UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

~~(Mark One)~~

	þ
(Mark One)
☑	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, ~~2017~~2020

OR
☐	¨	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM _________ TO _________

Commission file number: 001-37949

Innovative Industrial Properties, ~~Inc.~~Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

~~Maryland~~	~~81-2963381~~
Maryland	81-2963381
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or ~~organization)~~	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
organization)
~~11440 West Bernardo Court, Suite 220~~ ~~San Diego, CA 92127~~	~~(858) 997-3332~~
1389 Center Drive, Suite 200 Park City, UT84098	(858) 997-3332
(Address of principal executive offices)	(~~Registrant's~~Registrant’s telephone number)

Not Applicable

(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbols (s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share	IIPR	New York Stock Exchange
Series A Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share	IIPR-PA	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ☑ No ¨☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically ~~and posted on its corporate Web site, if any,~~ every Interactive Data File required to be submitted ~~and posted~~ pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit ~~and post~~ such files). Yes þ☑ No ¨☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, ~~or a~~ smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of ~~"large~~“large accelerated filer,~~" "accelerated filer"~~” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and ~~"smaller reporting company"~~“emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ¨☑

Accelerated filer ¨☐

Non-accelerated filer ¨

~~(Do not check if a~~

~~smaller reporting company)~~☐

Smaller reporting company þ☐

Emerging growth company þ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.¨☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨☐ Noþ

☑

As of November ~~9, 2017~~5, 2020 there were ~~3,501,147~~22,174,428 shares of common stock outstanding.

Table of Contents

INNOVATIVE INDUSTRIAL PROPERTIES, INC.

FORM 10-Q – QUARTERLY REPORT

SEPTEMBER 30, ~~2017~~2020

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I

PART II

Table of Contents

PART I

~~Item~~

ITEM 1.~~Financial Statements~~

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

September 30,
2017

December 31,
2016

Assets
Real estate, at cost:
Land $ 10,385 $ 7,600
Buildings and improvements 30,885 22,475
Tenant improvements 5,901 —
Total real estate, at cost 47,171 30,075
Less accumulated depreciation (579 ) (27 )
Net real estate held for investment 46,592 30,048
Cash and cash equivalents 22,204 33,003
Deposits and other assets, net 1,347 276
Total assets $ 70,143 $ 63,327
Liabilities and stockholders' equity
Tenant improvements payable $ 5,900 $ —
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 608 70
Dividends payable 525 —
Offering cost liability 190 276
Rents received in advance and tenant security deposits 2,960 2,542
Total liabilities 10,183 2,888
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7 and 10)
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, 50,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 — —
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 50,000,000 shares and no shares authorized, and 3,501,147 shares and no shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively 4 —
Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share, no shares and 49,000,000 shares authorized, and no shares and 3,416,508 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively — 3
Class B common stock, par value $0.001 per share, no shares and 1,000,000 shares authorized, and no shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively — —
Additional paid-in capital 65,027 64,828
Accumulated deficit (5,071 ) (4,392 )
Total stockholders' equity 59,960 60,439
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 70,143 $ 63,327


	September 30,		December 31,
	2020		2019
Assets
Real estate, at cost:
Land	$	68,033	$	48,652
Buildings and improvements		575,529		382,035
Tenant improvements		272,934		87,344
Total real estate, at cost		916,496		518,031
Less accumulated depreciation		(31,469)		(12,170)
Net real estate held for investment		885,027		505,861
Cash and cash equivalents		161,074		82,244
Restricted cash		—		35,072
Short-term investments, net		451,178		119,595
Right of use office lease asset		1,035		1,202
Other assets, net		1,536		1,883
Total assets	$	1,499,850	$	745,857
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Exchangeable senior notes, net	$	136,174	$	134,654
Tenant improvements and construction funding payable		30,583		24,968
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		1,336		3,417
Dividends payable		26,325		12,975
Office lease liability		1,113		1,202
Rent received in advance and tenant security deposits		34,323		20,631
Total liabilities		229,854		197,847
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 6 and 11)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, 50,000,000 shares authorized: 9.00% Series A cumulative redeemable preferred stock, $15,000 liquidation preference ($25.00 per share), 600,000 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019		14,009		14,009
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 50,000,000 shares authorized: 22,174,428 and 12,637,043 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively		22		13
Additional paid-in capital		1,295,352		553,932
Dividends in excess of earnings		(39,387)		(19,944)
Total stockholders' equity		1,269,996		548,010
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	1,499,850	$	745,857

See the accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of ~~Operations~~
~~for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017~~
Income

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

For the Three
Months Ended
September 30,
2017

For the Nine
Months Ended
September 30,
2017

Revenues:
Rental $ 1,495 $ 4,074
Tenant reimbursements 64 64
Total revenues 1,559 4,138
Expenses:
Property expenses 64 64
General and administrative 983 4,204
Severance — 113
Depreciation 217 553
Total expenses 1,264 4,934
Income / (loss) from operations 295 (796 )
Other income 39 117
Net income / (loss) $ 334 $ (679 )
Net income / (loss) per share (basic and diluted) $ 0.09 $ (0.21 )
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted 3,392,508 3,369,308
Dividends declared per common share $ 0.15 $ 0.30


	For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Revenues:
Rental (including tenant reimbursements)	$	34,327	$	11,555	$	79,803	$	26,995
Total revenues		34,327		11,555		79,803		26,995

Expenses:
Property expenses		2,919		357		3,933		941
General and administrative expense		3,339		2,156		9,695		6,667
Depreciation expense		7,646		2,221		19,299		5,054
Total expenses		13,904		4,734		32,927		12,662
Income from operations		20,423		6,821		46,876		14,333
Interest and other income		653		1,537		3,086		3,702
Interest expense		(1,861)		(1,838)		(5,565)		(4,462)
Net income		19,215		6,520		44,397		13,573
Preferred stock dividend		(338)		(338)		(1,014)		(1,014)
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	18,877	$	6,182	$	43,383	$	12,559
Net income attributable to common stockholders per share (Note 8):
Basic	$	0.87	$	0.56	$	2.35	$	1.22
Diluted	$	0.86	$	0.55	$	2.33	$	1.20
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic		21,594,637		10,918,477		18,315,231		10,088,036
Diluted		21,708,725		11,057,697		18,429,228		10,225,574

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated ~~Statement~~Statements of ~~Stockholders'~~Stockholders’ Equity
~~for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017~~

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except share amounts)

Shares of
Common
Stock Common
Stock Additional
Paid-In
Capital Accumulated
Deficit Total
Stockholders'
Equity
Balance, December 31, 2016 3,416,508 $ 3 $ 64,828 $ (4,392 ) $ 60,439
Net loss — — — (679 ) (679 )
Reclassification of Class A and Class B common stock to common stock * * — — —
Common stock dividends — — (1,050 ) — (1,050 )
Net issuance of unvested restricted stock 84,639 1 (299 ) — (298 )
Stock-based compensation — — 1,548 — 1,548
Balance, September 30, 2017 3,501,147 $ 4 $ 65,027 $ (5,071 ) $ 59,960


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2020											Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
	Series A		Shares of			Additional		Dividends in		Total		Series A		Shares of			Additional		Dividends in		Total
	Preferred		Common	Common		Paid-In-		Excess of		Stockholders’		Preferred		Common	Common		Paid-In		Excess of		Stockholders’
	Stock		Stock	Stock		Capital		Earnings		Equity		Stock		Stock	Stock		Capital		Earnings		Equity
Balances at beginning of period	$	14,009	18,614,561	$	19	$	988,220	$	(32,277)	$	969,971	$	14,009	9,809,171	$	10	$	266,356	$	(14,187)	$	266,188
Net income		—	—		—		—		19,215		19,215		—	—		—		—		6,520		6,520
Net proceeds from sale of common stock		—	3,559,867		3		306,291		—		306,294		—	1,558,000		1		185,623		—		185,624
Net issuance of unvested restricted stock		—	—		—		—		—		—		—	657		—		—		—		—
Preferred stock dividend		—	—		—		—		(338)		(338)		—	—		—		—		(338)		(338)
Common stock dividend		—	—		—		—		(25,987)		(25,987)		—	—		—		—		(8,866)		(8,866)
Stock-based compensation		—	—		—		841		—		841		—	—		—		655		—		655
Balances at end of period	$	14,009	22,174,428	$	22	$	1,295,352	$	(39,387)	$	1,269,996	$	14,009	11,367,828	$	11	$	452,634	$	(16,871)	$	449,783


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020											Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
	Series A		Shares of			Additional		Dividends in		Total		Series A		Shares of			Additional		Dividends in		Total
	Preferred		Common	Common		Paid-In		Excess of		Stockholders’		Preferred		Common	Common		Paid-In		Excess of		Stockholders’
	Stock		Stock	Stock		Capital		Earnings		Equity		Stock		Stock	Stock		Capital		Earnings		Equity
Balances at beginning of period	$	14,009	12,637,043	$	13	$	553,932	$	(19,944)	$	548,010	$	14,009	9,775,800	$	10	$	260,540	$	(10,267)	$	264,292
Net income		—	—		—		—		44,397		44,397		—	—		—		—		13,573		13,573
Equity component of exchangeable senior notes		—	—		—		—		—		—		—	—		—		5,569		—		5,569
Issuance of exchangeable senior notes		—	14		—		1		—		1		—	—		—		—		—		—
Net proceeds from sale of common stock		—	9,548,866		9		741,097		—		741,106		—	1,558,000		1		185,623		—		185,624
Net issuance of unvested restricted stock		—	(11,495)		—		(2,166)		—		(2,166)		—	34,028		—		(939)		—		(939)
Preferred stock dividend		—	—		—		—		(1,014)		(1,014)		—	—		—		—		(1,014)		(1,014)
Common stock dividend		—	—		—		—		(62,826)		(62,826)		—	—		—		—		(19,163)		(19,163)
Stock-based compensation		—	—		—		2,488		—		2,488		—	—		—		1,841		—		1,841
Balances at end of period	$	14,009	22,174,428	$	22	$	1,295,352	$	(39,387)	$	1,269,996	$	14,009	11,367,828	$	11	$	452,634	$	(16,871)	$	449,783

* Effective as of January 26, 2017, each share of the Company’s outstanding Class A common stock and Class B common stock was reclassified as, and became one share of, a new single class of common stock named “common stock”. There were no shares of Class B common stock outstanding as of January 26, 2017, as all such shares were redeemed by the Company for $0.001 per share (par value) immediately prior to the Company's initial public offering in December 2016.

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated ~~Statement~~Statements of Cash Flows
~~for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017~~

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

Operating activities
Net loss $ (679 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation 553
Amortization of stock-based compensation awards 1,548
Changes in assets and liabilities
Deposits and other assets, net (882 )
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 538
Security deposit 418
Net cash provided by operating activities 1,496
Investing activities
Purchases of investments in real estate (11,185 )
Capital expenditures (11 )
Net cash used in investing activities (11,196 )
Financing activities
Initial public offering costs (276 )
Dividends paid to common stockholders (525 )
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards (298 )
Net cash used in financing activities (1,099 )
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (10,799 )
Cash and cash equivalents, December 31, 2016 33,003
Cash and cash equivalents, September 30, 2017 $ 22,204

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities
Accrual for common stock dividend declared $ 525
Accrual for offering costs 190
Accrual for tenant improvements 5,900


	For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2020		2019
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	44,397	$	13,573
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation		19,299		5,054
Other non-cash adjustments		139		—
Stock-based compensation		2,488		1,841
Amortization of discounts on short-term investments		(2,499)		(2,870)
Amortization of debt discounts and issuance costs		1,521		1,181
Changes in assets and liabilities
Other assets, net		(364)		46
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(2,095)		(924)
Rent received in advance and tenant security deposits		13,692		7,185
Net cash provided by operating activities		76,578		25,086
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of investments in real estate		(182,086)		(107,644)
Reimbursements of tenant improvements and construction funding		(210,114)		(43,767)
Deposits in escrow for acquisitions		—		(500)
Purchases of short-term investments		(668,576)		(249,015)
Maturities of short-term investments		339,492		163,500
Net cash used in investing activities		(721,284)		(237,426)
Cash flows from financing activities
Issuance of common stock, net of offering costs		741,120		185,687
Net proceeds from issuance of exchangeable senior notes		0		138,545
Dividends paid to common stockholders		(49,476)		(13,718)
Dividends paid to preferred stockholders		(1,014)		(1,014)
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards		(2,166)		(939)
Net cash provided by financing activities		688,464		308,561
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		43,758		96,221
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period		117,316		13,050
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	161,074		109,271
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for interest	$	5,391	$	3,056
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Accrual for reimbursements of tenant improvements and construction funding	$	30,583	$	12,700
Deposits applied for acquisitions		650		—
Accrual for common and preferred stock dividends declared		26,325		9,204
Accrual for stock issuance costs		14		62
Exchange of exchangeable senior notes		1		—

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

September 30, ~~2017~~2020

(Unaudited)

1. Organization

As used herein, the terms “we”, “us”, “our” or the “Company” refer to Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc. ~~(the "Company"~~, ~~"we", "us"~~a Maryland corporation, and "our"), formerly known as Innovative Greenhouse Properties, Inc. and incorporated in Maryland on June 15, 2016, was formed to own specialized industrial real estate assets primarily leased to tenants in the regulated medical-use cannabis industry.

~~On December 5, 2016, the Company completed its initial public offering~~any of 3,350,000 shares of its Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share, at a public offering price of $20.00 per share. The Company received net proceeds of approximately $61.1 million from the offering.

As of September 30, 2017, the Company owned two properties in New York and Maryland. The New York property is a 127,000 square foot industrial property, which the Company purchased in December 2016 for approximately $30.0 million (plus approximately $75,000 in transaction costs). The Maryland property is a 72,000 square foot industrial property, which was under development when the Company purchased the property in May 2017 for an initial purchase price of approximately $8.0 million (plus approximately $185,000 in transaction costs). The Company paid an additional $3.0 million to the seller of the Maryland property upon completion of certain development milestones in August 2017, and reimbursed the tenant at the Maryland property an additional $5.9 million for tenant improvements in October 2017. Subsequent to the funding of the tenant improvements, the Company's total investment in the Maryland property was $16.9 million (excluding transaction costs).

our subsidiaries, including IIP Operating Partnership, LP, a Delaware limited partnership ~~(the "Operating Partnership"~~(our “Operating Partnership”)~~, was formed~~.

We are an internally-managed real estate investment trust (“REIT”) focused on the acquisition, ownership and management of specialized properties leased to experienced, state-licensed operators for their regulated state-licensed cannabis facilities. We have acquired and intend to continue to acquire our properties through sale-leaseback transactions and third-party purchases. We have leased and expect to continue to lease our properties on a triple-net lease basis, where the tenant is responsible for all aspects of and costs related to the property and its operation during the lease term, including structural repairs, maintenance, taxes and insurance.

We were incorporated in Maryland on June ~~20, 2016 and is~~15, 2016. We conduct our business through a ~~wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. The Company is~~traditional umbrella partnership real estate investment trust, or UPREIT structure, in which our properties are owned by our Operating Partnership, directly or through subsidiaries. We are the sole general partner of ~~the~~our Operating Partnership and ~~conducts substantially all~~own, directly or through subsidiaries, 100% of ~~its business through~~ the limited partnership interests in our Operating Partnership.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Procedures and Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Basis of Presentation.The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ~~("GAAP"~~(“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. They do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. The comparative financial statements for the periods from June 15, 2016 (date of incorporation) through September 30, 2016 and June 30, 2016 through September 30, 2016 have been omitted as the Company had no significant operations during the period.

This interim financial information should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements in the ~~Company's~~Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the ~~period from June 15, 2016 (date of incorporation) through~~year ended December 31, ~~2016.~~2019. Any references to square footage or occupancy percentage, and any amounts derived from these values in these notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements, are outside the scope of our independent registered public accounting firm’s review.

