UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
[X] Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31,June 30, 2019
or
[  ] Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from ______ to _______
Commission
File Number
 
Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter;
State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization
 
IRS Employer
Identification No.
001-14881 BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY COMPANY 94-2213782
  (An Iowa Corporation)  
  666 Grand Avenue, Suite 500  
  Des Moines, Iowa 50309-2580  
  515-242-4300  
     
001-05152 PACIFICORP 93-0246090
  (An Oregon Corporation)  
  825 N.E. Multnomah Street  
  Portland, Oregon 97232  
  888-221-7070  
     
333-90553 MIDAMERICAN FUNDING, LLC 47-0819200
  (An Iowa Limited Liability Company)  
  666 Grand Avenue, Suite 500  
  Des Moines, Iowa 50309-2580  
  515-242-4300  
     
333-15387 MIDAMERICAN ENERGY COMPANY 42-1425214
  (An Iowa Corporation)  
  666 Grand Avenue, Suite 500  
  Des Moines, Iowa 50309-2580  
  515-242-4300  
     
000-52378 NEVADA POWER COMPANY 88-0420104
  (A Nevada Corporation)  
  6226 West Sahara Avenue  
  Las Vegas, Nevada 89146  
  702-402-5000  
     
000-00508 SIERRA PACIFIC POWER COMPANY 88-0044418
  (A Nevada Corporation)  
  6100 Neil Road  
  Reno, Nevada 89511  
  775-834-4011  
     
  N/A  
  (Former name or former address, if changed from last report)  


RegistrantSecurities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY COMPANYNone
PACIFICORPNone
MIDAMERICAN FUNDING, LLCNone
MIDAMERICAN ENERGY COMPANYNone
NEVADA POWER COMPANYNone
SIERRA PACIFIC POWER COMPANYNone
RegistrantName of exchange on which registered:
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY COMPANYNone
PACIFICORPNone
MIDAMERICAN FUNDING, LLCNone
MIDAMERICAN ENERGY COMPANYNone
NEVADA POWER COMPANYNone
SIERRA PACIFIC POWER COMPANYNone
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
RegistrantYesNo
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY COMPANYX 
PACIFICORPX 
MIDAMERICAN FUNDING, LLC X
MIDAMERICAN ENERGY COMPANYX 
NEVADA POWER COMPANYX 
SIERRA PACIFIC POWER COMPANYX 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrants have submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrants were required to submit such files). Yes  x  No  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
RegistrantLarge accelerated filerAccelerated filerNon-accelerated filerSmaller reporting companyEmerging growth company
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY COMPANY  X  
PACIFICORP  X  
MIDAMERICAN FUNDING, LLC  X  
MIDAMERICAN ENERGY COMPANY  X  
NEVADA POWER COMPANY  X  
SIERRA PACIFIC POWER COMPANY  X  
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrants have elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrants are a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes  o  No  x


All shares of outstanding common stock of Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company are privately held by a limited group of investors. As of April 30,July 31, 2019, 76,549,232 shares of common stock, no par value, were outstanding.
All shares of outstanding common stock of PacifiCorp are indirectly owned by Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company. As of April 30,July 31, 2019, 357,060,915 shares of common stock, no par value, were outstanding.
All of the member's equity of MidAmerican Funding, LLC is held by its parent company, Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company, as of April 30,July 31, 2019.
All shares of outstanding common stock of MidAmerican Energy Company are owned by its parent company, MHC Inc., which is a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of MidAmerican Funding, LLC. As of April 30,July 31, 2019, 70,980,203 shares of common stock, no par value, were outstanding.
All shares of outstanding common stock of Nevada Power Company are owned by its parent company, NV Energy, Inc., which is an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company. As of April 30,July 31, 2019, 1,000 shares of common stock, $1.00 stated value, were outstanding.
All shares of outstanding common stock of Sierra Pacific Power Company are owned by its parent company, NV Energy, Inc. As of April 30,July 31, 2019, 1,000 shares of common stock, $3.75 par value, were outstanding.
This combined Form 10-Q is separately filed by Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company, PacifiCorp, MidAmerican Funding, LLC, MidAmerican Energy Company, Nevada Power Company and Sierra Pacific Power Company. Information contained herein relating to any individual company is filed by such company on its own behalf. Each company makes no representation as to information relating to the other companies.



TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
PART I
 
 
PART II
 
 


i



Definition of Abbreviations and Industry Terms

When used in Forward-Looking Statements, Part I - Items 2 through 3, and Part II - Items 1 through 6, the following terms have the definitions indicated.
Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company and Related Entities
BHE Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company
Berkshire Hathaway Berkshire Hathaway Inc.
Berkshire Hathaway Energy or the Company Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company and its subsidiaries
PacifiCorp PacifiCorp and its subsidiaries
MidAmerican Funding MidAmerican Funding, LLC and its subsidiaries
MidAmerican Energy MidAmerican Energy Company
NV Energy NV Energy, Inc. and its subsidiaries
Nevada Power Nevada Power Company and its subsidiaries
Sierra Pacific Sierra Pacific Power Company
Nevada Utilities Nevada Power Company and Sierra Pacific Power Company
Registrants Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company, PacifiCorp, MidAmerican Funding, MidAmerican Energy, Nevada Power and Sierra Pacific
Northern Powergrid Northern Powergrid Holdings Company
BHE Pipeline Group Consists of Northern Natural Gas Company and Kern River Gas Transmission Company
Northern Natural Gas Northern Natural Gas Company
Kern River Kern River Gas Transmission Company
BHE Transmission Consists of BHE Canada Holdings Corporation and BHE U.S. Transmission, LLC
BHE Canada BHE Canada Holdings Corporation
AltaLink AltaLink, L.P.
BHE U.S. Transmission BHE U.S. Transmission, LLC
BHE Renewables Consists of BHE Renewables, LLC and CalEnergy Philippines
HomeServices HomeServices of America, Inc. and its subsidiaries
Utilities PacifiCorp, MidAmerican Energy Company, Nevada Power Company and Sierra Pacific Power Company
Domestic Regulated Businesses PacifiCorp, MidAmerican Energy Company, Nevada Power Company, Sierra Pacific Power Company, Northern Natural Gas Company and Kern River Gas Transmission Company
Topaz Topaz Solar Farms LLC
Agua Caliente Agua Caliente Solar, LLC
   
Certain Industry Terms  
2017 Tax Reform The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted on December 22, 2017, effective January 1, 2018
AB 1054California Assembly Bill 1054
AESO Alberta Electric System Operator
AFUDC Allowance for Funds Used During Construction
AUC Alberta Utilities Commission
CPUC California Public Utilities Commission
DEAADeferred Energy Accounting Adjustment
Dth Decatherm
EBA Energy Balancing Account
ECAM Energy Cost Adjustment Mechanism
EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency
FERC Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

ii



FRMMAFire Risk Mitigation Memorandum Account
GAAP Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America
GEMA Gas and Electricity Markets Authority

ii



GHG Greenhouse Gases
GWh Gigawatt Hour
GTA General Tariff Application
IPUC Idaho Public Utilities Commission
IRP Integrated Resource Plan
IUB Iowa Utilities Board
kV Kilovolt
MW Megawatt
MWh Megawatt Hour
Ofgem Office of Gas and Electric Markets
OPUC Oregon Public Utility Commission
PUCN Public Utilities Commission of Nevada
REC Renewable Energy Credit
RPS Renewable Portfolio Standards
RRA 
Renewable Energy Credit and Sulfur Dioxide Revenue Adjustment Mechanism
SB 901California Senate Bill 901
SEC United States Securities and Exchange Commission
SIP State Implementation Plan
TAM Transition Adjustment Mechanism
UPSC Utah Public Service Commission
WPSC Wyoming Public Service Commission
WUTC Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission

Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains statements that do not directly or exclusively relate to historical facts. These statements are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements can typically be identified by the use of forward-looking words, such as "will," "may," "could," "project," "believe," "anticipate," "expect," "estimate," "continue," "intend," "potential," "plan," "forecast" and similar terms. These statements are based upon the relevant Registrant's current intentions, assumptions, expectations and beliefs and are subject to risks, uncertainties and other important factors. Many of these factors are outside the control of each Registrant and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These factors include, among others:
general economic, political and business conditions, as well as changes in, and compliance with, laws and regulations, including income tax reform, initiatives regarding deregulation and restructuring of the utility industry, and reliability and safety standards, affecting the respective Registrant's operations or related industries;
changes in, and compliance with, environmental laws, regulations, decisions and policies that could, among other items, increase operating and capital costs, reduce facility output, accelerate facility retirements or delay facility construction or acquisition;
the outcome of regulatory rate reviews and other proceedings conducted by regulatory agencies or other governmental and legal bodies and the respective Registrant's ability to recover costs through rates in a timely manner;
changes in economic, industry, competition or weather conditions, as well as demographic trends, new technologies and various conservation, energy efficiency and private generation measures and programs, that could affect customer growth and usage, electricity and natural gas supply or the respective Registrant's ability to obtain long-term contracts with customers and suppliers;

iii



performance, availability and ongoing operation of the respective Registrant's facilities, including facilities not operated by the Registrants, due to the impacts of market conditions, outages and repairs, transmission constraints, weather, including wind, solar and hydroelectric conditions, and operating conditions;
the effects of catastrophic and other unforeseen events, which may be caused by factors beyond the control of each respective Registrant or by a breakdown or failure of the Registrants' operating assets, including severe storms, floods, fires, earthquakes, explosions, landslides, an electromagnetic pulse, mining incidents, litigation, wars, terrorism, embargoes, and cyber security attacks, data security breaches, disruptions, or other malicious acts;

iii



a high degree of variance between actual and forecasted load or generation that could impact a Registrant's hedging strategy and the cost of balancing its generation resources with its retail load obligations;
changes in prices, availability and demand for wholesale electricity, coal, natural gas, other fuel sources and fuel transportation that could have a significant impact on generating capacity and energy costs;
the financial condition, creditworthiness and creditworthinessoperational stability of the respective Registrant's significant customers and suppliers;
changes in business strategy or development plans;
availability, terms and deployment of capital, including reductions in demand for investment-grade commercial paper, debt securities and other sources of debt financing and volatility in interest rates;
changes in the respective Registrant's credit ratings;
risks relating to nuclear generation, including unique operational, closure and decommissioning risks;
hydroelectric conditions and the cost, feasibility and eventual outcome of hydroelectric relicensing proceedings;
the impact of certain contracts used to mitigate or manage volume, price and interest rate risk, including increased collateral requirements, and changes in commodity prices, interest rates and other conditions that affect the fair value of certain contracts;
the impact of inflation on costs and the ability of the respective Registrants to recover such costs in regulated rates;
fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily the British pound and the Canadian dollar;
increases in employee healthcare costs;
the impact of investment performance and changes in interest rates, legislation, healthcare cost trends, mortality and morbidity on pension and other postretirement benefits expense and funding requirements;
changes in the residential real estate brokerage, mortgage and franchising industries and regulations that could affect brokerage, mortgage and franchising transactions;
the ability to successfully integrate future acquired operations into a Registrant's business;
unanticipated construction delays, changes in costs, receipt of required permits and authorizations, ability to fund capital projects and other factors that could affect future facilities and infrastructure additions;
the availability and price of natural gas in applicable geographic regions and demand for natural gas supply;
the impact of new accounting guidance or changes in current accounting estimates and assumptions on the financial results of the respective Registrants; and
other business or investment considerations that may be disclosed from time to time in the Registrants' filings with the SEC or in other publicly disseminated written documents.
 
Further details of the potential risks and uncertainties affecting the Registrants are described in the Registrants' filings with the SEC, including Part II, Item 1A and other discussions contained in this Form 10-Q. Each Registrant undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. The foregoing factors should not be construed as exclusive.


iv



Item 1.Financial Statements
Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company and its subsidiaries  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PacifiCorp and its subsidiaries  
 
 
 
 
 
 
MidAmerican Energy Company  
 
 
 
 
 
 
MidAmerican Funding, LLC and its subsidiaries  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nevada Power Company and its subsidiaries  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sierra Pacific Power Company  
 
 
 
 
 
 




Item 2.Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
 
 
 
 




Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company and its subsidiaries
Consolidated Financial Section



PART I
Item 1.Financial Statements


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM


To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company

Results of Review of Interim Financial Information

We have reviewed the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of March 31,June 30, 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income and changes in equity for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, and of cash flows for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "interim financial information"). Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying interim financial information for it to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of December 31, 2018, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated February 22, 2019, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018 is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.

Basis for Review Results

This interim financial information is the responsibility of the Company's management. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our reviews in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.


/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP


Des Moines, Iowa
May 3,August 2, 2019


BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

As ofAs of
March 31, December 31,June 30, December 31,
2019 20182019 2018
ASSETS
Current assets:      
Cash and cash equivalents$1,661
 $627
$1,265
 $627
Restricted cash and cash equivalents181
 227
214
 227
Trade receivables, net1,898
 2,038
1,979
 2,038
Inventories785
 844
867
 844
Mortgage loans held for sale506
 468
1,065
 468
Amounts held in trust351
 145
Other current assets1,080
 943
763
 798
Total current assets6,111
 5,147
6,504
 5,147
 
  
 
  
Property, plant and equipment, net68,948
 68,087
69,939
 68,087
Goodwill9,663
 9,595
9,675
 9,595
Regulatory assets2,898
 2,896
2,849
 2,896
Investments and restricted cash and cash equivalents and investments4,877
 4,903
5,092
 4,903
Other assets2,048
 1,561
2,083
 1,561
   
   
Total assets$94,545
 $92,189
$96,142
 $92,189

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) (continued)
(Amounts in millions)

As ofAs of
March 31, December 31,June 30, December 31,
2019 20182019 2018
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:      
Accounts payable$1,434
 $1,809
$1,666
 $1,809
Accrued interest522
 469
533
 469
Accrued property, income and other taxes475
 599
419
 599
Accrued employee expenses316
 275
345
 275
Short-term debt2,214
 2,516
2,594
 2,516
Current portion of long-term debt1,078
 2,081
1,906
 2,081
Other current liabilities1,358
 1,021
1,444
 1,021
Total current liabilities7,397
 8,770
8,907
 8,770
 
  
 
  
BHE senior debt8,228
 8,577
8,229
 8,577
BHE junior subordinated debentures100
 100
100
 100
Subsidiary debt28,510
 25,492
27,861
 25,492
Regulatory liabilities7,347
 7,346
7,382
 7,346
Deferred income taxes9,080
 9,047
9,093
 9,047
Other long-term liabilities3,721
 3,134
3,783
 3,134
Total liabilities64,383
 62,466
65,355
 62,466
 
  
 
  
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)  

  

 
  
 
  
Equity: 
  
 
  
BHE shareholders' equity: 
  
 
  
Common stock - 115 shares authorized, no par value, 77 shares issued and outstanding
 

 
Additional paid-in capital6,355
 6,371
6,355
 6,371
Long-term income tax receivable(457) (457)(457) (457)
Retained earnings25,968
 25,624
26,651
 25,624
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net(1,830) (1,945)(1,888) (1,945)
Total BHE shareholders' equity30,036
 29,593
30,661
 29,593
Noncontrolling interests126
 130
126
 130
Total equity30,162
 29,723
30,787
 29,723
   
   
Total liabilities and equity$94,545
 $92,189
$96,142
 $92,189

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
Operating revenue:          
Energy$3,825
 $3,679
$3,567
 $3,720
 $7,392
 $7,399
Real estate785
 761
1,327
 1,273
 2,112
 2,034
Total operating revenue4,610
 4,440
4,894
 4,993
 9,504
 9,433
          
Operating expenses:          
Energy:          
Cost of sales1,214
 1,168
1,027
 1,126
 2,241
 2,294
Operations and maintenance802
 785
822
 849
 1,624
 1,633
Depreciation and amortization720
 704
728
 739
 1,448
 1,443
Property and other taxes149
 143
148
 142
 297
 286
Real estate806
 769
1,210
 1,165
 2,016
 1,934
Total operating expenses3,691
 3,569
3,935
 4,021
 7,626
 7,590
          
Operating income919
 871
959
 972
 1,878
 1,843
          
Other income (expense):          
Interest expense(477) (466)(476) (461) (953) (927)
Capitalized interest16
 12
17
 15
 33
 27
Allowance for equity funds32
 21
38
 24
 70
 45
Interest and dividend income30
 26
36
 32
 66
 58
Losses on marketable securities, net(68) (209)
Gains (losses) on marketable securities, net6
 (387) (62) (596)
Other, net35
 30
30
 1
 65
 31
Total other income (expense)(432) (586)(349) (776) (781) (1,362)
          
Income before income tax benefit and equity (loss) income487
 285
Income before income tax benefit and equity income (loss)610
 196
 1,097
 481
Income tax benefit(148) (221)(76) (168) (224) (389)
Equity (loss) income(10) 12
Equity income (loss)2
 14
 (8) 26
Net income625
 518
688
 378
 1,313
 896
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests3
 5
4
 6
 7
 11
Net income attributable to BHE shareholders$622
 $513
$684
 $372
 $1,306
 $885

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 


BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
          
Net income$625
 $518
$688
 $378
 $1,313
 $896
          
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:   
Unrecognized amounts on retirement benefits, net of tax of $(7) and $(4)(32) (3)
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:       
Unrecognized amounts on retirement benefits, net of tax of $5, $16, $(2) and $1218
 54
 (14) 51
Foreign currency translation adjustment155
 73
(49) (307) 106
 (234)
Unrealized losses on cash flow hedges, net of tax of $(2) and $(1)(8) (2)
Total other comprehensive income, net of tax115
 68
Unrealized (losses) gains on cash flow hedges, net of tax of $(9), $1, $(11) and $-(27) 3
 (35) 1
Total other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax(58) (250) 57
 (182)
 
  
 
  
  
  
Comprehensive income740
 586
630
 128
 1,370
 714
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests3
 5
4
 6
 7
 11
Comprehensive income attributable to BHE shareholders$737
 $581
$626
 $122
 $1,363
 $703

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

BHE Shareholders' Equity   BHE Shareholders' Equity   
      Long-term   Accumulated          Long-term   Accumulated    
    Additional Income   Other        Additional Income   Other    
Common Paid-in Tax Retained Comprehensive Noncontrolling TotalCommon Paid-in Tax Retained Comprehensive Noncontrolling Total
Shares Stock Capital Receivable Earnings Loss, Net Interests EquityShares Stock Capital Receivable Earnings Loss, Net Interests Equity
Balance, March 31, 201877
 $
 $6,363
 $
 $23,719
 $(1,415) $127
 $28,794
Net income
 
 
 
 372
 
 4
 376
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 (250) 
 (250)
Reclassification of long-term income tax receivable
 
 
 (609) 
 
 
 (609)
Long-term income tax receivable adjustments
 
 
 115
 (115) 
 
 
Distributions
 
 
 
 
 
 (3) (3)
Other equity transactions
 
 (5) 
 
 
 1
 (4)
Balance, June 30, 201877
 $
 $6,358
 $(494) $23,976
 $(1,665) $129
 $28,304
                
  
  
    
  
  
  
Balance, December 31, 201777
 $
 $6,368
 $
 $22,206
 $(398) $132
 $28,308
77
 $
 $6,368
 $
 $22,206
 $(398) $132
 $28,308
Adoption of ASU 2016-01
 
 
 
 1,085
 (1,085) 
 

 
 
 
 1,085
 (1,085) 
 
Net income
 
 
 
 513
 
 4
 517

 
 
 
 885
 
 8
 893
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 68
 
 68

 
 
 
 
 (182) 
 (182)
Reclassification of long-term income tax receivable
 
 
 (609) 
 
 
 (609)
Long-term income tax receivable adjustments
 
 
 115
 (115) 
 
 
Common stock purchases
 
 (5) 
 (85) 
 
 (90)
 
 (5) 
 (85) 
 
 (90)
Distributions
 
 
 
 
 
 (9) (9)
 
 
 
 
 
 (12) (12)
Balance, March 31, 201877
 $
 $6,363
 $
 $23,719
 $(1,415) $127
 $28,794
Other equity transactions
 
 (5) 
 
 
 1
 (4)
Balance, June 30, 201877
 $
 $6,358
 $(494) $23,976
 $(1,665) $129
 $28,304
               
Balance, March 31, 201977
 $
 $6,355
 $(457) $25,968
 $(1,830) $126
 $30,162
Net income
 
 
 
 684
 
 4
 688
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 (58) 
 (58)
Distributions
 
 
 
 
 
 (3) (3)
Other equity transactions
 
 
 
 (1) 
 (1) (2)
Balance, June 30, 201977
 $
 $6,355
 $(457) $26,651
 $(1,888) $126
 $30,787
 
  
  
    
  
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
  
Balance, December 31, 201877
 $
 $6,371
 $(457) $25,624
 $(1,945) $130
 $29,723
77
 $
 $6,371
 $(457) $25,624
 $(1,945) $130
 $29,723
Net income
 
 
 
 622
 
 3
 625

 
 
 
 1,306
 
 7
 1,313
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 115
 
 115

 
 
 
 
 57
 
 57
Common stock purchases
 
 (16) 
 (277) 
 
 (293)
 
 (16) 
 (277) 
 
 (293)
Distributions
 
 
 
 
 
 (7) (7)
 
 
 
 
 
 (10) (10)
Other equity transactions
 
 
 
 (1) 
 
 (1)
 
 
 
 (2) 
 (1) (3)
Balance, March 31, 201977
 $
 $6,355
 $(457) $25,968
 $(1,830) $126
 $30,162
Balance, June 30, 201977
 $
 $6,355
 $(457) $26,651
 $(1,888) $126
 $30,787

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

Three-Month PeriodsSix-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income$625
 $518
$1,313
 $896
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities: 
  
 
  
Losses on marketable securities, net68
 209
62
 596
Depreciation and amortization733
 716
1,472
 1,466
Allowance for equity funds(32) (21)(70) (45)
Equity loss (income), net of distributions26
 (5)
Equity (income) loss, net of distributions37
 1
Changes in regulatory assets and liabilities(52) 94
1
 206
Deferred income taxes and amortization of investment tax credits(21) (166)25
 (264)
Other, net1
 19
23
 26
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisitions:      
Trade receivables and other assets144
 250
(550) (226)
Derivative collateral, net(3) (14)(30) (5)
Pension and other postretirement benefit plans(21) (21)(41) (23)
Accrued property, income and other taxes, net(48) (60)(140) 174
Accounts payable and other liabilities68
 (40)32
 16
Net cash flows from operating activities1,488
 1,479
2,134
 2,818
 
  
 
  
Cash flows from investing activities: 
  
 
  
Capital expenditures(1,393) (1,075)(2,750) (2,779)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired(26) 
(29) (107)
Purchases of marketable securities(159) (155)(190) (209)
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities153
 132
185
 184
Equity method investments(7) (156)(211) (151)
Other, net17
 31
36
 43
Net cash flows from investing activities(1,415) (1,223)(2,959) (3,019)
 
  
 
  
Cash flows from financing activities: 
  
 
  
Proceeds from BHE senior debt
 2,176

 2,176
Repayments of BHE senior debt
 (650)
Common stock purchases(293) (90)(293) (90)
Proceeds from subsidiary debt2,945
 687
3,464
 1,313
Repayments of subsidiary debt(1,420) (550)(1,763) (1,082)
Net repayments of short-term debt(311) (1,873)
Net proceeds from (repayments of) short-term debt64
 (1,048)
Purchase of redeemable noncontrolling interest
 (131)
Other, net(21) (14)(25) (23)
Net cash flows from financing activities900
 336
1,447
 465
 
  
 
  
Effect of exchange rate changes1
 1
1
 (3)
 
  
 
  
Net change in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents974
 593
623
 261
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period883
 1,283
883
 1,283
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period$1,857
 $1,876
$1,506
 $1,544

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

(1)
General

Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company ("BHE") is a holding company that owns a highly diversified portfolio of locally managed businesses principally engaged in the energy industry (collectively with its subsidiaries, the "Company") and is a consolidated subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Inc. ("Berkshire Hathaway").

The Company's operations are organized as eight business segments: PacifiCorp, MidAmerican Funding, LLC ("MidAmerican Funding") (which primarily consists of MidAmerican Energy Company ("MidAmerican Energy")), NV Energy, Inc. ("NV Energy") (which primarily consists of Nevada Power Company ("Nevada Power") and Sierra Pacific Power Company ("Sierra Pacific")), Northern Powergrid Holdings Company ("Northern Powergrid") (which primarily consists of Northern Powergrid (Northeast) Limited and Northern Powergrid (Yorkshire) plc), BHE Pipeline Group (which consists of Northern Natural Gas Company ("Northern Natural Gas") and Kern River Gas Transmission Company ("Kern River")), BHE Transmission (which consists of BHE Canada Holdings Corporation ("BHE Canada") (which primarily consists of AltaLink, L.P. ("AltaLink")) and BHE U.S. Transmission, LLC), BHE Renewables (which primarily consists of BHE Renewables, LLC and CalEnergy Philippines) and HomeServices of America, Inc. (collectively with its subsidiaries, "HomeServices"). The Company, through these locally managed and operated businesses, owns four utility companies in the United States serving customers in 11 states, two electricity distribution companies in Great Britain, two interstate natural gas pipeline companies in the United States, an electric transmission business in Canada, interests in electric transmission businesses in the United States, a renewable energy business primarily investing in wind, solar, geothermal and hydroelectric projects, the largest residential real estate brokerage firm in the United States and one of the largest residential real estate brokerage franchise networks in the United States.

The unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and regulations for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP for annual financial statements. Management believes the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for the fair presentation of the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and for the three-monththree- and six-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018. The results of operations for the three-month periodthree- and six-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

The preparation of the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period. Actual results may differ from the estimates used in preparing the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 describes the most significant accounting policies used in the preparation of the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. There have been no significant changes in the Company's assumptions regarding significant accounting estimates and policies, except as disclosed in Note 4, during the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2019.




(2)
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net

Property, plant and equipment, net consists of the following (in millions):
  As of  As of
Depreciable March 31, December 31,Depreciable June 30, December 31,
Life 2019 2018Life 2019 2018
Regulated assets:        
Utility generation, transmission and distribution systems5-80 years $77,659
 $76,707
5-80 years $78,087
 $76,707
Interstate natural gas pipeline assets3-80 years 7,547
 7,524
3-80 years 7,571
 7,524
 85,206
 84,231
 85,658
 84,231
Accumulated depreciation and amortization (26,253) (25,894) (26,637) (25,894)
Regulated assets, net 58,953
 58,337
 59,021
 58,337
  
  
  
  
Nonregulated assets:  
  
  
  
Independent power plants5-30 years 6,844
 6,826
5-30 years 6,962
 6,826
Other assets3-30 years 1,474
 1,424
3-30 years 1,625
 1,424
 8,318
 8,250
 8,587
 8,250
Accumulated depreciation and amortization (1,711) (1,610) (2,000) (1,610)
Nonregulated assets, net 6,607
 6,640
 6,587
 6,640
  
  
  
  
Net operating assets 65,560
 64,977
 65,608
 64,977
Construction work-in-progress 3,388
 3,110
 4,331
 3,110
Property, plant and equipment, net $68,948
 $68,087
 $69,939
 $68,087

Construction work-in-progress includes $3.2$4.1 billion as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and $2.9 billion as of December 31, 2018, related to the construction of regulated assets.



(3)
Investments and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents and Investments

Investments and restricted cash and cash equivalents and investments consists of the following (in millions):
As ofAs of
March 31, December 31,June 30, December 31,
2019 20182019 2018
Investments:      
BYD Company Limited common stock$1,356
 $1,435
$1,358
 $1,435
Rabbi trusts394
 371
392
 371
Other180
 168
181
 168
Total investments1,930
 1,974
1,931
 1,974
 
  
 
  
Equity method investments:      
BHE Renewables tax equity investments1,627
 1,661
1,797
 1,661
Electric Transmission Texas, LLC529
 527
537
 527
Bridger Coal Company97
 99
89
 99
Other158
 153
172
 153
Total equity method investments2,411
 2,440
2,595
 2,440
      
Restricted cash and cash equivalents and investments: 
  
 
  
Quad Cities Station nuclear decommissioning trust funds545
 504
562
 504
Restricted cash and cash equivalents196
 256
241
 256
Total restricted cash and cash equivalents and investments741
 760
803
 760
 
  
 
  
Total investments and restricted cash and cash equivalents and investments$5,082
 $5,174
$5,329
 $5,174
      
Reflected as:      
Current assets$205
 $271
$237
 $271
Noncurrent assets4,877
 4,903
5,092
 4,903
Total investments and restricted cash and cash equivalents and investments$5,082
 $5,174
$5,329
 $5,174

Investments

LossesGains (losses) on marketable securities, net recognized during the period consists of the following (in millions):
 Three-Month Periods
 Ended March 31,
 2019 2018
Unrealized losses recognized on marketable securities still held at the reporting date$(68) $(211)
Net gains recognized on marketable securities sold during the period
 2
Losses on marketable securities, net$(68) $(209)
 Three-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
 Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Unrealized gains (losses) recognized on marketable securities still held at the reporting date$7
 $(386) $(61) $(597)
Net (losses) gains recognized on marketable securities sold during the period(1) (1) (1) 1
Gains (losses) on marketable securities, net$6
 $(387) $(62) $(596)



Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents consist of funds invested in money market mutual funds, United States Treasury Bills and other investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased. Cash and cash equivalents exclude amounts where availability is restricted by legal requirements, loan agreements or other contractual provisions. Restricted cash and cash equivalents as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, consist substantially of funds restricted for the purpose of constructing solid waste facilities under tax-exempt bond obligation agreements and debt service obligations for certain of the Company's nonregulated renewable energy projects. A reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows is outlined below and disaggregated by the line items in which they appear on the Consolidated Balance Sheets (in millions):
As ofAs of
March 31, December 31,June 30, December 31,
2019 20182019 2018
Cash and cash equivalents$1,661
 $627
$1,265
 $627
Restricted cash and cash equivalents181
 227
214
 227
Investments and restricted cash and cash equivalents and investments15
 29
27
 29
Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents$1,857
 $883
$1,506
 $883

(4)    Leases

Adoption

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-02, which creates FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 842, "Leases" and supersedes Topic 840 "Leases." This guidance increases transparency and comparability among entities by recording lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. A lessee should recognize on the balance sheet a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. The recognition, measurement and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee have not significantly changed from previous guidance. Following the issuance of ASU No. 2016-02, the FASB issued several ASUs that clarified the implementation guidance for ASU No. 2016-02 but did not change the core principle of the guidance. The Company adopted this guidance for all applicable contracts in-effect as of January 1, 2019 under a modified retrospective method and the adoption did not have a cumulative effect impact at the date of initial adoption.

The Company has elected to utilize various practical expedients available to adopt ASU No. 2016-02, including (1) the package of three not requiring a reassessment of (i) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases; (ii) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases; and (iii) initial direct costs for any existing leases; (2) using hindsight in determining the lease term; and (3) not requiring a reassessment of whether existing or expired land easements that were not previously accounted for as leases under ASC Topic 840 are or contain a lease under ASC Topic 842.

Leases

Lessee

The Company has non-cancelable operating leases primarily for office space, office equipment, generating facilities, land and rail cars and finance leases consisting primarily of transmission assets, generating facilities and vehicles. These leases generally require the Company to pay for insurance, taxes and maintenance applicable to the leased property. Given the capital intensive nature of the utility industry, it is common for a portion of lease costs to be capitalized when used during construction or maintenance of assets, in which the associated costs will be capitalized with the corresponding asset and depreciated over the remaining life of that asset. Certain leases contain renewal options for varying periods and escalation clauses for adjusting rent to reflect changes in price indices. The Company does not include options in its lease calculations unless there is a triggering event indicating the Company is reasonably certain to exercise the option. The Company’s accounting policy is to not recognize lease obligations and corresponding right-of-use assets for leases with contract terms of one year or less and not separate lease components from non-lease components and instead account for each separate lease component and the non-lease components associated with a lease as a single lease component. Leases will be evaluated for impairment in line with ASC 360, "Property, Plant and Equipment" when a triggering event has occurred that might affect the value and use of the assets being leased.



The Company's leases of generating facilities generally are for the long-term purchase of electric energy, also known as power purchase agreements ("PPA"). PPAs are generally signed before or during the early stages of project construction and can yield a lease that has not yet commenced. These agreements are primarily for renewable energy and the payments are considered variable lease payments as they are based on the amount of output.

The Company's operating and finance right-of-use assets are recorded in other assets and the operating and finance lease liabilities are recorded in current and long-term other liabilities accordingly. The right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for finance leases as of December 31, 2018 have been reclassified from property, plant and equipment, net and current portion of long-term and subsidiary debt, respectively, to conform to the current period presentation. The following table summarizes the Company's leases recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet (in millions):
As ofAs of
March 31,June 30,
20192019
Right-of-use assets:  
Operating leases$544
$553
Finance leases509
509
Total right-of-use assets$1,053
$1,062
  
Lease liabilities:  
Operating leases$586
$597
Finance leases522
523
Total lease liabilities$1,108
$1,120

The following table summarizes the Company's lease costs (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodThree-Month Period Six-Month Period
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ending June 30,
20192019 2019
    
Variable$144
$153
 $296
Operating41
41
 82
Finance:    
Amortization4
4
 8
Interest11
10
 21
Short-term1
1
 3
Total lease costs$201
$209
 $410
    
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years):    
Operating leases7.5
  8.0
Finance leases29.5
  29.1
    
Weighted-average discount rate:    
Operating leases5.3%  5.2%
Finance leases8.7%  8.7%



The following table summarizes the Company's supplemental cash flow information relating to leases (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodSix-Month Period
Ended March 31,Ended June 30,
20192019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:  
Operating cash flows from operating leases$(37)$(70)
Operating cash flows from finance leases(12)(22)
Financing cash flows from finance leases(5)(9)
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities:  
Operating leases$12
$49
Finance leases1
6

The Company has the following remaining lease commitments as of (in millions):
March 31, 2019 
December 31, 2018(1)
June 30, 2019 
December 31, 2018(1)
Operating Finance Total Operating Capital TotalOperating Finance Total Operating Capital Total
2019$115
 $53
 $168
 $147
 $69
 $216
$77
 $39
 $116
 $147
 $69
 $216
2020138
 68
 206
 128
 68
 196
139
 69
 208
 128
 68
 196
2021116
 74
 190
 110
 73
 183
117
 75
 192
 110
 73
 183
202292
 67
 159
 87
 67
 154
93
 68
 161
 87
 67
 154
202366
 56
 122
 61
 56
 117
66
 57
 123
 61
 56
 117
Thereafter198
 775
 973
 159
 772
 931
236
 776
 1,012
 159
 772
 931
Total undiscounted lease payments725
 1,093
 1,818
 $692
 $1,105
 $1,797
728
 1,084
 1,812
 $692
 $1,105
 $1,797
Less - amounts representing interest(139) (571) (710)      (131) (561) (692)      
Lease liabilities$586
 $522
 $1,108
      $597
 $523
 $1,120
      

(1)     Amounts included for comparability and accounted for in accordance with ASC 840, "Leases".
(5)
Recent Financing Transactions

Long-Term Debt

In June 2019, Northern Natural Gas issued $200 million of its 4.30% Senior Bonds due January 2049. The bonds are part of the same series as the $450 million aggregate principal amount of 4.30% bonds due 2049 that were issued in July 2018. Northern Natural Gas intends to use the net proceeds to fund capital expenditures and for general corporate purposes.

In May 2019, Northern Electric Finance plc issued £150 million of its 2.75% Guaranteed Bonds due May 2049 and intends to use the net proceeds for general corporate purposes.

In March 2019, PacifiCorp issued $400 million of its 3.50% First Mortgage Bonds due June 2029 and $600 million of its 4.15% First Mortgage Bonds due February 2050. PacifiCorp used a portion of the net proceeds to repay short-term debt partially incurred in January 2019 to repay all of PacifiCorp's $350 million 5.50% First Mortgage Bonds due January 2019 and intends to use the remaining net proceeds to fund capital expenditures and for general corporate purposes.

In February 2019, MidAmerican Energy redeemed $500 million of its 2.40% First Mortgage Bonds due in March 2019 at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount plus accrued interest.

In January 2019, Nevada Power issued $500 million of its 3.70% General and Refunding Mortgage Notes, Series CC, due May 2029. Nevada Power used the net proceeds to repay all of Nevada Power's $500 million 7.125% General and Refunding Mortgage Notes, Series V, maturing in March 2019.



In January 2019, MidAmerican Energy issued $600 million of its 3.65% First Mortgage Bonds due April 2029 and $900 million of its 4.25% First Mortgage Bonds due July 2049. An amount equal to the net proceeds was used to finance capital expenditures, disbursed during the period from November 1, 2017 to December 14, 2018, with respect to investments in MidAmerican Energy's 2,000-megawatt (nameplate capacity) Wind XI project, MidAmerican Energy's 591-megawatt (nameplate capacity) Wind XII project and the repowering of certain of MidAmerican Energy's existing wind facilities, which were previously financed with MidAmerican Energy's general funds.

Credit Facilities

In May 2019, BHE extended, with lender consent, the expiration date for its existing $3.5 billion unsecured credit facility to June 2022 by exercising the first of two available one-year extensions.

In May 2019, PacifiCorp extended, with lender consent, the expiration date for each of its two existing $600 million unsecured credit facilities to June 2022 by exercising the remaining one-year extension option for one facility and exercising the first of two available one-year extensions for the second facility.

In May 2019, MidAmerican Energy extended, with lender consent, the expiration date for its existing $900 million unsecured credit facility to June 2022 by exercising the remaining one-year extension option.

In May 2019, Nevada Power and Sierra Pacific extended, with lender consent, the expiration date for its $400 million and $250 million secured credit facilities, respectively, to June 2022 by exercising the remaining one-year extension options.

(6)
Income Taxes

A reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax rate to the effective income tax rate applicable to income before income tax expense is as follows:
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
          
Federal statutory income tax rate21 % 21 %21 % 21 % 21 % 21 %
Income tax credits(29) (45)(29) (78) (29) (58)
State income tax, net of federal income tax benefit(17) (30)
 (19) (8) (25)
Income tax effect of foreign income(3) (16)(1) (4) (2) (11)
Effects of ratemaking(3) (8)(2) (8) (2) (8)
Equity income(1) 1

 1
 
 1
Other, net2
 (1)(1) 1
 

(1)
Effective income tax rate(30)% (78)%(12)% (86)% (20)% (81)%

Income tax credits relate primarily to production tax credits from wind-powered generating facilities owned by MidAmerican Energy, PacifiCorp and BHE Renewables. Federal renewable electricity production tax credits are earned as energy from qualifying wind-powered generating facilities is produced and sold and are based on a per-kilowatt hour rate pursuant to the applicable federal income tax law. Wind-powered generating facilities are eligible for the credits for 10 years from the date the qualifying generating facilities are placed in-service.

The Company's provision for income tax has been computed on a stand-alone basis. Berkshire Hathaway includes the Company in its United States federal and Iowa state income tax returns and the majority of all of its currently payable or receivable income tax is remitted to or received from Berkshire Hathaway. For the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company did not receive or make anyreceived net cash payments for federal income taxes from or to Berkshire Hathaway.Hathaway totaling $- million and $311 million, respectively.



(7)
Employee Benefit Plans

Domestic Operations

Net periodic benefit cost (credit) for the domestic pension and other postretirement benefit plans included the following components (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
Pension:          
Service cost$4
 $5
$4
 $5
 $8
 $10
Interest cost27
 26
28
 26
 55
 52
Expected return on plan assets(38) (41)(39) (41) (77) (82)
Net amortization9
 8
7
 7
 16
 15
Net periodic benefit cost (credit)$2
 $(2)$
 $(3) $2
 $(5)
          
Other postretirement:          
Service cost$2
 $2
$3
 $3
 $5
 $5
Interest cost6
 6
8
 6
 14
 12
Expected return on plan assets(10) (10)(10) (12) (20) (22)
Net amortization(2) (3)(1) (3) (3) (6)
Net periodic benefit credit$(4) $(5)$
 $(6) $(4) $(11)

Amounts other than the service cost for pension and other postretirement benefit plans are recorded in Other, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Employer contributions to the domestic pension and other postretirement benefit plans are expected to be $13 million and $1 million, respectively, during 2019. As of March 31,June 30, 2019, $3$6 million and $- million of contributions had been made to the domestic pension and other postretirement benefit plans, respectively.

Foreign Operations

Net periodic benefit cost for the United Kingdom pension plan included the following components (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
          
Service cost$4
 $5
$4
 $5
 $8
 $10
Interest cost13
 14
13
 14
 26
 28
Expected return on plan assets(25) (27)(25) (26) (50) (53)
Settlement
 24
 
 24
Net amortization9
 15
9
 14
 18
 29
Net periodic benefit cost$1
 $7
$1
 $31
 $2
 $38

Amounts other than the service cost for the United Kingdom pension plan are recorded in Other, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Employer contributions to the United Kingdom pension plan are expected to be £44 million during 2019. As of March 31,June 30, 2019, £1122 million, or $1428 million, of contributions had been made to the United Kingdom pension plan.



(8)    Asset Retirement Obligations

In January 2018, MidAmerican Energy completed groundwater testing at its coal combustion residuals ("CCR") surface impoundments. Based on this information, MidAmerican Energy discontinued sending CCR to surface impoundments effective April 2018 and initiated analysis of additional actions to be taken. As a result of that analysis, MidAmerican Energy will remove all CCR material located below the water table and cap the material in such facilities, which is a more extensive closure activity than previously assumed. In the first quarter of 2019, MidAmerican Energy increased the asset retirement obligations for its fossil-fueled generating facilities by $237 million the asset retirement obligation forrelated to the cost of this closure activity. Closure activity on the six existing surface impoundments is estimated to extend through 2023.

(9)
Fair Value Measurements

The carrying value of the Company's cash, certain cash equivalents, receivables, payables, accrued liabilities and short-term borrowings approximates fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. The Company has various financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on the Consolidated Financial Statements using inputs from the three levels of the fair value hierarchy. A financial asset or liability classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels are as follows:

Level 1 — Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2 — Inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means (market corroborated inputs).
Level 3 — Unobservable inputs reflect the Company's judgments about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability since limited market data exists. The Company develops these inputs based on the best information available, including its own data.

The following table presents the Company's financial assets and liabilities recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in millions):
 Input Levels for Fair Value Measurements     Input Levels for Fair Value Measurements    
 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 
Other(1)
 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 
Other(1)
 Total
As of March 31, 2019          
As of June 30, 2019          
Assets:                    
Commodity derivatives $
 $82
 $100
 $(40) $142
 $
 $38
 $106
 $(25) $119
Interest rate derivatives 
 10
 19
 
 29
 
 6
 25
 
 31
Mortgage loans held for sale 
 506
 
 
 506
 
 1,065
 
 
 1,065
Money market mutual funds(2)
 1,169
 
 
 
 1,169
 951
 
 
 
 951
Debt securities:                    
United States government obligations 190
 
 
 
 190
 193
 
 
 
 193
International government obligations 
 4
 
 
 4
 
 4
 
 
 4
Corporate obligations 
 47
 
 
 47
 
 49
 
 
 49
Municipal obligations 
 2
 
 
 2
 
 2
 
 
 2
Agency, asset and mortgage-backed obligations 
 1
 
 
 1
 
 1
 
 
 1
Equity securities:                    
United States companies 292
 
 
 
 292
 311
 
 
 
 311
International companies 1,363
 
 
 
 1,363
 1,358
 
 
 
 1,358
Investment funds 182
 
 
 
 182
 182
 
 
 
 182
 $3,196

$652

$119

$(40) $3,927
 $2,995

$1,165

$131

$(25) $4,266
Liabilities:  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Commodity derivatives $

$(162)
$(14)
$96
 $(80) $(2)
$(187)
$(20)
$117
 $(92)
Interest rate derivatives (1) (17) (1) 
 (19) (2) (24) (2) 
 (28)
 $(1) $(179) $(15) $96
 $(99) $(4) $(211) $(22) $117
 $(120)


  Input Levels for Fair Value Measurements    
  Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 
Other(1)
 Total
As of December 31, 2018          
Assets:          
Commodity derivatives $1
 $91
 $108
 $(52) $148
Interest rate derivatives 1
 13
 10
 
 24
Mortgage loans held for sale 
 468
 
 
 468
Money market mutual funds(2)
 409
 
 
 
 409
Debt securities:          
United States government obligations 187
 
 
 
 187
International government obligations 
 4
 
 
 4
Corporate obligations 
 46
 
 
 46
Municipal obligations 
 2
 
 
 2
Agency, asset and mortgage-backed obligations 
 1
 
 
 1
Equity securities:          
United States companies 256
 
 
 
 256
International companies 1,441
 
 
 
 1,441
Investment funds 128
 
 
 
 128
  $2,423
 $625
 $118
 $(52) $3,114
Liabilities:          
Commodity derivatives $(1) $(180) $(9) $111
 $(79)
Interest rate derivatives 
 (32) 
 
 (32)
  $(1) $(212) $(9) $111
 $(111)

(1)Represents netting under master netting arrangements and a net cash collateral receivable of $56$92 million and $59 million as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
(2)Amounts are included in cash and cash equivalents; other current assets; and noncurrent investments and restricted cash and investments on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fair value of these money market mutual funds approximates cost.
Derivative contracts are recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as either assets or liabilities and are stated at estimated fair value unless they are designated as normal purchases or normal sales and qualify for the exception afforded by GAAP. When available, the fair value of derivative contracts is estimated using unadjusted quoted prices for identical contracts in the market in which the Company transacts. When quoted prices for identical contracts are not available, the Company uses forward price curves. Forward price curves represent the Company's estimates of the prices at which a buyer or seller could contract today for delivery or settlement at future dates. The Company bases its forward price curves upon market price quotations, when available, or internally developed and commercial models, with internal and external fundamental data inputs. Market price quotations are obtained from independent brokers, exchanges, direct communication with market participants and actual transactions executed by the Company. Market price quotations are generally readily obtainable for the applicable term of the Company's outstanding derivative contracts; therefore, the Company's forward price curves reflect observable market quotes. Market price quotations for certain electricity and natural gas trading hubs are not as readily obtainable due to the length of the contract. Given that limited market data exists for these contracts, as well as for those contracts that are not actively traded, the Company uses forward price curves derived from internal models based on perceived pricing relationships to major trading hubs that are based on unobservable inputs. The estimated fair value of these derivative contracts is a function of underlying forward commodity prices, interest rates, currency rates, related volatility, counterparty creditworthiness and duration of contracts.

The Company's mortgage loans held for sale are valued based on independent quoted market prices, where available, or the prices of other mortgage whole loans with similar characteristics. As necessary, these prices are adjusted for typical securitization activities, including servicing value, portfolio composition, market conditions and liquidity.

The Company's investments in money market mutual funds and debt and equity securities are stated at fair value. When available, a readily observable quoted market price or net asset value of an identical security in an active market is used to record the fair value. In the absence of a quoted market price or net asset value of an identical security, the fair value is determined using pricing models or net asset values based on observable market inputs and quoted market prices of securities with similar characteristics.



The following table reconciles the beginning and ending balances of the Company's assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant Level 3 inputs (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
  Interest  Interest   Interest
Commodity RateCommodity Rate Commodity Rate
Derivatives DerivativesDerivatives Derivatives Derivatives Derivatives
2019:          
Beginning balance$99
 $10
$86
 $18
 $99
 $10
Changes included in earnings(3) 53
8
 94
 5
 147
Changes in fair value recognized in OCI(1) 
 (1) 
Changes in fair value recognized in net regulatory assets(11) 
(12) 
 (23) 
Purchases1
 
3
 
 4
 
Settlements
 (45)2
 (89) 2
 (134)
Ending balance$86
 $18
$86
 $23
 $86
 $23
2018:          
Beginning balance$94
 $9
$81
 $16
 $94
 $9
Changes included in earnings
 30
4
 56
 4
 86
Changes in fair value recognized in OCI(1) 
1
 
 
 
Changes in fair value recognized in net regulatory assets(9) 
(5) 
 (14) 
Purchases1
 

 
 1
 
Settlements(4) (23)2
 (55) (2) (78)
Ending balance$81
 $16
$83
 $17
 $83
 $17

The Company's long-term debt is carried at cost on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fair value of the Company's long-term debt is a Level 2 fair value measurement and has been estimated based upon quoted market prices, where available, or at the present value of future cash flows discounted at rates consistent with comparable maturities with similar credit risks. The carrying value of the Company's variable-rate long-term debt approximates fair value because of the frequent repricing of these instruments at market rates. The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of the Company's long-term debt (in millions):
 As of March 31, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
 Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
 Value Value Value Value
        
Long-term debt$37,916
 $42,154
 $36,250
 $38,874
 As of June 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
 Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
 Value Value Value Value
        
Long-term debt$38,096
 $43,822
 $36,250
 $38,874

(10)
Commitments and Contingencies

Construction Commitments

During the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2019, PacifiCorp entered into non-cancelable agreements through 2020 totaling $486 million related to repowering and development of certain existing and new wind facilities in Wyoming and Washington.

Easements

During the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2019, PacifiCorp and MidAmerican Energy entered into non-cancelable easements with minimum payments totaling $197$392 million through 2059 for land in Iowa, Wyoming and Montana, on which some of its wind-powered generating facilities will be located.



Maintenance and Service Contracts

During the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2019, PacifiCorp and MidAmerican Energy entered into non-cancelable maintenance and service contracts related to wind-powered generating facilities with minimum payment commitments totaling $301$474 million through 2029.2030.

BHE Renewables' Counterparty Risk

On January 29, 2019, PG&E Corporation and Pacific Gas and Electric Company (the "PG&E Utility") (together "PG&E") filed voluntary petitions for relief under chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Northern District of California ("PG&E Bankruptcy Filing"). The Company owns 100% of Topaz Solar Farm LLC ("Topaz") and owns a 49% interest in Agua Caliente Solar, LLC ("Agua Caliente"). Topaz is a 550-MW solar photovoltaic electric power generating facility located in California. Topaz sells 100% of its energy, capacity and renewable energy credits generated from the facility to PG&E Utility under a 25-year wholesale PPA that is in effect until October 2039. As of March 31,June 30, 2019, the Company's consolidated balance sheet includes $1.1 billion of property, plant and equipment, net and $0.9 billion of non-recourse project debt related to Topaz. Agua Caliente is a 290-MW solar photovoltaic electric power generating facility located in Arizona. Agua Caliente sells 100% of its energy, capacity and renewable energy credits generated from the facility to PG&E Utility under a 25-year wholesale PPA that is in effect until June 2039. As of March 31,June 30, 2019, the Company's equity investment in Agua Caliente totals $47$56 million and the project has $0.8 billion of non-recourse project debt owed to the United States Department of Energy. The PG&E Bankruptcy Filing is an event of default under the Topaz PPA ("PPA Default"). PG&E paid in full the invoices for December deliveries and all amounts invoiced to date for post-petition energy deliveries for both Topaz and Agua Caliente in 2019. PG&E has not paid for the power delivered from January 1 through January 28, 2019. The Company continues to perform on its obligations and deliver renewable energy to the PG&E Utility, and PG&E has publicly stated it will pay suppliers in full under normal terms for post-petition goods and services received. The Company maintains that, in light of the current facts and circumstances, the PPA Default could not reasonably be expected to result in a material adverse effect under the Topaz indenture and, therefore, no default has occurred under the Topaz indenture. In July 2019, California Governor Gavin Newsom signed California Assembly Bill 1054 ("AB 1054") into law. AB 1054 is comprehensive legislation addressing wildfire risk in the state of California that, among other items, authorizes a wildfire fund which would operate as an insurance fund to support the creditworthiness of electrical utilities, if certain utilities, including PG&E, participate by making the required contributions, among other things. In July 2019, PG&E notified the California Public Utilities Commission of its intent to participate in the insurance fund and such participation requires, among other items, PG&E to exit bankruptcy by June 30, 2020. The Company believes it is more likely than not that no impairment exists and current debt obligations will be met, as post-petition contractual revenue payments are expected to be paid by PG&E Utility to the Topaz and Agua Caliente projects. The Company will continue to monitor the situation, including continued receipt of future PG&E payments and the future risk of the PPAs being rejected or modified through the bankruptcy process.

