UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31,June 30, 2023

OR

☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____________ to ____________

Commission File No. 000-16867

 UTG, INC. 
 (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 
   
Delaware 20-2907892
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
   
 205 North Depot Street 
 Stanford, KY 40484 
 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (217) 241-6300

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 
Title of each className of each exchange on which registered
       None                             None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Title of class
Common Stock, stated value $.001 per share

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ⌧  No □

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulations S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ⌧ No □

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer □
Accelerated filer □
  
Non-accelerated filer □
Smaller reporting company ☒
  
 
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. □

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes ☐    No ☒
 
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock as of April 30,July 31, 2023 was 3,187,284.3,167,186.


UTG, Inc.
(The “Company”)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part I.   Financial Information4
Item 1.  Financial Statements4
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity7
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows8
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements9
Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations22
Item 4.  Controls and Procedures29
Part II.  Other Information
29
Item 1.  Legal Proceedings29
Item 1A. Risk Factors29
Item 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds29
Item 3.  Defaults Upon Senior Securities29
Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures29
Item 5.  Other Information29
Item 6.  Exhibits29
Signatures
30


Part 1.   Financial Information.
Item 1.  Financial Statements.

UTG, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

 March 31, 2023  December 31, 2022*  June 30, 2023  December 31, 2022* 
ASSETSASSETS ASSETS 
Investments:            
Investments, available for sale:            
Fixed maturities, at fair value (amortized cost $117,312,884 and $117,279,820)
 $111,140,163  $108,313,059 
Equity securities, at fair value (cost $77,544,766 and $77,015,688)  141,927,670   150,053,686 
Fixed maturities, at fair value (amortized cost $115,257,457 and $117,279,820)
 $107,339,371  $108,313,059 
Equity securities, at fair value (cost $80,670,210 and $77,015,688)  145,115,511   150,053,686 
Equity securities, at cost  15,683,343   15,683,343   15,683,343   15,683,343 
Mortgage loans on real estate at amortized cost  29,341,107   30,698,694   28,795,729   30,698,694 
Investment real estate  34,675,349   34,934,352   34,557,435   34,934,352 
Notes receivable  15,665,605   14,424,127   12,868,853   14,424,127 
Policy loans  6,495,606   6,567,434   6,277,787   6,567,434 
Short-term investments  3,638,309   3,596,941   3,680,135   3,596,941 
Total investments  358,567,152   364,271,636   354,318,164   364,271,636 
                
Cash and cash equivalents  28,282,905   45,290,385   23,841,690   45,290,385 
Accrued investment income  1,061,292   1,371,677   1,458,149   1,371,677 
Reinsurance receivables:                
Future policy benefits  24,305,264   24,318,030   24,041,985   24,318,030 
Policy claims and other benefits  4,282,737   4,638,857   4,765,349   4,638,857 
Cost of insurance acquired  2,532,839   2,698,153   2,367,514   2,698,153 
Income tax receivable  578,637   0 
Other assets  586,420   4,945,627   806,274   4,945,627 
Total assets $419,618,609  $447,534,365  $412,177,762  $447,534,365 
                
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
Liabilities:                
Policy liabilities and accruals:                
Future policyholder benefits $228,377,562  $229,582,664  $226,485,914  $229,582,664 
Policy claims and benefits payable  3,460,941   4,072,879   3,591,492   4,072,879 
Other policyholder funds  320,658   318,096   301,209   318,096 
Dividend and endowment accumulations  14,812,137   14,802,746   14,698,988   14,802,746 
Income taxes payable  4,066,348   4,189,081   0   4,189,081 
Deferred income taxes  10,250,018   11,582,138   9,600,138   11,582,138 
Notes payable  0   19,000,000   0   19,000,000 
Other liabilities  4,887,117   5,958,385   5,457,701   5,958,385 
Total liabilities  266,174,781   289,505,989   260,135,442   289,505,989 
                
Shareholders' equity:                
Common stock - no par value, stated value $0.001 per share. Authorized 7,000,000 shares - 3,187,708 and 3,164,809 shares outstanding  3,189   3,166 
Common stock - no par value, stated value $0.001 per share. Authorized 7,000,000 shares - 3,183,035 and 3,164,809 shares outstanding  3,184   3,166 
Additional paid-in capital  33,268,111   32,693,972   33,136,764   32,693,972 
Retained earnings  124,592,860   131,989,352   124,672,520   131,989,352 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)  (4,904,294)  (7,111,586)  (6,283,132)  (7,111,586)
Total UTG shareholders' equity  152,959,866   157,574,904   151,529,336   157,574,904 
Noncontrolling interests  483,962   453,472   512,984   453,472 
Total shareholders' equity  153,443,828   158,028,376   152,042,320   158,028,376 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $419,618,609  $447,534,365  $412,177,762  $447,534,365 

* Balance sheet audited at December 31, 2022.

See accompanying notes.


UTG, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)

 Three Months Ended  Three Months Ended  Six Months Ended 
 March 31,  March 31,  June 30,  June 30,  June 30,  June 30, 
 2023  2022  2023  2022  2023  2022 
Revenue:                  
Premiums and policy fees $2,057,181  $2,153,061  $2,087,436  $2,155,643  $4,144,617  $4,308,704 
Ceded reinsurance premiums and policy fees  (517,811)  (646,149)  (807,170)  (721,650)  (1,324,981)  (1,367,799)
Net investment income  3,318,165   4,459,368   3,243,796   4,440,186   6,561,961   8,899,554 
Other income  36,585   61,323   70,233   
93,713
   106,818   155,036 
Revenue before net investment gains (losses)  4,894,120   6,027,603   4,594,295   5,967,892   9,488,415   11,995,495 
Net investment gains (losses):                        
Other realized investment gains, net  716,300   4,780,149   319,310   79,109   1,035,610   4,859,258 
Change in fair value of equity securities  (8,645,474)  8,154,629   1,459,478   (790,338)  (7,185,996)  7,364,291 
Total net investment gains (losses)  (7,929,174)  12,934,778   1,778,788   (711,229)  (6,150,386)  12,223,549 
Total revenue  (3,035,054)  18,962,381   6,373,083   5,256,663   3,338,029   24,219,044 
                        
Benefits and other expenses:                        
Benefits, claims and settlement expenses:                        
Life  3,649,024   4,660,797   4,499,416   3,609,121   8,148,440   8,269,918 
Ceded reinsurance benefits and claims  (613,361)  (987,431)  (883,655)  245,841   (1,497,016)  (741,590)
Annuity  251,632   263,042   257,811   256,188   509,443   519,230 
Dividends to policyholders  86,998   87,159   81,704   85,933   168,702   173,092 
Commissions and amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs  (27,856)  (25,669)  (26,298)  (26,290)  (54,154)  (51,959)
Amortization of cost of insurance acquired  165,314   172,087   165,325   172,087   330,639   344,174 
Operating expenses  2,271,876   2,918,323   2,035,539   1,899,338   4,307,415   4,817,661 
Interest expense  13,923   11,974   2,897   23,306   16,820   35,280 
Total benefits and other expenses  5,797,550   7,100,282   6,132,739   6,265,524   11,930,289   13,365,806 
                        
Income (loss) before income taxes  (8,832,604)  11,862,099   240,344   (1,008,861)  (8,592,260)  10,853,238 
Income tax expense (benefit)  (1,920,852)  2,643,062   131,662   (270,762)  (1,789,190)  2,372,300 
                        
Net income (loss)  (6,911,752)  9,219,037   108,682   (738,099)  (6,803,070)  8,480,938 
                        
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests  (30,490)  (26,714)  (29,022)  (27,107)  (59,512)  (53,821)
                        
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders $(6,942,242) $9,192,323  $79,660  $(765,206) $(6,862,582) $8,427,117 
                        
Amounts attributable to common shareholders                        
Basic income (loss) per share $(2.18) $2.90  $0.03  $(0.24) $(2.15) $2.66 
                        
Diluted income (loss) per share $(2.18) $2.90  $0.03  $(0.24) $(2.15) $2.66 
                        
Basic weighted average shares outstanding  3,189,100   3,171,087   3,185,576   3,172,243   3,187,327   3,171,667 
                        
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding  3,189,100   3,171,087   3,185,576   3,172,243   3,187,327   3,171,667 


See accompanying notes.



UTG, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited)

 Three Months Ended  Three Months Ended  Six Months Ended 
 March 31,  March 31,  June 30,  June 30,  June 30,  June 30, 
 2023  2022  2023  2022  2023  2022 
Net income (loss) $(6,911,752) $9,219,037  $108,682  $(738,099) $(6,803,070) $8,480,938 
                        
Other comprehensive income (loss):                        
                        
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during period, pre-tax  2,810,499   (9,184,559)  (1,725,615)  (7,129,016)  1,084,884   (16,313,575)
Tax (expense) benefit on unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period  (586,749)  1,928,757   366,527   1,497,094   (220,222)  3,425,851 
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during period, net of tax  2,223,750   (7,255,802)  (1,359,088)  (5,631,922)  864,662   (12,887,724)
                        
Less reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income  (20,833)  (4,369)  (25,000)  4,896   (45,833)  527 
Tax expense (benefit) for gains included in net income (loss)  4,375   918   5,250   (1,029)  9,625   (111)
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income, net of tax  (16,458)  (3,451)  (19,750)  3,867   (36,208)  416 
Subtotal: Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax  2,207,292   (7,259,253)  (1,378,838)  (5,628,055)  828,454   (12,887,308)
                        
Comprehensive income (loss)  (4,704,460)  1,959,784   (1,270,156)  (6,366,154)  (5,974,616)  (4,406,370)
                        
Less comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests  (30,490)  (26,714)  (29,022)  (27,107)  (59,512)  (53,821)
                        
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to UTG, Inc. $(4,734,950) $1,933,070  $(1,299,178) $(6,393,261) $(6,034,128) $(4,460,191)


See accompanying notes.



UTG, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 Common Stock  Additional Paid-In Capital  Retained Earnings  
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income
  Noncontrolling Interest  Total Shareholders’ Equity 
                   
Balance at March 31, 2023 $3,189  $33,268,111  $124,592,860  $(4,904,294) $483,962  $153,443,828 
Common stock issued during year  0   0   0   0   0   0 
Treasury shares acquired  (5)  (131,347)  0   0   0   (131,352)
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders  0   0   79,660   0   0   79,660 
Unrealized holding income on securities net of noncontrolling interest and reclassification adjustment and taxes  0   0   0   (1,378,838)  0   (1,378,838)
Contributions  0   0   0   0   0   0 
Distributions  0   0   0   0   0   0 
Gain attributable to noncontrolling interest  0   0   0   0   29,022   29,022 
Balance at June 30, 2023 $3,184  $33,136,764  $124,672,520  $(6,283,132) $512,984  $152,042,320 

Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 Common Stock  Additional Paid-In Capital  Retained Earnings  
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income
  Noncontrolling Interest  Total Shareholders’ Equity 
                   
Balance at December 31, 2022 $3,166  $32,693,972  $131,989,352  $(7,111,586) $453,472  $158,028,376 
Adoption of new accounting standard  0   0   (454,250)  0   0   (454,250)
   3,166   32,693,972   131,535,102   (7,111,586)  453,472   157,574,126 
Common stock issued during year  27   674,363   0   0   0   674,390 
Treasury shares acquired  (9)  (231,571)  0   0   0   (231,580)
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders  0   0   (6,862,582)  0   0   (6,862,582)
Unrealized holding income on securities net of noncontrolling interest and reclassification adjustment and taxes  0   0   0   828,454   0   828,454 
Contributions  0   0   0   0   0   0 
Distributions  0   0   0   0   0   0 
Gain attributable to noncontrolling interest  0   0   0   0   59,512   59,512 
Balance at June 30, 2023 $3,184  $33,136,764  $124,672,520  $(6,283,132) $512,984  $152,042,320 

See accompanying notes.



