UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☑
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020

or

☐
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 0-3722

ATLANTIC AMERICAN CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Georgia 58-1027114
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

4370 Peachtree Road, N.E.,
Atlanta, Georgia
 30319
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(404) 266-5500
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class 
Trading
Symbol(s)
 Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share AAME NASDAQ Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes  ☑   No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).   Yes  ☑   No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer  ☐   Accelerated filer  ☐   Non-accelerated filer  ☐  Smaller reporting company  ☑   Emerging growth company  ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   Yes  ☐   No  ☑

The total number of shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $1 par value, outstanding on July 24,October 22, 2020 was 20,454,00120,414,279.

ATLANTIC AMERICAN CORPORATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part I.Financial Information 
   
Item 1.
2
   
 2
   
 3
   
 4
   
 5
   
 6
   
 7
   
Item 2.
21
18
   
Item 4.
2824
   
Part II.Other Information 
   
Item 2.
2925
   
Item 6.
2925
   
 30
26

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

ATLANTIC AMERICAN CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in thousands, except share data)
 
Unaudited
September 30,
2020
  
December 31,
2019
 
ASSETSASSETSASSETS 
 
Unaudited
June 30,
2020
  
December 31,
2019
 
Cash and cash equivalents 
$
16,354
  
$
12,893
  
$
8,940
  
$
12,893
 
Investments:            
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost: $214,080 and $219,233) 
236,187
  
232,472
 
Equity securities, at fair value (cost: $7,311 and $7,168) 
15,965
  
22,922
 
Other invested assets (cost: $11,905 and $9,908) 
11,454
  
9,960
 
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost: $222,969 and $219,233) 
247,997
  
232,472
 
Equity securities, at fair value (cost: $6,400 and $7,168) 
14,323
  
22,922
 
Other invested assets (cost: $9,908 and $9,908) 
9,097
  
9,960
 
Policy loans 
2,018
  
2,007
  
1,964
  
2,007
 
Real estate 
38
  
38
  
38
  
38
 
Investment in unconsolidated trusts  
1,238
   
1,238
   
1,238
   
1,238
 
Total investments  
266,900
   
268,637
   
274,657
   
268,637
 
Receivables:            
Reinsurance 
27,562
  
32,135
  
29,961
  
32,135
 
Insurance premiums and other (net of allowance for doubtful accounts: $197 and $183) 
23,785
  
13,134
 
Insurance premiums and other (net of allowance for doubtful accounts: $198 and $183) 
20,039
  
13,134
 
Deferred income taxes, net 
1,144
  
314
  
679
  
314
 
Deferred acquisition costs 
39,148
  
38,861
  
39,769
  
38,861
 
Other assets 
8,300
  
9,108
  
8,363
  
9,108
 
Intangibles  
2,544
   
2,544
   
2,544
   
2,544
 
Total assets 
$
385,737
  
$
377,626
  
$
384,952
  
$
377,626
 
            
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITYLIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 
Insurance reserves and policyholder funds:            
Future policy benefits 
$
91,927
  
$
92,490
  
$
91,694
  
$
92,490
 
Unearned premiums 
35,091
  
26,035
  
30,198
  
26,035
 
Losses and claims 
76,498
  
81,448
  
78,157
  
81,448
 
Other policy liabilities  
1,195
   
1,933
   
1,015
   
1,933
 
Total insurance reserves and policyholder funds 
204,711
  
201,906
  
201,064
  
201,906
 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 
23,394
  
23,588
  
22,135
  
23,588
 
Junior subordinated debenture obligations, net  
33,738
   
33,738
   
33,738
   
33,738
 
Total liabilities  
261,843
   
259,232
   
256,937
   
259,232
 
            
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)            
Shareholders’ equity:            
Preferred stock, $1 par, 4,000,000 shares authorized; Series D preferred, 55,000 shares issued and outstanding; $5,500 redemption value 
55
  
55
  
55
  
55
 
Common stock, $1 par, 50,000,000 shares authorized; shares issued: 22,400,894; shares outstanding: 20,454,001 and 20,472,162 
22,401
  
22,401
 
Common stock, $1 par, 50,000,000 shares authorized; shares issued: 22,400,894; shares outstanding: 20,414,279 and 20,472,162 
22,401
  
22,401
 
Additional paid-in capital 
57,435
  
57,820
  
57,436
  
57,820
 
Retained earnings 
34,266
  
36,020
  
36,042
  
36,020
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income 
17,464
  
10,459
  
19,772
  
10,459
 
Unearned stock grant compensation 
(466
)
 
(781
)
 
(350
)
 
(781
)
Treasury stock, at cost: 1,946,893 and 1,928,732 shares  
(7,261
)
  
(7,580
)
Treasury stock, at cost: 1,986,615 and 1,928,732 shares  
(7,341
)
  
(7,580
)
Total shareholders’ equity  
123,894
   
118,394
   
128,015
   
118,394
 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity 
$
385,737
  
$
377,626
  
$
384,952
  
$
377,626
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

ATLANTIC AMERICAN CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited; Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020 2019 2020 2019  2020  2019  2020  2019 
Revenue:                     
Insurance premiums, net 
$
46,499
  
$
45,469
  
$
92,049
  
$
90,251
  
$
44,978
  
$
45,005
  
$
137,027
  
$
135,256
 
Net investment income 
1,850
  
2,313
  
3,889
  
4,647
  
1,828
  
2,187
  
5,717
  
6,834
 
Realized investment gains, net 
-
  
610
  
249
  
1,995
 
Realized investment gains (losses), net 
183
  
(430
)
 
432
  
1,565
 
Unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities, net 
1,355
  
(5,337
)
 
(7,100
)
 
1,152
  
(731
)
 
944
  
(7,831
)
 
2,096
 
Other income  
33
   
72
   
60
   
100
   
11
   
39
   
71
   
139
 
Total revenue  
49,737
   
43,127
   
89,147
   
98,145
   
46,269
   
47,745
   
135,416
   
145,890
 
                        
Benefits and expenses:                        
Insurance benefits and losses incurred 
27,076
  
34,151
  
60,659
  
69,458
  
29,219
  
34,719
  
89,878
  
104,177
 
Commissions and underwriting expenses 
10,854
  
11,509
  
23,480
  
22,524
  
11,202
  
11,471
  
34,682
  
33,995
 
Interest expense 
414
  
545
  
890
  
1,091
  
363
  
533
  
1,253
  
1,624
 
Other expense  
3,112
   
2,511
   
6,064
   
5,376
   
3,052
   
2,766
   
9,116
   
8,142
 
Total benefits and expenses  
41,456
   
48,716
   
91,093
   
98,449
   
43,836
   
49,489
   
134,929
   
147,938
 
Income (loss) before income taxes 
8,281
  
(5,589
)
 
(1,946
)
 
(304
)
 
2,433
  
(1,744
)
 
487
  
(2,048
)
Income tax expense (benefit)  
1,749
   
(1,163
)
  
(391
)
  
(40
)
  
557
   
(352
)
  
166
   
(392
)
Net income (loss) 
6,532
  
(4,426
)
 
(1,555
)
 
(264
)
 
1,876
  
(1,392
)
 
321
  
(1,656
)
Preferred stock dividends  
(100
)
  
(100
)
  
(199
)
  
(199
)
  
(100
)
  
(100
)
  
(299
)
  
(299
)
Net income (loss) applicable to common shareholders 
$
6,432
  
$
(4,526
)
 
$
(1,754
)
 
$
(463
)
 
$
1,776
  
$
(1,492
)
 
$
22
  
$
(1,955
)
Earnings (loss) per common share (basic) 
$
.31
  
$
(.22
)
 
$
(.09
)
 
$
(.02
)
 
$
.09
  
$
(.07
)
 
$
—
  
$
(.10
)
Earnings (loss) per common share (diluted) 
$
.30
  
$
(.22
)
 
$
(.09
)
 
$
(.02
)
 
$
.09
  
$
(.07
)
 
$
—
  
$
(.10
)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

ATLANTIC AMERICAN CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited; Dollars in thousands)

 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020 2019 2020 2019  2020 2019 2020 2019 
Net income (loss) 
$
6,532
  
$
(4,426
)
 
$
(1,555
)
 
$
(264
)
 
$
1,876
  
$
(1,392
)
 
$
321
  
$
(1,656
)
Other comprehensive income:                        
Available-for-sale fixed maturity securities:
                        
Gross unrealized holding gain arising in the period 
19,997
  
7,964
  
9,117
  
16,404
  
3,016
  
5,871
  
12,133
  
22,275
 
Related income tax effect  
(4,200
)
  
(1,673
)
  
(1,915
)
  
(3,445
)
  
(633
)
  
(1,232
)
  
(2,548
)
  
(4,677
)
Subtotal 
15,797
  
6,291
  
7,202
  
12,959
  
2,383
  
4,639
  
9,585
  
17,598
 
Less: reclassification adjustment for net realized gains included in net income (loss) 
-
  
(610
)
 
(249
)
 
(882
)
Less: reclassification adjustment for net realized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) 
(95
)
 
538
  
(344
)
 
(344
)
Related income tax effect  
-
   
128
   
52
   
185
   
20
   
(113
)
  
72
   
72
 
Subtotal  
-
   
(482
)
  
(197
)
  
(697
)
  
(75
)
  
425
   
(272
)
  
(272
)
Total other comprehensive income, net of tax  
15,797
   
5,809
   
7,005
   
12,262
   
2,308
   
5,064
   
9,313
   
17,326
 
Total comprehensive income 
$
22,329
  
$
1,383
  
$
5,450
  
$
11,998
  
$
4,184
  
$
3,672
  
$
9,634
  
$
15,670
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

ATLANTIC AMERICAN CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited; Dollars in thousands except share data)

 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020 2019 2020 2019  2020  2019  2020  2019 
Preferred stock:                     
Balance, beginning of period 
$
55
  
$
55
  
$
55
  
$
55
  
$
55
  
$
55
  
$
55
  
$
55
 
Balance, end of period 
55
  
55
  
55
  
55
  
55
  
55
  
55
  
55
 
Common stock:                        
Balance, beginning of period 
22,401
  
22,401
  
22,401
  
22,401
  
22,401
  
22,401
  
22,401
  
22,401
 
Balance, end of period 
22,401
  
22,401
  
22,401
  
22,401
  
22,401
  
22,401
  
22,401
  
22,401
 
Additional paid-in capital:                        
Balance, beginning of period 
57,777
  
57,417
  
57,820
  
57,414
  
57,435
  
57,444
  
57,820
  
57,414
 
Restricted stock grants, net of forfeitures 
(333
)
 
24
  
(377
)
 
24
  
—
  
372
  
(377
)
 
396
 
Issuance of shares under stock plans  
(9
)
  
3
   
(8
)
  
6
   
1
   
3
   
(7
)
  
9
 
Balance, end of period 
57,435
  
57,444
  
57,435
  
57,444
  
57,436
  
57,819
  
57,436
  
57,819
 
Retained earnings:                        
Balance, beginning of period 
27,834
  
40,868
  
36,020
  
37,208
  
34,266
  
36,342
  
36,020
  
37,208
 
Net income (loss) 
6,532
  
(4,426
)
 
(1,555
)
 
(264
)
 
1,876
  
(1,392
)
 
321
  
(1,656
)
Dividends on common stock 
-
  
-
  
-
  
(403
)
 
