SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Accelerated filer ☒☐

Smaller reporting company ☒

~~Emerging growth company~~ ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

FIRST NORTHERN COMMUNITY BANCORP

INDEX

	Page
PART I – Financial Information	3

ITEM I. – Financial Statements (Unaudited)	3

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)	3

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)	4

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)	5

Condensed Consolidated Statement of ~~Stockholders'~~Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)	6

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)	7

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8

ITEM 2. – ~~MANAGEMENT'S~~MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS	3431

ITEM 3. – QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK	5147

ITEM 4. – CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES	5147

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION	5147

ITEM 1. – LEGAL PROCEEDINGS	5147

ITEM 1A. – RISK FACTORS	5147

ITEM 2. – UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS	5449

ITEM 3. – DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES	5449

ITEM 4. – MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES	5449

ITEM 5. – OTHER INFORMATION	5449

ITEM 6. – EXHIBITS	5449
~~SIGNATURES~~	55
SIGNATURES	50

Index

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

FIRST NORTHERN COMMUNITY BANCORP

ITEM I. – FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except share amounts)	September 30, 2017			December 31, 2016			March 31, 2021		December 31, 2020

Assets

Cash and cash equivalents	$	150,156		$	159,643		$	294,429	$	267,177
Certificates of deposit		3,968			16,213			14,718		16,923
Investment securities – available-for-sale		302,255			277,079			466,046		435,080
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses of $11,563 at September 30, 2017 and $10,899 at December 31, 2016		693,066			669,770
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses of $15,713 at March 31, 2021 and $15,416 at December 31, 2020								942,404		875,830
Loans held-for-sale		1,811			3,326			8,406		9,190
Stock in Federal Home Loan Bank and other equity securities, at cost		5,567			4,409			6,480		6,480
Premises and equipment, net		6,383			7,304			6,465		6,513
Interest receivable and other assets		29,644			29,019			41,033		38,183

Total Assets	$	1,192,850		$	1,166,763		$	1,779,981	$	1,655,376

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

Liabilities:

Demand deposits	$	361,969		$	362,688		$	707,605	$	645,538
Interest-bearing transaction deposits		303,075			293,343			409,194		390,126
Savings and MMDA's		338,220			331,730
Savings and MMDA’s								431,725		385,908
Time, $250,000 or less		57,554			60,677			43,594		41,947
Time, over $250,000		20,014			15,258			14,919		14,643
Total deposits		1,080,832			1,063,696			1,607,037		1,478,162

Federal Home Loan Bank advances								5,000		5,000
Interest payable and other liabilities		11,374			10,769			18,145		21,557

Total Liabilities		1,092,206			1,074,465			1,630,182		1,504,719

Stockholders' Equity:
Common stock, no par value; 16,000,000 shares authorized; 11,172,640 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017 and 11,148,446 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2016		79,574			79,114
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7)								0		0

Stockholders’ Equity:
Common stock, 0 par value; 16,000,000 shares authorized; 13,680,085 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2021 and 13,634,463 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2020								108,000		107,527
Additional paid-in capital		977			977			977		977
Retained earnings		22,201			14,557			39,956		37,115
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net		(2,108	)		(2,350	)
Total Stockholders' Equity		100,644			92,298
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net								866		5,038
Total Stockholders’ Equity								149,799		150,657

Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	$	1,192,850		$	1,166,763
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity							$	1,779,981	$	1,655,376

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Index

FIRST NORTHERN COMMUNITY BANCORP

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)	Three months ended September 30, 2017		Three months ended September 30, 2016			Nine months ended September 30, 2017			Nine months ended September 30, 2016			Three months ended March 31, 2021			Three months ended March 31, 2020
Interest and dividend income:
Loans	$	8,394	$	7,771		$	24,566		$	22,802		$	9,237		$	9,235
Due from banks interest bearing accounts		419		215			1,042			676			148			533
Investment securities
Taxable		1,252		913			3,545			2,577			1,486			1,757
Non-taxable		61		66			209			202			143			100
Other earning assets		93		97			284			274			82			124
Total interest and dividend income		10,219		9,062			29,646			26,531			11,096			11,749
Interest expense:
Deposits		272		289			792			848			224			518
Total interest expense		272		289			792			848			224			518
Net interest income		9,947		8,773			28,854			25,683			10,872			11,231
Provision for loan losses		—		450			600			1,350			300			650
Net interest income after provision for loan losses		9,947		8,323			28,254			24,333			10,572			10,581
Non-interest income:
Service charges on deposit accounts		532		510			1,445			1,536			360			436
Gains on sales of other real estate owned		—		—			—			4
Gains on sales of loans held-for-sale		123		234			418			596			639			164
Investment and brokerage services income		157		139			445			401			144			158
Mortgage brokerage income		32		9			75			31			0			35
Loan servicing income		98		(49	)		364			171			355			123
Fiduciary activities income		122		108			365			326
Debit card income		508		499			1,476			1,467			599			500
Gains (losses) on sales/calls of available-for-sale securities		2		(21	)		(14	)		(7	)
Gain on sale-leaseback of real estate		—		—			1,187			—
(Losses) gains on sales/calls of available-for-sale securities													(10	)		38
Other income		206		228			619			672			203			195
Total non-interest income		1,780		1,657			6,380			5,197			2,290			1,649
Non-interest expenses:
Salaries and employee benefits		4,445		4,039			13,649			12,323			5,639			5,752
Occupancy and equipment		747		758			2,136			2,247			827			895
Data processing		430		421			1,269			1,180			791			615
Stationery and supplies		85		91			263			275			57			79
Advertising		80		90			226			233			66			70
Directors' fees		86		77			221			212
Other real estate owned expense		4		—			3			1
Directors’ fees													38			44
Other expense		1,284		1,123			4,117			3,755			1,083			1,115
Total non-interest expenses		7,161		6,599			21,884			20,226			8,501			8,570
Income before provision for income taxes		4,566		3,381			12,750			9,304			4,361			3,660
Provision for income taxes		1,766		1,362			4,889			3,519			1,183			981

Net income	$	2,800	$	2,019		$	7,861		$	5,785		$	3,178		$	2,679

Basic earnings per common share	$	0.25	$	0.18		$	0.71		$	0.52		$	0.24		$	0.20
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.25	$	0.18		$	0.70		$	0.52		$	0.23		$	0.20

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Index

FIRST NORTHERN COMMUNITY BANCORP

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)
Three months ended
September 30, 2017

Three months ended
September 30, 2016

Nine months ended
September 30, 2017

Nine months ended
September 30, 2016

Net income $ 2,800 $ 2,019 $ 7,861 $ 5,785
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Unrealized holding gains arising during the period, net of tax effect of $116 and $(265) for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively, and $186 and $347 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively 176 (401 ) 280 519
Less: reclassification adjustment due to (gains) losses realized on sales of securities, net of tax effect of $(1) and $8 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively, and $6 and $3 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively (1 ) 13 8 4
Directors' and officers' retirement plan equity adjustments, net of tax effect of $0 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, and $(31) and $0 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively — — (46 ) —
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax $ 175 $ (388 ) $ 242 $ 523

Comprehensive income $ 2,975 $ 1,631 $ 8,103 $ 6,308

(in thousands)	Three months ended March 31, 2021			Three months ended March 31, 2020
Net income	$	3,178		$	2,679
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
Unrealized holding(losses) gains on securities:
Unrealized holding (losses) gains arising during the period, net of tax effect of $(1,687) and $2,055 for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, respectively		(4,179	)		5,096
Less: reclassification adjustment due to losses (gains) realized on sales of securities, net of tax effect of $3 and $(11) for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, respectively		7			(27	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income	$	(4,172	)	$	5,069
Comprehensive (loss) income	$	(994	)	$	7,748

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Index

FIRST NORTHERN COMMUNITY BANCORP

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF ~~STOCKHOLDERS'~~STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except share data)

	Common Stock																	Common Stock					Additional Paid-in		Retained			Accumulated Other Comprehensive
	Shares			Amounts			Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total			Shares			Amounts		Capital		Earnings			Income (Loss)			Total

Balance at December 31, 2015		10,676,557		$	73,764		$	977	$	11,603		$	(495	)	$	85,849
Balance at December 31, 2019																			12,919,132		$	100,187	$	977	$	31,617		$	134		$	132,915
Net income										8,051						8,051										2,679						2,679
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes													(1,855	)		(1,855	)
Stock dividend adjustment		505			4					(4	)					—
4% stock dividend declared in 2017		428,786			5,088					(5,088	)					—
Cash in lieu of fractional shares		(101	)							(5	)					(5	)
Stock-based compensation					286											286
Tax deficiency related to expired, vested non-qualified stock options					(114	)										(114	)
Common shares issued related to restricted stock grants		34,976			61											61
Stock options exercised		7,723			25											25
Balance at December 31, 2016		11,148,446		$	79,114		$	977	$	14,557		$	(2,350	)	$	92,298
Net income										7,861						7,861
Other comprehensive income, net of taxes													242			242
Other comprehensive income, net of tax																													5,069			5,069
Stock dividend adjustment		289			207					(207	)					—			1,310			348				(348	)					0
Cash in lieu of fractional shares		(129	)							(10	)					(10	)		(166	)						(8	)					(8	)
Stock-based compensation					253											253						134										134
Common shares issued related to restricted stock grants, net of restricted stock reversals		24,034			—											—
Balance at September 30, 2017		11,172,640		$	79,574		$	977	$	22,201		$	(2,108	)	$	100,644
Common shares issued related to restricted stock grants, net of reversals																			38,224			0										0
Stock options exercised, net																			10,067			4										4
Balance at March 31, 2020																			12,968,567		$	100,673	$	977	$	33,940		$	5,203		$	140,793

Balance at December 31, 2020																			13,634,463		$	107,527	$	977	$	37,115		$	5,038		$	150,657
Net income																										3,178						3,178
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax																													(4,172	)		(4,172	)
Stock dividend adjustment																			1,282			329				(329	)					0
Cash in lieu of fractional shares																			(168	)						(8	)					(8	)
Stock-based compensation																						144										144
Common shares issued related to restricted stock grants																			38,400			0										0
Stock options exercised, net																			6,108			0										0
Balance at March 31, 2021																			13,680,085		$	108,000	$	977	$	39,956		$	866		$	149,799

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Index

FIRST NORTHERN COMMUNITY BANCORP

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

	(in thousands)						(in thousands)
	Nine months ended September 30, 2017			Nine months ended September 30, 2016			Three months ended March 31, 2021			Three months ended March 31, 2020
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
Net income	$	7,861		$	5,785		$	3,178		$	2,679
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation		449			469			188			239
Accretion and amortization of investment securities premiums and discounts, net		2,751			2,197			845			404
Valuation adjustment on mortgage servicing rights		(21	)		169			(123	)		0
Increase in deferred loan origination fees and costs, net		237			14			2,357			22
Provision for loan losses		600			1,350			300			650
Stock-based compensation		253			208			144			134
Losses (gain) on sales/calls of available-for-sale securities		14			7
Gain on sale-leaseback of real estate		(1,187	)		—
Gains on sales of other real estate owned		—			(4	)
Gains on sales of loans held-for-sale		(418	)		(596	)
Losses (gains) on sales/calls of available-for-sale securities								10			(38	)
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use asset								251			254
Gain on sales of loans held-for-sale								(639	)		(164	)
Proceeds from sales of loans held-for-sale		21,823			28,423			22,165			7,870
Originations of loans held-for-sale		(19,890	)		(29,668	)		(22,507	)		(10,040	)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Increase in interest receivable and other assets		(765	)		(1,283	)		(1,294	)		(4,908	)
Increase (decrease) in interest payable and other liabilities		528			(429	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		12,235			6,642
Net decrease in interest payable and other liabilities								(3,412	)		(2,671	)
Net cash used in operating activities								1,463			(5,569	)

Cash Flows From Investing Activities
Proceeds from calls or maturities of available-for-sale securities		8,075			31,464			5,750			9,700
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities		462			756			3,643			10,344
Principal repayments on available-for-sale securities		37,130			25,409			19,984			14,333
Purchase of available-for-sale securities		(73,128	)		(133,414	)		(67,054	)		(39,683	)
Net decrease (increase) in certificates of deposit		12,245			(60	)		2,205			(10,045	)
Net increase in loans		(24,133	)		(39,974	)
Net increase in stock in Federal Home Loan Bank and other equity securities, at cost		(1,158	)		(475	)
Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned		—			221
Proceeds from sale of bank premises and equipment		2,868			—
Purchases of bank premises and equipment, net		(1,209	)		(888	)
Net (increase) decrease in loans								(67,466	)		9,943
Purchases of premises and equipment								(140	)		(49	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(38,848	)		(116,961	)		(103,078	)		(5,457	)

Cash Flows From Financing Activities
Net increase in deposits		17,136			68,411			128,875			43,398
Cash dividends paid in lieu of fractional shares		(10	)		(5	)		(8	)		(8	)
Stock options exercised		—			25			0			4
Net cash provided by financing activities		17,126			68,431			128,867			43,394

Net decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents		(9,487	)		(41,888	)
Net increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents								27,252			32,368
Cash and Cash Equivalents, beginning of period		159,643			200,797			267,177			111,493
Cash and Cash Equivalents, end of period	$	150,156		$	158,909		$	294,429		$	143,861

Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest	$	775		$	819		$	219		$	517
Income taxes	$	5,115		$	3,940
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Stock dividend distributed	$	5,295		$	3,351		$	6,636		$	7,016
Transfer of loans held-for-investment to other real estate owned	$	—		$	217
Decrease in directors' & officers' retirement plan equity adjustment, net of tax	$	(46	)	$	—
Change in unrealized holding gains (losses) on available for sale securities, net of taxes	$	288		$	523
Unrealized holding (losses) gains on available for sale securities, net of taxes							$	(4,172	)	$	5,069
Transfer of loans held-for-sale to loans held-for-investment							$	1,765			0

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Index

FIRST NORTHERN COMMUNITY BANCORP

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and ~~2016~~2020 and December 31, ~~2016~~2020

1.	BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of First Northern Community Bancorp (the ~~"Company"~~“Company”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Articles 9 and 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results expected for the full year. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in the ~~Company's~~Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2016~~2020 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements as well as reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain reclassifications have been made to the December 31, 2020 footnotes to conform to the classifications used in March 31, 2021. There was no impact to net income, earnings per share, or stockholders’ equity as a result of the reclassifications.

2.	ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The most significant accounting policies followed by the Company are presented in Note 1 to the audited consolidated financial statements included in the ~~Company's~~Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2016.~~2020. These policies, along with the disclosures presented in the other financial statement notes and in this discussion, provide information on how significant assets and liabilities are valued in the financial statements and how those values are determined. Based on the valuation techniques used and the sensitivity of financial statement amounts to the methods, assumptions, and estimates underlying those amounts, Management has identified the allowance for loan losses accounting to be the accounting area requiring the most subjective or complex judgments, and as such the accounting area that could be most subject to revision as new information becomes available. A discussion of the factors affecting accounting for the allowance for loan losses is included in the ~~"Asset Quality"~~“Asset Quality” and ~~"Allowance~~“Allowance for Loan ~~Loss"~~Losses” discussions below. Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.

Application of these principles requires the Company to make certain estimates, assumptions, and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates, assumptions, and judgments are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements; accordingly, as this information changes, the financial statements could reflect different estimates, assumptions, and judgments. Certain accounting policies inherently have a greater reliance on the use of estimates, assumptions and judgments and as such have a greater possibility of producing results that could be materially different than originally reported. Estimates, assumptions and judgments are necessary when assets and liabilities are required to be recorded at fair value, when a decline in the value of an asset not carried on the financial statements at fair value warrants an impairment writedown or valuation reserve to be established, or when an asset or liability needs to be recorded contingent upon a future event. Carrying assets and liabilities at fair value inherently results in more financial statement volatility. The fair values and the information used to record valuation adjustments for certain assets and liabilities are based either on quoted market prices or are provided by other third-party sources, when available.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements:

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (‘CARES’) Act was passed by Congress and signed into law on March 27, 2020. Section 4013 of the CARES Act provides that a financial institution may elect to not apply GAAP requirements to loan modifications related to the COVID-19 pandemic that would otherwise be categorized as a TDR, and suspends the determination of loan modifications related to the COVID-19 pandemic from being treated as TDR’s. The relief from TDR guidance applies to modifications of loans that were not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019, and modifications that occur beginning on March 1, 2020 until the earlier of: sixty days after the date on which the national emergency related to the COVID-19 outbreak is terminated or December 31, 2020. The suspension of TDR accounting and reporting guidance may not be applied to any adverse impact on the credit of a borrower that is not related to the COVID-19 pandemic. In ~~May 2014,~~December 2020, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 was signed into law. Section 541 of this legislation, “Extension of Temporary Relief From Troubled Debt Restructurings and Insurer Clarification,” extends Section 4013 of the CARES Act to the earlier of January 1, 2022 or 60 days after the termination of the national emergency declared relating to COVID-19. Future TDRs are indeterminable and will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including the scope and duration of the pandemic and actions taken by governmental authorities and other third parties in response to the pandemic.

On April 3, 2020, the SEC Office of the Chief Accountant issued a public statement communicating that for eligible entities that elect to apply Section 4013 of the CARES Act, the SEC staff would not object that this is in accordance with GAAP for the periods for which such elections are available. In June 2020, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants published Q&A Section 2130.41 regarding a technical question regarding the recognition of interest income on Section 4013 loans which provided multiple permitted policy elections regarding the recognition of interest on Section 4013 restructured loans.

The Bank has continued to actively assist its communities by providing temporary loan relief under Section 4013 of the CARES Act. This relief included loan modifications which include forbearance programs (both full payment deferrals and interest only payments) to customers who have been negatively impacted by the pandemic. For loans that have been provided temporary full payment deferrals, the Bank has made a policy election to cease recognition of interest income during the term of the payment deferrals (generally three to six months). Upon completion of the forbearance period, the foregone interest over the deferral period is capitalized as deferred interest and recognized as an adjustment to the effective interest rate over the life of the loan using the effective yield method. Loans that were provided interest only payment relief will continue to accrue interest over the interest only period provided that the loans continue to perform as agreed. This policy election does not impact the Bank’s existing policies regarding non-accrual determinations if reasonable doubt exists as to the full and timely collection of interest or principal or when a loan becomes contractually past due by ninety days or more with respect to interest or principal regardless of whether a loan was modified under Section 4013 of the CARES Act. On March 22, 2020, the federal bank regulatory agencies issued joint guidance advising that the agencies have confirmed with the staff of the Financial Accounting Standards Board ~~(FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2014-09,~~ ~~Revenue~~that short-term modifications due to COVID-19, made on a good faith basis to borrowers who were current prior to relief, are not TDRs. The CARES Act also provided relief from ~~Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).~~ ~~ASU 2014-09 requires an entity~~TDR classification for certain COVID-19 loan modifications. The Bank elected not to ~~recognize~~classify modifications that meet the ~~amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for~~criteria under either the ~~transfer of promised goods~~CARES Act or ~~services to customers. This ASU will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in GAAP when it becomes effective. ASU 2014-09 was initially effective for~~ the ~~Company's reporting period beginning on January 1, 2017. However, in August 2015,~~criteria specified by the regulatory agencies as TDRs.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU ~~2015-14,~~ ~~Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Deferral~~2020-02, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326) and Leases (Topic 842): Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 119 and Update to SEC Section on Effective Date Related to Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This ASU adds an SEC paragraph pursuant to the issuance of SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 119 on loan losses to the FASB Codification Topic 326. This ASU also updates the SEC section of the ~~Effective Date,~~ ~~which defers~~Codification for the change in the effective date of Topic 842. This ASU is effective upon addition to the FASB Codification. The Company adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) on January 1, 2019. ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) is effective on January 1, 2023 for smaller reporting companies with less than $250 million in public float as defined in the SEC’s rules (such as the Company). While the Company is currently unable to reasonably estimate the impact of adopting ASU 2016-13, it expects that the impact of adoption will be significantly influenced by ~~one year. For financial reporting purposes,~~ the standard allows for either a full retrospective or modified retrospective adoption. The FASB has also issued additional updates to provide further clarification to specific implementation issues associated with ASU 2014-09. These updates include ASU 2016-08, ~~Principal versus Agent Considerations,~~ ~~ASU 2016-10,~~ ~~Identifying Performance Obligations~~composition, characteristics and ~~Licensing,~~ ~~ASU 2016-12,~~ ~~Narrow-Scope Improvements~~quality of the Company’s loan and ~~Practical Expedients,~~securities portfolios as well as the prevailing economic conditions and ~~ASU 2016-20,~~ ~~Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606.~~ ~~Our revenue is comprised~~forecasts as of net interest income on financial assets and financial liabilities, which is explicitly excluded from the scope of ASU 2014-09, and non-interest income. We expect that ASU 2014-09 will require us to change how we recognize certain recurring revenue streams; however, we do not expect these changes to have a material impact on non-interest income. We are finalizing the adoption of ASU 2014-09 and do not expect a material impact on our financial statements. We expect to adopt the standard beginning January 1, 2018 under the modified retrospective approach with a cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings, if such adjustment is deemed to be significant.date.

In ~~February 2016,~~March 2020, the FASB issued ASU ~~2016-02,~~ ~~Leases (Topic 842).~~2020-03, Codification Improvements to Financial Instruments. The amendments in ASU ~~2016-02, among other things, require lessees~~2020-03 make narrow-scope improvements to ~~recognize~~various aspects of the ~~following for all leases (with~~financial instruments guidance, including the ~~exception of short-term leases) at the commencement date:~~

	~~A lease liability, which is a lessee's obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and~~

	~~A right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee's right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term.~~

The amendments in this ASU are effective for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The Company currently leases ten properties. The effect to the Company's financial statements will be a recordation of a lease liability and a right-of-use asset. Management has not yet quantified the lease liability and right-of-use asset and is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

~~In June 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-13,~~ ~~Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.~~ ~~The amendments in ASU 2016-13, among other things, require the measurement of all~~current expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Financial institutions and other organizations will now use forward-looking information to better inform their credit loss estimates. Many(CECL) standard issued in 2016. The ASU is part of the ~~loss estimation techniques applied today will still be permitted, although the inputs~~FASB’s ongoing Codification improvement project aimed at clarifying specific areas of accounting guidance to ~~those techniques will change~~help avoid unintended application. The items addressed in that project generally are not expected to ~~reflect the full amount of expected credit losses. In addition, ASU 2016-13 amends the~~have a significant effect on current accounting practice or create a significant administrative cost for ~~credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. The amendments are effective~~most entities. Effective dates for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early application will be permitted for all organizations for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Management is currently gathering data required to measure expected credit losses in accordance with this ASU, and will then evaluate the impact of this ASU on the Company's consolidated financial statements. While the Company has not quantified the impact of this ASU, it does expect changing from the current loss model to an expected loss model to result in an earlier recognition of losses.

