UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☑			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to .

Commission File No. 001-34807

Verint Systems Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)


Delaware		11-3200514
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

175 Broadhollow Road
Melville,	New York	11747
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)		(Zip Code)


	(631)	962-9600
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

The NASDAQ Stock Market, LLC

Common Stock, $.001 par value per share

VRNT

(NASDAQ Global Select Market)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☑	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

There were ~~65,866,257~~64,271,128 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding on ~~November~~August 15, ~~2022.~~2023.

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Verint Systems Inc. and Subsidiaries
Index to Form 10-Q
As of and For the Period Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023
		Page

Cautionary Note on Forward-Looking Statements		ii

Part I.	Financial Information	1

Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	1
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) ~~Income~~	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	76
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	97
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	4133
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	6050
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	6252

Part II.	Other Information	6353

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	6353
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	6353
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	6353
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	6353
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	6454
Item 5.	Other Information	6454
Item 6.	Exhibits	6555

~~Signatures~~Signature		6656

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Cautionary Note on Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, the provisions of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, financial projections, statements of plans and objectives for future operations, statements of future economic performance, and statements of assumptions relating thereto. Forward-looking statements may appear throughout this report, including without limitation, in Part I, Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”, and are often identified by future or conditional words such as “will”, “plans”, “expects”, “intends”, “believes”, “seeks”, “estimates”, or “anticipates”, or by variations of such words or by similar expressions. There can be no assurance that forward-looking statements will be achieved. By their very nature, forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and other important factors that could cause our actual results or conditions to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Important risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and other factors that could cause our actual results or conditions to differ materially from our forward-looking statements include, among others:

•uncertainties regarding the impact of changes in macroeconomic and/or global conditions, including as a result of slowdowns, recessions, ~~inflation,~~ economic instability, rising interest rates, tightening credit markets, inflation, instability in the banking sector, political unrest, armed conflicts (such as the Russian invasion of Ukraine), actual or threatened trade wars, natural disasters, ~~climate change or other environmental issues,~~ or outbreaks of disease ~~such~~(such as the COVID-19 ~~pandemic,~~pandemic), as well as the resulting impact on spending by customers or partners, on our business;

•risks that our customers or partners delay, downsize, cancel, or refrain from placing orders, ~~refrain from~~or renewing subscriptions or ~~service~~ contracts, or are unable to honor contractual commitments or payment obligations due to ~~liquidity issues~~challenges or ~~other challenges~~uncertainties in their budgets, ~~and business;~~

•~~risks that restrictions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic~~liquidity, or ~~actions taken in response to the pandemic adversely impact our operations or our ability to fulfill orders, complete implementations, or recognize revenue;~~businesses;

•risks associated with our ability to keep pace with technological advances and challenges and evolving industry ~~standards;~~standards, including achieving and maintaining the competitive differentiation of our solution platform; to adapt to changing market potential from area to area within our markets; and to successfully develop, launch, and drive demand for new, innovative, high-quality products and services that meet or exceed customer challenges and needs, while simultaneously preserving our legacy businesses and migrating away from areas of commoditization;

•risks due to aggressive competition in all of our markets and our ability to keep pace with competitors, some of whom may be able to grow faster than us or have greater resources than us, including in areas such as sales and marketing, branding, technological innovation and development, and recruiting and retention;

•risks associated with our ability to properly execute on our ~~cloud~~SaaS transition, including successfully transitioning customers to our cloud platform and the increased importance of subscription renewal rates, and risk of increased variability in our period-to-period results based on the mix, terms, and timing of our transactions;

•risks relating to our ability to properly identify and execute on growth or strategic initiatives, manage investments in our business and operations, and enhance our existing operations and infrastructure, including the proper prioritization and allocation of limited financial and other resources;

•risks associated with our ability to or costs to retain, recruit, and train qualified personnel and management in regions in which we operate either physically or remotely, including in new markets and growth areas we may enter, due to competition for talent, ~~increasing~~increased labor costs, applicable regulatory requirements, ~~such as vaccination mandates,~~ or otherwise;

•challenges associated with selling sophisticated solutions and cloud-based solutions, which may incorporate newer technologies whose adoption and use-cases are still emerging, including with respect to longer sales cycles, more complex sales processes and customer approval processes, more complex contractual and information security requirements, and assisting customers in understanding and realizing the benefits of our solutions and technologies, as well as with developing, offering, implementing, and maintaining aan enterprise-class, broad solution portfolio;

•risks that we may be unable to maintain, expand, and enable our relationships with partners as part of our growth ~~strategy;~~strategy while avoiding excessive concentration with any one partner;

•risks associated with our reliance on ~~cloud hosting providers and other~~ third-party suppliers, partners, or original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) for certain services, products, or components, including companies that may compete with us or work with our competitors;

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•risks associated with our significant international operations, including exposure to regions subject to political or economic instability, fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, inflation, increased financial accounting and reporting burdens and complexities, and challenges associated with a significant portion of our cash being held overseas;

•risks associated with a significant part of our business coming from government contracts and associated procurement processes and regulatory requirements;

•risks associated with our ability to identify suitable targets for acquisition or investment or successfully compete for, consummate, and implement mergers and acquisitions, including risks associated with valuations, legacy liabilities, reputational considerations, capital constraints, costs and expenses, maintaining profitability levels, expansion into new areas, management distraction, post-acquisition integration activities, and potential asset impairments;

•risks associated with complex and changing domestic and foreign regulatory environments, including, among others, with respect to data privacy, artificial intelligence, cyber / information security, government contracts, anti-corruption, trade compliance, climate change or other environmental, social and governance matters, tax, and labor matters, relating to our own operations, the products and services we offer, and/or the use of our solutions by our customers;

•risks associated with the mishandling or perceived mishandling of sensitive or confidential information and data, including personally identifiable information or other information that may belong to our customers or other third parties, including in connection with our software as a service (“SaaS”) or other hosted or managed services offerings or when we are asked to perform service or support;

•risks associated with our reliance on third parties to provide certain cloud hosting or other cloud-based services to us or our customers, including the risk of service disruptions, data breaches, or data loss or corruption;

•risks that our solutions or services, or those of third-party suppliers, partners, or OEMs which we use in or with our offerings or otherwise rely on, including third-party hosting platforms, may contain defects, vulnerabilities, or develop operational ~~problems, or be vulnerable to cyber-attacks;~~problems;

•risk ofthat we or our solutions may be subject to security vulnerabilities or lapses, including cyber-attacks, information technology system breaches, failures, or disruptions;

•risks that our intellectual property rights may not be adequate to protect our business or assets or that others may make claims on our intellectual property, claim infringement on their intellectual property rights, or claim a violation of their license rights, including relative to free or open source components we may use;

•risks associated with significant leverage resulting from our current debt position or our ability to incur additional debt, including with respect to liquidity considerations, covenant limitations and compliance, fluctuations in interest rates, dilution considerations (with respect to our convertible notes), and our ability to maintain our credit ratings;

•risks that we may experience liquidity or working capital issues and related risks that financing sources may be unavailable to us on reasonable terms or at all;

•risks arising as a result of contingent or other obligations or liabilities assumed in our acquisition of our former parent company, Comverse Technology, Inc. (“CTI”), or associated with formerly being consolidated with, and part of a consolidated tax group with, CTI, or as a result of the successor to CTI’s business operations, Mavenir Inc. (“Mavenir”), being unwilling or unable to provide us with certain indemnities to which we are entitled;

•risks associated with changing accounting principles or standards, tax laws and regulations, tax rates, and the continuing availability of expected tax benefits;

•risks relating to the adequacy of our existing infrastructure, systems, processes, policies, procedures, internal controls, and personnel, and our ability to successfully implement and maintain enhancements to the foregoing, for our current and future operations and reporting needs, including related risks of financial statement omissions, misstatements, restatements, or filing delays;

•risks associated with market volatility in the prices of our common stock and convertible notes based on our performance, third-party publications or speculation, or other factors, and risks associated with actions of activist stockholders;

•risks associated with Apax Partners’ significant ownership position and potential that its interests will not be aligned with those of our common stockholders; and

iii

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•risks associated with the February 1, 2021 spin-off of our former Cyber Intelligence Solutions business, including the possibility that the spin-off transaction does not achieve the benefits anticipated, does not qualify as a tax-free transaction, or exposes us to unexpected claims or liabilities.

These risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and challenges, as well as other factors, are discussed in greater detail in “Risk Factors” under Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, ~~2022.~~2023. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which reflect our management’s view only as of the date of this report. We make no commitment to revise or update any forward-looking statements in order to reflect events or circumstances after the date any such statement is made, except as otherwise required under the federal securities laws. If we were in any particular instance to update or correct a forward-looking statement, investors and others should not conclude that we would make additional updates or corrections thereafter except as otherwise required under the federal securities laws.

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Part I

Item 1. Financial Statements

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VERINT SYSTEMS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)


		October 31,		January 31,			July 31,		January 31,
(in thousands, except share and per share data)	(in thousands, except share and per share data)	2022		2022		(in thousands, except share and per share data)	2023		2023
Assets	Assets					Assets
Current Assets:	Current Assets:					Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	$	252,073	$	358,805	Cash and cash equivalents	$	231,296	$	282,099
Short-term investments	Short-term investments	10,651		765		Short-term investments	1,452		697
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $1.3 million and $1.3 million, respectively		165,888		193,831
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $1.4 million and $1.3 million, respectively						Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $1.4 million and $1.3 million, respectively	140,031		188,414
Contract assets, net	Contract assets, net	49,133		42,688		Contract assets, net	57,690		60,444
Inventories	Inventories	10,611		5,337		Inventories	15,755		12,628
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	Prepaid expenses and other current assets	56,439		53,752		Prepaid expenses and other current assets	70,637		75,374
Total current assets	Total current assets	544,795		655,178		Total current assets	516,861		619,656
Property and equipment, net	Property and equipment, net	62,310		64,090		Property and equipment, net	49,003		64,810
Operating lease right-of-use assets	Operating lease right-of-use assets	37,704		35,433		Operating lease right-of-use assets	29,523		37,649
Goodwill	Goodwill	1,300,166		1,353,421		Goodwill	1,362,227		1,347,213
Intangible assets, net	Intangible assets, net	83,300		118,254		Intangible assets, net	69,812		85,272
Other assets	Other assets	144,156		134,729		Other assets	153,927		159,001
Total assets	Total assets	$	2,172,431	$	2,361,105	Total assets	$	2,181,353	$	2,313,601

Liabilities, Temporary Equity, and Stockholders' Equity	Liabilities, Temporary Equity, and Stockholders' Equity					Liabilities, Temporary Equity, and Stockholders' Equity
Current Liabilities:	Current Liabilities:					Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable	Accounts payable	$	42,204	$	39,501	Accounts payable	$	35,365	$	43,631
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	127,715		168,694		Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	119,169		155,944
Contract liabilities	Contract liabilities	223,968		271,271		Contract liabilities	238,738		271,476
Total current liabilities	Total current liabilities	393,887		479,466		Total current liabilities	393,272		471,051
Long-term debt	Long-term debt	408,361		406,954		Long-term debt	409,958		408,908
Long-term contract liabilities	Long-term contract liabilities	17,742		15,872		Long-term contract liabilities	12,327		18,047
Operating lease liabilities	Operating lease liabilities	35,665		28,457		Operating lease liabilities	33,009		40,744
Other liabilities	Other liabilities	44,338		39,456		Other liabilities	70,418		80,381
Total liabilities	Total liabilities	899,993		970,205		Total liabilities	918,984		1,019,131
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and Contingencies					Commitments and Contingencies
Temporary Equity:	Temporary Equity:					Temporary Equity:
Preferred Stock — $0.001 par value; authorized 2,207,000 shares	Preferred Stock — $0.001 par value; authorized 2,207,000 shares					Preferred Stock — $0.001 par value; authorized 2,207,000 shares
Series A Preferred Stock; 200,000 shares issued and outstanding at October 31, 2022 and January 31, 2022, respectively; aggregate liquidation preference and redemption value of $203,467 and $206,067 at October 31, 2022 and January 31, 2022, respectively.		200,628		200,628
Series B Preferred Stock; 200,000 shares issued and outstanding at October 31, 2022 and January 31, 2022, respectively; aggregate liquidation preference and redemption value of $203,467 and $206,067 at October 31, 2022 and January 31, 2022, respectively.		235,693		235,693
Series A Preferred Stock; 200,000 shares issued and outstanding at July 31, 2023 and January 31, 2023, respectively; aggregate liquidation preference and redemption value of $200,867 and $206,067 at July 31, 2023 and January 31, 2023, respectively.						Series A Preferred Stock; 200,000 shares issued and outstanding at July 31, 2023 and January 31, 2023, respectively; aggregate liquidation preference and redemption value of $200,867 and $206,067 at July 31, 2023 and January 31, 2023, respectively.	200,628		200,628
Series B Preferred Stock; 200,000 shares issued and outstanding at July 31, 2023 and January 31, 2023, respectively; aggregate liquidation preference and redemption value of $200,867 and $206,067 at July 31, 2023 and January 31, 2023, respectively.						Series B Preferred Stock; 200,000 shares issued and outstanding at July 31, 2023 and January 31, 2023, respectively; aggregate liquidation preference and redemption value of $200,867 and $206,067 at July 31, 2023 and January 31, 2023, respectively.	235,693		235,693
Total temporary equity	Total temporary equity	436,321		436,321		Total temporary equity	436,321		436,321
Stockholders' Equity:	Stockholders' Equity:					Stockholders' Equity:
Common stock — $0.001 par value; authorized 240,000,000 and 120,000,000 shares; issued 65,866,000 and 66,211,000 shares; outstanding 65,866,000 and 66,211,000 shares at October 31, 2022 and January 31, 2022, respectively.		66		66
Common stock — $0.001 par value; authorized 240,000,000 shares; issued 64,271,000 and 65,404,000 shares; outstanding 64,271,000 and 65,404,000 shares at July 31, 2023 and January 31, 2023, respectively.						Common stock — $0.001 par value; authorized 240,000,000 shares; issued 64,271,000 and 65,404,000 shares; outstanding 64,271,000 and 65,404,000 shares at July 31, 2023 and January 31, 2023, respectively.	64		65
Additional paid-in capital	Additional paid-in capital	1,071,549		1,125,152		Additional paid-in capital	1,009,269		1,055,157
Accumulated deficit	Accumulated deficit	(52,559)		(54,509)		Accumulated deficit	(48,038)		(45,333)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(185,301)		(118,515)		Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(137,667)		(154,099)
Total Verint Systems Inc. stockholders' equity	Total Verint Systems Inc. stockholders' equity	833,755		952,194		Total Verint Systems Inc. stockholders' equity	823,628		855,790
Noncontrolling interest	Noncontrolling interest	2,362		2,385		Noncontrolling interest	2,420		2,359
Total stockholders' equity	Total stockholders' equity	836,117		954,579		Total stockholders' equity	826,048		858,149
Total liabilities, temporary equity, and stockholders' equity	Total liabilities, temporary equity, and stockholders' equity	$	2,172,431	$	2,361,105	Total liabilities, temporary equity, and stockholders' equity	$	2,181,353	$	2,313,601

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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VERINT SYSTEMS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)


		Three Months Ended October 31,				Nine Months Ended October 31,					Three Months Ended July 31,				Six Months Ended July 31,
(in thousands, except per share data)	(in thousands, except per share data)	2022		2021		2022		2021		(in thousands, except per share data)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Revenue:	Revenue:									Revenue:
Recurring	Recurring	$	174,222	$	158,811	$	500,029	$	459,442	Recurring	$	160,999	$	166,440	$	327,438	$	325,807
Nonrecurring	Nonrecurring	50,971		66,009		165,969		180,899		Nonrecurring	49,166		56,459		99,293		114,998
Total revenue	Total revenue	225,193		224,820		665,998		640,341		Total revenue	210,165		222,899		426,731		440,805
Cost of revenue:	Cost of revenue:									Cost of revenue:
Recurring	Recurring	38,834		36,811		120,714		112,523		Recurring	39,567		40,852		79,210		81,880
Nonrecurring	Nonrecurring	28,013		30,524		90,781		90,909		Nonrecurring	27,372		30,700		54,167		62,768
Amortization of acquired technology	Amortization of acquired technology	3,550		4,749		10,742		13,559		Amortization of acquired technology	1,937		3,553		3,902		7,192
Total cost of revenue	Total cost of revenue	70,397		72,084		222,237		216,991		Total cost of revenue	68,876		75,105		137,279		151,840
Gross profit	Gross profit	154,796		152,736		443,761		423,350		Gross profit	141,289		147,794		289,452		288,965
Operating expenses:	Operating expenses:									Operating expenses:
Research and development, net	Research and development, net	32,941		31,029		97,844		91,969		Research and development, net	34,057		33,956		65,839		64,903
Selling, general and administrative	Selling, general and administrative	93,757		89,778		302,344		268,800		Selling, general and administrative	108,374		105,705		209,653		208,587
Amortization of other acquired intangible assets	Amortization of other acquired intangible assets	6,420		7,261		19,887		21,934		Amortization of other acquired intangible assets	6,370		6,623		12,700		13,467
Total operating expenses	Total operating expenses	133,118		128,068		420,075		382,703		Total operating expenses	148,801		146,284		288,192		286,957
Operating income		21,678		24,668		23,686		40,647
Operating (loss) income										Operating (loss) income	(7,512)		1,510		1,260		2,008
Other income (expense), net:	Other income (expense), net:									Other income (expense), net:
Interest income	Interest income	1,045		101		1,742		147		Interest income	1,808		498		3,790		697
Interest expense	Interest expense	(2,147)		(1,502)		(5,511)		(8,720)		Interest expense	(2,604)		(1,863)		(5,385)		(3,364)
Losses on early retirements of debt		—		—		—		(2,474)
Other income (expense), net		1,045		(417)		3,186		3,789
Other (expense) income, net										Other (expense) income, net	(24)		467		—		2,141
Total other expense, net	Total other expense, net	(57)		(1,818)		(583)		(7,258)		Total other expense, net	(820)		(898)		(1,595)		(526)
Income before provision for income taxes		21,621		22,850		23,103		33,389
Provision for income taxes		17,395		9,349		20,539		13,478
Net income		4,226		13,501		2,564		19,911
(Loss) income before (benefit from) provision for income taxes										(Loss) income before (benefit from) provision for income taxes	(8,332)		612		(335)		1,482
(Benefit from) provision for income taxes										(Benefit from) provision for income taxes	(2,544)		2,848		1,819		3,144
Net loss										Net loss	(5,788)		(2,236)		(2,154)		(1,662)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	150		264		614		875		Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	212		176		551		464
Net income attributable to Verint Systems Inc.		4,076		13,237		1,950		19,036
Net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc.										Net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc.	(6,000)		(2,412)		(2,705)		(2,126)
Dividends on preferred stock	Dividends on preferred stock	(5,200)		(5,200)		(15,600)		(13,722)		Dividends on preferred stock	(5,200)		(5,200)		(10,400)		(10,400)
Net (loss) income attributable to Verint Systems Inc. common shares		$	(1,124)	$	8,037	$	(13,650)	$	5,314
Net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. common shares										Net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. common shares	$	(11,200)	$	(7,612)	$	(13,105)	$	(12,526)

Net (loss) income per common share attributable to Verint Systems Inc.:
Net loss per common share attributable to Verint Systems Inc.:										Net loss per common share attributable to Verint Systems Inc.:
Basic	Basic	$	(0.02)	$	0.12	$	(0.21)	$	0.08	Basic	$	(0.17)	$	(0.12)	$	(0.20)	$	(0.19)
Diluted	Diluted	$	(0.02)	$	0.12	$	(0.21)	$	0.08	Diluted	$	(0.17)	$	(0.12)	$	(0.20)	$	(0.19)

Weighted-average common shares outstanding:	Weighted-average common shares outstanding:									Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic	Basic	65,583		65,570		65,161		65,474		Basic	64,294		64,958		64,603		64,948
Diluted	Diluted	65,583		66,328		65,161		67,268		Diluted	64,294		64,958		64,603		64,948

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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VERINT SYSTEMS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) ~~Income~~

(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended
October 31, Nine Months Ended
October 31,
(in thousands) 2022 2021 2022 2021
Net income $ 4,226 $ 13,501 $ 2,564 $ 19,911
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of reclassification adjustments:
Foreign currency translation adjustments (22,917) (7,104) (66,590) (2,843)
Distribution of Cognyte Software Ltd. — — — 17,123
Net (decrease) increase from foreign exchange contracts designated as hedges (94) 105 (239) 51
Net increase from interest rate swap prior to de-designation as a hedge — — — 1,014
Net increase from settlement of interest rate swap due to partial early retirement of Term Loan — — — 12,017
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes on net (decrease) increase from foreign exchange contracts and interest rate swap designated as hedges 17 (16) 43 (7)
Other comprehensive (loss) income (22,994) (7,015) (66,786) 27,355
Comprehensive (loss) income (18,768) 6,486 (64,222) 47,266
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests 150 264 614 875
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Verint Systems Inc. $ (18,918) $ 6,222 $ (64,836) $ 46,391


	Three Months Ended July 31,				Six Months Ended July 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net loss	$	(5,788)	$	(2,236)	$	(2,154)	$	(1,662)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of reclassification adjustments:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	7,845		(13,783)		16,457		(43,673)
Net increase (decrease) from foreign exchange contracts designated as hedges	93		43		(30)		(145)
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes on net increase (decrease) from foreign exchange contracts designated as hedges	(16)		(7)		5		26
Other comprehensive income (loss)	7,922		(13,747)		16,432		(43,792)
Comprehensive income (loss)	2,134		(15,983)		14,278		(45,454)
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests	212		176		551		464
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Verint Systems Inc.	$	1,922	$	(16,159)	$	13,727	$	(45,918)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

VERINT SYSTEMS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)

Verint Systems Inc. Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock Additional Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Total Verint Systems Inc. Stockholders’ Equity Total Stockholders’ Equity
(in thousands) Shares Par
Value Treasury
Stock Accumulated
Deficit Non-controlling
Interests
Balances as of January 31, 2022 66,211 $ 66 $ 1,125,152 $ — $ (54,509) $ (118,515) $ 952,194 $ 2,385 $ 954,579
Net income — — — — 286 — 286 288 574
Other comprehensive loss — — — — — (30,045) (30,045) — (30,045)
Stock-based compensation — equity-classified awards — — 16,011 — — — 16,011 — 16,011
Common stock issued for stock awards and stock bonuses 466 1 (1) — — — — — —
Treasury stock acquired (2,000) — — (105,666) — — (105,666) — (105,666)
Balances as of April 30, 2022 64,677 67 1,141,162 (105,666) (54,223) (148,560) 832,780 2,673 835,453
Net (loss) income — — — — (2,412) — (2,412) 176 (2,236)
Other comprehensive loss — — — — — (13,747) (13,747) — (13,747)
Stock-based compensation — equity-classified awards — — 23,362 — — — 23,362 — 23,362
Common stock issued for stock awards and stock bonuses 531 — 6,427 — — — 6,427 — 6,427
Treasury stock acquired — — — (14) — — (14) — (14)
Treasury stock retired — (2) (105,678) 105,680 — — — — —
Preferred stock dividends — — (10,400) — — — (10,400) — (10,400)
Distribution to noncontrolling interest — — — — — — — (490) (490)
Balances as of July 31, 2022 65,208 65 1,054,873 — (56,635) (162,307) 835,996 2,359 838,355
Net income — — — — 4,076 — 4,076 150 4,226
Other comprehensive loss — — — — — (22,994) (22,994) — (22,994)
Stock-based compensation - equity-classified awards — — 17,134 — — — 17,134 — 17,134
Common stock issued for stock awards and stock bonuses 668 1 (1) — — — — — —
Treasury stock acquired (10) — — (457) — — (457) — (457)
Treasury stock retired — — (457) 457 — — — — —
Distribution to noncontrolling interest — — — — — — — (147) (147)
Balances as of October 31, 2022 65,866 $ 66 $ 1,071,549 $ — $ (52,559) $ (185,301) $ 833,755 $ 2,362 $ 836,117

~~Table of Contents~~


		Verint Systems Inc. Stockholders’ Equity																												Verint Systems Inc. Stockholders’ Equity
		Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital												Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total Verint Systems Inc. Stockholders’ Equity					Total Stockholders’ Equity					Common Stock				Additional Paid-in Capital											Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total Verint Systems Inc. Stockholders’ Equity						Total Stockholders’ Equity
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	Shares	Par Value				Treasury Stock				Accumulated Deficit								Non-controlling Interests			(in thousands)		Shares					Par Value				Treasury Stock				Accumulated Deficit							Non-controlling Interests
Balances as of January 31, 2021		65,773	$	70			$	1,726,166			$	(208,124)			$	(113,797)				$	(136,878)	$	1,267,437				$	15,127		$	1,282,564
Net income		—	—		—				—				799				—			799		295			1,094
Other comprehensive income, excluding the distribution of Cognyte Software Ltd.		—	—		—				—				—				15,584			15,584		—			15,584
Distribution of Cognyte Software Ltd.		—	—		(281,665)				—				—				17,123			(264,542)		(12,870)			(277,412)
Stock-based compensation — equity-classified awards		—	—		14,253				—				—				—			14,253		—			14,253
Common stock issued for stock awards and stock bonuses		827	1		(1)				—				—				—			—		—			—
Common stock repurchased and retired		(1,058)	(1)		(49,580)				—				—				—			(49,581)		—			(49,581)
Treasury stock acquired		(543)	—		—				(25,868)				—				—			(25,868)		—			(25,868)
Purchases of capped calls, net of taxes		—	—		(32,416)				—				—				—			(32,416)		—			(32,416)
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU No. 2020-06, net of taxes		—	—		(43,445)				—				44,875				—			1,430		—			1,430
Balances as of April 30, 2021		64,999	70		1,333,312				(233,992)				(68,123)				(104,171)			927,096		2,552			929,648
Balances as of January 31, 2023																												Balances as of January 31, 2023		65,404		$	65		$	1,055,157			$	—		$	(45,333)			$	(154,099)		$	855,790		$	2,359		$	858,149
Net income	Net income	—	—		—				—				5,000				—			5,000		316			5,316			Net income		—		—		—				—			3,295				—			3,295			339			3,634
Other comprehensive income	Other comprehensive income	—	—		—				—				—				1,663			1,663		—			1,663			Other comprehensive income		—		—		—				—			—				8,510			8,510			—			8,510
Stock-based compensation — equity-classified awards	Stock-based compensation — equity-classified awards	—	—		15,984				—				—				—			15,984		—			15,984			Stock-based compensation — equity-classified awards		—		—		13,436				—			—				—			13,436			—			13,436
Common stock issued for stock awards and stock bonuses	Common stock issued for stock awards and stock bonuses	456	—		—				—				—				—			—		—			—			Common stock issued for stock awards and stock bonuses		475		—		—				—			—				—			—			—			—
Settlement of conversion premium upon maturity of 2014 Notes		1,250	—		(59,139)				59,131				—				—			(8)		—			(8)
Common stock received from exercise of Note Hedges		(1,250)	—		57,695				(57,692)				—				—			3		—			3
Common stock received from exercise of Note Hedges related to repurchased 2014 Notes		(42)	—		1,959				(1,959)				—				—			—		—			—
Purchases of capped calls, net of taxes		—	—		(25)				—				—				—			(25)		—			(25)
Treasury stock acquired		(1)	—		—				(12)				—				—			(12)		—			(12)
Common stock repurchased and retired																												Common stock repurchased and retired		(1,593)		(1)		(60,095)				—			—				—			(60,096)			—			(60,096)
Distribution to noncontrolling interest																												Distribution to noncontrolling interest		—		—		—				—			—				—			—			(245)			(245)
Balances as of April 30, 2023																												Balances as of April 30, 2023		64,286		64		1,008,498				—			(42,038)				(145,589)			820,935			2,453			823,388
Net (loss) income																												Net (loss) income		—		—		—				—			(6,000)				—			(6,000)			212			(5,788)
Other comprehensive income																												Other comprehensive income		—		—		—				—			—				7,922			7,922			—			7,922
Stock-based compensation — equity-classified awards																												Stock-based compensation — equity-classified awards		—		—		17,404				—			—				—			17,404			—			17,404
Common stock issued for stock awards and stock bonuses																												Common stock issued for stock awards and stock bonuses		388		—		7,735				—			—				—			7,735			—			7,735
Common stock repurchased and retired																												Common stock repurchased and retired		(403)		—		(13,968)				—			—				—			(13,968)			—			(13,968)
Preferred stock dividends	Preferred stock dividends	—	—		(7,656)				—				—				—			(7,656)		—			(7,656)			Preferred stock dividends		—		—		(10,400)				—			—				—			(10,400)			—			(10,400)
Distribution to noncontrolling interest	Distribution to noncontrolling interest	—	—		—				—				—				—			—		(245)			(245)			Distribution to noncontrolling interest		—		—		—				—			—				—			—			(245)			(245)
Balances as of July 31, 2021		65,412	70		1,342,130				(234,524)				(63,123)				(102,508)			942,045		2,623			944,668
Balances as of July 31, 2023																												Balances as of July 31, 2023		64,271		$	64	$	1,009,269			$	—		$	(48,038)			$	(137,667)		$	823,628		$	2,420		$	826,048

Balances as of January 31, 2022																												Balances as of January 31, 2022		66,211		$	66	$	1,125,152			$	—		$	(54,509)			$	(118,515)		$	952,194		$	2,385		$	954,579
Net income	Net income	—	—		—				—				13,237				—			13,237		264			13,501			Net income		—		—		—				—			286				—			286			288			574
Other comprehensive loss	Other comprehensive loss	—	—		—				—				—				(7,015)			(7,015)		—			(7,015)			Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—				—			—				(30,045)			(30,045)			—			(30,045)
Stock-based compensation - equity-classified awards		—	—		14,386				—				—				—			14,386		—			14,386
Stock-based compensation — equity-classified awards																												Stock-based compensation — equity-classified awards		—		—		16,011				—			—				—			16,011			—			16,011
Common stock issued for stock awards and stock bonuses																												Common stock issued for stock awards and stock bonuses		466		1		(1)				—			—				—			—			—			—
Treasury stock acquired																												Treasury stock acquired		(2,000)		—		—				(105,666)			—				—			(105,666)			—			(105,666)
Balances as of April 30, 2022																												Balances as of April 30, 2022		64,677		67		1,141,162				(105,666)			(54,223)				(148,560)			832,780			2,673			835,453
Net (loss) income																												Net (loss) income		—		—		—				—			(2,412)				—			(2,412)			176			(2,236)
Other comprehensive loss																												Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—				—			—				(13,747)			(13,747)			—			(13,747)
Stock-based compensation — equity-classified awards																												Stock-based compensation — equity-classified awards		—		—		23,362				—			—				—			23,362			—			23,362
Common stock issued for stock awards and stock bonuses	Common stock issued for stock awards and stock bonuses	293	1		(1)				—				—				—			—		—			—			Common stock issued for stock awards and stock bonuses		531		—		6,427				—			—				—			6,427			—			6,427
Treasury stock acquired	Treasury stock acquired	(11)	—		—				(473)				—				—			(473)		—			(473)			Treasury stock acquired		—		—		—				(14)			—				—			(14)			—			(14)
Treasury stock retired	Treasury stock retired	—	(5)		(234,992)				234,997				—				—			—		—			—			Treasury stock retired		—		(2)		(105,678)				105,680			—				—			—			—			—
Preferred stock dividends																												Preferred stock dividends		—		—		(10,400)				—			—				—			(10,400)			—			(10,400)
Distribution to noncontrolling interest	Distribution to noncontrolling interest	—	—		—				—				—				—			—		(375)			(375)			Distribution to noncontrolling interest		—		—		—				—			—				—			—			(490)			(490)
Balances as of October 31, 2021		65,694	$	66	$	1,121,523			$	—			$	(49,886)			$	(109,523)		$	962,180	$	2,512		$	964,692
Balances as of July 31, 2022																												Balances as of July 31, 2022		65,208		$	65	$	1,054,873			$	—		$	(56,635)			$	(162,307)		$	835,996		$	2,359		$	838,355

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

VERINT SYSTEMS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)
Nine Months Ended
October 31,
(in thousands) 2022 2021
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $ 2,564 $ 19,911
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 52,166 56,910
Stock-based compensation, excluding cash-settled awards 63,957 51,078
Change in fair value of future tranche right — (15,810)
Non-cash losses on derivative financial instruments, net — 14,374
Losses on early retirements of debt — 2,474
Other, net 8,072 264
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of business combinations:
Accounts receivable 22,079 45,586
Contract assets (8,256) 1,290
Inventories (5,452) (758)
Prepaid expenses and other assets (16,274) (21,586)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (9,542) (21,918)
Contract liabilities (38,513) (42,618)
Deferred income taxes (1,489) (15,530)
Other, net (701) (3,418)
Net cash provided by operating activities — continuing operations 68,611 70,249
Net cash used in operating activities — discontinued operations — (9,055)
Net cash provided by operating activities 68,611 61,194
Cash flows from investing activities:
Cash paid for business combinations, including adjustments, net of cash acquired (3,828) (57,214)
Purchases of property and equipment (17,920) (11,903)
Maturities and sales of investments 250 45,640
Purchases of investments (10,168) —
Cash paid for capitalized software development costs (5,703) (5,637)
Change in restricted bank time deposits, and other investing activities, net (107) (26)
Net cash used in investing activities (37,476) (29,140)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock — 198,731
Proceeds from borrowings — 315,000
Repayments of borrowings and other financing obligations (3,025) (312,415)
Settlement of 2014 Notes — (386,887)
Purchases of capped calls — (41,060)
Payments of debt-related costs (224) (10,708)
Purchases of treasury stock and common stock for retirement (106,137) (75,933)
Preferred stock dividend payments (20,800) (12,856)
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interest (637) (620)
Payment for termination of interest rate swap — (16,502)
Net cash transferred to Cognyte Software Ltd. — (114,657)
Dividend and other settlements received from Cognyte Software Ltd. — 38,280
Payments of contingent consideration for business combinations (financing portion), and other financing activities (3,518) (4,621)
Net cash used in financing activities (134,341) (424,248)
Foreign currency effects on cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents (3,510) (29)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents (106,716) (392,223)
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents, beginning of period 358,868 700,133
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents, end of period $ 252,152 $ 307,910