—
  
—
  
—
  
(403
)
Dividends accrued on preferred stock  
(100
)
  
(100
)
  
(199
)
  
(199
)
  
(100
)
  
(100
)
  
(299
)
  
(299
)
Balance, end of period 
34,266
  
36,342
  
34,266
  
36,342
  
36,042
  
34,850
  
36,042
  
34,850
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):                        
Balance, beginning of period 
1,667
  
(1,082
)
 
10,459
  
(7,535
)
 
17,464
  
4,727
  
10,459
  
(7,535
)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax  
15,797
   
5,809
   
7,005
   
12,262
   
2,308
   
5,064
   
9,313
   
17,326
 
Balance, end of period  
17,464
  
4,727
  
17,464
  
4,727
  
19,772
  
9,791
  
19,772
  
9,791
 
Unearned Stock Grant Compensation:                        
Balance, beginning of period 
(584
)
 
(128
)
 
(781
)
 
(186
)
 
(466
)
 
(150
)
 
(781
)
 
(186
)
Restricted stock grants, net of forfeitures 
(37
)
 
(71
)
 
61
  
(71
)
 
—
  
(877
)
 
61
  
(948
)
Amortization of unearned compensation  
155
   
49
   
254
   
107
   
116
   
84
   
370
   
191
 
Balance, end of period 
(466
)
 
(150
)
 
(466
)
 
(150
)
 
(350
)
 
(943
)
 
(350
)
 
(943
)
Treasury Stock:                        
Balance, beginning of period 
(7,632
)
 
(8,044
)
 
(7,580
)
 
(7,985
)
 
(7,261
)
 
(8,049
)
 
(7,580
)
 
(7,985
)
Restricted stock grants, net of forfeitures 
370
  
47
  
316
  
47
  
—
  
505
  
316
  
552
 
Purchase of 0 and 26,210 shares, as of 2020 and 2019, respectively, for treasury 
-
  
(22
)
 
-
  
(71
)
 
—
  
—
  
—
  
(71
)
Net shares acquired related to employee share-based compensation plans 
(10
)
 
(35
)
 
(10
)
 
(49
)
 
(81
)
 
(23
)
 
(91
)
 
(72
)
Issuance of shares under stock plans  
11
   
5
   
13
   
9
   
1
   
5
   
14
   
14
 
Balance, end of period  
(7,261
)
  
(8,049
)
  
(7,261
)
  
(8,049
)
  
(7,341
)
  
(7,562
)
  
(7,341
)
  
(7,562
)
                        
Total shareholders’ equity 
$
123,894
  
$
112,770
  
$
123,894
  
$
112,770
  
$
128,015
  
$
116,411
  
$
128,015
  
$
116,411
 
Dividends declared on common stock per share 
$
-
  
$
-
  
$
-
  
$
(.02
)
 
$
—
  
$
—
  
$
—
  
$
(.02
)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

ATLANTIC AMERICAN CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited; Dollars in thousands)
      
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
  
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020  2019  2020  2019 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:            
Net loss 
$
(1,555
)
 
$
(264
)
Adjustments to reconcile loss to net cash used in operating activities:      
Net income (loss) 
$
321
  
$
(1,656
)
Adjustments to reconcile income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities:      
Additions to acquisition costs, net 
(287
)
 
(1,050
)
 
(908
)
 
(1,707
)
Realized investment gains, net 
(249
)
 
(1,995
)
 
(432
)
 
(1,565
)
Unrealized losses (gains) on equity securities, net 
7,100
  
(1,152
)
 
7,831
  
(2,096
)
Distributions received from equity method investees 
-
  
106
  
—
  
379
 
Compensation expense related to share awards 
254
  
107
  
370
  
191
 
Depreciation and amortization 
503
  
337
  
772
  
588
 
Deferred income tax benefit 
(2,693
)
 
(612
)
 
(2,841
)
 
(596
)
Increase in receivables, net 
(6,078
)
 
(13,393
)
 
(4,731
)
 
(7,917
)
Increase in insurance reserves and policyholder funds 
2,805
  
13,493
 
(Decrease) increase in insurance reserves and policyholder funds 
(842
)
 
9,276
 
(Decrease) increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses 
(393
)
 
2,366
  
(1,752
)
 
3,271
 
Other, net  
1,151
   
(5,162
)
  
1,308
   
(5,738
)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities  
558
   
(7,219
)
Net cash used in operating activities  
(904
)
  
(7,570
)
            
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:            
Proceeds from investments sold 
7,448
  
70,171
  
8,916
  
119,929
 
Proceeds from investments matured, called or redeemed 
3,031
  
3,628
  
5,584
  
5,907
 
Investments purchased 
(7,411
)
 
(67,220
)
 
(17,277
)
 
(94,316
)
Additions to property and equipment  
(160
)
  
(32
)
  
(188
)
  
(44
)
Net cash provided by investing activities  
2,908
   
6,547
 
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities  
(2,965
)
  
31,476
 
            
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:            
Payment of dividends on common stock 
-
  
(403
)
 
—
  
(403
)
Proceeds from shares issued under stock plans 
5
  
15
  
7
  
23
 
Treasury stock acquired — share repurchase authorization 
-
  
(71
)
 
—
  
(71
)
Treasury stock acquired — net employee share-based compensation  
(10
)
  
(49
)
  
(91
)
  
(72
)
Net cash used in financing activities  
(5
)
  
(508
)
  
(84
)
  
(523
)
            
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 
3,461
  
(1,180
)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents 
(3,953
)
 
23,383
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period  
12,893
   
12,630
   
12,893
   
12,630
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 
$
16,354
  
$
11,450
  
$
8,940
  
$
36,013
 
            
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:            
Cash paid for interest 
$
944
  
$
1,100
  
$
1,309
  
$
1,644
 
Cash paid for income taxes 
$
-
  
$
850
  
$
3,310
  
$
1,625
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

ATLANTIC AMERICAN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited; Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

Note 1.
Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Atlantic American Corporation (the “Parent”) and its subsidiaries (collectively with the Parent, the “Company”). The Parent’s primary operating subsidiaries, American Southern Insurance Company and American Safety Insurance Company (together known as “American Southern”) and Bankers Fidelity Life Insurance Company and Bankers Fidelity Assurance Company (together known as “Bankers Fidelity”), operate in two principal business units. American Southern operates in the property and casualty insurance market, while Bankers Fidelity operates in the life and health insurance market. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for audited annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included herein and these related notes should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements, and the notes thereto, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 (the “2019 Annual Report”). The Company’s financial condition and results of operations and cash flows as of and for the three month and sixnine month periods ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the financial condition or results of operations and cash flows that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2020 or for any other future period.

The Company’s significant accounting policies have not changed materially from those set out in the 2019 Annual Report, except as noted below for the adoption of new accounting standards.

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the Novel Coronavirus (“COVID-19”) outbreak a global pandemic. The impact of COVID-19 and related actions to attempt to control its spread began to impact the Company’s business operations in March 2020, and we expect that the pandemic, actions that have been or will be taken in response to it and its overall impact on the economy, will continue to have an effect on our business operations and our operating results. The Company’s insurance subsidiaries may experience difficulties collecting premiums from some policyholders, and policyholders with financial difficulties may decide not to renew insurance policies with the Company.  Although it cannot be predicted with certainty at this time, the Company’s insurance subsidiaries do not expect a direct material impact from the outbreak of COVID-19 in terms of increased claims and losses, but that may change as more information becomes available.  In addition, economic uncertainty related to COVID-19 has led to, a decline in the investment markets, and may continue to create, increased volatility.volatility in the investment markets.  The impact of COVID-19 on the economy and on the Company is evolvingcontinues to evolve and its future effects are uncertain. The Company is closely monitoringcontinues to monitor the effects and risks of COVID-19 to assess its impact on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and capital position.

On March 27, 2020, Congress passed the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”), which is intended to provide fast and direct economic assistance for American workers and families, small businesses, and to preserve jobs in American industries. The CARES Act includes, among other things, provisions relating to payroll tax credits and deferrals, net operating loss carryback periods, alternative minimum tax credits and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. The Company does not qualify as a small business under the CARES Act and therefore did not apply for any of the government loan programs; however, the Company intends to monitor and assess the availability of resources and other benefits that might be available to the Company under the CARES Act and through other programs.

Note 2.2.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Adoption of New Accounting Standards

Fair Value Measurement – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”). This guidance removes the following disclosure requirements from Topic 820: (1) the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, (2) the policy for timing of transfers between levels, and (3) the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements.  This disclosure also includes the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period and the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements.  The Company adopted ASU 2018-13 as of January 1, 2020. The adoption of this ASU did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

-7-7
Goodwill. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (“ASU 2017-04”).  ASU 2017-04 is intended to simplify the evaluation of goodwill.  The updated guidance requires recognition and measurement of goodwill impairment based on the excess of the carrying value of the reporting unit compared to its estimated fair value, with the amount of the impairment not to exceed the carrying value of the reporting unit’s goodwill. Under the prior accounting guidance, if the reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value, the Company allocates the fair value of the reporting unit to all of the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit to determine an implied goodwill value. An impairment loss is then recognized for the excess, if any, of the carrying value of the reporting unit’s goodwill compared to the implied goodwill value. The Company adopted ASU 2017-04 as of January 1, 2020. The adoption of this ASU did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Future Adoption of New Accounting Standards

Reference Rate Reform. In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (“ASU 2020-04”). This guidance provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to investments, derivatives, or other transactions that reference the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. Along with the optional expedients, the amendments include a general principle that permits an entity to consider contract modifications due to reference reform to be an event that does not require contract re-measurement at the modification date or reassessment of a previous accounting determination. Additionally, a company may make a one-time election to sell, transfer, or both sell and transfer debt securities classified as held to maturity that reference a rate affected by reference rate reform and that were classified as held to maturity before January 1, 2020. This standard may be elected over time through December 31, 2022 as reference rate reform activities occur. The Company is currently assessing the effect of adopting this guidance on its financial condition and results of operations.

Investments – Equity Securities. In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-01 (“ASU 2020-01”) Investments-Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815. This update, among others, clarifies the interaction of the accounting for equity securities under Topic 321 and investments under the equity method of accounting in Topic 323 when there is a change in level of ownership or degree of influence. ASU 2020-01 is effective for the Company beginning with the first quarter of 2021 and will be applied prospectively. Early adoption is permitted. This guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

For more information regarding other accounting standards that the Company has not yet adopted, see the “Recently Issued Accounting Standards - Future Adoption of New Accounting Standards” section of Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2019 Annual Report.