~~In January 2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-01,~~ ~~Business Combinations (Topic 805) - Clarifying the Definition of a Business.~~ The amendments in ASU 2017-01 clarify the definition and provide a more robust framework to use in determining when a set of assets and activities constitutes a business. ASU 2017-01 is intended to provide guidance when evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The amendments are effective for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods.each amendment vary. The Company does not expect the adoption of this update to have a significant impact on ~~its~~the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In ~~January 2017,~~March 2020, the FASB issued ASU ~~2017-03,~~ ~~Accounting Changes~~2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848). This ASU provides temporary optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform. This ASU provides optional expedients and ~~Error Corrections (Topic 250)~~exceptions for contracts, hedging relationships, and ~~Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Amendments~~other transactions that reference LIBOR or other reference rates expected to ~~SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the September 22, 2016 and November 17, 2016 EITF Meetings.~~ ~~These amendments apply to~~be discontinued because of reference rate reform. This ASU ~~2014-9 (Revenue from Contracts with Customers), ASU 2016-02 (Leases), and ASU 2016-13 (Financial Instruments - Credit Losses).~~

Inis effective for all entities as of March ~~2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-07,~~ ~~Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost.~~12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The ~~amendments require that an employer report the service cost component~~Company is in the ~~same line item or items as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by~~process of evaluating the ~~pertinent employees during the period. The other components~~provisions of net benefit cost are required to be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost component and outside a subtotal of income from operations, if one is presented. The amendments also allow only the service cost component to be eligible for capitalization when applicable. The amendments are effective for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. The Companythis ASU, but does not expect ~~the adoption of this update~~it to have a ~~significant~~material impact on ~~its~~the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In ~~March 2017,~~January 2021, the FASB issued ASU ~~2017-08,~~ ~~Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees~~2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Scope. This ASU clarifies that certain optional expedients and ~~Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20), Premium Amortization~~exceptions in Topic 848 for contract modifications and hedge accounting apply to derivatives that are affected by the discounting transition. The ASU also amends the expedients and exceptions in Topic 848 to capture the incremental consequences of the scope clarification and to tailor the existing guidance to derivative instruments affected by the discounting transition. An entity may elect to apply ASU 2021-01 on ~~Purchased Callable Debt Securities.~~ ~~The amendments shorten~~contract modifications that change the ~~amortization~~interest rate used for margining, discounting, or contract price alignment retrospectively as of any date from the beginning of the interim period ~~for certain callable debt securities held at a premium. Specifically,~~that includes March 12, 2020, or prospectively to new modifications from any date within the ~~amendments require~~interim period that includes or is subsequent to January 7, 2021, up to the ~~premium~~date that financial statements are available to be ~~amortized~~issued. An entity may elect to apply ASU 2021-01 to eligible hedging relationships existing as of the ~~earliest call date. The amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount;~~beginning of the ~~discount continues~~interim period that includes March 12, 2020, and to ~~be amortized to maturity. The amendments are effective for public companies for annual periods~~new eligible hedging relationships entered into after the beginning ~~after December 15, 2018, including~~of the interim ~~periods within those annual periods.~~period that includes March 12, 2020. The Company is in the process of evaluating the provisions of this ASU, but does not expect ~~the adoption of this update~~it to have a ~~significant~~material impact on ~~its~~the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

3.	INVESTMENT SECURITIES

3. ~~INVESTMENT SECURITIES~~

The amortized cost, unrealized gains and losses and estimated fair values of investments in debt and other securities at ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 are summarized as ~~follows:~~follows:

(in thousands)	Amortized cost		Unrealized gains		Unrealized losses			Estimated fair value		Amortized cost		Unrealized gains		Unrealized losses			Estimated fair value

Investment securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury Securities	$	28,621	$	—	$	(81	)	$	28,540	$	47,264	$	820	$	(155	)	$	47,929
Securities of U.S. government agencies and corporations		22,363		3		(142	)		22,224		106,427		934		(2,129	)		105,232
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		24,438		275		(88	)		24,625		29,891		1,407		(207	)		31,091
Collateralized mortgage obligations		71,385		2		(1,011	)		70,376		74,735		1,796		(219	)		76,312
Mortgage-backed securities		157,764		209		(1,483	)		156,490		203,486		3,486		(1,490	)		205,482

Total debt securities	$	304,571	$	489	$	(2,805	)	$	302,255	$	461,803	$	8,443	$	(4,200	)	$	466,046

The amortized cost, unrealized gains and losses and estimated fair values of investments in debt and other securities at December 31, ~~2016~~2020 are summarized as follows:

(in thousands)	Amortized cost		Unrealized gains		Unrealized losses			Estimated fair value		Amortized cost		Unrealized gains		Unrealized losses			Estimated fair value

Investment securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury Securities	$	28,738	$	2	$	(88	)	$	28,652	$	37,910	$	982	$	(1	)	$	38,891
Securities of U.S. government agencies and corporations		24,382		2		(187	)		24,197		105,506		1,317		(265	)		106,558
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		30,870		271		(253	)		30,888		31,013		1,878		(9	)		32,882
Collateralized mortgage obligations		51,002		1		(1,065	)		49,938		71,531		1,937		(8	)		73,460
Mortgage-backed securities		144,883		280		(1,759	)		143,404		179,021		4,359		(91	)		183,289

Total debt securities	$	279,875	$	556	$	(3,352	)	$	277,079	$	424,981	$	10,473	$	(374	)	$	435,080

The Company had ~~$5,800,000~~$9,393,000 and ~~$8,537,000 in~~$20,044,000 proceeds from ~~sales/~~sales, calls and maturities of available-for-sale securities for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, respectively. ~~The Company had $10,760,000 and $31,464,000 in proceeds from~~Gross realized gains on sales/calls of available-for-sale securities were $25,000 and $84,000 for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2016.~~March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, respectively. Gross realized ~~gains~~losses on sales of available-for-sale securities were ~~$2,000~~ $35,000 and $46,000 for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017. Gross realized gains from sales of available-for-sale securities were $1,000~~March 31, 2021 and ~~$15,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016,~~March 31, 2020, respectively. Gross realized losses from sales/calls of available-for-sale securities were $0 and $(16,000) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively. Gross realized losses on sales/calls of available-for-sale securities were $(22,000) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016.

The amortized cost and estimated ~~market~~fair value of debt and other securities at ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2021, by contractual ~~and expected~~ maturity, are shown in the following ~~table:~~table:

(in thousands)	Amortized cost		Estimated fair value		Amortized cost		Estimated fair value

Maturity in years:
Due in one year or less	$	28,811	$	28,792	$	17,585	$	17,746
Due after one year through five years		41,325		41,114		82,350		83,346
Due after five years through ten years		5,286		5,483		65,385		64,322
Due after ten years		—		—		18,262		18,838
Subtotal		75,422		75,389		183,582		184,252
MBS & CMO		229,149		226,866		278,221		281,794
Total	$	304,571	$	302,255	$	461,803	$	466,046

Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. In addition, factors such as prepayments and interest rates may affect the yield on the carrying value of mortgage-related securities.

An analysis of gross unrealized losses of the available-for-sale investment securities portfolio as of ~~September 30, 2017, follows:~~March 31, 2021, follows:

	Less than 12 months					12 months or more					Total					Less than 12 months					12 months or more				Total
(in thousands)	Fair Value		Unrealized losses			Fair Value		Unrealized losses			Fair Value		Unrealized losses			Fair Value		Unrealized losses			Fair Value		Unrealized losses		Fair Value		Unrealized losses

U.S. Treasury securities	$	28,539	$	(81	)	$	—	$	—		$	28,539	$	(81	)
U.S. Treasury Securities																	19,774		(155	)		0		0		19,774		(155	)
Securities of U.S. government agencies and corporations		20,221		(142	)		—		—			20,221		(142	)	$	71,221	$	(2,129	)	$	0	$	0	$	71,221	$	(2,129	)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		12,051		(80	)		2,668		(8	)		14,719		(88	)		8,336		(207	)		0		0		8,336		(207	)
Collateralized Mortgage obligations		60,649		(865	)		7,216		(146	)		67,865		(1,011	)		11,024		(219	)		0		0		11,024		(219	)
Mortgage-backed securities		88,329		(722	)		40,835		(761	)		129,164		(1,483	)		93,314		(1,490	)		0		0		93,314		(1,490	)

Total	$	209,789	$	(1,890	)	$	50,719	$	(915	)	$	260,508	$	(2,805	)	$	203,669	$	(4,200	)	$	0	$	0	$	203,669	$	(4,200	)

No decline in value was considered ~~"other-than-temporary"~~“other-than-temporary” during the first ~~nine~~three months of ~~2017. One hundred fifty~~2021. NaN securities, all considered investment grade, which had aan aggregate fair value of ~~$209,789,000~~$203,669,000 and a total unrealized loss of ~~$1,890,000,~~$4,200,000 have been in an unrealized loss position for less than twelve months as of ~~September 30, 2017. Thirty nine~~March 31, 2021. NaN securities ~~all considered investment grade, which had a fair value of $50,719,000 and a total unrealized loss of $915,000,~~ have been in an unrealized loss position for more than twelve months as of ~~September 30, 2017.~~March 31, 2021. The ~~declines in fair value~~unrealized losses on the Company’s investment securities were ~~attributable to~~caused by market conditions for these types of investments, particularly changes in risk-free interest rates. We have evaluated the credit ratings of our investment securities and their issuer and/or insurers, and based on this evaluation have determined that no investment security in our investment portfolio was other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2017. As theThe Company does not intend to sell ~~these~~the securities and has concluded it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell these securities prior to recovery of their anticipated ~~recovery,~~cost basis. Therefore, the Company does not consider these investments ~~are not considered other-than-temporarily impaired.~~to be other than temporarily impaired as of March 31, 2021.

The fair value of investment securities could decline in the future if the general economy deteriorates, inflation increases, credit ratings decline, the issuer’s financial condition deteriorates, or the liquidity for securities declines. As a result, other than temporary impairments may occur in the future. The coronavirus pandemic and the impact of governmental health measures in response thereto may increase the likelihood of such other than temporary impairments.

An analysis of gross unrealized losses of the available-for-sale investment securities portfolio as of December 31, ~~2016,~~2020, follows:

																						Less than 12 months					12 months or more				Total
	Less than 12 months							12 months or more							Total
	Fair Value			Unrealized losses				Fair Value			Unrealized losses				Fair Value			Unrealized losses
(in thousands)																						Fair Value		Unrealized losses			Fair Value		Unrealized losses		Fair Value		Unrealized losses

U.S. Treasury Securities		$	23,564		$	(88	)		$	—		$	—			$	23,564		$	(88	)	$	4,276	$	(1	)	$	0	$	0	$	4,276	$	(1	)
Securities of U.S. government agencies and corporations			22,195			(187	)			—			—				22,195			(187	)		58,164		(265	)		0		0		58,164		(265	)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions			16,168			(245	)			996			(8	)			17,164			(253	)		1,603		(9	)		0		0		1,603		(9	)
Collateralized Mortgage obligations			49,805			(1,065	)			—			—				49,805			(1,065	)		1,697		(8	)		0		0		1,697		(8	)
Mortgage-backed securities			109,092			(1,678	)			4,829			(81	)			113,921			(1,759	)		30,208		(91	)		0		0		30,208		(91	)

Total		$	220,824		$	(3,263	)		$	5,825		$	(89	)		$	226,649		$	(3,352	)	$	95,948	$	(374	)	$	0	$	0	$	95,948	$	(374	)

Investment securities carried at ~~$34,428,000~~$40,372,000 and ~~$38,152,000~~$41,916,000 at ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016,~~2020, respectively, were pledged to secure public deposits or for other purposes as required or permitted by ~~law.~~law.

The composition of the ~~Company's~~Company’s loan portfolio, by loan class, as of ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016~~2020 was as follows:

The Company manages asset quality and credit risk by maintaining diversification in its loan portfolio and through review processes that include analysis of credit requests and ongoing examination of outstanding loans and delinquencies, with particular attention to portfolio dynamics and loan mix. The Company strives to identify loans experiencing difficulty early enough to correct the problems, to record charge-offs promptly based on realistic assessments of collectability and current collateral values and to maintain an adequate allowance for loan losses at all times. Asset quality reviews of loans and other non-performing assets are administered using credit risk rating standards and criteria similar to those employed by state and federal banking regulatory agencies.

Commercial loans, whether secured or unsecured, generally are made to support the short-term operations and other needs of small businesses. These loans are generally secured by the receivables, equipment, and other real property of the business and are susceptible to the related risks described above. Problem commercial loans are generally identified by periodic review of financial information that may include financial statements, tax returns, and payment history of the borrower. Based on this information, the Company may decide to take any of several courses of action, including demand for repayment, requiring the borrower to provide a significant principal payment and/or additional collateral or requiring similar support from guarantors. Notwithstanding, when repayment becomes unlikely based on the ~~borrower's~~borrower’s income and cash flow, repossession or foreclosure of the underlying collateral may become necessary. Collateral values may be determined by appraisals obtained through Bank-approved, licensed appraisers, qualified independent third parties, purchase invoices, or other appropriate documentation.

Commercial real estate loans generally fall into ~~two~~2 categories, owner-occupied and non-owner occupied. Loans secured by owner-occupied real estate are primarily susceptible to changes in the market conditions of the related business. This may be driven by, among other things, industry changes, geographic business changes, changes in the individual financial capacity of the business owner, general economic conditions, and changes in business cycles. These same risks apply to Commercial loans whether secured by equipment, receivables or other personal property or unsecured. Problem commercial real estate loans are generally identified by periodic review of financial information that may include financial statements, tax returns, payment history of the borrower, and site inspections. Based on this information, the Company may decide to take any of several courses of action, including demand for repayment, requiring the borrower to provide a significant principal payment and/or additional collateral or requiring similar support from guarantors. Notwithstanding, when repayment becomes unlikely based on the borrower’s income and cash flow, repossession or foreclosure of the underlying collateral may become necessary. Losses on loans secured by owner occupied real estate, equipment, or other personal property generally are dictated by the value of underlying collateral at the time of default and liquidation of the collateral. When default is driven by issues related specifically to the business owner, collateral values tend to provide better repayment support and may result in little or no loss. Alternatively, when default is driven by more general economic conditions, underlying collateral generally has devalued more and results in larger losses due to default. Loans secured by non-owner occupied real estate are primarily susceptible to risks associated with swings in occupancy or vacancy and related shifts in lease rates, rental rates or room rates. Most often, these shifts are a result of changes in general economic or market conditions or overbuilding and resulting over-supply of space. Losses are dependent on the value of underlying collateral at the time of default. Values are generally driven by these same factors and influenced by interest rates and required rates of return as well as changes in occupancy costs. Collateral values may be determined by appraisals obtained through Bank-approved, licensed appraisers, qualified independent third parties, sales invoices, or other appropriate means.

Agricultural loans, whether secured or unsecured, generally are made to producers and processors of crops and livestock. Repayment is primarily from the sale of an agricultural product or service. Agricultural loans are generally secured by inventory, receivables, equipment, and other real property. Agricultural loans primarily are susceptible to changes in market demand for specific commodities. This may be exacerbated by, among other things, industry changes, changes in the individual financial capacity of the business owner, general economic conditions and changes in business cycles, as well as adverse weather conditions such as drought or floods. Problem agricultural loans are generally identified by periodic review of financial information that may include financial statements, tax returns, crop budgets, payment history, and crop inspections. Based on this information, the Company may decide to take any of several courses of action, including demand for repayment, requiring the borrower to provide a significant principal payment and/or additional collateral or requiring similar support from guarantors. Notwithstanding, when repayment becomes unlikely based on the ~~borrower's~~borrower’s income and cash flow, repossession or foreclosure of the underlying collateral may become necessary.

Residential mortgage loans, which are secured by real estate, are primarily susceptible to four risks; non-payment due to diminished or lost income, over-extension of credit, a lack of ~~borrower's~~borrower’s cash flow to sustain payments, and shortfalls in collateral value. In general, non-payment is usually due to loss of employment and follows general economic trends in the economy, particularly the upward movement in the unemployment rate, loss of collateral value, and demand shifts.

Construction loans, whether owner-occupied or non-owner occupied residential development loans, are not only susceptible to the related risks described above but the added risks of construction, including cost over-runs, mismanagement of the project, or lack of demand and market changes experienced at time of completion. Losses are primarily related to underlying collateral value and changes therein as described above. Problem construction loans are generally identified by periodic review of financial information that may include financial statements, tax returns and payment history of the borrower. Based on this information, the Company may decide to take any of several courses of action, including demand for repayment, requiring the borrower to provide a significant principal payment and/or additional collateral or requiring similar support from guarantors, or repossession or foreclosure of the underlying collateral. Collateral values may be determined by appraisals obtained through Bank-approved, licensed appraisers, qualified independent third parties, purchase invoices, or other appropriate documentation.

Consumer loans, whether unsecured or secured, are primarily susceptible to four risks: non-payment due to diminished or lost income, over-extension of credit, a lack of ~~borrower's~~borrower’s cash flow to sustain payments, and shortfall in collateral value. In general, non-payment is usually due to loss of employment and will follow general economic trends in the economy, particularly the upward movements in the unemployment rate, loss of collateral value, and demand shifts.

Collateral values may be determined by appraisals obtained through Bank-approved, licensed appraisers, qualified independent third parties, purchase invoices, or other appropriate documentation. Collateral valuations are obtained at origination of the ~~credit~~credit. Once repayment is questionable, and the loan has been deemed classified, collateral valuations are obtained periodically ~~thereafter~~ (generally annually but may be more frequent depending on the collateral type)~~, once repayment is questionable, and the loan has been deemed classified.~~.

As of ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2021, approximately 30% in principal amount of the Company’s loans were for general commercial uses, including professional, retail and small businesses. Approximately 52% in principal amount of the ~~Company's~~Company’s loans were secured by commercial real estate, consisting primarily of loans secured by commercial properties and construction and land development loans. Approximately 6%8% in principal amount of the ~~Company's~~Company’s loans were ~~residential mortgage loans. Approximately 3%~~for agriculture, approximately 7% in principal amount of the ~~Company's~~Company’s loans were residential ~~construction loans. Approximately 15%~~mortgage loans, approximately 1% in principal amount of the ~~Company's~~Company’s loans were ~~for agriculture~~residential construction loans and ~~18%~~approximately 2% in principal amount of the ~~Company's loans were for general commercial uses including professional, retail and small businesses. Approximately 6% in principal amount of the Company's~~Company’s loans were consumer loans.

Once a loan becomes delinquent ~~and~~or repayment becomes questionable, a Company collection officer will address collateral shortfalls with the borrower and attempt to obtain additional collateral or a principal payment. If this is not forthcoming and payment of principal and interest in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement becomes unlikely, the Company will consider the loan to be impaired and will estimate its probable loss, using the present value of future cash flows discounted at the ~~loan's~~loan’s effective interest rate, the ~~loan's~~loan’s observable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. For collateral dependent loans, the Company will ~~obtain an updated~~utilize a recent valuation of the underlying collateral less estimated costs of sale, and charge-off the loan down to the estimated net realizable amount. Depending on the length of time until final collection, the Company may periodically revalue the estimated loss and take additional charge-offs or specific reserves as warranted. Revaluations may occur as often as every 3-12 months depending on the underlying collateral and volatility of values. Final charge-offs or recoveries are taken when the collateral is liquidated and the actual loss is confirmed. Unpaid balances on loans after or during collection and liquidation may also be pursued through legal action and attachment of wages or judgment liens on the ~~borrower's~~borrower’s other assets.

At ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016,~~2020, all loans were pledged under a blanket collateral lien to secure actual and potential borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank ~~("FHLB"~~(“FHLB”) ~~and the Federal Reserve Bank.~~.

Non-accrual and Past Due Loans

The ~~Company's~~Company’s loans by delinquency and non-accrual status, as of ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016,~~2020, were as follows:

($ in thousands)	Current & Accruing		30-59 Days Past Due & Accruing		60-89 Days Past Due & Accruing		90 Days or more Past Due & Accruing		Nonaccrual		Total Loans		Current & Accruing		30-59 Days Past Due & Accruing		60-89 Days Past Due & Accruing		90 Days or more Past Due & Accruing		Nonaccrual		Total Loans
September 30, 2017
March 31, 2021
Commercial	$	122,624	$	515	$	—	$	—	$	517	$	123,656	$	292,494	$	370	$	0	$	0	$	284	$	293,148
Commercial Real Estate		363,725		105		—		755		1,765		366,350		490,045		0		0		0		6,803		496,848
Agriculture		109,140		—		—		—		—		109,140		70,825		0		0		0		9,130		79,955
Residential Mortgage		42,368		351		—		—		125		42,844		70,740		224		0		0		148		71,112
Residential Construction		21,969		—		—		—		—		21,969		2,662		0		0		0		0		2,662
Consumer		39,383		42		2		—		374		39,801		18,030		0		0		0		687		18,717
Total	$	699,209	$	1,013	$	2	$	755	$	2,781	$	703,760	$	944,796	$	594	$	0	$	0	$	17,052	$	962,442

December 31, 2016
December 31, 2020
Commercial	$	121,311	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	5,000	$	126,311	$	255,563	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	363	$	255,926
Commercial Real Estate		343,186		484		—		—		540		344,210		449,178		0		0		0		4,875		454,053
Agriculture		101,905		—		—		—		—		101,905		85,918		0		0		0		9,130		95,048
Residential Mortgage		39,463		—		120		—		654		40,237		64,344		0		0		0		153		64,497
Residential Construction		23,650		—		—		—		—		23,650		4,223		0		0		0		0		4,223
Consumer		43,106		—		41		—		103		43,250		18,777		0		0		0		690		19,467
Total	$	672,621	$	484	$	161	$	—	$	6,297	$	679,563	$	878,003	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	15,211	$	893,214

Non-accrual loans amounted to ~~$2,781,000~~$17,052,000 at ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and were comprised of ~~two~~3 commercial loans totaling ~~$517,000, three~~$284,000, 4 commercial real estate loans totaling ~~$1,765,000, two~~$6,803,000, 3 agriculture loans totaling $9,130,000, 1 residential mortgage loan totaling $148,000 and 4 consumer loans totaling ~~$125,000, and one consumer loan totaling $374,000.~~$687,000. Non-accrual loans amounted to ~~$6,297,000~~$15,211,000 at December 31, ~~2016~~2020 and were comprised of ~~one~~4 commercial ~~loan~~loans totaling ~~$5,000,000, two~~$363,000, 3 commercial real estate loans totaling ~~$540,000, three~~$4,875,000, 3 agriculture loans totaling $9,130,000, 1 residential mortgage loan totaling $153,000 and 5 consumer loans totaling ~~$654,000, and one consumer loan totaling $103,000.~~$690,000. All non-accrual loans are measured for impairment based upon the present value of future cash flows discounted at the ~~loan's~~loan’s effective interest rate, the ~~loan's~~loan’s observable market price, or the fair value of collateral, if the loan is collateral dependent. If the measurement of the non-accrual loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, an impairment is recognized through the establishment of a specific reserve sufficient to cover expected losses and/or a charge-off against the allowance for loan losses. If the loan is considered to be collateral dependent, it is generally the ~~Company's~~Company’s policy to charge-off the portion of any non-accrual loan that the Company does not expect to collect by writing the loan down to the estimated net realizable value of the underlying collateral. There were no0 commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loans were on non-accrual status at ~~September 30, 2017.~~March 31, 2021. Loans with deferrals granted under Section 4013 of the CARES Act are not considered past due and/or reported as nonaccrual if deemed collectible during the deferral period. See Note 2 for discussion on policy election on loan modifications under Section 4013 of the CARES Act.

