Company Operations

Technical Communications Corporation (“TCC”) was incorporated in Massachusetts in 1961; its wholly-owned subsidiary, TCC Investment Corp., was organized in that jurisdiction in 1982. Technical Communications Corporation and TCC Investment Corp. are collectively referred to as the “Company”. The Company’s business consists of only one industry segment, which is the design, development, manufacture, distribution, marketing and sale of communications security devices, systems and services. The secure communications solutions provided by TCC protect vital information transmitted over a wide range of data, video, fax and voice networks. TCC’s products have been sold into over 115a significant number of countries and are in service with governments, military agencies, telecommunications carriers, financial institutions and multinational corporations.

Interim Financial Statements

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Technical Communications Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiary (collectively the Company“Company” or “TCC”) include all adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the periods presented and in order to make the financial statements not misleading. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the fiscal year endingended September 29, 2018.

The September 30, 2017 restated consolidated balance sheet was derived from the September 30, 2017 audited restated consolidated financial statement. Certain footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted as allowed by Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) rules and regulations. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s auditedrestated consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2017 ason Form 10-K filed with the SEC.June 21, 2019.

We followThe Company follows accounting standards set by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, commonly referred to as the FASB. The FASB sets generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) that we followthe Company follows to ensure weit consistently report ourreports its financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. References to GAAP issued by the FASB in these footnotes are to theFASB Accounting Standards Codification^TM- sometimes referred to as the Codification or ASC.

Liquidity and Ability to Continue as a Going Concern

The Company has suffered recurring losses from operations and had an accumulated deficit of $945,000$1,639,000 at JuneDecember 30, 2018.2017. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern within one year from the issuance date of the unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Suchstatements. The unaudited consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the uncertaintysubstantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

Weanticipate that ourthe principal sources of liquidity will only be sufficient to fund our activities through June 30, 2019.to January 2020. In order to have sufficient cash to fund our operations beyond June 30, 2019, wethat point, the Company will need to secure new customer contracts, raise additional equity or debt capital or reduce expenses, including payroll and payroll-related expenses.

In order to have sufficient capital resources to fund operations, the Company has been working diligently to secure several large orders with new and existing customers. In addition, we arethe Company is also pursuing raising capital through equity or debt arrangements. Although we believe ourthe Company believes its ability to secure such new business andor raise new capital is likely, weit cannot provide assurances weit will be able to do so.

Should wethe Company be unsuccessful in these efforts, weit would then be forced to implement headcount reductions, employee furloughs and/or reduced hours for certain employees.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Cont’d)employees or cease operations completely.

Reporting Period

The Company reports their operations on a 52-weekCompany’s by-laws call for its fiscal year with year-end beingto end on the Saturday closest to the reporting period end date.last day of September, unless otherwise decided by its Board of Directors.

NOTE 1.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Cont’d)

The discussion and analysis of ourthe financial condition and results of operations are based on our unaudited consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these unaudited consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported revenues and expenses during the reporting periods.

On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates and judgments, including but not limited to those related to revenue recognition, inventory reserves, receivable reserves, marketable securities, receivable reserves, inventory reserves,impairment of long-lived assets, income taxes, fair value of financial instruments impairment of long-lived assets, revenue recognition,and stock-based compensation and income taxes.compensation. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. By their nature, estimates are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

NOTE 2.Restatements

The Company has restated its unaudited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended December 30, 2017. The restatements reflect adjustments to correct errors in the Company’s revenue recognition for a certain contract. The error was identified during the Company’s normal closing process, in the course of the Company’s regularly scheduled audit for the year ended September 29, 2018 and during the course of a subsequent review by management. The error resulted from the misinterpretation and misapplication of ASC Topic,605 Revenue Recognition. The effects of the restatement on the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the three months ended December 30, 2017 are described below.

Correction of error in the application of the Company’s revenue recognition policy

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Cont’d)

NOTE 3.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates

The accounting policies that management believes are most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating ourthe reported financial results include the following:

Revenue Recognition

ProductThe Company’s engineering services revenue is derived from performing funded research and development and technology development for commercial companies and government agencies primarily under fixed-price contracts. On fixed-price contracts that are expected to exceed one year in duration, revenue is recognized pursuant to the proportional performance method based upon the proportion of actual costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs for the contract. The Company receives periodic progress payments based on contract terms.

