UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)



x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the quarterly period ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019

or

o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission File Number: 0-49677

WEST BANCORPORATION, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)



IOWA	42-1230603
(State of Incorporation)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)



	1601 22nd Street, West Des Moines, Iowa	50266
	(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (515) 222-2300

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:



Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, no par value	WTBA	The Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically ~~and posted on its corporate Web site, if any,~~ every Interactive Data File required to be submitted ~~and posted~~ pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit ~~and post~~ such files).

Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer	o
Accelerated filer	x
Non-accelerated filer	o	~~(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)~~
Smaller reporting company	ox
Emerging growth company	o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes o No x

As of July ~~25, 2018,~~24, 2019, there were ~~16,295,494~~16,379,752 shares of common stock, no par value, outstanding.

WEST BANCORPORATION, INC.

INDEX



		Page
PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements	4

	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017~~2018	4

	Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017~~2018	5

	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017~~2018	6

	Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017~~2018	7

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017~~2018	89

	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	910

Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	2931

	"Safe Harbor" Concerning Forward-Looking Statements	2931

	Critical Accounting Policies	2931

	Non-GAAP Financial Measures	3032

	Overview	3133

	Results of Operations	3335

	Financial Condition	42

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	4647

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	4647

PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	4647

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	4647

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	4647

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	4647

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	4647

Item 5.	Other Information	4647

Item 6.	Exhibits	4748

	Signatures	4849

Table of Contents

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements


West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(unaudited)

(in thousands, except share and per share data)	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017			June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks	$	36,964		$	34,952		$	45,286		$	46,369
Federal funds sold	28,139			12,997			47,278			1,105
Cash and cash equivalents	65,103			47,949			92,564			47,474
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value	526,793			444,219			398,534			453,758
Investment securities held to maturity, at amortized cost (fair value $45,890 at December 31, 2017)	—			45,527
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost	9,202			9,174			10,826			12,037
Loans	1,534,404			1,510,500			1,792,718			1,721,830
Allowance for loan losses	(16,518		)	(16,430		)	(16,737		)	(16,689		)
Loans, net	1,517,886			1,494,070			1,775,981			1,705,141
Premises and equipment, net	22,053			23,022			30,447			21,491
Accrued interest receivable	7,864			7,344			7,937			7,631
Bank-owned life insurance	33,928			33,618			34,563			34,249
Deferred tax assets, net	5,826			4,645			4,901			6,518
Other assets	8,511			4,809			7,123			8,269
Total assets	$	2,197,166		$	2,114,377		$	2,362,876		$	2,296,568

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
LIABILITIES
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing demand	$	381,281		$	395,888		$	373,627		$	400,530
Interest-bearing demand	326,567			395,052			321,747			336,089
Savings	1,004,926			850,216			974,769			950,501
Time of $250 or more	29,382			16,965			50,980			55,745
Other time	149,773			152,692			244,664			151,664
Total deposits	1,891,929			1,810,813			1,965,787			1,894,529
Federal funds purchased	860			545			2,280			19,985
Subordinated notes, net	20,418			20,412			20,432			20,425
Federal Home Loan Bank advances, net	77,124			76,382			128,621			137,878
Long-term debt	19,611			22,917			22,982			27,040
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	4,872			5,210			20,839			5,688
Total liabilities	2,014,814			1,936,279			2,160,941			2,105,545
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (NOTE 8)
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; authorized 50,000,000 shares; no shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017	—			—
Common stock, no par value; authorized 50,000,000 shares; 16,295,494 and 16,215,672 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively	3,000			3,000
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; authorized 50,000,000 shares; no shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018							—			—
Common stock, no par value; authorized 50,000,000 shares; 16,379,752 and 16,295,494 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively							3,000			3,000
Additional paid-in capital	23,653			23,463			25,691			25,128
Retained earnings	161,867			153,527			176,567			169,709
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(6,168		)	(1,892		)	(3,323		)	(6,814		)
Total stockholders' equity	182,352			178,098			201,935			191,023
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	2,197,166		$	2,114,377		$	2,362,876		$	2,296,568

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Table of Contents


West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Income
(unaudited)
	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,					Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except per share data)	2018			2017		2018			2017		2019		2018			2019			2018
Interest income:
Loans, including fees	$	17,168		$	16,042	$	33,642		$	31,011	$	21,108	$	17,168		$	41,496		$	33,642
Investment securities:
Taxable	1,886			1,239		3,699			2,266		2,632		1,886			4,960			3,699
Tax-exempt	1,306			815		2,668			1,593		485		1,306			1,322			2,668
Federal funds sold	177			70		258			87		110		177			208			258
Total interest income	20,537			18,166		40,267			34,957		24,335		20,537			47,986			40,267
Interest expense:
Deposits	3,798			1,781		6,810			2,976		6,670		3,798			12,634			6,810
Federal funds purchased	52			23		79			69		115		52			202			79
Subordinated notes	284			223		532			435		256		284			508			532
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	907			948		1,739			1,865		1,093		907			2,366			1,739
Long-term debt	197			98		392			130		163		197			349			392
Total interest expense	5,238			3,073		9,552			5,475		8,297		5,238			16,059			9,552
Net interest income	15,299			15,093		30,715			29,482		16,038		15,299			31,927			30,715
Provision for loan losses	—			—		150			—		—		—			—			150
Net interest income after provision for loan losses	15,299			15,093		30,565			29,482		16,038		15,299			31,927			30,565
Noninterest income:
Service charges on deposit accounts	627			631		1,276			1,231		600		627			1,211			1,276
Debit card usage fees	433			458		832			898		434		433			809			832
Trust services	575			436		1,020			828		481		575			964			1,020
Increase in cash value of bank-owned life insurance	152			163		310			317		162		152			314			310
Gain from bank-owned life insurance	—			—		—			307
Realized investment securities gains (losses), net	(25		)	229		(25		)	226		23		(25		)	(65		)	(25		)
Other income	261			399		523			669		299		261			885			523
Total noninterest income	2,023			2,316		3,936			4,476		1,999		2,023			4,118			3,936
Noninterest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits	4,775			4,449		9,288			8,786		5,424		4,775			10,884			9,288
Occupancy	1,258			1,131		2,481			2,228		1,344		1,258			2,577			2,481
Data processing	674			708		1,350			1,396		716		674			1,396			1,350
FDIC insurance	165			150		327			363		185		165			404			327
Professional fees	178			248		412			541		209		178			443			412
Director fees	261			246		510			457		258		261			509			510
Write-down of premises	333			—		333			—		—		333			—			333
Other expenses	1,314			1,240		2,544			2,444		1,614		1,314			3,081			2,544
Total noninterest expense	8,958			8,172		17,245			16,215		9,750		8,958			19,294			17,245
Income before income taxes	8,364			9,237		17,256			17,743		8,287		8,364			16,751			17,256
Income taxes	1,600			2,872		3,108			5,272		1,629		1,600			3,194			3,108
Net income	$	6,764		$	6,365	$	14,148		$	12,471	$	6,658	$	6,764		$	13,557		$	14,148

Basic earnings per common share	$	0.42		$	0.39	$	0.87		$	0.77	$	0.41	$	0.42		$	0.83		$	0.87
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.41		$	0.39	$	0.86		$	0.76	$	0.41	$	0.41		$	0.83		$	0.86
Cash dividends declared per common share	$	0.20		$	0.18	$	0.38		$	0.35

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Table of Contents


West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income													Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(unaudited)
		Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,							Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)		2018			2017			2018			2017				2019			2018			2019			2018
Net income		$	6,764		$	6,365		$	14,148		$	12,471			$	6,658		$	6,764		$	13,557		$	14,148
Other comprehensive income (loss) :
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period		(1,226		)	2,218			(8,191		)	3,825				7,050			(1,226		)	11,967			(8,191		)
Unrealized gains on investment securities transferred from held to maturity to available for sale		—			—			363			—				—			—			—			363
Plus: reclassification adjustment for net (gains) losses realized in net income		25			(229		)	25			(226		)		(23		)	25			65			25
Less: other reclassification adjustment		—			(193		)	(36		)	(200		)		—			—			—			(36		)
Income tax benefit (expense)		301			(683		)	1,962			(1,292		)		(1,757		)	301			(3,008		)	1,962
Other comprehensive income (loss) on investment securities		(900		)	1,113			(5,877		)	2,107				5,270			(900		)	9,024			(5,877		)
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period		1,003			(356		)	2,548			(347		)		(4,729		)	1,003			(7,170		)	2,548
Plus: reclassification adjustment for net (gain) loss on derivatives realized in net income		(2		)	79			35			169
Plus: reclassification adjustment for net (gains) losses on derivatives realized in net income															(114		)	(2		)	(251		)	35
Plus: reclassification adjustment for amortization of derivative termination costs		24			27			47			54				24			24			47			47
Income tax benefit (expense)		(257		)	95			(659		)	47				1,203			(257		)	1,841			(659		)
Other comprehensive income (loss) on derivatives		768			(155		)	1,971			(77		)		(3,616		)	768			(5,533		)	1,971
Total other comprehensive income (loss)		(132		)	958			(3,906		)	2,030				1,654			(132		)	3,491			(3,906		)
Comprehensive income		$	6,632		$	7,323		$	10,242		$	14,501			$	8,312		$	6,632		$	17,048		$	10,242

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Table of Contents


West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary																		West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity																		Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity
(unaudited)
(in thousands, except share and per share data)																		(in thousands, except share and per share data)

												Accumulated							Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
						Additional						Other																	Accumulated
	Preferred		Common Stock			Paid-In			Retained			Comprehensive												Additional					Other
(in thousands, except share and per share data)	Stock		Shares	Amount		Capital			Earnings			Income (Loss)			Total
Balance, December 31, 2016	$	—	16,137,999	$	3,000	$	21,462		$	141,956		$	(1,042	)	$	165,376
																			Preferred		Common Stock			Paid-In		Retained			Comprehensive
																			Stock		Shares	Amount		Capital		Earnings			Income (Loss)			Total
Balance, March 31, 2019																			$	—	16,357,752	$	3,000	$	24,898	$	173,349		$	(4,977	)	$	196,270
Net income	—		—	—		—			12,471			—			12,471				—		—	—		—		6,658			—			6,658
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—		—	—		—			—			2,030			2,030				—		—	—		—		—			1,654			1,654
Cash dividends declared, $0.35 per common share	—		—	—		—			(5,661		)	—			(5,661		)
Cash dividends declared, $0.21 per common share																			—		—	—		—		(3,440		)	—			(3,440		)
Stock-based compensation costs	—		—	—		1,223			—			—			1,223				—		—	—		793		—			—			793
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted
stock units, net of shares withheld for payroll taxes	—		73,162	—		(553		)	—			—			(553		)
Balance, June 30, 2017	$	—	16,211,161	$	3,000	$	22,132		$	148,766		$	988		$	174,886
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for payroll taxes																			—		22,000	—		—		—			—			—
Balance, June 30, 2019																			$	—	16,379,752	$	3,000	$	25,691	$	176,567		$	(3,323	)	$	201,935

Balance, December 31, 2017	$	—	16,215,672	$	3,000	$	23,463		$	153,527		$	(1,892	)	$	178,098
Reclassification of stranded tax effects of rate change	—		—	—		—			370			(370		)	—

																			Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
																													Accumulated
																								Additional					Other
																			Preferred		Common Stock			Paid-In		Retained			Comprehensive
																			Stock		Shares	Amount		Capital		Earnings			Income (Loss)			Total
Balance, March 31, 2018																			$	—	16,271,494	$	3,000	$	22,916	$	158,362		$	(6,036	)	$	178,242
Net income	—		—	—		—			14,148			—			14,148				—		—	—		—		6,764			—			6,764
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—		—	—		—			—			(3,906		)	(3,906		)		—		—	—		—		—			(132		)	(132		)
Cash dividends declared, $0.38 per common share	—		—	—		—			(6,178		)	—			(6,178		)
Cash dividends declared, $0.20 per common share																			—		—	—		—		(3,259		)	—			(3,259		)
Stock-based compensation costs	—		—	—		1,266			—			—			1,266				—		—	—		737		—			—			737
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted
stock units, net of shares withheld for payroll taxes	—		79,822	—		(1,076		)	—			—			(1,076		)
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for payroll taxes																			—		24,000	—		—		—			—			—
Balance, June 30, 2018	$	—	16,295,494	$	3,000	$	23,653		$	161,867		$	(6,168	)	$	182,352			$	—	16,295,494	$	3,000	$	23,653	$	161,867		$	(6,168	)	$	182,352

Table of Contents



West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity
(unaudited)
(in thousands, except share and per share data)


	Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
												Accumulated
						Additional						Other
	Preferred		Common Stock			Paid-In			Retained			Comprehensive
	Stock		Shares	Amount		Capital			Earnings			Income (Loss)			Total
Balance, December 31, 2018	$	—	16,295,494	$	3,000	$	25,128		$	169,709		$	(6,814	)	$	191,023
Net income	—		—	—		—			13,557			—			13,557
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—		—	—		—			—			3,491			3,491
Cash dividends declared, $0.41 per common share	—		—	—		—			(6,699		)				(6,699		)
Stock-based compensation costs	—		—	—		1,424			—			—			1,424
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for payroll taxes	—		84,258	—		(861		)	—			—			(861		)
Balance, June 30, 2019	$	—	16,379,752	$	3,000	$	25,691		$	176,567		$	(3,323	)	$	201,935


	Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
												Accumulated
						Additional						Other
	Preferred		Common Stock			Paid-In			Retained			Comprehensive
	Stock		Shares	Amount		Capital			Earnings			Income (Loss)			Total
Balance, December 31, 2017	$	—	16,215,672	$	3,000	$	23,463		$	153,527		$	(1,892	)	$	178,098
Reclassification of stranded tax effects of rate change	—		—	—		—			370			(370		)	—
Net income	—		—	—		—			14,148			—			14,148
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—		—	—		—			—			(3,906		)	(3,906		)
Cash dividends declared, $0.38 per common share	—		—	—		—			(6,178		)	—			(6,178		)
Stock-based compensation costs	—		—	—		1,266			—			—			1,266
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for payroll taxes	—		79,822	—		(1,076		)	—			—			(1,076		)
Balance, June 30, 2018	$	—	16,295,494	$	3,000	$	23,653		$	161,867		$	(6,168	)	$	182,352

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Table of Contents


West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(unaudited)
	Six Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2018			2017			2019			2018
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income	$	14,148		$	12,471		$	13,557		$	14,148
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for loan losses	150			—			—			150
Net amortization and accretion	2,528			1,835			2,026			2,528
Investment securities (gains) losses, net	25			(226		)
Investment securities losses, net							65			25
Stock-based compensation	1,266			1,223			1,424			1,266
Increase in cash value of bank-owned life insurance	(310		)	(317		)	(314		)	(310		)
Gain from bank-owned life insurance	—			(307		)
Gain on sale of premises							(307		)	—
Depreciation	703			673			698			703
Write-down of premises	333			—			—			333
Deferred income taxes	122			690			450			122
Change in assets and liabilities:
Increase in accrued interest receivable	(520		)	(72		)	(306		)	(520		)
Increase in other assets	(1,204		)	(257		)	(689		)	(1,204		)
Decrease in accrued expenses and other liabilities	(254		)	(1,114		)
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other liabilities							9			(254		)
Net cash provided by operating activities	16,987			14,599			16,613			16,987
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale	9,216			53,020			145,342			9,216
Proceeds from maturities and calls of investment securities	20,937			28,122			19,403			20,937
Purchases of securities available for sale	(76,796		)	(138,436		)	(98,784		)	(76,796		)
Purchases of Federal Home Loan Bank stock	(6,854		)	(12,074		)	(22,378		)	(6,854		)
Proceeds from redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock	6,826			11,764			23,589			6,826
Net increase in loans	(23,966		)	(35,135		)	(70,840		)	(23,966		)
Proceeds from sale of premises							604			—
Purchases of premises and equipment	(67		)	(431		)	(394		)	(67		)
Proceeds of principal and earnings from bank-owned life insurance	—			451
Net cash used in investing activities	(70,704		)	(92,719		)	(3,458		)	(70,704		)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Net increase in deposits	81,116			28,470			71,258			81,116
Net increase in federal funds purchased	315			5,470
Proceeds from long-term debt	—			22,000
Net increase (decrease) in federal funds purchased							(17,705		)	315
Principal payments on Federal Home Loan Bank advances							(110,000		)	—
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank advances							100,000			—
Principal payments on long-term debt	(3,306		)	(1,656		)	(4,058		)	(3,306		)
Common stock dividends paid	(6,178		)	(5,661		)	(6,699		)	(6,178		)
Restricted stock units withheld for payroll taxes	(1,076		)	(553		)	(861		)	(1,076		)
Net cash provided by financing activities	70,871			48,070			31,935			70,871
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	17,154			(30,050		)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents							45,090			17,154
Cash and Cash Equivalents:
Beginning	47,949			76,836			47,474			47,949
Ending	$	65,103		$	46,786		$	92,564		$	65,103

Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information:
Cash payments for:
Interest	$	9,457		$	5,361		$	15,647		$	9,457
Income taxes	2,020			3,780			1,560			2,020

Supplemental Disclosure of Noncash Investing Activities:
Establishment of lease liability and right-of-use asset							$	10,435		$	—
Transfer of investment securities held to maturity to available for sale	$	45,527		$	—		—			45,527

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

1. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared by West Bancorporation, Inc. (the Company) pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Although management believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented understandable, it is suggested that these interim consolidated financial statements be read in conjunction with the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2017~~2018. filed with the SEC on February 28, 2019. In the opinion of management, the accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company contain all adjustments necessary to fairly present its financial position as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017~~2018, net income, ~~and~~ comprehensive income and changes in stockholders' equity for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017, and changes in stockholders' equity~~2018, and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017.~~2018. The results for these interim periods may not be indicative of results for the entire year or for any other period.

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). References to GAAP issued by the FASB in these footnotes are to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification™, sometimes referred to as the Codification or ASC. In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses for the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term are the fair value of financial instruments and the allowance for loan losses.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, West Bank, West Bank's special purpose subsidiaries and West Bank's wholly-owned subsidiary WB Funding Corporation (which was liquidated in March 2018). All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. In accordance with GAAP, West Bancorporation Capital Trust I is recorded on the books of the Company using the equity method of accounting and is not consolidated.

Current accounting developments: In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The guidance in this update supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in ASC Topic 605, Revenue Recognition, and most industry-specific guidance throughout the industry topics of the Codification. The core principle is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services. For public companies, this update was effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted the guidance effective January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective method. The implementation of the new standard did not result in a change to the accounting for any in-scope revenue streams; as such, no cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings was recorded. The Company's revenue is primarily composed of interest income on financial instruments, including investment securities and loans, which are excluded from the scope of Topic 606. Also excluded from the scope of Topic 606 is revenue from bank-owned life insurance, loan fees and letter of credit fees. Approximately 90 percent of the Company's revenue is outside the scope of this update. Topic 606 is applicable to deposit account related fees, including general service fees charged for deposit account maintenance and activity and transaction-based fees charged for certain services, such as debit card, wire transfer or overdraft activities. Revenue is recognized when the performance obligation is completed, which is generally after a transaction is completed or monthly for account maintenance services. Topic 606 is also applicable to trust services, which include periodic fees earned from trusts and investment management agency accounts, estate administration, custody accounts, individual retirement accounts, and other related services. Fees are charged based on standard agreements or by statute and are recognized over the period of time the Company provides the contracted services.

