UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

____________________

Form 10-Q

_____________________

Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended January 31, 20182019

Commission file number:0-13301000-13301

_______________________

RF INDUSTRIES, LTD.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(858) 549-6340

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YesxNoo¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files.) YesxNoo¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.o¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes o¨No x

The number of shares of the issuer’s Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding as of March 8, 20187, 2019 was 8,974,297.9,356,935.

Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1: Financial Statements

RF INDUSTRIES, LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 1: Financial Statements (continued)

RF INDUSTRIES, LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 1: Financial Statements (continued)

RF INDUSTRIES, LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(UNAUDITED)

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 1: Financial Statements (continued)

RF INDUSTRIES, LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

(In thousands, except share amounts)

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 1: Financial Statements (continued)

RF INDUSTRIES, LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

(In thousands)

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

RF INDUSTRIES, LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1 - Unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of RF Industries, Ltd. and its divisions and threetwo wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, hereinafter the “Company”) have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, which are normal and recurring, have been included in order to make the information not misleading. Information included in the consolidated balance sheet as of October 31, 20172018 has been derived from, and certain terms used herein are defined in, the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company as of October 31, 20172018 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Form 10-K”) for the year ended October 31, 20172018 that was previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Operating results for the three monthmonths ended January 31, 20182019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending October 31, 2018.2019. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2017.2018.

Principles of consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of RF Industries, Ltd., and its two wholly-owned subsidiaries, Cables Unlimited, Inc. (“Cables Unlimited”), Comnet Telecom Supply, Inc. (“Comnet”), and Rel-Tech Electronics, Inc. (“Rel-Tech”), wholly-owned subsidiaries of RF Industries, Ltd.. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Reclassifications

Certain amounts in the prior period condensed consolidated financial statements and notes have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation of continuing operations and discontinued operations (see Note 2). These reclassifications had no effect on reported consolidated net income.

Revenue recognition

Four basic criteria must

On November 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contacts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASC 606”) applying the modified retrospective method. The core principle of ASC 606 is that revenue should be met before revenue canrecorded in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be recognized: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurredentitled in exchange for goods or services rendered;promised to customers. Under ASC 606, the Company follows a five-step model to: (1) identify the contract with our customer; (2) identify our performance obligations in our contract; (3) determine the feetransaction price for our contract; (4) allocate the transaction price to our performance obligations; and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) each performance obligation is fixed and determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured. Thesatisfied. In accordance with this accounting principle, the Company recognizes revenue from product salesusing the output method at a point in time when finished goods have been transferred to the customer and there are no other obligations to customers after purchase ordersthe title of the goods have transferred. Title of goods are received that contain a fixed price andtransferred based on shipping terms for each customer – for shipments with terms of FOB Shipping Point, revenuetitle is recognizedtransferred upon shipment,shipment; for shipments with terms of FOB Destination, revenuetitle is recognizedtransferred upon delivery and revenue from services is recognized when services are performed, and the recovery of the consideration is considered probable.delivery.

Recent accounting standards

Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted:

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases. This ASU requires lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets related to the rights and obligations created by those leases. The ASU also requires additional qualitative and quantitative disclosures related to the nature, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this new standard will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other, which simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairments by eliminating step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Instead, if “the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss shall be recognized in an amount equal to that excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.” The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this new standard will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

Recently issued accounting pronouncements adopted:

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.ASC 606. This guidance will supersedesuperseded Topic 605, Revenue Recognition, in addition to other industry-specific guidance, once effective.guidance. The new standard requires a company to recognize revenue in a manner that depicts the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services.  In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Deferral of the Effective Date, as a revision to ASU 2014-09, which revised the effective date to fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted but not prior to periods beginning after December 15, 2016 (i.e., the original adoption date per ASU 2014-09). In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Principal versus Agent Considerations, which clarifies certain aspects of the principal-versus-agent guidance, including how an entity should identify the unit of accounting for the principal versus agent evaluation and how it should apply the control principle to certain types of arrangements, such as service transactions. The amendments also reframe the indicators to focus on evidence that an entity is acting as a principal rather than as an agent. In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing, which clarifies how an entity should evaluate the nature of its promise in granting a license of intellectual property, which will determine whether it recognizes revenue over time or at a point in time. The amendments also clarify when a promised good or service is separately identifiable (i.e., distinct within the context of the contract) and allow entities to disregard items that are immaterial in the context of a contract. TheOn November 1, 2018, the Company continues to assessadopted ASC 606 applying the impact this new standard may have on its ongoing financial reporting.modified retrospective method. The Company has identifiedperformed a review of ASC 606 as compared to its previous accounting policies for our product revenue streams both by contract and product type and is assessing each for potential impacts. For the revenue streams assessed, the Company doesdid not anticipate aidentify any material impact in the timing or amount of revenue recognized. 