Impaired Loans

A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled interest payments. Loans to be considered for impairment include non-accrual loans, troubled debt restructurings and loans with a risk rating of ~~6 (substandard)~~5 (special mention) or ~~worse.~~worse and an aggregate exposure of $500,000 or more. Once identified, impaired loans are measured individually for impairment using one of three methods: present value of expected cash flows discounted at the ~~loan's~~loan’s effective interest rate; the ~~loan's~~loan’s observable market price; or fair value of collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. In general, any portion of the recorded investment in a collateral dependent loan in excess of the fair value of the collateral that can be identified as uncollectible, and is, therefore, deemed a confirmed loss, is promptly charged-off against the allowance for loan losses.

Impaired loans, segregated by loan class, as of ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016~~2020 were as follows:

($ in thousands)	Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance		Recorded Investment with no Allowance		Recorded Investment with Allowance		Total Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance		Recorded Investment with no Allowance		Recorded Investment with Allowance		Total Recorded Investment		Related Allowance
September 30, 2017
March 31, 2021
Commercial	$	3,297	$	517	$	2,660	$	3,177	$	59	$	335	$	284	$	0	$	284	$	0
Commercial Real Estate		2,888		1,765		1,031		2,796		40		7,158		6,803		0		6,803		0
Agriculture		—		—		—		—		—		9,189		1,365		7,765		9,130		3,964
Residential Mortgage		2,653		125		2,300		2,425		564		1,035		148		876		1,024		155
Residential Construction		659		—		659		659		79		255		0		255		255		4
Consumer		589		374		215		589		4		771		687		64		751		1
Total	$	10,086	$	2,781	$	6,865	$	9,646	$	746	$	18,743	$	9,287	$	8,960	$	18,247	$	4,124

December 31, 2016
December 31, 2020
Commercial	$	5,578	$	—	$	5,578	$	5,578	$	898	$	1,087	$	363	$	661	$	1,024	$	11
Commercial Real Estate		885		540		283		823		39		5,146		4,875		0		4,875		0
Agriculture		—		—		—		—		—		9,189		1,365		7,765		9,130		2,093
Residential Mortgage		3,392		654		2,380		3,034		584		1,046		153		883		1,036		159
Residential Construction		820		—		820		820		98		684		0		652		652		83
Consumer		708		103		601		704		25		773		690		64		754		1
Total	$	11,383	$	1,297	$	9,662	$	10,959	$	1,644	$	17,925	$	7,446	$	10,025	$	17,471	$	2,347

The average recorded investment in impaired loans and the amount of interest income recognized on impaired loans during the three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and ~~September 30, 2016~~March 31, 2020 was as follows:

($ in thousands)	Three Months Ended September 30, 2017				Three Months Ended September 30, 2016				Three Months Ended March 31, 2021				Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
Commercial	$	3,359	$	91	$	3,232	$	6	$	654	$	1	$	1,557	$	21
Commercial Real Estate		2,164		4		857		4		5,839		0		735		4
Agriculture		—		—		—		—		9,130		0		0		0
Residential Mortgage		2,438		23		2,973		24		1,030		8		1,079		9
Residential Construction		732		9		982		12		453		4		686		9
Consumer		590		3		768		9		753		1		332		1
Total	$	9,283	$	130	$	8,812	$	55	$	17,859	$	14	$	4,389	$	44

~~The average recorded investment in impaired loans and the amount of interest income recognized on impaired loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016 was as follows:~~

The ~~Company's~~Company’s loan portfolio includes certain loans that have been modified in a Troubled Debt Restructuring ~~("TDR"~~(“TDR”), which are loans on which concessions in terms have been granted because of the ~~borrowers'~~borrowers’ financial difficulties and, as a result, the Company receives less than the current market-based compensation for the loan. These concessions may include reductions in the interest rate, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance, or other actions. Certain TDRs are placed on non-accrual status at the time of restructure and may ~~only~~ be returned to accruing status after considering the ~~borrower's~~borrower’s sustained repayment performance for a reasonable period, generallysix ~~months.~~months.

When a loan is modified, it is measured based upon the present value of future cash flows discounted at the contractual interest rate of the original loan agreement, or the fair value of collateral less selling costs if the loan is collateral dependent. If the value of the modified loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, impairment is recognized through a specific allowance or a charge-off of the loan.

The Company had ~~$6,484,000~~$1,195,000 and ~~$9,663,000~~$2,325,000 in TDR loans as of ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016,~~2020, respectively. Specific reserves for TDR loans totaled ~~$743,000~~$160,000 and ~~$1,644,000~~$253,000 as of ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016,~~2020, respectively. TDR loans performing in compliance with modified terms totaled ~~$6,110,000~~$1,195,000 and ~~$4,662,000~~$2,260,000 as of ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016,~~2020, respectively. There were no0 commitments to advance additional funds on existing TDR loans as of ~~September 30, 2017.~~March 31, 2021.

~~Loans modified~~On March 22, 2020, the Federal bank regulatory agencies issued joint guidance advising that the agencies have confirmed with the staff of the Financial Accounting Standards Board that short-term modifications due to COVID-19, made on a good faith basis to borrowers who were current prior to relief, are not TDRs. The CARES Act also provided relief from TDR classification for certain COVID-19 loan modifications. The Bank elected not to classify modifications that meet the criteria under either the CARES Act or the criteria specified by the regulatory agencies as ~~TDRs during the three months ended September 30, 2017 were as follows:~~TDRs.

There were no0 loans modified as TDRs during the ~~three months~~three-month periods ended ~~September 30, 2016.~~March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Loan modifications generally involve reductions in the interest rate, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, or forbearance. The commercial loan that was modified as TDR during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2017 involved a payment extension. The commercial loan that was modified as TDR during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2016 involved a reduction of the loan amount. There were no0 loans modified as a TDR within the previous 12twelve months and for which there was a payment default during the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and ~~September 30, 2016.~~March 31, 2020.

Credit Quality Indicators

All loans are rated using the credit risk ratings and criteria adopted by the Company. Risk ratings are adjusted as future circumstances warrant. All credits risk rated 1, 2, 3 or 4 equate to a Pass as indicated by Federal and State bank regulatory agencies; a 5 equates to a Special Mention; a 6 equates to Substandard; a 7 equates to Doubtful; and an 8 equates to a Loss. For the definitions of each risk rating, see Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2016.~~2020.

The following table presents the risk ratings by loan class as of ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016:~~2020:

($ in thousands)	Pass		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Loss		Total		Pass		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Loss		Total
September 30, 2017
March 31, 2021
Commercial	$	115,345	$	7,518	$	793	$	—	$	—	$	123,656	$	282,088	$	9,985	$	1,075	$	0	$	0	$	293,148
Commercial Real Estate		352,396		11,434		2,520		—		—		366,350		479,879		4,189		12,780		0		0		496,848
Agriculture		105,941		3,154		45		—		—		109,140		68,576		0		3,614		7,765		0		79,955
Residential Mortgage		41,132		1,579		133		—		—		42,844		70,648		0		464		0		0		71,112
Residential Construction		21,969		—		—		—		—		21,969		2,662		0		0		0		0		2,662
Consumer		38,888		500		413		—		—		39,801		17,950		0		767		0		0		18,717
Total	$	675,671	$	24,185	$	3,904	$	—	$	—	$	703,760	$	921,803	$	14,174	$	18,700	$	7,765	$	0	$	962,442

December 31, 2016
December 31, 2020
Commercial	$	112,656	$	7,294	$	6,361	$	—	$	—	$	126,311	$	244,327	$	10,731	$	868	$	0	$	0	$	255,926
Commercial Real Estate		331,653		11,058		1,499		—		—		344,210		431,381		9,255		13,417		0		0		454,053
Agriculture		101,820		—		85		—		—		101,905		83,493		0		11,555		0		0		95,048
Residential Mortgage		37,831		1,751		655		—		—		40,237		64,018		0		479		0		0		64,497
Residential Construction		23,070		436		144		—		—		23,650		4,223		0		0		0		0		4,223
Consumer		41,826		547		877		—		—		43,250		18,697		0		770		0		0		19,467
Total	$	648,856	$	21,086	$	9,621	$	—	$	—	$	679,563	$	846,139	$	19,986	$	27,089	$	0	$	0	$	893,214

Allowance for Loan Losses

The following tables detail activity in the allowance for loan losses ~~by loan class for~~and the ~~three and nine months ended September 30, 2017.~~

Three months ended September 30, 2017
($ in thousands) Commercial
Commercial
Real Estate
Agriculture
Residential
Mortgage

Residential
Construction
Consumer Unallocated Total
Balance as of June 30, 2017 $ 3,060 $ 4,883 $ 1,375 $ 677 $ 477 $ 378 $ 870 $ 11,720
Provision for loan losses (547 ) 577 101 (21 ) (56 ) 40 (94 ) —

Charge-offs (220 ) — — — — (9 ) — (229 )
Recoveries 26 — — 6 2 38 — 72
Net (charge-offs) recoveries (194 ) — — 6 2 29 — (157 )
Balance as of September 30, 2017 $ 2,319 $ 5,460 $ 1,476 $ 662 $ 423 $ 447 $ 776 $ 11,563

Nine months ended September 30, 2017
($ in thousands) Commercial
Commercial
Real Estate
Agriculture
Residential
Mortgage

Residential
Construction
Consumer Unallocated Total
Balance as of December 31, 2016 $ 3,571 $ 3,910 $ 1,262 $ 660 $ 440 $ 498 $ 558 $ 10,899
Provision for loan losses (1,181 ) 1,550 214 (94 ) (21 ) (86 ) 218 600

Charge-offs (220 ) — — — — (25 ) — (245 )
Recoveries 149 — — 96 4 60 — 309
Net (charge-offs) recoveries (71 ) — — 96 4 35 — 64
Balance as of September 30, 2017 $ 2,319 $ 5,460 $ 1,476 $ 662 $ 423 $ 447 $ 776 $ 11,563

~~The following table details the allowance for loan losses~~amount allocated to loans individually and collectively evaluated for impairment by loan class ~~as of September 30, 2017.~~

($ in thousands) Commercial
Commercial
Real Estate
Agriculture
Residential
Mortgage

Residential
Construction
Consumer Unallocated Total
Period-end amount allocated to:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 59 $ 40 $ — $ 564 $ 79 $ 4 $ — $ 746
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 2,260 5,420 1,476 98 344 443 776 10,817
Ending Balance $ 2,319 $ 5,460 $ 1,476 $ 662 $ 423 $ 447 $ 776 $ 11,563

~~The following table details activity in the allowance for loan losses by loan class~~ for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2016.~~March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020:

Three months ended September 30, 2016
($ in thousands) Commercial
Commercial
Real Estate
Agriculture
Residential
Mortgage

Residential
Construction
Consumer Unallocated Total
Balance as of June 30, 2016 $ 3,175 $ 3,584 $ 1,150 $ 690 $ 390 $ 555 $ 486 $ 10,030
Provision for loan losses 556 92 56 (25 ) 7 (36 ) (200 ) 450

Charge-offs (187 ) — — — — (17 ) — (204 )
Recoveries 6 — — — 2 11 — 19
Net (charge-offs) recoveries (181 ) — — — 2 (6 ) — (185 )
Balance as of September 30, 2016 $ 3,550 $ 3,676 $ 1,206 $ 665 $ 399 $ 513 $ 286 $ 10,295

Three months ended March 31, 2021
($ in thousands)	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Agriculture		Residential Mortgage		Residential Construction			Consumer			Unallocated		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2020	$	2,252		$	7,915		$	3,834	$	635	$	128		$	214		$	438	$	15,416
Provision for (reversal of) loan losses		(779	)		(354	)		1,337		45		(91	)		(30	)		172		300

Charge-offs		(13	)		0			0		0		0			(3	)		0		(16	)
Recoveries		8			0			0		0		0			5			0		13
Net charge-offs		(5	)		0			0		0		0			2			0		(3	)
Balance as of March 31, 2021	$	1,468		$	7,561		$	5,171	$	680	$	37		$	186		$	610	$	15,713
Period-end amount allocated to:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment		0			0			3,964		155		4			1			0		4,124
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		1,468			7,561			1,207		525		33			185			610		11,589
Balance as of March 31, 2021	$	1,468		$	7,561		$	5,171	$	680	$	37		$	186		$	610	$	15,713

Nine months ended September 30, 2016
($ in thousands) Commercial
Commercial
Real Estate
Agriculture
Residential
Mortgage

Residential
Construction
Consumer Unallocated Total
Balance as of December 31, 2015 $ 3,097 $ 3,343 $ 1,060 $ 739 $ 334 $ 641 $ 37 $ 9,251
Provision for loan losses 836 348 65 (75 ) 61 (134 ) 249 1,350

Charge-offs (417 ) (15 ) — — — (52 ) — (484 )
Recoveries 34 — 81 1 4 58 — 178
Net (charge-offs) recoveries (383 ) (15 ) 81 1 4 6 — (306 )
Balance as of September 30, 2016 $ 3,550 $ 3,676 $ 1,206 $ 665 $ 399 $ 513 $ 286 $ 10,295

Three months ended March 31, 2020
($ in thousands)	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate		Agriculture			Residential Mortgage		Residential Construction		Consumer			Unallocated			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2019	$	2,354		$	6,846	$	2,054		$	466	$	201	$	236		$	199		$	12,356
Provision for (reversal of) loan losses		386			560		(266	)		70		59		18			(177	)		650

Charge-offs		(145	)		0		0			0		0		(9	)		0			(154	)
Recoveries		11			0		0			0		0		6			0			17
Net charge-offs		(134	)		0		0			0		0		(3	)		0			(137	)
Balance as of March 31, 2020	$	2,606		$	7,406	$	1,788		$	536	$	260	$	251		$	22		$	12,869
Period-end amount allocated to:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment		21			19		0			168		49		2			0			259
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		2,585			7,387		1,788			368		211		249			22			12,610
Balance as of March 31, 2020	$	2,606		$	7,406	$	1,788		$	536	$	260	$	251		$	22		$	12,869

~~The following table details the allowance for loan losses allocated to loans individually and collectively evaluated for impairment by loan class as of September 30, 2016.~~

($ in thousands) Commercial
Commercial
Real Estate
Agriculture
Residential
Mortgage

Residential
Construction
Consumer Unallocated Total
Period-end amount allocated to:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 906 $ 40 $ — $ 591 $ 105 $ 38 $ — $ 1,680
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 2,644 3,636 1,206 74 294 475 286 8,615
Ending Balance $ 3,550 $ 3,676 $ 1,206 $ 665 $ 399 $ 513 $ 286 $ 10,295

Index

The following table details activity in the allowance for loan losses and the amount allocated to loans individually and collectively evaluated for impairment by loan class as of and for the ~~year~~period ended December 31, ~~2016.~~2020.

Year ended December 31, 2020
($ in thousands)	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate		Agriculture		Residential Mortgage		Residential Construction			Consumer			Unallocated		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2019	$	2,354		$	6,846	$	2,054	$	466	$	201		$	236		$	199	$	12,356
Provision for (reversal of) loan losses		(91	)		1,069		1,780		169		(73	)		(43	)		239		3,050

Charge-offs		(212	)		0		0		0		0			(15	)		0		(227	)
Recoveries		201			0		0		0		0			36			0		237
Net recoveries		(11	)		0		0		0		0			21			0		10
Ending Balance		2,252			7,915		3,834		635		128			214			438		15,416
Period-end amount allocated to:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment		11			0		2,093		159		83			1			0		2,347
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		2,241			7,915		1,741		476		45			213			438		13,069
Balance as of December 31, 2020	$	2,252		$	7,915	$	3,834	$	635	$	128		$	214		$	438	$	15,416

~~Year ended December 31, 2016~~

($ in thousands) Commercial
Commercial
Real Estate
Agriculture
Residential
Mortgage

Residential
Construction
Consumer Unallocated Total
Balance as of December 31, 2015 $ 3,097 $ 3,343 $ 1,060 $ 739 $ 334 $ 641 $ 37 $ 9,251
Provision for loan losses 883 582 121 (67 ) 101 (341 ) 521 1,800

Charge-offs (446 ) (15 ) — (13 ) — (65 ) — (539 )
Recoveries 37 — 81 1 5 263 — 387
Net (charge-offs) recoveries (409 ) (15 ) 81 (12 ) 5 198 — (152 )
Ending Balance $ 3,571 $ 3,910 $ 1,262 $ 660 $ 440 $ 498 $ 558 $ 10,899
Period-end amount allocated to:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 898 $ 39 $ — $ 584 $ 98 $ 25 $ — $ 1,644
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 2,673 3,871 1,262 76 342 473 558 9,255
Balance as of December 31, 2016 $ 3,571 $ 3,910 $ 1,262 $ 660 $ 440 $ 498 $ 558 $ 10,899

The ~~Company's~~Company’s investment in loans as of ~~September 30, 2017, September 30, 2016,~~March 31, 2021, March 31, 2020, and December 31, ~~2016~~2020 related to each balance in the allowance for loan losses by loan class and disaggregated on the basis of the ~~Company's~~Company’s impairment methodology was as follows:

($ in thousands)	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Agriculture		Residential Mortgage		Residential Construction		Consumer		Total			Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Agriculture		Residential Mortgage		Residential Construction		Consumer		Total
September 30, 2017
March 31, 2021															March 31, 2021
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	3,177	$	2,796	$	—	$	2,425	$	659	$	589	$	9,646		$	284	$	6,803	$	9,130	$	1,024	$	255	$	751	$	18,247
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		120,479		363,554		109,140		40,419		21,310		39,212		694,114			292,864		490,045		70,825		70,088		2,407		17,966		944,195
Ending Balance	$	123,656	$	366,350	$	109,140	$	42,844	$	21,969	$	39,801	$	703,760		$	293,148	$	496,848	$	79,955	$	71,112	$	2,662	$	18,717	$	962,442

September 30, 2016
March 31, 2020															March 31, 2020
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	5,647	$	845	$	—	$	2,961	$	976	$	763	$	11,192		$	1,462	$	756	$	0	$	1,075	$	681	$	330	$	4,304
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		122,192		321,777		97,257		38,719		19,620		42,789		642,354			111,884		451,855		94,303		65,109		18,405		24,705		766,261
Ending Balance	$	127,839	$	322,622	$	97,257	$	41,680	$	20,596	$	43,552	$	653,546		$	113,346	$	452,611	$	94,303	$	66,184	$	19,086	$	25,035	$	770,565

December 31, 2016
December 31, 2020															December 31, 2020
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	5,578	$	823	$	—	$	3,034	$	820	$	704	$	10,959		$	1,024	$	4,875	$	9,130	$	1,036	$	652	$	754	$	17,471
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		120,733		343,387		101,905		37,203		22,830		42,546		668,604			254,902		449,178		85,918		63,461		3,571		18,713		875,743
Ending Balance	$	126,311	$	344,210	$	101,905	$	40,237	$	23,650	$	43,250	$	679,563		$	255,926	$	454,053	$	95,048	$	64,497	$	4,223	$	19,467	$	893,214

Index

5. ~~MORTGAGE OPERATIONS~~

5.	MORTGAGE OPERATIONS

Transfers and servicing of financial assets and extinguishments of liabilities are accounted for and reported based on consistent application of a financial-components approach that focuses on control. Transfers of financial assets that are sales are distinguished from transfers that are secured borrowings. Retained ~~interests (mortgage~~ servicing ~~rights) in~~rights on loans sold are measured by allocating the previous carrying amount of the transferred assets between the loans sold and retained ~~interests,~~interest, if any, based on their relative fair value at the date of transfer. Fair values are estimated using discounted cash flows based on a current market interest rate.

The Company recognizes a gain and a related asset for the fair value of the rights to service loans for others when loans are sold. The Company sold ~~substantially~~a substantial portion of its ~~entire~~ portfolio of conforming long-term residential mortgage loans originated during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 for cash proceeds equal to the fair value of the loans. At March 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, the Company serviced real estate mortgage loans for others totaling $207,204,000 and $206,208,000, respectively.

The recorded value of mortgage servicing rights ~~is included in other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, and~~ is amortized in proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing revenues. The Company assesses capitalized mortgage servicing rights for impairment based upon the fair value of those rights at each reporting date. For purposes of measuring impairment, the rights are stratified based upon the product type, term and interest rates. Fair value is determined by discounting estimated net future cash flows from mortgage servicing activities using discount rates that approximate current market rates and estimated prepayment rates, among other assumptions. The amount of impairment recognized, if any, is the amount by which the capitalized mortgage servicing rights for a stratum exceeds their fair value. Impairment, if any, is recognized through a valuation allowance for each individual stratum. Changes in the carrying amount of mortgage servicing rights are reported in earnings under other operating income on the condensed consolidated statements of income.