~~Table of Contents~~


		Nine Months Ended October 31,					Six Months Ended July 31,
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	2022		2021		(in thousands)	2023		2022
Cash flows from operating activities:						Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss						Net loss	$	(2,154)	$	(1,662)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:						Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization						Depreciation and amortization	42,792		35,348
Stock-based compensation, excluding cash-settled awards						Stock-based compensation, excluding cash-settled awards	34,156		44,053
Losses on early retirements of debt						Losses on early retirements of debt	237		—
Other, net						Other, net	4,500		7,631
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of business combinations and divestitures:						Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of business combinations and divestitures:
Accounts receivable						Accounts receivable	49,006		41,641
Contract assets						Contract assets	3,230		(1,600)
Inventories						Inventories	(3,166)		(1,344)
Prepaid expenses and other assets						Prepaid expenses and other assets	13,668		(28,580)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses						Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(29,506)		(6,289)
Contract liabilities						Contract liabilities	(40,697)		(38,626)
Deferred income taxes						Deferred income taxes	204		(301)
Other, net						Other, net	(8,938)		(3,591)
Net cash provided by operating activities						Net cash provided by operating activities	63,332		46,680

Cash flows from investing activities:						Cash flows from investing activities:
Cash paid for asset acquisitions and business combinations, including adjustments, net of cash acquired						Cash paid for asset acquisitions and business combinations, including adjustments, net of cash acquired	(916)		—
Purchases of property and equipment						Purchases of property and equipment	(8,548)		(10,160)
Maturities and sales of investments						Maturities and sales of investments	2,422		250
Purchases of investments						Purchases of investments	(3,180)		(250)
Cash paid for capitalized software development costs						Cash paid for capitalized software development costs	(4,388)		(3,816)
Change in restricted bank time deposits, and other investing activities, net						Change in restricted bank time deposits, and other investing activities, net	(1,211)		22
Net cash used in investing activities						Net cash used in investing activities	(15,821)		(13,954)

Cash flows from financing activities:						Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from borrowings						Proceeds from borrowings	100,000		—
Repayments of borrowings and other financing obligations						Repayments of borrowings and other financing obligations	(101,191)		(1,675)
Payments of debt-related costs						Payments of debt-related costs	(232)		(224)
Purchases of treasury stock and common stock for retirement						Purchases of treasury stock and common stock for retirement	(74,266)		(105,666)
Preferred stock dividend payments						Preferred stock dividend payments	(20,800)		(20,800)
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interest						Distributions paid to noncontrolling interest	(490)		(490)
Payments of contingent consideration for business combinations (financing portion), and other financing activities						Payments of contingent consideration for business combinations (financing portion), and other financing activities	(2,591)		(3,582)
Net cash used in financing activities						Net cash used in financing activities	(99,570)		(132,437)
Foreign currency effects on cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents						Foreign currency effects on cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents	1,257		(2,575)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents						Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents	(50,802)		(102,286)
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents, beginning of period						Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents, beginning of period	282,161		358,868
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents, end of period						Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents, end of period	$	231,359	$	256,582

Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents at end of period to the condensed consolidated balance sheets:	Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents at end of period to the condensed consolidated balance sheets:					Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents at end of period to the condensed consolidated balance sheets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	$	252,073	$	307,847	Cash and cash equivalents	$	231,296	$	256,502
Restricted cash and cash equivalents included in restricted cash and cash equivalents, and restricted bank time deposits		—		6
Restricted cash and cash equivalents included in prepaid expenses and other current assets	Restricted cash and cash equivalents included in prepaid expenses and other current assets	22		—		Restricted cash and cash equivalents included in prepaid expenses and other current assets	5		23
Restricted cash and cash equivalents included in other assets	Restricted cash and cash equivalents included in other assets	57		57		Restricted cash and cash equivalents included in other assets	58		57
Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents	Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents	$	252,152	$	307,910	Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents	$	231,359	$	256,582

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

VERINT SYSTEMS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Description of Business

Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “Verint”, “we”, “us”, and “our” in these notes to condensed consolidated financial statements refer to Verint Systems Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Verint helps ~~brands provide Boundless Customer Engagement™. For more than two decades,~~ the world’s most iconic brands continuously elevate the customer experience (“CX”) and reduce operating costs. More than 10,000 organizations in 175 countries – including ~~more than~~over 85 of the Fortune 100 companies – ~~have trusted Verint~~rely on Verint’s open customer engagement platform to ~~provide~~harness the ~~technology~~power of data and ~~domain expertise they require~~artificial intelligence (“AI”) to ~~effectively build enduring customer relationships.~~maximize CX automation.

Through the Verint Customer Engagement Cloud Platform, we offer our customers and partners solutions that are based on ~~artificial intelligence (“AI”)~~AI and are developed specifically for customer engagement. These solutions automate workflows across enterprise silos to optimize the workforce expense and at the same time drive an elevated consumer experience. Our ~~solutions are used by approximately 10,000 organizations in over 175 countries across~~customers, which span a diverse set of verticals, including financial services, healthcare, utilities, technology, and ~~government. Our customers~~government, include large enterprises with thousands of employees, as well as small to medium sized business ~~(“SMB”)~~ organizations.

Verint is headquartered in Melville, New York, and has approximately 3016 offices ~~worldwide.~~worldwide, in addition to a number of on-demand, flexible coworking spaces. We have approximately ~~4,300~~4,100 passionate employees ~~and~~plus a few hundred contractors around the globe exclusively focused on helping brands provide Boundless Customer Engagement™.

Spin-Off of Cognyte Software Ltd.

On February 1, 2021, we completed the ~~previously announced~~ spin-off (the “Spin-Off”) of Cognyte Software Ltd. (“Cognyte”), a company limited by shares incorporated under the laws of the State of Israel whose business and operations consist of our former Cyber Intelligence Solutions business. The Spin-Off of Cognyte was completed by way of a pro rata distribution in which holders of Verint’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, received one ordinary share of Cognyte, no par value, for every share of common stock of Verint held of record as of the close of business on January 25, 2021. After the distribution, we do not beneficially own any ordinary shares of Cognyte and no longer consolidate Cognyte into our financial results for periods ending after January 31, 2021. The Spin-Off was intended to be generally tax-free to our stockholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

In connection with the Spin-Off, we and Cognyte entered into a separation and distribution agreement as well as various other agreements that provide a framework for the relationships between the parties going forward, including among others an employee matters agreement, a tax matters agreement, and a transition services agreement, pursuant to which we and Cognyte agreed to provide and/or make available various administrative services and assets to each other for a given period based on each individual service. The performance of services under the transition services agreement was substantially concluded as of January 31, 2022, with only minimal advisory services continuing as of October 31, 2022.

Apax Convertible Preferred Stock Investment

On December 4, 2019, we announced that an affiliate (the “Apax Investor”) of Apax Partners (“Apax”) would make an investment in us in an amount of up to $400.0 million. Under the terms of the Investment Agreement, dated as of December 4, 2019 (the “Investment Agreement”), on May 7, 2020, the Apax Investor purchased $200.0 million of our Series A convertible preferred stock (“Series A Preferred Stock”). In connection with the completion of the Spin-Off, on April 6, 2021, the Apax Investor purchased $200.0 million of our Series B convertible preferred stock (the “Series B Preferred Stock” and together with the Series A Preferred Stock, the “Preferred Stock”). As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, Apax’s ownership in us on an as-converted basis was approximately ~~12.8%~~12.9%. Please refer to Note 9, “Convertible Preferred Stock” for a more detailed discussion of the Apax investment.

Preparation of Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial

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statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, ~~2022~~2023 filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), except for the recently adopted accounting pronouncements described below. The condensed consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss) ~~income,~~, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the periods ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, and the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, are not audited but reflect all adjustments that, in the opinion of management, are of a normal recurring nature and that are considered necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the periods shown. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of January 31, ~~2022~~2023 is derived from the audited consolidated financial statements presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, ~~2022.~~2023. Certain information and disclosures normally included in annual consolidated financial statements have been omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Because the condensed consolidated interim financial statements do not

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include all of the information and disclosures required by GAAP for a complete set of financial statements, they should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, ~~2022~~2023 filed with the SEC. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of a full year’s results.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Verint Systems Inc., and our wholly owned or otherwise controlled subsidiaries. Noncontrolling interests in less than wholly owned subsidiaries are reflected within stockholders’ equity on our condensed consolidated balance sheet, but separately from our stockholders’ equity.

Equity investments in companies in which we have less than a 20% ownership interest and cannot exercise significant influence, and which do not have readily determinable fair values, are accounted for at cost, adjusted for changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment of the same issuer, less any impairment.

We include the results of operations of acquired companies from the date of acquisition. All significant intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires our management to make estimates and assumptions, which may affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

In light of the currently unknown extent and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and other macroeconomic factors, we face a greater degree of uncertainty than normal in making the judgments and estimates needed to apply to certain of our significant accounting policies. We assessed certain accounting matters that generally require consideration of forecasted financial information in context with the information reasonably available to us and the unknown future impacts of COVID-19 and other macroeconomic factors as of October 31, 2022 and through the date of this report. These estimates may change, as new events occur and additional information is obtained. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

~~Assets Held for Sale~~

Assets are classified as held for sale when all of the following criteria for a plan of sale have been met: (i) management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the property; (ii) the property is available for immediate sale in its present condition, subject only to terms that are usual and customary; (iii) an active program to locate a buyer and other actions required to complete the plan to sell have been initiated; (iv) the sale of the property is probable and is expected to be completed within one year; (v) the property is being actively marketed for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value; and (vi) actions necessary to complete the plan of sale indicate that it is unlikely that significant changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be withdrawn.

Significant Accounting Policies

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There have been no material changes in our significant accounting policies during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, as compared to the significant accounting policies described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, ~~2022.~~2023.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In ~~May~~October 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) ~~No. 2021-04,~~ Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Debt-Modifications and Extinguishments (Subtopic 470-50), Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718), and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40) to clarify and reduce diversity in an issuer’s accounting for modifications or exchanges of freestanding equity-classified written call options (for example, warrants) that remain equity classified after modification or exchange. We adopted this standard as of February 1, 2022, and the adoption did not have any impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements, as the effect will largely depend on the terms of written call options or financings issued or modified in the future.

~~New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Effective~~

~~In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04,~~ ~~Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting.~~ ASU No. 2020-04 provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP if certain criteria are met to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued. In January 2021, the FASB issued Update 2021-01, ~~Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Scope.~~ The update provides additional optional guidance on the transition from LIBOR to include derivative instruments that use an interest rate for margining, discounting, or contract price alignment. The standard will ease, if warranted, the requirements for accounting for the future effects of the rate reform. An entity may elect to apply the amendments prospectively to contract modifications made on or before December 31, 2022. A portion of our indebtedness bears interest at variable interest rates, primarily based on euro-dollar LIBOR. We continue to monitor the impact the discontinuance of LIBOR or another reference rate will have on our contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions. We are currently assessing the impact of this standard on our condensed consolidated financial statements but do not expect it to have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

~~In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU~~ No. 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which ~~will require companies~~adds contract assets and contract liabilities to the list of exceptions to the recognition and measurement principles that apply ~~the definition of a performance obligation under ASC Topic 606,~~ ~~Revenue from Contracts with Customers~~, to business combinations and requires that an acquirer recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities ~~relating to contracts with customers that are~~ acquired in a business ~~combination. Under current GAAP, an acquirer generally recognizes assets acquired~~combination in accordance with revenue recognition guidance. We adopted this standard on a prospective basis for the annual and liabilities assumed in a business combination, including contract assets and contract liabilities arising from revenue contracts with customers, at fair value on the acquisition date. ASU No. 2021-08 will result in the acquirer recording acquired contract assets and liabilities on the same basis that would have been recorded by the acquiree before the acquisition under ASC Topic 606. ASU No. 2021-08 is effective for fiscal yearsinterim periods beginning ~~after December 15, 2022, with early~~February 1, 2023. The adoption ~~permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact~~ of this standard did not have any impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements ~~but~~as the ultimate impact is dependent on the size and frequency of future acquisitions and does not affect contract assets or contract liabilities related to acquisitions completed prior to the adoption date.

In August 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act (the "IRA") was signed into law. The IRA establishes a new book minimum tax of 15% on consolidated adjusted GAAP pre-tax earnings for corporations with average income in excess of $1 billion and is effective for us in tax years beginning after December 31, 2022. We do not expect to be subject to the corporate minimum tax. In addition, the IRA also introduced a nondeductible 1% excise tax on the fair market value of stock repurchases made by covered corporations after December 31, 2022. The total taxable value of shares repurchased is reduced by the fair market value of any newly issued shares during the taxable year. During the six months ended July 31, 2023, the calculated excise tax was $0.4 million and was recognized as part of the cost basis of shares acquired in our consolidated statement of stockholders' equity. We do not expect taxes due on future repurchases of our shares to have a material effect on our business.

In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU No. 2022-06, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848, which extends the period of time entities can utilize the reference rate reform relief guidance under ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting from December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2024. We expect to elect various optional expedients for contract modifications related to financial instruments affected by the reference rate reform through the effective date of December 31, 2024, as extended by ASU 2022-06. The application of this guidance did not have any impact on our consolidated financial statements.

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New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Effective

There are no new accounting pronouncements not yet adopted or effective that are expected to have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

2. REVENUE RECOGNITION

We derive our revenue primarily from providing customers the right to access our cloud-based solutions, the right to use our software for an indefinite or specified period of time, and related services and support based on when access or control of the software passes to our customers or the services are provided, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for such goods or services. Revenue is reported net of applicable sales and use tax, value-added tax and other transaction taxes imposed on the related transactions, including mandatory government charges that are passed through to our customers.

We determine revenue recognition through the following five steps:

•Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer

•Identification of the performance obligations in the contract

•Determination of the transaction price

•Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

•Recognition of revenue when, or as, performance obligations are ~~satisfied.~~satisfied

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We account for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance, and collectability of consideration is probable.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table provides a disaggregation of our recurring and nonrecurring revenue. Recurring revenue is the portion of our revenue that we believe is likely to be renewed in the future. The recurrence of these revenue streams in future periods depends on a number of factors including contractual periods and customers' renewal decisions.

•Recurring revenue primarily consists of:

◦~~Cloud revenue, which consists primarily of software~~Software as a service (“SaaS”) revenue, ~~and optional managed services revenue.~~

▪~~SaaS revenue~~which consists predominately of bundled SaaS (software access rights with standard managed services) and unbundled SaaS (software licensing rights accounted for as term-based licenses whereby customers have a license to our software with related support for a specific period).

▪Bundled SaaS revenue is recognized over time.

▪Unbundled SaaS revenue is recognized at a point in time, except for the related support which is recognized over time. Unbundled SaaS contracts are eligible for renewal after the initial fixed term, which in most cases is between a one- and three-year time frame. Unbundled SaaS can be deployed in the cloud, either by us or a cloud partner.

◦Optional managed services revenue.

◦Support revenue, which consists of initial and renewal support.

•Nonrecurring revenue primarily consists of our perpetual licenses, hardware, installation services, business advisory consulting and training services, and patent license royalties.

Three Months Ended
October 31, Nine Months Ended
October 31,
(in thousands) 2022 2021 2022 2021
Recurring revenue:
Bundled SaaS revenue $ 57,041 $ 48,390 $ 161,005 $ 130,639
Unbundled SaaS revenue 58,746 33,713 152,066 91,440
Optional managed services revenue 15,436 16,358 47,127 49,688
Total cloud revenue 131,223 98,461 360,198 271,767
Support revenue 42,999 60,350 139,831 187,675
Total recurring revenue 174,222 158,811 500,029 459,442
Nonrecurring revenue:
Perpetual revenue 24,425 40,436 88,473 102,108
Professional services revenue 26,546 25,573 77,496 78,791
Total nonrecurring revenue 50,971 66,009 165,969 180,899
Total revenue $ 225,193 $ 224,820 $ 665,998 $ 640,341

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	Three Months Ended July 31,				Six Months Ended July 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Recurring revenue:
Bundled SaaS revenue	$	62,066	$	54,679	$	121,519	$	103,964
Unbundled SaaS revenue	51,375		47,875		109,070		93,320
Total SaaS revenue	113,441		102,554		230,589		197,284
Optional managed services revenue	12,165		15,778		25,030		31,691
Support revenue	35,393		48,108		71,819		96,832
Total recurring revenue	160,999		166,440		327,438		325,807
Nonrecurring revenue:
Perpetual revenue	25,212		30,790		49,546		64,048
Professional services revenue	23,954		25,669		49,747		50,950
Total nonrecurring revenue	49,166		56,459		99,293		114,998
Total revenue	$	210,165	$	222,899	$	426,731	$	440,805

Contract Balances

The following table provides information about accounts receivable, contract assets, and contract liabilities from contracts with customers:


(in thousands)	(in thousands)	October 31, 2022		January 31, 2022		(in thousands)	July 31, 2023		January 31, 2023
Accounts receivable, net	Accounts receivable, net	$	165,888	$	193,831	Accounts receivable, net	$	140,031	$	188,414
Contract assets, net	Contract assets, net	$	49,133	$	42,688	Contract assets, net	$	57,690	$	60,444
Long-term contract assets, net (included in other assets)	Long-term contract assets, net (included in other assets)	$	33,644	$	30,510	Long-term contract assets, net (included in other assets)	$	34,014	$	37,950
Contract liabilities	Contract liabilities	$	223,968	$	271,271	Contract liabilities	$	238,738	$	271,476
Long-term contract liabilities	Long-term contract liabilities	$	17,742	$	15,872	Long-term contract liabilities	$	12,327	$	18,047

We receive payments from customers based upon contractual billing schedules, and accounts receivable are recorded when the right to consideration becomes unconditional. Contract assets are rights to consideration in exchange for goods or services that we have transferred to a customer when that right is conditional on something other than the passage of time. The majority of our contract assets represent unbilled amounts related to multi-year unbundled SaaS contracts and arrangements where our right

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to consideration is subject to the contractually agreed upon billing schedule. We expect billing and collection of a majority of our contract assets to occur within the next twelve months and asset impairment charges related to contract assets were immaterial in the ~~three and nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021.~~2022. As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, two partners, both authorized global resellers of our solutions, accounted for more than 10% of our aggregated accounts receivable and contract assets; Partner A was approximately ~~17%~~16% and Partner B was approximately ~~12%~~15%. As of January 31, ~~2022,~~2023, Partner A and Partner B each accounted for approximately ~~14% and Partner B accounted for less than 10%~~15% of our aggregated accounts receivable and contract assets. Credit losses relating to these customers have historically been immaterial.

Contract liabilities represent consideration received or consideration which is unconditionally due from customers prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of the contract. Revenue recognized during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022 from amounts included in contract liabilities at the beginning of each period was ~~$217.6~~$174.9 million and ~~$223.4~~$170.5 million, respectively.

Remaining Performance Obligations

Transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations ~~(“RPO”)~~ represents contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized, which includes contract liabilities and non-cancelable amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. The majority of our arrangements are for periods of up to three years, with a significant portion being one year or less.

We elected to exclude amounts of variable consideration attributable to sales- or usage-based royalties in exchange for a license of our IP from the remaining performance obligations. The timing and amount of revenue recognition for our remaining performance obligations is influenced by several factors, including seasonality, the timing of renewals, the timing of delivery of software licenses, the average length of the contract terms, and foreign currency exchange rates.

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The following table provides information about when we expect to recognize our remaining performance obligations:


(in thousands)	(in thousands)	October 31, 2022		January 31, 2022		(in thousands)	July 31, 2023		January 31, 2023
RPO:
Remaining performance obligations:						Remaining performance obligations:
Expected to be recognized within 1 year	Expected to be recognized within 1 year	$	425,139	$	447,428	Expected to be recognized within 1 year	$	426,906	$	464,346
Expected to be recognized in more than 1 year	Expected to be recognized in more than 1 year	269,845		274,404		Expected to be recognized in more than 1 year	254,336		262,695
Total RPO		$	694,984	$	721,832
Total remaining performance obligations						Total remaining performance obligations	$	681,242	$	727,041

3. NET ~~(LOSS) INCOME~~LOSS PER COMMON SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO VERINT SYSTEMS INC.

The following table summarizes the calculation of basic and diluted net ~~(loss) income~~loss per common share attributable to Verint Systems Inc. for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:

Three Months Ended
October 31, Nine Months Ended
October 31,
(in thousands, except per share amounts) 2022 2021 2022 2021
Net income $ 4,226 $ 13,501 $ 2,564 $ 19,911
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests 150 264 614 875
Net income attributable to Verint Systems Inc. 4,076 13,237 1,950 19,036
Dividends on preferred stock (5,200) (5,200) (15,600) (13,722)
Net (loss) income attributable to Verint Systems Inc. for basic net (loss) income per common share (1,124) 8,037 (13,650) 5,314
Dilutive effect of dividends on preferred stock — — — —
Net (loss) income attributable to Verint Systems Inc. for diluted net (loss) income per common share $ (1,124) $ 8,037 $ (13,650) $ 5,314
Weighted-average shares outstanding:
Basic 65,583 65,570 65,161 65,474
Dilutive effect of employee equity award plans — 758 — 1,043
Dilutive effect of 2021 Notes — — — —
Dilutive effect of 2014 Notes — — — 641

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		Three Months Ended October 31,				Nine Months Ended October 31,					Three Months Ended July 31,				Six Months Ended July 31,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2022		2021		2022		2021		(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Dilutive effect of warrants		—		—		—		110
Net loss										Net loss	$	(5,788)	$	(2,236)	$	(2,154)	$	(1,662)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests										Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	212		176		551		464
Net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc.										Net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc.	(6,000)		(2,412)		(2,705)		(2,126)
Dividends on preferred stock										Dividends on preferred stock	(5,200)		(5,200)		(10,400)		(10,400)
Net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. for basic net loss per common share										Net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. for basic net loss per common share	(11,200)		(7,612)		(13,105)		(12,526)
Dilutive effect of dividends on preferred stock										Dilutive effect of dividends on preferred stock	—		—		—		—
Net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. for diluted net loss per common share										Net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. for diluted net loss per common share	$	(11,200)	$	(7,612)	$	(13,105)	$	(12,526)

Weighted-average shares outstanding:										Weighted-average shares outstanding:
Basic										Basic	64,294		64,958		64,603		64,948
Dilutive effect of employee equity award plans										Dilutive effect of employee equity award plans	—		—		—		—
Dilutive effect of 2021 Notes										Dilutive effect of 2021 Notes	—		—		—		—
Dilutive effect of assumed conversion of preferred stock	Dilutive effect of assumed conversion of preferred stock	—		—		—		—		Dilutive effect of assumed conversion of preferred stock	—		—		—		—
Diluted	Diluted	65,583		66,328		65,161		67,268		Diluted	64,294		64,958		64,603		64,948

Net (loss) income per common share attributable to Verint Systems Inc.:
Net loss per common share attributable to Verint Systems Inc.:										Net loss per common share attributable to Verint Systems Inc.:
Basic	Basic	$	(0.02)	$	0.12	$	(0.21)	$	0.08	Basic	$	(0.17)	$	(0.12)	$	(0.20)	$	(0.19)
Diluted	Diluted	$	(0.02)	$	0.12	$	(0.21)	$	0.08	Diluted	$	(0.17)	$	(0.12)	$	(0.20)	$	(0.19)

We excluded the following weighted-average potential common shares from the calculations of diluted net ~~(loss) income~~loss per common share during the applicable periods because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:


		Three Months Ended October 31,		Nine Months Ended October 31,			Three Months Ended July 31,		Six Months Ended July 31,
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	2022	2021	2022	2021	(in thousands)	2023	2022	2023	2022
Common shares excluded from calculation:	Common shares excluded from calculation:					Common shares excluded from calculation:
Stock options and restricted stock-based awards		2,576	292	2,242	663
Warrants		—	8,333	—	—
Restricted stock-based awards						Restricted stock-based awards	1,477	2,580	1,779	2,075
Series A Preferred Stock	Series A Preferred Stock	5,497	5,497	5,497	5,497	Series A Preferred Stock	5,498	5,498	5,498	5,498
Series B Preferred Stock	Series B Preferred Stock	3,980	3,980	3,980	3,047	Series B Preferred Stock	3,980	3,980	3,980	3,980

In periods for which we report a net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. common shares, basic net loss per common share and diluted net loss per common share are identical since the effect of all potential common shares is anti-dilutive and therefore excluded.

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For the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the average price of our common stock did not exceed the $62.08 per share conversion price of our 2021 Notes (as defined in Note 7, “Long-Term Debt”), and other requirements for the 2021 Notes to be convertible were not met. The 2021 Notes will have a dilutive impact on net income per common share at any time when the average market price of our common stock for a quarterly reporting period exceeds the conversion price.

The Capped Calls (as defined in Note 7, “Long-Term Debt”) do not impact our diluted earnings per common share calculations as their effect would be anti-dilutive. The Capped Calls are generally intended to reduce the potential dilution to our common stock upon any conversion of the 2021 Notes and/or offset any cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount of converted 2021 Notes, in the event that at the time of conversion our common stock price exceeds the $62.08 conversion price, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap of $100.00.

Following the completion of the Spin-Off on February 1, 2021, the strike prices of the conversion features of our 2014 Notes and Warrants (each as defined in Note 7, “Long-Term Debt”) were reduced to $40.55 per share and $47.18 per share, respectively, which increased the equivalent number of underlying common shares to 9,541,000 and 9,865,000, respectively.

Our Note Hedges (as defined in Note 7, “Long-Term Debt”) did not impact our diluted earnings per common share calculation because their effect would be anti-dilutive. However, in connection with the maturity of the 2014 Notes, the common shares delivered to us under the Note Hedges neutralized the dilutive effect of the common shares that we issued under the 2014 Notes to settle the conversion premium. As a result, the settlement of the outstanding 2014 Notes did not increase our outstanding common stock.

Our Warrants had a dilutive impact on net income per common share to the extent that we reported net income for the applicable period and the average market value of our common stock exceeded the strike price of the Warrants. The Warrants expired incrementally on a series of expiration dates between August 30, 2021 and January 21, 2022. At each expiration date the Warrants were exercised when the market price per share of our common stock exceeded the strike price of the Warrants, and we issued an aggregate of 293,143 shares of our common stock as part of the cashless exercise of approximately 5,031,000 Warrants. All outstanding Warrants were exercised or expired as of January 31, 2022.

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Further details regarding the 2021 Notes and Capped Calls ~~2014 Notes, Note Hedges, and the Warrants~~ appear in Note 7, “Long-Term Debt”.

The weighted-average common shares underlying the assumed conversion of the Preferred Stock, on an as-converted basis, were excluded from the calculations of diluted net ~~(loss) income~~loss per common share for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. Further details regarding the Preferred Stock investment appear in Note 9, “Convertible Preferred Stock”.

4. CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS

The following tables summarize our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and January 31, ~~2022:~~2023:


		October 31, 2022									July 31, 2023
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	Cost Basis		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		(in thousands)	Cost Basis		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
Cash and cash equivalents:	Cash and cash equivalents:									Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and bank time deposits	Cash and bank time deposits	$	125,050	$	—	$	—	$	125,050	Cash and bank time deposits	$	138,124	$	—	$	—	$	138,124
Money market funds	Money market funds	57,202		—		—		57,202		Money market funds	57,816		—		—		57,816
Commercial paper	Commercial paper	69,821		—		—		69,821		Commercial paper	34,858		—		—		34,858
U.S. Treasury bills										U.S. Treasury bills	498		—		—		498
Total cash and cash equivalents	Total cash and cash equivalents	$	252,073	$	—	$	—	$	252,073	Total cash and cash equivalents	$	231,296	$	—	$	—	$	231,296

Short-term investments:	Short-term investments:									Short-term investments:
Commercial paper		$	9,962	$	—	$	—	$	9,962
Bank time deposits	Bank time deposits	689		—		—		689		Bank time deposits	$	1,452	$	—	$	—	$	1,452
Total short-term investments	Total short-term investments	$	10,651	$	—	$	—	$	10,651	Total short-term investments	$	1,452	$	—	$	—	$	1,452


		January 31, 2022									January 31, 2023
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	Cost Basis		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		(in thousands)	Cost Basis		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
Cash and cash equivalents:	Cash and cash equivalents:									Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and bank time deposits	Cash and bank time deposits	$	201,769	$	—	$	—	$	201,769	Cash and bank time deposits	$	134,289	$	—	$	—	$	134,289
Money market funds	Money market funds	127,041		—		—		127,041		Money market funds	96,941		—		—		96,941
Commercial paper	Commercial paper	29,995		—		—		29,995		Commercial paper	50,869		—		—		50,869
Total cash and cash equivalents	Total cash and cash equivalents	$	358,805	$	—	$	—	$	358,805	Total cash and cash equivalents	$	282,099	$	—	$	—	$	282,099

Short-term investments:	Short-term investments:									Short-term investments:
Bank time deposits	Bank time deposits	$	765	$	—	$	—	$	765	Bank time deposits	$	697	$	—	$	—	$	697
Total short-term investments	Total short-term investments	$	765	$	—	$	—	$	765	Total short-term investments	$	697	$	—	$	—	$	697

Bank time deposits which are reported within short-term investments consist of deposits held outside of the United States with maturities of greater than 90 days, or without specified maturity dates which we intend to hold for periods in excess of 90 days. All other bank deposits are included within cash and cash equivalents.

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During the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, proceeds from maturities and sales of short-term investments were ~~$0.3~~$2.4 million and ~~$45.6~~$0.3 million, respectively.

5. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS, ASSET ACQUISITIONS, AND DIVESTITURES

~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023

15We did not complete any business combinations during the six months ended July 31, 2023.

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Year Ended January 31, 2023

During the ~~nine months~~year ended ~~October~~January 31, 2023, we completed two business combinations:

•In August 2022, we completed the acquisition of a company with conversational AI technology ~~and~~including six employees. ~~This transaction resulted in increases to goodwill, customer relationships, and acquired technology intangible assets, but was~~

•In January 2023, we completed the acquisition of a provider of appointment scheduling solutions including approximately 20 employees.

These business combinations were not material to our ~~condensed~~ consolidated financial statements.

~~Year Ended January 31, 2022~~

~~Conversocial Limited~~

~~On August 23, 2021, we completed~~The combined consideration for these business combinations was approximately $38.4 million, including $26.1 million of combined cash paid at the ~~acquisition~~closings, contingent consideration with an estimated fair value of ~~all~~$12.2 million, and purchase price adjustments of $0.1 million. The combined consideration was partially offset by $4.2 million of combined cash received in the acquisitions. The contingent consideration had a maximum payout amount of approximately $21.4 million as of the ~~outstanding shares~~respective acquisition dates, and is contingent upon the achievement of Conversocial Limited (together with its subsidiaries, “Conversocial”), a leading messaging platform that enables brands to deliver superior customer experiences. Conversocial has offices in London, United Kingdom and New York, New York.certain performance targets over periods extending through January 2026. Cash paid for these business combinations was funded by cash on hand.

The combined purchase ~~price consisted~~prices were allocated to intangible assets, including the recognition of ~~(i) $53.4~~$6.0 million of ~~cash paid at closing, funded from cash on hand, partially offset by $3.2~~developed technology, $4.2 million of ~~Conversocial’s cash received~~customer relationships, and $0.1 million of trade names. The acquisitions resulted in the ~~acquisition, resulting in net cash consideration at closing~~recognition of ~~$50.2 million; and (ii) $0.2~~$25.6 million of ~~other purchase price adjustments. The purchase price~~goodwill, of which $5.1 million is deductible for ~~Conversocial was allocated to the tangible~~income tax purposes and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date, with the remaining unallocated purchase price recorded as goodwill. The fair values assigned to identifiable intangible assets acquired were determined primarily by using the income approach, which discounts the expected future cash flows to present value using estimates and assumptions determined by management.

~~Among~~$20.5 million is not deductible. Included among the factors contributing to the recognition of goodwill ~~as a component of the Conversocial purchase price allocation~~in these transactions were synergies in products and technologies, and the addition of a skilled, assembled ~~workforce. The acquisition resulted in the recognition of $31.3 million of goodwill, of which $0.5 million is deductible for income tax purposes and $30.8 million is not deductible.~~workforces.