In January 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwillto revenue. Therefore, there was no adjustment to retained earnings for a cumulative effect. The necessary changes to business processes and Other, which simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairments by eliminating step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Instead, if “the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss shall be recognized in an amount equalcontrols to that excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.” The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this new standard will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

Recently issued accounting pronouncements adopted:

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation. The new standard modified several aspects of the accountingeffectively review and reporting for employee share-based payments and related tax accounting impacts, including the presentation in the statements of operations and cash flows of certain tax benefits or deficiencies and employee tax withholdings, as well as the accounting for award forfeitures over the vesting period. One provision within this pronouncement requires that excess income tax benefits and tax deficiencies related to share-based payments be recognized within income tax expense in the statement of income, rather than within additional paid-in capital on the balance sheet. The Company adopted this provision in the first quarter of fiscal 2018. The adoption of this provision was applied prospectively. The impact to the Company's results of operations related to this provision in the first quarter of fiscal 2018 was an increase in the benefit for income taxes of $19,000, and a 3.5% lower effective tax rate than if the standard had not been adopted. The impact of this provision on the Company's future results of operations will depend in part on the market prices for the Company's shares on the dates there are taxable events related to share awards, but is not expected to be material. In connection with another provision within this pronouncement, the Company has elected to account for forfeitures as they occur rather than estimate expected forfeitures, with the change being applied prospectively. The adoption ofany new contracts under this and other provisions within the pronouncement did notstandard have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.been implemented.

Note 2 - Discontinued operations

On October 31, 2018, the Company sold all of the assets and liabilities of its subsidiary, Comnet Telecom Supply (“Comnet”), to RAP Acquisition Inc., a New Jersey corporation. Comnet was a New Jersey-based manufacturer and supplier of telecommunications and data products, including fiber optic cables, cabling technologies, custom patch cord assemblies, data center consoles, and other data center equipment. This division was one of the three subsidiaries in the Company’s Custom Cabling Manufacturing Assembly segment. For the three months ended January 31, 2018, and January 31, 2017, the Company recognized approximately $0 and $62,000pretax income of royalty income, respectively, for RadioMobile, which amount has been included within$196,000 from the discontinued operations.

During March 2016, the Company announced the shutdown of its Bioconnect division, which comprised the entire operations of Comnet, and an income tax expense of $46,000. The major line items constituting the Medical Cabling and Interconnect segment. The closure is partincome from discontinued operations of the Company’s ongoing plan to close or dispose of underperforming divisions that are not part of the Company’s core operations. ForComnet for the three months ended January 31, 2017, the Company recognized approximately $10,000 of income from sale of equipment for the Bioconnect division, which has been included within discontinued operations.2018 are as follows (in thousands):

Note 3 - Inventories and major vendors

Inventories, consisting of materials, labor and manufacturing overhead, are stated at the lower of cost or market.net realizable value. Cost has been determined using the weighted average cost method. Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):

One vendorTwo vendors each accounted for 23%17% of inventory purchases for the three months ended January 31, 2018. No vendor accounted for greater than 10% of inventory purchases for2019. For the three months ended January 31, 2017.2018, one vendor accounted for 30% of inventory purchases. The Company has arrangements with these vendors to purchase productproducts based on purchase orders periodically issued by the Company.

Note 4 - Other current assets

Other current assets consist of the following (in thousands):

Long-term portion of notes receivable of $0 and $21,000 is recorded in other assets at January 31, 2018 and October 31, 2017, respectively.

Note 5 - Accrued expenses and other long-term liabilities

Accrued expenses consist of the following (in thousands):

Accrued receipts represent purchased inventory for which invoices have not been received.

The Company measures at fair value certain financial assets and liabilities. U. S. GAAP specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs to those valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company's market assumptions. These two types of inputs have created the following fair-value hierarchy:

Level 1 - Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets;

Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets; and

Level 3 - Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.

The contingent consideration liability represents future earn-out liability that we may be required to pay in conjunction with the acquisition of Rel-Tech and Comnet. The Company estimates the fair value of the earn-out liability using a probability-weighted scenario of estimated qualifying earn-out gross profit related to Rel-Tech and EBITDA related to Comnet calculated at net present value (level 3 of the fair value hierarchy).

The following table summarizes our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of January 31, 2018 (in thousands):

The following table summarizes our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of October 31, 2017 (in thousands):

The following table summarizes the Level 3 transactions for the three months ended January 31, 2018 and for the year ended October 31, 2017 (in thousands):

Note 6 - Earnings per share

Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding increased by the effects of assuming that other potentially dilutive securities (such as stock options) outstanding during the period had been exercised and the treasury stock method had been applied. Potentially dilutiveissuable securities totaling 93,000 and 771,973 and 1,024,188shares for the three months ended January 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted per share amounts because of their anti-dilutive effect.

The following table summarizes the computation of basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding:

Note 7 - Stock-based compensation and equity transactions

The Company’s current stock incentive plan provides for the granting of qualified and nonqualified options to the Company’s officers, directors and employees. The Company satisfies the exercise of options by issuing previously unissued common shares. On December 13, 2017, the Company granted 80,000 incentive stock options to an employee. These options vestvested 8,000 shares on the date of grant, and the balance vests as to 8,000 shares per year thereafter on each of the next nine anniversaries of December 13, 2017, and expire ten years from the date of grant. On December 3, 2018, the Company granted each of two employees 25,000 incentive stock options. These options vested 5,000 each on the date of grant, and the balance vests as to 5,000 shares each per year thereafter on each of the next four anniversaries of December 3, 2018, and expire five years from the date of grant. On December 3, 2018, the Company also granted one employee 10,000 incentive stock options. These options vested 2,000 shares on the date of grant, and the balance vests as to 2,000 shares per year thereafter on each of the next four anniversaries of December 3, 2018, and expire five years from the date of grant. No other options were granted to Company employees during the three months ended January 31, 2017.2019 and 2018.