Equipment sales is recognized when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, the fee is fixed or determinable, delivery of the product and passage of title to the customer has occurred and we havethe Company has determined that collection of the fee is probable. Title to the product generally passes upon shipment of the product, as the products are shipped freight on board shipping point, except for certain foreign shipments for which title passes upon entry of the product into the first port in the buyer’s country. If the product requires installation to be performed by TCC, or other acceptance criteria exist, all revenue related to the product is deferred and recognized upon completion of the installation or satisfaction of the customer acceptance criteria. We provideThe Company provides for a warranty reserve at the time the product revenue is recognized.

We perform funded researchAs of December 30, 2017, billings in excess of revenues of $764,000 were recorded as deferred revenue in relation to contracts based on proportional performance. Deferred revenue represents the cumulative difference between the amounts billed and development and technology developmentrevenue recognized for commercial companies and government agencies under both cost reimbursement and fixed-price contracts. Cost reimbursement contracts provide for the reimbursement of allowable costs and, in some situations, the payment of a fee. These contracts may contain incentive clauses providing for increases or decreases in the fee depending on how actual costs compare with a budget. Revenue from cost reimbursement contracts is recognized as services are performed. On fixed-price contracts that are expected to exceed one year in duration, revenue is recognized pursuant to the proportional performance method based upon the proportion of actual costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs for the contract. In each type of contract, we receive periodic progress payments or payments upon reaching interim milestones, and we retain the rights to the intellectual property developed in government contracts.

All payments to TCC for work performed on contracts with agencies of the U.S. government are subject to audit and adjustment by the Defense Contract Audit Agency, the U.S. Government Accountability Office and other agencies. Adjustments are recognized in the period made. There have been no government audits in recent years and the Company believes the result of such audits, should they occur, would not have a material adverse effect on its financial position or results of operations. WhenIf the current estimates of total contract revenue and contract costs for a product development contract indicate a loss, a provision for the entire loss on the contract is recorded. Any losses incurred in performing funded research and development projects are recognized as funded research and development expenses.

Cost of product revenue includes material, labor and overhead. Costs incurred in connection with funded research and development are included in cost of sales. revenue. Product development costs are charged to billable engineering services, bid and proposal efforts or business development activities, as appropriate. Product development costs charged to billable projects are recorded as cost of sales;revenue; engineering costs charged to bid and proposal efforts are recorded as selling expenses; and product development costs charged to business development activities are recorded as marketing expenses. Product development costs consist primarily of costs associated with personnel, outside contractor and engineering services, supplies and materials. Cost of product revenue includes material, labor and overhead.

Revenue for the three months ended December 30, 2017 consists of $620,000 from engineering services and $217,000 from equipment sales, compared to $632,000 from equipment sales and none from engineering services for the three months ended December 30, 2016.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Cont’d)

Inventories

We value ourThe Company values its inventory at the lower of cost (based on the first-in, first-out method) to purchase and/or manufacture and net realizable value (based on the estimated selling prices, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation) of the inventory. WeThe Company periodically reviewreviews inventory quantities on hand and recordrecords a provision for excess and/or obsolete inventory based primarily on ourthe estimated forecast of product demand, as well as historical usage. The Company evaluates the carrying value of inventory on a quarterly basis to determine whether the carrying value is in excess of net realizable value. To the extent that net realizable value is less than the associated carrying values, inventory carrying values are written down. In addition, the Company makes judgments as to future demand requirements and compares those with the current or committed inventory levels. Reserves are established for inventory levels that exceed expected future demand. It is possible that additional reserves above those already established may be required in the future if market conditions for ourthe Company’s products should deteriorate.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are reduced by an allowance for amounts that may become uncollectible in the future. The estimated allowance for uncollectible amounts is based primarily on a specific analysis of accounts in the receivable portfolio and historical write-off experience. While management believes no allowance is currently needed, if the financial condition of ourthe Company’s customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required, which would reduce our net income.In addition, if the Company becomes aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations, a specific write-off is recorded in that amount.