The Company considered the impact of COVID-19 on its assumptions and estimates used and determined that there were no material adverse impacts on the Company's results of operations and financial position at September 30, 2020. A prolonged outbreak could have a material adverse impact on the financial results and business operations of the Company. See Note 6 for further discussion.

Management believes that all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. This interim financial information does not necessarily represent or indicate what the operating results will be for the year ending December 31, ~~2017.~~

2020.

Federal Income Taxes.We ~~intend to elect and to operate~~believe that we have operated our business so as to qualify ~~and~~ to be taxed as a ~~real estate investment trust ("REIT")~~REIT for U.S. federal income tax ~~purposes, commencing with our taxable year ending December 31, 2017.~~purposes. Under the REIT operating structure, we are permitted to deduct dividends paid to our stockholders in determining our taxable income. Assuming our dividends equal or exceed our taxable net income, we generally will not be required to pay federal corporate income taxes on such income. The income taxes recorded on our condensed consolidated ~~statement~~statements of ~~operations~~income represent amounts paid for city and state income and franchise taxes and are included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of ~~operations.~~

income.

Use of Estimates.The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make a number of estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting ~~periods.~~period. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates and assumptions.

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Reportable Segment. We are engaged in the business of providing real estate for the regulated cannabis industry. Our properties are similar in that they are leased to the state-licensed operators on a long-term triple-net basis, consist of improvements that are reusable and have similar economic characteristics. Our chief operating decision maker reviews financial information for our entire consolidated operations when making decisions related to assessing our operating performance. We have aggregated the properties into one reportable segment as the properties share similar long-term economic characteristics and have other similarities, including the fact that they are operated using consistent business strategies. The financial information disclosed herein represents all of the financial information related to our 1 reportable segment.

Acquisition of Real Estate Properties.Our investment in real estate is recorded at historical cost, less accumulated depreciation. Upon acquisition of a property, the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed are initially measured based upon their relative fair values. We estimate the fair value of land by reviewing comparable sales within the same submarket and/or region, ~~and~~ the fair value of buildings on an as-if vacant ~~basis.~~basis and may engage third-party valuation specialists. Acquisition costs are capitalized as incurred. ~~The acquisitions~~All of our ~~two properties in New York and Maryland~~acquisitions to date were ~~each~~ recorded as an asset ~~acquisition.~~

acquisitions.

Depreciation.We are required to make subjective assessments as to the estimated useful lives of our depreciable assets. We consider the period of future benefit of the assets to determine the appropriate estimated useful lives. Depreciation of our assets is charged to expense on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives. We depreciate each of our buildings and improvements over its estimated remaining useful life, ~~of 35~~generally not to exceed 40 years. We depreciate tenant improvements at our buildings where we are considered the owner over the estimated useful lives of the improvements, which may not be limited by the terms of the related leases.

We depreciate office equipment and furniture and fixtures over estimated useful lives ranging from three to six years. We depreciate the leasehold improvements at our corporate office over the shorter of the estimated useful lives or the ~~terms of the related leases.~~

initial lease term.

Provision for Impairment. ~~Another significant judgment must be made as~~On a quarterly basis, we review current activities and changes in the business conditions of all of our properties prior to ~~if,~~ and ~~when, impairment losses should be taken on a property when~~subsequent to the end of each quarter to determine the existence of any triggering events or impairment indicators requiring an impairment analysis. If triggering events or impairment indicators are identified, we review an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows for the properties, including, if necessary, a ~~change in circumstances~~probability-weighted approach if multiple outcomes are under consideration.

Long-lived assets are individually evaluated for impairment when conditions exist that may indicate that the carrying amount of ~~the~~a long-lived asset may not be recoverable. ~~A provision~~The carrying amount of a long-lived asset to be held and used is ~~made for impairment~~not recoverable if ~~estimated future operating~~it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows ~~(undiscounted~~expected to result from the use and ~~without interest charges) plus estimated~~eventual disposition ~~proceeds (undiscounted) are less than the current book value~~ of the ~~property. Key inputs that we utilize~~asset. Impairment indicators or triggering events for long-lived assets to be held and used are assessed by project and include significant fluctuations in ~~this analysis include projected~~estimated net operating income, occupancy changes, significant near-term lease expirations, current and historical operating and/or cash flow losses, construction costs, estimated completion dates, rental rates, and other market factors. We assess the expected undiscounted cash flows based upon numerous factors, including, but not limited to, construction costs, available market information, current and historical operating results, known trends, current market/economic conditions that may affect the property, and our assumptions about the use of the asset, including, if necessary, a probability-weighted approach if multiple outcomes are under consideration. Upon determination that an impairment has occurred, a write-down is recognized to reduce the carrying amount to its estimated ~~holding periods, capital expenditures and property sales capitalization rates. As~~fair value. We may adjust depreciation of ~~September 30, 2017, no~~properties that are expected to be disposed of or redeveloped prior to the end of their useful lives. NaN impairment losses were ~~recognized.~~

recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Revenue ~~Recognition and Accounts Receivable.~~Recognition. Our leases ~~and future tenant leases~~ are ~~expected to be~~ triple-net leases, an arrangement under which the tenant ~~is responsible~~maintains the property while paying us rent. We account for ~~all aspects~~our current leases as operating leases and record revenue for each of ~~and costs related~~our properties on a cash basis due to the ~~property~~uncertain regulatory environment in the United States relating to the regulated cannabis industry and ~~its operation during~~ the lease term, including structural repairs, maintenance, taxes and insurance. We anticipate that all leases will be accounted for as operating leases. Under this method, leases that have fixed and determinable rent increases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, unless theuncertainty of collectability of ~~minimum~~ lease payments ~~is not reasonably predictable.~~from each tenant due to its limited operating history. Contractually obligated reimbursements from tenants for recoverable real estate taxes and operating expenses are included in ~~tenant reimbursements~~rental revenue in the period when such costs are ~~incurred.~~

~~Future contractual minimum rent (including base rent, supplemental base rent (for our property in New York) and property management fees) under~~reimbursed by the ~~operating leases as of September 30, 2017 for future periods is summarized as follows (in thousands):~~

Year Contractual Minimum Rent
2017 (three months ending December 31) $ 1,953
2018 7,964
2019 8,201
2020 8,448
2021 8,661
Thereafter 96,151
Total $ 131,378

~~We recognize an allowance for doubtful accounts relating to accounts receivable for amounts deemed uncollectible. We consider~~tenants. Contractually obligated real estate taxes that are paid directly by the tenant specific issues, such as financial stability and ability to pay, when determining collectability of accounts receivable and appropriate allowances to record. We record revenue for each of our properties on a cash basis due to the ~~uncertainty of collectability of lease payments from each tenant due to its limited operating history. Rent received~~tax authorities are not reflected in advance of the contractual due date is recorded as a liability until earned. Rent under the lease for the property we acquired in Maryland in May 2017 was subject to an initial rent abatement of three months, and as such, no rental revenues were generated from that property until August 26, 2017.

our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash. We consider all highly-liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. As of September 30, ~~2017, $12.1~~2020 and December 31, 2019, $93.5 million ~~was~~and $60.1 million, respectively, were invested in short-term money market funds, obligations of the U.S. government and certificates of ~~deposit.~~deposit with an original maturity at the time of purchase of less than or equal to three months.

Restricted cash relates to cash held in escrow for the reimbursement of tenant improvements in accordance with various lease agreements. As of September 30, 2020, all of the cash held was released from restriction.

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Investments. Investments consist of obligations of the U.S. government and certificates of deposit with an original maturity at the time of purchase of greater than three months. Investments are classified as held-to-maturity and stated at amortized cost.

Exchangeable Notes. The “Debt with Conversion and Other Options” Topic of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification requires the liability and equity components of exchangeable debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon exchange, including partial cash settlement, to be separately accounted for in a manner that reflects the issuer’s nonexchangeable debt borrowing rate. The initial proceeds from the sale of our Exchangeable Senior Notes (as defined below) were allocated between a liability component and an equity component in a manner that reflects interest expense at the rate of similar nonexchangeable debt that could have been issued at such time. The equity component represents the excess initial proceeds received over the fair value of the liability component of the Exchangeable Senior Notes as of the date of issuance. We measured the estimated fair value of the debt component of our Exchangeable Senior Notes as of the date of issuance based on our estimated nonexchangeable debt borrowing rate with the assistance of a third-party valuation specialist as we do not have a history of borrowing arrangements and there is limited empirical data available related to the Company’s industry due to the regulatory uncertainty of the cannabis market in which the Company’s tenants operate. The equity component of our Exchangeable Senior Notes is reflected within additional paid-in capital on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, and the resulting debt discount is amortized over the period during which the Exchangeable Senior Notes are expected to be outstanding (through the maturity date) as additional non-cash interest expense. The additional non-cash interest expense attributable to our Exchangeable Senior Notes will increase in subsequent periods through the maturity date as the Exchangeable Senior Notes accrete to the par value over the same period.

Deferred Financing Costs. The deferred financing costs that are included as a reduction in the net book value of the related liability on our condensed consolidated balance sheets reflect issuance and other costs related to our Exchangeable Senior Notes. These costs are amortized as non-cash interest expense using the effective interest method over the life of the Exchangeable Senior Notes.

Stock-Based Compensation. Stock-based compensation for equity awards is based on the grant date fair value of the equity ~~investment~~awards and is recognized over the requisite service period.

If awards are forfeited prior to vesting, we reverse any previously recognized expense related to such awards in the period during which the forfeiture occurs and reclassify any non-forfeitable dividends and dividend equivalents previously paid on these awards from retained earnings to compensation expense. Forfeitures are recognized as incurred.

~~Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements.~~Lease Accounting.~~In May 2015,~~ As lessor for each of our real estate transactions involving the ~~Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2015-07 that eliminates~~leaseback of the ~~requirement~~related property to ~~categorize investments within~~the seller or affiliates of the seller, we determine whether these transactions qualify as sale and leaseback transactions under the accounting guidance. For these transactions, we consider various inputs and assumptions including, but not necessarily limited to, lease terms, renewal options, discount rates, and other rights and provisions in the purchase and sale agreement, lease and other documentation to determine whether control has been transferred to the Company or remains with the lessee. A transaction involving a sale leaseback will be treated as a purchase of a real estate property if it is considered to transfer control of the underlying asset from the lessee. A lease will be classified as direct-financing if risks and rewards are conveyed without the transfer of control. Otherwise, the lease is treated as an operating lease. These criteria also include estimates and assumptions regarding the fair value ~~hierarchy if their fair value~~of the leased facilities, minimum lease payments, the economic useful life of the facilities, the existence of a purchase option, and certain other terms in the lease agreements. The lease accounting guidance requires accounting for a transaction as a financing in a sale leaseback when the seller-lessee is ~~measured using~~provided an option to purchase the ~~net asset value per share~~property from the landlord at the tenant’s option. All of our leases are classified as operating leases. Our tenant reimbursable revenue and property expenses are presented on a gross basis as rental revenue and as property expenses, respectively, on our condensed consolidated statements of income.

In April 2020, in response to the coronavirus pandemic and associated severe economic disruption, we amended leases at certain of our properties to provide for temporary base rent and property management fee deferrals through June 30, 2020. The FASB has issued additional guidance for companies to account for any coronavirus related rent concessions in the form of FASB staff and board members' remarks at the April 8, 2020 public meeting and the FASB staff question-and-answer document issued on April 10, 2020. We have elected the practical expedient which allows us to not have to evaluate whether concessions provided in response to coronavirus pandemic are lease modifications. This relief is subject to certain conditions being met, including ensuring the total remaining lease payments are substantially the same or less as compared to the original lease payments prior to the concession being granted.

Lease amendments that are not associated with the coronavirus pandemic are evaluated to determine if the modification grants the lessee an additional right-of-use not included in the ~~FASB’s fair value measurement guidance. The amendments also limit certain disclosures to investments~~original lease and if the lease payments increase commensurate with the standalone price of the additional right-of-use, adjusted for ~~which~~ the ~~entity has elected to measure at fair value using~~circumstances of the ~~net asset value per share practical expedient. The amendments were applied retrospectively by removing~~particular contract. If both conditions are present, the lease amendment is accounted for as a new lease that is separate from the original lease.

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One of our leases that was entered into prior to 2019 provides the lessee with a purchase option to purchase the leased property at the end of the initial lease term in September 2034, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. The purchase option provision allows the lessee to purchase the leased property at the greatest of (a) the fair value; (b) the value ~~hierarchy~~determined by dividing the then-current base rent by 8%; and (c) an amount equal to our gross investment in the property (including the purchase price at acquisition and any ~~investments~~additional investment in the property made by us during the term of the lease), indexed to inflation. At September 30, 2020, our gross investment in the property with the purchase option was approximately $30.5 million. At September 30, 2020, the purchase option was not exercisable.

Our leases generally contain options to extend the lease terms at the prevailing market rate or at the expiring rental rate at the time of expiration. Certain of our leases provide the lessee with a right of first refusal or right of first offer in the event we market the leased property for ~~which fair value is measured using the net asset value per share practical expedient. Adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.~~

sale.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements.In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASU 2014-09"). ASU 2014-09 outlines a comprehensive model for companies to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers, and will apply to transactions such as the sale of real estate. ASU 2014-09 is effective for years beginning after December 15, 2018 as a result of the Company’s election as an emerging growth company. The majority of our revenues related to rental income from leasing arrangements, which is excluded from ASU 2014-09. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that ASU 2014-09 will have on any non-lease components and revenues generated from activities other than leasing.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases ("ASU 2016-02"). Under this new standard the large majority of operating leases are expected to remain classified as operating leases, and lessors should continue to recognize lease income for those leases on a generally straight-line basis over the lease term. ASU 2016-02 is effective for years beginning after December 15, 2019 as a result of the Company’s election as an emerging growth company, using a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available. The amendments in ASU 2016-02 do not significantly change the current lessor accounting model or the lessee accounting model for our corporate office operating lease; however, we are currently evaluating the impact of this new standard.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation — Stock Compensation; Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting ("ASU 2016-09"). The FASB issued ASU 2016-09 to simplify several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, estimation of forfeitures and classification on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 is effective for years beginning after December 15, 2017 as a result of the Company’s election as an emerging growth company, and early adoption is permitted. ASU 2016-09 is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU ~~No.~~ 2016-13, Financial ~~Instruments-Credit~~Instruments — Credit Losses, ~~("ASU 2016-13"),~~ which changes the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. For trade and other receivables, held-to-maturity debt securities, loans and other instruments, companies will be required to use a new forward-looking “expected loss” model that generally will result in the earlier recognition of allowances for losses. In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses, which among other updates, clarifies that receivables arising from operating leases are not within the scope of this guidance and should be evaluated in accordance with Topic 842, Leases. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, companies will measure credit losses in a manner similar to what they do today, except that the losses will be recognized as allowances rather than as reductions in the amortized cost of the securities. Companies will have to disclose significantly more information, including information they use to track credit quality by year of origination for most financing receivables. Companies will apply the standard’s provisions as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted. ASU 2016-13 isThese standards were effective for ~~years beginning after December 15,~~the Company on January 1, 2020 ~~as a result of the Company’s election as an emerging growth company, with early adoption permitted. The Company is in the initial stage of evaluating the impact of this new standard.~~

~~In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) Classification of Certain Cash Receipts~~ and Cash Payments ("ASU 2016-15"), which clarifies or provides guidance relating to eight specific cash flow classification issues. The standard should be applied retrospectively for each period presented, as appropriate. This new standard is effective for years beginning after December 15, 2018 as a result of the Company’s election as an emerging growth company, with early adoption permitted. The impact of ASU 2016-15 will depend on future transactions, though the impact will only be related to the classification of those items on the statement of cash flows and willdid not ~~impact our cash flows or our consolidated results of operations.~~

In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, Other Income – Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets ("ASU 2017-05"), which defines “in substance nonfinancial asset”, unifies guidance related to partial sales of nonfinancial assets, eliminates rules specifically addressing sales of real estate, removes exceptions to the financial asset derecognition model, and clarifies the accounting for contributions of nonfinancial assets to joint ventures. ASU 2017-05 is effective for years beginning after December 15, 2018 as a result of the Company’s election as an emerging growth company. ASU 2017-05 is not expected to have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Concentration of Credit Risk. ~~Our~~As of September 30, 2020, we owned 63 properties ~~are~~ located in ~~the states of~~Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania and ~~Maryland.~~Virginia. The ability of any of our tenants to honor the terms of their leases ~~are~~is dependent upon the economic, regulatory, competition, natural and social factors affecting the community in which that tenant operates.