-8-
Note 3.
Investments

The following tables set forth the estimated fair value, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and cost or amortized cost of the Company’s investments in fixed maturities and equity securities, aggregated by type and industry, as of JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

Fixed maturities were comprised of the following:

 June 30, 2020  September 30, 2020 
 
Estimated
Fair Value
  
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
  
Estimated
Fair Value
  
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
 
Fixed maturities:                        
Bonds:                        
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities
 
$
20,461
  
$
1,739
  
$
25
  
$
18,747
  
$
21,039
  
$
1,598
  
$
21
  
$
19,462
 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
  
11,520
   
910
   
-
   
10,610
   
11,752
   
845
   
—
   
10,907
 
Corporate securities:                        
Utilities and telecom
 
28,886
  
4,118
  
-
  
24,768
  
31,491
  
4,404
  
14
  
27,101
 
Financial services
 
73,151
  
6,050
  
132
  
67,233
  
77,366
  
7,573
  
149
  
69,942
 
Other business – diversified
 
41,739
  
3,331
  
945
  
39,353
  
45,067
  
4,030
  
960
  
41,997
 
Other consumer – diversified
  
60,180
   
7,407
   
404
   
53,177
   
61,032
   
7,903
   
239
   
53,368
 
Total corporate securities
  
203,956
   
20,906
   
1,481
   
184,531
   
214,956
   
23,910
   
1,362
   
192,408
 
Redeemable preferred stocks:                        
Other consumer – diversified
  
250
   
58
   
—
   
192
   
250
   
58
   
—
   
192
 
Total redeemable preferred stocks
  
250
   
58
   
—
   
192
   
250
   
58
   
—
   
192
 
Total fixed maturities
 
$
236,187
  
$
23,613
  
$
1,506
  
$
214,080
  
$
247,997
  
$
26,411
  
$
1,383
  
$
222,969
 

  December 31, 2019 
  
Estimated
Fair Value
  
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
 
Fixed maturities:            
Bonds:            
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities
 
$
20,259
  
$
467
  
$
53
  
$
19,845
 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions  
11,940
   
371
   
53
   
11,622
 
Corporate securities:                
Utilities and telecom  
26,648
   
2,404
   
32
   
24,276
 
Financial services  
73,917
   
4,249
   
57
   
69,725
 
Other business – diversified  
41,706
   
2,335
   
98
   
39,469
 
Other consumer – diversified  
57,752
   
3,702
   
54
   
54,104
 
Total corporate securities  
200,023
   
12,690
   
241
   
187,574
 
Redeemable preferred stocks:                
Other consumer – diversified  
250
   
58
   
-
   
192
 
Total redeemable preferred stocks  
250
   
58
   
-
   
192
 
Total fixed maturities 
$
232,472
  
$
13,586
  
$
347
  
$
219,233
 
8
  December 31, 2019 
  
Estimated
Fair Value
  
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
 
Fixed maturities:            
Bonds:            
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities 
$
20,259
  
$
467
  
$
53
  
$
19,845
 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions  
11,940
   
371
   
53
   
11,622
 
Corporate securities:                
Utilities and telecom  
26,648
   
2,404
   
32
   
24,276
 
Financial services  
73,917
   
4,249
   
57
   
69,725
 
Other business – diversified  
41,706
   
2,335
   
98
   
39,469
 
Other consumer – diversified  
57,752
   
3,702
   
54
   
54,104
 
Total corporate securities  
200,023
   
12,690
   
241
   
187,574
 
Redeemable preferred stocks:                
Other consumer – diversified  
250
   
58
   
—
   
192
 
Total redeemable preferred stocks  
250
   
58
   
—
   
192
 
Total fixed maturities 
$
232,472
  
$
13,586
  
$
347
  
$
219,233
 

Bonds having an amortized cost of $10,444 and $10,669 and included in the tables above were on deposit with insurance regulatory authorities as of JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, in accordance with statutory requirements.

-9-
Equity securities were comprised of the following:

 June 30, 2020  September 30, 2020
 
Estimated
Fair Value
  
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
  
Estimated
Fair Value
  
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  Cost 
Equity securities:                        
Common and non-redeemable preferred stocks:                        
Financial services
 
$
3,061
  
$
384
  
$
1
  
$
2,678
  
$
2,080
  
$
316
  
$
3
  
$
1,767
 
Other business – diversified
  
12,904
   
8,271
   
-
   
4,633
   
12,243
   
7,610
   
—
   
4,633
 
Total equity securities
 
$
15,965
  
$
8,655
  
$
1
  
$
7,311
  
$
14,323
  
$
7,926
  
$
3
  
$
6,400
 

 December 31, 2019  December 31, 2019 
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
  
Estimated
Fair Value
  
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  Cost 
Equity securities:                     
Common and non-redeemable preferred stocks:                     
Financial services
 
$
3,159
   
624
   
-
   
2,535
  
$
3,159
  
624
  
—
  
2,535
 
Other business – diversified
  
19,763
   
15,130
   
-
   
4,633
   
19,763
   
15,130
   
—
   
4,633
 
Total equity securities
 
$
22,922
  
$
15,754
  
$
-
  
$
7,168
  
$
22,922
  
$
15,754
  
$
—
  
$
7,168
 

The carrying value and amortized cost of the Company’s investments in fixed maturities at JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 by contractual maturity were as follows. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

 June 30, 2020  December 31, 2019  September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 
 
Carrying
Value
  
Amortized
Cost
  
Carrying
Value
  
Amortized
Cost
  
Carrying
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Carrying
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Due in one year or less
 
$
509
  
$
500
  
$
-
  
$
-
  
$
1,040
  
$
1,019
  
$
—
  
$
—
 
Due after one year through five years
 
19,923
  
19,012
  
14,664
  
14,280
  
20,424
  
19,301
  
14,664
  
14,280
 
Due after five years through ten years
 
85,121
  
78,583
  
77,934
  
73,521
  
94,670
  
86,920
  
77,934
  
73,521
 
Due after ten years
 
122,141
  
107,964
  
130,680
  
122,321
  
122,558
  
106,788
  
130,680
  
122,321
 
Asset backed securities
  
8,493
   
8,021
   
9,194
   
9,111
   
9,305
   
8,941
   
9,194
   
9,111
 
Totals
 
$
236,187
  
$
214,080
  
$
232,472
  
$
219,233
  
$
247,997
  
$
222,969
  
$
232,472
  
$
219,233
 

The following tables present the Company’s unrealized loss aging for securities by type and length of time the security was in a continuous unrealized loss position as of JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

  June 30, 2020 
  Less than 12 months  12 months or longer  Total 
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities 
$
887
  
$
25
  
$
-
  
$
-
  
$
887
  
$
25
 
Corporate securities
  
22,512
   
1,481
   
-
   
-
   
22,512
   
1,481
 
Total temporarily impaired securities 
$
23,399
  
$
1,506
  
$
-
  
$
-
  
$
23,399
  
$
1,506
 

-10-9
   September 30, 2020 
   Less than 12 months  12 months or longer  Total 
   
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities $2,053  $21  $—  $—  $2,053  $21 
Corporate securities  19,743   1,362   —   —   19,743   1,362 
Total temporarily impaired securities $21,796  $1,383  $—  $—  $21,796  $1,383 

 December 31, 2019  December 31, 2019 
 Less than 12 months  12 months or longer  Total  Less than 12 months  12 months or longer  Total 
 
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Losses
 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities 
$
3,432
  
$
22
  
$
3,533
  
$
31
  
$
6,965
  
$
53
  $3,432  $22  $3,533  $31  $6,965  $53 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions 
3,106
  
53
  
-
  
-
  
3,106
  
53
   3,106   53   —   —   3,106   53 
Corporate securities  
23,245
   
145
   
2,504
   
96
   
25,749
   
241
   23,245   145   2,504   96   25,749   241 
Total temporarily impaired securities 
$
29,783
  
$
220
  
$
6,037
  
$
127
  
$
35,820
  
$
347
  $29,783  $220  $6,037  $127  $35,820  $347 

The evaluation for an other than temporary impairment (“OTTI”) is a quantitative and qualitative process, which is subject to risks and uncertainties in the determination of whether declines in the fair value of investments are other than temporary. Potential risks and uncertainties include, among other things, changes in general economic conditions, an issuer’s financial condition or near term recovery prospects and the effects of changes in interest rates. In evaluating a potential impairment, the Company considers, among other factors, management’s intent and ability to hold the securities until price recovery, the nature of the investment and the expectation of prospects for the issuer and its industry, the status of an issuer’s continued satisfaction of its obligations in accordance with their contractual terms, and management’s expectation as to the issuer’s ability and intent to continue to do so, as well as ratings actions that may affect the issuer’s credit status.

There were no OTTI charges recorded during the three month and sixnine month periods ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and 2019.

As of JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there were seventeentwenty and thirty securities, respectively, in an unrealized loss position which primarily included certain of the Company’s investments in fixed maturities within the financial services, other diversified business and other diversified consumer sectors. The decrease in the number of securities in an unrealized loss position during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, was primarily attributable to improvement in market values in certain of the Company’s fixed maturity securities as a result of a declining interest rate environment.  The Company does not currently intend to sell nor does it expect to be required to sell any of the securities in an unrealized loss position. Based upon the Company’s expected continuation of receipt of contractually required principal and interest payments and its intent and ability to retain the securities until price recovery, as well as the Company’s evaluation of other relevant factors, including those described above, the Company has deemed these securities to be temporarily impaired as of JuneSeptember 30, 2020.

There were no realized investments gains (losses) in the three month period ended June 30, 2020.  The following tables summarize realized investment gains (losses) for the three month period ended June 30, 2019 and the sixnine month periods ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and June 30, 2019.

 
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2019
  
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2020
 
 
Fixed
Maturities
  
Equity
Securities
  
Other
Invested
Assets
  Total  
Fixed
Maturities
  
Equity
Securities
  
Other
Invested
Assets
  Total 
Gains
 
$
610
  
$
—
  
$
—
  
$
610
  $95  $88  $—  $183 
Losses
  
—
   
—
   
—
   
—
   —   —   —   — 
Realized investment gains, net
 
$
610
  
$
—
  
$
—
  
$
610
  $95  $88  $—  $183 

  
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2019
 
  
Fixed
Maturities
  
Equity
Securities
  
Other
Invested
Assets
  Total 
Gains 
$
1,112
  
$
108
  
$
—
  
$
1,220
 
Losses  
(1,650
)
  
—
   
—
   
(1,650
)
Realized investment gains (losses), net 
$
(538
)
 
$
108
  
$
—
  
$
(430
)

 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2020
  
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2020
 
 
Fixed
Maturities
  
Equity
Securities
  
Other
Invested
Assets
  Total  
Fixed
Maturities
  
Equity
Securities
  
Other
Invested
Assets
  Total 
Gains
 
$
249
  
$
—
  
$
—
  
$
249
  $344  $88  $—  $432 
Losses
  
—
   
—
   
—
   
—
   —   —   —   — 
Realized investment gains, net
 
$
249
  
$
—
  
$
—
  
$
249
  $344  $88  $—  $432 

 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2019
  
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2019
 
 
Fixed
Maturities
  
Equity
Securities
  
Other
Invested
Assets
  Total  
Fixed
Maturities
  
Equity
Securities
  
Other
Invested
Assets
  Total 
Gains
 
$
882
  
$
1,113
  
$
—
  
$
1,995
  $1,994  $1,221  $—  $3,215 
Losses
  
—
   
—
   
—
   
—
   (1,650)  —   —   (1,650)
Realized investment gains, net
 
$
882
  
$
1,113
  
$
—
  
$
1,995
  $344  $1,221  $—  $1,565 

The following table presents the portion of unrealized gains (losses) related to equity securities still held for the three month and sixnine month periods ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and 2019.