In connection with the purchase price allocation for Conversocial, the estimated fair value of undelivered performance obligations under customer contracts assumed in the acquisition was determined utilizing a cost build-up approach. The cost build-up approach calculated fair value by estimating the costs required to fulfill the obligations plus a reasonable profit margin, which approximates the amount that we believe would be required to pay a third party to assume the performance obligations. The estimated costs to fulfill the performance obligations were based on the historical direct costs for delivering similar services. As a result, in allocating the purchase price, we recorded $3.4 million of current and long-term contract liabilities, representing the estimated fair value of undelivered performance obligations for which payment had been received, which will be recognized as revenue as the underlying performance obligations are delivered. For undelivered performance obligations for which payment had not been received, we recorded a $1.2 million asset as a component of the purchase price allocation, representing the estimated fair value of these obligations, $0.7 million of which was included within prepaid expenses and other current assets and $0.5 million of which was included in other assets. We are amortizing this asset over the underlying delivery periods, which adjusts the revenue we recognize for providing these services to its estimated fair value.

~~Transaction~~combined transaction and related costs, ~~directly attributable to the acquisition of Conversocial,~~ consisting primarily of professional fees and integration expenses were ~~$0.1~~$0.2 million and ~~$1.3~~$0.4 million for the three and six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022 and 2021, respectively, and $1.1 million and $2.4 million for the nine months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021,~~2023, respectively. All transaction and related costs were expensed as incurred and are included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Revenue and net income (loss) attributable to ~~Conversocial included in our consolidated statement of operations~~these acquisitions for the ~~nine months ended October 31, 2022 were not material.~~

~~The purchase price allocation for Conversocial is final.~~

~~The following table sets forth the components~~three and ~~the allocation of the purchase price for our acquisition of Conversocial, including adjustments identified subsequent to the valuation date, none of which were material:~~

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~~(in thousands)~~	~~Amount~~
~~Components of Purchase Price:~~
~~Cash~~	$	~~53,409~~
~~Other purchase price adjustments~~	~~(190)~~
~~Total purchase price~~	$	~~53,219~~

~~Allocation of Purchase Price:~~
~~Net tangible assets (liabilities):~~
~~Accounts receivable~~	$	~~1,694~~
~~Other current assets, including cash acquired~~	~~5,462~~
~~Other assets~~	~~511~~
~~Current and other liabilities~~	~~(1,945)~~
~~Contract liabilities — current and long-term~~	~~(3,410)~~
~~Deferred income taxes~~	~~(301)~~
~~Net tangible assets~~	~~2,011~~
~~Identifiable intangible assets:~~
~~Customer relationships~~	~~9,800~~
~~Developed technology~~	~~9,900~~
~~Trademarks and trade names~~	~~200~~
~~Total identifiable intangible assets~~	~~19,900~~
~~Goodwill~~	~~31,308~~
~~Total purchase price allocation~~	$	~~53,219~~

The acquired customer relationships, developed technology, and trademarks and trade names were assigned estimated useful lives of seven years, five years, and one year, respectively, the weighted average of which is approximately 5.9 years. The acquired identifiable intangible assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis, which we believe approximates the pattern in which the assets are utilized, over their estimated useful lives.

~~Other Business Combinations~~

~~Year Ended January 31, 2022~~

~~During the three~~six months ended July 31, 2021, we completed the acquisition of certain assets from a leader in contact center hiring automation that qualified as a business combination. This transaction resulted in increases to goodwill, customer relationships, and acquired technology intangible assets, but was2023 were not ~~material to our condensed consolidated financial statements, and as a result, additional business combination disclosures for this acquisition have been omitted.~~material.

Other Business Combination Information

For the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2022 and 2021, and the nine months ended October 31, 2022, the changes in the fair values of contingent consideration obligations associated with business combinations were immaterial. During the nine months ended October 31, 2021,2023, we recorded a ~~$0.7~~benefit of $2.4 million, ~~charge~~and for the six months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022, we recorded a benefit of $2.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively, within selling, general and administrative expenses for changes in the fair values of contingent consideration obligations associated with business combinations, which was based on our historical business combinations achieving certain objectives and milestones. There were no changes in the fair values of our contingent consideration obligations for the three months ended July 31, 2022. The aggregate fair values of the remaining contingent consideration obligations associated with business combinations was ~~$2.8~~$7.9 million at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, of which $5.2 million was recorded within accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and $2.7 million was recorded within other liabilities.

Payments of contingent consideration earned under these agreements were ~~$7.5~~$2.8 million and ~~$9.6~~$4.8 million ~~for the nine months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. There were no payments of contingent consideration earned under these agreements~~ for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and ~~2021,~~$3.1 million and $7.5 million for the six months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Asset Acquisition

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In July 2023, we entered into an agreement to acquire source code that qualifies as an asset acquisition and made an initial deposit payment of $1.0 million upon the execution of the contract and incurred direct transaction costs related to such asset acquisition of $0.2 million. The purchase deposit payment and direct transaction costs were capitalized as other assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of July 31, 2023. The acquisition agreement stipulates the establishment of additional milestone payments totaling $3.0 million. These milestone payments are contingent upon the successful delivery of the source code and the attainment of specific developmental objectives within the upcoming twelve months and will be reduced by any amounts paid under a separate transition services agreement, which the parties have also entered into. During August 2023, $2.0 million of these milestone payments was paid into a third-party escrow account in accordance with the transaction agreement, and $1.0 million was paid to the seller upon satisfaction of the source code delivery milestone.

The transaction also provides for additional consideration contingent upon achieving certain performance targets for the years ending January 31, 2025 and 2026 of up to $5.0 million, with a minimum of $2.0 million guaranteed over the period, plus the opportunity to receive additional payments from us based on any revenue we receive from sales of products based on the acquired technology in adjacent markets. Contingent consideration is not recorded in an asset acquisition until the contingency is resolved (when the contingent consideration is paid or becomes payable) or when probable and reasonably estimable.

Divestiture

In March 2023, we completed the sale of an insignificant product line that we inherited as part of a legacy acquisition and did not fit with our current business priorities or strategic direction. The total consideration for the sale was $0.7 million, which is payable to us in three equal installments through March 2025, the first installment of which was received in July 2023. The transaction reduced goodwill by $0.3 million and intangible assets by $0.2 million and resulted in a gain of approximately $0.2 million, which was recorded within other (expense) income, net in our condensed consolidated statement of operations.

6. INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL

Acquisition-related intangible assets, excluding certain intangible assets previously acquired that were fully amortized and removed from our condensed consolidated balance sheets, consisted of the following as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and January 31, ~~2022:~~

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2023:


		October 31, 2022							July 31, 2023
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	Cost		Accumulated Amortization		Net		(in thousands)	Cost		Accumulated Amortization		Net
Intangible assets with finite lives:	Intangible assets with finite lives:							Intangible assets with finite lives:
Customer relationships	Customer relationships	$	444,099	$	(375,569)	$	68,530	Customer relationships	$	461,273	$	(405,376)	$	55,897
Acquired technology	Acquired technology	219,520		(204,908)		14,612		Acquired technology	228,829		(215,007)		13,822
Trade names	Trade names	5,107		(4,949)		158		Trade names	4,495		(4,402)		93
Distribution network	Distribution network	2,440		(2,440)		—		Distribution network	2,440		(2,440)		—
Total intangible assets	Total intangible assets	$	671,166	$	(587,866)	$	83,300	Total intangible assets	$	697,037	$	(627,225)	$	69,812


		January 31, 2022							January 31, 2023
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	Cost		Accumulated Amortization		Net		(in thousands)	Cost		Accumulated Amortization		Net
Intangible assets with finite lives:	Intangible assets with finite lives:							Intangible assets with finite lives:
Customer relationships	Customer relationships	$	467,408	$	(375,827)	$	91,581	Customer relationships	$	458,013	$	(390,113)	$	67,900
Acquired technology	Acquired technology	229,501		(203,895)		25,606		Acquired technology	229,317		(212,065)		17,252
Trade names	Trade names	5,677		(4,610)		1,067		Trade names	4,479		(4,359)		120
Distribution network	Distribution network	2,440		(2,440)		—		Distribution network	2,440		(2,440)		—
Total intangible assets	Total intangible assets	$	705,026	$	(586,772)	$	118,254	Total intangible assets	$	694,249	$	(608,977)	$	85,272

Total amortization expense recorded for acquisition-related intangible assets was ~~$10.0~~$8.3 million and ~~$12.0~~$10.2 million for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively, and ~~$30.6~~$16.6 million and ~~$35.5~~$20.7 million for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively. The reported amount of net acquisition-related intangible assets can fluctuate from the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on intangible assets not denominated in U.S. dollars.

Estimated future amortization expense on finite-lived acquisition-related intangible assets is as follows:

(in thousands)
Years Ending January 31, Amount
2023 (remainder of year) $ 8,552
2024 29,756
2025 14,461
2026 13,319
2027 9,492
2028 and thereafter 7,720
Total $ 83,300

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(in thousands)
Years Ending January 31,	Amount
2024 (remainder of year)	$	15,928
2025	16,878
2026	15,474
2027	11,684
2028	6,967
2029 and thereafter	2,881
Total	$	69,812

There were no impairments of acquired intangible assets during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022. We recorded $0.4 million of impairments for certain acquired trade names for the nine months ended October 31, 2021, which was included within selling, general~~2023 and ~~administrative expenses.~~2022.

Goodwill activity for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 was as follows:

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(in thousands)	Amount
~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023:
Goodwill, gross, at January 31, ~~2022~~2023	$	~~1,409,464~~1,403,256
Accumulated impairment losses through January 31, ~~2022~~2023	(56,043)
Goodwill, net, at January 31, ~~2022~~2023	~~1,353,421~~1,347,213
Foreign currency translation and other	~~(58,095)~~14,874
Business combinations, including adjustments to prior period acquisitions	~~4,840~~140
Goodwill, net, at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023	$	~~1,300,166~~1,362,227

Balance at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023
Goodwill, gross, at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023	$	~~1,356,209~~1,418,270
Accumulated impairment losses through ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023	(56,043)
Goodwill, net, at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023	$	~~1,300,166~~1,362,227

No events or circumstances indicating the potential for goodwill impairment were identified during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October 31, 2022. We will perform our annual goodwill impairment analysis as of November 1, 2022 during the three months ending January~~July 31, 2023.

7. LONG-TERM DEBT

The following table summarizes our long-term debt at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and January 31, ~~2022:~~2023:


		October 31,		January 31,			July 31,		January 31,
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	2022		2022		(in thousands)	2023		2023
2021 Notes	2021 Notes	$	315,000	$	315,000	2021 Notes	$	315,000	$	315,000
Term Loan	Term Loan	100,000		100,000		Term Loan	—		100,000
Revolving Credit Facility						Revolving Credit Facility	100,000		—
Less: unamortized debt discounts and issuance costs	Less: unamortized debt discounts and issuance costs	(6,639)		(8,046)		Less: unamortized debt discounts and issuance costs	(5,042)		(6,092)
Total debt	Total debt	408,361		406,954		Total debt	409,958		408,908
Less: current maturities	Less: current maturities	—		—		Less: current maturities	—		—
Long-term debt	Long-term debt	$	408,361	$	406,954	Long-term debt	$	409,958	$	408,908

2021 Notes

On April 9, 2021, we issued $315.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 0.25% convertible senior notes due April 15, 2026 (the “2021 Notes”), unless earlier converted by the holders pursuant to their terms. The 2021 Notes are unsecured and pay interest in cash semiannually in arrears at a rate of 0.25% per annum.

We used a portion of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2021 Notes to pay the costs of the Capped Calls described below. We also used a portion of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2021 Notes, together with the net proceeds from the April 6, 2021 issuance of $200.0 million of Series B Preferred Stock, to repay a portion of the outstanding indebtedness under

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our Credit Agreement described below, to terminate ~~the 2018 Swap (as defined in Note 13, “Derivative Financial Instruments”),~~an interest rate swap, and to repurchase shares of our common stock. The remainder is being used for working capital and other general corporate purposes.

The 2021 Notes are convertible into shares of our common stock at an initial conversion rate of 16.1092 shares per $1,000 principal amount of 2021 Notes, which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $62.08 per share, subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events, and subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments. Prior to January 15, 2026, the 2021 Notes will be convertible only upon the occurrence of certain events and during certain periods, and will be convertible thereafter at any time until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date of the 2021 Notes. Upon conversion of the 2021 Notes, holders will receive cash up to the aggregate principal amount, with any remainder to be settled with cash or common stock, or a combination thereof, at our election. As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the 2021 Notes were not convertible.

We incurred approximately $8.9 million of issuance costs in connection with the 2021 Notes, which were deferred and are presented as a reduction of long-term debt, and which are being amortized as interest expense over the term of the 2021 Notes.

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Including the impact of the deferred debt issuance costs, the effective interest rate on the 2021 Notes was approximately 0.83% at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023.

Based on the closing market price of our common stock on ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the if-converted value of the 2021 Notes was less than their aggregate principal amount.

~~2014 Notes~~

On June 18, 2014, we issued $400.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.50% convertible senior notes, with a maturity date of June 1, 2021 (the “2014 Notes”). Net proceeds from the 2014 Notes after underwriting discounts were $391.9 million. The 2014 Notes were unsecured and paid interest in cash semiannually in arrears at a rate of 1.50% per annum.

During the three months ended July 31, 2020, we repurchased $13.1 million principal amount of the 2014 Notes (the “Repurchased 2014 Notes”) in open market transactions for an aggregate of $13.0 million in cash, resulting in a debt extinguishment loss of $0.1 million, and a $0.2 million charge to additional paid-in-capital.

In connection with the maturity of the 2014 Notes on June 1, 2021, we paid an aggregate of $389.8 million in cash for the settlement of the 2014 Notes, which included $386.9 million in satisfaction of the outstanding principal of the 2014 Notes and $2.9 million related to the final interest payment on the 2014 Notes. We funded the repayment of the outstanding principal amount of the 2014 Notes and accrued interest thereon using cash we had placed in escrow on February 26, 2021. Additionally, the 2014 Notes had an incremental conversion value of $57.7 million as the market value per share of our common stock, as measured under the terms of the 2014 Notes, was greater than the conversion price of the 2014 Notes. We issued approximately 1,250,000 shares of common stock to the holders of the 2014 Notes as payment of the conversion premium, which we issued from treasury stock.

~~Capped Calls, Note Hedges and Warrants~~

Capped Calls

In connection with the issuance of the 2021 Notes, on April 6, 2021 and April 8, 2021, we entered into capped call transactions (the “Capped Calls”) with certain counterparties. The Capped Calls are generally intended to reduce the potential dilution to our common stock upon any conversion of the 2021 Notes and/or offset any cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount of converted 2021 Notes, in the event that at the time of conversion our common stock price exceeds the conversion price, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap.

The Capped Calls exercise price is equal to the $62.08 initial conversion price of each of the 2021 Notes, and the cap price is $100.00, each subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the Capped Calls. Our exercise rights under the Capped Calls generally trigger upon conversion of the 2021 Notes, and the Capped Calls terminate upon maturity of the 2021 Notes, or the first day the 2021 Notes are no longer outstanding. As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, no Capped Calls have been exercised.

Pursuant to their terms, the Capped Calls qualify for classification within stockholders’ equity, and their fair value is not remeasured and adjusted as long as they continue to qualify for stockholders’ equity classification. We paid approximately $41.1 million for the Capped Calls, including applicable transaction costs, which was recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital.

~~Note Hedges and Warrants~~

Concurrently with the issuance of the 2014 Notes, we entered into convertible note hedge transactions (the “Note Hedges”) and sold warrants (the “Warrants”). The combination of the Note Hedges and the Warrants served to increase the effective initial conversion price for the 2014 Notes to $75.00 per share. Subsequent to the Spin-Off, as a result of conversion rate adjustments, the Note Hedges and the Warrants served to increase the effective conversion price for the 2014 Notes to $47.18 per share. The Note Hedges and Warrants were each separate instruments from the 2014 Notes.

~~Note Hedges~~

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$40.55, which was equal to the adjusted conversion price of the 2014 Notes. We were permitted to settle the Note Hedges in cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination thereof, at our option, and the Note Hedges were intended to reduce our exposure to potential dilution upon conversion of the 2014 Notes. We paid $60.8 million for the Note Hedges, which was recorded as a charge to additional paid-in capital. Our exercise rights under the Note Hedges were automatically triggered upon conversion of any 2014 Notes and the Note Hedges otherwise terminated upon maturity of the 2014 Notes on June 1, 2021. In connection with the maturity of the 2014 Notes on June 1, 2021, we received approximately 1,250,000 shares of our common stock from the counterparties under the Note Hedges, which offset the dilution resulting from the stock settlement of the conversion premium on the 2014 Notes as the market value per share of our common stock, as measured under the terms of the Note Hedges, was greater than the strike price of the Note Hedges.

The Repurchased 2014 Notes acquired during the three months ended July 31, 2020 as described above did not change the number of common shares subject to the Note Hedges as the counterparties agreed that the options under the Note Hedges remained outstanding notwithstanding such repurchase. Upon maturity of the 2014 Notes, we received approximately 42,000 shares of our common stock from the counterparties to the Note Hedges as reimbursement for the in-the-money portion of the Repurchased 2014 Notes.

~~Warrants~~

We sold the Warrants to several counterparties. The Warrants initially provided the counterparties rights to acquire from us up to approximately 6,205,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $75.00 per share. As a result of the Spin-Off, the terms of the Warrants were adjusted to provide the counterparties the rights to acquire from us up to approximately 9,865,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $47.18 per share. Proceeds from the sale of the Warrants were $45.2 million and were recorded as additional paid-in capital. The Warrants expired incrementally on a series of expiration dates between August 30, 2021 and January 21, 2022. At each expiration date, the Warrants were exercised when the market price per share of our common stock exceeded the strike price of the Warrants, and we issued an aggregate of 293,143 shares of our common stock as part of the cashless exercise of approximately 5,031,000 Warrants. The Warrants had a dilutive effect on net income per share to the extent that the average market value of our common stock, as measured under the terms of the Warrants, exceeded the strike price of the Warrants. All outstanding Warrants were exercised or expired as of January 31, 2022.

The Note Hedges and Warrants both qualified for classification within stockholders’ equity, and therefore no changes to their respective fair values were recorded in our condensed consolidated statements of operations for any period.

~~Credit Agreement~~

Credit Agreement

On June 29, 2017, we entered into a credit agreement with certain lenders and terminated a prior credit agreement. The credit agreement was amended in 2018, 2020, 2021, and ~~2021,~~2023, as further described below (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”).

The Credit Agreement provides for $725.0 million of senior secured credit facilities, comprised of a $425.0 million term loan ~~maturing~~originally set to mature on June 29, 2024 (the “Term Loan”), ~~of which $100.0 million was outstanding at October 31, 2022 and January 31, 2022,~~ and a $300.0 million revolving credit facility maturing on April 9, 2026 (the “Revolving Credit Facility”)~~, none of which was drawn as of October 31, 2022 and January 31, 2022.~~. The Revolving Credit Facility replaced our prior $300.0 million revolving credit facility (the “Prior Revolving Credit Facility”) and is subject to increase and reduction from time to time according to the terms of the Credit Agreement. The majority of the proceeds from the Term Loan were used to repay all outstanding term loans under our prior credit agreement.

~~The Term Loan was subject to an original issuance discount~~Optional prepayments of ~~approximately $0.5 million, which is being amortized as interest expense over the term of the Term Loan using the effective interest method.~~

~~Interest rates on~~ loans under the Credit Agreement are ~~periodically reset, at our option, at either a Eurodollar Rate~~generally permitted without premium or an ABR Rate (each as defined in the Credit Agreement), plus in each case a margin. On January 31, 2018, we entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement (the “2018 Amendment”) providing for, among other things, a reduction of the interest rate margins on the Term Loan from 2.25% to 2.00% for Eurodollar loans, and from 1.25% to 1.00% for ABR loans.

penalty. During the three months ended April 30, 2021, in addition to our regular quarterly $1.1 million principal payment, we repaid $309.0 million of our Term Loan, reducing the outstanding principal balance to $100.0 million. On April 27, 2023, we repaid the remaining $100.0 million outstanding principal balance on our Term Loan utilizing proceeds from borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility, along with $0.5 million of accrued interest thereon. As a result, ~~$1.8~~$0.2 million of combined deferred debt issuance costs and ~~$0.2 million of~~ unamortized discount associated with the Term Loan were written off and are included within ~~losses on early retirements of debt~~interest expense on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the ~~nine~~six months ended July 31, 2023.

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~~October 31, 2021. Optional prepayments of~~Interest rates on loans under the Credit Agreement are ~~generally permitted without premium~~periodically reset, at our option, originally at either a Eurodollar Rate (which was derived from LIBOR) or ~~penalty.~~an ABR Rate (each as defined in the Credit Agreement), plus in each case a margin.

On ~~April 9, 2021,~~May 10, 2023, we amended the Credit Agreement (the “2021 Amendment”), pursuant to which we replaced the Prior Revolving Credit Facility, which would otherwise have matured on June 29, 2022, with the current $300.0 million Revolving Credit Facility maturing on April 9, 2026.

The maturity dates of the Term Loan and Prior Revolving Credit Facility would have been accelerated to March 1, 2021 if on such date any 2014 Notes remained outstanding, unless such outstanding 2014 Notes were cash collateralized pursuant to a secondentered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement (the ~~“2020~~“Fourth Amendment”)~~, entered into on June 8, 2020. Pursuant~~ related to the ~~2020 Amendment, we were permitted to effect~~planned phase-out of LIBOR by the ~~Spin-Off within~~UK Financial Conduct Authority. Effective July 1, 2023, borrowings under the ~~parameters~~Credit Agreement will bear interest, at our option, at either: (i) the alternate base rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement), plus the applicable margin therefor (as defined in the Credit Agreement) or (ii) the adjusted Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate published by the CME Term SOFR Administrator (as more fully defined and set forth in the Credit Agreement, ~~as amended.~~“Adjusted Term SOFR”), plus the applicable margin therefor. The applicable margin in each case is determined based on our Leverage Ratio (as defined below) and ranges from 0.25% to 1.25% for borrowings bearing interest at the alternate base rate and from 1.25% to 2.25% for borrowings bearing interest based on Adjusted Term SOFR.

~~As of October~~Borrowings outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility were $100.0 million at July 31, ~~2022, the interest rate~~2023, which is included in long-term debt on the Term Loan was 5.13%. Taking into account the impact of the original issuance discount and related deferred debt issuance costs, the effective interest rate on the Term Loan was approximately 5.34% at October 31, 2022. As of January 31, 2022, the interest rate on the Term Loan was 2.10%.

our condensed consolidated balance sheet. For borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, the margin is determined by reference to our Consolidated Total Debt to Consolidated EBITDA (each as defined in the Credit Agreement) leverage ratio (the "Leverage Ratio"). As of July 31, 2023, the interest rate on our revolving credit facility borrowings was 6.93%. In addition, ~~under the Revolving Credit Facility,~~ we are required to pay a commitment fee with respect to unused availability under the Revolving Credit Facility at rates per annum determined by reference to our Leverage Ratio. The proceeds of borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility may be used for our working capital and general corporate purposes, including for permitted acquisitions and permitted stock repurchases, and the repayment of term loans, if any.

Our obligations under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed by each of our direct and indirect existing and future material domestic wholly owned restricted subsidiaries, and are secured by a security interest in substantially all of our assets and the assets of the guarantor subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions.

The Credit Agreement contains certain customary affirmative and negative covenants for credit facilities of this type. The Credit Agreement also contains a financial covenant that, solely with respect to the Revolving Credit Facility, requires us to maintain a Leverage Ratio of no greater than 4.50 to 1. The limitations imposed by the covenants are subject to certain exceptions as detailed in the Credit Agreement.

The Credit Agreement provides for events of default with corresponding grace periods that we believe are customary for credit facilities of this type. Upon an event of default, all of our obligations owed under the Credit Agreement may be declared immediately due and payable, and the lenders’ commitments to make loans under the Credit Agreement may be terminated.

~~Credit Agreement Issuance and Amendment Costs~~

We incurred debt issuance costs of approximately $6.8 million in connection with the Credit Agreement, of which $4.1 million were associated with the Term Loan, and $2.7 million were associated with the Prior Revolving Credit Facility, which were deferred and are being amortized as interest expense over the terms of the facilities. During the year ended January 31, 2018, we wrote off $0.2 million of deferred debt issuance costs associated with the Term Loan as a result of the 2018 Amendment. During the year ended January 31, 2021, we incurred $2.1 million of debt modification costs related to the 2020 Amendment, $1.2 million of which were expensed, and $0.9 million of which were deferred (comprised of $0.5 million associated with the Term Loan, and $0.4 million associated with the Prior Revolving Credit Facility), and which are being amortized along with the previously deferred debt issuance costs.

At the time of the 2021 Amendment, there were $1.3 million of unamortized deferred debt issuance costs associated with the Prior Revolving Credit Facility, of which $0.8 million were associated with commitments under the Prior Revolving Credit Facility provided by lenders that are continuing to provide commitments under the current Revolving Credit Facility and therefore continued to be deferred, and which are now being amortized over the term of the Revolving Credit Facility. The remaining $0.5 million of unamortized deferred debt issuance costs associated with the Prior Revolving Credit Facility were written off and are included within losses on early retirements of debt on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended October 31, 2021. We incurred $1.5 million of debt modification costs related to the 2021 Amendment, all of which are associated with the Revolving Credit Facility, which have been deferred and are being amortized along with the previously deferred debt issuance costs over the term of the Revolving Credit Facility.

Deferred debt issuance costs associated with the Term Loan ~~are being~~were amortized using the effective interest rate method, and deferred debt issuance costs associated with the Revolving Credit Facility are being amortized on a straight-line basis.

~~Future Principal Payments on the Term Loan~~

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As a result of the significant Term Loan principal payments made during the three months ended April 30, 2021, no further principal payments are required prior to the maturity of the Term Loan on June 29, 2024.

Interest Expense

The following table presents the components of interest expense incurred on the 2021 Notes ~~the 2014 Notes,~~ and on borrowings under our Credit Agreement, for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:


		Three Months Ended October 31,				Nine Months Ended October 31,					Three Months Ended July 31,				Six Months Ended July 31,
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	2022		2021		2022		2021		(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
2021 Notes:	2021 Notes:									2021 Notes:
Interest expense at 0.25% coupon rate	Interest expense at 0.25% coupon rate	$	196	$	197	$	588	$	442	Interest expense at 0.25% coupon rate	$	197	$	197	$	394	$	392
Amortization of deferred debt issuance costs	Amortization of deferred debt issuance costs	441		436		1,320		978		Amortization of deferred debt issuance costs	443		440		886		879
Total Interest Expense — 2021 Notes	Total Interest Expense — 2021 Notes	$	637	$	633	$	1,908	$	1,420	Total Interest Expense — 2021 Notes	$	640	$	637	$	1,280	$	1,271

2014 Notes:
Interest expense at 1.50% coupon rate		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,933
Amortization of deferred debt issuance costs		—		—		—		522
Total Interest Expense — 2014 Notes		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	2,455

Borrowings under Credit Agreement:	Borrowings under Credit Agreement:									Borrowings under Credit Agreement:
Interest expense at contractual rates	Interest expense at contractual rates	$	1,186	$	533	$	2,559	$	2,830	Interest expense at contractual rates	$	1,697	$	813	$	3,347	$	1,373
Impact of interest rate swap reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		1,014
Amortization of debt discounts	Amortization of debt discounts	5		5		14		13		Amortization of debt discounts	—		4		5		9
Amortization of deferred debt issuance costs	Amortization of deferred debt issuance costs	217		218		645		713		Amortization of deferred debt issuance costs	183		217		387		428
Losses on early retirements of debt										Losses on early retirements of debt	—		—		237		—
Total Interest Expense — Borrowings under Credit Agreement	Total Interest Expense — Borrowings under Credit Agreement	$	1,408	$	756	$	3,218	$	4,570	Total Interest Expense — Borrowings under Credit Agreement	$	1,880	$	1,034	$	3,976	$	1,810

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On May 1, 2020, the 2018 Swap no longer qualified as a cash flow hedge for accounting purposes and as such, accumulated deferred losses on the 2018 Swap that were previously recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss were being reclassified to the condensed consolidated statement of operations as interest expense over the remaining term of the interest rate swap, as the previously hedged interest payments occurred. On April 13, 2021, we paid $16.5 million to settle the 2018 Swap prior to its June 2024 maturity, and reclassified the remaining $15.7 million of pretax accumulated deferred losses from accumulated other comprehensive loss within stockholders’ equity to other income (expense) on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended October 31, 2021. The associated $3.7 million deferred tax asset was reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss and netted against income taxes receivable during the year ended January 31, 2022.

~~Please refer to Note 13, “Derivative Financial Instruments” for further information regarding the 2018 Swap.~~

8. SUPPLEMENTAL CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

Inventories consisted of the following as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and January 31, ~~2022:~~2023:


		October 31,		January 31,			July 31,		January 31,
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	2022		2022		(in thousands)	2023		2023
Raw materials	Raw materials	$	3,666	$	3,001	Raw materials	$	4,075	$	3,325
Work-in-process	Work-in-process	216		150		Work-in-process	225		40
Finished goods	Finished goods	6,729		2,186		Finished goods	11,455		9,263
Total inventories	Total inventories	$	10,611	$	5,337	Total inventories	$	15,755	$	12,628

23Other liabilities consisted of the following as of July 31, 2023 and January 31, 2023:

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	July 31,		January 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2023
Unrecognized tax benefits, including interest and penalties	$	53,517	$	52,887
Other	16,901		27,494
Total other liabilities	$	70,418	$	80,381

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

Other (expense) income, ~~(expense),~~ net consisted of the following for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:

Three Months Ended
October 31, Nine Months Ended
October 31,
(in thousands) 2022 2021 2022 2021
Foreign currency gains (losses), net $ 1,360 $ (687) $ 3,620 $ (1,691)
Losses on derivative financial instruments, net — — — (14,374)
Change in fair value of future tranche right — — — 15,810
Other, net (315) 270 (434) 4,044
Total other income (expense), net $ 1,045 $ (417) $ 3,186 $ 3,789

~~Please refer to Note 9, “Convertible Preferred Stock” for additional information regarding the future tranche right.~~


	Three Months Ended July 31,				Six Months Ended July 31, 2023
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Foreign currency (losses) gains, net	$	(64)	$	547	$	173	$	2,260
Other, net	40		(80)		(173)		(119)
Total other (expense) income, net	$	(24)	$	467	$	—	$	2,141

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

The following table provides supplemental information regarding our condensed consolidated cash flows for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:


		Nine Months Ended October 31,					Six Months Ended July 31,
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	2022		2021		(in thousands)	2023		2022
Cash paid for interest	Cash paid for interest	$	3,203	$	9,150	Cash paid for interest	$	4,211	$	1,693
Cash payments of income taxes, net	Cash payments of income taxes, net	$	12,818	$	37,371	Cash payments of income taxes, net	$	9,922	$	5,403
Cash payments for operating leases	Cash payments for operating leases	$	21,275	$	14,854	Cash payments for operating leases	$	10,175	$	18,656
Non-cash investing and financing transactions:	Non-cash investing and financing transactions:					Non-cash investing and financing transactions:
Leasehold improvements funded by lease incentive		$	5,090	$	—
Finance leases of property and equipment	Finance leases of property and equipment	$	567	$	4,276	Finance leases of property and equipment	$	272	$	189
Liabilities for contingent consideration in business combinations		$	2,822	$	900
Accrued but unpaid purchases of property and equipment	Accrued but unpaid purchases of property and equipment	$	4,079	$	479	Accrued but unpaid purchases of property and equipment	$	806	$	2,035
Settlement of Future Tranche Right upon issuance of Series B Preferred Stock		$	—	$	36,962
Retirement of treasury stock	Retirement of treasury stock	$	106,137	$	234,997	Retirement of treasury stock	$	—	$	105,680
Settlement of convertible note premium with common stock		$	—	$	59,131
Receipt of common stock from the counterparties under the Note Hedges		$	—	$	59,651
Excise tax on share repurchases						Excise tax on share repurchases	$	414	$	—

9. CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK

On December 4, 2019, we entered into the Investment Agreement with the Apax Investor whereby, subject to certain closing conditions, the Apax Investor agreed to make an investment in us in an amount up to $400.0 million as follows:

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•On May 7, 2020, ~~(the “Series A Closing Date”),~~ we issued a total of 200,000 shares of our Series A Preferred Stock for an aggregate purchase price of $200.0 million, or $1,000 per share, to the Apax Investor. In connection therewith, we incurred direct and incremental costs of $2.7 million, including financial advisory fees, closing costs, legal fees, and other offering-related costs. These direct and incremental costs reduced the carrying amount of the Series A Preferred Stock.

•In connection with the completion of the Spin-Off, on April 6, 2021, ~~(the “Series B Closing Date” and together with the Series A Closing Date, as applicable, the “Applicable Closing Date”),~~ we issued a total of 200,000 shares of our Series B Preferred Stock for an aggregate purchase price of $200.0 million, or $1,000 per share, to the Apax Investor. In connection therewith, we incurred direct and incremental costs of $1.3 million, including financial advisory fees, closing costs, legal fees, and other offering-related costs. These direct and incremental costs reduced the carrying amount of the Series B Preferred Stock.

Each of the rights, preferences, and privileges of the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock are set forth in separate certificates of designation filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on the ~~Applicable Closing Date.~~

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applicable issuance date.

Voting Rights

Holders of the Preferred Stock have the right to vote on matters submitted to a vote of the holders of our common stock, on an as-converted basis; however, in no event will the holders of Preferred Stock have the right to vote shares of the Preferred Stock on an as-converted basis in excess of 19.9% of the voting power of the common stock outstanding immediately prior to December 4, 2019.