UTG, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders'Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Common Stock  Additional Paid-In Capital  Retained Earnings  Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income  Noncontrolling Interest  Total Shareholders' Equity 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Common Stock  Additional Paid-In Capital  Retained Earnings  
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income
  Noncontrolling Interest  Total Shareholders’ Equity 
                                    
Balance at December 31, 2022 $3,166  $32,693,972  $131,989,352  $(7,111,586) $453,472  $158,028,376 
Adoption of new accounting standard  0   0   (454,250)  0   0   (454,250)
  3,166   32,693,972   131,535,102   (7,111,586)  453,472   157,574,126 
Balance at March 31, 2022 $3,176  $32,999,942  $106,923,670  $2,993,898  $503,266  $143,423,952 
Common stock issued during year  27   674,363   0   0   0   674,390   0   0   0   0   0   0 
Treasury shares acquired  (4)  (100,224)  0   0   0   (100,228)  (6)  (145,892)  0   0   0   (145,898)
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders  0   0   (6,942,242)  0   0   (6,942,242)
Net income attributable to common shareholders  0   0   (765,206)  0   0   (765,206)
Unrealized holding income on securities net of noncontrolling interest and reclassification adjustment and taxes  0   0   0   2,207,292   0   2,207,292   0   0   0   (5,628,055)  0   (5,628,055)
Contributions  0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0 
Distributions  0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   603   603 
Gain attributable to noncontrolling interest  0   0   0   0   30,490   30,490   0   0   0   0   27,107   27,107 
Balance at March 31, 2023 $3,189  $33,268,111  $124,592,860  $(4,904,294) $483,962  $153,443,828 
Balance at June 30, 2022 $3,170  $32,854,050  $106,158,464  $(2,634,157) $530,976  $136,912,503 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Common Stock  Additional Paid-In Capital  Retained Earnings  Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income  Noncontrolling Interest  Total Shareholders' Equity 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Common Stock  Additional Paid-In Capital  Retained Earnings  
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income
  Noncontrolling Interest  Total Shareholders’ Equity 
                                    
Balance at December 31, 2021 $3,167  $32,780,587  $97,731,347  $10,253,151  $476,555  $141,244,807  $3,167  $32,780,587  $97,731,347  $10,253,151  $476,555  $141,244,807 
Common stock issued during year  18   486,779   0   0   0   486,797   18   486,779   0   0   0   486,797 
Treasury shares acquired  (9)  (267,424)  0   0   0   (267,433)  (15)  (413,316)  0   0   0   (413,331)
Net income attributable to common shareholders  0   0   9,192,323   0   0   9,192,323   0   0   8,427,117   0   0   8,427,117 
Unrealized holding income on securities net of noncontrolling interest and reclassification adjustment and taxes  0   0   0   (7,259,253)  0   (7,259,253)  0   0   0   (12,887,308)  0   (12,887,308)
Contributions  0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0 
Distributions  0   0   0   0   (3)  (3)  0   0   0   0   600   600 
Gain attributable to noncontrolling interest  0   0   0   0   26,714   26,714   0   0   0   0   53,821   53,821 
Balance at March 31, 2022 $3,176  $32,999,942  $106,923,670  $2,993,898  $503,266  $143,423,952 
Balance at June 30, 2022 $3,170  $32,854,050  $106,158,464  $(2,634,157) $530,976  $136,912,503 


See accompanying notes.




UTG, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

 Three Months Ended  Six Months Ended 
 March 31,  March 31,  June 30,  June 30, 
 2023  2022  2023  2022 
Cash flows from operating activities:            
Net income (loss) $(6,911,752) $9,219,037  $(6,803,070) $8,480,938 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:        
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:        
Amortization (accretion) of investments  (92,439)  (48,692)  (81,839)  (6,865)
Realized investment gains (losses), net  (716,300)  (4,780,149)
Realized investment (gains) losses, net  (1,035,610)  (4,859,258)
Change in fair value of equity securities  8,645,474   (8,154,629)  7,185,996   (7,364,291)
Unrealized trading (gains) losses included in income  0   470   0   1,086 
Realized trading (gains) losses included in income  0   2,516   0   12,197 
Amortization of cost of insurance acquired  165,314   172,087   330,639   344,174 
Depreciation and depletion  174,692   327,883   318,475   918,168 
Stock-based compensation  674,390   486,797   674,390   486,797 
Charges for mortality and administration of universal life and annuity products  (1,448,416)  (1,500,108)  (2,869,847)  (2,995,235)
Interest credited to account balances  921,074   948,325   1,835,166   1,891,086 
Change in accrued investment income  310,385   286,260   (86,472)  (13,861)
Change in reinsurance receivables  368,886   (21,913)  149,553   832,213 
Change in policy liabilities and accruals  (1,431,856)  (1,067,549)  (2,426,980)  (2,016,166)
Change in income taxes receivable (payable)  (122,733)  1,049,842   (4,767,718)  66,735 
Change in other assets and liabilities, net  1,459,816   904,101   1,522,196   2,052,502 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities  1,996,535   (2,175,722)  (6,055,121)  (2,169,780)
                
Cash flows from investing activities:                
Proceeds from investments sold and matured:                
Fixed maturities available for sale  20,833   6,021,700   2,045,833   7,628,136 
Equity securities  958,779   2,517,691   4,285,222   2,806,561 
Trading securities  0   9,501   0   17,983 
Mortgage loans  984,587   281,974   1,755,829   961,672 
Real estate  2,046,096   6,573,943   4,365,571   8,794,081 
Notes receivable  66,622   3,844,443   4,338,516   3,921,082 
Policy loans  280,253   275,914   776,616   591,084 
Short-term investments  9,740,815   0   9,740,815   0 
Total proceeds from investments sold and matured  14,097,985   19,525,166   27,308,402   24,720,599 
Cost of investments acquired:                
Fixed maturities available for sale  0   (50,000)  0   (1,112,505)
Equity securities  (1,393,053)  (3,913,832)  (6,292,534)  (6,387,281)
Trading securities  0   (8,311)  0   (32,382)
Mortgage loans  0   (1,546,165)  (217,864)  (1,560,291)
Real estate  (1,375,010)  (1,680,959)  (3,581,370)  (3,271,775)
Notes receivable  (1,478,100)  (2,060,657)  (2,953,241)  (3,910,657)
Policy loans  (208,423)  (207,030)  (486,969)  (523,039)
Short-term investments  (9,701,297)  0   (9,701,297)  0 
Total cost of investments acquired  (14,155,883)  (9,466,954)  (23,233,275)  (16,797,930)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities  (57,898)  10,058,212   4,075,127   7,922,669 
                
Cash flows from financing activities:                
Policyholder contract deposits  1,110,855   1,278,889   2,063,085   2,444,662 
Policyholder contract withdrawals  (956,744)  (1,416,469)  (2,300,206)  (2,522,908)
Proceeds from notes payable/line of credit  0   9,500,000 
Payments of principal on notes payable/line of credit  (19,000,000)  (14,000,000)  (19,000,000)  (26,500,000)
Purchase of treasury stock  (100,228)  (267,433)  (231,580)  (413,331)
Non controlling contributions (distributions) of consolidated subsidiary  0   (3)  0   600 
Net cash used in financing activities  (18,946,117)  (14,405,016)  (19,468,701)  (17,490,977)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents  (17,007,480)  (6,522,526)  (21,448,695)  (11,738,088)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period  45,290,385   30,787,278   45,290,385   30,787,278 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $28,282,905  $24,264,752  $23,841,690  $19,049,190 

See accompanying notes.


UTG, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 (Unaudited)

Note 1 – Basis of Presentation

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31,June 30, 2023, which has been derived from audited consolidated financial statements, and the unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of UTG, Inc. (the “Parent”) and its subsidiaries (collectively with the Parent, the “Company”).  All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.  The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of regulation S-X.  Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for audited annual financial statements.  The information furnished includes all adjustments and accruals of a normal recurring nature, which in the opinion of Management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods.  The unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included herein and these related notes should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements, and the notes thereto, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.  The Company’s results of operations for the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023 or for any other future period.

This document at times will refer to the Registrant’s largest shareholder, Mr. Jesse T. Correll and certain companies controlled by Mr. Correll.  Mr. Correll holds a majority ownership of First Southern Funding, LLC (“FSF”), a Kentucky corporation, and First Southern Bancorp, Inc. (“FSBI”), a financial services holding company.  FSBI operates through its 100% owned subsidiary bank, First Southern National Bank (“FSNB”).  Banking activities are conducted through multiple locations within south-central and western Kentucky.  Mr. Correll is Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors of UTG and is currently UTG’s largest shareholder through his ownership control of FSF, FSBI and affiliates. At March 31,June 30, 2023, Mr. Correll owns or controls directly and indirectly approximately 65.32%65.41% of UTG’s outstanding stock.

UTG’s life insurance subsidiary, Universal Guaranty Life Insurance Company (“UG”), has several wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries.  The subsidiaries were formed to hold certain real estate investments.  The real estate investments were placed into the limited liability companies and partnerships to provide additional protection to the policyholders and to UG.

Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation.

Note 2 – Recently Issued Accounting Standards

During the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2023, there were no additions to or changes in the critical accounting policies disclosed in the 2022 Form 10-K., except for the following:

On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASC 326). This standard replaced the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss methodology that is referred to as the current expected credit loss ("CECL") methodology. CECL requires an estimate of credit losses for the remaining estimated life of the financial asset using historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts and generally applies to financial assets measured at amortized cost, including loan receivables and held-to-maturity debt securities, and some off-balance sheet credit exposure such as unfunded commitments to extend credit. Financial assets measured at amortized cost will be presented at the net amount expected to be collected by using an allowance for credit losses.

The Company adopted ASC 326 and all related subsequent amendments thereto effective January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective approach for all financial assets measured at amortized cost and off-balance sheet credit exposure. The transition adjustment of the adoption of CECL included an increase in the allowance for credit losses on loans of $545,000,$540,000, which is presented as a reduction to net loans outstanding, and an increase in the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments of $30,000,$35,000, which is recorded within other liabilities. The Company recorded a net decrease to retained earnings of $454,250 as of January 1, 2023 for the cumulative effect of adopting CECL, which reflects the transition adjustments noted above, net of the applicable deferred tax assets recorded. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2023 are presented under CECL while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with previously applicable accounting standards ("Incurred Loss").

Note 3 – Investments

Available for Sale Securities – Fixed Maturity Securities

The Company’s insurance subsidiary is regulated by insurance statutes and regulations as to the type of investments they are permitted to make, and the amount of funds that may be used for any one type of investment.