Legal Matters

The Company is party to a variety of legal actions arising out of the normal course of business. Plaintiffs occasionally seek punitive or exemplary damages. The Company does not believe that such normal and routine litigation will have a material impact on its consolidated financial results. The Company is also involved in other kinds of legal actions, some of which assert or may assert claims or seek to impose fines, penalties and other costs in substantial amounts and are described below.

Environmental Laws and Regulations

The Company is subject to federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations regarding climate change, renewable portfolio standards, air and water quality, emissions performance standards, coal combustion byproduct disposal, hazardous and solid waste disposal, protected species and other environmental matters that have the potential to impact the Company's current and future operations. The Company believes it is in material compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.    



Hydroelectric Relicensing

PacifiCorp is a party to the 2016 amended Klamath Hydroelectric Settlement Agreement ("KHSA"), which is intended to resolve disputes surrounding PacifiCorp's efforts to relicense the Klamath Hydroelectric Project. The KHSA does not guarantee dam removal. Instead, it establishes a process for PacifiCorp, the states of Oregon and California ("States") and other stakeholders to assess whether dam removal can occur consistent with the settlement's terms. For PacifiCorp, the key elements of the settlement include: (1) a contribution from PacifiCorp's Oregon and California customers capped at $200 million plus $250 million in California bond funds; (2) complete indemnification from harms associated with dam removal; (3) transfer of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ("FERC") license to a third-party dam removal entity, the Klamath River Renewal Corporation ("KRRC"), who would conduct dam removal; and (4) PacifiCorp can operate the facilities for the benefit of customers until dam removal commences.



In September 2016, the KRRC and PacifiCorp filed a joint application with the FERC to transfer the license for the four main-stem Klamath dams from PacifiCorp to the KRRC. Over the past two years, the KRRC has been supplementing the application with additional information about its financial, technical and legal capacity to become the licensee. TheIn July 2019, the KRRC is expected to provideprovided the FERC on July 29, 2019, with additional information about its financial capacity to become a licensee, including updated cost estimates, and its insurance, bonding and liability transfer package. Based on thatThe FERC is evaluating the KRRC's information the FERC should be in a position to determine whether license transfer to the KRRC is in the public interest. That information should also allow PacifiCorp and the Statesproposed license transfer. The KRRC will continue to assess whetherrefine its insurance, bonding and liability transfer package, and PacifiCorp will review the KRRC has the abilityKRRC's capacity to satisfyfulfill its indemnification obligationsindemnity obligation under the KHSA, and whether there is sufficient funding available under the settlement.KHSA. If certain conditions in the amended KHSA are not satisfied (e.g., inadequate funding or inability of KRRC to satisfy its indemnification obligation) and the license does not transfer to the KRRC, PacifiCorp will resume relicensing with the FERC.

The United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit issued a decision in the Hoopa Valley Tribe v. FERC litigation, in January 2019, finding that the states of California and Oregon have waived their Clean Water Act, Section 401, water quality certification authority over the Klamath hydroelectric project relicensing. This decision has the potential to limit the ability of the States to impose water quality conditions on new and relicensed projects. Environmental interests, supported by California, Oregon and other states, asked the court to rehear the case, which was denied.

Guarantees

The Company has entered into guarantees as part of the normal course of business and the sale of certain assets. These guarantees are not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial results.



(11)
Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Energy Products and Services

The following table summarizes the Company's energy products and services revenue from contracts with customers ("Customer Revenue") by regulated energy and nonregulated energy, with further disaggregation of regulated energy by customer class and line of business, including a reconciliation to the Company's reportable segment information included in Note 14 (in millions):
 For the Three-Month Period Ended March 31, 2019 For the Three-Month Period Ended June 30, 2019
 PacifiCorp MidAmerican Funding NV Energy Northern Powergrid BHE Pipeline Group BHE Transmission BHE Renewables 
BHE and
Other(1)
 Total PacifiCorp MidAmerican Funding NV Energy Northern Powergrid BHE Pipeline Group BHE Transmission BHE Renewables 
BHE and
Other(1)
 Total
Customer Revenue:                                    
Regulated:                                    
Retail electric $1,186
 $443
 $527
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $2,156
 $1,107
 $467
 $658
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $2,232
Retail gas 
 260
 37
 
 
 
 
 
 297
 
 95
 21
 
 
 
 
 
 116
Wholesale 28
 110
 18
 
 
 
 
 
 156
 11
 66
 10
 
 
 
 
 (1) 86
Transmission and
distribution
 25
 16
 24
 230
 
 167
 
 
 462
 25
 15
 24
 209
 
 168
 
 
 441
Interstate pipeline 
 
 
 
 372
 
 
 (37) 335
 
 
 
 
 212
 
 
 (24) 188
Other 
 
 1
 
 
 
 
 
 1
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Regulated 1,239
 829
 607
 230
 372
 167
 
 (37) 3,407
 1,143
 643
 713
 209
 212
 168
 
 (25) 3,063
Nonregulated 
 6
 
 8
 
 1
 126
 139
 280
 
 10
 
 10
 
 7
 197
 142
 366
Total Customer Revenue 1,239
 835
 607
 238
 372
 168
 126
 102
 3,687
 1,143
 653
 713
 219
 212
 175
 197
 117
 3,429
Other revenue(2)
 20
 7
 7
 25
 (1) 
 41
 39
 138
 24
 7
 8
 24
 
 
 52
 23
 138
Total $1,259
 $842
 $614
 $263
 $371
 $168
 $167
 $141
 $3,825
 $1,167
 $660
 $721
 $243
 $212
 $175
 $249
 $140
 $3,567
  For the Six-Month Period Ended June 30, 2019
  PacifiCorp MidAmerican Funding NV Energy Northern Powergrid BHE Pipeline Group BHE Transmission BHE Renewables 
BHE and
Other(1)
 Total
Customer Revenue:                  
Regulated:                  
Retail electric $2,293
 $910
 $1,185
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $4,388
Retail gas 
 355
 58
 
 
 
 
 
 413
Wholesale 39
 176
 28
 
 
 
 
 (1) 242
Transmission and
   distribution
 50
 31
 48
 439
 
 335
 
 
 903
Interstate pipeline 
 
 
 
 584
 
 
 (61) 523
Other 
 
 1
 
 
 
 
 
 1
Total Regulated 2,382
 1,472
 1,320
 439
 584
 335
 
 (62) 6,470
Nonregulated 
 16
 
 18
 
 8
 323
 281
 646
Total Customer Revenue 2,382
 1,488
 1,320
 457
 584
 343
 323
 219
 7,116
Other revenue(2)
 44
 14
 15
 49
 (1) 
 93
 62
 276
Total $2,426
 $1,502
 $1,335
 $506
 $583
 $343
 $416
 $281
 $7,392


 For the Three-Month Period Ended March 31, 2018 For the Three-Month Period Ended June 30, 2018
 PacifiCorp MidAmerican Funding NV Energy Northern Powergrid BHE Pipeline Group BHE Transmission BHE Renewables 
BHE and
Other(1)
 Total PacifiCorp MidAmerican Funding NV Energy Northern Powergrid BHE Pipeline Group BHE Transmission BHE Renewables 
BHE and
Other(1)
 Total
Customer Revenue:                                    
Regulated:                                    
Retail electric $1,096
 $386
 $539
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $2,021
 $1,115
 $505
 $691
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $2,311
Retail gas 
 246
 40
 
 
 
 
 
 286
 
 99
 19
 
 
 
 
 
 118
Wholesale 22
 93
 11
 
 
 
 
 (1) 125
 9
 87
 6
 
 
 
 
 (1) 101
Transmission and
distribution
 22
 16
 20
 249
 
 180
 
 
 487
 30
 14
 25
 216
 
 174
 
 
 459
Interstate pipeline 
 
 
 
 374
 
 
 (41) 333
 
 
 
 
 236
 
 
 (25) 211
Other 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1
 
 
 
 
 
 1
Total Regulated 1,140
 741
 610
 249
 374
 180
 
 (42) 3,252
 1,154
 705
 742
 216
 236
 174
 
 (26) 3,201
Nonregulated 
 
 
 11
 
 
 117
 144
 272
 
 5
 1
 10
 
 3
 186
 158
 363
Total Customer Revenue 1,140
 741
 610
 260
 374
 180
 117
 102
 3,524
 1,154
 710
 743
 226
 236
 177
 186
 132
 3,564
Other revenue 44
 6
 7
 18
 2
 
 37
 41
 155
 39
 8
 7
 20
 
 
 60
 22
 156
Total $1,184
 $747
 $617
 $278
 $376
 $180
 $154
 $143
 $3,679
 $1,193
 $718
 $750
 $246
 $236
 $177
 $246
 $154
 $3,720
  For the Six-Month Period Ended June 30, 2018
  PacifiCorp MidAmerican Funding NV Energy Northern Powergrid BHE Pipeline Group BHE Transmission BHE Renewables 
BHE and
Other(1)
 Total
Customer Revenue:                  
Regulated:                  
Retail electric $2,211
 $891
 $1,230
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $4,332
Retail gas 
 345
 59
 
 
 
 
 
 404
Wholesale 31
 180
 17
 
 
 
 
 (2) 226
Transmission and
   distribution
 52
 30
 45
 465
 
 354
 
 
 946
Interstate pipeline 
 
 
 
 610
 
 
 (66) 544
Other 
 
 1
 
 
 
 
 
 1
Total Regulated 2,294
 1,446
 1,352
 465
 610
 354
 
 (68) 6,453
Nonregulated 
 5
 1
 21
 
 3
 303
 302
 635
Total Customer Revenue 2,294
 1,451
 1,353
 486
 610
 357
 303
 234
 7,088
Other revenue 83
 14
 14
 38
 2
 
 97
 63
 311
Total $2,377
 $1,465
 $1,367
 $524
 $612
 $357
 $400
 $297
 $7,399

(1)The BHE and Other reportable segment represents amounts related principally to other entities, corporate functions and intersegment eliminations.
(2)Includes net payments to counterparties for the financial settlement of certain derivative contracts at BHE Pipeline Group.

Real Estate Services

The following table summarizes the Company's real estate services Customer Revenue by line of business (in millions):

HomeServicesHomeServices
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
Customer Revenue:          
Brokerage$711
 $685
$1,204
 $1,168
 $1,915
 $1,853
Franchise14
 15
19
 19
 33
 34
Total Customer Revenue725
 700
1,223
 1,187
 1,948
 1,887
Other revenue60
 61
104
 86
 164
 147
Total$785
 $761
$1,327
 $1,273
 $2,112
 $2,034



Remaining Performance Obligations

The following table summarizes the Company's revenue it expects to recognize in future periods related to significant unsatisfied remaining performance obligations for fixed contracts with expected durations in excess of one year as of March 31,June 30, 2019, by reportable segment (in millions):
 Performance obligations expected to be satisfied:  
 Less than 12 months More than 12 months Total
BHE Pipeline Group$918
 $5,796
 $6,714
 Performance obligations expected to be satisfied:  
 Less than 12 months More than 12 months Total
BHE Pipeline Group$935
 $5,411
 $6,346

(12)
BHE Shareholders' Equity

For the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, BHE repurchased from certain family interests of Mr. Walter Scott, Jr. 447,712 shares of its common stock for $293 million and 149,281 shares of its common stock for $90 million, respectively.



(13)
Components of Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net

The following table shows the change in AOCI attributable to BHE shareholders by each component of OCI, net of applicable income tax (in millions):
 Unrecognized Foreign Unrealized Unrealized AOCI Unrecognized Foreign Unrealized Unrealized AOCI
 Amounts on Currency Gains on Gains (Losses) Attributable Amounts on Currency Gains on Gains (Losses) Attributable
 Retirement Translation Marketable on Cash To BHE Retirement Translation Marketable on Cash To BHE
 Benefits Adjustment Securities Flow Hedges Shareholders, Net Benefits Adjustment Securities Flow Hedges Shareholders, Net
                    
Balance, December 31, 2017 $(383) $(1,129) $1,085
 $29
 $(398) $(383) $(1,129) $1,085
 $29
 $(398)
Adoption of ASU 2016-01 
 
 (1,085) 
 (1,085) 
 
 (1,085) 
 (1,085)
Other comprehensive (loss) income (3) 73
 
 (2) 68
 51
 (234) 
 1
 (182)
Balance, March 31, 2018 $(386) $(1,056) $
 $27
 $(1,415)
Balance, June 30, 2018 $(332) $(1,363) $
 $30
 $(1,665)
                    
Balance, December 31, 2018 $(358) $(1,623) $
 $36
 $(1,945) $(358) $(1,623) $
 $36
 $(1,945)
Other comprehensive (loss) income (32) 155
 
 (8) 115
 (14) 106
 
 (35) 57
Balance, March 31, 2019 $(390) $(1,468) $
 $28
 $(1,830)
Balance, June 30, 2019 $(372) $(1,517) $
 $1
 $(1,888)



(14)
Segment Information

The Company's reportable segments with foreign operations include Northern Powergrid, whose business is principally in the United Kingdom, BHE Transmission, whose business includes operations in Canada, and BHE Renewables, whose business includes operations in the Philippines. Intersegment eliminations and adjustments, including the allocation of goodwill, have been made. Information related to the Company's reportable segments is shown below (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
Operating revenue:          
PacifiCorp$1,259
 $1,184
$1,167
 $1,193
 $2,426
 $2,377
MidAmerican Funding842
 747
660
 718
 1,502
 1,465
NV Energy614
 617
721
 750
 1,335
 1,367
Northern Powergrid263
 278
243
 246
 506
 524
BHE Pipeline Group371
 376
212
 236
 583
 612
BHE Transmission168
 180
175
 177
 343
 357
BHE Renewables167
 154
249
 246
 416
 400
HomeServices785
 761
1,327
 1,273
 2,112
 2,034
BHE and Other(1)
141
 143
140
 154
 281
 297
Total operating revenue$4,610
 $4,440
$4,894
 $4,993
 $9,504
 $9,433
Depreciation and amortization:       
PacifiCorp$209
 $197
 $414
 $399
MidAmerican Funding179
 208
 356
 366
NV Energy120
 114
 240
 227
Northern Powergrid63
 64
 126
 127
BHE Pipeline Group29
 30
 57
 72
BHE Transmission60
 61
 118
 123
BHE Renewables69
 66
 139
 130
HomeServices11
 11
 24
 23
BHE and Other(1)
(1) (1) (2) (1)
Total depreciation and amortization$739
 $750
 $1,472
 $1,466



Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
Depreciation and amortization:   
Operating income:       
PacifiCorp$205
 $202
$268
 $284
 $552
 $531
MidAmerican Funding177
 158
94
 87
 210
 166
NV Energy120
 113
150
 144
 234
 233
Northern Powergrid63
 63
110
 111
 239
 258
BHE Pipeline Group28
 42
68
 57
 311
 283
BHE Transmission58
 62
77
 81
 153
 162
BHE Renewables70
 64
97
 104
 115
 132
HomeServices13
 12
117
 108
 96
 100
BHE and Other(1)
(1) 
(22) (4) (32) (22)
Total depreciation and amortization$733
 $716
Total operating income959

972
 1,878

1,843
Interest expense(476) (461) (953) (927)
Capitalized interest17
 15
 33
 27
Allowance for equity funds38
 24
 70
 45
Interest and dividend income36
 32
 66
 58
Gains (losses) on marketable securities, net6
 (387) (62) (596)
Other, net30
 1
 65
 31
Total income before income tax expense and equity income$610

$196
 $1,097

$481
Operating income:   
Interest expense:       
PacifiCorp$284
 $247
$102
 $96
 $198
 $192
MidAmerican Funding116
 79
74
 61
 149
 124
NV Energy84
 89
56
 59
 118
 117
Northern Powergrid129
 147
35
 36
 69
 73
BHE Pipeline Group243
 226
12
 10
 24
 20
BHE Transmission76
 81
39
 42
 78
 85
BHE Renewables18
 28
44
 49
 88
 101
HomeServices(21) (8)7
 6
 14
 10
BHE and Other(1)
(10) (18)107
 102
 215
 205
Total operating income919

871
Interest expense(477) (466)
Capitalized interest16
 12
Allowance for equity funds32
 21
Interest and dividend income30
 26
Losses on marketable securities, net(68) (209)
Other, net35
 30
Total income before income tax expense and equity income$487

$285
Total interest expense$476
 $461
 $953

$927
Interest expense:   
PacifiCorp$96
 $96
MidAmerican Funding75
 63
NV Energy62
 58
Northern Powergrid34
 37
BHE Pipeline Group12
 10
BHE Transmission39
 43
BHE Renewables44
 52
HomeServices7
 4
BHE and Other(1)
108
 103
Total interest expense$477
 $466
Operating revenue by country:       
United States$4,476
 $4,570
 $8,653
 $8,548
United Kingdom242
 245
 505
 522
Canada175
 177
 343
 357
Philippines and other1
 1
 3
 6
Total operating revenue by country$4,894
 $4,993
 $9,504
 $9,433
Income before income tax benefit and equity income (loss) by country:       
United States$482
 $93
 $818
 $211
United Kingdom76
 49
 179
 161
Canada39
 41
 79
 82
Philippines and other13
 13
 21
 27
Total income before income tax benefit and equity income (loss) by country$610
 $196
 $1,097
 $481



 Three-Month Periods
 Ended March 31,
 2019 2018
Operating revenue by country:   
United States$4,177
 $3,978
United Kingdom263
 277
Canada168
 180
Philippines and other2
 5
Total operating revenue by country$4,610
 $4,440
Income before income tax expense and equity income by country:   
United States$336
 $118
United Kingdom103
 112
Canada40
 41
Philippines and other8
 14
Total income before income tax expense and equity income by country$487
 $285

As ofAs of
March 31, December 31,June 30, December 31,
2019 20182019 2018
Assets:      
PacifiCorp$24,211
 $23,478
$24,528
 $23,478
MidAmerican Funding20,845
 20,029
21,140
 20,029
NV Energy14,105
 14,119
14,189
 14,119
Northern Powergrid7,626
 7,427
7,587
 7,427
BHE Pipeline Group5,579
 5,511
5,627
 5,511
BHE Transmission8,567
 8,424
8,720
 8,424
BHE Renewables8,654
 8,666
8,942
 8,666
HomeServices3,427
 2,797
4,056
 2,797
BHE and Other(1)
1,531
 1,738
1,353
 1,738
Total assets$94,545
 $92,189
$96,142
 $92,189

(1)The differences between the reportable segment amounts and the consolidated amounts, described as BHE and Other, relate principally to other entities, corporate functions and intersegment eliminations.

The following table shows the change in the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment for the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2019 (in millions):
        BHE Pipeline Group                BHE Pipeline Group        
PacifiCorp MidAmerican Funding NV Energy Northern Powergrid BHE Transmission BHE Renewables HomeServices  PacifiCorp MidAmerican Funding NV Energy Northern Powergrid BHE Transmission BHE Renewables HomeServices  
 TotalBHE Pipeline Group TotalBHE Pipeline Group
                                
December 31, 2018$1,129
 $2,102
 $2,369
 $952
 $73
 $1,448
 $95
 $1,427
 $1,129
 $2,102
 $2,369
 $952
 $73
 $1,448
 $95
 $1,427
 
Acquisitions
 
 
 
 
 
 
 23
 23

 
 
 
 
 
 
 23
 23
Foreign currency translation
 
 
 14
 
 31
 
 
 45

 
 
 (3) 
 60
 
 
 57
March 31, 2019$1,129
 $2,102
 $2,369
 $966
 $73
 $1,479
 $95
 $1,450
 $9,663
June 30, 2019$1,129
 $2,102
 $2,369
 $949
 $73
 $1,508
 $95
 $1,450
 $9,675


Item 2.Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is management's discussion and analysis of certain significant factors that have affected the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of the Company during the periods included herein. Explanations include management's best estimate of the impact of weather, customer growth and other factors. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the Company's historical unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. The Company's actual results in the future could differ significantly from the historical results.

The Company's operations are organized as eight business segments: PacifiCorp, MidAmerican Funding (which primarily consists of MidAmerican Energy), NV Energy (which primarily consists of Nevada Power and Sierra Pacific), Northern Powergrid (which primarily consists of Northern Powergrid (Northeast) Limited and Northern Powergrid (Yorkshire) plc), BHE Pipeline Group (which consists of Northern Natural Gas and Kern River), BHE Transmission (which consists of BHE Canada (which primarily consists of AltaLink) and BHE U.S. Transmission), BHE Renewables and HomeServices. BHE, through these locally managed and operated businesses, owns four utility companies in the United States serving customers in 11 states, two electricity distribution companies in Great Britain, two interstate natural gas pipeline companies in the United States, an electric transmission business in Canada, interests in electric transmission businesses in the United States, a renewable energy business primarily investing in wind, solar, geothermal and hydroelectric projects, the largest residential real estate brokerage firm in the United States and one of the largest residential real estate brokerage franchise networks in the United States. The reportable segment financial information includes all necessary adjustments and eliminations needed to conform to the Company's significant accounting policies. The differences between the reportable segment amounts and the consolidated amounts, described as BHE and Other, relate principally to other entities, corporate functions and intersegment eliminations.

Results of Operations for the Second Quarter and First QuarterSix Months of 2019 and 2018

Overview

Net income for the Company's reportable segments is summarized as follows (in millions):
 First Quarter
 2019 2018 Change
Net income attributable to BHE shareholders:       
PacifiCorp$180
 $148
 $32
 22 %
MidAmerican Funding190
 103
 87
 84
NV Energy29
 33
 (4) (12)
Northern Powergrid80
 84
 (4) (5)
BHE Pipeline Group181
 167
 14
 8
BHE Transmission56
 56
 
 
BHE Renewables48
 54
 (6) (11)
HomeServices(22) (10) (12) *
BHE and Other(120) (122) 2
 2
Total net income attributable to BHE shareholders$622
 $513
 $109
 21

*    Not meaningful
 Second Quarter First Six Months
 2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
Net income attributable to BHE shareholders:               
PacifiCorp$168
 $185
 $(17) (9)% $348
 $333
 $15
 5 %
MidAmerican Funding153
 103
 50
 49
 343
 206
 137
 67
NV Energy81
 77
 4
 5
 110
 110
 
 
Northern Powergrid64
 41
 23
 56
 144
 125
 19
 15
BHE Pipeline Group48
 40
 8
 20
 229
 207
 22
 11
BHE Transmission51
 53
 (2) (4) 107
 109
 (2) (2)
BHE Renewables120
 111
 9
 8
 168
 165
 3
 2
HomeServices90
 77
 13
 17
 68
 67
 1
 1
BHE and Other(91) (315) 224
 71
 (211) (437) 226
 52
Total net income attributable to BHE shareholders$684
 $372
 $312
 84
 $1,306
 $885
 $421
 48

Net income attributable to BHE shareholders increased $109$312 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018. The second quarter of 2019 included a pre-tax unrealized gain of $2 million ($2 million after-tax) compared to a pre-tax unrealized loss in the second quarter of 2018 of $391 million ($283 million after-tax), respectively, on the Company's investment in BYD Company Limited. Excluding the impact of this item, adjusted net income attributable to BHE shareholders for the second quarter of 2019 was $682 million, an increase of $27 million, or 4%, compared to adjusted net income attributable to BHE shareholders in the second quarter of 2018 of $655 million.

Net income attributable to BHE shareholders increased $421 million for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018. The first six months of 2019 and 2018 included a pre-tax unrealized loss of $79$77 million ($5856 million after-tax) and $207$598 million ($149432 million after-tax), respectively, on the Company's investment in BYD Company Limited. Excluding the impact of this item, adjusted net income attributable to BHE shareholders for the first quartersix months of 2019 was $680$1,362 million, an increase of $18$45 million, or 3%, compared to adjusted net income attributable to BHE shareholders in the first quartersix months of 2018 of $662$1,317 million.



In 2018, the Domestic Regulated Businesses began passing the benefits of lower income tax expense related to 2017 Tax Reform to customers through various regulatory mechanisms, including lower retail rates, higher depreciation expense and reductions to rate base. The increase in net income attributable to BHE shareholders for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 was due to the following:
PacifiCorp's net income decreased $17 million primarily due to higher depreciation and amortization expense of $12 million, higher income tax expense of $11 million, lower utility margin of $8 million and higher interest expense of $6 million, partially offset by higher allowances for equity and borrowed funds of $12 million and lower operations and maintenance expense of $6 million. Utility margin decreased primarily due to lower retail and wholesale customer volumes, partially offset by lower coal costs and higher average retail rates. Retail customer volumes decreased 1.6% primarily due to the unfavorable impact of weather and lower customer usage, partially offset by an increase in the average number of customers.
MidAmerican Funding's net income increased $50 million primarily due to higher income tax benefit of $52 million driven by a $44 million increase in recognized production tax credits, $26 million of which was due to a change in the method of interim recognition, lower depreciation and amortization expense of $29 million and higher allowances for equity and borrowed funds of $7 million, partially offset by lower electric utility margin of $24 million and higher interest expense of $13 million. Electric utility margin decreased due to lower retail customer volumes, lower average retail rates, lower wholesale revenue and lower recoveries through bill riders, partially offset by lower generation and purchased power costs. Electric retail customer volumes decreased 3.7% primarily from lower residential and commercial volumes due to the unfavorable impact of weather, partially offset by higher industrial volumes of 4.6%.
NV Energy's net income increased $4 million primarily due to lower operations and maintenance expense of $34 million, partially offset by lower electric utility margin of $19 million, higher depreciation and amortization expense of $7 million and higher income tax expense of $4 million. Electric utility margin decreased primarily due to lower retail customer volumes, partially offset by an increase in the average number of customers and higher wholesale revenue. Electric retail customer volumes decreased 3.9% primarily due to the impacts of weather, net of increased distribution only service customer volumes.
Northern Powergrid's net income increased $23 million primarily due to lower overall pension expense of $29 million, largely resulting from pension settlement losses recognized in 2018 due to higher lump sum payments, partially offset by the stronger United States dollar of $3 million. A pension settlement loss is expected to occur in the third quarter of 2019.
BHE Pipeline Group's net income increased $8 million primarily due to higher transportation revenue of $22 million and $9 million of favorable margin on system balancing activities at Northern Natural Gas, partially offset by higher operations and maintenance expense of $14 million primarily from increased asset modernization and pipeline integrity projects and higher depreciation and amortization expense, net of the impact of period two rates at Kern River.
BHE Transmission's net income decreased $2 million primarily due to the unfavorable impact of a reduction in the Alberta provincial corporate income tax rate from the remeasurement of nonregulated deferred tax assets, partially offset by higher equity earnings at Electric Transmission Texas, LLC.
BHE Renewables' net income increased $9 million primarily due to higher wind earnings of $9 million and higher geothermal earnings of $8 million from higher generation, partially offset by unfavorable solar earnings of $6 million from lower insolation. Wind earnings were favorable primarily due to improved tax equity investment earnings of $7 million, a favorable change in the valuation of a power purchase agreement of $7 million and earnings from new projects of $6 million, partially offset by lower earnings on existing projects of $6 million and unfavorable changes in the valuation of interest rate swap derivatives of $5 million. Tax equity investment earnings were favorable primarily due to $9 million of earnings from projects reaching commercial operation and $8 million of higher commitment fee income, partially offset by $9 million of lower earnings from existing projects primarily due to derates caused by turbine blade repairs.
HomeServices' net income increased $13 million primarily due to higher earnings at existing mortgage businesses of $10 million and net income from acquired businesses of $6 million, partially offset by $11 million of lower earnings at existing brokerage businesses largely from lower closed units and margins.
BHE and Other's net loss improved $224 million primarily due to the change in the after-tax unrealized position of the Company's investment in BYD Company Limited of $285 million, partially offset by $33 million of lower federal income tax credits recognized on a consolidated basis, $20 million of income tax benefits recognized in 2018 related to the accrued repatriation tax on undistributed foreign earnings and lower margins at MidAmerican Energy Services, LLC.



The increase in net income attributable to BHE shareholders for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 was due to the following:
PacifiCorp's net income increased $32$15 million primarily due to higher utility margin of $43$35 million, higher allowances for equity and borrowed funds of $22 million and higher allowances for borrowedinterest and equity funds used during constructiondividend income of $10$6 million, partially offset by higher operations and maintenanceincome tax expense of $6$28 million, and higher depreciation and amortization expense of $3$15 million and higher interest expense of $6 million. Utility margin increased primarily due to higher retail customer volumes, higher average retail rates and higher net deferrals of incurred net power costs in accordance with established adjustment mechanisms, partially offset by lower wholesale customer volumes and higher natural gas and coal costs and lower wholesale revenue.costs. Retail customer volumes increased 4.3%1.4% primarily due to the favorable impact of weather, an increase in the average number of customers and higher customer usage.the favorable impact of weather.
MidAmerican Funding's net income increased $87$137 million primarily due to higher electric utility margin of $67 million, higher income tax benefit of $44$96 million driven by a $38an $82 million increase in recognized production tax credits, $30$56 million of which was due to a change in the method of interim recognition, higher electric utility margin of $43 million, higher allowances for equity and borrowed funds of $14 million, lower depreciation and amortization expense of $10 million and higher income from corporate-owned life insurance policies of $9 million, higher allowances for borrowed and equity funds of $7 million and higher natural gas utility margin of $6$8 million, partially offset by higher depreciationinterest expense of $25 million and amortization of $19 million, higher operations and maintenance expense of $17 million and higher interest expense of $12$14 million. Electric utility margin increased due to higher recoveries through bill riders, higher retail customer volumes, of 4.7%, primarily from industrial growthlower generation and the favorable impact of weather,purchased power costs and higher electric wholesale revenue, partially offset by lower average retail rates. Electric retail customer volumes increased 0.5% as an increase in industrial volumes of 4.6% was largely offset by lower residential and commercial volumes from the unfavorable impact of weather.
NV Energy's net income decreased $4 millionwas unchanged primarily due to lower operations and maintenance expense of $44 million, partially offset by lower electric utility margin of $7$26 million, higher depreciation and amortization expense of $13 million and higher income tax expense of $5 million. Electric utility margin decreased due to lower average retail rates from a tax rate reduction rider effective April 1, 2018 and the Nevada Power 2017 regulatory rate review effective February 1, 2018,lower retail customer volumes, partially offset by higher wholesale and transmission revenue and an increase in the average number of customers. Electric retail customer volumes and higher transmission revenue. Retail customer volumes increased 3.9%decreased 0.4% primarily due to the favorable impacts of weather.weather, net of increased distribution only service customer volumes.
Northern Powergrid's net income decreased $4increased $19 million primarily due to lower overall pension expense of $35 million, largely resulting from pension settlement losses recognized in 2018 due to higher distribution-related operating and depreciation expenses of $8 million andlump sum payments, partially offset by the stronger United States dollar of $5 million, partially offset by lower overall$9 million. A pension expensesettlement loss is expected to occur in the third quarter of $6 million and lower income tax expense of $5 million.2019.
BHE Pipeline Group's net income increased $14$22 million primarily due to higher transportation revenue of $20$53 million and $8 million of favorable margin on system balancing activities at Northern Natural Gas, partially offset by higher operations and maintenance expense of $3$18 million primarily from increased asset modernization and pipeline integrity projects and higher depreciation and amortization expense, net of the impact of period two rates at Kern River.
BHE Transmission's net income decreased $2 million primarily due to increased pipeline integrity projects.the unfavorable impact of a reduction in the Alberta provincial corporate income tax rate from the remeasurement of nonregulated deferred tax assets, partially offset by higher equity earnings at Electric Transmission Texas, LLC.
BHE Renewables' net income decreased $6increased $3 million primarily due to higher wind earnings of $15 million and higher geothermal earnings of $8 million due to higher generation and pricing, partially offset by higher operations and maintenance expense, partially offset by lower solar earnings of $9$15 million due to lower insolation and a settlement received in 2018 relateddue to Solar Star transformer issuesrelated outages in 2016 and lower hydro earnings at CalEnergy Philippines of $4$6 million primarily due to lower rainfall and a declining financial asset balance, partially offset by higher windbalance. Wind earnings were favorable primarily due to earnings from new projects of $23 million, a favorable change in the valuation of a power purchase agreement of $9 million and improved tax equity investment earnings of $6$3 million, due to new wind-powered generationpartially offset by lower earnings from tax equity investmentson existing projects of $4$10 million and unfavorable changes in the valuationsvaluation of interest rate swaps. Earnings from taxswap derivatives of $11 million. Tax equity investmentsinvestment earnings were unfavorablefavorable primarily due to $13$21 million of earnings from projects reaching commercial operation and $4 million of higher equity losses from existing tax equity investments and $5commitment fee income, partially offset by $21 million of lower commitment fee income from new tax equity investments, partially offset by $12 million of favorable earnings from tax equity investments reaching commercial operation.existing projects mainly due to derates caused by turbine blade repairs.
HomeServices' net lossincome increased $12$1 million primarily due to higher earnings at existing mortgage businesses of $10 million and net income of $7 million contributed from acquired businesses, largely offset by $19 million of lower earnings at existing brokerage businesses largelyprimarily from lower closed units partially offset by lower operating expenses.and margins.
BHE and Other's net loss decreased $2improved $226 million primarily due to the change in the after-tax unrealized position of the Company's investment in BYD Company Limited of $376 million, partially offset by $79 million of lower federal income tax credits recognized on a consolidated basis, $76 million of income tax benefits recognized in 2018 related to foreign earnings and the accrued repatriation tax on undistributed foreign earnings and lower federal income tax credits recognized on a consolidated basis and higher other operating expenses, partially offset by the change in the after-tax unrealized loss on the Company's investment in BYD Company Limited of $91 million and higher investment earnings.margins at MidAmerican Energy Services, LLC.



Reportable Segment Results

Operating revenue and operating income for the Company's reportable segments are summarized as follows (in millions):
First QuarterSecond Quarter First Six Months
2019 2018 Change2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
Operating revenue:                      
PacifiCorp$1,259
 $1,184
 $75
 6 %$1,167
 $1,193
 $(26) (2)% $2,426
 $2,377
 $49
 2 %
MidAmerican Funding842
 747
 95
 13
660
 718
 (58) (8) 1,502
 1,465
 37
 3
NV Energy614
 617
 (3) 
721
 750
 (29) (4) 1,335
 1,367
 (32) (2)
Northern Powergrid263
 278
 (15) (5)243
 246
 (3) (1) 506
 524
 (18) (3)
BHE Pipeline Group371
 376
 (5) (1)212
 236
 (24) (10) 583
 612
 (29) (5)
BHE Transmission168
 180
 (12) (7)175
 177
 (2) (1) 343
 357
 (14) (4)
BHE Renewables167
 154
 13
 8
249
 246
 3
 1
 416
 400
 16
 4
HomeServices785
 761
 24
 3
1,327
 1,273
 54
 4
 2,112
 2,034
 78
 4
BHE and Other141
 143
 (2) (1)140
 154
 (14) (9) 281
 297
 (16) (5)
Total operating revenue$4,610
 $4,440
 $170
 4
$4,894
 $4,993
 $(99) (2) $9,504
 $9,433
 $71
 1
 
Operating income:                      
PacifiCorp$284
 $247
 $37
 15 %$268
 $284
 $(16) (6)% $552
 $531
 $21
 4 %
MidAmerican Funding116
 79
 37
 47
94
 87
 7
 8
 210
 166
 44
 27
NV Energy84
 89
 (5) (6)150
 144
 6
 4
 234
 233
 1
 
Northern Powergrid129
 147
 (18) (12)110
 111
 (1) (1) 239
 258
 (19) (7)
BHE Pipeline Group243
 226
 17
 8
68
 57
 11
 19
 311
 283
 28
 10
BHE Transmission76
 81
 (5) (6)77
 81
 (4) (5) 153
 162
 (9) (6)
BHE Renewables18
 28
 (10) (36)97
 104
 (7) (7) 115
 132
 (17) (13)
HomeServices(21) (8) (13) *117
 108
 9
 8 96
 100
 (4) (4)
BHE and Other(10) (18) 8
 44(22) (4) (18) *
 (32) (22) (10) 45
Total operating income$919
 $871
 $48
 6
$959
 $972
 $(13) (1) $1,878
 $1,843
 $35
 2

*    Not meaningful

PacifiCorp

Operating revenue increased $75decreased $26 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 due to higher retail revenue of $95 million, partially offset by lower wholesale and other revenue of $20$14 million, primarily due to lower wholesale volumes, and average prices.lower retail revenue of $12 million. Retail revenue increaseddecreased due to higherlower customer volumes of $56$20 million, andpartially offset by higher average retail rates of $39$8 million due to lower net tax deferrals associated with the 2017 Tax Reform and product mix. Retail customer volumes increased 4.3%decreased 1.6% primarily due to the favorableunfavorable impact of weather on residential and commercial customers in Utah, lower residential usage in Oregon and Washington, lower irrigation usage in Utah and Idaho and lower industrial usage in Oregon and Idaho, partially offset by an increase in the average number of residential and commercial customers across the service territory, higher commercial usage in Oregon and Utah and higher industrial usage in Washington and Utah.

Operating income decreased $16 million for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher depreciation and amortization expense of $12 million and lower utility margin of $8 million, partially offset by lower operations and maintenance expense of $6 million. Utility margin decreased primarily due to lower retail and wholesale customer volumes, partially offset by lower coal costs and higher average retail rates.



Operating revenue increased $49 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 due to higher retail revenue of $83 million, partially offset by lower wholesale and other revenue of $34 million due to lower wholesale volumes. Retail revenue increased due to higher average retail rates of $48 million due to lower net tax deferrals associated with 2017 Tax Reform and product mix and $35 million from higher customer volumes. Retail customer volumes increased 1.4% primarily due to an increase in the average number of residential and commercial customers across the service territory, the favorable impact of weather on residential customers across the service territory except Utah, higher industrial usage in Wyoming and Washington, higher commercial usage in Oregon and higher residential and commercial usage in Utah, and higher commercial usage in Oregon, partially offset by lower industrial usage in Idaho and UtahOregon, lower residential usage in Oregon and Washington and lower commercialirrigation usage in WashingtonUtah and Idaho.

Operating income increased $37$21 million for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher utility margin of $43$35 million, partially offset by higher operations and maintenance expense of $6 million and higher depreciation and amortization expense of $3$15 million. Utility margin increased primarily due to higher retail customer volumes, higher average retail rates and higher net deferrals of incurred net power costs in accordance with established adjustment mechanisms, partially offset by lower wholesale customer volumes and higher natural gas and coal costs largely from higher volumes and lower wholesale revenue.


costs.

MidAmerican Funding

Operating revenue increased $95decreased $58 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower electric operating revenue of $51 million and lower natural gas operating revenue of $16 million, partially offset by higher other operating revenue of $9 million, primarily from nonregulated utility construction services. Electric operating revenue decreased due to lower retail revenue of $38 million and lower wholesale and other revenue of $13 million. Electric retail revenue decreased $29 million from the favorable impact of weather in 2018, $18 million from lower average rates due to sales mix and $8 million from lower recoveries through bill riders (substantially offset in cost of fuel and energy, operations and maintenance expense and income tax expense), primarily lower DSM program revenue, partially offset by $17 million of higher customer usage, primarily industrial. Electric retail customer volumes decreased 3.7% primarily from the unfavorable impact of weather as residential and commercial volumes declined, partially offset by higher industrial volumes of 4.6%. Electric wholesale and other revenue decreased due to lower average per-unit prices of $8 million and a 5.1% decrease in wholesale volumes. Natural gas operating revenue decreased primarily due to 11.9% lower retail sales volumes from the unfavorable impact of weather, lower DSM program revenue of $5 million and greater revenue reductions associated with 2017 Tax Reform.

Operating income increased $7 million for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower depreciation and amortization expense of $29 million and lower fossil-fueled generation costs of $8 million, partially offset by lower electric utility margin of $24 million, including the impact of a decrease in electric DSM program revenue of $8 million (offset in operations and maintenance expense), higher wind-powered generation costs of $7 million and higher electric and natural gas distribution costs of $5 million. The decrease in depreciation and amortization expense reflects lower Iowa revenue sharing of $48 million, partially offset by an increase related to new wind generation and other plant additions. Electric utility margin decreased due to lower retail customer volumes, lower average retail rates, lower wholesale revenue and lower recoveries through bill riders, partially offset by lower generation and purchased power costs.

Operating revenue increased $37 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 due to higher electric operating revenue of $73$22 million, higher other operating revenue of $11 million, primarily from nonregulated utility construction services, and higher natural gas operating revenue of $20$4 million. Electric operating revenue increased due to higher retail revenue of $55$17 million and higher wholesale and other revenue of $18$5 million. Electric retail revenue increased $38 million from higher customer usage, primarily industrial, and $30 million from higher recoveries through bill riders (substantially offset in cost of fuel and energy, operations and maintenance expense and income tax expense), $21 million from industrial growth and higher customer usage and $5 million from the impact of weather in 2019, partially offset by lower average rates of $9 million.$27 million due to sales mix and $24 million from the unfavorable impact of weather. The increase in recoveries through bill riderriders is substantially due to the energy adjustment clause and a favorable outcome in 2018 of the ratemaking treatment for the impact of 2017 Tax Reform.Reform, partially offset by a decrease in DSM program revenue. Electric retail customer volumes increased 4.7% primarily from0.5% as an increase in industrial growth andvolumes of 4.6% was largely offset by the favorableunfavorable impact of weather.weather as residential and commercial volumes declined. Electric wholesale and other revenue increased $18$14 million due to a 27.7%an 11.7% increase in wholesale volumes.volumes, partially offset by lower average per-unit prices. Natural gas operating revenue increased primarily due to 9.2%4.1% higher retail sales volumes from the favorable impact of weather in 2019, and industrial growth and a favorable outcome in 2018partially offset by lower DSM program revenue of the ratemaking treatment for 2017 Tax Reform.$6 million.



Operating income increased $37$44 million for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher electric utility margin of $67$43 million, including the impact of a decrease in electric DSM program revenue of $10 million (offset in operations and maintenance expense), lower depreciation and amortization expense of $10 million and higher natural gas utility marginlower fossil-fueled generation costs of $6$8 million, partially offset by higher wind-powered generation costs of $15 million and higher electric and natural gas distribution costs of $10 million. The decrease in depreciation and amortization expense reflects lower Iowa revenue sharing of $19$48 million, frompartially offset by an increase related to new wind generation and other plant additions and higher operations and maintenance expense of $17 million primarily due to increased wind-powered generation costs and higher emergency outage and tree-trimming costs.additions. Electric utility margin increased due to higher recoveries through bill riders, higher retail customer volumes, lower generation and purchased power costs and higher wholesale revenue, partially offset by lower average retail rates. Natural gas utility margin increased due to higher retail sales volumes and the favorable outcome in 2018 of the ratemaking treatment for 2017 Tax Reform.

NV Energy

Operating revenue decreased $3$29 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower electric operating revenue of $31 million, partially offset by higher natural gas operating revenue of $4 million, partially offset by higher electric operating revenue of $2 million. Natural gasElectric operating revenue decreased due to a lower average per-unit price (offset in costretail revenue of natural gas purchased for resale) of $7$35 million, partially offset by 14.9% higher customer volumes. Electric operating revenue increased due to higher wholesale and other revenue of $12 million, primarily due to increases in wholesale revenue of $7 million and transmission revenue of $3 million, partially offset by lower electric retail revenue of $10$4 million. Electric retail revenue decreased primarily due to the tax rate reduction rider effective April 1, 2018lower customer volumes of $17 million, lower rates from the Nevada Power 2017 regulatory rate review effective February 1, 2018 of $3$28 million and lower energy rates (offset in cost of fuel and energy) of $2$13 million, partially offset by higher customer volumesan increase in the average number of $10customers of $3 million. Electric retail customer volumes including distribution only service customers, increaseddecreased 3.9% compared to the first quarter of 2018 primarily due to the impacts of weather.weather, net of increased distribution only service customer volumes.

Operating income increased $6 million for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 due to lower operations and maintenance expense of $34 million primarily due to lower political activity expenses, partially offset by lower electric utility margin of $19 million and higher depreciation and amortization expense of $7 million. Electric utility margin decreased $5due to the lower operating revenue, partially offset by lower energy costs of $12 million. Energy costs decreased due to a lower average cost of fuel for generation of $6 million, lower net deferred power costs of $3 million and lower purchased power costs of $3 million.

Operating revenue decreased $32 million for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower electric operating revenue of $29 million and lower natural gas operating revenue of $2 million. Electric operating revenue decreased due to lower retail revenue of $45 million, partially offset by higher wholesale and other revenue of $16 million primarily due to increases in wholesale revenue of $11 million and transmission revenue of $3 million. Electric retail revenue decreased primarily due to lower retail customer volumes of $18 million, a decrease from the tax rate reduction rider effective April 1, 2018 of $17 million and lower energy rates (offset in cost of fuel and energy) of $15 million, partially offset by an increase in the average number of customers of $5 million. Electric retail customer volumes decreased 0.4% primarily due to the impacts of weather, net of increased distribution only service customer volumes.

Operating income increased $1 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 due to lower operations and maintenance expense of $44 million primarily due to lower political activity expenses, partially offset by lower electric utility margin of $7$26 million and higher depreciation and amortization expense of $13 million. Electric utility margin decreased as higherdue to the lower operating revenue, partially offset by lower energy costs of $9 million were offset by higher electric operating revenue of $2$3 million. Energy costs increaseddecreased due to lower net deferred power costs of $56 million, partially offset by a higher average cost of fuel for generation of $45$39 million and higher purchased power costs of $17 million, partially offset by lower net deferred power costs of $53$14 million.

Northern Powergrid

Operating revenue decreased $15$3 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to the stronger United States dollar of $18$14 million and lower distributed units of $13$3 million, partially offset by higher distribution tariff rates of $10 million and higher smart meter revenue of $5 million from increased smart meter asset additions. Operating income decreased $18$1 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to the stronger United States dollar of $9$6 million, higher distribution-related operations and maintenance expense and higher depreciation expense related to additional distribution network and smart meter investments.

Operating revenue decreased $18 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to the stronger United States dollar of $32 million and lower distributed units of $16 million, partially offset by higher distribution tariff rates of $20 million and higher smart meter revenue of $11 million from increased smart meter asset additions. Operating income decreased $19 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to the stronger United States dollar of $16 million, higher distribution-related operations and maintenance expense and higher depreciation expense related to additional distribution network and smart meter investments.



BHE Pipeline Group

Operating revenue decreased $5$24 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower transportation revenue at Kern River related to the impact of period two rates for the 2003 expansion group of $19 million (largely offset in depreciation and amortization) and lower gas sales of $14$40 million at Northern Natural Gas related to system balancing activities at Northern Natural Gas (largely offset in cost of sales), partially offset by higher transportation revenue of $20$16 million. Transportation revenue increased from generally higher volumes and rates, partially offset by the impact of period two rates at Kern River of $6 million at Northern Natural Gas.(largely offset in depreciation and amortization expense) and $3 million from refunds related to 2017 Tax Reform. Operating income increased $17$11 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to the higher transportation revenuerevenues of $22 million and favorable margins of $9 million on system balancing activities at Northern Natural Gas, partially offset by higher operations and maintenance expense of $3$14 million due to increased asset modernization and pipeline integrity projects.projects and higher depreciation and amortization expense, net of the impact of period two rates at Kern River.


Operating revenue decreased $29 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 due to lower gas sales of $53 million at Northern Natural Gas related to system balancing activities (largely offset in cost of sales), partially offset by higher transportation revenue of $27 million. Transportation revenue increased from generally higher volumes and rates, partially offset by the impact of period two rates of $26 million at Kern River (largely offset in depreciation and amortization expense) and $6 million from refunds related to 2017 Tax Reform. Operating income increased $28 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher transportation revenue of $53 million and favorable margins of $8 million on system balancing activities at Northern Natural Gas, partially offset by higher operations and maintenance expense of $18 million due to increased asset modernization and pipeline integrity projects and higher depreciation and amortization expense, net of the impact of period two rates at Kern River.

BHE Transmission

Operating revenue decreased $12$2 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to the stronger United States dollar of $9$6 million, and $4 millionpartially offset by higher cost recoveries from recovery of lower costs.other utilities for mutual assistance activities. Operating income decreased $5$4 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to the stronger United States dollardollar.

Operating revenue decreased $14 million and operating income decreased $9 million for the first six months of $4 million.2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to the stronger United States dollar.

BHE Renewables

Operating revenue increased $13$3 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher wind revenues of $17$9 million largely from new projects and higher geothermalnatural gas revenues of $6$5 million due to higher pricing,generation, partially offset by lower solar revenues of $7$10 million due to lower insolation and lower hydroinsolation. Wind revenues of $3 millionincreased primarily due to $8 million from new projects and a favorable change in the valuation of a power purchase agreement of $7 million, partially offset by lower rainfall.generation of $6 million at existing projects. Operating income decreased $10$7 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher costs related to new wind-powered generation of $12$10 million, partially offset by the higher operating revenue.

Operating revenue increased $16 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher wind revenues of $26 million, higher natural gas revenues of $6 million due to higher generation and higher geothermal revenues of $5 million due to higher pricing, partially offset by lower solar revenues of $17 million due to lower insolation and lower hydro revenues of $4 million due to lower rainfall. Wind revenues increased primarily due to $22 million from new projects and a favorable change in the valuation of a power purchase agreement of $9 million, partially offset by lower generation of $5 million at existing projects. Operating income decreased $17 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher costs related to new wind-powered generation of $22 million and higher geothermal maintenance costs of $6$8 million primarily due to the timing of overhauls, partially offset by the higher wind and geothermal revenues.operating revenue.

HomeServices

Operating revenue increased $24$54 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to an increase from acquired businesses of $80$88 million and higher mortgage revenue at existing businesses of $20 million, partially offset by lower brokerage revenue at existing businesses of $53 million largely from an 11%a 6% decrease in closed units. Operating lossincome increased $13$9 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower earningsan increase at existing mortgage businesses of $14 million primarily due to higher loan volume and an increase from acquired businesses of $6 million, partially offset by a decrease at existing brokerage businessescompanies of $13 million primarily from lower closed units and margins.