~~In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10):~~ ~~Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.~~ The update enhances the reporting model for financial instruments to provide users of financial statements with more decision-useful information by updating certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. Among other changes, the update requires public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes, and clarifies that entities should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available for sale securities in combination with the entities' other deferred tax assets. For public companies, this update was effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted the guidance effective January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective method. Upon adoption, the fair value of the Company's loan portfolio is now presented using an exit price method. Also, the Company is no longer required to disclose the methodologies used for estimating fair value of financial assets and liabilities that are not measured at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis. The remaining requirements of this update did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary~~

~~Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements~~

~~(unaudited)~~

~~(dollars in thousands, except per share data)~~

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The guidance in the update supersedes the requirements in ASC Topic 840, Leases. The guidance is intended to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing ~~lease~~right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on the balance ~~sheet for leases with terms of more than 12 months.~~sheet. For public companies, this update ~~will be~~was effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, ~~2018, and is to be applied on a modified retrospective basis.~~2018. The Company ~~currently~~adopted this guidance in the first quarter of 2019. Upon adoption, the Company elected a practical expedient which allowed existing leases ~~its main location~~to retain their classification as operating leases. The Company also elected the option to account for lease and ~~space for six other branch offices~~related non-lease components as a single lease component, and ~~operational departments under operating leases that will result in recognition of lease~~the option not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities arising from short-term leases (leases with terms of twelve months or less). Lease liabilities are measured at the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted at the Company's incremental borrowing rate. The right-of-use asset is measured at the amount of the lease liability adjusted for any cumulative prepaid or accrued rent if the lease payments are uneven throughout the lease term. Implementation of the guidance resulted in the recording of a right-of-use asset, included in premises and equipment, and an operating lease liability, included in other liabilities, on the consolidated balance ~~sheets under the update. The amount of assets and liabilities added to the balance sheet are estimated to be approximately $10,000 which does~~sheet; however it did not have a material impact on the Company's other consolidated financial statements. See additional disclosures in Note 9.

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326). The amendments in this update require a financial asset (or a group of financial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial assets to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the financial assets. Under the updates, the income statement will reflect the measurement of credit losses for newly recognized financial assets, as well as the expected increases or decreases of expected credit losses that have taken place during the period. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectibility of the reported amount of financial assets. An entity must use judgment in determining the relevant information and estimation methods that are appropriate in its circumstances. The allowance for credit losses for purchased financial assets with a more-than-insignificant amount of credit deterioration since origination that are measured at amortized cost basis will be determined in a similar manner to other financial assets measured at amortized cost basis; however, the initial allowance for credit losses will be added to the purchase price rather than being reported as a credit loss expense. Only subsequent changes in the allowance for credit losses will be recorded as a credit loss expense for these assets. Off-balance-sheet arrangements such as commitments to extend credit, guarantees and standby letters of credit that are not considered derivatives under ASC 815 and are not unconditionally cancellable are also within the scope of this update. Credit losses relating to available for sale debt securities should be recorded through an allowance for credit losses. For public companies, the update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. ~~All entities may adopt the amendments in this update earlier as of fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years.~~ An entity will apply the amendments in this update on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective. In July 2019, the FASB proposed changes to the effective date of ASU No. 2016-13 for smaller reporting companies, as defined by the SEC, and other non-SEC reporting entities. The proposal would delay the effective date to fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal periods. As the Company is a smaller reporting company, the proposed delay would be applicable to the Company, if it is approved by the FASB.

The Company ~~does not plan to early adopt~~is developing its approach for determining the expected credit losses under the new guidance. The Company continues collecting and retaining historical loan and credit data and is currently evaluating alternative loss estimation models. While the Company currently cannot reasonably estimate the impact of adopting this standard, ~~but~~the Company expects the impact will be influenced by the composition, risk characteristics and quality of our loan and securities portfolios, as well as the general economic conditions and forecasts as of the adoption date.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The amendments in this update modify the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements by removing, modifying, or adding certain disclosures. The update is effective for interim and annual periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for the removed disclosures and delayed adoption until fiscal year 2020 permitted for the new disclosures. The removed and modified disclosures will be adopted on a retrospective basis, and the new disclosures will be adopted on a prospective basis. The adoption will not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In April 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (ASC 326), Derivatives and Hedging (ASC 815), and Financial Instruments (ASC 825). The amendments in the ASU improve the Codification by eliminating inconsistencies and providing clarifications. The amended guidance in this ASU related to the credit losses will be effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently ~~planning for the implementation. It is too early to assess~~evaluating the impact ~~that this guidance will have~~of the ASU on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

~~In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815):~~ ~~Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities. The amendments in this update~~ make targeted changes to the existing hedge accounting model to better align the accounting rules with a company’s risk management activities, and to simplify the application of the hedge accounting model. The updateexpands the types of transactions eligible for hedge accounting, eliminates the requirement to separately measure and present hedge ineffectiveness, and simplifies the way assessments of hedge ineffectiveness may be performed. The update also permits a one-time reclassification of prepayable debt securities from held to maturity classification to available for sale. For public companies, the update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted, including in an interim period. The amendments' presentation and disclosure guidance is required on a prospective basis. The Company adopted the guidance effective January 1, 2018. The requirements of this update related to the Company's hedging activities did not have any impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. Upon adoption, the Company elected to transfer all its held to maturity securities portfolio to available for sale. The transferred securities had an amortized cost basis of $45,527 and a fair value of $45,890. Upon transfer, the Company recorded an adjustment of $273 to accumulated other comprehensive income, net of deferred income taxes, for the unrealized gains and losses related to the transferred securities.

~~In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220):~~ ~~Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.~~ The amendment in this update allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the December 22, 2017, enactment of the reduced federal corporate income tax rate, which became effective in 2018. For public companies, the update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The amendment can be adopted at the beginning of the period or on a retrospective basis. The Company adopted the amendment effective January 1, 2018, using the beginning of period method. The reclassified amount was $370.

1011

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

2. Earnings per Common Share

Basic earnings per common share are computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per common share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if the Company's outstanding restricted stock units were vested. The dilutive effect was computed using the treasury stock method, which assumes all stock-based awards were exercised and the hypothetical proceeds from exercise were used by the Company to purchase common stock at the average market price during the period. The incremental shares, to the extent they would have been dilutive, were included in the denominator of the diluted earnings per common share calculation. The calculations of earnings per common share and diluted earnings per common share for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017~~2018 are presented in the following table.


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,				Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except per share data)	2018		2017		2018		2017		2019		2018		2019		2018
Net income	$	6,764	$	6,365	$	14,148	$	12,471	$	6,658	$	6,764	$	13,557	$	14,148

Weighted average common shares outstanding	16,289		16,204		16,254		16,173		16,374		16,289		16,337		16,254
Weighted average effect of restricted stock units outstanding	102		106		146		131		63		102		76		146
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	16,391		16,310		16,400		16,304		16,437		16,391		16,413		16,400

Basic earnings per common share	$	0.42	$	0.39	$	0.87	$	0.77	$	0.41	$	0.42	$	0.83	$	0.87
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.41	$	0.39	$	0.86	$	0.76	$	0.41	$	0.41	$	0.83	$	0.86
Number of anti-dilutive common stock equivalents excluded from diluted earnings per share computation	130		1		69		8		166		130		195		69

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Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

3. Investment Securities

The following tables show the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and fair value of investment securities, by investment security type as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017.~~2018.


	June 30, 2018									June 30, 2019
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized (Losses)			Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized (Losses)			Fair Value
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Treasuries	$	39,535	$	—	$	(31	)	$	39,504
State and political subdivisions	179,445		281		(3,822		)	175,904		$	48,608	$	1,081	$	(11	)	$	49,678
Collateralized mortgage obligations ⁽¹⁾	167,778		11		(4,950		)	162,839		194,529		1,339		(685		)	195,183
Mortgage-backed securities ⁽¹⁾	56,421		—		(1,391		)	55,030		55,679		284		(92		)	55,871
Asset-backed securities ⁽²⁾	42,071		—		(609		)	41,462		24,434		59		(38		)	24,455
Trust preferred security	2,144		—		(144		)	2,000
Collateralized loan obligations										54,780		3		(435		)	54,348
Corporate notes	50,852		135		(933		)	50,054		19,303		85		(389		)	18,999
	$	538,246	$	427	$	(11,880	)	$	526,793	$	397,333	$	2,851	$	(1,650	)	$	398,534


	December 31, 2017									December 31, 2018
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized (Losses)			Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized (Losses)			Fair Value
Securities available for sale:
State and political subdivisions	$	146,331	$	928	$	(946	)	$	146,313	$	152,293	$	156	$	(3,293	)	$	149,156
Collateralized mortgage obligations ⁽¹⁾	162,631		28		(2,727		)	159,932		161,392		—		(4,388		)	157,004
Mortgage-backed securities ⁽¹⁾	60,956		20		(547		)	60,429		64,813		—		(1,435		)	63,378
Asset-backed securities ⁽²⁾	45,539		8		(352		)	45,195		32,076		2		(175		)	31,903
Trust preferred security	2,134		—		(128		)	2,006		2,153		—		(253		)	1,900
Corporate notes	30,278		331		(265		)	30,344		51,862		124		(1,569		)	50,417
	$	447,869	$	1,315	$	(4,965	)	$	444,219	$	464,589	$	282	$	(11,113	)	$	453,758

Securities held to maturity:
State and political subdivisions	$	45,527	$	460	$	(97	)	$	45,890


(1)	All collateralized mortgage obligations and mortgage-backed securities consist of residential mortgage pass-through securities guaranteed by FHLMC or FNMA, real estate mortgage investment conduits guaranteed by FNMA, FHLMC or GNMA, and commercial mortgage pass-through securities guaranteed by the SBA.


(2)	Pass-through asset-backed securities guaranteed by the ~~SBA, representing participating interests in pools of long-term debentures issued by state and local development companies certified by the~~ SBA.

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the amendments of ASU No. 2017-12 and, as a result, elected to transfer all securities classified as held to maturity to available for sale. At the date of reclassification, the held to maturity securities portfolio was carried at an amortized cost of $45,527. The reclassification of securities between categories was accounted for at fair value. At the date of reclassification, the securities had a fair value of $45,890 and net unrealized holding gains of $273, which were recorded net of tax in other comprehensive income. The transfer enhanced liquidity and increased flexibility with regard to asset-liability management and balance sheet composition.

Investment securities with an amortized cost of approximately $~~142,522~~149,025 and $~~120,338~~126,531 as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017~~2018, respectively, were pledged to secure access to the Federal Reserve discount window, for public fund deposits, and for other purposes as required or permitted by law or regulation.

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Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

The amortized cost and fair value of investment securities available for sale as of June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Certain securities have call features that allow the issuer to call the securities prior to maturity. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities for collateralized mortgage obligations, mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Therefore, collateralized mortgage obligations, mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities are not included in the maturity categories within the following maturity summary.


	June 30, 2018				June 30, 2019
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	19,904	$	19,889	$	2,000	$	2,001
Due after one year through five years	22,887		22,853		4,979		4,981
Due after five years through ten years	86,692		85,373		68,942		68,215
Due after ten years	142,493		139,347		46,770		47,828
	271,976		267,462		122,691		123,025
Collateralized mortgage obligations, mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities	266,270		259,331		274,642		275,509
	$	538,246	$	526,793	$	397,333	$	398,534

The details of the sales of investment securities available for sale for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017~~2018 are summarized in the following table.


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,				Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017		2019		2018		2019		2018
Proceeds from sales	$	9,216	$	44,021	$	9,216	$	53,020	$	83,068	$	9,216	$	145,342	$	9,216
Gross gains on sales	34		291		34		330		698		34		831		34
Gross losses on sales	59		62		59		104		675		59		896		59

1314

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

The following tables show the fair value and gross unrealized losses, aggregated by investment type and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position, as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017.~~2018.


	June 30, 2018															June 30, 2019
	Less than 12 months					12 months or longer					Total					Less than 12 months					12 months or longer					Total
	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized (Losses)			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized (Losses)			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized (Losses)			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized (Losses)			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized (Losses)			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized (Losses)
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Treasuries	$	39,504	$	(31	)	$	—	$	—		$	39,504	$	(31	)
State and political subdivisions	141,075		(3,520		)	8,983		(302		)	150,058		(3,822		)	$	—	$	—		$	3,444	$	(11	)	$	3,444	$	(11	)
Collateralized mortgage obligations	99,125		(2,650		)	55,565		(2,300		)	154,690		(4,950		)	19,157		(193		)	72,037		(492		)	91,194		(685		)
Mortgage-backed securities	46,113		(1,305		)	8,015		(86		)	54,128		(1,391		)	—		—			8,981		(92		)	8,981		(92		)
Asset-backed securities	33,110		(305		)	8,352		(304		)	41,462		(609		)	—		—			14,721		(38		)	14,721		(38		)
Trust preferred security	—		—			2,000		(144		)	2,000		(144		)
Collateralized loan obligations																49,366		(435		)	—		—			49,366		(435		)
Corporate notes	36,823		(745		)	2,312		(188		)	39,135		(933		)	1,974		(30		)	9,640		(359		)	11,614		(389		)
	$	395,750	$	(8,556	)	$	85,227	$	(3,324	)	$	480,977	$	(11,880	)	$	70,497	$	(658	)	$	108,823	$	(992	)	$	179,320	$	(1,650	)


	December 31, 2017															December 31, 2018
	Less than 12 months					12 months or longer					Total					Less than 12 months					12 months or longer					Total
	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized (Losses)			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized (Losses)			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized (Losses)			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized (Losses)			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized (Losses)			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized (Losses)
Securities available for sale:
State and political subdivisions	$	86,750	$	(946	)	$	—	$	—		$	86,750	$	(946	)	$	21,264	$	(221	)	$	102,853	$	(3,072	)	$	124,117	$	(3,293	)
Collateralized mortgage obligations	107,526		(1,583		)	46,396		(1,144		)	153,922		(2,727		)	32,230		(250		)	124,775		(4,138		)	157,005		(4,388		)
Mortgage-backed securities	53,974		(547		)	—		—			53,974		(547		)	10,960		(103		)	51,823		(1,332		)	62,783		(1,435		)
Asset-backed securities	38,652		(352		)	—		—			38,652		(352		)	6,668		(31		)	16,486		(144		)	23,154		(175		)
Trust preferred security	—		—			2,006		(128		)	2,006		(128		)	—		—			1,900		(253		)	1,900		(253		)
Corporate notes	14,735		(265		)	—		—			14,735		(265		)	19,470		(611		)	19,041		(958		)	38,511		(1,569		)
	$	301,637	$	(3,693	)	$	48,402	$	(1,272	)	$	350,039	$	(4,965	)	$	90,592	$	(1,216	)	$	316,878	$	(9,897	)	$	407,470	$	(11,113	)

Securities held to maturity:
State and political subdivisions	$	12,611	$	(70	)	$	1,740	$	(27	)	$	14,351	$	(97	)

As of June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the available for sale securities with unrealized losses included ~~two U.S. Treasuries, 204~~seven state and political subdivision securities, 4427 collateralized mortgage obligation securities, 16three mortgage-backed securities, ~~seven~~four asset-backed securities, ~~one trust preferred security~~eight collateralized loan obligation securities and 15four corporate notes. The Company believed the unrealized losses on ~~investments~~securities available for sale as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 were due to market conditions rather than reduced estimated cash flows. ~~The~~At June 30, 2019, the Company ~~does~~did not intend to sell these securities, ~~does~~did not anticipate that these securities will be required to be sold before anticipated recovery, and ~~expects~~expected full principal and interest to be collected. Therefore, the Company did not consider these ~~investments~~securities to have other than temporary impairment as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019.

1415

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West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

4. Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

Loans consisted of the following segments as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017~~2018.


	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017			June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Commercial	$	326,820		$	347,482		$	398,329		$	358,763
Real estate:
Construction, land and land development	182,681			207,451			243,518			245,810
1-4 family residential first mortgages	49,679			51,044			49,446			49,052
Home equity	13,859			13,811			11,789			14,469
Commercial	956,810			886,114			1,085,282			1,050,025
Consumer and other	6,524			6,363			6,821			6,211
	1,536,373			1,512,265			1,795,185			1,724,330
Net unamortized fees and costs	(1,969		)	(1,765		)	(2,467		)	(2,500		)
	$	1,534,404		$	1,510,500		$	1,792,718		$	1,721,830

Real estate loans of approximately ~~$750,000~~$820,000 and ~~$810,000~~$800,000 were pledged as security for Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) advances as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017~~2018, respectively.

Loans are stated at the principal amounts outstanding, net of unamortized loan fees and costs, with interest income recognized on the interest method based upon the terms of the loan. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the related loan yield using the interest method. Loans are reported by the portfolio segments identified above and are analyzed by management on this basis. All loan policies identified below apply to all segments of the loan portfolio.

Delinquencies are determined based on the payment terms of the individual loan agreements. The accrual of interest on past due and other impaired loans is generally discontinued at 90 days past due or when, in the opinion of management, the borrower may be unable to make all payments pursuant to contractual terms. Unless considered collectible, all interest accrued but not collected for loans that are placed on nonaccrual or charged off is reversed against interest income, if accrued in the current year, or charged to the allowance for loan losses, if accrued in the prior year. Generally, all payments received while a loan is on nonaccrual status are applied to the principal balance of the loan. Loans are returned to accrual status when all principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.

A loan is classified as a troubled debt restructured (TDR) loan when the Company separately concludes that a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and a concession is granted that would not otherwise be considered. Concessions may include a restructuring of the loan terms to alleviate the burden of the borrower's cash requirements, such as an extension of the payment terms beyond the original maturity date or a change in the interest rate charged. TDR loans with extended payment terms are accounted for as impaired until performance is established. A change to the interest rate would change the classification of a loan to a TDR loan if the restructured loan yields a rate that is below a market rate for that of a new loan with comparable risk. TDR loans with below-market rates are considered impaired until fully collected. TDR loans may also be reported as nonaccrual or 90 days past due if they are not performing per the restructured terms.

Based upon its ongoing assessment of credit quality within the loan portfolio, the Company maintains a Watch List, which includes loans classified as Doubtful, Substandard and Watch according to the Company's classification criteria. These loans involve the anticipated potential for payment defaults or collateral inadequacies. A loan on the Watch List is considered impaired when management believes it is probable the Company will be unable to collect all contractual principal and interest payments due in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement. Impaired loans are measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate or, as a practical expedient, at the loan's observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. The amount of impairment, if any, and any subsequent changes are included in the allowance for loan losses.

1516

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

TDR loans totaled ~~$724~~$580 and ~~$220~~$652 as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, respectively, and were included in the nonaccrual category. There were no loan modifications considered to be TDR that occurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019. There was one loan modification considered to be TDR, with a pre- and post-modification recorded investment of $560, that occurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018. ~~There were no loan modifications considered to be TDR that occurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017.~~

No TDR loans that were modified within the twelve months preceding June 30, ~~2018 and~~2019 have subsequently had a payment default. One TDR loan that was modified within the twelve months preceding June 30, ~~2017 have~~2018, with a recorded investment of $529, has subsequently had a payment default. A TDR loan is considered to have a payment default when it is past due 30 days or more.