Investments in available for sale securities are summarized as follows:

March 31, 2023 Original or Amortized Cost  Gross Unrealized Gains  Gross Unrealized Losses  Fair Value 
June 30, 2023 Original or Amortized Cost  Gross Unrealized Gains  Gross Unrealized Losses  Fair Value 
Investments available for sale:                        
Fixed maturities                        
U.S. Government and govt. agencies and authorities $18,316,435  $9,960  $(878,737) $17,447,658  $18,316,746  $0  $(1,049,098) $17,267,648 
U.S. special revenue and assessments  7,533,538   0   (252,944)  7,280,594   7,532,039   0   (316,968)  7,215,071 
All other corporate bonds  91,462,911   122,423   (5,173,423)  86,411,911   89,408,672   54,920   (6,606,940)  82,856,652 
 $117,312,884  $132,383  $(6,305,104) $111,140,163  $115,257,457  $54,920  $(7,973,006) $107,339,371 

December 31, 2022 Original or Amortized Cost  Gross Unrealized Gains  Gross Unrealized Losses  Fair Value 
Investments available for sale:            
Fixed maturities            
U.S. Government and govt. agencies and authorities $18,315,321  $0  $(1,104,146) $17,211,175 
U.S. special revenue and assessments  7,535,018   0   (335,918)  7,199,100 
All other corporate bonds  91,429,481   65,529   (7,592,226)  83,902,784 
  $117,279,820  $65,529  $(9,032,290) $108,313,059 

The amortized cost and estimated market value of debt securities at March 31,June 30, 2023, by contractual maturity, is shown below.  Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

Fixed Maturities Available for Sale
March 31, 2023
 Amortized Cost  Fair Value 
Fixed Maturities Available for Sale
June 30, 2023
 Amortized Cost  Fair Value 
Due in one year or less $12,500,225  $12,361,315  $10,499,837  $10,402,435 
Due after one year through five years  42,509,179   41,076,248   51,518,933   49,102,579 
Due after five years through ten years  13,246,696   12,922,869   4,199,090   4,113,718 
Due after ten years  21,973,971   20,274,940   21,933,561   19,661,950 
Fixed maturities with no single maturity date  27,082,813   24,504,791   27,106,036   24,058,689 
Total $117,312,884  $111,140,163  $115,257,457  $107,339,371 

The fair value of investments with sustained gross unrealized losses are as follows:

March 31, 2023 Less than 12 months  
12 months or longer
  Total 
  Fair value  Unrealized losses  Fair value  Unrealized losses  Fair value  Unrealized losses 
U.S. Government and govt. agencies and authorities $2,931,390   (69,182)  13,004,388   (809,555)  15,935,778  $(878,737)
U.S. Special Revenue and Assessments  7,280,594   (252,944)  0   0   7,280,594   (252,944)
All other corporate bonds  54,985,073   (3,345,310)  25,321,763   (1,828,113)  80,306,836   (5,173,423)
Total fixed maturities $65,197,057   (3,667,436)  38,326,151   (2,637,668)  103,523,208  $(6,305,104)


June 30, 2023 Less than 12 months  
12 months or longer
  Total 
  Fair value  Unrealized losses  Fair value  Unrealized losses  Fair value  Unrealized losses 
U.S. Government and govt. agencies and authorities $1,483,470   (17,913)  15,784,178   (1,031,185)  17,267,648  $(1,049,098)
U.S. Special Revenue and Assessments  7,215,071   (316,968)  0   0   7,215,071   (316,968)
All other corporate bonds  48,366,442   (3,624,014)  33,442,210   (2,982,926)  81,808,652   (6,606,940)
Total fixed maturities $57,064,983   (3,958,895)  49,226,388   (4,014,111)  106,291,371  $(7,973,006)

December 31, 2022 Less than 12 months  12 months or longer  Total 
  Fair value  Unrealized losses  Fair value  Unrealized losses  Fair value  Unrealized losses 
U.S. Government and govt. agencies and authorities $17,211,175   (1,104,146)  0   0   17,211,175  $(1,104,146)
U.S. special revenue and assessments  7,199,100   (335,918)  0   0   7,199,100   (335,918)
All other corporate bonds  80,144,564   (7,592,226)  0   0   80,144,564   (7,592,226)
Total fixed maturities $104,554,839   (9,032,290)  0   0   104,554,839  $(9,032,290)

Additional information regarding investments in an unrealized loss position is as follows:

 Less than 12 months  12 months or longer  Total  Less than 12 months  12 months or longer  Total 
As of March 31, 2023
         
As of June 30, 2023
         
Fixed maturities  34   19   53   25   30   55 
As of December 31, 2022                        
Fixed maturities  57   0   57   57   0   57 

Substantially all of the unrealized losses on fixed maturities at March 31,June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are attributable to changes in market interest rates and general disruptions in the credit market subsequent to purchase.  The Company does not currently intend to sell nor does it expect to be required to sell any of the securities in an unrealized loss position.  Based upon the Company’s expected continuation of receipt of contractually required principal and interest payments and its intent and ability to retain the securities until price recovery, as well as the Company’s evaluation of other relevant factors, the Company deems these securities to be temporarily impaired as of  March 31,June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Net Investment Gains (Losses)

The following table presents net investment gains (losses) and the change in net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale investments. 

 Three Months Ended  Three Months Ended  Six Months Ended 
 March 31,  June 30,  June 30, 
 2023  2022  2023  2022  2023  2022 
Realized gains:                  
Sales of fixed maturities $20,833  $4,369  $25,000  $314  $45,833  $4,683 
Sales of equity securities  85,184   385,358   163,290   12,223   248,474   397,581 
Sales of real estate  586,774   4,458,442   138,986   113,398   725,760   4,571,840 
Sales of short-term investments  23,509   0   0   0   23,509   0 
Total realized gains  716,300   4,848,169   327,276   125,935   1,043,576   4,974,104 
Realized losses:                        
Sales of fixed maturities  0   (5,210)  0   (5,210)
Sales of equity securities  0   (68,020)  (7,966)  (41,616)  (7,966)  (109,636)
Total realized losses  0   (68,020)  (7,966)  (46,826)  (7,966)  (114,846)
Net realized investment gains (losses)  716,300   4,780,149   319,310   79,109   1,035,610   4,859,258 
Change in fair value of equity securities:                        
Change in fair value of equity securities held at the end of the period  (8,645,474)  8,154,629   1,459,478   (790,338)  (7,185,996)  7,364,291 
Change in fair value of equity securities  (8,645,474)  8,154,629   1,459,478   (790,338)  (7,185,996)  7,364,291 
Net investment gains (losses) $(7,929,174) $12,934,778  $1,778,788  $(711,229) $(6,150,386) $12,223,549 
Change in net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale investments included in other comprehensive income:                        
Fixed maturities $2,810,499  $(9,184,559) $(1,725,615) $(7,129,016) $1,084,884  $(16,313,575)
Net increase (decrease) $2,810,499  $(9,184,559) $(1,725,615) $(7,129,016) $1,084,884  $(16,313,575)

Other-Than-Temporary Impairments

The Company regularly reviews its investment securities for factors that may indicate that a decline in fair value of an investment is other than temporary.  The factors considered by Management in its regular review to identify and recognize other-than-temporary impairment losses on fixed maturities include, but are not limited to: the length of time and extent to which the fair value has been less than cost; the Company’s intent to sell, or be required to sell, the debt security before the anticipated recovery of its remaining amortized cost basis; the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer; adverse changes in ratings announced by one or more rating agencies; subordinated credit support, whether the issuer of a debt security has remained current on principal and interest payments; current expected cash flows; whether the decline in fair value appears to be issuer specific or, alternatively, a reflection of general market or industry conditions, including the effect of changes in market interest rates.  If the Company intends to sell a debt security, or it is more likely than not that it would be required to sell a debt security before the recovery of its amortized cost basis, the entire difference between the security’s amortized cost basis and its fair value at the balance sheet date would be recognized by a charge to other-than-temporary losses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Management regularly reviews its real estate portfolio in comparison to appraisal valuations and current market conditions for indications of other-than-temporary impairments. If a decline in value is judged by Management to be other-than-temporary, a loss is recognized by a charge to other-than-temporary impairment losses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company did not recognize any other-than-temporary impairments during the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022.

Cost Method Investments

The Company held equity investments with an aggregate cost of $15,683,343 at March 31,June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.  These equity investments were not reported at fair value because it is not practicable to estimate their fair values due to insufficient information being available. Management did not identify any events or changes in circumstances that might have a significant adverse effect on the reported value of those investments.  Based on Management’s evaluation of the expected cash flow of the investments, and the Company’s ability and intent to hold the investments for a reasonable period of time, the Company does not deem an other-than-temporary impairment necessary at March 31,June 30, 2023.

Trading Securities

Securities designated as trading securities are reported at fair value, with gains or losses resulting from changes in fair value recognized in net investment income on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.  Trading Securities included exchange-traded equities and exchange-traded options.  Trading securities carried as liabilities were securities sold short.  A gain, limited to the price at which the security was sold short, or a loss, potentially unlimited in size, will be recognized upon the termination of the short sale. The fair value of derivatives included in trading security assets and trading security liabilities as of March 31,June 30, 2023 was $0. The fair value of derivatives included in trading security assets and trading security liabilities as of December 31, 2022 was $00.$0. Earnings from trading securities are classified in cash flows from operating activities. The derivatives held by the Company are for income generation purposes only.

Trading revenue charged to net investment income from trading securities was:

 Three Months Ended 
  March 31, 
  2023  2022 
Net unrealized gains (losses) $0  $(470)
Net realized gains (losses)  0   (2,516)
Net unrealized and realized gains (losses) $0  $(2,986)
 Three Months Ended 
  June 30, 
  2023  2022 
Net unrealized gains (losses) $0  $(616)
Net realized gains (losses)  0   (9,681)
Net unrealized and realized gains (losses) $0  $(10,297)

 Six Months Ended 
  June 30, 
  2023  2022 
Net unrealized gains (losses) $0  $(1,086)
Net realized gains (losses)  0   (12,197)
Net unrealized and realized gains (losses) $0  $(13,283)

Mortgage Loans

The Company, from time to time, acquires mortgage loans through participation agreements with FSNB.  FSNB has been able to provide the Company with additional expertise and experience in underwriting commercial and residential mortgage loans, which provide more attractive yields than the traditional bond market.  The Company is able to receive participations from FSNB for three primary reasons:  1) FSNB has already reached its maximum lending limit to a single borrower, but the borrower is still considered a suitable risk; 2) the interest rate on a particular loan may be fixed for a long period that is more suitable for UG given its asset-liability structure; and 3) FSNB’s loan growth might at times outpace its deposit growth, resulting in FSNB participating such excess loan growth rather than turning customers away.  For originated loans, the Company’s Management is responsible for the final approval of such loans after evaluation.  Before a new loan is issued, the applicant is subject to certain criteria set forth by Company Management to ensure quality control.  These criteria include, but are not limited to, a credit report, personal financial information such as outstanding debt, sources of income, and personal equity.  Once the loan is approved, the Company directly funds the loan to the borrower.  The Company bears all risk of loss associated with the terms of the mortgage with the borrower.

During the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company acquired $0$217,864 and $1,546,165$1,560,291 in mortgage loans, respectively.  FSNB services the majority of the Company’s mortgage loan portfolio.  The Company pays FSNB a 0.25% servicing fee on these loans and a one-time fee at loan origination of 0.50% of the original loan cost to cover costs incurred by FSNB relating to the processing and establishment of the loan.

During 2023 and 2022, the maximum and minimum lending rates for mortgage loans were:

 2023  2022 
  Maximum rate  Minimum rate  Maximum rate  Minimum rate 
Farm Loans  5.00%  4.50%  5.00%  4.50%
Commercial Loans  7.00%  4.00%  7.00%  4.00%
Residential Loans  5.00%  4.15%  5.00%  4.15%

Most mortgage loans are first position loans.  Loans issued are generally limited to no more than 80% of the appraised value of the property.

The Company has in place a monitoring system to provide Management with information regarding potential troubled loans.  Letters are sent to each mortgagee when the loan becomes 30 days or more delinquent.  Management is provided with a monthly listing of loans that are 60 days or more past due along with a brief description of what steps are being taken to resolve the delinquency.  All loans 90 days or more past due are placed on a non-performing status and classified as delinquent loans.  Quarterly, coinciding with external financial reporting, the Company reviews each delinquent loan and determines how each delinquent loan should be classified.  Management believes the current internal controls surrounding the mortgage loan selection process provide a quality portfolio with minimal risk of foreclosure and/or negative financial impact.

Changes in the current economy could have a negative impact on the loans, including the financial stability of the borrowers, the borrowers’ ability to pay or to refinance, the value of the property held as collateral and the ability to find purchasers at favorable prices.  Interest accruals are analyzed based on the likelihood of repayment.  In no event will interest continue to accrue when accrued interest along with the outstanding principal exceeds the net realizable value of the property.  The Company does not utilize a specified number of days delinquent to cause an automatic non-accrual status.

The following is a summary of the mortgage loans outstanding and the related allowance for credit losses:

 March 31, 2023  December 31, 2022  June 30, 2023  December 31, 2022 
Farm $378,652  $383,278  $356,095  $383,278 
Commercial  29,126,723   30,102,775   28,600,878   30,102,775 
Residential  210,732   212,641   208,756   212,641 
Total mortgage loans  29,716,107   30,698,694   29,165,729   30,698,694 
Less allowance for credit losses  (375,000)  0   (370,000)  0 
Total mortgage loans, net $29,341,107  $30,698,694  $28,795,729  $30,698,694 

There were no past due loans as of March 31,June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Notes Receivable

Notes receivable represent collateral loans and promissory notes issued by the Company and are reported at their unpaid principal balances, adjusted for valuation allowances.  Interest accruals are analyzed based on the likelihood of repayment.  The Company does not utilize a specified number of days delinquent to cause an automatic non-accrual status. During the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022 the Company acquired  $1,478,100$2,953,241 and $2,060,657$3,910,657 of notes receivable, respectively.
 
