Unless the context otherwise requires, for purposes of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the words “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company,” and “Clearfield,” refer to Clearfield, Inc. and subsidiaries.

The accompanying (a) consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2022, which has been derived from audited financial statements, and (b) unaudited interim consolidated financial statements as of and for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2023 have been prepared by Clearfield in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. In the opinion of management, the consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows of the interim periods presented. Operating results for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year or for any other interim period, due to variability in customer purchasing patterns, seasonality and other factors. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2022.

In preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and related revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ significantly from these estimates.

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Clearfield, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) ~~2016~~-~~13,~~2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. In November 2018, the FASB issued update ASU ~~2018~~-192018-19 that clarifies the scope of the standard in the amendments in ASU ~~2016~~-~~13.~~2016-13. This guidance introduces a new model for recognizing credit losses on financial instruments based on an estimate of current expected credit losses. Financial instruments impacted include accounts receivable, trade receivables, other financial assets measured at amortized cost and other off-balance sheet credit exposures. The new guidance is effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal ~~2023,~~2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU ~~2016~~-132016-13 on its consolidated financial statements.

Basic net income per common share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the reporting period. Diluted EPS equals net income divided by the sum of the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding plus all additional common stock equivalents, such as stock options, when dilutive.

The following is a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of the net income per common share computations for the three and nine months ended June 30, ~~2022~~ 2023, and ~~2021:~~2022:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,				Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands, except for share data)	2022		2021		2022		2021		2023		2022		2023		2022
Net income	$	12,745	$	6,098	$	32,370	$	12,901	$	5,218	$	12,745	$	29,837	$	32,370
Weighted average common shares		13,772,269		13,732,913		13,760,950		13,718,394		15,254,341		13,772,269		14,880,666		13,760,950
Dilutive potential common shares		127,429		79,597		139,069		44,503		-		127,429		48,739		139,069
Weighted average dilutive common shares outstanding		13,899,698		13,812,510		13,900,019		13,762,897		15,254,341		13,899,698		14,929,405		13,900,019
Net income per common share:
Basic	$	0.93	$	0.44	$	2.35	$	0.94	$	0.33	$	0.93	$	2.01	$	2.35
Diluted	$	0.92	$	0.44	$	2.33	$	0.94	$	0.33	$	0.92	$	2.00	$	2.33

Note 3. Cash and Cash Equivalents

We classify investments with original maturities of 90 days or less as cash equivalents. The following table presents the Company’s cash and cash equivalents balances:

(In thousands)

June 30,
2023

September 30,
2022

Cash and cash equivalents:

Cash including money market accounts
$ 6,750 $ 16,635
Money market funds
24,635 15
Total cash and cash equivalents
$ 31,385 $ 16,650

Note 4. Investments

The Company invests in certificates of deposit (“CDs”) in amounts that are fully insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) and United States (“U.S.”) Treasury securities with terms of not more than five years, as well as ~~U.S. Treasury and~~ money market ~~securities.~~funds. Historically, the Company’s investment portfolio had been classified as held-to-maturity and recorded at amortized cost. During the second quarter of fiscal 2022, the Company sold investments and ~~has~~ reclassified its investment portfolio to available-for-sale, which is reported at fair value. The unrealized gain or loss on investment securities is recorded in other comprehensive income, net of tax. Realized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are recognized upon sale and are included in net investment income in the consolidated statement of earnings.

At As of June 30, ~~2022,~~ 2023, available-for-sale investments ~~consist~~consisted of the following:

	June 30, 2022								June 30, 2023
(In thousands)	Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Short-Term
U.S. Treasury securities									$	121,458	$	-	$	278	$	121,180
Certificates of deposit		3,962		1		69		3,894		9,750		-		204		9,546
Investment securities – short-term	$	3,962	$	1	$	69	$	3,894
Total investment securities – short-term									$	131,208	$	-	$	482	$	130,726
Long-Term
U.S treasury securities	$	16,167	$	0	$	825	$	15,342
U.S Treasury securities									$	6,711	$	-	$	610	$	6,101
Certificates of deposit		10,000		1		348		9,652		495		-		40		455
Investment securities – long-term	$	26,167	$	1	$	1,173	$	24,994
Total investment securities – long-term									$	7,206	$	-	$	650	$	6,556

At As of September 30, 2022, available-for-sale investments consisted of the following:

September 30, 2022

(In thousands)

Cost

Unrealized Gains

Unrealized Losses

Fair Value

Short-Term

Certificates of deposit
$ 5,945 $ - $ 143 $ 5,802
Total investment securities – short-term
$ 5,945 $ - $ 143 $ 5,802
Long-Term

U.S Treasury securities
16,178 - 1,085 15,093
Certificates of deposit
8,016 - 362 7,654
Total investment securities – long-term
$ 24,194 $ - $ 1,447 $ 22,747

As of June 30, ~~2022,~~ 2023, investments in debt securities in an unrealized loss position were as follows:

	In Unrealized Loss Position For Less Than 12 Months				In Unrealized Loss Position For Greater Than 12 Months				In Unrealized Loss Position For Less Than 12 Months				In Unrealized Loss Position For Greater Than 12 Months
(In thousands)	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
U.S treasury securities	$	15,342	$	825	$	0	$	0
U.S Treasury securities									$	-	$	150	$	15,464	$	738
Certificates of deposit		9,637		267		3,569		151		340		1		9,660		244
Investment securities	$	24,979	$	1,092	$	3,569	$	151
Total investment securities									$	340	$	151	$	25,124	$	982

As of June 30, ~~2022,~~ 2023, there were 6050 securities in an unrealized loss position which is due to the ~~securities~~market paying ~~lower~~a higher interest ~~rates~~rate than the ~~market.~~coupon rate on these securities. As of June 30, ~~2022,~~ 2023, there are 0no securities which are other than temporarily impaired as the Company intends to hold these securities until their value recovers and there is negligible credit risk due to the nature of the securities which are backed by the FDIC and U.S. federal government.

As of September 30, 2022, investments in debt securities in an unrealized loss position were as follows:

	In Unrealized Loss Position For Less Than 12 Months				In Unrealized Loss Position For Greater Than 12 Months
(In thousands)	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
U.S Treasury securities	$	-	$	-	$	15,093	$	1,085
Certificates of deposit		6,345		176		7,111		329
Total investment securities	$	6,345	$	176	$	22,204	$	1,414

As of September 30, 2022, there were 62 securities in an unrealized loss position which was due to the securities paying lower interest rates than the market. As of September 30, 2022, there were no securities which were other than temporarily impaired as the Company intended to hold these securities until their value recovered and there was negligible credit risk due to the nature of the securities which were backed by the FDIC and US federal government.

Note 4.5. Fair Value Measurements

The Company determines the fair value of its assets and liabilities based on the market price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company determines the fair value of U.S. treasury securities and certificates of deposit based on valuations provided by an external pricing service ~~who~~that obtains ~~them~~the valuations from a variety of industry standard data providers.

The Company’s investments are categorized according to the ~~three~~~~-level~~three-level fair value hierarchy which distinguishes between observable and unobservable inputs, in one of the following levels:

Level 1-1- Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 -2- Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3 -3- Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include those with fair value measurements that are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow valuation or similar techniques, as well as significant management judgment or estimation.

The following provides information regarding fair value measurements for ~~our~~the Company’s investment securities as of June 30, ~~2022~~ 2023, according to the ~~three~~~~-level~~three-level fair value hierarchy:

	Fair Value Measurements at June 30, 2022								Fair Value Measurements at June 30, 2023
(In thousands)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
(In thousands)									Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds									$	24,635	$	24,635	$	-	$	-
Total cash equivalents									$	24,635	$	24,635	$	-	$	-
Investment securities:
U.S treasury securities	$	15,342	$	0	$	15,342	$	0
Certificates of deposit		13,546		0		13,546		0	$	10,001	$	-	$	10,001	$	-
U.S Treasury securities										127,281		-		127,281		-
Total investment securities	$	28,888	$	0	$	28,888	$	0	$	137,282	$	-	$	137,282	$	-

~~During~~The following provides information regarding fair value measurements for the ~~nine~~ ~~months ended~~ Company’s investment securities as of September 30, 2022, according to the three-level fair value hierarchy:

Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2022

(In thousands)

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Cash equivalents:

Money market funds
$ 15 $ 15 $ - $ -
Total cash equivalents
$ 15 $ 15 $ - $ -
Investment securities:

Certificates of deposit
$ 13,456 $ - $ 13,456 $ -
U.S Treasury securities
15,093 - 15,093 -
Total investment securities
$ 28,549 $ - $ 28,549 $ -

As of June 30, ~~2022~~ 2023, and ~~the year ended~~ September 30, ~~2021,~~ we2022, and for the periods then ended, the Company owned 0no Level 3 securities and there were no transfers within the fair value level hierarchy.