Accounting for Income Taxes

The preparation of ourthe Company’s unaudited consolidated financial statements requires usit to estimate our income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate,the Company operates, including those outside the United States, which may subject the Company to certain risks that ordinarily would not be expected in the United States. The income tax accounting process involves estimating our actual current exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatments of items, such as inventory obsolescence and stock-based compensation, for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities. WeThe Company must then record a valuation allowance to reduce ourit’s deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

Significant management judgment is required in determining ourthe provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets. At JuneDecember 30, 20182017 and September 30, 2017, wethe Company recorded a full valuation allowance against ourits net deferred tax assets of approximately $3.7$4.9 million, and $4.7 million, respectively due to uncertainties related to ourthe Company’s ability to realize these assets. The valuation allowance is based on our estimates of taxable income by jurisdiction and the period over which our deferred tax assets will be recoverable. In the event that actual results differ from these estimates or we adjustthe Company adjusts these estimates in future periods, weit may need to adjust ourits valuation allowance, which could materially impact ourthe Company’s financial position and results of operations.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Cont’d)

The Company follows appropriateFASB ASC 740-10,Income Taxes, relative to uncertain tax positions. This standard provides detailed guidance for the financial statement recognition, measurement and disclosure of uncertain tax positions recognized in the financial statements. Uncertain tax positions must meet a recognition threshold of more-likely-than-not in order for those tax positions to be recognized in the financial statements.

Due to the nature of ourthe Company’s current operations in foreign countries (selling products into these countries with the assistance of local representatives), the Company has not been subject to any foreign taxes in recent years, and it is not anticipated that weit will be subject to foreign taxes in the near future.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Cont’d)

Fair Value Measurements

In determining fair value measurements, the Company follows the establishedprovisions of FASB ASC 820,Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. FASB ASC 820 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value under GAAP and enhances disclosures about fair value measurements. The topic provides a consistent definition of fair value that focuses on an exit price, which is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The topic also prioritizes, within the measurement of fair value, the use of market-based information over entity-specific information and establishes a three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements based on the nature of inputs used in the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. At JuneDecember 30, 20182017 and September 30, 2017, the carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, marketable securities and accounts payable approximate fair value because of their short-term nature.

The three-level hierarchy is as follows:

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, an asset’s or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.  The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the investment.

The Company’s held to maturity securities are comprised of investments in municipal bonds. These securities represent ownership in individual bonds issued by municipalities within the United States. The value of these securities is disclosed in Note 6.8. The Company’s available for sale securities consist of mutual funds held in money market mutual funds in a brokerage account, which are classified as cash equivalents and measured at fair value.

The Company assesses the levels of the investments at each measurement date, and transfers between levels are recognized on the actual date of the event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer in accordance with the Company’s accounting policy regarding the recognition of transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy. During the ninethree month period ended JuneDecember 30, 20182017 and the year ended September 30, 2017, there were no transfers between levels.

The following table sets forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of JuneDecember 30, 20182017 and September 30, 2017, in accordance with the fair value hierarchy as defined above. As of JuneDecember 30, 20182017 and September 30, 2017, the Company did not hold any assets classified as Level 2 or Level 3.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Cont’d)

There were no assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at JuneDecember 30, 20182017 or September 30, 2017.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the calculated fair value of the award. The expense is recognized over the participant’s requisite service period, generally the vesting period of the award. The related excess tax benefit received upon the exercise of stock options, if any, is reflected in the Company’s statement of cash flows as a financing activity. There were no excess tax benefits recorded during either of the ninethree month periods ended JuneDecember 30, 20182017 and July 1, 2017.December 31, 2016.

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model as the method for determining the estimated fair value of its stock awards. The Black-Scholes method of valuation requires several assumptions: (1) the expected term of the stock award, (2) the expected future stock price volatility over the expected term, (3) a risk-free interest rate and (4) the expected dividend rate.

The expected term represents the expected period of time the Company believes the options will be outstanding based on historical information. Estimates of expected future stock price volatility are based on the historic volatility of the Company’s common stock, and the risk free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury Note rate. The Company utilizes a forfeiture rate based on an analysis of its actual experience. The forfeiture rate is not material to the calculation of share-based compensation. There were 14,000500 options granted during each of the ninethree month periodsperiod ended JuneDecember 30, 20182017 and July 1, 2017.none during the three month period ended December 31, 2016.

The following table summarizes stock-based compensation costs included in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine month periods ended JuneDecember 30, 20182017 and July 1, 2017:December 31, 2016:

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Cont’d)

As of JuneDecember 30, 2018 and July 1, 2017, there was $111,591 and $58,468, respectively,$51,651 of unrecognized compensation expense related to options outstanding. The unrecognized compensation expense will be recognized over the remaining requisite service period. As of JuneDecember 30, 2018 and July 1, 2017, the weighted average period over which the compensation expense is expected to be recognized is 4.05 and 4.06 years, respectively.3.4 years.