Operating revenue increased $78 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower closed units,an increase from acquired businesses of $162 million and higher mortgage revenue at existing businesses of $22 million, partially offset by lower operating expenses.brokerage revenue at existing businesses of $99 million largely from an 8% decrease in closed units. Operating income decreased $4 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 due to a decrease at existing brokerage companies of $25 million primarily from lower closed units and margins, partially offset by an increase at existing mortgage businesses of $16 million primarily due to higher loan volume and an increase from acquired businesses of $6 million.

BHE and Other

Operating revenue decreased $2$14 million for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 and $16 million for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower electricity volumes at MidAmerican Energy Services, LLC. Operating loss decreased $8increased $18 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 and $10 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 due to lower margins from unrealized mark to market losses on contracts and lower volumes at MidAmerican Energy Services, LLC, partially offset by lower other operating expenses.

Consolidated Other Income and Expense Items

Interest expense

Interest expense is summarized as follows (in millions):
First QuarterSecond Quarter First Six Months
2019 2018 Change2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
                      
Subsidiary debt$368
 $360
 $8
 2%$368
 $355
 $13
 4% $736
 $715
 $21
 3%
BHE senior debt and other108
 105
 3
 3
106
 104
 2
 2
 214
 209
 5
 2
BHE junior subordinated debentures1
 1
 
 
2
 2
 
 
 3
 3
 
 
Total interest expense$477
 $466
 $11
 2
$476
 $461
 $15
 3
 $953
 $927
 $26
 3

Interest expense increased $11$15 million for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 and $26 million for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to debt issuances at BHE, PacifiCorp, MidAmerican Energy and BHE Pipeline Group and HomeServices,higher short-term borrowing rates, partially offset by scheduled maturities, and principal payments and $4 million from the impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements.

Capitalized interest

Capitalized interest increased $4$2 million for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 and $6 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher construction work-in-progress balances at PacifiCorp and MidAmerican Energy, partially offset by a lower construction work-in-progress balance at BHE Renewables.

Allowance for equity funds

Allowance for equity funds increased $14 million for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 and $25 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher construction work-in-progress balances at PacifiCorp and MidAmerican Energy.

Allowance for equity funds

Allowance for equity funds increased $11 million for the first quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher construction work-in-progress balances at PacifiCorp and MidAmerican Energy.



Interest and dividend income

Interest and dividend income increased $4 million for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 and $8 million for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher cash balances at PacifiCorp MidAmerican Energy and NV Energy, partially offset by a lowerdeclining financial asset balance at the Casecnan project.

LossesGains (losses) on marketable securities, net

LossesGains (losses) on marketable securities, net decreased $141improved $393 million for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 and $534 million for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to the change in the unrealized lossposition on the Company's investment in BYD Company Limited of $128 million.$394 million and $521 million, respectively.



Other, net

Other, net increased $5$29 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower pension expense, largely resulting from pension settlement losses recognized in 2018 at Northern Powergrid due to higher lump sum payments, and higher commitment fee income of $8 million from new tax equity investments, partially offset by unfavorable changes in the valuation of interest rate swap derivatives of $5 million.

Other, net increased $34 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower pension expense, largely resulting from pension settlement losses recognized in 2018 at Northern Powergrid due to higher lump sum payments, and higher investment earnings, partially offset by unfavorable changes in the valuation of interest rate swap derivatives of $11 million and a $7 million settlement received in 2018 relateddue to transformer related outages at the Solar Star projects in 2016, unfavorable changes of $6 million in the valuations of interest rate swap derivatives and $5 million of lower commitment fee income from new tax equity investments.2016.

Income tax benefit

Income tax benefit decreased $73$92 million including $37for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to $108 million related to the change in the unrealized loss onposition of the Company's investment in BYD Company Limited, for the first quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 and theLimited. The effective tax rate was (30)(12)% for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 and (78)(86)% for the firstsecond quarter of 2018. The effective tax rate increased primarily due to the incremental income before taxes from the Company's investment in BYD Company Limited and $20 million of benefits recognized in 2018 of $31 million related to foreign earnings and $25 million for the accrued repatriation tax on undistributed foreign earnings, partially offset by higher production tax credits recognized of $22$24 million and the favorable impacts of ratemaking of $8$7 million.

Income tax benefit decreased $165 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to $145 million related to the change in the unrealized position on the Company's investment in BYD Company Limited. The effective tax rate was (20)% for the first six months of 2019 and (81)% for the first six months of 2018. The effective tax rate increased primarily due to the incremental income before taxes from the Company's investment in BYD Company Limited and $76 million of benefits recognized in 2018 related to foreign earnings and the accrued repatriation tax on undistributed foreign earnings, partially offset by higher production tax credits recognized of $45 million and the favorable impacts of ratemaking of $15 million.

Production tax credits are recognized in earnings for interim periods based on the application of an estimated annual effective tax rate to pretax earnings. Federal renewable electricity production tax credits are earned as energy from qualifying wind-powered generating facilities is produced and sold based on a per-kilowatt rate pursuant to the applicable federal income tax law and are eligible for the credit for 10 years from the date the qualifying generating facilities are placed in-service. Production tax credits recognized in 2019 were $137$310 million, or $22$45 million higher than 2018, while production tax credits earned in 2019 were $186$359 million, or $27$55 million higher than 2018. The difference between production tax credits recognized and earned of $49 million as of March 31,June 30, 2019 will be reflected in earnings over the remainder of 2019.

Equity income (loss) income

The Company had equity losses of $10Equity income (loss) declined $12 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to equity income of $122018 and $34 million for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher pre-tax equity losses from tax equity investments at BHE Renewables.



Liquidity and Capital Resources

Each of BHE's direct and indirect subsidiaries is organized as a legal entity separate and apart from BHE and its other subsidiaries. It should not be assumed that the assets of any subsidiary will be available to satisfy BHE's obligations or the obligations of its other subsidiaries. However, unrestricted cash or other assets that are available for distribution may, subject to applicable law, regulatory commitments and the terms of financing and ring-fencing arrangements for such parties, be advanced, loaned, paid as dividends or otherwise distributed or contributed to BHE or affiliates thereof. The Company's long-term debt may include provisions that allow BHE or its subsidiaries to redeem such debt in whole or in part at any time. These provisions generally include make-whole premiums. Refer to Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 for further discussion regarding the limitation of distributions from BHE's subsidiaries.

As of March 31,June 30, 2019, the Company's total net liquidity was as follows (in millions):
    MidAmerican NV Northern BHE        MidAmerican NV Northern BHE    
BHE PacifiCorp Funding Energy Powergrid Canada Other TotalBHE PacifiCorp Funding Energy Powergrid Canada Other Total
                              
Cash and cash equivalents$65
 $669
 $433
 $131
 $31
 $53
 $279
 $1,661
$11
 $536
 $186
 $135
 $95
 $65
 $237
 $1,265
                              
Credit facilities(2)(1)
3,500
 1,200
 909
 650
 221
 655
 1,635
 8,770
3,500
 1,200
 909
 650
 190
 668
 1,810
 8,927
Less:                              
Short-term debt(912) 
 
 
 (103) (239) (960) (2,214)(837) 
 
 
 
 (357) (1,400) (2,594)
Tax-exempt bond support and letters of credit
 (256) (370) (80) 
 (5) 
 (711)
 (256) (370) 
 
 (5) 
 (631)
Net credit facilities2,588
 944
 539
 570
 118
 411
 675
 5,845
2,663
 944
 539
 650
 190
 306
 410
 5,702
                              
Total net liquidity$2,653
 $1,613
 $972
 $701
 $149
 $464
 $954
 $7,506
$2,674
 $1,480
 $725
 $785
 $285
 $371
 $647
 $6,967
Credit facilities:                              
Maturity dates(1)
2021
 2021
 2019, 2021
 2021
 2020
 2023
 2019,
2020, 2022

  2022
 2022
 2020, 2022
 2022
 2020
 2023
 2019,
2020, 2022

  

(1) 
Refer to Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for further discussion regarding the Company's recent financing transactions.
(2)

Includes the drawn uncommitted credit facilities totaling $25 million at Northern Powergrid.
Operating Activities

Net cash flows from operating activities for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $1.49$2.1 billion and $1.48$2.8 billion, respectively. The increasedecrease was primarily due to improved operating results, partially offset by changes in working capital.capital and income tax cash flows.

The timing of the Company's income tax cash flows from period to period can be significantly affected by the estimated federal income tax payment methods and assumptions used for each payment date.

Investing Activities

Net cash flows from investing activities for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $(1.4)$(2.96) billion and $(1.2)$(3.02) billion, respectively. The change was primarily due to higherlower cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired, of $78 million and lower capital expenditures of $318$29 million, partially offset by lowerhigher funding of tax equity investments. Refer to "Future Uses of Cash" for further discussion of capital expenditures.



Financing Activities

Net cash flows from financing activities for the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2019 was $900 million.$1.4 billion. Sources of cash totaled $2.9$3.5 billion and consisted of proceeds from subsidiary debt issuances. Uses of cash totaled $2.0$2.1 billion and consisted mainly of repayments of subsidiary debt totaling $1.4$1.8 billion net repayments of short-term debt totaling $311 million and common stock repurchases totaling $293 million.

For a discussion of recent financing transactions, refer to Note 5 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.

Net cash flows from financing activities for the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2018 was $336$465 million. Sources of cash totaled $2.8$3.5 billion and consisted of proceeds from BHE senior debt issuances totaling $2.2 billion and proceeds from subsidiary debt issuances totaling $687 million.$1.3 billion. Uses of cash totaled $2.5$3.0 billion and consisted mainly of repayments of subsidiary debt totaling $1.1 billion, net repayments of short-term debt totaling $1.9$1.0 billion, and repayments of subsidiaryBHE senior debt totaling $550of $650 million and the purchase of redeemable noncontrolling interest of $131 million.

The Company may from time to time seek to acquire its outstanding debt securities through cash purchases in the open market, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Any debt securities repurchased by the Company may be reissued or resold by the Company from time to time and will depend on prevailing market conditions, the Company's liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.

Future Uses of Cash

The Company has available a variety of sources of liquidity and capital resources, both internal and external, including net cash flows from operating activities, public and private debt offerings, the issuance of commercial paper, the use of unsecured revolving credit facilities, the issuance of equity and other sources. These sources are expected to provide funds required for current operations, capital expenditures, acquisitions, investments, debt retirements and other capital requirements. The availability and terms under which BHE and each subsidiary has access to external financing depends on a variety of factors, including regulatory approvals, its credit ratings, investors' judgment of risk and conditions in the overall capital markets, including the condition of the utility industry and project finance markets, among other items.

Capital Expenditures

The Company has significant future capital requirements. Capital expenditure needs are reviewed regularly by management and may change significantly as a result of these reviews, which may consider, among other factors, impacts to customers' rates; changes in environmental and other rules and regulations; outcomes of regulatory proceedings; changes in income tax laws; general business conditions; load projections; system reliability standards; the cost and efficiency of construction labor, equipment and materials; commodity prices; and the cost and availability of capital. Expenditures for certain assets may ultimately include acquisitions of existing assets.



The Company's historical and forecast capital expenditures, each of which exclude amounts for non-cash equity AFUDC and other non-cash items, are as follows (in millions):
Three-Month Periods AnnualSix-Month Periods Annual
Ended March 31, ForecastEnded June 30, Forecast
2018 2019 20192018 2019 2019
Capital expenditures by business:          
PacifiCorp$236
 $337
 $2,268
$499
 $817
 $2,275
MidAmerican Funding365
 573
 2,629
818
 1,017
 3,002
NV Energy109
 165
 729
229
 290
 693
Northern Powergrid170
 126
 583
313
 252
 525
BHE Pipeline Group53
 72
 756
118
 173
 750
BHE Transmission71
 61
 247
150
 104
 249
BHE Renewables59
 46
 122
624
 70
 122
HomeServices11
 10
 49
25
 24
 50
BHE and Other1
 3
 10
3
 3
 12
Total$1,075
 $1,393
 $7,393
$2,779
 $2,750
 $7,678

Capital expenditures by type:          
Wind generation$107
 $255
 $2,502
$1,094
 $958
 $2,751
Electric transmission21
 97
 675
56
 263
 671
Other growth149
 113
 748
319
 305
 740
Operating798
 928
 3,468
1,310
 1,224
 3,516
Total$1,075
 $1,393
 $7,393
$2,779
 $2,750
 $7,678

The Company's historical and forecast capital expenditures consisted mainly of the following:
Wind generation includes the following:
Construction of wind-powered generating facilities at MidAmerican Energy totaling $159$473 million and $16$313 million for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. MidAmerican Energy anticipates costs for wind-powered generating facilities will total an additional $1,237$991 million for 2019. MidAmerican Energy has approval to construct up to 2,591 MW (nominal ratings) of wind-powered generating facilities expected to be placed in-service in 2017 through 2020, including 1,151 MW (nominal ratings) placed in-service as of March 31,June 30, 2019. Additionally, MidAmerican Energy is constructing an additional 205 MW (nominal ratings) of wind-powered generating facilities expected to be placed in-service in 2020, with a forecasted investment of $300 million, including AFUDC. This project is not under pre-approved ratemaking principles. Production tax credits from this project will be included in MidAmerican Energy's Iowa energy adjustment clause. MidAmerican Energy expects all of these wind-powered generating facilities to qualify for 100% of production tax credits available.
Repowering certain existing wind-powered generating facilities at MidAmerican Energy totaling $27$118 million and $70$141 million for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018.2018, respectively. The repowering projects entail the replacement of significant components of older turbines. MidAmerican Energy anticipate costs for these activities will total an additional $106$277 million for 2019. Of the 1,479 MWs of current repowering projects not in-service as of March 31,June 30, 2019, 303 MWs are currently expected to qualify for 100% of the federal production tax credits available for ten years following each facility's return to service, 769 MWs are expected to qualify for 80% of such credits and 407 MWs are expected to qualify for 60% of such credits.
The energy production from such repowered facilities is expected to qualify for federal production tax credits available for ten years following each facility's return to service.
Construction of wind-powered generating facilities at PacifiCorp totaling $55$138 million and $1$2 million for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. PacifiCorp anticipates costs for these activities will total an additional $311$225 million for 2019.2019, which includes a new 240 MW wind-powered generating facility. The new wind-powered generating facilities are expected to be placed in-service in 2020. The energy production from the new wind-powered generating facilities is expected to qualify for 100% of the federal production tax credits available for ten years once the equipment is placed in-service.


Repowering certain existing wind-powered generating facilities at PacifiCorp totaling $4$215 million and $1$53 million for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. PacifiCorp anticipateanticipates costs for these activities will total an additional $592$301 million for 2019. The energy production from such repowered facilities is expected to qualify for 100% of the federal production tax credits available for ten years following each facility's return to service.
Construction of wind-powered generating facilities at BHE Renewables totaling $11$12 million and $18$584 million for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Electric transmission includes PacifiCorp's costs for the 140-mile 500-kV Aeolus-Bridger/Anticline transmission line, which is a major segment of PacifiCorp's Energy Gateway Transmission expansion program expected to be placed in service in 2020, MidAmerican Energy's Multi-Value Projects approved by the Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc. for the construction of approximately 250 miles of 345 kV transmission line located in Iowa and Illinois and AltaLink's directly assigned projects from the AESO.
Other growth includes projects to deliver power and services to new markets, new customer connections, enhancements to existing customer connections and investments in solar generation.
Operating includes ongoing distribution systems infrastructure needed at the Utilities and Northern Powergrid, investments in routine expenditures for generation, transmission, distribution and other infrastructure needed to serve existing and expected demand, and environmental spending relating to emissions control equipment and the management of coal combustion residuals.

Other Renewable Investments

The Company has invested in projects sponsored by third parties, commonly referred to as tax equity investments. Under the terms of these tax equity investments, the Company has entered into equity capital contribution agreements with the project sponsors that require contributions. The Company has made contributions of $698$202 million $403 million and $584 million in 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.for the six-month period ended June 30, 2019. Additionally, the Company has commitments as of March 31,June 30, 2019, subject to satisfaction of certain specified conditions, to provide equity contributions of $1,033$1,365 million for the remainder of 2019 and $350$953 million in 2020 pursuant to these equity capital contribution agreements as the various projects achieve commercial operation. Once a project achieves commercial operation, the Company enters into a partnership agreement with the project sponsor that directs and allocates the operating profits and tax benefits from the project.

Contractual Obligations

As of March 31,June 30, 2019, there have been no material changes outside the normal course of business in contractual obligations from the information provided in Item 7 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 other than the recent financing transactions and the renewable tax equity investments previously discussed.



Regulatory Matters

BHE's regulated subsidiaries and certain affiliates are subject to comprehensive regulation. The discussion below contains material developments to those matters disclosed in Item 1 of each Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, and new regulatory matters occurring in 2019.

PacifiCorp

Retirement Plan Settlement Charge

During 2018, the PacifiCorp Retirement Plan incurred a settlement charge of $22 million as a result of excess lump sum distributions over the defined threshold for the year ended December 31, 2018. In December 2018, PacifiCorp submitted filings with the UPSC, the OPUC, the WPSC and the WUTC seeking approval to recoverdefer the settlement charge. Also in December 2018, an advice letter was filed with the CPUC requesting a memo account to recordtrack the costs associated with pension and postretirement settlements and curtailments. In April 2019, WUTC approved PacifiCorp's requested deferral. In May 2019, the UPSC denied PacifiCorp's request. In June 2019 and July 2019, PacifiCorp filed testimony with the WPSC and OPUC, respectively.

2017 Tax Reform

2017 Tax Reform enacted significant changes to the Internal Revenue Code, including, among other things, a reduction in the United States federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%. In 2018, PacifiCorp agreed to refund or defer the impact of the tax law change with each of its state regulatory commissions. The status of the remaining 2017 Tax Reform proceedings are noted in the applicable state section below.



Utah

In March 2018, PacifiCorp filed its annual EBA with the UPSC seeking approval to recover $3 million, or 0.1%, in deferred net power costs from customers for the period January 1, 2017 through December 31, 2017, reflecting the difference between base and actual net power costs in the 2017 deferral period. The rate change was approved by the UPSC effective May 1, 2018 on an interim basis. A hearing was held in February 2019, and final approval was issued March 2019.

In March 2019, PacifiCorp filed its annual EBA with the UPSC seeking approval to recover $24 million, or 1.1%, in deferred net power costs from customers for the period January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2018, reflecting the difference between base and actual net power costs in the 2018 deferral period. The rate change was approved by the UPSC effective May 1, 2019 on an interim basis, andbasis. Following a decision from the Utah Supreme Court in June 2019 that found the UPSC did not have authority to approve interim rates in conjunction with the EBA, the UPSC directed PacifiCorp to terminate the interim rate change pending final approval in the proceeding. The hearing on final approval is scheduled for February 2020.

In May 2019, Utah House Bill 411 went into effect. The legislation, among other things, authorizes the UPSC to approve a renewable energy program for communities seeking 100% renewable electricity. Participating cities must adopt a resolution with a goal to be on 100% renewable electricity by 2030 before December 31, 2019. Customers within a participating community may opt out of the program and maintain existing rates. Rates approved for the program may not result in any shift of costs or benefits to nonparticipating customers. Several communities in Utah, including Salt Lake City, have either recently set renewable goals or are actively considering them.

Oregon

In December 2018, PacifiCorp proposed to reduce customer rates to reflect the lower annual current income tax expense in Oregon resulting from 2017 Tax Reform. PacifiCorp reached an all-party settlement on the amortization of the current income tax expense benefits and the deferral of the decision regarding the ratemaking treatment of excess deferred income tax balances until no later than PacifiCorp's next general rate proceeding. The settlement, which results in a rate reduction of $48 million, or 3.7%, effective February 1, 2019, was approved by the OPUC in January 2019.



In December 2018, PacifiCorp filed anthe 2019 Renewable Adjustment Clause ("RAC") application requesting recovery of $37 million, or a 2.8% increase in rates, associated with repowering of approximately 900 MWs of company-owned and installed wind facilities.facilities expected to be completed in 2019. In March 2019, the application was updated to request recovery of $32 million, or a 2.5% increase in rates. A decision is expected fromIn August 2019, PacifiCorp filed an all-party settlement for the OPUC2019 RAC. The settlement provides for an $11 million or 0.8% rate increase effective October 1, 2019, and a rate increase of $13 million or 1.0% effective December 1, 2019 for a total rate increase of $24 million or 1.8%. In addition parties agreed to use the excess deferred income tax balances not addressed in Septemberthe 2017 Tax Reform proceeding to offset the majority of wind plant balances that will be retired as a result of repowering in 2019.

In April 2019, PacifiCorp submitted its annual TAM filing in Oregon requesting an annual decrease of $15 million, or an average price decrease of 1.2%, based on forecasted net power costs and loads for calendar year 2020. The filing includes the customer benefits of repowering, resulting inincluding an increase in production tax creditscredits.

In May 2019, PacifiCorp filed an application for deferral of incremental costs associated with implementing wildfire mitigation measures in Oregon. Operations and reduced power costs.maintenance costs associated with the implementation measures are estimated to be $5 million in 2019.

Wyoming

In April 2018, PacifiCorp filed a partial settlement related to the impact of 2017 Tax Reform with the WPSC that providesprovided a rate reduction of $23 million, or 3.3%, effective July 1, 2018 through June 30, 2019, with the remaining tax savings to be deferred with offsets to other costs. In June 2018, PacifiCorp filed reports with the WPSC with the calculation of the full impact of the tax law change on revenue requirement of $28 million annually, comprised of $20 million in current tax savings and $8 million for the amortization of excess deferred income tax.tax balances. In March 2019, the WPSC issued a written order approving the continued annual rate reduction of $23 million until base rates are reset in the next general rate proceeding. An additionalproceeding and a $4 million is currently being offset againstto PacifiCorp's 2018 ECAM rates. The order reflected the $20 million of current tax savings and was updated to reflect a projection of $7 million for amortization of excess deferred income tax.tax balances. In April 2019, PacifiCorp filed a new application updating the amount of benefits being returned to customers. PacifiCorp continued the interim rate reduction that includes the previously approved $23 million and an additional $4 million reduction to offset the 2019 ECAM, effective June 15, 2019.

In April 2019, PacifiCorp submitted a compliance filing to the WPSC regarding bonus tax depreciation resulting in a $2 million rate reduction for the period June 15, 2019 through June 14, 2020.

In February 2019, PacifiCorp filed a certificate of public convenience and necessity application with the WPSC requesting to repower the existing Foote Creek I wind facility, which was approved without conditions in April 2019. In connection with the repowering of Foote Creek, PacifiCorp acquired the joint owner's 21% interest in the facility in June 2019.

In April 2019, PacifiCorp filed its annual ECAM and RRA application with the WPSC. The filing requests approval to recover from customers $7 million, or approximately 1.0%, in deferred net power costs for the period January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2018. The rate change will gowent into effect on an interim basis June 15, 2019. PacifiCorp has proposed to offset this increase with other rate credits proposed to gothat went into effect on June 15, 2019.

In July 2019, includingWyoming Senate Enrolled Act No. 74 went into effect. The legislation, among other things, requires electric utilities to make a good faith effort to sell a coal-fired generation facility in Wyoming before it can receive recovery in rates for capital costs associated with new generation facilities built, in whole or in part, to replace the useretiring coal facility. The electric utility is obligated to purchase the electricity from the facility through a power purchase agreement at a price that is no greater than the utility’s avoided cost, as determined by the WPSC. Costs associated with an approved power purchase agreement are expected to be recoverable in rates from Wyoming customers. PacifiCorp is working with the WPSC and other stakeholders to determine the implementation process. The overall impacts of deferred 2017 Tax Reform benefits.this legislation cannot be determined at this time.
 
Washington

In June 2019, PacifiCorp submitted its 2018 PCAM filing with WUTC seeking approval to credit $7 million to the PCAM balancing account. No rate changes were requested.



Idaho

In May 2018, the IPUC approved a rate reduction of $6 million, or 2.2%, effective June 1, 2018 through May 31, 2019, to pass back a portion of the current tax benefits associated with 2017 Tax Reform. In March 2019 an all-party settlement resolving the treatment of the remaining tax savings was filed with the IPUC. EffectiveIn May 2019, the IPUC approved the all-party settlement resulting in the rate reduction for current tax savings being adjusted to $8 million per year, effective June 1, 2019 the rate reduction will be adjustedand $3 million related to $7 million. Remainingamortization of excess deferred income taxes from the 2017 Tax Reform benefits will be usedbeing applied as an offset to offset future rate increases.the 2019 ECAM.

In March 2019, PacifiCorp filed its annual ECAM application with the IPUC requesting recovery of $15 million, or 0.4%, for deferred costs in 2018. This filing includes recovery of the difference in actual net power costs to the base level in rates, an adder for recovery of the Lake Side 2 resource, recovery of Deer Creek Mine investment and changes in production tax credits and renewable energy credits. Rates are proposed to go into effectIn May 2019, the IPUC approved recovery of the $15 million, effective June 1, 2019.


2019 to be offset by the $3 million related to amortization of excess deferred income taxes stemming from the all-party settlement related to the 2017 Tax Reform.

California

In April 2018, PacifiCorp filed a general rate case with the CPUC for an overall rate increase of $1 million, or 0.9%, effective January 1, 2019. A CPUC decision is pending.

On September 21, 2018, California's governor signed legislation to strengthen California's ability to prevent and recover from catastrophic wildfires, including Senate Bill 901 ("SB 901").901. SB 901 requires electric utilities to prepare and submit wildfire mitigation plans that describe the utilities' plans to prevent, combat and respond to wildfires affecting their service territories. PacifiCorp filed its wildfire mitigation plan with the CPUC on February 6, 2019. The wildfire mitigation plan incorporates the requirements outlined in SB 901, including situational awareness, system hardening, vegetation management and procedures for proactive de-energization in certain high risk areas during times of extreme danger. A workshop was held February 13,

SB 901 also authorized utilities, including PacifiCorp, to establish two memorandum accounts to track costs related to California Wildfire Mitigation. In March 2019, at which time PacifiCorp briefly describedreceived approval to establish a FRMMA effective January 1, 2019 to track a range of fire risk mitigation activities incremental to what is already included in PacifiCorp's rates. The CPUC also granted PacifiCorp the ability to track costs related to complying with the implementation of Proactive Safety Power Shut-off, or de-energization events in the FRMMA.

In May 2019, the CPUC issued a decision approving PacifiCorp's 2019 Wildfire Mitigation Plan. In June 2019, following approval of its wildfire mitigation plan as filed. Intervenors2019 Wildfire Mitigation Plan, PacifiCorp filed commentsto establish a second Wildfire Mitigation Plan Implementation Memorandum Account ("WMPIMA") effective May 31, 2019, to track costs related to the implementation of its approved 2019 Plan. Cost recovery is still contingent on the wildfire mitigation plans on March 13, 2019 andCPUC's review of activities tracked in the respondents filed reply comments on March 22, 2019. A proposed decision was released April 29, 2019 bymemorandum accounts.

SB 901 also required the CPUC to develop a financial stress test methodology to determine the maximum amount an electrical corporation's shareholders can pay for 2017 catastrophic wildfire damages without harming ratepayers or impacting the utility's ability to provide adequate and safe service. The CPUC's final decision in June 2019 regarding this test does not have an impact on PacifiCorp as its assets did not cause catastrophic wildfires in California in 2017.

In July 2019, California Governor Gavin Newsom signed AB 1054 into law. AB 1054 is comprehensive legislation addressing wildfire risk in the state of California. The new law authorizes a wildfire fund which willwould operate as an insurance fund to support the creditworthiness of electrical utilities, if certain utilities participate by making the required contributions, among other things. PacifiCorp does not intend to participate in the wildfire fund.

AB 1054 also amends CPUC requirements for recovery of wildfire-related costs regardless of participation in the insurance fund. The CPUC must allow cost recovery of the costs and expenses of a "covered wildfire" which is defined as a fire ignited on or after July 12, 2019, if they are determined to be considered for final action no sooner than May 30, 2019,just and is subject to comments by parties of recordreasonable, meaning the electrical corporation's conduct related to the proceeding.ignition was consistent with actions that a reasonable utility would have undertaken in good faith under similar circumstances, at the relevant point in time, and based on the information available to the electrical corporation at the relevant point in time.



NV Energy (Nevada Power and Sierra Pacific)

Regulatory Rate Review

In June 2019, Sierra Pacific filed an electric regulatory rate review with the PUCN. The filing supported an annual revenue increase of $5 million but requested an annual revenue reduction of $5 million. An order is expected by the end of 2019 and, if approved, would be effective January 1, 2020.

In July 2019, as a part of the DEAA filing, the PUCN approved an order confirming the methodology of calculating the earnings sharing and directing Nevada Power, in its next regulatory rate review, to address the return of the earnings sharing to customers. The approved order is expected to be filed in August 2019.

2017 Tax Reform

In February 2018, the Nevada Utilities made filings with the PUCN proposing a tax rate reduction rider for the lower annual income tax expense anticipated to result from 2017 Tax Reform for 2018 and beyond. In March 2018, the PUCN issued an order approving the rate reduction proposed by the Nevada Utilities. The new rates were effective April 1, 2018. The order extended the procedural schedule to allow parties additional discovery relevant to 2017 Tax Reform and a hearing was held in July 2018. In September 2018, the PUCN issued an order directing the Nevada Utilities to record the amortization of any excess protected accumulated deferred income tax arising from the 2017 Tax Reform as a regulatory liability effective January 1, 2018. Subsequently, the Nevada Utilities filed a petition for reconsideration relating to the amortization of protected excess accumulated deferred income tax balances resulting from the 2017 Tax Reform. In November 2018, the PUCN issued an order granting reconsideration and reaffirming the September 2018 order. In December 2018, the Nevada Utilities filed a petition for judicial review. In January 2019, intervening parties filed statements of intent to participate in the petition for judicial review.

Optional Pricing Program

In November 2018, the Nevada Utilities made filings with the PUCN to implement the Optional Pricing Program ("OPP"). The Nevada Utilities have designed the OPP to provide certain customers, namely those eligible to file an application pursuant to Chapter 704B of the Nevada Revised Statutes, with a market-based pricing option that is based on renewable resources. The OPP provides for an energy rate that would replace the base tariff energy rate and deferred energy accounting adjustment. The goal is to have an energy rate that yields an all-in effective rate that is competitive with market options available to such customers. In February 2019, the PUCN granted several intervenors the ability to participate in the proceeding. In June 2019, the Nevada Utilities withdrew their filings but plan to refile a modified tariff in August 2019 that incorporates the considerations raised by intervenors.

Chapter 704B Applications

Chapter 704B of the Nevada Revised Statutes allows retail electric customers with an average annual load of one MW or more to file with the PUCN an application to purchase energy from alternative providers of a new electric resource and become distribution only service customers. On a case-by-case basis, the PUCN will assess the application and may deny or grant the application subject to conditions, including paying an impact fee, paying on-going charges and receiving approval for specific alternative energy providers and terms. The impact fee and on-going charges are assessed to alleviate the burden on other Nevada customers for the applicant's share of previously committed investments and long-term renewable contracts and are set at a level designed such that the remaining customers are not subjected to increased costs. In June 2019, the Nevada Legislature passed Senate Bill 547 ("SB 547") which modifies the 704B process. The modifications outlined in SB 547, among others, require a utility to establish limits in their integrated resource plan on the amount of load that can take service under Chapter 704B, customers taking service under Chapter 704B continue to pay for public program costs and requires the alternative energy providers to be licensed by the PUCN. In addition, SB 547 requires customers to file a 704B application with the PUCN in January allowing for alignment with the capacity amount established in the integrated resource plan.

Since 2016, five fully bundled retail customers have transitioned to distribution only service and are acquiring energy from an energy supplier other than the Nevada Utilities. The total estimated peak demand of these customers was approximately 400 MWs, as of the date their applications were filed with the PUCN, which represents approximately 5% of the annual hourly peak demand on the Nevada Utilities’Utilities' electric system in 2018. The PUCN has imposed cumulative impact fees of $155 million on these customers which includes impact fee credits of $20 million established by the PUCN subsequent to the initial application approvals.



As of April 2019, theThe Nevada Utilities have an estimated 122approximately 120 fully bundled retail customers that are eligible to file Chapter 704B applications. The PUCN has approved the applications of threefive additional fully bundled retail customers whose total estimated peak demand is approximately 5595 MWs, as of the date their applications were filed with the PUCN. The PUCN has imposed impact fees of $18$30 million on these customers. Subsequent to approval, one customertwo customers with ana total estimated peak demand of 5approximately 50 MWs and imposed impact fees of $2$17 million hashave withdrawn their application.applications leaving only three fully bundled customer applications open and approved. The PUCN has also approved the applications of threefour pending customers not yet receiving service. These fiveseven customers have not yet become distribution only service customers.

As of AprilJune 2019, in addition to the approved 704B applications, the Nevada Utilities have also received communications from eleveneight additional fully bundled or pending customers, three of which provided a letter of intent to file an application with the PUCN and eightfive of which filed an application with the PUCN to purchase energy from another energy supplier and become distribution only service customers. One applicant hasFour applicants have subsequently withdrawn their application.applications leaving only one 704B application in process. The three letters of intent are no longer eligible to pursue 704B applications under the previous process due to the passing of SB 547.

The Nevada Utilities are addressing further Chapter 704B activity by evaluating options that include aligning with customer initiatives, implementing alternative pricing plans such asincluding the OPP, educating current customers on the value of the Nevada Utilities' fully bundled service and evaluating legislative or administrative changes to the Chapter 704B process and participating in current and future Chapter 704B proceedings.as a result of SB 547.

Northern Powergrid Distribution Companies

GEMA, through the Ofgem, published its RIIO-2 sector methodology consultation in December 2018, continuing the process of developing the next set of price control arrangements that will be implemented for transmission and gas distribution networks in Great Britain. Ofgem explicitly states that this consultation does not set out proposals for Northern Powergrid's next price control, which will begin in April 2023. However, it also states that some of the proposals may be capable of application to that price control. Regarding allowed return on capital, Ofgem has stated in the December 2018 consultation that it currently considers thatconsidered a cost of equity of 4.0% (plus inflation calculated using the United Kingdom's consumer prices index including owner occupiers' housing costs) would be appropriate for energy networks, which is approximately 2.5 percentage points lower than the current comparable cost of equity. This cost of equity assumption is based on a proposed debt capitalization assumption for the next price control of 60%, which is five percentage points lower than the 65% debt capitalization assumption for the current price control.

In May 2019, Ofgem published its sector methodology decision for the RIIO-2 price controls that will apply to transmission and gas distribution starting in April 2021. The next significant milestonedecision confirmed a continued intention to move to lower returns, although Ofgem increased its initial view on the cost of equity of 4.0% to 4.3%. The transmission and gas distribution price control reviews are now moving into a detailed implementation phase, with draft and final determinations due in the process will be Ofgem's decision on the methodology, due in May 2019, followed by an initial consultationsummer and fall of 2020. Early discussions are now taking place for the next electricity distribution price control review, which is due to set price controls from April 2023 following determinations in late 2019.2022.
 
BHE Pipeline Group

Northern Natural Gas

In July 2018, the FERC issued a final rule adopting procedures for determining whether natural gas pipelines were collecting unjust and unreasonable rates in light of the reduction in the federal corporate tax rate from 2017 Tax Reform. Pursuant to the final rule, in October 2018, Northern Natural Gas filed an informational filing on FERC Form No. 501-G and a Statement Demonstrating Why No Rate Adjustment is Necessary. OnIn January 16, 2019, FERC initiated a Section 5 investigation to determine whether the rates currently charged by Northern Natural Gas are just and reasonable. As required by the FERC Section 5 order, Northern Natural Gas filed a full cost and revenue study on April 1, 2019. On July 1, 2019, Northern Natural Gas expects to filefiled a general Section 4 rate case, as soon as July 1, 2019, which would supersede a Section 5 rate action to address Northern Natural Gas' significant investment.case. Northern Natural Gas believeshas requested increases in various rates, including transportation reservation rates ranging from approximately 35% in the Field Area to 90% in the Market Area to be implemented, subject to refund, effective January 1, 2020. The Section 5 investigation remains pending as a rate increase will resultseparate case from the Section 4 rate case, and higher rates wouldalthough the cases may be implemented subject to refundconsolidated in early 2020.the future.



BHE Transmission

AltaLink

General Tariff Application

In August 2018, AltaLink filed its 2019-2021 GTA with the AUC, delivering on the first three years of its commitment to keep rates lower or flat for customers for the next five years. The three-year application achieves flat tariffs by keeping operating and maintenance expenses flat, with the exception of salaries and wages and software licensing fees, transitioning to a new salvage recovery approach and continuing the use of the flow-through income tax method. In addition, similar to the refund approved by the AUC for the 2017-2018 GTA of C$31 million, AltaLink proposes to provide a further tariff reduction over the three years by refunding previously collected accumulated depreciation surplus of an additional C$31 million.


In November 2018, the AUC approved the 2019 interim refundable transmission tariff at C$74 million per month effective January 2019.

AltaLink provided responses to information requests in November 2018 and additional responses in December 2018 and April 2019. In April 2019, AltaLink filed an update to its 2019-2021 GTA application primarily to reflect its 2018 actual results and the impact of the AUC decision on AltaLink's 2014-2015 deferral account reconciliation application. The application update also included AltaLink's fire mitigation plan and a request for additional capital expenditures and operating expenses to enhance its current practices, operations and maintenance program to reduce the risk of fires being ignited by its transmission system operation caused fire ignition.system. The updated application requests the approval of revised revenue requirements of C$879 million, C$882 million and C$885 million for 2019, 2020 and 2021 respectively, which are lower than the approved 2018 revenue requirement of C$904 million. The forecast revenue requirement is based on an 8.5% return on equity and 37% deemed equity approved by the AUC for 2019 and 2020 and assumes the same for 2021 as placeholders.

In November 2018,July 2019, AltaLink filed a 2019-2021 partial negotiated settlement application with the AUC. The application consisted of negotiated reductions from the April 2019 GTA of C$23 million of operating expenses and C$58 million of transmission capital maintenance and information technology capital expenditures over three years, as well as lower forecast interest rates and lower depreciation for the steel poles asset class. These reductions resulted in a C$38 million, or 1.4%, net decrease to the three-year total revenue requirement applied for in AltaLink's 2019-2021 GTA updated in April 2019 before taking into account an additional C$20 million of forecast line clearance capital. The application excluded certain matters consisting of the new salvage study and salvage recovery approach, additional capital for operations and maintenance and capital programs to reduce risk of fires being ignited by its transmission system, and to comply with line clearance code compliance requirements, and certain retirements for towers and fixtures. Excluded matters will be examined by the AUC in an oral hearing scheduled for September 2019. The negotiated settlement application requests the approval of revised revenue requirements of C$873 million, C$870 million and C$870 million for 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively, which are lower than the approved the 2019 interim refundable transmission tariff at2018 revenue requirement of C$74.0 million per month effective January 2019.904 million.

2021 Generic Cost of Capital Proceeding

In December 2018, the AUC initiated a Generic Cost of Capital ("GCOC") proceeding to consider returning to a formula-based approach to determining the return on equity for a given year, starting with 2021. On April 4, 2019, after receiving comments from interested parties, the AUC expanded the scope of the proceeding to include a traditional non-formulaic GCOC inquiry as well as the consideration of returning to a formula-based approach. The AUC also issued a process timeline for the proceeding to commence in January 2020, with a hearing scheduled in April 2020.

Deferral Account Reconciliation Application

In April 2017, AltaLink filed its application with the AUC with respect to AltaLink's 2014 projects and deferral accounts and specific 2015 projects. The application included approximately C$2.0 billion in net capital additions. In June 2017, the AUC ruled that the scope of the deferral account proceeding would not be extended to consider the utilization of assets for which final cost approval is sought. However, the AUC will initiate a separate proceeding to address the issue of transmission asset utilization and how the corporate and property law principles applied in the Utility Asset Disposition ("UAD") decision may relate.

In December 2017, AltaLink amended its application to include the remaining capital projects completed in 2015. The amended 2014 and 2015 deferral account reconciliation application includes 110 completed projects with total gross capital additions, excluding AFUDC, of C$3.8 billion. An oral hearing was held in September 2018 after the completion of an extensive information request process earlier in the year.



In December 2018 and January 2019 the AUC issued decisions approving C$3,833 million out of the C$4,017 million capital project additions, including AFUDC, included in the application. Project costs of C$155 million were deferred to a future hearing. The AUC disallowed capital additions of approximately C$30 million including applicable AFUDC, pending receipt of additional requested supporting documentation for certain specific items. In February 2019, AltaLink filed its 2014-2015 deferral accounts reconciliation application compliance filing to reflect the findings, conclusions and directions arising from this decision. In its compliance filing, AltaLink requested approval of interest in the amount of C$10 million on total outstanding amount of C$110 million to be recovered through a one-time payment from the AESO, upon AUC approval. In addition, the AUC ruled that it will put in placeholder amounts for the approved costs of the assets in the 2014-2015 DACDA proceeding until the AUC-initiated proceeding to consider the issue of transmission asset utilization.

In March 2019, AltaLink responded to information requests from the AUC. A decision from the AUC is expected in the secondthird quarter of 2019.

In July 2019, AltaLink filed its 2016-2018 DACDA application with the AUC after a ruling on confidentiality. The application includes 116 projects with total actual gross capital additions, excluding AFUDC, of C$947 million.

First Nations Asset Transfer Application

In November 2018, the AUC approved, with conditions, AltaLink's application filed in April 2017 to sell and transfer approximately C$91 million of transmission assets located on reserve lands to new limited partnerships with First Nations. The transfers are part of the agreement which allowed AltaLink to route the Southwest Project on reserve land.

In December 2018, AltaLink filed an application with the Alberta Court of Appeal for permission to appeal the conditions imposed by the AUC decision. In January 2019, AltaLink also filed an application for review and variance with the AUC. In May 2019, the AUC issued a decision dismissing the application for review and variance on the basis that AltaLink had not met the requirements for a review of the findings in the original decision. The appeal on this matter is set for October 2019.

In March 2019, AltaLink filed correspondence informing the AUC that the Blood Tribe intends to proceed with the transfer of assets related to KainaiLink, L.P.

In June 2019, AltaLink closed the transaction with the Piikani Nation by transferring transmission assets of C$53 million and long-term debt of C$33 million to PiikaniLink, L.P. The Piikani Nation purchased a 51% interest in PiikaniLink, L.P. for C$10 million.



BHE Renewables' Counterparty Risk

On January 29, 2019, PG&E Corporation and Pacific Gas and Electric Company (the "PG&E Utility") (together "PG&E") filed voluntary petitions for relief under chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Northern District of California ("PG&E Bankruptcy Filing"). The Company owns 100% of Topaz and owns a 49% interest in Agua Caliente. Topaz is a 550-MW solar photovoltaic electric power generating facility located in California. Topaz sells 100% of its energy, capacity and renewable energy credits generated from the facility to PG&E Utility under a 25-year wholesale power purchase agreement ("PPA") that is in effect until October 2039. As of March 31,June 30, 2019, the Company's consolidated balance sheet includes $1.1 billion of property, plant and equipment, net and $0.9 billion of non-recourse project debt related to Topaz. Agua Caliente is a 290-MW solar photovoltaic electric power generating facility located in Arizona. Agua Caliente sells 100% of its energy, capacity and renewable energy credits generated from the facility to PG&E Utility under a 25-year wholesale PPA that is in effect until June 2039. As of March 31,June 30, 2019, the Company's equity investment in Agua Caliente totals $47$56 million and the project has $0.8 billion of non-recourse project debt owed to the United States Department of Energy. The PG&E Bankruptcy Filing is an event of default under the Topaz PPA ("PPA Default"). PG&E paid in full the invoices for December deliveries and all amounts invoiced to date for post-petition energy deliveries for both Topaz and Agua Caliente in 2019. PG&E has not paid for the power delivered from January 1 through January 28, 2019. The Company continues to perform on its obligations and deliver renewable energy to the PG&E Utility, and PG&E has publicly stated it will pay suppliers in full under normal terms for post-petition goods and services received. The Company maintains that, in light of the current facts and circumstances, the PPA Default could not reasonably be expected to result in a material adverse effect under the Topaz indenture and, therefore, no default has occurred under the Topaz indenture. In July 2019, California Governor Gavin Newsom signed AB 1054 into law. AB 1054 is comprehensive legislation addressing wildfire risk in the state of California that, among other items, authorizes a wildfire fund which would operate as an insurance fund to support the creditworthiness of electrical utilities, if certain utilities, including PG&E, participate by making the required contributions, among other things. In July 2019, PG&E notified the CPUC of its intent to participate in the insurance fund and such participation requires, among other items, PG&E to exit bankruptcy by June 30, 2020. The Company believes it is more likely than not that no impairment exists and current debt obligations will be met, as post-petition contractual revenue payments are expected to be paid by PG&E Utility to the Topaz and Agua Caliente projects. The Company will continue to monitor the situation, including continued receipt of future PG&E payments and the future risk of the PPAs being rejected or modified through the bankruptcy process.

Quad Cities Generating Station Operating Status

Exelon Generation Company, LLC ("Exelon Generation"), the operator of Quad Cities Generating Station Units 1 and 2 ("Quad Cities Station") of which MidAmerican Energy has a 25% ownership interest, announced on June 2, 2016, its intention to shut down Quad Cities Station on June 1, 2018, as a result of Illinois not passing adequate legislation and Quad Cities Station not clearing the 2019-2020 PJM Interconnection, L.L.C. capacity auction. MidAmerican Energy expressed to Exelon Generation its desire for the continued operation of the facility through the end of its operating license in 2032 and worked with Exelon Generation on solutions to that end. In December 2016, Illinois passed legislation creating a zero emission standard, which went into effect June 1, 2017. The zero emission standard requires the Illinois Power Agency to purchase zero emission credits ("ZECs") and recover the costs from certain ratepayers in Illinois, subject to certain limitations. The proceeds from the zero emission credits will provide Exelon Generation additional revenue through 2027 as an incentive for continued operation of Quad Cities Station. For the nuclear assets already in rate base, MidAmerican Energy's customers will not be charged for the subsidy, and MidAmerican Energy will not receive additional revenue from the subsidy.

On February 14, 2017, two lawsuits were filed with the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois ("Northern District of Illinois") against the Illinois Power Agency alleging that the state's zero emission credit program violates certain provisions of the United States Constitution. Both lawsuits were dismissed at the Northern District of Illinois, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit affirmed the dismissals. On April 15, 2019, plaintiffs' petition seeking United States Supreme Court review of the case was denied.

On January 9, 2017, the Electric Power Supply Association filed two requests with the FERC seeking to expand Minimum Offer Price Rule ("MOPR") provisions to apply to existing resources receiving zero emission credit compensation. If successful, an expanded MOPR could result in an increased risk of Quad Cities Station not clearing in future capacity auctions and Exelon Generation no longer receiving capacity revenues for the facility. As majority owner and operator of Quad Cities Station, Exelon Generation has filed protests at the FERC in response to each filing. The FERC has not yet issued a decision on the requests.

On April 10, 2019, PJM Interconnection, L.L.C. ("PJM") notified the FERC of its intent to proceed with the next capacity auction in August 2019 under the existing market rules and asked the FERC to clarify that it would not require the PJM to re-run the auction in the event the FERC alters those market rules in its decision on the MOPR complaint. It is too early to predict the final outcome of each of these proceedings or their potential impact on the continued operation of Quad Cities Station.



Environmental Laws and Regulations

Each Registrant is subject to federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations regarding climate change, RPS, air and water quality, emissions performance standards, coal combustion byproduct disposal, hazardous and solid waste disposal, protected species and other environmental matters that have the potential to impact each Registrant's current and future operations. In addition to imposing continuing compliance obligations, these laws and regulations provide regulators with the authority to levy substantial penalties for noncompliance, including fines, injunctive relief and other sanctions. These laws and regulations are administered by various federal, state, local and international agencies. Each Registrant believes it is in material compliance with all applicable laws and regulations, although many laws and regulations are subject to interpretation that may ultimately be resolved by the courts. The discussion below contains material developments to those matters disclosed in Item 1 of each Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, and new environmental matters occurring in 2019.

Climate Change

In December 2015, an international agreement was negotiated by 195 nations to create a universal framework for coordinated action on climate change in what is referred to as the Paris Agreement. The Paris Agreement reaffirms the goal of limiting global temperature increase well below 2 degrees Celsius, while urging efforts to limit the increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius; establishes commitments by all parties to make nationally determined contributions and pursue domestic measures aimed at achieving the commitments; commits all countries to submit emissions inventories and report regularly on their emissions and progress made in implementing and achieving their nationally determined commitments; and commits all countries to submit new commitments every five years, with the expectation that the commitments will get more aggressive. In the context of the Paris Agreement, the United States agreed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 26% to 28% by 2025 from 2005 levels. After more than 55 countries representing more than 55% of global greenhouse gas emissions submitted their ratification documents, the Paris Agreement became effective November 4, 2016. Under the terms of the Paris Agreement, ratifying countries are bound for a three-year period and must provide one-year's notice of their intent to withdraw. On June 1, 2017, President Trump announced the United States would withdraw from the Paris Agreement. Under the terms of the agreement, the withdrawal would be effective in November 2020. The cornerstone of the United States' commitment was the Clean Power Plan which was finalized by the EPA in 2015 but has since been proposed for repeal by the EPA.

GHG Performance Standards

Under the Clean Air Act, the EPA may establish emissions standards that reflect the degree of emissions reductions achievable through the best technology that has been demonstrated, taking into consideration the cost of achieving those reductions and any non-air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. On August 3, 2015, the EPA issued final new source performance standards, establishing a standard of 1,000 pounds of carbon dioxide per MWh for large natural gas-fueled generating facilities and 1,400 pounds of carbon dioxide per MWh for new coal-fueled generating facilities with the "Best System of Emission Reduction" reflecting highly efficient supercritical pulverized coal facilities with partial carbon capture and sequestration or integrated gasification combined-cycle units that are co-fueled with natural gas or pre-combustion slipstream capture of carbon dioxide. The new source performance standards were appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit ("D.C. Circuit") and oral argument was scheduled for April 17, 2017. However, oral argument was deferred and the court held the case in abeyance for an indefinite period of time. On December 6, 2018, the EPA announced revisions to new source performance standards for new and reconstructed coal-fueled units. The EPA proposes to revise carbon dioxide emission limits for new coal-fueled facilities to 1,900 pounds per MWh for small units and 2,000 pounds per MWh for large units. The EPA would define the best system of emission reduction for new and modified units as the most efficient demonstrated steam cycle, combined with best operating practices. The EPA accepted comment on the proposal through March 18, 2019. Until such time as the EPA undertakes further action on the proposed reconsideration or the court takes action, any new fossil-fueled generating facilities constructed by the relevant Registrants will be required to meet the GHG new source performance standards.