 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020 2019 2020 2019  2020 2019 2020 2019 
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity securities 
$
1,355
  
$
(5,337
)
 
$
(7,100
)
 
$
2,265
  
$
(643
)
 
$
1,052
  
$
(7,743
)
 
$
3,317
 
Less: Net realized gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity securities sold during the period  
-
   
-
   
-
   
1,113
   
88
   
108
   
88
   
1,221
 
Unrealized gains (losses) recognized during the reporting period on equity securities, net 
$
1,355
  
$
(5,337
)
 
$
(7,100
)
 
$
1,152
  
$
(731
)
 
$
944
  
$
(7,831
)
 
$
2,096
 

Variable Interest Entities

The Company holds passive interests in a number of entities that are considered to be variable interest entities (“VIEs”) under GAAP guidance. The Company’s VIE interests principally consist of interests in limited partnerships and limited liability companies formed for the purpose of achieving diversified equity returns. The Company’s VIE interests, carried as a part of other invested assets, totaled $11,454$9,097 and $9,960 as of JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The Company’s VIE interests, carried as a part of investment in unconsolidated trusts, totaled $1,238 as of JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

The Company does not have power over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of these VIEs and thus is not the primary beneficiary. Therefore, the Company has not consolidated these VIEs. The Company’s involvement with each VIE is limited to its direct ownership interest in the VIE. The Company has no arrangements with any of the VIEs to provide other financial support to or on behalf of the VIE. The Company’s maximum loss exposure relative to these investments was limited to the carrying value of the Company’s investment in the VIEs, which amount to $12,692$10,335 and $11,198, as of JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. As of JuneSeptember 30, 2020 the Company had no outstanding commitments and as of December 31, 2019, the Company had outstanding commitments totaling $1,997, whereby the Company is committed to fund these investments and may be called by the partnership during the commitment period to fund the purchase of new investments and partnership expenses.

Note 4.
Fair Values of Financial Instruments

The estimated fair values have been determined by the Company using available market information from various market sources and appropriate valuation methodologies as of the respective dates.  However, considerable judgment is necessary to interpret market data and to develop the estimates of fair value.  Although management is not aware of any factors that would significantly affect the estimated fair value amounts, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts which the Company could realize in a current market exchange.  The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.
-12-
The following describes the fair value hierarchy and provides information as to the extent to which the Company uses fair value to measure the value of its financial instruments and information about the inputs used to value those financial instruments. The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs in the valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels.

Level 1
Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date. The Company’s financial instruments valued using Level 1 criteria include cash equivalents and exchange traded common stocks.

Level 2
Observable inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, for an asset or liability or prices for similar assets or liabilities. The Company’s financial instruments valued using Level 2 criteria include significantly most of its fixed maturities, which consist of U.S. Treasury securities, U.S. Government securities, obligations of states and political subdivisions, and certain corporate fixed maturities, as well as its non-redeemable preferred stocks. In determining fair value measurements of its fixed maturities and non-redeemable preferred stocks using Level 2 criteria, the Company utilizes data from outside sources, including nationally recognized pricing services and broker/dealers.  Prices for the majority of the Company’s Level 2 fixed maturities and non-redeemable preferred stocks were determined using unadjusted prices received from pricing services that utilize models where the significant inputs are observable (e.g. interest rates, yield curves, prepayment speeds, default rates, loss severities) or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3
Valuations that are derived from techniques in which one or more of the significant inputs are unobservable (including assumptions about risk).  Fair value is based on criteria that use assumptions or other data that are not readily observable from objective sources. With little or no observable market, the determination of fair values uses considerable judgment and represents the Company’s best estimate of an amount that could be realized in a market exchange for the asset or liability.

As of JuneSeptember 30, 2020, financial instruments carried at fair value were measured on a recurring basis as summarized below:

 
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
  
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
  
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
  Total  
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
  
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
  
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
  Total 
Assets:
                        
Fixed maturities
 
$
250
  
$
235,937
  
$
—
  
$
236,187
  
$
—
  
$
247,997
  
$
—
  
$
247,997
 
Equity securities
 
15,822
  
—
  
143
  
15,965
  
14,180
  
—
  
143
  
14,323
 
Cash equivalents
  
8,429
   
—
   
—
   
8,429
   
7,769
   
—
   
—
   
7,769
 
Total
 
$
24,501
  
$
235,937
  
$
143
  
$
260,581
  
$
21,949
  
$
247,997
  
$
143
  
$
270,089
 

As of December 31, 2019, financial instruments carried at fair value were measured on a recurring basis as summarized below:

  
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
  
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
  
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
  Total 
Assets:
            
Fixed maturities 
$
—
  
$
232,472
  
$
—
  
$
232,472
 
Equity securities  
22,922
   
—
   
—
   
22,922
 
Cash equivalents  
7,173
   
—
   
—
   
7,173
 
Total 
$
30,095
  
$
232,472
  
$
—
  
$
262,567
 

The Company does not have any fixed maturities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) as of JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

The following table sets forth the carrying amount, estimated fair value and level within the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s financial instruments as of JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

    June 30, 2020  December 31, 2019    September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 
 
Level in Fair
Value
Hierarchy (1)
  
Carrying
Amount
  
Estimated
Fair Value
  
Carrying
Amount
  
Estimated
Fair Value
  
Level in Fair
Value
Hierarchy (1)
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Assets:
                              
Cash and cash equivalents
 Level 1  
$
16,354
  
$
16,354
  
$
12,893
  
$
12,893
  Level 1  
$
8,940
  
$
8,940
  
$
12,893
  
$
12,893
 
Fixed maturities
  
(1) 
 
236,187
  
236,187
  
232,472
  
232,472
   
(1) 
 
247,997
  
247,997
  
232,472
  
232,472
 
Equity securities
  
(1) 
 
15,965
  
15,965
  
22,922
  
22,922
   
(1) 
 
14,323
  
14,323
  
22,922
  
22,922
 
Other invested assets
 Level 3  
11,454
  
11,454
  
9,960
  
9,960
  Level 3  
9,097
  
9,097
  
9,960
  
9,960
 
Policy loans
 Level 2  
2,018
  
2,018
  
2,007
  
2,007
  Level 2  
1,964
  
1,964
  
2,007
  
2,007
 
Real estate
 Level 2  
38
  
38
  
38
  
38
  Level 2  
38
  
38
  
38
  
38
 
Investment in unconsolidated trusts
 Level 2  
1,238
  
1,238
  
1,238
  
1,238
  Level 2  
1,238
  
1,238
  
1,238
  
1,238
 
                              
Liabilities:
                              
Junior subordinated debentures, net
 Level 2  
33,738
  
30,321
  
33,738
  
35,977
  Level 2  
33,738
  
31,901
  
33,738
  
35,977
 


(1)
See the aforementioned information for a description of the fair value hierarchy as well as a disclosure of levels for classes of these financial assets.

Note 5.
Liabilities for Unpaid Losses, Claims and Loss Adjustment Expenses

The roll-forward of liabilities for unpaid losses, claims and loss adjustment expenses for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:

 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
  
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020 2019  2020 2019 
Beginning liabilities for unpaid losses, claims and loss adjustment expenses, gross 
$
81,448
  
$
72,612
  $81,448  $72,612 
Less: Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses
  
(18,339
)
  
(14,354
)
  (18,339)
  (14,354)
Beginning liabilities for unpaid losses, claims and loss adjustment expenses, net  
63,109
   
58,258
   63,109   58,258 
                
Incurred related to:                
Current accident year
  
62,262
   
68,157
   91,788   103,017 
        
Prior accident year development (1)
  
(2,302
)(2)
  
103
   (2,740)(2)
 (629)
Total incurred
  
59,960
   
68,260
   89,048   102,388 
                
Paid related to:                
Current accident year
  
33,911
   
38,875
   57,676   66,682 
Prior accident years
  
29,587
   
28,576
   34,435   34,314 
Total paid
  
63,498
   
67,451
   92,111   100,996 
Ending liabilities for unpaid losses, claims and loss adjustment expenses, net  
59,571
   
59,067
   60,046   59,650 
Plus: Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses
  
16,927
   
16,088
   18,111   16,611 
Ending liabilities for unpaid losses, claims and loss adjustment expenses, gross 
$
76,498
  
$
75,155
  $78,157  $76,261 


(1)
In establishing property and casualty reserves, the Company initially reserves for losses at the higher end of the reasonable range if no other value within the range is determined to be more probable. Selection of such an initial loss estimate is an attempt by management to give recognition that initial claims information received generally is not conclusive with respect to legal liability, is generally not comprehensive with respect to magnitude of loss and generally, based on historical experience, will develop more adversely as time passes and more information becomes available. Accordingly, the Company generally experiences reserve redundancies when analyzing the development of prior year losses in a current period.


(2)
Prior years’ development was primarily the result of favorable development in the loss and claim reserves for the Medicare supplement line of business in Bankers Fidelity. Rate increases on existing business and the resultant improvement in rate adequacy was more favorable than expected.

Following is a reconciliation of total incurred losses to total insurance benefits and losses incurred:

 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
  
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020  2019  2020 2019 
Total incurred losses
 
$
59,960
  
$
68,260
  
$
89,048
  
$
102,388
 
Cash surrender value and matured endowments
 
697
  
588
  
962
  
1,020
 
Benefit reserve changes
  
2
   
610
   
(132
)
  
769
 
Total insurance benefits and losses incurred
 
$
60,659
  
$
69,458
  
$
89,878
  
$
104,177
 

Note 6.
Junior Subordinated Debentures

The Company has two unconsolidated Connecticut statutory business trusts, which exist for the exclusive purposes of: (i) issuing trust preferred securities (“Trust Preferred Securities”) representing undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the trusts; (ii) investing the gross proceeds of the Trust Preferred Securities in junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures (“Junior Subordinated Debentures”) of Atlantic American; and (iii) engaging in those activities necessary or incidental thereto.

The financial structure of each of Atlantic American Statutory Trust I and II as of JuneSeptember 30, 2020 was as follows:

 
Atlantic American
Statutory Trust I
  
Atlantic American
Statutory Trust II
  
Atlantic American
Statutory Trust I
 
Atlantic American
Statutory Trust II
 
JUNIOR SUBORDINATED DEBENTURES (1) (2)
             
Principal amount owed June 30, 2020 
$
18,042
  
$
23,196
 
Principal amount owed September 30, 2020 $
18,042 $
23,196 
Less: Treasury debt (3)
  
—
   
(7,500
)
  —  (7,500)
Net balance June 30, 2020
 
$
18,042
  
$
15,696
 
Net balance September 30, 2020 $
18,042 $
15,696 
Net balance December 31, 2019 
$
18,042
  
$
15,696
  $
18,042 $
15,696 
Coupon rate  LIBOR + 4.00
% LIBOR + 4.10
%  LIBOR + 4.00%  LIBOR + 4.10% 
Interest payable
 Quarterly  Quarterly   Quarterly  Quarterly 
Maturity date
 December 4, 2032  May 15, 2033   December 4, 2032  May 15, 2033 
Redeemable by issuer
 Yes  Yes   Yes  Yes 
TRUST PREFERRED SECURITIES             
Issuance date
 December 4, 2002  May 15, 2003   December 4, 2002  May 15, 2003 
Securities issued
 
17,500
  
22,500
   17,500  22,500 
Liquidation preference per security
 
$
1
  
$
1
  $
1 $
1 
Liquidation value
 
$
17,500
  
$
22,500
  $
17,500  22,500 
Coupon rate
 LIBOR + 4.00% LIBOR + 4.10%  LIBOR + 4.00%  LIBOR + 4.10% 
Distribution payable
 Quarterly  Quarterly   Quarterly  Quarterly 
Distribution guaranteed by (4)
 
Atlantic American
Corporation
  
Atlantic American
Corporation
   Atlantic American Corporation  Atlantic American Corporation 

(1)
For each of the respective debentures, the Company has the right at any time, and from time to time, to defer payments of interest on the Junior Subordinated Debentures for a period not exceeding 20 consecutive quarters up to the debentures’ respective maturity dates. During any such period, interest will continue to accrue and the Company may not declare or pay any cash dividends or distributions on, or purchase, the Company’s common stock nor make any principal, interest or premium payments on or repurchase any debt securities that rank equally with or junior to the Junior Subordinated Debentures. The Company has the right at any time to dissolve each of the trusts and cause the Junior Subordinated Debentures to be distributed to the holders of the Trust Preferred Securities.