The following table summarizes the recorded investment in impaired loans by segment, broken down by loans with no related allowance for loan losses and loans with a related allowance and the amount of that allowance as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017.~~2018.


	June 30, 2018						December 31, 2017						June 30, 2019						December 31, 2018
	Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial	$	990	$	990	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	845	$	845	$	—	$	1,014	$	1,014	$	—
Real estate:
Construction, land and land development	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 family residential first mortgages	116		116		—		91		91		—		19		19		—		106		106		—
Home equity	172		172		—		172		172		—		36		36		—		41		41		—
Commercial	724		724		—		220		220		—		580		580		—		652		652		—
Consumer and other	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
	2,002		2,002		—		483		483		—		1,480		1,480		—		1,813		1,813		—
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		15		15		15
Real estate:
Construction, land and land development	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 family residential first mortgages	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Home equity	16		16		16		21		21		21		—		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial	109		109		109		118		118		118		91		91		91		100		100		100
Consumer and other	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
	125		125		125		139		139		139		91		91		91		115		115		115
Total:
Commercial	990		990		—		—		—		—		845		845		—		1,029		1,029		15
Real estate:
Construction, land and land development	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 family residential first mortgages	116		116		—		91		91		—		19		19		—		106		106		—
Home equity	188		188		16		193		193		21		36		36		—		41		41		—
Commercial	833		833		109		338		338		118		671		671		91		752		752		100
Consumer and other	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
	$	2,127	$	2,127	$	125	$	622	$	622	$	139	$	1,571	$	1,571	$	91	$	1,928	$	1,928	$	115

The balance of impaired loans at June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017~~2018 was composed of seven and ~~five~~ten different borrowers, respectively. The Company has no commitments to advance additional funds on any of the impaired loans.

1617

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West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

The following table summarizes the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans by segment for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017.~~2018.


	Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,								Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018				2017				2018				2017				2019				2018				2019				2018
	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial	$	902	$	—	$	35	$	—	$	543	$	—	$	35	$	—	$	906	$	—	$	902	$	—	$	946	$	—	$	543	$	—
Real estate:
Construction, land and land development	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 family residential first mortgages	119		—		101		—		117		—		104		—		40		6		119		—		67		6		117		—
Home equity	172		—		29		—		172		—		34		—		30		2		172		—		34		2		172		—
Commercial	768		—		290		—		529		—		305		—		598		—		768		—		616		—		529		—
Consumer and other	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
	1,961		—		455		—		1,361		—		478		—		1,574		8		1,961		—		1,663		8		1,361		—
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial	—		—		85		—		—		—		87		—		11		—		—		—		6		—		—		—
Real estate:
Construction, land and land development	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 family residential first mortgages	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Home equity	17		—		247		—		18		—		258		—		—		—		17		—		—		—		18		—
Commercial	112		—		130		—		114		—		132		—		93		—		112		—		52		—		114		—
Consumer and other	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
	129		—		462		—		132		—		477		—		104		—		129		—		58		—		132		—
Total:
Commercial	902		—		120		—		543		—		122		—		917		—		902		—		952		—		543		—
Real estate:
Construction, land and land development	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 family residential first mortgages	119		—		101		—		117		—		104		—		40		6		119		—		67		6		117		—
Home equity	189		—		276		—		190		—		292		—		30		2		189		—		34		2		190		—
Commercial	880		—		420		—		643		—		437		—		691		—		880		—		668		—		643		—
Consumer and other	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
	$	2,090	$	—	$	917	$	—	$	1,493	$	—	$	955	$	—	$	1,678	$	8	$	2,090	$	—	$	1,721	$	8	$	1,493	$	—

1718

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

The following tables provide an analysis of the payment status of the recorded investment in loans as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017~~2018.


	June 30, 2018														June 30, 2019
	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days or More Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Nonaccrual Loans		Total Loans		30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days or More Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Nonaccrual Loans		Total Loans
Commercial	$	65	$	—	$	—	$	65	$	325,765	$	990	$	326,820	$	—	$	899	$	—	$	899	$	396,585	$	845	$	398,329
Real estate:
Construction, land and
land development	—		—		—		—		182,681		—		182,681		—		—		—		—		243,518		—		243,518
1-4 family residential
first mortgages	—		—		—		—		49,563		116		49,679		267		—		—		267		49,160		19		49,446
Home equity	30		—		—		30		13,641		188		13,859		—		—		—		—		11,753		36		11,789
Commercial	—		—		—		—		955,977		833		956,810		—		—		—		—		1,084,611		671		1,085,282
Consumer and other	—		—		—		—		6,524		—		6,524		—		—		—		—		6,821		—		6,821
Total	$	95	$	—	$	—	$	95	$	1,534,151	$	2,127	$	1,536,373	$	267	$	899	$	—	$	1,166	$	1,792,448	$	1,571	$	1,795,185


	December 31, 2017														December 31, 2018
	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days or More Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Nonaccrual Loans		Total Loans		30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days or More Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Nonaccrual Loans		Total Loans
Commercial	$	40	$	20	$	—	$	60	$	347,422	$	—	$	347,482	$	54	$	—	$	—	$	54	$	357,680	$	1,029	$	358,763
Real estate:
Construction, land and
land development	—		—		—		—		207,451		—		207,451		—		—		—		—		245,810		—		245,810
1-4 family residential
first mortgages	—		75		—		75		50,878		91		51,044		157		—		—		157		48,789		106		49,052
Home equity	—		—		—		—		13,618		193		13,811		—		—		—		—		14,428		41		14,469
Commercial	—		—		—		—		885,776		338		886,114		—		—		—		—		1,049,273		752		1,050,025
Consumer and other	—		—		—		—		6,363		—		6,363		—		—		—		—		6,211		—		6,211
Total	$	40	$	95	$	—	$	135	$	1,511,508	$	622	$	1,512,265	$	211	$	—	$	—	$	211	$	1,722,191	$	1,928	$	1,724,330

1819

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

The following tables present the recorded investment in loans by credit quality indicator and loan segment as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017.~~2018.


	June 30, 2018										June 30, 2019
	Pass		Watch		Substandard		Doubtful		Total		Pass		Watch		Substandard		Doubtful		Total
Commercial	$	321,507	$	3,307	$	2,006	$	—	$	326,820	$	376,605	$	19,944	$	1,780	$	—	$	398,329
Real estate:
Construction, land and land development	181,452		1,229		—		—		182,681		243,518		—		—		—		243,518
1-4 family residential first mortgages	48,692		791		196		—		49,679		48,320		1,049		77		—		49,446
Home equity	13,491		80		288		—		13,859		11,712		41		36		—		11,789
Commercial	928,223		19,374		9,213		—		956,810		1,055,112		28,151		2,019		—		1,085,282
Consumer and other	6,493		—		31		—		6,524		6,821		—		—		—		6,821
Total	$	1,499,858	$	24,781	$	11,734	$	—	$	1,536,373	$	1,742,088	$	49,185	$	3,912	$	—	$	1,795,185


	December 31, 2017										December 31, 2018
	Pass		Watch		Substandard		Doubtful		Total		Pass		Watch		Substandard		Doubtful		Total
Commercial	$	344,586	$	901	$	1,995	$	—	$	347,482	$	336,861	$	19,886	$	2,016	$	—	$	358,763
Real estate:
Construction, land and land development	206,719		732		—		—		207,451		245,810		—		—		—		245,810
1-4 family residential first mortgages	49,905		890		249		—		51,044		47,923		963		166		—		49,052
Home equity	13,466		54		291		—		13,811		14,352		46		71		—		14,469
Commercial	856,789		20,574		8,751		—		886,114		1,019,256		29,063		1,706		—		1,050,025
Consumer and other	6,327		36		—		—		6,363		6,186		—		25		—		6,211
Total	$	1,477,792	$	23,187	$	11,286	$	—	$	1,512,265	$	1,670,388	$	49,958	$	3,984	$	—	$	1,724,330

All loans are subject to the assessment of a credit quality indicator. Risk ratings are assigned for each loan at the time of approval, and they change as circumstances dictate during the term of the loan. The Company utilizes a 9-point risk rating scale as shown below, with ratings 1 - 5 included in the Pass column, rating 6 included in the Watch column, ratings 7 - 8 included in the Substandard column and rating 9 included in the Doubtful column. All loans classified as impaired that are included in the specific evaluation of the allowance for loan losses are included in the Substandard column along with all other loans with ratings of 7 - 8.

Risk rating 1: The loan is secured by cash equivalent collateral.

Risk rating 2: The loan is secured by properly margined marketable securities, bonds or cash surrender value of life insurance.

Risk rating 3: The borrower is in strong financial condition and has strong debt service capacity. The loan is performing as agreed, and the financial characteristics and trends of the borrower exceed industry statistics.

Risk rating 4: The borrower's financial condition is satisfactory and stable. The borrower has satisfactory debt service capacity, and the loan is well secured. The loan is performing as agreed, and the financial characteristics and trends fall in line with industry statistics.

Risk rating 5: The borrower's financial condition is less than satisfactory. The loan is still generally paying as agreed, but strained cash flows may cause some slowness in payments. The collateral values adequately preclude loss on the loan. Financial characteristics and trends lag industry statistics. There may be noncompliance with loan covenants.

Risk rating 6: The borrower's financial condition is deficient. Payment delinquencies may be more common. Collateral values still protect from loss, but margins are narrow. The loan may be reliant on secondary sources of repayment, including liquidation of collateral and guarantor support.

1920

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

Risk rating 7: The loan is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Well-defined weaknesses exist that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. The Company is inadequately protected by the valuation or paying capacity of the collateral pledged. If deficiencies are not corrected, there is a distinct possibility that a loss will be sustained.

Risk rating 8: All the characteristics of rating 7 exist with the added condition that the loan is past due more than 90 days or there is reason to believe the Company will not receive its principal and interest according to the terms of the loan agreement.

Risk rating 9: All the weaknesses inherent in risk ratings 7 and 8 exist with the added condition that collection or liquidation, on the basis of currently known facts, conditions and values, is highly questionable and improbable. A loan reaching this category would most likely be charged off.

Credit quality indicators for all loans and the Company's risk rating process are dynamic and updated on a continuous basis. Risk ratings are updated as circumstances that could affect the repayment of an individual loan are brought to management's attention through an established monitoring process. Individual lenders initiate changes as appropriate for ratings 1 through 5, and changes for ratings 6 through 9 are initiated via communications with management. The likelihood of loss increases as the risk rating increases and is generally preceded by a loan appearing on the Watch List, which consists of all loans with a risk rating of 6 or worse. Written action plans with firm target dates for resolution of identified problems are maintained and reviewed on a quarterly basis for all segments of loans included on the Watch List.

In addition to the Company's internal credit monitoring practices and procedures, an outsourced independent credit review function is in place to further assess assigned internal risk classifications and monitor compliance with internal lending policies and procedures.

In all portfolio segments, the primary risks are that a borrower's income stream diminishes to the point that the borrower is not able to make scheduled principal and interest payments and any collateral securing the loan declines in value. The risk of declining collateral values is present for most types of loans.

Commercial loans consist primarily of loans to businesses for various purposes, including revolving lines to finance current operations, inventory and accounts receivable, and capital expenditure loans to finance equipment and other fixed assets. These loans generally have short maturities, have either adjustable or fixed interest rates, and are either unsecured or secured by inventory, accounts receivable and/or fixed assets. For commercial loans, the primary source of repayment is from the operation of the business.

Real estate loans include various types of loans for which the Company holds real property as collateral, and consist of loans on commercial properties and single and multifamily residences. Real estate loans are typically structured to mature or reprice every five to ten years with payments based on amortization periods up to 30 years. The majority of construction loans are to contractors and developers for construction of commercial buildings or residential real estate. These loans typically have maturities of up to 24 months. The Company's loan policy includes minimum appraisal and other credit guidelines.

Consumer loans include loans extended to individuals for household, family and other personal expenditures not secured by real estate. The majority of the Company's consumer lending is for vehicles, consolidation of personal debts and household improvements. The repayment source for consumer loans, including 1-4 family residential and home equity loans, is typically wages.

The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses charged to expense. The allowance is an amount that management believes will be adequate to absorb probable losses on existing loans based on an evaluation of the collectability of loans and prior loss experience. This evaluation also takes into consideration such factors as changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, overall portfolio quality, the review of specific problem loans, and the current economic conditions that may affect the borrower's ability to pay. Loans are charged-off against the allowance for loan losses when management believes that collectability of the principal is unlikely. While management uses the best information available to make its evaluations, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary if there are significant changes in economic conditions or the other factors relied upon.

2021

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

The allowance for loan losses consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that meet the definition of impaired. The general component covers the remaining loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative factors such as delinquency trends, loan growth, economic elements and local market conditions. These same policies are applied to all segments of loans. In addition, regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination processes, periodically review the Company's allowance for loan losses, and may require the Company to make additions to the allowance based on their judgment about information available to them at the time of their examinations.

The following tables detail the changes in the allowance for loan losses by segment for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017.~~2018.


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018																					Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
				Real Estate																					Real Estate
	Commercial			Construction and Land			1-4 Family Residential			Home Equity			Commercial			Consumer and Other			Total			Commercial			Construction and Land			1-4 Family Residential			Home Equity			Commercial			Consumer and Other			Total
Beginning balance	$	3,582		$	1,853		$	320		$	186		$	10,442		$	82		$	16,465		$	3,528		$	2,597		$	236		$	162		$	10,129		$	85		$	16,737
Charge-offs	(13		)	—			—			—			—			—			(13		)	(55		)	—			—			—			—			—			(55		)
Recoveries	51			—			3			5			4			3			66			38			—			6			3			2			6			55
Provision ⁽¹⁾	53			58			(19		)	(9		)	(77		)	(6		)	—			221			(311		)	(20		)	(26		)	144			(8		)	—
Ending balance	$	3,673		$	1,911		$	304		$	182		$	10,369		$	79		$	16,518		$	3,732		$	2,286		$	222		$	139		$	10,275		$	83		$	16,737

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2017																					Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
				Real Estate																					Real Estate
	Commercial			Construction and Land			1-4 Family Residential			Home Equity			Commercial			Consumer and Other			Total			Commercial			Construction and Land			1-4 Family Residential			Home Equity			Commercial			Consumer and Other			Total
Beginning balance	$	3,800		$	2,914		$	315		$	447		$	8,848		$	103		$	16,427		$	3,582		$	1,853		$	320		$	186		$	10,442		$	82		$	16,465
Charge-offs	(133		)	—			—			—			—			—			(133		)	(13		)	—			—			—			—			—			(13		)
Recoveries	81			95			1			7			3			5			192			51			—			3			5			4			3			66
Provision ⁽¹⁾	54			(457		)	34			(82		)	456			(5		)	—			53			58			(19		)	(9		)	(77		)	(6		)	—
Ending balance	$	3,802		$	2,552		$	350		$	372		$	9,307		$	103		$	16,486		$	3,673		$	1,911		$	304		$	182		$	10,369		$	79		$	16,518

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2018																					Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
				Real Estate																					Real Estate
	Commercial			Construction and Land			1-4 Family Residential			Home Equity			Commercial			Consumer and Other			Total			Commercial			Construction and Land			1-4 Family Residential			Home Equity			Commercial			Consumer and Other			Total
Beginning balance	$	3,866		$	2,213		$	319		$	186		$	9,770		$	76		$	16,430		$	3,508		$	2,384		$	250		$	171		$	10,301		$	75		$	16,689
Charge-offs	(208		)	—			—			(1		)	—			—			(209		)	(55		)	—			—			—			—			—			(55		)
Recoveries	110			—			7			11			7			12			147			59			—			9			23			6			6			103
Provision ⁽¹⁾	(95		)	(302		)	(22		)	(14		)	592			(9		)	150			220			(98		)	(37		)	(55		)	(32		)	2			—
Ending balance	$	3,673		$	1,911		$	304		$	182		$	10,369		$	79		$	16,518		$	3,732		$	2,286		$	222		$	139		$	10,275		$	83		$	16,737

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2017																					Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
				Real Estate																					Real Estate
	Commercial			Construction and Land			1-4 Family Residential			Home Equity			Commercial			Consumer and Other			Total			Commercial			Construction and Land			1-4 Family Residential			Home Equity			Commercial			Consumer and Other			Total
Beginning balance	$	3,881		$	2,639		$	317		$	478		$	8,697		$	100		$	16,112		$	3,866		$	2,213		$	319		$	186		$	9,770		$	76		$	16,430
Charge-offs	(193		)	—			—			—			—			—			(193		)	(208		)	—			—			(1		)	—			—			(209		)
Recoveries	140			398			2			15			6			6			567			110			—			7			11			7			12			147
Provision ⁽¹⁾	(26		)	(485		)	31			(121		)	604			(3		)	—			(95		)	(302		)	(22		)	(14		)	592			(9		)	150
Ending balance	$	3,802		$	2,552		$	350		$	372		$	9,307		$	103		$	16,486		$	3,673		$	1,911		$	304		$	182		$	10,369		$	79		$	16,518


(1)	The negative provisions for the various segments are related to the decline in outstanding balances in each of those portfolio segments during the time periods disclosed and/or improvement in the credit quality factors related to those portfolio segments.

2122

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

The following tables present a breakdown of the allowance for loan losses disaggregated on the basis of impairment analysis method by segment as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017.~~2018.


	June 30, 2018														June 30, 2019
			Real Estate														Real Estate
	Commercial		Construction and Land		1-4 Family Residential		Home Equity		Commercial		Consumer and Other		Total		Commercial		Construction and Land		1-4 Family Residential		Home Equity		Commercial		Consumer and Other		Total
Ending balance:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	16	$	109	$	—	$	125	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	91	$	—	$	91
Collectively evaluated for impairment	3,673		1,911		304		166		10,260		79		16,393		3,732		2,286		222		139		10,184		83		16,646
Total	$	3,673	$	1,911	$	304	$	182	$	10,369	$	79	$	16,518	$	3,732	$	2,286	$	222	$	139	$	10,275	$	83	$	16,737

	December 31, 2017														December 31, 2018
			Real Estate														Real Estate
	Commercial		Construction and Land		1-4 Family Residential		Home Equity		Commercial		Consumer and Other		Total		Commercial		Construction and Land		1-4 Family Residential		Home Equity		Commercial		Consumer and Other		Total
Ending balance:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	21	$	118	$	—	$	139	$	15	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	100	$	—	$	115
Collectively evaluated for impairment	3,866		2,213		319		165		9,652		76		16,291		3,493		2,384		250		171		10,201		75		16,574
Total	$	3,866	$	2,213	$	319	$	186	$	9,770	$	76	$	16,430	$	3,508	$	2,384	$	250	$	171	$	10,301	$	75	$	16,689

The following tables present the recorded investment in loans, exclusive of unamortized fees and costs, disaggregated on the basis of impairment analysis method by segment as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017~~2018.