Clean Power Plan

In June 2014, the EPA released proposed regulations to address GHG emissions from existing fossil-fueled generating facilities, referred to as the Clean Power Plan, under Section 111(d) of the Clean Air Act. The EPA's proposal calculated state-specific emission rate targets to be achieved based on the "Best System of Emission Reduction." In August 2015, the final Clean Power Plan was released, which established the Best System of Emission Reduction as including: (a) heat rate improvements; (b) increased utilization of existing combined-cycle natural gas-fueled generating facilities; and (c) increased deployment of new and incremental non-carbon generation placed in-service after 2012. The compliance period would have begun in 2022, with three interim periods of compliance and with the final goal to be achieved by 2030 and was expected to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the power sector to 32% below 2005 levels by 2030. On February 9, 2016, the United States Supreme Court ordered that the EPA's emission guidelines for existing sources be stayed pending the disposition of the challenges to the rule in the D.C. Circuit and any action on a writ of certiorari before the United States Supreme Court. Oral argument was heard before the D.C. Circuit on September 27, 2016. The court has not yet issued its decision. On June 19, 2019, the EPA finalized the Affordable Clean Energy rule and fully repealed the Clean Power Plan. Under the Affordable Clean Energy rule, the EPA determined that the best system of emissions reduction for existing coal-fueled power plants is heat rate improvements based on a set of candidate technologies and measures that could improve heat rates. The EPA did not establish state emission limits or budgets. Instead, states will be required to develop unit-specific standards of performance that reflect the emission limitation achievable through application of the best system of emission reduction technologies. Measures taken to meet the standards of performance must be achieved at the source itself and standards of performance will be measured in terms of pounds of carbon dioxide per MWh. State compliance plans are due by September 2022, three years after the effective date of the rule. Litigation challenging the rule has already been filed in the D.C. Circuit and until all litigation is exhausted and state plans are developed, the full impacts on the Registrants cannot be determined. However, PacifiCorp, MidAmerican Energy, Nevada Power and Sierra Pacific have historically pursued cost-effective projects, including plant efficiency improvements, increased diversification of their generating fleets to include deployment of renewable and lower carbon generating resources, and advanced customer energy efficiency programs.

Renewable Portfolio Standards

Each state's RPS described below could significantly impact the relevant Registrant's consolidated financial results. Resources that meet the qualifying electricity requirements under each RPS vary from state to state. Each state's RPS requires some form of compliance reporting and the relevant Registrant can be subject to penalties in the event of noncompliance. Each Registrant believes it is in material compliance with all applicable RPS laws and regulations.

Since 1997, NV Energy has been required to comply with a RPS. Current law requires the Nevada Utilities to meet 18% of their energy requirements with renewable resources for 2014, 20% for 2015 through 2019, 22% for 2020 and 2024, and 25% for 2025 and thereafter. The RPS also requires 5% of the portfolio requirement come from solar resources through 2015 and increasing to 6% in 2016. Nevada law also permits energy efficiency measures to be used to satisfy a portion of the RPS through 2025, subject to certain limitations. In November 2018, Nevada voters approved a measure to increase the state's RPS to 50% by 2030; the measure must be voted on and approved a second time, in November 2020, in order to take effect. In the interim, the Nevada Legislature passed Senate Bill ("SB") 358 in June 2019 which raises Nevada's renewable portfolio standards to 50% by 2030.

Washington's Energy Independence Act establishes a renewable energy target for qualifying electric utilities, including PacifiCorp. The requirements are 3% of retail sales by January 1, 2012 through 2015, 9% of retail sales by January 1, 2016 through 2019 and 15% of retail sales by January 1, 2020 and each year thereafter. In April 2013, Washington State Senate Bill No. 5400 ("SB 5400") was signed into law. SB 5400 expands the geographic area in which eligible renewable resources may be located to beyond the Pacific Northwest, allowing renewable resources located in all states served by PacifiCorp to qualify. SB 5400 also provides PacifiCorp with additional flexibility and options to meet Washington's renewable mandates. In May 2019, the state of Washington enacted Senate Bill 5116, the Clean Energy Transformation Act. The legislation, among other things, establishes three targets for reducing and eventually eliminating fossil-fueled generation from Washington retail electricity rates between 2025 and 2045. The coal phase-out standard requires all electric utilities to eliminate from rates, coal-fired resources by December 31, 2025. PacifiCorp has begun discussions with regulators and other Washington investor-owned utilities regarding compliance obligations and implementation.

Clean Air Act Regulations

The Clean Air Act is a federal law administered by the EPA that provides a framework for protecting and improving the nation's air quality and controlling sources of air emissions. The implementation of new standards is generally outlined in SIPs, which are a collection of regulations, programs and policies to be followed. SIPs vary by state and are subject to public hearings and EPA approval. Some states may adopt additional or more stringent requirements than those implemented by the EPA. The major Clean Air Act programs most directly affecting the Registrants' operations are described below.



Mercury and Air Toxics Standards

In March 2011, the EPA proposed a rule that requires coal-fueled generating facilities to reduce mercury emissions and other hazardous air pollutants through the establishment of "Maximum Achievable Control Technology" standards. The final MATS became effective on April 16, 2012, and required that new and existing coal-fueled generating facilities achieve emission standards for mercury, acid gases and other non-mercury hazardous air pollutants. Existing sources were required to comply with the new standards by April 16, 2015 with the potential for individual sources to obtain an extension of up to one additional year, at the discretion of the Title V permitting authority, to complete installation of controls or for transmission system reliability reasons. The relevant Registrants have completed emission reduction projects to comply with the final rule's standards for acid gases and non-mercury metallic hazardous air pollutants.

MidAmerican Energy retired certain coal-fueled generating units as the least-cost alternative to comply with the MATS. Walter Scott, Jr. Energy Center Units 1 and 2 were retired in 2015, and George Neal Energy Center Units 1 and 2 were retired in April 2016. A fifth unit, Riverside Generating Station, was limited to natural gas combustion in March 2015.

Numerous lawsuits have been filed in the D.C. Circuit challenging the MATS. In April 2014, the D.C. Circuit upheld the MATS requirements. In November 2014, the United States Supreme Court agreed to hear the MATS appeal on the limited issue of whether the EPA unreasonably refused to consider costs in determining whether it is appropriate to regulate hazardous air pollutants emitted by electric utilities. Oral argument in the case was held before the United States Supreme Court in March 2015, and a decision was issued by the United States Supreme Court in June 2015, which reversed and remanded the MATS rule to the D.C. Circuit for further action. The United States Supreme Court held that the EPA had acted unreasonably when it deemed cost irrelevant to the decision to regulate generating facilities, and that cost, including costs of compliance, must be considered before deciding whether regulation is necessary and appropriate. The United States Supreme Court's decision did not vacate or stay implementation of the MATS rule. In December 2015, the D.C. Circuit issued an order remanding the rule to the EPA, without vacating the rule. As a result, the relevant Registrants continue to have a legal obligation under the MATS rule and the respective permits issued by the states in which each respective Registrant operates to comply with the MATS rule, including operating all emissions controls or otherwise complying with the MATS requirements.

On December 27, 2018, the EPA issued a proposed revised supplemental cost finding for the MATS, as well as the required risk and technology review under Clean Air Act Section 112. EPA proposes to determine that it is not appropriate and necessary to regulate hazardous air pollutant emissions from power plants under Section 112; however, EPA proposes to retain the emission standards and other requirements of the MATS rule, because EPA is not proposing to remove coal- and oil-fueled power plants from the list of sources regulated under Section 112. The public comment period on the proposal closed April 17, 2019. Until EPA takes final action on the rule, the relevant Registrants cannot fully determine the impacts of the proposed changes to the MATS rule.

Regional Haze

The EPA's Regional Haze Rule, finalized in 1999, requires states to develop and implement plans to improve visibility in designated federally protected areas ("Class I areas"). Some of PacifiCorp's coal-fueled generating facilities in Utah, Wyoming, Arizona and Colorado and certain of Nevada Power's and Sierra Pacific's fossil-fueled generating facilities are subject to the Clean Air Visibility Rules. In accordance with the federal requirements, states are required to submit SIPs that address emissions from sources subject to best available retrofit technology ("BART") requirements and demonstrate progress towards achieving natural visibility requirements in Class I areas by 2064.



The state of Utah issued a regional haze SIP requiring the installation of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter controls on Hunter Units 1 and 2, and Huntington Units 1 and 2. In December 2012, the EPA approved the sulfur dioxide portion of the Utah regional haze SIP and disapproved the nitrogen oxides and particulate matter portions. Subsequently, the Utah Division of Air Quality completed an alternative BART analysis for Hunter Units 1 and 2, and Huntington Units 1 and 2. In January 2016, the EPA published two alternative proposals to either approve the Utah SIP as written or reject the Utah SIP relating to nitrogen oxides controls and require the installation of selective catalytic reduction ("SCR") controls at Hunter Units 1 and 2 and Huntington Units 1 and 2 within five years. EPA's final action on the Utah regional haze SIP was effective August 4, 2016. The EPA approved in part and disapproved in part the Utah regional haze SIP and issued a federal implementation plan ("FIP") requiring the installation of SCR controls at Hunter Units 1 and 2 and Huntington Units 1 and 2 within five years of the effective date of the rule. PacifiCorp and other parties filed requests with the EPA to reconsider and stay that decision, as well as filed motions for stay and petitions for review with the Tenth Circuit asking the court to overturn the EPA's actions. In July 2017, the EPA issued a letter indicating it would reconsider its FIP decision. In light of the EPA's grant of reconsideration and the EPA's position in the litigation, the Tenth Circuit held the litigation in abeyance and imposed a stay of the compliance obligations of the FIP for the number of days the stay is in effect while the EPA conducts its reconsideration process. To support the reconsideration, PacifiCorp undertook additional air quality modeling using the CAMXComprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions ("CAMX") air quality dispersion model. On January 14,June 24, 2019, the Utah Air Quality Board unanimously voted to approve the Utah regional haze state implementation plan revision, which incorporates a best available retrofit technology alternative into Utah's regional haze state implementation plan. The best available retrofit technology alternative makes the shutdown of PacifiCorp's Carbon plant enforceable under the state implementation plan and removes the requirement to install selective catalytic reduction technology on Hunter Units 1 and 2 and Huntington Units 1 and 2. The Utah submitted a SIPDivision of Air Quality anticipates submitting the state implementation plan revision to the EPA which includes the updated modeling information and additional analysis.for approval in July 2019.

The state of Wyoming issued two regional haze SIPs requiring the installation of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter controls on certain PacifiCorp coal-fueled generating facilities in Wyoming. The EPA approved the sulfur dioxide SIP in December 2012 and the EPA's approval was upheld on appeal by the Tenth Circuit in October 2014. In addition, the EPA initially proposed in June 2012 to disapprove portions of the nitrogen oxides and particulate matter SIP and instead issue a FIP. The EPA withdrew its initial proposed actions on the nitrogen oxides and particulate matter SIP and the proposed FIP, published a re-proposed rule in June 2013, and finalized its determination in January 2014, which aligns more closely with the SIP proposed by the state of Wyoming. The EPA's final action on the Wyoming SIP approved the state's plan to have PacifiCorp install low-nitrogen oxides burners at Naughton Units 1 and 2, SCR controls at Naughton Unit 3 by December 2014, SCR controls at Jim Bridger Units 1 through 4 between 2015 and 2022, and low-nitrogen oxides burners at Dave Johnston Unit 4. The EPA disapproved a portion of the Wyoming SIP and issued a FIP for Dave Johnston Unit 3, where it required the installation of SCR controls by 2019 or, in lieu of installing SCR controls, a commitment to shut down Dave Johnston Unit 3 by 2027, its currently approved depreciable life. The EPA also disapproved a portion of the Wyoming SIP and issued a FIP for the Wyodak coal-fueled generating facility ("Wyodak Facility"), requiring the installation of SCR controls within five years (i.e., by 2019). The EPA action became final on March 3, 2014. PacifiCorp filed an appeal of the EPA's final action on the Wyodak Facility in March 2014. The state of Wyoming also filed an appeal of the EPA's final action, as did the Powder River Basin Resource Council, National Parks Conservation Association and Sierra Club. In September 2014, the Tenth Circuit issued a stay of the March 2019 compliance deadline for the Wyodak Facility, pending further action by the Tenth Circuit in the appeal. A stay remains in place and the case has not yet been set for oral argument. In June 2014, the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality issued a revised BART permit allowing Naughton Unit 3 to operate on coal through 2017 and providing for natural gas conversion of the unit in 2018; in October 2016, an application was filed with the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality requesting a revision of the dates for the end of coal firing and the start of gas firing for Naughton Unit 3 to align with the requirements of the Wyoming SIP. The Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality approved a change to the requirements for Naughton Unit 3, extending the requirement to cease coal firing to no later than January 30, 2019, and complete the gas conversion by June 30, 2019. On March 17, 2017, Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality issued an extension to operate the unit as a coal-fueled unit through January 30, 2019. The Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality submitted a proposed revision to the Wyoming SIP, including a change to the Naughton Unit 3 compliance date, to the EPA for approval on November 28, 2017. On November 7, 2018, the EPA published its proposed approval of the Wyoming SIP relative to the Naughton 3 gas conversion. The comment period closed December 7, 2018 and the EPA has not taken final action. PacifiCorp removed the unit from coal-fueled service on January 30, 2019, and is evaluating the economic benefits of converting it to a natural gas-fueled generation resource. On February 5, 2019, PacifiCorp submitted a reasonable progress reassessment permit application and reasonable progress determination for Jim Bridger Units 1 and 2, seeking a rescission of the December 2017 permit requiring the installation of selective catalytic reduction, to be replaced with a permit imposing plant-wide emission limits to achieve better modeled visibility, fewer overall environmental impacts and lower costs of compliance. The proposal willis expected to be open for public comment May 31, 2019 through June 30,in August 2019, and the state of Wyoming willplans to hold a public hearingshearing on July 1,August 20, 2019 to consider the proposal and public input.



The state of Arizona issued a regional haze SIP requiring, among other things, the installation of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter controls on Cholla Unit 4. The EPA approved in part, and disapproved in part, the Arizona SIP and issued a FIP for the disapproved portions requiring SCR controls on Cholla Unit 4. PacifiCorp filed an appeal in the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit ("Ninth Circuit") regarding the FIP as it relates to Cholla Unit 4, and the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality and other affected Arizona utilities filed separate appeals of the FIP as it relates to their interests. The Ninth Circuit issued an order in February 2015, holding the matter in abeyance while the parties pursued an alternate compliance approach for Cholla Unit 4. The Arizona Department of Environmental Quality's revision of the draft permit and revision to the Arizona regional haze SIP were approved by the EPA through final action published in the Federal Register on March 27, 2017, with an effective date of April 26, 2017. The final action allows Cholla Unit 4 to utilize coal until April 30, 2025 and convert to gas or otherwise cease burning coal by June 30, 2025.

The state of Colorado regional haze SIP requires SCR controls at Craig Unit 2 and Hayden Units 1 and 2, in which PacifiCorp has ownership interests. Each of those regional haze compliance projects are either already in service or currently being constructed. In addition, in February 2015, the state of Colorado finalized an amendment to its regional haze SIP relating to Craig Unit 1, in which PacifiCorp has an ownership interest, to require the installation of SCR controls by 2021. In September 2016, the owners of Craig Units 1 and 2 reached an agreement with state and federal agencies and certain environmental groups that were parties to the previous settlement requiring SCR to retire Unit 1 by December 31, 2025, in lieu of SCR installation, or alternatively to remove the unit from coal-fueled service by August 31, 2021 with an option to convert the unit to natural gas by August 31, 2023, in lieu of SCR installation. The terms of the agreement were approved by the Colorado Air Quality Board in December 2016. The terms of the agreement were incorporated into an amended Colorado regional haze SIP in 2017 and were submitted to the EPA for its review and approval. The EPA's approval of the amended Colorado regional haze SIP was published in the Federal Register on July 5, 2018, with an effective date of August 6, 2018.

Until the EPA takes final action in each state and decisions have been made in the pending appeals, PacifiCorp cannot fully determine the impacts of the Regional Haze Rule on its respective generating facilities.

The Navajo Generating Station, in which Nevada Power is a joint owner with an 11.3% ownership share, is also a source that is subject to the regional haze BART requirements. In January 2013, the EPA announced a proposed FIP addressing BART and an alternative for the Navajo Generating Station that includes a flexible timeline for reducing nitrogen oxides emissions. The EPA issued a final FIP on August 8, 2014 adopting, with limited changes, the Navajo Generating Station proposal as a "better than BART" determination. Nevada Power filed the ERCR Plan in May 2014 that proposed to eliminate its ownership participation in the Navajo Generating Station in 2019, which was approved by the PUCN. In February 2017, the non-federal owners of the Navajo Generating Station announced the facility will shut down on or before December 23, 2019, unless new owners can be found. All current owners have since approved a lease extension with the Navajo Nation to allow operations to continue through 2019. On March 21, 2019, the Navajo Nation Council voted to end efforts to transition ownership and extend facility operations. The plant will cease operations by the end of 2019. Ownership transfer negotiations and closure preparations are ongoing and, until concluded, the relevant Registrant cannot determine whether additional action may be required.



Water Quality Standards

The federal Water Pollution Control Act ("Clean Water Act") establishes the framework for maintaining and improving water quality in the United States through a program that regulates, among other things, discharges to and withdrawals from waterways. The Clean Water Act requires that cooling water intake structures reflect the "best technology available for minimizing adverse environmental impact" to aquatic organisms. After significant litigation, the EPA released a proposed rule under §316(b) of the Clean Water Act to regulate cooling water intakes at existing facilities. The final rule was released in May 2014, and became effective in October 2014. Under the final rule, existing facilities that withdraw at least 25% of their water exclusively for cooling purposes and have a design intake flow of greater than two million gallons per day are required to reduce fish impingement (i.e., when fish and other aquatic organisms are trapped against screens when water is drawn into a facility's cooling system) by choosing one of seven options. Facilities that withdraw at least 125 million gallons of water per day from waters of the United States must also conduct studies to help their permitting authority determine what site-specific controls, if any, would be required to reduce entrainment of aquatic organisms (i.e., when organisms are drawn into the facility). PacifiCorp and MidAmerican Energy are assessing the options for compliance at their generating facilities impacted by the final rule and will complete impingement and entrainment studies. PacifiCorp's Dave Johnston generating facility and all of MidAmerican Energy's coal-fueled generating facilities, except Louisa, Ottumwa and Walter Scott, Jr. Unit 4, which have water cooling towers, withdraw more than 125 million gallons per day of water from waters of the United States for once-through cooling applications. PacifiCorp's Jim Bridger, Naughton, Gadsby, Hunter and Huntington generating facilities currently utilize closed cycle cooling towers but are designed to withdraw more than two million gallons of water per day. The standards are required to be met as soon as possible after the effective date of the final rule, but no later than eight years thereafter. The costs of compliance with the cooling water intake structure rule cannot be fully determined until the prescribed studies are conducted and the respective state environmental agencies review the studies to determine whether additional mitigation technologies should be applied. In the event that PacifiCorp's or MidAmerican Energy's existing intake structures require modification, the costs are not anticipated to be significant to the consolidated financial statements. Nevada Power and Sierra Pacific do not utilize once-through cooling water intake or discharge structures at any of their generating facilities. All of the Nevada Power and Sierra Pacific generating stations are designed to have either minimal or zero discharge; therefore, they are not impacted by the §316(b) final rule.

In November 2015, the EPA published final effluent limitation guidelines and standards for the steam electric power generating sector which, among other things, regulate the discharge of bottom ash transport water, fly ash transport water, combustion residual leachate and non-chemical metal cleaning wastes. These guidelines, which had not been revised since 1982, were revised in response to the EPA's concerns that the addition of controls for air emissions has changed the effluent discharged from coal- and natural gas-fueled generating facilities. Under the originally-promulgated guidelines, permitting authorities were required to include the new limits in each impacted facility's discharge permit upon renewal with the new limits to be met as soon as possible, beginning November 1, 2018 and fully implemented by December 31, 2023. On April 5, 2017, a request for reconsideration and administrative stay of the guidelines was filed with the EPA. The EPA granted the request for reconsideration on April 12, 2017, imposed an immediate administrative stay of compliance dates in the rule that had not passed judicial review and requested the court stay the pending litigation over the rule until September 12, 2017. On June 6, 2017, the EPA proposed to extend many of the compliance deadlines that would otherwise occur in 2018 and on September 18, 2017, the EPA issued a final rule extending certain compliance dates for flue gas desulfurization wastewater and bottom ash transport water limits until November 1, 2020. In a separate action, on April 12, 2019, the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeal vacated two aspects of the final effluent limitation guidelines, concerning discharge limits for (1) legacy wastewater from ash transport or treatment systems and (2) combustion residual leachate from landfills or settling ponds. The Firth Circuit found that EPA's own data did not support the agency's conclusion that impoundments were the best technology available for these two waste streams. EPA must now complete a new effluent limitation guideline for these discharge limits. While most of the issues raised by effluent limitation guidelines are already being addressed through the coal combustion residuals rule and are not expected to impose significant additional requirements on the facilities, the impact of the rule cannot be fully determined until the reconsideration and remand actions are complete and any judicial review is conducted.



In April 2014, the EPA and the United States Army Corps of Engineers issued a joint proposal to address "waters of the United States" to clarify protection under the Clean Water Act for streams and wetlands. The proposed rule comes as a result of United States Supreme Court decisions in 2001 and 2006 that created confusion regarding jurisdictional waters that were subject to permitting under either nationwide or individual permitting requirements. The final rule was released in May 2015 but is currently under appeal in multiple courts and a nationwide stay on the implementation of the rule was issued in October 2015. On January 13, 2017, the United States Supreme Court granted a petition to address jurisdictional challenges to the rule. The EPA plans to undertake a two-step process, with the first step to repeal the 2015 rule and the second step to carry out a notice-and-comment rulemaking in which a substantive re-evaluation of the definition of the "waters of the United States" will be undertaken. On July 27, 2017, the EPA and the Corps of Engineers issued a proposal to repeal the final rule and recodify the pre-existing rules pending issuance of a new rule and on November 16, 2017, the agencies proposed to extend the implementation day of the "waters of the United States" rule to 2020; neither of the proposals has been finalized. On January 22, 2018, the United States Supreme Court issued its decision related to the jurisdictional challenges to the rule, holding that federal district courts, rather than federal appeals courts, have proper jurisdiction to hear challenges to the rule and instructed the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals to dismiss the petitions for review for lack of jurisdiction, clearing the way for imposition of the rule in certain states barring final action by the EPA to formalize the extension of the compliance deadline. On December 11, 2018, the EPA and the Corps of Engineers proposed a revised definition of "waters of the United States" that is intended further clarify jurisdictional questions, eliminate case-by-case determinations and narrow Clean Water Act jurisdiction to align with Justice Scalia's 2006 opinion in Rapanos v. United States. The public comment period closed April 15, 2019. Until the rule is fully litigated and finalized, the Registrants cannot determine whether projects that include construction and demolition will face more complex permitting issues, higher costs or increased requirements for compensatory mitigation.

Coal Combustion Byproduct Disposal

In May 2010, the EPA released a proposed rule to regulate the management and disposal of coal combustion byproducts under the RCRA. The final rule was released by the EPA on December 19, 2014, was published in the Federal Register on April 17, 2015 and was effective on October 19, 2015. The final rule regulates coal combustion byproducts as non-hazardous waste under RCRA Subtitle D and establishes minimum nationwide standards for the disposal of coal combustion residuals. Under the final rule, surface impoundments and landfills utilized for coal combustion byproducts may need to be closed unless they can meet the more stringent regulatory requirements. The final rule requires regulated entities to post annual groundwater monitoring and corrective action reports. The first of these reports was posted to the respective Registrant's coal combustion rule compliance data and information websites in March 2018. Based on the results in those reports, additional action may be required under the rule.

At the time the rule was published in April 2015, PacifiCorp operated 18 surface impoundments and seven landfills that contained coal combustion byproducts. Prior to the effective date of the rule in October 2015, nine surface impoundments and three landfills were either closed or repurposed to no longer receive coal combustion byproducts and hence are not subject to the final rule. As PacifiCorp proceeded to implement the final coal combustion rule, it was determined that two surface impoundments located at the Dave Johnston Generating Station were hydraulically connected and effectively constitute a single impoundment. In November 2017, a new surface impoundment was placed into service at the Naughton Generating Station. At the time the rule was published in April 2015, MidAmerican Energy owned or operated nine surface impoundments and four landfills that contain coal combustion byproducts. Prior to the effective date of the rule in October 2015, MidAmerican Energy closed or repurposed six surface impoundments to no longer receive coal combustion byproducts. Five of these surface impoundments were closed on or before December 21, 2017 and the sixth is undergoing closure. At the time the rule was published in April 2015, the Nevada Utilities operated ten evaporative surface impoundments and two landfills that contained coal combustion byproducts. Prior to the effective date of the rule in October 2015, the Nevada Utilities closed four of the surface impoundments, four impoundments discontinued receipt of coal combustion byproducts making them inactive and two surface impoundments remain active and subject to the final rule. The two landfills remain active and subject to the final rule. Refer to Note 13 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of Berkshire Hathaway Energy in Item 8 of thisthe Form 10-K and Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of PacifiCorp in Item 8 of thisthe Form 10-K for discussion of the impacts on asset retirement obligations as a result of the final rule.

Additional substantive revisions to the rule are expected to be finalized by the EPA by December 2019 but have not yet been released for public comment. If adopted, certain elements of the proposal have the potential to reduce costs of compliance. The D.C. Circuit issued a decision on August 21, 2018, vacating several elements of the rule, including closure provisions for unlined surface impoundments, and finding that the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act provides the EPA authority to regulate inactive surface impoundments at inactive facilities. The court's order was effective October 15, 2018, and as a result, the EPA will need to undertake additional rulemaking to implement the court's order. Until such time as additional rulemaking is final, the impacts on the Registrants cannot be determined.



Multiple parties filed challenges over various aspects of the final rule in the D.C. Circuit in 2015, resulting in settlement of some of the issues and subsequent regulatory action by the EPA, including subjecting inactive surface impoundments to regulation. Oral argument was held by the D.C. Circuit on November 20, 2017 over certain portions of the 2015 rule that had not been settled or otherwise remanded. On August 21, 2018, the D.C. Circuit issued its opinion in Utility Solid Waste Activities Group v. EPA, finding it was arbitrary and capricious for EPA to allow unlined ash ponds to continue operating until some unknown point in the future when groundwater contamination could be detected. The D.C. Circuit vacated the closure section of the CCR rule and remanded the issue of unlined ponds to EPA for reconsideration with specific instructions to consider harm to the environment, not just to human health. The D.C. Circuit also held EPA's decision to not regulate legacy ponds was arbitrary and capricious. While the D.C. Circuit's decision was pending, the EPA, on March 15, 2018, issued a proposal to address provisions of the final coal combustion rule that were remanded back to the agency on June 14, 2016, by the D.C. Circuit. The proposal included provisions that establish alternative performance standards for owners and operators of coal combustion residuals units located in states that have approved permit programs or are otherwise subject to oversight through a permit program administered by the EPA. The EPA published the first phase of the coal combustion rule amendments on July 30, 2018, with an effective date of August 28, 2018 (the "Phase 1, Part 1 rule"). In addition to adopting alternative performance standards and revising groundwater performance standards for certain constituents, EPA extended the deadline by which facilities must initiate closure of unlined ash ponds exceeding a groundwater protection standard and impoundments that do not meet the rule's aquifer location restrictions to October 31, 2020. Following submittal of competing motions from environmental groups and the EPA to stay or remand this deadline extension, on March 13, 2019, the D.C. Circuit granted EPA's request to remand the rule, without vacatur, leaving the October 31, 2020 deadline in place while the agency undertakes a new rulemaking establishing a new deadline for initiating closure. Until the rule is fully litigated and finalized, the Registrants cannot determine whether additional action may be required.

Separately, on August 10, 2017, the EPA issued proposed permitting guidance on how states' coal combustion residuals permit programs should comply with the requirements of the final rule as authorized under the December 2016 Water Infrastructure Improvements for the Nation Act. Utilizing that guidance, the state of Oklahoma submitted an application to the EPA for approval of its state program and, on June 28, 2018, the EPA's approval of the application was published in the Federal Register. Environmental groups, including Waterkeeper Alliance and the Sierra Club, filed suit in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia on September 26, 2018, alleging that the EPA unlawfully approved Oklahoma's permit program. This suit also incorporates claims first identified in a July 26, 2018 notice of intent to sue that alleged the EPA failed to perform nondiscretionary duties related to the development and publication of minimum guidelines for public participation in the approval of state permit programs for coal combustion residuals. To date, none of the states in which the Registrants operate has submitted an application for approval of state permitting authority. The state of Utah adopted the federal final rule in September 2016, which required two landfills to submit permit applications by March 2017. It is anticipated that the state of Utah will submit an application for approval of its coal combustion residuals permit program prior to the end of 2019.

Notwithstanding the status of the final coal combustion residuals rule, citizens' suits have been filed against regulated entities seeking judicial relief for contamination alleged to have been caused by releases of coal combustion byproducts. Some of these cases have been successful in imposing liability upon companies if coal combustion byproducts contaminate groundwater that is ultimately released or connected to surface water. In addition, actions have been filed against regulated entities seeking to require that surface impoundments containing coal combustion residuals be subject to closure by removal rather than being allowed to effectuate closure in place as provided under the final rule. The Registrants are not a party to these lawsuits and until they are resolved, the Registrants cannot predict the impact on overall compliance obligations.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Certain accounting measurements require management to make estimates and judgments concerning transactions that will be settled several years in the future. Amounts recognized on the Consolidated Financial Statements based on such estimates involve numerous assumptions subject to varying and potentially significant degrees of judgment and uncertainty and will likely change in the future as additional information becomes available. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, the accounting for the effects of certain types of regulation, derivatives, impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets, pension and other postretirement benefits, income taxes and revenue recognition - unbilled revenue. For additional discussion of the Company's critical accounting estimates, see Item 7 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. There have been no significant changes in the Company's assumptions regarding critical accounting estimates since December 31, 2018.



PacifiCorp and its subsidiaries
Consolidated Financial Section



PART I
Item 1.Financial Statements


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM


To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
PacifiCorp

Results of Review of Interim Financial Information
We have reviewed the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of PacifiCorp and subsidiaries ("PacifiCorp") as of March 31,June 30, 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations and changes in shareholders' equity for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, and of cash flows for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "interim financial information"). Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying interim financial information for it to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
 
We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheet of PacifiCorp as of December 31, 2018, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders' equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated February 22, 2019, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.

Basis for Review Results
This interim financial information is the responsibility of PacifiCorp's management. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to PacifiCorp in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our reviews in accordance with standards of the PCAOB. A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

 
Portland, Oregon
May 3,August 2, 2019



PACIFICORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

 As of As of
 March 31, December 31, June 30, December 31,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
ASSETS
Current assets:        
Cash and cash equivalents $669
 $77
 $536
 $77
Trade receivables, net 591
 640
 606
 640
Other receivables, net 114
 92
 76
 92
Inventories 406
 417
 440
 417
Other current assets 152
 133
 139
 133
Total current assets 1,932
 1,359
 1,797
 1,359
        
Property, plant and equipment, net 19,698
 19,570
 20,156
 19,570
Regulatory assets 1,090
 1,076
 1,083
 1,076
Other assets 329
 308
 330
 308
        
Total assets $23,049
 $22,313
 $23,366
 $22,313

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


PACIFICORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) (continued)
(Amounts in millions)

 As of As of
 March 31, December 31, June 30, December 31,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:        
Accounts payable $583
 $597
 $670
 $597
Accrued interest 105
 114
 114
 114
Accrued property, income and other taxes 142
 75
 190
 75
Accrued employee expenses 108
 79
 115
 79
Short-term debt 
 30
Current portion of long-term debt 
 350
 
 350
Regulatory liabilities 83
 77
 82
 77
Other current liabilities 196
 223
 197
 193
Total current liabilities 1,217
 1,515
 1,368
 1,515
        
Long-term debt 7,656
 6,665
 7,656
 6,665
Regulatory liabilities 2,989
 2,978
 2,999
 2,978
Deferred income taxes 2,551
 2,543
 2,543
 2,543
Other long-term liabilities 786
 767
 783
 767
Total liabilities 15,199
 14,468
 15,349
 14,468
        
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)        
        
Shareholders' equity:        
Preferred stock 2
 2
 2
 2
Common stock - 750 shares authorized, no par value, 357 shares issued and outstanding 
 
 
 
Additional paid-in capital 4,479
 4,479
 4,479
 4,479
Retained earnings 3,381
 3,377
 3,548
 3,377
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net (12) (13) (12) (13)
Total shareholders' equity 7,850
 7,845
 8,017
 7,845
        
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $23,049
 $22,313
 $23,366
 $22,313

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



PACIFICORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
 2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
           
Operating revenue $1,259
 $1,184
$1,167
 $1,193
 $2,426
 $2,377
  
   
      
Operating expenses:           
Cost of fuel and energy 465
 433
384
 402
 849
 835
Operations and maintenance 256
 250
255
 261
 511
 511
Depreciation and amortization 205
 202
209
 197
 414
 399
Property and other taxes 49
 52
51
 49
 100
 101
Total operating expenses 975
 937
899
 909
 1,874
 1,846
  
   
      
Operating income 284
 247
268
 284
 552
 531
  
   
      
Other income (expense):  
   
      
Interest expense (96) (96)(102) (96) (198) (192)
Allowance for borrowed funds 7
 4
8
 4
 15
 8
Allowance for equity funds 14
 7
16
 8
 30
 15
Interest and dividend income7
 3
 12
 6
Other, net 12
 11
9
 8
 16
 16
Total other income (expense) (63) (74)(62) (73) (125) (147)
  
   
      
Income before income tax expense 221
 173
206
 211
 427
 384
Income tax expense 42
 25
38
 27
 80
 52
Net income $179
 $148
$168
 $184
 $347
 $332

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



PACIFICORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

         Accumulated           Accumulated  
     Additional   Other Total     Additional   Other Total
 Preferred Common Paid-in Retained Comprehensive Shareholders' Preferred Common Paid-in Retained Comprehensive Shareholders'
 Stock Stock Capital Earnings Loss, Net Equity Stock Stock Capital Earnings Loss, Net Equity
                        
Balance, March 31, 2018
$2

$

$4,479

$2,987

$(15)
$7,453
Net income 
 
 
 184
 
 184
Common stock dividends declared 
 
 
 (100) 
 (100)
Balance, June 30, 2018 $2
 $
 $4,479
 $3,071
 $(15) $7,537
            
Balance, December 31, 2017 $2
 $
 $4,479
 $3,089
 $(15) $7,555
 $2
 $
 $4,479
 $3,089
 $(15) $7,555
Net income 
 
 
 148
 
 148
 
 
 
 332
 
 332
Common stock dividends declared 
 
 
 (250) 
 (250) 
 
 
 (350) 
 (350)
Balance, March 31, 2018 $2
 $
 $4,479
 $2,987
 $(15) $7,453
Balance, June 30, 2018 $2
 $
 $4,479
 $3,071
 $(15) $7,537
  
  
  
  
  
  
Balance, March 31, 2019 $2
 $
 $4,479
 $3,381
 $(12) $7,850
Net income 
 
 
 168
 
 168
Other comprehensive loss 
 
 
 (1) 
 (1)
Common stock dividends declared 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance, June 30, 2019 $2
 $
 $4,479
 $3,548
 $(12) $8,017
  
  
  
  
  
  
            
Balance, December 31, 2018 $2
 $
 $4,479
 $3,377
 $(13) $7,845
 $2
 $
 $4,479
 $3,377
 $(13) $7,845
Net income 
 
 
 179
 
 179
 
 
 
 347
 
 347
Other comprehensive income 
 
 
 
 1
 1
 
 
 
 (1) 1
 
Common stock dividends declared 
 
 
 (175) 
 (175) 
 
 
 (175) 
 (175)
Balance, March 31, 2019 $2
 $
 $4,479
 $3,381
 $(12) $7,850
Balance, June 30, 2019 $2
 $
 $4,479
 $3,548
 $(12) $8,017

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



PACIFICORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

Three-Month PeriodsSix-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income$179
 $148
$347
 $332
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization205
 202
414
 399
Allowance for equity funds(14) (7)(30) (15)
Changes in regulatory assets and liabilities(35) 60
(22) 116
Deferred income taxes and amortization of investment tax credits5
 (28)(8) (52)
Other, net(1) 1
(5) 1
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities:   
   
Trade receivables, other receivables and other assets28
 97
64
 33
Inventories11
 (12)(23) (16)
Derivative collateral, net7
 (3)4
 (3)
Accrued property, income and other taxes, net68
 83
115
 111
Accounts payable and other liabilities41
 (8)(14) 11
Net cash flows from operating activities494
 533
842
 917
   
   
Cash flows from investing activities:   
   
Capital expenditures(337) (236)(817) (499)
Other, net1
 (1)4
 
Net cash flows from investing activities(336) (237)(813) (499)
   
   
Cash flows from financing activities:   
   
Proceeds from long-term debt990
 
990
 
Repayments of long-term debt(350) (86)(350) (86)
Net (repayments of) proceeds from short-term debt(30) 28
Dividends paid(175) (250)(175) (350)
Other, net(31) 43
(2) (2)
Net cash flows from financing activities434
 (293)433
 (410)
   
   
Net change in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents592
 3
462
 8
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period92
 29
92
 29
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period$684
 $32
$554
 $37
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



PACIFICORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

(1)
General

PacifiCorp, which includes PacifiCorp and its subsidiaries, is a United States regulated electric utility company serving retail customers, including residential, commercial, industrial, irrigation and other customers in portions of Utah, Oregon, Wyoming, Washington, Idaho and California. PacifiCorp owns, or has interests in, a number of thermal, hydroelectric, wind-powered and geothermal generating facilities, as well as electric transmission and distribution assets. PacifiCorp also buys and sells electricity on the wholesale market with other utilities, energy marketing companies, financial institutions and other market participants. PacifiCorp is subject to comprehensive state and federal regulation. PacifiCorp's subsidiaries support its electric utility operations by providing coal mining services. PacifiCorp is an indirect subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company ("BHE"), a holding company based in Des Moines, Iowa that owns subsidiaries principally engaged in energy businesses. BHE is a consolidated subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Inc. ("Berkshire Hathaway").

The unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and regulations for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP for annual financial statements. Management believes the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for the fair presentation of the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and for the three-monththree- and six-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018. The Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income have been omitted as net income materially equals comprehensive income for the three-monththree- and six-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018. The results of operations for the three-monththree- and six-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

The preparation of the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period. Actual results may differ from the estimates used in preparing the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in PacifiCorp's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 describes the most significant accounting policies used in the preparation of the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. There have been no significant changes in PacifiCorp's assumptions regarding significant accounting estimates and policies, except as disclosed in Note 4, during the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2019.

(2)Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents consist of funds invested in money market mutual funds, United States Treasury Bills and other investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased. Cash and cash equivalents exclude amounts where availability is restricted by legal requirements, loan agreements or other contractual provisions. Restricted cash and cash equivalents consist substantially of funds representing escrow accounts for disputes, vendor retention, custodial and nuclear decommissioning funds. Restricted amounts are included in other current assets and other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. A reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows is outlined below and disaggregated by the line items in which they appear on the Consolidated Balance Sheets (in millions):
As ofAs of
March 31, December 31,June 30, December 31,
2019 20182019 2018
Cash and cash equivalents$669
 $77
$536
 $77
Restricted cash included in other current assets13
 13
16
 13
Restricted cash included in other assets2
 2
2
 2
Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents$684
 $92
$554
 $92



(3)Property, Plant and Equipment, Net

Property, plant and equipment, net consists of the following (in millions):
  As of  As of
  March 31, December 31,  June 30, December 31,
Depreciable Life 2019 2018Depreciable Life 2019 2018
Utility Plant:        
Utility plant in-service5-75 years $28,455
 $28,399
Generation14 - 67 years $12,588
 $12,606
Transmission58 - 75 years 6,451
 6,357
Distribution20 - 70 years 7,150
 7,030
Intangible plant(1)
5 - 75 years 974
 970
Other5 - 60 years 1,425
 1,436
Utility plant in service 28,588
 28,399
Accumulated depreciation and amortization (10,105) (10,034) (10,234) (10,034)
Utility plant in-service, net 18,350
 18,365
 18,354
 18,365
Other non-regulated, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization47 years 10
 10
47 years 10
 10
Plant, net 18,360
 18,375
 18,364
 18,375
Construction work-in-progress 1,338
 1,195
 1,792
 1,195
Property, plant and equipment, net $19,698
 $19,570
 $20,156
 $19,570

(1)Computer software costs included in intangible plant are initially assigned a depreciable life of 5 to 10 years.

(4)    Leases

Adoption

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-02, which creates FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 842, "Leases" and supersedes Topic 840 "Leases." This guidance increases transparency and comparability among entities by recording lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. A lessee should recognize on the balance sheet a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. The recognition, measurement and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee have not significantly changed from previous guidance. Following the issuance of ASU No. 2016-02, the FASB issued several ASUs that clarified the implementation guidance for ASU No. 2016-02 but did not change the core principle of the guidance. PacifiCorp adopted this guidance for all applicable contracts in effect as of January 1, 2019 under a modified retrospective method and the adoption did not have a cumulative effect impact at the date of initial adoption.

PacifiCorp has elected to utilize various practical expedients available to adopt ASU No. 2016-02, including (1) the package of three not requiring a reassessment of (i) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases; (ii) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases; and (iii) initial direct costs for any existing leases; (2) using hindsight in determining the lease term; and (3) not requiring a reassessment of whether existing or expired land easements that were not previously accounted for as leases under ASC Topic 840 are or contain a lease under ASC Topic 842.



Leases

Lessee

PacifiCorp has non-cancelable operating leases primarily for land, office space, office equipment, and generating facilities and finance leases consisting primarily of office buildings, natural gas pipeline facilities, and generating facilities. These leases generally require PacifiCorp to pay for insurance, taxes and maintenance applicable to the leased property. Given the capital intensive nature of the utility industry, it is common for a portion of lease costs to be capitalized when used during construction or maintenance of assets, in which the associated costs will be capitalized with the corresponding asset and depreciated over the remaining life of that asset. Certain leases contain renewal options for varying periods and escalation clauses for adjusting rent to reflect changes in price indices. PacifiCorp does not include options in its lease calculations unless there is a triggering event indicating PacifiCorp is reasonably certain to exercise the option. PacifiCorp's accounting policy is to not recognize lease obligations and corresponding right-of-use assets for leases with contract terms of one year or less and not separate lease components from non-lease components and instead account for each separate lease component and the non-lease components associated with a lease as a single lease component. Leases will be evaluated for impairment in line with ASC 360, "Property, Plant and Equipment" when a triggering event has occurred that might affect the value and use of the assets being leased.



PacifiCorp's leases of generating facilities generally are for the long-term purchase of electric energy, also known as power purchase agreements ("PPA"). PPAs are generally signed before or during the early stages of project construction and can yield a lease that has not yet commenced. These agreements are primarily for renewable energy and the payments are considered variable lease payments as they are based on the amount of output.

PacifiCorp's operating and finance right-of-use assets are recorded in other assets and the operating and finance lease liabilities are recorded in current and long-term other liabilities accordingly. The right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for finance leases as of December 31, 2018 have been reclassified from property, plant and equipment, net and current portion of long-term and long-term debt, respectively, to conform to the current period presentation. The following table summarizes PacifiCorp's leases recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet (in millions):
As ofAs of
March 31,June 30,
20192019
Right-of-use assets:  
Operating leases$14
$14
Finance leases20
20
Total right-of-use assets$34
$34
  
Lease liabilities:  
Operating leases$14
$14
Finance leases20
20
Total lease liabilities$34
$34



The following table summarizes PacifiCorp's lease costs (in millions):
 Three-Month Period Six-Month Period
 Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
 2019 2019
    
Variable$16
 $26
Operating1
 1
Finance:   
Amortization
 1
Interest1
 1
Short-term1
 1
Total lease costs$19
 $30
    
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years):
  
Operating leases  13.6
Finance leases  9.5
    
Weighted-average discount rate:   
Operating leases  3.7%
Finance leases  10.6%

Cash payments associated with operating and finance lease liabilities approximated lease cost. The following table summarizes PacifiCorp's lease costs (in millions):
 Three-Month Period
 Ended March 31,
 2019
  
Variable$9
Operating1
Finance: 
Interest1
Total lease costs$11
  
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases13.6
Finance leases9.7
  
Weighted-average discount rate: 
Operating leases3.7%
Finance leases10.6%


cost for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

PacifiCorp has the following remaining lease commitments as of (in millions):
March 31, 2019 
December 31, 2018(1)
June 30, 2019 
December 31, 2018(1)
Operating Finance Total Operating Capital TotalOperating Finance Total Operating Capital Total
2019$2
 $3
 $5
 $3
 $4
 $7
$2
 $2
 $4
 $3
 $4
 $7
20202
 3
 5
 3
 4
 7
2
 3
 5
 3
 4
 7
20212
 7
 9
 3
 7
 10
2
 7
 9
 3
 7
 10
20222
 3
 5
 2
 3
 5
2
 3
 5
 2
 3
 5
20232
 2
 4
 2
 2
 4
2
 2
 4
 2
 2
 4
Thereafter8
 16
 24
 7
 16
 23
8
 16
 24
 7
 16
 23
Total undiscounted lease payments18
 34
 52
 $20
 $36
 $56
18
 33
 51
 $20
 $36
 $56
Less - amounts representing interest(4) (14) (18)      (4) (13) (17)      
Lease liabilities$14
 $20
 $34
   

  $14
 $20
 $34
   

  

(1)     Amounts included for comparability and accounted for in accordance with ASC 840, "Leases".  

(5)Recent Financing Transactions

Long-Term Debt

In March 2019, PacifiCorp issued $400 million of its 3.50% First Mortgage Bonds due June 2029 and $600 million of its 4.15% First Mortgage Bonds due February 2050. PacifiCorp used a portion of the net proceeds to repay short-term debt that was partially incurred in January 2019 to repay all of PacifiCorp's $350 million 5.50% First Mortgage Bonds due January 2019 and intends to use the remaining net proceeds to fund capital expenditures and for general corporate purposes.



Credit Facilities

In May 2019, PacifiCorp extended, with lender consent, the expiration date for each of its two existing $600 million unsecured credit facilities to June 2022 by exercising the remaining one-year extension option for one facility and exercising the first of two available one-year extensions for the second facility.

In March 2019, PacifiCorp completed a re-offering of variable rate tax-exempt bond obligations totaling $168 million, involving the cancellation, at PacifiCorp's request, of $170 million of letters of credit support by the issuing banks. As a result, PacifiCorp's credit facility support for outstanding variable rate tax-exempt bond obligations increased by $168 million.

(6)Income Taxes

A reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax rate to the effective income tax rate applicable to income before income tax expense is as follows:
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
          
Federal statutory income tax rate21 % 21 %21 % 21 % 21 % 21 %
State income tax, net of federal income tax benefit3
 4
3
 4
 3
 4
Federal income tax credits(4) (5)(4) (5) (4) (5)
Effects of ratemaking(1) (4)(1) (4) (1) (4)
Other
 (2)(1) (3) 
 (2)
Effective income tax rate19 % 14 %18 % 13 % 19 % 14 %

Income tax credits relate primarily to production tax credits earned by PacifiCorp's wind-powered generating facilities. Federal renewable electricity production tax credits are earned as energy from qualifying wind-powered generating facilities is produced and sold and are based on a per-kilowatt hour rate pursuant to the applicable federal income tax law. Wind-powered generating facilities are eligible for the credits for 10 years from the date the qualifying generating facilities are placed in-service.



(7)Employee Benefit Plans

Net periodic benefit (credit)credit for the pension and other postretirement benefit plans included the following components (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
Pension:          
Service cost$
 $
$
 $
 
 
Interest cost11
 11
11
 10
 22
 21
Expected return on plan assets(17) (18)(16) (18) (33) (36)
Net amortization3
 3
3
 4
 6
 7
Net periodic benefit credit$(3) $(4)$(2) $(4) (5) (8)
          
Other postretirement:          
Service cost$
 $
$1
 $1
 1
 1
Interest cost3
 3
3
 3
 6
 6
Expected return on plan assets(5) (5)(5) (6) (10) (11)
Net amortization
 (1)
 (2) 
 (3)
Net periodic benefit credit$(2) $(3)$(1) $(4) (3) (7)



Amounts other than the service cost for pension and other postretirement benefit plans are recorded in Other, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Employer contributions to the pension and other postretirement benefit plans are expected to be $4 million and $- million, respectively, during 2019. As of March 31,June 30, 2019, $1$2 million and $- million of contributions had been made to the pension and other postretirement benefit plans, respectively.

(8)Risk Management and Hedging Activities

PacifiCorp is exposed to the impact of market fluctuations in commodity prices and interest rates. PacifiCorp is principally exposed to electricity, natural gas, coal and fuel oil commodity price risk as it has an obligation to serve retail customer load in its regulated service territories. PacifiCorp's load and generating facilities represent substantial underlying commodity positions. Exposures to commodity prices consist mainly of variations in the price of fuel required to generate electricity and wholesale electricity that is purchased and sold. Commodity prices are subject to wide price swings as supply and demand are impacted by, among many other unpredictable items, weather, market liquidity, generating facility availability, customer usage, storage, and transmission and transportation constraints. Interest rate risk exists on variable-rate debt and future debt issuances. PacifiCorp does not engage in a material amount of proprietary trading activities.

PacifiCorp has established a risk management process that is designed to identify, assess, manage, mitigate, monitor and report each of the various types of risk involved in its business. To mitigate a portion of its commodity price risk, PacifiCorp uses commodity derivative contracts, which may include forwards, options, swaps and other agreements, to effectively secure future supply or sell future production generally at fixed prices. PacifiCorp manages its interest rate risk by limiting its exposure to variable interest rates primarily through the issuance of fixed-rate long-term debt and by monitoring market changes in interest rates. Additionally, PacifiCorp may from time to time enter into interest rate derivative contracts, such as interest rate swaps or locks, to mitigate PacifiCorp's exposure to interest rate risk. No interest rate derivatives were in place during the periods presented. PacifiCorp does not hedge all of its commodity price and interest rate risks, thereby exposing the unhedged portion to changes in market prices.

There have been no significant changes in PacifiCorp's accounting policies related to derivatives. Refer to Note 9 for additional information on derivative contracts.