(2)
The Junior Subordinated Debentures are unsecured and rank junior and subordinate in right of payment to all senior debt of the Parent and are effectively subordinated to all existing and future liabilities of its subsidiaries.

(3)
On August 4, 2014, the Company acquired $7,500 of the Junior Subordinated Debentures.

(4)
The Parent has guaranteed, on a subordinated basis, all of the obligations under the Trust Preferred Securities, including payment of the redemption price and any accumulated and unpaid distributions to the extent of available funds and upon dissolution, winding up or liquidation.

Note 7.
Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share

A reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in the earnings (loss) per common share calculations is as follows:

  
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2020
 
  Income  
Weighted
Average
Shares
(In thousands)
  
Per Share
Amount
 
Basic Earnings Per Common Share:         
Net income 
$
6,532
   
20,440
    
Less preferred stock dividends  
(100
)
 —    
Net income applicable to common shareholders  
6,432
   
20,440
  
$
.31
 
Diluted Earnings Per Common Share:            
Effect of Series D preferred stock  
100
   
1,378
     
Net income applicable to common shareholders 
$
6,532
   
21,818
  
$
.30
 

  
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2019
 
  Loss  
Weighted
Average
Shares
(In thousands)
 

Per Share Amount		 
Basic and Diluted Loss Per Common Share:       
   
Net loss
 
$
(4,426
)
  
20,146
 
   
Less preferred stock dividends
  
(100
)
  
—
 
   
Net loss applicable to common shareholders
 
$
(4,526
)
  
20,146
 
$ (.22)

  
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2020
 
  Loss  
Weighted
Average
Shares
(In thousands)
 
Per Share Amount 
Basic and Diluted Loss Per Common Share:      
   
Net loss
 
$
(1,555
)
  
20,455
      
Less preferred stock dividends
  
(199
)
  
—
      
Net loss applicable to common shareholders
 
$
(1,754
)
  
20,455
 
$
 (.09)
  
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2020
 
  Income  
Weighted
Average
Shares
(In thousands)
  
Per Share
Amount
 
Basic Earnings Per Common Share:         
Net income 
$
1,876
   
20,438
    
Less preferred stock dividends  
(100
)
  
—
    
Net income applicable to common shareholders  
1,776
   
20,438
  
$
.09
 
Diluted Earnings Per Common Share:            
Effect of Series D preferred stock  
100
   
1,378
     
Net income applicable to common shareholders 
$
1,876
   
21,816
  
$
.09
 

-17-14


Three Months Ended
September 30, 2019
  Loss  
Weighted
Average
Shares
(In thousands)
  
Per Share
Amount
Basic and Diluted Loss Per Common Share:            
Net loss $(1,392)  20,250    
Less preferred stock dividends  (100)  —    
Net loss applicable to common shareholders $(1,492)  20,250 $(.07)

  
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2019
 

 Loss  
Weighted
Average
Shares
(In thousands)
 

Per Share Amount		 
Basic and Diluted Loss Per Common Share:       
   
Net loss
 
$
(264
)
  
20,152
 
   
Less preferred stock dividends
  
(199
)
  
—
      
Net loss applicable to common shareholders
 
$
(463
)
  
20,152
 
$(.02
)
  
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2020
  Income  
Weighted
Average
Shares
(In thousands)
  
Per Share
Amount
Basic and Diluted Income Per Common Share:          
Net income 
$
321
   
20,450
    
Less preferred stock dividends  
(299
)
  
—
    
Net income applicable to common shareholders 
$
22
   
20,450
 $—

  
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2019
  Loss  
Weighted
Average
Shares
(In thousands)
  
Per Share
Amount
Basic and Diluted Loss Per Common Share:          
Net loss 
$
(1,656
)
  
20,185
    
Less preferred stock dividends  
(299
)
  
—
    
Net loss applicable to common shareholders 
$
(1,955
)
  
20,185
 $(.10)

The assumed conversion of the Company’s Series D preferred stock was excluded from the earnings (loss) per common share calculation for all periods presented, except for the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, since its impact would have been antidilutive.

Note 8.
Income Taxes

A reconciliation of the differences between income taxes computed at the federal statutory income tax rate and income tax expense (benefit) is as follows:

 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020 2019 2020 2019  2020  2019  2020  2019 
Federal income tax provision at statutory rate of 21% 
$
1,739
  
$
(1,174
)
 
$
(409
)
 
$
(64
)
 
$
511
  
$
(366
)
 
$
102
  
$
(430
)
Dividends-received deduction
 
(3
)
 
(5
)
 
(6
)
 
(14
)
 
(3
)
 
(6
)
 
(9
)
 
(20
)
Other permanent differences
  
13
   
16
   
24
   
38
  
31
  
41
  
55
  
79
 
Adjustment for prior years’ estimates to actual  
18
   
(21
)
  
18
   
(21
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
 
$
1,749
  
$
(1,163
)
 
$
(391
)
 
$
(40
)
 
$
557
  
$
(352
)
 
$
166
  
$
(392
)

The components of income tax benefit were:

 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020 2019 2020 2019  2020  2019  2020  2019 
Current – Federal
 
$
2,173
  
$
572
  
$
2,302
  
$
572
  
$
705
  
$
(368
)
 
$
3,007
  
$
204
 
Deferred – Federal
  
(424
)
  
(1,735
)
  
(2,693
)
  
(612
)
  
(148
)
  
16
   
(2,841
)
  
(596
)
Total
 
$
1,749
  
$
(1,163
)
 
$
(391
)
 
$
(40
)
 
$
557
  
$
(352
)
 
$
166
  
$
(392
)

In addition, the Company determined there were no significant tax implications as a result of the CARES Act.
Note 9.
Leases

The Company has identified two operating lease agreements, each for the use of office space in the ordinary course of business.

The first lease renews annually on an automatic basis and based on original assumptions, management is reasonably certain to exercise the renewal option for an additional eight years from the January 1, 2019 effective date of the new lease guidance. The original term of the second lease was ten years and amended in January 2017 to provide for an additional seven years, with a termination date on September 30, 2026. The rate used in determining the present value of lease payments is based upon an estimate of the Company’s incremental secured borrowing rate commensurate with the term of the underlying lease.

These leases are accounted for as operating leases, whereby lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Lease expense reported for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and JuneSeptember 30, 2019 was $507.

Additional information regarding the Company’s real estate operating leases is as follows:

 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
  
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
Other information on operating leases:
 
2020
  
2019
  2020  2019 
Cash payments included in the measurement of lease liabilities reported in operating cash flows
 
$
475
  
$
450
  
$
726
  
$
632
 
Right-of-use assets included in other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheet
 
5,159
  
5,785
  
4,997
  
5,631
 
Weighted average discount rate
 
6.8
%
 
6.8
%
 
6.8
%
 
6.8
%
Weighted average remaining lease term in years
 
6.4 years
  
7.4 years
  6.1 years  7.1 years 

The following table presents maturities and present value of the Company’s lease liabilities:

 Lease Liability  Lease Liability 
Remainder of 2020  
$
503
  
$
251
 
2021
 
1,015
  
1,015
 
2022
 
1,031
  
1,031
 
2023
 
1,048
  
1,048
 
2024
 
1,065
  
1,065
 
Thereafter
  
2,025
   
2,025
 
Total undiscounted lease payments
 
6,687
  
6,435
 
Less: present value adjustment
  
1,297
   
1,204
 
Operating lease liability included in accounts payable and accrued expenses on the condensed consolidated balance sheet 
$
5,390
  
$
5,231
 

As of JuneSeptember 30, 2020, the Company has no operating leases that have not yet commenced.

Note 10.
Commitments and Contingencies

From time to time, the Company is, and expects to continue to be, involved in various claims and lawsuits incidental to and in the ordinary course of its businesses. In the opinion of management, any such known claims are not expected to have a material effect on the financial condition or results of operations of the Company.

Note 11.
Segment Information

The Parent’s primary insurance subsidiaries, American Southern and Bankers Fidelity, operate in two principal business units, each focusing on specific products. American Southern operates in the property and casualty insurance market, while Bankers Fidelity operates in the life and health insurance market. Each business unit is managed independently and is evaluated on its individual performance. The following sets forth the assets, revenue and income (loss) before income taxes for each business unit as of and for the periods ended 2020 and 2019.

Assets 
June 30,
2020
  
December 31,
2019
 
American Southern
 
$
153,632
  
$
141,524
 
Bankers Fidelity
  
220,111
   
224,122
 
Corporate and Other
  
11,994
   
11,980
 
Total assets
 
$
385,737
  
$
377,626
 

Revenues 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
  
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
  2020  2019  2020  2019 
American Southern
 
$
16,896
  
$
15,740
  
$
32,123
  
$
30,975
 
Bankers Fidelity
  
32,871
   
31,244
   
57,744
   
65,620
 
Corporate and Other
  
(30
)
  
(3,857
)
  
(720
)
  
1,550
 
Total revenue
 
$
49,737
  
$
43,127
  
$
89,147
  
$
98,145
 

Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 2020 2019 2020 2019 
Assets 
September 30,
2020
 
December 31,
2019
 
American Southern
 
$
2,087
  
$
1,396
  
$
2,965
  
$
3,378
  
$
151,865
  
$
141,524
 
Bankers Fidelity
 
8,039
  
(1,998
)
 
(742
)
 
(2,494
)
 
221,982
  
224,122
 
Corporate and Other
  
(1,845
)
  
(4,987
)
  
(4,169
)
  
(1,188
)
  
11,105
   
11,980
 
Income (loss) before income taxes
 
$
8,281
  
$
(5,589
)
 
$
(1,946
)
 
$
(304
)
Total assets 
$
384,952
  
$
377,626
 

Revenues 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
  2020  2019  2020  2019 
American Southern 
$
15,649
  
$
14,605
  
$
47,772
  
$
45,580
 
Bankers Fidelity  
30,875
   
32,311
   
88,619
   
97,931
 
Corporate and Other  
(255
)
  
829
   
(975
)
  
2,379
 
Total revenue 
$
46,269
  
$
47,745
  
$
135,416
  
$
145,890
 

Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
  2020  2019  2020  2019 
American Southern 
$
1,857
  
$
471
  
$
4,822
  
$
3,849
 
Bankers Fidelity  
2,765
   
(1,334
)
  
2,023
   
(3,828
)
Corporate and Other  
(2,189
)
  
(881
)
  
(6,358
)
  
(2,069
)
Income (loss) before income taxes 
$
2,433
  
$
(1,744
)
 
$
487
  
$
(2,048
)

Note 12.
Related Party Transactions

During the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, the Company transferred its remaining fractional interest in an aircraft arrangement to Gray Television, Inc., a related party, for $151.