The Technical Communications Corporation 2005 Non-Statutory Stock Option Plan and 2010 Equity Incentive Plan were outstanding at JuneDecember 30, 2018.2017. There are an aggregate of 600,000 shares authorized for issuance under these plans, of which options to purchase 228,837246,781 shares were outstanding at JuneDecember 30, 2018.2017. Vesting periods are at the discretion of the Board of Directors and typically range between zero and five years. Options under these plans are granted with an exercise price equal to fair market value at time of grant and have a term of ten10 years from the date of grant.

As of JuneDecember 30, 2018,2017, there were 230,563240,219 shares available for grant under the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan. The 2005 Non-Statutory Stock Option Plan has expired and options are no longer available for grant under such plan.

The following table summarizes stock option activity during the first ninethree months of fiscal 2018:

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Cont’d)

Information related to the stock options vested and expected to vest as of JuneDecember 30, 20182017 is as follows:

The aggregate intrinsic value of the Company’s “in-the-money” outstanding and exercisable options as of JuneDecember 30, 20182017 and July 1, 2017December 31, 2016 was $15,270$482,282 and $0, respectively. Nonvested stock options are subject to the risk of forfeiture until the fulfillment of specified conditions.

New Accounting Pronouncements

ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, amended by ASU 2015-14 (Topic 606), ASU 2016-10, ASU 2016-11 and ASU 2016-12

In May 2014, the FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board issued guidance on the principles for recognizing revenue and developing a common revenue standard for U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards that would: (1) remove inconsistencies and weaknesses in revenue requirements, (2) provide a more robust framework for addressing revenue issues, (3) improve comparability of revenue recognition practices across entities, industries, jurisdictions, and capital markets, (4) provide more useful information to users of financial statements through improved disclosure requirements, and (5) simplify the preparation of financial statements by reducing the number of requirements to which an entity must refer. This guidance is effective prospectively for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is not permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance and is still considering whether it will not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. This guidance will become effective for TCCthe Company as of the beginning of ourthe 2019 fiscal year.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Cont’d)

ASU 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements — Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern

In August 2014, the FASB updated U.S. GAAP to eliminate a critical gap in existing standards regarding disclosure of uncertainties about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. The new guidance clarifies the disclosures management must make in the organization’s financial statement footnotes when management has substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a “going concern.” The Company adopted this standard for its fiscal year ended September 30, 2017. The adoption of this standard requires the Company to evaluate its ability to meet its obligations as they become due for a period of one year from the date that the financial statements are issued. As a result of this requirement, management has determined that substantial doubt exists about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. See further discussion in Note 1 to the financial statements.

ASU No. 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory

In July 2015, the FASB issued guidance with respect to inventory measurement. This ASU requires inventory to be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The provisions of this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendment is required to be applied prospectively, and early adoption is permitted.This amendment is applicable forguidance was adopted by the Company beginning in the first quarter of ourits 2018 fiscal year, andyear; the adoption of this standard isdid not expected to have a material impact on ourthe financial statements.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Cont’d)

ASU No. 2016-02, Leases

In February 2016, the FASB issued guidance with respect to leases. This ASU requires entities to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on its balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. This guidance offers specific accounting guidance for a lessee, a lessor and sale and leaseback transactions.

Lessees and lessors are required to disclose qualitative and quantitative information about leasing arrangements to enable a user of the financial statements to assess the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period, and requires a modified retrospective adoption, with early adoption permitted. We areThe Company is currently evaluating the potential impact this standard will have on ourthe financial statements and related disclosure.

ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting

In March 2016, the FASB issued guidance that simplifies several aspects of the accounting for employee share based payment transactions for both public and nonpublic entities, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. The new guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years.This guidance is applicable forwas adopted by the Company beginning in the first quarter of ourits 2018 fiscal year. We are currently evaluatingyear; the methodadoption of adoption and the potential impact this standard willdid not have a material impact on ourthe financial statements and related disclosure.statements.

ASU No. 2016-18, Restricted Cash Presentation on Statement of Cash Flows

In November 2016, the FASB issued guidance in regards to additional disclosure surrounding restricted cash activity. The amendments in this update require that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The new guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company has elected to early adopt effective October 1, 2017. Accordingly, restricted cash has been grouped with cash and cash equivalents on the statements of cash flows and results for the ninethree month period ended July 1, 2017December 31, 2016 have been retrospectively reclassified.

Other recent accounting pronouncements were issued by the FASB (including its Emerging Issues Task Force), the AICPA and the SEC during fiscal 2017 but such pronouncements are not believed by management to have a material impact on the Company’s present or future financial statements.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Cont’d)

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Cont’d)

December 31, 2016.