The weighted average fair value of employee and non-employee directors’ stock options granted by the Company during the three months ended January 31, 20182019 and 20172018 was estimated to be $2.44$8.47 and $1.50,$2.44, respectively, per share, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:

Expected volatilities are based on historical volatility of the Company’s stock price and other factors. The Company used the historical method to calculate the expected life of the 20182019 and 20172018 option grants. The expected life represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury rate with a maturity date corresponding to the options’ expected life. The dividend yield is based upon the historical dividend yield.

Company stock option plans

Descriptions of the Company’s stock option plans are included in Note 9 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2017.2018. A summary of the status of the options granted under the Company’s stock option plans as of January 31, 20182019 and the changes in options outstanding during the three months then ended is presented in the table that follows:

Weighted average remaining contractual life of options outstanding as of January 31, 2018: 4.632019: 4.83 years

Weighted average remaining contractual life of options exercisable as of January 31, 2018: 3.212019: 3.39 years

Weighted average remaining contractual life of options vested and expected to vest as of January 31, 2018: 4.622019: 4.82 years

Aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding at January 31, 2018: $1,012,0002019: $4,608,000

Aggregate intrinsic value of options exercisable at January 31, 2018: $736,0002019: $3,333,000

Aggregate intrinsic value of options vested and expected to vest at January 31, 2018: $1,007,0002019: $4,589,000

As of January 31, 2018, $418,0002019, $532,000 of expense with respect to nonvested share-based arrangements has yet to be recognized but is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 5.045.63 years.

Non-employee directors receive a compensation package of $50,000 annually, which is paid one-half in cash and one-half through the grant of non-qualified stock options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock. During the quarter ended January 31, 2018,2019, the Company granted each of its five non-employee directors 37,9276,600 non-qualified stock options. The number of stock options granted to each director was determined by dividing $25,000 by the fair value of a stock option grant using the Black-Scholes model ($0.6593.471 per share). These options vest ratably over fiscal year 2018.2019 and expire five years from the date of grant. Effective November 1, 2018, in addition to the compensation received for serving on the Board of Directors, the Chairman of each committee of the Board will receive $15,000 per year in cash for services rendered as Chairman.

Stock option expense

During the three months ended January 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, stock-based compensation expense totaled $75,000$114,000 and $51,000, respectively. For the three months ended January 31, 2018 and 2017, stock-based compensation classified in cost of sales amounted to none and $3,000,$75,000, respectively, and stock-based compensationwas classified in selling and general expense amounted to $75,000 and $48,000, respectively.expense.

Note 8 - Concentrations of credit risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents with high-credit quality financial institutions. At January 31, 2018,2019, the Company had cash and cash equivalent balances in excess of federally insured limits in the amount of approximately $5.3$11.8 million.

One customerTwo customers, a distributor and an equipment manufacturer, accounted for approximately 36%38% and 14%, respectively, of the Company’s net sales for the three-month period ended January 31, 2018.2019. At January 31, 2019, these two customers’ accounts receivable balances accounted for approximately 30% and 22%, respectively, of the total net accounts receivable balance. For the three-month period ended January 31, 2018, one customer, a distributor, accounted for approximately 47% of the Company’s net sales. At January 31, 2018, this customer’s accounts receivable balance accounted for approximately 32% of the Company’s total net accounts receivable balance. Two customers accounted for approximately 15% and 10% of the Company’s net sales for the three-month period ended January 31, 2017. At January 31, 2017, these customers’ accounts receivable balances accounted for approximately 15% and 13%44% of the Company’s total net accounts receivable balance. Although these customers have been on-going major customers of the Company, the written agreements with these customers do not have any minimum purchase obligations and they could stop buying the Company’s products at any time and for any reason. A reduction, delay or cancellation of orders from these customers or the loss of these customers could significantly reduce the Company’s future revenues and profits.

Note 9 - Segment information

The Company aggregates operating divisions into operating segments that have similar economic characteristics primarily in the following areas: (1) the nature of the product and services; (2) the nature of the production process; (3) the type or class of customer for their products and services; (4) the methods used to distribute their products or services; (5) if applicable, the nature of the regulatory environment. AsBased upon this evaluation, as of January 31, 2018,2019, the Company had two segments: 1) segments –RF Connector and Cable Assembly (“RF Connector segment”) and 2) Custom Cabling Manufacturing and Assembly based upon this evaluation.

(“Custom Cabling segment”).