The following table, which reflects master netting arrangements and excludes contracts that have been designated as normal under the normal purchases or normal sales exception afforded by GAAP, summarizes the fair value of PacifiCorp's derivative contracts, on a gross basis, and reconciles those amounts to the amounts presented on a net basis on the Consolidated Balance Sheets (in millions):
Other   Other Other  Other   Other Other  
Current Other Current Long-term  Current Other Current Long-term  
Assets Assets Liabilities Liabilities TotalAssets Assets Liabilities Liabilities Total
                  
As of March 31, 2019         
As of June 30, 2019         
Not designated as hedging contracts(1):
                  
Commodity assets$37
 $8
 $6
 $1
 $52
$13
 $5
 $9
 $
 $27
Commodity liabilities(8) 
 (59) (64) (131)(6) (1) (63) (59) (129)
Total29
 8
 (53) (63) (79)7
 4
 (54) (59) (102)
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
Total derivatives29
 8
 (53) (63) (79)7
 4
 (54) (59) (102)
Cash collateral (payable) receivable(3) 
 16
 39
 52
(1) 
 19
 37
 55
Total derivatives - net basis$26
 $8
 $(37) $(24) $(27)$6
 $4
 $(35) $(22) $(47)
                  
As of December 31, 2018                  
Not designated as hedging contracts(1):
                  
Commodity assets$36
 $4
 $10
 $1
 $51
$36
 $4
 $10
 $1
 $51
Commodity liabilities(9) (1) (67) (71) (148)(9) (1) (67) (71) (148)
Total27
 3
 (57) (70) (97)27
 3
 (57) (70) (97)
                  
Total derivatives27
 3
 (57) (70) (97)27
 3
 (57) (70) (97)
Cash collateral (payable) receivable(2) 
 16
 45
 59
(2) 
 16
 45
 59
Total derivatives - net basis$25
 $3
 $(41) $(25) $(38)$25
 $3
 $(41) $(25) $(38)

(1)PacifiCorp's commodity derivatives are generally included in rates and as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, a regulatory asset of $78$101 million and $96 million, respectively, was recorded related to the net derivative liability of $79$102 million and $97 million, respectively.

The following table reconciles the beginning and ending balances of PacifiCorp's net regulatory assets and summarizes the pre-tax gains and losses on commodity derivative contracts recognized in net regulatory assets, as well as amounts reclassified to earnings (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
          
Beginning balance$96
 $101
$78
 $122
 $96
 $101
Changes in fair value(54) 28
26
 6
 (28) 34
Net (losses) gains reclassified to operating revenue(22) 7
Net gains (losses) reclassified to cost of fuel and energy58
 (14)
Net gains (losses) reclassified to operating revenue6
 (1) (16) 6
Net (losses) gains reclassified to cost of fuel and energy(9) (11) 49
 (25)
Ending balance$78
 $122
$101
 $116
 $101
 $116



Derivative Contract Volumes

The following table summarizes the net notional amounts of outstanding commodity derivative contracts with fixed price terms that comprise the mark-to-market values as of (in millions):
Unit of March 31, December 31,Unit of June 30, December 31,
Measure 2019 2018Measure 2019 2018
        
Electricity sales, netMegawatt hours (4) (6)Megawatt hours (2) (6)
Natural gas purchasesDecatherms 110
 117
Decatherms 116
 117

Credit Risk

PacifiCorp is exposed to counterparty credit risk associated with wholesale energy supply and marketing activities with other utilities, energy marketing companies, financial institutions and other market participants. Credit risk may be concentrated to the extent PacifiCorp's counterparties have similar economic, industry or other characteristics and due to direct or indirect relationships among the counterparties. Before entering into a transaction, PacifiCorp analyzes the financial condition of each significant wholesale counterparty, establishes limits on the amount of unsecured credit to be extended to each counterparty and evaluates the appropriateness of unsecured credit limits on an ongoing basis. To further mitigate wholesale counterparty credit risk, PacifiCorp enters into netting and collateral arrangements that may include margining and cross-product netting agreements and obtains third-party guarantees, letters of credit and cash deposits. If required, PacifiCorp exercises rights under these arrangements, including calling on the counterparty's credit support arrangement.

Collateral and Contingent Features

In accordance with industry practice, certain wholesale derivative contracts contain credit support provisions that in part base certain collateral requirements on credit ratings for senior unsecured debt as reported by one or more of the three recognized credit rating agencies. These derivative contracts may either specifically provide bilateral rights to demand cash or other security if credit exposures on a net basis exceed specified rating-dependent threshold levels ("credit-risk-related contingent features") or provide the right for counterparties to demand "adequate assurance," or in some cases terminate the contract, in the event of a material adverse change in PacifiCorp's creditworthiness. These rights can vary by contract and by counterparty. As of March 31,June 30, 2019, PacifiCorp's credit ratings for its senior secured debt and its issuer credit ratings for senior unsecured debt by Moody's Investor Service and Standard & Poor's Rating Services were investment grade.

The aggregate fair value of PacifiCorp's derivative contracts in liability positions with specific credit-risk-related contingent features totaled $101$108 million and $113 million as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, for which PacifiCorp had posted collateral of $55$56 million and $61 million, respectively, in the form of cash deposits. If all credit-risk-related contingent features for derivative contracts in liability positions had been triggered as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, PacifiCorp would have been required to post $32$36 million and $35 million, respectively, of additional collateral. PacifiCorp's collateral requirements could fluctuate considerably due to market price volatility, changes in credit ratings, changes in legislation or regulation, or other factors.



(9)Fair Value Measurements

The carrying value of PacifiCorp's cash, certain cash equivalents, receivables, payables, accrued liabilities and short-term borrowings approximates fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. PacifiCorp has various financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on the Consolidated Financial Statements using inputs from the three levels of the fair value hierarchy. A financial asset or liability classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels are as follows:

Level 1 Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that PacifiCorp has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2 Inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means (market corroborated inputs).

Level 3 Unobservable inputs reflect PacifiCorp's judgments about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability since limited market data exists. PacifiCorp develops these inputs based on the best information available, including its own data.
 
The following table presents PacifiCorp's financial assets and liabilities recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in millions):
 Input Levels for Fair Value Measurements     Input Levels for Fair Value Measurements    
 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 
Other(1) 
 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 
Other(1) 
 Total
As of March 31, 2019          
As of June 30, 2019          
Assets:                    
Commodity derivatives $
 $52
 $
 $(18) $34
 $
 $27
 $
 $(17) $10
Money market mutual funds(2)
 468
 
 
 
 468
 442
 
 
 
 442
Investment funds 24
 
 
 
 24
 25
 
 
 
 25
 $492
 $52
 $
 $(18) $526
 $467
 $27
 $
 $(17) $477
                    
Liabilities - Commodity derivatives $
 $(131) $
 $70
 $(61) $
 $(129) $
 $72
 $(57)
                    
As of December 31, 2018                    
Assets:                    
Commodity derivatives $
 $51
 $
 $(23) $28
 $
 $51
 $
 $(23) $28
Money market mutual funds(2)
 69
 
 
 
 69
 69
 
 
 
 69
Investment funds 24
 
 
 
 24
 24
 
 
 
 24
 $93
 $51
 $
 $(23) $121
 $93
 $51
 $
 $(23) $121
                    
Liabilities - Commodity derivatives $
 $(148) $
 $82
 $(66) $
 $(148) $
 $82
 $(66)

(1)Represents netting under master netting arrangements and a net cash collateral receivable of $52$55 million and $59 million as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

(2)Amounts are included in cash and cash equivalents, other current assets and other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fair value of these money market mutual funds approximates cost.



Derivative contracts are recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as either assets or liabilities and are stated at estimated fair value unless they are designated as normal purchases or normal sales and qualify for the exception afforded by GAAP. When available, the fair value of derivative contracts is estimated using unadjusted quoted prices for identical contracts in the market in which PacifiCorp transacts. When quoted prices for identical contracts are not available, PacifiCorp uses forward price curves. Forward price curves represent PacifiCorp's estimates of the prices at which a buyer or seller could contract today for delivery or settlement at future dates. PacifiCorp bases its forward price curves upon market price quotations, when available, or internally developed and commercial models, with internal and external fundamental data inputs. Market price quotations are obtained from independent energy brokers, exchanges, direct communication with market participants and actual transactions executed by PacifiCorp. Market price quotations for certain major electricity and natural gas trading hubs are generally readily obtainable for the first three years; therefore, PacifiCorp's forward price curves for those locations and periods reflect observable market quotes. Market price quotations for other electricity and natural gas trading hubs are not as readily obtainable for the first three years. Given that limited market data exists for these contracts, as well as for those contracts that are not actively traded, PacifiCorp uses forward price curves derived from internal models based on perceived pricing relationships to major trading hubs that are based on unobservable inputs. The estimated fair value of these derivative contracts is a function of underlying forward commodity prices, interest rates, currency rates, related volatility, counterparty creditworthiness and duration of contracts. Refer to Note 8 for further discussion regarding PacifiCorp's risk management and hedging activities.

PacifiCorp's investments in money market mutual funds and investment funds are stated at fair value. When available, PacifiCorp uses a readily observable quoted market price or net asset value of an identical security in an active market to record the fair value. In the absence of a quoted market price or net asset value of an identical security, the fair value is determined using pricing models or net asset values based on observable market inputs and quoted market prices of securities with similar characteristics.

PacifiCorp's long-term debt is carried at cost on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fair value of PacifiCorp's long-term debt is a Level 2 fair value measurement and has been estimated based upon quoted market prices, where available, or at the present value of future cash flows discounted at rates consistent with comparable maturities with similar credit risks. The carrying value of PacifiCorp's variable-rate long-term debt approximates fair value because of the frequent repricing of these instruments at market rates. The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of PacifiCorp's long-term debt (in millions):
  As of March 31, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
  Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
  Value Value Value Value
         
Long-term debt $7,656
 $8,763
 $7,015
 $7,833
  As of June 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
  Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
  Value Value Value Value
         
Long-term debt $7,656
 $9,141
 $7,015
 $7,833

(10)Commitments and Contingencies

Construction Commitments

During the three-monthsix-month period endedMarch 31, June 30, 2019,, PacifiCorp entered into non-cancelable agreements through 2020 totaling $486$486 million related to repowering and development of certain existing and new wind facilities in Wyoming and Washington.

Easements

During the six-month period ended June 30, 2019, PacifiCorp entered into non-cancelable easements with minimum payments totaling $175 million through 2050 for land in Wyoming and Montana, on which some of its wind-powered generating facilities will be located.

Maintenance and Service Contracts

During the six-month period ended June 30, 2019, PacifiCorp entered into non-cancelable maintenance and service contracts related to wind-powered generating facilities with minimum payment commitments totaling $173 million through 2030.

Legal Matters

PacifiCorp is party to a variety of legal actions arising out of the normal course of business. Plaintiffs occasionally seek punitive or exemplary damages. PacifiCorp does not believe that such normal and routine litigation will have a material impact on its consolidated financial results.



Environmental Laws and Regulations

PacifiCorp is subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations regarding climate change, renewable portfolio standards, air and water quality, emissions performance standards, coal combustion byproduct disposal, hazardous and solid waste disposal, protected species and other environmental matters that have the potential to impact PacifiCorp's current and future operations. PacifiCorp believes it is in material compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.



Hydroelectric Relicensing

PacifiCorp is a party to the 2016 amended Klamath Hydroelectric Settlement Agreement ("KHSA"), which is intended to resolve disputes surrounding PacifiCorp's efforts to relicense the Klamath Hydroelectric Project. The KHSA does not guarantee dam removal. Instead, it establishes a process for PacifiCorp, the states of Oregon and California ("States") and other stakeholders to assess whether dam removal can occur consistent with the settlement's terms. For PacifiCorp, the key elements of the settlement include: (1) a contribution from PacifiCorp's Oregon and California customers capped at $200 million plus $250 million in California bond funds; (2) complete indemnification from harms associated with dam removal; (3) transfer of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ("FERC") license to a third-party dam removal entity, the Klamath River Renewal Corporation ("KRRC"), who would conduct dam removal; and (4) ability for PacifiCorp canto operate the facilities for the benefit of customers until dam removal commences.

In September 2016, the KRRC and PacifiCorp filed a joint application with the FERC to transfer the license for the four main-stem Klamath dams from PacifiCorp to the KRRC. Over the past two years, the KRRC has been supplementing the application with additional information about its financial, technical, and legal capacity to become the licensee. TheIn July 2019, the KRRC is expected to provideprovided the FERC on July 29, 2019, with additional information about its financial capacity to become a licensee, including updated cost estimates, and its insurance, bonding and liability transfer package. Based on thatThe FERC is evaluating the KRRC's information the FERC should be in a position to determine whether license transfer to the KRRC is in the public interest. That information should also allow PacifiCorp and the Statesproposed license transfer. The KRRC will continue to assess whetherrefine its insurance, bonding and liability transfer package, and PacifiCorp will review the KRRC has the abilityKRRC's capacity to satisfyfulfill its indemnification obligationsindemnity obligation under the KHSA, and whether there is sufficient funding available under the settlement.KHSA. If certain conditions in the amended KHSA are not satisfied (e.g., inadequate funding or inability of KRRC to satisfy its indemnification obligation) and the license does not transfer to the KRRC, PacifiCorp will resume relicensing with the FERC.

The United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit issued a decision in the Hoopa Valley Tribe v. FERC litigation, in January 2019, finding that the states of California and Oregon have waived their Clean Water Act, Section 401, water quality certification authority over the Klamath hydroelectric project relicensing. This decision has the potential to limit the ability of the States to impose water quality conditions on new and relicensed projects. Environmental interests, supported by California, Oregon and other states, asked the court to rehear the case, which was denied.

Guarantees

PacifiCorp has entered into guarantees as part of the normal course of business and the sale of certain assets. These guarantees are not expected to have a material impact on PacifiCorp's consolidated financial results.



(11)Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The following table summarizes PacifiCorp's revenue from contracts with customers ("Customer Revenue") by customer class (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
Customer Revenue:          
Retail:          
Residential$489
 $441
$349
 $365
 $838
 $806
Commercial360
 342
373
 369
 733
 711
Industrial292
 269
289
 288
 581
 557
Other retail29
 25
74
 73
 103
 98
Total retail1,170
 1,077
1,085
 1,095
 2,255
 2,172
Wholesale28
 22
11
 9
 39
 31
Transmission25
 22
25
 30
 50
 52
Other Customer Revenue16
 19
22
 20
 38
 39
Total Customer Revenue1,239
 1,140
1,143
 1,154
 2,382
 2,294
Other revenue20
 44
24
 39
 44
 83
Total operating revenue$1,259
 $1,184
$1,167
 $1,193
 $2,426
 $2,377


(12)Related Party

Berkshire Hathaway includes BHE and its subsidiaries in its United States federal income tax return. Consistent with established regulatory practice, PacifiCorp's provision for federal and state income tax has been computed on a stand-alone basis, and substantially all of its currently payable or receivable income tax is remitted to or received from BHE. For the six-month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, PacifiCorp made net cash payments for federal and state income tax to BHE totaling $11 million and $32 million, respectively.



Item 2.Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is management's discussion and analysis of certain significant factors that have affected the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of PacifiCorp during the periods included herein. Explanations include management's best estimate of the impact of weather, customer growth and other factors. This discussion should be read in conjunction with PacifiCorp's historical unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10‑Q. PacifiCorp's actual results in the future could differ significantly from the historical results.

Results of Operations for the Second Quarter and First QuarterSix Months of 2019 and 2018

Overview

Net income for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 was $179$168 million, a decrease of $16 million, or 9%, compared to 2018. Net income decreased primarily due to higher depreciation and amortization expense of $12 million, higher income tax expense of $11 million, lower utility margin of $8 million and higher interest expense of $6 million, partially offset by higher allowance for equity and borrowed funds of $12 million and lower operations and maintenance expense of $6 million. Utility margin decreased primarily due to lower retail and wholesale sales volumes, partially offset by lower volumes and prices associated with coal-fueled generation, and higher average retail rates, primarily due to lower net tax deferrals associated with 2017 Tax Reform and higher wholesale rates. Retail customer volumes decreased 1.6% primarily due to unfavorable impact of weather on residential and commercial customers in Utah, lower residential usage in Oregon and Washington, lower irrigation usage in Utah and Idaho and lower industrial usage in Oregon and Idaho, partially offset by an increase in average number of customers, higher commercial usage in Oregon and Utah and higher industrial usage in Washington and Utah. Energy generated decreased 7% for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower coal, wind-powered and hydroelectric generation, partially offset by higher natural gas generation. Wholesale electricity sales volumes decreased 46% and purchased electricity volumes decreased 6%.

Net income for the first six months of 2019 was $347 million, an increase of $31$15 million, or 21%5%, compared to 2018. Net income increased primarily due to higher utility marginsmargin of $43$35 million, higher allowance for equity and borrowed funds of $22 million and higher allowances for borrowedinterest and equity funds used during constructiondividend income of $10$6 million, partially offset by higher operations and maintenanceincome tax expense of $6$28 million, and higher depreciation and amortization expense of $3$15 million and higher interest expense of $6 million. Utility margin increased primarily due to lower purchased electricity volumes, higher retail revenue mainly from higher retail customer volumes, lower net tax deferrals associated with the 2017 Tax Reform, and product mix,higher retail revenue from higher volumes and higher net deferrals of incurred net power costs in accordance with established adjustment mechanisms, partially offset by higher purchased electricity prices, higher gas and coal-fueled generation costs, and lower wholesale revenue, primarily from lower volumes and average prices.higher gas-fueled generation volumes. Retail customer volumes increased 4.3%,1.4% primarily due to favorable impact of weather andan increase in the average number of residential and commercial customers across the service territory, the favorable impact of weather on residential customers across the service territory except Utah, higher industrial usage in Wyoming and Washington, higher commercial usage in Oregon and higher residential and commercial usage in Utah, and higher commercial usage in Oregon, partially offset by lower industrial usage in Idaho and Utah,Oregon, lower residential usage in Oregon and Washington and lower commercialirrigation usage in WashingtonUtah and Idaho. Energy generated increased 10%2% for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher natural gas and coal-fueled generation, partially offset by lower hydroelectricwind-powered and wind-poweredhydroelectric generation. Wholesale electricity sales volumes decreased 23%32% and purchased electricity volumes decreased 30%17%.



Non-GAAP Financial Measure

Management utilizes various key financial measures that are prepared in accordance with GAAP, as well as non-GAAP financial measures such as utility margin, to help evaluate results of operations. Utility margin is calculated as operating revenue less cost of fuel and energy, which are captions presented on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

PacifiCorp's cost of fuel and energy is directly recovered from its customers through regulatory recovery mechanisms and as a result, changes in PacifiCorp's revenue are comparable to changes in such expenses. As such, management believes utility margin more appropriately and concisely explains profitability rather than a discussion of revenue and cost of fuel and energy separately. Management believes the presentation of utility margin provides meaningful and valuable insight into the information management considers important to running the business and a measure of comparability to others in the industry.
Utility margin is not a measure calculated in accordance with GAAP and should be viewed as a supplement to and not a substitute for operating income which is the most comparable financial measure prepared in accordance with GAAP. The following table provides a reconciliation of utility margin to operating income (in millions):
First QuarterSecond Quarter First Six Months
2019 2018 Change2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
Utility margin:                     
Operating revenue$1,259
 $1,184
 $75
6 %$1,167
 $1,193
 $(26) (2)% $2,426
 2,377
 $49
 2 %
Cost of fuel and energy465
 433
 32
7
384
 402
 (18) (4) 849
 835
 14
 2
Utility margin794
 751
 43
6
783
 791
 (8) (1) 1,577
 1,542
 35
 2
Operations and maintenance256
 250
 6
2
255
 261
 (6) (2) 511
 511
 
 
Depreciation and amortization205
 202
 3
1
209
 197
 12
 6
 414
 399
 15
 4
Property and other taxes49
 52
 (3)(6)51
 49
 2
 4
 100
 101
 (1) (1)
Operating income$284
 $247
 $37
15
$268
 $284
 $(16) (6) $552
 $531
 $21
 4



A comparison of PacifiCorp's key operating results is as follows:
First QuarterSecond Quarter First Six Months
2019 2018 Change2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
Utility margin (in millions):                      
Operating revenue$1,259
 $1,184
 $75
 6 %$1,167
 $1,193
 $(26) (2)% $2,426
 $2,377
 $49
 2 %
Cost of fuel and energy465
 433
 32
 7
384
 402
 (18) (4) 849
 835
 14
 2
Utility margin$794
 $751
 $43
 6
$783
 $791
 $(8) (1) $1,577
 $1,542
 $35
 2
                      
Sales (GWh):                      
Residential4,608
 4,191
 417
 10 %3,307
 3,458
 (151) (4)% 7,915
 7,649
 266
 3 %
Commercial4,445
 4,298
 147
 3
4,300
 4,291
 9
 
 8,745
 8,589
 156
 2
Industrial, irrigation and other4,710
 4,706
 4
 
5,297
 5,360
 (63) (1) 10,007
 10,066
 (59) (1)
Total retail13,763
 13,195
 568
 4
12,904
 13,109
 (205) (2) 26,667
 26,304
 363
 1
Wholesale1,887
 2,448
 (561) (23)929
 1,713
 (784) (46) 2,816
 4,161
 (1,345) (32)
Total sales15,650
 15,643
 7
 
13,833
 14,822
 (989) (7) 29,483
 30,465
 (982) (3)
                      
Average number of retail customers                      
(in thousands)1,921
 1,890
 31
 2 %1,928
 1,895
 33
 2 % 1,924
 1,893
 31
 2 %
                      
Average revenue per MWh:                      
Retail$85.08
 $81.54
 $3.54
 4 %$83.96
 $83.58
 $0.38
  % $84.54
 $82.56
 $1.98
 2 %
Wholesale$24.26
 $26.92
 $(2.66) (10)%$36.96
 $27.19
 $9.77
 36 % $28.45
 $27.03
 $1.42
 5 %
                      
Heating degree days5,092
 4,336
 756
 17 %1,376
 1,111
 265
 24 % 6,468
 5,447
 1,021
 19 %
Cooling degree days311
 448
 (137) (31)% 311
 448
 (137) (31)%
                      
Sources of energy (GWh)(1):
                      
Coal9,486
 8,642
 844
 10 %6,182
 7,079
 (897) (13)% 15,668
 15,721
 (53)  %
Natural gas3,061
 1,948
 1,113
 57
2,315
 1,981
 334
 17
 5,376
 3,929
 1,447
 37
Hydroelectric(2)
717
 1,136
 (419) (37)1,014
 1,037
 (23) (2) 1,731
 2,173
 (442) (20)
Wind and other(2)
760
 1,069
 (309) (29)597
 715
 (118) (17) 1,357
 1,784
 (427) (24)
Total energy generated14,024
 12,795
 1,229
 10
10,108
 10,812
 (704) (7) 24,132
 23,607
 525
 2
Energy purchased2,836
 4,055
 (1,219) (30)4,450
 4,718
 (268) (6) 7,286
 8,773
 (1,487) (17)
Total16,860
 16,850
 10
 
14,558
 15,530
 (972) (6) 31,418
 32,380
 (962) (3)
                      
Average cost of energy per MWh:                      
Energy generated(3)
$21.09
 $18.48
 $2.61
 14 %$17.41
 $18.82
 $(1.41) (7)% $19.55
 $18.64
 $0.91
 5 %
Energy purchased$57.89
 $40.20
 $17.69
 44 %$36.24
 $34.07
 $2.17
 6 % $44.67
 $36.90
 $7.77
 21 %

(1)GWh amounts are net of energy used by the related generating facilities.

(2)All or some of the renewable energy attributes associated with generation from these generating facilities may be: (a) used in future years to comply with RPS or other regulatory requirements or (b) sold to third parties in the form of RECs or other environmental commodities.

(3)The average cost per MWh of energy generated includes only the cost of fuel associated with the generating facilities.



Utility margin increased $43decreased $8 million, or 6%1%, for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to:
$5620 million of higherlower retail revenue from higherlower volumes. Retail customer volumes increased 4%decreased 1.6% primarily due to favorablethe unfavorable impact of weather and increase in the average number ofon residential and commercial customers across the service territory, higherin Utah, lower residential usage in Oregon and Washington, lower irrigation usage in Utah and Idaho and lower industrial usage in WyomingOregon and Washington, higher residential and commercial usageIdaho, partially offset by an increase in Utah andaverage number of customers, higher commercial usage in Oregon partially offset by lower industrial usage in Idaho and Utah and lower commercialhigher industrial usage in Washington and Idaho;Utah;
$3918 million of lower wholesale revenue primarily due to lower average volumes;
$6 million of higher wheeling expenses; and
$5 million of lower net deferrals of incurred net power costs in accordance with established adjustment mechanisms.
The decreases above were partially offset by:
$29 million of lower coal-fueled generation costs from lower volumes and prices;
$8 million of higher retail revenue primarily due to lower net tax deferrals associated with the 2017 Tax Reform and higher pricesaverage rates due to product mix; and
$316 million of higher wholesale revenue from higher average market prices.
Operations and maintenance decreased $6 million, or 2%, for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower salary and benefits expense due to increased capitalized labor of $7 million due to greater construction activity, lower materials and supplies expense and a gain on the sale of certain property, partially offset by higher vegetation management and overhead line maintenance of $3 million.

Depreciation and amortization increased $12 million, or 6%, for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to an adjustment to the Oregon accelerated depreciation reserve based on the Oregon allocation factor in 2019 and higher plant-in-service.

Property and other taxes increased$2 million, or 4% for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher property taxes, primarily in Utah.

Interest expense increased$6 million, or 6% for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher average long-term debt balances.

Allowance for borrowed and equity funds increased $12 million, or 100%, for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher qualified construction work-in-progress balances.

Income tax expense increased $11 million, or 41%, for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018. The effective tax rate was 18% for 2019 and 13% for 2018. The effective tax rate increased primarily due to the effects of rate making and impacts of the 2017 Tax Reform settlements.

Utility margin increased $35 million, or 2%, for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to:
$47 million of higher retail revenue from lower net tax deferrals associated with the 2017 Tax Reform and higher average rates due to product mix;
$35 million of higher retail revenue from higher volumes. Retail customer volumes increased 1.4% primarily due to an increase in the average number of residential and commercial customers across the service territory, the favorable impact of weather on residential customers across the service territory except Utah, higher industrial usage in Wyoming and Washington, higher commercial usage in Oregon and higher residential and commercial usage in Utah, partially offset by lower industrial usage in Idaho and Oregon, lower residential usage in Oregon and Washington and lower irrigation usage in Utah and Idaho; and
$27 million of higher net deferrals of incurred net power costs in accordance with established adjustment mechanisms.
The increases above were partially offset by:
$5935 million of higher gas and coal-fueled generation costs from higher volumes and prices;volumes;
$2031 million of lower wholesale revenues from lower average volumes and prices;volumes; and
$16 million of higher purchased electricity costs due to $105 million of higher average market prices, offset by $104 million of lower volumes.wheeling expenses.


Operations and maintenance increased $6 million, or 2%,remained constant for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower salary and benefits expense driven by increased capitalized labor of $11 million due to greater construction activity, lower materials and supplies expense and a gain related to the sale of certain property, offset by higher overhead line maintenance of $7 million and higher vegetation management overhead line expenses and increased overtime largely due to storm restoration activities, partially offset by decreased maintenance expense.of $6 million.

Depreciation and amortization increased $3$15 million, or 1%4%, for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to an adjustment to the Oregon accelerated depreciation reserve based on the Oregon allocation factor in 2019 and higher plant-in-service.

Interest expense increased$6 million, or 3% for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher plant-in-service.

Property and other taxes decreased$3 million, or 6% for the first quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower property taxes primarily in Washington.average long-term debt balances.

Allowance for borrowed and equity funds increasedincreased $10 $22 million, or 91%96%, for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher qualified construction work-in-progress balances.

Interest and dividend income increased$6 million, or 100% for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher average cash and cash equivalents balances.

Income tax expense increased $17$28 million, or 68%54%, for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018. The effective tax rate was 19% for 2019 and 14% for 2018. The effective tax rate increased primarily due to the effects of rate making and impacts of the 2017 Tax Reform settlements.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
As of March 31,June 30, 2019, PacifiCorp's total net liquidity was as follows (in millions):
Cash and cash equivalents $669
 $536
    
Credit facilities 1,200
 1,200
Less:    
Tax-exempt bond support (256) (256)
Net credit facilities 944
 944
    
Total net liquidity $1,613
 $1,480
    
Credit facilities:    
Maturity dates 2021
 2022
Operating Activities

Net cash flows from operating activities for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $494$842 million and $533$917 million, respectively. The change was primarily due to increased fuel payments and lower collections from retail customers, including 2017 Tax Reform refunds, and wholesale customers.

The timing of PacifiCorp's income tax cash flows from period to period can be significantly affected by the estimated federal income tax payment methods and assumptions for each payment date.

Investing Activities

Net cash flows from investing activities for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $(336)$(813) million and $(237)$(499) million, respectively. The change is mainly due to an increase in capital expenditures of $101$318 million. Refer to "Future Uses of Cash" for discussion of capital expenditures.



Financing Activities

Net cash flows from financing activities for the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2019 was $434$433 million. Sources of cash consisted of net proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt of $990 million. Uses of cash consisted substantially of $350 million for the repayment of long term debt, $175 million for common stock dividends paid to PPW Holdings LLC and $30 million for the repayment of short-term debt.

Net cash flows from financing activities for the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2018 was $(293)$(410) million. Uses of cash consisted substantially of $250$350 million for common stock dividends paid to PPW Holdings LLC and $86 million for the repayment of long-term debt, offset by $44$28 million net proceeds from short-term debt.
    
Short-term Debt

Regulatory authorities limit PacifiCorp to $1.5 billion of short-term debt. As of March 31,June 30, 2019, PacifiCorp had no short-term debt outstanding. As of December 31, 2018, PacifiCorp had $30 million of short-term debt outstanding at a weighted average interest rate of 2.85%.

Long-term Debt
 
In March 2019, PacifiCorp issued $400 million of its 3.50% First Mortgage Bonds due June 2029 and $600 million of its 4.15% First Mortgage Bonds due February 2050. PacifiCorp used a portion of the net proceeds to repay the short-term debt that was partially incurred in January 2019 to repay all of PacifiCorp's $350 million of its 5.50% First Mortgage Bonds due January 2019. PacifiCorp intends to use the remaining net proceeds to fund capital expenditures and for general corporate purposes.

Credit Facilities

In March 2019, PacifiCorp completed a re-offering of variable rate tax-exempt bond obligations totaling $168 million, involving the cancellation, at PacifiCorp's request, of $170 million of letters of credit support by the issuing banks. As a result, PacifiCorp's credit facility support for outstanding variable rate tax-exempt bond obligations increased by $168 million.

Debt Authorizations

PacifiCorp currently has regulatory authority from the OPUC and the IPUC to issue an additional $1 billion of long-term debt. PacifiCorp must make a notice filing with the WUTC prior to any future issuance. PacifiCorp currently has an effective shelf registration statement with the SEC to issue up to $1 billion additional first mortgage bonds through October 2021.

Future Uses of Cash

PacifiCorp has available a variety of sources of liquidity and capital resources, both internal and external, including net cash flows from operating activities, public and private debt offerings, the issuance of commercial paper, the use of unsecured revolving credit facilities, capital contributions and other sources. These sources are expected to provide funds required for current operations, capital expenditures, debt retirements and other capital requirements. The availability and terms under which PacifiCorp has access to external financing depends on a variety of factors, including regulatory approvals, PacifiCorp's credit ratings, investors' judgment of risk and conditions in the overall capital markets, including the condition of the utility industry.



Capital Expenditures

PacifiCorp has significant future capital requirements. Capital expenditure needs are reviewed regularly by management and may change significantly as a result of these reviews, which may consider, among other factors, impacts to customers' rates; changes in environmental and other rules and regulations; outcomes of regulatory proceedings; changes in income tax laws; general business conditions; load projections; system reliability standards; the cost and efficiency of construction labor, equipment and materials; commodity prices; and the cost and availability of capital.



Historical and forecast capital expenditures, each of which exclude amounts for non-cash equity AFUDC and other non-cash items, are as follows (in millions):
Three-Month Periods AnnualSix-Month Periods Annual
Ended March 31, ForecastEnded June 30, Forecast
2018 2019 20192018 2019 2019
          
Transmission system investment$9
 $73
 $511
$23
 $206
 $500
Wind investment2
 59
 962
55
 354
 880
Operating and other225
 205
 795
421
 257
 895
Total$236
 $337
 $2,268
$499
 $817
 $2,275

PacifiCorp's historical and forecast capital expenditures include the following:

Transmission system investment primarily reflects initial costs for the 140-mile 500-kV Aeolus-Bridger/Anticline transmission line, a major segment of PacifiCorp's Energy Gateway Transmission expansion program expected to be placed in-service in 2020. Planned spending for the Aeolus-Bridger/Anticline line totals $399$401 million in 2019.

Wind investment includes the following:

Construction of wind-powered generating facilities at PacifiCorp totaling $55$138 million and $1$2 million for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. PacifiCorp anticipates costs for these activities will total an additional $311$225 million for 2019.2019, which includes a new 240 MW wind-powered generating facility. The new wind-powered generating facilities are expected to be placed in-service in 2020. The energy production from the new wind-powered generating facilities is expected to qualify for 100% of the federal production tax credits available for 10 years once the equipment is placed in-service.

Repowering certain existing wind-powered generating facilities at PacifiCorp totaling $4$216 million and $1$53 million for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. PacifiCorp anticipates costs for these activities will total an additional $592$301 million for 2019. The repowering projects are expected to be placed in-service at various dates in 2019 and 2020. The energy production from such repowered facilities is expected to qualify for 100% of the federal renewable electricity production tax credits available for 10 years following each facility's return to service.

Remaining investments relate to operating projects that consist of advanced meter infrastructure costs, routine expenditures for generation, transmission, distribution and other infrastructure needed to serve existing and expected demand.

Integrated Resource Planning

As required by certain state regulations, PacifiCorp uses an IRP to develop a long-term resource plan to ensure that PacifiCorp can continue to provide reliable and cost-effective electric service to its customers while maintaining compliance with existing and evolving environmental laws and regulations. As part of the 2019 IRP, in April 2019, PacifiCorp released an economic study of the coal fleet which will informinforms how PacifiCorp will meet the long-term energy needs of its customers. While no resource decision will be made ahead of completion of the 2019 IRP, expected to be filed by AugustOctober 2019, the study identified potential benefits for customers through retirement of some coal units as early as 2022.



Requests for Proposals

PacifiCorp issues individual Request for Proposals ("RFP"), each of which typically focuses on a specific category of generation resources consistent with the IRP or other customer-driven demands. The IRP and the RFPs provide for the identification and staged procurement of resources to meet load or renewable portfolio standard requirements. Depending upon the specific RFP, applicable laws and regulations may require PacifiCorp to file draft RFPs with the UPSC, the OPUC and the WUTC. Approval by the UPSC, the OPUC or the WUTC may be required depending on the nature of the RFPs.



As required by applicable laws and regulations, PacifiCorp filed its draft 2017R RFP with the UPSC in June 2017 and with the OPUC in August 2017. The UPSC and the OPUC approved PacifiCorp's 2017R RFP in September 2017. The 2017R RFP sought up to approximately 1,270 MWs of new wind resources that can interconnect to PacifiCorp's transmission system in Wyoming once a proposed high-voltage transmission line is constructed. The 2017R RFP also sought proposals for wind resources located outside of Wyoming capable of delivering all-in economic benefits for PacifiCorp's customers. The proposed high-voltage transmission line and new wind resources must be placed in service by December 31, 2020, to maximize potential federal production tax credit benefits for PacifiCorp's customers. PacifiCorp finalized its bid-selection process and established a final shortlist in February 2018. PacifiCorp plans to deliver 1,150 MWs from three new wind facilities under various commercial structures including a power purchase agreement, a build-transfer agreement, and traditional self-build agreements. PacifiCorp has finalized a 200-MW power purchase agreement and a 200-MW build-transfer agreement for one of the three new wind facilities. PacifiCorp has also secured agreements for safe harbor wind turbine equipment, acquisition of development assets and balance-of-plant construction for the two remaining projects; one providing 250 MWs and a second providing 500 MWs. Agreements for acquisition of follow-on wind turbine equipment for the final two projects was completed in 2019.

Contractual Obligations

As of March 31,June 30, 2019, there have been no material changes outside the normal course of business in contractual obligations from the information provided in Item 7 of PacifiCorp's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, except as disclosed in Note 10.

Regulatory Matters

PacifiCorp is subject to comprehensive regulation. Refer to "Regulatory Matters" in Berkshire Hathaway Energy's Part I, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q for discussion regarding PacifiCorp's current regulatory matters.

Environmental Laws and Regulations

PacifiCorp is subject to federal, state and local regulations regarding climate change, RPS, air and water quality, emissions performance standards, coal combustion byproduct disposal, hazardous and solid waste disposal, protected species and other environmental matters that have the potential to impact PacifiCorp's current and future operations. In addition to imposing continuing compliance obligations, these laws and regulations provide regulators with the authority to levy substantial penalties for noncompliance including fines, injunctive relief and other sanctions. These laws and regulations are administered by the EPA and various state and local. All such laws and regulations are subject to a range of interpretation, which may ultimately be resolved by the courts. Environmental laws and regulations continue to evolve, and PacifiCorp is unable to predict the impact of the changing laws and regulations on its operations and financial results. PacifiCorp believes it is in material compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.

Refer to "Environmental Laws and Regulations" in Berkshire Hathaway Energy's Part I, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q for additional information regarding environmental laws.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Certain accounting measurements require management to make estimates and judgments concerning transactions that will be settled several years in the future. Amounts recognized on the Consolidated Financial Statements based on such estimates involve numerous assumptions subject to varying and potentially significant degrees of judgment and uncertainty and will likely change in the future as additional information becomes available. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, the accounting for the effects of certain types of regulation, derivatives, pension and other postretirement benefits, income taxes and revenue recognition-unbilled revenue. For additional discussion of PacifiCorp's critical accounting estimates, see Item 7 of PacifiCorp's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. There have been no significant changes in PacifiCorp's assumptions regarding critical accounting estimates since December 31, 2018.



MidAmerican Funding, LLC and its subsidiaries and MidAmerican Energy Company
Consolidated Financial Section



PART I
Item 1.Financial Statements


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM


To the Board of Directors and Shareholder of
MidAmerican Energy Company

Results of Review of Interim Financial Information

We have reviewed the accompanying balance sheet of MidAmerican Energy Company ("MidAmerican Energy") as of March 31,June 30, 2019, the related statements of operations and changes in shareholder's equity for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, and of cash flows for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "interim financial information"). Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying interim financial information for it to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the balance sheet of MidAmerican Energy as of December 31, 2018, and the related statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in shareholder's equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated February 22, 2019, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying balance sheet as of December 31, 2018, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the balance sheet from which it has been derived.

Basis for Review Results

This interim financial information is the responsibility of MidAmerican Energy's management. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to MidAmerican Energy in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our reviews in accordance with standards of the PCAOB. A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.


/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP


Des Moines, Iowa
May 3,August 2, 2019



MIDAMERICAN ENERGY COMPANY
BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

As ofAs of
March 31, December 31,June 30, December 31,
2019 20182019 2018
ASSETS
Current assets:      
Cash and cash equivalents$432
 $
$185
 $
Trade receivables, net377
 367
352
 367
Income tax receivable19
 
108
 
Inventories149
 204
184
 204
Other current assets94
 90
91
 90
Total current assets1,071
 661
920
 661
      
Property, plant and equipment, net16,545
 16,157
16,952
 16,157
Regulatory assets260
 273
282
 273
Investments and restricted investments761
 708
773
 708
Other assets95
 121
100
 121
      
Total assets$18,732
 $17,920
$19,027
 $17,920

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.


MIDAMERICAN ENERGY COMPANY
BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) (continued)
(Amounts in millions)

As ofAs of
March 31, December 31,June 30, December 31,
2019 20182019 2018
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDER'S EQUITY
Current liabilities:      
Accounts payable$350
 $575
$405
 $575
Accrued interest69
 53
73
 53
Accrued property, income and other taxes162
 300
146
 300
Short-term debt
 240

 240
Current portion of long-term debt
 500

 500
Other current liabilities163
 122
147
 122
Total current liabilities744
 1,790
771
 1,790
      
Long-term debt6,341
 4,879
6,341
 4,879
Regulatory liabilities1,597
 1,620
1,612
 1,620
Deferred income taxes2,372
 2,322
2,426
 2,322
Asset retirement obligations735
 552
776
 552
Other long-term liabilities304
 311
306
 311
Total liabilities12,093
 11,474
12,232
 11,474
      
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
 

 
      
Shareholder's equity:      
Common stock - 350 shares authorized, no par value, 71 shares issued and outstanding
 

 
Additional paid-in capital561
 561
561
 561
Retained earnings6,078
 5,885
6,234
 5,885
Total shareholder's equity6,639
 6,446
6,795
 6,446
      
Total liabilities and shareholder's equity$18,732
 $17,920
$19,027
 $17,920

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.



MIDAMERICAN ENERGY COMPANY
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
Operating revenue:          
Regulated electric$542
 $469
$538
 $589
 $1,080
 $1,058
Regulated natural gas and other300
 277
121
 128
 421
 405
Total operating revenue842
 746
659
 717
 1,501
 1,463
          
Operating expenses:          
Cost of fuel and energy114
 108
91
 118
 205
 226
Cost of natural gas purchased for resale and other195
 179
62
 67
 257
 246
Operations and maintenance207
 190
204
 207
 411
 397
Depreciation and amortization177
 158
179
 208
 356
 366
Property and other taxes34
 32
29
 30
 63
 62
Total operating expenses727
 667
565
 630
 1,292
 1,297
          
Operating income115
 79
94
 87
 209
 166
          
Other income (expense):          
Interest expense(69) (58)(70) (56) (139) (114)
Allowance for borrowed funds6
 4
7
 4
 13
 8
Allowance for equity funds15
 10
17
 13
 32
 23
Other, net20
 9
10
 12
 30
 21
Total other income (expense)(28) (35)(36) (27) (64) (62)
          
Income before income tax benefit87
 44
58
 60
 145
 104
Income tax benefit(106) (62)(98) (46) (204) (108)
          
Net income$193
 $106
$156
 $106
 $349
 $212

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.



MIDAMERICAN ENERGY COMPANY
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDER'S EQUITY (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

Common Stock Additional Paid-in Capital 
Retained
Earnings
 
Total Shareholder's
Equity
Common Stock Additional Paid-in Capital 
Retained
Earnings
 
Total Shareholder's
Equity
              
Balance, March 31, 2018$
 $561
 $5,309
 $5,870
Net income
 
 106
 106
Other equity transactions
 
 1
 1
Balance, June 30, 2018$
 $561
 $5,416
 $5,977
       
Balance, December 31, 2017$
 $561
 $5,203
 $5,764
$
 $561
 $5,203
 $5,764
Net income
 
 106
 106

 
 212
 212
Balance, March 31, 2018$
 $561
 $5,309
 $5,870
Other equity transactions
 
 1
 1
Balance, June 30, 2018$
 $561
 $5,416
 $5,977
       
Balance, March 31, 2019$
 $561
 $6,078
 $6,639
Net income
 
 156
 156
Balance, June 30, 2019$
 $561
 $6,234
 $6,795
              
Balance, December 31, 2018$
 $561
 $5,885
 $6,446
$
 $561
 $5,885
 $6,446
Net income
 
 193
 193

 
 349
 349
Balance, March 31, 2019$
 $561
 $6,078
 $6,639
Balance, June 30, 2019$
 $561
 $6,234
 $6,795

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.



MIDAMERICAN ENERGY COMPANY
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

Three-Month PeriodsSix-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income$193
 $106
$349
 $212
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization177
 158
356
 366
Amortization of utility plant to other operating expenses8
 8
17
 17
Allowance for equity funds(15) (10)(32) (23)
Deferred income taxes and amortization of investment tax credits31
 19
52
 (10)
Other, net3
 2
5
 7
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities:      
Trade receivables and other assets(30) 15
(2) 1
Inventories55
 37
20
 45
Derivative collateral, net
 (2)1
 
Contributions to pension and other postretirement benefit plans, net(3) (3)(6) (7)
Accrued property, income and other taxes, net(159) (82)(263) 140
Accounts payable and other liabilities18
 (18)(34) (97)
Net cash flows from operating activities278
 230
463
 651
      
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Capital expenditures(573) (365)(1,017) (818)
Purchases of marketable securities(71) (95)(99) (147)
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities68
 74
95
 125
Other, net1
 15
13
 27
Net cash flows from investing activities(575) (371)(1,008) (813)
      
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Proceeds from long-term debt1,460
 687
1,460
 687
Repayments of long-term debt(500) (350)(500) (350)
Net repayments of short-term debt(240) 
(240) 
Other, net
 (1)
Net cash flows from financing activities720
 337
720
 336
      
Net change in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents423
 196
175
 174
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period56
 282
56
 282
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period$479
 $478
$231
 $456

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.



MIDAMERICAN ENERGY COMPANY
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

(1)General

MidAmerican Energy Company ("MidAmerican Energy") is a public utility with electric and natural gas operations and is the principal subsidiary of MHC Inc. ("MHC"). MHC is a holding company that conducts no business other than the ownership of its subsidiaries and related corporate services. MHC's nonregulated subsidiaries include Midwest Capital Group, Inc. and MEC Construction Services Co. MHC is the direct, wholly owned subsidiary of MidAmerican Funding, LLC ("MidAmerican Funding"), which is an Iowa limited liability company with Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company ("BHE") as its sole member. BHE is a holding company based in Des Moines, Iowa that owns subsidiaries principally engaged in energy businesses. BHE is a consolidated subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Inc. ("Berkshire Hathaway").

The unaudited Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and regulations for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP for annual financial statements. Management believes the unaudited Financial Statements contain all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for the fair presentation of the unaudited Financial Statements as of March 31,June 30, 2019, and for the three-monththree- and six-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018. The Statements of Comprehensive Income have been omitted as net income equals comprehensive income for the three-monththree- and six-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018. The results of operations for the three-monththree- and six-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

The preparation of the unaudited Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period. Actual results may differ from the estimates used in preparing the unaudited Financial Statements. Note 2 of Notes to Financial Statements included in MidAmerican Energy's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, describes the most significant accounting policies used in the preparation of the unaudited Financial Statements. There have been no significant changes in MidAmerican Energy's assumptions regarding significant accounting estimates and policies during the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2019.

(2)Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents consist of funds invested in money market mutual funds, United States Treasury Bills and other investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased. Cash and cash equivalents exclude amounts where availability is restricted by legal requirements, loan agreements or other contractual provisions. Restricted cash and cash equivalents as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, consist substantially of funds restricted for the purpose of constructing solid waste facilities under tax-exempt bond obligation agreements. A reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, as presented in the Statements of Cash Flows is outlined below and disaggregated by the line items in which they appear on the Balance Sheets (in millions):
As ofAs of
March 31, December 31June 30, December 31
2019 20182019 2018
      
Cash and cash equivalents$432
 $
$185
 $
Restricted cash and cash equivalents in other current assets47
 56
46
 56
Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents$479
 $56
$231
 $56



(3)Property, Plant and Equipment, Net

Property, plant and equipment, net consists of the following (in millions):
 As of As of
 March 31, December 31, June 30, December 31,
Depreciable Life 2019 2018Depreciable Life 2019 2018
Utility plant in service, net:        
Generation20-70 years $14,092
 $13,727
20-70 years $14,124
 $13,727
Transmission52-75 years 1,946
 1,934
52-75 years 1,974
 1,934
Electric distribution20-75 years 3,732
 3,672
20-75 years 3,786
 3,672
Natural gas distribution29-75 years 1,734
 1,724
29-75 years 1,750
 1,724
Utility plant in service 21,504
 21,057
 21,634
 21,057
Accumulated depreciation and amortization (6,076) (5,941) (6,201) (5,941)
Utility plant in service, net 15,428
 15,116
 15,433
 15,116
Nonregulated property, net:        
Nonregulated property gross20-50 years 7
 7
20-50 years 7
 7
Accumulated depreciation and amortization (1) (1) (1) (1)
Nonregulated property, net 6
 6
 6
 6
 15,434
 15,122
 15,439
 15,122
Construction work-in-progress 1,111
 1,035
 1,513
 1,035
Property, plant and equipment, net $16,545
 $16,157
 $16,952
 $16,157

(4)Leases

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-02, which creates FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 842, "Leases" and supersedes Topic 840 "Leases." This guidance increases transparency and comparability among entities by recording lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. A lessee should recognize on the balance sheet a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. The recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee have not significantly changed from previous guidance. Following the issuance of ASU No. 2016-02, the FASB issued several ASUs that clarified the implementation guidance for ASU No. 2016-02 but did not change the core principle of the guidance. MidAmerican Energy adopted this guidance for all applicable contracts in-effect as of January 1, 2019 under a modified retrospective method, and the adoption did not have a cumulative effect impact at the date of initial adoption nor a material impact on MidAmerican Energy's Financial Statements and disclosures included within Notes to Financial Statements.

(5)Recent Financing Transactions

Long-Term Debt

In January 2019, MidAmerican Energy issued $600 million of its 3.65% First Mortgage Bonds due April 2029 and $900 million of its 4.25% First Mortgage Bonds due July 2049. An amount equal to the net proceeds was used to finance capital expenditures, disbursed during the period from November 1, 2017 to December 14, 2018, with respect to investments in MidAmerican Energy's 2,000-megawatt (nameplate capacity) Wind XI project, MidAmerican Energy's 591-megawatt (nameplate capacity) Wind XII project and the repowering of certain of MidAmerican Energy's existing wind facilities, which were previously financed with MidAmerican Energy's general funds.

In February 2019, MidAmerican Energy redeemed $500 million of its 2.40% First Mortgage Bonds due in March 2019 at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount plus accrued interest.

Credit Facilities

In May 2019, MidAmerican Energy extended, with lender consent, the expiration date for its existing $900 million unsecured credit facility to June 2022 by exercising the remaining one-year extension option.



(6)Income Taxes

A reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax rate to MidAmerican Energy's effective income tax rate applicable to income before income tax benefit is as follows:
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
          
Federal statutory income tax rate21 % 21 %21 % 21 % 21 % 21 %
Income tax credits(113) (137)(158) (80) (131) (104)
State income tax, net of federal income tax benefit(21) (9)(22) (7) (21) (8)
Effects of ratemaking(8) (18)(10) (9) (9) (13)
Other, net(1) 2

 (2) (1) 
Effective income tax rate(122)% (141)%(169)% (77)% (141)% (104)%

Income tax credits relate primarily to production tax credits from MidAmerican Energy's wind-powered generating facilities. Federal renewable electricity production tax credits are earned as energy from qualifying wind-powered generating facilities is produced and sold and are based on a per-kilowatt hour rate pursuant to the applicable federal income tax law. Wind-powered generating facilities are eligible for the credits for 10 years from the date the qualifying generating facilities are placed in-service.

Due to a combination of declines in pre-tax income and increases in production tax credits in recent years and changes in estimates for these values throughout the year, the volatility of the effective tax rate used to determine the recognition of income tax expense each quarter has similarly increased. MidAmerican Energy concluded that, due to such increased volatility, it was no longer able to reasonably estimate an annual effective tax rate for this purpose. Accordingly, beginning January 1, 2019, production tax credits are recognized in the Statement of Operations as they are earned, and excluded in the determination of the effective tax rate used in the recognition of all other income tax expense. Production tax credits recognized in income for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $98$190 million and $60$108 million, respectively, with $30$56 million of the difference related to the change in the method of interim recognition in 2019.