Note 13.
Subsequent Events

Since JuneSeptember 30, 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to cause material disruption to financial markets and the economy.  As a result of the pandemic, the Company could experience future losses in its investment portfolio as a result of the weakened and volatile markets.  Additionally, the Company can experience increased risk of loss any time unforeseen infectious diseases impact large portions of a population. Specifically, the Company’s life and health business could experience significant loss due to increased claims volume arising from COVID-19. The duration and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is unknown at this time and it is not possible to reliably estimate the impact on the financial condition, operating results or liquidity of the Company and its operating subsidiaries in future periods.

-20-17
Item 2.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Overview

The following is management’s discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations of Atlantic American Corporation (“Atlantic American” or the “Parent”) and its subsidiaries (collectively with the Parent, the “Company”) as of and for the three month and sixnine month periods ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere herein, as well as with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 (the “2019 Annual Report”).

Atlantic American is an insurance holding company whose operations are conducted primarily through its insurance subsidiaries: American Southern Insurance Company and American Safety Insurance Company (together known as “American Southern”) and Bankers Fidelity Life Insurance Company and Bankers Fidelity Assurance Company (together known as “Bankers Fidelity”). Each operating company is managed separately, offers different products and is evaluated on its individual performance.

Recent Events and Outlook

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization designated COVID-19 as a global pandemic.  In March 2020, the impact of COVID-19 and related actions to attempt to control its spread began to impact our business operations, and we expect that the pandemic, actions that have been or will be taken in response to it and its overall impact on the economy, will continue to have an effect on our business operations and our operating results. See “Expected Impact of COVID-19 on the Company’s Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and related disclosures. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. The Company has identified certain estimates that involve a higher degree of judgment and are subject to a significant degree of variability. The Company’s critical accounting policies and the resultant estimates considered most significant by management are disclosed in the 2019 Annual Report. Except as disclosed in Note 2 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company’s critical accounting policies are consistent with those disclosed in the 2019 Annual Report.

Overall Corporate Results

The following presents the Company’s revenue, expenses and net income (loss) for the three month and sixnine month periods ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and the comparable period in 2019:

 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020 2019 2020 2019  2020  2019  2020  2019 
 (In thousands)             
Insurance premiums, net
 
$
46,499
  
$
45,469
  
$
92,049
  
$
90,251
  
$
44,978
  
$
45,005
  
$
137,027
  
$
135,256
 
Net investment income
 
1,850
  
2,313
  
3,889
  
4,647
  
1,828
  
2,187
  
5,717
  
6,834
 
Realized investment gains, net
 
-
  
610
  
249
  
1,995
 
Realized investment gains (losses), net 
183
  
(430
)
 
432
  
1,565
 
Unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities, net
 
1,355
  
(5,337
)
 
(7,100
)
 
1,152
  
(731
)
 
944
  
(7,831
)
 
2,096
 
Other income
  
33
   
72
   
60
   
100
   
11
   
39
   
71
   
139
 
Total revenue
  
49,737
   
43,127
   
89,147
   
98,145
   
46,269
   
47,745
   
135,416
   
145,890
 
Insurance benefits and losses incurred
 
27,076
  
34,151
  
60,659
  
69,458
  
29,219
  
34,719
  
89,878
  
104,177
 
Commissions and underwriting expenses
 
10,854
  
11,509
  
23,480
  
22,524
  
11,202
  
11,471
  
34,682
  
33,995
 
Interest expense
 
414
  
545
  
890
  
1,091
  
363
  
533
  
1,253
  
1,624
 
Other expense
  
3,112
   
2,511
   
6,064
   
5,376
   
3,052
   
2,766
   
9,116
   
8,142
 
Total benefits and expenses
  
41,456
   
48,716
   
91,093
   
98,449
   
43,836
   
49,489
   
134,929
   
147,938
 
Income (loss) before income taxes
 
$
8,281
  
$
(5,589
)
 
$
(1,946
)
 
$
(304
)
 
$
2,433
  
$
(1,744
)
 
$
487
  
$
(2,048
)
Net income (loss)
 
$
6,532
  
$
(4,426
)
 
$
(1,555
)
 
$
(264
)
 
$
1,876
  
$
(1,392
)
 
$
321
  
$
(1,656
)

-21-
Management also considers and evaluates performance by analyzing the non-GAAP measure operating income (loss), and believes it is a useful metric for investors, potential investors, securities analysts and others because it isolates the “core” operating results of the Company before considering certain items that are either beyond the control of management (such as taxes, which are subject to timing, regulatory and rate changes depending on the timing of the associated revenues and expenses) or are not expected to regularly impact the Company’s operational results (such as any realized and unrealized investment gains, which are not a part of the Company’s primary operations and are, to a limited extent, subject to discretion in terms of timing of realization).

18
A reconciliation of net income (loss) to operating income (loss) for the three month and sixnine month periods ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and the comparable period in 2019 is as follows:

 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measure 2020 2019 2020 2019  2020 2019 2020 2019 
 (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
Net income (loss)
 
$
6,532
  
$
(4,426
)
 
$
(1,555
)
 
$
(264
)
 
$
1,876
  
$
(1,392
)
 
$
321
  
$
(1,656
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
 
1,749
  
(1,163
)
 
(391
)
 
(40
)
 
557
  
(352
)
 
166
  
(392
)
Realized investment gains, net
 
-
  
(610
)
 
(249
)
 
(1,995
)
Realized investment (gains) losses, net 
(183
)
 
430
  
(432
)
 
(1,565
)
Unrealized (gains) losses on equity securities, net
  
(1,355
)
  
5,337
   
7,100
   
(1,152
)
  
731
   
(944
)
  
7,831
   
(2,096
)
Non-GAAP operating income (loss)
 
$
6,926
  
$
(862
)
 
$
4,905
  
$
(3,451
)
 
$
2,981
  
$
(2,258
)
 
$
7,886
  
$
(5,709
)

On a consolidated basis, the Company had net income of $6.5$1.9 million, or $0.30$0.09 per diluted share, for the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, compared to net loss of $4.4$1.4 million, or $0.22$0.07 per diluted share, for the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019.  The Company had net lossincome of $1.6$0.3 million, or $0.09$0.00 per diluted share, for the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, compared to net loss of $0.3$1.7 million, or $0.02$0.10 per diluted share, for the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019.  Premium revenue for the three month period ended June 30, 2020

Operating income increased $1.0 million, or 2.3%, to $46.5 million from $45.5$5.2 million in the three month period ended June 30, 2019.  For the six month period ended June 30, 2020, premium revenue increased $1.8 million, or 2.0%, to $92.0 million from $90.3 million in the comparable period in 2019. The increase in premium revenue was primarily attributable to an increase in the automobile physical damage line of business in the property and casualty operations.

Operating income increased $7.8 million in the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 from the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019.  For the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, operating income increased $8.4$13.6 million over the comparable period in 2019.  The increase in operating income was primarily due to favorable loss experience in the life and health operations, resulting from a significant decrease in the number of incurred claims within the Medicare supplement line of business.  This decrease in the number of incurred claims was primarily attributable to the Company’s individual policy holders being subject to varying degrees of shelter in place orders instituted throughout the United States during the second quarter of 2020 as a result of COVID-19. For the three month period ended September 30, 2020, premium decreased slightly from the comparable period in 2019. For the nine month period ended September 30, 2020, premium revenue increased $1.8 million, or 1.3%, to $137.0 million from $135.3 million in the comparable period in 2019. The increase in premium revenue was primarily attributable to an increase in the automobile physical damage line of business in the property and casualty operations.

A more detailed analysis of the individual operating segments and other corporate activities follows.

American Southern

The following summarizes American Southern’s premiums, losses, expenses and underwriting ratios for the three month and sixnine month periods ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and the comparable periods in 2019:

 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020 2019 2020 2019  2020 2019 2020 2019 
 (Dollars in thousands)  (Dollars in thousands) 
Gross written premiums
 
$
33,320
  
$
32,581
  
$
42,938
  
$
40,275
  
$
11,574
  
$
9,953
  
$
54,512
  
$
50,228
 
Ceded premiums
  
(1,451
)
  
(1,313
)
  
(2,845
)
  
(2,688
)
  
(1,519
)
  
(1,403
)
  
(4,364
)
  
(4,091
)
Net written premiums
 
$
31,869
  
$
31,268
  
$
40,093
  
$
37,587
  
$
10,055
  
$
8,550
  
$
50,148
  
$
46,137
 
Net earned premiums
 
$
15,824
  
$
14,754
  
$
30,746
  
$
28,560
  
$
14,770
  
$
14,475
  
$
45,516
  
$
43,035
 
Net loss and loss adjustment expenses
 
10,021
  
9,863
  
19,555
  
18,906
 
Insurance benefits and losses incurred 
9,131
  
9,440
  
28,686
  
28,346
 
Commissions and underwriting expenses
  
4,788
   
4,480
   
9,602
   
8,690
   
4,662
   
4,696
   
14,264
   
13,386
 
Underwriting income 
$
1,015
  
$
411
  
$
1,589
  
$
964
  
$
977
  
$
339
  
$
2,566
  
$
1,303
 
Loss ratio 
63.3
%
 
66.8
%
 
63.6
%
 
66.2
%
 
61.8
%
 
65.2
%
 
63.0
%
 
65.9
%
Expense ratio
  
30.3
   
30.4
   
31.2
   
30.4
   
31.6
   
32.4
   
31.3
   
31.1
 
Combined ratio
  
93.6
%
  
97.2
%
  
94.8
%
  
96.6
%
  
93.4
%
  
97.6
%
  
94.3
%
  
97.0
%

Gross written premiums at American Southern increased $0.7$1.6 million, or 2.3%16.3%, during the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and $2.7$4.3 million, or 6.6%8.5%, during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, from the comparable periods in 2019. The increase in gross written premiums was primarily attributable to an increase in premiums written in the automobile physical damage line of business due to a new agency that started in the second half of 2019, as well as increased writings from certain existing agencies.

Ceded premiums increased $0.1 million, or 10.5%8.3%, during the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and $0.2$0.3 million, or 5.8%6.7%, during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, from the comparable periods in 2019. American Southern’s ceded premiums are typically determined as a percentage of earned premiums and generally increase or decrease as earned premiums increase or decrease.  Also contributing to the increase in ceded premiums in 2020 was an increase in earned premiums in certain accounts within the automobile physical damage and general liability lines of business, which are subject to reinsurance.

The following presents American Southern’s net earned premiums by line of business for the three month and sixnine month periods ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and the comparable periods in 2019:

 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020 2019 2020 2019  2020 2019 2020 2019 
 (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
Automobile liability 
$
8,223
  
$
7,813
  
$
15,363
  
$
14,837
  
$
6,804
  
$
7,585
  
$
22,167
  
$
22,422
 
Automobile physical damage 
4,472
  
3,799
  
9,020
  
7,401
  
4,499
  
3,597
  
13,519
  
10,998
 
General liability 
888
  
819
  
1,739
  
1,603
  
1,008
  
884
  
2,747
  
2,487
 
Surety 
1,441
  
1,608
  
3,046
  
3,295
  
1,417
  
1,552
  
4,463
  
4,847
 
Other lines
  
800
   
715
   
1,578
   
1,424
   
1,042
   
857
   
2,620
   
2,281
 
Total 
$
15,824
  
$
14,754
  
$
30,746
  
$
28,560
  
$
14,770
  
$
14,475
  
$
45,516
  
$
43,035
 

Net earned premiums increased $1.1$0.3 million, or 7.3%2.0%, during the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, and increased $2.2$2.5 million, or 7.7%5.8%, during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, over the comparable periods in 2019. The increase in net earned premiums was primarily attributable to an increase in automobile physical damage coverage resulting from the new agency as previously mentioned, as well as a rate increase on a large automobile liability account.mentioned. Premiums are earned ratably over their respective policy terms, and therefore premiums earned in the current year are related to policies written during both the current year and immediately preceding year.