The RF Connector and Cable Assembly segment consisted of one division and the Custom Cabling Manufacturing and Assembly segment was composed of threetwo divisions. The fourthree divisions that met the quantitative thresholds for segment reporting are the RF Connector and Cable Assembly division (“RF Connector division”), Cables Unlimited, Comnet and Rel-Tech. The specific customers are different forWhile each division; however,segment had similar products and services, with one major exception, there is somewas little overlapping of these services to their customer base. In addition, sales or product and services for the RF Connector segment were primarily through the distribution channel while the Custom Cabling segment sales were through a combination of distribution and direct to them. The methods used to distribute products are similar within each division aggregated.the end customer.

Management identifies the Company’s segments based on strategic business units that are, in turn, based along market lines. These strategic business units offer products and services to different markets in accordance with their customer base and product usage. For segment reporting purposes, the RF Connector and Cable Assembly division constitutes the RF Connector and Cable Assembly segment, and the Cables Unlimited Comnet and Rel-Tech divisions constitute the Custom Cabling Manufacturing and Assembly segment.

As reviewed by the Company’s chief operating decision maker, the Company evaluates the performance of each segment based on income or loss before income taxes. The Company charges depreciation and amortization directly to each division within the segment. Accounts receivable, inventory, property and equipment, goodwill and intangible assets are the only assets identified by segment. Except as discussed above, the accounting policies for segment reporting are the same for the Company as a whole.

Substantially all of the Company’s operations are conducted in the United States; however, the Company derives a portion of its revenue from export sales. The Company attributes sales to geographic areas based on the location of the customers. The following table presents the sales of the Company by geographic area for the three months ended January 31, 20182019 and 20172018 (in thousands):

Net sales, income (loss) from continuing operations before provision (benefit) for income taxes and other related segment information for the three months ended January 31, 20182019 and 20172018 are as follows (in thousands):

Note 10 - Income taxes

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. President signed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”). The Tax Act, among other things, lowered the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. Consequently, we wrote down our net deferred tax liability as of October 31,In December 2017, by $41,000 to reflect the estimated impactSEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Act. WhileCuts and Jobs Act (SAB 118), which allowed us to record provisional amounts during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year of the enactment date. As a result, we have substantiallypreviously recorded a provisional estimate of the effect of the Tax Act in our financial statements. In the first quarter of 2019, we completed our provisional analysis ofto determine the income tax effectseffect of the Tax Act and recorded a reasonable estimateno additional adjustments as of such effects, the net one-time charge related to the Tax Act may differ, possibly materially, due to, among other things, further refinement of our calculations, changes in interpretations and assumptions that we have made, additional guidance that may be issued by the U.S. Government, and actions and related accounting policy decisions we may take as a result of the Tax Act. We will complete our analysis over a one-year measurement period ending December 22, 2018, and any adjustments during this measurement period will be included in net earnings from continuing operations as an adjustment to income tax expense in the reporting period when such adjustments are determined.2018.

The Company uses an estimated annual effective tax rate, which is based on expected annual income, statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities available in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates, to determine its quarterly provision (benefit) for income taxes. Certain significant or unusual items are separately recognized in the quarter in which they occur and can be a source of variability in the effective tax rates from quarter to quarter.

The provision ( benefit) for income taxes was 18%21% and 30%16% of income (loss) before income taxes for the three months ended January 31, 2019 (the “fiscal 2019 quarter”) and 2018 and 2017,(the “fiscal 2018 quarter”), respectively. The decreaseincrease in the effective income tax rate from periodthe fiscal 2018 quarter to periodfiscal 2019 quarter was primarily driven by the reductionelimination of the federal corporate incomebenefit from the domestic production activities deduction and the one-time benefit recorded in the prior year related to the reduction in the Company’s deferred tax rateliability due to the Tax Act resultingchange in the recognitionfederal tax rate, both as a result of a benefit of $41,000, recognition of a stock option windfall benefit of $19,000 related to the exercise of NQSOs and the benefit of R&D credits.TheTax Act. The Company recorded income from discontinued operations, net of tax, as disclosed in Note 2.

The total amountCompany had $65,000 and $58,000 of unrecognized tax benefits, was $0inclusive of interest and penalties, as of January 31, 20182019 and October 31, 2017.2018, respectively. The total balanceunrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would result in a net tax benefit of accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions was $0$15,000 as of January 31, 2018 and October 31, 2017. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions, if any, as a component of income tax expense and the accrued interest and penalties, if any, are included in deferred and other long-term liabilities in the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets. There were no material interest or penalties included in income tax expense for the three months ended January 31, 2018 or 2017.2019.

Note 11 - Intangible assets

Intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):

Amortization expense for the three months ended January 31, 2019 and the year ended October 31, 2018 was $69,000 and $275,000, respectively. As of January 31, 2019, the weighted-average amortization period for the amortizable intangible assets is 10.98 years.

Note 12 - Commitments

The Company currently leases its corporate headquarters and RF connector and cable assembly manufacturing facilities in San Diego, California. On June 5, 2017, the Company entered into a fifth amendment to its lease for its facility in San Diego, California. As a result, the Company now leases a total of approximately 21,908 square feet of office, warehouse and manufacturing space at its San Diego location. The term of the lease expires on July 31, 2022, and the rental payments under the lease currently are $22,721 per month. The San Diego lease also requires the payment of the Company’s pro rata share of real estate taxes and insurance, maintenance and other operating expenses related to the facilities.