Before a new note is issued, the applicant is subject to certain criteria set forth by Company Management to ensure quality control.  Once the note is approved, the Company directly funds the note to the borrower. Several of the notes have participation agreements in place, whereas the Company has reduced its investment in the note receivable by participating a portion of the note to a third party.

Similar to the mortgage loans, FSNB services the notes receivable. The Company, and the participants in the notes, share in the risk of loss associated with the terms of the note with the borrower, based upon their ownership percentage in the note.  The Company has in place a monitoring system to provide Management with information regarding potential troubled loans.

The following is a summary of the notes receivable outstanding and the related allowance for credit losses:

 March 31, 2023  December 31, 2022  June 30, 2023  December 31, 2022 
Notes receivable $15,835,605  $14,424,127  $13,038,853  $14,424,127 
Less allowance for credit losses  (170,000)  0   (170,000)  0 
Total notes receivable, net $15,665,605  $14,424,127  $12,868,853  $14,424,127 

Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans

The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the loans' amortized cost basis to present the net amount expected to be collected on the loans. Loans are charged off against the allowance when Management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance is confirmed. Expected recoveries do not exceed the aggregate of amounts previously charged-off and expected to be charged-off.

The allowance for credit losses represents Management's estimate of lifetime credit losses inherent in loans as of the balance sheet date. The allowance for credit losses is estimated by Management using relevant available information, from both internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts.

The Company measured expected credit losses for loans on a pooled basis when similar risk characteristics exist. The Company has identified the following portfolio segments - mortgage loans on real estate and notes receivable.

The allowance for credit losses calculation includes subjective adjustments for qualitative risk factors that are likely to cause estimated credit losses to differ from historical experience. These qualitative adjustments may increase or reduce reserve levels and include adjustments for risk tolerance, loan review and audit results, asset quality and portfolio trends, industry concentrations, external factors and economic conditions.

Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual bases, When Management determines that foreclosure is probable and the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, the expected credit losses are based on the fair value of collateral at the reporting date unadjusted for selling costs as appropriate.

Allowance for Credit Losses - Unfunded Commitments

Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments, such as commitments to make loans and commercial letters of credit issued to meet customer financing needs. The Company's exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for off-balance sheet loan commitments is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded.

The Company records an allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures, unless the commitments to extend credit are unconditionally cancelable, through a charge to provision for unfunded commitments in the Company's income statements. The allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures is estimated by loan segment at each balance sheet date under the current expected credit loss model using the same methodologies as portfolio loans, taking into consideration the likelihood that funding will occur as well a any third-party guarantees. The allowance for unfunded commitments is included in other liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance sheets.

Investment Real Estate

Real estate held-for-investment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed on a straight-line basis for financial reporting purposes using estimated useful lives of 3 to 30 years. The Company periodically reviews its real estate held-for-investment for impairment and tests for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. During the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2023, no impairments were recognized on the investment real estate.

Note 4 - Fair Value Measurements of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements provides further information regarding the fair value of financial instruments that are not measured at fair value. The investment real estate owned by the Company is included in this portion of the Note 4 - Fair Value Measurements disclosure.

The following table provides an allocation of the Company’s investment real estate by type:

 March 31, 2023  December 31, 2022  June 30, 2023  December 31, 2022 
Raw land $10,629,833  $11,634,472  $9,591,143  $11,634,472 
Commercial  5,919,337   5,124,847   7,616,305   5,124,847 
Residential  3,777,470   3,402,502   5,241,486   3,402,502 
Land, minerals and royalty interests  14,348,709   14,772,531   12,108,501   14,772,531 
Total investment real estate $34,675,349  $34,934,352  $34,557,435  $34,934,352 

The Company’s investment real estate portfolio includes ownership in oil and gas royalties. As of March 31,June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, investments in oil and gas royalties represented 41%40% and 42%, respectively, of the total investment real estate portfolio.  See Note 9 – Concentrations of Credit Risk of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the allocation of the oil and gas investment real estate holdings by industry type.

Gains and losses recognized on the disposition of the properties are recorded as realized gains and losses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the threesix months ended  March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company acquired $1,375,010$3,581,370 and $1,680,959$3,271,775 of investment real estate, respectively.

Short-Term Investments

Short-term investments have remaining maturities exceeding three months and under 12 months at the time of purchase and are stated at amortized cost, which approximates fair value. The short-term investments consist of United States Treasury securities.

During 2023 and 2022, the Company acquired $9,701,297 and $0, respectively, in short-term investments.

Note 4 – Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis

Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are measured and classified in accordance with a fair value hierarchy consisting of three levels based on the observability of valuation inputs:

Level 1 – Valuation is based upon quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2 – Valuation methodologies include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or the Company may use various valuation techniques or pricing models that use observable inputs to measure fair value.

Level 3 – Valuation is based upon unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

The following table presents information about assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and indicates the level of the fair value measurement based on the observability of the inputs used:

March 31, 2023
 Level 1  Level 2  Level 3  Net Asset Value  Total 
June 30, 2023
 Level 1  Level 2  Level 3  Net Asset Value  Total 
Financial assets:                              
Fixed maturities available for sale:                              
U.S. Government and government agencies and authorities 
$
17,447,658  
$
0  
$
0  
$
0  
$
17,447,658  
$
17,267,648  
$
0  
$
0  
$
0  
$
17,267,648 
U.S. special revenue and assessments  
0
   
7,280,594
   
0
   
0
   
7,280,594
   
0
   
7,215,071
   
0
   
0
   
7,215,071
 
Corporate securities  0   86,411,911   0   0   86,411,911   0   82,856,652   0   0   82,856,652 
Total fixed maturities  17,447,658   93,692,505   0   0   111,140,163   17,267,648   90,071,723   0   0   107,339,371 
Equity securities:                                        
Common stocks  44,683,111   5,790,825   6,797,520   83,409,214   140,680,670   39,594,979   5,970,665   6,682,899   91,619,968   143,868,511 
Preferred stocks  0   0   1,247,000   0   1,247,000   0   0   1,247,000   0   1,247,000 
Total equity securities  44,683,111   5,790,825   8,044,520   83,409,214   141,927,670   39,594,979   5,970,665   7,929,899   91,619,968   145,115,511 
Total financial assets 
$
62,130,769  
$
99,483,330  
$
8,044,520  
$
83,409,214  
$
253,067,833  
$
56,862,627  
$
96,042,388  
$
7,929,899  
$
91,619,968  
$
252,454,882 
                                        

December 31, 2022
 Level 1  Level 2  Level 3  Net Asset Value  Total 
Financial assets:               
Fixed maturities available for sale:               
U.S. Government and government agencies and authorities 
$
17,211,175  
$
0  
$
0  
$
0  
$
17,211,175 
U.S. special revenue and assessments  
0
   
7,199,100
   
0
   
0
   
7,199,100
 
Corporate securities  0   83,902,784   0   0   83,902,784 
Total fixed maturities  17,211,175   91,101,884   0   0   108,313,059 
Equity securities:                    
Common stocks  45,999,477   6,651,800   6,720,643   89,434,766   148,806,686 
Preferred stocks  0   0   1,247,000   0   1,247,000 
Total equity securities  45,999,477   6,651,800   7,967,643   89,434,766   150,053,686 
Total financial assets 
$
63,210,652  
$
97,753,684  
$
7,967,643  
$
89,434,766  
$
258,366,745 

The following is a description of the valuation techniques used the by Company to measure assets reported at fair value on a recurring basis. There have been no significant changes in the valuation techniques utilized by the Company for the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2023.

Available for Sale Securities

Securities classified as available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Securities classified as Level 1 utilized fair value measurements based upon quoted market prices, when available. If quoted market prices are not available, the Company obtains fair value measurements from recently executed transactions, market price quotations, benchmark yields and issuer spreads to value Level 2 securities. In certain instances where Level 1 or Level 2 inputs are not available, securities are classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy. Fair value determinations for Level 3 measurements are estimated on a quarterly basis where assumptions used are reviewed to ensure the estimated fair value complies with accounting standard generally accepted in the United States.

Equity Securities at Fair Value

Equity securities consist of common stocks mainly in private equity investments, financial institutions and publicly traded corporations. Equity securities for which there is sufficient market data are categorized as Level 1 or 2 in the fair value hierarchy.  For the equity securities in which quoted market prices are not available, the Company uses industry standard pricing methodologies, including discounted cash flow models that may incorporate various inputs such as payment expectations, risk of the investment, market data, and health of the underlying company. The inputs are based upon Management’s assumptions and available market information. When evidence is believed to support a change to the carrying value from the transaction price, adjustments are made to reflect the expected cash flows, material events and market data. These investments are included in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Equity Securities at Net Asset Value

Certain equity securities carried at fair value, which do not have readily determinable fair values, use net asset value (“NAV”) and are excluded from the fair value hierarchy. These investments are generally not readily redeemable by the investee. See Note 7 – Commitments and Contingencies for additional information regarding unfunded commitments.

Trading Securities

Trading securities are recorded at fair value. They are classified as Level 1 and utilize fair value measurements based upon quoted market prices.

Change in Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The following table presents the changes in Level 3 equity securities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and equity securities measured at net asset value, and the realized and unrealized gains (losses) related to the equity securities.

 Equity Securities at Fair Value  Equity Securities at Net Asset Value  Total  Equity Securities at Fair Value  Equity Securities at Net Asset Value  Total 
Balance at December 31, 2022 $7,967,643  $89,434,766  $97,402,409  $7,967,643  $89,434,766  $97,402,409 
Realized gains (losses)  0   0   0   0   95,606   95,606 
Unrealized gains (losses)  160,002   (6,569,526)  (6,409,524)  (131,807)  (2,359,950)  (2,491,757)
Purchases  0   632,745   632,745   177,188   4,633,923   4,811,111 
Sales  (83,125)  (88,771)  (171,896)  (83,125)  (184,377)  (267,502)
Balance at March 31, 2023 $8,044,520  $83,409,214  $91,453,734 
Balance at June 30, 2023 $7,929,899  $91,619,968  $99,549,867 

Both observable and unobservable inputs may be used to determine the fair values of positions classified in Level 3 in the tables above. As a result, the unrealized gains (losses) on instruments held at March 31,June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 may include changes in fair value that were attributable to both observable and unobservable inputs.

Quantitative Information About Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

The following table presents information about the significant unobservable inputs used for recurring fair value measurements for certain Level 3 instruments, and include only those instruments for which information about the inputs is reasonably available to the Company, such as data from independent third-party valuation service providers and from internal valuation models.

Financial Assets
 
Fair Value at
March 31, 2023
  
Fair Value at
December 31, 2022
 
 
Valuation Technique
 
Fair Value at
June 30, 2023
  
Fair Value at
December 31, 2022
 
 
Valuation Technique
Equities
 
$
83,409,214
  
$
89,434,766
 
Net Asset Value
 
$
91,619,968
  
$
89,434,766
 
Net Asset Value
Equities
  
8,044,520
   
7,967,643
 
Pricing Model
  
7,929,899
   
7,967,643
 
Pricing Model
Total
 
$
91,453,734
  
$
97,402,409
   
$
99,549,867
  
$
97,402,409
  

Uncertainty of Fair Value Measurements

The significant unobservable inputs used in the determination of the fair value of assets classified as Level 3 have an inherent measurement uncertainty that if changed could result in higher or lower fair value measurements of these assets as of the reporting date.

Equity Securities at Fair Value

Fair market value for equity securities is derived based on unobservable inputs, such as projected normalized revenues and industry standard multiples of revenue for the equity securities valued using pricing model.  Significant increases (decreases) in either of those inputs in isolation would result in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement.