Key assumptions used in measuring the fair value of mortgage servicing rights as of ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016~~2020 were as follows:

	September 30, 2017			December 31, 2016			March 31, 2021			December 31, 2020

Constant prepayment rate		11.11	%		12.67	%		16.33	%		20.22	%
Discount rate		10.02	%		10.02	%		10.00	%		10.00	%
Weighted average life (years)		5.91			5.51			4.79			3.96

At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company's mortgage loans held-for-sale were $1,811,000 and $3,326,000, respectively. At September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, the Company serviced real estate mortgage loans for others totaling $224,961,000 and $231,310,000, respectively.

The following table summarizes the ~~Company's~~Company’s mortgage servicing rights assets as of ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016.~~2020. Mortgage servicing rights are included in Interest Receivable and Other Assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets:

	(in thousands)														(in thousands)
	December 31, 2016				Additions			Reductions				September 30, 2017			December 31, 2020			Additions		Reductions			March 31, 2021

Mortgage servicing rights		$	1,815			$	161		$	(252	)		$	1,724	$	1,628		$	206	$	(108	)	$	1,726
Valuation allowance			(21	)			—			21				—		(386	)		0		123			(263	)
Mortgage servicing rights, net of valuation allowance		$	1,794			$	161		$	(231	)		$	1,724	$	1,242		$	206	$	15		$	1,463

At ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016,~~2020, the estimated fair market value of the ~~Company's~~Company’s mortgage servicing rights asset was ~~$1,825,000~~$1,463,000 and ~~$1,794,000,~~ $1,242,000, respectively. The changes in fair value of mortgage servicing rights during 2021 was primarily due to changes in prepayment speeds.

The Company received contractually specified servicing fees of ~~$142,000~~$134,000 and ~~$147,000~~$131,000 for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and ~~September 30, 2016, respectively. The Company received contractually specified servicing fees of $434,000 and $444,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016,~~March 31, 2020, respectively. Contractually specified servicing fees are included in ~~non-interest~~loan servicing income on the condensed consolidated statements of income, net of the amortization of the mortgage servicing rights asset.

6. ~~FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS~~

The Company utilizes fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. Securities available-for-sale and trading securities are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, the Company may be required to record at fair value other assets on a non-recurring basis, such as loans held-for-sale, loans held-for-investment and certain other assets. These non-recurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of lower of cost or market accounting or write-downs of individual assets. Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are recognized on the actual date of the event or circumstances that caused the transfer, which generally corresponds with the ~~Company's~~Company’s quarterly valuation process.

Assets Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The table below presents the recorded amount of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of ~~September 30, 2017:~~March 31, 2021:

There were no0 transfers of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis between level 1 and level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

The table below presents the recorded amount of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, ~~2016:~~2020:

Assets Recorded at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

Assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis are included in the table below by level within the fair value hierarchy as of ~~September 30, 2017:~~

(in thousands)
September 30, 2017 Carrying Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Impaired loans $ 517 $ — $ — $ 517
Total assets at fair value $ 517 $ — $ — $ 517

~~Assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis are included in the table below by level within the fair value hierarchy as of~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016:~~2020:

	(in thousands)
December 31, 2016	Carrying Value			Level 1			Level 2			Level 3
(in thousands)
March 31, 2021													Carrying Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Impaired loans		$	4,128		$	—		$	—		$	4,128	$	3,867	$	0	$	0	$	3,867
Loan servicing rights			1,794			—			—			1,794
Mortgage servicing rights														1,463		0		0		1,463
Total assets at fair value		$	5,922		$	—		$	—		$	5,922	$	5,330	$	0	$	0	$	5,330

(in thousands)
December 31, 2020	Carrying Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Impaired loans	$	5,700	$	0	$	0	$	5,700
Mortgage servicing rights		1,242		0		0		1,242
Total assets at fair value	$	6,942	$	0	$	0	$	6,942

There were no0 liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis ~~at September 30, 2017~~as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016.~~2020.

Key methods and assumptions used in measuring the fair value of impaired loans ~~and loan servicing rights~~ as of ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016~~2020 were as ~~follows:~~follows:

	Method		Assumption Inputs

Impaired loans	Collateral, market, income, enterprise, ~~liquidation~~ and ~~discounted Cash Flows~~	liquidation	External appraised values, management assumptions regarding market trends or other relevant ~~factors;~~factors, and selling costs generally ranging from 6% to 7%10%.
~~Loan~~
Mortgage servicing rights	Discounted cash flows		Present value of expected future cash flows was estimated using a discount rate factor of ~~10.02%~~10.00% as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016.~~2020. A constant prepayment rate of ~~12.67%~~16.33% and 20.22% as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016~~2020, respectively, was utilized.

The following section describes the valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value.

Investment Securities Available-for-Sale

Investment securities available-for-sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based upon quoted market prices, if available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are measured using independent pricing models or other model-based valuation techniques such as the present value of future cash flows, adjusted for the ~~security's~~security’s credit rating, prepayment assumptions, and other factors such as credit loss assumptions. Level 1 securities include those traded on an active exchange, such as the New York Stock Exchange, U.S. Treasury securities that are traded by dealers or brokers in active over-the-counter markets and money market funds. Level 2 securities include mortgage-backed securities issued by government sponsored entities, municipal bonds and corporate debt securities. Securities classified as Level 3 include asset-backed securities in less liquid markets where valuations include significant unobservable assumptions.

~~Loans Held-for-Sale~~

Loans held-for-sale are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. The fair value of loans held-for-sale is based on what secondary markets are currently offering for portfolios with similar characteristics. As such, the Company classifies loans subjected to non-recurring fair value adjustments as Level 2. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were no loans held-for-sale that required a write-down.

Impaired Loans

The Company does not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. However, from time to time, a loan is considered ~~impaired and an allowance for loan losses is established.~~impaired. Loans for which it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement are considered impaired. Once a loan is identified as individually impaired, the Company measures impairment. The fair value of impaired loans is estimated using one of several methods, including ~~collateral value, market~~the present value of similar debt, enterprise value, liquidation value and discounted cash flows. Inputs include external appraised values, management assumptions regarding market trends or other relevant factors, selling and commission costs generally ranging from 6% to 7%, and amount and timing ofexpected cash flows ~~based upon current discount rates.~~discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s observable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. Those impaired loans not requiring ancharge-off or specific allowance represent loans for which the fair value of the expected repayments or collateral exceed the recorded investments in such loans.

At ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2021, certain impaired loans were considered collateral dependent and were evaluated based on the fair value of the underlying collateral securing the loan. Impaired loans where ~~an allowance~~a charge-off is ~~established~~recorded based on the fair value of collateral require classification in the fair value hierarchy. When a loan is evaluated based on the fair value of the underlying collateral securing the loan, the Company records the impaired loan as non-recurring Level 3.3 given the valuation includes significant unobservable assumptions.

~~Other Real Estate Owned~~

~~Other real estate assets ("OREO") acquired through, or in lieu of, foreclosure~~

Index

Mortgage Servicing Rights

Mortgage servicing rights (MSRs) are ~~held-for-sale and~~subject to impairment testing. All mortgage servicing rights are initially measured and recorded at ~~the lower of cost or fair value, less selling costs. Any write-downs to~~ fair value at the time ~~of transfer to OREO~~loans are charged to the allowance for loan losses. Appraisals or evaluations are then done periodically thereafter charging any additional write-downs or valuation allowances to the appropriate expense accounts. Values are derived from appraisals of underlying collateral and discounted cash flow analysis. OREO is classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were no OREO that required a write-down.

~~Loan Servicing Rights~~

~~Loan servicing rights are subject to impairment testing.~~sold. The ~~Company utilizes a third party service provider to calculate the~~ fair value of MSRs is determined based on the ~~Company's loan servicing rights. Loan servicing rights are measured~~price that would be received to sell the MSRs in an orderly transaction between market participants at ~~fair value as of~~ the ~~date of sale. The Company uses quoted market prices when available.~~measurement date. Subsequent fair value measurements are determined using a discounted cash flow model. In order to determine the fair value of the ~~loan~~mortgage servicing rights, the present value of expected future cash flows is estimated. Assumptions used include market discount rates, anticipated prepayment speeds, delinquency and foreclosure rates, and ancillary fee income. At March 31, 2021, the discount rate and constant prepayment rate used in measuring the fair value of the Company’s mortgage servicing rights was 10.00% and 16.33%, respectively.

The model used to calculate the fair value of the ~~Company's loan~~Company’s mortgage servicing rights is periodically ~~validated by an independent external model validation group.~~validated. The model assumptions and the ~~loan~~mortgage servicing rights fair value estimates are also compared to observable trades of similar portfolios as well as to ~~loan~~mortgage servicing rights broker valuations and industry surveys, as available. If the valuation model reflects a value less than the carrying value, ~~loan~~mortgage servicing rights are adjusted to fair value through a valuation allowance as determined by the model. As such, the Company classifies ~~loan~~mortgage servicing rights subjected to non-recurring fair value adjustments as Level 3.

Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The estimated fair values of the ~~Company's~~Company’s financial instruments for the periods ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016~~2020 were approximately as follows:

September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Level Carrying amount Fair value Carrying amount Fair value

Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents 1 $ 150,156 $ 150,156 $ 159,643 $ 159,643
Certificates of deposit 2 3,968 3,970 16,213 16,230
Stock in Federal Home Loan Bank and other equity securities 3 5,567 5,567 4,409 4,409
Loans receivable:
Net loans 3 693,066 693,497 669,770 669,437
Loans held-for-sale 2 1,811 1,846 3,326 3,363
Interest receivable 2 4,083 4,083 3,996 3,996
Mortgage servicing rights 3 1,724 1,825 1,794 1,794
Financial liabilities:
Deposits 3 1,080,832 997,316 1,063,696 1,001,460
Interest payable 2 95 95 78 78

~~The following section describes the valuation methodologies used by the Company for estimating fair value of financial instruments not recorded at fair value on the Balance Sheet.~~

~~Cash and Cash Equivalents~~

The carrying amounts reported in the condensed consolidated balance sheets for cash and short-term instruments are a reasonable estimate of fair value. The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the relatively short term between the origination of the instrument and its expected realization. Therefore, the Company believes the measurement of fair value of cash and cash equivalents is derived from Level 1 inputs.

~~Certificates of Deposit~~

The Company measures the fair value of Certificates of deposit using Level 2 inputs. The fair values of Certificates of deposit were derived by discounting their future expected cash flows back to their present values based upon a constant maturity curve. The constant maturity curve is based on similar instruments, taking into account factors such as instrument type, coupon type, currency, issuer, sector, country of issuer, credit rating, and prevailing market conditions. The Company believes these inputs fall under Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

~~Other Equity Securities~~

The carrying amounts reported in the condensed consolidated balance sheets approximate fair value as the shares can only be redeemed by the issuing institution. The Company believes the measurement of the fair value of other equity securities is derived from Level 3 inputs.

~~Loans Receivable~~

For variable-rate loans that reprice frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values. The fair values for other loans (e.g., commercial real estate and rental property mortgage loans, commercial and industrial loans, and agricultural loans) are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality. The allowance for loan losses is considered to be a reasonable estimate of loan discount due to credit risks. Given that the estimation of expected credit losses involves management estimates for assumptions that are not directly observable in a market, the Company believes the fair value of loans receivable is derived from Level 3 inputs.

~~Interest Receivable and Payable~~

The carrying amount of interest receivable and payable approximates its fair value. The Company believes the measurement of the fair value of interest receivable and payable is derived from Level 2 inputs.

~~Deposit Liabilities~~

The Company measures fair value of deposits using both observable and unobservable inputs. The fair value of deposits were derived by discounting their expected future cash flows back to their present values based on the FHLB yield curve, and their expected decay rates for non-maturing deposits. The Company is able to obtain FHLB yield curve rates as of the measurement date, and believes these inputs fall under Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Decay rates were developed through internal analysis, and are supported by recent years of the Bank's transaction history. The inputs used by the Company to derive the decay rate assumptions are unobservable inputs, and therefore fall under Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

			March 31, 2021				December 31, 2020
	Level		Carrying amount		Fair value		Carrying amount		Fair value

Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		1	$	294,429	$	294,429	$	267,177	$	267,177
Certificates of deposit		2		14,718		15,147		16,923		17,455
Stock in Federal Home Loan Bank and other equity securities		3		6,480		6,480		6,480		6,480
Loans receivable:
Net loans		3		942,404		890,520		875,830		830,448
Loans held-for-sale		2		8,406		8,467		9,190		9,522
Interest receivable		2		4,848		4,848		5,099		5,099
Mortgage servicing rights		3		1,463		1,463		1,242		1,242
Financial liabilities:
Deposits		3		1,607,037		1,588,013		1,478,162		1,457,051
Federal Home Loan Bank advances		2		5,000		4,999		5,000		4,996
Interest payable		2		64		64		59		59

Limitations

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial ~~instrument.~~instrument and expected exit prices. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the ~~Company's~~Company’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. Because no market exists for a significant portion of the ~~Company's~~Company’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments, and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

Fair value estimates are based on existing on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments. Other significant assets and liabilities that are not considered financial assets or liabilities include deferred tax liabilities and premises and equipment. In addition, the tax ramifications related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on fair value estimates and have not been considered in many of the estimates.

7.~~FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS WITH OFF-BALANCE SHEET RISK~~

The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit in the form of loans or through standby letters of credit. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the balance sheet. The contract amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of involvement the Company has in particular classes of financial instruments.

The ~~Bank's~~Bank’s exposure to credit loss in the event of non-performance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual notional amount of those instruments. The Bank uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.

Financial instruments, whose contract amounts represent credit risk at the indicated periods, were as follows:

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Bank evaluates each ~~customer's~~customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Bank upon extension of credit, is based on ~~management's~~management’s credit evaluation. Collateral held varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant and equipment, and income-producing commercial properties.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Bank to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. The Bank issues both financial and performance standby letters of credit. The financial standby letters of credit are primarily to guarantee payment to third parties. At ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016,~~2020, there were no financial standby letters of credit outstanding. The performance standby letters of credit are typically issued to municipalities as specific performance bonds. Performance standby letters of credit totaled ~~$2,331,000~~$2,878,000 and ~~$3,518,000~~ $1,731,000 at ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016,~~2020, respectively. The Bank has experienced no 0 draws on ~~these~~outstanding letters of credit, resulting in no0 related liability included on ~~their~~its balance ~~sheet,~~sheet; however, should a triggering event occur, the Bank either has collateral in excess of the letter of credit or imbedded agreements of recourse from the customer. The Bank has set aside a reserve for unfunded commitments in the amount of ~~$850,000~~ $750,000 and $950,000 at ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016,~~2020, respectively, which is recorded in ~~"interest~~“interest payable and other ~~liabilities"~~liabilities” on the Condensed Consolidated Balance ~~Sheets~~.Sheets.

Commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit bear similar credit risk characteristics as outstanding loans. As of ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016,~~2020, the Company had no 0 off-balance sheet derivatives requiring additional disclosure.

Mortgage loans sold to investors may be sold with servicing rights retained, for which the Company makes only standard legal representations and warranties as to meeting certain underwriting and collateral documentation standards. In the past two years, the ~~number of loans the~~ Company has not had to repurchase any loans due to deficiencies in underwriting or loan ~~documentation is not significant.~~documentation. Management believes that any liabilities that may result from such recourse provisions are not significant.

On January ~~26, 2017,~~27, 2021, the Board of Directors of the Company declared a 4%5% stock dividend ~~payable~~paid on March 25, 2021 to shareholders of record as of ~~March 31, 2017.~~February 26, 2021. All stock options and restricted stock outstanding have been adjusted to give retroactive effect to stock dividends.

The following table presents the activity related to stock options for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2017.~~March 31, 2021:

The ~~following table presents~~intrinsic value of options exercised was $63,000 and $96,000 during the ~~activity related to stock options for the nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017.~~

As of ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2021, there was ~~$256,000~~$280,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately ~~2.74~~2.26 years.

There was ~~$29,000 and $82,000~~$40,000 of recognized compensation cost related to stock options granted for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017, respectively.~~March 31, 2021.

~~A summary of the weighted average assumptions used in valuing stock options during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 is presented below:~~

	~~Three Months Ended~~ Index September 30, 2017*		~~Nine Months Ended~~ ~~September 30, 2017~~
~~Risk Free Interest Rate~~		—		~~1.89~~	%

~~Expected Dividend Yield~~		—		~~0.00~~	%

~~Expected Life in Years~~		—		5

~~Expected Price Volatility~~		—		~~22.88~~	%

* There were no stock options granted during the three months ended September 30, 2017.

The following table presents the activity related to non-vested restricted stock for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2017.~~March 31, 2021:

	Number of Shares		Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value		Aggregate Intrinsic Value		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
Non-vested Restricted stock outstanding at Beginning of Period		148,699	$	10.31
Granted		40,320		10.43
Cancelled/Forfeited		0		0
Exercised/Released/Vested		(28,872)		9.65
Non-vested restricted stock outstanding at End of Period		160,147	$	10.46	$	1,693,555		2.94

Number of
Shares

Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Weighted Average
Remaining Contractual
Term (in years)
Non-vested Restricted stock outstanding at Beginning of Period 106,998 $ 8.03
Granted 1,824 11.96
Cancelled / Forfeited — $ —
Exercised/Released/Vested (1,735 ) 5.15
Non-vested restricted stock outstanding at End of Period 107,087 $ 8.14 $1,295,753 2.71

~~The following table presents the activity related to non-vested restricted stock for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.~~

Number of
Shares

Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Weighted Average
Remaining Contractual
Term (in years)
Non-vested Restricted stock outstanding at Beginning of  Period 99,184 $ 6.70
Granted 26,441 $ 11.50
Cancelled / Forfeited (1,463 ) $ 6.92
Exercised/Released/Vested (17,075 ) $ 5.08
Non-vested restricted stock outstanding at End of Period 107,087 $ 8.14 $1,295,753 2.71

The weighted average fair value of restricted stock granted during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 was ~~$11.50~~$10.43 per share.

As of ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2021, there was ~~$470,000~~$1,033,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately ~~2.71~~2.94 years.

There was ~~$53,000 and $156,000~~$96,000 of recognized compensation cost related to restricted stock awards for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017, respectively.~~March 31, 2021.

The Company has an Employee Stock Purchase Plan ~~("ESPP"~~(“ESPP”). There are ~~270,400~~325,543 shares authorized under the ESPP. The total number of shares authorized has been adjusted to give retroactive effect to stock dividends and stock splits, including the 4%5% stock dividend declared on January ~~26, 2017,~~27, 2021, payable March ~~31, 2017~~25, 2021 to shareholders of record as of February ~~28, 2017.~~26, 2021. The ESPP will expire on March 16, 2026.

The ESPP is implemented by participation periods of not more than 27twenty-seven months each. The Board of Directors determines the commencement date and duration of each participation period. The Board of Directors approved the current participation period of ~~December 10, 2016~~November 24, 2020 to November 23, ~~2017.~~2021. An eligible employee is one who has been continually employed for at least 90 days prior to commencement of a participation period. Under the terms of the ESPP, employees can choose to have up to 10 percent of their compensation withheld to purchase the ~~Company's~~Company’s common stock each participation period. The purchase price of the stock is 85 percent of the lower of the fair value on the last trading day before the date of participation or the fair value on the last trading day during the participation period.

As of ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2021, there was ~~$4,000~~$24,000 of unrecognized compensation cost related to ESPP issuances. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately ~~0.25~~0.75 years.

There was ~~$6,000 and $15,000~~$8,000 of recognized compensation cost related to ESPP issuances for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017.~~March 31, 2021.

The weighted average fair value at issuance date during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 was ~~$1.74 per share.~~$2.38.

A summary of the weighted average assumptions used in valuing ESPP issuances during the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 is presented ~~below.~~below:

Three Months Ended
September 30, 2017

Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2017

Risk Free Interest Rate 0.85 % 0.85 %

Expected Dividend Yield 0.00 % 0.00 %

Expected Life in Years 1.00 1.00

Expected Price Volatility 8.18 % 8.18 %

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Risk Free Interest Rate		0.10	%

Expected Dividend Yield		0.00	%

Expected Life in Years		1.00

Expected Price Volatility		25.30	%

Index

9.	ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

9.~~ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)~~

The following table details activity in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2017.~~March 31, 2021:

($ in thousands)
Unrealized
Gains (losses) on
Securities

Officers'
retirement
plan

Directors'
retirement
plan

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income/(loss)

Balance as of June 30, 2017 $ (1,565 ) $ (732 ) $ 14 $ (2,283 )
Current period other comprehensive income (loss) 175 — — 175
Balance as of September 30, 2017 $ (1,390 ) $ (732 ) $ 14 $ (2,108 )

($ in thousands)	Unrealized Gains (losses) on Securities			Officers’ retirement plan			Directors’ retirement plan			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (loss)
Balance as of December 31, 2020	$	7,196		$	(2,105	)	$	(53	)	$	5,038
Current period other comprehensive loss		(4,172	)		0			0			(4,172	)
Balance as of March 31, 2021	$	3,024		$	(2,105	)	$	(53	)	$	866

~~The following table details activity in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.~~

($ in thousands)
Unrealized
Gains (losses) on
Securities

Officers'
retirement
plan

Directors'
retirement
plan

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income/(loss)

Balance as of December 31, 2016 $ (1,678 ) $ (686 ) $ 14 $ (2,350 )
Current period other comprehensive income (loss) 288 (46 ) — 242
Balance as of September 30, 2017 $ (1,390 ) $ (732 ) $ 14 $ (2,108 )

The following table details activity in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2016.~~March 31, 2020:

($ in thousands)
Unrealized
Gains on
Securities

Officers'
retirement
plan

Directors'
retirement
plan

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income/(loss)

Balance as of June 30, 2016 $ 1,061 $ (662 ) $ 17 $ 416
Current period other comprehensive income (loss) (388 ) — — (388 )
Balance as of September 30, 2016 $ 673 $ (662 ) $ 17 $ 28

($ in thousands)	Unrealized Gains (losses) on Securities		Officers’ retirement plan			Directors’ retirement plan			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (loss)
Balance as of December 31, 2019	$	1,561	$	(1,411	)	$	(16	)	$	134
Current period other comprehensive income		5,069		0			0			5,069
Balance as of March 31, 2020	$	6,630	$	(1,411	)	$	(16	)	$	5,203

~~The following table details activity in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the nine months ended September 30, 2016.~~

($ in thousands)
Unrealized
Gains on
Securities

Officers'
retirement plan

Directors'
retirement plan

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income/(loss)

Balance as of December 31, 2015 $ 150 $ (662 ) $ 17 $ (495 )
Current period other comprehensive income (loss) 523 — — 523
Balance as of September 30, 2016 $ 673 $ (662 ) $ 17 $ 28

Index

10.	OUTSTANDING SHARES AND EARNINGS PER SHARE

~~10.~~ ~~OUTSTANDING SHARES AND EARNINGS PER SHARE~~

On January ~~26, 2017,~~27, 2021, the Board of Directors of the Company declared a 4%5% stock dividend payable on March ~~31, 2017~~25, 2021 to shareholders of record as of February ~~28, 2017.~~26, 2021. All income per share amounts have been adjusted to give retroactive effect to stock dividends.