	June 30, 2018														June 30, 2019
			Real Estate														Real Estate
	Commercial		Construction and Land		1-4 Family Residential		Home Equity		Commercial		Consumer and Other		Total		Commercial		Construction and Land		1-4 Family Residential		Home Equity		Commercial		Consumer and Other		Total
Ending balance:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	990	$	—	$	116	$	188	$	833	$	—	$	2,127	$	845	$	—	$	19	$	36	$	671	$	—	$	1,571
Collectively evaluated for impairment	325,830		182,681		49,563		13,671		955,977		6,524		1,534,246		397,484		243,518		49,427		11,753		1,084,611		6,821		1,793,614
Total	$	326,820	$	182,681	$	49,679	$	13,859	$	956,810	$	6,524	$	1,536,373	$	398,329	$	243,518	$	49,446	$	11,789	$	1,085,282	$	6,821	$	1,795,185


	December 31, 2017														December 31, 2018
			Real Estate														Real Estate
	Commercial		Construction and Land		1-4 Family Residential		Home Equity		Commercial		Consumer and Other		Total		Commercial		Construction and Land		1-4 Family Residential		Home Equity		Commercial		Consumer and Other		Total
Ending balance:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	—	$	—	$	91	$	193	$	338	$	—	$	622	$	1,029	$	—	$	106	$	41	$	752	$	—	$	1,928
Collectively evaluated for impairment	347,482		207,451		50,953		13,618		885,776		6,363		1,511,643		357,734		245,810		48,946		14,428		1,049,273		6,211		1,722,402
Total	$	347,482	$	207,451	$	51,044	$	13,811	$	886,114	$	6,363	$	1,512,265	$	358,763	$	245,810	$	49,052	$	14,469	$	1,050,025	$	6,211	$	1,724,330

2223

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

5. Derivatives

The Company has entered into various interest rate swaps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. The Company uses interest rate swap agreements to manage ~~the interest rate risk related~~its exposures to the variability in interest payments due to ~~changes~~interest rate movements. The interest rate swaps involve the receipt of variable amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed payments. The Company has three interest ~~rates. The~~rate swaps hedging the variable interest payments on certain borrowings and customer deposits. In the first half of 2019, the Company entered into ~~two forward-starting~~four additional interest rate ~~swap transactions~~swaps to ~~effectively convert variable~~hedge the interest payments of rolling fixed-rate one or three-month funding consisting of FHLB advances or brokered deposits. The interest rate ~~debt instruments to fixed rate instruments. These two swap transactions~~swaps are designated as cash flow hedges of the changes in LIBOR, the benchmark interest rate being hedged, associated with the interest payments on $50,000 of debt instruments. In January 2018, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement that effectively converts certain customer deposits with variable rates based on the federal funds upper target rate to fixed rate instruments. This swap transaction has a notional amount of $60,000 with a forward-starting date in December 2018 and is designated as a cash flow hedge of the risk of changes in total cash flows paid on certain customer deposits. hedges.

The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by counterparties to the interest rate swaps, which is minimized by collateral-pledging provisions in the agreements. Derivative contracts are executed with a Credit Support Annex, which is a bilateral ratings-sensitive agreement that requires collateral postings at established credit threshold levels. These agreements protect the interests of the Company and its counterparties should either party suffer a credit rating deterioration. As of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, the Company pledged $0$5,650 and ~~$210,~~$0, respectively, of collateral to the counterparty in the form of cash on deposit with a third party. The Company's counterparty was required to pledge ~~$3,160~~$120 and ~~$980~~$2,410 at June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, respectively. The Company estimates there will be approximately ~~$37 of cash receipts and reclassification~~$398 reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to interest expense through the 12 months ending June 30, ~~2019.~~2020. Interest rate swaps with a total notional amount of $70,000 were terminated in 2015, subject to termination fees totaling $541. The termination fees are being reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to interest expense over the remaining life of the underlying cash flows through June 2020. ~~Approximately $95 of termination fees will be reclassified to interest expense through the 12 months ended June 30, 2019.~~

The table below identifies the balance sheet category and fair values of the Company's derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017.~~2018.

Notional
Amount
Fair Value
Balance Sheet
Category
Weighted Average Receive Rate Weighted Average Pay Rate Maturity
June 30, 2018
Interest rate swap $ 30,000
$ 360
Other Assets 2.64 % 2.52 % 9/21/2020
Interest rate swap⁽¹⁾
20,000
1,625
Other Assets —
4.81 % 9/30/2026
Interest rate swap⁽²⁾
60,000
1,408
Other Assets —
2.31 % 12/31/2025
December 31, 2017
Interest rate swap $ 30,000
$ (86 ) Other Liabilities 1.95 % 2.52 % 9/21/2020
Interest rate swap⁽¹⁾
20,000
895
Other Assets —
4.81 % 9/30/2026


~~(1)~~	~~This swap is a forward-starting swap with a weighted average pay rate of 4.81 percent beginning September 30, 2018. No interest payments are required related to this swap until December 30, 2018.~~


~~(2)~~	~~This swap is a forward-starting swap with a weighted average pay rate of 2.31 percent beginning December 31, 2018. No interest payments are required related to this swap until January 31, 2019.~~



	Notional Amount		Fair Value			Balance Sheet Category	Receive Floating Rate		Pay Fixed Rate		Maturity
June 30, 2019
Interest rate swap	$	30,000	$	(109	)	Other Liabilities	2.70	%	2.52	%	9/21/2020
Interest rate swap	20,000		29			Other Assets	5.37	%	4.81	%	9/30/2026
Interest rate swap	60,000		(2,389		)	Other Liabilities	2.49	%	2.31	%	12/31/2025
Interest rate swap	25,000		(965		)	Other Liabilities	2.55	%	2.57	%	2/8/2024
Interest rate swap	25,000		(1,328		)	Other Liabilities	2.58	%	2.62	%	1/8/2026
Interest rate swap	25,000		(354		)	Other Liabilities	2.41	%	1.93	%	6/10/2027
Interest rate swap	25,000		(441		)	Other Liabilities	2.41	%	2.01	%	6/10/2029
December 31, 2018
Interest rate swap	$	30,000	$	221		Other Assets	3.10	%	2.52	%	9/21/2020
Interest rate swap	20,000		1,199			Other Assets	5.58	%	4.81	%	9/30/2026
Interest rate swap	60,000		443			Other Assets	2.50	%	2.31	%	12/31/2025

The following table identifies the pre-tax gains or losses recognized on the Company's derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges for the six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017.~~2018.

Reclassified from AOCI into Income
Amount of Pre-tax Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI
Amount of Loss
Six Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2018 2017 Category 2018 2017
Interest rate swaps $ 2,548
(347 ) Interest Expense $ (82 ) (223 )



						Reclassified from AOCI into Income
	Amount of Pre-tax Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI					Reclassified from AOCI into Income
	Amount of Pre-tax Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI						Amount of Gain (Loss)
	Six Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018		Category	2019		2018
Interest rate swaps	$	(7,170	)	$	2,548	Interest Expense	$	204	$	(82	)

2324

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

6. Income Taxes

On December 22, 2017, Public Law 115-97, commonly known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (Tax Act), was signed into law. The Tax Act reduced the federal corporate income tax rate from the previous maximum rate of 35 percent to 21 percent. The lower federal corporate income tax rate became effective for the Company on January 1, 2018. The enactment of the legislation and the reduction in the federal income tax rate resulted in a revaluation of deferred tax assets and liabilities in December 2017.

Net deferred tax assets consisted of the following as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017~~2018.


	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017			June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Deferred tax assets:
Allowance for loan losses	$	4,129		$	4,108		$	4,184		$	4,172
Net unrealized losses on securities available for sale	2,864			902			—			2,708
Intangibles	—			101
Net unrealized losses on interest rate swaps							1,412			—
Lease liability							2,449			—
Accrued expenses	260			176			186			346
Restricted stock compensation	335			544			440			704
State net operating loss carryforward	1,458			1,379			1,075			1,021
Capital loss carryforward							3			—
Other	76			86			62			67
	9,122			7,296			9,811			9,018
Deferred tax liabilities:
Right-of-use asset							2,390			—
Net deferred loan fees and costs	186			193			185			183
Net unrealized gains on securities available for sale							300			—
Net unrealized gains on interest rate swaps	798			139			—			429
Premises and equipment	711			792			757			694
Other	143			148			200			173
	1,838			1,272			3,832			1,479
Net deferred tax assets before valuation allowance	7,284			6,024			5,979			7,539
Valuation allowance	(1,458		)	(1,379		)	(1,078		)	(1,021		)
Net deferred tax assets	$	5,826		$	4,645		$	4,901		$	6,518

The Company has recorded a valuation allowance against the tax effect of capital loss and state net operating loss carryforwards, as management believes it is more likely than not that these carryforwards will expire without being utilized. The state net operating loss carryforwards expire in ~~2019~~2020 and thereafter. The capital loss carryforward expires in 2022.

2425

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

7. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table summarizes the changes in the balances of each component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, for the six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017.~~

2018.


	Unrealized			Unrealized			Accumulated			Unrealized			Unrealized			Accumulated
	Gains			Gains			Other			Gains			Gains			Other
	(Losses) on			(Losses) on			Comprehensive			(Losses) on			(Losses) on			Comprehensive
	Securities			Derivatives			Income (Loss)			Securities			Derivatives			Income (Loss)
Balance, December 31, 2016	$	(1,172	)	$	130		$	(1,042	)
Balance, December 31, 2018										$	(8,123	)	$	1,309		$	(6,814	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	2,372			(215		)	2,157			8,975			(5,378		)	3,597
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	(265		)	138			(127		)	49			(155		)	(106		)
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)	2,107			(77		)	2,030			9,024			(5,533		)	3,491
Balance, June 30, 2017	$	935		$	53		$	988
Balance, June 30, 2019										$	901		$	(4,224	)	$	(3,323	)

Balance, December 31, 2017	$	(2,237	)	$	345		$	(1,892	)	$	(2,237	)	$	345		$	(1,892	)
Transfer of securities held to maturity to securities available for sale	273			—			273			273			—			273
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(6,143		)	1,911			(4,232		)	(6,143		)	1,911			(4,232		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	(7		)	60			53			(7		)	60			53
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)	(5,877		)	1,971			(3,906		)	(5,877		)	1,971			(3,906		)
Reclassification of stranded tax effects	(475		)	105			(370		)	(475		)	105			(370		)
Balance, June 30, 2018	$	(8,589	)	$	2,421		$	(6,168	)	$	(8,589	)	$	2,421		$	(6,168	)

8. Commitments and Contingencies

Financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk: The Company is party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company's exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations that it uses for on-balance-sheet instruments. The Company's commitments consisted of the following approximate amounts as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017.~~2018.


	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017		June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Commitments to extend credit	$	657,434	$	617,949	$	650,001	$	641,581
Standby letters of credit	4,848		5,996		7,126		6,631
	$	662,282	$	623,945	$	657,127	$	648,212

West Bank previously executed Mortgage Partnership Finance (MPF) Master Commitments (Commitments) with the FHLB of Des Moines to deliver residential mortgage loans and to guarantee the payment of any realized losses that exceed the FHLB's first loss account for mortgages delivered under the Commitments. West Bank receives credit enhancement fees from the FHLB for providing this guarantee and continuing to assist with managing the credit risk of the MPF Program residential mortgage loans. ~~At June 30, 2018, the liability represented by the present value of the credit enhancement fees less any expected losses in the mortgages delivered under the Commitments was approximately $41.~~ The outstanding balance of mortgage loans sold under the MPF Program was ~~$86,651~~$71,797 and ~~$94,292~~$78,024 at June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, respectively.

Contractual commitments: The Company had remaining commitments to invest in qualified affordable housing projects totaling ~~$4,707~~$2,241 and ~~$6,130~~$4,421 as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, respectively.

Contingencies: Neither the Company nor West Bank is a party, and no property of these entities is subject, to any material pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to West Bank's business. The Company does not know of any proceeding contemplated by a governmental authority against the Company or West Bank.

2526

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

9. Leases

Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) and all subsequent ASUs that modified Topic 842. The Company leases real estate for its main office, nine branch offices and office space for operations departments under various operating lease agreements. The lease agreements have maturity dates ranging from May 2021 to February 2033, some of which include options to renew at the Company's discretion. If at lease inception, the Company considers the exercising of a renewal option to be reasonably certain, the Company will include the extended term in the measurement of the right-of-use asset and lease liability. The weighted average remaining life of the term of these leases was 8.0 years as of June 30, 2019.

The discount rate used in determining the lease liability for each individual lease was the FHLB fixed advance rate which corresponded with the remaining lease term as of January 1, 2019 for leases that existed at adoption and as of the lease commencement date for leases subsequently entered in to. The weighted average discount rate used in the measurement of the operating lease liability was 3.15% as of June 30, 2019.

The total operating lease costs were $411 and $793 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. The right-of-use asset and lease liability were $9,558 and $9,794 as of June 30, 2019, respectively.

Total estimated rental commitments for the operating leases were as follows as of June 30, 2019.



2019	$	841
2020	1,681
2021	1,627
2022	1,583
2023	1,565
Thereafter	3,882
Total lease payments	11,179
Less: interest	(1,385		)
Present value of lease liability	$	9,794

9.10. Fair Value Measurements

Accounting guidance on fair value measurements and disclosures defines fair value and establishes a framework for measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities using a hierarchy system. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants in the market in which the reporting entity transacts business.

The Company's balance sheet contains investment securities available for sale and derivative instruments that are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. The three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value is as follows:

Level 1 uses quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 uses observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data.

Level 3 uses unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

The Company's policy is to recognize transfers between ~~Levels~~levels at the end of each reporting period, if applicable. There were no transfers between ~~Levels~~levels of the fair value hierarchy during the six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019.

The following is a description of valuation methodologies used for financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.

Investment securities available for sale: When available, quoted market prices are used to determine the fair value of investment securities (Level 1). If quoted market prices are not available, the Company determines fair value based on various sources and may apply matrix pricing with observable prices for similar bonds where a price for the identical bond is not observable (Level 2). The fair values of these securities are determined by pricing models that consider observable market data such as interest rate volatilities, LIBOR yield curve, credit spreads, prices from market makers and live trading systems. For the corporate bond portfolio, the Company has elected to use a matrix pricing model as a practical expedient to individual quoted market prices.

Generally, management obtains the fair value of investment securities at the end of each reporting period via a third-party pricing service. Management reviewed the valuation process used by the third party and believed ~~that~~the process was valid. On a quarterly basis, management corroborates the fair values of a randomly selected sample of investment securities by obtaining pricing from an independent ~~investment portfolio management firm~~financial market data vendor and comparing the two sets of fair values. Any significant variances are reviewed and investigated. For a sample of securities, prices are further validated by management ~~with assistance from an independent investment portfolio management firm,~~ by obtaining details of the inputs used by the pricing service. Those inputs were independently tested, and management concluded the fair values were consistent with GAAP requirements and the investment securities were properly classified in the fair value hierarchy.

Derivative instruments: The Company's derivative instruments consist of interest rate swaps, which are accounted for as cash flow hedges. The Company's derivative positions are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and are valued using models generally accepted in the financial services industry and that use actively quoted or observable market input values from external market data providers and/or non-binding broker-dealer quotations. The fair value of the derivatives is determined using discounted cash flow models. These models’ key assumptions include the contractual terms of the respective contract along with significant observable inputs, including interest rates, yield curves, nonperformance risk and volatility.

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West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

The following tables present the balances of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017.~~2018.


	June 30, 2018								June 30, 2019
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial assets:
Investment securities available for sale:
U.S. Treasuries	$	39,504	$	39,504	$	—	$	—
State and political subdivisions	175,904		—		175,904		—		$	49,678	$	—	$	49,678	$	—
Collateralized mortgage obligations	162,839		—		162,839		—		195,183		—		195,183		—
Mortgage-backed securities	55,030		—		55,030		—		55,871		—		55,871		—
Asset-backed securities	41,462		—		41,462		—		24,455		—		24,455		—
Trust preferred security	2,000		—		2,000		—
Collateralized loan obligations									54,348		—		54,348		—
Corporate notes	50,054		—		50,054		—		18,999		—		18,999		—
Derivative instruments, interest rate swaps	3,393		—		3,393		—		29		—		29		—

Financial liabilities:
Derivative instruments, interest rate swaps									$	5,586	$	—	$	5,586	$	—


	December 31, 2017								December 31, 2018
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial assets:
Investment securities available for sale:
State and political subdivisions	$	146,313	$	—	$	146,313	$	—	$	149,156	$	—	$	149,156	$	—
Collateralized mortgage obligations	159,932		—		159,932		—		157,004		—		157,004		—
Mortgage-backed securities	60,429		—		60,429		—		63,378		—		63,378		—
Asset-backed securities	45,195		—		45,195		—		31,903		—		31,903		—
Trust preferred security	2,006		—		2,006		—		1,900		—		1,900		—
Corporate notes	30,344		—		30,344		—		50,417		—		50,417		—
Derivative instrument, interest rate swap	895		—		895		—		1,863		—		1,863		—

Financial liabilities:
Derivative instrument, interest rate swap	$	86	$	—	$	86	$	—

Certain assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. That is, they are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment). As of both June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, impaired loans ~~for which~~with a fair value adjustment ~~was recorded were recorded at~~had a net book value of $0. Impaired loans are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy and are evaluated and valued at the lower of cost or fair value when the loan is identified as impaired. Fair value is measured based on the value of the collateral securing these loans. The types of collateral vary widely and could include accounts receivables, inventory, a variety of equipment and real estate. Evaluations of the underlying assets are completed for each impaired loan with a specific reserve. Collateral evaluations are reviewed and discounted as appropriate based on knowledge of the specific type of collateral. In the case of real estate, an independent appraisal may be obtained. Types of discounts considered include aging of receivables, condition of the collateral, potential market for the collateral and estimated disposal costs. These discounts will vary from loan to loan and may be discounted based on management's opinions concerning market developments or the client's business.

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West Bancorporation, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

GAAP requires disclosure of the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities, including those that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis. The following table presents the carrying amounts and approximate fair values of financial assets and liabilities as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017~~2018.