Investments in Certain Entities Carried at Fair Value Using Net Asset Value per Share

Investment Company
 
Fair Value at March 31, 2023
  
Unfunded Commitments
  
Redemption Frequency
  
Redemption Notice Period
  
Fair Value at June 30, 2023
  
Unfunded Commitments
  
Redemption Frequency
  
Redemption Notice Period
 
Common Stocks
                        
Growth Equity
                        
Redeemable
 
$
36,743,972
  
$
0
  
Quarterly
  
45 days
  
$
34,359,388
  
$
0
  
Quarterly
  
45 days
 
Non-Redeemable
  
46,665,242
   
7,154,915
   
n/a
   
n/a
   
57,260,580
   
6,671,131
   
n/a
   
n/a
 
Total
 
$
83,409,214
  
$
7,154,915
          
$
91,619,968
  
$
6,671,131
         

Investment Company
 
Fair Value at December 31, 2022
  
Unfunded Commitments
  
Redemption Frequency
  
Redemption Notice Period
 
Common Stocks
            
  Growth Equity
            
    Redeemable
 
$
43,724,562
  
$
0
  
Quarterly
  
45 days
 
    Non-Redeemable
  
45,710,204
   
7,779,867
   
n/a
   
n/a
 
  Total
 
$
89,434,766
  
$
7,779,867
         

Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis

Certain assets are not carried at fair value on a recurring basis. Accordingly, such investments are only included in the fair value hierarchy disclosure when the investment is subject to re-measurement at fair value after initial recognition and the resulting re-measurement is reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company did not recognize any re-measurements or impairments of financial instruments at March 31,June 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022.

Fair Value Information About Financial Instruments Not Measured at Fair Value

Certain assets are not carried at fair value on a recurring basis. Accordingly, such investments are only included in the fair value hierarchy disclosure when the investment is subject to re-measurement at fair value after initial recognition and the resulting re-measurement is reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

The following table presents the carrying amount and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments not measured at fair value and indicates the level in the fair value hierarchy of the estimated fair value measurement based on the observability of the inputs used:

 Carrying  Estimated           Carrying  Estimated          
March 31, 2023 Amount  Fair Value  Level 1  Level 2  Level 3 
June 30, 2023 Amount  Fair Value  Level 1  Level 2  Level 3 
Assets                              
Preferred stock, at cost $15,683,343   15,683,343   0   0   15,683,343  $15,683,343   15,683,343   0   0   15,683,343 
Mortgage loans on real estate  29,341,107   28,144,052   0   0   28,144,052   28,795,729   27,364,982   0   0   27,364,982 
Investment real estate  34,675,349   83,589,276   0   0   83,589,276   34,557,435   86,214,616   0   0   86,214,616 
Notes receivable  15,665,605   16,047,705   0   0   16,047,705   12,868,853   13,068,961   0   0   13,068,961 
Policy loans  6,495,606   6,495,606   0   0   6,495,606   6,277,787   6,277,787   0   0   6,277,787 
Liabilities                    
Notes payable  0   0   0   0   0 

 Carrying  Estimated          
December 31, 2022 Amount  Fair Value  Level 1  Level 2  Level 3 
Assets               
Preferred stock, at cost $15,683,343   15,683,343   0   0   15,683,343 
Mortgage loans on real estate  30,698,694   29,735,873   0   0   46,906,538 
Investment real estate  34,934,352   92,425,241   0   0   92,425,241 
Notes receivable  14,424,127   14,812,523   0   0   14,812,523 
Policy loans  6,567,434   6,567,434   0   0   6,567,434 
Liabilities                    
Notes payable  19,000,000   19,000,000   0   19,000,000   0 

The above estimated fair value amounts have been determined based upon the following valuation methodologies. Considerable judgment was required to interpret market data in order to develop these estimates. Accordingly, the estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts which could be realized in a current market exchange.  The use of different market assumptions or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the fair value amounts.

The fair values of mortgage loans on real estate are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses and interest rates being offered for similar loans to borrowers with similar credit ratings.  The inputs used to measure the fair value of our mortgage loans on real estate are classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.

Investment real estate is recorded at the lower of the net investment in the real estate or the fair value of the real estate less costs to sell.  The determination of fair value assessments are performed on a periodic, non-recurring basis by external appraisal and assessment of property values by Management.  The inputs used to measure the fair value of our investment real estate are classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.

The fair values of notes receivable are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses and interest rates being offered for similar loans to borrowers with similar credit ratings. The inputs used to measure the fair value of the notes receivable are classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.

Policy loans are carried at the aggregate unpaid principal balances in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets which approximate fair value, and earn interest at rates ranging from 4% to 8%. Individual policy liabilities in all cases equal or exceed outstanding policy loan balances.  The inputs used to measure the fair value of our policy loans are classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.

The carrying value for notes payable is a reasonable estimate of fair value subject to floating rates of interest.  The fair value of notes payable with fixed rate borrowings is determined based on the borrowing rates currently available to the Company for loans with similar terms and average maturities.  The inputs used to measure the fair value of our notes payable are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy.

Note 5 – Credit Arrangements

Instrument Issue Date Maturity Date 
Revolving
Credit Limit
 December 31, 2022 Borrowings Repayments March 31, 2023 Issue Date Maturity Date 
Revolving
Credit Limit
 December 31, 2022 Borrowings Repayments June 30, 2023
Lines of Credit:                                
UTG 11/20/2013 11/20/2023 $8,000,000  0 0 0 $0 11/20/2013 11/20/2023 $8,000,000$ 0$0$0 $0
UG - CMA 10/21/2021 10/6/2023  25,000,000  19,000,000 0 19,000,000  0 10/21/2021 10/6/2023  25,000,000  19,000,000 0 19,000,000  0

The UTG line of credit carries interest at a fixed rate of 6.500% and is payable monthly. As collateral, UTG has pledged 100% of the  common voting stock of its wholly owned subsidiary, Universal Guaranty Life Insurance Company.

During October of 2022, the Federal Home Loan Bank approved UG’s Cash Management Advance Application (“CMA”). The CMA gives the Company the option of selecting a variable rate of interest for up to 90 days or a fixed rate for a maximum of 30 days. The variable rate CMA is prepayable at any time without a fee, while the fixed CMA is not prepayable prior to maturity. The Company has pledged bonds with a collateral lendable value of $19,995,060.$19,764,548. During the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company borrowed $19 million and planned to utilize the funds for investing activities. During the first quarter of 2023, the Company repaid the entire outstanding principal balance.

Note 6 – Shareholders’ Equity

Stock Repurchase Program – The Board of Directors of UTG has authorized the repurchase in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions of UTG’s common stock.  At a meeting of the Board of Directors in March of 2022, the Board of Directors of UTG authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $2 million of UTG’s common stock, for a total  repurchase of up to $22 million of UTG’s common stock in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. Company Management has broad authority to operate the program, including the discretion of whether to purchase shares and the ability to suspend or terminate the program. Open market purchases are made based on the last available market price but may be limited.  During the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2023, the Company repurchased 4,0128,685 shares through the stock repurchase program for $100,228231,580. Through March 31,June 30, 2023, UTG has spent $19,409,66519,541,017 in the acquisition of 1,330,2251,334,898 shares under this program.

During 2023, the Company issued 26,911 shares of stock to management and employees as compensation at a cost of $674,390. These awards are determined at the discretion of the Board of Directors.

Earnings Per Share Calculations

Earnings per share are based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period.  For the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022, diluted earnings per share were the same as basic earnings per share since the Company had no dilutive instruments outstanding.

Note 7 – Commitments and Contingencies

The insurance industry has experienced a number of civil jury verdicts which have been returned against life and health insurers in the jurisdictions in which the Company does business involving the insurers’ sales practices, alleged agent misconduct, failure to properly supervise agents, and other matters.  Some of the lawsuits have resulted in the award of substantial judgments against the insurer, including material amounts of punitive damages.  In some states, juries have substantial discretion in awarding punitive damages in these circumstances.  In the normal course of business, the Company is involved from time to time in various legal actions and other state and federal proceedings.  Management is of the opinion that the ultimate disposition of the matters will not have a materially adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial position.

Under the insurance guaranty fund laws in most states, insurance companies doing business in a participating state can be assessed up to prescribed limits for policyholder losses incurred by insolvent or failed insurance companies.  Although the Company cannot predict the amount of any future assessments, most insurance guaranty fund laws currently provide that an assessment may be excused or deferred if it would threaten an insurer’s financial strength.  Mandatory assessments may be partially recovered through a reduction in future premium tax in some states. The Company does not believe such assessments will be materially different from amounts already provided for in the condensed consolidated financial statements, though the Company has no control over such assessments.

The following table represents the total funding commitments and the unfunded commitment as of March 31,June 30, 2023 related to certain investments:

 
Total Funding
Commitment
  
Unfunded
Commitment
  
Total Funding
Commitment
  
Unfunded
Commitment
 
RLF III, LLC $4,000,000  $398,120  $4,000,000  $398,120 
Sovereign’s Capital, LP Fund I  500,000   13,000   500,000   13,000 
Sovereign's Capital, LP Fund II  1,000,000   76,732   1,000,000   76,732 
Sovereign's Capital, LP Fund III  3,000,000   505,453   3,000,000   505,453 
Garden City Companies, LLC  2,000,000   1,070,546   2,000,000   1,070,546 
Carrizo Springs Music, LLC  5,000,000   189,711   5,000,000   189,711 
Legacy Venture X, LLC  3,000,000   1,620,000   3,000,000   1,500,000 
QCC Investment Co., LLC  1,500,000   150,000   1,500,000   150,000 
Sovereign's Capital Evergreen Fund I, LLC  3,000,000   4,062   3,000,000   4,062 
PBEX, LLC  2,000,000   49,343 
Sovereign's Capital Lower Middle Market Fund II, LP  3,000,000   1,695,779   3,000,000   1,555,338 
Elisha's Properties, LLC  1,096,750   491,823   1,096,750   491,823 
Granite Shoals Music, LLC  6,500,000   5,633,332   6,500,000   5,633,332 
Legacy Venture XI, LLC  2,000,000   1,920,000   2,000,000   1,920,000 
SFR X Holdings, LLC  1,550,000   1,550,000 

During 2006, the Company committed to invest in RLF III, LLC (“RLF”), which makes land-based investments in undervalued assets. RLF makes capital calls as funds are needed for continued land purchases.

During 2012, the Company committed to invest in Sovereign’s Capital, LP Fund I (“Sovereign’s”), which invests in companies in emerging markets. Sovereign’s makes capital calls to investors as funds are needed.

During 2015, the Company committed to invest in Sovereign’s Capital, LP Fund II (“Sovereign’s II”), which invests in companies in emerging markets. Sovereign’s II makes capital calls to investors as funds are needed.

During 2018, the Company committed to invest in Sovereign’s Capital, LP Fund III (“Sovereign’s III”), which invests in companies in emerging markets. Sovereign’s III makes capital calls to investors as funds are needed.

During 2020, the Company committed to invest in Garden City Companies, LLC (“Garden City”), which invests primarily in companies in the health care, inspection/testing services and maintenance service arena. Garden City makes capital calls to investors as funds are needed.

During 2020, the Company committed to invest in Carrizo Springs Music, LLC (“Carrizo”), which invests in music royalties.  Carrizo makes capital calls to its investors as funds are needed to acquire the royalty rights.

During 2020, the Company committed to invest in Legacy Venture X, LLC (“Legacy Venture X”), which is a fund of funds. Legacy Venture X makes capital calls to its investors as funds are needed.

During 2021, the Company committed to invest in QCC Investment Co., LLC (“QCC”). The funds are being utilized to purchase a manufacturing entity. QCC makes capital calls to its investors as funds are needed.

During 2021, the Company committed to invest in Sovereign's Capital Evergreen Fund I, LLC ("Evergreen"), which invests in companies in emerging markets. Evergreen makes capital calls to investors as funds are needed.

During 2022, the Company committed to fund a collateral loan for PBEX, LLC (“PBEX"). PBEX makes draw requests on the loan as funds are needed to fund the operating needs of the Company.

During 2022, the Company committed to invest in Sovereign's Capital Lower Middle Market Fund II, LP ("Sovereign's LMM"), which invests in companies in emerging markets. Sovereign's LMM makes capital calls to investors as funds are needed.