The following table sets forth the tenants in our ~~tenants operate.~~portfolio that represented the largest percentage of our total rental revenue for each period presented, including tenant reimbursements:


	For the Three Months Ended			For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2020			September 30, 2020
		Percentage of			Percentage of
	Number of	Rental		Number of	Rental
	Leases	Revenue		Leases	Revenue
PharmaCann Inc.⁽¹⁾	5	16	%	5	19	%
Cresco Labs Inc.⁽¹⁾	5	12	%	5	10	%
Ascend Wellness Holdings, LLC⁽¹⁾	3	10	%	3	10	%
Holistic Industries Inc.⁽¹⁾	4	6	%	4	6	%
Curaleaf Holdings, Inc.⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	4	6	%	4	6	%
Green Thumb Industries Inc.⁽¹⁾	3	6	%	3	5	%
SH Parent, Inc. (Parallel)⁽¹⁾	2	6	%	2	5	%


	For the Three Months Ended			For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2019			September 30, 2019
		Percentage of			Percentage of
	Number of	Rental		Number of	Rental
	Leases	Revenue		Leases	Revenue
PharmaCann Inc.⁽¹⁾	4	24	%	4	27	%
Ascend Wellness Holdings, LLC⁽¹⁾	2	14	%	2	12	%
Vireo Health, Inc.⁽¹⁾	4	9	%	4	10	%
Kings Garden Inc.⁽¹⁾	5	8	%	5	6	%
Holistic Industries Inc.	1	7	%	1	8	%
Green Peak Industries, LLC	1	7	%	1	7	%
The Pharm, LLC⁽¹⁾	2	6	%	2	8	%

(1)

Includes leases with affiliates of the entity, for which the entity has provided a corporate guaranty.

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(2)

Curaleaf Holdings, Inc. acquired GR Companies, Inc. (“Grassroots”) and executed corporate guaranties for our leases with Grassroots in August 2020.

At September 30, ~~2017, the tenants at~~2020, one of our properties in Michigan accounted for approximately 5% of our net real estate held for investment. At December 31, 2019, one of our properties in New York ~~and Maryland represented 67% and 33%~~accounted for approximately 6% of our ~~total annualized base rent and supplemental base rent (for our property in New York), respectively.~~

net real estate held for investment.

We have deposited cash with a financial institution that is insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ~~("FDIC"~~(“FDIC”) up to $250,000. As of September 30, ~~2017,~~2020, we had cash accounts in excess of FDIC insured limits. We have not experienced any losses in such accounts.

~~Reclassifications~~~~. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified for consistency with~~3. Common Stock

As of September 30, 2020, the ~~current period presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the reported results of operations.~~

~~Common Stock~~

~~The~~ Company iswas authorized to issue up to 50,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per ~~share. Effective as of January 26, 2017, the Company amended its charter to reclassify all~~share, and there were 22,174,428 shares ~~of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock of the Company as a single class~~ of common stock ~~par value $0.001 per share.~~issued and outstanding.

~~Preferred Stock~~

In January 2020, we issued 3,412,969 shares of common stock, including the exercise in full of the underwriters' option to purchase an additional 445,170 shares, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $239.6 million.

~~The~~In May 2020, we issued 1,550,648 shares of common stock, including the exercise in full of the underwriter’s option to purchase an additional 202,259 shares, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $114.9 million.

In July 2020, we issued 3,085,867 shares of common stock, including the exercise in full of the underwriters' option to purchase an additional 402,504 shares, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $248.2 million.

In September 2019, we entered into equity distribution agreements with three sales agents, pursuant to which we may offer and sell from time to time through an “at-the-market” offering program, or ATM Program, up to $250.0 million in shares of our common stock. During the three months ended September 30, 2020, we sold 474,000 shares of our common stock for net proceeds of approximately $58.1 million under the ATM Program, which includes the payment of approximately $1.2 million to one sales agent as commission for such sales. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we sold 1,499,382 shares of our common stock for net proceeds of approximately $138.4 million under the ATM Program, which includes the payment of approximately $2.8 million to one sales agent as commission for such sales.

4. Preferred Stock

As of September 30, 2020, the Company iswas authorized to issue up to 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per ~~share. No~~share, and there were issued and outstanding 600,000 shares of ~~preferred stock had been issued~~9.00% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value per share (the “Series A Preferred Stock”). Generally, the Company is not permitted to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock prior to October 19, 2022, except in limited circumstances relating to the Company’s ability to qualify as a REIT and in certain other circumstances related to a change of ~~September 30, 2017. See Note 11~~control/delisting (as defined in the articles supplementary for ~~further information.~~the Series A Preferred Stock). On or after October 19, 2022, the Company may, at its option, redeem the Series A Preferred Stock, in whole or in part, at any time or from time to time, for cash at a redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus all accrued and unpaid dividends on such Series A Preferred Stock up to, but excluding the redemption date. Holders of the Series A Preferred Stock generally have no voting rights except for limited voting rights if the Company fails to pay dividends for six or more quarterly periods (whether or not consecutive) and in certain other circumstances.

5. Dividends

The following table describes the dividends declared by the Company during the ~~period from June 15, 2016 (date of incorporation) through~~nine months ended September 30, ~~2017:~~2020:

Declaration
Date Amount
Per
Share Period Covered Dividend Payable
Date Dividend Amount
(In thousands)
May 30, 2017 $ 0.15 April 1, 2017 to June 30, 2017 July 14, 2017 $ 525
September 15, 2017 $ 0.15 July 1, 2017 to September 30, 2017 October 13, 2017 $ 525


		Amount			Dividend	Dividend
Declaration Date	Security Class	Per Share		Period Covered	Paid Date	Amount
						(In thousands)
March 13, 2020	Common Stock	$	1.00	January 1, 2020 to March 31, 2020	April 15, 2020	$	17,070
March 13, 2020	Series A preferred stock	$	0.5625	January 15, 2020 to April 14, 2020	April 15, 2020	$	338
June 15, 2020	Common Stock	$	1.06	April 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020	July 15, 2020	$	19,770
June 15, 2020	Series A preferred stock	$	0.5625	April 15, 2020 to July 14, 2020	July 15, 2020	$	338
September 15, 2020	Common Stock	$	1.17	July 1, 2020 to September 30, 2020	October 15, 2020	$	25,987
September 15, 2020	Series A preferred stock	$	0.5625	July 15, 2020 to October 14, 2020	October 15, 2020	$	338

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6. Investments in Real Estate

Acquisitions

The Company acquired the following properties during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 (dollars in thousands):


				Rentable
				Square		Purchase		Transaction
Property	Market	Closing Date		Feet⁽¹⁾		Price		Costs		Total
Green Leaf VA	Virginia		January 15, 2020		82,000	$	11,740	$	73	$	11,813	⁽²⁾
Cresco OH	Ohio		January 24, 2020		50,000		10,600		12		10,612	⁽³⁾
GTI OH	Ohio		January 31, 2020		21,000		2,900		27		2,927	⁽⁴⁾
LivWell CO - Retail Portfolio	Colorado		Various		8,000		3,300		27		3,327	⁽⁵⁾
GTI IL	Illinois		March 6, 2020		231,000		9,000		23		9,023	⁽⁶⁾
Parallel FL	Florida		March 11, 2020		373,000		35,300		26		35,326	⁽⁷⁾
Ascend MA	Massachusetts		April 2, 2020		199,000		26,750		20		26,770	⁽⁸⁾
Cresco MI	Michigan		April 22, 2020		115,000		5,000		16		5,016	⁽⁹⁾
Kings Garden CA	California		May 12, 2020		70,000		17,500		9		17,509
Holistic PA	Pennsylvania		June 10, 2020		108,000		8,870		12		8,882	⁽¹⁰⁾
Cresco MA	Massachusetts		June 30, 2020		118,000		7,750		14		7,764	⁽¹¹⁾
Curaleaf NJ	New Jersey		July 13, 2020		111,000		5,500		59		5,559	⁽¹²⁾
Columbia Care NJ Cultivation	New Jersey		July 16, 2020		50,000		10,220		48		10,268	⁽¹³⁾
Columbia Care NJ Dispensary	New Jersey		July 16, 2020		4,000		2,165		7		2,172
Holistic MI	Michigan		September 1, 2020		63,000		6,200		11		6,211	⁽¹⁴⁾
Parallel FL Lakeland	Florida		September 18, 2020		220,000		19,550		7		19,557	⁽¹⁵⁾
Total					1,823,000	$	182,345	$	391	$	182,736	⁽¹⁶⁾

10(1)

Includes expected rentable square feet at completion of construction of certain properties.

(2)

We agreed to provide reimbursement to the tenant for development at the property of up to approximately $8.0 million, all of which we incurred and funded as of September 30, 2020.

(3)

The tenant is expected to complete redevelopment of the property for which we agreed to provide reimbursement of up to approximately $1.9 million. In June, we amended the lease, which increased the tenant improvement allowance by $1.0 million to a total of approximately $2.9 million. Assuming full payment of the tenant improvement allowance, our total investment in the property will be approximately $13.5 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $148,000 of the redevelopment costs, of which NaN was funded.

(4)

The tenant is expected to complete redevelopment of the property for which we agreed to provide reimbursement of up to $4.3 million. Subsequent to September 30, 2020, on October 1, 2020, we amended this lease to increase the tenant improvement allowance by $25.0 million to a total of $29.3 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $4.4 million of the redevelopment costs, of which we funded approximately $4.3 million.

(5)

The portfolio consists of two retail properties, with one property closing on February 19, 2020 and one property closing on February 21, 2020. The tenant is expected to complete tenant improvements at one of the properties, for which we agreed to provide reimbursement of up to $850,000. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred and funded approximately $49,000 of the redevelopment costs.

(6)

The tenant is expected to complete redevelopment of the property for which we agreed to provide reimbursement of up to $41.0 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $19.6 million of the redevelopment costs, of which we funded approximately $18.5 million.

(7)

The tenant is expected to complete redevelopment of the property for which we agreed to provide reimbursement of up to $8.2 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $3.0 million of the redevelopment costs, of which we funded approximately $2.1 million.

(8)

The tenant is expected to complete redevelopment of the property for which we agreed to provide reimbursement of up to approximately $22.3 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $4.4 million of the redevelopment costs, of which we funded approximately $3.0 million.

(9)

The tenant is expected to complete redevelopment of the property for which we agreed to provide reimbursement of up to $11.0 million. In June, we amended the lease, which increased the tenant improvement allowance by $16.0 million to a total of $27.0 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $596,000 of the redevelopment costs, of which 0 amount was funded.

(10)

The tenant is expected to complete redevelopment of the property for which we agreed to provide reimbursement of up to approximately $6.4 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $4.0 million of the redevelopment costs, of which we funded approximately $2.7 million.

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(11)

The tenant is expected to complete redevelopment of the property for which we agreed to provide reimbursement of up to $21.0 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $59,000 of the redevelopment costs, of which 0 amount was funded.

(12)

The tenant is expected to complete redevelopment of the property for which we agreed to provide reimbursement of up to $29.5 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $8.7 million of the redevelopment costs, of which we funded approximately $5.4 million.

(13)

The tenant is expected to complete redevelopment of the property for which we agreed to provide reimbursement of up to $1.6 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $648,000 of the redevelopment costs, of which 0 amount was funded.

(14)

The tenant is expected to complete redevelopment of the property for which we agreed to provide reimbursement of up to $18.8 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $628,000 of the redevelopment costs, of which 0 amount was funded.

(15)

The tenant is expected to complete redevelopment of the property for which we agreed to provide reimbursement of up to approximately $36.9 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $57,000 of the redevelopment costs, of which 0 amount was funded.

(16)

Approximately $19.4 million was allocated to land and approximately $163.3 million was allocated to buildings and improvements.

The properties acquired during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 generated approximately $778,000 and $15.2 million of rental revenue (including tenant reimbursements), respectively, and approximately $303,000 and $11.0 million of net operating income, respectively, after deducting property and depreciation expenses. The properties acquired during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 generated approximately $1.7 million and $6.6 million of rental revenue (including tenant reimbursements), respectively, and approximately $1.4 and $5.1 million of net operating income, respectively, after deducting property and depreciation expenses.

Lease Amendments

In January 2020, we amended our lease with Green Peak Industries, LLC (“GPI”) which, among other things, canceled the remaining tenant improvement allowance of approximately $15.2 million and adjusted the corresponding base rent. As of September 30, 2020, our total investment in the property was approximately $15.8 million.

In January 2020, we amended our lease with a subsidiary of Vireo Health, Inc. ("Vireo") at one of our Pennsylvania properties, making available an additional $4.5 million in funding for tenant improvements at the property. In April 2020, we amended the lease to decrease the funding for tenant improvements at the property by $300,000. In August 2020, Vireo transferred its ownership interest in the subsidiary tenant at the property to Jushi Holdings Inc. ("Jushi"), and we amended the lease to increase the funding for tenant improvements at the property by $2.0 million. As a result, the total tenant improvement allowance for the property is approximately $10.0 million, and assuming full payment of the allowance, our total investment in the property will be $15.8 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $7.6 million of the redevelopment costs, of which we funded approximately $7.4 million.

In January 2020, we amended our lease with a subsidiary of The Pharm, LLC at one of our Arizona properties, making available an additional $2.0 million in funding for tenant improvements at the property, and making the total tenant improvement allowance $5.0 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred and funded the full amount of the redevelopment costs, making our total investment in the property $20.0 million.

In January 2020, we amended our lease with the tenant of our Sacramento, California property, making available an additional approximately $1.3 million in funding for tenant improvements at the property, and making the total tenant improvement allowance approximately $6.0 million. As of September 30, 2020, we funded the full amount of the redevelopment costs, and our total investment in the property was approximately $12.7 million.

In February 2020, we amended our lease with a subsidiary of Maitri Medicinals, LLC ("Maitri") at one of our Pennsylvania properties, making available an additional $6.0 million in funding for tenant improvements at the property, and making the total tenant improvement allowance $16.0 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $14.3 million of the redevelopment costs, of which we funded approximately $13.6 million.

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In February 2020, we amended our lease and development agreement with a subsidiary of PharmaCann Inc. (“PharmaCann”) at one of our Massachusetts properties, making available an additional $4.0 million in construction funding at the property, with the total construction funding being $27.5 million. We also canceled the optional commitment to provide construction funding of $4.0 million for PharmaCann at one of our Pennsylvania properties. As of September 30, 2020, we funded the full amount of the construction funding, and our total investment in the Massachusetts property was $30.5 million.

In March 2020, we amended our lease with a subsidiary of Holistic Industries Inc. at our Maryland property, making available a $5.5 million tenant improvement allowance at the property. Assuming full payment of the funding, our total investment in the property will be $22.4 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $5.2 million of the redevelopment costs, of which we funded approximately $4.4 million.

In April 2020, we amended our leases with two subsidiaries of Vireo for one of our properties in New York and our property in Minnesota, making available an additional approximately $1.4 million in funding for tenant improvements at the properties in the aggregate, and making the total tenant improvement allowances approximately $10.1 million in the aggregate. Assuming full payment of the funding, our total investment in the property in New York will be approximately $6.8 million and our total investment in the property in Minnesota will be approximately $9.7 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $10.1 million of the tenant improvement allowance, of which we funded approximately $10.0 million.

In response to the coronavirus pandemic and associated severe economic disruption, in April 2020, we amended leases at certain of our properties to provide for temporary base rent and property management fee deferrals through June 30, 2020. Each of the tenants remained responsible for the payment of all other costs under the applicable lease during the deferral period.