		June 30, 2018				December 31, 2017					June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
	Fair Value Hierarchy Level	Carrying Amount		Approximate Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Approximate Fair Value		Fair Value Hierarchy Level	Carrying Amount		Approximate Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Approximate Fair Value
Financial assets:
Cash and due from banks	Level 1	$	36,964	$	36,964	$	34,952	$	34,952	Level 1	$	45,286	$	45,286	$	46,369	$	46,369
Federal funds sold	Level 1	28,139		28,139		12,997		12,997		Level 1	47,278		47,278		1,105		1,105
Investment securities available for sale	See previous table	526,793		526,793		444,219		444,219		Level 2	398,534		398,534		453,758		453,758
Investment securities held to maturity	Level 2	—		—		45,527		45,890
Federal Home Loan Bank stock	Level 1	9,202		9,202		9,174		9,174		Level 1	10,826		10,826		12,037		12,037
Loans, net	Level 2	1,517,886		1,495,204		1,494,070		1,490,166		Level 2	1,775,981		1,792,335		1,705,141		1,688,700
Accrued interest receivable	Level 1	7,864		7,864		7,344		7,344		Level 1	7,937		7,937		7,631		7,631
Interest rate swaps	Level 2	3,393		3,393		895		895		Level 2	29		29		1,863		1,863
Financial liabilities:
Deposits	Level 2	$	1,891,929	$	1,891,198	$	1,810,813	$	1,810,924	Level 2	$	1,965,787	$	1,966,304	$	1,894,529	$	1,893,621
Federal funds purchased	Level 1	860		860		545		545		Level 1	2,280		2,280		19,985		19,985
Subordinated notes, net	Level 2	20,418		15,141		20,412		15,357		Level 2	20,432		16,894		20,425		15,498
Federal Home Loan Bank advances, net	Level 2	77,124		77,124		76,382		76,382		Level 2	128,621		128,621		137,878		137,878
Long-term debt	Level 2	19,611		19,562		22,917		22,860		Level 2	22,982		22,954		27,040		27,000
Accrued interest payable	Level 1	831		831		736		736		Level 1	1,729		1,729		1,317		1,317
Interest rate swap	Level 2	—		—		86		86
Interest rate swaps										Level 2	5,586		5,586		—		—
Off-balance-sheet financial instruments:
Commitments to extend credit	Level 3	—		—		—		—		Level 3	—		—		—		—
Standby letters of credit	Level 3	—		—		—		—		Level 3	—		—		—		—

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West Bancorporation, Inc.

Management's Discussion and Analysis

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

"SAFE HARBOR" CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements in this report, other than purely historical information, including estimates, projections, statements relating to the Company’s business plans, objectives and expected operating results, and the assumptions upon which those statements are based, are “forward-looking statements” within the meanings of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). Forward-looking statements may appear throughout this report. These forward-looking statements are generally identified by the words “believes,” “expects,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “projects,” “future,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “strategy,” “plan,” “opportunity,” “will be,” “will likely result,” “will continue” or similar references, or references to estimates, predictions or future events. Such forward-looking statements are based upon certain underlying assumptions, risks and uncertainties. Because of the possibility that the underlying assumptions are incorrect or do not materialize as expected in the future, actual results could differ materially from these forward-looking statements. Risks and uncertainties that may affect future results include: interest rate risk; competitive pressures; pricing pressures on loans and deposits; changes in credit and other risks posed by the Company’s loan and investment portfolios, including declines in commercial or residential real estate values or changes in the allowance for loan losses dictated by new market conditions or regulatory requirements; actions of bank and nonbank competitors; changes in local, national and international economic conditions; changes in legal and regulatory requirements, limitations and costs; changes in customers’ acceptance of the Company’s products and services; cyber-attacks; unexpected outcomes of existing or new litigation involving the Company; the monetary, trade and other regulatory policies of the U.S. government; and any other risks described in the “Risk Factors” sections of other reports filed by the Company with the SEC. The Company undertakes no obligation to revise or update such forward-looking statements to reflect current or future events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The discussion and analysis of the Company's financial condition and results of operations are based upon the Company's consolidated financial statements that have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of the Company's financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. These estimates are based upon historical experience and on various other assumptions that management believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. The estimates and judgments that management believes involve the most complex and subjective estimates and judgments and have the most effect on the Company's reported financial position and results of operations are described as critical accounting policies in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, as filed with the SEC on ~~March 1, 2018.~~February 28, 2019. There have been no significant changes in the critical accounting policies or the assumptions and judgments utilized in applying these policies since the year ended December 31, ~~2017.~~2018.

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West Bancorporation, Inc.

Management's Discussion and Analysis

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

This report contains references to financial measures that are not defined in GAAP. Such non-GAAP financial measures include the Company’s presentation of net interest income and net interest margin on a fully taxable equivalent (FTE) basis, and the presentation of the efficiency ratio on an adjusted and FTE basis, excluding certain income and expenses. Management believes these non-GAAP financial measures provide useful information to both management and investors to analyze and evaluate the Company’s financial performance. Both measures are considered standard measures of comparison within the banking industry. Additionally, management believes providing measures on an FTE basis enhances the comparability of income arising from taxable and nontaxable sources. Limitations associated with non-GAAP financial measures include the risks that persons might disagree as to the appropriateness of items included in these measures and that different companies might calculate these measures differently. These non-GAAP disclosures should not be considered an alternative to the Company’s GAAP results.

The following table reconciles the non-GAAP financial measures of net interest income and net interest margin on an FTE basis and efficiency ratio on an adjusted and FTE basis to their most directly comparable measures under GAAP.


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017			2019			2018			2019			2018
Reconciliation of net interest income and annualized net interest margin on an FTE basis to GAAP:
Net interest income (GAAP)	$	15,299		$	15,093		$	30,715		$	29,482		$	16,038		$	15,299		$	31,927		$	30,715
Tax-equivalent adjustment ⁽¹⁾	236			597			525			1,215			25			236			68			525
Net interest income on an FTE basis (non-GAAP)	$	15,535		$	15,690		$	31,240		$	30,697		16,063			15,535			31,995			31,240
Average interest-earning assets	$	2,044,821		$	1,832,132		$	2,028,846		$	1,789,565		2,224,024			2,044,821			2,206,394			2,028,846
Net interest margin on an FTE basis (non-GAAP)	3.05		%	3.44		%	3.11		%	3.46		%	2.90		%	3.05		%	2.92		%	3.11		%

Reconciliation of efficiency ratio on an FTE basis to GAAP:
Net interest income on an FTE basis (non-GAAP)	$	15,535		$	15,690		$	31,240		$	30,697		$	16,063		$	15,535		$	31,995		$	31,240
Noninterest income	2,023			2,316			3,936			4,476			1,999			2,023			4,118			3,936
Adjustment for realized investment securities (gains) losses, net	25			(229		)	25			(226		)	(23		)	25			65			25
Plus: losses on disposal of premises and equipment, net	—			15			—			15
Adjustment for gain on sale of premises													—			—			(307		)	—
Adjusted income	$	17,583		$	17,792		$	35,201		$	34,962		18,039			17,583			35,871			35,201
Noninterest expense	$	8,958		$	8,172		$	17,245		$	16,215		9,750			8,958			19,294			17,245
Adjustment for write-down of premises	(333		)	—			(333		)	—			—			(333		)	—			(333		)
Adjusted expense	$	8,625		$	8,172		$	16,912		$	16,215		9,750			8,625			19,294			16,912
Efficiency ratio on an adjusted and FTE basis (non-GAAP) ⁽²⁾	49.05		%	45.93		%	48.05		%	46.38		%	54.05		%	49.05		%	53.79		%	48.05		%


(1)	Computed on a tax-equivalent basis using a federal income tax rate of 21 percent, ~~in 2018 and 35 percent in 2017,~~ adjusted to reflect the effect of the nondeductible interest expense associated with owning tax-exempt securities and loans.


(2)	~~Efficiency~~The efficiency ratio expresses noninterest expense as a percent of fully taxable equivalent net interest income and noninterest income, excluding specific noninterest income and expenses.

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West Bancorporation, Inc.

Management's Discussion and Analysis

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, ~~2018~~2019

OVERVIEW

The following discussion describes the consolidated operations and financial condition of the Company, West Bank and West Bank's ~~wholly owned subsidiary~~special purpose subsidiaries (which invested in new market tax credit activities in 2018) and WB Funding Corporation (which was liquidated in March 2018). Results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 are compared to the results for the same periods in ~~2017~~2018, and the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 is compared to December 31, ~~2017~~2018. The Company operates in ~~three~~these primary markets: central Iowa, which is generally the greater Des Moines metropolitan area; eastern Iowa, which is the area including and surrounding Iowa City and Coralville, Iowa; and the Rochester, Minnesota area. In March 2019, the Company expanded into three new Minnesota markets which include Owatonna, Mankato and St. Cloud, Minnesota. In May 2019, West Bank received regulatory approval for full branch office operations in these three new locations.

As announced on March 4, 2019, the Company's growth initiative in these three Minnesota markets is expected to cost approximately $3,000 on an annual basis. Twelve new employees have been hired to support this growth initiative. It is difficult to project the timing of attracting new business in these markets and, as a result, the time frame it will take to reach break-even.

Net income for the three months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 was ~~$6,764~~$6,658, or ~~$0.41 per~~$0.41per diluted common share, compared to ~~$6,365,~~$6,764, or ~~$0.39~~$0.41 per diluted common share, for the three months ended June 30, ~~2017.~~2018. The Company's annualized return on average assets and return on average equity for the three months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 were 1.14 percent and 13.49 percent, respectively, compared to 1.27 percent and 15.15 ~~percent, respectively, compared to 1.33 percent and 14.86~~ percent, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, ~~2017.~~2018.

The ~~increase~~slight decline in net income for the three months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 compared to the same period in ~~2017~~2018 was primarily due to ~~higher net interest~~an increase in noninterest expense and income taxes and a decrease in noninterest income, ~~taxes,~~ partially offset by an increase in ~~noninterest expense and decrease in noninterest~~net interest income. On December 22, 2017, the Tax Act was signed into law. The Tax Act reduced the federal corporate income tax rate from the previous maximum rate of 35 percent to 21 percent effective for 2018 and future years. The enactment of the legislation and the reduction in the federal income tax rate was the primary driver of the decrease in income taxes for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the same period in 2017.

Net interest income for the three months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 grew ~~$206~~$739 compared to the three months ended June 30, ~~2017.~~2018. The increase in net interest income was primarily due to a ~~$145,792 increase in average investments and a $55,543~~$253,158 increase in average loans outstanding for the three months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 compared to the three months ended June 30, ~~2017.~~2018. During the three months ended June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, interest expense on deposits increased ~~$2,017~~$2,872 compared to the three months ended June 30, ~~2017,~~2018, mainly due to a ~~$210,885~~$156,107 increase in average deposit balances and increases to interest rates on various deposit products as a result of rising market ~~rates.~~rates throughout 2018. The Company recorded no provision for loan losses for ~~each of~~ the three months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017.~~2018.

Noninterest income declined ~~$293~~$24 during the three months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 compared to the three months ended June 30, ~~2017,~~2018, mainly due to a decline in trust services and service charges on deposit accounts, partially offset by net realized investment securities gains in ~~2017.~~2019. Noninterest expense grew ~~$786~~$792 during the three months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 compared to the same ~~time~~ period in ~~2017,~~2018, primarily due to increases in salaries and employee benefits, occupancy costs and the amortization of the investment in a new market tax credit project in 2019, partially offset by a write-down of premises ~~and an increase in salaries and benefits. To meet the changing needs of customers and improve the efficiency of resources, the Company will consolidate the Iowa City and Coralville branches~~ in the ~~fall of 2018. Accordingly, the Company recognized a write-down of premises of $333 during the three months ended June 30,~~ 2018 ~~related to the Iowa City branch facility. Eastern Iowa customers will continue to be served by our team at the Coralville branch and through our online and mobile banking platforms.~~period.

Net income for the six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 was ~~$14,148,~~$13,557, or ~~$0.86~~$0.83 per diluted common share, compared to ~~$12,471,~~$14,148, or ~~$0.76~~$0.86 per diluted common share, for the six months ended June 30, ~~2017.~~2018. The Company's annualized return on average assets and return on average equity for the six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 were ~~1.34~~1.18 percent and ~~15.96~~13.98 percent, respectively, compared to 1.34 percent and ~~14.83~~15.96 percent, respectively, for the first six months of ~~2017.~~2018.

The ~~increase~~decline in net income for the six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 compared to the same period in ~~2017~~2018 was primarily due to ~~higher net interest income~~an increase in noninterest expense and ~~a decrease in~~ income taxes, partially offset by ~~increases in~~higher net interest income, lower provision for loan losses and ~~noninterest expense, and lower~~higher noninterest income.

Net interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2018 grew $1,233, or 4.2 percent, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2017. The increase in net interest income was primarily due to a $160,592 increase in average investments and a $66,635 increase in average loans outstanding for the first six months of 2018 compared to the first six months of 2017. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, interest expense on deposits increased $3,834 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2017, mainly due to a $270,637 increase in average deposit balances and increases to interest rates on various deposit products as a result of rising market rates. The Company recorded a $150 provision for loan losses for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to no provision in the six months ended June 30, 2017.

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West Bancorporation, Inc.

Management's Discussion and Analysis

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

~~Noninterest~~Net interest income ~~declined $540 during~~for the six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 grew $1,212, or 3.9 percent, compared to the six months ended June 30, ~~2017,~~2018, as the impact of increases in the average balance and average yield of total interest-earning assets exceeded the effect of increases in the average balance and average rate paid on total interest-bearing liabilities. Average interest-earning assets for the first six months of 2019 were $177,548 higher than the average interest-earning assets for the first six months of 2018. Average interest-bearing liabilities for the six months ended June 30, 2019 were $193,177 higher than the average interest-bearing liabilities for the six months ended June 30, 2018. Rising market interest rates in 2018 resulted in increases in both the yield on interest-earning assets and the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities for the first six months of 2019 compared to the first six months of 2018. The Company recorded no provision for loan losses for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to a provision of $150 in the six months ended June 30, 2018.

Noninterest income increased $182 during the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018, mainly due to a nonrecurring gain from ~~bank-owned life insurance~~the sale of the Iowa City branch facility in the first quarter of 2019, partially offset by a decrease in trust services and service charges on deposit accounts and an increase in net realized investment securities ~~gains in 2017.~~losses. Noninterest expense grew ~~$1,030~~$2,049 during the six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 compared to the same time period in ~~2017,~~2018, primarily due to increases in salaries and employee benefits, occupancy costs and FDIC insurance and the amortization of the investment in a new market tax credit project in 2019, partially offset by a write-down of premises in the 2018 ~~and an increase in salaries and benefits.~~period.

Total loans outstanding increased ~~$23,904,~~$70,888, or ~~1.6~~4.1 percent, during the first six months of ~~2018.~~2019. Management believes the loan pipeline is strong and that loan growth will continue in all ~~three~~ of our markets, including the new markets of Owatonna, Mankato and St. Cloud, Minnesota, during the remainder of ~~2018.~~2019. The credit quality of the loan portfolio remained strong, as evidenced by the Company's Texas ratio, which was ~~1.07~~0.72 percent as of June 30, ~~2018.~~2019. As of June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the allowance for loan losses was ~~1.08~~0.93 percent of outstanding loans, and management believed the allowance was adequate to absorb any losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of that date.

Each quarter throughout the year, the Company's four key performance metrics are compared to those of our identified peer group of 16 Midwestern, publicly traded peer financial institutions. The peer group for 2019 includes BankFinancial Corporation, ~~Farmers Capital~~ Bank First National Corporation, First Business Financial Services, Inc., First Defiance Financial Corp., First Internet Bancorp, First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc., Hills Bancorporation, Horizon Bancorp, Isabella Bank Corporation, Mercantile Bank Corporation, MidWestOne Financial Group, Inc., MutualFirst Financial, Inc., Nicolet Bankshares, Inc., Peoples Bancorp, QCR Holdings, Inc., and ~~Waterstone Financial,~~Southern Missouri Bancorp, Inc. The members of the peer group are selected based on their business focus, scope and location of operations, size and other considerations. The Company is in the middle of the group in terms of asset size. The group is periodically reviewed, with changes made primarily to reflect merger and acquisition activity. Our goal is to perform at or near the top of ~~these peers~~this peer group relative to what we consider to be four key metrics: return on average assets, return on average equity, efficiency ratio and Texas ratio. We believe these measures encompass the factors that define the performance of a community bank. ~~When contrasted with the~~Company and peer ~~group's metrics~~results for the three months ended March 31, 2018 (latest data available), the Company's metrics for the six months ended June 30, 2018 were better than those of each company in the peer group as shown in the table below, except for four peers that had a higher return on average assets.key financial performance measures are summarized below.



	West Bancorporation, Inc.	Peer Group Range
	~~Six Months Ended~~As of and for the six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019	~~Three~~ As of and for the three months ended March 31, ~~2018~~2019 ⁽³⁾
Return on average assets	~~1.34%~~1.18%	~~0.77%~~0.63% - ~~1.58%~~1.49%
Return on average equity	~~15.96%~~13.98%	~~6.80%~~7.00% - ~~12.55%~~15.05%
Efficiency ratio^{(1) (2)}	~~48.05%~~53.79%	~~53.84%~~50.31% - ~~77.67%~~79.18%
Texas ratio⁽²⁾	~~1.07%~~0.72%	~~1.82%~~1.28% - ~~19.34%~~19.21%

(1) The efficiency ratio is a non-GAAP financial measure. For further information, refer to the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section of this report.

(2) A lower ratio is more desirable.

(3) Latest data available

At its meeting on July ~~25, 2018,~~24, 2019, the Company's Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of ~~$0.20~~$0.21 per common share. The dividend is payable on August ~~22, 2018,~~21, 2019, to stockholders of record on August ~~8, 2018.~~7, 2019.

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West Bancorporation, Inc.

Management's Discussion and Analysis

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following table shows selected financial results and measures for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 compared with the same periods in ~~2017.~~2018.


	Three Months Ended June 30,											Six Months Ended June 30,											Three Months Ended June 30,											Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			Change			Change %		2018			2017			Change			Change %		2019			2018			Change			Change %		2019			2018			Change			Change %
Net income	$	6,764		$	6,365		$	399		6.27	%	$	14,148		$	12,471		$	1,677		13.45	%	$	6,658		$	6,764		$	(106	)	(1.57	)%	$	13,557		$	14,148		$	(591	)	(4.18	)%
Average assets	2,140,649			1,923,893			216,756			11.27	%	2,121,867			1,881,831			240,036			12.76	%	2,332,190			2,140,649			191,541			8.95	%	2,312,602			2,121,867			190,735			8.99	%
Average stockholders' equity	179,100			171,786			7,314			4.26	%	178,748			169,549			9,199			5.43	%	197,880			179,100			18,780			10.49	%	195,518			178,748			16,770			9.38	%

Return on average assets	1.27		%	1.33		%	(0.06		)%			1.34		%	1.34		%	—		%			1.14		%	1.27		%	(0.13		)%			1.18		%	1.34		%	(0.16		)%
Return on average equity	15.15		%	14.86		%	0.29		%			15.96		%	14.83		%	1.13		%			13.49		%	15.15		%	(1.66		)%			13.98		%	15.96		%	(1.98		)%
Net interest margin ⁽¹⁾	3.05		%	3.44		%	(0.39		)%			3.11		%	3.46		%	(0.35		)%			2.90		%	3.05		%	(0.15		)%			2.92		%	3.11		%	(0.19		)%
Efficiency ratio ^{(1) (2)}	49.05		%	45.93		%	3.12		%			48.05		%	46.38		%	1.67		%			54.05		%	49.05		%	5.00		%			53.79		%	48.05		%	5.74		%
Dividend payout ratio	48.18		%	45.85		%	2.33		%			43.67		%	45.40		%	(1.73		)%			51.67		%	48.18		%	3.49		%			49.41		%	43.67		%	5.74		%
Average equity to average assets ratio	8.37		%	8.93		%	(0.56		)%			8.42		%	9.01		%	(0.59		)%			8.48		%	8.37		%	0.11		%			8.45		%	8.42		%	0.03		%

												As of June 30,																						As of June 30,
												2018			2017			Change																2019			2018			Change
Texas ratio ⁽²⁾												1.07		%	0.43		%	0.64		%														0.72		%	1.07		%	(0.35		)%
Equity to assets ratio												8.30		%	9.12		%	(0.82		)%														8.55		%	8.30		%	0.25		%
Tangible common equity ratio	Tangible common equity ratio											8.30		%	9.12		%	(0.82		)%			Tangible common equity ratio											8.55		%	8.30		%	0.25		%

(1) Amounts are presented on an FTE basis. These are non-GAAP financial measures. For further information, refer to the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section of this report.