During 2022, the Company committed to invest in Elisha's Properties, LLC ("Elisha's"), which investment in real estate properties. Elisha's makes capital calls as funds are needed.

During 2022, the Company committed to invest in Granite Shoals Music, LLC (“Granite”), which invests in music royalties.  Granite makes capital calls to its investors as funds are needed to acquire the royalty rights.

During 2022, the Company committed to invest in Legacy Venture XI, LLC (“Legacy Venture XI”), which is a fund of funds. Legacy Venture XI makes capital calls to its investors as funds are needed.

During 2022, the Company issued a letter of credit to SFR X Holdings, LLC ("SFR"). SFR will make draw requests on the loan as funds are needed to meet the operational needs of the LLC.

Note 8 – Other Cash Flow Disclosures


On a cash basis, the Company paid the following expenses:

 Three Months Ended Three Months Ended 
 March 31, June 30, 
 2023  2022 2023 2022 
Interest $41,916  $11,809  $2,898  $18,387 
Federal income tax  0   0   5,060,000   0 

Six Months Ended 
 June 30, 
 2023 2022 
Interest $44,814  $30,196 
Federal income tax  5,060,000   1,000,000 

Note 9 – Concentrations of Credit Risk

The Company maintains cash balances in financial institutions that at times may exceed federally insured limits.  The Company maintains its primary operating cash accounts with First Southern National Bank, an affiliate of the largest shareholder of UTG, Mr. Jesse Correll, the Company’s CEO and Chairman.  The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents.

Because UTG serves primarily individuals located in three states, the ability of our customers to pay their insurance premiums is impacted by the economic conditions in these areas.  As of March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022, approximately 50% and 46%47%, respectively, of the Company’s total direct premium was collected from Illinois, Ohio, and Texas. Thus, results of operations are heavily dependent upon the strength of these economies.

The Company reinsures that portion of insurance risk which is in excess of its retention limits. Retention limits range up to $125,000 per life.  Life insurance ceded represented 21%22% and 20% of total life insurance in force at March 31,June 30, 2023 and  December 31, 2022, respectively.  Insurance ceded represented 29%34% and 38%39% of premium income for the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company would be liable for the reinsured risks ceded to other companies to the extent that such reinsuring companies are unable to meet their obligations.

The Company owns a variety of investments associated with the oil and gas industry. These investments represent approximately 26%27% and 31% of the Company’s total invested assets as of March 31,June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The following table provides an allocation of the oil and gas investments by type.

March 31, 2023 
Land, Minerals &
Royalty Interests
  Exploration  Total 
June 30, 2023 
Land, Minerals &
Royalty Interests
  Exploration  Total 
Fixed maturities, at fair value $0  $1,077,350  $1,077,350  $0  $1,059,650  $1,059,650 
Equity securities, at fair value  83,769,653   0   83,769,653   77,996,181   0   77,996,181 
Investment real estate  14,348,714   0   14,348,714   13,841,426   0   13,841,426 
Notes receivable  1,950,859   0   1,950,859   2,000,000   0   2,000,000 
Total $100,069,226  $1,077,350  $101,146,576  $93,837,607  $1,059,650  $94,897,257 

December 31, 2022 
Land, Minerals &
Royalty Interests
  Exploration  Total 
Fixed maturities, at fair value $0  $1,060,710  $1,060,710 
Equity securities, at fair value  93,811,806   0   93,811,806 
Investment real estate  14,772,536   0   14,772,536 
Notes receivable  1,950,657   0   1,950,657 
Total $110,534,999  $1,060,710  $111,595,709 

At March 31,June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company owned two equity securities that represented approximately 45%43% and 50%, respectively, of the total investments associated with the oil and gas industry.

The Company’s results of operations and financial condition have in the past been, and may in the future be, adversely affected by the degree of certain industry specific concentrations in the Company’s investment portfolio. The Company has significant exposure to investments associated with the oil and gas industry. Events or developments that have a negative effect on the oil and gas industry may adversely affect the valuation of our investments in this specific industry. The Company’s ability to sell its investments associated with the oil and gas industry may be limited.



Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is Management's discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations of UTG, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively with the Parent, the "Company").  The following discussion of the financial condition and results of operations of the Company should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company and the related Notes thereto appearing in the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this quarterly report.

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This report on Form 10-Q contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which are intended to be covered by the safe harbors created by those laws. We have based our forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. Our forward-looking statements include information about possible or assumed future results of operations. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included or incorporated by reference in this report that address activities, events or developments that we expect or anticipate may occur in the future, including such things as the growth of our business and operations, our business strategy, competitive strengths, goals, plans, future capital expenditures and references to future successes may be considered forward-looking statements. Also, when we use words such as "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "plan," "probably,"“anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “probably,” or similar expressions, we are making forward-looking statements.

Numerous risks and uncertainties may impact the matters addressed by our forward-looking statements, any of which could negatively and materially affect our future financial results and performance.

Although we believe that the assumptions underlying our forward-looking statements are reasonable, any of these assumptions, and, therefore, the forward-looking statements based on these assumptions, could themselves prove to be inaccurate. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements that are included in this report, our inclusion of this information is not a representation by us or any other person that our objectives and plans will be achieved. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, any forward-looking event discussed in this report may not occur.  Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made, and we undertake no obligation to update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or other developments, unless the securities laws require us to do so.

Overview

UTG, Inc., a Delaware corporation, is a life insurance holding company.  The Company'sCompany’s dominant business is individual life insurance, which includes the servicing of existing insurance policies in force,in-force, the acquisition of other companies in the life insurance business, the acquisition of blocks of business and the administration and processing of life insurance business for other entities.  The Company's focus for the future includes growing the administrative portion of the business.

UTG has a strong philanthropic program.  The Company generally allocates a portion of its earnings to be used for its philanthropic efforts primarily targeted to Christ-centered organizations or organizations that help the weak or poor.  The Company also encourages its staff to be involved on a personal level through monetary giving, volunteerism and use of their talents to assist those less fortunate than themselves.  Through these efforts, the Company hopes to make a positive difference in the local community, state, nation and world.

On February 21, 2023 Mr. James Rousey submitted a letter of resignation stating his desire to retire. In this regard, he retired as President of UTG, Inc. and its subsidiary, Universal Guaranty Life Insurance Company as well as his position as a Director of both entities. This was effective as of the date of the letter. The Board of Directors of UTG, Inc. and Universal Guaranty Life Insurance Company formally accepted the resignation letter on February 22, 2023. Mr. Jesse Correll, CEO and Chairman of the Board of the companies, will assumeassumed the title of President initially.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and related disclosures. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.  The Company has identified certain estimates that involve a higher degree of judgment and are subject to a significant degree of variability.  The Company's critical accounting policies and the related estimates considered most significant by Management are disclosed in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year endedDecember 31, 2022.  2022.  Management has identified the accounting policies related to cost of insurance acquired, assumptions and judgments utilized in determining if declines in fair values of investments are other-than-temporary, and valuation methods for investments that are not actively traded as those, due to the judgments, estimates and assumptions inherent in those policies, are critical to an understanding of the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and this Management's Discussion and Analysis.


During the three-monthssix-months ended March 31, June 30,2023, there were no additions to or changes in the critical accounting policies disclosed in the 2022 Form 10-K, except for the January 1, 2023 adoption of ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASC 326). See Note 2 – Recently Adopted Accounting Principles for further information regarding the adoption of ASU No. 2016-13.


Results of Operations

On a consolidated basis, the Company reported a net loss attributable to common shareholders of approximately $(6.9) million for the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2023, and net income attributable to commonscommon shareholders of approximately $9.2$80,000 for the three-month period ended June 30, 2023.

For the six-month period ended June 30, 2022, the Company reported net income attributable to common shareholders of approximately $8.4 million and a net loss attributable to common shareholders of approximately $(0.8) million for the three-month period ended March 31, 2022, respectively.June 30, 2022.


Revenues

For the three-monthsix-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2023, the Company reported total revenues of approximately $(3)$3.3 million and for the same period in 2022 total revenues of approximately $19$24.2 million. The Company reported total revenues of approximately $6.4 million and $5.3 million for the three-month period ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The variance in total revenue between periodssecond quarter 2022 and 2023 results, and the year-to-date results, is primarily the result of the change in the fair value of equity securities. The Company reported a decreaseyear-to-date 2023 loss in the change in the fair value of equity securities. securities of approximately $(7.2) million and a second quarter 2023 gain of approximately $1.5 million. Based upon the rebound in the second quarter, it appears the markets may be stabilizing.

This line item is material to the results reported in the consolidated statementsCondensed Consolidated Statements of operations. ThisOperations, and this line item can also be extremely volatile, reflectingas it reflects changes in the stock market. While these results can be material and volatile, most of the equity holdings of the Company were acquired with a long-term view, thus making these intermediate changes in value of less concern to Management. Management monitors its equity holdings looking more at the specific entity and market it is in relative to performance and less to changes due to general market swings that occur over the holding period of the investment.

Subsequent to the current reporting period, in early August 2023, the Company closed on the sale of a parcel of real estate. As a result of this sale, the Company will report a gain of approximately $7.0 million before taxes. This gain will be included in the financial results of the September 30, 2023 Form 10-Q filing.

The Company reported revenue before net investment gains (losses) of approximately $4.9$9.5 million and $12.0 million for the six-month-period ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company reported $4.6 million and $6.0 million, for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, respectively. Revenuerespectively, of revenue before net investment gains (losses) decreased primarily duefor the second quarter of 2023 and 2022, respectively. The decline in the 2023 results, when compared to 2022, are the result of a decreasedecline in net investment income when comparing current yearin the second quarter and prior year results.

Premium and policy fee revenues, net of reinsurance, increased 2% for the three-months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022.  In general, this line item is expected to decline slightly from period to period as policies in force continue to decline.  In the current quarter, the direct premiums (premiums paid by the policyholder to the Company) did decline slightly as expected.  The ceded reinsurance premiums (premiums the Company pays to other insurers to limit risk exposure) declined at a greater rate than the direct premiums decline.  The Company writes minimal new business.  Unless the Company acquires a new company or a block of in-force business, Management expects premium revenue to continue to decline on the existing block of business at a rate consistent with prior experience.  Premium and policy fee revenues, net of reinsurance, was reported at approximately $1,539,000 and $1,507,000 for the three-months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022.year-to-date.

The following table summarizes the Company'sour investment performance.

Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
 Three Months Ended March 31, June 30, June 30,
 2023  2022 2023 2022 2023 2022
Net investment income $3,318,165  $4,459,368 $3,243,796 $4,440,186 $6,561,961 $8,899,554
Net investment gains (losses) $716,300  $4,780,149 $319,310 $79,109 $1,035,610 $4,859,258
Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses)
on available-for-sale securities, pre-tax
 $(8,645,474) $8,154,629 
Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses) on equity securities, pre-tax$1,459,478 $(790,338) $(7,185,996) $7,364,291

The following table reflects net investment income of the Company:

 Three Months Ended  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 March 31,  2023 2022 2023 2022
 2023  2022         
Fixed maturities available for sale $1,014,590  $1,066,980 $1,005,668$1,032,842$2,020,258$2,099,822
Equity securities  416,188   383,208  282,473 954,825 698,661 1,338,033
Trading securities  0   (2,986) 0 (10,297) 0 (13,283)
Mortgage loans  338,409   288,218  336,042 311,574 674,451 599,792
Real estate  2,199,704   3,193,085  1,895,774 2,985,660 4,095,478 6,178,745
Notes receivable  445,318   256,562  287,660 129,086 732,978 385,648
Policy loans  107,363   106,723  116,853 141,477 224,216 248,200
Short-term investments  57,376   0  41,827 0 99,203 0
Cash and cash equivalents  157,873   712 
Total consolidated investment income  4,736,821   5,292,502  4,174,963 5,554,389 8,911,784 10,846,891
Investment expenses  (1,418,656)  (833,134) (931,167) (1,114,203) (2,349,823) (1,947,337)
Consolidated net investment income $3,318,165  $4,459,368 $3,243,796$4,440,186$6,561,961$8,899,554

Net investment income represented 68%69% and 74% of the Company's revenue before net investment gains (losses) as of March 31,June 30, 2023 and March 31,2022, respectively. For the second quarter ended June 30, net investment income represented 71% and 74% of revenue before net investment gains (losses) for 2023 and 2022, respectively.  When comparing current and prior year results, net investment income was comparable in a majority of the investment categories outside of the real estate, notes receivable, and cash & short-term investment portfolios.  Investment income earned by the real estate investment portfolio for the three months ended March 31, 2022, was materially higher than the current period due to distributions from specific real estate investments, primarily related to the oil & gas & timber industries. Investment income earned by the cash & short-term portfolios were significantly higher this year when compared to prior year due to an increase in interest rates available on cash balances in the marketplace. Investment income earned by the fixed maturities, equity securities and real estate  investment portfolios represented approximately 77% and 88% of the total consolidated investment income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.portfolios.