Non-financial assets such as equipment and leasehold improvements, goodwill and intangible assets, and right-of-use assets for operating leases are subject to non-recurring fair value measurements if they are deemed impaired. WeThe Company had no re-measurements of non-financial assets to fair value in the ~~three~~ or nine months ended June 30, 2023, and 2022.

Note 5.6. Other Comprehensive ~~Loss~~Income (Loss)

Changes in components of ~~other comprehensive loss and taxes related to items of~~accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, are as follows:

Three Months Ended June 30, 2022

(In thousands)

Before Tax

Tax Effect
Net of Tax Amount
Unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities
$ (309 ) $ (74 ) $ (235 )

Other comprehensive loss
$ (309 ) $ (74 ) $ (235 )

Nine Months Ended June 30, 2022

(In thousands)

Before Tax

Tax Effect
Net of Tax Amount
Unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities
$ (1,241 ) $ (281 ) $ (960 )

Other comprehensive loss
$ (1,241 ) $ (281 ) $ (960 )

At ~~June 30, 2022~~ ~~components of accumulated other comprehensive loss is as follows:~~

(In thousands)

Available-for-Sale
Securities

Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Loss

Balances at September 30, 2021
$ 0 $ 0
Other comprehensive loss for the nine months ended June 30, 2022
(960 ) (960 )
Balances at June 30, 2022
$ (960 ) $ (960 )

(In thousands)	Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Available-for-Sale Securities			Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Gain (Loss)
Balances at September 30, 2022	$	(1,224	)	$	(674	)	$	(1,898	)
Other comprehensive income for the three months ended December 31, 2022		141			1,024			1,165
Balances at December 31, 2022	$	(1,083	)	$	350		$	(733	)
Other comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2023		197			302			499
Balances at March 31, 2023	$	(886	)	$	652		$	(234	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended June 30, 2023		15			(49	)		(34	)
Balances at June 30, 2023	$	(871	)	$	603		$	(268	)

Note 6.7. Stock-Based Compensation

On February 23, 2023, the Company’s shareholders approved the Clearfield, Inc. 2022 Stock Compensation Plan (the “2022 Plan”). The 2022 Plan became effective on the date of shareholder approval, and no further awards may be made under the Clearfield, Inc. Amended and Restated 2007 Stock Compensation Plan (the “Prior Plan”) following the effective date of the 2022 Plan. The total number of shares of stock reserved and available for distribution under the 2022 Plan upon approval was 1,461,461 shares, which includes the number of shares remaining for grant and delivery under the Prior Plan, plus any shares subject to outstanding awards under the Prior Plan as of the effective date of the 2022 Plan that were forfeited, cancelled or settled for cash.

The Company recorded ~~$638,000~~$1,059,000 and ~~$1,647,000~~$2,504,000 of compensation expense related to current and past restricted stock grants, non-qualified stock options, and the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2023. For the three months ended June 30, 2023, $1,016,000 of this expense is included in selling, general and administrative expense, and $43,000 is included in cost of sales. For the nine months ended June 30, 2023, $2,377,000 of this expense is included in selling, general and administrative expense, and $126,000 is included in cost of sales. The Company recorded $638,000 and $1,647,000 of compensation expense related to current and past restricted stock grants, non-qualified stock options, and the Company’s ESPP for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2022, ~~$606,000~~$606,000 of this expense is included in selling, general and administrative expense, and $32,000 is included in cost of sales. For the nine months ended June 30, 2022, ~~$1,552,000~~$1,552,000 of this expense is included in selling, general and administrative expense, and $95,000 is included in cost of sales. ~~The Company recorded $343,055 and $966,290~~As of ~~compensation expense related to current and past restricted stock grants, non-qualified stock options and the Company’s ESPP for the~~ ~~three~~ ~~and~~ ~~nine~~ ~~months ended~~ June 30, ~~2021,~~ ~~respectively. For the~~ ~~three~~ ~~months ended~~ ~~June 30, 2021,~~ ~~$328,710 of this expense is included in selling, general and administrative expense, and $14,345 is included in cost of sales. For the~~ ~~nine~~ ~~months ended~~ ~~June 30, 2021,~~ ~~$923,256 of this expense is included in selling, general and administrative expense, and $43,034 is included in cost of sales. As of~~ ~~June 30, 2022,~~ ~~$4,020,000~~2023, $5,385,000 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested restricted stock awards and stock options is expected to be recognized over a period of approximately ~~2.4~~2.9 years.