Earnings Per Share (EPS)

Basic EPS includes no dilution and is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the respective period. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding plus dilutive shares for the quarter. Diluted shares include all common stock equivalents ~~("in-the-money"~~(“in-the-money” stock options, unvested restricted stock, stock units, warrants and rights, convertible bonds and preferred stock), which reflects the potential dilution of securities that could share in the earnings of the Company.

The following table presents a reconciliation of basic and diluted EPS for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and ~~2016~~2020 (dollars in thousands except per share amounts):

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,				Three months ended March 31,
	2017		2016		2017		2016		2021		2020
Basic earnings per share:
Net income	$	2,800	$	2,019	$	7,861	$	5,785	$	3,178	$	2,679

Weighted average common shares outstanding		11,064,695		11,036,711		11,060,920		11,030,473		13,495,648		13,438,895
Basic EPS	$	0.25	$	0.18	$	0.71	$	0.52	$	0.24	$	0.20

Diluted earnings per share:
Net income	$	2,800	$	2,019	$	7,861	$	5,785	$	3,178	$	2,679

Weighted average common shares outstanding		11,064,695		11,036,711		11,060,920		11,030,473		13,495,648		13,438,895

Effect of dilutive shares		143,347		72,627		140,071		70,924		152,936		155,438

Adjusted weighted average common shares outstanding		11,208,042		11,109,338		11,200,991		11,101,397		13,648,584		13,594,333
Diluted EPS	$	0.25	$	0.18	$	0.70	$	0.52	$	0.23	$	0.20

Stock options which were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because they would have had an anti-dilutive effect amounted to ~~68,398~~344,205 shares and ~~148,199~~424,475 shares for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and ~~2016,~~March 31, 2020, respectively. ~~Stock options~~Restricted stock which were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because they would have had an anti-dilutive effect amounted to ~~68,398 shares~~40,320 and ~~162,367 shares~~43,034 for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and ~~2016,~~March 31, 2020, respectively.

~~11.~~ ~~GAIN ON SALE-LEASEBACK OF REAL ESTATE~~

~~On January 6, 2017,~~

Index

11.

LEASES

The Company leases 10 branch and administrative locations under operating leases expiring on various dates through 2030. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet and lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For lease agreements entered into or reassessed after the adoption of Topic 842, the Company ~~executed a sale-leaseback transaction~~combines lease and nonlease components. The Company had no financing leases as of March 31, 2021.

Most leases include options to renew, with renewal terms that can extend the lease term from 3 to 10 years. The exercise of lease renewal options is at the Company’s sole discretion. Most leases are currently in the extension period. For the remaining leases with options to renew, the Company has not included the extended lease terms in the calculation of lease liabilities as the options are not reasonably certain of being exercised. Certain lease agreements include rental payments that are adjusted periodically for inflation. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants.

The Company uses its FHLB advance fixed rates, which are its incremental borrowing rates for secured borrowings, as the discount rates to calculate lease liabilities.

The Company had right-of-use assets totaling $5,662,000 and $5,913,000 as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The Company had lease liabilities totaling $6,202,000 and $6,453,000 as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The Company recognized lease expenses totaling $293,000 and $309,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, respectively. Lease expenses include expenses related to ~~land and building which~~short-term leases. Lease expense is ~~partially occupied by our Auburn Branch. The lease carries an initial lease term of six years and is classified as an operating lease. The sale resulted~~included in ~~a total gain of $1,682, of which $495 has been deferred as a component of Other Liabilities and will be accounted for as a reduction of~~ Occupancy and equipment expense ~~over~~on the ~~initial~~Income Statement.

The table below summarizes the maturity of remaining lease ~~term.~~ liabilities:

(in thousands)	March 31, 2021
2021	$	884
2022		1,083
2023		948
2024		840
2025		817
2026 and thereafter		2,192
Total lease payments		6,764
Less: interest		(562	)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	6,202

The ~~Company recognized $21 and $56 as a reduction of Occupancy and equipment expense~~following table presents supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and ~~nine month periods ended September 30, 2017, respectively.~~March 31, 2020:

(in thousands)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2021		Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	290	$	249
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	0	$	0

The following table presents the weighted average operating lease term and discount rate as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020:

(in thousands)	March 31, 2021			December 31, 2020

Weighted-average remaining lease term – operating leases, in years	$	7.06		$	7.23
Weighted-average discount rate – operating leases	$	2.43	%	$	2.43	%

Index

12.	SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS

Short-term borrowings totaling $5,000,000 as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 consisted of an advance with the FHLB through its COVID-19 Relief and Recovery Advances Program. The advance matures in the second quarter of 2021 and has a 0% interest rate. The advance is secured under terms of a blanket collateral agreement by a pledge of FHLB stock and certain other qualifying collateral such as commercial and mortgage loans. As of March 31, 2021 the Company had a remaining collateral borrowing capacity with the FHLB of $292,864,000 and, at such date, also had unsecured formal lines of credit totaling $122,000,000 with correspondent banks.

Index

FIRST NORTHERN COMMUNITY BANCORP

ITEM 2. – ~~MANAGEMENT'S~~MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report may include forward-looking statements, which may include forecasts of our financial results and condition, expectations for our operations and business, and our assumptions for those forecasts and expectations. Do not rely unduly on forward-looking statements. Actual results might differ significantly compared to our forecasts and expectations. See Part I, Item 1A. ~~"Risk~~“Risk Factors,"” and the other risks described in our ~~2016~~2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K and Part II, Item 1A “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the other risks described in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for factors to be considered when reading any forward-looking statements in this filing.

This report and other reports or statements which we may release may include forward-looking statements, which are subject to the ~~"safe harbor"~~“safe harbor” created by section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We may make forward-looking statements in our Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filings, press releases, news articles and when we are speaking on behalf of the Company. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Often, they include the words ~~"believe," "expect," "target," "anticipate," "intend," "plan," "seek," "strive," "estimate," "potential," "project,"~~“believe,” “expect,” “target,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “seek,” “strive,” “estimate,” “potential,” “project,” or words of similar meaning, or future or conditional verbs such as ~~"will," "would," "should," "could," "might,"~~“will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “might,” or ~~"may."~~“may.” These forward-looking statements are intended to provide investors with additional information with which they may assess our future potential. All of these forward-looking statements are based on assumptions about an uncertain future and are based on information available to us at the date of these statements. We do not undertake to update forward-looking statements to reflect facts, circumstances, assumptions or events that occur after the date any forward-looking statements are made.

In this document and in other SEC filings or other public statements, for example, we make forward-looking statements relating to the following topics, among others:

 Our business objectives, strategies and initiatives, our organizational structure, the growth of our business and our competitive position and prospects, and the effect of competition on our business and strategies

●

Our business objectives, strategies and initiatives, our organizational structure, the growth of our business and our competitive position and prospects, and the effect of competition on our business and strategies

●

Our assessment of significant factors and developments that have affected or may affect our results

●

~~Pending and recent legal~~

Legal and regulatory actions, and future legislative and regulatory developments, including the effects of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Protection Act (the ~~"Dodd-Frank Act"~~“Dodd-Frank Act”), the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act (the “EGRRCPA”), and other legislation and governmental measures introduced in response to the financial ~~crises~~crisis which began in 2008 and the ensuing recession affecting the banking system, financial markets and the U.S. economy,as well as the effect of the federal Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), enacted in March 2020, in an effort to mitigate the consequences of the coronavirus pandemic and the governmental actions in response to the pandemic

●

Regulatory and compliance controls, processes and requirements and their impact on our business

●

The costs and effects of legal or regulatory actions

●

Expectations regarding draws on performance letters of credit and liabilities that may result from recourse provisions in standby letters of credit

●

Our intent to sell or hold, and the likelihood that we would be required to sell, various investment securities

●

Our regulatory capital requirements, including the capital rules ~~adopted in~~established after the ~~past several years~~2008 financial crisis by the U.S. federal banking agencies and our current intention not to elect to use the community bank leverage framework

●

Expectations regarding our non-payment of a cash dividend on our common stock in the foreseeable future

●

Credit quality and provision for credit losses and management of asset quality and credit risk, expectations regarding collections and expectations regarding ~~collections~~the forgiveness and SBA reimbursement and guarantee of loans made under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) and the timing thereof

Index

●

Our allowances for credit losses, including the conditions we consider in determining the unallocated allowance and our portfolio credit quality, the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, underwriting standards, and risk grading

●

Our assessment of economic conditions and trends and credit cycles and their impact on our business

●

The seasonal nature of our business

●

The impact of changes in interest rates and our strategy to manage our interest rate risk profile and the possible effect of ~~increases~~changes in residential mortgage interest rates on new originations and refinancing of existing residential mortgage loans

●

Loan portfolio composition and risk grade trends, expected charge-offs, portfolio credit quality, our strategy regarding troubled debt restructurings ~~("TDRs"~~(“TDRs”), delinquency rates and our underwriting standards and our expectations regarding our recognition of interest income on loans that were provided payment deferrals upon completion of the payment forbearance period

●

Our deposit base including renewal of time deposits

●

The impact on our net interest income and net interest margin from the current ~~low-interest~~low interest rate environment

●

~~Expectations regarding an increase or decrease~~Possible changes in ~~unrecognized tax benefits~~the initiatives and policies of the federal bank regulatory agencies

●

Tax rates and the impact of changes in the U.S. tax laws, including the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act

●

Our pension and retirement plan costs

●

Our liquidity strategies and beliefs concerning the adequacy of our liquidity position

●

Critical accounting policies and estimates, the impact or anticipated impact of recent accounting pronouncements or changes in accounting principles

●

Expected rates of return, maturities, loss exposure, growth rates, yields, and projected results

●

The possible impact of ~~weather related~~weather-related conditions, including drought, fire or flooding, seismic events, and related governmental responses, including related electrical power outages, on economic conditions, especially in the agricultural sector

●

Maintenance of insurance coverages appropriate for our operations

●

Threats to the banking sector and our business due to cybersecurity issues and attacks and regulatory expectations related to cybersecurity

●

Our expectations regarding the adoption of the expected loss model for determining the allowance for loan losses

●

The effects of the coronavirus pandemic on the U.S., California and global economies and the actions of governments to reduce the spread of the virus and to mitigate the resulting economic consequences

●

Descriptions of assumptions underlying or relating to any of the foregoing

Readers of this document should not rely on any forward-looking statements, which reflect only our ~~management's~~management’s belief as of the date of this report. There are numerous risks and uncertainties that could and will cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in our forward-looking statements. Many of these factors are beyond our ability to control or predict and could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations or prospects. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to those listed in Item 1A ~~"Risk Factors"~~“Risk Factors” of Part II of this Form 10-Q, Item 2 ~~"Management's~~“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of ~~Operations"~~Operations” of Part I of this Form 10-Q and ~~"Risk Factors"~~“Risk Factors” and ~~"Supervision~~“Supervision and ~~Regulation"~~Regulation” in our ~~2016~~2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K, and in our other reports to the SEC.

Index

INTRODUCTION

This overview of ~~Management's~~Management’s Discussion and Analysis highlights selected information in this report and may not contain all of the information that is important to you. For a more complete understanding of trends, events, commitments, uncertainties, liquidity, capital resources and critical accounting estimates, you should carefully read this entire report and any other reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission ~~("SEC"~~(“SEC”), together with our Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2016.~~2020.

Our subsidiary, First Northern Bank of Dixon (the ~~"Bank"~~“Bank”), is a California state-chartered bank that derives most of its revenues from lending and deposit taking in the Sacramento Valley region of Northern California. Interest rates, business conditions and customer confidence all affect our ability to generate revenues. In addition, the regulatory and compliance environment and competition can present challenges to our ability to generate those revenues.

Significant results and developments during the ~~third~~first quarter ~~and year-to-date 2017~~2021 included:



~~Net income of $7.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, up 36.2% from $5.8~~Net income of $3.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, up 18.6% from $2.7 million earned for the same period last year. ~~Net income of $2.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, up 40.0% from $2.0 million for the same period last year.~~



~~Diluted income per share of $0.70 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, up 34.6% from diluted income per share of $0.52~~Diluted earnings per share of $0.23 for the three months ended March 31, 2021, up 15.0% from diluted earnings per share of $0.20 in the same period last year. ~~Diluted income per share of $0.25 for the three months ended September 30, 2017, up 38.9% from diluted income per share of $0.18 for the same period last year.~~



~~Net interest income of $28.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, up 12.5% from $25.7~~Net interest income of $10.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, down 3.2% from $11.2 million in the same period last year. The increase in net interest income was primarily due to an increase in interest income on loans and investment securities. The increase in interest income on loans and investment securities was primarily a result of increased yields and increased average balances of both loans and investment securities.

	~~Net interest margin of 3.49% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, up 3.6% from 3.37% for the same period ended September 30, 2016.~~

Net interest margin of 2.67% for the three months ended March 31, 2021, down 26.4% from 3.63% for the same period last year.

	~~Provision for loan losses of $0.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, down 57.1% from $1.4 million for the same period ended September 30, 2016.~~

Provision for loan losses of $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, down 53.9% from $0.7 million in the same period last year.

	~~Total assets of $1.19 billion as of September 30, 2017, up 2.2% from $1.17 billion as of December 31, 2016.~~

Total assets of $1.78 billion as of March 31, 2021, up 7.5% from $1.66 billion as of December 31, 2020.

	~~Total net loans of $694.9 million as of September 30, 2017 (including loans held-for-sale), up 3.2% from $673.1 million as of December 31, 2016.~~

Total net loans (including loans held-for-sale) of $950.8 million as of March 31, 2021, up 7.4% from $885.0 million as of December 31, 2020.

	~~Total investment securities of $302.3 million as of September 30, 2017, up 9.1% from $277.1 million as of December 31, 2016.~~

Total investment securities of $466.0 million as of March 31, 2021, up 7.1% from $435.1 million as of December 31, 2020.

	~~Total deposits of $1.08 billion as of September 30, 2017, up 1.6% from $1.06 billion as of December 31, 2016.~~

Total deposits of $1.61 billion as of March 31, 2021, up 8.7% from $1.48 billion as of December 31, 2020.

Recent Developments Related to COVID-19

The coronavirus pandemic and the governmental actions in response to the pandemic, detailed in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, continue to have had an impact on our business. Our commercial real estate loan portfolio exposure to industries most affected by the stay-at-home order and subsequent limitations on business activities included 9.9% to retail properties and business; 1.4% to restaurants; and 1.0% to the hospitality/hotel sector at March 31, 2021. Loans to these customers are generally secured by real estate with moderate loan-to-value ratios and further supported by guarantors. There is concern that borrowers will draw on their credit lines to support cashflow disruptions caused by the continuing governmental restrictions on business activities. Most of the Bank’s optional advance lines of credit are “controlled” with advances supported by certain assets pledged to the Bank for repayment or specific budgeted expense. The Bank monitors credit line advances daily and has not noted any significant, unusual loan advances as of March 31, 2021.

In January 2021, the SBA reopened the PPP with an initial deadline of March 31, 2021. On March 30, 2021, President Biden signed the PPP Extension Act of 2021 into law extending the PPP from March 31, 2021, to June 30, 2021. However, the SBA may not accept new lender applications for first draw or second draw PPP loans submitted after May 31, 2021. In this current phase of the PPP, the Bank approved approximately 850 applications for loans covering approximately $104 million in funding as of March 31, 2021. These PPP loan originations resulted in approximately $4.8 million in processing fees from the SBA, which will be recognized as an adjustment to the effective yield over the loan’s life. PPP processing fees totaling approximately $760,000 and $0 were recognized in interest income for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. This includes the amortization of PPP processing fees received in 2020, which are also being recognized as an adjustment to the effective yield over the loan’s life. The Bank had unearned PPP processing fees totaling $5.9 million and $1.9 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

Index

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Bank received $57 million in payoffs and reimbursements on PPP loans originated in 2020 from the SBA for the amounts forgiven pursuant to the terms of the PPP. The Bank had PPP loans outstanding totaling $202 million and $155 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Of the $202 million in PPP loans outstanding as of March 31, 2021, $98 million were originated in the first and second phase of the PPP in 2020. The Company expects that a significant portion of these loans will be forgiven during 2021 under the terms of the PPP, as borrowers satisfy the requirement of applying at least 60% of the loan proceeds to support their payroll expenses. Loans which do not qualify for the forgiveness will remain on the Bank’s books, subject to the SBA’s guarantee.

Index

SUMMARY ~~FINANCIAL DATA~~

The Company recorded net income of ~~$7,861,000~~$3,178,000 for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2021, representing an increase of ~~$2,076,000 or 35.9%~~$499,000 from net income of ~~$5,785,000~~$2,679,000 for the same period in 2016. The Company recorded net income of $2,800,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2017, representing an increase of $781,000 or 38.7% from net income of $2,019,000 for the same period in 2016.2020.

The following tables present a summary of the results for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and ~~2016,~~2020, and a summary of our financial condition at ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016.~~2020:

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2017				Three Months Ended September 30, 2016				Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017				Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016					Three months ended March 31, 2021			Three months ended March 31, 2020
(in thousands except for per share amounts)

(in thousands except for per share amounts and ratios)																	(in thousands except for per share amounts and ratios)
For the Period:
Net Income		$	2,800			$	2,019			$	7,861			$	5,785			$	3,178		$	2,679
Basic Earnings Per Common Share		$	0.25			$	0.18			$	0.71			$	0.52			$	0.24		$	0.20
Diluted Earnings Per Common Share		$	0.25			$	0.18			$	0.70			$	0.52			$	0.23		$	0.20
Net Income to Average Total Assets (annualized)			0.95	%			0.73	%			0.90	%			0.72	%
Net Income to Average Common Shareholders' Equity (annualized)			11.23	%			8.76	%			10.79	%			8.58	%
Net Income to Average Assets (annualized)																			0.75	%		0.82	%
Net Income to Average Equity (annualized)																			8.47	%		7.91	%
Average Equity to Average Assets																			8.80	%		10.32	%

	March 31, 2021			December 31, 2020

(in thousands except for ratios)
At Period End:
Total Assets	$	1,779,981		$	1,655,376
Total Investment Securities	$	466,046		$	435,080
Total Loans, Net (including loans held-for-sale)	$	950,810		$	885,020
Total Deposits	$	1,607,037		$	1,478,162
Loan-To-Deposit Ratio		59.2	%		59.9	%

September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016

(in thousands except for ratios)
At Period End:
Total Assets $ 1,192,850 $ 1,166,763
Total Loans, Net (including loans held-for-sale) $ 694,877 $ 673,096
Total Investment Securities $ 302,255 $ 277,079
Total Deposits $ 1,080,832 $ 1,063,696
Loan-To-Deposit Ratio 64.3 % 63.3 %

Index

FIRST NORTHERN COMMUNITY BANCORP

Distribution of Average Statements of Condition and Analysis of Net Interest Income

(in thousands, except percentage amounts)

	Three months ended September 30, 2017							Three months ended September 30, 2016							Three months ended March 31, 2021							Three months ended March 31, 2020
	Average Balance		Interest		Yield/ Rate (4)			Average Balance		Interest		Yield/ Rate (4)			Average Balance		Interest		Yield/ Rate (4)			Average Balance		Interest		Yield/ Rate (4)
Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Loans (1)	$	677,295	$	8,394		4.92	%	$	640,262	$	7,771		4.82	%	$	908,301	$	9,237		4.12	%	$	754,296	$	9,235		4.91	%
Certificate of deposits		3,968		12		1.20	%		16,709		37		0.88	%
Certificates of deposit																16,065		85		2.15	%		18,159		114		2.52	%
Interest bearing due from banks		121,681		407		1.33	%		133,399		178		0.53	%		269,813		63		0.09	%		115,507		419		1.45	%
Investment securities, taxable		292,051		1,252		1.70	%		231,511		913		1.56	%		424,086		1,486		1.42	%		329,293		1,757		2.14	%
Investment securities, non-taxable (2)		16,915		61		1.43	%		13,886		66		1.89	%		26,915		143		2.15	%		16,287		100		2.46	%
Other interest earning assets		5,567		93		6.63	%		4,409		97		8.73	%		6,480		82		5.13	%		6,574		124		7.57	%
Total average interest-earning assets		1,117,477		10,219		3.63	%		1,040,176		9,062		3.46	%		1,651,660		11,096		2.72	%		1,240,116		11,749		3.80	%
Non-interest-earning assets:
Cash and due from banks		25,225							24,535							35,225							33,271
Premises and equipment, net		6,256							7,488							6,471							6,529
Interest receivable and other assets		28,798							26,629							35,258							36,089
Total average assets	$	1,177,756						$	1,098,828							1,728,614							1,316,005

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity:
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing transaction deposits		293,682		63		0.09	%		268,419		76		0.11	%		400,485		55		0.06	%		331,663		158		0.19	%
Savings and MMDA's		333,154		133		0.16	%		316,164		129		0.16	%
Time, $250,000 or less		57,941		54		0.37	%		63,330		64		0.40	%
Savings and MMDA’s																409,068		105		0.10	%		345,082		268		0.31	%
Time, $250,000 and under																43,357		40		0.37	%		38,418		56		0.58	%
Time, over $250,000		20,149		22		0.43	%		18,927		20		0.42	%		14,838		24		0.66	%		14,097		36		1.02	%
Total average interest-bearing liabilities		704,926		272		0.15	%		666,840		289		0.17	%		867,748		224		0.10	%		729,260		518		0.28	%
Non-interest-bearing liabilities:
Federal Home Loan Bank advances																5,000							—
Non-interest-bearing demand deposits		362,329							330,420							684,279							431,675
Interest payable and other liabilities		10,764							9,390							19,390							19,236
Total liabilities		1,078,019							1,006,650							1,576,417							1,180,171
Total average stockholders' equity		99,737							92,178
Total average liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	1,177,756						$	1,098,828
Total average stockholders’ equity																152,197							135,834
Total average liabilities and stockholders’ equity															$	1,728,614						$	1,316,005
Net interest income and net interest margin (3)			$	9,947		3.53	%			$	8,773		3.35	%			$	10,872		2.67	%			$	11,231		3.63	%

~~(1)~~Average balances for loans include loans held-for-sale and non-accrual loans and are net of the allowance for loan losses, but non-accrued interest thereon is excluded. Loan interest income includes loan fees of approximately $(5) and $(17) for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

~~(2)Interest income and yields on tax-exempt securities are not presented on a taxable-equivalent basis.~~

~~(3)Net interest margin is computed by dividing net interest income by total average interest-earning assets.~~

(1)

Average balances for loans include loans held-for-sale and non-accrual loans and are net of the allowance for loan losses, but non-accrued interest is excluded. Loan interest income includes loan fees of approximately $864 and $(2) for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Loan fees for the three months ended March 31, 2021 include $760 in PPP loan fees recognized.