Since the start of 2022, we have seen more volatility in the U.S. markets in general and have seen an increase in bonds yields. This is due to the Federal Open Market Committee (“FOMC”) aggressively raising interest rates to fight the inflation that is currently being experienced. TheAs of June 30, 2023, the interest rate environment experienced teneleven rate increases totaling 5%5.15% over the last 12 months.1.5 years. While these actions had a negative impact on some of our investments that we currently own, this will also allow for better yields on future investments acquired as current investments mature.

When comparing earnings from the fixed maturities portfolio for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 income was down approximately 5% or $52,000.  This decrease can be primarily attributed to the maturity of holdings that were not replaced within the portfolio. Fixed maturities continue to represent one of the largest investment types and asset classes owned by the Company. As of March 31, 2023 and 2022, fixed maturities represented 31% and 34%, respectively, of the total investments owned by the Company.

Earnings from the equity securities investment portfolio represented approximately 9%8% and 7% of the total consolidated investment income report by the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.  Income from the equity securities portfolio was up approximately 9% or $33,000 when comparing 2023 and 2022 results.  This increase is primarily due to a dividend increase by a specific dividend paying security during 2023.

The earnings reported by the cash & short-term investment portfolio represented 4%12% of the total consolidated investment income reported by the Company during the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.  EarningsIncome from the cash & short-termequity securities portfolio was down approximately 48% or $639,000 when comparing year to date 2023 and 2022 results.  Second quarter 2023 and 2022 earnings from equity securities represented approximately 7% and 17%, respectively, of the total investment portfolios areincome reported by the Company. Income from the equity securities portfolio was down approximately 70% when comparing second quarter 2023 and 2022 results.

The 2022 investment income from equity securities was exceptionally high, and the result of banksdividends from oil and other deposit institutions increasing interest rates on deposits.gas equity securities. When comparing historical earnings, the 2023 earnings from the equity securities portfolio are more comparable to the second quarter and year to date results for 2021.

The earnings reported by the real estate investment portfolio represented 46% and 60%57% of the total consolidated investment income reported by the Company during the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Earnings from the real estate investment portfolio were down approximately 31% or $993,000$2.1 million when comparing year to date 2023 and 2022 results. The earningsEarnings reported by the real estate investment portfolio represented 45% and 54% of the total consolidated investment income for the second quarter 2023 and 2022, respectively, and is down approximately $1.1 million in the current year.

Earnings from the real estate investment portfolio are primarily related to the oil and gas and timber industries. In 2022, we experienced the reopening of the world economies post-COVID, and the demand for oil and gas and other commodities substantially increased, which resulted in increases in prices in the marketplace. Add to this the Russian invasion of Ukraine, and more upward pricing pressure was felt. In 2022, oil averaged $107 per barrel compared to an average price of $75 in 2023. Earnings from the real estate investment portfolio are expected to vary depending on the real estate activities and the potential distributions that may occur. The decrease in income is mainly attributable to timber sales, in 2022 the Company received $1 million in income as compared to $0 in the current year.

The earnings reported by the mortgage loan investment portfolio represented 7% and 5% of the total consolidated investment income reported by the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Earnings from the mortgage loan investment portfolio were up approximately 17% or $50,000 when comparing 2023 and 2022 results. The earnings from the mortgage loan portfolio have increased due to the Company issuing new loans at higher interest rates. The mortgage loan investment portfolio’s average interest rate was approximately 5.1% and 4.9% during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The following table reflects net realized investment gains (losses) for the three months ended March 31::

 Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
 June 30, June 30,
 2022  2021  2023 2022 2023 2022
Fixed maturities available for sale $20,833  $4,369  25,000 (4,896) 45,833 (527)
Equity securities  85,184   317,338  155,324 (29,393) 240,508 287,945
Real estate  586,774   4,458,442  138,986 113,398 725,760 4,571,840
Short-term investments  23,509   0  0 0 23,509 0
Consolidated net realized investment gains  716,300   4,780,149  319,310 79,109 1,035,610 4,859,258
Change in fair value of equity securities  (8,645,474)  8,154,629  1,459,478 (790,338) (7,185,996) 7,364,291
Net investment gains (losses) $(7,929,174) $12,934,778 
$1,778,788$(711,229)$(6,150,386)$12,223,549

Realized investment gains are the result of one-time events and are expected to vary from year to year.

The sale of onethree equity securitysecurities represents allapproximately $248,000 of the realized investment gains from equity securities during 2023 and 2022. The equity2023. In 2022, the Company sold one security sold in 2022 was much larger thanthat represented a majority of the one sold in 2023.gain reported.

TheDuring 2023, the Company sold several smaller real estate land parcels located in Kentucky, and produced realized gains areof approximately $760,000. During 2022, the result of the sales ofCompany sold a real estate in Kentucky. The sale of a land parcel in Kentucky that produced a gain of approximately $480,000 and represented approximately 82% of the net investment gains from real estate. The Company also sold a few additional smaller properties that produced gains of approximately $107,000 in gains. When compared to 2022, 2023’s real estate gains are much smaller. This is mainly due to the sale of a Kentucky land parcel producing a gain of approximately $3.5 million in 2022.

The sales of short-term bonds represent all the realized investment gains from short-term investments during 2023.million.

The Company reported a year-to-date 2023 loss in the change in the fair value of equity securities of approximately $(8.6)$(7.2) million and $8.2a second quarter 2023 gain of approximately $1.5 million. For the six month period ended June 30, 2022, the Company reported a gain of approximately $7.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022, respectively. a second quarter loss of approximately $(790,000).

This line item is material to the results reported in the consolidated statementsCondensed Consolidated Statements of operations. ThisOperations, and this line item can also be extremely volatile, reflectingas it reflects changes in the stock market. While these results can be material and volatile, most of the equity holdings of the Company were acquired with a long-term view, thus making these intermediate changes in value of less concern to Management. Management monitors its equity holdings looking more at the specific entity and market it is in relative to performance and less to changes due to general market swings that occur over the holding period of the investment.

TheYear to date, the Company has seen negative results onin its equity investmentsinvestments. However, in the recent quarter.second quarter 2023, we reported a slight rebound and it appears to be the result of market stabilization.  Equity investments primarily in the oil and gas area represent almost all of the unrealized losses reported in first quarter 2023.  The Company experienced significant unrealized gains on these same investments in 2022.  Oil prices declined in first quarter 2023 as concerns of recession intensified leading to a reduction in world demand for oil temporarily causing the price to decline.  Periodic pull backs and downward market adjustments are expected by management.  Management believes its current equity investments continue to be solid investments for the Company and have further growth potential; however, changes in market conditions could cause volatility in market prices.

In summary, the Company’s basis for future revenue is expected to come from the following primary sources: Conservation of business currently in-force, the maximization of investment earnings and the acquisition of other companies or policy blocks in the life insurance business. Management has placed a significant emphasis on the development of these revenue sources to enhance these opportunities.

Expenses

The Company reported total benefits and other expenses of approximately $5.8$11.9 million for the three-monthsix month period ended March 31,June 30, 2023 a decrease of approximately 18%11% from the same period in 2022. Benefits, claims and settlement expenses represented approximately 58% and 57%61% of the Company's total expenses for the three-monthsix month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The other major expense category of the Company is operating expenses, which represented approximately 39% and 41%36% of the Company's total expenses for the three-monthsix month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

When comparing second quarter 2023 and 2022 results, total benefits and other expenses were down approximately 2%. Benefits, claims and settlement expenses represented 64% and 67% of the Company’s total expenses for the second quarter of 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Life benefits, claims and settlement expenses, net of reinsurance benefits and claims were down approximately 16% or $649,00011% when comparing the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2023, and 2022. When comparing second quarter 2023 and 2022 results, life benefits, claims and settlement expenses were down approximately 6%.  Policy claims vary from period to period and therefore, fluctuations in mortality are to be expected and are not considered unusual by Management.

Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company implemented a process to monitor death claims resulting from COVID-19. Prior to the pandemic, death benefits were $12.6 million, $12.8 million and $12.4 million in 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively. During the three plus years of the pandemic, total death benefits were $14.3 million, $16.0 million, and $13.3 million in 2020, 2021, and 2022, respectively. When comparing first quarter ofthe six-months periods ended 2023 and 2022, there was a decline of approximately $1.1 million in death benefits, net of reinsurance.  Death benefits of the Company have been higher than recent past experience, even when adjusting for the identified COVID-19 claims. This anomaly showed throughout the entire U.S. insurance industry. Industry experts believe this increase in death benefits while not always directly related to COVID-19, were caused indirectly by the pandemic due to delays in medical care as a result of the lockdown in 2020 and then later, people’s fears of seeking out treatment and trouble making up appointments. This is further compounded by depression from isolation. In the latter half of 2022, claims appeared to be moving back to pre-pandemic levels.  This has continued through first quarterthroughout 2023.  While we believe our mortality experience has returned to pre-pandemic norms, we cannot be absolutely certain at this time.

Changes in policyholder reserves, or future policy benefits, also impact this line item.  Reserves are calculated on an individual policy basis and generally increase over the life of the policy as a result of additional premium payments and acknowledgment of increased risk as the insured continues to age.

The short-term impact of policy surrenders is negligible since a reserve for future policy benefits payable is held which is, at a minimum, equal to and generally greater than the cash surrender value of a policy.  The benefit of fewer policy surrenders is primarily received over a longer time period through the retention of the Company’s asset base.

Operating expenses decreased approximately 22%11% in the three-monthsix month period ended March 31,June 30, 2023 as compared to the same period in 2022. Second quarter 2023 and 2022 operating expenses were comparable. This decrease is primarily due to two expenses items, charitable contributions and aircraft maintenance. The charitable contributions in 2023 were approximately $480,000$380,000 lower when comparing to 2022.  This expense item fluctuates based on reported taxable income of the Company.  Additionally, in 2022 the Company incurred maintenance expenses relating to the Company’s partially owned aircraft. First quarterThe year to date 2023 aircraft maintenance expense is $166,000$406,000 less than first quarteryear to date 2022. Expenses in the remaining categories are comparable between years.

As mentioned above in the Overview section of the Management Discussion and Analysis, UTG has a strong philanthropic program.  The Company generally allocates a portion of its earnings to be used for its philanthropic efforts primarily targeted to Christ-centered organizations or organizations that help the weak or poor.  Charitable contributions made by the Company are expected to vary from year to year depending on the earnings of the Company.

Net amortization of cost of insurance acquired decreased approximately 4% when comparing current and prior year activity. Cost of insurance acquired is established when an insurance company is acquired or when the Company acquires a block of in-force business.  The Company assigns a portion of its cost to the right to receive future profits from insurance contracts existing at the date of the acquisition.  Cost of insurance acquired is amortized with interest in relation to expected future profits, including direct charge-offs for any excess of the unamortized asset over the projected future profits. The interest rates may vary due to risk analysis performed at the time of acquisition on the business acquired. The Company utilizes a 12% discount rate on the remaining unamortized business.  The amortization is adjusted retrospectively when estimates of current or future gross profits to be realized from a group of products are revised.  Amortization of cost of insurance acquired is particularly sensitive to changes in interest rate spreads and persistency of certain blocks of insurance in-force.  This expense is expected to decrease unless the Company acquires a new block of business.

Management continues to place significant emphasis on expense monitoring and cost containment. Maintaining administrative efficiencies directly impacts net income.