(2) A lower ratio is more desirable.

Definitions of ratios:

Return on average assets - annualized net income divided by average assets.

Return on average equity - annualized net income divided by average stockholders' equity.

Net interest margin - annualized tax-equivalent net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets.

Efficiency ratio - noninterest expense (excluding other real estate owned expense and write-down of premises) divided by noninterest income (excluding net securities gains (losses) and gains/losses on disposition of premises and equipment) plus tax-equivalent net interest income.

Dividend payout ratio - dividends paid to common stockholders divided by net income.

Texas ratio - total nonperforming assets divided by tangible common equity plus the allowance for loan losses.

Equity to assets ratio - equity divided by assets.

Tangible common equity ratio - common equity less intangible assets (none held) divided by tangible assets.

3335

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc.

Management's Discussion and Analysis

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Net Interest Income

The following ~~tables present~~table presents average balances and related interest income or interest expense, with the resulting annualized average yield or rate by category of interest-earning assets or interest-bearing liabilities. Interest income and the resulting net interest income are shown on an FTE basis.


Data for the three months ended June 30:	Data for the three months ended June 30:																								Data for the three months ended June 30:

	Average Balance									Interest Income/Expense									Yield/Rate						Average Balance									Interest Income/Expense									Yield/Rate
	2018		2017		Change			Change- %		2018		2017		Change			Change- %		2018		2017		Change		2019		2018		Change			Change- %		2019		2018		Change			Change- %		2019		2018		Change
Interest-earning assets:
Loans: ^{(1) (2)}
Commercial	$	321,897	$	333,674	$	(11,777	)	(3.53	)%	$	3,821	$	3,626	$	195		5.38	%	4.76	%	4.36	%	0.40	%	$	384,491	$	321,897	$	62,594		19.45	%	$	4,923	$	3,821	$	1,102		28.84	%	5.14	%	4.76	%	0.38	%
Real estate ⁽³⁾	1,186,686		1,117,973		68,713			6.15	%	13,344		12,547		797			6.35	%	4.51	%	4.50	%	0.01	%	1,377,528		1,186,686		190,842			16.08	%	16,115		13,344		2,771			20.77	%	4.69	%	4.51	%	0.18	%
Consumer and other	6,854		8,247		(1,393		)	(16.89	)%	68		81		(13		)	(16.05	)%	3.98	%	3.98	%	—	%	6,576		6,854		(278		)	(4.06	)%	82		68		14			20.59	%	4.96	%	3.98	%	0.98	%
Total loans	1,515,437		1,459,894		55,543			3.80	%	17,233		16,254		979			6.02	%	4.56	%	4.47	%	0.09	%	1,768,595		1,515,437		253,158			16.71	%	21,120		17,233		3,887			22.56	%	4.79	%	4.56	%	0.23	%

Investment securities:
Taxable	306,983		223,795		83,188			37.17	%	1,886		1,239		647			52.22	%	2.46	%	2.21	%	0.25	%	370,274		306,983		63,291			20.62	%	2,632		1,886		746			39.55	%	2.84	%	2.46	%	0.38	%
Tax-exempt⁽³⁾	184,142		121,538		62,604			51.51	%	1,477		1,200		277			23.08	%	3.21	%	3.95	%	(0.74	)%	65,976		184,142		(118,166		)	(64.17	)%	498		1,477		(979		)	(66.28	)%	3.02	%	3.21	%	(0.19	)%
Total investment securities	491,125		345,333		145,792			42.22	%	3,363		2,439		924			37.88	%	2.74	%	2.82	%	(0.08	)%	436,250		491,125		(54,875		)	(11.17	)%	3,130		3,363		(233		)	(6.93	)%	2.87	%	2.74	%	0.13	%

Federal funds sold	38,259		26,905		11,354			42.20	%	177		70		107			152.86	%	1.85	%	1.04	%	0.81	%	19,179		38,259		(19,080		)	(49.87	)%	110		177		(67		)	(37.85	)%	2.30	%	1.85	%	0.45	%
Total interest-earning assets ⁽³⁾	$	2,044,821	$	1,832,132	$	212,689		11.61	%	20,773		18,763		2,010			10.71	%	4.07	%	4.11	%	(0.04	)%	$	2,224,024	$	2,044,821	$	179,203		8.76	%	24,360		20,773		3,587			17.27	%	4.39	%	4.07	%	0.32	%

Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits:
Interest-bearing demand,
savings and money
market	$	1,245,738	$	1,070,180	$	175,558		16.40	%	3,203		1,444		1,759			121.81	%	1.03	%	0.54	%	0.49	%	$	1,316,525	$	1,245,738	$	70,787		5.68	%	5,218		3,203		2,015			62.91	%	1.59	%	1.03	%	0.56	%
Time deposits	176,857		141,530		35,327			24.96	%	595		337		258			76.56	%	1.35	%	0.96	%	0.39	%	262,177		176,857		85,320			48.24	%	1,452		595		857			144.03	%	2.22	%	1.35	%	0.87	%
Total deposits	1,422,595		1,211,710		210,885			17.40	%	3,798		1,781		2,017			113.25	%	1.07	%	0.59	%	0.48	%	1,578,702		1,422,595		156,107			10.97	%	6,670		3,798		2,872			75.62	%	1.69	%	1.07	%	0.62	%
Other borrowed funds	128,646		141,558		(12,912		)	(9.12	)%	1,440		1,292		148			11.46	%	4.49	%	3.66	%	0.83	%	164,525		128,646		35,879			27.89	%	1,627		1,440		187			12.99	%	3.97	%	4.49	%	(0.52	)%
Total interest-bearing
liabilities	$	1,551,241	$	1,353,268	$	197,973		14.63	%	5,238		3,073		2,165			70.45	%	1.35	%	0.91	%	0.44	%	$	1,743,227	$	1,551,241	$	191,986		12.38	%	8,297		5,238		3,059			58.40	%	1.91	%	1.35	%	0.56	%

Tax-equivalent net interest income (FTE) ⁽⁴⁾	Tax-equivalent net interest income (FTE) ⁽⁴⁾									$	15,535	$	15,690	$	(155	)	(0.99	)%							Tax-equivalent net interest income (FTE) ⁽⁴⁾									$	16,063	$	15,535	$	528		3.40	%
Net interest spread (FTE)																			2.72	%	3.20	%	(0.48	)%																			2.48	%	2.72	%	(0.24	)%
Net interest margin (FTE) ⁽⁴⁾	Net interest margin (FTE) ⁽⁴⁾																		3.05	%	3.44	%	(0.39	)%	Net interest margin (FTE) ⁽⁴⁾																		2.90	%	3.05	%	(0.15	)%

3436

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc.

Management's Discussion and Analysis

(in thousands, except share and per share data)


Data for the six months ended June 30:	Data for the six months ended June 30:																								Data for the six months ended June 30:

	Average Balance									Interest Income/Expense									Yield/Rate						Average Balance									Interest Income/Expense									Yield/Rate
	2018		2017		Change			Change- %		2018		2017		Change			Change- %		2018		2017		Change		2019		2018		Change			Change- %		2019		2018		Change			Change- %		2019		2018		Change
Interest-earning assets:
Loans: ^{(1) (2)}
Commercial	$	324,291	$	334,988	$	(10,697	)	(3.19	)%	$	7,501	$	7,104	$	397		5.59	%	4.66	%	4.28	%	0.38	%	$	374,433	$	324,291	$	50,142		15.46	%	$	9,540	$	7,501	$	2,039		27.18	%	5.14	%	4.66	%	0.48	%
Real estate ⁽³⁾	1,175,093		1,096,198		78,895			7.20	%	26,149		24,189		1,960			8.10	%	4.49	%	4.45	%	0.04	%	1,370,845		1,175,093		195,752			16.66	%	31,823		26,149		5,674			21.70	%	4.68	%	4.49	%	0.19	%
Consumer and other	6,702		8,265		(1,563		)	(18.91	)%	136		163		(27		)	(16.56	)%	4.08	%	3.99	%	0.09	%	6,506		6,702		(196		)	(2.92	)%	159		136		23			16.91	%	4.92	%	4.08	%	0.84	%
Total loans	1,506,086		1,439,451		66,635			4.63	%	33,786		31,456		2,330			7.41	%	4.52	%	4.41	%	0.11	%	1,751,784		1,506,086		245,698			16.31	%	41,522		33,786		7,736			22.90	%	4.78	%	4.52	%	0.26	%

Investment securities:
Taxable	305,780		215,236		90,544			42.07	%	3,699		2,266		1,433			63.24	%	2.42	%	2.11	%	0.31	%	345,720		305,780		39,940			13.06	%	4,960		3,699		1,261			34.09	%	2.87	%	2.42	%	0.45	%
Tax-exempt ⁽³⁾	187,135		117,087		70,048			59.83	%	3,049		2,363		686			29.03	%	3.26	%	4.04	%	(0.78	)%	91,223		187,135		(95,912		)	(51.25	)%	1,364		3,049		(1,685		)	(55.26	)%	2.99	%	3.26	%	(0.27	)%
Total investment securities	492,915		332,323		160,592			48.32	%	6,748		4,629		2,119			45.78	%	2.74	%	2.79	%	(0.05	)%	436,943		492,915		(55,972		)	(11.36	)%	6,324		6,748		(424		)	(6.28	)%	2.89	%	2.74	%	0.15	%

Federal funds sold	29,845		17,791		12,054			67.75	%	258		87		171			196.55	%	1.74	%	0.98	%	0.76	%	17,667		29,845		(12,178		)	(40.80	)%	208		258		(50		)	(19.38	)%	2.37	%	1.74	%	0.63	%
Total interest-earning assets ⁽³⁾	$	2,028,846	$	1,789,565	$	239,281		13.37	%	40,792		36,172		4,620			12.77	%	4.05	%	4.08	%	(0.03	)%	$	2,206,394	$	2,028,846	$	177,548		8.75	%	48,054		40,792		7,262			17.80	%	4.39	%	4.05	%	0.34	%

Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits:
Interest-bearing demand,
savings and money
market	$	1,229,604	$	1,004,105	$	225,499		22.46	%	5,744		2,421		3,323			137.26	%	0.94	%	0.49	%	0.45	%	$	1,318,526	$	1,229,604	$	88,922		7.23	%	10,245		5,744		4,501			78.36	%	1.57	%	0.94	%	0.63	%
Time deposits	174,944		129,806		45,138			34.77	%	1,066		555		511			92.07	%	1.23	%	0.86	%	0.37	%	231,055		174,944		56,111			32.07	%	2,389		1,066		1,323			124.11	%	2.09	%	1.23	%	0.86	%
Total deposits	1,404,548		1,133,911		270,637			23.87	%	6,810		2,976		3,834			128.83	%	0.98	%	0.53	%	0.45	%	1,549,581		1,404,548		145,033			10.33	%	12,634		6,810		5,824			85.52	%	1.64	%	0.98	%	0.66	%
Other borrowed funds	127,156		144,567		(17,411		)	(12.04	)%	2,742		2,499		243			9.72	%	4.35	%	3.49	%	0.86	%	175,300		127,156		48,144			37.86	%	3,425		2,742		683			24.91	%	3.94	%	4.35	%	(0.41	)%
Total interest-bearing
liabilities	$	1,531,704	$	1,278,478	$	253,226		19.81	%	9,552		5,475		4,077			74.47	%	1.26	%	0.86	%	0.40	%	$	1,724,881	$	1,531,704	$	193,177		12.61	%	16,059		9,552		6,507			68.12	%	1.88	%	1.26	%	0.62	%

Net interest income (FTE) ⁽⁴⁾	Net interest income (FTE) ⁽⁴⁾									$	31,240	$	30,697	$	543		1.77	%							Net interest income (FTE) ⁽⁴⁾									$	31,995	$	31,240	$	755		2.42	%
Net interest spread (FTE)																			2.79	%	3.22	%	(0.43	)%																			2.51	%	2.79	%	(0.28	)%
Net interest margin (FTE) ⁽⁴⁾	Net interest margin (FTE) ⁽⁴⁾																		3.11	%	3.46	%	(0.35	)%	Net interest margin (FTE) ⁽⁴⁾																		2.92	%	3.11	%	(0.19	)%


(1)	Average loan balances include nonaccrual loans. Interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans has been included.


(2)	Interest income on loans includes amortization of loan fees and costs and prepayment penalties collected, which are not material.


(3)	Tax-exempt income has been adjusted to a tax-equivalent basis using a federal income tax rate of 21 percent ~~in 2018 and 35 percent in 2017~~ and is adjusted to reflect the effect of the nondeductible interest expense associated with owning tax-exempt investment securities and loans.


(4)	Net interest income (FTE) and net interest margin (FTE) are non-GAAP financial measures. For further information, refer to the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section of this report.

The Company's largest component of net income is net interest income, which is the difference between interest earned on interest-earning assets, consisting primarily of loans and investment securities, and interest paid on interest-bearing liabilities, consisting of deposits and borrowings. Fluctuations in net interest income can result from the combination of changes in the average balances of asset and liability categories and changes in interest rates. Interest rates earned and paid are affected by general economic conditions, particularly changes in market interest rates, and by competitive factors, government policies and actions of regulatory authorities. The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System increased the targeted federal funds interest rate by 25a total of 100 basis points in ~~each of March and June 2018 and each of March, June and December 2017. We believe the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System will~~2018. The current expectation is for no increase in the targeted federal funds interest rate, ~~by 25 basis points at least one more time in 2018.~~with some possibility for a decrease during the remainder of 2019.

3537

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc.

Management's Discussion and Analysis

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Net interest margin is a measure of the net return on interest-earning assets and is computed by dividing annualized tax-equivalent net interest income by total average interest-earning assets for the period. The net interest margin for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 declined 3915 and 3519 basis points, respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2017.~~2018. The primary drivers of the decline in the net interest margin were an increase in interest rates paid on deposits, ~~and an increase in the variable rates paid on other borrowed funds,~~ partially offset by an increase in yield on ~~loans. Also impacting the net interest margin was the decline~~loans and investments and a decrease in the ~~federal income tax~~ rate ~~to 21 percent in 2018, from 35 percent in 2017, which is used in the calculation of the tax-equivalent interest income~~paid on tax-exempt loans and securities on a non-GAAP basis. The change in the federal income tax rate used in the tax-equivalent adjustment to net interest income accounted for approximately 10 basis points of the decline in net interest margin for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2017.other borrowed funds. Despite the decline in the net interest margin, tax-equivalent net interest income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 increased $528 and $755, respectively, compared to the same time periods in 2018. The increases in net interest income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 ~~increased $543 compared to the same time period in 2017. The increase in net interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2017 was~~were largely due to ~~an increase~~increases in average outstanding loans and ~~securities,~~yields on loans, partially offset by a decrease in average investments, an increase in average deposit balances and ~~an increase in rates on deposits and~~ other borrowed funds. Tax-equivalent net interest income for the three months ended June 30, 2018 declined $155 compared to the same time period in 2017. The decline in net interest income for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2017 was largely due to an increase in average deposit balancesfunds and an increase in rates on ~~deposits and other borrowed funds that exceeded the impact of an increase in average outstanding loans and securities.~~deposits. Management expects the current interest rate environment to continue to put pressure on the net interest margin throughout the remainder of ~~2018,~~2019, particularly if the U.S. Treasury yield curve ~~continues to flatten.~~remains flat or inverted.

Tax-equivalent interest income on loans increased ~~$979~~$3,887 for the three months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 compared to the three months ended June 30, ~~2017.~~2018. For the six months ended June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, tax-equivalent interest income on loans increased ~~$2,330~~$7,736 compared to the same time period in ~~2017.~~2018. The improvement for both time periods was primarily due to the increase in average loan balances ~~outstanding.~~outstanding and the average yield on loans. The average yield on loans increased by 923 and 1126 basis points, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2017,~~2018, which iswas less than the increase in the cost of deposits between the periods due to the ~~relatively flat~~flattening of the yield curve. The Company continues to focus on expanding existing and entering into new customer relationships while maintaining strong credit quality. The yield on the Company's loan portfolio is affected by the portfolio's loan mix, the interest rate environment, the effects of competition, the level of nonaccrual loans and reversals of previously accrued interest on charged-off loans. The political and economic environments can also influence the volume of new loan originations and the mix of variable rate versus fixed rate loans.

The average ~~balance~~balances of investment securities ~~was higher~~were lower during the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 than during the same periods in ~~2017 as a result of significant investment purchase activity during~~2018. The Company periodically evaluates the ~~second half of 2017. The purchase activity in 2017 focused on~~bond portfolio and may sell lower yielding bonds for reinvestment into higher yielding bonds ~~within the existing~~with similar risk ~~profile~~profiles and was the result of growth in deposits and the reinvestment of proceeds from sales and principal paydowns of investment securities. In certain cases, securities were sold and the funds were reinvested in securities with higher rates while slightly extending the duration, ~~of the portfolio. The change in the federal income tax rate used in the tax-equivalent adjustment of tax-exempt securities accounted~~or for an approximately 78 basis point reduction in the yield on tax-exempt investment securities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2017. This was offset by improvements of 25 and 31 basis points, respectively, in the yield on taxable investment securities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2017.funding loan growth.

The average ~~balance~~balances of interest-bearing demand, savings and money market deposits increased for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2017,~~2018, primarily due to an increase in average balances of money market accounts. In addition, approximately $76,000 of noninterest-bearing accounts were reclassified to interest-bearing accounts in April 2017 as part of a retail deposit product restructuring in which we realigned and simplified the retail checking account products provided to our customers. The average rate paid on interest-bearing demand, savings and money market deposits for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 increased 4956 and 4563 basis points, respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2017.~~2018. The increase ~~in interest expense~~ was primarily due to increasing interest rates on certain money market deposit products in response to increases in the targeted federal funds ~~rate.~~rate throughout 2018. The average balance of time deposits also increased for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 compared to the same periods in ~~2017. The~~2018. This increase was due primarily ~~due~~ to the ~~shift~~Company entering into three brokered CDs for a total of $75,000 during the second quarter of 2019 and a general increase in demand ~~and savings account balances to higher interest rate~~for time ~~deposits.~~deposit products. Interest rates on time deposits increased 3987 and 3786 basis points, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 compared to the same periods in ~~2017,~~2018, primarily due to higher market interest rates paid at the time new and renewed time deposits were issued.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~West Bancorporation, Inc.~~

~~Management's Discussion and Analysis~~

~~(in thousands, except share and per share data)~~

The average ~~rate paid on~~balance of other borrowed funds increased 83for the three and 86six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to an increase in short-term FHLB funding. The increase in short-term funding contributed to the decrease in the average rate paid on borrowed funds, which declined 52 and 41 basis points, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2017. The increase in the average rate paid was due to increases in rates for variable rate FHLB advances, subordinated notes and long-term debt. The average balance of other borrowed funds declined for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, primarily due to lower average balances of federal funds purchased and the December 2017 payoff of a $25,000 FHLB advance, partially offset by a $22,000 increase in long-term debt in May 2017.2018.