Berkshire Hathaway includes BHE and subsidiaries in its United States federal and Iowa state income tax returns. Consistent with established regulatory practice, MidAmerican Energy's provision for income tax has been computed on a stand-alone basis, and substantially all of its currently payable or receivable income tax is remitted to or received from BHE. MidAmerican Energy made net cash payments for income tax to BHE totaling $9 million for the six-month period ended June 30, 2019, and received net cash payments for income tax from BHE totaling $- million and $14$228 million for the three-month periodssix-month period ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.June 30, 2018.

(7)Employee Benefit Plans

MidAmerican Energy sponsors a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan covering a majority of all employees of BHE and its domestic energy subsidiaries other than PacifiCorp and NV Energy, Inc. MidAmerican Energy also sponsors certain postretirement healthcare and life insurance benefits covering substantially all retired employees of BHE and its domestic energy subsidiaries other than PacifiCorp and NV Energy, Inc.



Net periodic benefit (credit) cost for the plans of MidAmerican Energy and the aforementioned affiliates included the following components (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
Pension:          
Service cost$2
 $2
$1
 $2
 $3
 $4
Interest cost7
 7
8
 7
 15
 14
Expected return on plan assets(10) (11)(11) (11) (21) (22)
Net amortization
 1

 
 
 1
Net periodic benefit credit$(1) $(1)$(2) $(2) $(3) $(3)
          
Other postretirement:          
Service cost$1
 $1
$2
 $2
 $3
 $3
Interest cost2
 2
3
 2
 5
 4
Expected return on plan assets(3) (3)(3) (4) (6) (7)
Net amortization(1) (1)(1) (1) (2) (2)
Net periodic benefit credit$(1) $(1)
Net periodic benefit cost (credit)$1
 $(1) $
 $(2)

Amounts other than the service cost for pension and other postretirement benefit plans are recorded in Other, net in the Statements of Operations. Employer contributions to the pension and other postretirement benefit plans are expected to be $7 million and $1 million, respectively, during 2019. As of March 31,June 30, 2019, $2$3 million and $- million of contributions had been made to the pension and other postretirement benefit plans, respectively.

(8)    Asset Retirement Obligations

In January 2018, MidAmerican Energy completed groundwater testing at its coal combustion residuals ("CCR") surface impoundments. Based on this information, MidAmerican Energy discontinued sending CCR to surface impoundments effective April 2018 and initiated analysis of additional actions to be taken. As a result of that analysis, MidAmerican Energy will remove all CCR material located below the water table and cap the material in such facilities, which is a more extensive closure activity than previously assumed. In the first quarter of 2019, MidAmerican Energy increased the asset retirement obligations for its fossil-fueled generating facilities by $237 million the asset retirement obligation ("ARO") forrelated to the cost of this closure activity. Closure activity on the six existing surface impoundments is estimated to extend through 2023.

The following table presents MidAmerican Energy's ARO liabilities by asset type (in millions):
 As of
 March 31, December 31,
 2019 2018
    
Quad Cities Station$348
 $345
Fossil-fueled generating facilities328
 93
Wind-powered generating facilities125
 123
Other1
 1
 $802
 $562



The following table reconciles the beginning and ending balances of MidAmerican Energy's ARO liabilities for the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2019 (in millions):

Beginning balance $562
 $562
Change in estimated costs 234
 237
Retirements (1)
Accretion 6
 14
Ending balance $802
 $812
  
Reflected as:  
Other current liabilities $67
Asset retirement obligations 735
 $802



(9)Fair Value Measurements

The carrying value of MidAmerican Energy's cash, certain cash equivalents, receivables, payables, accrued liabilities and short-term borrowings approximates fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. MidAmerican Energy has various financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on the Financial Statements using inputs from the three levels of the fair value hierarchy. A financial asset or liability classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels are as follows:

Level 1 — Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that MidAmerican Energy has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2 — Inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means (market corroborated inputs).

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs reflect MidAmerican Energy's judgments about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability since limited market data exists. MidAmerican Energy develops these inputs based on the best information available, including its own data.



The following table presents MidAmerican Energy's financial assets and liabilities recognized on the Balance Sheets and measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in millions):
 Input Levels for Fair Value Measurements     Input Levels for Fair Value Measurements    
 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 
Other(1)
 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 
Other(1)
 Total
As of March 31, 2019:          
As of June 30, 2019:          
Assets:                    
Commodity derivatives $
 $1
 $
 $
 $1
 $
 $1
 $1
 $(1) $1
Money market mutual funds(2)
 410
 
 
 
 410
 165
 
 
 
 165
Debt securities:                    
United States government obligations 190
 
 
 
 190
 193
 
 
 
 193
International government obligations 
 4
 
 
 4
 
 4
 
 
 4
Corporate obligations 
 47
 
 
 47
 
 49
 
 
 49
Municipal obligations 
 2
 
 
 2
 
 2
 
 
 2
Agency, asset and mortgage-backed obligations 
 1
 
 
 1
 
 1
 
 
 1
Equity securities:                    
United States companies 292
 
 
 
 292
 311
 
 
 
 311
International companies 7
 
 
 
 7
Investment funds 19
 
 
 
 19
 19
 
 
 
 19
 $918
 $55
 $
 $
 $973
 $688
 $57
 $1
 $(1) $745
                    
Liabilities - commodity derivatives $
 $(3) $(1) $1
 $(3) $
 $(5) $(2) $1
 $(6)



  Input Levels for Fair Value Measurements    
  Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 
Other(1)
 Total
As of December 31, 2018:          
Assets:          
Commodity derivatives $
 $4
 $2
 $(3) $3
Money market mutual funds(2)
 2
 
 
 
 2
Debt securities:          
United States government obligations 187
 
 
 
 187
International government obligations 
 4
 
 
 4
Corporate obligations 
 46
 
 
 46
Municipal obligations 
 2
 
 
 2
Agency, asset and mortgage-backed obligations 
 1
 
 
 1
Equity securities:          
United States companies 256
 
 
 
 256
International companies 6
 
 
 
 6
Investment funds 10
 
 
 
 10
  $461
 $57
 $2
 $(3) $517
           
Liabilities - commodity derivatives $
 $(4) $(2) $3
 $(3)

(1)Represents netting under master netting arrangements and a net cash collateral receivable of $1 million and $- million as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
(2)Amounts are included in cash and cash equivalents and investments and restricted cash and investments on the Balance Sheets. The fair value of these money market mutual funds approximates cost.


MidAmerican Energy's investments in money market mutual funds and debt and equity securities are stated at fair value, with debt securities primarily accounted for as available-for-sale securities. When available, a readily observable quoted market price or net asset value of an identical security in an active market is used to record the fair value. In the absence of a quoted market price or net asset value of an identical security, the fair value is determined using pricing models or net asset values based on observable market inputs and quoted market prices of securities with similar characteristics.

MidAmerican Energy's long-term debt is carried at cost on the Balance Sheets. The fair value of MidAmerican Energy's long-term debt is a Level 2 fair value measurement and has been estimated based upon quoted market prices, where available, or at the present value of future cash flows discounted at rates consistent with comparable maturities with similar credit risks. The carrying value of MidAmerican Energy's variable-rate long-term debt approximates fair value because of the frequent repricing of these instruments at market rates. The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of MidAmerican Energy's long-term debt (in millions):
 As of March 31, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
        
Long-term debt$6,341
 $6,929
 $5,379
 $5,644
 As of June 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
        
Long-term debt$6,341
 $7,213
 $5,379
 $5,644

(10)Commitments and Contingencies

Easements

During the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2019, MidAmerican Energy entered into non-cancelable easements with minimum payments totaling $197$217 million through 2059 for land in Iowa on which some of its wind-powered generating facilities will be located.



Maintenance and Service Contracts

During the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2019, MidAmerican Energy entered into non-cancelable maintenance and service contracts related to wind-powered generating facilities with minimum payment commitments totaling $301 million through 2029.

Legal Matters

MidAmerican Energy is party to a variety of legal actions arising out of the normal course of business. Plaintiffs occasionally seek punitive or exemplary damages. MidAmerican Energy does not believe that such normal and routine litigation will have a material impact on its financial results.

Environmental Laws and Regulations

MidAmerican Energy is subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations regarding climate change, renewable portfolio standards, air and water quality, emissions performance standards, coal combustion byproduct disposal, hazardous and solid waste disposal, protected species and other environmental matters that have the potential to impact its current and future operations. MidAmerican Energy believes it is in material compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.

Transmission Rates

MidAmerican Energy's wholesale transmission rates are set annually using FERC-approved formula rates subject to true-up for actual cost of service. Prior to September 2016, the rates in effect were based on a 12.38% return on equity ("ROE"). In November 2013 and February 2015, a coalition of intervenors filed successive complaints with the FERC requesting that the 12.38% ROE no longer be found just and reasonable and sought to reduce the base ROE to 9.15% and 8.67%, respectively. MidAmerican Energy is authorized by the FERC to include a 0.50% adder beyond the base ROE effective January 2015. In September 2016, the FERC issued an order for the first complaint, which reduces the base ROE to 10.32% and required refunds, plus interest, for the period from November 2013 through February 2015. Customer refunds relative to the first complaint occurred in February 2017. It is uncertain when the FERC will rule on the second complaint, covering the period from February 2015 through May 2016. MidAmerican Energy believes it is probable that the FERC will order a base ROE lower than 12.38% in the second complaint and, as of March 31,June 30, 2019, has accrued a $10 million liability for refunds under the second complaint of amounts collected under the higher ROE from March 2015 through May 2016.



(11)Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The following table summarizes MidAmerican Energy's revenue from contracts with customers ("Customer Revenue") by line of business and customer class, including a reconciliation to MidAmerican Energy's reportable segment information included in Note 12, (in millions):
For the Three-Month Period Ended March 31, 2019For the Three-Month Period Ended June 30, 2019 For the Six-Month Period Ended June 30, 2019
Electric Natural Gas Other TotalElectric Natural Gas Other Total Electric Natural Gas Other Total
Customer Revenue:                      
Retail:                      
Residential$171
 $175
 $
 $346
$148
 $66
 $
 $214
 $319
 $241
 $
 $560
Commercial75
 66
 
 141
79
 19
 
 98
 154
 85
 
 239
Industrial163
 6
 
 169
204
 3
 
 207
 367
 9
 
 376
Natural gas transportation services
 12
 
 12

 8
 
 8
 
 20
 
 20
Other retail(1)35
 1
 
 36
35
 (1) 
 34
 70
 
 
 70
Total retail444
 260
 
 704
466
 95
 
 561
 910
 355
 
 1,265
Wholesale76
 34
 
 110
51
 15
 
 66
 127
 49
 
 176
Multi-value transmission projects16
 
 
 16
14
 
 
 14
 30
 
 
 30
Other Customer Revenue
 
 5
 5

 
 10
 10
 
 
 15
 15
Total Customer Revenue536
 294
 5
 835
531
 110
 10
 651
 1,067
 404
 15
 1,486
Other revenue6
 1
 
 7
7
 1
 
 8
 13
 2
 
 15
Total operating revenue$542
 $295
 $5
 $842
$538
 $111
 $10
 $659
 $1,080
 $406
 $15
 $1,501
For the Three-Month Period Ended March 31, 2018For the Three-Month Period Ended June 30, 2018 For the Six-Month Period Ended June 30, 2018
Electric Natural Gas Other TotalElectric Natural Gas Other Total Electric Natural Gas Other Total
Customer Revenue:                      
Retail:                      
Residential$161
 $168
 $
 $329
$173
 $65
 $
 $238
 $334
 $233
 $
 $567
Commercial71
 62
 
 133
80
 21
 
 101
 151
 83
 
 234
Industrial145
 5
 
 150
195
 5
 
 200
 340
 10
 
 350
Natural gas transportation services
 13
 
 13

 6
 
 6
 
 19
 
 19
Other retail(1)10
 (6) 
 4
57
 6
 
 63
 67
 
 
 67
Total retail387
 242
 
 629
505
 103
 
 608
 892
 345
 
 1,237
Wholesale62
 32
 
 94
63
 23
 
 86
 125
 55
 
 180
Multi-value transmission projects15
 
 
 15
14
 
 
 14
 29
 
 
 29
Other Customer Revenue
 
 2
 2

 
 1
 1
 
 
 3
 3
Total Customer Revenue464
 274
 2
 740
582
 126
 1
 709
 1,046
 400
 3
 1,449
Other revenue5
 1
 
 6
7
 1
 
 8
 12
 2
 
 14
Total operating revenue$469
 $275
 $2
 $746
$589
 $127
 $1
 $717
 $1,058
 $402
 $3
 $1,463

(1)Other retail includes provisions for rate refunds, for which any actual refunds will be reflected in the applicable customer classes upon resolution of the related regulatory proceeding.


(12)Segment Information

MidAmerican Energy has identified two reportable segments: regulated electric and regulated natural gas. The regulated electric segment derives most of its revenue from regulated retail sales of electricity to residential, commercial, and industrial customers and from wholesale sales. The regulated natural gas segment derives most of its revenue from regulated retail sales of natural gas to residential, commercial, and industrial customers and also obtains revenue by transporting natural gas owned by others through its distribution system. Pricing for regulated electric and regulated natural gas sales are established separately by regulatory agencies; therefore, management also reviews each segment separately to make decisions regarding allocation of resources and in evaluating performance. Common operating costs, interest income, interest expense and income tax expense are allocated to each segment based on certain factors, which primarily relate to the nature of the cost.



The following tables provide information on a reportable segment basis (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
Operating revenue:          
Regulated electric$542
 $469
$538
 $589
 $1,080
 $1,058
Regulated natural gas295
 275
111
 127
 406
 402
Other5
 2
10
 1
 15
 3
Total operating revenue$842
 $746
$659
 $717
 $1,501
 $1,463
          
Operating income:          
Regulated electric$66
 $36
$87
 $78
 $153
 $114
Regulated natural gas48
 43
5
 8
 53
 51
Other1
 
2
 1
 3
 1
Total operating income115
 79
94
 87
 209
 166
Interest expense(69) (58)(70) (56) (139) (114)
Allowance for borrowed funds6
 4
7
 4
 13
 8
Allowance for equity funds15
 10
17
 13
 32
 23
Other, net20
 9
10
 12
 30
 21
Income before income tax benefit$87
 $44
$58
 $60
 $145
 $104

As ofAs of
March 31,
2019
 December 31,
2018
June 30,
2019
 December 31,
2018
Assets:      
Regulated electric$17,373
 $16,511
$17,735
 $16,511
Regulated natural gas1,357
 1,406
1,289
 1,406
Other2
 3
3
 3
Total assets$18,732
 $17,920
$19,027
 $17,920






REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM


To the Board of Managers and Member of
MidAmerican Funding, LLC

Results of Review of Interim Financial Information

We have reviewed the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of MidAmerican Funding, LLC and subsidiaries ("MidAmerican Funding") as of March 31,June 30, 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations and changes in member's equity for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, and of cash flows for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "interim financial information"). Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying interim financial information for it to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America, the consolidated balance sheet of MidAmerican Funding as of December 31, 2018, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in member's equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated February 22, 2019, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.

Basis for Review Results

This interim financial information is the responsibility of MidAmerican Funding's management. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to MidAmerican Funding in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our reviews in accordance with standards of the PCAOB and with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America applicable to reviews of interim financial information. A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB and with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.


/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP


Des Moines, Iowa
May 3,August 2, 2019



MIDAMERICAN FUNDING, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

As ofAs of
March 31, December 31,June 30, December 31,
2019 20182019 2018
ASSETS
Current assets:      
Cash and cash equivalents$433
 $1
$186
 $1
Trade receivables, net377
 365
352
 365
Income tax receivable19
 
110
 
Inventories149
 204
184
 204
Other current assets94
 89
91
 89
Total current assets1,072
 659
923
 659
      
Property, plant and equipment, net16,557
 16,169
16,963
 16,169
Goodwill1,270
 1,270
1,270
 1,270
Regulatory assets260
 273
282
 273
Investments and restricted investments763
 710
775
 710
Other assets95
 121
100
 121
      
Total assets$20,017
 $19,202
$20,313
 $19,202

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


MIDAMERICAN FUNDING, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) (continued)
(Amounts in millions)

As ofAs of
March 31, December 31,June 30, December 31,
2019 20182019 2018
LIABILITIES AND MEMBER'S EQUITY
Current liabilities:      
Accounts payable$350
 $575
$406
 $575
Accrued interest70
 58
78
 58
Accrued property, income and other taxes161
 300
147
 300
Note payable to affiliate167
 156
166
 156
Short-term debt
 240

 240
Current portion of long-term debt
 500

 500
Other current liabilities164
 122
146
 122
Total current liabilities912
 1,951
943
 1,951
      
Long-term debt6,581
 5,119
6,581
 5,119
Regulatory liabilities1,597
 1,620
1,612
 1,620
Deferred income taxes2,369
 2,319
2,423
 2,319
Asset retirement obligations735
 552
776
 552
Other long-term liabilities304
 312
306
 312
Total liabilities12,498
 11,873
12,641
 11,873
      
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
 

 
      
Member's equity:      
Paid-in capital1,679
 1,679
1,679
 1,679
Retained earnings5,840
 5,650
5,993
 5,650
Total member's equity7,519
 7,329
7,672
 7,329
      
Total liabilities and member's equity$20,017
 $19,202
$20,313
 $19,202

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



MIDAMERICAN FUNDING, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
Operating revenue:          
Regulated electric$542
 $469
$538
 $589
 $1,080
 $1,058
Regulated natural gas and other300
 278
122
 129
 422
 407
Total operating revenue842
 747
660
 718
 1,502
 1,465
          
Operating expenses:          
Cost of fuel and energy114
 108
91
 118
 205
 226
Cost of natural gas purchased for resale and other194
 180
62
 67
 256
 247
Operations and maintenance207
 190
205
 208
 412
 398
Depreciation and amortization177
 158
179
 208
 356
 366
Property and other taxes34
 32
29
 30
 63
 62
Total operating expenses726
 668
566
 631
 1,292
 1,299
          
Operating income116
 79
94
 87
 210
 166
          
Other income (expense):          
Interest expense(75) (63)(74) (61) (149) (124)
Allowance for borrowed funds6
 4
7
 4
 13
 8
Allowance for equity funds15
 10
17
 13
 32
 23
Other, net21
 10
10
 13
 31
 23
Total other income (expense)(33) (39)(40) (31) (73) (70)
          
Income before income tax benefit83
 40
54
 56
 137
 96
Income tax benefit(107) (63)(99) (47) (206) (110)
          
Net income$190
 $103
$153
 $103
 $343
 $206

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



MIDAMERICAN FUNDING, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN MEMBER'S EQUITY (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

Paid-in
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Total Member's
Equity
Paid-in
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Total Member's
Equity
          
Balance, March 31, 2018$1,679
 $5,084
 $6,763
Net income
 103
 103
Balance, June 30, 2018$1,679
 $5,187
 $6,866
     
Balance, December 31, 2017$1,679
 $4,981
 $6,660
$1,679
 $4,981
 $6,660
Net income
 103
 103

 206
 206
Balance, March 31, 2018$1,679
 $5,084
 $6,763
Balance, June 30, 2018$1,679
 $5,187
 $6,866
     
Balance, March 31, 2019$1,679
 $5,840
 $7,519
Net income
 153
 153
Balance, June 30, 2019$1,679
 $5,993
 $7,672
          
Balance, December 31, 2018$1,679
 $5,650
 $7,329
$1,679
 $5,650
 $7,329
Net income
 190
 190

 343
 343
Balance, March 31, 2019$1,679
 $5,840
 $7,519
Balance, June 30, 2019$1,679
 $5,993
 $7,672

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



MIDAMERICAN FUNDING, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

Three-Month PeriodsSix-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income$190
 $103
$343
 $206
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization177
 158
356
 366
Amortization of utility plant to other operating expenses8
 8
17
 17
Allowance for equity funds(15) (10)(32) (23)
Deferred income taxes and amortization of investment tax credits31
 19
52
 (10)
Other, net4
 3
7
 9
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities:      
Trade receivables and other assets(33) 19
(5) 4
Inventories55
 37
20
 45
Derivative collateral, net
 (2)1
 
Contributions to pension and other postretirement benefit plans, net(3) (3)(6) (7)
Accrued property, income and other taxes, net(160) (83)(265) 143
Accounts payable and other liabilities14
 (21)(34) (96)
Net cash flows from operating activities268
 228
454
 654
      
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Capital expenditures(573) (365)(1,017) (818)
Purchases of marketable securities(71) (95)(99) (147)
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities68
 74
95
 125
Other, net
 15
13
 27
Net cash flows from investing activities(576) (371)(1,008) (813)
      
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Proceeds from long-term debt1,460
 687
1,460
 687
Repayments of long-term debt(500) (350)(500) (350)
Net change in note payable to affiliate11
 2
10
 (3)
Net repayments of short-term debt(240) 
(240) 
Other, net(1) 
Net cash flows from financing activities731
 339
729
 334
      
Net change in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents423
 196
175
 175
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period57
 282
57
 282
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period$480
 $478
$232
 $457

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



MIDAMERICAN FUNDING, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

(1)General

MidAmerican Funding, LLC ("MidAmerican Funding") is an Iowa limited liability company with Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company ("BHE") as its sole member. BHE is a holding company based in Des Moines, Iowa that owns subsidiaries principally engaged in energy businesses. BHE is a consolidated subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Inc. ("Berkshire Hathaway"). MidAmerican Funding's direct, wholly owned subsidiary is MHC Inc. ("MHC"), which constitutes substantially all of MidAmerican Funding's assets, liabilities and business activities except those related to MidAmerican Funding's long-term debt securities. MHC conducts no business other than the ownership of its subsidiaries and related corporate services. MHC's principal subsidiary is MidAmerican Energy Company ("MidAmerican Energy"), a public utility with electric and natural gas operations. Direct, wholly owned nonregulated subsidiaries of MHC are Midwest Capital Group, Inc. and MEC Construction Services Co.

The unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and regulations for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP for annual financial statements. Management believes the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for the fair presentation of the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements as of March 31,June 30, 2019, and for the three-monththree- and six-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018. The Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income have been omitted as net income materially equals comprehensive income for the three-monththree- and six-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018. The results of operations for the three-monththree- and six-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

The preparation of the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period. Actual results may differ from the estimates used in preparing the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in MidAmerican Funding's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, describes the most significant accounting policies used in the preparation of the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. There have been no significant changes in MidAmerican Funding's assumptions regarding significant accounting estimates and policies during the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2019.

(2)Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents consist of funds invested in money market mutual funds, United States Treasury Bills and other investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased. Cash and cash equivalents exclude amounts where availability is restricted by legal requirements, loan agreements or other contractual provisions. Restricted cash and cash equivalents as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, consist substantially of funds restricted for the purpose of constructing solid waste facilities under tax-exempt bond obligation agreements. A reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows is outlined below and disaggregated by the line items in which they appear on the Consolidated Balance Sheets (in millions):
As ofAs of
March 31 December 31June 30 December 31
2019 20182019 2018
      
Cash and cash equivalents$433
 $1
$186
 $1
Restricted cash and cash equivalents in other current assets47
 56
46
 56
Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents$480
 $57
$232
 $57



(3)Property, Plant and Equipment, Net

Refer to Note 3 of MidAmerican Energy's Notes to Financial Statements. In addition to MidAmerican Energy's property, plant and equipment, net, MidAmerican Funding had as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, nonregulated property gross of $24 million and related accumulated depreciation and amortization of $13 million and $12 million, respectively, which consisted primarily of a corporate aircraft owned by MHC.

(4)Leases

Refer to Note 4 of MidAmerican Energy's Notes to Financial Statements.

(5)Recent Financing Transactions

Refer to Note 5 of MidAmerican Energy's Notes to Financial Statements.

(6)Income Taxes

A reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax rate to MidAmerican Funding's effective income tax rate applicable to income before income tax benefit is as follows:
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
          
Federal statutory income tax rate21 % 21 %21 % 21 % 21 % 21 %
Income tax credits(118) (151)(171) (86) (139) (113)
State income tax, net of federal income tax benefit(22) (10)(25) (8) (23) (9)
Effects of ratemaking(9) (20)(11) (10) (9) (14)
Other, net(1) 2
3
 (1) 
 
Effective income tax rate(129)% (158)%(183)% (84)% (150)% (115)%

Income tax credits relate primarily to production tax credits from MidAmerican Energy's wind-powered generating facilities. Federal renewable electricity production tax credits are earned as energy from qualifying wind-powered generating facilities is produced and sold and are based on a per-kilowatt hour rate pursuant to the applicable federal income tax law. Wind-powered generating facilities are eligible for the credits for 10 years from the date the qualifying generating facilities are placed in-service.

Due to a combination of declines in pre-tax income and increases in production tax credits in recent years and changes in estimates for these values throughout the year, the volatility of the effective tax rate used to determine the recognition of income tax expense each quarter has similarly increased. MidAmerican Energy concluded that, due to such increased volatility, it was no longer able to reasonably estimate an annual effective tax rate for this purpose. Accordingly, beginning January 1, 2019, production tax credits are recognized in the Statement of Operations as they are earned, and excluded in the determination of the effective tax rate used in the recognition of all other income tax expense. Production tax credits recognized in income for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $98$190 million and $60$108 million, respectively with $30$56 million of the difference related to the change in the method of interim recognition in 2019.

Berkshire Hathaway includes BHE and subsidiaries in its United States federal and Iowa state income tax returns. Consistent with established regulatory practice, MidAmerican Funding's and MidAmerican Energy's provisions for income tax have been computed on a stand-alone basis, and substantially all of their currently payable or receivable income tax is remitted to or received from BHE. MidAmerican Funding made net cash payments for income tax to BHE totaling $8 million for the six-month period ended June 30, 2019, and received net cash payments for income tax from BHE totaling $- million and $14$234 million for the three-month periodssix-month period ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.June 30, 2018.

(7)Employee Benefit Plans

Refer to Note 7 of MidAmerican Energy's Notes to Financial Statements.




(8)    Asset Retirement Obligations
(8)Asset Retirement Obligations

Refer to Note 8 of MidAmerican Energy's Notes to Financial Statements.

(9)Fair Value Measurements

Refer to Note 9 of MidAmerican Energy's Notes to Financial Statements. MidAmerican Funding's long-term debt is carried at cost on the Consolidated Financial Statements. The fair value of MidAmerican Funding's long-term debt is a Level 2 fair value measurement and has been estimated based upon quoted market prices, where available, or at the present value of future cash flows discounted at rates consistent with comparable maturities with similar credit risks. The carrying value of MidAmerican Funding's variable-rate long-term debt approximates fair value because of the frequent repricing of these instruments at market rates. The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of MidAmerican Funding's long-term debt (in millions):
 As of March 31, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
        
Long-term debt$6,581
 $7,236
 $5,619
 $5,941
 As of June 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
        
Long-term debt$6,581
 $7,528
 $5,619
 $5,941

(10)Commitments and Contingencies

MidAmerican Funding is party to a variety of legal actions arising out of the normal course of business. Plaintiffs occasionally seek punitive or exemplary damages. MidAmerican Funding does not believe that such normal and routine litigation will have a material impact on its consolidated financial results.

Refer to Note 10 of MidAmerican Energy's Notes to Financial Statements.

(11)Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Refer to Note 11 of MidAmerican Energy's Notes to Financial Statements. Additionally, MidAmerican Funding had $- million and $1 million of other Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606 revenue of $1 million and $1 million for the three-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $1 million and $2 million for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

(12)Segment Information

MidAmerican Funding has identified two reportable segments: regulated electric and regulated natural gas. The regulated electric segment derives most of its revenue from regulated retail sales of electricity to residential, commercial, and industrial customers and from wholesale sales. The regulated natural gas segment derives most of its revenue from regulated retail sales of natural gas to residential, commercial, and industrial customers and also obtains revenue by transporting natural gas owned by others through its distribution system. Pricing for regulated electric and regulated natural gas sales are established separately by regulatory agencies; therefore, management also reviews each segment separately to make decisions regarding allocation of resources and in evaluating performance. Common operating costs, interest income, interest expense and income tax expense are allocated to each segment based on certain factors, which primarily relate to the nature of the cost. "Other" in the tables below consists of the financial results and assets of nonregulated operations, MHC and MidAmerican Funding.



The following tables provide information on a reportable segment basis (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
Operating revenue:          
Regulated electric$542
 $469
$538
 $589
 $1,080
 $1,058
Regulated natural gas295
 275
111
 127
 406
 402
Other5
 3
11
 2
 16
 5
Total operating revenue$842
 $747
$660
 $718
 $1,502
 $1,465
          
Operating income:          
Regulated electric$66
 $36
$87
 $78
 $153
 $114
Regulated natural gas48
 43
5
 8
 53
 51
Other2
 
2
 1
 4
 1
Total operating income116
 79
94
 87
 210
 166
Interest expense(75) (63)(74) (61) (149) (124)
Allowance for borrowed funds6
 4
7
 4
 13
 8
Allowance for equity funds15
 10
17
 13
 32
 23
Other, net21
 10
10
 13
 31
 23
Income before income tax benefit$83
 $40
$54
 $56
 $137
 $96

As ofAs of
March 31,
2019
 December 31,
2018
June 30,
2019
 December 31,
2018
Assets(1):
      
Regulated electric$18,564
 $17,702
$18,926
 $17,702
Regulated natural gas1,436
 1,485
1,368
 1,485
Other17
 15
19
 15
Total assets$20,017
 $19,202
$20,313
 $19,202
(1)Assets by reportable segment reflect the assignment of goodwill to applicable reporting units.



Item 2.Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

MidAmerican Funding is an Iowa limited liability company whose sole member is BHE. MidAmerican Funding owns all of the outstanding common stock of MHC Inc., which owns all of the common stock of MidAmerican Energy, Midwest Capital Group, Inc. and MEC Construction Services Co. MidAmerican Energy is a public utility company headquartered in Des Moines, Iowa. MHC Inc., MidAmerican Funding and BHE are also headquartered in Des Moines, Iowa.

The following is management's discussion and analysis of certain significant factors that have affected the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of MidAmerican Funding and its subsidiaries and MidAmerican Energy as presented in this joint filing. Information in Management's Discussion and Analysis related to MidAmerican Energy, whether or not segregated, also relates to MidAmerican Funding. Information related to other subsidiaries of MidAmerican Funding pertains only to the discussion of the financial condition and results of operations of MidAmerican Funding. Where necessary, discussions have been segregated under the heading "MidAmerican Funding" to allow the reader to identify information applicable only to MidAmerican Funding. Explanations include management's best estimate of the impact of weather, customer growth and other factors. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the historical unaudited Financial Statements and Notes to Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. MidAmerican Energy's and MidAmerican Funding's actual results in the future could differ significantly from the historical results.

Results of Operations for the Second Quarter and First QuarterSix Months of 2019 and 2018

Overview

MidAmerican Energy -

MidAmerican Energy's net income for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 was $193$156 million, an increase of $87$50 million, or 82%47%, compared to 2018 primarily due to higher electric utility margin of $67 million, higher income tax benefit of $44$52 million driven by a $38$44 million increase in recognized production tax credits, $30$26 million of which was due to a change in the method of interim recognition, lower depreciation and amortization of $29 million and higher allowances for equity and borrowed funds of $7 million, partially offset by higher interest expense of $14 million, lower electric utility margin of $24 million and lower natural gas utility margin of $4 million. Electric utility margin decreased due to lower retail customer volumes, lower average retail rates, lower wholesale revenue and lower recoveries through bill riders, partially offset by lower generation and purchased power costs. Electric retail customer volumes decreased 3.7% primarily from the unfavorable impact of weather, partially offset by higher industrial usage.

MidAmerican Energy's net income for the first six months of 2019 was $349 million, an increase of $137 million, or 65%, compared to 2018 due to higher income tax benefit of $96 million driven by an $82 million increase in recognized production tax credits, $56 million of which was due to a change in the method of interim recognition, higher electric utility margin of $43 million, higher allowances for equity and borrowed funds of $14 million, lower depreciation and amortization of $10 million and higher income from corporate-owned life insurance policies of $9 million, higher allowances for borrowed and equity funds of $7 million and higher natural gas utility margin of $6$8 million, partially offset by higher depreciationinterest expense of $25 million and amortization of $19 million from new wind-powered generation and other plant additions, higher operations and maintenance expense of $17 million and higher interest expense of $11$14 million. Electric utility margin increased due to higher recoveries through bill riders, higher retail customer volumes, of 4.7%, primarily from industrial growthlower generation and the favorable impact of weather,purchased power costs and higher electric wholesale revenue, partially offset by lower average retail rates. Electric retail customer volumes increased 0.5% as an increase in industrial usage was largely offset by the unfavorable impact of weather.

MidAmerican Funding -

MidAmerican Funding's net income for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 was $190$153 million, an increase of $87$50 million, or 84%49%, compared to 2018. MidAmerican Funding's net income for the first six months of 2019 was $343 million, an increase of $137 million, or 67%, compared to 2018. The increases were primarily due to the changes in MidAmerican Energy's earnings discussed above.



Non-GAAP Financial Measure

Management utilizes various key financial measures that are prepared in accordance with GAAP, as well as non-GAAP financial measures such as, electric utility margin and natural gas utility margin, to help evaluate results of operations. Electric utility margin is calculated as regulated electric operating revenue less cost of fuel and energy, which are captions presented on the Statements of Operations. Natural gas utility margin is calculated as regulated natural gas operating revenue less regulated cost of natural gas purchased for resale, which are included in regulated natural gas and other and cost of natural gas purchased for resale and other, respectively, on the Statements of Operations.

MidAmerican Energy's cost of fuel and energy and regulated cost of natural gas purchased for resale are generally recovered from its retail customers through regulatory recovery mechanisms, and as a result, changes in those expenses result in comparable changes to revenue from the related recovery mechanisms. As such, management believes electric utility margin and natural gas utility margin more appropriately and concisely explain profitability rather than a discussion of revenue and cost of sales separately. Management believes the presentation of electric utility margin and natural gas utility margin provides meaningful and valuable insight into the information management considers important to running the business and a measure of comparability to others in the industry.

Electric utility margin and natural gas utility margin are not measures calculated in accordance with GAAP and should be viewed as a supplement to and not a substitute for operating income, which is the most comparable financial measure prepared in accordance with GAAP. The following table provides a reconciliation of utility margin to MidAmerican Energy's operating income (in millions):
 First Quarter Second Quarter First Six Months
 2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
Electric utility margin:                     
Regulated electric operating revenue $542
 $469
 $73
16% $538
 $589
 $(51)(9)% $1,080
 $1,058
 $22
2 %
Cost of fuel and energy 114
 108
 6
6
 91
 118
 (27)(23) 205
 226
 (21)(9)
Electric utility margin 428
 361
 67
19
 447
 471
 (24)(5) 875
 832
 43
5
                     
Natural gas utility margin:                     
Regulated natural gas operating revenue 295
 275
 20
7% 111
 127
 (16)(13)% 406
 402
 4
1
Cost of natural gas purchased for resale 193
 179
 14
8
 55
 67
 (12)(18) 248
 246
 2
1
Natural gas utility margin 102
 96
 6
6
 56
 60
 (4)(7) 158
 156
 2
1
                     
Utility margin 530
 457
 73
16% 503
 531
 (28)(5)% 1,033
 988
 45
5
                     
Other operating revenue 5
 2
 3
150
 10
 1
 9
* 15
 3
 12
*
Other cost of sales 2
 
 2
* 7
 
 7
* 9
 
 9
*
Operations and maintenance 207
 190
 17
9% 204
 207
 (3)(1)% 411
 397
 14
4
Depreciation and amortization 177
 158
 19
12
 179
 208
 (29)(14) 356
 366
 (10)(3)
Property and other taxes 34
 32
 2
6
 29
 30
 (1)(3) 63
 62
 1
2
                     
Operating income $115
 $79
 $36
46% $94
 $87
 $7
8 % $209
 $166
 $43
26 %


*    Not meaningful.



Regulated Electric Utility Margin

A comparison of key operating results related to regulated electric utility margin is as follows:
First QuarterSecond Quarter First Six Months
2019 2018 Change2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
Electric utility margin (in millions):                      
Operating revenue$542
 $469
 $73
 16 %$538
 $589
 $(51) (9)% $1,080
 $1,058
 $22
 2 %
Cost of fuel and energy114
 108
 6
 6
91
 118
 (27) (23) 205
 226
 (21) (9)
Electric utility margin$428
 $361
 $67
 19
$447
 $471
 $(24) (5) $875
 $832
 $43
 5
                      
Electricity Sales (GWh):                      
Residential1,885
 1,786
 99
 6 %1,270
 1,569
 (299) (19)% 3,155
 3,355
 (200) (6)%
Commercial1,040
 985
 55
 6
853
 934
 (81) (9) 1,893
 1,919
 (26) (1)
Industrial3,271
 3,125
 146
 5
3,644
 3,483
 161
 5
 6,915
 6,608
 307
 5
Other399
 403
 (4) (1)381
 400
 (19) (5) 780
 803
 (23) (3)
Total retail6,595
 6,299
 296
 5
6,148
 6,386
 (238) (4) 12,743
 12,685
 58
 
Wholesale3,276
 2,565
 711
 28
2,328
 2,454
 (126) (5) 5,604
 5,019
 585
 12
Total sales9,871
 8,864
 1,007
 11
8,476
 8,840
 (364) (4) 18,347
 17,704
 643
 4
                      
Average number of retail customers (in thousands)785
 777
 8
 1 %785
 778
 7
 1 % 785
 778
 7
 1 %
                      
Average revenue per MWh:                      
Retail$67.22
 $61.66
 $5.56
 9 %$76.02
 $79.32
 $(3.30) (4)% $71.46
 $70.55
 $0.91
 1 %
Wholesale$23.37
 $22.66
 $0.71
 3 %$21.88
 $25.79
 $(3.91) (15)% $22.75
 $24.19
 $(1.44) (6)%
                      
Heating degree days3,601
 3,335
 266
 8 %605
 700
 (95) (14)% 4,206
 4,035
 171
 4 %
Cooling degree days280
 511
 (231) (45)% 280
 511
 (231) (45)%
                      
Sources of energy (GWh)(1):
                      
Coal3,903
 3,329
 574
 17 %2,434
 3,405
 (971) (29)% 6,337
 6,734
 (397) (6)%
Nuclear916
 891
 25
 3
968
 957
 11
 1
 1,884
 1,848
 36
 2
Natural gas18
 45
 (27) (60)46
 229
 (183) (80) 64
 274
 (210) (77)
Wind and other(2)
4,344
 3,985
 359
 9
3,954
 3,280
 674
 21
 8,298
 7,265
 1,033
 14
Total energy generated9,181
 8,250
 931
 11
7,402
 7,871
 (469) (6) 16,583
 16,121
 462
 3
Energy purchased849
 788
 61
 8
1,197
 1,168
 29
 2
 2,046
 1,956
 90
 5
Total10,030
 9,038
 992
 11
8,599
 9,039
 (440) (5) 18,629
 18,077
 552
 3


(1)GWh amounts are net of energy used by the related generating facilities.

(2)All or some of the renewable energy attributes associated with generation from these generating facilities may be: (a) used in future years to comply with renewable portfolio standards or other regulatory requirements or (b) sold to third parties in the form of renewable energy credits or other environmental commodities.


Regulated electric utility margin increased $67decreased $24 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to:
(1)HigherLower retail utility margin of $51$31 million due to -
an increasea decrease of $36 million, net of fuel costs, from higher recoveries through bill riders (substantially offset in operations and maintenance expense and income tax benefit);
an increase of $20 million from non-weather-related usage factors, including higher industrial sales volumes;
an increase of $4$27 million from the favorable impact of weather; partially offset byweather in 2018;
a decrease of $9$18 million in average revenue rates due to sales mix; and
a decrease of $2 million from other revenue and factors, partially offset by
an increase of $16 million from non-weather-related sales growth, primarily higher industrial usage; and
(2)Higher wholesale utility margin of $15$7 million due to higher marginsmargin per unit, reflecting lower costs, partially offset by lower sales volumes.
Regulated electric utility margin increased $43 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to:
(1)Higher wholesale utility margin of $22 million due to higher margin per unit from lower fuel costs and higher saleswholesale volumes; and
(3)(2)Higher Multi-Value Projects ("MVP") transmission revenueretail utility margin of $1 million.$20 million primarily due to -
an increase of $36 million from non-weather-related sales growth, primarily higher industrial usage; and
an increase of $35 million, net of energy costs, from higher recoveries through bill riders, including a decrease of $10 million in electric DSM program revenue (offset in operations and maintenance expense); partially offset by
a decrease of $27 million in averages rates, predominantly from sales mix; and
a decrease of $23 million from the favorable impact of weather in 2018.

Regulated Natural Gas Utility Margin

A comparison of key operating results related to regulated natural gas utility margin is as follows:
First QuarterSecond Quarter First Six Months
2019 2018 Change2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
Natural gas utility margin (in millions):                      
Operating revenue$295
 $275
 $20
 7 %$111
 $127
 $(16) (13) % $406
 $402
 $4
 1 %
Cost of natural gas purchased for resale193
 179
 14
 8
55
 67
 (12) (18) 248
 246
 2
 1
Natural gas utility margin$102
 $96
 $6
 6
$56
 $60
 $(4) (7) $158
 $156
 $2
 1
                      
Natural gas throughput (000's Dth):                      
Residential28,569
 26,079
 2,490
 10 %6,928
 7,641
 (713) (9) % 35,497
 33,720
 1,777
 5 %
Commercial13,284
 12,253
 1,031
 8
3,297
 3,757
 (460) (12) 16,581
 16,010
 571
 4
Industrial1,546
 1,416
 130
 9
949
 1,289
 (340) (26) 2,495
 2,705
 (210) (8)
Other35
 22
 13
 59
13
 8
 5
 63
 48
 30
 18
 60
Total retail sales43,434
 39,770
 3,664
 9
11,187
 12,695
 (1,508) (12) 54,621
 52,465
 2,156
 4
Wholesale sales11,555
 11,176
 379
 3
7,050
 9,195
 (2,145) (23) 18,605
 20,371
 (1,766) (9)
Total sales54,989
 50,946
 4,043
 8
18,237
 21,890
 (3,653) (17) 73,226
 72,836
 390
 1
Natural gas transportation service30,543
 29,460
 1,083
 4
23,824
 22,632
 1,192
 5
 54,367
 52,092
 2,275
 4
Total natural gas throughput85,532
 80,406
 5,126
 6
42,061
 44,522
 (2,461) (6) 127,593
 124,928
 2,665
 2
                      
Average number of retail customers (in thousands)763
 757
 6
 1 %761
 755
 6
 1 % 762
 757
 5
 1 %
Average revenue per retail Dth sold$5.72
 $5.81
 $(0.09) (2) %$7.89
 $7.56
 $0.33
 4 % $6.16
 $6.24
 $(0.08) (1) %
Average cost of natural gas per retail Dth sold$3.65
 $3.70
 $(0.05) (1) %$3.56
 $3.42
 $0.14
 4 % $3.63
 $3.63
 $
  %
                      
Combined retail and wholesale average cost of natural gas per Dth sold$3.50
 $3.51
 $(0.01)  %$3.01
 $3.04
 $(0.03) (1) % $3.38
 $3.37
 $0.01
  %
                      
Heating degree days3,726
 3,443
 283
 8 %663
 734
 (71) (10) % 4,389
 4,177
 212
 5 %




Regulated natural gas utility margin decreased $4 million for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 due to:
(1)A decrease of $5 million from lower natural gas DSM program revenue (offset in operations and maintenance expense); and
(2)A decrease of $3 million from greater tax reform revenue reductions; partially offset by
(3)An increase of $4 million from a higher average rate due to sales mix.
Regulated natural gas utility marginincreased $6$2 million for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 due to:
(1)An increase of $4$7 million from non-weather rate and non-weather-related usage factors;variances, in part due to sales mix; and
(2)An increase of $2 million from lower tax reform revenue reduction;the favorable impact of weather; partially offset by
(3)An increaseA decrease of $1$6 million from the impact of weather; partially offset bylower natural gas DSM program revenue (offset in operations and maintenance expense); and
(4)A decrease of $1 million from lower natural gas DSM programgreater tax reform revenue (offset in operations and maintenance expense).reductions.



Operating Expenses

MidAmerican Energy -

Operations and maintenance decreased $3 million for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower DSM program expense of $12 million, which is recoverable in bill riders and offset in operating revenue, and lower fossil-fueled generation maintenance of $8 million, partially offset by higher wind-powered generation operations and maintenance of $7 million due to additional wind turbines and easements, higher electric and gas distribution operation and maintenance of $5 million and higher nonregulated operations costs of $3 million.

Operations and maintenance increased $17 $14 million for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher wind-powered generation operations and maintenance of $10$16 million due to additional wind turbines and easements, and higher electric distribution operationoperations and maintenance of $4$7 million from emergency outage and tree-trimming costs, and higher nonregulated operations costs of $7 million, higher transmission costs from MISO of $4 million, which are recoverable in bill riders and offset in operating revenue, and higher gas distribution operations and maintenance of $3 million, partially offset by lower DSM program expense of $3$16 million, which is recoverable in bill riders and offset in operating revenue.revenue, and lower fossil-fueled generation maintenance of $8 million.

Depreciation and amortization increased $19 million for the second quarter and first quartersix months of 2019 decreased $29 million and $10 million, respectively, compared to 2018 due to lower Iowa revenue sharing accruals of $48 million, partially offset by wind-powered generating facilities and other plant placed in-service.

Other Income (Expense)

MidAmerican Energy -

Interest expense increased $11$14 million and $25 million for the second quarter and first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher interest expense from the issuance of $1.5 billion of first mortgage bonds in January 2019, partially offset by the redemption of $500 million of first mortgage bonds in February 2019.

Allowance for borrowed and equity funds increased $7 million and $14 million for the second quarter and first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher construction work-in-progress balances related to wind-powered generation.

Other, net decreased $2 million and increased $11$9 million for the firstsecond quarter and first six months of 2019, respectively, compared to 2018 primarily due to higherfluctuation in returns on corporate-owned life insurance policies and, for the first six months, higher interest income from favorable cash positions.



Income Tax Benefit

MidAmerican Energy -

MidAmerican Energy's income tax benefit increased $44$52 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018, and the effective tax rate was (122)(169)% for 2019 and (77)% for 2018. For the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018, MidAmerican Energy's income tax benefit increased $96 million, and the effective tax rate was (141)% for 2019 and (104)% for 2018. The change in the effective tax rates for 2019 compared to 2018 were substantially due to the recognition of production tax credits.

Federal renewable electricity production tax credits are earned as energy from qualifying wind-powered generating facilities is produced and sold and are based on a per-kilowatt hour rate pursuant to the applicable federal income tax law. Wind-powered generating facilities, including those facilities where a significant portion of the equipment was replaced, commonly referred to as repowered facilities, are eligible for the credits for 10 years from the date the qualifying generating facilities were placed in-service. Due to a combination of declines in pre-tax income and increases in production tax credits in recent years and changes in estimates for these values throughout the year, the volatility of the effective tax rate used to determine the recognition of income tax expense each quarter has similarly increased. MidAmerican Energy concluded that, due to such increased volatility, it was no longer able to reasonably estimate an annual effective tax rate for this purpose. Accordingly, beginning January 1, 2019, production tax credits are recognized in the Statement of Operations as they are earned, and excluded in the determination of the effective tax rate used in the recognition of all other income tax expense. Production tax credits recognized in income for the three-month periods ended March 31,first six months of 2019 and 2018 were $98$190 million and $60$108 million, respectively, with $30$56 million of the difference related to the change in the method of interim recognition in 2019.

MidAmerican Funding -

MidAmerican Funding's income tax benefit increased $44$52 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018, and the effective tax rate was (129)(183)% for 2019 and (158)(84)% for 2018. For the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018, MidAmerican Energy's income tax benefit increased $96 million, and the effective tax rate was (150)% for 2019 and (115)% for 2018. The changes in the effective tax rates were principally due to the factors discussed for MidAmerican Energy.



Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of March 31,June 30, 2019, MidAmerican Energy's and MidAmerican Funding's total net liquidity were as follows (in millions):
 
MidAmerican Energy:    
Cash and cash equivalents $432
 $185
    
Credit facilities, maturing 2019 and 2021 905
Credit facilities, maturing 2020 and 2022 905
Less:    
Tax-exempt bond support (370) (370)
Net credit facilities 535
 535
    
MidAmerican Energy total net liquidity $967
 $720
    
MidAmerican Funding:    
MidAmerican Energy total net liquidity $967
 $720
Cash and cash equivalents 1
 1
MHC, Inc. credit facility, maturing 2019 4
MHC, Inc. credit facility, maturing 2020 4
MidAmerican Funding total net liquidity $972
 $725



Operating Activities

MidAmerican Energy's net cash flows from operating activities for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, were $278$463 million and $230$651 million, respectively. MidAmerican Funding's net cash flows from operating activities for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, were $268$454 million and $228$654 million, respectively. Cash flows from operating activities increaseddecreased primarily due to the timing of MidAmerican Energy's income tax cash flows with BHE, partially offset by higher cash margins for MidAmerican Energy's regulated electric wholesale business and lower payments to vendors.

MidAmerican Energy's income tax cash flows with BHE totaled net cash payments of $9 million in 2019 and net cash receipts of $228 million in 2018. The timing of MidAmerican Energy's income tax cash flows from period to period can be significantly affected by the estimated federal income tax payment methods and assumptions for each payment date.

Investing Activities

MidAmerican Energy's net cash flows from investing activities for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, were $(575) million and $(371) million, respectively. MidAmerican Funding's net cash flows from investing activities for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, were $(576)$(1,008) million and $(371)$(813) million, respectively. Net cash flows from investing activities consist almost entirely of capital expenditures, which increased due to higher wind-powered generating facility construction expenditures. Purchases and proceeds related to marketable securities substantially consist of activity within the Quad Cities Generating Station nuclear decommissioning trust and other trust investments.

Financing Activities

MidAmerican Energy's net cash flows from financing activities for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $720 million and $337$336 million, respectively. MidAmerican Funding's net cash flows from financing activities for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, were $731$729 million and $339$334 million, respectively. In January 2019, MidAmerican Energy issued $700$600 million of its 3.65% First Mortgage Bonds due 2029 and $900 million of its 4.25% First Mortgage Bonds due 2049.
In February 2019, MidAmerican Energy redeemed $500 million of its 2.40% First Mortgage Bonds due in March 2019 at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount plus accrued interest. In February 2018, MidAmerican Energy issued $700 million of its 3.65% First Mortgage Bonds due 2048. In2048, and in March 2018, MidAmerican Energy repaid $350 million of its 5.30% Senior Notes due March 2018. Through its commercial paper program, MidAmerican Energy made payments totaling $240 million in 2019. MidAmerican Funding received $11 million and $2$10 million in 2019 and paid $3 million in 2018 respectively, through its note payable with BHE.



Debt Authorizations and Related Matters

MidAmerican Energy has authority from the FERC to issue, through July 31, 2020, commercial paper and bank notes aggregating $1.3 billion at interest rates not to exceed the applicable London Interbank Offered Rate plus a spread of 400 basis points.