The performance of an insurance company is often measured by its combined ratio. The combined ratio represents the percentage of losses, loss adjustment expenses and other expenses that are incurred for each dollar of premium earned by the company. A combined ratio of under 100% represents an underwriting profit while a combined ratio of over 100% indicates an underwriting loss. The combined ratio is divided into two components, the loss ratio (the ratio of losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred to premiums earned) and the expense ratio (the ratio of expenses incurred to premiums earned).

Net lossInsurance benefits and loss adjustment expenseslosses incurred at American Southern increased $0.2decreased $0.3 million, or 1.6%3.3%, during the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, and $0.6increased $0.3 million, or 3.4%1.2%, during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, over the comparable periods in 2019. As a percentage of earned premiums, net loss and loss adjustment expenses were 63.3%61.8% in the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, compared to 66.8%65.2% in the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019.  For the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, this ratio decreased to 63.6%63.0% from 66.2%65.9% in the comparable period in 2019. The decrease in the loss ratio during the three month period and sixnine month periods ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 was primarily due to a decrease in the severity of claims in the automobile liability line of business.  Partially offsetting the decrease in the loss ratio during the three month and sixnine month periods ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 was less favorable loss experience in the automobile physical damage line of business due to an increase in frequency of claims from the new agency.

Commissions and underwriting expenses increased $0.3 million, or 6.9%,decreased slightly during the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, and increased $0.9 million, or 10.5%6.6%, during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, over the comparable periods in 2019. As a percentage of earned premiums, underwriting expenses were 30.3%31.6% in the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, compared to 30.4%32.4% in the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019. For the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, this ratio increased to 31.2%31.3% from 30.4%31.1% in the comparable period in 2019.  The decrease in the expense ratio during the three month period ended September 30, 2020 was primarily attributable to an increase in earned premiums coupled with a slight decrease in commissions and underwriting expenses. The increase in the expense ratio during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 was primarily due to American Southern’s use of a variable commission structure with certain agents, which compensates the participating agents in relation to the loss ratios of the business they write. During periods in which the loss ratio decreases, commissions and underwriting expenses will generally increase, and conversely, during periods in which the loss ratio increases, commissions and underwriting expenses will generally decrease.  During the three month and six month periods ended June 30, 2020, variable commissions at American Southern remained relatively consistent and increased by $0.2 million, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2019 due to favorable loss experience from accounts subject to variable commissions.

Bankers Fidelity

The following summarizes Bankers Fidelity’s earned premiums, losses, expenses and underwriting ratios for the three month and sixnine month periods ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and the comparable periods in 2019:

 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020 2019 2020 2019  2020 2019 2020 2019 
 (Dollars in thousands)  (Dollars in thousands) 
Medicare supplement
 
$
43,787
  
$
44,541
  
$
88,102
  
$
88,870
  
$
43,573
  
$
44,810
  
$
131,675
  
$
133,680
 
Other health products
 
2,311
  
1,896
  
4,495
  
3,886
  
2,385
  
1,953
  
6,880
  
5,839
 
Life insurance
  
2,557
   
2,154
   
4,814
   
4,296
   
2,256
   
2,075
   
7,070
   
6,371
 
Gross earned premiums
 
48,655
  
48,591
  
97,411
  
97,052
  
48,214
  
48,838
  
145,625
  
145,890
 
Ceded premiums
  
(17,980
)
  
(17,876
)
  
(36,108
)
  
(35,361
)
  
(18,006
)
  
(18,308
)
  
(54,114
)
  
(53,669
)
Net earned premiums
  
30,675
   
30,715
   
61,303
   
61,691
   
30,208
   
30,530
   
91,511
   
92,221
 
Insurance benefits and losses
 
17,055
  
24,288
  
41,104
  
50,552
 
Insurance benefits and losses incurred 
20,088
  
25,279
  
61,192
  
75,831
 
Commissions and underwriting expenses
  
7,778
   
8,954
   
17,382
   
17,562
   
8,021
   
8,365
   
25,403
   
25,927
 
Total expenses
  
24,833
   
33,242
   
58,486
   
68,114
   
28,109
   
33,644
   
86,595
   
101,758
 
Underwriting income (loss)
 
$
5,842
  
$
(2,527
)
 
$
2,817
  
$
(6,423
)
 
$
2,099
  
$
(3,114
)
 
$
4,916
  
$
(9,537
)
Loss ratio
 
55.6
%
 
79.1
%
 
67.1
%
 
81.9
%
 
66.5
%
 
82.8
%
 
66.9
%
 
82.2
%
Expense ratio
  
25.4
   
29.2
   
28.4
   
28.5
   
26.6
   
27.4
   
27.8
   
28.1
 
Combined ratio
  
81.0
%
  
108.3
%
  
95.5
%
  
110.4
%
  
93.1
%
  
110.2
%
  
94.7
%
  
110.3
%

Net earned premium revenue at Bankers Fidelity remained relatively consistentdecreased $0.3 million, or 1.1%, during the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, and $0.4$0.7 million, or 0.6%0.8%, during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, from the comparable periods in 2019. Gross earned premiums from the Medicare supplement line of business decreased $0.8$1.2 million, or 1.7%2.8%, during the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, and $0.8$2.0 million, or 0.9%1.5%, during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, due primarily to non-renewals exceeding the level of new business writings. Other health product premiums increased $0.4 million, or 21.9%22.1%, during the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, and $0.6$1.0 million, or 15.7%17.8%, during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, over the comparable periods in 2019, primarily as a result of new sales of the company’s group health products. Gross earned premiums from the life insurance line of business increased $0.4$0.2 million, or 18.7%8.7%, during the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, and $0.5$0.7 million, or 12.1%11.0%, during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 over the comparable periods in 2019 due to an increase in the group life products premium. Partially offsetting the increase in gross earned premiums from the life insurance line was a decrease in individual life products premium, resulting from the redemption and settlement of existing individual life policy obligations exceeding the level of new individual life sales.  Premiums ceded increased $0.1decreased $0.3 million, or 0.6%1.6%, during the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and $0.7increased $0.4 million, or 2.1%0.8%, during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, over the comparable periods in 2019.  The increasedecrease in ceded premiums for the three month and sixperiod ended September 30, 2020 was due to non-renewals exceeding the level of new business writings, as previously discussed. The increase in ceded premiums for the nine month periodsperiod ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 was due to an increase in Medicare supplement premiums subject to reinsurance.

BenefitsInsurance benefits and losses incurred decreased $7.2$5.2 million, or 29.8%20.5%, during the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, and $9.4$14.6 million, or 18.7%19.3%, during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, from the comparable periods in 2019.  As a percentage of earned premiums, benefits and losses were 55.6%66.5% in the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, compared to 79.1%82.8% in the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019.  For the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, this ratio decreased to 67.1%66.9% from 81.9%82.2% in the comparable period in 2019.  The decrease in the loss ratio for the three month and sixnine month periods ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 was primarily due to a significantly lower number of claims incurred in the Medicare supplement line of business due to the Company’s individual policy holders being subject to varying degrees of shelter in place orders instituted throughout the United States during the second quarter of 2020 as a result of COVID-19. Also contributing to the decrease in the loss ratio was an improvement in rate adequacy in the Medicare supplement line of business as a result of implementation of rate increases on existing business.

Commissions and underwriting expenses decreased $1.2$0.3 million, or 13.1%4.1%, during the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, and $0.2$0.5 million, or 1.0%2.0%, during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, over the comparable periods in 2019.  As a percentage of earned premiums, underwriting expenses were 25.4%26.6% in the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, compared to 29.2%27.4% in the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019.  For the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, this ratio decreased to 28.4%27.8% from 28.5%28.1% in the comparable period in 2019. The decrease in the expense ratio for the three month and sixnine month periods ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 was primarily due to a decrease in agent incentive costs and realization of costs saving initiatives, predominantly related to postage and printing.costs.

Net Investment Income and Realized Gains (Losses)

Investment income decreased $0.5$0.4 million, or 20.0%16.4%, during the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, and $0.8$1.1 million, or 16.3%, during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, over the comparable periods in 2019. The decrease in investment income was primarily attributable to net losses in the Company’s other invested assets coupled with slightly lower investment yields on fixed maturity securities.assets.

The Company had no net realized investment gains during the three month period ended June 30, 2020, compared to net realized investment gains of $0.6 million during the three month period ended June 30, 2019.  The Company had net realized investment gains of $0.2 million during the sixthree month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, compared to net realized investment losses of $0.4 million during the three month period ended September 30, 2019.  The Company had net realized investment gains of $0.4 million during the nine month period ended September 30, 2020, compared to net realized investment gains of $2.0$1.6 million during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019.  The net realized investment gains during the sixthree month periodand nine month periods ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 resulted primarily from the disposition of several of the Company’s investments in equityfixed maturity securities. Management continually evaluates the Company’s investment portfolio and makes adjustments for impairments and/or divests investments as may be determined to be appropriate.

Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Equity Securities

Investments in equity securities are measured at fair value at the end of the reporting period, with any changes in fair value reported in net income during the period, with certain exceptions. The Company recognized net unrealized gainslosses on equity securities of $1.4$0.7 million during the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and unrealized lossesgains on equity securities of $5.3$0.9 million during the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019.  The Company recognized net unrealized losses on equity securities of $7.1$7.8 million during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and unrealized gains on equity securities of $1.2$2.1 million during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019.  Changes in unrealized gains on equity securities for the applicable periods are primarily the result of fluctuations in the market valuesvalue of certain of the Company’s equity investments.securities.

Interest Expense

Interest expense decreased $0.1$0.2 million, or 24.0%31.9%, during the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, and $0.2$0.4 million, or 18.4%22.8%, during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, from the comparable periods in 2019. Changes in interest expense were primarily due to changesa decline in the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), as the interest rates on the Company’s outstanding junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures (“Junior Subordinated Debentures”) are directly related to LIBOR.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The primary cash needs of the Company are for the payment of claims and operating expenses, maintaining adequate statutory capital and surplus levels, and meeting debt service requirements. Current and expected patterns of claim frequency and severity may change from period to period but generally are expected to continue within historical ranges. The Company’s primary sources of cash are written premiums, investment income and proceeds from the sale and maturity of its invested assets. The Company believes that, within each operating company, total invested assets will be sufficient to satisfy all policy liabilities and that cash inflows from investment earnings, future premium receipts and reinsurance collections will be adequate to fund the payment of claims and operating expenses as needed.