Provision for Loan Losses and the Related Allowance for Loan Losses

The provision for loan losses represents charges made to earnings to maintain an adequate allowance for loan losses. The adequacy of the allowance for loan losses is evaluated quarterly by management and reviewed by the Board of Directors. The allowance for loan losses is management's best estimate of probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. ~~Based upon the most recent evaluation, no~~No provision ~~was recorded~~ for ~~the three months ended June 30, 2018. The provision recorded for the six months ended June 30, 2018 was $150. No provision~~loan losses was recorded for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2017.~~2019. A provision of $0 and $150 was recorded for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively.

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc.

Management's Discussion and Analysis

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Factors considered in establishing an appropriate allowance include: the borrower's financial condition; the value and adequacy of loan collateral; the condition of the local economy and the borrower's specific industry; the levels and trends of loans by segment; and a review of delinquent and classified loans. The quarterly evaluation focuses on factors such as specific loan reviews, changes in the components of the loan portfolio given the current and forecasted economic conditions, and historical loss experience. Any one of the following conditions may result in the review of a specific loan: concern about whether the customer's cash flow or net worth is sufficient to repay the loan; delinquency status; criticism of the loan in a regulatory examination; the suspension of interest accrual; or other factors, including whether the loan has other special or unusual characteristics that suggest special monitoring is warranted. The Company's concentration risks include geographic concentration in central and eastern Iowa and southeastern Minnesota. The local economies are composed primarily of service industries and state and county governments.

West Bank has a significant portion of its loan portfolio in commercial real estate loans, commercial lines of credit, commercial term loans, and construction and land development loans. West Bank's typical commercial borrower is a small- or medium-sized, privately owned business entity. Compared to residential mortgages or consumer loans, commercial loans typically have larger balances, and repayment usually depends on the borrowers' successful business operations. Commercial loans generally are not fully repaid over the loan period and, thus, may require refinancing or a large payoff at maturity. When the economy turns downward, commercial borrowers may not be able to repay their loans, and the value of their assets, which are usually pledged as collateral, may decrease rapidly and significantly.

While management uses available information to recognize losses on loans, further reduction in the carrying amounts of loans may be necessary based on changes in circumstances, changes in the overall economy in the markets we currently serve, or later acquired information. Identifiable sectors within the general economy are subject to additional volatility, which at any time may have a substantial impact on the loan portfolio. In addition, regulatory agencies, as integral parts of their examination processes, periodically review the credit quality of the loan portfolio and the level of the allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require West Bank to recognize additional losses based on such agencies' review of information available to them at the time of their examinations.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~West Bancorporation, Inc.~~

~~Management's Discussion and Analysis~~

~~(in thousands, except share and per share data)~~

West Bank's policy is to charge off loans when, in management's opinion, a loan or a portion of a loan is deemed uncollectible. Concerted efforts are made to maximize subsequent recoveries. The following table summarizes the activity in the Company's allowance for loan losses for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017~~2018 and related ratios.


	Three Months Ended June 30,									Six Months Ended June 30,									Three Months Ended June 30,									Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			Change			2018			2017			Change			2019			2018			Change			2019			2018			Change
Balance at beginning of period	$	16,465		$	16,427		$	38		$	16,430		$	16,112		$	318		$	16,737		$	16,465		$	272		$	16,689		$	16,430		$	259
Charge-offs	(13		)	(133		)	120			(209		)	(193		)	(16		)	(55		)	(13		)	(42		)	(55		)	(209		)	154
Recoveries	66			192			(126		)	147			567			(420		)	55			66			(11		)	103			147			(44		)
Net (charge-offs) recoveries	53			59			(6		)	(62		)	374			(436		)	—			53			(53		)	48			(62		)	110
Provision for loan losses charged to operations	—			—			—			150			—			150			—			—			—			—			150			(150		)
Balance at end of period	$	16,518		$	16,486		$	32		$	16,518		$	16,486		$	32		$	16,737		$	16,518		$	219		$	16,737		$	16,518		$	219

Average loans outstanding	$	1,515,437		$	1,459,894					$	1,506,086		$	1,439,451					$	1,768,595		$	1,515,437					$	1,751,784		$	1,506,086

Ratio of annualized net (charge-offs) recoveries during the period to average loans outstanding	0.01		%	0.02		%				(0.01		)%	0.05		%				0.00		%	0.01		%				0.01		%	(0.01		)%

Ratio of allowance for loan losses to average loans outstanding	1.09		%	1.13		%				1.10		%	1.15		%				0.95		%	1.09		%				0.96		%	1.10		%

Ratio of allowance for loan losses to total loans at end of period	1.08		%	1.15		%				1.08		%	1.15		%				0.93		%	1.08		%				0.93		%	1.08		%

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc.

Management's Discussion and Analysis

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

In general, the growth rate of the U.S. economy ~~is growing at a moderate pace. Average monthly~~appears to be decelerating, but remains relatively stable. Monthly job growth for the first six months of ~~2018 was~~2019 averaged approximately ~~215,000~~170,000 based on preliminary estimates, ~~while the~~compared to an average of over 220,000 in all of 2018. The national unemployment rate remained low at ~~4.0~~3.7 percent as of June 30, ~~2018.~~2019. Gross domestic product increased at an annual rate of 3.1 percent in the first quarter of 2019. Activity in the housing market continues at a moderate pace. ~~Short-term~~There are indications from both the Federal Reserve and the public markets that short-term interest rates ~~are expected to continue to gradually rise.~~could decline during the remainder of 2019. Based on the current economic indicators, the Company decided to ~~maintain~~make no changes to the economic factors within the allowance for loan losses ~~evaluation at the same levels used in 2017.~~evaluation. In the first six months of ~~2018,~~2019, the Company continued to use experience factors based on the highest losses calculated over a rolling 12-, 16-, or 20-quarter period. The portion of the allowance for loan losses related to loans collectively evaluated for impairment increased ~~$102~~$72 to a total of ~~$16,393,~~$16,646, or ~~1.07~~0.93 percent of totals loans, as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 compared to ~~$16,291,~~$16,574, or ~~1.08~~0.96 percent of total loans, as of December 31, ~~2017.~~2018. Management believed the resulting allowance for loan losses as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 was adequate to absorb any losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the end of the quarter.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~West Bancorporation, Inc.~~

~~Management's Discussion and Analysis~~

~~(in thousands, except share and per share data)~~

Noninterest Income

The following ~~tables show~~table shows the variance from the prior year in the noninterest income categories shown in the Consolidated Statements of Income. In addition, accounts within the “Other income” category that represent a significant portion of the total or a significant variance are shown below.


	Three Months Ended June 30,										Three Months Ended June 30,
Noninterest income:	2018			2017		Change			Change %		2019			2018			Change			Change %
Service charges on deposit accounts	$	627		$	631	$	(4	)	(0.63	)%	$	600		$	627		$	(27	)	(4.31	)%
Debit card usage fees	433			458		(25		)	(5.46	)%	434			433			1			0.23	%
Trust services	575			436		139			31.88	%	481			575			(94		)	(16.35	)%
Increase in cash value of bank-owned life insurance	152			163		(11		)	(6.75	)%	162			152			10			6.58	%
Realized investment securities gains (losses), net	(25		)	229		(254		)	(110.92	)%	23			(25		)	48			192.00	%
Other income:
Discount on purchased income tax credits	15			65		(50		)	(76.92	)%
Gain on sale of other assets	—			88		(88		)	(100.00	)%
All other income	246			246		—			—	%	299			261			38			14.56	%
Total other income	261			399		(138		)	(34.59	)%	299			261			38			14.56	%
Total noninterest income	$	2,023		$	2,316	$	(293	)	(12.65	)%	$	1,999		$	2,023		$	(24	)	(1.19	)%

	Six Months Ended June 30,										Six Months Ended June 30,
Noninterest income:	2018			2017		Change			Change %		2019			2018			Change			Change %
Service charges on deposit accounts	$	1,276		$	1,231	$	45		3.66	%	$	1,211		$	1,276		$	(65	)	(5.09	)%
Debit card usage fees	832			898		(66		)	(7.35	)%	809			832			(23		)	(2.76	)%
Trust services	1,020			828		192			23.19	%	964			1,020			(56		)	(5.49	)%
Increase in cash value of bank-owned life insurance	310			317		(7		)	(2.21	)%	314			310			4			1.29	%
Gain from bank-owned life insurance	—			307		(307		)	(100.00	)%
Realized investment securities gains (losses), net	(25		)	226		(251		)	(111.06	)%
Realized investment securities losses, net											(65		)	(25		)	(40		)	(160.00	)%
Other income:
Discount on purchased income tax credits	27			81		(54		)	(66.67	)%
Gain on sale of other assets	—			88		(88		)	(100.00	)%
Gain on sale of premises											307			—			307			N/A
All other income	496			500		(4		)	(0.80	)%	578			523			55			10.52	%
Total other income	523			669		(146		)	(21.82	)%	885			523			362			69.22	%
Total noninterest income	$	3,936		$	4,476	$	(540	)	(12.06	)%	$	4,118		$	3,936		$	182		4.62	%

The ~~increase in service charges~~gains and losses on ~~deposit accounts~~sales of investment securities during the first half of 2019 primarily resulted from the Company's strategy to reposition certain components of the investment portfolio into higher yielding securities without increasing the risk profile of the portfolio and liquidity needed for loan funding. The Company recognized a gain on sale of premises during the ~~six months ended June 30, 2018 compared~~first quarter of 2019 related to the ~~six months ended June 30, 2017 was driven primarily by the March and April 2017 realignment and simplification~~sale of the ~~retail checking account products provided to our customers. During~~Iowa City branch facility. The Company consolidated the ~~three~~Iowa City and ~~six months ended June 30, 2018, nonsufficient funds fees declined $35 and $58, respectively, and debit card usage fees declined $25 and $66, respectively, compared to~~Coralville branches in the ~~same time periods in 2017. These declines are consistent with recent trends.~~fourth quarter of 2018.

~~Revenue~~The decrease in revenue from trust services in the first half of 2019 was ~~higher during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2017~~primarily due to ~~the combination of higher amounts of~~ one-time estate fees that were received in 2018 and ~~asset growth.~~did not recur in the first six months of 2019.

~~Gain from bank-owned life insurance was recognized for the six months ended June 30, 2017 as the result of a single policy event.~~

The Company recognizes revenue from discounts on purchased transferable State of Iowa income tax credits. The Company reviews opportunities to acquire transferable State of Iowa income tax credits at favorable discounts as they are presented and as they are aligned with our projected ability to utilize them. The Company expects to recognize total income from discounts on purchased tax credits of approximately $50 for the year ended December 31, 2018.

~~Gain on sale of other assets for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 included a nonrecurring gain related to the final payment received from the 2015 sale of SmartyPig, LLC.~~

3940

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc.

Management's Discussion and Analysis

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Noninterest Expense

The following ~~tables show~~table shows the variance from the prior year in the noninterest expense categories shown in the Consolidated Statements of Income. In addition, accounts within the “Other expenses” category that represent a significant portion of the total or a significant variance are shown ~~below.~~below


	Three Months Ended June 30,									Three Months Ended June 30,
Noninterest expense:	2018		2017		Change			Change %		2019		2018		Change			Change %
Salaries and employee benefits	$	4,775	$	4,449	$	326		7.33	%	$	5,424	$	4,775	$	649		13.59	%
Occupancy	1,258		1,131		127			11.23	%	1,344		1,258		86			6.84	%
Data processing	674		708		(34		)	(4.80	)%	716		674		42			6.23	%
FDIC insurance expense	165		150		15			10.00	%	185		165		20			12.12	%
Professional fees	178		248		(70		)	(28.23	)%	209		178		31			17.42	%
Director fees	261		246		15			6.10	%	258		261		(3		)	(1.15	)%
Write-down of premises	333		—		333			N/A		—		333		(333		)	(100.00	)%
Other expenses:
Marketing	50		51		(1		)	(1.96	)%	55		50		5			10.00	%
Business development	269		246		23			9.35	%	268		269		(1		)	(0.37	)%
Insurance expense	85		88		(3		)	(3.41	)%	96		85		11			12.94	%
Charitable contributions	75		—		75			N/A		45		75		(30		)	(40.00	)%
Postage and courier	71		80		(9		)	(11.25	)%	69		71		(2		)	(2.82	)%
Subscriptions	80		66		14			21.21	%	94		80		14			17.50	%
Trust	96		110		(14		)	(12.73	)%	114		96		18			18.75	%
Consulting fees	60		92		(32		)	(34.78	)%	69		60		9			15.00	%
Low income housing projects amortization	130		104		26			25.00	%	120		130		(10		)	(7.69	)%
New market tax credit project amortization										229		—		229			N/A
All other	398		403		(5		)	(1.24	)%	455		398		57			14.32	%
Total other	1,314		1,240		74			5.97	%	1,614		1,314		300			22.83	%
Total noninterest expense	$	8,958	$	8,172	$	786		9.62	%	$	9,750	$	8,958	$	792		8.84	%

	Six Months Ended June 30,									Six Months Ended June 30,
Noninterest expense:	2018		2017		Change			Change %		2019		2018		Change			Change %
Salaries and employee benefits	$	9,288	$	8,786	$	502		5.71	%	$	10,884	$	9,288	$	1,596		17.18	%
Occupancy	2,481		2,228		253			11.36	%	2,577		2,481		96			3.87	%
Data processing	1,350		1,396		(46		)	(3.30	)%	1,396		1,350		46			3.41	%
FDIC insurance	327		363		(36		)	(9.92	)%	404		327		77			23.55	%
Professional fees	412		541		(129		)	(23.84	)%	443		412		31			7.52	%
Director fees	510		457		53			11.60	%	509		510		(1		)	(0.20	)%
Write-down of premises	333		—		333			N/A		—		333		(333		)	(100.00	)%
Other expenses:
Marketing	95		119		(24		)	(20.17	)%	102		95		7			7.37	%
Business development	487		418		69			16.51	%	536		487		49			10.06	%
Insurance expense	177		178		(1		)	(0.56	)%	189		177		12			6.78	%
Charitable contributions	150		—		150			N/A		90		150		(60		)	(40.00	)%
Postage and courier	140		166		(26		)	(15.66	)%	142		140		2			1.43	%
Subscriptions	171		131		40			30.53	%	185		171		14			8.19	%
Trust	189		215		(26		)	(12.09	)%	211		189		22			11.64	%
Consulting fees	125		153		(28		)	(18.30	)%	131		125		6			4.80	%
Low income housing projects amortization	264		220		44			20.00	%	191		264		(73		)	(27.65	)%
New market tax credit project amortization										459		—		459			N/A
All other	746		844		(98		)	(11.61	)%	845		746		99			13.27	%
Total other	2,544		2,444		100			4.09	%	3,081		2,544		537			21.11	%
Total noninterest expense	$	17,245	$	16,215	$	1,030		6.35	%	$	19,294	$	17,245	$	2,049		11.88	%

4041

Table of Contents

West Bancorporation, Inc.

Management's Discussion and Analysis

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Salaries and employee benefits increased for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 when compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, mainly as the result of increases in benefit costs, salaries and related payroll taxes, and additional payroll taxes related to the vesting of restricted stock units.

~~When compared with the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, occupancy costs increased for~~ the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, partially due to the Company's previously announced expansion in Minnesota. In the first half of 2019, West Bank added twelve full time employees to support the new branch offices in three Minnesota markets. As a ~~periodic indexed rent adjustment in accordance with~~result, salaries and employee benefits through the ~~terms~~remainder of the ~~lease~~year are expected to be higher in comparison to 2018. Other increases in salaries and employee benefits were normal operating increases. Occupancy expense during the remainder of 2019 is also expected to be higher in comparison to 2018, as leases have been signed for either three or five year terms for the new Minnesota branch offices. Compensation, professional fees, occupancy and other costs related to the Company's ~~main office.~~

~~Data processing primarily includes fees paid for our core applications systems, ongoing enhancement~~growth strategy in Minnesota totaled $582 and ~~monitoring tools for maintaining security, and one-time costs associated with implementation of new applications. Data processing expense declined~~$1,035, respectively, on a pre-tax basis for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018 compared to the same time periods in 2017, primarily because of varying one-time costs associated with the implementation of new applications in each period.~~

2019.

FDIC insurance expense ~~declined~~increased for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2017.~~2018. The FDIC assessment rate calculation includes a series of risk-based factors. ~~As a result of~~Changes in West Bank's loan mix and asset growth have had the ~~May 2017 capital injection of $40,000 into~~most significant impact on the FDIC insurance assessment compared to last year. In January 2019, West Bank ~~our capital ratio component improved enough to reduce the assessment rate to the minimum base assessment level established~~was notified by the ~~FDIC. Management expects~~FDIC regarding eligibility for small bank assessment credits. The FDIC will automatically apply small bank assessment credits to offset regular deposit insurance assessments for assessment periods when the ~~assessment rate to remain~~Deposit Insurance Fund reserve ratio is at or ~~near~~above 1.38 percent until all credits are used. The Deposit Insurance Fund reserve ratio was 1.36 percent as of March 31, 2019. West Bank's small bank assessment credit was $498 at June 30, 2019. If the ~~minimum level during 2018.~~Deposit Insurance Fund reserve ratio reaches 1.38 percent, the credits will be applied, and the Company's FDIC insurance expense ~~increased for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the same period in 2017 due to growth in average assets.~~

Professional fees declined for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the same time periods in 2017, primarily due to lower legal fees at West Bank and one-time costs incurred in 2017 associated with the preparation and adoption of the West Bancorporation, Inc. 2017 Equity Incentive Plan.

Director fees increased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 when compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, mainly due to higher stock-based compensation costs and an increase in annual retainer fees effective April 2018.will be reduced.

The Company recognized a $333 write-down of premises during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 related to the Iowa City branch ~~facility. The Company plans to consolidate the Iowa City and Coralville branches~~facility which was subsequently sold in the ~~fall~~first quarter of ~~2018.~~2019.

The ~~increase~~Company recognized amortization expense related to an investment in ~~business development~~a new market tax credit project in the first half of 2019. The amortization is expected to be a recurring expense ~~for~~through the ~~three and six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to~~seven-year term of the ~~three and six months ended June 30, 2017 was the result of additional sponsorships of community events and efforts to cultivate new and expanded customer relationships.~~

~~Charitable contributions increased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the same time periods in 2017 due to the timing of contributions to the West Bancorporation Foundation.~~tax credit.

Income Tax Expense

The Company recorded income tax expense of $1,629 (19.7 percent of pre-tax income) and $3,194 (19.1 percent of pre-tax income) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, compared with $1,600 (19.1 percent of pre-tax income) and $3,108 (18.0 percent of pre-tax income) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively, compared with $2,872 (31.1 percent of pre-tax income) and $5,272 (29.7 percent of pre-tax income) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively. The decline in the percentage of income tax expense to pre-tax income was the result of the enactment of the Tax Act on December 22, 2017. This legislation lowered the federal corporate income tax rate to 21 percent beginning in 2018 from a maximum rate of 35 percent in 2017.2018. The Company's consolidated income tax rate differs from the federal statutory income tax rate in each ~~respective~~ period, primarily due to tax-exempt interest income, the tax-exempt increase in cash value of bank-owned life insurance, ~~tax-exempt gain on bank-owned life insurance,~~ disallowed interest expense, and state income taxes.