Dividends and Liquidation Rights

The Preferred Stock ranks senior to the shares of our common stock with respect to dividend rights and rights on the distribution of assets on any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs. Shares of Preferred Stock have a liquidation preference of the greater of $1,000 per share or the amount that would be received if the shares are converted at the then applicable conversion price at the time of such liquidation.

Each series of Preferred Stock pays dividends at an annual rate of 5.2% until ~~the 48-month anniversary of the Series A Closing Date,~~May 7, 2024, and thereafter at a rate of 4.0%, subject to adjustment under certain circumstances. Dividends on the Preferred Stock are cumulative and payable semi-annually in arrears in cash. All dividends that are not paid in cash will remain accumulated dividends with respect to each share of Preferred Stock. The dividend rate is subject to increase (i) to 6.0% per annum in the event the number of shares of common stock into which the Preferred Stock could be converted exceeds 19.9% of the voting power of outstanding common stock on ~~the Series A Closing Date~~December 4, 2019 (unless we obtain shareholder approval of the issuance of common stock upon conversion of the Preferred Stock) and (ii) by 1.0% each year, up to a maximum dividend rate of 10.0% per annum, in the event we fail to satisfy our obligations to redeem the Preferred Stock in specified circumstances.

For the ~~nine~~three and six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, we paid $10.4 million and $20.8 million of preferred stock dividends, respectively, $10.4 million of which was accrued as of January 31, ~~2022,~~2023, and there were ~~$6.9~~$1.7 million of cumulative undeclared and unpaid preferred stock dividends at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023. There were ~~no dividends paid during the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, and we had~~ no accrued dividends as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023. We reflected $5.2 million and ~~$15.6~~$10.4 million of preferred stock dividends in our condensed consolidated results of operations, for purposes of computing net ~~(loss) income~~loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. common shares, for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022, respectively. There were $5.2 million~~2023 and ~~$13.7 million of preferred stock dividends recorded in our condensed consolidated results of operations for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2021,~~2022, respectively.

Conversion

The Series A Preferred Stock was initially convertible into common stock at the election of the holder, subject to certain conditions, at an initial conversion price of $53.50 per share. The initial conversion price represented a conversion premium of 17.1% over the volume-weighted average price per share of our common stock over the 45 consecutive trading days immediately prior to ~~the date of the Investment Agreement.~~December 4, 2019. In accordance with the Investment Agreement, the Series A Preferred Stock did not participate in the Spin-Off distribution of the Cognyte shares, which occurred on February 1, 2021, and the Series A Preferred Stock conversion price was instead adjusted to $36.38 per share based on the ratio of the relative trading prices of Verint and Cognyte following the Spin-Off. The Series B Preferred Stock is convertible at a conversion price of $50.25, based in part on our trading price over the 20 day trading period following the Spin-Off. As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the maximum number of shares of common stock that could be required to be issued upon conversion of the outstanding shares of Preferred Stock was approximately ~~9.6~~9.5 million shares and Apax’s ownership in us on an as-converted basis was approximately ~~12.8%~~12.9%.

~~At any time after 36 months following~~

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Beginning May 7, 2023, in the ~~Applicable Closing Date,~~case of the Series A Preferred Stock, and April 6, 2024, in the case of the Series B Preferred Stock, we ~~will~~ have the option to require that all (but not less than all) of the then-outstanding shares of Preferred Stock of the series convert into common stock if the volume-weighted average price per share of the common stock for at least 30 trading days in any 45 consecutive trading day period exceeds 175% of the then-applicable conversion price of such series (a “Mandatory Conversion”). As of July 31, 2023, the volume-weighted average price per share of common stock has not exceeded 175% of the $36.38 conversion price of the Series A Preferred Stock.

We may redeem any or all of the Preferred Stock of a series for cash at any time after May 7, 2026, in the ~~72-month anniversary~~case of the ~~Applicable Closing Date~~Series A Preferred Stock, and April 6, 2027, in the case of the Series B Preferred Stock, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the liquidation preference of the shares of the Preferred Stock, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends to, but excluding, the redemption date, plus a make-whole amount designed to allow the Apax Investor to earn a total 8.0% internal rate of return on such shares.

The Apax Investor has agreed to restrictions on its ability to dispose of shares of the Preferred Stock until the earlier of (1) the 36-month anniversary of the Series A Closing Date or (2) the 24-month anniversary of the consummation of the Spin-Off (the

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~~“Preferred Stock Restricted Period”). Following the Preferred Stock Restricted Period, the~~ Preferred Stock may not be sold or transferred without our prior written consent. The ~~Apax Investor had also agreed to restrictions on its ability to dispose of the~~ common stock ~~issued~~issuable upon conversion of the Preferred ~~Stock.~~Stock is not subject to this restriction. The ~~common stock could not be disposed of until~~restriction on the ~~earlier of (1) the 12-month anniversary of consummation~~sale or transfer of the ~~Spin-Off or (2) the 24-month anniversary of the Series A Closing Date. These restrictions did~~Preferred Stock does not apply to certain transfers to one or more permitted co-investors or transfers or pledges of the Preferred Stock ~~or common stock~~ pursuant to the terms of specified margin loans ~~to be~~ entered into by the Apax Investor as well as transfers effected pursuant to a merger, consolidation, or similar transaction consummated by us and transfers that are approved by our board of directors.

At any time after November 7, 2028, in the ~~102-month anniversary~~case of the ~~Applicable Closing Date~~Series A Preferred Stock, and October 6, 2029, in the case of the Series B Preferred Stock, or upon the occurrence of a change of control triggering event (as defined in the certificates of designation), the holders of the applicable series of Preferred Stock will have the right to cause us to redeem all of the outstanding shares of Preferred Stock for cash at a redemption price equal to 100% of the liquidation preference of the shares of such series, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends to, but excluding, the redemption date. Therefore, the Preferred Stock has been classified as temporary equity on our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and January 31, ~~2022,~~2023, separate from permanent equity, as the potential required repurchase of the Preferred Stock, however remote in likelihood, is not solely under our control.

As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the Preferred Stock was not redeemable, and we have concluded that it is currently not probable of becoming redeemable, including from the occurrence of a change in control triggering event. The holders’ redemption rights which occur at November 7, 2028, in the ~~102-month anniversary~~case of the ~~Applicable Closing Date~~Series A Preferred Stock, and October 6, 2029, in the case of the Series B Preferred Stock, are not considered probable because there is a more than remote likelihood that the Mandatory Conversion may occur prior to such redemption rights. We therefore did not adjust the carrying amount of the Preferred Stock to its current redemption amount, which was its liquidation preference at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 plus accrued and unpaid dividends. As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the stated value of the liquidation preference for each series of Preferred Stock was $200.0 million and cumulative, unpaid dividends on each series of Preferred Stock was ~~$3.5~~$0.9 million.

Future Tranche Right

We determined that our obligation to issue and the Apax Investor’s obligation to purchase 200,000 shares of the Series B Preferred Stock in connection with the completion of the Spin-Off and the satisfaction of other customary closing conditions (the “Future Tranche Right”) met the definition of a freestanding financial instrument as the Future Tranche Right is legally detachable and separately exercisable from the Series A Preferred Stock. At issuance, we allocated a portion of the proceeds from the issuance of the Series A Preferred Stock to the Future Tranche Right based upon its fair value at such time, with the remaining proceeds being allocated to the Series A Preferred Stock. The Future Tranche Right was remeasured at fair value each reporting period until the settlement of the right (at the time of the issuance of the Series B Preferred Stock), and changes in its fair value were recognized as a non-cash charge or benefit within other income (expense), net on the condensed consolidated statement of operations.

AtUpon issuance of the Series A ~~Closing Date,~~Preferred Stock on May 7, 2020, the Future Tranche Right was recorded as an asset of $3.4 million, as the purchase price of the Series B Preferred Stock was greater than its estimated fair value at the expected settlement date. This resulted in a $203.4 million carrying value, before direct and incremental issuance costs, for the Series A Preferred Stock.

Immediately prior to the issuance of the Series B Preferred Stock, the Future Tranche Right was remeasured ~~to fair value~~ and as a result we recorded a non-cash benefit of $15.8 million related to the change in fair value of the Future Tranche Right for the three months ended April 30, 2021, within other income (expense), net. Uponupon the issuance of the Series B Preferred Stock in April 2021, the Future Tranche Right was settled, resulting in a reclassification of the $37.0 million fair value of the Future Tranche Right liability at that time to the carrying value of the Series B Preferred Stock. This resulted in a $237.0 million carrying value, before direct and incremental issuance costs, for the Series B Preferred

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Stock. As a result of the issuance of the Series B Preferred Stock, we no longer recognize changes in the fair value of the Future Tranche Right in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

10. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock Dividends

We did not declare or pay any cash dividends on our common stock during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021.~~2022. Under the terms of our Credit Agreement, we are subject to certain restrictions on declaring and paying cash dividends on our common stock.

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Treasury Stock

In connection with the Spin-Off, each holder of Verint’s common stock received one ordinary share of Cognyte for every share of common stock of Verint held of record as of the close of business on January 25, 2021.

~~Stock Repurchase Programs~~

~~On March 31, 2021, we announced that~~From time to time, our board of directors ~~had authorized a stock repurchase program whereby we were authorized~~has approved limited programs to repurchase up to a number of shares of common stock approximately equal to the number of shares to be issued as equity compensation during the fiscal year ending January 31, 2022. During the three months ended April 30, 2021, we repurchased 1,600,000 shares of our common stock from our directors or officers in connection with the vesting of restricted stock or restricted stock units to facilitate required income tax withholding by us or the payment of required income taxes by such holders. In addition, the terms of some of our equity award agreements with all grantees provide for automatic repurchases by us for the same purpose if a vesting-related or delivery-related tax event occurs at a ~~cost~~time when the holder is not permitted to sell shares in the market. Our stock bonus program contains similar terms. Any such repurchases of ~~$75.4 million under this program. There were no repurchases under this program subsequent to April 30, 2021,~~common stock occur at prevailing market prices and ~~this program expired on January 31, 2022.~~are recorded as treasury stock.

On December 2, 2021, we announced that our board of directors had authorized a stock repurchase program for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2023 whereby we may repurchase up to 1,500,000 shares of common stock to offset dilution from our equity compensation program for such fiscal year. To further offset such dilution as well as other dilutive transactions, on March 22, 2022, our board of directors authorized an additional 500,000 shares of common stock to be repurchased under this program. During the nine months ended October 31, 2022, we repurchased 2,000,000 shares of our common stock at a cost of $105.7 million under this program. Repurchases were financed with available cash in the United States.

On December 7, 2022, we announced that our board of directors had authorized a new stock repurchase program for the period from December 12, 2022 until January 31, 2025, whereby we may repurchase shares of common stock not to exceed, in the aggregate, $200.0 million during the repurchase period. Please refer to Note 16, “Subsequent Event”, for more information regarding this stock repurchase program.

~~Treasury Stock~~

Repurchased shares of common stock are typically recorded as treasury stock, at cost, but may from time to time be retired at management’s discretion, as approved by the board of directors in March 2021. From time to time, we have purchasedWe periodically purchase common stock from our directors, officers, and other employees to facilitate income tax withholding by us or the payment of required income taxes by such holders ~~upon~~in connection with the vesting of equity awards occurring during a Company-imposed trading blackout or lockup period. When treasury shares are reissued, they are recorded at the average cost of the treasury shares acquired.

No treasury stock remained outstanding at July 31, 2023 and January 31, 2023, respectively.

Stock Repurchase Programs

On December 7, 2022, we announced that our board of directors had authorized a stock repurchase program for the period from December 12, 2022 until January 31, 2025, whereby we may repurchase shares of common stock in an amount not to exceed, in the aggregate, $200.0 million during the repurchase period.

During the ~~nine months~~year ended ~~October~~January 31, ~~2022,~~2023, we repurchased ~~2,010,000~~approximately 649,000 shares of our common stock for a cost of ~~$106.1~~$23.5 million ~~which includes $105.7 million of share repurchases~~ under the ~~2022~~current stock repurchase ~~program described above as well as other purchases to facilitate income tax withholding or payments as described above.~~ program. During the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2022, we retired all 2,010,000 shares with a cost of $106.1 million, which was recorded as a reduction of additional paid-in capital and common stock. These shares were returned to the status of authorized and unissued shares.

~~During the nine months ended October 31, 2021,~~2023, we repurchased approximately ~~1,613,000~~1,996,000 shares of our common stock for a cost of ~~$75.9~~$74.1 million, ~~which included $75.4~~including excise tax of $0.4 million, ~~of stock repurchases~~ under the ~~2021~~current stock repurchase ~~program described above and other repurchases to facilitate income tax withholding or payments as described above.~~program. During the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021,~~2023, we retired ~~1,058,300~~all 1,996,000 shares, ~~that had been repurchased under the 2021 stock repurchase program described above with a cost of $49.6 million,~~ which was recorded as a reduction of common stock and additional paid-in capital. These shares were returned to the status of authorized and unissued shares. Our share repurchases in excess of issuances are subject to a 1% excise tax enacted by the IRA. The excise tax of $0.4 million was recognized as part of the cost basis of shares acquired in the condensed consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity during the six months ended July 31, 2023.

During the ~~three~~six months ended July 31, ~~2021, in connection with the maturity of our 2014 Notes,~~2022, we issued approximately 1,250,000 treasury shares with an average cost of $47.30 per share to the holders of the 2014 Notes in satisfaction of the conversion premium, which was recorded as a $59.1 million reduction of treasury stockrepurchased and ~~additional paid-in capital. Additionally, we received approximately 1,250,000~~retired 2,000,000 shares of our common stock ~~having~~for a ~~value~~cost of ~~$57.7~~$105.7 million ~~from the counterparties~~ under ~~the Note Hedges,~~a prior stock repurchase program as well as ~~approximately 42,000~~an insignificant number of shares ~~of our common stock having a value of $2.0 million from the counterparties related~~ to ~~the reimbursement for the in-the-money portion of the Repurchased 2014 Notes under the Note Hedge agreements, which was recorded~~facilitate income tax withholding or payments as ~~an increase to treasury stock and additional paid-in capital.~~described above.

Issuance of Convertible Preferred Stock

On December 4, 2019, in conjunction with the planned ~~separation of our businesses into two independent publicly traded companies,~~Spin-Off, we announced that an affiliate of Apax Partners would invest up to $400.0 million in us, in the form of convertible preferred stock. Under the terms of the Investment Agreement, the Apax Investor purchased $200.0 million of our Series A Preferred Stock, which closed on May 7, 2020. In connection with the completion of the Spin-Off, the Apax Investor purchased

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~~$200.0~~ $200.0 million of our Series B Preferred Stock, which closed on April 6, 2021. As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, Apax’s ownership in us on an as-converted basis was approximately ~~12.8%~~12.9%. Please refer to Note 9, “Convertible Preferred Stock” for a more detailed discussion of the Apax investment.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

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Accumulated other comprehensive loss includes items such as foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized gains and losses on certain marketable securities and derivative financial instruments designated as hedges. Accumulated other comprehensive loss is presented as a separate line item in the stockholders’ equity section of our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Accumulated other comprehensive loss items have no impact on our net ~~(loss)~~ income as presented in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The following table summarizes changes in the components of our accumulated other comprehensive loss for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022:~~2023:

(in thousands) Unrealized Losses on Foreign Exchange Contracts Designated as Hedges Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments Total
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at January 31, 2022 $ (48) $ (118,467) $ (118,515)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications (644) (66,590) (67,234)
Amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss (448) — (448)
Net other comprehensive loss (196) (66,590) (66,786)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at October 31, 2022 $ (244) $ (185,057) $ (185,301)


(in thousands)	Unrealized Losses on Foreign Exchange Contracts Designated as Hedges		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at January 31, 2023	$	(87)	$	(154,012)	$	(154,099)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(374)		16,457		16,083
Amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss	(349)		—		(349)
Net other comprehensive (loss) income	(25)		16,457		16,432
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at July 31, 2023	$	(112)	$	(137,555)	$	(137,667)

All amounts presented in the table above are net of income taxes, if applicable. The accumulated net losses in foreign currency translation adjustments primarily reflect the strengthening of the U.S. dollar against the British pound sterling, which has resulted in lower U.S. dollar-translated balances of British pound sterling-denominated goodwill and intangible assets.

The amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss into the condensed consolidated statements of operations, with presentation location, for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022 were as follows:

Three Months Ended
October 31, Nine Months Ended
October 31,
(in thousands) 2022 2021 2022 2021 Financial Statement Location
Unrealized (losses) gains on derivative financial instruments:
Foreign currency forward contracts $ — $ — $ — $ 1 Cost of recurring revenue
(19) 5 (50) 18 Cost of nonrecurring revenue
(134) 28 (321) 100 Research and development, net
(73) 14 (170) 45 Selling, general and administrative
(226) 47 (541) 164 Total, before income taxes
38 (7) 93 (28) Benefit from (provision for) income taxes
$ (188) $ 40 $ (448) $ 136 Total, net of income taxes
Interest rate swap agreement $ — $ — $ — $ (1,014) Interest expense
— — — (15,655) Other income (expense), net
— — — (16,669) Total, before income taxes
— — — 3,638 Benefit from income taxes
$ — $ — $ — $ (13,031) Total, net of income taxes

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On April 13, 2021, we paid $16.5 million to settle the 2018 Swap agreement prior to its June 2024 maturity, and reclassified the remaining $15.7 million of pretax accumulated deferred losses from accumulated other comprehensive loss within stockholders’ equity to other income (expense) on our consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended October 31, 2021. The associated $3.7 million deferred tax asset was reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss and netted against income taxes receivable during the year ended January 31, 2022. Please refer to Note 13, “Derivative Financial Instruments” for further information regarding the 2018 Swap.


	Three Months Ended July 31,				Six Months Ended July 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022		Financial Statement Location
Unrealized losses on derivative financial instruments:
Foreign currency forward contracts	$	(2)	$	—	$	(4)	$	—	Cost of recurring revenue
	(17)		(22)		(37)		(31)		Cost of nonrecurring revenue
	(122)		(138)		(262)		(187)		Research and development, net
	(55)		(73)		(120)		(97)		Selling, general and administrative
	(196)		(233)		(423)		(315)		Total, before income taxes
	35		41		74		55		Benefit from income taxes
	$	(161)	$	(192)	$	(349)	$	(260)	Total, net of income taxes

11. INCOME TAXES

Our interim provision for income taxes is measured using an estimated annual effective income tax rate, adjusted for discrete items that occur within the periods presented.

For the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, we recorded an income tax ~~provision~~benefit of ~~$17.4~~$2.5 million on a pretax ~~income~~loss of ~~$21.6~~$8.3 million, which represented an effective income tax rate of ~~80.5%~~30.5%. The effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the U.S. taxation of certain foreign activities, offset by lower statutory rates in certain foreign jurisdictions.

For the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021,~~2022, we recorded an income tax provision of ~~$9.3~~$2.8 million on pretax income of ~~$22.9~~$0.6 million, which represented an effective income tax rate of ~~40.9%~~465.4%. The effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to ~~the U.S. taxation of certain foreign activities, partially offset by lower statutory rates in certain foreign jurisdictions.~~

~~For the nine months ended October 31, 2022, we recorded an~~a discrete income tax provision of ~~$20.5~~$2.1 million ~~on pretax income of $23.1 million, which represented an effective income tax rate of 88.9%. The effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due~~attributable to ~~the U.S. taxation of certain foreign activities and~~ the recording of a valuation

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allowance against a deferred tax asset related to an asset held for sale in a foreign jurisdiction ~~partially~~and the U.S. taxation of certain foreign activities, offset by lower statutory rates in certain foreign jurisdictions. Excluding the discrete income tax provision attributable to the foreign jurisdiction valuation allowance, the result was an income tax provision of ~~$18.5~~$0.7 million on pre-tax income of ~~$23.1~~$0.6 million resulting in an effective tax rate of ~~79.9%~~124.8%.

For the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021,~~2023, we recorded an income tax provision of ~~$13.5~~$1.8 million on a pretax loss of $0.3 million, which represented a negative effective income tax rate of 543.0%. The effective tax rate varies significantly from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% due to the impact of recurring discrete income tax adjustments against the near break-even pretax loss. In addition, the effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% due to the U.S. taxation of certain foreign activities, offset by lower statutory rates in certain foreign jurisdictions.

For the six months ended July 31, 2022, we recorded an income tax provision of $3.1 million on pretax income of ~~$33.4~~$1.5 million, which represented an effective income tax rate of ~~40.4%~~212.1%. The effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to a discrete income tax provision of $2.1 million attributable to the recording of a valuation allowance against a deferred tax asset related to an asset held for sale in a foreign jurisdiction and the U.S. taxation of certain foreign activities, ~~and the impact of a tax rate change in a foreign jurisdiction,~~ offset ~~by a change in the fair value of the Future Tranche Right associated with the Series A Preferred Stock and~~ by lower statutory rates in certain foreign jurisdictions. Excluding the discrete income tax provision attributable to the foreign jurisdiction valuation allowance, the result was an income tax provision of $1.0 million on pre-tax income of $1.5 million resulting in an effective tax rate of 71.5%.

As required by the authoritative guidance on accounting for income taxes, we evaluate the realizability of deferred income tax assets on a jurisdictional basis at each reporting date. Accounting ~~guidance~~ for income taxes guidance requires that a valuation allowance be established when it is more-likely-than-not that all or a portion of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized. In circumstances where there is sufficient negative evidence indicating that the deferred income tax assets are not more-likely-than-not realizable, we establish a valuation allowance. We determined that there is sufficient negative evidence to maintain the valuation allowances against certain state and foreign deferred income tax assets as a result of historical losses in the most recent three-year period in certain state and foreign ~~jurisdictions, and with respect to the foreign deferred income tax asset related to an asset held for sale, as a result of the differences between the fair market value and the tax basis of the asset.~~jurisdictions. We intend to maintain valuation allowances until sufficient positive evidence exists to support a reversal.

We had unrecognized income tax benefits of ~~$83.9~~$87.7 million and ~~$84.2~~$87.9 million (excluding interest and penalties) as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and January 31, ~~2022,~~2023, respectively, that if recognized, would impact our effective income tax rate. The accrued liability for interest and penalties was ~~$4.1~~$6.0 million and ~~$3.4~~$5.2 million at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and January 31, ~~2022,~~2023, respectively. Interest and penalties are recorded as a component of the provision for income taxes in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. We regularly assess the adequacy of our provisions for income tax contingencies in accordance with the applicable authoritative guidance on accounting for income taxes. As a result, we may adjust the reserves for unrecognized income tax benefits for the impact of new facts and developments, such as changes to interpretations of relevant tax law, assessments from taxing authorities, settlements with taxing authorities, and lapses of statutes of limitation. Further, we believe that it is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized income tax benefits at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 could decrease by approximately ~~$0.6~~$7.0 million in the next twelve months as a result of settlement of certain tax audits or lapses of statutes of limitation. Such decreases may involve the payment of additional income taxes, the adjustment of deferred income taxes including the need for additional valuation allowances, and the recognition of income tax benefits. Our income tax returns are

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subject to ongoing tax examinations in several jurisdictions in which we operate. We also believe that it is reasonably possible that new issues may be raised by tax authorities or developments in tax audits may occur, which would require increases or decreases to the balance of reserves for unrecognized income tax benefits; however, an estimate of such changes cannot reasonably be made.

~~On March 27, 2020,~~The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (“OECD”) Pillar 2 guidelines address the ~~Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was enacted and signed into U.S. law to provide economic relief to individuals and businesses facing economic hardship as a result~~increasing digitalization of the ~~COVID-19 pandemic.~~global economy, re-allocating taxing rights among countries. The ~~income~~European Union and many other member states have committed to adopting Pillar 2 which calls for a global minimum tax ~~provisions~~of 15% to be effective for tax years beginning in 2024. The OECD guidelines published to date include transition and safe harbor rules around the implementation of the ~~CARES Act do not~~Pillar 2 global minimum tax. We are monitoring developments and evaluating the impacts these new rules will have ~~a significant impact~~ on our ~~current taxes, deferred taxes, or uncertain~~ tax ~~positions. However, we have deferred the timing of employer payroll taxes and accelerated the refund of AMT credits as permitted by the CARES Act.~~

~~The Inflation Reduction Act (“Act”) was enacted and signed into U.S. law on August 16, 2022. The Act includes tax provisions that may impact us in the future~~rate, including a 15% corporate alternative minimum tax on book income and a 1% excise tax on stock repurchases, net of certain stock issuances, made after December 31, 2022. We are assessing the potential impact of the Act, but do not believe it will have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.eligibility to qualify for these safe harbor rules.

12. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and January 31, ~~2022:~~2023:

October 31, 2022
Fair Value Hierarchy Category
(in thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets:
Money market funds $ 57,202 $ — $ —
Commercial paper, classified as cash and cash equivalents — 69,821 —
Short-term investments (available for sale) — 9,962 —
Foreign currency forward contracts — 3 —
Contingent consideration receivable — — 73
Total assets $ 57,202 $ 79,786 $ 73
Liabilities:
Foreign currency forward contracts $ — $ 300 $ —
Contingent consideration — business combinations — — 2,822
Total liabilities $ — $ 300 $ 2,822

January 31, 2022
Fair Value Hierarchy Category
(in thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets:
Money market funds $ 127,041 $ — $ —
Commercial paper, classified as cash and cash equivalents — 29,995 —
Foreign currency forward contracts — 33 —
Contingent consideration receivable — — 271
Total assets $ 127,041 $ 30,028 $ 271
Liabilities:
Foreign currency forward contracts $ — $ 91 $ —
Contingent consideration — business combinations — 7,776 —
Total liabilities $ — $ 7,867 $ —

In January 2020, we completed the sale of an insignificant subsidiary. In accordance with the terms of the sale agreement, 100% of the aggregate purchase price is contingent in nature based on a percentage of net sales of the former subsidiary’s products during the thirty-six month period following the transaction closing. We include the fair value of the contingent

3023

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consideration receivable within prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The estimated fair value of this asset as of October 31, 2022 and 2021, which is measured using Level 3 inputs, was $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively. We received payments of $0.2 million during each of the nine months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021. The change in the estimated fair value of this contingent receivable was not material during the nine months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021.


	July 31, 2023
	Fair Value Hierarchy Category
(in thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Money market funds	$	57,816	$	—	$	—
U.S. Treasury bills, classified as cash and cash equivalents	498		—		—
Commercial paper, classified as cash and cash equivalents	—		34,858		—
Foreign currency forward contracts	—		12		—
Total assets	$	58,314	$	34,870	$	—
Liabilities:
Foreign currency forward contracts	$	—	$	147	$	—
Contingent consideration — business combinations	—		—		7,878
Total liabilities	$	—	$	147	$	7,878


	January 31, 2023
	Fair Value Hierarchy Category
(in thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Money market funds	$	96,941	$	—	$	—
Commercial paper, classified as cash and cash equivalents	—		50,869		—
Foreign currency forward contracts	—		19		—
Contingent consideration receivable	—		8		—
Total assets	$	96,941	$	50,896	$	—
Liabilities:
Foreign currency forward contracts	$	—	$	124	$	—
Contingent consideration — business combinations	—		—		12,717
Total liabilities	$	—	$	124	$	12,717

The following table presents the changes in the estimated fair values of our liabilities for contingent consideration measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022 and 2021:~~2023:

Nine Months Ended
October 31,
(in thousands) 2022 2021
Fair value measurement at beginning of period $ — $ 15,704
Contingent consideration liabilities recorded for business combinations 2,822 900
Changes in fair values, recorded in operating expenses — 669
Payments of contingent consideration — (9,560)
Foreign currency translation and other — (98)
Fair value measurement at end of period $ 2,822 $ 7,615



	Six Months Ended July 31,
(in thousands)	2023
Fair value measurement at beginning of period	$	12,717
Changes in fair values, recorded in operating expenses	(2,178)
Payments of contingent consideration	(3,064)
Foreign currency translation and other	403
Fair value measurement at end of period	$	7,878

Our estimated liability for contingent consideration represents potential payments of additional consideration for business combinations, payable if certain defined performance goals are achieved. Changes in fair value of contingent consideration are recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations within selling, general and administrative expenses.

~~As of January 31, 2022, the $7.8 million fair value of the~~ There were no liabilities for contingent consideration ~~liability was based on actual achievement through~~measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the performance periods ended January 31, 2022, and was transferred to Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy as the fair value was determined based on other significant observable inputs. Payments of contingent consideration earned under these agreements were $7.5 million during the ninesix months ended October 31, 2022. We recorded a benefit of $0.2 million for changes in the fair values of contingent consideration obligations associated with business combinations and $0.1 million for changes due to foreign currency translation for the nine months ended OctoberJuly 31, 2022.

There were no transfers between levels of the fair value measurement hierarchy during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021.~~2022.

Fair Value Measurements

Money Market Funds and U.S. Treasury Bills —- We value our money market funds and U.S. treasury bills using quoted active market prices for such ~~funds.~~instruments.

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Short-term Investments, Corporate Debt Securities, and Commercial Paper —- The fair values of short-term investments, as well as corporate debt securities and commercial paper classified as cash equivalents, are estimated using observable market prices for identical securities that are traded in less-active markets, if available. When observable market prices for identical securities are not available, we value these short-term investments using non-binding market price quotes from brokers which we review for reasonableness using observable market data; quoted market prices for similar instruments; or pricing models, such as a discounted cash flow model.

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts —- The estimated fair value of foreign currency forward contracts is based on quotes received from the counterparties thereto. These quotes are reviewed for reasonableness by discounting the future estimated cash flows under the contracts, considering the terms and maturities of the contracts and market foreign currency exchange rates using readily observable market prices for similar contracts.

Contingent Consideration Assets and Liabilities —- Business Combinations and Divestitures —- The fair value of the contingent consideration related to business combinations and divestitures is estimated using a probability-adjusted discounted cash flow model. These fair value measurements are based on significant inputs not observable in the market. The key internally developed assumptions used in these models are discount rates and the probabilities assigned to the milestones to be achieved. We remeasure the fair value of the contingent consideration at each reporting period, and any changes in fair value resulting from either the passage of time or events occurring after the acquisition date, such as changes in discount rates, or in the expectations of achieving the performance targets, are recorded within selling, general, and administrative expenses. Increases or decreases in discount rates would have inverse impacts on the related fair value measurements, while favorable or unfavorable changes in expectations of achieving performance targets would result in corresponding increases or decreases in

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the related fair value measurements. We utilized discount rates ranging from 7.6% to 8.1%, with a ~~discount rate of 6.8% in our calculation of the estimated fair value of our contingent consideration liability as of October 31, 2022. We utilized a~~weighted average discount rate of 7.9% in our calculation of the estimated fair ~~value~~values of our contingent consideration ~~asset~~liabilities as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023. We utilized discount rates ranging from ~~3.5%~~6.6% to ~~3.9%~~7.6%, with a weighted average discount rate of ~~3.7%~~6.9% in our ~~calculation~~calculations of the estimated fair ~~value~~values of our contingent consideration ~~asset~~liabilities as of January 31, ~~2022.~~2023. The contingent consideration receivable was fully paid as of July 31, 2023.

Other Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of accounts receivable, contract assets, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities and other current liabilities approximate fair value due to their short maturities.

The estimated fair ~~values~~value of our Revolving Credit Facility borrowing was approximately $99.0 million at July 31, 2023. The estimated fair value of our Term Loan ~~borrowings were~~borrowing was approximately ~~$99 million and~~ $100 million at ~~October 31, 2022 and~~ January 31, ~~2022, respectively.~~2023. On April 27, 2023, we repaid in full the remaining $100 million outstanding balance on our Term Loan utilizing proceeds from borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility. We had no borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility at January 31, 2023. The estimated fair values of the Term Loan borrowings ~~are~~were based upon indicative bid and ask prices as determined by the agent responsible for the syndication of our term loans. We ~~consider~~considered these inputs to be within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because we cannot reasonably observe activity in the limited market in which participation in our Term Loan ~~trades. The indicative prices provided to us as at each of October 31, 2022 and January 31, 2022 did not significantly differ from par value.~~traded. The estimated fair value of borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility ~~if any,~~ is based upon indicative market values provided by one of our lenders. The indicative prices provided to us at July 31, 2023 and January 31, 2023 did not significantly differ from par value.

The estimated fair ~~value~~values of our 2021 Notes ~~was~~were approximately ~~$270~~$283.0 million and ~~$330~~$282.0 million at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and January 31, ~~2022,~~2023, respectively. The estimated fair ~~value~~values of the 2021 Notes ~~was~~were determined based on quoted bid and ask prices in the over-the-counter market in which the 2021 Notes traded. We consider these inputs to be within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Assets and Liabilities Not Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

In addition to assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, we also measure certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Our non-financial assets, including goodwill, intangible assets, operating lease right-of-use assets, and property, plant and equipment, are measured at fair value when there is an indication of impairment and the carrying amount exceeds the asset’s projected undiscounted cash flows. These assets are recorded at fair value only when an impairment charge is recognized.

~~Assets Held for Sale~~

We initially measure an asset that is classified as held for sale at the lower of its carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. We assess the fair value of an asset less costs to sell each reporting period that it remains classified as held for sale, and report any subsequent changes as an adjustment to the carrying amount of the asset. Assets are not depreciated or amortized while they are classified as held for sale.