Financial Condition

Investment Information

Investments are the largest asset group of the Company.  The Company's insurance subsidiary is regulated by insurance statutes and regulations as to the type of investments they are permitted to make, and the amount of funds that may be used for any one type of investment.

The following table reflects, by investment category, the investments held by the Company as of March 31,June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022:

 March 31, 2023  As a % of Total Investments  As a % of Total Assets  June 30, 2023 As a % of Total Investments As a % of Total Assets 
Fixed maturities $111,140,163   31%  26%
Fixed maturiries$107,339,371 30% 26% 
Equity securities, at fair value  141,927,670   40%  34% 145,115,511 41% 35% 
Equity securities, at cost  15,683,343   4%  4% 15,683,343 4% 4% 
Mortgage loans  29,341,107   8%  7% 28,795,729 8% 7% 
Real estate  34,675,349   10%  8%
Real Estate 34,557,435 10% 8% 
Notes receivable  15,665,605   4%  4% 12,868,853 4% 3% 
Policy loans  6,495,606   2%  2% 6,277,787 2% 2% 
Short-term investments  3,638,309   1%  1%
Short-term 3,680,135 1% 1% 
Total investments $358,567,152   100%  86%$354,318,164 100% 86% 

 December 31, 2022  As a % of Total Investments  As a % of Total Assets  December 31, 2022 As a % of Total Investments As a % of Total Assets 
Fixed maturities $108,313,059   30%  24%
Fixed maturiries$108,313,059 30% 24% 
Equity securities, at fair value  150,053,686   41%  33% 150,053,686 41% 33% 
Equity securities, at cost  15,683,343   4%  4% 15,683,343 4% 4% 
Mortgage loans  30,698,694   8%  7% 30,698,694 8% 7% 
Real estate  34,934,352   10%  8%
Real Estate 34,934,352 10% 8% 
Notes receivable  14,424,127   4%  3% 14,424,127 4% 3% 
Policy loans  6,567,434   2%  1% 6,567,434 2% 1% 
Short-term investments  3,596,941   1%  1%
Short-term 3,596,941 1% 1% 
Total investments $364,271,636   100%  81%$364,271,636 100% 81% 

The Company's investments are generally managed to match related insurance and policyholder liabilities.  The comparison of investment return with insurance or investment product crediting rates establishes an interest spread.  Interest crediting rates on adjustable-rate policies have been reduced to their guaranteed minimum rates, and as such, cannot be lowered any further.  Policy interest crediting rate changes and expense load changes become effective on an individual policy basis on the next policy anniversary.  Therefore, it takes a full year from the time the change was determined for the full impact of such change to be realized.  If interest rates decline in the future, the Company will not be able to lower rates and both net investment income and net income will be impacted negatively.

The Company’s total investments represented 86% and 81% of the Company’s total assets as of March 31,June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively. Fixed maturities and equity securities consistently represented a substantial portion, 71%, respectively, of the total investments during 2023 and 2022.  The overall investment mix, as a percentage of total investments, remained fairly consistent when comparing the respective investments held as of March 31,June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

As of March 31,June 30, 2023, the carrying value of fixed maturity securities in default as to principal or interest was immaterial in the context of consolidated assets, shareholders’ equity or results from operations.  To provide additional flexibility and liquidity, the Company has identified all fixed maturity securities as "investments available for sale".  Investments available for sale are carried at market value, with changes in market value charged directly to the other comprehensive component of shareholders' equity. Changes in the market value of available for sale securities resulted in net unrealized gains (losses) of approximately $2.2$0.9 million and $(7.3)$(12.9) million as of March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Second quarter 2023 and 2022 changes in the market value of available for sale securities resulted in unrealized gains (losses) of $(1.3) million and $(5.6) million, respectively. The variance in the net unrealized gains and losses is the result of normal market fluctuations mainly related to changes in interest rates in the marketplace.

On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASC(ASCD 326). This standard replaced the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss methodology that is referred to as the current expected credit loss ("CECL") methodology. CECL requires an estimate of credit losses for the remaining estimated life of the financial asset using historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts and generally applies to financial assets measured at amortized cost, including loan receivables and held-to-maturity debt securities, and some off-balance sheet credit exposure such as unfunded commitments to extend credit. Financial assets measured at amortized cost will be presented at the net amount expected to be collected by using an allowance for credit losses.

The Company adopted ASC 326 and all related subsequent amendments thereto effective January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective approach for all financial assets measured at amortized cost and off-balance sheet credit exposure. TheAt June 30, 2023, the transition adjustment of the adoption of CECL includedincludes an increase in the allowance for credit losses of $545,000,$540,000, which is presented as a reduction to net loans outstanding, and an increase in the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments of $30,000,$35,000, which is recorded within other liabilities. The Company recorded a net decrease to retained earnings of $454,250 as of January 1, 2023 for the cumulative effect of adopting CECL, which reflects the transition adjustments noted above, net of the applicable deferred tax assets recorded. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2023 are presented under CECL while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with previously applicable accounting standards ("Incurred Loss").

Management continues to view the Company’s investment portfolio with utmost priority. Significant time has been spent internally researching the Company’s risk and communicating with outside investment advisors about the current investment environment and ways to ensure preservation of capital and mitigate losses.  Management has put extensive efforts into evaluating the investment holdings.  Additionally, members of the Company’s Board of Directors and investment committee have been solicited for advice and provided with information.  Management reviews the Company’s entire portfolio on a security level basis to be sure all understand our holdings, potential risks and underlying credit supporting the investments.  Management intends to continue its close monitoring of its bond holdings and other investments for possible deterioration or market condition changes.  Future events may result in Management’s determination that certain current investment holdings may need to be sold which could result in gains or losses in future periods.  Such future events could also result in other than temporary declines in value that could result in future period impairment losses.

There are a number of significant risks and uncertainties inherent in the process of monitoring impairments and determining if impairment is other-than-temporary. These risks and uncertainties related to Management’s assessment of other-than-temporary declines in value include but are not limited to: the risk that Company's assessment of an issuer's ability to meet all of its contractual obligations will change based on changes in the credit characteristics of that issuer; the risk that the economic outlook will be worse than expected or have more of an impact on the issuer than anticipated; the risk that fraudulent information could be provided to the Company's investment professionals who determine the fair value estimates.


Capital Resources

Total shareholders' equity decreased by approximately 3%4% as of March 31,June 30, 2023, compared to December 31, 2022. The decrease is mainly attributable to a decrease in retained earnings, which is the result of the current year net loss reported by the Company.


Liquidity

Liquidity provides the Company with the ability to meet on demand the cash commitments required by its business operations and financial obligations.  The Company’s liquidity is primarily derived from cash balances, a portfolio of marketable securities and line of credit facilities.  The Company has two principal needs for cash – the insurance company’s contractual obligations to policyholders and the payment of operating expenses.

Parent Company Liquidity

UTG is a holding company that has no day-to-day operations of its own.  Cash flows from UTG’s insurance subsidiary, UG, are used to pay costs associated with maintaining the Company in good standing with states in which it does business and purchasing outstanding shares of UTG stock.  UTG's cash flow is dependent on management fees received from its insurance subsidiary, stockholder dividends from its subsidiary and earnings received on cash balances.  As of March 31,June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, substantially all of the consolidated shareholders’ equity represents net assets of its subsidiaries. As of March 31,June 30, 2023, the Parent company has received $2 million in dividends from its insurance subsidiary. Certain restrictions exist on the payment of dividends from the insurance subsidiary to the Parent company.  For further information regarding the restrictions on the payment of dividends by the insurance subsidiary, see Note 9 – Shareholders’ Equity in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.  Although these restrictions exist, dividend availability from the insurance subsidiary has historically been sufficient to meet the cash flow needs of the Parent company.

Insurance Subsidiary Liquidity

Sources of cash flows for the insurance subsidiary primarily consist of premium and investment income.  Cash outflows from operations include policy benefit payments, administrative expenses, taxes and dividends to the Parent company.

Short-Term Borrowings

During October of 2022, the Federal Home Loan Bank approved UG’s Cash Management Advance Application (“CMA”). The CMA is a source of overnight liquidity utilized to address the day-to-day cash needs of a Company. The CMA gives the company the option of selecting a variable rate of interest for up to 90 days or a fixed rate for a maximum of 30 days.  The variable rate CMA is prepayable at any time without a fee, while the fixed CMA is not prepayable prior to maturity. The Company has pledged bonds with a collateral lendable value of $20$19.8 million. During the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company borrowed $19 million and planned to utilize the funds for investing activities. During the first quarter of 2023, the Company repaid the entire outstanding principal balance.


Consolidated Liquidity

Cash provided byused in operating activities was approximately $2$6.1 million in 2023 and cash used in operating activities was approximately $2.2 million in 2022, respectively. Sources of operating cash flows of the Company, as with most insurance entities, is comprised primarily of premiums received on life insurance products and income earned on investments.  Uses of operating cash flows consist primarily of payments of benefits to policyholders and beneficiaries and operating expenses.  The Company has not marketed any significant new products for several years.  As such, premium revenues continue to decline.  Management anticipates future cash flows from operations to remain similar to historic trends.

During 2023, the Company’s investing activities used net cash of approximately $58,000 and provided net cash of approximately $10.1$4.1 million and $8.0 million in  2022, respectively. The Company recognized proceeds of approximately $14.1$27.3 million and $19.5$24.7 million from investments sold and matured in 2023 and 2022, respectively.  The Company used approximately $14.2$23.2 million and $9.5$16.8 million to acquire investments during 2023 and 2022, respectively.  The net cash provided by investing activities is expected to vary from year to year depending on market conditions and management’s ability to find and negotiate favorable investment contracts.

Net cash used in financing activities was approximately $18.9$19.5 and $14.4$17.5 million during 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of March 31,June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had $0 and $10$19 million, respectively, in debt outstanding with third parties.

The Company had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $28.3$23.8 million and $45.3 million as of March 31,June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.  The Company has a portfolio of marketable fixed maturity securities that could be sold, if an unexpected event were to occur.  These securities had a fair value of approximately $117.3$107.3 million and $108.3 million at March 31,June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.2022, respectively. However, the strong cash flows from investing activities, investment maturities and the availability of the line of credit facilities make it unlikely that the Company would need to sell securities for liquidity purposes.


Management believes the overall sources of liquidity available will be sufficient to satisfy its financial obligations.

ITEMItem 4.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURESControls and Procedure

The Company maintains a set of disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms. In addition, the disclosure controls and procedures ensure that information required to be disclosed is accumulated and communicated to Management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, allowing timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Under the supervision and with the participation of our Management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report.

PARTPart II.  OTHER INFORMATIONOther Information

ITEMItem 1.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGSLegal Proceedings

NONENone

ITEMItem 1A.  RISK FACTORSRisk Factors

NONENone

ITEMItem 2.  UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDSUnregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

NONENone

ITEMItem 3.  DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIESDefaults Upon Senior SecuritiesI

NONENone

ITEMItem 4.  MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURESMine Safety Disclosures

NONENone

ITEMItem 5.  OTHER INFORMATIONOther Information

NONENone

ITEMItem 6.  EXHIBITSExhibits

Exhibit NumberDescription
*31.1
Certification of Jesse T. Correll, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of UTG, as required pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
*31.2
Certification of Theodore C. Miller, Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President and Corporate Secretary of UTG, as required pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
*32.1
Certificate of Jesse T. Correll, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of UTG, as required pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
*32.2
Certificate of Theodore C. Miller, Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President and Corporate Secretary of UTG, as required pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
**101
The following financial statements from the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, June 30, 2023, formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language (iXBRL): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity, (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (vi) Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (detail tagged).
**104
Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in iXBRL and included in exhibit 101)101).

* Filed herewith



SIGNATURES


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


UTG, INC.
(Registrant)

Date:May 12,August 11, 2023 By/s/ Jesse T. CorrellJames P. Rousey
    Jesse T. CorrellJames P. Rousey
    
Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, President and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)



Date:May 12,August 11, 2023 By/s/ Theodore C. Miller
    Theodore C. Miller
    
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer and
Senior Vice President
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)