6.●

We amended each of our leases with GPI in Michigan to apply a part of GPI's security deposit at each property for payment of the April 2020 base rent and property management fee, defer the base rent and property management fee for May and June 2020, and amortize the replenishment of the security deposit and payment of the base rent and property management fee deferral over an 18 month period commencing on July 1, 2020.

●

We amended our lease with Maitri in Pennsylvania to apply a part of Maitri's security deposit for payment of the April 2020 base rent and property management fee, defer the base rent and property management fee for May and June 2020, and amortize the replenishment of the security deposit and the base rent and property management fee deferral over an 18 month period commencing on July 1, 2020.

●

We amended each of our leases with affiliates of Medical Investor Holdings LLC ("Vertical") in southern California to apply a part of Vertical's security deposit at each property for a partial payment of the March 2020 base rent and property management fee and payment in full of the April 2020 base rent and property management fee, defer the base rent and property management fee for May and June 2020, and amortize the replenishment of the security deposit and payment of the base rent and property management fee deferral over an 18 month period commencing on July 1, 2020.

Pursuant to these amendments, (1) a total of approximately $940,000 of security deposits were applied to the payment of base rent, property management fees and associated lease penalties for March and April 2020, including approximately $185,000 related to the partial payment of base rent and property management fees by Vertical for March 2020; (2) a total of approximately $743,000 in base rent and property management fees were deferred for May 2020; (3) a total of approximately $781,000 in base rent and property management fees were deferred for June 2020; and (4) a total of approximately $52,000 per month in replenishment of security deposits and approximately $85,000 per month in repayments of base rent and property management fee deferrals are required to be paid each month over an 18 month period commencing on July 1, 2020.

In June 2020, we amended our lease and development agreement with a subsidiary of PharmaCann at one of our Illinois properties, making available an additional $3.0 million in construction funding at the property, and making the total available construction funding $10.0 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $8.8 million of the redevelopment costs, of which we funded approximately $8.5 million.

In June 2020, we amended our lease with a subsidiary of Green Leaf Medical, LLC at one of our Pennsylvania properties, making available $30.0 million in funding for tenant improvements at the property. Assuming full payment of the tenant improvement allowance, our total investment in the property will be $43.0 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $592,000 of the tenant improvement allowances, of which NaN was funded.

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In August 2020, we amended our lease with a subsidiary of GR Companies, Inc. (“Grassroots”) at one of our Pennsylvania properties, making available an additional approximately $1.5 million in funding for tenant improvements at the property, and making the total tenant improvement allowance approximately $12.4 million. Assuming full payment of the tenant improvement allowance, our total investment in the property will be approximately $26.6 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $10.7 million of the tenant improvement allowances, of which we funded approximately $10.6 million.

In August 2020, we amended our lease with a subsidiary of Grassroots at one of our Illinois properties, making available an additional $844,000 in funding for tenant improvements at the property, and making the total tenant improvement allowance at the property approximately $18.6 million. Assuming full payment of the tenant improvement allowance, our total investment in the property will be approximately $29.1 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $11.7 million of the tenant improvement allowance, of which we funded approximately $11.2 million.

In August 2020, we amended our lease with a subsidiary of Ascend Wellness Holdings, LLC at one of our Illinois properties, making available an additional $18.0 million in funding for tenant improvements at the property, and making the total tenant improvement allowance at the property $32.0 million. Assuming full payment of the additional funding, our total investment in the property will be $51.0 million. As of September 30, 2020, we incurred approximately $18.7 million of the tenant improvement allowance, of which we funded approximately $14.0 million.

Including all of our properties, during the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we capitalized costs of approximately $215.7 million and funded approximately $210.1 million relating to tenant improvements and construction activities at our properties.

Future contractual minimum rent (including base rent, supplemental base rent (for one of our properties in New York) and property management fees) under the operating leases as of September 30, 2020 for future periods is summarized as follows (in thousands):


Year	Contractual Minimum Rent
2020 (three months ending December 31)	$	35,417
2021		156,817
2022		159,888
2023		164,653
2024		169,567
Thereafter		2,497,606
Total	$	3,183,948

7. Exchangeable Senior Notes

In February 2019, our Operating Partnership issued $143.75 million of 3.75% Exchangeable Senior Notes due 2024 (the "Exchangeable Senior Notes") in a private offering, including the exercise in full of the initial purchasers’ option to purchase additional Notes. The Exchangeable Senior Notes are senior unsecured obligations of our Operating Partnership, are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by us and our Operating Partnership’s subsidiaries and are exchangeable for cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at our Operating Partnership’s option, at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the stated maturity date. The exchange rate for the Exchangeable Senior Notes at September 30, 2020 was 14.94423 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Notes and the exchange price at September 30, 2020 was approximately $66.916 per share of our common stock. The exchange rate and exchange price are subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. The Exchangeable Senior Notes will pay interest semiannually at a rate of 3.75% per annum and will mature on February 21, 2024, unless earlier exchanged or repurchased in accordance with their terms. Our Operating Partnership will not have the right to redeem the Exchangeable Senior Notes prior to maturity, but may be required to repurchase the Exchangeable Senior Notes from holders under certain circumstances.

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Upon our issuance of the Exchangeable Senior Notes, we recorded an approximately $5.8 million discount based on the implied value of the exchange option and an assumed effective interest rate of 4.65%, as well as approximately $5.2 million of initial issuance costs, of which approximately $5.0 million and $200,000 were allocated to the liability and equity components, respectively, based on their relative fair values. Issuance costs allocated to the liability component are being amortized using the effective interest method and recognized as non-cash interest expense over the expected term of the Exchangeable Senior Notes.

The following table details our interest expense related to the Exchangeable Senior Notes (in thousands):



	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Cash coupon	$	1,348	$	1,349	$	4,042	$	3,281
Amortization of debt discount		275		262		816		632
Amortization of issuance cost		238		227		707		549
Total interest expense	$	1,861	$	1,838	$	5,565	$	4,462

The following table details the carrying value of our Exchangeable Senior Notes on our condensed consolidated balance sheets (in thousands):


	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Principal amount	$	143,749	$	143,750
Unamortized discount		(4,063)		(4,878)
Unamortized issuance costs		(3,512)		(4,218)
Carrying value	$	136,174	$	134,654

Accrued interest payable for the Exchangeable Senior Notes was approximately $225,000 as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, and is included in accounts payable and accrued expenses on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

In March 2020, we issued 14 shares of our common stock upon exchange by holders of $1,000 of outstanding principal amount of our Exchangeable Senior Notes.

8. Net Income ~~/ (Loss)~~ Per Share

Grants of restricted stock of the Company and restricted stock units in share-based payment transactions are considered participating securities prior to vesting and, therefore, are considered in computing basic earnings per share under the two-class method. The two-class method is an earnings allocation method for calculating earnings per share when a company’s capital structure includes either two or more classes of common stock or common stock and participating securities. Earnings per basic share under the two-class method is calculated based on dividends declared on common shares and other participating securities (“distributed earnings”) and the rights of participating securities in any undistributed earnings, which represents net income remaining after deduction of dividends accruing during the period. The undistributed earnings are allocated to all outstanding common shares and participating securities based on the relative percentage of each security to the total number of outstanding participating securities. Earnings per basic share represents the summation of the distributed and undistributed earnings per share class divided by the total number of shares.

Through September 30, ~~2017,~~2020, all of the Company’s participating securities received dividends or dividend equivalents at an equal dividend rate per ~~share.~~share or unit. As a result, distributions to participating securities for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2017~~2020 and 2019 have been included in net income ~~/ (loss)~~ attributable to common stockholders to calculate net income ~~/ (loss)~~ per basic and diluted share. ~~For~~We have considered the ~~nine months ended September 30, 2017,~~dilutive effect of the ~~Company incurred a net loss and therefore had distributions in excess of earnings. As such, 108,639 of unvested restricted~~ shares ~~outstanding at September 30, 2017 have been excluded from~~necessary to settle the ~~calculation of net income / (loss) per diluted share~~Exchangeable Senior Notes on the if-exchanged method basis for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2017~~2020 and 2019, and as this effect was anti-dilutive for both periods, these shares necessary to settle the ~~impacts~~Exchangeable Senior Notes were ~~anti-dilutive.~~ excluded from diluted earnings per share.

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Computations of net income ~~/ (loss)~~ per basic and diluted share (in thousands, except share data) were as follows:

Three Months Nine Months
Ended Ended
September 30, September 30,
2017 2017
Net income / (loss) $ 334 $ (679 )
Distributions to participating securities (16 ) (32 )
Net income / (loss) attributable to common stockholders $ 318 $ (711 )

Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted 3,392,508 3,369,308
Net income/(loss) per share attributable to common stockholders - basic and diluted $ 0.09 $ (0.21 )


	For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Net income	$	19,215	$	6,520	$	44,397	$	13,573
Preferred stock dividend		(338)		(338)		(1,014)		(1,014)
Distribution to participating securities		(133)		(109)		(369)		(256)
Net income attributable to common stockholders used to compute net income per share	$	18,744	$	6,073	$	43,014	$	12,303

Weighted average common share outstanding:
Basic		21,594,637		10,918,477		18,315,231		10,088,036
Diluted		21,708,725		11,057,697		18,429,228		10,225,574

Net income attributable to common stockholders per share:
Basic	$	0.87	$	0.56	$	2.35	$	1.22
Diluted	$	0.86	$	0.55	$	2.33	$	1.20

~~Properties~~

On December 19, 2016, we purchased a 127,000 square foot industrial property located in New York from PharmaCann LLC (“PharmaCann”) for approximately $30.0 million (plus approximately $75,000 in transaction costs) in a sale-leaseback transaction. PharmaCann, as tenant, is responsible under the triple-net lease for paying all structural repairs, maintenance expenses, insurance and taxes related to the property. The lease term is 15 years, with two options to extend the term of the lease for two additional five-year periods. The initial base rent of the PharmaCann lease is approximately $319,580 per month, subject to annual increases at a rate based on the higher of (i) 4% or (ii) 75% of the consumer price index, or CPI. The lease also provides that we will receive a property management fee equal to 1.5% of the then-current base rent throughout the term, and supplemental base rent for the first five years of the term of the lease at a rate of $105,477 per month.

On May 26, 2017, we purchased an industrial property located in Maryland, which comprises approximately 72,000 square feet and was under development at the time of our acquisition. The initial purchase price was $8.0 million (plus approximately $185,000 in transaction costs), with an additional $3.0 million payable to the seller upon completion of certain development milestones. Concurrent with the closing of the purchase, we entered into a triple-net lease agreement with Holistic Industries LLC ("Holistic") for use as a medical cannabis cultivation facility. The initial term of the lease is 16 years, with three options to extend the term of the lease for three additional five year periods. The initial annualized base rent, after a three month rent abatement period, is 15% of the sum of the initial purchase price (excluding transaction costs), the additional seller reimbursement and the reimbursed tenant improvements as described below, with 3.25% annual escalations for the initial term of the lease. Holistic is also responsible for paying the Company a 1.5% property management fee of the then-existing base rent under the lease throughout the initial term. Holistic has an option to purchase the property at a qualifying termination event or at the end of the initial lease term and subject to certain conditions, at the option purchase price that is the greater of fair market value or a 7.5% capitalization rate derived from market rental rates for industrial properties in the relevant competitive market.

On August 1, 2017, we paid the additional $3.0 million to the seller upon the seller’s completion of the development milestones at the Maryland property. On September 25, 2017, we amended the lease on our Maryland property with Holistic to, among other things, rescind the $1.9 million rent reserve that we originally established for Holistic under the lease, and to reimburse up to $1.9 million of additional tenant improvements for Holistic, such that a total of $5.9 million is reimbursable by us to Holistic for tenant improvements. In connection with that amendment and in lieu of draws on the previously established rent reserve, Holistic paid to us $205,000 as a stipulated payment for the full base rent and property management fees for amounts from August 26, 2017 (the expiration of the rent abatement period) through September 30, 2017. The personal guaranty by a principal of Holistic, was also amended to guaranty the payment of the base rent and property management fee obligations due under the lease from September 1, 2017 through May 31, 2018. On September 28, 2017, we approved and accrued for Holistic's draw request for reimbursement of the full $5.9 million of tenant improvements and funded that amount on October 2, 2017. As a result, our total investment in the Maryland property was approximately $16.9 million (excluding transaction costs), and, effective as of October 1, 2017, Holistic's annualized base rent is approximately $2.6 million, or approximately $213,760 per month, of which $187,500 is subject to annual escalations of 3.25% for the initial lease term.

9. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Accounting guidance also establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1—Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2—Includes other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.

Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activities, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.

The following table presents the carrying value in the condensed consolidated financial statements and approximate fair value of financial instruments at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:


	September 30, 2020				December 31, 2019
	Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value
Short-term investments⁽¹⁾	$	451,178	$	451,369	$	119,595	$	119,673
Exchangeable Senior Notes ⁽²⁾	$	136,174	$	277,891	$	134,654	$	185,558

(1)

Short-term investments consisting of obligations of the U.S. government with an original maturity at the time of purchase of greater than three months are classified as held-to-maturity and valued using Level 1 inputs.

(2)

The fair value is determined based upon Level 2 inputs as the Exchangeable Senior Notes were trading in the private market.

At September 30, ~~2017,~~2020, cash equivalent instruments consisted of ~~$3.1~~$93.5 million in short-term money market funds that were measured using the net asset value per share that have not been classified using the fair value hierarchy. The fund invests primarily in short-term U.S. Treasury and government securities.

~~The carrying amounts~~ Short-term investments consisting of ~~financial instruments such as cash equivalents invested in certificates~~certificate of ~~deposit, receivables, accounts payable, accrued expenses~~deposits and ~~other liabilities approximate~~obligations of the U.S. government are stated at amortized cost, which approximates their relative fair values due to the short-term maturities and market rates of interest of these instruments.

The carrying amounts of financial instruments such as cash equivalents invested in certificates of deposit, obligations of the U.S. government with an original maturity at the time of purchase of less than or equal to three months, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities approximate their fair values due to the short-term maturities and market rates of interest of these instruments.

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10. Common Stock Incentive Plan

Our board of directors adopted our 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the ~~"2016 Plan"~~“2016 Plan”) to enable us to motivate, attract and retain the services of directors, employees and consultants considered essential to our long-term success. The 2016 Plan offers our directors, employees and consultants an opportunity to own our stock or rights that will reflect our growth, development and financial success. Under the terms of the 2016 Plan, the aggregate number of shares of our common stock subject to options, restricted stock, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units and other awards, will be no more than 1,000,000 shares. The 2016 Plan has a term of ten years from the date it was adopted by our board of directors.

~~A summary of the~~The following table summarizes our restricted stock activity under the 2016 ~~Plan and related information is included in the table below.~~Plan:

Unvested
Restricted
Shares Weighted-
Average Date
Fair Value
Balance at December 31, 2016 66,508 $ 17.47
Granted 109,056 18.68
Balance at March 31, 2017 175,564 18.55
Granted 5,955 17.64
Vested (42,508 ) 18.55
Forfeited (1) (30,372 ) 18.49
Balance at each of June 30, 2017 and September 30, 2017 108,639 $ 18.52


		Weighted-
	Unvested	Average
	Restricted	Date Fair
	Shares	Value
Balance at December 31, 2019	139,546	$	37.03
Granted	15,918	$	75.11
Vested	(45,975)	$	37.01
Forfeited ⁽¹⁾	(28,552)	$	19.72
Balance at March 31, 2020	80,937	$	50.64
Granted	1,139	$	87.82
Vested	(4,675)	$	62.08
Balance at June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2020	77,401	$	50.49

(1)

~~Includes 16,792 shares~~Shares that were forfeited to cover the employees’ tax withholding obligation upon vesting.

~~The~~As of September 30, 2020, the remaining unrecognized compensation cost of ~~$1.5~~$2.4 million relating to restricted stock awards will be recognized over a weighted-average amortization period of approximately ~~2.3 years~~1.6 years.