During the three months ended July 31, 2022, we commenced plans to sell an approximately 50,000-square foot office building. As of October 31, 2022, the office building had a carrying value of approximately $0.9 million, which was included within property and equipment, net on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Upon classification as held for sale, an impairment loss of $1.8 million, which adjusted the carrying amount of the asset to its fair value less costs to sell, was recorded within selling, general, and administrative expenses in our consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended October 31, 2022. Subsequently, an impairment loss of $0.2 million was recorded to further adjust the carrying amount of the asset to its fair value less costs to sell as of October 31, 2022, which was recorded within other income (expense), net in our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2022. Fair value was determined based upon the anticipated sale price of the building based on current market conditions and assumptions made by management, and did not differ significantly from the final sale price upon closing in November 2022.

Investments

AsIn March 2023, we invested approximately $1.1 million in a privately-held company via a simple agreement for future equity (“SAFE”). In July 2023, we made a second SAFE investment of ~~October 31, 2022,~~$0.5 million for a total investment of approximately

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$1.6 million. The SAFE provides that, upon the ~~carrying~~completion by such company of a qualified equity financing, we will automatically receive the number of shares of capital stock of such company equal to the SAFE purchase amount divided by the Discount Price (as such term is defined in the SAFE). If there is a liquidity event affecting such company, such as a change in control or initial public offering, we will receive a cash payment equal to the greater of ~~our noncontrolling equity investments~~(a) the SAFE purchase amount or (b) the amount payable on the number of shares of common stock of such company equal to the SAFE purchase amount divided by the Liquidity Price (as such term is defined in ~~privately-held companies without readily determinable fair values was $5.1 million. These investments are~~the SAFE). Our investment is carried at cost, less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment of the same issuer and is included within other assets on the condensed consolidated balance ~~sheets. As~~sheets as of ~~January~~July 31, ~~2022, the~~2023.

The carrying amount of our noncontrolling equity investments in privately-held companies without readily determinable fair values was $5.1 million as of ~~which $4.4 million was remeasured to fair value based on an observable transaction during the year ended~~July 31, 2023 and January 31, ~~2022.~~2023. These investments were included within other assets on the condensed consolidated balance ~~sheet~~sheets as of July 31, 2023 and January 31, ~~2022. An unrealized gain of $3.1 million, which adjusted the carrying value of a noncontrolling equity investment based on an observable transaction, was recorded in other income (expense), net on~~

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~~the consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended October 31, 2021.~~2023. There were no observable price changes in our investments in privately-held companies during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2023 and 2022. We did not recognize any impairments during the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021.~~2022.

13. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Our primary objective for holding derivative financial instruments is to manage foreign currency exchange rate risk and interest rate risk, when deemed appropriate. We enter into these contracts in the normal course of business to mitigate risks and not for speculative purposes.

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

Under our risk management strategy, we periodically use foreign currency forward contracts to manage our short-term exposures to fluctuations in operational cash flows resulting from changes in foreign currency exchange rates. These cash flow exposures result from portions of our forecasted operating expenses, primarily compensation and related expenses, which are transacted in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, most notably the Israeli shekel. We also periodically utilize foreign currency forward contracts to manage exposures resulting from forecasted customer collections to be remitted in currencies other than the applicable functional currency, and exposures from cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments denominated in currencies other than the applicable functional currency. These foreign currency forward contracts generally have maturities of no longer than twelve months, although occasionally we will execute a contract that extends beyond twelve months, depending upon the nature of the underlying risk.

We held outstanding foreign currency forward contracts with notional amounts of ~~$7.0~~$6.5 million and ~~$7.4~~$6.8 million as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and January 31, ~~2022,~~2023, respectively.

~~Interest Rate Swap Agreement~~

In April 2018, we executed a pay-fixed, receive-variable interest rate swap agreement with a multinational financial institution to partially mitigate risks associated with the variable interest rate on our Term Loan. Pursuant to the agreement, we paid interest at a fixed rate of 2.949% and received variable interest of three-month LIBOR (subject to a minimum of 0.00%), on a notional amount of $200.0 million (the “2018 Swap”). The effective date of the 2018 Swap was September 6, 2019, and settlements with the counterparty began on November 1, 2019, and occurred on a quarterly basis. The 2018 Swap had a termination date of June 29, 2024.

Prior to May 1, 2020, the 2018 Swap was designated as a cash flow hedge for accounting purposes and as such, changes in its fair value were recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss in the condensed consolidated balance sheet and were reclassified into the condensed consolidated statement of operations within interest expense in the periods in which the hedged transactions affected earnings.

On May 1, 2020, which was an interest rate reset date on our Term Loan, we selected an interest rate other than three-month LIBOR. As a result, the 2018 Swap, which was designated specifically to hedge three-month LIBOR interest payments, no longer qualified as a cash flow hedge. Subsequent to May 1, 2020, changes in the fair value of the 2018 Swap were accounted for as a component of other income (expense), net. Accumulated deferred losses on the 2018 Swap of $20.4 million, or $16.0 million after taxes, at May 1, 2020 that were previously recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss, were being reclassified to the condensed consolidated statement of operations as interest expense over the remaining term of the 2018 Swap, as the previously hedged interest payments occurred.

On April 13, 2021, we paid $16.5 million to settle the 2018 Swap agreement prior to its June 2024 maturity. Upon settlement, we recorded an unrealized gain of $1.3 million in other income (expense) to adjust the 2018 Swap to its fair value at settlement date and reclassified the remaining $15.7 million of pretax accumulated deferred losses from accumulated other comprehensive loss within stockholders’ equity to other income (expense), net on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended October 31, 2021. The associated $3.7 million deferred tax asset was reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss and netted against income taxes receivable during the year ended January 31, 2022.

Fair Values of Derivative Financial Instruments

The fair values of our derivative financial instruments and their classifications in our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and January 31, ~~2022~~2023 were as follows:

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			Fair Value at						Fair Value at
			October 31,		January 31,				July 31,		January 31,
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	Balance Sheet Classification	2022		2022		(in thousands)	Balance Sheet Classification	2023		2023
Derivative assets:	Derivative assets:						Derivative assets:
Foreign currency forward contracts:	Foreign currency forward contracts:						Foreign currency forward contracts:
Designated as cash flow hedges	Designated as cash flow hedges	Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	3	$	33	Designated as cash flow hedges	Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	12	$	19
Total derivative assets	Total derivative assets		$	3	$	33	Total derivative assets		$	12	$	19

Derivative liabilities:	Derivative liabilities:						Derivative liabilities:
Foreign currency forward contracts:	Foreign currency forward contracts:						Foreign currency forward contracts:
Designated as cash flow hedges	Designated as cash flow hedges	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	300	$	91	Designated as cash flow hedges	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	147	$	124
Total derivative liabilities	Total derivative liabilities		$	300	$	91	Total derivative liabilities		$	147	$	124

Derivative Financial Instruments in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships

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The effects of derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges on accumulated other comprehensive loss (“AOCL”) and on the condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022 were as follows:


		Three Months Ended October 31,				Nine Months Ended October 31,					Three Months Ended July 31,				Six Months Ended July 31,
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	2022		2021		2022		2021		(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net (losses) gains recognized in AOCL:
Net losses recognized in AOCL:										Net losses recognized in AOCL:
Foreign currency forward contracts	Foreign currency forward contracts	$	(320)	$	153	$	(780)	$	215	Foreign currency forward contracts	$	(103)	$	(190)	$	(453)	$	(460)
		$	(320)	$	153	$	(780)	$	215

Net (losses) gains reclassified from AOCL to the condensed consolidated statements of operations:
Net losses reclassified from AOCL to the condensed consolidated statements of operations:										Net losses reclassified from AOCL to the condensed consolidated statements of operations:
Foreign currency forward contracts	Foreign currency forward contracts	$	(226)	$	47	$	(541)	$	164	Foreign currency forward contracts	$	(196)	$	(233)	$	(423)	$	(315)
Interest rate swap agreement		—		—		—		(16,669)
		$	(226)	$	47	$	(541)	$	(16,505)

For information regarding the line item locations of the net ~~(losses) gains~~losses on derivative financial instruments reclassified out of AOCL into the condensed consolidated statements of operations, see Note 10, “Stockholders’ Equity”.

All of the foreign currency forward contracts underlying the net unrealized losses recorded in our accumulated other comprehensive loss at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 mature within twelve months, and therefore we expect all such losses to be reclassified into earnings within the next twelve months.

~~DerivativeFinancial InstrumentsNot Designated as Hedging Instruments~~

Losses recognized on derivative financial instruments not designated as hedging instruments in our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows:

Classification in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations Three Months Ended
October 31, Nine Months Ended
October 31,
(in thousands) 2022 2021 2022 2021
Interest rate swap agreement Other income (expense), net $ — $ — $ — $ (14,374)

14. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Stock-Based Compensation Plan

On June ~~20, 2019,~~22, 2023, our stockholders approved the Verint Systems Inc. ~~2019~~2023 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (the ~~“2019~~“2023 Plan”). Upon approval of the ~~2019~~2023 Plan, new awards were no longer permitted under our prior stock-based compensation plan (the ~~“2017 Amended~~“2019 Plan”). Awards outstanding at June ~~20, 2019~~22, 2023 under the ~~2017 Amended~~2019 Plan or other previous stock-based compensation plans were not impacted by the approval of the ~~2019~~2023 Plan. Collectively, our stock-based compensation plans are referred to herein as the “Plans”.

The ~~2019~~2023 Plan authorizes our board of directors to provide equity-based compensation in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance awards, other stock-based awards, and performance compensation awards. Subject to adjustment as provided in the ~~2019~~2023 Plan, up to an aggregate of (i) ~~9,475,000~~9,000,000 shares of our common stock plus (ii) the number of shares of our common stock available for issuance under the ~~2017 Amended~~2019 Plan as of June ~~20, 2019,~~22, 2023, plus (iii) the number of shares of our common stock that become available for issuance as a result of awards made under the ~~2017 Amended~~2019 Plan or the ~~2019~~2023 Plan that are forfeited, cancelled, exchanged, or that terminate or expire, may be issued or transferred in connection with awards under the ~~2019~~2023 Plan. Each stock option or stock-settled stock appreciation right granted under the ~~2019~~2023 Plan will reduce the available plan capacity by one share and each other award denominated in shares that is granted under the ~~2019~~2023 Plan will reduce the available plan capacity by ~~2.38~~1.90 shares.

In March 2021, our board of directors approved an adjustment of the available plan capacity to the 2019 Plan to 14,239,656 shares based on an adjustment ratio of approximately 1.45 as a result of the Spin-Off.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

We recognized stock-based compensation expense in the following line items on the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:


		Three Months Ended October 31,				Nine Months Ended October 31,					Three Months Ended July 31,				Six Months Ended July 31,
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	2022		2021		2022		2021		(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Cost of revenue — recurring	Cost of revenue — recurring	$	729	$	540	$	2,187	$	1,531	Cost of revenue — recurring	$	686	$	933	$	982	$	1,458
Cost of revenue — nonrecurring	Cost of revenue — nonrecurring	600		690		2,058		2,387		Cost of revenue — nonrecurring	690		818		830		1,458
Research and development, net	Research and development, net	3,533		1,949		10,371		5,749		Research and development, net	3,466		4,419		5,793		6,838
Selling, general and administrative	Selling, general and administrative	15,037		13,416		49,346		41,422		Selling, general and administrative	14,279		19,524		26,495		34,309
Total stock-based compensation expense	Total stock-based compensation expense	$	19,899	$	16,595	$	63,962	$	51,089	Total stock-based compensation expense	$	19,121	$	25,694	$	34,100	$	44,063

The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense by type of award for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:


		Three Months Ended October 31,				Nine Months Ended October 31,					Three Months Ended July 31,				Six Months Ended July 31,
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	2022		2021		2022		2021		(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Restricted stock units and restricted stock awards	Restricted stock units and restricted stock awards	$	17,135	$	14,386	$	56,508	$	44,623	Restricted stock units and restricted stock awards	$	17,404	$	23,362	$	30,840	$	39,373
Stock bonus program and bonus share program	Stock bonus program and bonus share program	2,769		2,203		7,449		6,455		Stock bonus program and bonus share program	1,938		2,328		3,316		4,680
Total equity-settled awards	Total equity-settled awards	19,904		16,589		63,957		51,078		Total equity-settled awards	19,342		25,690		34,156		44,053
Phantom stock units (cash-settled awards)	Phantom stock units (cash-settled awards)	(5)		6		5		11		Phantom stock units (cash-settled awards)	(221)		4		(56)		10
Total stock-based compensation expense	Total stock-based compensation expense	$	19,899	$	16,595	$	63,962	$	51,089	Total stock-based compensation expense	$	19,121	$	25,694	$	34,100	$	44,063

Awards are generally subject to multi-year vesting periods. We recognize compensation expense for awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which are generally the vesting periods, reduced by estimated forfeitures.

Awards under our stock bonus and bonus share programs are accounted for as liability-classified awards, because the obligations are based predominantly on fixed monetary amounts that are generally known at inception of the obligation, to be settled with a variable number of shares of our common stock, which for awards under our stock bonus program is determined using a discounted average price of our common stock.

Restricted Stock Units and Performance Stock Units

We periodically award RSUs to our directors, officers, and other employees. These awards contain various vesting conditions and are subject to certain restrictions and forfeiture provisions prior to vesting. Some of these awards to executive officers and

certain employees vest upon the achievement of specified performance goals or market conditions (performance stock units or “PSUs”).

The following table (“Award Activity Table”) summarizes activity for RSUs, PSUs, and other stock awards that reduce available Plan capacity under the Plans for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:

Nine Months Ended October 31,
2022 2021
(in thousands, except per share data) Shares or Units Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Shares or Units Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Beginning balance 2,454 $ 42.99 2,950 $ 35.97
Granted 1,648 $ 55.43 1,503 $ 48.00
Released (1,547) $ 41.97 (1,576) $ 34.87
Forfeited (140) $ 46.74 (185) $ 39.43
Ending balance 2,415 $ 52.58 2,692 $ 43.10

The beginning balance of the outstanding shares for the nine months ended October 31, 2021 reflects the adjusted shares based on an adjustment ratio of approximately 1.45 as a result of the Spin-Off on February 1, 2021. The related weighted-average grant date fair value for the beginning outstanding shares reflects the adjusted fair value of the awards on the Spin-Off Date. The adjusted shares preserve the same terms and conditions and vesting schedules as the original awards.


	Six Months Ended July 31,
	2023			2022
(in thousands, except per share data)	Shares or Units	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value		Shares or Units	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Beginning balance	2,230	$	52.42	2,454	$	42.99
Granted	1,859	$	37.20	1,600	$	56.14
Released	(836)	$	46.44	(878)	$	43.15
Forfeited	(104)	$	45.05	(94)	$	45.73
Ending balance	3,149	$	45.27	3,082	$	49.69

With respect to our stock bonus program, the activity presented in the table above only includes shares earned and released in consideration of the discount provided under that program. Consistent with the provisions of the Plans under which such shares are issued, other shares issued under the stock bonus program are not included in the table above because they do not reduce available plan capacity (since such shares are deemed to be purchased by the grantee at fair value in lieu of receiving an earned cash bonus). Activity presented in the table above includes all shares awarded and released under the bonus share program. Further details appear below under “Stock Bonus ~~Program”~~Program and ~~“Bonus~~Bonus Share Program”.

Our RSU and PSU awards may include a provision which allows the awards to be settled with cash payments upon vesting, rather than with delivery of common stock, at the discretion of our board of directors. As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, for such awards that are outstanding, settlement with cash payments was not considered probable, and therefore these awards have been accounted for as equity-classified awards and are included in the table above.

In order to achieve an equitable modification of the existing awards following the Spin-Off, we converted unvested awards as of February 1, 2021 by a factor of approximately 1.45, resulting in additional awards being granted to remaining employees denominated solely in Verint common stock. As noted above, a corresponding adjustment was also made to the available capacity under the 2019 Plan.

The following table summarizes PSU activity in isolation under the Plans for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022 (these amounts are also included in the Award Activity Table above for ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021)~~2022):

Nine Months Ended
October 31,
(in thousands) 2022 2021
Beginning balance 547 635
Granted 278 213
Released (279) (274)
Forfeited (3) (24)
Ending balance 543 550

Consistent with the table above, the beginning balance of the outstanding shares for the nine months ended October 31, 2021 reflects the adjusted shares based on an adjustment ratio of approximately 1.45 as a result of the Spin-Off on February 1, 2021.


	Six Months Ended July 31,
(in thousands)	2023	2022
Beginning balance	532	547
Granted	277	278
Released	(230)	(89)
Forfeited	(14)	—
Ending balance	565	736

Excluding PSUs, we granted ~~1,370,000~~1,582,000 RSUs during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023.

As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, there was approximately ~~$91.9~~$101.9 million of total unrecognized compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, related to unvested restricted stock units, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of ~~1.9~~2.0 years.

Stock Bonus Program and Bonus Share Program

Our stock bonus program permits eligible employees to receive a portion of their earned bonuses, otherwise payable in cash, in the form of discounted shares of our common stock. Executive officers are eligible to participate in this program to the extent that ~~shares remain~~capacity remains available ~~for awards~~under the program following the enrollment of all other participants. Shares awarded to executive officers with respect to the discount feature of the program are subject to a one-year vesting period. This program is subject to annual funding approval by our board of directors and an annual cap on the number of shares that can be issued. Subject to these limitations, the number of shares to be issued under the program for a given year is determined using a five-day trailing average price of our common stock when the awards are calculated, reduced by a discount determined by the board of directors each year (the “discount”). To the extent that this program is not funded in a given year or the number of shares of common stock needed to fully satisfy employee enrollment exceeds the annual cap, the applicable portion of the employee bonuses will generally revert to being paid in cash.

Under our bonus share program, we may provide discretionary bonuses to employees or pay earned bonuses that are outside the stock bonus program in the form of shares of common stock. Unlike the stock bonus program, there is no enrollment for this program and no discount feature.

For bonuses in respect of the year ended January 31, ~~2022,~~2023, our board of directors approved the use of up to 300,000 shares of common stock in the aggregate for awards under these two programs, with up to ~~300,000~~200,000 shares of common stock, and a discount of 15% approved for awards under our stock bonus program. WeDuring the three months ended July 31, 2023, we issued approximately ~~131,000~~27,000 shares under the stock bonus program ~~during~~and 178,000 shares under the ~~three months ended July 31, 2022. The~~ bonus share ~~program was not used, and no shares were issued under this~~ program, in respect of the ~~performance period~~year ended January 31, ~~2022.~~2023.

The following table summarizes activity under the stock bonus program during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022 in isolation. As noted above, shares issued in respect of the discount feature under the program reduce available plan capacity and are included in the Award Activity Table above. Other shares issued under the program do not reduce available plan capacity and are therefore excluded from the Award Activity Table above.


		Nine Months Ended October 31,			Six Months Ended July 31,
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	2022	2021	(in thousands)	2023	2022
Shares in lieu of cash bonus — granted and released (not included in Award Activity Table above)	Shares in lieu of cash bonus — granted and released (not included in Award Activity Table above)	131	—	Shares in lieu of cash bonus — granted and released (not included in Award Activity Table above)	27	131
Shares in respect of discount (included in Award Activity Table above):	Shares in respect of discount (included in Award Activity Table above):			Shares in respect of discount (included in Award Activity Table above):
Granted	Granted	25	—	Granted	0	25
Released	Released	23	—	Released	2	23

In March ~~2022,~~2023, our board of directors approved the use of up to 300,000 shares of common stock in the aggregate under these two programs, with up to 200,000 shares of common stock, and a discount of 15%, ~~approved~~ for awards under our stock bonus program for the performance period ending January 31, ~~2023.~~2024. Any shares earned under these programs ~~for the performance period ending January 31, 2023~~ will be issued during the year ended January 31, ~~2024.~~2025.

The combined accrued liabilities for these two programs were ~~$7.5~~$3.5 million and ~~$6.5~~$7.9 million at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and January 31, ~~2022,~~2023, respectively.

15. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Legal Proceedings

CTI Litigation

In March 2009, one of our former employees, Ms. Orit Deutsch, commenced legal actions in Israel against our former primary Israeli subsidiary, Cognyte Technologies Ltd. (formerly known as Verint Systems Limited or “VSL”) (Case Number 4186/09)

and against our former affiliate CTI (Case Number 1335/09). Also, in March 2009, a former employee of Comverse Limited (CTI’s primary Israeli subsidiary at the time), Ms. Roni Katriel, commenced similar legal actions in Israel against Comverse Limited (Case Number 3444/09). In these actions, the plaintiffs generally sought to certify class action suits against the defendants on behalf of current and former employees of VSL and Comverse Limited who had been granted stock options in Verint and/or CTI and who were allegedly damaged as a result of a suspension on option exercises during an extended filing delay period that is discussed in our and CTI’s historical public filings. On June 7, 2012, the Tel Aviv District Court, where the cases had been filed or transferred, allowed the plaintiffs to consolidate and amend their complaints against the three defendants: VSL, CTI, and Comverse Limited.

On October 31, 2012, CTI distributed all of the outstanding shares of common stock of Comverse, Inc., its principal operating subsidiary and parent company of Comverse Limited, to CTI’s shareholders (the “Comverse Share Distribution”). In the period leading up to the Comverse Share Distribution, CTI either sold or transferred substantially all of its business operations and assets (other than its equity ownership interests in Verint and in its then-subsidiary, Comverse, Inc.) to Comverse, Inc. or to unaffiliated third parties. As the result of these transactions, Comverse, Inc. became an independent company and ceased to be affiliated with CTI, and CTI ceased to have any material assets other than its equity interests in Verint. Prior to the completion of the Comverse Share Distribution, the plaintiffs sought to compel CTI to set aside up to $150.0 million in assets to secure any future judgment, but the District Court did not rule on this motion. In February 2017, Mavenir Inc. became successor-in-interest to Comverse, Inc.

On February 4, 2013, Verint acquired the remaining CTI shell company in a merger transaction (the “CTI Merger”). As a result of the CTI Merger, Verint assumed certain rights and liabilities of CTI, including any liability of CTI arising out of the foregoing legal actions. However, under the terms of a Distribution Agreement entered into in connection with the Comverse Share Distribution, we, as successor to CTI, are entitled to indemnification from Comverse, Inc. (now Mavenir) for any losses we may suffer in our capacity as successor to CTI related to the foregoing legal actions.

Following an unsuccessful mediation process, on August 28, 2016, the District Court (i) denied the plaintiffs’ motion to certify the suit as a class action with respect to all claims relating to Verint stock options, (ii) dismissed the motion to certify the suit against VSL and Comverse Limited, and (iii) approved the plaintiffs’ motion to certify the suit as a class action against CTI with respect to claims of current or former employees of Comverse Limited (now part of Mavenir) or of VSL who held unexercised CTI stock options at the time CTI suspended option exercises. The court also ruled that the merits of the case would be evaluated under New York law.

As a result of this ruling (which excluded claims related to Verint stock options from the case), one of the original plaintiffs in the case, Ms. Deutsch, was replaced by a new representative plaintiff, Mr. David Vaaknin. CTI appealed portions of the District Court’s ruling to the Israeli Supreme Court. On August 8, 2017, the Israeli Supreme Court partially allowed CTI’s appeal and ordered the case to be returned to the District Court to determine whether a cause of action exists under New York law based on the parties’ expert opinions.

Following two unsuccessful rounds of mediation in mid to late 2018 and in mid-2019, the proceedings resumed. On April 16, 2020, the District Court accepted the plaintiffs’ application to amend the motion to certify a class action and set deadlines for filing amended pleadings by the parties. CTI submitted a motion to appeal the District Court’s decision to the Israeli Supreme Court, as well as a motion to stay the proceedings in the District Court pending the resolution of the appeal. On July 6, 2020, the Israeli Supreme Court granted the motion for a stay. On July 27, 2020, the plaintiffs filed their response on the merits of the motion for leave to appeal. On December 15, 2021, the Israeli Supreme Court rejected CTI’s motion to appeal and the proceedings in the District Court resumed.

At the recommendation of the District Court, in June 2022, the parties conducted another round of mediation in New York. On July 10, 2022, the parties reached an agreement to settle the matter on terms set forth in a settlement agreement that was executed by all parties and submitted a motion for approval of the settlement agreement to the District Court. Under the terms of the settlement agreement, subject to full and final waiver, Mavenir Inc. and/or Comverse, Inc. and/or Mavenir Ltd. agreed to pay a total of $16.0 million (such amount to be paid in three phases as set forth in the settlement agreement) as compensation to the plaintiffs and members of the class. The compensation amount is comprehensive, final and absolute and includes within it all the amounts and expenses to be paid in connection with the settlement agreement. Under the terms of an associated guaranty agreement, Verint has guaranteed the payment of the compensation amount in the event it is not paid by the primary obligors. On February 7, 2023, the District Court approved the settlement without material changes. As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022, we recorded a liability~~2023, the first installment of ~~$16.0~~the compensation amount had been paid by Mavenir, leaving two installments of approximately $4.7 million ~~$11.3 million~~each, one of which ~~is included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and $4.7 million of which is included~~was paid in ~~other liabilities, and an offsetting indemnification receivable of $16.0 million, $11.3 million of which is included~~September 2023 with the final installment to be paid in prepaid expenses and other current assets, and $4.7 million of which is included in other assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. There was no impact to our condensed consolidated statement of operations. The settlement

~~remains pending and contingent upon District Court approval. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the matter will be settled on the terms set forth in the settlement agreement or otherwise.~~April 2024.

~~On February 1, 2021, we completed the Spin-Off. As a result of the Spin-Off, Cognyte is now an independent, publicly traded company.~~ Under the terms of the Separation and Distribution Agreement entered into between Verint and Cognyte, Cognyte has agreed to indemnify Verint for Cognyte’s share of any losses that Verint may suffer related to the foregoing legal actions either in its capacity as successor to CTI, to the extent not indemnified by Mavenir, or due to its former ownership of Cognyte and VSL.

As of July 31, 2023, we had a remaining liability of $9.5 million, which is included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and an offsetting indemnification receivable of $9.5 million, which is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets. There was no impact to our condensed consolidated statement of operations.

Unfair Competition Litigation and Related Investigation

~~On February 14, 2022, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan issued negative partial summary judgment decisions in two cases pending against~~As previously disclosed, Verint Americas Inc., as successor to ForeSee Results, Inc. (“ForeSee”), ~~On July 19, 2022,~~was the ~~court also denied ForeSee’s motions for reconsideration of these rulings. The parties are currently addressing pre-trial disputes~~defendant in advance of trial on the question of the amount, if any, of plaintiffs’ damages. The court has also directed the parties to conduct a mediation in advance of trial, which is currently expected to take place in February 2023.

We believe that the court’s partial summary judgment decisions were wrongly decided and are contrary to the facts and the law and we intend to appeal those rulings following a final judgment. Furthermore, we believe that the claims asserted by the plaintiffs are without merit, and as explained in our affirmative Delaware litigation described below, that by bringing the claims, plaintiffs breached an agreement not to pursue such claims against ForeSee in an improper attempt by plaintiffs and their founder, Claes Fornell, to extract additional monies from ForeSee.

~~The~~ two Eastern District of Michigan cases ~~are~~ captioned ACSI LLC v. ForeSee Results, Inc., and CFI Group USA LLC v. Verint Americas Inc. The former case was filed on October 24, 2018 against ForeSee Results, Inc. by American Customer Satisfaction Index, LLC (“ACSI LLC”)~~. Case~~ (Case No. 2:~~18-cv-13319. Verint completed its acquisition of ForeSee on December 19, 2018. In its complaint, ACSI LLC~~18-cv-13319) and alleged infringement of two federally registered trademarks and common law unfair competition under federal and state law. ACSI LLC asserts that ForeSee, despite cancelling its license to use ACSI LLC’s alleged trademarks in 2013, has continued to use ACSI LLC’s trademarks. The trademark infringement claim was subsequently dismissed, but the common law unfair competition claims have proceeded. The latter case was filed on September 5, 2019 against Verint Americas Inc. (as successor in interest to ForeSee) by CFI Group USA LLC (“CFI”)~~. Case~~ (Case No. 2:~~19-cv-12602. In its complaint, CFI alleges~~19-cv-12602) and alleged unfair competition and false advertising under federal and state law, as well as tortious interference with contract. CFI asserts that ForeSee engaged in unfair competition by using ACSI LLC’s trademarks without a license, and that ForeSee engaged in false advertising by mis-describing its customer satisfaction products. ACSI LLC’s and CFI’s complaints seek unspecified damages on their claims.

~~ForeSee continues to believe that there are substantial defenses to the claims in the ACSI LLC and CFI litigations and intends to continue to defend them vigorously.~~

Verint has also been informed that the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Eastern District of Michigan’s Civil Division (“USAO”) is conducting a False Claims Act investigation concerning allegations ForeSee and/or Verint failed to provide the federal government the services described in certain government contracts related to ForeSee’s products inherited by Verint in the acquisition. Verint received a Civil Investigation Demand (“CID”) in connection with this investigation and has provided responses. The False Claims Act contains provisions that allow for private persons to initiate actions by filing claims under seal. We believe that ~~this investigation was initiated~~the claims asserted by the plaintiffs in coordination with the Eastern District of Michigan litigation discussed above. Verint continues to work cooperatively with the USAO in its review of this matter. At this point, Verint has not determined that therethese matters were ~~any deficiencies in ForeSee’s and/or Verint’s performance of the government contracts.~~

without merit. Following the filing of the Eastern District of Michigan litigation, ForeSee filed affirmative litigation in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia (Case No. 1:19-cv-02892, Complaint filed on June 25, 2019) against ACSI LLC’s predecessor in interest. ACSI LLC was then substituted as the named defendant. In that action, ForeSee sought cancellation of ACSI LLC’s federally registered trademarks. In response to ASCI LLC’s motion to dismiss the action, on March 15, 2022, the Georgia court issued an order transferring that action to the Eastern District of Michigan. Verint subsequently withdrew the action without prejudice and continues to consider any next actions it may take with respect to this matter.

~~Following the filing of the Eastern District of Michigan litigation, ForeSee also~~ filed affirmative litigation in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware (Case No. 1:21-cv-00674, Complaint filed on May 7, 2021) against ACSI LLC, CFI, Claes Fornell, and CFI Software LLC (the “Fornell Group”)~~. Claes Fornell founded both ACSI LLC~~ asserting fraud and ~~CFI, and previously co-founded ForeSee before selling it in December 2013 for a significant gain. The Delaware action asserts~~other claims against ACSI

LLC, CFI, Fornell, and CFI Software for, among other things, their breach of a “Joinder and Waiver Agreement” entered into in connection with the December 2013 sale of ForeSee to its previous owner and misrepresentations in ~~which they represented that they had no claims against~~the associated deal documents. Verint acquired ForeSee in December 2018.

In April 2023, the parties reached an agreement in principle to settle these actions, and on June 1, 2023, the parties signed a definitive settlement agreement. Under the terms of the settlement agreement, Verint paid $9.0 million to the Fornell Group in July 2023 and the parties have agreed to certain restrictive covenants with respect to the future business activities of both ForeSee and the Fornell Group. The agreement provides that the settlement does not constitute a ruling on the merits, an admission as to any issue of fact or principle of law, or an admission of liability or wrongdoing by either ForeSee or Verint. Following the execution of the settlement agreement, the two cases in ~~which they released any such claims.~~ Michigan against us have been dismissed, and the case in Delaware filed by us has been dismissed.

The ~~Delaware action alleges~~U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Eastern District of Michigan’s Civil Division (“USAO”) also conducted a False Claims Act investigation concerning allegations ForeSee and/or Verint failed to provide the federal government the services described in certain government contracts related to ForeSee’s products inherited by Verint in the ForeSee acquisition. Verint received a Civil Investigation Demand (“CID”) in connection with this investigation and provided responses. The False Claims Act contains provisions that allow for private persons (“relators”) to initiate actions by filing claims under seal. We believed and subsequently confirmed that this investigation was initiated by ACSI LLC and CFI in coordination with the Eastern District of Michigan litigations effectively represent an improper attempt by Fornell and his affiliates to profit off of ForeSee a second time (first by selling it in 2013 as a law-abiding company, only to sue it in 2018 and 2019 claiming violations of law for business practices that began while Fornell owned a significant position in ForeSee (via CFI Software) and during the time that Fornell served as chairman of ForeSee’s board). The Delaware action also asserts fraud claims against Fornell and CFI Software for affirmative statements they made in the December 2013 merger agreement which effectuated the sale and in other contemporaneous materials that ForeSee was not engaging in unfair competition or other violations of law. In the Delaware litigation ~~we are seeking as damages any amounts recovered by ACSI LLC, CFI or the USAO in the proceedings against ForeSee and/or Verint~~ discussed above, as well as attorneys’ fees. Following the filing of our claims, the Fornell Group moved to dismiss, stay or transfer the Delaware litigation. The motion and ForeSee’s objection are currently pending before the Delaware court.above.

~~No amounts have~~In March 2023, Verint and the Assistant U.S. Attorney overseeing the USAO investigation reached an agreement in principle to resolve the USAO matter. The definitive settlement agreement, which provides that it is not an admission of liability by us, was signed in July 2023 including by the USAO and the relators. Under the settlement agreement, Verint paid $7.0 million to the government in August 2023 (a portion of which is payable by the government to the relators) in exchange for a release of the asserted claims, and an associated civil action brought by the relators has been dismissed.

As of January 31, 2023, we recognized a $7.0 million legal settlement liability in respect of the USAO matter and a $3.5 million legal settlement liability in respect of the ACSI and CFI matters within accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and a corresponding insurance recovery receivable in prepaid expenses and other current assets on our consolidated balance sheets. These loss accruals and insurance recoveries were offset within selling, general and administrative expenses in our consolidated ~~financial~~ statements of operations for ~~these loss contingencies as it is not probable~~the year ended January 31, 2023, resulting in no impact on our consolidated statements of operations.