MidAmerican Energy currently has an effective registration statement with the SEC to issue an indeterminate amount of long-term debt securities through June 26, 2021. Additionally, MidAmerican Energy has authorization from the FERC to issue, through August 31, 2019,June 30, 2021, preferred stock up to an aggregate of $500 million and long-term debt securities up to an aggregate of $1.7 billion at interest rates not to exceed the applicable United States Treasury rate plus a spread of 175 basis points and from the ICC to issue preferred stock up to an aggregate of $500 million through November 1, 2020.

Future Uses of Cash

MidAmerican Energy and MidAmerican Funding have available a variety of sources of liquidity and capital resources, both internal and external, including net cash flows from operating activities, public and private debt offerings, the issuance of commercial paper, the use of unsecured revolving credit facilities and other sources. These sources are expected to provide funds required for current operations, capital expenditures, debt retirements and other capital requirements. The availability and terms under which MidAmerican Energy and MidAmerican Funding have access to external financing depends on a variety of factors, including regulatory approvals, their credit ratings, investors' judgment of risk and conditions in the overall capital markets, including the condition of the utility industry.



Capital Expenditures

MidAmerican Energy has significant future capital requirements. Capital expenditure needs are reviewed regularly by management and may change significantly as a result of these reviews, which may consider, among other factors, impacts to customers' rates; changes in environmental and other rules and regulations; outcomes of regulatory proceedings; changes in income tax laws; general business conditions; load projections; system reliability standards; the cost and efficiency of construction labor, equipment and materials; commodity prices; and the cost and availability of capital.

MidAmerican Energy's historical and forecast capital expenditures, each of which exclude amounts for non-cash equity AFUDC and other non-cash items, are as follows (in millions):
Three-Month Periods AnnualSix-Month Periods Annual
Ended March 31, ForecastEnded June 30, Forecast
2018 2019 20192018 2019 2019
          
Wind-powered generation$16
 $159
 $1,396
$313
 $473
 $1,463
Wind-powered generation repowering70
 27
 133
141
 118
 395
Other279
 387
 1,100
364
 426
 1,143
Total$365
 $573
 $2,629
$818
 $1,017
 $3,001

MidAmerican Energy's forecast capital expenditures for 2019 include the following:

The construction of wind-powered generating facilities in Iowa. MidAmerican Energy currently has twothree wind-powered generation construction projects in progress, two of which are under ratemaking principles approved by the IUB.
In August 2016, the IUB issued an order approving ratemaking principles related to MidAmerican Energy's construction of up to 2,000 MW (nominal ratings) of additional wind-powered generating facilities ("Wind XI") expected to be placed in service in 2017 through 2019, including a total of 1,151 MW (nominal ratings) placed in-service through March 31,June 30, 2019. Wind XI ratemaking principles established a cost cap of $3.6 billion, including AFUDC, a fixed rate of return on equity of 11.0% over the proposed 40-year useful lives of those facilities in any future Iowa rate proceeding and the revenue sharing mechanism that was effective in 2018. In December 2018, the IUB issued an order approving ratemaking principles related to MidAmerican Energy's construction of up to 591 MWs (nominal ratings) of additional wind-powered generating facilities ("Wind XII") expected to be placed in-service by the end of 2020. Wind XII ratemaking principles establish a cost cap of $922 million, including AFUDC, establish a fixed rate of return on equity of 11.0% over the proposed 40-year useful lives of those facilities in any future Iowa rate proceeding and provide that all Iowa retail energy benefits from Wind XII will reduce rate base and be excluded from the Iowa energy adjustment clause. Additionally, the ratemaking principles modify the Wind XI revenue sharing mechanism, effective January 1, 2019, such that revenue sharing will be triggered each year by actual equity returns above a threshold calculated annually or 11%, whichever is less, and MidAmerican Energy will share with customers 90% of the revenue in excess of the trigger, instead of 100% sharing. The threshold will be calculated each year-end and will be the weighted average of equity returns authorized via ratemaking principles for certain rate base and, for remaining rate base, interest rates on 30-year single A-rated utility bond yields plus 400 basis points, with a minimum return of 9.5%.The cost caps established by ratemaking principles ensure that as long as total costs for each project are below the cap, the investment will be deemed prudent in any future Iowa rate proceeding. MidAmerican Energy expects all of these wind-powered generating facilities to qualify for 100% of production tax credits available. Production tax credits from these projects are excluded from MidAmerican Energy's Iowa energy adjustment clause until these generation assets are reflected in base rates.
Additionally, MidAmerican Energy is constructing 205 MW (nominal ratings) of wind-powered generating facilities expected to be placed in-service in 2020, with a current forecast of $300 million, including AFUDC. This project is not subject to pre-approved ratemaking principles. MidAmerican Energy expects these wind-powered generating facilities to qualify for 100% of production tax credits available. Production tax credits from this project are expected to be included in MidAmerican Energy's Iowa energy adjustment clause.


The repowering of the oldest of MidAmerican Energy's wind-powered generating facilities in Iowa. The repowering projects entail the replacement of significant components of the facilities, which is expected to qualify such facilities for the re-establishment of production tax credits for ten years following each facility's return to service at rates that depend upon the year in which construction begins. Of the 1,479 MWs of current repowering projects not in-service as of March 31,June 30, 2019, 303 MWs are currently expected to qualify for 100% of the federal production tax credits available for ten years following each facility's return to service, 769 MWs are expected to qualify for 80% of such credits and 407 MWs are expected to qualify for 60% of such credits.
Remaining costs primarily relate to routine expenditures for generation, transmission, distribution and other infrastructure needed to serve existing and expected demand.

Contractual Obligations

As of March 31,June 30, 2019, there have been no material changes outside the normal course of business in MidAmerican Energy's and MidAmerican Funding's contractual obligations from the information provided in Item 7 of their Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Regulatory Matters

MidAmerican Energy is subject to comprehensive regulation. Refer to "Regulatory Matters" in Berkshire Hathaway Energy's Part I, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q for discussion regarding MidAmerican Energy's current regulatory matters.



Quad Cities Generating Station Operating Status

Exelon Generation Company, LLC ("Exelon Generation"), the operator of Quad Cities Generating Station Units 1 and 2 ("Quad Cities Station") of which MidAmerican Energy has a 25% ownership interest, announced on June 2, 2016, its intention to shut down Quad Cities Station on June 1, 2018, as a result of Illinois not passing adequate legislation and Quad Cities Station not clearing the 2019-2020 PJM Interconnection, L.L.C. capacity auction. MidAmerican Energy expressed to Exelon Generation its desire for the continued operation of the facility through the end of its operating license in 2032 and worked with Exelon Generation on solutions to that end. In December 2016, Illinois passed legislation creating a zero emission standard, which went into effect June 1, 2017. The zero emission standard requires the Illinois Power Agency to purchase zero emission credits ("ZECs") and recover the costs from certain ratepayers in Illinois, subject to certain limitations. The proceeds from the zero emission credits will provide Exelon Generation additional revenue through 2027 as an incentive for continued operation of Quad Cities Station. For the nuclear assets already in rate base, MidAmerican Energy's customers will not be charged for the subsidy, and MidAmerican Energy will not receive additional revenue from the subsidy.

On February 14, 2017, two lawsuits were filed with the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois ("Northern District of Illinois") against the Illinois Power Agency alleging that the state's zero emission credit program violates certain provisions of the United States Constitution. Both lawsuits were dismissed at the Northern District of Illinois, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit affirmed the dismissals. On April 15, 2019, plaintiffs' petition seeking United States Supreme Court review of the case was denied.

On January 9, 2017, the Electric Power Supply Association filed two requests with the FERC seeking to expand Minimum Offer Price Rule ("MOPR") provisions to apply to existing resources receiving zero emission credit compensation. If successful, an expanded MOPR could result in an increased risk of Quad Cities Station not clearing in future capacity auctions and Exelon Generation no longer receiving capacity revenues for the facility. As majority owner and operator of Quad Cities Station, Exelon Generation has filed protests at the FERC in response to each filing. The FERC has not yet issued a decision on the requests.

On April 10, 2019, PJM Interconnection, L.L.C. ("PJM") notified the FERC of its intent to proceed with the next capacity auction in August 2019 under the existing market rules and asked the FERC to clarify that it would not require the PJM to re-run the auction in the event the FERC alters those market rules in its decision on the MOPR complaint. It is too early to predict the final outcome of each of these proceedings or their potential impact on the continued operation of Quad Cities Station.



Environmental Laws and Regulations

MidAmerican Energy is subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations regarding climate change, RPS, air and water quality, emissions performance standards, coal combustion byproduct disposal, hazardous and solid waste disposal, protected species and other environmental matters that have the potential to impact its current and future operations. In addition to imposing continuing compliance obligations and capital expenditure requirements, these laws and regulations provide regulators with the authority to levy substantial penalties for noncompliance including fines, injunctive relief and other sanctions. These laws and regulations are administered by the EPA and various state and local agencies. All such laws and regulations are subject to a range of interpretation, which may ultimately be resolved by the courts. Environmental laws and regulations continue to evolve, and MidAmerican Energy is unable to predict the impact of the changing laws and regulations on its operations and consolidated financial results. MidAmerican Energy believes it is in material compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.

Refer to "Environmental Laws and Regulations" in Berkshire Hathaway Energy's Part I, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q for additional information regarding environmental laws and regulations.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Certain accounting measurements require management to make estimates and judgments concerning transactions that will be settled several years in the future. Amounts recognized on the Financial Statements based on such estimates involve numerous assumptions subject to varying and potentially significant degrees of judgment and uncertainty and will likely change in the future as additional information becomes available. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, the accounting for the effects of certain types of regulation, derivatives, impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets, pension and other postretirement benefits, income taxes and revenue recognition - unbilled revenue. For additional discussion of MidAmerican Energy's and MidAmerican Funding's critical accounting estimates, see Item 7 of their Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. There have been no significant changes in MidAmerican Energy's and MidAmerican Funding's assumptions regarding critical accounting estimates since December 31, 2018.



Nevada Power Company and its subsidiaries
Consolidated Financial Section



PART I
Item 1.Financial Statements


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM


To the Board of Directors and Shareholder of
Nevada Power Company

Results of Review of Interim Financial Information

We have reviewed the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Nevada Power Company and subsidiaries ("Nevada Power") as of March 31,June 30, 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations and changes in shareholder's equity for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, and of cash flows for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "interim financial information"). Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying interim financial information for it to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheet of Nevada Power as of December 31, 2018, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholder's equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated February 22, 2019, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.

Basis for Review Results

This interim financial information is the responsibility of Nevada Power's management. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to Nevada Power in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our reviews in accordance with standards of the PCAOB. A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.


/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP


Las Vegas, Nevada
May 3,August 2, 2019



NEVADA POWER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions, except share data)

As ofAs of
March 31, December 31,June 30, December 31,
2019 20182019 2018
ASSETS
Current assets:      
Cash and cash equivalents$51
 $111
$81
 $111
Trade receivables, net193
 233
280
 233
Inventories63
 61
65
 61
Regulatory assets72
 39
47
 39
Other current assets64
 75
59
 75
Total current assets443
 519
532
 519
      
Property, plant and equipment, net6,443
 6,418
6,457
 6,418
Finance lease right of use assets, net449
 450
449
 450
Regulatory assets862
 878
845
 878
Other assets60
 37
59
 37
      
Total assets$8,257
 $8,302
$8,342
 $8,302
      
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDER'S EQUITY
Current liabilities:      
Accounts payable$178
 $187
$191
 $187
Accrued interest35
 38
30
 38
Accrued property, income and other taxes28
 30
54
 30
Current portion of long-term debt
 500
575
 500
Current portion of finance lease obligations24
 20
27
 20
Regulatory liabilities50
 49
47
 49
Customer deposits76
 67
85
 67
Other current liabilities38
 29
43
 29
Total current liabilities429
 920
1,052
 920
      
Long-term debt2,348
 1,853
1,775
 1,853
Finance lease obligations
438
 443
434
 443
Regulatory liabilities1,156
 1,137
1,153
 1,137
Deferred income taxes750
 749
738
 749
Other long-term liabilities301
 296
306
 296
Total liabilities5,422
 5,398
5,458
 5,398
      
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)
 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
 
      
Shareholder's equity:      
Common stock - $1.00 stated value; 1,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding
 

 
Additional paid-in capital2,308
 2,308
2,308
 2,308
Retained earnings531
 600
580
 600
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net(4) (4)(4) (4)
Total shareholder's equity2,835
 2,904
2,884
 2,904
      
Total liabilities and shareholder's equity$8,257
 $8,302
$8,342
 $8,302
      
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.


NEVADA POWER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
          
Operating revenue$395
 $395
$527
 $562
 $922
 $957
          
Operating expenses:          
Cost of fuel and energy173
 170
226
 239
 399
 409
Operations and maintenance76
 91
78
 107
 154
 198
Depreciation and amortization89
 84
89
 84
 178
 168
Property and other taxes12
 10
11
 10
 23
 20
Total operating expenses350
 355
404
 440
 754
 795
          
Operating income45
 40
123
 122
 168
 162
          
Other income (expense):          
Interest expense(47) (45)(41) (45) (88) (90)
Allowance for borrowed funds1
 

 1
 1
 1
Allowance for equity funds1
 1
1
 
 2
 1
Other, net8
 4
5
 5
 13
 9
Total other income (expense)(37) (40)(35) (39) (72) (79)
          
Income before income tax expense8
 
88
 83
 96
 83
Income tax expense2
 
19
 19
 21
 19
Net income$6
 $
$69
 $64
 $75
 $64
          
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.  



NEVADA POWER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDER'S EQUITY (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions, except shares)

         Accumulated           Accumulated  
     Additional   Other Total     Additional   Other Total
 Common Stock Paid-in Retained Comprehensive Shareholder's Common Stock Paid-in Retained Comprehensive Shareholder's
 Shares Amount Capital Earnings Loss, Net Equity Shares Amount Capital Earnings Loss, Net Equity
                        
Balance, March 31, 2018 1,000
 $
 $2,308
 $374
 $(4) $2,678
Net income 
 
 
 64
 
 64
Balance, June 30, 2018 1,000
 $
 $2,308
 $438
 $(4) $2,742
            
Balance, December 31, 2017 1,000
 $
 $2,308
 $374
 $(4) $2,678
 1,000
 $
 $2,308
 $374
 $(4) $2,678
Net income 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 64
 
 64
Balance, March 31, 2018 1,000
 $
 $2,308
 $374
 $(4) $2,678
Balance, June 30, 2018 1,000
 $
 $2,308
 $438
 $(4) $2,742
            
Balance, March 31, 2019 1,000
 $
 $2,308
 $531
 $(4) $2,835
Net income 
 
 
 69
 
 69
Dividends declared 
 
 
 (20) 
 (20)
Balance, June 30, 2019 1,000
 $
 $2,308
 $580
 $(4) $2,884
                        
Balance, December 31, 2018 1,000
 $
 $2,308
 $600
 $(4) $2,904
 1,000
 $
 $2,308
 $600
 $(4) $2,904
Net income 
 
 
 6
 
 6
 
 
 
 75
 
 75
Dividends declared 
 
 
 (75) 
 (75) 
 
 
 (95) 
 (95)
Balance, March 31, 2019 1,000
 $
 $2,308
 $531
 $(4) $2,835
Balance, June 30, 2019 1,000
 $
 $2,308
 $580
 $(4) $2,884
                        
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



NEVADA POWER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

Three-Month PeriodsSix-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income$6
 $
$75
 $64
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization89
 84
178
 168
Allowance for equity funds(1) (1)(2) (1)
Changes in regulatory assets and liabilities28
 10
3
 28
Deferred income taxes and amortization of investment tax credits2
 (7)(9) (14)
Deferred energy(33) 
13
 25
Amortization of deferred energy3
 3
12
 7
Other, net(5) 
(6) 9
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities:      
Trade receivables and other assets48
 57
(47) (62)
Inventories(2) 1
(3) 1
Accrued property, income and other taxes(11) (1)21
 12
Accounts payable and other liabilities11
 (36)30
 13
Net cash flows from operating activities135
 110
265
 250
      
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Capital expenditures(113) (64)(191) (135)
Proceeds from sale of assets2
 
2
 1
Net cash flows from investing activities(111) (64)(189) (134)
      
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Proceeds from long-term debt495
 
495
 573
Repayments of long-term debt(500) 
(500) (325)
Dividends paid(75) 
(95) 
Other, net(3) (5)(7) (7)
Net cash flows from financing activities(83) (5)(107) 241
      
Net change in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents(59) 41
(31) 357
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period121
 66
121
 66
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period$62
 $107
$90
 $423
      
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



NEVADA POWER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

(1)General

Nevada Power Company, together with its subsidiaries ("Nevada Power"), is a wholly owned subsidiary of NV Energy, Inc. ("NV Energy"), a holding company that also owns Sierra Pacific Power Company ("Sierra Pacific") and certain other subsidiaries. Nevada Power is a United States regulated electric utility company serving retail customers, including residential, commercial and industrial customers, primarily in the Las Vegas, North Las Vegas, Henderson and adjoining areas. NV Energy is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company ("BHE"). BHE is a holding company based in Des Moines, Iowa that owns subsidiaries principally engaged in energy businesses. BHE is a consolidated subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Inc. ("Berkshire Hathaway").

The unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and regulations for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP for annual financial statements. Management believes the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for the fair presentation of the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and for the three-monththree- and six-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018. The Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income have been omitted as net income equals comprehensive income for the three-monththree- and six-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018. The results of operations for the three-month periodthree- and six-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

The preparation of the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period. Actual results may differ from the estimates used in preparing the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Nevada Power's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 describes the most significant accounting policies used in the preparation of the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. There have been no significant changes in Nevada Power's assumptions regarding significant accounting estimates and policies, except as disclosed in Note 4, during the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2019.

(2)
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents consist of funds invested in money market mutual funds, United States Treasury Bills and other investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased. Cash and cash equivalents exclude amounts where availability is restricted by legal requirements, loan agreements or other contractual provisions. Restricted cash and cash equivalents as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, consist of funds restricted by the Public Utilities Commission of Nevada ("PUCN") for a certain renewable energy contract. A reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows is outlined below and disaggregated by the line items in which they appear on the Consolidated Balance Sheets (in millions):
As ofAs of
March 31, December 31,June 30, December 31,
2019 20182019 2018
Cash and cash equivalents$51
 $111
$81
 $111
Restricted cash and cash equivalents included in other current assets11
 10
9
 10
Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents$62
 $121
$90
 $121



(3)Property, Plant and Equipment, Net

Property, plant and equipment, net consists of the following (in millions):
 As of As of
Depreciable Life March 31, December 31,Depreciable Life June 30, December 31,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Utility plant:        
Generation30 - 55 years $3,725
 $3,720
30 - 55 years $3,724
 $3,720
Distribution20 - 65 years 3,436
 3,411
20 - 65 years 3,472
 3,411
Transmission45 - 70 years 1,441
 1,439
45 - 70 years 1,446
 1,439
General and intangible plant5 - 65 years 710
 716
5 - 65 years 709
 716
Utility plant 9,312
 9,286
 9,351
 9,286
Accumulated depreciation and amortization (2,995) (2,966) (3,027) (2,966)
Utility plant, net 6,317
 6,320
 6,324
 6,320
Other non-regulated, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization45 years 1
 1
45 years 1
 1
Plant, net 6,318
 6,321
 6,325
 6,321
Construction work-in-progress 125
 97
 132
 97
Property, plant and equipment, net $6,443
 $6,418
 $6,457
 $6,418

(4)
Leases

Adoption

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-02, which creates FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 842, "Leases" and supersedes Topic 840 "Leases." This guidance increases transparency and comparability among entities by recording lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. A lessee should recognize on the balance sheet a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. The recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee have not significantly changed from previous guidance. Following the issuance of ASU No. 2016-02, the FASB issued several ASUs that clarified the implementation guidance for ASU No. 2016-02 but did not change the core principle of the guidance. Nevada Power adopted this guidance for all applicable contracts in-effect as of January 1, 2019 under a modified retrospective method and the adoption did not have a cumulative-effect impact to the opening balance of retained earnings at the date of initial adoption.


Nevada Power has elected to utilize various practical expedients available to adopt ASU No. 2016-02, including (1) the package of three not requiring a reassessment of (i) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases; (ii) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases; and (iii) initial direct costs for any existing leases; (2) using hindsight in determining the lease term; and (3) not requiring a reassessment of whether existing or expired land easements that were not previously accounted for as leases under ASC Topic 840 are or contain a lease under ASC Topic 842.




Leases

Lessee

Nevada Power has non-cancelable operating leases primarily for land, generating facilities, vehicles and office equipment and finance leases consisting primarily of transmission assets, generating facilities, office space and vehicles. These leases generally require Nevada Power to pay for insurance, taxes and maintenance applicable to the leased property. Given the capital intensive nature of the utility industry, it is common for a portion of lease costs to be capitalized when used during construction or maintenance of assets, in which the associated costs will be capitalized with the corresponding asset and depreciated over the remaining life of that asset. Certain leases contain renewal options for varying periods and escalation clauses for adjusting rent to reflect changes in price indices. Nevada Power does not include options in its lease calculations unless there is a triggering event indicating Nevada Power is reasonably certain to exercise the option. Nevada Power's accounting policy is to not recognize lease obligations and corresponding right-of-use assets for leases with contract terms of one year or less and not separate lease components from non-lease components and instead account for each separate lease component and the non-lease components associated with a lease as a single lease component. Leases will be evaluated for impairment in line with ASC Topic 360, "Property, Plant and Equipment" when a triggering event has occurred that might affect the value and use of the assets being leased.

Nevada Power's leases of generating facilities generally are for the long-term purchase of electric energy, also known as power purchase agreements ("PPA"). PPAs are generally signed before or during the early stages of project construction and can yield a lease that has not yet commenced. These agreements are primarily for renewable energy and the payments are considered variable lease payments as they are based on the amount of output

Nevada Power's operating right-of-use assets are recorded in other assets and the operating lease liabilities are recorded in current and long-term other liabilities accordingly. The right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for finance leases as of December 31, 2018 have been reclassified from property, plant and equipment, net and current portion of long-term and long-term debt, respectively, to conform to the current period presentation. The following table summarizes Nevada Power's leases recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet (in millions):
As ofAs of
March 31,June 30,
20192019
Right-of-use assets:  
Operating leases$15
$14
Finance leases449
449
Total right-of-use assets$464
$463
  
Lease liabilities:  
Operating leases$18
$18
Finance leases462
462
Total lease liabilities$480
$480



The following table summarizes Nevada Power's lease costs (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodThree-Month Period Six-Month Period
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
20192019 2019
    
Variable$108
$112
 $220
Operating1

 1
Finance:    
Amortization3
3
 6
Interest10
10
 20
Total lease costs$122
$125
 $247
    
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years):    
Operating leases8.1
  7.7
Finance leases31.3
  30.8
    
Weighted-average discount rate:    
Operating leases4.5%  4.4%
Finance leases8.7%  8.6%

The following table summarizes Nevada Power's supplemental cash flow information relating to leases (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodSix-Month Period
Ended March 31,Ended June 30,
20192019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:  
Operating cash flows from operating leases$(1)$(1)
Operating cash flows from finance leases(11)(20)
Financing cash flows from finance leases(3)(7)
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities:  
Finance leases$1
$4

Nevada Power has the following remaining lease commitments as of (in millions):
March 31, 2019 
December 31, 2018(1)
June 30, 2019 
December 31, 2018(1)
Operating Finance Total Operating Capital TotalOperating Finance Total Operating Capital Total
2019$2
 $46
 $48
 $3
 $59
 $62
$1
 $34
 $35
 $3
 $59
 $62
20203
 58
 61
 3
 59
 62
3
 59
 62
 3
 59
 62
20213
 62
 65
 3
 61
 64
3
 63
 66
 3
 61
 64
20222
 60
 62
 3
 60
 63
2
 61
 63
 3
 60
 63
20232
 50
 52
 2
 50
 52
2
 50
 52
 2
 50
 52
Thereafter10
 711
 721
 10
 709
 719
10
 712
 722
 10
 709
 719
Total undiscounted lease payments22
 987
 1,009
 $24
 $998
 $1,022
21
 979
 1,000
 $24
 $998
 $1,022
Less - amounts representing interest(4) (525) (529)      (3) (517) (520)      
Lease liabilities$18
 $462
 $480
      $18
 $462
 $480
      

(1)     Amounts included for comparability and accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 840, "Leases".



(5)Regulatory Matters

Deferred Energy

Nevada statutes permit regulated utilities to adopt deferred energy accounting procedures. The intent of these procedures is to ease the effect on customers of fluctuations in the cost of purchased natural gas, fuel and electricity and are subject to annual prudency review by the PUCN. Under deferred energy accounting, to the extent actual fuel and purchased power costs exceed fuel and purchased power costs recoverable through current rates that excess is not recorded as a current expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations but rather is deferred and recorded as a regulatory asset on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Conversely, a regulatory liability is recorded to the extent fuel and purchased power costs recoverable through current rates exceed actual fuel and purchased power costs. These excess amounts are reflected in quarterly adjustments to rates and recorded as cost of fuel and energy in future time periods.

2017 Tax Reform

In February 2018, Nevada Power made a filing with the PUCN proposing a tax rate reduction rider for the lower annual income tax expense anticipated to result from 2017 Tax Reform for 2018 and beyond. In March 2018, the PUCN issued an order approving the rate reduction proposed by Nevada Power. The new rates were effective April 1, 2018. The order extended the procedural schedule to allow parties additional discovery relevant to 2017 Tax Reform and a hearing was held in July 2018. In September 2018, the PUCN issued an order directing Nevada Power to record the amortization of any excess protected accumulated deferred income tax arising from the 2017 Tax Reform as a regulatory liability effective January 1, 2018. Subsequently, Nevada Power filed a petition for reconsideration relating to the amortization of protected excess accumulated deferred income tax balances resulting from the 2017 Tax Reform. In November 2018, the PUCN issued an order granting reconsideration and reaffirming the September 2018 order. In December 2018, Nevada Power filed a petition for judicial review. In January 2019, intervening parties filed statements of intent to participate in the petition for judicial review.

Chapter 704B Applications

Chapter 704B of the Nevada Revised Statutes allows retail electric customers with an average annual load of one megawatt ("MW") or more to file with the PUCN an application to purchase energy from alternative providers of a new electric resource and become distribution only service customers. On a case-by-case basis, the PUCN will assess the application and may deny or grant the application subject to conditions, including paying an impact fee, paying on-going charges and receiving approval for specific alternative energy providers and terms. The impact fee and on-going charges are assessed to alleviate the burden on other Nevada customers for the applicant's share of previously committed investments and long-term renewable contracts and are set at a level designed such that the remaining customers are not subjected to increased costs. In June 2019, the Nevada Legislature passed Senate Bill 547 ("SB 547") which modifies the 704B process. The modifications outlined in SB 547, among others, require a utility to establish limits in their integrated resource plan on the amount of load that can take service under Chapter 704B, customers taking service under Chapter 704B continue to pay for public program costs and requires the alternative energy providers to be licensed by the PUCN. In addition, SB 547 requires customers to file a 704B application with the PUCN in January allowing for alignment with the capacity amount established in the integrated resource plan.

In June 2018, Station Casinos LLC ("Station"), a customer of Nevada Power, filed an application with the PUCN to purchase energy from an alternative provider and become a distribution only service customer of Nevada Power. In October 2018, the PUCN approved an order allowing Station to purchase energy from another energy supplier subject to conditions, including paying an impact fee of $15 million. In November 2018, Station filed a petition for reconsideration with the PUCN to allow Station to pay its share of the Renewable Base Tariff Energy Rate in a single lump sum, receive a credit for a portion of impact fees previously paid by past 704B applicants and receive a credit for a portion of incremental transmission revenue associated with expected sales to others. In December 2018, the PUCN issued an order granting reconsideration and reaffirming the October 2018 order. In February 2019, the PUCN issued an order allowing Station to alter their expected transition date from December 1, 2018 to October 1, 2019. In June 2019, Station withdrew their application.

In November 2018, Boyd Gaming Corporation ("Boyd"), a customer of Nevada Power, filed an application with the PUCN to purchase energy from an alternative provider and become a distribution only service customer of Nevada Power. In June 2019, the PUCN approved an order allowing Boyd to purchase energy from another energy supplier subject to conditions, including paying an impact fee of $11 million.



(6)
Recent Financing Transactions

Long-Term Debt

In January 2019, Nevada Power issued $500 million of its 3.70% General and Refunding Mortgage Notes, Series CC, due May 2029. Nevada Power used the net proceeds to repay all of Nevada Power's $500 million 7.125% General and Refunding Mortgage Notes, Series V, maturing in March 2019.


Credit Facilities

In May 2019, Nevada Power extended, with lender consent, the expiration date for its $400 million secured credit facility to June 2022 by exercising the remaining one-year extension option.

(7)
Income Taxes

A reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax rate to the effective income tax rate applicable to income before income tax expense is as follows:
 Three-Month Period Six-Month Periods
 Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
        
Federal statutory income tax rate21% 21 % 21% 21 %
Nondeductible expenses
 2



2
Effects of ratemaking
 (1) 
 (1)
Other
 1
 
 1
Effective income tax rate21%
23 %
21%
23 %

(8)    Employee Benefit Plans

Nevada Power is a participant in benefit plans sponsored by NV Energy. The NV Energy Retirement Plan includes a qualified pension plan ("Qualified Pension Plan") and a supplemental executive retirement plan and a restoration plan (collectively, "Non‑Qualified Pension Plans") that provide pension benefits for eligible employees. The NV Energy Comprehensive Welfare Benefit and Cafeteria Plan provides certain postretirement health care and life insurance benefits for eligible retirees ("Other Postretirement Plans") on behalf of Nevada Power. Amounts attributable to Nevada Power were allocated from NV Energy based upon the current, or in the case of retirees, previous, employment location. Offsetting regulatory assets and liabilities have been recorded related to the amounts not yet recognized as a component of net periodic benefit costs that will be included in regulated rates. Net periodic benefit costs not included in regulated rates are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net.

Amounts payable to NV Energy are included on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and consist of the following (in millions):
As ofAs of
March 31, December 31,June 30, December 31,
2019 20182019 2018
Qualified Pension Plan -   
Qualified Pension Plan:   
Other long-term liabilities$26
 $26
$26
 $26
      
Non-Qualified Pension Plans:      
Other current liabilities1
 1
1
 1
Other long-term liabilities9
 9
9
 9
      
Other Postretirement Plans -   
Other Postretirement Plans:   
Other long-term liabilities1
 1
1
 1



(8)(9)Fair Value Measurements

The carrying value of Nevada Power's cash, certain cash equivalents, receivables, payables, accrued liabilities and short-term borrowings approximates fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. Nevada Power has various financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets using inputs from the three levels of the fair value hierarchy. A financial asset or liability classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels are as follows:

Level 1 Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that Nevada Power has the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2 Inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means (market corroborated inputs).
Level 3 Unobservable inputs reflect Nevada Power's judgments about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability since limited market data exists. Nevada Power develops these inputs based on the best information available, including its own data.



The following table presents Nevada Power's assets and liabilities recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in millions):
Input Levels for Fair Value Measurements  Input Levels for Fair Value Measurements  
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 TotalLevel 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
As of March 31, 2019       
As of June 30, 2019       
Assets:              
Commodity derivatives$
 $
 $4
 $4
Money market mutual funds(1)
43
 
 
 43
$71
 $
 $
 $71
Investment funds2
 
 
 2
2
 
 
 2
$45
 $
 $4
 $49
$73
 $
 $
 $73
              
Liabilities - commodity derivatives$
 $
 $(9) $(9)$
 $
 $(11) $(11)
              
As of December 31, 2018              
Assets:              
Commodity derivatives$
 $
 $7
 $7
$
 $
 $7
 $7
Money market mutual funds(1)
104
 
 
 104
104
 
 
 104
Investment funds1
 
 
 1
1
 
 
 1
$105
 $
 $7
 $112
$105
 $
 $7
 $112
              
Liabilities - commodity derivatives$
 $
 $(4) $(4)$
 $
 $(4) $(4)

(1)Amounts are included in cash and cash equivalents on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fair value of these money market mutual funds approximates cost.



Derivative contracts are recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as either assets or liabilities and are stated at estimated fair value unless they are designated as normal purchases or normal sales and qualify for the exception afforded by GAAP. When available, the fair value of derivative contracts is estimated using unadjusted quoted prices for identical contracts in the market in which Nevada Power transacts. When quoted prices for identical contracts are not available, Nevada Power uses forward price curves. Forward price curves represent Nevada Power's estimates of the prices at which a buyer or seller could contract today for delivery or settlement at future dates. Nevada Power bases its forward price curves upon internally developed models, with internal and external fundamental data inputs. Market price quotations for certain electricity and natural gas trading hubs are not as readily obtainable due to markets that are not active. Given that limited market data exists for these contracts, Nevada Power uses forward price curves derived from internal models based on perceived pricing relationships to major trading hubs that are based on unobservable inputs. The model incorporates a mid-market pricing convention (the mid‑point price between bid and ask prices) as a practical expedient for valuing its assets and liabilities measured and reported at fair value. The determination of the fair value for derivative contracts not only includes counterparty risk, but also the impact of Nevada Power's nonperformance risk on its liabilities, which as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, had an immaterial impact to the fair value of its derivative contracts. As such, Nevada Power considers its derivative contracts to be valued using Level 3 inputs.

Nevada Power's investments in money market mutual funds and equity securities are stated at fair value. When available, a readily observable quoted market price or net asset value of an identical security in an active market is used to record the fair value.



The following table reconciles the beginning and ending balances of Nevada Power's commodity derivative assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant Level 3 inputs (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
          
Beginning balance$3
 $(3)$(5) $(8) $3
 $(3)
Changes in fair value recognized in regulatory assets(9) (5)(8) (3) (17) (8)
Settlements1
 
2
 2
 3
 2
Ending balance$(5) $(8)$(11) $(9) $(11) $(9)

Nevada Power's long-term debt is carried at cost on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fair value of Nevada Power's long‑term debt is a Level 2 fair value measurement and has been estimated based upon quoted market prices, where available, or at the present value of future cash flows discounted at rates consistent with comparable maturities with similar credit risks. The carrying value of Nevada Power's variable-rate long-term debt approximates fair value because of the frequent repricing of these instruments at market rates. The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of Nevada Power's long‑term debt (in millions):
 As of March 31, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
 Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
 Value Value Value Value
        
Long-term debt$2,348
 $2,722
 $2,353
 $2,651
 As of June 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
 Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
 Value Value Value Value
        
Long-term debt$2,350
 $2,787
 $2,353
 $2,651

(9)(10)Commitments and Contingencies

Environmental Laws and Regulations

Nevada Power is subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations regarding climate change, renewable portfolio standards, air and water quality, emissions performance standards, coal combustion byproduct disposal, hazardous and solid waste disposal, protected species and other environmental matters that have the potential to impact Nevada Power's current and future operations. Nevada Power believes it is in material compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.



Legal Matters

Nevada Power is party to a variety of legal actions arising out of the normal course of business. Plaintiffs occasionally seek punitive or exemplary damages. Nevada Power does not believe that such normal and routine litigation will have a material impact on its consolidated financial results. Nevada Power is also involved in other kinds of legal actions, some of which assert or may assert claims or seek to impose fines, penalties and other costs in substantial amounts.



(10)(11)
Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The following table summarizes Nevada Power's revenue from contracts with customers ("Customer Revenue") by customer class (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
Customer Revenue:  
    
  
Retail:  
    
  
Residential$200
 $193
$266
 $312
 $466
 $505
Commercial90
 95
114
 110
 204
 205
Industrial70
 79
112
 108
 182
 187
Other5
 6
6
 5
 11
 11
Total fully bundled365
 373
498
 535
 863
 908
Distribution only service7
 7
8
 8
 15
 15
Total retail372
 380
506
 543
 878
 923
Wholesale, transmission and other17
 10
14
 13
 31
 23
Total Customer Revenue389
 390
520
 556
 909
 946
Other revenue6
 5
7
 6
 13
 11
Total revenue$395
 $395
$527
 $562
 $922
 $957




Item 2.    Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 

General

Nevada Power's revenues and operating income are subject to fluctuations during the year due to impacts that seasonal weather, rate changes, and customer usage patterns have on demand for electric energy and resources. Nevada Power is a summer peaking utility experiencing its highest retail energy sales in response to the demand for air conditioning. The variations in energy usage due to varying weather, customer growth and other energy usage patterns, including energy efficiency and conservation measures, necessitates a continual balancing of loads and resources and purchases and sales of energy under short- and long-term energy supply contracts. As a result, the prudent management and optimization of available resources has a direct effect on the operating and financial performance of Nevada Power. Additionally, the timely recovery of purchased power, fuel costs and other costs and the ability to earn a fair return on investments through rates are essential to the operating and financial performance of Nevada Power.

The following is management's discussion and analysis of certain significant factors that have affected the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of Nevada Power during the periods included herein. Explanations include management's best estimate of the impact of weather, customer growth and other factors. This discussion should be read in conjunction with Nevada Power's historical unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. Nevada Power's actual results in the future could differ significantly from the historical results.



Results of Operations for the Second Quarter and First QuarterSix Months of 2019 and 2018

Overview

Net income for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 was $6$69 million, an increase of $6$5 million, or 8%, compared to 2018 primarily due to $8$29 million of lower operations and maintenance expense, mainly due to lower political activity expenses, and $4 million of lower interest expense on long-term debt, $8expense. The increase is partially offset by $22 million of lower utility margin, mainly due to lower customer volumes from the unfavorable impacts of weather.

Net income for the first six months of 2019 was $75 million, an increase of $11 million, or 17%, compared to 2018 primarily due to $44 million of lower operations and maintenance expense, mainly due to lower political activity expenses and lower settlement costs associated with a personal injury claim in 2018, and $2 million of higher other income, net primarily due to higherlower interest income,on long-term debt. The increase is partially offset by $4 million of higher earnings sharing accrual and $3$25 million of lower utility margin.margin, mainly due to lower customer volumes from the unfavorable impacts of weather and lower average retail rates related to the tax rate reduction rider effective April 2018.

Non-GAAP Financial Measure
Management utilizes various key financial measures that are prepared in accordance with GAAP, as well as non-GAAP financial measures such as, utility margin, to help evaluate results of operations. Utility margin is calculated as electric operating revenue less cost of fuel and energy, which are captions presented on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Nevada Power's cost of fuel and energy are directly recovered from its customers through regulatory recovery mechanisms and as a result, changes in Nevada Power's expenses result in comparable changes to revenue. As such, management believes utility margin more appropriately and concisely explains profitability rather than a discussion of revenue and cost of sales separately. Management believes the presentation of utility margin provides meaningful and valuable insight into the information management considers important to running the business and a measure of comparability to others in the industry.
Utility margin is not a measure calculated in accordance with GAAP and should be viewed as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, operating income which is the most directly comparable financial measure prepared in accordance with GAAP. The following table provides a reconciliation of utility margin to operating income (in millions):
 First Quarter Second Quarter First Six Months
 2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
Utility margin:                     
Operating revenue $395
 $395
 $
 % $527
 $562
 $(35)(6)% $922
 $957
 $(35)(4)%
Cost of fuel and energy 173
 170
 3
2
 226
 239
 (13)(5) 399
 409
 (10)(2)
Utility margin 222
 225
 (3)(1) 301
 323
 (22)(7) 523
 548
 (25)(5)
Operations and maintenance 76
 91
 (15)(16) 78
 107
 (29)(27) 154
 198
 (44)(22)
Depreciation and amortization 89
 84
 5
6
 89
 84
 5
6
 178
 168
 10
6
Property and other taxes 12
 10
 2
20
 11
 10
 1
10
 23
 20
 3
15
Operating income $45
 $40
 $5
13
 $123
 $122
 $1
1
 $168
 $162
 $6
4



A comparison of Nevada Power's key operating results is as follows:
 First Quarter Second Quarter First Six Months
 2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
Utility margin (in millions):                     
Operating revenue $395
 $395
 $
 % $527
 $562
 $(35)(6)% $922
 $957
 $(35)(4)%
Cost of fuel and energy 173
 170
 3
2
 226
 239
 (13)(5) 399
 409
 (10)(2)
Utility margin $222
 $225
 $(3)(1) $301
 $323
 $(22)(7) $523
 $548
 $(25)(5)
                     
GWhs sold:                     
Residential 1,608
 1,482
 126
9 % 2,176
 2,604
 (428)(16)% 3,784
 4,086
 (302)(7)%
Commercial 992
 990
 2

 1,137
 1,201
 (64)(5) 2,129
 2,191
 (62)(3)
Industrial 1,160
 1,234
 (74)(6) 1,380
 1,416
 (36)(3) 2,540
 2,650
 (110)(4)
Other 47
 50
 (3)(6) 47
 46
 1
2
 94
 96
 (2)(2)
Total fully bundled(1)
 3,807
 3,756
 51
1
 4,740
 5,267
 (527)(10) 8,547
 9,023
 (476)(5)
Distribution only service 528
 492
 36
7
 692
 671
 21
3
 1,220
 1,163
 57
5
Total retail 4,335
 4,248
 87
2
 5,432
 5,938
 (506)(9) 9,767
 10,186
 (419)(4)
Wholesale 144
 44
 100
*
 120
 84
 36
43
 264
 128
 136
106
Total GWhs sold 4,479
 4,292
 187
4
 5,552
 6,022
 (470)(8) 10,031
 10,314
 (283)(3)
                     
Average number of retail customers (in thousands):                     
Residential 834
 813
 21
3 % 839
 824
 15
2 % 837
 821
 16
2 %
Commercial 109
 106
 3
3
 109
 108
 1
1
 109
 107
 2
2
Industrial 2
 2
 

 2
 2
 

 2
 2
 

Total 945
 921
 24
3
 950
 934
 16
2
 948
 930
 18
2
                     
Average per MWh:                     
Revenue - fully bundled(1)
 $95.87
 $99.29
 $(3.42)(3)% $105.05
 $101.41
 $3.64
4 % $100.96
 $100.53
 $0.43
 %
Wholesale $42.27
 $56.29
 $(14.02)(25)% $27.27
 $17.75
 $9.52
54 % $35.45

$31.00

$4.45
14 %
Total cost of energy(2)(3)
 $43.32
 $44.60
 $(1.28)(3)% $44.92
 $41.75
 $3.17
8 % $44.21
 $42.89
 $1.32
3 %
                     
Heating degree days 1,083
 816
 267
33 % 25
 23
 2
9 % 1,108
 839
 269
32 %
Cooling degree days 12
 19
 (7)(37)% 1,107
 1,473
 (366)(25)% 1,119
 1,492
 (373)(25)%
                     
Sources of energy (GWhs)(3)(4):
                     
Natural gas 2,169
 2,401
 (232)(10)% 3,085
 3,612
 (527)(15)% 5,254
 6,013
 (759)(13)%
Coal 342
 249
 93
37
 249
 239
 10
4
 591
 488
 103
21
Renewables 12
 15
 (3)(20) 18
 21
 (3)(14) 30
 36
 (6)(17)
Total energy generated 2,523
 2,665
 (142)(5) 3,352
 3,872
 (520)(13) 5,875
 6,537
 (662)(10)
Energy purchased 1,475
 1,146
 329
29
 1,696
 1,849
 (153)(8) 3,171
 2,995
 176
6
Total 3,998
 3,811
 187
5
 5,048
 5,721
 (673)(12) 9,046
 9,532
 (486)(5)
*    Not meaningful
(1)Fully bundled includes sales to customers for combined energy, transmission and distribution services.
(2)The average total cost of energy per MWh includes the cost of fuel, purchased power and deferrals and does not include other costs.
(3)The average total cost of energy per MWh and sources of energy excludes 8137 and 7023 GWhs of coal and 497426 and 680363 GWhs of gas generated energy that is purchased at cost by related parties for the three-month periods ended March 31,second quarter of 2019 and 2018, respectively. The average total cost of energy per MWh and sources of energy excludes 118 and 93 GWhs of coal and 923 and 1,043 GWhs of gas generated energy that is purchased at cost by related parties for the first six months of 2019 and 2018, respectively.
(4)GWh amounts are net of energy used by the related generating facilities.



Utility margin decreased $3$22 million, or 1%7%, for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to $24 million of lower customer volumes primarily from the unfavorable impacts of weather, partially offset by $1 million of residential customer growth.

Operations and maintenance decreased $29 million, or 27%, for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to the impacts of adopting ASC 842, "Leases" ("ASC 842") and lower political activity expenses.

Depreciation and amortization increased $5 million, or 6%, for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to the impacts of adopting ASC 842.

Other income (expense) is favorable $4 million, or 10%, for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower interest expense on long-term debt and higher dividend and interest income, partially offset by the impacts of adopting ASC 842.

Utility margin decreased $25 million, or 5%, for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to:
$18 million in lower customer volumes primarily from the unfavorable impacts of weather,
$11 million in lower retail rates due to the tax rate reduction rider effective April 2018, and
$3 million due to lower retail rates as a result of the 2017 regulatory rate review with rates effective February 2018.
The decrease in utility margin was offset by:
$6 million in higher residential volumes primarily from the impacts of weather,
$3 million from higher transmission revenue, and
$23 million due to residential and commercial customer growth.

Operations and maintenance decreased $15$44 million, or 16%22%, for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to the impacts of adopting ASC 842, "Leases"("ASC 842")lower political activity expenses and settlement costs associated with a personal injury claim in 2018, partially offset by a higher accrual for earnings sharing.2018.

Depreciation and amortization increased $5$10 million, or 6%, for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to the impacts of adopting ASC 842.

Property and other taxes increased $3 million, or 15%, for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 due to a decrease in available abatements.

Other income (expense) is favorable $3$7 million, or 8%9%, for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower interest expense on long-term debt, higher dividend and interest income and higher other income due to a licensing agreement with a third party, partially offset by the impacts of adopting ASC 842.

Income tax expense increased $2 million, or 11%, for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 due to higher income before income tax expense.2018. The effective tax rate was 21% for the first quarter ofin 2019 and 0% for the first quarter of 2018.23% in 2018 and decreased due to lower nondeductible expenses.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of March 31,June 30, 2019, Nevada Power's total net liquidity was as follows (in millions):

Cash and cash equivalents $51
 $81
Credit facility 400
 400
Total net liquidity $451
 $481
Credit facility:    
Maturity date 2021
 2022



Operating Activities

Net cash flows from operating activities for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $135$265 million and $110$250 million, respectively. Increases wereThe change was due to increased collections of customer advances, primarily relating to temporary deposits for solar power purchase agreements under construction, lower payments for operating costs, increased collections of customer advancesmainly due to lower political activity expenses, lower payments for income taxes, lower interest payments for long-term debt and proceeds from a licensing agreement with a third party, partially offset by an increase in fuel costs.costs and lower collections from customers due to the unfavorable impact of weather.

Investing Activities

Net cash flows from investing activities for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $(111)$(189) million and $(64)$(134) million, respectively. The change was primarily due to increased capital expenditures.

Financing Activities

Net cash flows from financing activities for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $(83)$(107) million and $(5)$241 million, respectively. The change was due to lower proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, higher repayments of long-term debt and dividends paid to NV Energy, Inc. of $75$95 million partially offset by greater proceeds from issuance of long-term debt.


in 2019.

Long-Term Debt

In January 2019, Nevada Power issued $500 million of its 3.70% General and Refunding Mortgage Notes, Series CC, due May 2029. Nevada Power used the net proceeds to repay all of Nevada Power's $500 million 7.125% General and Refunding Mortgage Notes, Series V, maturing in March 2018.

Debt Authorizations

Nevada Power currently has financing authority from the PUCN consisting of the ability to: (1) issue new long-term debt securities of up to $1.3 billion; (2) refinance up to $156 million of long-term debt securities; and (3) maintain a revolving credit facility of up to $1.3 billion.

Future Uses of Cash

Nevada Power has available a variety of sources of liquidity and capital resources, both internal and external, including net cash flows from operating activities, public and private debt offerings, the use of its secured revolving credit facility, capital contributions and other sources. These sources are expected to provide funds required for current operations, capital expenditures, debt retirements and other capital requirements. The availability and terms under which Nevada Power has access to external financing depends on a variety of factors, including regulatory approvals, Nevada Power's credit ratings, investors' judgment of risk and conditions in the overall capital markets, including the condition of the utility industry.

Capital Expenditures

Capital expenditure needs are reviewed regularly by management and may change significantly as a result of these reviews, which may consider, among other factors, changes in environmental and other rules and regulations; impacts to customers' rates; outcomes of regulatory proceedings; changes in income tax laws; general business conditions; load projections; system reliability standards; the cost and efficiency of construction labor, equipment and materials; commodity prices; and the cost and availability of capital. Prudently incurred expenditures for compliance-related items such as pollution control technologies, replacement generation and associated operating costs are generally incorporated into Nevada Power's regulated retail rates. Expenditures for certain assets may ultimately include acquisition of existing assets.



Historical and forecast capital expenditures, each of which exclude amounts for non-cash equity AFUDC and other non-cash items are as follows (in millions):
Three-Month Periods AnnualSix-Month Periods Annual
Ended March 31, ForecastEnded June 30, Forecast
2018 2019 20192018 2019 2019
          
Distribution27
 43
 197
55
 96
 201
Transmission system investment2
 4
 40
5
 10
 29
Other35
 66
 225
75
 85
 203
Total$64
 $113
 $462
$135
 $191
 $433

Nevada Power's forecast capital expenditures include investments related to operating projects that consist of routine expenditures for transmission, distribution, generation and other infrastructure needed to serve existing and expected demand.

Integrated Resource Planning

In June 2019, the Nevada Utilities filed an amendment to their 2018 Joint Integrated Resource Plan requesting approval of three power purchase agreements for 1,190 MW of solar photovoltaic generating resources with an additional 590 MW of co-located battery storage.

Contractual Obligations

As of March 31,June 30, 2019, there have been no material changes outside the normal course of business in contractual obligations from the information provided in Item 7 of Nevada Power's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Regulatory Matters

Nevada Power is subject to comprehensive regulation. Refer to "Regulatory Matters" in Berkshire Hathaway Energy's Part I, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q for discussion regarding Nevada Power's current regulatory matters.



Environmental Laws and Regulations

Nevada Power is subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations regarding climate change, RPS, air and water quality, emissions performance standards, coal combustion byproduct disposal, hazardous and solid waste disposal, protected species and other environmental matters that have the potential to impact Nevada Power's current and future operations. In addition to imposing continuing compliance obligations and capital expenditure requirements, these laws and regulations provide regulators with the authority to levy substantial penalties for noncompliance including fines, injunctive relief and other sanctions. These laws and regulations are administered by the EPA and various state and local agencies. All such laws and regulations are subject to a range of interpretation, which may ultimately be resolved by the courts. Environmental laws and regulations continue to evolve, and Nevada Power is unable to predict the impact of the changing laws and regulations on its operations and consolidated financial results. Nevada Power believes it is in material compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.