TheFor the three months ended January 31, 2019, the aggregate monthly rental for all of the Company’s facilities currently iswas approximately $53,000$50,000 per month, plus utilities, maintenance and insurance.

Note 13 - Cash dividend and declared dividends

The Company paid dividends of $0.02 per share during the three months ended January 31, 20182019 and 20172018 for a total of $186,000 and $176,000, per period.respectively. 

Note 14 - Subsequent events

On February 1, 2019, Cables Unlimited amended its lease with 100 Bellport Avenue, LLC to expand the leased space by an additional 5,000 square feet, resulting in a total rent expense of $9,375 per month.

On March 8, 2018,2019, the Board of Directors of the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.02 per share to be paid on April 15, 20182019 to stockholders of record on March 31, 2018.2019. 

On March 11, 2019, the Company announced that it has entered into a binding agreement to purchase all of the assets of C Enterprises, L.P., a California based designer, manufacturer, and distributor of fiber and copper custom cables and cable assembles, and other related products used in the data center, networking, and wireless markets. The total cash outlay related to the purchase of C Enterprises is currently not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s liquidity and capital resources.

Item 2: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This report contains forward-looking statements. These statements relate to future events or the Company’s future financial performance. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “except,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential” or “continue,” the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology. These statements are only predictions. Actual events or results may differ materially.

Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, the Company cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. Moreover, neither the Company, nor any other person, assumes responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of the forward-looking statements. The Company is under no obligation to update any of the forward-looking statements after the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to conform such statements to actual results or to changes in its expectations.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-Q. Readers are also urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made by the Company which attempt to advise interested parties of the factors which affect the Company’s business, including without limitation the disclosures made under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” under the caption “Risk Factors,” and the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company’s Annual Report filed on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 20172018 and other reports and filings made with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Critical Accounting Policies

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make significant estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We evaluate our estimates, including those related to bad debts, inventory reserves and contingencies on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be appropriate under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Additionally, on November 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contacts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASC 606”) applying the modified retrospective method. The core principle of ASC 606 is that revenue should be recorded in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for goods or services promised to customers. Under ASC 606, the Company follows a five-step model to: (1) identify the contract with our customer; (2) identify our performance obligations in our contract; (3) determine the transaction price for our contract; (4) allocate the transaction price to our performance obligations; and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) each performance obligation is satisfied. In accordance with this accounting principle, the Company recognizes revenue using the output method at a point in time when finished goods have been transferred to the customer and there are no other obligations to customers after the title of the goods have transferred. Title of goods are transferred based on shipping terms for each customer – for shipments with terms of FOB Shipping Point, title is transferred upon shipment; for shipments with terms of FOB Destination, title is transferred upon delivery. The Company has performed a review of ASC 606 as compared to its previous accounting policies for our product revenue and did not identify any material impact to revenue. Therefore, there was no adjustment to retained earnings for a cumulative effect. The necessary changes to business processes and controls to effectively review and account for any new contracts under this standard have been implemented.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market,net realizable value, with cost determined using the weighted average cost method of accounting. Certain items in inventory may be considered obsolete or excess and, as such, we periodically review our inventories for excess and slow moving items and make provisions as necessary to properly reflect inventory value. Because inventories have, during the past few years, represented up to one-fourth of our total assets, any reduction in the value of our inventories would require us to take write-offs that would affect our net worth and future earnings.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The Company records its allowance for doubtful accounts based upon its assessment of various factors. The Company considers historical experience, the age of the accounts receivable balance, credit quality of the Company’s customers, current economic conditions and other factors that may affect a customer’s ability to pay.

Long-Lived Assets Including Goodwill

The Company assesses property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, which are considered definite-lived assets, for impairment. Definite-lived assets are reviewed when there is evidence that events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. We measure recoverability of these assets by comparing the carrying amounts to the future undiscounted cash flows the assets are expected to generate. If property and equipment and intangible assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized equals the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair market value.

The Company amortizes its intangible assets with definite useful lives over their estimated useful lives and reviews these assets for impairment.

We test our goodwill and trademarks and indefinite-lived assets for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate these assets may be impaired. These events or circumstances requires significant judgment and could include a significant change in the business climate, legal factors, operating performance indicators, competition and sale or disposition of all or a portion of a division. This analysis requires significant judgments, including estimation of future cash flows, which is dependent on internal forecasts, estimation of the long-term rate of growth for our business, estimation of the useful life over which cash flows will occur, and determination of our weighted average cost of capital.

Earn-out Liability

The purchase agreement for the Rel-Tech acquisition provides for earn-out payments of up to $800,000, payable through May 31, 2018. The fair value of the obligation under the earn-out purchase price arrangement for Rel-Tech was $206,000 as of January 31, 2018. The initial earn-out liability was valued at its fair value using the Monte Carlo simulation and is included as a component of the total purchase price. The earn-out was and will continue to be revalued quarterly using a present value approach and any resulting increase or decrease will be recorded into selling and general expenses. Any changes in the assumed timing and amount of the probability of payment scenarios could impact the fair value. Significant judgment is employed in determining the appropriateness of the assumptions used in calculating the fair value of the earn-out as of the acquisition date. Accordingly, significant variances between actual and forecasted results or changes in the assumptions can materially impact the amount of contingent consideration expense we record in future periods.