(2)	Interest income and yields on tax-exempt securities are not presented on a taxable equivalent basis.

(3)	Net interest margin is computed by dividing net interest income by total average interest-earning assets.

(4)	For disclosure purposes, ~~yield /rates~~yield/rates are annualized by dividing the number of days in the reported period by 365.

Index

FIRST NORTHERN COMMUNITY BANCORP

Distribution of Average Statements of Condition and Analysis of Net Interest Income

(in thousands, except percentage amounts)

	Nine months ended September 30, 2017							Nine months ended September 30, 2016							Three months ended March 31, 2021							Three months ended December 31, 2020
	Average Balance		Interest		Yield/ Rate (4)			Average Balance		Interest		Yield/ Rate (4)			Average Balance		Interest		Yield/ Rate (4)			Average Balance		Interest		Yield/ Rate (4)
Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Loans (1)	$	670,100	$	24,566		4.90	%	$	625,403	$	22,802		4.86	%	$	908,301	$	9,237		4.12	%	$	924,244	$	10,817		4.64	%
Certificate of deposits		8,282		63		1.02	%		16,689		108		0.86	%
Certificates of deposit																16,065		85		2.15	%		17,225		95		2.19	%
Interest bearing due from banks		125,247		979		1.05	%		144,909		568		0.52	%		269,813		63		0.09	%		267,079		73		0.11	%
Investment securities, taxable		279,149		3,545		1.70	%		212,090		2,577		1.62	%		424,086		1,486		1.42	%		373,811		1,482		1.57	%
Investment securities, non-taxable (2)		18,360		209		1.52	%		12,585		202		2.14	%		26,915		143		2.15	%		26,766		143		2.12	%
Other interest earning assets		5,100		284		7.45	%		4,214		274		8.66	%		6,480		82		5.13	%		6,480		82		5.02	%
Total average interest-earning assets		1,106,238		29,646		3.58	%		1,015,890		26,531		3.48	%		1,651,660		11,096		2.72	%		1,615,605		12,692		3.12	%
Non-interest-earning assets:
Cash and due from banks		24,825							24,398							35,225							31,396
Premises and equipment, net		6,139							7,336							6,471							6,633
Other real estate owned		0							9
Interest receivable and other assets		28,315							26,395							35,258							36,771
Total average assets	$	1,165,517						$	1,074,028							1,728,614							1,690,405

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity:
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing transaction deposits		291,360		184		0.08	%		266,574		226		0.11	%		400,485		55		0.06	%		378,804		55		0.06	%
Savings and MMDA's		330,778		378		0.15	%		301,644		367		0.16	%
Time, $250,000 or less		58,320		167		0.38	%		65,445		193		0.39	%
Savings and MMDA’s																409,068		105		0.10	%		411,474		134		0.13	%
Time, $250,000 and under																43,357		40		0.37	%		43,089		50		0.46	%
Time, over $250,000		20,280		63		0.42	%		19,558		62		0.42	%		14,838		24		0.66	%		15,041		28		0.74	%
Total average interest-bearing liabilities		700,738		792		0.15	%		653,221		848		0.17	%		867,748		224		0.10	%		848,408		267		0.12	%
Non-interest-bearing liabilities:
Federal Home Loan Bank advances																5,000							7,285
Non-interest-bearing demand deposits		357,192							321,900							684,279							663,103
Interest payable and other liabilities		10,429							9,017							19,390							21,268
Total liabilities		1,068,359							984,138							1,576,417							1,540,064
Total average stockholders' equity		97,158							89,890
Total average liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	1,165,517						$	1,074,028
Total average stockholders’ equity																152,197							150,341
Total average liabilities and stockholders’ equity															$	1,728,614						$	1,690,405
Net interest income and net interest margin (3)			$	28,854		3.49	%			$	25,683		3.37	%			$	10,872		2.67	%			$	12,425		3.05	%

(1) Average balances for loans include loans held-for-sale and non-accrual loans and are net of the allowance for loan losses, but non-accrued interest thereon is excluded. Loan interest income includes loan fees of approximately $21 and $(125) for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

(1)

Average balances for loans include loans held-for-sale and non-accrual loans and are net of the allowance for loan losses, but non-accrued interest is excluded. Loan interest income includes loan fees of approximately $864 and $2,102 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Loan fees for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 include $760 and $1,789 in PPP loan fees recognized, respectively.

(2)	Interest income and yields on tax-exempt securities are not presented on a ~~taxable-equivalent~~taxable equivalent basis.

~~(3) Net interest margin is computed by dividing net interest income by total average interest-earning assets.~~

(3)	Net interest margin is computed by dividing net interest income by total average interest-earning assets.

(4)	For disclosure purposes, ~~yield /rates~~yield/rates are annualized by dividing the number of days in the reported period by 365.

~~FIRST NORTHERN COMMUNITY BANCORP~~

~~Distribution of Average Statements of Condition and Analysis of Net Interest Income~~

~~(in thousands, except percentage amounts)~~

Three months ended
September 30, 2017
Three months ended
June 30, 2017

Average
Balance
Interest
Yield/
Rate

Average
Balance
Interest
Yield/
Rate

Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Loans (1) $ 677,295 $ 8,394 4.92 % $ 672,786 $ 8,211 4.90 %
Certificates of deposit 3,968 12 1.20 % 4,852 15 1.24 %
Interest bearing due from banks 121,681 407 1.33 % 114,494 276 0.97 %
Investment securities, taxable 292,051 1,252 1.70 % 281,357 1,191 1.70 %
Investment securities, non-taxable (2) 16,915 61 1.43 % 19,080 73 1.53 %
Other interest earning assets 5,567 93 6.63 % 5,313 83 6.27 %
Total average interest-earning assets 1,117,477 10,219 3.63 % 1,097,882 9,849 3.60 %
Non-interest-earning assets:
Cash and due from banks 25,225 24,786
Premises and equipment, net 6,256 6,065
Interest receivable and other assets 28,798 28,361
Total average assets $ 1,177,756 $ 1,157,094

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing transaction deposits 293,682 63 0.09 % 291,423 61 0.08 %
Savings and MMDA's 333,154 133 0.16 % 324,552 117 0.14 %
Time, $250,000 and under 57,941 54 0.37 % 58,333 54 0.37 %
Time, over $250,000 20,149 22 0.43 % 20,800 23 0.44 %
Total average interest-bearing liabilities 704,926 272 0.15 % 695,108 255 0.15 %
Non-interest-bearing liabilities:
Non-interest-bearing demand deposits 362,329 354,590
Interest payable and other liabilities 10,764 10,387
Total liabilities 1,078,019 1,060,085
Total average stockholders' equity 99,737 97,009
Total average liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 1,177,756 $ 1,157,094
Net interest income and net interest margin (3) $ 9,947 3.53 % $ 9,594 3.51 %

(1) Average balances for loans include loans held-for-sale and non-accrual loans and are net of the allowance for loan losses, but non-accrued interest is excluded. Loan interest income includes loan fees of approximately $(5) and $10 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and June 30, 2017, respectively.

~~(2) Interest income and yields on tax-exempt securities are not presented on a taxable equivalent basis.~~

~~(3) Net interest margin is computed by dividing net interest income by total average interest-earning assets.~~

~~(4) For disclosure purposes, yield/rates are annualized by dividing the number of days in the reported period by 365.~~

40Index

Analysis of Changes

in Interest Income and Interest Expense

(Dollars in thousands)

Following is an analysis of changes in interest income and expense (dollars in thousands) for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 over the three months ended ~~September 30, 2016, the nine months ended September 30, 2017 over the nine months ended September 30, 2016,~~March 31, 2020 and the three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 over the three months ended ~~June 30, 2017.~~December 31, 2020. Changes not solely due to interest rate or volume have been allocated proportionately to interest rate and volume.

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 Over Three Months Ended March 31, 2020									Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 Over Three Months Ended December 31, 2020
	Volume			Interest Rate			Change			Volume			Interest Rate			Change

Increase (Decrease) in Interest Income:

Loans	$	1,668		$	(1,666	)	$	2		$	(210	)	$	(1,370	)	$	(1,580	)
Certificates of Deposit		(13	)		(16	)		(29	)		(8	)		(2	)		(10	)
Due From Banks		253			(609	)		(356	)		1			(11	)		(10	)
Investment Securities - Taxable		422			(693	)		(271	)		166			(162	)		4
Investment Securities - Non-taxable		58			(15	)		43			—			—			—
Other Assets		(2	)		(40	)		(42	)		—			—			—	��

	$	2,386		$	(3,039	)	$	(653	)	$	(51	)	$	(1,545	)	$	(1,596	)

Increase (Decrease) in Interest Expense:

Deposits:
Interest-Bearing Transaction Deposits	$	26		$	(129	)	$	(103	)	$	—		$	—		$	—
Savings & MMDAs		43			(206	)		(163	)		—			(29	)		(29	)
Time Certificates		29			(57	)		(28	)		1			(15	)		(14	)

	$	98		$	(392	)	$	(294	)	$	1		$	(44	)	$	(43	)

Decrease in Net Interest Income:	$	2,288		$	(2,647	)	$	(359	)	$	(52	)	$	(1,501	)	$	(1,553	)

Three Months Ended
September 30, 2017

Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2017

Three Months Ended
September 30, 2017

Over Over Over

Three Months Ended
September 30, 2016

Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2016

Three Months Ended
June 30, 2017

Volume
Interest
Rate
Change Volume
Interest
Rate
Change Volume
Interest
Rate
Change

Increase (Decrease) in Interest Income:

Loans $ 462 $ 149 $ 611 $ 1,591 $ 27 $ 1,618 $ 57 $ 141 $ 198
Loan Fees 12 — 12 146 — 146 (15 ) — (15 )
Due From Banks (17 ) 246 229 (87 ) 498 411 19 112 131
Certificates of Deposit (35 ) 10 (25 ) (62 ) 17 (45 ) (3 ) — (3 )
Investment Securities 269 65 334 918 57 975 35 14 49
Other Assets 22 (26 ) (4 ) 52 (42 ) 10 4 6 10
$ 713 $ 444 $ 1,157 $ 2,558 $ 557 $ 3,115 $ 97 $ 273 $ 370

Increase (Decrease) in Interest Expense:

Deposits:
Interest-Bearing Transaction Deposits $ 5 $ (18 ) $ (13 ) $ 20 $ (62 ) $ (42 ) $ — $ 2 $ 2
Savings & MMDAs 4 — 4 35 (24 ) 11 3 13 16
Time Certificates (5 ) (3 ) (8 ) (21 ) (4 ) (25 ) (1 ) — (1 )

$ 4 $ (21 ) $ (17 ) $ 34 $ (90 ) $ (56 ) $ 2 $ 15 $ 17

Increase in Net Interest Income: $ 709 $ 465 $ 1,174 $ 2,524 $ 647 $ 3,171 $ 95 $ 258 $ 353

Index

CHANGES IN FINANCIAL CONDITION

The assets of the Company set forth in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets reflect a ~~$9,487,000~~$27,252,000 or ~~5.9% decrease~~10.2% increase in cash and cash equivalents, a ~~$12,245,000~~$2,205,000 or ~~75.5%~~13.0% decrease in certificates of deposit, a ~~$25,176,000~~$30,966,000 or ~~9.1%~~7.1% increase in investment securities available-for-sale, a ~~$23,296,000~~$66,574,000 or ~~3.5%~~7.6% increase in net loans held-for-investment, and a ~~$1,515,000~~$784,000 or ~~45.6%~~8.5% decrease in loans held-for-sale ~~a $1,158,000 or 26.3% increase in stock in Federal Home Loan Bank and other equity securities, and a $921,000 or 12.6% decrease in premises and equipment~~ from December 31, ~~2016~~2020 to ~~September 30, 2017.~~March 31, 2021. The ~~decrease~~increase in cash and cash equivalents was primarily due to ~~a decrease~~an increase in ~~interest bearing due from Federal Reserve Bank accounts, which was mainly due to the purchase of investment securities.~~ deposit balances. The increase in investment securities ~~available-for-sale~~ was ~~primarily the result of the~~due to allocating cash flows from deposits towards purchases of ~~mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations, which~~investment securities. The decrease in certificates of deposit was ~~partially offset by sales, calls and~~due to maturities of ~~U.S. government agencies, mortgage-backed securities,~~certificates of deposit and ~~municipal~~allocating the cash flows from those maturities towards additional purchases of available-for-sale securities. The increase in net loans held-for-investment was primarily due to ~~increased demand for commercial real estate, agriculture, and residential mortgage,~~PPP loans originated in the first quarter of 2021 totaling approximately $98 million, which was partially offset by ~~decreased demand for~~SBA forgiveness payments on PPP loans received in the same period totaling approximately $50 million. Also contributing to the increase in net loans held-for-investment during the period was commercial ~~residential construction, and consumer loans.~~real estate loan purchases totaling approximately $47.4 million in the first quarter of 2021. Premiums on commercial real estate loan purchases totaled $1.2 million. The ~~decrease~~increase in loans held-for-sale was due to the timing of ~~sales~~funding and sale of the loans held-for-sale. The increase in stock in Federal Home Loan Bank and other equity securities was due to the purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank stock. The decrease in premises and equipment was due to a sale-leaseback of land and building partially occupied by a Bank branch.held-for-sale pipeline.

The liabilities of the Company set forth in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets reflect an increase in total deposits of ~~$17,136,000~~$128,875,000 or ~~1.6%~~8.7% from December 31, ~~2016~~2020 to ~~September 30, 2017.~~ March 31, 2021. The overall increase in total deposits was primarily attributable to PPP loans originated in the first quarter of 2021, new customer relationships gained as a result of our PPP lending activities, and increased savings rates driven by the economic uncertainties due to increases in interest-bearing transaction deposits, savings accounts, and time deposits over $250,000, which were partially offset by decreases in demand accounts, money market accounts, and time deposits $250,000 or less.the coronavirus pandemic.

CHANGES IN RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Interest Income

The Federal Open Market Committee ~~increased~~made no changes to the Federal Funds ~~rate 50 basis points from 0.75%~~target of 0.00% to ~~1.25%~~0.25% during ~~the nine months ended September 30, 2017.~~

~~Interest income on loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was up 7.7% from the same period in 2016, increasing from $22,802,000 to $24,566,000, and was up 8.0% for~~ the three months ended September 30, 2017 over the same period in 2016, increasing from $7,771,000 to $8,394,000. The increase in interest income on loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the same period a year ago was primarily due to an increase in average loans and a 4 basis point increase in loan yields. The increase in interestMarch 31, 2021.

Interest income on loans for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2017 as compared~~March 31, 2021 was comparable to the same period ~~a year ago was primarily due~~in 2020, totaling $9,237,000 and $9,235,000 for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, respectively. Several factors contributed to ~~an increase in average~~loan interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2021, including recognition of PPP processing fees, deferred interest on forbearance loans, and ~~a 10 basis point increase~~declines in ~~loan yields. The increase~~yields earned. Interest income on loans for the three months ended March 31, 2021 included approximately $760,000 in ~~loan yields was primarily due~~recognition of processing fees from the SBA related to the origination of ~~new~~PPP loans. The Bank had unearned processing fees totaling $5.9 million as of March 31, 2021, which will be recognized over the life of the PPP loans. In the second quarter of 2020, the Bank made a policy election to cease interest recognition for loans provided temporary full payment deferrals during the term of the forbearance period (generally ranging from three to six months) under Section 4013 of the CARES Act. Upon completion of the payment forbearance period, and resumption of performance under the ~~repricing~~original loan terms, the foregone interest is capitalized as deferred interest and recognized as a yield adjustment over the remaining loan term. Loans on interest-only plans continued to accrue interest income given continued payment performance over the course of the forbearance period. A majority of loans completed their forbearance period during the fourth quarter of 2020. Two loans totaling $900,000 were on a principal and interest forbearance plan and one loan totaling $200,000 was on an interest only forbearance plan at March 31, 2021. The Bank recognized approximately $177,000 in deferred interest for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

The decrease in loan yields is due to several factors: adjustable rate loans re-pricing at lower rates as a result of recent declines in interest rates and related indices, which is mitigated to some extent by the inclusion of interest rate floors on the majority of our variable rate loans; the accommodation of certain fixed rate loan customers to re-price their existing loans at ~~higher rates.~~lower rates to retain existing relationships in a competitive rate environment; an increase in non-accrual loan balances; and the origination of PPP loans at an interest rate of 1%. PPP loans totaled $202 million as of March 31, 2021.

Interest income on ~~investment securities available-for-sale~~certificates of deposit for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 was ~~up 35.1%~~down 25.4% from the same period in ~~2016, increasing~~2020, decreasing from ~~$2,779,000~~$114,000 to ~~$3,754,000, and was up 34.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2017 over the same period in 2016, increasing from $979,000 to $1,313,000.~~$85,000. The increase in interest income on investment securities for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the same period a year ago was due to an increase in average investment securities and a 4 basis point increase in investment yields. The increase in interest income on investment securities for the three months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the same period a year agodecrease was primarily due to ~~an increase in average investment securities and an 11~~a 37 basis point ~~increase~~decrease in ~~investment yields.~~

~~Interest income on interest-bearing due from banks for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was up 72.4% from the same period in 2016, increasing from $568,000 to $979,000,~~certificates of deposit yields and was up 128.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2017 over the same period in 2016, increasing from $178,000 to $407,000. The increase in interest income on interest-bearing due from banks for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the same period a year ago was due to a 53 basis point increase in yield on interest-bearing due from banks due to an increase in the Federal Funds rate, which was partially offset by a decrease in average balances of ~~interest-bearing due from banks. The increase in interest~~certificates of deposit.

Interest income on interest-bearing due from banks for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2017 as compared to~~March 31, 2021 was down 85.0% from the same period ~~a year ago~~in 2020, decreasing from $419,000 to $63,000. The decrease was primarily due to ~~an 80~~a 136 basis point ~~increase~~decrease in ~~yield on~~ interest-bearing due from ~~banks due to an increase in the Federal Funds rate,~~yields, which was partially offset by ~~a decrease~~an increase in average ~~balances of~~ interest-bearing due from ~~banks.~~banks balance.

Interest income on ~~certificates of deposit~~investment securities available-for-sale for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 was down ~~41.7%~~12.3% from the same period in ~~2016,~~2020, decreasing from ~~$108,000~~$1,857,000 to ~~$63,000, and was down 67.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2017 over the same period in 2016, decreasing from $37,000 to $12,000.~~$1,629,000. The decrease ~~in interest income on certificates of deposit for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the same period a year ago~~ was primarily due to a decrease in average balances of certificates of deposit due to maturities, which was partially offset by a 16 basis point increase in yield on certificates of deposit. The decrease in interest income on certificates of deposit for the three months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the same period a year ago was due to a decrease in average balances of certificates of deposit due to maturities, which was partially offset by a 32 basis point increase in yield on certificates of deposit.

Interest income on other earning assets for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was up 3.7% from the same period in 2016, increasing from $274,000 to $284,000, and was down 4.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2017 over the same period in 2016, decreasing from $97,000 to $93,000. The increase in interest income on other assets for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the same period a year ago was due to an increase in average balances of other earning assets, which was partially offset by a 12170 basis point decrease in ~~yield~~yields on other earning assets. The decrease in interest income on other earning assets for the three months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the same period a year ago was due to a 210 basis point decrease in yield on other earning assets,investment securities, which was partially offset by an increase in average balances of ~~other earning assets.~~investment securities.

Index

The Company had no Federal Funds sold balances during the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and ~~September 30, 2016.~~March 31, 2020.

Interest Expense

Interest expense on deposits ~~and other borrowings~~ for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 was down ~~6.6%~~56.8% from the same period in ~~2016,~~2020, decreasing from ~~$848,000~~$518,000 to ~~$792,000, and was down 5.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2017 over the same period in 2016, decreasing from $289,000 to $272,000.~~$224,000. The decrease in interest expense ~~during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017~~ was primarily due to ~~a 2~~an 18 basis point decrease in ~~the Company's~~ average ~~cost of funds,~~interest-bearing deposits yield, which was partially offset by an increase in average deposits.

The Company had an FHLB advance totaling $5 million as of March 31, 2021. The advance, received through the ~~average balance of interest-bearing liabilities.~~

FHLB’s COVID-19 Relief and Recovery Advances Program, is a short-term borrowing with a 0% interest rate. The Company had no FHLB advances ~~and related interest expense~~or other borrowing balances during the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016.~~March 31, 2020.

Provision for Loan Losses

~~There was a provision~~Provision for loan losses ~~of $600,000~~totaled $300,000 for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 compared to ~~$1,350,000~~$650,000 for the same period in ~~2016. There was no provision for loan losses for the three months ended September 30, 2017 compared to $450,000 for the same period in 2016.~~2020. The allowance for loan losses was approximately ~~$11,563,000~~$15,713,000, or ~~1.64%~~1.63% of total loans, at ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2021, compared to ~~$10,899,000,~~$15,416,000, or ~~1.60%~~1.73% of total loans, at December 31, ~~2016.~~2020. The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level considered adequate by management to provide for probable loan losses inherent in the loan portfolio. The decrease in the ratio of allowance to total loans from December 31, 2020 to March 31, 2021 was primarily due to PPP loans of approximately $202 million outstanding as of March 31, 2021, which are fully guaranteed by the SBA.