The following table summarizes our restricted stock unit activity. Restricted stock units have the same economic rights as shares of restricted stock under the 2016 Plan:


	Unvested	Weighted- Average
	Restricted	Date Fair
	Stock Units	Value
Balance at December 31, 2019	0	$	0
Granted	33,954	$	75.11
Balance at March 31, 2020	33,954	$	75.11
Granted	2,733	$	87.82
Balance at June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2020	36,687	$	76.06

As of September 30, 2020, the remaining unrecognized compensation cost of $2.1 million relating to restricted stock units will be recognized over an amortization period of approximately 2.2 years.

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11. Commitments and Contingencies

Office Lease. The future contractual lease payments for our office lease and the reconciliation to the office lease liability reflected in our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, ~~2017.~~2020 is presented in the table below (in thousands):

~~10.~~

~~Commitments and Contingencies~~


Year	Amount
2020 (three months ending December 31)	$	57
2021		235
2022		242
2023		249
2024		256
Thereafter		88
Total future contractual lease payments		1,127
Effect of discounting		(14)
Office lease liability	$	1,113

~~Office Lease~~Tenant Improvement Allowances. As of September 30, ~~2017,~~2020, we had approximately ~~$252,000 outstanding in~~$232.6 million of commitments related to ~~our office lease, with~~tenant improvement allowances, which generally may be requested by the tenants at any time up until a date that is near the expiration of the initial term of the applicable lease. This amount does not include approximately ~~$16,000 expected to~~$10.0 million which may be ~~paid in 2017, approximately $75,000 to be paid in 2018, approximately $89,000 to be paid in 2019 and approximately $72,000 to be paid in 2020.~~

canceled by one tenant at its option.

~~Acquisition~~Construction Funding. As of September 30, 2020, we had approximately $6.9 million of commitments relating to construction funding for the development of one of our properties in Pennsylvania, and ~~Real Estate Related Commitments. See Note 7.~~

for which the tenant has agreed to use commercially reasonable efforts to complete by February 9, 2021.

Environmental ~~Matters~~Matters. . We follow the policy of monitoring our properties, both targeted acquisition and existing properties, for the presence of hazardous or toxic substances. While there can be no assurance that a material environmental liability does not exist, we are not currently aware of any environmental liabilities that would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flow, or that we believe would require disclosure or the recording of a loss contingency.

Litigation.We may, from time to time, be a party to legal proceedings, which arise in the ordinary course of our business. We are not aware of any pending or threatened litigation that, if resolved against us, would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

~~11.~~

~~Subsequent Events~~

On12. Subsequent Events

Lease Amendments Providing for Additional Tenant Improvement Allowances

In October ~~2, 2017,~~2020, we ~~funded~~amended our lease with a subsidiary of Green Thumb Industries Inc. at one of our Ohio properties, making available an additional $25.0 million in funding for tenant improvements at the ~~$5.9 million~~property, and making the total tenant improvement allowance ~~for~~$29.3 million. Assuming full payment of the ~~Maryland property in accordance with the amended lease agreement. See Note 7.~~

On October 19, 2017, we completed an underwritten public offering of 600,000 shares of 9.00% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value per share (the “Series A Preferred Stock”), at a price to the public of $25.00 per share, resulting in gross proceeds of $15.0 million, excluding underwriting discounts and offering costs. Dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock are payable quarterly in arrears on or about the 15^th ~~day of January, April, July and October of each year, with the first dividend scheduled to be paid on January 16, 2018. The Series A Preferred Stock ranks senior to~~tenant improvement allowance, our common stock with respect to dividend rights and rights upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up. The Series A Preferred Stock has no stated maturity date and is not subject to mandatory redemption or any sinking fund. Generally, we are not permitted to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock prior to October 19, 2022, except in limited circumstances relating to our ability to qualify as a REIT and in certain other circumstances related to a change of control (as definedtotal investment in the ~~articles supplementary~~property will be $32.2 million. As of November 5, 2020, we had funded approximately $4.4 million of this tenant improvement allowance.

In October 2020, we amended our lease with GPI at one of our Michigan properties, making available an additional $525,000 in funding for tenant improvements at the ~~Series A Preferred Stock). We expect to use~~property, and making the ~~net proceeds to invest~~total tenant improvement allowance approximately $1.8 million. Assuming full payment of the tenant improvement allowance, our total investment in ~~specialized industrial real estate assets that support~~ the ~~regulated medical-use cannabis cultivation and processing industry and for general corporate purposes.~~

~~On October 23, 2017, we acquired a~~ property ~~in New York for~~will be approximately $3.4 million. As of November 5, 2020, we had funded approximately $1.7 million ~~(excluding transaction costs)~~of this tenant improvement allowance.

In November 2020, we amended our lease and development with PharmaCann at one of our Pennsylvania properties, making available an additional $2.0 million in ~~a sale-leaseback transaction. Upon~~construction funding at the ~~closing,~~property, and making the total construction funding approximately $27.1 million. Assuming full payment of the construction funding, our total investment in the property will be approximately $28.0 million. As of November 5, 2020, we had funded approximately $18.2 million of this construction funding.

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Los Angeles, California Property Update (as of November 5, 2020)

Holistic has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire the retail, distribution, cultivation and manufacturing licenses for cannabis operations from the tenant at our Los Angeles, California property, which is in receivership, and we have negotiated for a long-term, triple-net lease with Holistic for the entire property ~~with a subsidiary~~upon the closing of ~~Vireo Health, LLC,~~Holistic’s acquisition of the licenses. The transaction is subject to ~~operate a medical-use cannabis cultivation~~final government approvals for the transfer of the licenses and ~~processing facility in compliance with applicable state~~customary closing conditions, and ~~local law. The tenant responsible for paying all structural repairs, maintenance expenses, insurance and taxes related to~~we can provide no assurance that the ~~property, and~~transaction, including the lease, ~~provides that we~~ will ~~fund up to $1.0 million as reimbursement~~be completed on the terms described here, or at all.

Rent Collections Update (as of November 5, 2020)

We collected 100% of contractual rent due for ~~future tenant improvements at the property. The initial annual base rent for the property is $660,000, or 15%~~each of the ~~sum~~months of ~~the purchase price~~July, August, September and October 2020 across our total portfolio (other than the tenant ~~improvement allowance made available~~at our Los Angeles, California property that is in receivership), and had not executed rent deferrals for any additional tenants, other than the ~~property, and subject to annual increases at a rate~~three tenants described in Note 6.

Table of 3.5%. We also receive a property management fee under the lease equal to 1.5% of the then-current base rent throughout the term. The initial lease term is 15 years, with two options to extend the term of the lease for two additional five-year periods.Contents

On November 8, 2017 we acquired a property in Minnesota for approximately $3.0 million (excluding transaction costs) in a sale-leaseback transaction. Upon the closing, we entered into a triple-net lease for the entire property with a subsidiary of Vireo Health, LLC, to operate a medical-use cannabis cultivation and processing facility in compliance with applicable state and local law. The tenant responsible for paying all structural repairs, maintenance expenses, insurance and taxes related to the property, and the lease provides that we will fund up to $1.0 million as reimbursement for future tenant improvements at the property. The initial annual base rent for the property is $600,000, or 15% of the sum of the purchase price and the tenant improvement allowance made available for the property, and subject to annual increases at a rate of 3.5%. We also receive a property management fee under the lease equal to 1.5% of the then-current base rent throughout the term. The initial lease term is 15 years, with two options to extend the term of the lease for two additional five-year periods.

ITEM 2. ~~MANAGEMENT'S~~MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report. We make statements in this report that are ~~"forward-looking statements"~~“forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In particular, statements pertaining to our capital resources, portfolio performance and results of operations contain forward-looking statements. Likewise, our statements regarding anticipated growth in our funds from operations and anticipated market and regulatory conditions, our strategic direction, demographics, results of operations, plans and objectives are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve numerous risks and uncertainties, and you should not rely on them as predictions of future events. Forward-looking statements depend on assumptions, data or methods which may be incorrect or imprecise, and we may not be able to realize them. We do not guarantee that the transactions and events described will happen as described (or that they will happen at all). You can identify forward-looking statements by the use of forward-looking terminology such as ~~"believes," "expects," "may," "will," "should," "seeks," "approximately," "intends," "plans," "estimates"~~“believes,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “seeks,” “approximately,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates” or ~~"anticipates"~~“anticipates” or the negative of these words and phrases or similar words or phrases. You can also identify forward-looking statements by discussions of strategy, plans or intentions. The following factors, among others, could cause actual results and future events to differ materially from those set forth or contemplated in the forward-looking statements: the potential adverse effect of the ongoing public health crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic, or any future pandemic, epidemic or outbreak of infectious disease, on our and our tenants’ financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and performance, the real estate market and the global economy and financial markets, including our access to capital markets; economic trends and economic recoveries; our business and investment strategy; our projected operating results; actions and initiatives of the U.S. or state governments and changes to government policies and the execution and impact of these actions, initiatives and policies, including the fact that cannabis remains illegal under federal law; rates of default on leases for our assets; availability of suitable investment opportunities in the medical-use cannabis industry; concentration of our portfolio of assets and limited number of tenants; our understanding of our competition and our potential ~~tenants'~~tenants’ alternative financing sources; the estimated growth in and evolving market dynamics of the medical-use cannabis market; the demand for medical-use cannabis cultivation and processing facilities; the expected medical-use or adult-use cannabis legalization in certain states; shifts in public opinion regarding medical-use cannabis; the additional risks that may be associated with certain of our tenants cultivating and processing adult-use cannabis in our facilities; the state of the U.S. economy generally or in specific geographic areas; ~~economic trends and economic recoveries;~~ our ability to access equity or debt capital; financing rates for our ~~target~~ assets; our expected leverage; changes in the values of our assets; our expected portfolio of assets; our expected investments; interest rate mismatches between our ~~target~~ assets and our borrowings used to fund such investments; changes in interest rates and the market value of our ~~target assets; rates of default on leases for our target~~ assets; the degree to which any interest rate or other hedging strategies may or may not protect us from interest rate volatility; impact of and changes in governmental regulations, tax law and rates, accounting guidance and similar matters; our ability to ~~qualify as a REIT and, once qualified,~~ maintain our qualification as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes; our ability to maintain our exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940; availability of qualified personnel; and market trends in our industry, interest rates, real estate values, the securities markets or the general economy.

The risks included here are not exhaustive, and additional factors could adversely affect our business and financial performance, including factors and risks included in other sections of this report. In addition, we discussed a number of material risks in our Annual Report on Form ~~10-K~~10 K for the ~~period from June 15, 2016 (date of incorporation) through~~year ended December 31, ~~2016, and~~2019, in Part II, Item 1A of our Quarterly ~~Reports~~Report on Form 10-Q for the ~~three months~~quarter ended March 31, ~~2017 and June 30, 2017 under Part II, "Item 1A. Risk Factors."~~2020. Those risks continue to be relevant to our performance and financial condition. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for management to predict all such risk factors, nor can it assess the impact of all such risk factors on our ~~Company's~~Company’s business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statement made by us speaks only of the date on which we make it. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by law. Stockholders and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely on such forward-looking statements when evaluating the information presented in the ~~Company's~~Company’s filings and reports.

The purpose of this ~~Management's~~Management’s Discussion and Analysis ("(“MD~~&A"~~&A”) is to provide an understanding of the ~~Company's~~Company’s consolidated financial condition, results of operations and cash. MD&A is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, the ~~Company's~~Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes.

Overview

As used herein, the terms “we”, “us”, “our” or the “Company” refer to Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc., a Maryland corporation, and any of our subsidiaries, including IIP Operating Partnership, LP, a Delaware limited partnership (the “Operating Partnership”).

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~~Overview~~

~~We were organized in the state of Maryland on June 15, 2016.~~ We are ~~a self-advised Maryland corporation~~an internally-managed REIT focused on the acquisition, ownership and management of specialized ~~industrial~~ properties leased to experienced, state-licensed operators for their regulated medical-use cannabis facilities. ~~We have acquired and intend to continue to acquire our properties through sale-leaseback transactions and third-party purchases.~~ We have leased and expect to continue to lease our properties on a triple-net lease basis, where the tenant is responsible for all aspects of and costs related to the property and its operation during the lease term, including structural repairs, maintenance, taxes and insurance.

We ~~intend to elect and to operate~~were incorporated in Maryland on June 15, 2016. We conduct our business ~~so as to qualify to be taxed as~~through a ~~REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with our taxable year ending December 31, 2017. We conduct all of our operations through our Operating Partnership.~~

~~Emerging Growth Company~~

~~We have elected to be an emerging growth company, as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012,~~traditional umbrella partnership real estate investment trust, or the JOBS Act. An emerging growth company may take advantage of specified reduced reporting requirements and is relieved of certain other significant requirements that are otherwise generally applicable to public companies. As an emerging growth company, among other things:

~~we are exempt from the requirement to obtain an attestation and report from our auditors on the assessment of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act;~~

~~we are permitted to provide less extensive disclosure about our executive compensation arrangements;~~

~~we are not required to give our stockholders non-binding advisory votes on executive compensation or golden parachute arrangements; and~~

~~we have elected to use an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards.~~

We may take advantage of the other provisions for up to five years or such earlier time that we are no longer an emerging growth company. We will cease to be an emerging growth company upon the earliest to occur of: (i) the last day of the first fiscal yearUPREIT structure, in which our ~~annual gross revenues exceed $1.07 billion, (ii)~~properties are owned by our Operating Partnership, directly or through subsidiaries. We are the ~~date that we become a "large accelerated filer" as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, which would occur if the market value~~sole general partner of our ~~common stock~~Operating Partnership and own, directly or through subsidiaries, 100% of the limited partnership interests in our Operating Partnership. As of September 30, 2020, we had 14 full-time employees.

As of September 30, 2020, we owned 63 properties that ~~is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700~~were 99.3% (based on square footage) leased to state-licensed cannabis operators and comprising an aggregate of approximately 5.0 million rentable square feet (including approximately 1.9 million rentable square feet under development/redevelopment) in 16 states, with a weighted-average remaining lease term of approximately 16.2 years. As of September 30, 2020, we had invested approximately $884.5 million in the aggregate (excluding transaction costs) and had committed an additional approximately $267.0 million (including tenant improvements and construction costs accrued but not yet funded as of September 30, 2020) to reimburse certain tenants and sellers for completion of construction and tenant improvements at our properties. These statistics do not include approximately $10.0 million that may be funded in the ~~last business day~~future pursuant to our lease with a tenant at one of our ~~most recently completed second fiscal quarter, or (iii)~~Massachusetts properties, as the ~~date~~tenant at the property may not elect to have us disburse those funds to them and pay us the corresponding base rent on ~~which we have issued more than $1 billion~~those funds. These statistics also treat our Los Angeles, California property as not leased, due to the tenant being in ~~non-convertible debt during the preceding three-year period.~~receivership and its ongoing default in its obligation to pay rent at that location.

Factors Impacting Our Operating Results

Our results of operations are affected by a number of factors and depend on the rental revenue we receive from the properties that we acquire, the timing of lease expirations, general market conditions, the regulatory environment in the medical-use cannabis industry, and the competitive environment for real estate assets that support the regulated medical-use cannabis industry.

Rental Revenues

We receive income primarily from rental revenue generated by the properties that we acquire. The amount of rental revenue depends upon a number of factors, including:

·●

our ability to enter into leases with increasing or market value rents for the properties that we acquire; and

·●

rent collection, which primarily relates to each of our ~~tenant's~~tenant’s financial condition and ability to make rent payments to us on time.

The properties that we acquire consist of real estate assets that support the regulated medical-use cannabis industry. Changes in federal law and current favorable state or local laws in the cannabis industry may impair our ability to renew or re-lease properties and the ability of our tenants to fulfill their lease obligations and could materially and adversely affect our ability to maintain or increase rental rates for our properties.

Conditions in Our Markets

Positive or negative changes in regulatory, economic or other conditions, drought, and natural disasters in the markets where we acquire properties may affect our overall financial performance.