Income Taxes

The Company records a tax provision for the anticipated tax consequences of the reported results of operations. Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and for operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the currently enacted tax rates as of the date of the financial statements that apply to taxable income in effect for the years in which those tax assets are expected to be realized or settled. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is believed more likely than not to be realized.

If a deduction reported on a tax return for an equity-based incentive award exceeds the cumulative compensation cost for those instruments recognized for financial reporting purposes, any resulting realized tax benefit that exceeds the previously calculated deferred tax asset for those instruments is considered an excess tax benefit, and is recognized as additional paid-in capital. If the tax deduction is less than the cumulative book compensation cost, the tax effect of the resulting difference is charged first to additional paid-in capital, to the extent of the available pool of windfall tax benefits, with any remainder recognized in income tax expense.

The calculation of the tax provision involves significant judgment in estimating the impact of uncertainties in the application of GAAP and complex tax laws. Resolution of these uncertainties in a manner inconsistent with management’s expectations could have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition and operating results.

Stock-based Compensation

The Company uses the Black-Scholes model to value the stock option grants. This valuation is affected by the Company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of inputs which involve significant judgments and estimates. These inputs include the expected term of employee stock options, the expected volatility of the stock price, the risk-free interest rate and expected dividends.

Overview

RF Industries, Ltd. (together with subsidiaries, the “Company”) is a national manufacturer and marketer of interconnect products and systems, including coaxial and specialty cables and connectors, fiber optic cables and connectors, and electrical and electronic specialty cables and components. Through its four manufacturing and production facilities, the Company provides a wide selection of interconnect products and solutions primarily to telecommunications carriers and equipment manufacturers, wireless and network infrastructure carriers and manufacturers Data Center and Co-location companies, and to various original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) in several market segments.

The Company operates through two reporting segments: (i) the “RFRF Connector and Cable Assembly”Assembly (“RF Connector”) segment, and (ii) the “CustomCustom Cabling Manufacturing and Assembly”Assembly (“Custom Cabling”) segment. The RF Connector and Cable Assembly segment primarily designs, manufactures, markets and distributes a broad range of connector and cable products, including coaxial connectors and cable assemblies that are integrated with coaxial connectors, used in telecommunications and information technology OEM markets and other end markets. The Custom Cabling Manufacturing and Assembly segment designs, manufactures, markets and distributes custom copper and fiber cable assemblies, complex hybrid fiber optic and power solution cables, electromechanical wiring harnesses, data center products, and wiring harnesses for a broad range of applications in a diverse set of end markets. The two segments were determined based on the aggregation of operating divisions that have similar economic characteristics and are similar in the majority of the following areas: (1) the nature of the product and services; (2) the nature of the production process; (3) the type or class of customer for their products and services; (4) the methods used to distribute their products or services; and (5) if applicable, the nature of the regulatory environment.

For the quarterthree months ended January 31, 2018,2019, most of the Company’s revenues were generated from the Custom Cabling Manufacturing and Assembly segment from the sale of fiber optics cable, copper cabling, custom patch cord assemblies, and wiring harnesses transceivers/converters and other data center equipment (which accounted for 75%69% of the Company’s total sales for the quarterthree months ended January 31, 2018)2019). Revenues from the RF Connector and Cable Assembly segment were generated from the sales of RF connector products and connector cable assemblies and accounted for 25%31% of the Company’s total sales for the quarterthree months ended January 31, 2018.2019.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

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Management believes that existing current assets and the amount of cash it anticipates it will generate from current operations will be sufficient to fund the anticipated liquidity and capital resource needs of the Company for at least twelve months from the date of this filing. Management believes that its existing assets and the cash expected to be generated from operations, including its current backlog of unfulfilled orders, will be sufficient during the current fiscal year based on the following:

As of January 31, 2018,2019, the Company had a total of $5.9$14.0 million of cash and cash equivalents compared to a total of $6.0$16.3 million of cash and cash equivalents as of October 31, 2017.2018. As of January 31, 2018,2019, the Company had working capital of $13.9$24.8 million and a current ratio of approximately 3.8:7.5:1.

Subsequent toDuring the year ended October 31, 2018 (“fiscal year 2018”), the Company received an influx of sales orders from customers that resulted in a sharp increase in sales and backlog from the prior fiscal year ended October 31, 2017,2017. Since the end of fiscal year 2018, the Company has seen an increasefilled most of the October 31, 2018 backlog. However, the Company has maintained a consistent volume of bookings and shipments during the first quarter ended January 31, 2019, resulting in a substantially unchanged backlog of $11 million. Since purchase orders for its productsare submitted from customers based on the timing of their requirements, the Company’s ability to predict orders in eachfuture periods or trends in future periods is limited. Furthermore, purchase orders may be subject to cancellation from customers, although the Company has not historically experienced material cancellations of its four divisions.purchase orders. As a result of these increased orders, the Company’s backlog has increased from $4.0 million as of October 31, 2017 to $20.2 millionbalance as of January 31, 2018. A substantial amount of this backlog is expected to be filled in the upcoming quarter ending April 30, 2018 and the remaining amount of the current backlog largely filled by the end of the current fiscal year ending October 31, 2018.  Accordingly,2019, the Company’s liquidity and available capital resources are also expected to materially increase incontinue to improve during the balance of the current fiscal year.