Refer to "Environmental Laws and Regulations" in Berkshire Hathaway Energy's Part I, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q for additional information regarding environmental laws and regulations.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Certain accounting measurements require management to make estimates and judgments concerning transactions that will be settled several years in the future. Amounts recognized on the Consolidated Financial Statements based on such estimates involve numerous assumptions subject to varying and potentially significant degrees of judgment and uncertainty and will likely change in the future as additional information becomes available. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, the accounting for the effects of certain types of regulation, derivatives, impairment of long-lived assets, income taxes and revenue recognition - unbilled revenue. For additional discussion of Nevada Power's critical accounting estimates, see Item 7 of Nevada Power's Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2018. There have been no significant changes in Nevada Power's assumptions regarding critical accounting estimates since December 31, 2018.


Sierra Pacific Power Company
Financial Section



PART I
Item 1.Financial Statements


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM


To the Board of Directors and Shareholder of
Sierra Pacific Power Company

Results of Review of Interim Financial Information

We have reviewed the accompanying balance sheet of Sierra Pacific Power Company ("Sierra Pacific") as of March 31,June 30, 2019, the related statements of operations and changes in shareholder's equity for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, and of cash flows for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "interim financial information"). Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying interim financial information for it to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the balance sheet of Sierra Pacific as of December 31, 2018, and the related statements of operations, changes in shareholder's equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated February 22, 2019, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying balance sheet as of December 31, 2018, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the balance sheet from which it has been derived.

Basis for Review Results

This interim financial information is the responsibility of Sierra Pacific's management. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to Sierra Pacific in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our reviews in accordance with standards of the PCAOB. A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.


/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP


Las Vegas, Nevada
May 3,August 2, 2019



SIERRA PACIFIC POWER COMPANY
BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions, except share data)

As ofAs of
March 31, December 31,June 30, December 31,
2019 20182019 2018
ASSETS
Current assets:      
Cash and cash equivalents$62
 $71
$28
 $71
Trade receivables, net95
 100
90
 100
Inventories53
 52
60
 52
Regulatory assets31
 7
21
 7
Other current assets33
 33
26
 33
Total current assets274
 263
225
 263
      
Property, plant and equipment, net2,965
 2,947
2,992
 2,947
Regulatory assets312
 314
309
 314
Other assets66
 45
68
 45
      
Total assets$3,617
 $3,569
$3,594
 $3,569
      
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDER'S EQUITY
Current liabilities:      
Accounts payable$110
 $116
$86
 $116
Accrued interest11
 13
14
 13
Accrued property, income and other taxes17
 14
21
 14
Regulatory liabilities23
 18
27
 18
Customer deposits21
 18
21
 18
Other current liabilities23
 18
29
 18
Total current liabilities205
 197
198
 197
      
Long-term debt1,120
 1,120
1,135
 1,120
Regulatory liabilities491
 491
485
 491
Deferred income taxes338
 331
341
 331
Other long-term liabilities177
 166
181
 166
Total liabilities2,331
 2,305
2,340
 2,305
      
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
 

 
      
Shareholder's equity:      
Common stock - $3.75 stated value, 20,000,000 shares authorized and 1,000 issued and outstanding
 

 
Additional paid-in capital1,111
 1,111
1,111
 1,111
Retained earnings175
 153
143
 153
Total shareholder's equity1,286
 1,264
1,254
 1,264
      
Total liabilities and shareholder's equity$3,617
 $3,569
$3,594
 $3,569
      
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.



SIERRA PACIFIC POWER COMPANY
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
Operating revenue:          
Regulated electric$182
 $181
$172
 $169
 $354
 $350
Regulated natural gas37
 41
22
 19
 59
 60
Total operating revenue219
 222
194
 188
 413
 410
          
Operating expenses:          
Cost of fuel and energy82
 77
79
 78
 161
 155
Cost of natural gas purchased for resale19
 23
10
 8
 29
 31
Operations and maintenance44
 39
40
 48
 84
 87
Depreciation and amortization31
 30
32
 29
 63
 59
Property and other taxes6
 6
6
 6
 12
 12
Total operating expenses182
 175
167
 169
 349
 344
          
Operating income37
 47
27
 19
 64
 66
          
Other income (expense):          
Interest expense(12) (10)(12) (11) (24) (21)
Allowance for borrowed funds1
 1
 1
 1
Allowance for equity funds1
 1
1
 1
 2
 2
Other, net2
 2
1
 3
 3
 5
Total other income (expense)(9) (7)(9) (6) (18) (13)
          
Income before income tax expense28
 40
18
 13
 46
 53
Income tax expense6
 6
4
 6
 10
 12
Net income$22
 $34
$14
 $7
 $36
 $41
          
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.



SIERRA PACIFIC POWER COMPANY
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDER'S EQUITY (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions, except shares)

         Accumulated           Accumulated  
     Additional   Other Total     Additional   Other Total
 Common Stock Paid-in Retained Comprehensive Shareholder's Common Stock Paid-in Retained Comprehensive Shareholder's
 Shares Amount Capital Earnings Loss, Net Equity Shares Amount Capital Earnings Loss, Net Equity
                        
Balance, March 31, 2018 1,000
 $
 $1,111
 $96
 $(1) $1,206
Net income 
 
 
 7
 
 7
Other equity transactions 
 
 
 (1) 
 (1)
Balance, June 30, 2018 1,000
 $
 $1,111
 $102
 $(1) $1,212
            
Balance, December 31, 2017 1,000
 $
 $1,111
 $62
 $(1) $1,172
 1,000
 $
 $1,111
 $62
 $(1) $1,172
Net income 
 
 
 34
 
 34
 
 
 
 41
 
 41
Balance, March 31, 2018 1,000
 $
 $1,111
 $96
 $(1) $1,206
Other equity transactions 
 
 
 (1) 
 (1)
Balance, June 30, 2018 1,000
 $
 $1,111
 $102
 $(1) $1,212
            
Balance, March 31, 2019 1,000
 $
 $1,111
 $175
 $
 $1,286
Net income 
 
 
 14
 
 14
Dividends declared 
 
 
 (46) 
 (46)
Balance, June 30, 2019 1,000
 $
 $1,111
 $143
 $
 $1,254
                        
Balance, December 31, 2018 1,000
 $
 $1,111
 $153
 $
 $1,264
 1,000
 $
 $1,111
 $153
 $
 $1,264
Net income 
 
 
 22
 
 22
 
 
 
 36
 
 36
Balance, March 31, 2019 1,000
 $
 $1,111
 $175
 $
 $1,286
Dividends declared 
 
 
 (46) 
 (46)
Balance, June 30, 2019 1,000
 $
 $1,111
 $143
 $
 $1,254
                        
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.



SIERRA PACIFIC POWER COMPANY
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)

Three-Month PeriodsSix-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income$22
 $34
$36
 $41
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization31
 30
63
 59
Allowance for equity funds(1) (1)(1) (2)
Changes in regulatory assets and liabilities11
 12
20
 19
Deferred income taxes and amortization of investment tax credits5
 6
2
 2
Deferred energy(22) 13
(13) 26
Amortization of deferred energy(5) (4)(6) (5)
Other, net(1) 
(1) 
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities:      
Trade receivables and other assets7
 3
12
 21
Inventories(8) 
Accrued property, income and other taxes(2) (2)7
 11
Accounts payable and other liabilities(1) (16)(23) (10)
Net cash flows from operating activities44
 75
88
 162
      
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Capital expenditures(52) (45)(99) (94)
Net cash flows from investing activities(52) (45)(99) (94)
      
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Proceeds from long-term debt125
 
Repayments of long-term debt(109) 
Dividends paid(46) 
Other, net(2) (1)
Net cash flows from financing activities
 
(32) (1)
      
Net change in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents(8) 30
(43) 67
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period76
 8
76
 8
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period$68
 $38
$33
 $75
      
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.



SIERRA PACIFIC POWER COMPANY
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

(1)
General

Sierra Pacific Power Company ("Sierra Pacific"), is a wholly owned subsidiary of NV Energy, Inc. ("NV Energy"), a holding company that also owns Nevada Power Company ("Nevada Power") and certain other subsidiaries. Sierra Pacific is a United States regulated electric utility company serving retail customers, including residential, commercial and industrial customers and regulated retail natural gas customers primarily in northern Nevada. NV Energy is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company ("BHE"). BHE is a holding company based in Des Moines, Iowa that owns subsidiaries principally engaged in energy businesses. BHE is a consolidated subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Inc. ("Berkshire Hathaway").

The unaudited Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and regulations for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP for annual financial statements. Management believes the unaudited Financial Statements contain all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for the fair presentation of the unaudited Financial Statements as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and for the three-monththree- and six-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018. The Statements of Comprehensive Income have been omitted as net income equals comprehensive income for the three-monththree- and six-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018. The results of operations for the three-month periodthree- and six-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

The preparation of the unaudited Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period. Actual results may differ from the estimates used in preparing the unaudited Financial Statements. Note 2 of Notes to Financial Statements included in Sierra Pacific's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 describes the most significant accounting policies used in the preparation of the unaudited Financial Statements. There have been no significant changes in Sierra Pacific's assumptions regarding significant accounting estimates and policies, except as disclosed in Note 4, during the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2019.

(2)
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents consist of funds invested in money market mutual funds, United States Treasury Bills and other investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased. Cash and cash equivalents exclude amounts where availability is restricted by legal requirements, loan agreements or other contractual provisions. Restricted cash and cash equivalents as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, consist of funds restricted by the Public Utilities Commission of Nevada ("PUCN") for a certain renewable energy contract. A reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, as presented in the Statements of Cash Flows is outlined below and disaggregated by the line items in which they appear on the Balance Sheets (in millions):
As ofAs of
March 31, December 31,June 30, December 31,
2019 20182019 2018
Cash and cash equivalents$62
 $71
$28
 $71
Restricted cash and cash equivalents included in other current assets6
 5
5
 5
Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents$68
 $76
$33
 $76



(3)
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net

Property, plant and equipment, net consists of the following (in millions):
 As of As of
Depreciable Life March 31, December 31,Depreciable Life June 30, December 31,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Utility plant:        
Electric generation25 - 60 years $1,132
 $1,132
25 - 60 years $1,134
 $1,132
Electric distribution20 - 100 years 1,588
 1,568
20 - 100 years 1,631
 1,568
Electric transmission50 - 100 years 818
 812
50 - 100 years 828
 812
Electric general and intangible plant5 - 70 years 174
 185
5 - 70 years 177
 185
Natural gas distribution35 - 70 years 405
 403
35 - 70 years 408
 403
Natural gas general and intangible plant5 - 70 years 14
 14
5 - 70 years 14
 14
Common general5 - 70 years 318
 321
5 - 70 years 318
 321
Utility plant 4,449
 4,435
 4,510
 4,435
Accumulated depreciation and amortization (1,585) (1,583) (1,604) (1,583)
Utility plant, net 2,864
 2,852
 2,906
 2,852
Other non-regulated, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization70 years 5
 5
70 years 5
 5
Plant, net 2,869
 2,857
 2,911
 2,857
Construction work-in-progress 96
 90
 81
 90
Property, plant and equipment, net $2,965
 $2,947
 $2,992
 $2,947

(4)
Leases

Adoption

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-02, which creates FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 842, "Leases" and supersedes Topic 840 "Leases." This guidance increases transparency and comparability among entities by recording lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. A lessee should recognize on the balance sheet a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. The recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee have not significantly changed from previous guidance. Following the issuance of ASU No. 2016-02, the FASB issued several ASUs that clarified the implementation guidance for ASU No. 2016-02 but did not change the core principle of the guidance. Sierra Pacific adopted this guidance for all applicable contracts in-effect as of January 1, 2019 under a modified retrospective method and the adoption did not have a cumulative-effect impact at the date of initial adoption.

Sierra Pacific has elected to utilize various practical expedients available to adopt ASU No. 2016-02, including (1) the package of three not requiring a reassessment of (i) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases; (ii) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases; and (iii) initial direct costs for any existing leases; (2) using hindsight in determining the lease term; and (3) not requiring a reassessment of whether existing or expired land easements that were not previously accounted for as leases under ASC Topic 840 are or contain a lease under ASC Topic 842.



Leases

Lessee

Sierra Pacific has non-cancelable operating leases primarily for transmission and delivery assets, generating facilities, vehicles and office equipment and finance leases consisting primarily of transmission assets, generating facilities and vehicles. These leases generally require Sierra Pacific to pay for insurance, taxes and maintenance applicable to the leased property. Given the capital intensive nature of the utility industry, it is common for a portion of lease costs to be capitalized when used during construction or maintenance of assets, in which the associated costs will be capitalized with the corresponding asset and depreciated over the remaining life of that asset. Certain leases contain renewal options for varying periods and escalation clauses for adjusting rent to reflect changes in price indices. Sierra Pacific does not include options in its lease calculations unless there is a triggering event indicating Sierra Pacific is reasonably certain to exercise the option. Sierra Pacific's accounting policy is to not recognize lease obligations and corresponding right-of-use assets for leases with contract terms of one year or less and not separate lease components from non-lease components and instead account for each separate lease component and the non-lease components associated with a lease as a single lease component. Leases will be evaluated for impairment in line with ASC Topic 360, "Property, Plant and Equipment" when a triggering event has occurred that might affect the value and use of the assets being leased.

Sierra Pacific's leases of generating facilities generally are for the long-term purchase of electric energy, also known as power purchase agreements ("PPA"). PPAs are generally signed before or during the early stages of project construction and can yield a lease that has not yet commenced. These agreements are primarily for renewable energy and the payments are considered variable lease payments as they are based on the amount of output.

Sierra Pacific's operating and finance right-of-use assets are recorded in other assets and the operating and finance lease liabilities are recorded in current and long-term other liabilities accordingly. The right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for finance leases as of December 31, 2018 have been reclassified from property, plant and equipment, net and current portion of long-term and long-term debt, respectively, to conform to the current period presentation. The following table summarizes Sierra Pacific's leases recorded on the Balance Sheet (in millions):
As ofAs of
March 31,June 30,
20192019
Right-of-use assets:  
Operating leases$19
$19
Finance leases38
39
Total right-of-use assets$57
$58
  
Lease liabilities:  
Operating leases$19
$19
Finance leases39
40
Total lease liabilities$58
$59



The following table summarizes Sierra Pacific's lease costs (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodThree-Month Period Six-Month Period
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
20192019 2019
    
Variable$15
$15
 $30
Operating
1
 1
Finance:    
Amortization1

 1
Interest1

 1
Total lease costs$17
$16
 $33
    
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years):    
Operating leases25.7
  26.0
Finance leases23.8
  23.0
    
Weighted-average discount rate:    
Operating leases4.9%  4.9%
Finance leases7.3%  7.0%

The following table summarizes Sierra Pacific's supplemental cash flow information relating to leases (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodSix-Month Period
Ended March 31,Ended June 30,
20192019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:  
Operating cash flows from operating leases$(1)
Operating cash flows from finance leases$(1)(1)
Financing cash flows from finance leases(1)
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities: 
Finance leases$2

Sierra Pacific has the following remaining lease commitments as of (in millions):
March 31, 2019 
December 31, 2018(1)
June 30, 2019 
December 31, 2018(1)
Operating Finance Total Operating Capital TotalOperating Finance Total Operating Capital Total
2019$2
 $4
 $6
 $2
 $6
 $8
$2
 $3
 $5
 $2
 $6
 $8
20202
 5
 7
 2
 4
 6
2
 5
 7
 2
 4
 6
20212
 5
 7
 2
 5
 7
2
 5
 7
 2
 5
 7
20221
 4
 5
 1
 4
 5
1
 5
 6
 1
 4
 5
20231
 4
 5
 1
 4
 5
1
 5
 6
 1
 4
 5
Thereafter27
 47
 74
 28
 47
 75
27
 48
 75
 28
 47
 75
Total undiscounted lease payments35
 69
 104
 $36
 $70
 $106
35
 71
 106
 $36
 $70
 $106
Less - amounts representing interest(16) (30) (46)      (16) (31) (47)      
Lease liabilities$19
 $39
 $58
      $19
 $40
 $59
      

(1)     Amounts included for comparability and accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 840, "Leases".



(5)
Regulatory Matters

Deferred Energy

Nevada statutes permit regulated utilities to adopt deferred energy accounting procedures. The intent of these procedures is to ease the effect on customers of fluctuations in the cost of purchased natural gas, fuel and electricity and are subject to annual prudency review by the PUCN. Under deferred energy accounting, to the extent actual fuel and purchased power costs exceed fuel and purchased power costs recoverable through current rates that excess is not recorded as a current expense on the Statements of Operations but rather is deferred and recorded as a regulatory asset on the Balance Sheets. Conversely, a regulatory liability is recorded to the extent fuel and purchased power costs recoverable through current rates exceed actual fuel and purchased power costs. These excess amounts are reflected in quarterly adjustments to rates and recorded as cost of fuel and energy in future time periods.

2017 Tax Reform

In February 2018, Sierra Pacific made a filing with the PUCN proposing a tax rate reduction rider for the lower annual income tax expense anticipated to result from 2017 Tax Reform for 2018 and beyond. In March 2018, the PUCN issued an order approving the rate reduction proposed by Sierra Pacific. The new rates were effective April 1, 2018. The order extended the procedural schedule to allow parties additional discovery relevant to 2017 Tax Reform and a hearing was held in July 2018. In September 2018, the PUCN issued an order directing Sierra Pacific to record the amortization of any excess protected accumulated deferred income tax arising from the 2017 Tax Reform as a regulatory liability effective January 1, 2018. Subsequently, Sierra Pacific filed a petition for reconsideration relating to the amortization of protected excess accumulated deferred income tax balances resulting from the 2017 Tax Reform. In November 2018, the PUCN issued an order granting reconsideration and reaffirming the September 2018 order. In December 2018, Sierra Pacific filed a petition for judicial review. In January 2019, intervening parties filed statements of intent to participate in the petition for judicial review.

Chapter 704B Applications

Chapter 704B of the Nevada Revised Statutes allows retail electric customers with an average annual load of one megawatt ("MW") or more to file with the PUCN an application to purchase energy from alternative providers of a new electric resource and become distribution only service customers. On a case-by-case basis, the PUCN will assess the application and may deny or grant the application subject to conditions, including paying an impact fee, paying on-going charges and receiving approval for specific alternative energy providers and terms. The impact fee and on-going charges are assessed to alleviate the burden on other Nevada customers for the applicant's share of previously committed investments and long-term renewable contracts and are set at a level designed such that the remaining customers are not subjected to increased costs. In June 2019, the Nevada Legislature passed Senate Bill 547 ("SB 547") which modifies the 704B process. The modifications outlined in SB 547, among others, require a utility to establish limits in their integrated resource plan on the amount of load that can take service under Chapter 704B, customers taking service under Chapter 704B continue to pay for public program costs and requires the alternative energy providers to be licensed by the PUCN. In addition, SB 547 requires customers to file a 704B application with the PUCN in January allowing for alignment with the capacity amount established in the integrated resource plan.

(6)    Recent Financing Transactions

Long-Term Debt

In April 2019, Sierra Pacific purchased the following series of bonds that were held by the public: $30 million of its variable-rate tax-exempt Water Facilities Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2016C, due 2036; $25 million of its variable-rate tax-exempt Water Facilities Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2016D, due 2036; and $25 million of its variable-rate tax-exempt Water Facilities Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2016E, due 2036. Sierra Pacific purchased the Series 2016C, Series 2016D and Series 2016E bonds as required by the bond indentures.

In April 2019, Sierra Pacific entered into a re-offering of the following series of bonds: $30 million of its variable-rate tax-exempt Pollution Control Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2016B, due 2029; the Series 2016D bonds; the Series 2016E bonds; $75 million of its variable-rate tax-exempt Water Facilities Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2016F, due 2036; and $20 million of its variable-rate tax-exempt Water Facilities Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2016G, due 2036. The Series 2016B and Series 2016G bonds were offered at a fixed rate of 1.85%. The Series 2016D, Series 2016E and Series 2016F bonds were offered at a fixed rate of 2.05%. Sierra Pacific previously purchased the Series 2016B, Series 2016F and Series 2016G bonds on their date of issuance to hold for its own account.issuance. Sierra Pacific holds the Series 2016C bonds for its own account and potentialthe bonds could be issued at a future outcomes ofdate if required by future regulatory proceedings. Sierra Pacific intends to useused the net proceeds of the re-offering for general corporate purposes.



In June 2019, Sierra Pacific purchased the following series of bonds that were held by the public: $59 million of its fixed-rate tax-exempt Gas Facilities Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2016A, due 2031 and $20 million of its fixed-rate tax-exempt Humboldt County Pollution Control Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2016A, due 2029. Sierra Pacific holds these bonds and the bonds could be issued at a future date if required by future regulatory proceedings.

Credit Facilities

In May 2019, Sierra Pacific extended, with lender consent, the expiration date for its $250 million secured credit facility to June 2022 by exercising the remaining one-year extension option.

(7)    Income Taxes

A reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax rate to the effective income tax rate applicable to income before income tax expense is as follows:
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
          
Federal statutory income tax rate21% 21 %21% 21% 21% 21 %
Nondeductible expenses

8



3
Effects of ratemaking
 (5)1
 14
 1
 (1)
Other
 (1)
 3
 
 
Effective income tax rate21% 15 %22% 46% 22% 23 %

(8)
Employee Benefit Plans

Sierra Pacific is a participant in benefit plans sponsored by NV Energy. The NV Energy Retirement Plan includes a qualified pension plan ("Qualified Pension Plan") and a supplemental executive retirement plan and a restoration plan (collectively, "Non‑Qualified Pension Plans") that provide pension benefits for eligible employees. The NV Energy Comprehensive Welfare Benefit and Cafeteria Plan provides certain postretirement health care and life insurance benefits for eligible retirees ("Other Postretirement Plans") on behalf of Sierra Pacific. Amounts attributable to Sierra Pacific were allocated from NV Energy based upon the current, or in the case of retirees, previous, employment location. Offsetting regulatory assets and liabilities have been recorded related to the amounts not yet recognized as a component of net periodic benefit costs that will be included in regulated rates. Net periodic benefit costs not included in regulated rates are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net.

Amounts payable to NV Energy are included on the Balance Sheets and consist of the following (in millions):
As ofAs of
March 31, December 31,June 30, December 31,
2019 20182019 2018
Qualified Pension Plan -   
Qualified Pension Plan:   
Other long-term liabilities$19
 $19
$18
 $19
      
Non-Qualified Pension Plans:      
Other current liabilities1
 1
1
 1
Other long-term liabilities7
 7
7
 7
      
Other Postretirement Plans -   
Other Postretirement Plans:   
Other long-term liabilities13
 13
13
 13



(9)
Fair Value Measurements

The carrying value of Sierra Pacific's cash, certain cash equivalents, receivables, payables, accrued liabilities and short-term borrowings approximates fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. Sierra Pacific has various financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on the Balance Sheets using inputs from the three levels of the fair value hierarchy. A financial asset or liability classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels are as follows:

Level 1 Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that Sierra Pacific has the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2 Inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means (market corroborated inputs).
Level 3 Unobservable inputs reflect Sierra Pacific's judgments about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability since limited market data exists. Sierra Pacific develops these inputs based on the best information available, including its own data.

The following table presents Sierra Pacific's assets and liabilities recognized on the Balance Sheets and measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in millions):
Input Levels for Fair Value Measurements  Input Levels for Fair Value Measurements  
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 TotalLevel 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
As of March 31, 2019       
As of June 30, 2019       
Assets:              
Commodity derivatives$
 $

$2
 $2
$
 $

$1
 $1
Money market mutual funds(1)
34
 
 
 34
25
 
 
 25
$34
 $
 $2
 $36
$25
 $
 $1
 $26
              
Liabilities - commodity derivatives$
 $
 $(1) $(1)$
 $
 $(3) $(3)
              
As of December 31, 2018              
Assets:              
Commodity derivatives$
 $
 $2
 $2
$
 $
 $2
 $2
Money market mutual funds(1)
45
 
 
 45
45
 
 
 45
$45
 $
 $2
 $47
$45
 $
 $2
 $47

(1)Amounts are included in cash and cash equivalents on the Balance Sheets. The fair value of these money market mutual funds approximates cost.

Sierra Pacific's investments in money market mutual funds and equity securities are stated at fair value. When available, a readily observable quoted market price or net asset value of an identical security in an active market is used to record the fair value.

Sierra Pacific's long-term debt is carried at cost on the Balance Sheets. The fair value of Sierra Pacific's long-term debt is a Level 2 fair value measurement and has been estimated based upon quoted market prices, where available, or at the present value of future cash flows discounted at rates consistent with comparable maturities with similar credit risks. The carrying value of Sierra Pacific's variable-rate long-term debt approximates fair value because of the frequent repricing of these instruments at market rates. The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of Sierra Pacific's long-term debt (in millions):
 As of March 31, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
 Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
 Value Value Value Value
        
Long-term debt$1,120
 $1,196
 $1,120
 $1,167
 As of June 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
 Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
 Value Value Value Value
        
Long-term debt$1,135
 $1,240
 $1,120
 $1,167



(10)
Commitments and Contingencies

Environmental Laws and Regulations

Sierra Pacific is subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations regarding climate change, renewable portfolio standards, air and water quality, emissions performance standards, coal combustion byproduct disposal, hazardous and solid waste disposal, protected species and other environmental matters that have the potential to impact Sierra Pacific's current and future operations. Sierra Pacific believes it is in material compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.

Legal Matters

Sierra Pacific is party to a variety of legal actions arising out of the normal course of business. Plaintiffs occasionally seek punitive or exemplary damages. Sierra Pacific does not believe that such normal and routine litigation will have a material impact on its financial results. Sierra Pacific is also involved in other kinds of legal actions, some of which assert or may assert claims or seek to impose fines, penalties and other costs in substantial amounts.

(11)
Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The following table summarizes Sierra Pacific's revenue from contracts with customers ("Customer Revenue") by customer class, including a reconciliation to Sierra Pacific's reportable segment information included in Note 12 (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018
Electric
Gas
Total Electric Gas TotalElectric
Gas
Total Electric Gas Total
Customer Revenue:




 
 
  




 
 
  
Retail:




 
 
  




 
 
  
Residential$68

$24

$92
 $68
 $26
 $94
$58

$14

$72
 $59
 $13
 $72
Commercial54

10

64
 57
 11
 68
54

5

59
 58
 4
 62
Industrial39

3

42
 39
 3
 42
46

2

48
 38
 2
 40
Other2



2
 2
 
 2
1



1
 1
 
 1
Total fully bundled163

37

200
 166
 40
 206
159

21

180
 156
 19
 175
Distribution only service1



1
 1
 
 1
1



1
 1
 
 1
Total retail164

37

201
 167
 40
 207
160

21

181
 157
 19
 176
Wholesale, transmission and other17



17
 13
 
 13
11



11
 10
 
 10
Total Customer Revenue181

37

218
 180
 40
 220
171

21

192
 167
 19
 186
Other revenue1



1
 1
 1
 2
1

1

2
 2
 
 2
Total revenue$182

$37

$219
 $181
 $41
 $222
$172

$22

$194
 $169
 $19
 $188



 Six-Month Periods
 Ended June 30,
 2019 2018
 Electric Gas Total Electric Gas Total
Customer Revenue:           
Retail:           
Residential$126
 $38
 $164
 $127
 $39
 $166
Commercial108
 15
 123
 115
 15
 130
Industrial85
 5
 90
 77
 5
 82
Other3
 
 3
 3
 
 3
Total fully bundled322
 58
 380
 322
 59
 381
Distribution only service2
 
 2
 2
 
 2
Total retail324
 58
 382
 324
 59
 383
Wholesale, transmission and other28
 
 28
 23
 
 23
Total Customer Revenue352
 58
 410
 347
 59
 406
Other revenue2
 1
 3
 3
 1
 4
Total revenue$354
 $59
 $413
 $350
 $60
 $410

(12)
Segment Information

Sierra Pacific has identified two reportable operating segments: regulated electric and regulated natural gas. The regulated electric segment derives most of its revenue from regulated retail sales of electricity to residential, commercial, and industrial customers and from wholesale sales. The regulated natural gas segment derives most of its revenue from regulated retail sales of natural gas to residential, commercial, and industrial customers and also obtains revenue by transporting natural gas owned by others through its distribution system. Pricing for regulated electric and regulated natural gas sales are established separately by the PUCN; therefore, management also reviews each segment separately to make decisions regarding allocation of resources and in evaluating performance.

The following tables provide information on a reportable segment basis (in millions):
Three-Month PeriodsThree-Month Periods Six-Month Periods
Ended March 31,Ended June 30, Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
Operating revenue:          
Regulated electric$182
 $181
$172
 $169
 $354
 $350
Regulated natural gas37
 41
22
 19
 59
 60
Total operating revenue$219
 $222
$194
 $188
 $413
 $410
          
Operating income:          
Regulated electric$29
 $37
$23
 $18
 $52
 $55
Regulated natural gas8
 10
4
 1
 12
 11
Total operating income37
 47
27
 19
 64
 66
Interest expense(12) (10)(12) (11) (24) (21)
Allowance for borrowed funds1
 1
 1
 1
Allowance for equity funds1
 1
1
 1
 2
 2
Other, net2
 2
1
 3
 3
 5
Income before income tax expense$28
 $40
$18
 $13
 $46
 $53


As ofAs of
March 31, December 31,June 30, December 31,
2019 20182019 2018
Assets:      
Regulated electric$3,227
 $3,177
$3,237
 $3,177
Regulated natural gas316
 314
316
 314
Regulated common assets(1)
74
 78
41
 78
Total assets$3,617
 $3,569
$3,594
 $3,569

(1)Consists principally of cash and cash equivalents not included in either the regulated electric or regulated natural gas segments.


Item 2.    Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 

General

Sierra Pacific's revenues and operating income are subject to fluctuations during the year due to impacts that seasonal weather, rate changes, and customer usage patterns have on demand for electric energy, natural gas and resources. Sierra Pacific's electric segment is summer peaking experiencing its highest retail energy sales in response to the demand for air conditioning and its natural gas segment is winter peaking due to sales in response to the demand for heating. The variations in energy usage due to varying weather, customer growth and other energy usage patterns, including energy efficiency and conservation measures, necessitates a continual balancing of loads and resources and purchases and sales of energy under short- and long-term energy supply contracts. As a result, the prudent management and optimization of available resources has a direct effect on the operating and financial performance of Sierra Pacific. Additionally, the timely recovery of purchased power, fuel costs and other costs and the ability to earn a fair return on investments through rates are essential to the operating and financial performance of Sierra Pacific.

The following is management's discussion and analysis of certain significant factors that have affected the financial condition and results of operations of Sierra Pacific during the periods included herein. Explanations include management's best estimate of the impact of weather, customer growth and other factors. This discussion should be read in conjunction with Sierra Pacific's historical unaudited Financial Statements and Notes to Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. Sierra Pacific's actual results in the future could differ significantly from the historical results.



Results of Operations for the Second Quarter and First QuarterSix Months of 2019 and 2018

Overview

Net income for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 was $22$14 million, an increase of $7 million, or 100%, compared to 2018 primarily due to $8 million of lower operations and maintenance expense, mainly due to lower political activity expenses, and $2 million of higher electric utility margin, mainly due to customer growth.

Net income for the first six months of 2019 was $36 million, a decrease of $12$5 million, or 35%12%, compared to 2018 primarily due to $5 million of higher operationsother expense, mainly due to higher pension expense, and maintenance expense, $4$2 million of lower electric utility margin, primarilymainly due to lower average retail rates related to the tax rate reduction rider effective April 2018, and $2partially offset by higher customer growth. The decrease is partially offset by $3 million of higher otherlower operations and maintenance expense, primarilymainly due to higher pension expense.lower political activity expenses.

Non-GAAP Financial Measure
Management utilizes various key financial measures that are prepared in accordance with GAAP, as well as non-GAAP financial measures such as, electric utility margin and natural gas utility margin, to help evaluate results of operations. Electric utility margin is calculated as electric operating revenue less cost of fuel and energy while natural gas utility margin is calculated as natural gas operating revenue less cost of natural gas purchased for resale, which are captions presented on the Statements of Operations.
Sierra Pacific's cost of fuel and energy and cost of natural gas purchased for resale are generally recovered from its customers through regulatory recovery mechanisms and as a result, changes in Sierra Pacific's expenses result in comparable changes to revenue. As such, management believes electric utility margin and natural gas utility margin more appropriately and concisely explain profitability rather than a discussion of revenue and cost of sales separately. Management believes the presentation of electric utility margin and natural gas utility margin provides meaningful and valuable insight into the information management considers important to running the business and a measure of comparability to others in the industry.
Electric utility margin and natural gas utility margin are not measures calculated in accordance with GAAP and should be viewed as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, operating income which is the most directly comparable financial measure prepared in accordance with GAAP. The following table provides a reconciliation of utility margin to operating income (in millions):
 First Quarter Second Quarter First Six Months
 2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
Electric utility margin:                     
Electric operating revenue $182
 $181
 $1
1 % $172
 $169
 $3
2 % $354
 $350
 $4
1 %
Cost of fuel and energy 82
 77
 5
6
 79
 78
 1
1
 161
 155
 6
4
Electric utility margin 100
 104
 (4)(4) 93
 91
 2
2
 193
 195
 (2)(1)
                     
Natural gas utility margin:                     
Natural gas operating revenue 37
 41
 (4)(10)% 22
 19
 3
16 % 59
 60
 (1)(2)%
Cost of natural gas purchased for resale 19
 23
 (4)(17) 10
 8
 2
25
 29
 31
 (2)(6)
Natural gas utility margin 18
 18
 

 12
 11
 1
9
 30
 29
 1
3
                     
Utility margin 118
 122
 (4)(3)% 105
 102
 3
3 % 223
 224
 (1) %
                     
Operations and maintenance 44
 39
 5
13 % 40
 48
 (8)(17)% 84
 87
 (3)(3)%
Depreciation and amortization 31
 30
 1
3
 32
 29
 3
10
 63
 59
 4
7
Property and other taxes 6
 6
 

 6
 6
 

 12
 12
 

Operating income $37
 $47
 $(10)(21)% $27
 $19
 $8
42 % $64
 $66
 $(2)(3)%



A comparison of Sierra Pacific's key operating results is as follows:

Electric Utility Margin
 First Quarter Second Quarter First Six Months
 2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
Electric utility margin (in millions):                     
Electric operating revenue $182
 $181
 $1
1 % $172
 $169
 $3
2 % $354
 $350
 $4
1 %
Cost of fuel and energy 82
 77
 5
6
 79
 78
 1
1
 161
 155
 6
4
Electric utility margin $100
 $104
 $(4)(4) $93
 $91
 $2
2
 $193
 $195
 $(2)(1)
                     
GWhs sold:                     
Residential 655
 613
 42
7 % 530
 527
 3
1 % 1,185
 1,140
 45
4 %
Commercial 700
 697
 3

 678
 711
 (33)(5) 1,378
 1,408
 (30)(2)
Industrial 924
 819
 105
13
 1,005
 811
 194
24
 1,929
 1,630
 299
18
Other 4
 4
 

 4
 4
 

 8
 8
 

Total fully bundled(1)
 2,283
 2,133
 150
7
 2,217
 2,053
 164
8
 4,500

4,186

314
8
Distribution only service 391
 362
 29
8
 405
 387
 18
5
 796

749

47
6
Total retail 2,674
 2,495
 179
7
 2,622
 2,440
 182
7
 5,296
 4,935
 361
7
Wholesale 219
 171
 48
28
 139
 111
 28
25
 358
 282
 76
27
Total GWhs sold 2,893
 2,666
 227
9
 2,761
 2,551
 210
8
 5,654
 5,217
 437
8
                     
Average number of retail customers (in thousands):                     
Residential 303
 298
 5
2 % 304
 299
 5
2 % 303
 298
 5
2 %
Commercial 48
 47
 1
2
 47
 47
 

 48
 47
 1
2
Total 351
 345
 6
2
 351
 346
 5
1
 351
 345
 6
2
                     
Average per MWh:                     
Revenue - fully bundled(1)
 $71.50
 $77.93
 $(6.43)(8)% $71.87
 $76.36
 $(4.49)(6)% $71.68
 $77.16
 $(5.48)(7)%
Revenue - wholesale $52.52
 $49.51
 $3.01
6 % $48.51
 $42.54
 $5.97
14 % $50.97

$46.76

$4.21
9 %
Total cost of energy(2)
 $31.50
 $32.52
 $(1.02)(3)% $31.34
 $33.99
 $(2.65)(8)% $31.42
 $33.24
 $(1.82)(5)%
                     
Heating degree days 2,244
 2,140
 104
5 % 519
 485
 34
7 % 2,763
 2,625
 138
5 %
Cooling degree days 216
 240
 (24)(10)% 216
 240
 (24)(10)%
                     
Sources of energy (GWhs)(3):
       
Sources of energy (GWhs)(2)(3):
              
Natural gas 1,094
 1,057
 37
4 % 1,152
 1,078
 74
7 % 2,246

2,135

111
5 %
Coal 340
 
 340
*
 212
 197
 15
8
 552
 197
 355
180
Renewables(4)
 5
 6
 (1)(17) 12
 12
 

 17

18

(1)(6)
Total energy generated 1,439
 1,063
 376
35
 1,376
 1,287
 89
7
 2,815
 2,350
 465
20
Energy purchased 1,179
 1,306
 (127)(10) 1,127
 999
 128
13
 2,306
 2,305
 1

Total 2,618
 2,369
 249
11
 2,503
 2,286
 217
9
 5,121
 4,655
 466
10

*     Not meaningful
(1)    Fully bundled includes sales to customers for combined energy, transmission and distribution services.
(2)The average total cost of energy per MWh includesand sources of energy excludes 19 GWhs of coal and 49 GWhs of gas generated energy that is purchased at cost by related parties for the costsecond quarter and first six months of fuel, purchased power2018. There were no GWhs of coal or gas generated energy excluded in the second quarter and deferrals and does not include other costs.first six months of 2019.
(3)GWh amounts are net of energy used by the related generating facilities.
(4)Includes the Fort Churchill Solar Array which is under lease by Sierra Pacific.



Natural Gas Utility Margin
 First Quarter Second Quarter First Six Months
 2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
Natural gas utility margin (in millions):                     
Natural gas operating revenue $37
 $41
 $(4)(10)% $22
 $19
 $3
16% $59
 $60
 $(1)(2)%
Cost of natural gas purchased for resale 19
 23
 (4)(17) 10
 8
 2
25
 29
 31
 (2)(6)
Natural gas utility margin $18
 $18
 $

 $12
 $11
 $1
9
 $30
 $29
 $1
3
                     
Dths sold:                     
Residential 5,013
 4,319
 694
16 % 1,627
 1,461
 166
11% 6,640
 5,780
 860
15 %
Commercial 2,497
 2,112
 385
18
 890
 788
 102
13
 3,387
 2,900
 487
17
Industrial 670
 690
 (20)(3) 409
 407
 2

 1,079
 1,097
 (18)(2)
Total retail 8,180
 7,121
 1,059
15
 2,926
 2,656
 270
10
 11,106
 9,777
 1,329
14
                     
Average number of retail customers (in thousands) 169
 166
 3
2 % 170
 167
 3
2% 170
 166
 4
2 %
Average revenue per retail Dth sold $4.52
 $5.61
 $(1.09)(19)% $7.52
 $7.13
 $0.39
5% $5.31
 $6.02
 $(0.71)(12)%
Average cost of natural gas per retail Dth sold $2.32
 $3.20
 $(0.88)(28)% $3.42
 $2.73
 $0.69
25% $2.61
 $3.09
 $(0.48)(16)%
Heating degree days 2,244
 2,140
 104
5 % 519
 485
 34
7% 2,763
 2,625
 138
5 %

Electric utility margin decreased $4increased $2 million, or 4%2%, for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to customer growth.

Operations and maintenance decreased $8 million, or 17%, for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower political activity expenses and the impacts of adopting ASC 842, "Leases" ("ASC 842").

Depreciation and amortization increased $3 million, or 10%, for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher plant placed in service and the impacts of adopting ASC 842.

Other income (expense) is unfavorable $3 million, or 50%, for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher pension expense and the impacts of adopting ASC 842.

Income tax expense decreased $2 million, or 33%, for the second quarter of 2019 compared to 2018. The effective tax rate was 22% in 2019 and 46% in 2018 and decreased due to the effects of ratemaking and lower nondeductible expenses.

Electric utility margin decreased $2 million, or 1%, for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to $6 million in lower retail rates due to the tax rate reduction rider effective April 2018, partially offset by $2 million in higher residential volumes primarily from the impacts of weather.weather and $2 million of customer growth.

Operations and maintenance increased $5decreased $3 million, or 13%3%, for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to lower political activity expenses and the impacts of adopting ASC 842, partially offset by higher generation plant costs.

Depreciation and amortization increased $4 million, or 7%, for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher transmissionplant placed in service and distribution costs and higher generation plant costs, partially offset by the impacts of adopting ASC 842, "Leases"("ASC 842").842.

Other income (expense) is unfavorable $2$5 million, or 29%38%, for the first quartersix months of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to higher pension expense and the impacts of adopting ASC 842.

Income tax expense decreased $2 million, or 17%, for the first six months of 2019 compared to 2018. The effective tax rate was 22% in 2019 and 23% in 2018 and decreased due to lower nondeductible expenses.



Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of March 31,June 30, 2019, Sierra Pacific's total net liquidity was as follows (in millions):

Cash and cash equivalents $62
 $28
  
Credit facility 250
 250
Less:  
Tax-exempt bond support (80)
Net credit facility 170
  
Total net liquidity $232
 $278
Credit facility:    
Maturity date 2021
 2022

Operating Activities

Net cash flows from operating activities for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $44$88 million and $75$162 million, respectively. The change was primarily due to an increase in fuel costs, andlower collections from customers due to lower deferred energy rates, higher inventory purchases, higher payments for operating costs and the refunding of a credit deposit to a customer, partially offset by lower contributions to the pension plan.


Investing Activities

Net cash flows from investing activities for the three-monthsix-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $(52)$(99) million and $(45)$(94) million, respectively. The change was due to increased capital expenditures.

Financing Activities

Net cash flows from financing activities for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $(32) million and $(1) million, respectively. The change was due to higher payments to repurchase long-term debt and dividends paid to NV Energy, Inc. of $46 million, partially offset by higher proceeds from the re-offering of previously repurchased long-term debt.

Long-Term Debt

In April 2019, Sierra Pacific purchased the following series of bonds that were held by the public: $30 million of its variable-rate tax-exempt Water Facilities Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2016C, due 2036; $25 million of its variable-rate tax-exempt Water Facilities Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2016D, due 2036; and $25 million of its variable-rate tax-exempt Water Facilities Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2016E, due 2036. Sierra Pacific purchased the Series 2016C, Series 2016D and Series 2016E bonds as required by the bond indentures.

In April 2019, Sierra Pacific entered into a reofferingre-offering of the following series of bonds: $30 million of its variable-rate tax-exempt Pollution Control Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2016B, due 2029; the Series 2016D bonds; the Series 2016E bonds; $75 million of its variable-rate tax-exempt Water Facilities Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2016F, due 2036; and $20 million of its variable-rate tax-exempt Water Facilities Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2016G, due 2036. The Series 2016B and Series 2016G bonds were offered at a fixed rate of 1.85%. The Series 2016D, Series 2016E and Series 2016F bonds were offered at a fixed rate of 2.05%. Sierra Pacific previously purchased the Series 2016B, Series 2016F and Series 2016G bonds on their date of issuance to hold for its own account.issuance. Sierra Pacific holds the Series 2016C bonds for its own account and potentialthe bonds could be issued at a future outcomes ofdate if required by future regulatory proceedings. Sierra Pacific intends to useused the net proceeds of the reofferingre-offering for general corporate purposes.

In June 2019, Sierra Pacific purchased the following series of bonds that were held by the public: $59 million of its fixed-rate tax-exempt Gas Facilities Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2016A, due 2031 and $20 million of its fixed-rate tax-exempt Humboldt County Pollution Control Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2016A, due 2029. Sierra Pacific holds these bonds and the bonds could be issued at a future date if required by future regulatory proceedings.

Debt Authorizations

Sierra Pacific currently has financing authority from the PUCN consisting of the ability to: (1) establish debt issuances limited to a debt ceiling of $1.6 billion (excluding borrowings under Sierra Pacific's $250 million secured credit facility); and (2) maintain a revolving credit facility of up to $600 million.



Future Uses of Cash

Sierra Pacific has available a variety of sources of liquidity and capital resources, both internal and external, including net cash flows from operating activities, public and private debt offerings, the use of its secured revolving credit facility, capital contributions and other sources. These sources are expected to provide funds required for current operations, capital expenditures, debt retirements and other capital requirements. The availability and terms under which Sierra Pacific has access to external financing depends on a variety of factors, including regulatory approvals, Sierra Pacific's credit ratings, investors' judgment of risk and conditions in the overall capital markets, including the condition of the utility industry.

Capital Expenditures

Capital expenditure needs are reviewed regularly by management and may change significantly as a result of these reviews, which may consider, among other factors, changes in environmental and other rules and regulations; impacts to customers' rates; outcomes of regulatory proceedings; changes in income tax laws; general business conditions; load projections; system reliability standards; the cost and efficiency of construction labor, equipment and materials; commodity prices; and the cost and availability of capital. Prudently incurred expenditures for compliance-related items such as pollution-control technologies, replacement generation and associated operating costs are generally incorporated into Sierra Pacific's regulated retail rates. Expenditures for certain assets may ultimately include acquisition of existing assets.



Historical and forecast capital expenditures, each of which exclude amounts for non-cash equity AFUDC and other non-cash items are as follows (in millions):
Three-Month Periods AnnualSix-Month Periods Annual
Ended March 31, ForecastEnded June 30, Forecast
2018 2019 20192018 2019 2019
          
Distribution$31
 $34
 $174
$69
 $79
 $186
Transmission system investment1
 2
 22
2
 6
 19
Other13
 16
 71
23
 14
 54
Total$45
 $52
 $267
$94
 $99
 $259

Sierra Pacific's forecast capital expenditures include investments related to operating projects that consist of routine expenditures for transmission, distribution, generation and other infrastructure needed to serve existing and expected demand.

Contractual Obligations

As of March 31,June 30, 2019, there have been no material changes outside the normal course of business in contractual obligations from the information provided in Item 7 of Sierra Pacific's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Regulatory Matters

Sierra Pacific is subject to comprehensive regulation. Refer to "Regulatory Matters" in Berkshire Hathaway Energy's Part I, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q for discussion regarding Sierra Pacific's current regulatory matters.



Environmental Laws and Regulations

Sierra Pacific is subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations regarding climate change, RPS, air and water quality, emissions performance standards, coal combustion byproduct disposal, hazardous and solid waste disposal, protected species and other environmental matters that have the potential to impact Sierra Pacific's current and future operations. In addition to imposing continuing compliance obligations and capital expenditure requirements, these laws and regulations provide regulators with the authority to levy substantial penalties for noncompliance including fines, injunctive relief and other sanctions. These laws and regulations are administered by the EPA and various state and local agencies. All such laws and regulations are subject to a range of interpretation, which may ultimately be resolved by the courts. Environmental laws and regulations continue to evolve, and Sierra Pacific is unable to predict the impact of the changing laws and regulations on its operations and financial results. Sierra Pacific believes it is in material compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.

Refer to "Environmental Laws and Regulations" in Berkshire Hathaway Energy's Part I, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q for additional information regarding environmental laws and regulations.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Certain accounting measurements require management to make estimates and judgments concerning transactions that will be settled several years in the future. Amounts recognized on the Financial Statements based on such estimates involve numerous assumptions subject to varying and potentially significant degrees of judgment and uncertainty and will likely change in the future as additional information becomes available. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, the accounting for the effects of certain types of regulation, derivatives, impairment of long-lived assets, income taxes and revenue recognition - unbilled revenue. For additional discussion of Sierra Pacific's critical accounting estimates, see Item 7 of Sierra Pacific's Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2018. There have been no significant changes in Sierra Pacific's assumptions regarding critical accounting estimates since December 31, 2018.



Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

For quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk affecting the Registrants, see Item 7A of each Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. Each Registrant's exposure to market risk and its management of such risk has not changed materially since December 31, 2018. Refer to Note 8 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of PacifiCorp in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for disclosure of the respective Registrant's derivative positions as of March 31,June 30, 2019.

Item 4.Controls and Procedures

At the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, each of Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company, PacifiCorp, MidAmerican Funding, LLC, MidAmerican Energy Company, Nevada Power Company and Sierra Pacific Power Company carried out separate evaluations, under the supervision and with the participation of each such entity's management, including its Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and its Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer), or persons performing similar functions, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended). Based upon these evaluations, management of each such entity, including its Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and its Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer), or persons performing similar functions, in each case, concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures for such entity were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by such entity in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the United States Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to its management, including its Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and its Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer), or persons performing similar functions, in each case, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure by it. Each such entity hereby states that there has been no change in its internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31,June 30, 2019 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.



PART II

Item 1.Legal Proceedings

Not applicable.

Item 1A.Risk Factors

There has been no material change to each Registrant's risk factors from those disclosed in Item 1A of each Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

Item 3.Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures

Information regarding Berkshire Hathaway Energy's and PacifiCorp's mine safety violations and other legal matters disclosed in accordance with Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act is included in Exhibit 95 to this Form 10-Q.

Item 5.Other Information

Not applicable.

Item 6.Exhibits

The following is a list of exhibits filed as part of this Quarterly Report.



Exhibit No.Description

BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY
4.1
4.2
10.1
15.1
31.1
31.2
32.1
32.2

PACIFICORP
15.2
31.3
31.4
32.3
32.4

BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY AND PACIFICORP
4.14.3
10.2
10.3
95

MIDAMERICAN ENERGY
15.3
31.5
31.6
32.5
32.6



Exhibit No.Description

BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY AND MIDAMERICAN ENERGY
10.4

MIDAMERICAN FUNDING
31.7
31.8
32.7
32.8

NEVADA POWER
15.4
31.9
31.10
32.9
32.10


BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY AND NEVADA POWER
Exhibit No.10.5Description

SIERRA PACIFIC
31.11
31.12
32.11
32.12

BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY AND SIERRA PACIFIC
10.6

ALL REGISTRANTS
101The following financial information from each respective Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31,June 30, 2019, is formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) and included herein: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged in summary and detail.


SIGNATURES


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, each registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY ENERGY COMPANY
  
Date: May 3,August 2, 2019/s/ Patrick J. Goodman
 Patrick J. Goodman
 Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 (principal financial and accounting officer)
  
 PACIFICORP
  
Date: May 3,August 2, 2019/s/ Nikki L. Kobliha
 Nikki L. Kobliha
 Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
 (principal financial and accounting officer)
  
 MIDAMERICAN FUNDING, LLC
 MIDAMERICAN ENERGY COMPANY
  
Date: May 3,August 2, 2019/s/ Thomas B. Specketer
 Thomas B. Specketer
 Vice President and Controller
 of MidAmerican Funding, LLC and
 Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 of MidAmerican Energy Company
 (principal financial and accounting officer)
  
 NEVADA POWER COMPANY
  
Date: May 3,August 2, 2019/s/ Michael E. Cole
 Michael E. Cole
 Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 (principal financial and accounting officer)
  
 SIERRA PACIFIC POWER COMPANY
  
Date: May 3,August 2, 2019/s/ Michael E. Cole
 Michael E. Cole
 Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 (principal financial and accounting officer)

154170