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The current outbreak of the novel coronavirus, or COVID-19, or the future outbreak of any other highly infectious or contagious diseases, could materially and adversely impact or cause disruption to our tenants and their operations, and in turn our performance, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. The extent to which COVID-19 impacts our operations and those of our tenants will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence, including the scope, severity and duration of the outbreak, the actions taken to contain the outbreak or mitigate its impact, and the direct and indirect economic effects of the outbreak and containment measures, among others.

Our tenants’ ability to pay their rent obligations to us depends, in part, on whether our tenants can continue their regulated cannabis operations and the ability and willingness of consumers to visit dispensary businesses. In the large majority of states that have legalized cannabis, state governmental authorities have recognized both medical-use and adult-use cannabis operations, including supply chain activities such as cultivation, processing, distribution and dispensary activities, as “essential businesses”, allowing them to remain open and operational. While laws and practices vary from state to state, state and local governmental authorities and regulated cannabis businesses have taken additional measures to ensure the safety and well-being of employees, patients and consumers, including but not limited to restrictions associated with social distancing requirements and additional levels of protection for medical cannabis patients with more vulnerability to health complications from COVID-19. Despite these measures, cannabis dispensaries may experience declines in customer traffic or may be required to close in response to new government regulatory orders, which could have a significant adverse financial impact on certain of our tenants.

We have undertaken in-depth discussions with each of our tenants as they navigate the COVID-19 pandemic and associated severe economic disruption. In light of those discussions, as of September 30, 2020, we had granted temporary base rent and property management fee deferrals to three affected tenants. In connection with these deferrals, we entered into lease amendments with the three affected tenants to apply a portion of the security deposits that we hold under the leases to pay a portion of the March rent (for one tenant), pay April rent in full, defer rent for May and June in full, and provide for the pro rata repayment of the security deposit and deferred rent over an 18 month time period starting July 1, 2020. Pursuant to these amendments, a total of approximately $940,000 of security deposits were applied to the payment of base rent, property management fees and associated lease penalties for March and April 2020, including approximately $185,000 related to the partial payment of the March 2020 base rent and property management fees for one of the tenants; and a total of approximately $1.5 million in rent was deferred for May and June. See Note 6 in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding these base rent and property management deferrals.

Significant Tenants and Concentrations of Risk

As of September 30, 2020, we owned 63 properties located in 16 states. Many of our tenants are tenants at multiple properties. We seek to manage our portfolio-level risk through geographic diversification and by minimizing dependence on any single property or tenant. At September 30, 2020, one of our properties in Michigan accounted for approximately 5% of our net real estate held for investment. See Note 2 in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the tenants in our portfolio that represented the largest percentage of our total rental revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020.

Competitive Environment

We face competition from a diverse mix of market participants, including but not limited to, other companies with similar business models, independent investors, hedge funds, hard money lenders and other real estate investors, as well as potential tenants (cannabis operators themselves), all of whom may compete with us in our efforts to acquire real estate zoned for cannabis ~~cultivation and production~~ operations. Competition from others may diminish our opportunities to acquire a desired property on favorable terms or at all. In addition, this competition may put pressure on us to reduce the rental rates below those that we expect to charge for the properties that we acquire, which would adversely affect our financial results.

Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses include general and administrative expenses, including personnel costs, stock-based compensation, and legal, accounting, and other expenses related to corporate governance, public reporting and compliance with the various provisions of U.S. securities laws. ~~As we have with the leases at our two properties in New York and Maryland, and subsequently acquired properties, we~~We generally ~~expect to~~ structure our leases so that the tenant is responsible for taxes, maintenance, insurance, and structural repairs with respect to the premises throughout the lease term. Increases or decreases in such operating expenses will impact our overall financial performance.

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Our Qualification as a REIT

We have been organized and ~~we intend to elect, and to~~ operate our business so as to qualify to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax ~~purposes, commencing with our taxable year ending December 31, 2017.~~purposes. Shares of our common stock and Series A Preferred Stock are subject to restrictions on ownership and transfer that are intended, among other purposes, to assist us in qualifying and maintaining our qualification as a REIT. In order for us to qualify as a REIT under ~~the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or~~ the Code, the relevant sections of our charter provide that, subject to certain exceptions, no person or entity may own, or be deemed to own, by virtue of the applicable constructive ownership provisions of the Code, more than 9.8% (in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of the aggregate of our outstanding shares of stock or Series A Preferred Stock or more than 9.8% (in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of our outstanding common stock or any class or series of our outstanding preferred stock.

Results of Operations

Investments in Real Estate

~~We were formed on June 15, 2016. We commenced active~~See Note 6 in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements for information regarding our investments in real estate activity and property portfolio activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

Comparison of the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

The following table sets forth the results of our operations (in thousands):


	For the Three Months				For the Nine Months
	Ended				Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Revenues:
Rental (excluding tenant reimbursements)	$	31,527	$	11,198	$	76,108	$	26,054
Tenant reimbursements		2,800		357		3,695		941
Total revenues		34,327		11,555		79,803		26,995
Expenses:
Property expenses		2,919		357		3,933		941
General and administrative expense		3,339		2,156		9,695		6,667
Depreciation expense		7,646		2,221		19,299		5,054
Total expenses		13,904		4,734		32,927		12,662
Income from operations		20,423		6,821		46,876		14,333
Interest and other income		653		1,537		3,086		3,702
Interest expense		(1,861)		(1,838)		(5,565)		(4,462)
Net income		19,215		6,520		44,397		13,573
Preferred stock dividend		(338)		(338)		(1,014)		(1,014)
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	18,877	$	6,182	$	43,383	$	12,559

Revenues.

Rental. Rental revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased by approximately $20.3 million, or 182%, to approximately $31.5 million, compared to approximately $11.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Approximately $670,000 of the increase in rental revenue was generated by the properties acquired during the three months ended September 30, 2020. The remaining approximately $19.6 million increase in rental revenue was generated by properties we acquired in prior periods, including annual escalations and related rents on ~~December 19, 2016~~amendments which increased the tenant improvement allowances on certain of the leases, and partial repayments of deferrals of rent from three of our tenants in accordance with the ~~acquisition~~rent deferral programs described in Note 6 in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Rental revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased by approximately $50.1 million, or 192%, to approximately $76.1 million, compared to approximately $26.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Approximately $14.4 million of the increase in rental revenue was generated by the properties acquired during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The remaining approximately $35.7 million increase in rental revenue was generated by properties we acquired in prior periods, including annual escalations and related rents on amendments which increased the tenant improvement allowances on certain of the leases, partially offset by the deferrals of rent from three of our ~~first property~~tenants in ~~New York. As~~accordance with the rent deferral programs described in Note 6 in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Rental revenues for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2017, we owned two properties: (1) a 127,000 square foot industrial~~2020 included approximately $379,000 of rent and associated lease penalties received through the drawdown of the security deposit at our Los Angeles, California property ~~located~~where the tenant is in ~~New York, which was purchased~~receivership and defaulted on its lease obligations, in December 2016 for approximately $30.0 million (excluding transaction costs), and (2) a 72,000 square foot industrial property located in Maryland, which was under development when we purchased it in May 2017 for an initial purchase price of approximately $8.0 million (excluding transaction costs), and for which we made an additional paymentaddition to the ~~seller~~drawdown of ~~$3.0 million~~part of the security deposits totaling approximately $940,000 at certain properties leased to three tenants to pay part of the rent and associated lease penalties in ~~August 2017 upon completion~~accordance with the rent deferral programs described in Note 6 in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Tenant Reimbursements. Tenant reimbursements related to reimbursements by tenants for property insurance premiums and property tax paid at certain properties. Tenant reimbursements for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 included approximately $43,000 of ~~certain development milestones. In October 2017, we funded an additional $5.9 million~~reimbursements received through the drawdown of the remaining security deposit at our Los Angeles, California property. The increase in tenant ~~improvements at the Maryland property, resulting in our total investment in the Maryland property being approximately $16.9 million (excluding closing costs).~~

~~As a result of the timing of our formation, initial public offering and active real estate operations, comparative operating results with prior periods are not relevant to a discussion of operations~~reimbursements for both the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2017. We expect revenue~~2020 primarily related to insurance premiums reimbursed to us by tenants relating to our placement of a portfolio-wide insurance policy in July 2020.

Expenses.

Property Expense. Property expense related to property insurance premiums and ~~expenses to~~property taxes paid at certain of our properties, which were reimbursed by the tenants. The increase in ~~future periods as we acquire additional properties.~~

~~Revenues~~.

~~Rental~~~~. Our rental revenues~~property expenses for both the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2017~~2020 primarily related to ~~rent generated from~~insurance costs related to our ~~properties~~placement of a portfolio-wide insurance policy in ~~New York and Maryland. Rent under the lease for the property we acquired in Maryland in May 2017 was subject to an initial rent abatement of three months, which expired on August 26, 2017.~~

~~Expenses~~.

July 2020.

General and Administrative Expense. General and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased by approximately $1.2 million to approximately $3.3 million, compared to approximately $2.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. General and administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2017~~2020 increased by approximately $3.0 million to approximately $9.7 million, compared to $6.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in general and administrative expense for both periods was primarily ~~related~~due to higher compensation to employees, the hiring of additional employees and higher public company costs, travel and occupancy ~~costs for our employees and corporate office.~~costs. Compensation expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2017~~2020 included approximately ~~$173,000~~$841,000 and ~~$1.5~~$2.5 million, respectively, inof non-cash stock-based compensation. Stock-based compensation for equity awards is based on the grant date fair value of restricted stock that was granted to certain of our employees and non-employee members of our board of directors during 2016 and during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, which is recognized over the requisite service period.

~~Severance.~~~~During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we incurred $113,000 in severance expense related to the cessation of employment of one of our executive officers in June 2017.~~

~~Depreciation Expense.~~~~Depreciation~~Compensation expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2017~~2019 included approximately $655,000 and $1.8 million, respectively, of non-cash stock-based compensation.

Depreciation Expense. The increase in depreciation expense was related to depreciation on properties that we acquired and the placement into service of construction and tenant improvements at certain of our properties.

Interest and Other Income.

~~Other~~Interest and other income for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased by approximately $884,000 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019. Interest and other income for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2017~~2020 decreased by approximately $616,000 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decreases in both periods were due to lower interest rates on our interest-bearing investments, partially offset by higher balances of interest bearing investments, resulting from proceeds from our common stock offerings.

Interest Expense. Interest expense related to our Exchangeable Senior Notes issued in February 2019. Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 included approximately $513,000 and $489,000, respectively, of non-cash interest ~~earned on~~expense; and interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 included approximately $1.5 million and $1.2 million, respectively, of non-cash interest expense.

Cash Flows

Comparison of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2020		2019		Change
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	76,578	$	25,086	$	51,492
Net cash used in investing activities		(721,284)		(237,426)		(483,858)
Net cash provided by financing activities		688,464		308,561		379,903
Ending cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash balance		161,074		109,271		51,803

Operating Activities

Cash flows provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were approximately $76.6 million and $25.1 million, respectively. Cash flows provided by operating activities were generally from contractual rent and security deposits from our properties, partially offset by our general and administrative expense.

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Investing Activities

Cash flows used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 were approximately $721.3 million, of which approximately $392.2 million related to the purchases of investments in real estate and funding of a portion of the tenant improvement allowances and construction funding at our properties, and approximately $329.1 million related to net purchases and maturities of short-term investments. Cash flows used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 were approximately $237.4 million, of which approximately $151.4 million primarily related to the purchase of investment in real estate and funding of a portion of the tenant improvement allowances and construction funding at our properties, approximately $500,000 related to deposits to escrow for acquisitions, and the remaining approximately $85.5 million related to the net purchases and maturities of short-term investments.

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities of approximately $688.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was the result of approximately $741.1 million in net proceeds from the follow-on issuances of shares of our common stock, partially offset by dividend payments of approximately $50.5 million to common and preferred stockholders and approximately $2.2 million related to net share settlement of equity awards to pay the required withholding taxes upon vesting of restricted stock for certain employees.

Net cash ~~equivalents.~~

provided by financing activities of approximately $308.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was the result of approximately $138.5 million in net proceeds from the issuance of our Exchangeable Senior Notes, and $185.7 million in net proceeds from the follow-on issuance of shares of our common stock, partially offset by dividend payments of approximately $14.7 million to common and preferred stockholders and approximately $939,000 related to net share settlement of equity awards to pay the required withholding taxes upon vesting of restricted stock for certain employees.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity is a measure of our ability to meet potential cash requirements. We expect to use significant cash to acquire our target properties, fund tenant improvement allowances and construction funding at our properties, pay dividends to our stockholders, make interest payments on our Exchangeable Senior Notes, fund our operations, and meet other general business needs.

Sources and Uses of Cash

~~Through September 30, 2017, we derived most~~We derive all of our revenues from the leasing of our ~~property in New York,~~properties, collecting rental income, which includes operating expense reimbursements, based on contractual arrangements with our ~~tenant. Rent under the lease for the property we acquired in Maryland in May 2017 was subject to an initial rent abatement~~tenants. This source of ~~three months, which expired on August 26, 2017. Revenues for our properties in New York and Maryland represent~~revenue represents our primary source of liquidity to fund our dividends, general and administrative expenses, property development and redevelopment activities, property operating expenses and other expenses incurred related to managing our existing portfolio and investing in additional properties. To the extent additional resources are needed, we expect to fund our investment activity generally through equity or debt issuances either in the public or private markets. Where possible, we also may issue limited partnership interests in our Operating Partnership to acquire properties from existing owners seeking a tax-deferred transaction.

In January 2020, we issued 3,412,969 shares of common stock, including the exercise in full of the underwriters’ option to purchase an additional 445,170 shares, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $239.6 million.

In May 2020, we issued 1,550,648 shares of common stock, including the exercise in full of the underwriter’s option to purchase an additional 202,259 shares, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $114.9 million.

In July 2020, we issued 3,085,867 shares of common stock, including the exercise in full of the underwriters’ option to purchase an additional 402,504 shares, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $248.2 million.

In September 2019, we entered into equity distribution agreements with three sales agents, pursuant to which we may offer and sell from time to time through an “at-the-market” offering program, or ATM Program, up to $250.0 million in shares of our common stock. During the three months ended September 30, 2020, we sold 474,000 shares of our common stock for net proceeds of approximately $58.1 million under the ATM Program, which includes the payment of approximately $1.2 million to one sales agent as commission for such sales. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we sold 1,499,382 shares of our common stock at a weighted average sales price of $94.23 per share for net proceeds of approximately $138.4 million under the ATM Program, which includes the payment of approximately $2.8 million to one sales agent as commission for such sales. As of September 30, 2020, we had approximately $15,000 of our common stock available for future issuance under the ATM Program.

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We have filed an automatic shelf registration statement, which may permit us, from time to time, to offer and sell common stock, preferred stock, warrants and other securities to the extent necessary or advisable to meet our liquidity needs.

We expect to meet our liquidity needs, including for our commitments related to tenant improvement allowances and construction funding described below, through cash on hand, cash flows from operations after payment of dividends and ~~cash flows~~proceeds from ~~sources discussed above.~~sale of equity of the issuance of new debt. We believe that our liquidity and sources of capital are adequate to satisfy our cash requirements. We cannot, however, be certain that these sources of funds will be available at a time and upon terms acceptable to the Company in sufficient amounts to meet its liquidity needs. Our investment guidelines also provide that our aggregate borrowings (secured and unsecured) will not exceed 50% of the cost of our tangible assets at the time of any new borrowing, subject to our board of ~~directors'~~directors’ discretion.

~~Operating Activities~~

Cash flows provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was approximately $1.5 million. Cash flows provided by operating activities were generally from contractual rent from our properties in New York and Maryland, offset by our general and administrative expense and other costs of operating our properties.