In addition, for the six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017,~~2018, a tax benefit of ~~$261~~$15 and ~~$244,~~$261, respectively, was recorded as a result of the increase in fair value of restricted stock over the vesting period. The tax ~~rate~~rates for the first six months of 2019 and 2018 ~~and 2017 was~~were also impacted by year-to-date federal low income housing tax credits and new markets tax credit of approximately $633 and $250, respectively.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

The Company had total assets of $2,362,876 as of June 30, 2019, compared to total assets of $2,296,568 as of December 31, 2018. Fluctuations in the balance sheet included increases in loans, premises and ~~$205, respectively.~~equipment, other liabilities and deposits, and decreases in investments and FHLB advances. A summary of changes in the balance sheet components is provided below.

Investment Securities

The balance of investment securities available for sale declined by $55,224 during the six months ended June 30, 2019. State and political subdivision securities and corporate notes declined by $99,478 and $31,418, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2019. Securities were sold during the first half of 2019 for liquidity purposes or for reinvestment into collateralized mortgage obligations and collateralized loan obligations, which was part of a reinvestment strategy to improve yield without significantly changing the risk profile of the portfolio. Government agency guaranteed collateralized mortgage obligations increased by $38,179. In addition, the Company invested in $54,348 of collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) during the first six months of 2019. CLOs are floating rate debt securities backed by pools of senior secured commercial loans to a diverse group of companies across a broad spectrum of industries. The Company believes that its CLO portfolio, consisting entirely of variable rate securities, supports the Company’s interest rate risk management strategy by lowering the extension risk and duration risk inherent to certain fixed rate investment securities. At June 30, 2019, the Company owned AAA and AA rated CLOs and did not own CLOs rated below AA.

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West Bancorporation, Inc.

Management's Discussion and Analysis

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

~~FINANCIAL CONDITION~~

The Company had total assets of $2,197,166 as of June 30, 2018, an increase of 3.9 percent compared to total assets of $2,114,377 as of December 31, 2017. The most significant changes in the balance sheet were increases in investments, loans and deposits. A summary of changes in the balance sheet components is provided below.

~~Investment Securities~~

On January 1, 2018, the Company elected to transfer all securities classified as held to maturity to available for sale. At the date of reclassification, the held to maturity securities portfolio was carried at an amortized cost of $45,527. The reclassification of securities between categories was accounted for at fair value. At the date of reclassification, the securities had a fair value of $45,890 and unrealized holding gains of $273, which were recorded net of tax in other comprehensive income. The transfer enhanced liquidity and increased flexibility with regard to asset-liability management and balance sheet composition.

The balance of investment securities available for sale, subsequent to the transfer of held to maturity securities, increased by $37,047 during the six months ended June 30, 2018. U.S. Treasuries increased $39,504 and corporate notes increased $19,710 during the six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to purchases of securities, which were funded by growth in deposits and securities sales. State and political subdivision securities declined by $15,936 during the six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to the sale of securities for reinvestment in higher yielding bonds with minimal impact on the portfolio's risk profile and duration. Government agency guaranteed collateralized mortgage obligations, mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities declined by a total of $6,225 during the six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to normal principal paydowns. The market value of the investment portfolio declined $7,803 during the six months ended June 30, 2018. The Company believed the unrealized losses on investments available for sale as of June 30, 2018 were due to interest rate and market conditions rather than reduced estimated cash flows.

As of June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, approximately 5069 percent of the available for sale investment securities portfolio consisted of government agency guaranteed collateralized mortgage obligations, mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities. Management believes these securities provide relatively good yields, have little to no credit risk and provide fairly consistent cash flows.

Loans and Nonperforming Assets

Loans outstanding increased ~~$23,904,~~$70,888 from ~~$1,510,500~~$1,721,830 as of December 31, ~~2017~~2018 to ~~$1,534,404~~$1,792,718 as of June 30, ~~2018.~~2019. Changes in the loan portfolio during the first six months of ~~2018~~2019 included ~~an increase~~increases of ~~$70,696~~$39,566 in commercial loans and $35,257 in commercial real estate ~~loans, partially offset by reductions of $20,662 in commercial loans and $24,770 in construction real estate~~ loans. ~~The commercial and commercial real estate loan portfolios were impacted by a $28,568 payoff when a customer was acquired by an out-of-state buyer in the first quarter of 2018.~~ The Company continues to focus on business development efforts in all of its markets. Branch offices in Owatonna, Mankato and St. Cloud, Minnesota began operations during the first six months of 2019. Management believes organic loan growth will occur in all ~~three~~ of our markets during the remainder of ~~2018.~~2019.

Credit quality of the Company's loan portfolio remains strong and stable. The Company's Texas ratio, which is computed by dividing total nonperforming assets by tangible common equity plus the allowance for loan losses, was ~~1.07~~0.72 percent as of June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, compared to ~~0.32~~0.93 percent as of December 31, ~~2017. The increase~~2018.

In accordance with regulatory guidelines, the Company exercises heightened risk management practices when non-owner occupied commercial real estate lending exceeds 300 percent of total risk-based capital or construction, land development, and other land loans exceed 100 percent of total risk-based capital. Although the Company's loan portfolio is heavily concentrated in real estate and its real estate portfolio levels exceed these regulatory guidelines, it has established risk management policies and procedures to regularly monitor the commercial real estate portfolio. An analysis of the Company's non-owner occupied commercial real estate portfolio as of December 31, 2018 was presented in the ~~Texas ratio was due~~Company's Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 28, 2019, and the Company has not experienced any material changes to ~~the increase in nonaccrual loans related to two customers. The ratio for both dates was significantly better than the March~~that analysis since December 31, 2018 peer group average (latest data available), which was approximately 8.03 percent, according to data in the March 2018 Bank Holding Company Performance Report prepared by the Division of Supervision and Regulation of the Federal Reserve.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~West Bancorporation, Inc.~~

~~Management's Discussion and Analysis~~

~~(in thousands, except share and per share data)~~

2018.

The following table sets forth the amount of nonperforming assets held by the Company and common ratio measurements of those assets as of the dates shown.


	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017			Change			June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018			Change
Nonaccrual loans	$	2,127		$	622		$	1,505		$	1,571		$	1,928		$	(357	)
Loans past due 90 days and still accruing interest	—			—			—			—			—			—
Troubled debt restructured loans ⁽¹⁾	—			—			—			—			—			—
Total nonperforming loans	2,127			622			1,505			1,571			1,928			(357		)
Other real estate owned	—			—			—			—			—			—
Total nonperforming assets	$	2,127		$	622		$	1,505		$	1,571		$	1,928		$	(357	)

Nonperforming loans to total loans	0.14		%	0.04		%	0.10		%	0.09		%	0.11		%	(0.02		)%
Nonperforming assets to total assets	0.10		%	0.03		%	0.07		%	0.07		%	0.08		%	(0.01		)%

(1)

While TDR loans are commonly reported by the industry as nonperforming, those not classified in the nonaccrual category are accruing interest due to payment performance. TDR loans on nonaccrual status are categorized as nonaccrual. There were two TDR loans as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~one TDR loan as of~~ December 31, ~~2017~~2018 with balances of ~~$724~~$580 and ~~$220,~~$652, respectively, categorized as nonaccrual.

For additional information, refer to “Provision for Loan Losses and the Related Allowance for Loan Losses” in this section, and Note 4 to the financial statements.

~~Deposits~~

Deposits increased $81,116 during the first six months of 2018, or 4.5 percent, compared to December 31, 2017. Interest-bearing demand accounts declined $68,485, while savings accounts, which include money market accounts, increased $154,710 from December 31, 2017 to June 30, 2018. Balance fluctuations were primarily due to normal customer activity, as corporate customers' liquidity needs vary at any given time. Total time deposits increased $9,498 during the first six months of 2018. As of June 30, 2018, a significant related party relationship maintained total deposit balances with West Bank of approximately $160,586.

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West Bancorporation, Inc.

Management's Discussion and Analysis

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Premises and Equipment

In the first quarter of 2019, the Company adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This guidance requires the recognition of certain leases on the balance sheet as right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. As of June 30, 2019, the Company leases real estate for its main office, nine branch offices, and office space for operations departments under various operating lease agreements. The right-of-use assets, included in premises and equipment, and lease liabilities, included in other liabilities, were $9,558 and $9,794 as of June 30, 2019, respectively.

Deposits

Deposits increased $71,258 during the first six months of 2019. Noninterest-bearing and interest-bearing demand accounts declined $26,903 and $14,342, respectively, while savings accounts, which include money market accounts, increased $24,268 from December 31, 2018 to June 30, 2019. Balance fluctuations were primarily due to normal customer activity, as corporate customers' liquidity needs vary at any given time. Total time deposits increased $88,235 during the first six months of 2019 primarily due to the Company obtaining three brokered CDs totaling $75,000 in the second quarter of 2019. $50,000 of brokered CDs were part of an interest rate risk strategy as described below.

Borrowed Funds

In the first six months of 2019, $60,000 of short-term FHLB advances matured. In a strategy to manage its exposures to the variability in interest payments on wholesale funding sources due to interest rate movements, the Company entered into four long term interest rate swap agreements in the first six months of 2019 with a total notional amount of $100,000 to hedge the interest payments of rolling fixed-rate one- or three-month funding consisting of FHLB advances or brokered deposits. As part of this strategy, the Company has obtained a fixed-rate one-month FHLB advance totaling $50,000 and two fixed-rate three-month brokered CDs totaling $50,000 as of June 30, 2019.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The objectives of liquidity management are to ensure the availability of sufficient cash flows to meet all financial commitments and to capitalize on opportunities for profitable business expansion. The Company's principal source of funds is deposits. Other sources include loan principal repayments, proceeds from the maturity and sale of investment securities, principal payments on collateralized mortgage obligations, mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, federal funds purchased, advances from the FHLB, and funds provided by operations. Liquidity management is conducted on both a daily and a long-term basis. Investments in liquid assets are adjusted based on expected loan demand, projected loan and investment securities maturities and payments, expected deposit flows and the objectives set by the Company's asset-liability management policy. The Company had liquid assets (cash and cash equivalents) of ~~$65,103~~$92,564 as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 compared with ~~$47,949~~$47,474 as of December 31, ~~2017.~~2018.

The Company is expecting above normal loan growth in the third quarter of 2019 as its growth initiative in Minnesota gains momentum. The Company began funding that expected loan growth in the second quarter of 2019 due to what it considered a favorable interest rate environment. In June 2019, the Company entered into two long term interest rate swaps to lock in its cost of funds. The two swaps have notional amounts of $25 million each, with terms of eight and ten years and fixed rates of 1.93 and 2.01 percent. These swaps are hedges against the interest cash flows of $50 million of underlying funding. In addition, $34 million of corporate notes in the investment portfolio were sold in June 2019. Corporate notes are 100 percent risk weighted for risk-based capital purposes. With the expected loan growth associated with the Minnesota expansion, the corporate notes were sold to provide liquidity to fund that loan growth. The net impact is expected to be a moderate increase in interest income and neutral impact on risk-based capital. Because of the decline in market interest rates, the bonds were sold at a slight gain.

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West Bancorporation, Inc.

Management's Discussion and Analysis

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

As of June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, West Bank had additional borrowing capacity available from the FHLB of approximately ~~$342,000,~~$325,000, as well as approximately $67,000 through unsecured federal funds lines of credit with correspondent banks. Net cash from operating activities contributed ~~$16,987~~$16,613 to liquidity for the six months ended June 30, ~~2018.~~2019. Management believed that the combination of high levels of potentially liquid assets, cash flows from operations, and additional borrowing capacity provided the Company with strong liquidity as of June 30, ~~2018.~~2019.

The Company's total stockholders' equity increased to ~~$182,352~~$201,935 at June 30, ~~2018~~2019 from ~~$178,098~~$191,023 at December 31, ~~2017.~~2018. The increase was primarily the result of net income less dividends paid, and ~~was partially offset by a decline~~an increase in accumulated other comprehensive income. At June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the Company's tangible common equity as a percent of tangible assets was ~~8.30~~8.55 percent compared to ~~8.42~~8.32 percent as of December 31, ~~2017.~~2018.

The Company and West Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal and state banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements (as shown in the following table) can result in certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators, which, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company and West Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of their assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Company's and West Bank's capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors. Management believed the Company and West Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they were subject as of June 30, ~~2018.~~2019.

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West Bancorporation, Inc.

Management's Discussion and Analysis

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

The Company's and West Bank's capital amounts and ratios are presented in the following table.


	Actual				For Capital Adequacy Purposes				For Capital Adequacy Purposes With Capital Conservation Buffer				To Be Well-Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions				Actual				For Capital Adequacy Purposes				For Capital Adequacy Purposes With Capital Conservation Buffer				To Be Well-Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
As of June 30, 2018:
As of June 30, 2019:
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)	Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)																Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)
Consolidated	$	225,038	12.08	%	$	149,072	8.00	%	$	184,010	9.875	%	N/A		N/A		$	241,995	11.67	%	$	165,835	8.00	%	$	217,659	10.50	%	N/A		N/A
West Bank	240,701		12.93	%	148,896		8.00	%	183,794		9.875	%	$	186,120	10.00	%	249,338		12.03	%	165,787		8.00	%	217,595		10.50	%	$	207,233	10.00	%

Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)	Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)																Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)
Consolidated	208,520		11.19	%	111,804		6.00	%	146,742		7.875	%	N/A		N/A		225,258		10.87	%	124,377		6.00	%	176,200		8.50	%	N/A		N/A
West Bank	224,183		12.05	%	111,672		6.00	%	146,570		7.875	%	148,896		8.00	%	232,601		11.22	%	124,340		6.00	%	176,148		8.50	%	165,787		8.00	%

Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)	Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)																Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)
Consolidated	188,520		10.12	%	83,853		4.50	%	118,791		6.375	%	N/A		N/A		205,258		9.90	%	93,282		4.50	%	145,106		7.00	%	N/A		N/A
West Bank	224,183		12.05	%	83,754		4.50	%	118,652		6.375	%	120,978		6.50	%	232,601		11.22	%	93,255		4.50	%	145,063		7.00	%	134,702		6.50	%

Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets)	Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets)																Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets)
Consolidated	208,520		9.69	%	86,091		4.00	%	86,091		4.00	%	N/A		N/A		225,258		9.64	%	93,462		4.00	%	93,462		4.00	%	N/A		N/A
West Bank	224,183		10.42	%	86,018		4.00	%	86,018		4.00	%	107,522		5.00	%	232,601		9.96	%	93,425		4.00	%	93,425		4.00	%	116,781		5.00	%

As of December 31, 2017:
As of December 31, 2018:
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)	Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)																Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)
Consolidated	$	216,420	11.76	%	$	147,169	8.00	%	$	170,164	9.25	%	N/A		N/A		$	234,526	11.50	%	$	163,213	8.00	%	$	201,466	9.875	%	N/A		N/A
West Bank	235,570		12.82	%	147,049		8.00	%	170,026		9.25	%	$	183,812	10.00	%	245,962		12.07	%	163,076		8.00	%	201,297		9.875	%	$	203,845	10.00	%

Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)	Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)																Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)
Consolidated	199,990		10.87	%	110,377		6.00	%	133,372		7.25	%	N/A		N/A		217,837		10.68	%	122,410		6.00	%	160,663		7.875	%	N/A		N/A
West Bank	219,140		11.92	%	110,287		6.00	%	133,263		7.25	%	147,049		8.00	%	229,273		11.25	%	122,307		6.00	%	160,528		7.875	%	163,076		8.00	%

Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)	Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)																Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)
Consolidated	179,990		9.78	%	82,783		4.50	%	105,778		5.75	%	N/A		N/A		197,837		9.70	%	91,807		4.50	%	130,060		6.375	%	N/A		N/A
West Bank	219,140		11.92	%	82,715		4.50	%	105,692		5.75	%	119,478		6.50	%	229,273		11.25	%	91,730		4.50	%	129,951		6.375	%	132,499		6.50	%

Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets)	Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets)																Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets)
Consolidated	199,990		9.60	%	83,326		4.00	%	83,326		4.00	%	N/A		N/A		217,837		9.74	%	89,485		4.00	%	89,485		4.00	%	N/A		N/A
West Bank	219,140		10.52	%	83,287		4.00	%	83,287		4.00	%	104,109		5.00	%	229,273		10.26	%	89,410		4.00	%	89,410		4.00	%	111,762		5.00	%

On January 1, 2015, the Company and West Bank became subject to the rules of the Basel III regulatory capital framework and related Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act changes. The ~~new~~ rules included the implementation of a capital conservation buffer that is added to the minimum requirements for capital adequacy purposes. The capital conservation buffer iswas subject to a three year phase-in period that began on January 1, 2016 and ~~will be~~was fully phased-in on January 1, 2019 at 2.5 percent. The required phase-in capital conservation buffer during 2018 iswas 1.875 ~~percent and was 1.25 percent in 2017.~~percent. A banking organization with a conservation buffer of less than the required amount will be subject to limitations on capital distributions, including dividend payments and certain discretionary bonus payments to executive officers. At June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the ratios for the Company and West Bank were sufficient to meet the ~~fully phased-in~~ conservation buffer.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market risk is the risk of earnings volatility that results from adverse changes in interest rates and market prices. The Company's market risk is primarily interest rate risk arising from its core banking activities of lending and deposit taking. Interest rate risk is the risk that the change in market interest rates may adversely affect the Company's net interest income. Management continually develops and implements strategies to mitigate this risk. The analysis of the Company's interest rate risk as of December 31, 2017 was presented in the Company's Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 1, 2018. The Company has not experienced any material changes to its interest rate risk position since December 31, 2017. Management does not believe that the Company's primary market risk exposure and management of that exposure in the first six months of 2018 materially changed compared to those in the year ended December 31, 2017.Not required for smaller reporting companies.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

a. Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. As of the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) was performed under the supervision, and with the participation, of the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act was recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms.

b. Changes in internal controls over financial reporting. There were no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

Part II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Neither the Company nor West Bank is a party, and no property of these entities is subject, to any material pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to West Bank's business. The Company does not know of any proceeding contemplated by a governmental authority against the Company or West Bank.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Management does not believe there have been any material changes in the risk factors that were disclosed in the Company's Form 10-K filed with the ~~Securities and Exchange Commission~~SEC on ~~March 1, 2018.~~February 28, 2019.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed as part of this report:



Exhibits	Description
31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.



West Bancorporation, Inc.
(Registrant)


July ~~26, 2018~~25, 2019	By:	/s/ David D. Nelson
Date		David D. Nelson
		Chief Executive Officer and President
		(Principal Executive Officer)

July ~~26, 2018~~25, 2019	By:	/s/ Douglas R. Gulling
Date		Douglas R. Gulling
		Executive Vice President, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)

July ~~26, 2018~~25, 2019	By:	/s/ ~~Marie I. Roberts~~Jane M. Funk
Date		~~Marie I. Roberts~~Jane M. Funk
		Senior Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer
		(Principal Accounting Officer)

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