As of July 31, 2023, we had accrued a ~~loss has been incurred and the range of a possible loss is not yet estimable. However,~~$7.0 million legal settlement liability in ~~light~~respect of the ~~rulings by~~USAO matter within accrued expenses and other current liabilities, which was paid in August 2023. The incremental settlement costs of $5.5 million related to the ~~trial court~~ACSI and CFI matters as a result of the settlement described above is included within selling, general and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the ~~Eastern District~~six months ended July 31, 2023. We reached a final settlement with one of ~~Michigan,~~our insurance carriers for a total cumulative insurance recovery of $14.5 million for the losses we ~~consider~~incurred related to these actions, which offset settlement and legal expenses during the ~~potential exposure reasonably possible. An estimate of a reasonably possible loss (or a range of loss) cannot be made~~year ended January 31, 2023. We collected $2.0 million during the year ended January 31, 2023 and $12.5 million was collected in either the commercial litigation or False Claims Act investigation at this time. As these matters are ongoing it is at least reasonably possible that our estimates will change in the near term and the effect may be material.April 2023.

We are a party to various other ~~various~~ litigation matters and claims that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of our business. While we believe that the ultimate outcome of any such current matters will not have a material adverse effect on us, their outcomes are not determinable and negative outcomes may adversely affect our financial position, liquidity, or results of operations.

16. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

~~Stock Repurchase Program~~

~~On December 7, 2022,~~In August 2023, we ~~announced that our board~~paid a $7.0 million legal settlement liability in respect of ~~directors had authorized a new stock repurchase program~~the USAO matter. Please refer to Note 15, “Commitments and Contingencies” for the period from December 12, 2022 until January 31, 2025, whereby we may repurchase shares of common stock not to exceed, in the aggregate, $200.0 million during the repurchase period. We may utilize a number of different methods to effect the repurchases, including open market purchases, which may include, without limitation, round lot or block transactions, including through one or more accelerated stock repurchase plans or pursuant to the terms of one or more repurchase plans in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 or Rule 10b-18 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The specific timing, price, and size of purchases will depend on prevailing stock prices, general market and economic conditions, and other considerations. The program may be extended, suspended, or discontinued at any time without prior notice and does not obligate us to acquire any particular amount of common stock.additional information.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following management’s discussion and analysis is provided to assist readers in understanding our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. This discussion should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, ~~2022~~2023 and our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in this report. This discussion contains a number of forward-looking statements, all of which are based on our current expectations and all of which could be affected by uncertainties and risks. Our actual results may differ materially from the results contemplated in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors including, but not limited to, those described under “Cautionary Note on Forward-Looking Statements”.

Overview

~~Spin-Off of Cognyte Software Ltd.~~Macroeconomic Conditions

~~On February 1, 2021, we completed~~During the ~~previously announced spin-off (the “Spin-Off”)~~three and six months ended July 31, 2023, global macroeconomic conditions were, and continue to be, influenced by a number of ~~Cognyte Software Ltd. (“Cognyte”), a company~~factors, including, but not limited ~~by shares incorporated under~~to, the ~~laws~~impacts of the ~~State of Israel whose business~~COVID-19 pandemic, the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war, labor shortages, supply chain disruptions, inflation, instability in the global banking industry, and ~~operations consist~~changes to monetary and fiscal policies by central banks and governments around the world. These items are described further below. We believe that these conditions are increasing the length of our ~~former Cyber Intelligence Solutions business. The Spin-Off was completed by way~~sales cycles, impacting customer and partner spending decisions and have resulted in decreased demand, increased costs, and reduced margins.

Russia-Ukraine War

We continue to monitor events associated with the Russian invasion of ~~a pro rata distribution~~Ukraine and its global impacts, including applicable trade compliance or other legal requirements regarding permissible activities in the region. Based on ~~February 1, 2021 of all of~~ the ~~then-issued and outstanding ordinary shares, no par value, of Cognyte to holders of record of our common stock as of the close of business on January 25, 2021. After the distribution,~~current situation, we do not ~~beneficially own any ordinary shares of Cognyte~~believe the Russia-Ukraine conflict has had or will have a material impact on our business and ~~beginning February 1, 2021, we no longer consolidate Cognyte within our financial results or reflect the financial~~ results of ~~Cognyte within~~operations. However, if the Russia-Ukraine conflict worsens or expands, leading to greater global economic disruptions and uncertainty, our ~~continuing~~business and results of ~~operations.~~

~~In connection with the Spin-Off, we~~operations could be materially impacted. Our operations and ~~Cognyte entered into a separation~~customers in Russia, Belarus, and ~~distribution agreement~~Ukraine represented immaterial portions of our net assets as ~~well as various other agreements that provide a framework~~of July 31, 2023 and January 31, 2023, and total revenue for the ~~relationships between the parties going forward, including among others an employee matters agreement, a tax matters agreement,~~six months ended July 31, 2023 and a transition services agreement, pursuant to which we and Cognyte agreed to provide and/or make available various administrative services and assets to each other for a given period based on each individual service. The performance of services under the transition services agreement was substantially concluded as of January 31, 2022, with only minimal advisory services continuing as of October 31, 2022.

~~Apax Investment~~

On December 4, 2019, we announced that an affiliate (the “Apax Investor”) of Apax Partners (“Apax”) would make an investment in us in an amount of up to $400.0 million. Under the terms of the Investment Agreement, dated as of December 4, 2019 (the “Investment Agreement”), on May 7, 2020, the Apax Investor purchased $200.0 million of our Series A convertible preferred stock (“Series A Preferred Stock”). In connection with the completion of the Spin-Off, on April 6, 2021, the Apax Investor purchased $200.0 million of our Series B convertible preferred stock (the “Series B Preferred Stock” and, together with the Series A Preferred Stock, the “Preferred Stock”). Further discussion regarding the Apax investments and details of the closing of both tranches appears in the “Liquidity and Capital Resources — Overview” section below.

COVID-19 Pandemic and Workplace Modifications

~~On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a global pandemic.~~ As a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, we have, among other things, made adjustments to our employee work arrangements and our approach to business travel, meetings, and events. The COVID-19 pandemic created, and continues to create, significant uncertainty in macroeconomic conditions, including supply chain disruptors and labor shortages. We continue to actively monitor and evaluate the situation and may take further actions that alter our business operations as may be required by governmental authorities or that we determine are in the best interests of our employees, customers, partners, stockholders, or other stakeholders.

We have adopted a hybrid work model under which the majority of our employees now work from home on a full or part-time basis. As part of our hybrid model, we have also re-opened some of our offices and have contracted for co-working space in certain locations for employees to use as needed, subject to applicable government regulations. ~~During the second half of~~Beginning in the year ended January 31, 2022 and continuing into the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, we decided to exit or reduce our space under certain office ~~leases and we expect to take further actions in this regard as we continue to evaluate our real estate footprint.~~leases. We recognized ~~$1.2~~$5.7 million and ~~$13.8~~$6.0 million of accelerated lease expense, including losses on terminations, and other asset impairments, which were reflected within selling, general, and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, respectively. We recognized ~~$0.6~~$4.9 million and ~~$2.2~~$12.5 million of accelerated lease

expense, including losses on terminations, and other asset impairments, which were reflected within selling, general, and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021,~~2022, respectively.

~~Russia-Ukraine Conflict~~

We ~~continue~~are in the process of migrating to ~~monitor events~~a new cloud-based IT infrastructure to support the shift to a hybrid work environment and enable us to operate more efficiently. IT charges associated with modifying the ~~Russian invasion~~workplace, including consolidating and/or migrating data centers and labs to the cloud, simplifying the corporate network, and one-time costs for implementing collaboration tools to enable our hybrid work environment, as well as asset impairment charges and IT facility exit costs were $12.1 million and $0.9 million during the three months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $14.9 million and $2.4 million during the six months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, which were reflected within selling, general, and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statement of ~~Ukraine~~operations. We also recognized $1.1 million of asset impairment charges related to software licenses that were previously used in research and ~~its global impacts. Based on~~development as a result of the ~~current situation, we do not believe~~migration to the ~~Russia-Ukraine conflict will have~~cloud and $0.5 million of other costs related to the migration to a ~~material impact on~~new cloud-based IT infrastructure. These charges were reflected within research and development, net expenses in our ~~business and results of operation. However, if the Russia-Ukraine conflict worsens or expands, leading to greater global economic disruptions and uncertainty, our business and results~~condensed consolidated statement of operations could be materially impacted. Our operations and customers in Russia, Belarus, and occupied portions of Ukraine represented immaterial portions of our net assets as of October 31, 2022 and January 31, 2022, and total revenue for the ~~nine~~three and six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022 and 2021.~~2023.

Our Business

Verint is uniquely positioned to help organizations close the Engagement Capacity Gap™ with our differentiated Verint Customer Engagement Cloud Platform. Brands today are challenged by new workforce dynamics, ever-expanding customer engagement channels and exponentially more consumer interactions – often while facing limited budgets and resources. As a result, brands are finding it more challenging to deliver the desired customer experience. This creates a capacity gap, which is widening as the digital transformation continues. Organizations are increasingly seeking technology to close this ~~gap. Through the Verint Customer Engagement Cloud Platform, we offer our customers and partners~~gap with solutions that are based on ~~artificial intelligence (“AI”)~~AI and are developed specifically for customer engagement. These solutions automate workflows across enterprise silos to optimize the workforce expense and at the same time drive an elevated consumer experience. Our solutions are used by approximately 10,000 organizations in over 175 countries across a diverse set of verticals, including financial services, healthcare, utilities, technology, and government. Our customers include large enterprises with thousands of employees, as well as small to medium sized business (“SMB”) organizations.

Key Trends

We believe there are three key market trends that are benefiting Verint today: the acceleration of digital transformation, ~~changes in the~~a changing workforce, ~~shaping the future of work,~~ and elevated customer expectations.

•Acceleration of Digital Transformation: Digital transformation is accelerating, and it is driving significant change in customer engagement for contact centers and across the enterprise. Long gone are the days when customer journeys were limited to phone calls into a contact center. Today, customer journeys take place across many touchpoints in the enterprise and across many communication and collaboration platforms, including in contact centers, back-office and branch operations, e-commerce, digital marketing, self-service, and customer experience departments, with digital leading the way. ~~Customer touchpoints take place~~Leading brands understand that as digital rises in ~~contact centers, in back-office~~importance and ~~branch operations, in ecommerce, in digital marketing, in self-service,~~telephony becomes more commoditized, organizations need to change business processes and input their primary focus on application capabilities when making customer ~~experience departments.~~engagement technology decisions. We believe that the breadth of customer touchpoints across the enterprise and the rapid growth in digital interactions benefit Verint as these trends create demand for new solutions that can increase automation and connect organizational silos to increase efficiency and elevate the customer experience.

•A Changing ~~Workforce Shapes the Future of Work:~~Workforce: Brands are facing unprecedented challenges when it comes to how they manage their changing workforce. Increasingly, brands are managing employees that may work from anywhere. Providing flexibility for where employees work creates greater challenges in managing and coaching employee teams. And because of the limited resources that are available, brands must drive greater workforce efficiency. They need to find ways to use technology, like AI-powered bots, to augment their workforce. ~~“The Great Resignation” has put a spotlight on~~Brands recognize the need to leverage data and automation to achieve greater efficiency. In addition, the importance of employee experience continues to grow, and brands must quickly evolve how they recruit, onboard, and retain employees. We believe that these trends benefit Verint as they create demand for new solutions that can shape the future of work, with a workforce of people and bots working together, increased automation, greater employee flexibility, and a greater focus on the voice of the employees.

•Elevated Customer Expectations: Customer expectations for faster, more consistent, and contextual responses continue to rise and meeting those expectations is becoming ~~more~~increasingly difficult with legacy technology. The ~~increase~~proliferation in ~~the number of~~customer channels and the desire of customers to seamlessly shift between channels creates a more complex customer journey for brands to ~~support~~manage and ~~manage.~~support. Customers also expect ~~that~~ brands ~~will~~to have a deep understanding of the customer’s relationship with that brand — an understanding that is unified across the enterprise, regardless of whether the customer touchpoint is in the contact center, on a website, through a mobile app, in the ~~back office,~~back-office, or in a branch. To develop that deep understanding, leading brands recognize the need to fuse the data that has traditionally existed in silos across the enterprise and use it to inform and automate the customer experience. We believe that this trend benefits Verint as it creates demand for new solutions that help brands support complex customer journeys and increase automation to meet elevated customer expectations.

While we continue to see significant demand for our solutions, ~~as our customers accelerate~~including due to the ~~digitization of their customer interactions and internal operations,~~foregoing key trends, we believe that current macroeconomic ~~factors, including foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, increased inflation rates, and increases in the weighted-average cost of capital due to increases in interest rates may be~~conditions, as described above, are impacting customer and partner spending decisions. Future impacts on our business and financial results as a result of these conditions are not estimable at this time and depend, in part, on the

extent to which these conditions improve or worsen. See the “Risk Factors” under Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, ~~2022~~2023 for further discussion of the possible impact of macroeconomic conditions and other global events on our business. See the “Foreign Currency Exchange Rates’ Impact on Results of Operations” section below for further discussion of the impact that foreign currency exchange rates have had on our results of operations.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Note 1, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to the audited consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, ~~2022~~2023 describes the significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements appearing in this report. The accounting policies that reflect our more significant estimates, judgments and assumptions in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements are described in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, ~~2022,~~2023, and include the following:

•Revenue recognition;

•Accounting for business combinations;

•Goodwill and other acquired intangible assets;

•Income taxes; and

•Accounting for stock-based compensation.

There were no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023.

Results of Operations

Seasonality and Cyclicality

As is typical for many software and technology companies, our business is subject to seasonal and cyclical factors. In most years, our revenue and operating income are typically highest in the fourth quarter and lowest in the first quarter (prior to the impact of unusual or nonrecurring items). Moreover, revenue and operating income in the first quarter of a new year may be lower than in the fourth quarter of the preceding year, in some years, by a significant margin. In addition, we generally receive a higher volume of orders in the last month of a quarter, with orders concentrated in the latter part of that month. We believe that these seasonal and cyclical factors primarily reflect customer spending patterns and budget cycles, as well as the impact of incentive compensation plans for our sales personnel. While seasonal and cyclical factors such as these are common in the software and technology industry, this pattern should not be considered a reliable indicator of our future revenue or financial performance. Many other factors, including general economic conditions, may also have an impact on our business and financial results.

Overview of Operating Results

The following table sets forth a summary of certain key financial information for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:


		Three Months Ended October 31,				Nine Months Ended October 31,					Three Months Ended July 31,				Six Months Ended July 31,
(in thousands, except per share data)	(in thousands, except per share data)	2022		2021		2022		2021		(in thousands, except per share data)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Revenue	Revenue	$	225,193	$	224,820	$	665,998	$	640,341	Revenue	$	210,165	$	222,899	$	426,731	$	440,805
Operating income		$	21,678	$	24,668	$	23,686	$	40,647
Net (loss) income attributable to Verint Systems Inc. common shares		$	(1,124)	$	8,037	$	(13,650)	$	5,314
Net (loss) income per common share attributable to Verint Systems Inc.:
Operating (loss) income										Operating (loss) income	$	(7,512)	$	1,510	$	1,260	$	2,008
Net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. common shares										Net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. common shares	$	(11,200)	$	(7,612)	$	(13,105)	$	(12,526)
Net loss per common share attributable to Verint Systems Inc.:										Net loss per common share attributable to Verint Systems Inc.:
Basic	Basic	$	(0.02)	$	0.12	$	(0.21)	$	0.08	Basic	$	(0.17)	$	(0.12)	$	(0.20)	$	(0.19)
Diluted	Diluted	$	(0.02)	$	0.12	$	(0.21)	$	0.08	Diluted	$	(0.17)	$	(0.12)	$	(0.20)	$	(0.19)

Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Our revenue ~~increased~~decreased approximately ~~$0.4~~$12.7 million, from ~~$224.8~~$222.9 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~$225.2~~$210.2 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023. The ~~increase~~decrease consisted of a ~~$15.4 million increase in recurring revenue, offset by a $15.0~~$7.3 million decrease in nonrecurring revenue and a $5.4 million decrease in recurring revenue. For additional details on our revenue by category, see “—Revenue”. Revenue in the Americas, in Europe, the Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”), and in the Asia-Pacific (“APAC”) regions represented approximately ~~72%~~68%, ~~19%~~21%, and 9%11% of our

total revenue, respectively, in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, compared to approximately ~~70%~~69%, 20%, and ~~10%~~11%, respectively, in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Further details of changes in revenue are provided below.

We reported an operating loss of $7.5 million in the three months ended July 31, 2023 compared to operating income of $1.5 million in the three months ended July 31, 2022. The decrease in operating income was primarily due to a $6.5 million decrease in gross profit, from $147.8 million to $141.3 million, and a $2.5 million increase in operating expenses, from $146.3 million to $148.8 million. The increase in operating expenses consisted of a $2.7 million increase in selling, general and administrative expenses and a $0.1 million increase in net research and development expenses, partially offset by a $0.3 million decrease in amortization of other acquired intangible assets. Further details of changes in operating income are provided below.

Net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. common shares was $11.2 million and diluted net loss per common share was $0.17 in the three months ended July 31, 2023 compared to a net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. common shares of $7.6 million and diluted net loss per common share of $0.12 in the three months ended July 31, 2022. The increase in net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. common shares in the three months ended July 31, 2023 was primarily due to a $9.0 million decrease in operating income as described above, partially offset by a $5.3 million decrease in our provision for income taxes and a $0.1 million decrease in total other expense, net. Further details of these changes are provided below.

Six Months Ended July 31, 2023 compared to Six Months Ended July 31, 2022. Our revenue decreased approximately $14.1 million, from $440.8 million in the six months ended July 31, 2022 to $426.7 million in the six months ended July 31, 2023. The decrease consisted of a $15.7 million decrease in nonrecurring revenue, partially offset by a $1.6 million increase in recurring revenue. For additional details on our revenue by category, see “—Revenue”. Revenue in the Americas, EMEA, and APAC regions represented approximately 69%, 20%, and 11% of our total revenue, respectively, in the six months ended July 31, 2023, compared to approximately 68%, 21%, and 11%, respectively, in the six months ended July 31, 2022. Further details of changes in revenue are provided below.

We reported operating income of ~~$21.7~~$1.3 million in the ~~three~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to operating income of ~~$24.7~~$2.0 million in the ~~three~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2022. The decrease in operating income was primarily due to a ~~$5.1~~$1.2 million increase in operating expenses, from ~~$128.1~~$287.0 million to ~~$133.2~~$288.2 million, partially offset by a ~~$2.1~~$0.5 million increase in gross profit, from ~~$152.7~~$289.0 million to ~~$154.8~~$289.5 million. The increase in operating expenses consisted of a ~~$4.0~~$1.1 million increase in selling, general and administrative expenses and a ~~$1.9~~$0.9 million increase in net research and development expenses, partially offset by ana $0.8 million decrease in amortization of other acquired intangible assets. Further details of changes in operating income are provided below.

Net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. common shares was ~~$1.1~~$13.1 million and diluted net loss per common share was ~~$0.02~~$0.20 in the ~~three~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to a net ~~income~~loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. common shares of ~~$8.0~~$12.5 million and diluted net ~~income~~loss per common share of ~~$0.12~~$0.19 in the ~~three~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2022. The increase in net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. common shares in the ~~three~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 was primarily due to ~~an $8.0~~a $1.1 million increase in ~~the provision for income taxes and~~total other expense, net, a ~~$3.0~~$0.7 million decrease in operating income as described above, ~~partially offset by a $1.8 million decrease in total other expense, net,~~ and a $0.1 million ~~decrease~~increase in net income attributable to noncontrolling ~~interests. Further details of these changes are provided below.~~

~~Nine Months Ended October 31, 2022 compared to Nine Months Ended October 31, 2021.~~ Our revenue increased approximately $25.7 million, or 4%, from $640.3 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2021 to $666.0 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2022. The increase consisted of a $40.6 million increase in recurring revenue,interests, partially offset by a ~~$14.9~~$1.3 million decrease in ~~nonrecurring revenue. For additional details on~~ our revenue by category, see “—Revenue”. Revenue in the Americas, EMEA, and APAC regions represented approximately 70%, 20%, and 10% of our total revenue, respectively, in the nine months ended October 31, 2022, compared to approximately 68%, 21%, and 11%, respectively, in the nine months ended October 31, 2021. Further details of changes in revenue are provided below.

We reported operating income of $23.7 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2022, compared to operating income of $40.6 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2021. The decrease in operating income was primarily due to a $37.3 million increase in operating expenses, from $382.7 million to $420.0 million, partially offset by a $20.4 million increase in gross profit, from $423.4 million to $443.8 million. The increase in operating expenses consisted of a $33.5 million increase in selling, general and administrative expenses and a $5.8 million increase in net research and development expenses, partially offset by a $2.0 million decrease in amortization of other acquired intangible assets. Further details of changes in operating income are provided below.

Net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. common shares was $13.7 million and net loss per common share was $0.21 in the nine months ended October 31, 2022, compared to net income attributable to Verint Systems Inc. common shares of $5.3 million and diluted net income per common share of $0.08 in the nine months ended October 31, 2021. The net loss attributable to Verint Systems Inc. common shares in the nine months ended October 31, 2022 was primarily due to a $16.9 million decrease in operating income as described above, a $7.1 million increase in the provision for income ~~taxes, and a $1.9 million~~

~~increase in dividends on preferred stock, partially offset by a $6.6 million decrease in total other expense, net and a $0.3 million decrease in net income attributable to noncontrolling interests.~~taxes. Further details of these changes are provided below.

As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, we employed approximately ~~4,300~~4,100 employees ~~and~~plus a few hundred contractors, as compared to approximately ~~4,100~~4,300 employees ~~and~~plus a few hundred contractors at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2022.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rates’ Impact on Results of Operations

A portion of our business is conducted in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, and therefore our revenue, cost of revenue, and operating expenses are affected by fluctuations in applicable foreign currency exchange rates. The income statements of our non-U.S. operations are translated into U.S. dollars at the average exchange rates for each applicable month in a period. Revenue denominated in non-U.S. dollar currency was ~~19%~~22% and ~~22%~~21% of our total revenue for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively. Revenue denominated in non-U.S. dollar currency was 21% ~~and 23%~~ of our total revenue for each of the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021, respectively.~~2022. Our combined cost of revenue and operating expenses denominated in non-U.S. dollar currency were 29% and ~~32%~~31% of our total combined cost of revenue and operating expenses for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively. Our combined cost of revenue and operating expenses denominated in non-U.S. dollar currency ~~were~~was 30% ~~and 32%~~ of our total combined cost of revenue and operating expenses for each of the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021, respectively.~~2022.

When comparing average exchange rates for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 to average exchange rates for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the U.S. dollar weakened relative to the British pound sterling and the euro and strengthened relative to the Australian dollar, resulting in an overall increase in our revenue and expenses on a U.S. dollar-denominated

basis. For the three months ended July 31, 2023, had foreign currency exchange rates remained unchanged from rates in effect for the three months ended July 31, 2022, our revenue would have been approximately $0.5 million lower and our cost of revenue and operating expenses on a combined basis would have been approximately $0.1 million lower, which would have resulted in a $0.4 million decrease in our operating income.

When comparing average exchange rates for the six months ended July 31, 2023 to average exchange rates for the six months ended July 31, 2022, the U.S. dollar strengthened relative to the Australian dollar, the British pound sterling, ~~the euro,~~ and the ~~Australian dollar,~~Israeli shekel, resulting in an overall decrease in our revenue and expenses on a U.S. dollar-denominated basis. For the ~~three~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, had foreign currency exchange rates remained unchanged from rates in effect for the ~~three~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021,~~2022, our revenue would have been approximately ~~$6.8~~$2.4 million higher and our cost of revenue and operating expenses on a combined basis would have been approximately ~~$8.1~~$4.3 million higher, which would have resulted in a ~~$1.3 million decrease in our operating income.~~

When comparing average exchange rates for the nine months ended October 31, 2022 to average exchange rates for the nine months ended October 31, 2021, the U.S. dollar strengthened relative to the British pound sterling, the euro, and the Australian dollar, resulting in an overall decrease in our revenue and expenses on a U.S. dollar-denominated basis. For the nine months ended October 31, 2022, had foreign currency exchange rates remained unchanged from rates in effect for the nine months ended October 31, 2021, our revenue would have been approximately $14.9 million higher and our cost of revenue and operating expenses on a combined basis would have been approximately $17.5 million higher, which would have resulted in a $2.6$1.9 million decrease in our operating income.

Revenue

We derive and report our revenue in two categories: (a) recurring revenue, which includes bundled SaaS, unbundled SaaS, hosting services, optional managed services, initial and renewal support revenue, and product warranties, and (b) nonrecurring revenue, which primarily consists of ~~our~~ perpetual licenses, hardware, installation services, business advisory consulting and training services, and patent license royalties.

The following table sets forth revenue by category for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:


		Three Months Ended October 31,				% Change	Nine Months Ended October 31,				% Change		Three Months Ended July 31,				% Change	Six Months Ended July 31,				% Change
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	2022		2021		2022 - 2021	2022		2021		2022 - 2021	(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023 - 2022	2023		2022		2023 - 2022
Recurring revenue	Recurring revenue											Recurring revenue
Bundled SaaS revenue	Bundled SaaS revenue	$	57,041	$	48,390	18%	$	161,005	$	130,639	23%	Bundled SaaS revenue	$	62,066	$	54,679	14%	$	121,519	$	103,964	17%
Unbundled SaaS revenue	Unbundled SaaS revenue	58,746		33,713		74%	152,066		91,440		66%	Unbundled SaaS revenue	51,375		47,875		7%	109,070		93,320		17%
Total SaaS revenue												Total SaaS revenue	113,441		102,554		11%	230,589		197,284		17%
Optional managed services revenue	Optional managed services revenue	15,436		16,358		(6)%	47,127		49,688		(5)%	Optional managed services revenue	12,165		15,778		(23)%	25,030		31,691		(21)%
Total cloud revenue		131,223		98,461		33%	360,198		271,767		33%
Support revenue	Support revenue	42,999		60,350		(29)%	139,831		187,675		(25)%	Support revenue	35,393		48,108		(26)%	71,819		96,832		(26)%
Total recurring revenue	Total recurring revenue	174,222		158,811		10%	500,029		459,442		9%	Total recurring revenue	160,999		166,440		(3)%	327,438		325,807		1%
Nonrecurring revenue	Nonrecurring revenue											Nonrecurring revenue
Perpetual revenue	Perpetual revenue	24,425		40,436		(40)%	88,473		102,108		(13)%	Perpetual revenue	25,212		30,790		(18)%	49,546		64,048		(23)%
Professional services revenue	Professional services revenue	26,546		25,573		4%	77,496		78,791		(2)%	Professional services revenue	23,954		25,669		(7)%	49,747		50,950		(2)%
Total nonrecurring revenue	Total nonrecurring revenue	50,971		66,009		(23)%	165,969		180,899		(8)%	Total nonrecurring revenue	49,166		56,459		(13)%	99,293		114,998		(14)%
Total revenue	Total revenue	$	225,193	$	224,820	—%	$	665,998	$	640,341	4%	Total revenue	$	210,165	$	222,899	(6)%	$	426,731	$	440,805	(3)%

Recurring Revenue

Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Recurring revenue ~~increased~~decreased approximately ~~$15.4~~$5.4 million, or ~~10%~~3%, from ~~$158.8~~$166.4 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~$174.2~~$161.0 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023. The ~~increase~~decrease consisted of a ~~$32.8~~$12.7 million ~~increase~~decrease in ~~cloud~~support revenue and a $3.6 million decrease in optional managed services revenue, partially offset by a ~~$17.4~~$10.9 million increase in SaaS revenue. The decrease in support ~~revenue. The increase in cloud~~revenue and optional managed services revenue was primarily due to customers migrating to our bundled SaaS solutions. The increase in SaaS revenue was primarily due to an increase in bundled SaaS revenue due to new customer contracts and existing customers expanding their use of our cloud platform and an increase in unbundled SaaS revenue resulting from support conversion ~~transactions and new cloud deployments, and an~~transactions.

Six Months Ended July 31, 2023 compared to Six Months Ended July 31, 2022. Recurring revenue increased approximately $1.6 million, or 1%, from $325.8 million in the six months ended July 31, 2022 to $327.4 million in the six months ended July 31, 2023. The increase consisted of a $33.3 million increase in ~~bundled~~ SaaS revenue, partially offset by a ~~slight~~$25.0 million decrease in support revenue and a $6.7 million decrease in optional managed services revenue. The increase in SaaS revenue was primarily due to an increase in bundled SaaS revenue due to new customer contracts and existing customers expanding their use of our cloud platform and an increase in unbundled SaaS revenue resulting from support conversion transactions. The decrease in support revenue and optional managed services revenue was primarily due to customers migrating to our ~~cloud-based~~bundled SaaS solutions.

~~Nine Months Ended October 31, 2022 compared to Nine Months Ended October 31, 2021.~~ Recurring revenue increased approximately $40.6 million, or 9%, from $459.4 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2021 to $500.0 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2022. The increase consisted of an $88.4 million increase in cloud revenue, partially offset by a $47.8 million decrease in support revenue. The increase in cloud revenue was primarily due to an increase in unbundled SaaS revenue resulting from new cloud deployments and support conversion transactions, and an increase in bundled SaaS revenue, partially offset by a decrease in optional managed services revenue. The decrease in support revenue was primarily due to customers migrating to our cloud-based solutions.

We expect our revenue mix to continue to shift to our cloud offerings, which is consistent with our cloud-first strategy and a general market shift from on-premises to cloud-based ~~solutions.~~solutions, with an increasing portion of the mix coming from our bundled SaaS offerings. Bundled SaaS revenue is generally recognized ratably over the subscription term, while unbundled SaaS revenue is typically recognized upfront upon delivery of the license keys, or when the license term commences, if later. As a result, our revenue may fluctuate from period to period due to the revenue mix in each period, which is influenced by customer buying preferences. When the percentage of unbundled SaaS to bundled SaaS sold or renewed in a period increases, revenue will generally be higher in that period than if the percentage of bundled SaaS to unbundled SaaS were higher. Additionally, a multi-year unbundled SaaS contract will generally result in greater revenue recognition upfront than a one-year unbundled SaaS contract. While we continue to see significant demand for our solutions as our customers accelerate the digitization of their customer interactions and internal operations, we believe that current macroeconomic factors, ~~including foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, increased inflation rates,~~as described above, are increasing the length of our sales cycles and ~~increases in the weighted-average cost of capital due to increases in interest rates may be~~ impacting customer and partner spending decisions.

Nonrecurring Revenue

Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Nonrecurring revenue decreased approximately ~~$15.0~~$7.3 million, or ~~23%~~13%, from ~~$66.0~~$56.5 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~$51.0~~$49.2 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023. The decrease consisted of a ~~$16.0~~$5.6 million decrease in perpetual revenue ~~partially offset by~~and a ~~$1.0~~$1.7 million ~~increase~~decrease in professional services revenue. The decrease in perpetual revenue was primarily due to a decrease in on-premises license revenue driven by the continued shift in spending by our customers toward our cloud-based solutions. The ~~increase~~decrease in ~~one-time~~ professional services revenue was primarily driven ~~by an increase in consulting services and patent license royalty revenue, partially offset~~ by a decrease in implementation services as a result of the overall shift in our business to a cloud-based model.

~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to ~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~ 2022.Nonrecurring revenue decreased approximately ~~$14.9~~$15.7 million, or 8%14%, from ~~$180.9~~$115.0 million in the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~$166.0~~$99.3 million in the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023. The decrease consisted of a ~~$13.6~~$14.5 million decrease in perpetual revenue and a ~~$1.3~~$1.2 million decrease in professional services revenue. The decrease in perpetual revenue was primarily due to a decrease in on-premises license revenue driven by the continued shift in spending by our customers toward our cloud-based solutions ~~partially offset by an increase~~and a decrease in demand for our offerings that include third-party hardware with embedded software. The decrease in ~~one-time~~ professional services revenue was primarily driven by a decrease in implementation services as a result of the overall shift in our business to a cloud-based ~~model, partially offset by an increase in patent license royalty revenue.~~model.

~~Our nonrecurring revenue can fluctuate from period to period, as some large contracts can represent a significant share of our nonrecurring revenue for a given period.~~

Cost of Revenue

The following table sets forth the cost of revenue by recurring and nonrecurring, as well as amortization of acquired technology for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:


		Three Months Ended October 31,				% Change	Nine Months Ended October 31,				% Change		Three Months Ended July 31,				% Change	Six Months Ended July 31,				% Change
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	2022		2021		2022 - 2021	2022		2021		2022 - 2021	(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023 - 2022	2023		2022		2023 - 2022
Cost of recurring revenue	Cost of recurring revenue	$	38,834	$	36,811	5%	$	120,714	$	112,523	7%	Cost of recurring revenue	$	39,567	$	40,852	(3)%	$	79,210	$	81,880	(3)%
Cost of nonrecurring revenue	Cost of nonrecurring revenue	28,013		30,524		(8)%	90,781		90,909		—%	Cost of nonrecurring revenue	27,372		30,700		(11)%	54,167		62,768		(14)%
Amortization of acquired technology	Amortization of acquired technology	3,550		4,749		(25)%	10,742		13,559		(21)%	Amortization of acquired technology	1,937		3,553		(45)%	3,902		7,192		(46)%
Total cost of revenue	Total cost of revenue	$	70,397	$	72,084	(2)%	$	222,237	$	216,991	2%	Total cost of revenue	$	68,876	$	75,105	(8)%	$	137,279	$	151,840	(10)%

Cost of Recurring Revenue

Cost of recurring revenue primarily consists of employee compensation and related expenses for our cloud operations and support teams, contractor costs, cloud infrastructure and data center costs, travel expenses relating to optional managed services and support, and royalties due to third parties for software components that are embedded in our cloud-based solutions. Cost of recurring revenue also includes amortization of capitalized software development costs, stock-based compensation expenses, facility costs, and other allocated overhead expenses.

Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Cost of recurring revenue ~~increased~~decreased approximately ~~$2.0~~$1.3 million, or 5%3%, from ~~$36.8~~$40.9 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~$38.8~~$39.6 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023. The ~~increase~~decrease was primarily due to a reduction in service and support costs due to lower personnel costs as a result of a decrease in headcount, cost optimization efforts focusing on improvements in utilization of our cloud infrastructure, as well as offshoring certain support activities. Our recurring revenue gross margins were 75% in each of the three months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022.

Six Months Ended July 31, 2023 compared to Six Months Ended July 31, 2022. Cost of recurring revenue decreased approximately $2.7 million, or 3%, from $81.9 million in the six months ended July 31, 2022 to $79.2 million in the six months ended July 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in service and support costs due to lower personnel costs as a result of a decrease in headcount, cost optimization efforts focusing on improvements in utilization of our cloud infrastructure, as well as offshoring certain support activities, and a decrease in general overhead expenses due to a reduced number of offices, partially offset by an increase in ~~contractor costs associated with~~ the ~~increase in cloud revenue, an increase in~~ amortization ~~expense related to~~of capitalized software development costs, an increase in employee compensation due to an increase in headcount and general wage inflation, and an increase in data center and cloud costs associated with the increase in cloud revenue, partially offset by the recovery of a portion of previously written off prepaid license royalties.costs. Our recurring revenue gross margins increased from ~~77%~~75% in the ~~three~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~78%~~76% in the ~~three~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, primarily due to ~~recurring~~a favorable change in offering mix as SaaS revenue ~~increasing at a faster rate than recurring costs.~~

~~Nine Months Ended October 31, 2022 compared to Nine Months Ended October 31, 2021.~~ Cost of recurring revenue increased approximately $8.2 million, or 7%, from $112.5 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2021 to $120.7 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2022. The increase was primarily due to an increase in contractor expenses, an increase in amortization expense related to capitalized software development costs, an increase in employee compensation due to an increase in headcount and general wage inflation, and an increase in data center and cloud costs associated with the increase in cloud revenue, partially offset by the recovery of a portion of previously written off prepaid license royalties. Our recurringhas higher gross margins ~~were 76%~~than our optional managed services and a decrease in ~~each of the nine months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021.~~recurring costs as noted above.

We expect our cost of recurring revenue to ~~continue to~~ increase on an absolute basis in future periods as we continue to invest in our cloud operations to support our growing cloud customer base and enhance the security of our solutions.

Cost of Nonrecurring Revenue

Cost of nonrecurring revenue primarily consists of employee compensation and related expenses, contractor costs, travel expenses relating to installation, training and consulting services, hardware material costs, and royalties due to third parties for

software components that are embedded in our on-premises software solutions. Cost of nonrecurring revenue also includes amortization of capitalized software development costs, employee compensation and related expenses associated with our global operations, facility costs, and other allocated overhead expenses.

Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Cost of nonrecurring revenue decreased approximately ~~$2.5~~$3.3 million, or 8%11%, from ~~$30.5~~$30.7 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~$28.0~~$27.4 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in employee compensation and related expenses due to a decrease in headcount supporting our nonrecurring revenue offerings and a decrease in third-party hardware delivered and related shipping and handling ~~costs, partially offset by an increase in contractor~~ costs. Our ~~overall~~ nonrecurring gross margins decreased from ~~54%~~46% in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~45%~~44% in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, primarily due to a ~~less favorable offering mix and nonrecurring~~decline in perpetual license revenue ~~decreasing at a faster rate than nonrecurring costs driven by the continued shift in spending by~~as our customers ~~towards~~shift to our ~~cloud~~cloud-based solutions.

~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to ~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~ 2022.Cost of nonrecurring revenue decreased approximately ~~$0.1~~$8.6 million, or 14%, from ~~$90.9~~$62.8 million in the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~$90.8~~$54.2 million in the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in employee compensation and related expenses due to a decrease in headcount supporting our nonrecurring revenue offerings ~~partially offset by~~and a decrease ~~in capitalized setup costs during the current period, an increase in contractor costs, and an increase~~ in third-party hardware delivered and related shipping and handling costs. Our ~~overall~~ nonrecurring gross margins ~~decreased from 50%~~were 45% in each of the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021 to 45% in the nine months ended October 31, 2022, primarily due to a less favorable offering mix~~2023 and ~~nonrecurring revenue decreasing at a faster rate than nonrecurring costs driven by the continued shift in spending by our customers towards our cloud solutions.~~2022.

Amortization of Acquired Technology

Amortization of acquired technology consists of the amortization of technology assets acquired in connection with business combinations.

Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Amortization of acquired technology decreased approximately ~~$1.1~~$1.7 million, or ~~25%~~45%, from ~~$4.7 million in the three months ended October 31, 2021 to~~ $3.6 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2022 to $1.9 million in the three months ended July 31, 2023. The decrease was attributable to acquired technology intangible assets from historical business combinations becoming fully amortized, partially offset by amortization expense of acquired technology intangible assets associated with recent business combinations.

~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to ~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~ 2022.Amortization of acquired technology decreased approximately ~~$2.9~~$3.3 million, or ~~21%~~46%, from ~~$13.6~~$7.2 million in the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~$10.7~~$3.9 million in the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023. The decrease was attributable to acquired technology intangible assets from historical business combinations becoming fully amortized, partially offset by amortization expense of acquired technology intangible assets associated with recent business combinations.

Further discussion regarding our business combinations appears in Note 5, “Business ~~Combinations”~~Combinations, Asset Acquisitions, and Divestitures” to our condensed consolidated financial statements included under Part I, Item 1 of this report.

Research and Development, Net

Research and development expenses, net (“R&D”) consist primarily of personnel and subcontracting expenses, facility costs, and other allocated overhead, net of certain software development costs that are ~~capitalized.~~capitalized and benefits derived from participation in government-sponsored programs in certain jurisdictions for the support of research and development activities conducted in those locations. Software development costs are capitalized upon the establishment of technological feasibility and continue to be capitalized through the general release of the related software product.

The following table sets forth research and development, net for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:


		Three Months Ended October 31,				% Change	Nine Months Ended October 31,				% Change		Three Months Ended July 31,				% Change	Six Months Ended July 31,				% Change
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	2022		2021		2022 - 2021	2022		2021		2022 - 2021	(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023 - 2022	2023		2022		2023 - 2022
Research and development, net	Research and development, net	$	32,941	$	31,029	6%	$	97,844	$	91,969	6%	Research and development, net	$	34,057	$	33,956	0%	$	65,839	$	64,903	1%

Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2022. R&D increased approximately ~~$1.9~~$0.1 million, ~~or 6%,~~ from ~~$31.0~~$34.0 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~$32.9~~$34.1 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023. This increase was primarily attributable to a $1.6 million increase in stock-based compensation expenses due to an increase in the grant date fair value of the underlying shares awarded annually and an increase in the number of grant participants, and a $0.7$1.3 million increase in employee compensation and related expenses primarily due ~~primarily~~ to increased investment in R&D headcount and $1.1 million of asset impairment charges related to a cloud-based IT infrastructure realignment project, partially offset by a ~~$0.5~~$1.2 million increase in benefits from participation in certain government-sponsored programs for the support of R&D activities and a $1.0 million decrease in ~~general overhead costs.~~stock-based compensation expense.

~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to ~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022.. R&D increased approximately ~~$5.8~~$0.9 million, or 6%1%, from ~~$92.0~~$64.9 million in the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~$97.8~~$65.8 million in the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023. This increase was primarily attributable to a $4.6 million increase in stock-based compensation expenses due to an increase in the grant date fair value of the underlying shares awarded annually and an increase in the number of grant participants, a $3.2$2.7 million increase in employee compensation and related expenses primarily due ~~primarily~~ to increased investment in R&D headcount and ~~an $0.8~~$1.1 million ~~increase in contractor costs,~~of asset impairment charges related to a cloud-based IT infrastructure realignment project, partially offset by a ~~$1.9~~$1.7 million increase in ~~capitalized software development costs~~benefits from participation in certain government-sponsored programs for the support of R&D activities and a ~~$1.4~~$1.0 million decrease in ~~general overhead costs.~~stock-based compensation expense.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) consist primarily of personnel costs and related expenses, professional fees, changes in the fair values of our obligations under contingent consideration arrangements, sales and marketing expenses, including travel costs, sales commissions and sales referral fees, facility costs, communication expenses, and other administrative expenses.

The following table sets forth selling, general and administrative expenses for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:


		Three Months Ended October 31,				% Change	Nine Months Ended October 31,				% Change		Three Months Ended July 31,				% Change	Six Months Ended July 31,		% Change
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	2022		2021		2022 - 2021	2022		2021		2022 - 2021	(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023 - 2022	2023	2022	2023 - 2022
Selling, general and administrative	Selling, general and administrative	$	93,757	$	89,778	4%	$	302,344	$	268,800	12%	Selling, general and administrative	$	108,374	$	105,705	3%	209,653	208,587	1%

Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2022. SG&A increased approximately ~~$4.0~~$2.7 million, or 4%3%, from ~~$89.8~~$105.7 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~$93.8~~$108.4 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023. This increase was primarily due to an ~~increase of $3.2 million in employee compensation and related expenses compared to the prior year due to an increase in headcount and general wage inflation, a $1.6~~$11.2 million increase in ~~stock-based compensation expense due~~IT costs and asset impairment charges related to ~~an increase in the grant date fair value of the underlying shares awarded annually~~a cloud-based IT infrastructure realignment project and ~~an increase in the number of grant participants,~~ a ~~$1.4~~$0.8 million increase in ~~travel and entertainment compared~~third-party software components in order to ~~the prior year during which we had implemented certain cost reduction measures due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and a $1.3 million increase in general overhead costs.~~support our hybrid work environment. These increases in SG&A were partially offset by a ~~decrease of $1.0~~$5.2 million ~~of accelerated facility costs and asset impairment charges due to the early termination or abandonment of certain office leases, a $0.9 million~~ decrease in facilities expenses and a $0.9 million decrease in depreciation expenses as a result of a reduced number of offices, and a $1.0 million increase in capitalized software development costs for internal use projects. SG&A was not materially impacted by changes in the fair value of our obligations under contingent consideration arrangements during the three months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021.

~~Nine Months Ended October 31, 2022 compared to Nine Months Ended October 31, 2021~~. SG&A increased approximately $33.5 million, or 12%, from $268.8 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2021 to $302.3 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2022. This increase was primarily due to an increase of $14.7 million in employee compensation and related expenses compared to the prior year due to an increase in headcount and general wage inflation, an $11.6 million increase of accelerated facility costs and asset impairment charges due to the early termination or abandonment of certain office leases, a $7.9 million increase in stock-based compensation expense primarily due to ~~an increase~~a decrease in the grant date fair value of ~~the underlying shares awarded annually~~equity awards and ~~an increase~~a shorter vesting schedule for prior period grants which became fully vested in the ~~number of grant participants, a $5.6 million increase in general overhead costs, a $4.1 million increase in travel and entertainment compared to the~~ prior year ~~during which we had implemented certain cost reduction measures due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a $3.4 million increase in marketing related expenses,~~ and the recognition of a $1.8 million impairment charge in the prior year recorded to adjust the carrying amount of an office building we own to its fair value less costs to sell upon classification ~~of the building~~ as held for sale. These increases in SG&A were partially offset by a $6.0 million decrease in facilities expenses and a $1.7 million decrease in depreciation expenses as a result of a reduced number of offices, a $5.3 million decrease in professional services expense primarily due to one-time nonrecurring costs incurred during the nine months ended October 31, 2021 in connection with prior acquisitions and the Spin-Off, and a $3.0 million increase in

~~capitalized software development costs for internal use projects.~~ SG&A was also impacted by a ~~$0.9~~$2.4 million decrease due to a change in the fair value of our obligations under contingent consideration arrangements ~~from a net charge of $0.7 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2021 to a net benefit of $0.2 million during the nine months ended October 31, 2022,~~ as a result of revised outlooks for achieving the performance targets under ~~several unrelated~~certain contingent consideration arrangements.

Six Months Ended July 31, 2023 compared to Six Months Ended July 31, 2022. SG&A increased approximately $1.1 million, or 1%, from $208.6 million in the six months ended July 31, 2022 to $209.7 million in the six months ended July 31, 2023. This increase was primarily due to a $12.5 million increase in IT costs and asset impairment charges related to a cloud-based IT

infrastructure realignment project, a $6.7 million increase in professional services expense primarily due to reaching settlement regarding certain legal matters discussed in Note 15, “Commitments and Contingencies” to our condensed consolidated financial statements included under Part I, Item 1 of this report, an increase of $2.1 million in employee compensation and related expenses due to an increase in headcount and general wage inflation, and a $1.8 million increase in third-party software components in order to support our hybrid work environment. These increases in SG&A were partially offset by a $7.8 million decrease in stock-based compensation expense primarily due to a decrease in the grant date fair value of equity awards and a shorter vesting schedule for prior period grants which became fully vested in the prior year, a $6.5 million decrease in accelerated facility costs and asset impairment charges due to the early termination or abandonment of certain office leases in the prior year, a $2.1 million decrease in facilities expenses and depreciation charges as a result of a reduced number of offices, the recognition of a $1.8 million impairment charge in the prior year recorded to adjust the carrying amount of an office building we own to its fair value less costs to sell upon classification as held for sale, and a $1.4 million decrease in marketing-related expenses. SG&A was also impacted by a $2.0 million decrease due to a change in the fair value of our obligations under contingent consideration arrangements as a result of revised outlooks for achieving the performance targets under certain contingent consideration arrangements.

Amortization of Other Acquired Intangible Assets

Amortization of other acquired intangible assets consists of the amortization of certain intangible assets acquired in connection with business combinations, including customer relationships, distribution networks, trade names, and non-compete agreements.

The following table sets forth the amortization of other acquired intangible assets for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:


		Three Months Ended October 31,				% Change	Nine Months Ended October 31,				% Change		Three Months Ended July 31,				% Change	Six Months Ended July 31,				% Change
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	2022		2021		2022 - 2021	2022		2021		2022 - 2021	(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023 - 2022	2023		2022		2023 - 2022
Amortization of other acquired intangible assets	Amortization of other acquired intangible assets	$	6,420	$	7,261	(12)%	$	19,887	$	21,934	(9)%	Amortization of other acquired intangible assets	$	6,370	$	6,623	(4)%	$	12,700	$	13,467	(6)%

Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Amortization of other acquired intangible assets decreased approximately ~~$0.9~~$0.2 million, or ~~12%~~4%, from ~~$7.3~~$6.6 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to $6.4 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023. The decrease was attributable to acquired customer-related intangible assets from historical business combinations becoming fully amortized, partially offset by amortization expense associated with acquired intangible assets from recent business combinations.

~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to ~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022.. Amortization of other acquired intangible assets decreased approximately ~~$2.0~~$0.8 million, or 9%6%, from ~~$21.9~~$13.5 million in the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~$19.9~~$12.7 million in the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023. The decrease was attributable to acquired customer-related intangible assets from historical business combinations becoming fully amortized, partially offset by amortization expense associated with acquired intangible assets from recent business combinations.

Other ~~Expense,~~(Expense) Income, Net

The following table sets forth total other ~~expense,~~(expense) income, net for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:

Three Months Ended
October 31, % Change Nine Months Ended
October 31, % Change
(in thousands) 2022 2021 2022 - 2021 2022 2021 2022 - 2021
Interest income $ 1,045 $ 101 * $ 1,742 $ 147 *
Interest expense (2,147) (1,502) 43% (5,511) (8,720) (37)%
Losses on early retirements of debt — — * — (2,474) (100)%
Other income (expense):
Foreign currency gains (losses), net 1,360 (687) * 3,620 (1,691) *
Losses on derivatives — — * — (14,374) (100)%
Fair value change of future tranche right — — * — 15,810 (100)%
Other, net (315) 270 * (434) 4,044 (111)%
Total other income (expense), net 1,045 (417) * 3,186 3,789 (16)%
Total other expense, net $ (57) $ (1,818) (97)% $ (583) $ (7,258) (92)%



	Three Months Ended July 31,				% Change	Six Months Ended July 31,				% Change
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023 - 2022	2023		2022		2023 - 2022
Interest income	$	1,808	$	498	*	$	3,790	$	697	*
Interest expense	(2,604)		(1,863)		40%	(5,385)		(3,364)		60%
Other income (expense):
Foreign currency (losses) gains, net	(64)		547		(112)%	173		2,260		(92)%
Other, net	40		(80)		(150)%	(173)		(119)		45%
Total other (expense) income, net	(24)		467		(105)%	—		2,141		(100)%
Total other expense, net	$	(820)	$	(898)	(9)%	$	(1,595)	$	(526)	*

* Percentage is not meaningful.

Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Total other expense, net, decreased by ~~$1.7~~$0.1 million from ~~$1.8~~$0.9 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~$0.1~~$0.8 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023.

Interest income increased from ~~$0.1~~$0.5 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~$1.0~~$1.8 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 due to higher interest rates on our investments in commercial paper and money market funds, which are included in cash and cash equivalents, as well as ~~higher investment balances.~~our bank time deposits, which are included in short-term investments.

Interest expense increased from ~~$1.5~~$1.9 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~$2.1~~$2.6 million in the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 primarily due to higher interest rates on our ~~Term Loan.~~

We recorded $1.4 million of net foreign currency gains in the three months ended October 31, 2022 compared to $0.7 million of net foreign currency losses in the three months ended October 31, 2021. Our foreign currency gains in the current period resulted primarily from fluctuations associated with the exchange rate movement of the U.S. dollar against the British pound sterling and the Israeli shekel.

~~We recorded $0.3 million of expense within other, net in the three months ended October 31, 2022 compared to $0.3 million of income within other, net in the three months ended October 31, 2021.~~

~~Nine Months Ended October 31, 2022 compared to Nine Months Ended October 31, 2021. Total other expense, net, decreased by $6.7 million from $7.3 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2021 to $0.6 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2022.~~

Interest income increased from $0.1 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2021 to $1.7 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2022 due to higher interest rates as well as higher investment balances.

Interest expense decreased from $8.7 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2021 to $5.5 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2022 primarily due to lower outstanding borrowings due to our 2014 Notes maturing on June 1, 2021 and the partial prepayment of our Term Loan in conjunction with the issuance of the 2021 Notes during the three months ended April 30, 2021.borrowings. Further discussion regarding our ~~2014 Notes, Term Loan, and 2021 Notes~~borrowings appears ~~in Note 7, “Long-term Debt” to our condensed consolidated financial statements included under Part I, Item 1 of this report.~~

During the nine months ended October 31, 2021, we recorded $2.5 million of losses on early retirements of debt, $2.0 million of which was a result of repaying $309.0 million of our Term Loan. In April 2021, we also amended the 2017 Credit Agreement and refinanced our 2017 Revolving Credit Facility, which otherwise would have matured on June 29, 2022, resulting in the write off of $0.5 million of unamortized deferred debt issuance costs related to certain lenders who will no longer provide commitments under the 2021 Revolving Credit Facility. Further discussion regarding our 2017 Credit Agreement, Term Loan and 2021 Revolving Credit Facility appear in Note 7, “Long-term Debt” to our condensed consolidated financial statements included under Part I, Item 1 of this report.

We recorded ~~$3.6~~$0.1 million of net foreign currency losses in the three months ended July 31, 2023 compared to $0.5 million of net foreign currency gains in the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2022. Our foreign currency losses in the current period resulted primarily from fluctuations associated with the exchange rate movement of the U.S. dollar against the British pound sterling.

Six Months Ended July 31, 2023 compared to Six Months Ended July 31, 2022. Total other expense, net, increased by $1.1 million from $0.5 million in the six months ended July 31, 2022 ~~compared~~ to ~~$1.7~~$1.6 million in the six months ended July 31, 2023.

Interest income increased from $0.7 million in the six months ended July 31, 2022 to $3.8 million in the six months ended July 31, 2023 due to higher interest rates on our investments in commercial paper and money market funds, which are included in cash and cash equivalents, as well as our bank time deposits, which are included in short-term investments.

Interest expense increased from $3.4 million in the six months ended July 31, 2022 to $5.4 million in the six months ended July 31, 2023 primarily due to higher interest rates on our borrowings. Additionally, we recorded $0.2 million of losses on early retirement of debt as a result of repaying the remaining $100.0 million outstanding balance on our Term Loan utilizing proceeds from borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility. Further discussion regarding our Term Loan and Revolving Credit Facility appears under “Financing Arrangements” below and in Note 7, “Long-term Debt” to our condensed consolidated financial statements included under Part I, Item 1 of this report.

We recorded $0.2 million of net foreign currency ~~losses~~gains in the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2023 compared to $2.3 million of net foreign currency gains in the six months ended July 31, 2022. Our foreign currency gains in the current period resulted primarily from fluctuations associated with the exchange rate movement of the U.S. dollar against the ~~British pound sterling~~Israeli shekel and the ~~Israeli shekel.~~Brazilian real.

During the nine months ended October 31, 2021, we recorded a $14.4 million loss on our interest rate swap as a result of the partial early retirement of our Term Loan, with no comparable transaction in the current period.

We recorded a non-cash Future Tranche Right revaluation gain of $15.8 million in the nine months ended October 31, 2021 related to the final mark-to-market adjustment of the Future Tranche Right (right of the Apax Investor to purchase Series B Preferred Stock at a future date), issued in connection with the closing of the Series A Preferred Stock issuance on May 7, 2020. In April 2021, upon the issuance of the Series B Preferred Stock, the Future Tranche Right liability was reclassified to Series B Preferred Stock and no further fair value changes have been recorded. Please refer to Note 9, “Convertible Preferred Stock” to our condensed consolidated financial statements included under Part I, Item 1 of this report for additional information regarding the Future Tranche Right.

Other expense, net for the nine months ended October 31, 2021 also included an unrealized gain of $3.1 million, which adjusted the carrying value of a noncontrolling equity investment based on an observable transaction. There were no observable price changes in our investments in privately-held companies during the nine months ended October 31, 2022.

Provision for Income Taxes

The following table sets forth our provision for income taxes for the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:


		Three Months Ended October 31,				% Change	Nine Months Ended October 31,				% Change		Three Months Ended July 31,				% Change	Six Months Ended July 31,				% Change
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	2022		2021		2022 - 2021	2022		2021		2022 - 2021	(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023 - 2022	2023		2022		2023 - 2022
Provision for income taxes	Provision for income taxes	$	17,395	$	9,349	86%	$	20,539	$	13,478	52%	Provision for income taxes	$	(2,544)	$	2,848	(189)%	$	1,819	$	3,144	(42)%

Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Our effective income tax rate was ~~80.5%~~30.5% for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, compared to an effective income tax rate of ~~40.9%~~465.4% for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2022.

For the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2023, the effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the U.S. taxation of certain foreign activities, offset by lower statutory rates in certain foreign jurisdictions. The result was an income tax benefit of $2.5 million on a pretax loss of $8.3 million, which represented an effective income tax rate of 30.5%.

For the three months ended July 31, 2022, the income tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to a discrete income tax provision of $2.1 million attributable to the recording of a valuation allowance against a deferred tax asset related to an asset held for sale in a foreign jurisdiction and U.S. taxation of certain foreign activities, offset by lower statutory rates in certain foreign jurisdictions. The result was an income tax provision of $2.8 million on pretax income of $0.6 million, which represented an effective income tax rate of 465.4%. Excluding the discrete income tax provision attributable to the foreign jurisdiction valuation allowance, the result was an income tax provision of $0.7 million on pre-tax income of $0.6 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 124.8%.

Six Months Ended July 31, 2023 compared to Six Months Ended July 31, 2022. Our effective income tax rate was negative 543.0% for the six months ended July 31, 2023, compared to an effective income tax rate of 212.1% for the six months ended July 31, 2022.

For the six months ended July 31, 2023, the effective tax rate varies significantly from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% due to the impact of recurring discrete income tax adjustments against the near break-even pretax loss. In addition, the effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the U.S. taxation of certain foreign activities, offset by lower statutory rates in certain foreign jurisdictions. The result was an income tax provision of ~~$17.4~~$1.8 million on a pretax ~~income~~loss of ~~$21.6~~$0.3 million, which represented ana negative effective income tax rate of ~~80.5%~~543.0%.

For the ~~three~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the income tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to ~~the U.S. taxation of certain foreign activities, partially offset by lower statutory rates in certain foreign jurisdictions. The result was an~~a discrete income tax provision of ~~$9.3~~$2.1 million ~~on pretax income of $22.9 million, which represented an effective income tax rate of 40.9%.~~

~~Nine Months Ended October 31, 2022 compared~~attributable to ~~Nine Months Ended October 31, 2021.~~ ~~Our effective income tax rate was 88.9% for the nine months ended October 31, 2022, compared to an effective income tax rate of 40.4% for the nine months ended October 31, 2021.~~

~~For the nine months ended October 31, 2022, the effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the U.S. taxation of certain foreign activities and~~ the recording of a valuation allowance against a deferred tax asset related to an asset held for sale in a foreign jurisdiction ~~partially~~and U.S. taxation of certain foreign activities, offset by lower statutory rates in certain foreign jurisdictions. The result was an income tax provision of ~~$20.5~~$3.1 million on pretax income of ~~$23.1~~$1.5 million, which represented an effective income tax rate of ~~88.9%~~212.1%. Excluding the discrete income tax provision attributable to the foreign jurisdiction valuation allowance, the result was an income tax provision of ~~$18.5~~$1.0 million on pre-tax income of ~~$23.1~~$1.5 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of ~~79.9%~~71.5%.

~~For~~The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (“OECD”) Pillar 2 guidelines address the ~~nine months ended October 31, 2021,~~increasing digitalization of the global economy, re-allocating taxing rights among countries. The European Union and many other member states have committed to adopting Pillar 2 which calls for a global minimum tax of 15% to be effective for tax years beginning in 2024. The OECD guidelines published to date include transition and safe harbor rules around the implementation of the Pillar 2 global minimum tax. We are monitoring developments and evaluating the impacts these new rules will have on our tax rate, ~~differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due~~including eligibility to the U.S. taxation of certain foreign activities and the impact of a tax rate change in a foreign jurisdiction, offset by a change in the fair value of the Future Tranche Right associated with the Preferred Stock issuance and by lower statutory rates in certain foreign jurisdictions. The result was an income tax provision of $13.5 million on pretax income of $33.4 million, which represented an effective income tax rate of 40.4%.qualify for these safe harbor rules.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

Our primary recurring source of cash is the collection of proceeds from the sale of products and services to our customers, including cash periodically collected in advance of delivery or performance.

On December 4, 2019, we announced that ~~the~~an affiliate (the “Apax Investor”) of Apax ~~Investor~~Partners (“Apax”) would make an investment in us in an amount of up to $400.0 million. Under the terms of the Investment Agreement, dated as of December 4, 2019 (the “Investment Agreement”), on May 7, 2020, the Apax Investor purchased $200.0 million of our Series A convertible preferred stock (“Series A Preferred ~~Stock~~Stock”) with an initial conversion price of $53.50 per share. In accordance with the Investment Agreement, the Series A Preferred Stock did not participate in the Spin-Off distribution of the Cognyte shares ~~described above~~ and the Series A Preferred Stock conversion price was instead adjusted to $36.38 per share based on the ratio of the relative trading prices of Verint and Cognyte following the Spin-Off. In connection with the completion of the Spin-Off, on April 6, 2021, the Apax Investor purchased $200.0 million of our Series B convertible preferred stock (“Series B Preferred ~~Stock.~~Stock”). The Series B Preferred Stock is convertible at a conversion price of $50.25, based in part on our trading price over the 20 trading day period following the Spin-Off. As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, Apax’s ownership in us on an as-converted basis was approximately ~~12.8%~~12.9%.

5243

Each series of Preferred Stock pays dividends at an annual rate of 5.2% until ~~the 48-month anniversary of the closing of the Series A Preferred Stock investment,~~May 7, 2024, and thereafter at a rate of 4.0%, subject to adjustment under certain circumstances. Dividends will be cumulative and payable semiannually in arrears in cash. All dividends that are not paid in cash will remain accumulated dividends with respect to each share of Preferred Stock. We used the proceeds from the Apax investment to repay outstanding indebtedness, to fund a portion of our stock repurchase programs (as described below under “Liquidity and Capital Resources Requirements”), and/or for general corporate purposes. Please refer to Note 9, “Convertible Preferred Stock”, to our condensed consolidated financial statements included under Part I, Item 1 of this report for more information regarding the Apax convertible preferred stock investment.

Our primary recurring use of cash is payment of our operating costs, which consist primarily of employee-related expenses, such as compensation and benefits, as well as general operating expenses for cloud operations, marketing, facilities and overhead costs, and capital expenditures. We also utilize cash for debt service, stock repurchases, dividends on the Preferred Stock, and business acquisitions. Cash generated from operations, along with our existing cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments, are our primary sources of operating liquidity.

On May 28, 2021, prior to the June 1, 2021 maturity date of our 1.5% convertible senior notes (the “2014 Notes”), we paid an aggregate of $389.8 million in cash for the settlement of the 2014 Notes. Further discussion of the settlement of our 2014 Notes appears below under “Financing Arrangements”.

We have historically expanded our business in part by investing in strategic growth initiatives, including acquisitions of products, technologies, and businesses. We may finance such acquisitions using cash, debt, stock, or a combination of the foregoing, however, we have used cash as consideration for substantially all of our historical business acquisitions, including approximately ~~$57.0~~$21.9 million of net cash expended for business ~~acquisitions~~combinations during the year ended January 31, ~~2022. During~~2023. There were no business combinations during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023 or 2022. In July 2023, we ~~completed~~entered into an agreement to acquire source code that qualifies as an asset acquisition and made an initial deposit payment of $1.0 million upon the execution of the contract and incurred direct transaction costs related to such asset acquisition of ~~a conversational AI company. This transaction was not material to our condensed consolidated financial statements.~~$0.2 million. Please refer to Note 5, “Business ~~Combinations”~~Combinations, Asset Acquisitions, and Divestitures”, to our condensed consolidated financial statements included under Part I, Item 1 of this report for more information regarding our recent business ~~combinations.~~combinations and asset acquisitions.

We continually examine our options with respect to terms and sources of existing and future short-term and long-term capital resources to enhance our operating results and to ensure that we retain financial flexibility, and may from time to time elect to raise capital through the issuance of additional equity or the incurrence of additional debt. On April 9, 2021, we issued $315.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 0.25% convertible senior notes due April 15, 2026, unless earlier converted by the holders pursuant to their terms (the “2021 Notes”). We used a portion of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2021 Notes to pay the costs of the capped call transactions described below. We also used a portion of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2021 Notes, together with the net proceeds from the issuance of the Series B Preferred Stock mentioned above, to repay a portion of the outstanding indebtedness under our Credit Agreement, to terminate an interest rate swap agreement, and to repurchase shares of our common stock. The remainder is being used for working capital and other general corporate purposes.

A portion of our operating income is earned outside the United States. Cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, and restricted cash, restricted cash equivalents, and restricted bank time deposits (excluding any long-term portions) held by our subsidiaries outside of the United States were ~~$118.5~~$132.0 million and ~~$140.2~~$126.0 million as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and January 31, ~~2022,~~2023, respectively, and are generally used to fund the subsidiaries’ operating requirements and to invest in growth initiatives, including business acquisitions. These subsidiaries also held long-term restricted cash and cash equivalents, and restricted bank time deposits of $0.2 million, ~~and $0.4 million,~~ at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and January 31, ~~2022, respectively.~~2023.

We currently intend to continue to indefinitely reinvest a portion of the earnings of our foreign subsidiaries, which, as a result of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, may now be repatriated without incurring additional U.S. federal income taxes.

Should other circumstances arise whereby we require more capital in the United States than is generated by our domestic operations, or should we otherwise consider it in our best interests, we could repatriate future earnings from foreign jurisdictions, which could result in higher effective tax rates. As noted above, we currently intend to indefinitely reinvest a portion of the earnings of our foreign subsidiaries to finance foreign activities. Except to the extent that earnings of our foreign subsidiaries have been subject to U.S. taxation as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, we have not provided tax on the outside basis difference of foreign subsidiaries nor have we provided for any additional withholding or other tax that may be applicable should a future distribution be made from any unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries. Due to complexities in the laws of the foreign jurisdictions and the assumptions that would have to be made, it is not practicable to estimate the total amount of income and withholding taxes that would have to be provided on such earnings.