The decrease in the provision for loan losses during the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020 was primarily due to ~~decreased charge-offs and increased recoveries coupled with a decrease~~decreases in ~~specific reserves on impaired loans,~~qualitative factors resulting from an improvement in economic conditions, which was partially offset by an increase in loan balances as well as an increase in qualitative risk factors compared to the same periods in 2016. The increase in qualitative risk factors were primarily for commercial, commercial real estate and consumer loans and were primarily due to increased concentration risk, personnel changes and various economic factors.specific reserves on impaired loans.

Provision for Unfunded Lending Commitment Losses

~~There was a~~Reversal of unfunded lending commitment losses totaled $200,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 compared to provision for unfunded lending commitment losses of ~~$0 and $57,000~~$100,000 for the ~~three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively, compared~~same period in 2020. The decrease was primarily due to ~~$0 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase~~a decrease in ~~provision~~qualitative factors resulting from an improvement in economic conditions.

Provisions for unfunded lending commitment losses ~~was primarily due to an increase in qualitative risk factors compared to the same periods in 2016.~~

~~The provision for unfunded lending commitment losses is~~are included in non-interest expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Non-Interest Income

~~Non-Interest~~Non-interest income was up ~~22.8%~~38.9% for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 from the same period in ~~2016,~~2020, increasing from ~~$5,197,000~~$1,649,000 to ~~$6,380,000.~~$2,290,000.

The increase was primarily due to the recognition of a pre-tax gain of $1,187,000 on a sale-leaseback transaction related to land and building which is partially occupied by a Bank branch. The lease carries an initial lease term of six years and is classified as an operating lease. The sale resulted in a total gain of $1,682,000, of which $495,000 was deferred as a component of Other Liabilities and is being accounted for as a reduction of Occupancy and equipment expense over the initial lease term.

~~In addition, there were~~ increases in ~~investment and brokerage services income, mortgage brokerage income,~~gains on sales of loans held-for-sale, loan servicing income, and ~~fiduciary activities~~debit card income, which ~~was~~were partially offset by decreases in service charges on deposit accounts, ~~gains on sales of loans held-for-sale, and other income. The increase in~~ investment and brokerage income, mortgage brokerage income, and ~~fiduciary activities income~~gains on sales/calls of available-for-sale securities. The increase in gains on sales of loans held-for-sale was primarily due to an increase in ~~demand for those services.~~loan origination volumes as a result of the decline in interest rates and uptick in refinancing activity. Although interest rates experienced a decline in the first quarter of 2021 compared to the same period in 2020, there was an uptick in interest rates towards the end of the first quarter of 2021. The increase in loan servicing income was primarily due to the reversal of impairment expense recognized on mortgage servicing rights asset primarily due to a decrease in ~~the current period.~~constant prepayment rates from December 31, 2020. The increase in debit card income was primarily due to an increase in transaction volumes. The decrease in service charges on deposit accounts was primarily due to ~~decreases~~a decrease in NSF fees, ~~charged.~~net of waived fees. The decrease in ~~gains on sales of loans held-for-sale was primarily due to a decrease in the volume of loans-held-for-sale. The decrease in other~~investment and brokerage income was primarily due to a decrease in ~~rental income due to the sale of land and building~~demand for those services. The decrease in ~~the current period.~~

~~Non-Interest income was up 7.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2017 from the same period in 2016, increasing from $1,657,000 to $1,780,000.~~

The increase was primarily due to increases in service charges on deposit accounts, investment and brokerage services income, mortgage brokerage income, loan servicing income and gains on sales of available-for-sale securities, which was partially offset by decreases in gains on sales of loans held-for-sale and other income. The increase in service charges on deposit accounts was primarily due to increases in fees charged. The increase in investment and brokerage services and mortgage brokerage income was primarily ~~due to an increase in demand for those services.~~a result of decreased mortgage brokerage volume. The ~~increase in loan servicing income was primarily due to the recognition of impairment expense in the prior period. The increase~~decrease in gains on ~~sales~~sales/calls of available-for-sale securities was primarily due to increased values of securities sold and current market pricing at the time of sale. The decrease in gains on sales of loans held-for-sale was primarily due to a decrease in the volume of loans-held-for-sale. The decrease in other income is primarily due to a decrease in rental income due to the sale of ~~land and building~~municipal securities at a net loss in the ~~current period.~~first quarter of 2021.

Non-Interest Expenses

Total non-interest expenses were ~~up 8.2%~~down 0.8% for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 from the same period in ~~2016, increasing~~2020, decreasing from ~~$20,226,000~~$8,570,000 to ~~$21,884,000.~~$8,501,000.

Index

The ~~increase~~decrease was primarily due to ~~increases~~decreases in salaries and employee benefits, ~~data processing,~~occupancy and ~~other expenses,~~equipment, and reversal of provision for unfunded commitments, which was partially offset by aincreases in data processing and other expenses. The decrease ~~in occupancy and equipment expense. The increase~~ in salaries and employee benefits was primarily due to an increase in ~~staffing~~capitalization of loan origination costs, which was partially offset by an increase in the number of full-time equivalent employees. The decrease in occupancy and ~~associated salary~~equipment expense was primarily due to the lease termination of the former trust office in the fourth quarter of 2020 and ~~profit sharing.~~a decrease in depreciation expense. The reversal of unfunded commitments expense was primarily due to a decrease in qualitative factors resulting from an improvement in economic conditions. The increase in data processing expenses was primarily due to ~~increases~~costs associated with enhanced IT infrastructure coupled with the implementation of a digital lending platform for PPP loans in ~~general data processing costs.~~the first quarter of 2021. The increase in other expenses was primarily due to increases in ~~provision for unfunded loan commitments, and consulting fees, which was partially offset by decreases in~~ FDIC assessments and postage expense. The decrease in occupancy and equipment expense was primarily due to a decrease in rent expense due to the expiration of a lease and the amortization of the deferred portion of the gain on sale of lease-back transaction discussed in Non-Interest Income above.loan collection expenses.

~~Total non-interest expenses were up 8.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2017 from the same period in 2016, increasing from $6,599,000 to $7,161,000.~~

The increase was primarily due to increases in salaries and employee benefits and other expenses, which was partially offset by a decrease in occupancy and equipment expense. The increase in salaries and employee benefits was primarily due to an increase in staffing and associated salary expense and profit sharing. The increase in other expenses was primarily due to an increase in consulting fees, which were partially offset by a decrease in FDIC assessments. The decrease in occupancy and equipment expense was primarily due to a decrease in rent expense due to the expiration of a lease and the amortization of the deferred portion of the gain on sale of lease-back transaction discussed in Non-Interest Income above.

The following table sets forth other non-interest expenses by category for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and ~~2016.~~2020.

	(in thousands)									(in thousands)
	Three months ended September 30, 2017		Three months ended September 30, 2016			Nine months ended September 30, 2017		Nine months ended September 30, 2016		Three months ended March 31, 2021			Three months ended March 31, 2020
Other non-interest expenses
Provision for unfunded loan commitments	$	—	$	—		$	57	$	—
(Reversal of) provision for unfunded commitments expense										$	(200	)	$	100
FDIC assessments		95		140			365		450		135			—
Contributions		32		37			127		92		45			49
Legal fees		85		66			189		204		49			84
Accounting and audit fees		102		84			285		269		115			114
Consulting fees		169		63			530		364		50			74
Postage expense		56		63			185		217		39			22
Telephone expense		32		37			97		109		30			28
Public relations		44		41			147		172		26			62
Training expense		31		45			107		117		12			26
Loan origination expense		40		12			131		102		26			44
Computer software depreciation		40		40			114		103		16			17
Sundry losses		41		(34	)		189		46
Operational losses											54			64
Loan collection expense		15		13			75		56		230			34
Minibank interchange fees											128			135
Other non-interest expense		502		516			1,519		1,454		328			262

Total other non-interest expenses	$	1,284	$	1,123		$	4,117	$	3,755	$	1,083		$	1,115

Income Taxes

The ~~Company's~~Company’s tax rate, the ~~Company's~~Company’s income before taxes and the amount of tax relief provided by non-taxable earnings ~~primarily~~ affect the ~~Company's~~Company’s provision for income taxes.

~~In the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company's expense~~ Provision for income taxes increased ~~$1,370,000 or 38.9%~~20.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 from the same period ~~last year,~~in 2020, increasing from ~~$3,519,000~~$981,000 to ~~$4,889,000.~~

In$1,183,000 primarily due to an increase in pre-tax income. The effective tax rate was 27.1% and 26.8% for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2017, the Company's expense for income taxes increased $404,000 or 29.7% from the same period last year, from $1,362,000 to $1,766,000.~~March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, respectively.

The increase in provision for income taxes for the period presented is primarily attributable to the respective levels of taxable earnings combined with the interim effective tax rate and the incidence of allowable deductions, in particular non-taxable municipal bond income, tax credits generated from low-income housing investments, solar tax credits, and excludable interest income.

Off-Balance Sheet Commitments

The following table shows the distribution of the ~~Company's~~Company’s undisbursed loan commitments at the dates indicated.

	(in thousands)
							(in thousands)
	September 30, 2017			December 31, 2016			March 31, 2021		December 31, 2020

Undisbursed loan commitments		$	223,807		$	207,207	$	207,589	$	189,097
Standby letters of credit			2,331			3,518		2,878		1,731
Commitments to sell loans			488			1,848		3,430		1,052
		$	226,626		$	212,573	$	213,897	$	191,880

The reserve for unfunded lending commitments amounted to ~~$850,000~~$750,000 and ~~$793,000~~$950,000 as of ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016,~~2020, respectively. The reserve for unfunded lending commitments is included in other liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 7 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q, ~~"Financial~~“Financial Instruments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk,"” for additional information.

Index

Asset Quality

The Company manages asset quality and credit risk by maintaining diversification in its loan portfolio and through review processes that include analysis of credit requests and ongoing examination of outstanding loans and delinquencies, with particular attention to portfolio dynamics and loan mix. The Company strives to identify loans experiencing difficulty early enough to correct the problems, to record charge-offs promptly based on realistic assessments of collectability and current collateral values and to maintain an adequate allowance for loan losses at all times. Asset quality reviews of loans and other non-performing assets are administered using credit risk-rating standards and criteria similar to those employed by state and federal banking regulatory agencies. The ~~federal~~Federal bank regulatory agencies utilize the following definitions for assets adversely classified for supervisory purposes:



Substandard Assets – A substandard asset is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.



Doubtful Assets – An asset classified doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in one classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable or improbable.

Other Real Estate Owned and loans rated Substandard and Doubtful are deemed ~~"classified assets"~~“classified assets”. This category, which includes both performing and non-performing assets, receives an elevated level of attention regarding collection.

The following tables summarize the ~~Company's~~Company’s non-accrual loans net of guarantees of the State of California and U.S. Government by loan category at ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016:~~2020:

	At September 30, 2017									At December 31, 2016									At March 31, 2021						At December 31, 2020
	Gross			Guaranteed			Net			Gross			Guaranteed			Net			Gross		Guaranteed		Net		Gross		Guaranteed		Net
(in thousands)
(dollars in thousands)

Commercial		$	517		$	—		$	517		$	5,000		$	2,000		$	3,000	$	284	$	63	$	221	$	363	$	63	$	300
Commercial real estate			1,765			72			1,693			540			81			459		6,803		32		6,771		4,875		34		4,841
Agriculture			—			—			—			—			—			—		9,130		—		9,130		9,130		—		9,130
Residential mortgage			125			—			125			654			—			654		148		—		148		153		—		153
Residential construction			—			—			—			—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Consumer			374			—			374			103			—			103		687		—		687		690		—		690
Total non-accrual loans		$	2,781		$	72		$	2,709		$	6,297		$	2,081		$	4,216	$	17,052	$	95	$	16,957	$	15,211	$	97	$	15,114

It is generally the ~~Company's~~Company’s policy to discontinue interest accruals once a loan is past due for a period of 90 days as to interest or principal ~~payments.~~payments unless the loan is well secured and in process of collection. When a loan is placed on non-accrual, interest accruals cease and uncollected accrued interest is reversed and charged against current income. Payments received on non-accrual loans are applied against principal. A loan may only be restored to an accruing basis when it again becomes well secured and in the process of collection or all past due amounts have been ~~collected.~~collected or there is an extended period of positive performance and a high probability that the loan will continue to pay according to original terms.

Non-accrual loans amounted to ~~$2,781,000~~$17,052,000 at ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and were comprised of ~~two~~three commercial loans totaling ~~$517,000,~~$284,000, four commercial real estate loans totaling $6,803,000, three agriculture loans totaling 9,130,000, one residential mortgage loan totaling $148,000 and four consumer loans totaling $687,000. Non-accrual loans amounted to $15,211,000 at December 31, 2020 and were comprised of four commercial loans totaling $363,000, three commercial real estate loans totaling ~~$1,765,000, two~~$4,875,000, three agriculture loans totaling $9,130,000, one residential mortgage loan totaling $153,000 and five consumer loans totaling $125,000 and one consumer loan totaling $374,000. Non-accrual loans amounted to $6,297,000 at December 31, 2016 and were comprised of one commercial loan totaling $5,000,000, two commercial real estate loans totaling $540,000, three residential mortgage loans totaling $654,000, and one consumer loan totaling $103,000.$690,000. If the loan is considered collateral dependent, it is generally the ~~Company's~~Company’s policy to charge-off the portion of any non-accrual loan that the Company does not expect to collect by writing the loan down to the estimated net realizable value of the underlying collateral.

Loans for which it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement are considered impaired. ~~Non-performing impaired~~Nonaccrual loans are ~~non-accrual loans and loans that are 90 days or more past due and still accruing. Total~~ non-performing impaired loans ~~at September 30, 2017~~totaling $17,052,000 and $15,211,000 as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016 consisting of loans on non-accrual status totaled $2,781,000 and $6,297,000,~~2020, respectively. A restructuring of a loan can constitute a TDR if the Company for economic or legal reasons related to the ~~borrower's~~borrower’s financial difficulties grants a concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. A loan that is restructured inas a TDR is considered an impaired loan. Performing impaired loans, ~~totaled $6,865,000 and $4,662,000 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. Performing impaired loans consist~~which consisted of loans modified as TDRs, ~~totaling $6,110,000~~totaled $1,195,000 and ~~other impaired loans totaling $755,000.~~$2,260,000 at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The Company expects to collect all principal and interest due from performing impaired loans. These loans are not on non-accrual status. The majority of the non-performing impaired loans, in ~~management's~~management’s opinion, were adequately collateralized based on recently obtained appraised property values or were guaranteed by a governmental entity. See ~~"Allowance~~“Allowance for Loan ~~Losses"~~Losses” below for additional information. No assurance can be given that the existing or any additional collateral will be sufficient to secure full recovery of the obligations owed under these loans.

Index

On March 22, 2020, the Federal bank regulatory agencies issued joint guidance advising that the agencies have confirmed with the staff of the Financial Accounting Standards Board that short-term modifications due to COVID-19, made on a good faith basis to borrowers who were current prior to relief, are not TDRs. The CARES Act also provided relief from TDR classification for certain COVID-19 loan modifications. The Bank elected not to classify modifications that meet the criteria under either the CARES Act or the criteria specified by the regulatory agencies as TDRs.

As the following table illustrates, total non-performing assets, net of guarantees of the State of California and U.S. Government, including its agencies and its government-sponsored agencies, ~~decreased $752,000,~~increased $1,843,000 or ~~17.8%,~~12.2% to ~~$3,464,000~~$16,957,000 during the first ~~nine~~three months of ~~2017.~~2021. Non-performing assets, net of guarantees, represented ~~0.3%~~1.0% of total assets at ~~September 30, 2017.~~March 31, 2021.

	At September 30, 2017							At December 31, 2016							At March 31, 2021							At December 31, 2020
	Gross		Guaranteed		Net			Gross		Guaranteed		Net			Gross		Guaranteed		Net			Gross		Guaranteed		Net
(dollars in thousands)

Non-accrual loans	$	2,781	$	72	$	2,709		$	6,297	$	2,081	$	4,216		$	17,052	$	95	$	16,957		$	15,211	$	97	$	15,114
Loans 90 days past due and still accruing		755		—		755			—		—		—			—		—		—			—		—		—

Total non-performing loans		3,536		72		3,464			6,297		2,081		4,216			17,052		95		16,957			15,211		97		15,114
Other real estate owned		—		—		—			—		—		—			—		—		—			—		—		—
Total non-performing assets	$	3,536	$	72	$	3,464		$	6,297	$	2,081	$	4,216			17,052		95		16,957			15,211		97		15,114

Non-performing loans (net of guarantees) to total loans						0.5	%						0.6	%						1.8	%						1.7	%
Non-performing assets (net of guarantees) to total assets						0.3	%						0.4	%						1.0	%						0.9	%
Allowance for loan and lease losses to non-performing loans (net of guarantees)						333.8	%						258.5	%						92.7	%						102.0	%

The Company had ~~one loan totaling $755,000 that was 90 days or more past due and still accruing at September 30, 2017 and~~ no loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing at March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016.~~2020.

Excluding the non-performing loans cited previously, loans totaling ~~$368,000~~$9,413,000 and ~~$3,324,000~~$11,878,000 were classified as substandard ~~or doubtful~~ loans, representing potential problem loans at ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016,~~2020, respectively. In ~~Management's~~Management’s opinion, the potential loss related to these problem loans was sufficiently covered by the ~~Bank's~~Bank’s existing loan loss reserve (Allowance for Loan Losses) at ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016.~~2020. The ratio of the Allowance for Loan Losses to total loans at ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016~~2020 was ~~1.64%~~1.63% and ~~1.60%~~1.73%, respectively.

Other real estate owned ~~("OREO"~~(“OREO”) consists of property that the Company has acquired by deed in lieu of foreclosure or through foreclosure proceedings, and property that the Company does not hold title to but is in actual control of, known as in-substance foreclosure. The estimated fair value of the property is determined prior to transferring the balance to OREO. The balance transferred to OREO is the estimated fair value of the property less estimated cost to sell. Impairment may be deemed necessary to bring the book value of the loan equal to the appraised value. Appraisals or loan officer evaluations are then conducted periodically thereafter charging any additional impairment to the appropriate expense account. The Company had no OREO as of ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016.~~2020.

Index

Allowance for Loan Losses

The ~~Company's~~Company’s Allowance for Loan Losses is maintained at a level believed by management to be adequate to provide for loan and other credit losses that can be reasonably anticipated. The allowance is increased by provisions charged to operating expense and reduced by net charge-offs. The Company contracts with vendors for credit reviews of the loan portfolio as well as considers current economic conditions, loan loss experience, and other factors in determining the adequacy of the reserve balance. The allowance for loan losses is based on estimates, and actual losses may vary from current estimates.

The following table summarizes the Allowance for Loan Losses of the Company during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and ~~2016,~~2020, and for the year ended December 31, ~~2016:~~2020:

Analysis of the Allowance for Loan Losses

(Amounts in thousands, except percentage amounts)

	Nine months ended September 30,						Year ended December 31,			Three months ended March 31,						Year ended December 31,
	2017			2016			2016			2021			2020			2020

Balance at beginning of period	$	10,899		$	9,251		$	9,251		$	15,416		$	12,356		$	12,356
Provision for loan losses		600			1,350			1,800			300			650			3,050
Loans charged-off:
Commercial		(220	)		(417	)		(446	)		(13	)		(145	)		(212	)
Commercial Real Estate		—			(15	)		(15	)		—			—			—
Agriculture		—			—			—			—			—			—
Residential Mortgage		—			—			(13	)		—			—			—
Residential Construction		—			—			—			—			—			—
Consumer		(25	)		(52	)		(65	)		(3	)		(9	)		(15	)

Total charged-off		(245	)		(484	)		(539	)		(16	)		(154	)		(227	)

Recoveries:
Commercial		149			34			37			8			11			201
Commercial Real Estate		—			—			—			—			—			—
Agriculture		—			81			81			—			—			—
Residential Mortgage		96			1			1			—			—			—
Residential Construction		4			4			5			—			—			—
Consumer		60			58			263			5			6			36

Total recoveries		309			178			387			13			17			237

Net recoveries (charge-offs)		64			(306	)		(152	)
Net (charge-offs) recoveries											(3	)		(137	)		10

Balance at end of period	$	11,563		$	10,295		$	10,899		$	15,713		$	12,869		$	15,416

Ratio of net recoveries (charge-offs) to average loans outstanding during the period (annualized)		0.01	%		(0.06	%)		(0.02	%)
Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans outstanding during the period (annualized)											0.00	%		(0.07	%)		0.00	%
Allowance for loan losses
To total loans at the end of the period		1.64	%		1.58	%		1.60	%		1.63	%		1.67	%		1.73	%
To non-performing loans, net of guarantees at the end of the period		333.8	%		243.5	%		258.5	%		92.7	%		1,152.1	%		102.0	%

The allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans, net of guarantees was 333.8% and 243.5% as of September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively. The increase in allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans, net of guarantees, was due to an increase in allowance for loan losses and a decrease in non-performing loans. The increase in allowance for loan losses during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was due to an increase in total loans as well as an increase in qualitative risk factors primarily for commercial, commercial real estate and consumer loans. The increase in qualitative risk factors were primarily due to increased concentration risk, personnel changes and various economic factors.

Index

Deposits

Deposits are one of the ~~Company's~~Company’s primary sources of funds. At ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2021, the Company had the following deposit mix: ~~31.3%~~26.9% in savings and MMDA deposits, ~~7.2%~~3.6% in time deposits, ~~28.0%~~25.5% in interest-bearing transaction deposits and ~~33.5%~~44.0% in non-interest-bearing transaction deposits. At December 31, ~~2016,~~2020, the Company had the following deposit mix: ~~31.2%~~26.1% in savings and MMDA deposits, ~~7.1%~~3.8% in time deposits, ~~27.6%~~26.4% in interest-bearing transaction deposits and ~~34.1%~~43.7% in non-interest-bearing transaction deposits. Non-interest-bearing transaction deposits increase the ~~Company's~~Company’s net interest income by lowering its cost of funds.

The Company obtains deposits primarily from the communities it serves. The Company believes that no material portion of its deposits has been obtained from or is dependent on any one person or industry. The Company accepts deposits in excess of $250,000 from customers. These deposits are priced to remain competitive.