Cash flows at the Parent are derived from dividends, management fees, and tax-sharing payments, as described below, from the subsidiaries. The principal cash needs of the Parent are for the payment of operating expenses, the acquisition of capital assets and debt service requirements, as well as the repurchase of shares and payments of any dividends as may be authorized and approved by the Company’s board of directors from time to time. At JuneSeptember 30, 2020, the Parent had approximately $5.2$4.6 million of unrestricted cash and investments.

The Parent’s insurance subsidiaries reported statutory net income of $4.7$8.5 million for the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, compared to statutory net loss of $1.7$4.2 million for the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019. Statutory results are impacted by the recognition of all costs of acquiring business. In periods in which the Company’s first year premiums increase, statutory results are generally lower than results determined under GAAP. Statutory results for the Company’s property and casualty operations may differ from the Company’s results of operations under GAAP due to the deferral of acquisition costs for financial reporting purposes. The Company’s life and health operations’ statutory results may differ from GAAP results primarily due to the deferral of acquisition costs for financial reporting purposes, as well as the use of different reserving methods.

Over 90% of the invested assets of the Parent’s insurance subsidiaries are invested in marketable securities that can be converted into cash, if required; however, the use of such assets by the Company is limited by state insurance regulations. Dividend payments to a parent corporation by its wholly owned insurance subsidiaries are subject to annual limitations and are restricted to 10% of statutory surplus or statutory earnings before recognizing realized investment gains of the individual insurance subsidiaries. At JuneSeptember 30, 2020, American Southern had $42.9$46.4 million of statutory capital and surplus and Bankers Fidelity had $32.2$35.7 million of statutory capital and surplus. In 2020, dividend payments by the Parent’s insurance subsidiaries in excess of $4.6 million would require prior approval. Through JuneSeptember 30, 2020, the Parent received dividends of $1.8$2.7 million from its subsidiaries.

The Parent provides certain administrative and other services to each of its insurance subsidiaries. The amounts charged to and paid by the subsidiaries include reimbursements for various shared services and other expenses incurred directly on behalf of the subsidiaries by the Parent. In addition, there is in place a formal tax-sharing agreement between the Parent and its insurance subsidiaries. As a result of the Parent’s tax loss, it is anticipated that the tax-sharing agreement will continue to provide the Parent with additional funds from profitable subsidiaries to assist in meeting its cash flow obligations.

The Company has two statutory trusts which exist for the exclusive purpose of issuing trust preferred securities representing undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the trusts and investing the gross proceeds of the trust preferred securities in Junior Subordinated Debentures. The outstanding $18.0 million and $15.7 million of Junior Subordinated Debentures mature on December 4, 2032 and May 15, 2033, respectively, are callable quarterly, in whole or in part, only at the option of the Company, and have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus an applicable margin. The margin ranges from 4.00% to 4.10%. At JuneSeptember 30, 2020, the effective interest rate was 4.42%4.32%. The obligations of the Company with respect to the issuances of the trust preferred securities represent a full and unconditional guarantee by the Parent of each trust’s obligations with respect to the trust preferred securities. Subject to certain exceptions and limitations, the Company may elect from time to time to defer Junior Subordinated Debenture interest payments, which would result in a deferral of distribution payments on the related trust preferred securities. As of JuneSeptember 30, 2020, the Company has not made such an election.

The Company intends to pay its obligations under the Junior Subordinated Debentures using existing cash balances, dividend and tax-sharing payments from the operating subsidiaries, or from potential future financing arrangements.

At JuneSeptember 30, 2020, the Company had 55,000 shares of Series D preferred stock (“Series D Preferred Stock”) outstanding. All of the shares of Series D Preferred Stock are held by an affiliate of the Company’s controlling shareholder. The outstanding shares of Series D Preferred Stock have a stated value of $100 per share; accrue annual dividends at a rate of $7.25 per share (payable in cash or shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of the board of directors of the Company) and are cumulative. In certain circumstances, the shares of the Series D Preferred Stock may be convertible into an aggregate of approximately 1,378,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, subject to certain adjustments and provided that such adjustments do not result in the Company issuing more than approximately 2,703,000 shares of common stock without obtaining prior shareholder approval; and are redeemable solely at the Company’s option. The Series D Preferred Stock is not currently convertible. At JuneSeptember 30, 2020, the Company had accrued but unpaid dividends on the Series D Preferred Stock totaling $0.2$0.3 million.

During 2020, Bankers Fidelity Life Insurance Company (“BFLIC”) became a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta (“FHLB”), for the primary purpose of enhancing financial flexibility. As a member, BFLIC can obtain access to low-cost funding and also receive dividends on FHLB stock. The membership arrangement established initial credit availability of five percent of statutory admitted assets, or approximately $8 million. Additional FHLB stock purchases may be required based upon the amount of funds borrowed from the FHLB.  BFLIC would be required to post acceptable forms of collateral for any borrowings it makes from the FHLB.  To date, BFLIC has not made any borrowings from the FHLB.
Cash and cash equivalents increaseddecreased from $12.9 million at December 31, 2019 to $16.4$8.9 million at JuneSeptember 30, 2020. The increasedecrease in cash and cash equivalents during the sixnine month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 was primarily attributable to a $3.1$2.8 million increasedecrease resulting from purchases of securities exceeding investment sales and maturity of securities exceeding purchases of securities in addition to net cash provided byused in operating activities of $0.6$0.9 million.

The Company believes that existing cash balances as well as the dividends, fees, and tax-sharing payments it expects to receive from its subsidiaries and, if needed, additional borrowings from financial institutions, will enable the Company to meet its liquidity requirements for the foreseeable future. Management is not aware of any current recommendations by regulatory authorities, which, if implemented, would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s liquidity, capital resources or operations.

Expected Impact of COVID-19 on the Company’s Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The duration and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is unknown at this time and it is not possible for us to reliably estimate the impact on the financial condition, operating results or liquidity of the Company and its operating subsidiaries in future periods.  However, we do not currently expect a significant decline in liquidity or operating results as a result of the disruption caused by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.  To date, the most significant impact of COVID-19 on the Company’s financial position has been volatility in the fair value of the Company’s fixed maturity and equity investments due to disruption in the financial markets.

We expect that earned premiums could be adversely impacted by a weakened economy leading to a slowdown in new sales and reduced retention of insureds.  Additionally, a number of states have issued bulletins that either encourage or require premium leniency such as extension of grace periods or moratoriums on cancellation of policies for non-payment.  The Company does not expect a significant reduction or delay in payments and continues to monitor state required actions as they develop.

For the Company’s property and casualty operations, the majority of premium revenue is derived from automobile liability and automobile physical damage lines of business written on a multi-year contract basis with state and local governments.  Although we cannot predict with certainty at this time, we do not expect a significant level of cancellations or non-renewals of our property and casualty contracts in the short term but recognize that a prolonged economic slowdown could adversely affect future results.  However, it is expected that certain automobile programs may request partial premium refunds as a result of a decline in usage, which the Company will continue to evaluate.

Benefits and losses in our property and casualty operations could be adversely impacted as a result of disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.  However, due to the nature of our primary product lines, the impact is not currently expected to be material.  Additionally, we expect to see a reduction in frequency and severity of claims in the automobile lines of business as fewer miles are driven and less people are on the roads.  As a result, we do not currently expect a material adverse effect on operating results or liquidity in the property and casualty operations.

The majority of premium revenue in our life and health operations are derived from the senior market segment of the population, or those individuals age sixty-five and up, who maintain Medicare supplement and to a lesser extent, whole life insurance policies with the Company.  We expect that earned premiums could be adversely impacted by the rise in unemployment and economic slowdown related to the COVID-19 pandemic and individual, business and government responses thereto, which could lead to a decline in new sales and reduced retention of insureds.  As a result, we currently anticipate that the life and health operations may experience a marginal decline in earned premiums although the actual impact cannot be predicted with certainty at this time.

Unforeseen infectious diseases that impact large portions of a population can have an adverse impact on mortality and morbidity, and resultant benefits and losses incurred by the Company’s life and health operations.  Accordingly, the Company does anticipate incurring higher costs, potentially similar to prior influenza seasons, as it relates to life insurance claims.  However, with much of the country sheltering in place over an extended period, the Company expects a decreasehas experienced lower utilization of certain accident and health benefits, particularly in non-medically necessary services being performed with manythe Medicare supplement line of the services deferred until a later date when these procedures are allowed to take place.  Additionally, the Company expects there will be some routine medical services that are deferred indefinitely.business.  As a result, and although the actual impact cannot be predicted with certainty at this time, the Company does not expect significant adverse development in total benefits and losses incurred in its life and health operations.

In addition to the information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the discussions of the COVID-19 pandemic and related economic developments presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, our Quarterly ReportReports on Form 10-Q for the quarterquarters ended March 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020 in other reports we file with the SEC from time to time, all of which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results.

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ItemItem 4. Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management necessarily applies its judgment in assessing the costs and benefits of such controls and procedures, which, by their nature, can provide only reasonable assurance regarding management’s control objectives. The Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures can prevent all possible errors or fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. There are inherent limitations in all control systems, including the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple errors or mistakes. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the intentional acts of one or more persons. The design of any system of controls is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and, while our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to be effective under circumstances where they should reasonably be expected to operate effectively, there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Because of the inherent limitations in any control system, misstatements due to possible errors or fraud may occur and may not be detected. An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report contains and references certain information that constitutes forward-looking statements as that term is defined in the federal securities laws. Statements, to the extent they are not statements of historical facts, should be considered forward-looking statements, and are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Such forward-looking statements are made based upon management’s current assessments of various risks and uncertainties, as well as assumptions made in accordance with the “safe harbor” provisions of the federal securities laws. The Company’s actual results could differ materially from the results anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of such risks and uncertainties, including those identified in filings made by the Company from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, other risks and uncertainties not known by us, or that we currently determine to not be material, may materially adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. The Company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement as a result of subsequent developments, changes in underlying assumptions or facts, or otherwise.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

On October 31, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a plan that allows for the repurchase of up to 750,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Repurchase Plan”) on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, as determined by an authorized officer of the Company. Any such repurchases can be made from time to time in accordance with applicable securities laws and other requirements.

Other than pursuant to the Repurchase Plan, no purchases of common stock of the Company were made by or on behalf of the Company during the periods described below.

The table below sets forth information regarding repurchases by the Company of shares of its common stock on a monthly basis during the three month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020.

Period 
Total Number
of Shares
Purchased
  
Average
Price Paid
per Share
  
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of
Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs
  
Maximum Number
Number of
Shares that
May Yet be
Purchased
Under the Plans
Plans or
Programs
 
AprilJuly 1 – April 30,July 31, 2020
  
-—
  
$
-—
   
-—
   
325,129
 
MayAugust 1 – MayAugust 31, 2020
  
-—
   
-—
   
-—
   
325,129
 
JuneSeptember 1 – JuneSeptember 30, 2020
  
-—
   
-—
   
-—
   
325,129
 
Total
  
-—
  
$
-—
   
-—
     

ItemItem 6. ExhibitsExhibits

Certification of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  
Certification of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  
Certifications pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  
101. INS
XBRL Instance Document.
  
101. SCH
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema.
  
101. CAL
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase.
  
101.DEF
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase.
  
101.LAB
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase.
  
101.PRE
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase.

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SIGNATURESSIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 
ATLANTIC AMERICAN CORPORATION
 (Registrant)
 
    
Date: August 11,November 10, 2020
By:
/s/ J. Ross Franklin
 
  
J. Ross Franklin
  
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
  
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)


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