The following table summarizes our total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, cash equivalents, and bank time deposits, and short-term investments, as well as our total debt, as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and January 31, ~~2022:~~2023:

October 31, January 31,
(in thousands) 2022 2022
Cash and cash equivalents $ 252,073 $ 358,805
Restricted cash and cash equivalents, and restricted bank time deposits (excluding long term portions) 290 6
Short-term investments 10,651 765
Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, restricted bank time deposits, and short-term investments $ 263,014 $ 359,576
Total debt, including current portions $ 408,361 $ 406,954


	July 31,		January 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2023
Cash and cash equivalents	$	231,296	$	282,099
Restricted cash and cash equivalents, and restricted bank time deposits (excluding long term portions)	5		300
Short-term investments	1,452		697
Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, restricted bank time deposits, and short-term investments	$	232,753	$	283,096
Total debt, including current portions	$	409,958	$	408,908

Capital Allocation Framework

As noted above, after cash utilization required for working capital, capital expenditures, required debt service, and dividends on the Preferred Stock, we expect that our primary usage of cash will be for business combinations, repayment of outstanding indebtedness, and/or stock repurchases under repurchase programs that may be in place from time to time (subject to the terms of our Credit Agreement). Please see the “Liquidity and Capital Resources Requirements” section below for further information about our recent stock repurchase programs.

Condensed Consolidated Cash Flow Activity

The following table summarizes selected items from our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:


		Nine Months Ended October 31,					Six Months Ended July 31,
(in thousands)	(in thousands)	2022		2021		(in thousands)	2023		2022
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations		$	68,611	$	70,249
Net cash provided by operating activities						Net cash provided by operating activities	$	63,332	$	46,680
Net cash used in investing activities	Net cash used in investing activities	(37,476)		(29,140)		Net cash used in investing activities	(15,821)		(13,954)
Net cash used in financing activities	Net cash used in financing activities	(134,341)		(424,248)		Net cash used in financing activities	(99,570)		(132,437)
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(3,510)		(29)		Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	1,257		(2,575)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents from discontinued operations		—		(9,055)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents	Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents	$	(106,716)	$	(392,223)	Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents	$	(50,802)	$	(102,286)

Our financing activities used ~~$134.3~~$99.6 million of net cash and our investing activities used ~~$37.5~~$15.8 million of net cash during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, which was partially offset by ~~$68.6~~$63.3 million of cash generated from operating activities. Further discussion of these items appears below.

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities ~~from Continuing Operations~~

Net cash provided by operating activities is driven primarily by our net income or loss, as adjusted for non-cash items and working capital changes. Operating activities ~~from continuing operations~~ generated ~~$68.6~~$63.3 million of net cash during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, compared to ~~$70.2~~$46.7 million generated during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Our operating cash flow in the current period ~~decreased slightly~~increased primarily due to lower ~~net income adjusted for non-cash charges,~~operating lease payments as a ~~less~~result of the early termination of several leased offices in the prior year, a partial insurance reimbursement related to certain legal matters that we agreed to settle, with payment from us to the other party occurring in August 2023, and a favorable impact on operating cash flow from changes in operating assets and liabilities compared to the prior period, ~~and $6.4 million of higher operating lease payments as a result of the early termination of several leased offices,~~ partially offset by ~~$30.5 million of lower~~higher combined interest and net income tax ~~payments, with the higher income tax payments in the prior period being related to the Spin-Off.~~payments.

Our cash flow from operating activities can fluctuate from period to period due to several factors, including the timing of our billings and collections, the timing and amounts of interest, income tax and other payments, and our operating results.

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

During the six months ended July 31, 2023, our investing activities used $15.8 million of net cash, consisting primarily of $12.9 million of payments for property, equipment and capitalized software development, a $1.6 million investment in a privately-held company, $0.9 million of net cash utilized for business combinations and asset acquisitions, and $0.8 million of net purchases of short-term investments, partially offset by a $0.3 million decrease in restricted bank time deposits during the period.

During the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2022, our investing activities used ~~$37.5~~$14.0 million of net cash, ~~including $23.6 million~~consisting primarily of payments for property, equipment and capitalized software development ~~costs, $9.9 million of net purchases of short-term investments, and $3.8 million of net cash utilized for business combinations.~~

During the nine months ended October 31, 2021, our investing activities used $29.1 million of net cash, including $57.2 million of net cash utilized for business combinations and $17.5 million of payments for property, equipment and capitalized software development costs, partially offset by $45.6 million of net sales and maturities of short-term investments.costs.

We had no significant commitments for capital expenditures at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023.

Net Cash Used in Financing Activities

For the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, our financing activities used ~~$134.3~~$99.6 million of net cash, primarily due to ~~$106.1~~$100.0 million of repayments of borrowing under our Term Loan, $74.3 million of payments to repurchase common stock, $20.8 million of payments of Preferred Stock dividends, $2.6 million for the financing portion of payments under contingent consideration arrangements related to prior business combinations, $1.0 million of finance lease payments, a $0.5 million distribution to a noncontrolling shareholder of one of our subsidiaries and $0.2 million paid for debt-related issuance fees, partially offset by $100.0 million of proceeds from borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility.

For the six months ended July 31, 2022, our financing activities used $132.4 million of net cash, primarily due to $105.7 million of payments to repurchase common stock, $20.8 million of payments of Preferred Stock dividends, $3.7 million for the financing portion of payments under contingent consideration arrangements related to prior business combinations, ~~$3.0~~$1.6 million of finance lease payments, ~~and other financing obligations,~~ a ~~$0.6~~$0.5 million distribution to a noncontrolling shareholder of one of our subsidiaries, and $0.2 million paid for debt-related issuance fees.

For the nine months ended October 31, 2021, our financing activities used $424.2 million of net cash, primarily due to $386.9 million of payments to settle our 2014 Notes, $310.1 million of repayments of borrowings under our Term Loan, $114.7 million of net cash transferred to Cognyte upon the completion of the Spin-Off, $75.9 million of payments to repurchase common stock, $41.1 million of payments to purchase the capped calls in connection with the issuance of our 2021 Notes, $16.5 million paid to terminate our interest rate swap, $12.9 million of payments of Preferred Stock dividends, $10.7 million paid for debt-related issuance fees, $4.5 million for the financing portion of payments under contingent consideration arrangements related to prior business combinations, $2.3 million of finance lease payments, and a $0.6 million distribution to a noncontrolling shareholder of one of our subsidiaries, partially offset by $315.0 million of net proceeds from the issuance of our 2021 Notes, $198.7 million of net proceeds from the issuance of preferred stock, and $38.3 million of a dividend and other settlements received from Cognyte in connection with the Spin-Off during the period.

Liquidity and Capital Resources Requirements

Based on past performance and current expectations, we believe that our cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to meet anticipated operating costs, required payments of principal and interest, dividends on Preferred Stock, working capital needs, ordinary course capital expenditures, research and development spending, and other commitments for at least the next 12 ~~months.~~months from the issuance of our consolidated financial statements. Currently, we have no plans to pay any cash dividends on our common stock, which are subject to certain restrictions under our Credit Agreement.

Our liquidity could be negatively impacted by a decrease in demand for our products and services, including the impact of changes in customer buying behavior due to circumstances over which we have no control, including, but not limited to, the effects of ~~the COVID-19 pandemic~~general economic conditions or ~~other macroeconomic factors.~~geopolitical developments. If we determine to make additional business acquisitions or otherwise require additional funds, we may need to raise additional capital, which could involve the issuance of additional equity or debt securities or an increase in our borrowings under our credit facility.

~~On March 31, 2021, we announced that our board~~Repurchases of ~~directors had authorized a stock repurchase program whereby we were authorized t~~o repurchase up to a number of shares of common stock approximately equal to the number of shares to be issued as equity compensation during the fiscal year ending January 31, 2022. During the year ended January 31, 2022, we acquired approximately 1,600,000 shares of our common stock at a cost of $75.4 million under this program, and this program expired on January 31, 2022.Common Stock

On December 2, 2021, we announced that our board of directors had authorized a stock repurchase program for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2023 whereby we may repurchase up to 1,500,000 shares of common stock to offset dilution from our equity compensation program for such fiscal year. To further offset such dilution as well as other dilutive transactions, on March 22, 2022, our board of directors authorized an additional 500,000 shares of common stock to be repurchased under this program. During the nine months ended October 31, 2022, we acquired 2,000,000 shares of our common stock at a cost of $105.7 million under this program. Repurchases were funded with available cash in the United States and no further repurchases are expected under this program for the year ending January 31, 2023.

During the year ended January 31, 2023, we repurchased approximately 649,000 shares of ~~this report~~our common stock for ~~more information regarding this~~a cost of $23.5 million under the current stock repurchase program.During the six months ended July 31, 2023, we repurchased approximately 1,996,000 shares of our common stock at a cost of $74.1 million, including excise tax of $0.4 million, under this program. Our share repurchases in excess of issuances are subject to a 1% excise tax enacted by the IRA. The excise tax of $0.4 million was recognized as part of the cost basis of shares acquired in the condensed consolidated statements of stockholders' equity during the six months ended July 31, 2023. Repurchases were funded with available cash in the United States.

Financing Arrangements

2021 Notes

On April 9, 2021, we issued $315.0 million in aggregate principal amount of our 2021 Notes, unless earlier converted by the holders pursuant to their terms. The 2021 Notes are unsecured and pay interest in cash semiannually in arrears at a rate of 0.25% per annum.

We used a portion of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2021 Notes to pay the costs of the ~~capped call transactions~~Capped Calls described below. We also used a portion of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2021 Notes, together with the net proceeds from the

April 6, 2021 issuance of $200.0 million of Series B Preferred Stock, to repay a portion of the outstanding indebtedness under our Credit Agreement described below, to terminate an interest rate swap agreement, and to repurchase shares of our common stock. The remainder is being used for working capital and other general corporate purposes.

Based on the closing market price of our common stock on ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the if-converted value of the 2021 Notes was less than their aggregate principal amount.

Capped Calls

In connection with the issuance of the 2021 Notes, on April 6, 2021 and April 8, 2021, we entered into capped call transactions (the “Capped Calls”) with certain counterparties. The Capped Calls are intended generally to reduce the potential dilution to our common stock upon any conversion of the 2021 Notes and/or offset any cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount of converted 2021 Notes, in the event that at the time of conversion our common stock price exceeds the conversion price, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap.

The Capped Calls exercise price is equal to the $62.08 initial conversion price of each of the 2021 Notes, and the cap price is $100.00, each subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the Capped Calls. The Capped Calls have the economic effect of increasing the conversion price of the 2021 Notes from $62.08 per share to $100.00 per share. Our exercise rights under the Capped Calls generally trigger upon conversion of the 2021 Notes, and the Capped Calls terminate upon maturity of the 2021 Notes, or the first day the 2021 Notes are no longer outstanding. As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, no Capped Calls have been exercised.

Pursuant to their terms, the Capped Calls qualify for classification within stockholders’ equity, and their fair value is not remeasured and adjusted, as long as they continue to qualify for stockholders’ equity classification. We paid approximately $41.1 million for the Capped Calls, including applicable transaction costs, which was recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital.

~~2014 Notes~~Credit Agreement

On June 18, 2014, we issued $400.0 million in aggregate principal amount of our 2014 Notes. Net proceeds from the 2014 Notes after underwriting discounts were $391.9 million. The 2014 Notes paid interest in cash semiannually in arrears at a rate of 1.50% per annum.

The 2014 Notes were issued concurrently with our public issuance of 5,750,000 shares of common stock, the majority of the combined net proceeds of which were used to partially repay certain indebtedness under a prior credit agreement.

On May 28, 2021, prior to the maturity of the 2014 Notes on June 1, 2021, we paid an aggregate of $389.8 million in cash for the settlement of the 2014 Notes, which included $386.9 million in satisfaction of the outstanding principal of the 2014 Notes and $2.9 million related to the final interest payment on the 2014 Notes. We funded the repayment of the outstanding principal amount of the 2014 Notes and accrued interest thereon using the $390.0 million of cash we had placed in escrow on February 26, 2021 to cash collateralize the 2014 Notes. Additionally, the 2014 Notes had an incremental conversion value of $57.7 million, as the market value per share of our common stock, as measured under the terms of the 2014 Notes, was greater than the conversion price of the 2014 Notes. We issued approximately 1,250,000 shares of common stock to the holders of the 2014 Notes as payment of the conversion premium from treasury stock.

~~Note Hedges and Warrants~~

Concurrently with the issuance of the 2014 Notes, we entered into convertible note hedge transactions (the “Note Hedges”) and sold warrants (the “Warrants”). Prior to the Spin-Off, the combination of the Note Hedges and the Warrants served to increase the effective initial conversion price for the 2014 Notes to $75.00 per share. Subsequent to the Spin-Off, as a result of the conversion rate adjustments, the Note Hedges and the Warrants served to increase the effective conversion price for the 2014 Notes to $47.18 per share. The Note Hedges and Warrants were each separate instruments from the 2014 Notes.

~~Note Hedges~~

Pursuant to the Note Hedges, we purchased call options on our common stock, under which we had the right to acquire from the counterparties up to approximately 6,205,000 shares of our common stock, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, at a price of $64.46, which equaled the initial conversion price of the 2014 Notes. As a result of the Spin-Off, on February 1, 2021, the call options on our stock were adjusted to allow us to purchase up to 9,865,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $40.55, which was equal to the adjusted conversion price of the 2014 Notes. We were permitted to settle the Note Hedges in cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination thereof, at our option, and they were intended to reduce our exposure to potential dilution upon conversion of the 2014 Notes. We paid $60.8 million for the Note Hedges, which was recorded as a charge to additional paid-in capital. Our exercise rights under the Note Hedges were automatically triggered upon conversion of any 2014 Notes and the Note Hedges otherwise terminated upon maturity of the 2014 Notes, on June 1, 2021. In connection with the maturity of the 2014 Notes on June 1, 2021, we received approximately 1,250,000 shares of our common stock from the counterparties under the Note Hedges, which offset the dilution resulting from the settlement of the conversion premium on the 2014 Notes as the market value per share of our common stock, as measured under the terms of the Note Hedges, was greater than the strike price of the Note Hedges.

During the year ended January 31, 2021, we repurchased $13.1 million principal amount of our 2014 Notes (the “Repurchased 2014 Notes”) in open market transactions for an aggregate of $13.0 million in cash. The Repurchased 2014 Notes did not change the number of common shares subject to the Note Hedges as the counterparties agreed that the options under the Note Hedges remained outstanding notwithstanding such repurchase. Upon maturity of the 2014 Notes, we received approximately 42,000 shares of our common stock from the counterparties to the Note Hedges as reimbursement for the in-the-money portion of the Repurchased 2014 Notes.

~~Warrants~~

We sold the Warrants to several counterparties. The Warrants initially provided the counterparties rights to acquire from us up to approximately 6,205,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $75.00 per share. As a result of the Spin-Off, the terms of the Warrants provided the counterparties rights to acquire from us up to approximately 9,865,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $47.18 per share. Proceeds from the sale of the Warrants were $45.2 million and were recorded as additional paid-in capital. The Warrants expired incrementally on a series of expiration dates between August 30, 2021 and January 21, 2022. At each expiration date the Warrants were exercised when the market price per share of our common stock exceeded the strike price of the Warrants, and we issued an aggregate of 293,143 shares of our common stock as part of the cashless exercise of approximately 5,031,000 Warrants. The Warrants had a dilutive effect on net income per share to the extent that the average market value of our common stock exceeded the strike price of the Warrants. All outstanding Warrants were exercised or expired as of January 31, 2022.

~~Credit Agreement~~

The Credit Agreement currently provides for $725.0 million of senior secured credit facilities, comprised of a $425.0 million term loan ~~maturing~~originally set to mature on June 29, 2024 (the “Term Loan”), ~~of which $100.0 million was outstanding at October 31, 2022 and January 31, 2022,~~ and a $300.0 million revolving credit facility maturing on April 9, 2026 (the “Revolving Credit Facility”)~~, none of which was drawn as of October 31, 2022 and January 31, 2022.~~. The Revolving Credit Facility replaced our prior $300.0 million revolving credit facility (the “Prior Revolving Credit Facility”), and is subject to increase and reduction from time to time according to the terms of the Credit Agreement.

On April 27, 2023, we repaid the remaining $100.0 million outstanding principal balance on our Term Loan in full utilizing proceeds from our Revolving Credit Facility, along with $0.5 million of accrued interest thereon. As a result, $0.2 million of deferred debt issuance costs associated with the Term Loan were written off and are included within interest expense on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended July 31, 2023.

Interest rates on loans under the Credit Agreement are periodically reset, at our option, originally at either a Eurodollar Rate (which was derived from LIBOR) or an ABR Rate (each as defined in the Credit Agreement), plus in each case a margin.

~~During the three months ended April 30, 2021, in addition to our regular quarterly $1.1 million principal payment,~~On May 10, 2023, we repaid $309.0 million of our Term Loan, reducing the outstanding balance to $100.0 million. As a result, $1.8 million of deferred debt issuance costs and $0.2 million of unamortized discount associated with the Term Loan were written off, and are included within losses on early retirements of debt on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended October 31, 2021.

plus the applicable margin therefor. The applicable margin in each case is determined based on our Leverage Ratio (as defined below) and ~~our 2014 Notes would not be deemed~~ranges from 0.25% to ~~be outstanding~~1.25% for ~~purposes of~~borrowings bearing interest at the ~~determination of~~alternate base rate and from 1.25% to 2.25% for borrowings bearing interest based on Adjusted Term SOFR.

Borrowings under the maturity dates of the Term Loan and the Prior Revolving Credit Facility discussed above if such 2014 Notes were cash collateralized in accordance with the Credit Agreement. On February 26, 2021, as noted above, we cash collateralized the 2014 Notes in satisfaction of the cash collateralization provisions of the 2020 Amendment. Accordingly, the maturity dates of the Term Loan and Prior Revolving Credit Facility were not accelerated to March 1, 2021. In connection with, the maturity of the 2014 Notes, we used the escrowed cash to settle the principal amount, including the final interest payment, and the incremental conversion value of $57.7$100.0 million ~~was settled with approximately 1,250,000 shares of~~at July 31, 2023, which is included in long-term debt on our ~~common stock.~~

On April 9, 2021, we amended the Credit Agreement (the “2021 Amendment”), pursuant to which we refinanced the Prior Revolving Credit Facility, which would otherwise have matured on June 29, 2022, with the $300.0 million Revolving Credit Facility maturing on April 9, 2026.

As of October 31, 2022, the interest rate on the Term Loan was 5.13%. Taking into account the impact of the original issuance discount and related deferred debt issuance costs, the effective interest rate on the Term Loan was approximately 5.34% at October 31, 2022. As of January 31, 2022, the interest rate on the Term Loan was 2.10%.

condensed consolidated balance sheet. For borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, the margin is determined by reference to our Consolidated Total Debt to Consolidated EBITDA (each as defined in the Credit Agreement) leverage ratio (the ~~"Leverage Ratio"~~“Leverage Ratio”). As of July 31, 2023, the interest rate on our revolving credit facility borrowings was 6.93%. In addition, ~~under the Revolving Credit Facility, and previously under the Prior Revolving Credit Facility,~~ we are required to pay a commitment fee with respect to unused availability at rates per annum determined by reference to our Leverage Ratio. The proceeds of borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility were used to repay the outstanding balance of the Term Loan.

The Credit Agreement contains certain customary affirmative and negative covenants for credit facilities of this type. The Credit Agreement also contains a financial covenant that, solely with respect to the Revolving Credit Facility, requires us to maintain a Leverage Ratio of no greater than 4.5 to 1. At ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, our Leverage Ratio was approximately ~~1.2~~1.1 to 1. The limitations imposed by the covenants are subject to certain exceptions as detailed in the Credit Agreement.

~~Optional prepayments of loans under the Credit Agreement are generally permitted without premium or penalty.~~ Our obligations under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed by each of our direct and indirect existing and future material domestic wholly owned restricted subsidiaries and are secured by a security interest in substantially all of our assets and the assets of the guarantor subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions.

~~Interest Rate Swap~~

On April 13, 2021, we paid $16.5 million to settle our existing interest rate swap prior to its June 2024 maturity. Upon settlement, we recorded an unrealized gain of $1.3 million in other income (expense), net to adjust the swap to its fair value at

settlement date and reclassified the remaining $15.7 million of pretax accumulated deferred losses from accumulated other comprehensive loss within stockholders’ equity to other income (expense), net on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended October 31, 2021. The associated $3.7 million deferred tax asset was reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss and netted against income taxes receivable during the year ended January 31, 2022.

Please refer to Note 13, “Derivative Financial Instruments”, to our condensed consolidated financial statements included under Part I, Item 1 of this report for more information regarding the termination of our interest rate swap.

Contractual Obligations

Our principal commitments primarily consist of long-term debt, dividends on Preferred Stock, leases for office space and open non-cancellable purchase orders. As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, we believe there have been no material changes to our contractual obligations from those disclosed in Part II, Item 7. — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, ~~2022.~~2023. For additional information regarding our leases, long-term debt and our commitments and contingencies, see Note 17, “Leases”, in the Form 10-K and Note 7, “Long-Term Debt”, Note 9, “Convertible Preferred Stock”, and Note 15, “Commitments and Contingencies” in the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, our total operating lease liabilities were ~~$46.0~~$39.3 million, of which ~~$10.3~~$6.3 million is included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities (current portions), and ~~$35.7~~$33.0 million is included as operating lease liabilities (long-term portions), on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Beginning during the second half of the year ended January 31, 2022 and continuing into the nine months ended October 31, 2022, we decided to exit certain leased offices, and we anticipate exiting or reducing additional office leases in the future as we continue to assess how and to what extent our employees will return to work in our offices.

It is not our business practice to enter into off-balance sheet arrangements. However, in the normal course of business, we enter into contracts in which we make representations and warranties that guarantee the performance of our products and services. Historically, there have been no significant losses related to such guarantees.

Our condensed consolidated balance sheet at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 included ~~$18.9~~$53.5 million of non-current tax reserves (including interest and penalties of ~~$4.1~~$6.0 million), net of related benefits for uncertain tax positions. We do not expect to make any significant payments for these uncertain tax positions within the next 12 months.

Contingent Payments Associated with Business Combinations and Asset Acquisitions

In connection with certain of our business combinations, we have agreed to make contingent cash payments to the former owners of the acquired companies based upon the achievement of performance targets following the acquisition dates.

For the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, we made ~~$7.5~~$3.1 million of payments under contingent consideration arrangements. As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, potential future cash payments, and earned consideration expected to be paid, subsequent to ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 under contingent consideration arrangements totaled ~~$4.0~~$19.0 million, the estimated fair value of which was ~~$2.8~~$7.9 million, of which $5.2 million was recorded within accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and $2.7 million was ~~reported in~~recorded within other liabilities. The performance periods associated with these potential payments extend through ~~April 2024.~~January 2026.

In July 2023, we entered into an agreement to acquire source code that qualifies as an asset acquisition and provides for additional consideration contingent upon achieving certain performance targets for the years ending January 31, 2025 and 2026 of up to $5.0 million, with a minimum of $2.0 million guaranteed over the period, plus the opportunity to receive additional payments from us based on any revenue we receive from sales of products based on the acquired technology in adjacent markets.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

For a description of recent accounting pronouncements, and the potential impact of these pronouncements on our condensed consolidated financial statements, see Note 1, “Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies” to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial condition due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. We are exposed to market risk related to changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. To manage the volatility relating to interest rate and foreign currency risks, we periodically enter into derivative instruments including foreign currency forward exchange contracts and interest rate swap agreements. It is our policy to use derivative instruments only to the extent considered necessary to meet our risk management objectives. We use derivative instruments solely to reduce the financial impact of these risks and do not use derivative instruments for speculative purposes.

Interest Rate Risk on Our Debt

In April 2021, we issued $315.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2021 Notes. Prior to January 15, 2026, the 2021 Notes will be convertible only upon the occurrence of certain events and during certain periods, and will be convertible thereafter at any time until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date of the 2021 Notes. Upon conversion of the 2021 Notes, holders will receive cash up to the aggregate principal amount, with any remainder to be settled with cash or common stock, or a combination thereof, at our election. Concurrent with the issuance of the 2021 Notes, we entered into capped call transactions with certain counterparties. These separate transactions were completed to reduce our exposure to potential dilution upon conversion of the 2021 Notes.

The 2021 Notes have a fixed annual interest rate of 0.25% and therefore do not have interest rate risk exposure. However, the fair values of the 2021 Notes are subject to interest rate risk, market risk, and other factors due to the convertible feature. The fair values of the 2021 Notes are also affected by our common stock price. Generally, the fair values of the 2021 Notes will increase as interest rates fall and/or our common stock price increases, and decrease as interest rates rise and/or our common stock price decreases. Changes in the fair values of the 2021 Notes do not impact our financial position, cash flows, or results of operations due to the fixed nature of the debt obligations. We do not carry the 2021 Notes at fair value on our consolidated balance sheet, but we report the fair value of the 2021 Notes for disclosure purposes.

Interest rates on loans under the Credit Agreement are periodically reset, at our option, originally at either a Eurodollar Rate or an ABR Rate (each as defined in the Credit Agreement), plus, in each case, a margin. On May 10, 2023, we entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement (the “Fourth Amendment”) related to the planned phase-out of LIBOR by the UK Financial Conduct Authority. Effective July 1, 2023, borrowings under the Credit Agreement will bear interest, at our option, at either: (i) the alternate base rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement), plus the applicable rate margin therefor (as defined in the Credit Agreement) or (ii) the adjusted Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate published by the CME Term SOFR Administrator (as more fully defined and set forth in the Credit Agreement, “Adjusted Term SOFR”), plus the applicable margin therefor. The applicable margin in each case is determined based on our leverage ratio (described above) and ranges from 0.25% to 1.25% for borrowings bearing interest at the alternate base rate and from 1.25% to 2.25% for borrowings bearing interest based on Adjusted Term SOFR.

On April 27, 2023, we repaid in full the remaining $100.0 million outstanding principal balance related to our Term Loan ~~is fixed at 2.00% for Eurodollar loans, and 1.00% for ABR loans.~~with $100.0 million of proceeds from borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility. For loans under the Revolving Credit Facility, the margin is determined by reference to our Consolidated Total Debt to Consolidated EBITDA (each as defined in the Credit Agreement) leverage ratio. ~~On April 13, 2021, we repaid $309.0 million of our Term Loan, reducing the outstanding balance to $100.0 million as of October 31, 2022.~~ As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the interest rate on our ~~Term Loan~~$100.0 million of borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility was ~~5.13%~~6.93%. A hypothetical 10% change in interest rates during any of the periods presented would not have had a material impact on our financial statements.

The periodic interest rates on borrowings under the Credit Agreement are currently a function of several factors, the most important of which is LIBOR, which is the rate we elect for the vast majority of our periodic interest rate reset events.

On March 5, 2021, the Financial Conduct Authority of the United Kingdom announced that all LIBOR settings will either cease to be provided by any administrator or no longer be representative: (a) immediately after December 31, 2021, in the case of the one week and two-month U.S. dollar settings; and (b) immediately after June 30, 2023, in the case of the remaining U.S. dollar settings. We are considering the impact the planned phase out would have on our credit facility. The Alternative Reference Rates Committee has proposed the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as its recommended alternative to LIBOR. We do not currently anticipate a significant impact to our financial position or results of operations as a result of this action as we expect that our Term Loan currently indexed to LIBOR (on which the Eurodollar Rate is based) will be modified without significant financial impact before the phase out occurs.

Inflation Risk

While we continue to see significant demand for our solutions as our customers accelerate the digitization of their customer interactions and internal operations, we believe that current macroeconomic factors, including increased inflation rates, ~~may be~~are impacting customer and partner spending decisions. Given the current macroeconomic environment, we ~~will~~ continue to look for ways to manage costs and mitigate any changes in our customers’ purchasing behavior that may occur due to significant inflationary pressure or other factors. If our costs, in particular labor, sales and marketing, and cloud hosting costs, become subject to sustained or increased inflationary pressure, we may be unable to fully offset such higher costs through price increases, which could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The section entitled “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” under Part II, Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, ~~2022~~2023 provides detailed quantitative and qualitative discussions of the market risks

~~Table of Contents~~

affecting our operations. Other than as described above under “Interest Rate Risk on Our Debt” and “Inflation Risk”, and the market risk that is created by the global market disruptions and uncertainties resulting from ~~the COVID-19 pandemic~~macroeconomic factors discussed in

Table of Contents

“Management’s Discussion and ~~other macroeconomic factors,~~Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included under Part I, Item 2 of this report, we believe that our market risk profile did not materially change during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management conducted an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023. Disclosure controls and procedures are those controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported, within the time periods specified by the rules and forms promulgated by the SEC. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. As a result of this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022.~~2023.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes to our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023, that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we have adopted a hybrid work model under which the majority of our employees now work from home on a full or part-time basis. The design of our financial reporting processes, systems, and controls allows for remote execution with accessibility to secure data.

Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system will be achieved. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the impact of resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the possibility that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple errors. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by individual acts, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all possible conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

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Part II

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

See Note 15, “Commitments and Contingencies” ~~of the Notes~~ to ~~the~~our condensed consolidated financial statements under Part I, Item 1 of this report for information regarding our legal proceedings.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the Risk Factors described in Part I “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, ~~2022.~~2023. In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report, you should carefully consider the risks discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, which could materially affect our business, financial condition, or operating results. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks facing us, however. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be insignificant also may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, or operating results in the future.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

On December 2, 2021, we announced that our board of directors had authorized a stock repurchase program for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2023 whereby we may repurchase up to 1,500,000 shares of common stock to offset dilution from our equity compensation program for such fiscal year. To further offset such dilution as well as other dilutive transactions, on March 22, 2022, our board of directors authorized an additional 500,000 shares of common stock to be repurchased under this program. During the nine months ended October 31, 2022, we repurchased 2,000,000 shares under this stock repurchase program with available cash in the United States.

On December 7, 2022, we announced that our board of directors had authorized a ~~new~~ stock repurchase program for the period from December 12, 2022 until January 31, 2025, whereby we may repurchase shares of common stock not to exceed, in the aggregate, ~~$200~~$200.0 million during the repurchase period. ~~Please refer to Note 16, “Subsequent Event”, in Part I, Item 1 of this report for more information regarding~~During the year ended January 31, 2023, we repurchased approximately 649,000 shares under this stock repurchase ~~program.~~program for an aggregate purchase price of $23.5 million. During the six months ended July 31, 2023, we repurchased approximately 1,996,000 shares under this stock repurchase program for $74.1 million, including excise tax of $0.4 million. Repurchases were financed with available cash in the United States.

From time to time, we have purchased common stock from our directors, officers, and other employees to facilitate income tax withholding by us or the payment of income taxes by such holders upon vesting of equity awards occurring during a Company-imposed trading blackout or lockup period.

On August 16, 2022, the U.S. government enacted the Inflation Reduction Act (the "IRA") into law. The IRA imposes a 1% excise tax on share repurchases, which is effective for us for repurchases completed after December 31, 2022. We reflect the excise tax within equity as part of the repurchase of the common stock.

Share repurchase activity during the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 was as follows:

Period Total Number Shares Purchased Average Price Paid per Share (1) Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
August 1, 2022 - August 31, 2022 — $ — — $ —
September 1, 2022 - September 30, 2022 10,102 45.29 — —
October 1, 2022 - October 31, 2022 — — — —
10,102 $ 45.29 — $ —


Period	Total Number Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share (1)		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
May 1, 2023 - May 31, 2023	155,848	$	34.81	155,848	$	111,486
June 1, 2023 - June 30, 2023	131,482	34.86		131,482	106,902
July 1, 2023 - July 31, 2023	115,320	34.30		115,320	102,947
	402,650	$	34.68	402,650	$	102,947

(1) Represents the approximate weighted-average price paid per ~~share.~~share and excludes excise tax.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Table of Contents

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

~~Not applicable.~~During the three months ended July 31, 2023, no director or officer of the Company adopted, modified, or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each of these terms is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

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Item 6. Exhibits

The following exhibit list includes agreements that we entered into or that became effective during the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022:~~2023:

Number

Description

Filed Herewith /
Incorporated by
Reference from

10.1

Verint Systems Inc. 2023 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan

Form 8-K filed on June 23, 2023

31.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Filed herewith

31.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Filed herewith

32.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (1)

Filed herewith

32.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (1)

Filed herewith

101.INS

XBRL Instance Document

Filed herewith

101.SCH

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

Filed herewith

101.CAL

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

Filed herewith

101.DEF

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

Filed herewith

101.LAB

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

Filed herewith

101.PRE

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

Filed herewith

(1)These exhibits are being “furnished” with this periodic report and are not deemed “filed” with the SEC and are not incorporated by reference in any filing of the company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

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Signature

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


			Verint Systems Inc.


~~December 7, 2022~~September 6, 2023			/s/ ~~Douglas E. Robinson~~Grant Highlander
			~~Douglas E. Robinson~~Grant Highlander
			Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

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VERINT SYSTEMS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Index to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
			Page

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and January 31, ~~2022~~2023			2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and ~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~October~~ July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022			3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) ~~Income~~ for the Three and ~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022			4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Three and ~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~October~~ July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022			5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the ~~Nine~~ Six Months Ended ~~October~~ July 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022			76
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements			97


	Nine Months Ended October 31,
	2022			2021
(in thousands, except per share data)	Shares or Units	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value		Shares or Units	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Beginning balance	2,454	$	42.99	2,950	$	35.97
Granted	1,648	$	55.43	1,503	$	48.00
Released	(1,547)	$	41.97	(1,576)	$	34.87
Forfeited	(140)	$	46.74	(185)	$	39.43
Ending balance	2,415	$	52.58	2,692	$	43.10