~~Investing Activities~~

On May 26, 2017, we purchased one property in Maryland for an initial purchase price of $8.0 million (plus $185,000 in transaction costs). On August 1, 2017, we paid the additional $3.0 million to the seller upon the seller’s completion of the development milestones at the Maryland property. On September 25, 2017, we amended the lease on our Maryland property with Holistic to, among other things, rescind the $1.9 million rent reserve that we originally established for Holistic under the lease, and to reimburse up to $1.9 million of additional tenant improvements for Holistic, such that a total of $5.9 million is reimbursable by us to Holistic for tenant improvements. In addition, on September 28, 2017, we approved Holistic's draw request for reimbursement of the full $5.9 million of tenant improvements and subsequent to September 30, 2017, funded that amount on October 2, 2017. As a result, our total investment in the Maryland property was approximately $16.9 million (excluding transaction costs).

Subsequent to September 30, 2017 on October 23, 2017, we acquired a property in New York for approximately $3.4 million (excluding transaction costs) in a sale-leaseback transaction. Upon the closing, we entered into a triple-net lease for the entire property with a subsidiary of Vireo Health, LLC, to operate a medical-use cannabis cultivation and processing facility in compliance with applicable state and local law. The tenant responsible for paying all structural repairs, maintenance expenses, insurance and taxes related to the property, and the lease provides that we will fund up to $1.0 million as reimbursement for future tenant improvements at the property. The initial annual base rent for the property is $660,000, or 15% of the sum of the purchase price and the tenant improvement allowance made available for the property, and subject to annual increases at a rate of 3.5%. We also receive a property management fee under the lease equal to 1.5% of the then-current base rent throughout the term. The initial lease term is 15 years, with two options to extend the term of the lease for two additional five-year periods.

Also subsequent to September 30, 2017, on November 8, 2017 we acquired a property in Minnesota for approximately $3.0 million (excluding transaction costs) in a sale-leaseback transaction. Upon the closing, we entered into a triple-net lease for the entire property with a subsidiary of Vireo Health, LLC, to operate a medical-use cannabis cultivation and processing facility in compliance with applicable state and local law. The tenant responsible for paying all structural repairs, maintenance expenses, insurance and taxes related to the property, and the lease provides that we will fund up to $1.0 million as reimbursement for future tenant improvements at the property. The initial annual base rent for the property is $600,000, or 15% of the sum of the purchase price and the tenant improvement allowance made available for the property, and subject to annual increases at a rate of 3.5%. We also receive a property management fee under the lease equal to 1.5% of the then-current base rent throughout the term. The initial lease term is 15 years, with two options to extend the term of the lease for two additional five-year periods.

~~Financing Activities~~

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we paid approximately $276,000 of initial stock offering costs, approximately $298,000 related to net share settlement of equity awards to pay the required withholding taxes upon vesting of restricted stock for certain employees, and approximately $525,000 in dividends to common stockholders.

Subsequent to September 30, 2017, on October 19, 2017, we completed an underwritten public offering of 600,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock at a price to the public of $25.00 per share, resulting in gross proceeds of $15.0 million, excluding underwriting discounts and offering costs. Dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock are payable quarterly in arrears on or about the 15^th day of January, April, July and October of each year, with the first dividend scheduled to be paid on January 16, 2018. The Series A Preferred Stock ranks senior to our common stock with respect to dividend rights and rights upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up. The Series A Preferred Stock has no stated maturity date and is not subject to mandatory redemption or any sinking fund. Generally, we are not permitted to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock prior to October 19, 2022, except in limited circumstances relating to our ability to qualify as a REIT and in certain other circumstances related to a change of control (as defined in the articles supplementary for the Series A Preferred Stock). We expect to use the net proceeds to invest in specialized industrial real estate assets that support the regulated medical-use cannabis cultivation and processing industry and for general corporate purposes.

Dividends

The Company is required to pay dividends to its stockholders at least equal to 90% of its taxable income in order to qualify and maintain ~~our~~its qualification as a REIT. We are a newly formed company, and paid our first dividend of $0.15 per share on July 14, 2017 to stockholders of record on June 30, 2017. We paid our second dividend of $0.15 per share on October 13, 2017 to stockholders of record on September 29, 2017, equal to an annual dividend rate of $0.60 per share. The actual dividend payable in the future will be determined by our board of directors based upon the circumstances at the time of declaration and, asAs a result of this distribution requirement, our Operating Partnership cannot rely on retained earnings to fund its ongoing operations to the ~~actual dividend payable in the future may vary from the current rate. The decision~~same extent that other companies whose parent companies are not REITs can. Our ability to ~~declare and~~continue to pay dividends ~~on shares of~~is dependent upon our common stock in the future, as well as the timing, amount and composition of any such future dividends, will be at the sole discretion of our board of directors in light of conditions then existing, including our ability to continue to generate cash flows, ~~earnings, financial condition, capital requirements,~~service any debt ~~maturities,~~obligations we have, including our Exchangeable Senior Notes, and make accretive new investments.

The following table describes the ~~availability~~dividends declared by the Company during the nine months ended September, 2020:


		Amount
Declaration		Per			Dividend
Date	Security Class	Share		Period Covered	Paid Date	Dividend Amount
						(In thousands)
March 13, 2020	Common Stock	$	1.00	January 1, 2020 to March 31, 2020	April 15, 2020	$	17,070
March 13, 2020	Series A preferred stock	$	0.5625	January 15, 2020 to April 14, 2020	April 15, 2020	$	338
June 15, 2020	Common Stock	$	1.06	April 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020	July 15, 2020	$	19,770
June 15, 2020	Series A preferred stock	$	0.5625	April 15, 2020 to July 14, 2020	July 15, 2020	$	338
September 15, 2020	Common Stock	$	1.17	July 1, 2020 to September 30, 2020	October 15, 2020	$	25,987
September 15, 2020	Series A preferred stock	$	0.5625	July 15, 2020 to October 14, 2020	October 15, 2020	$	338

Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of ~~debt~~September 30, 2020 (in thousands):


Payments Due by Year	Exchangeable Senior Notes		Interest		Office Rent		Total
2020 (three months ending December 31)	$	—	$	1,347	$	57	$	1,404
2021		—		5,391		235		5,626
2022		—		5,391		242		5,633
2023		—		5,391		249		5,640
2024		143,749		764		256		144,769
Thereafter		—		—		88		88
Total	$	143,749	$	18,284	$	1,127	$	163,160

Additionally, as of September 30, 2020, we had approximately $232.6 million outstanding in commitments related to tenant improvement allowances, which generally may be requested by the tenants at any time up until a date that is near the expiration of the initial term of the applicable lease and ~~equity capital,~~approximately $6.9 million of commitments relating to construction funding for the development of a property in Pennsylvania, which the tenant has agreed to use commercially reasonable efforts to complete by February 9, 2021. These amounts do not include up to approximately $10.0 million that a tenant at one of our Massachusetts properties may elect to be reimbursed in the future and pay the corresponding base rent. As of September 30, 2020, these amounts had not been requested by the tenants. The commitments discussed in this paragraph are excluded from the table of contractual obligations above, as tenant improvement allowances generally may be requested by the tenants at any time up until a date that is near the expiration of the initial term of the applicable ~~REIT~~lease, and ~~legal restrictions~~tenants also can exercise discretion regarding the timing for requesting reimbursement for construction funding.

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Non-GAAP Financial Information

In addition to the required GAAP presentations, we use certain non-GAAP performance measures as we believe these measures improve the understanding of our operational results. We continually evaluate the usefulness, relevance, limitations, and ~~general overall economic conditions~~calculation of our reported non-GAAP performance measures to determine how best to provide relevant information to the public and ~~other factors.~~thus such reported measures could change.

Funds from Operations and Adjusted Funds from Operations

Funds from operations (“FFO”) and FFO per share are operating performance measures adopted by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, Inc. (“NAREIT”). NAREIT defines FFO as the most commonly accepted and reported measure of a REIT’s operating performance equal to “net income ~~(loss)~~ (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding gains (or losses) from sales of property, plus depreciation and amortization and impairment related to real estate properties, and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures.”

Management believes that net income, ~~(loss),~~ as defined by GAAP, is the most appropriate earnings measurement. However, management believes FFO and FFO per share to be supplemental measures of a REIT’s performance because they provide an understanding of the operating performance of our properties without giving effect to certain significant non-cash items, primarily depreciation expense. Historical cost accounting for real estate assets in accordance with GAAP assumes that the value of real estate assets diminishes predictably over time. However, real estate values instead have historically risen or fallen with market conditions. We believe that by excluding the effect of depreciation, FFO and FFO per share can facilitate comparisons of operating performance between periods. ~~We report~~ FFO and FFO per share ~~because~~are used by management to evaluate the REIT’s operating performance and these measures are ~~observed by management to also be~~ the ~~predominant~~ measures used by the REIT industry and by industry analysts to evaluate ~~REITs and because FFO per share is consistently reported, discussed, and compared by research analysts in their notes and publications about~~ REITs. For these reasons, management has deemed it appropriate to disclose and discuss FFO and FFO per share.

Management believes that ~~AFFO~~adjusted funds from operations (“AFFO”) and AFFO per share are also appropriate supplemental measures of a REIT’s operating performance. We calculate AFFO by adding to FFO certain non-cash ~~and non-recurring~~or infrequent or unpredictable expenses which may impact comparability, consisting of non-cash stock-based compensation expense and ~~severance~~non-cash interest expense.

Our computation of FFO and AFFO may differ from the methodology for calculating FFO and AFFO utilized by other equity REITs and, accordingly, may not be comparable to such REITs. Further, FFO and AFFO do not represent cash flow available for ~~management's~~management’s discretionary use. FFO and AFFO should not be considered as an alternative to net income ~~(loss)~~ (computed in accordance with GAAP) as an indicator of our financial performance or to cash flow from operating activities (computed in accordance with GAAP) as an indicator of our liquidity, nor is it indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs, including our ability to pay dividends or make distributions. FFO and AFFO should be considered only as supplements to net income ~~(loss)~~ computed in accordance with GAAP as measures of operations.

The table below is a reconciliation of net income ~~/ (loss)~~attributable to common stockholders to FFO and AFFO for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2017 (In~~2020 and 2019 (in thousands, except share and per share amounts).:


	For the Three Months				For the Nine Months
	Ended				Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	18,877	$	6,182	$	43,383	$	12,559
Real estate depreciation		7,646		2,221		19,299		5,054
FFO attributable to common stockholders		26,523		8,403		62,682		17,613
Stock-based compensation		841		655		2,488		1,841
Non-cash interest expense		513		489		1,521		1,181
AFFO attributable to common stockholders	$	27,877	$	9,547	$	66,691	$	20,635
FFO per share – basic	$	1.23	$	0.77	$	3.42	$	1.75
FFO per share – diluted	$	1.22	$	0.76	$	3.40	$	1.72
AFFO per share – basic	$	1.29	$	0.87	$	3.64	$	2.05
AFFO per share – diluted	$	1.28	$	0.86	$	3.62	$	2.02
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic		21,594,637		10,918,477		18,315,231		10,088,036
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted		21,708,725		11,057,697		18,429,228		10,225,574

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For the Three
Months Ended
September 30,
2017 For the Nine
Months Ended
September 30,
2017
Net income / (loss) $ 334 $ (679 )
Depreciation 217 553
FFO 551 (126 )
Stock-based compensation 173 1,548
Severance - 113
AFFO $ 724 $ 1,535
FFO per common share – basic and diluted $ 0.16 $ (0.04 )
AFFO per common share – basic $ 0.21 $ 0.46
AFFO per common share – diluted $ 0.21 $ 0.44
Weighted-average common shares outstanding-basic 3,392,508 3,369,308
Weighted-average common shares outstanding-diluted 3,501,147 3,509,166

Critical Accounting Policies

Our ~~condensed~~ consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP, which require us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the ~~condensed~~ consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates and assumptions. Set forth below is a summary of our accounting policies that we believe are critical to the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements. Our accounting policies are more fully discussed in Note 2 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Acquisition of Rental Property, Depreciation and Impairment

In order to prepare our condensed consolidated financial statements according to the rules and guidelines set forth by GAAP, many subjective judgments must be made with regard to critical accounting policies. One of these judgments is our estimate for useful lives in determining depreciation expense for our properties. DepreciationWe depreciate each of our buildings ~~is computed using the straight-line method~~and improvements over anits estimated remaining useful life, ~~of 35 years, which we believe is an appropriate estimate of useful life. Depreciation of~~not to exceed 40 years. We depreciate tenant improvements at our buildings ~~is computed using~~where we are considered the ~~straight-line method~~owner over the ~~shorter of its~~ estimated useful ~~life or~~lives of the improvements, which may not be limited by the terms of the related leases. ~~If we use a shorter or longer estimated useful life, it could have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations.~~

~~Management must make significant assumptions in determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed.~~ Upon acquisition of a property, we allocate the purchase price based upon the relative fair values of all assets acquired and liabilities assumed. ~~Acquisition~~For transactions that are an asset acquisition, acquisition costs are capitalized as incurred. ~~The acquisitions~~All of our ~~property in New York and our property in Maryland were each~~acquisitions to date have been recorded as an asset ~~acquisition.~~acquisitions.

~~Another significant judgment must be made as to if,~~We review current activities and ~~when, impairment losses should be taken on~~changes in the business conditions of all of our properties ~~when~~to determine the existence of any triggering events or impairment indicators requiring an impairment analysis. If triggering events or impairment indicators are identified, we review an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows for the properties, including, if necessary, a ~~change in circumstances~~probability-weighted approach if multiple outcomes are under consideration.

Long-lived assets are individually evaluated for impairment when conditions exist that may indicate that the carrying amount of ~~the~~a long-lived asset may not be recoverable. ~~A provision~~The carrying amount of a long-lived asset to be held and used is ~~made for impairment~~not recoverable if ~~estimated future operating~~it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows ~~(undiscounted~~expected to result from the use and ~~without interest charges) plus estimated~~eventual disposition ~~proceeds (undiscounted) are less than the current book value~~ of the ~~property. Key inputs that we utilize~~asset. Impairment indicators or triggering events for long-lived assets to be held and used are assessed by project and include significant fluctuations in ~~this analysis include projected~~estimated net operating income, occupancy changes, significant near-term lease expirations, current and historical operating and/or cash flow losses, construction costs, estimated completion dates, rental rates, ~~estimated holding periods, capital expenditures,~~ and other market factors. We assess the expected undiscounted cash flows based upon numerous factors, including, but not limited to, construction costs, available market information, current and historical operating results, known trends, current market/economic conditions that may affect the property, ~~sales capitalization rates. If a property is held for sale, it is carried at~~and our assumptions about the lower of carrying cost or estimated fair value, less estimated cost to sell. The carrying value of our real estate is anticipated to be the largest component of our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Our strategy of primarily holding properties, long-term, directly decreases the likelihood of their carrying values not being recoverable, thus requiring the recognition of an impairment. However, if our strategy, or one or moreuse of the ~~above assumptions were to change in the future,~~asset, including, if necessary, a probability-weighted approach if multiple outcomes are under consideration. Upon determination that an impairment ~~may need to be recognized. If events should occur that require us~~has occurred, a write-down is recognized to reduce the carrying ~~value~~amount to its estimated fair value. We may adjust depreciation of ~~our real estate by recording provisions for impairment, they could have a material impact on our consolidated results~~properties that are expected to be disposed of ~~operations.~~or redeveloped prior to the end of their useful lives.