Maturities of time certificates of deposits of over $250,000 or more outstanding at ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 and December 31, ~~2016~~2020 are summarized as follows:

	(in thousands)				(in thousands)
	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016		March 31, 2021		December 31, 2020
Three months or less	$	5,281	$	2,676	$	1,743	$	5,110
Over three to twelve months		6,972		10,058		6,540		5,877
Over twelve months		7,761		2,524		6,636		3,656
Total	$	20,014	$	15,258	$	14,919	$	14,643

Liquidity and Capital Resources

In order to serve our market area and comply with banking regulations, the Company must maintain adequate liquidity and adequate capital. Liquidity is measured by various ~~ratios;~~ratios, in ~~management's~~management’s opinion, the most common being the ratio of net loans to deposits (including loans held-for-sale). This ratio was ~~64.3%~~59.2% on ~~September 30, 2017.~~March 31, 2021. In addition, on ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2021, the Company had the following short-term investments (based on remaining maturity and/or next repricing date): ~~$29,319,000~~$17,748,000 in securities due within one year or less; and ~~$44,881,000~~$93,114,000 in securities due in one to five years.

To meet unanticipated funding requirements, the Company maintains short-term unsecured lines of credit with other banks which totaled ~~$80,000,000~~$122,000,000 at ~~September 30, 2017.~~March 31, 2021. Additionally, the Company has a line of credit with the FHLB, with a remaining borrowing capacity at ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2021 of ~~$293,833,000;~~$292,864,000; credit availability is subject to certain collateral requirements.

The ~~Company's~~Company’s primary source of liquidity on a stand-alone basis is dividends from the Bank. Dividends from the Bank are subject to regulatory restrictions.

As of September 30, 2017, the Bank's capital ratios exceeded applicable regulatory requirements. The following table presents the capital ratios for the Bank, compared to the regulatory standards for well-capitalized depository institutions, as of September 30, 2017.

(amounts in thousands except percentage amounts)
Actual Well Capitalized
Capital Ratio
Ratio
Requirement

Leverage $ 100,120 8.50 % 5.0 %
Common Equity Tier 1 $ 100,120 12.38 % 6.5 %
Tier 1 Risk-Based $ 100,120 12.38 % 8.0 %
Total Risk-Based $ 110,256 13.64 % 10.0 %

In July 2013, the ~~Federal Reserve Board~~FRB and the other U.S. federal banking agencies adopted final rules making significant changes to the U.S. regulatory capital framework for U.S. banking organizations and to conform this framework to the guidelines published by the Basel ~~Committee's current international regulatory capital accord (Basel III).~~Committee known as the Basel III Global Regulatory Framework for Capital and Liquidity. The Basel Committee is a committee of banking supervisory authorities from major countries in the global financial system which formulates broad supervisory standards and guidelines relating to financial institutions for implementation on a country-by-country basis. These rules adopted by the FRB and the other federal banking agencies (the U.S. Basel III Capital Rules) replaced the federal banking ~~agencies'~~agencies’ general risk-based capital rules, advanced approaches rule, ~~market-risk~~market risk rule, and leverage rules, in accordance with certain transition provisions. ~~The Bank~~

Banks, such as First Northern, became subject to the ~~new~~final rules on January 1, 2015. The ~~new~~final rules implement higher minimum capital requirements, include a new common equity Tier 1 capital requirement, and establish criteria that instruments must meet in order to be considered common equity Tier 1 capital, additional Tier 1 capital, or Tier 2 capital. ~~When fully phased in, the~~The final rules ~~will~~ provide for increased minimum capital ratios as follows: (a) a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 4.5%; (b) a Tier 1 capital ratio of 6% ~~(which is an increase from 4.0%)~~; (c) a total capital ratio of 8%; and (d) a Tier 1 leverage ratio to average consolidated assets of 4%. Under ~~the new~~these rules, in order to avoid certain limitations on capital distributions, including dividend payments and certain discretionary bonus payments to executive officers, a banking organization must hold a capital conservation buffer composed of common equity Tier 1 capital above its minimum risk-based capital requirements (equal to 2.5% of total risk-weighted assets). The ~~phase-in of the~~ capital conservation buffer ~~began on January 1, 2016,~~is designed to absorb losses during periods of economic stress.

Pursuant to the EGRRCPA, the FRB adopted a final rule, effective August 31, 2018, amending the Small Bank Holding Company and Savings and Loan Holding Company Policy Statement (the “policy statement”) to increase the consolidated assets threshold to qualify to utilize the provisions of the policy statement from $1 billion to $3 billion. Bank holding companies, such as the Company, are subject to capital adequacy requirements of the FRB; however, bank holding companies which are subject to the policy statement are not subject to compliance with the regulatory capital requirements until they hold $3 billion or more in consolidated total assets. As a consequence, as of December 31, 2018, the Company was not required to comply with the FRB’s regulatory capital requirements until such time that its consolidated total assets equal $3 billion or more or if the FRB determines that the Company is no longer deemed to be a small bank holding company. However, if the Company had been subject to these regulatory capital requirements, it would have exceeded all regulatory requirements.

Index

In August of 2020, the Federal banking agencies adopted the final version of the community bank leverage ratio framework rule (the “CBLR”), implementing two interim final rules adopted in April of 2020. The rule provides an optional, simplified measure of capital adequacy. Under the optional CBLR framework, the CBLR will be ~~completed by January 1, 2019.~~8.5 percent through calendar year 2021 and 9 percent thereafter. The ~~new rules also provide for various adjustments and deductions~~rule is applicable to all non-advanced approaches FDIC-supervised institutions with less than $10 billion in total consolidated assets. Banks not electing the CBLR framework will continue to be subject to the ~~definitions~~generally applicable risk-based capital rule. At the present time, the Company and the Bank do not intend to elect to use the CBLR framework.

As of March 31, 2021, the Bank’s capital ratios exceeded applicable regulatory requirements. The following table presents the capital ~~that will phase in through December~~ratios for the Bank, compared to the regulatory standards for well-capitalized depository institutions, as of March 31, ~~2017.~~2021.

	(amounts in thousands except percentage amounts)
	Actual					Well Capitalized Ratio Requirement
	Capital		Ratio			Well Capitalized Ratio Requirement
Leverage	$	144,788		8.40	%		5.0	%
Common Equity Tier 1	$	144,788		15.94	%		6.5	%
Tier 1 Risk-Based	$	144,788		15.94	%		8.0	%
Total Risk-Based	$	156,205		17.20	%		10.0	%

Index

ITEM 3. – QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The Company believes that there have been no material changes in the quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk as of ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2021, from those presented in the ~~Company's~~Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, ~~2016,~~2020, which are incorporated by reference herein.

ITEM 4. – CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

(a) We maintain ~~"disclosure~~“disclosure controls and procedures,"” as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the ~~"Exchange Act"~~“Exchange Act”), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Our disclosure controls and procedures have been designed to meet reasonable assurance standards. Additionally, in designing disclosure controls and procedures, our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Our Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer) have concluded that the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of ~~September 30, 2017.~~March 31, 2021. This conclusion is based on an evaluation conducted under the supervision and with the participation of management.

(b) During the quarter ended ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2021, there were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. – LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Neither the Company nor the Bank is a party to any material pending legal proceeding, nor is any of their property the subject of any material pending legal proceeding, except ordinary routine litigation arising in the ordinary course of the ~~Bank's~~Bank’s business and incidental to its business, none of which is expected to have a material adverse impact upon the ~~Company's~~Company’s or the ~~Bank's~~Bank’s business, financial position or results of operations.

ITEM 1A. – RISK FACTORS

For a discussion of risk factors relating to our business, please refer to Part I, Item 1A of our ~~2016~~2020 Form 10-K, which is incorporated by reference herein, and to the following:

Increases in the Allowance for Loan Losses Would Adversely Affect the Bank’s Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The ~~Bank's~~Bank’s allowance for estimated losses on loans was approximately $15.7 million, or 1.63% of total loans, at March 31, 2021, compared to $15.4 million, or 1.73% of total loans, at December 31, 2020, and 92.7% of total non-performing loans net of guaranteed portions at March 31, 2021, compared to 102.0% of total non-performing loans, net of guaranteed portions at December 31, 2020. Provision for loan losses totaled $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to $0.7 million for the same period in 2020.

The COVID-19 pandemic and related responses to the pandemic by federal, state and local governments have negatively impacted the U.S., California and global economies, significantly increased economic uncertainty, reduced economic activity, increased unemployment levels, and resulted in temporary and permanent closures of many businesses and restrictions on business and social activities in many states and communities, including many markets where we have operations. The pandemic, the early economic effects of which began to be felt late in the first quarter of 2020 and have continued into 2021, has resulted and can be expected to continue to result in the recognition of credit losses in our loan portfolios and increases in our allowance for credit losses, particularly if businesses remain closed or indoor operations limited, the impact on the national and local economies worsens, or more customers draw on their lines of credit or seek additional loans to help finance their businesses. Material future additions to the allowance for estimated losses on loans may be necessary if such material adverse changes in economic conditions continue to occur and the performance of the Bank’s loan portfolio deteriorates.

Index

In addition, the pandemic may significantly affect the commercial and residential real estate markets in the U.S. generally, and in California in particular, decreasing property values, increasing the risk of defaults and reducing the value of real estate collateral. An allowance for losses on other real estate owned may also be required in order to reflect changes in the markets for real estate in which the Bank’s other real estate owned is located and other factors which may result in adjustments which are necessary to ensure that the Bank’s foreclosed assets are carried at the lower of cost or fair value, less estimated costs to dispose of the properties. Moreover, the FDIC and the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Bank’s allowance for estimated losses on loans and the carrying value of its assets. Increases in the provisions for estimated losses on loans and foreclosed assets would adversely affect the Bank’s financial condition and results of operations.

The Bank’s Dependence on Real Estate Lending Increases Our Risk of Losses, Particularly Given the Continuing or Worsening Economic and Financial Market Conditions Caused by the COVID-19 Pandemic

At ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2021, approximately ~~75%~~68% of the ~~Bank's~~Bank’s loans in principal amount (excluding loans held-for-sale) were secured by real estate. We do not yet know the full extent of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the U.S., California or global economies or our market areas in particular; however, the pandemic has dramatically and adversely impacted economic conditions and can be expected to result in prolonged continuing or worsening recessionary economic and financial market conditions. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, following a declaration of a state of emergency in early March, the California state government issued a strict shelter-in-place order on March 19, 2020, instituting social distancing requirements and closing all non-essential businesses. Later in 2020, the California state government adopted a four-phase reopening plan. The ability of a county to move into a phase with fewer restrictions on economic and social activities is dependent upon the county’s compliance with parameters such as the county’s case rate, test positivity rate, and a health equity metric. As of this time, the California state government, as well as the county health departments in our market area, continue to limit business re-openings in certain sectors and/or with capacity and other restrictions. The value of the ~~Bank's~~Bank’s real estate collateral has been, and could in the future continue to be, adversely affected by this prolonged reduction in economic activity and the economic recession ~~and~~in California, which has had resulting adverse ~~impact~~impacts, which could be material, on the real estate market in Northern California.

The ~~Bank's~~Bank’s primary lending focus has historically been commercial (including agricultural), construction, and real estate mortgage. At ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2021, real estate mortgage (excluding loans held-for-sale) and construction loans (residential and other) comprised approximately ~~70%~~67% and 4%1%, respectively, of the total loans in the ~~Bank's~~Bank’s portfolio. At ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2021, all of the ~~Bank's~~Bank’s real estate mortgage and construction loans and approximately ~~15%~~1% of its commercial loans were secured fully or in part by deeds of trust on underlying real estate. The ~~Company's~~Company’s dependence on real estate increases the risk of loss in both the ~~Bank's~~Bank’s loan portfolio and its holdings of other real estate owned if economic conditions in Northern California deteriorate in the future. California markets have experienced a strong recovery in home prices since the housing market crisis; however, home price growth has begun to moderate and some fundamentals of the housing market have remained soft through the recovery. A renewed downturn and deteriorationfurther deteriorate. Deterioration of the real estate market in Northern California would have a material adverse effect on the ~~Company's~~Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The CFPB has adopted various regulations which have impacted, and will continue to impact, our residential mortgage lending business. ~~For additional information, see "Business – Certain CFPB Rules" in Item 1 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.~~

~~Adverse economic factors affecting certain industries the Bank serves could adversely affect our business.~~

We are subject to certain industry specific economic factors. For example, a portion of the Bank's total loan portfolio is related to residential and commercial real estate, especially in California. Increases in residential mortgage loan interest rates could have an adverse effect on the Bank's operations by depressing new mortgage loan originations, which in turn could negatively impact the Bank's title and escrow deposit levels. Additionally, a further downturn in the residential real estate and housing industries in California could have an adverse effect on the Bank's operations and the quality of its real estate and construction loan portfolio. Although the Bank does not engage in subprime or negative amortization lending, effects of recent subprime market challenges, combined with the ongoing challenges in the U.S. and California real estate markets, could result in further price reductions in single family home prices and a lack of liquidity in refinancing markets. These factors could adversely impact the quality of the Bank's residential construction, residential mortgage and construction related commercial portfolios in various ways, including by decreasing the value of the collateral for our loans. These factors could also negatively affect the economy in general and thereby the Bank's overall loan portfolio.

The Bank provides financing to, and receives deposits from, businesses in a number of other industries that may be particularly vulnerable to industry-specific economic factors, including the home building, commercial real estate, retail, agricultural, industrial, and commercial industries. The home building industry in California has been especially adversely impacted by the deterioration in residential real estate markets, which has lead the Bank to take additional provisions and charge-offs against credit losses in this portfolio. Continued increases in fuel prices and energy costs and the continuation of the drought in California could adversely affect businesses in several of these industries. Recent wildfires across California and in our market area have resulted in significant damage and destruction of property and equipment. The fire damage caused may result in adverse economic impacts to those affected markets and beyond. Industry specific risks are beyond the Bank's control and could adversely affect the Bank's portfolio of loans, potentially resulting in an increase in non-performing loans or charge-offs and a slowing of growth or reduction in our loan portfolio.

~~Adverse California Economic Conditions Could Adversely Affect the Bank's Business~~

The Bank's operations and a substantial majority of the Bank's assets and deposits are generated and concentrated primarily in Northern California, particularly the counties of Placer, Sacramento, Solano and Yolo, and are likely to remain so for the foreseeable future. At September 30, 2017, approximately 75% of the Bank's loan portfolio in principal amount (excluding loans held-for-sale) consisted of real estate-related loans, all of which were secured by collateral located in Northern California. As a result, a downturn in the economic conditions in Northern California may cause the Bank to incur losses associated with high default rates and decreased collateral values in its loan portfolio. Economic conditions in California are subject to various uncertainties including deterioration in the California real estate market and housing industry.

At times, economic conditions in California, and especially the regional markets we serve, have been subject to various challenges, including significant deterioration in the residential real estate sector and the California state government's budgetary and fiscal difficulties. While California home prices and the California economy in general have experienced a recovery in recent years, there can be no assurance that the recovery will continue. Recent growth in home prices in some California markets may be unsustainable relative to market fundamentals, and home price declines may occur.

In addition, until 2013, the State government of California experienced budget shortfalls or deficits that led to protracted negotiations between the Governor and the State Legislature over how to address the budget gap. The California electorate approved, in the 2012 general elections, certain increases in the rate of income taxation in California. However, there can be no assurance that the state's fiscal and budgetary challenges will not recur. In addition, the impact of increased rates of income taxation on the level of economic activity in California cannot be predicted at this time.

Also, municipalities and other governmental units within California have been experiencing budgetary difficulties, and several California municipalities have filed for protection under the Bankruptcy Code. As a result, concerns also have arisen regarding the outlook for the State of California's governmental obligations, as well as those of California municipalities and other governmental units.

Poor economic conditions in California, and especially the regional markets we serve, will cause us to incur losses associated with higher default rates and decreased collateral values in our loan portfolio. If the budgetary and fiscal difficulties of the California State government and California municipalities and other governmental units were to recur or economic conditions in California decline, we expect that our level of problem assets will increase and our prospects for growth will be impaired.

52Index

~~Potential Volatility of Deposits May Increase Our Cost of Funds~~

At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, 2% and 1% of the dollar value of the Company's total deposits was represented by time certificates of deposit in excess of $250,000, respectively. Although we have adopted a pricing strategy designed to reduce the level of time deposits, these deposits are also considered volatile and could be subject to withdrawal. Withdrawal of a material amount of such deposits could adversely impact the Company's liquidity, profitability, business prospects, results of operations and cash flows.

ITEM 2. – UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 3. – DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. – MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. – OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 6. – EXHIBITS

Exhibit Number		Description of Document

~~10.26~~		~~Amended and Restated Executive Deferral Plan of First Northern Bank effective July 20, 2017.~~

~~10.27~~		~~Executive Retirement/Retention Participation Agreement for Joe Danelson, Executive Vice President and Chief Credit Officer.~~

~~10.28~~		~~Executive Retirement/Retention Participation Agreement for Jeremiah Z. Smith, Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer & Chief Operating Officer.~~

31.1		Rule 13a — 14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer

31.2		Rule 13a — 14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer

32.1*		Statement of the Chief Executive Officer under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. Section 1350)

32.2*		Statement of the Chief Financial Officer under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. Section 1350)

~~101~~101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document).
101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF		~~Pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T, the following financial information from the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017, is formatted~~Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in XBRL interactive data files: (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income; (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income; (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity; (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (vi) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.Exhibit 101).

* In accordance with Item 601(b)(32)(ii) of Regulation S-K and SEC Release No. 34-47986, the certifications furnished in Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 hereto are deemed to accompany this Form 10-Q and will not be deemed ~~"filed"~~“filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act. Such certifications will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

Index

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

				FIRST NORTHERN COMMUNITY BANCORP

Date:	~~November 1, 2017~~May 6, 2021	By:		/s/ ~~Jeremiah Z. Smith~~Kevin Spink

			~~Jeremiah Z. Smith, Senior~~	Kevin Spink, Executive Vice President / Chief ~~Operating Officer and Chief~~ Financial Officer
				(Principal Financial Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)

California		68-0450397
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

195 N. First Street, Dixon, California		95620
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

Title of each class		Trading symbols(s)		Name of each exchange on which registered
None		Not Applicable		Not Applicable

Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☒☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐ ~~(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)~~☒	Smaller reporting company ☒
Emerging growth company ☐

($ in thousands)	Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Number of Contracts		Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment			Post- modification outstanding recorded investment
Commercial		1		$	2,410		$	2,410
Total		1		$	2,410		$	2,410

	Number of Shares		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Aggregate Intrinsic Value			Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)		Number of Shares			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Aggregate Intrinsic Value		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
Options outstanding at Beginning of Period		250,594	$	7.72							607,631		$	8.91
Granted		—		—							0			0
Expired		—		—							0			0
Cancelled / Forfeited		—		—							0			0
Exercised		—		—							(9,684	)		3.31
Options outstanding at End of Period		250,594	$	7.72		$	1,099,604		6.99		597,947			9.01	$	1,008,507		6.58
Exercisable (vested) at End of Period		118,731	$	6.03		$	722,439		5.21		394,704		$	8.21	$	977,478		5.61

	Number of Shares			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		Aggregate Intrinsic Value	Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
Non-vested Restricted stock outstanding at Beginning of Period		106,998		$	8.03
Granted		1,824			11.96
Cancelled / Forfeited		—		$	—
Exercised/Released/Vested		(1,735	)		5.15
Non-vested restricted stock outstanding at End of Period		107,087		$	8.14	$1,295,753	2.71

($ in thousands)	Unrealized Gains (losses) on Securities			Officers' retirement plan			Directors' retirement plan		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(loss)
Balance as of June 30, 2017	$	(1,565	)	$	(732	)	$	14	$	(2,283	)
Current period other comprehensive income (loss)		175			—			—		175
Balance as of September 30, 2017	$	(1,390	)	$	(732	)	$	14	$	(2,108	)

($ in thousands)	Unrealized Gains on Securities			Officers' retirement plan			Directors' retirement plan		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(loss)
Balance as of June 30, 2016	$	1,061		$	(662	)	$	17	$	416
Current period other comprehensive income (loss)		(388	)		—			—		(388	)
Balance as of September 30, 2016	$	673		$	(662	)	$	17	$	28

($ in thousands)	Unrealized Gains on Securities		Officers' retirement plan			Directors' retirement plan		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(loss)
Balance as of December 31, 2015	$	150	$	(662	)	$	17	$	(495	)
Current period other comprehensive income (loss)		523		—			—		523
Balance as of September 30, 2016	$	673	$	(662	)	$	17	$	28

	Three months ended September 30, 2017							Three months ended June 30, 2017
	Average Balance		Interest		Yield/ Rate			Average Balance		Interest		Yield/ Rate
Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Loans (1)	$	677,295	$	8,394		4.92	%	$	672,786	$	8,211		4.90	%
Certificates of deposit		3,968		12		1.20	%		4,852		15		1.24	%
Interest bearing due from banks		121,681		407		1.33	%		114,494		276		0.97	%
Investment securities, taxable		292,051		1,252		1.70	%		281,357		1,191		1.70	%
Investment securities, non-taxable (2)		16,915		61		1.43	%		19,080		73		1.53	%
Other interest earning assets		5,567		93		6.63	%		5,313		83		6.27	%
Total average interest-earning assets		1,117,477		10,219		3.63	%		1,097,882		9,849		3.60	%
Non-interest-earning assets:
Cash and due from banks		25,225							24,786
Premises and equipment, net		6,256							6,065
Interest receivable and other assets		28,798							28,361
Total average assets	$	1,177,756						$	1,157,094

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing transaction deposits		293,682		63		0.09	%		291,423		61		0.08	%
Savings and MMDA's		333,154		133		0.16	%		324,552		117		0.14	%
Time, $250,000 and under		57,941		54		0.37	%		58,333		54		0.37	%
Time, over $250,000		20,149		22		0.43	%		20,800		23		0.44	%
Total average interest-bearing liabilities		704,926		272		0.15	%		695,108		255		0.15	%
Non-interest-bearing liabilities:
Non-interest-bearing demand deposits		362,329							354,590
Interest payable and other liabilities		10,764							10,387
Total liabilities		1,078,019							1,060,085
Total average stockholders' equity		99,737							97,009
Total average liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	1,177,756						$	1,157,094
Net interest income and net interest margin (3)			$	9,947		3.53	%			$	9,594		3.51	%

	(amounts in thousands except percentage amounts)
	Actual						Well Capitalized
	Capital			Ratio			Ratio Requirement
Leverage		$	100,120		8.50	%		5.0	%
Common Equity Tier 1		$	100,120		12.38	%		6.5	%
Tier 1 Risk-Based		$	100,120		12.38	%		8.0	%
Total Risk-Based		$	110,256		13.64	%		10.0	%