The Company used cash of $0.2$2.3 million during the three months ended January 31, 20182019 due largely to the impact ofan increase in sales, which resulted in increased sales. As a result of the increased sales,inventory purchases and an increase in outstanding accounts receivables ($1.5 million) and inventories ($0.7 million) increased, which was partially offset by increased accounts payable ($0.7 million) and accrued expenses ($0.5 million). This net decreaseas of quarter-end. Net income of $0.6 million, with an added increase in cash from noncash credits of $0.1 million from depreciation and amortization and $0.1 million from stock-based compensation expense, was partially offset by an increase in cash from net income of $0.5 million, noncash credits of $0.2 millionaccounts receivable ($1.4 million) and inventories ($1.1 million) as well as a decrease in accrued expenses primarily from depreciation and amortization relateddue to the acquisitionspayout of Comnet, Rel-Techprior year bonuses ($1.3 million) and CompPro, and $0.1 million of stock-based compensation expense.an increase in accounts payable ($0.4 million). In addition, during the quarterthree months ended January 31, 2019, the Company received $0.2$0.3 million from the exercise of stock options and paid out $0.2 million in dividends.

The Company does not anticipate needing material additional capital equipment in the next twelve months. In the past, the Company has financed some of its equipment and furnishings requirements through capital leases. No additional capital equipment purchases have been currently identified that would require significant additional leasing or capital expenditures during the next twelve months. Management also believes that based on the Company’s current financial condition, its current backlog of unfulfilled orders and its anticipated future operations, the Company would be able to finance its expansion, if necessary.

As part of its announced business plan,From time to time, the Company may from time to time acquireundertake acquisitions of other companies or product lines in the future in order to diversify its product and solutions offerings and customer base. Any future acquisitionsConversely, the Company may undertake the disposition of a division or product line due to changes in the Company’s business strategy or market conditions. Acquisitions may require the Company to makeoutlay of cash, payments, which may reduce the Company’s futureliquidity and capital resources while dispositions may increase the Company’s cash position, liquidity and capital resources. On March 8, 2019, the Company announced that it has entered into a binding agreement to purchase all of the assets of C Enterprises, L.P., a California based designer, manufacturer, and distributor of fiber and copper custom cables and cable assembles, and other related products used in the data center, networking, and wireless markets. The total cash outlay related to the purchase of C Enterprises is currently not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s liquidity and capital resources.

We are currently evaluating the financial impact of the import tariffs that were recently enacted in the U.S. and abroad. While we do not believe that the financial impact on the Company of the enacted tariffs will be material, we recognize that there is uncertainty related to potential costs related to these actions.

Results of Operations

On October 31, 2018, the Company sold all of the shares of Comnet Telecom Supply, Inc (“Comnet”), a wholly-owned subsidiary that was part of the Company’s Custom Cabling segment. Accordingly, the Company’s results of operations for the three months ended January 31, 2018 have been adjusted to remove the results of Comnet; the operating results of Comnet in 2018 are reported in the attached condensed consolidated financial statements as discontinued operations on the statement of operations. During the first quarter of fiscal 2018, Comnet had net sales and income (loss) from continuing operations before provision for income taxes of $2.4 million and $0.2 million, respectively. The sale of Comnet was consistent with the Company’s business transformation toward a one company culture and operating structure to more efficiently leverage its capabilities across the entire business; Comnet Telecom’s business did not match the Company’s go-to-market strategy since it operated with a different sales model and margin profile than the rest of the Company.

Three Months Ended January 31, 20182019 vs. Three Months Ended January 31, 20172018

Net sales of $10.3$10.6 million increased by 56%34%, or $3.7$2.7 million, for the three months ended January 31, 2019 (the “fiscal 2019 quarter”) when compared to the three months ended January 31, 2018 (the “fiscal 2018 quarter”) when compared to the three months ended January 31, 2017 (the “fiscal 2017 quarter”). Net sales for the fiscal 20182019 quarter at the Company’s “CustomCustom Cabling Manufacturing and Assembly” segment (Custom Cabling) increased $3.6by $2.1 million, or 89%38%, when compared to the fiscal 20172018 quarter from theas a result of increased salesales of fiber optics cable, copper cabling, custom patch cord assemblies and wiring harnesses, transceivers/convertersharnesses. The Custom Cabling segment saw an increase in new sales due, in large part, to project work in the OEM and other data center equipment.wireless carrier markets in addition to an increase in traditional run rate business. Net sales for the fiscal 20182019 quarter at the RF Connector and Cable Assembly segment increased by $0.1$0.6 million, or 4%24%, to $2.6$3.3 million as compared to $2.5$2.6 million for the fiscal 20172018 quarter.