Revenue Recognition and Accounts Receivable

Our leases ~~and future tenant leases~~ are ~~generally expected to be~~ triple-net leases, an arrangement under which the tenant ~~is responsible~~maintains the property while paying us rent. We account for ~~all aspects~~our current leases as operating leases and record revenue for each of ~~and costs related~~our properties on a cash basis due to the ~~property~~uncertain regulatory environment in the United States relating to the regulated cannabis industry and ~~its operation during~~ the lease term, including structural repairs, maintenance, taxes and insurance. We anticipate that all leases will be accounted for as operating leases. Under this method, leases that have fixed and determinable rent increases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, unless theuncertainty of collectability of ~~minimum~~ lease payments ~~is not reasonably predictable.~~from each tenant due to its limited operating history. Contractually obligated reimbursements from tenants for recoverable real estate taxes and operating expenses ~~will be~~are included in ~~tenant reimbursements~~rental revenue in the period when such costs are ~~incurred.~~reimbursed by the tenants. Contractually obligated real estate taxes that are paid directly by the tenant to the tax authorities are not reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Exchangeable Notes

The “Debt with Conversion and Other Options” Topic of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification requires the liability and equity components of exchangeable debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon exchange, including partial cash settlement, to be separately accounted for in a manner that reflects the issuer’s nonexchangeable debt borrowing rate. The initial proceeds from the sale of our Exchangeable Senior Notes were allocated between a liability component and an equity component in a manner that reflects interest expense at the rate of similar nonexchangeable debt that could have been issued at such time. The equity component represents the excess initial proceeds received over the fair value of the liability component of our Exchangeable Senior Notes as of the date of issuance. We ~~recognize an allowance for doubtful accounts relating~~measured the estimated fair value of the debt component of our Exchangeable Senior Notes as of the date of issuance based on our estimated nonexchangeable debt borrowing rate with the assistance of a third-party valuation specialist as we do not have a history of borrowing arrangements and there is limited empirical data available related to accounts receivable for amounts deemed uncollectible. We consider tenant specific issues, such as financial stability and ability to pay, when determining collectability of accounts receivable and appropriate allowances to record. We record revenue for our properties on a cash basisthe Company’s industry due to the regulatory uncertainty of ~~collectability~~the cannabis market in which the Company’s tenants operate. The equity component of our Exchangeable Senior Notes is reflected within additional paid-in capital on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, and the resulting debt discount is amortized over the period during which the Exchangeable Senior Notes are expected to be outstanding (through the maturity date) as additional non-cash interest expense. The additional non-cash interest expense attributable to our Exchangeable Senior Notes will increase in subsequent periods through the maturity date as the Exchangeable Senior Notes accrete to the par value over the same period.

Lease Accounting

As lessor for each of our real estate transactions involving the leaseback of the related property to the seller or affiliates of the seller, we determine whether these transactions qualify as sale and leaseback transactions under the accounting guidance. For these transactions, we consider various inputs and assumptions including, but not necessarily limited to, lease terms, renewal options, discount rates, and other rights and provisions in the purchase and sale agreement, lease and other documentation to determine whether control has been transferred to the Company or remains with the lessee. A transaction involving a sale leaseback will be treated as a purchase of a real estate property if it is considered to transfer control of the underlying asset from the lessee. A lease will be classified as direct-financing if risks and rewards are conveyed without the transfer of control. Otherwise, the lease is treated as an operating lease. These criteria also include estimates and assumptions regarding the fair value of the leased facilities, minimum lease payments, the economic useful life of the facilities, the existence of a purchase option, and certain other terms in the lease agreements. The lease accounting guidance requires accounting for a transaction as a financing in a sale leaseback when the seller-lessee is provided an option to purchase the property from the ~~tenants due~~landlord at the tenant’s option. All of our leases are classified as operating leases. Our tenant reimbursable revenue and property expenses are presented on a gross basis as rental revenue and as property expenses, respectively, on our condensed consolidated statements of income.

One of our leases that was entered into prior to ~~their lack~~2019 provides the lessee with a purchase option to purchase the leased property at the end of ~~operating history.~~the initial lease term in September 2034. The purchase option provision allows the lessee to purchase the leased property at the greatest of (a) the fair value; (b) the value determined by dividing the then-current base rent by 8%; and (c) an amount equal to our gross investment in the property (including the purchase price at acquisition and any additional investment in the property made by us during the term of the lease), indexed to inflation. At September 30, 2020, our gross investment in the property with the purchase option was approximately $30.5 million. At September 30, 2020, the purchase option was not exercisable.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation for equity awards is based on the grant date fair value of the equity instrument and is recognized over the requisite service period. If awards are forfeited prior to vesting, we reverse any previously recognized expense related to such awards in the period during which the forfeiture occurs and reclassify any non-forfeitable dividends previously paid on these awards from retained earnings to compensation expense. Forfeitures are recognized as incurred.

Income Taxes

We have been organized ~~and we intend to elect, and~~ to operate our business so as to qualify to be taxed as a REIT, for U.S. federal income tax ~~purposes, commencing with our taxable year ending December 31, 2017.~~purposes. Under the REIT operating structure, we are permitted to deduct dividends paid to our stockholders in determining our taxable income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As long as our dividends equal or exceed our taxable net income, we generally will not be required to pay U.S. federal income tax on such income.

~~Adoption~~ As we intend to maintain dividends at a level sufficient to meet the REIT distribution requirements, we will continue to evaluate whether the current levels of ~~New or Revised Accounting Standards~~distribution are sufficient to do so throughout 2020.

~~As an "emerging growth company" under the JOBS Act, we can take advantage~~Table of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an "emerging growth company" can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. An "emerging growth company" may opt out of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. A decision to opt out, however, is irrevocable. We have elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, we can adopt the standard for the private company. This may make comparison of our financial statements with a public company that either is not an "emerging growth company" or is an "emerging growth company" that has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible as different or revised accounting standards may be used.Contents

Impact of Real Estate and Credit Markets

In the commercial real estate market, property prices generally continue to fluctuate. Likewise, during certain periods, the U.S. credit markets have experienced significant price volatility, dislocations, and liquidity disruptions, which may impact our access to and cost of capital. We continually monitor the commercial real estate and U.S. credit markets carefully and, if required, will make decisions to adjust our business strategy accordingly.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no unconsolidated investments or any other off-balance sheet arrangements.

Interest Rate Risk

~~We have not issued any debt and have no debt~~As of September 30, 2020, we had approximately $143.75 million of Exchangeable Senior Notes outstanding ~~so we are not exposed to~~at a fixed interest rate, ~~changes. At this time, we have no plans to issue debt instruments.~~and therefore, if interest rates decline, our required payments may exceed those based on current market rates. It is possible that a property we acquire in the future would be subject to a mortgage, which we may assume.

Impact of Inflation

We ~~intend to~~ enter into leases that generally provide for limited increases in rent as a result of increases in the ~~CPI (typically subject to ceilings)~~U.S. Consumer Price Index or fixed increases. We expect these lease provisions to result in rent increases over time. During times when inflation is greater than increases in rent, as provided for in the leases, rent increases may not keep up with the rate of inflation.

Seasonality

WeOur business has not been, and we do not expect our business in the future to be, subject to material seasonal fluctuations.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Our Exchangeable Senior Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 3.75% per annum until maturity and are the only debt we have outstanding.

~~Not applicable.~~Our investments in short-term money market funds, certificates of deposit and short-term investments in obligations of the U.S. government with an original maturity at the time of purchase of greater than three months are less sensitive to market fluctuations than a portfolio of long-term securities. Accordingly, we believe that a significant change in interest rates would not have a material effect on consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our principal executive and financial officers, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures in ensuring that the information required to be disclosed in our filings under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the ~~SEC's~~SEC’s rules and forms, including ensuring that such information is accumulated and communicated to our ~~company's~~Company’s management, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on such evaluation, our principal executive and financial officers have concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, ~~2017~~2020 (the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report).

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our system of internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, ~~2017~~2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We may, from time to time, be a party tolegalproceedings, which arise in the ordinary course of our business. We are not aware of any pending or threatened litigation that, if resolved against us, would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, ~~"Item~~“Item 1A. Risk ~~Factors"~~Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the ~~period from June 15, 2016 (date of incorporation) through~~year ended December 31, ~~2016, as updated~~2019, and in Part II, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Quarterly ~~Reports~~Report on Form 10-Q for the ~~three months~~quarter ended March 31, ~~2017 and June 30, 2017,~~2020, which could materially affect our business, financial condition and/or results of operations. Except to the extent additional factual information disclosed elsewhere in these Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q relates to such risk factors, there have been no material changes to the risk factors described in the ~~"Risk Factors" section~~“Risk Factors” sections in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for ~~the period from June 15, 2016 (date of incorporation) through~~year ended December 31, ~~2016, as updated in Part II, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our~~2019 and Quarterly ~~Reports~~Report on Form 10-Q for the ~~three months~~quarter ended March 31, ~~2017 and June 30, 2017.~~2020. The risks as described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q are not the only risks facing our ~~company.~~Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or results of operations.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

~~Use of Proceeds from Registered Securities~~

On November 30, 2016, our registration statement on Form S-11/A (File No. 333-214148) was declared effective for our initial public offering, pursuant to which we registered and sold 3,350,000 shares of Class A common stock at a public offering price of $20.00 per share, resulting in net proceeds to the Company of approximately $61.1 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and our offering expenses.

As of November 9, 2017, (1) approximately $30.1 million (including transaction costs) of the net proceeds have been used to acquire our property in New York from PharmaCann LLC; (2) approximately $17.1 million (including transaction costs) of the net proceeds have been used to acquire our property in Maryland and reimburse the seller for certain development costs and tenant improvements; (3) approximately $4.5 million (including estimated transaction costs) of the net proceeds have been used to acquire our property in New York from a subsidiary of Vireo Health, LLC, including $1.0 million made available to the tenant to fund future tenant improvements at the property; and (4) approximately $4.1 million (including estimated transaction costs) of the net proceeds have been used to acquire our property in Minnesota from a subsidiary of Vireo Health, LLC, including $1.0 million made available to the tenant to fund future tenant improvements at the property. We intend to invest the remaining net proceeds in specialized industrial real estate assets that support the regulated medical-use cannabis industry that are consistent with our investment strategy and for general corporate purposes.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

~~Exhibit~~ ~~Number~~
Exhibit Number		Description of Exhibit
3.1*		Second Articles of Amendment and Restatement of Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc. (including Articles Supplementary Classifying Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc.'s 9.00% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock).
~~10.1~~ 10.1*		First Amendment dated ~~September 25, 2017~~November 1, 2020 to Lease Agreement dated ~~as of May 26, 2017,~~August 9, 2019 between ~~IIP-MD 1~~IIP-PA 4 LLC and ~~Holistic Industries~~PharmaCann Penn Plant, LLC.~~(1)~~
31.1* 10.2*		First Amendment dated November 1, 2020 to Development Agreement dated August 9, 2019 between IIP-PA 4 LLC, IIP Operating Partnership, LP and PharmaCann Penn Plant, LLC.
31.1*		Certifications of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*		Certifications of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1*		Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS* 101INS*		Inline XBRL Instance ~~Document.~~Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104*		Cover Page Interactive Date File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

* Filed herewith.

~~Filed herewith.~~

~~(1)~~

~~Incorporated herein by reference to Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 25, 2017.~~

Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, hereunto duly authorized.

~~INNOVATIVE INDUSTRIAL PROPERTIES, INC.~~


INNOVATIVE INDUSTRIAL PROPERTIES, INC.


By:	/s/ Paul Smithers
Paul Smithers
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)

~~By:~~


By:	/s/ Catherine Hastings
Catherine Hastings
Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

~~Dated November 9, 2017~~

Dated November 5, 2020

	~~PART I~~

Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	3
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of ~~Operations~~Income	4
	Condensed Consolidated ~~Statement~~Statements of ~~Stockholders'~~Stockholders’ Equity	5
	Condensed Consolidated ~~Statement~~Statements of Cash Flows	6
	Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	7
Item 2.	~~Management's~~Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	15 21
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	23 31
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	23 31


Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	32
Item 1A.	~~PART II~~Risk Factors	32

~~Item 1.~~	~~Legal Proceedings~~	23
~~Item 1A.~~	~~Risk Factors~~	23
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	24 32
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	24 32
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	24 32
Item 5.	Other Information	24 32
Item 6.	Exhibits	24 33

	September 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
Assets
Real estate, at cost:
Land	$	10,385		$	7,600
Buildings and improvements		30,885			22,475
Tenant improvements		5,901			—
Total real estate, at cost		47,171			30,075
Less accumulated depreciation		(579	)		(27	)
Net real estate held for investment		46,592			30,048
Cash and cash equivalents		22,204			33,003
Deposits and other assets, net		1,347			276
Total assets	$	70,143		$	63,327
Liabilities and stockholders' equity
Tenant improvements payable	$	5,900		$	—
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		608			70
Dividends payable		525			—
Offering cost liability		190			276
Rents received in advance and tenant security deposits		2,960			2,542
Total liabilities		10,183			2,888
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7 and 10)
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, 50,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016		—			—
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 50,000,000 shares and no shares authorized, and 3,501,147 shares and no shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively		4			—
Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share, no shares and 49,000,000 shares authorized, and no shares and 3,416,508 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively		—			3
Class B common stock, par value $0.001 per share, no shares and 1,000,000 shares authorized, and no shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively		—			—
Additional paid-in capital		65,027			64,828
Accumulated deficit		(5,071	)		(4,392	)
Total stockholders' equity		59,960			60,439
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	70,143		$	63,327

	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2017		For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
Revenues:
Rental	$	1,495	$	4,074
Tenant reimbursements		64		64
Total revenues		1,559		4,138
Expenses:
Property expenses		64		64
General and administrative		983		4,204
Severance		—		113
Depreciation		217		553
Total expenses		1,264		4,934
Income / (loss) from operations		295		(796	)
Other income		39		117
Net income / (loss)	$	334	$	(679	)
Net income / (loss) per share (basic and diluted)	$	0.09	$	(0.21	)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted		3,392,508		3,369,308
Dividends declared per common share	$	0.15	$	0.30

	Shares of Common Stock			Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders' Equity
Balance, December 31, 2016		3,416,508		$	3		$	64,828		$	(4,392	)	$	60,439
Net loss		—			—			—			(679	)		(679	)
Reclassification of Class A and Class B common stock to common stock			*			*		—			—			—
Common stock dividends		—			—			(1,050	)		—			(1,050	)
Net issuance of unvested restricted stock		84,639			1			(299	)		—			(298	)
Stock-based compensation		—			—			1,548			—			1,548
Balance, September 30, 2017		3,501,147		$	4		$	65,027		$	(5,071	)	$	59,960

Operating activities
Net loss	$	(679	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation		553
Amortization of stock-based compensation awards		1,548
Changes in assets and liabilities
Deposits and other assets, net		(882	)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		538
Security deposit		418
Net cash provided by operating activities		1,496
Investing activities
Purchases of investments in real estate		(11,185	)
Capital expenditures		(11	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(11,196	)
Financing activities
Initial public offering costs		(276	)
Dividends paid to common stockholders		(525	)
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards		(298	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(1,099	)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(10,799	)
Cash and cash equivalents, December 31, 2016		33,003
Cash and cash equivalents, September 30, 2017	$	22,204

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities
Accrual for common stock dividend declared	$	525
Accrual for offering costs		190
Accrual for tenant improvements		5,900

Year	Contractual Minimum Rent
2017 (three months ending December 31)	$	1,953
2018		7,964
2019		8,201
2020		8,448
2021		8,661
Thereafter		96,151
Total	$	131,378

Declaration Date	Amount Per Share		Period Covered	Dividend Payable Date	Dividend Amount
					(In thousands)
May 30, 2017	$	0.15	April 1, 2017 to June 30, 2017	July 14, 2017	$	525
September 15, 2017	$	0.15	July 1, 2017 to September 30, 2017	October 13, 2017	$	525

	Three Months			Nine Months
	Ended			Ended
	September 30,			September 30,
	2017			2017
Net income / (loss)	$	334		$	(679	)
Distributions to participating securities		(16	)		(32	)
Net income / (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	318		$	(711	)

Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted		3,392,508			3,369,308
Net income/(loss) per share attributable to common stockholders - basic and diluted	$	0.09		$	(0.21	)

	Unvested Restricted Shares			Weighted- Average Date Fair Value
Balance at December 31, 2016		66,508		$	17.47
Granted		109,056			18.68
Balance at March 31, 2017		175,564			18.55
Granted		5,955			17.64
Vested		(42,508	)		18.55
Forfeited (1)		(30,372	)		18.49
Balance at each of June 30, 2017 and September 30, 2017		108,639		$	18.52