The Company’sGross profit for the first fiscal 2019 quarter increased $0.7 million to $3.1 million while gross profit as a percentagemargins decreased to 30% of sales from 31% of sales in the fiscal 2018first quarter increased by 2% to 30% compared to 28%last year. The decrease in the fiscal 2017 quartergross margins was primarily due primarily to the increased revenueshigher cost of outsourcing at the Custom Cabling division.segment.

Engineering expenses increased $0.1of $0.3 million duringremained unchanged from the fiscal 2019 to the fiscal 2018 quarter to $0.3 million compared to $0.2 million for the fiscal 2017 quarter due to increased salary expense related to engineering activities.quarter. Engineering expenses represent costs incurred relating to the ongoing development of new products.

Selling and general expenses increased by $0.2 million during the fiscal 2018 quarter to $2.2$2.0 million from $2.0compared to $1.8 million in the prior year. Sellingfirst quarter last year due to higher compensation expenses as a result of increased sales at the Custom Cabling segment. Despite this increase in expenses, selling and general expenses as a percentage of sales declined to 21%19% of sales compared to 22% of sales in the first quarter last year, reflecting the Company’s focus on increased operational efficiencies.

For the fiscal 2019 quarter, income (loss) from continuing operations for the fiscal 2018 quarterCustom Cabling segment and the RF Connector segment was $0.5 million and $0.3 million, respectively, as compared to 30%$0.5 million and ($0.2) million for the fiscal 2017 quarter.comparable first quarter last year. The income from continuing operations at the Custom Cabling segment remained consistent with the first quarter last year, while the RF Connector segment had an increase in selling and general expenses wasincome (loss) from continuing operations primarily due to increased compensationthe increase in the form of commissions and accrued bonuses.sales.

The provision (benefit) for income taxes was 18%21% and 30%16% of income (loss) before income taxes for the three months ended January 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, respectively. The decreaseincrease in the effective income tax rate from period to period was primarily driven by the reductionelimination of the federal corporate incomebenefit from the domestic production activities deduction and the one-time benefit recorded in the prior year related to the reduction in the Company’s deferred tax rateliability due to the change in the federal tax rate, both as a result of the Tax Act and the benefit of R&D credits.Act.

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. President signed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”). The Tax Act, among other things, lowered the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. Consequently, we wrote down our net deferred tax liability as of October 31,In December 2017, by $41,000 to reflect the estimated impactSEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Act. WhileCuts and Jobs Act (SAB 118), which allowed us to record provisional amounts during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year of the enactment date. As a result, we have substantiallypreviously recorded a provisional estimate of the effect of the Tax Act in our financial statements. In the first quarter of 2019, we completed our provisional analysis ofto determine the income tax effectseffect of the Tax Act and recorded a reasonable estimateno additional adjustments as of such effects, the net one-time charge related to the Tax Act may differ, possibly materially, due to, among other things, further refinement of our calculations, changes in interpretations and assumptions that we have made, additional guidance that may be issued by the U.S. Government, and actions and related accounting policy decisions we may take as a result of the Tax Act. We will complete our analysis over a one-year measurement period ending December 22, 2018, and any adjustments during this measurement period will be included in net earnings from continuing operations as an adjustment to income tax expense in the reporting period when such adjustments are determined. 2018.

All of the income from discontinued operations, net of tax, during the fiscal 20172018 quarter was for royalty payments received underrepresent the agreement forresults from the saleoperations of Comnet Telecom Supply, a former subsidiary of the Company’s RadioMobile division. The period for earning royalties from RadioMobile has now expired.Company that was discontinued on October 31, 2018.

For the fiscal 20182019 quarter, net income was $0.5$0.6 million and fully diluted EPSearnings per share (EPS) was $0.05$0.07 per share as compared to a net lossincome of $0.2$0.5 million and fully diluted EPS of net loss of $0.02$0.05 per share for the fiscal 20172018 quarter. For the fiscal 2019 quarter, the diluted weighted average shares outstanding was 9,838,154 as compared to 9,099,301 for the fiscal 2018 quarter.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Nothing to report.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) that are designed to assure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide reasonable assurance only of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily is required to apply its judgment in weighting the costs and benefits of possible new or different controls and procedures. Limitations are inherent in all control systems, so no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and any fraud have been detected. Because of the inherent limitations, we regularly review our system of internal control over financial reporting and make changes to our processes and systems to improve controls and increase efficiency, and to maintain an effective internal control environment. Changes may include such activities as implementing new, more efficient systems, consolidating activities, and migrating processes.

As required by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b), as of the end of the period covered by this report, management, under the supervision and with the participation of our then Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, management concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of that date.

There has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended January 31, 20182019 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Part II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of business. Litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm our business. As of the date of this report, we are not subject to any proceeding that is not in the ordinary course of business or that is material to the financial condition of our business.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The discussion of our business and operations should be read together with the risk factors contained in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 20172018 filed with the SEC, which describe various risks and uncertainties to which we are or may become subject. These risks and uncertainties have the potential to affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, strategies or prospects in a material and adverse manner. There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in the above-mentioned periodic report.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Nothing to report.

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities

Nothing to report.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Nothing to report.

Item 5. Other InformationNothing to report.

Noting to report.

Item 6. Exhibits

SIGNATURES

In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.