Stock Options

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of options granted. During the nine months ended June 30, ~~2022,~~ 2023, the Company granted employees non-qualified stock options to purchase an aggregate of ~~62,730~~40,266 shares of common stock with a weighted average contractual term of five years, a weighted average three-year vesting term, and a weighted average exercise price of ~~$66.48.~~$64.38 per share. During the nine months ended June 30, ~~2021,~~ 2022, the Company granted employees non-qualified stock options to purchase an aggregate of ~~105,089~~62,730 shares of common stock with a weighted average contractual term of five years, a weighted average ~~three-year~~three-year vesting term, and a weighted average exercise price of ~~$23.74~~$66.48.

The fair value of stock option awards during the nine months ended June 30, ~~2022~~ 2023, was estimated as of the respective grant dates using the assumptions listed below:

	Nine months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023
Dividend yield		0	%
Expected volatility		~~52.02~~63.14	%
Risk-free interest rate		~~0.97~~3.75	%
Expected life ~~(years)~~in years		3.5
Vesting period ~~(years)~~in years		3

The expected stock price volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock for a period approximating the expected life. The expected life represents the period of time that options are expected to be outstanding after their grant date. The risk-free interest rate reflects the interest rate as of the grant date on ~~zero~~~~-coupon~~zero-coupon U.S. governmental bonds with a remaining life similar to the expected option term.

Options are granted with exercise prices at fair market values determined on the date of grant and vesting normally occurs over a three to five-year period. Shares issued upon exercise of a stock option are issued from the Company’s authorized but unissued shares.

The following is a summary of stock option activity during the nine months ended June 30, ~~2022:~~2023:

	Number of options			Weighted average exercise price		Number of options			Weighted average exercise price
Outstanding as of September 30, 2021		301,514		$	16.25
Outstanding as of September 30, 2022							236,509		$	31.30
Granted		62,730			66.48		40,266			64.38
Exercised		(20,169	)		13.70		(21,630	)		26.16
Forfeited or Expired		(2,084	)		19.94		(1,021	)		18.18
Outstanding as of June 30, 2022		341,991		$	25.59
Outstanding as of June 30, 2023							254,124		$	37.04

The intrinsic value of an option is the amount by which the fair value of the underlying stock exceeds its exercise price. As of June 30, ~~2022,~~ 2023, the weighted average remaining contractual term for all outstanding and exercisable stock options was ~~1.91~~2.53 years and their aggregate intrinsic value was ~~$6,824,000.~~$2,193,000.

Restricted Stock

The Company’s ~~2007~~2022 Stock Compensation Plan permits ~~its~~the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors to grant stock-based awards, including stock options and restricted stock, to key employees and non-employee directors. The Company has made restricted stock grants that vest over one to ten years.

During the nine months ended June 30, 2023, the Company granted employees restricted stock awards totaling 34,674 shares of common stock, with a vesting term of approximately three years and a fair value of $72.26 per share. During the nine months ended June 30, 2023, the Company granted the non-employee directors restricted stock awards totaling 6,818 shares of common stock, with a vesting term of approximately one year and a fair value of $61.56 per share.

During the nine months ended June 30, 2022, the Company granted newly elected non-employee directors restricted stock awards totaling 318 and 2,758 shares of common stock, with a vesting term of approximately one year and a fair value of $62.77 and $63.35 per share, respectively. During the nine months ended June 30, 2022, the Company granted the non-employees directors restricted stock awards totaling 3,118 shares of common stock, with a vesting term of approximately one year and a fair value of $64.11 per share. During the nine months ended June 30, 2022, the Company also granted employees restricted stock awards totaling 23,318 shares of common stock, with a vesting term of approximately three years and a fair value of $66.48 per share.

~~During the~~ ~~nine~~ ~~months ended~~ ~~June 30, 2021,~~ ~~the Company granted non-employee directors elected at the Company’s~~ ~~2021~~ ~~Annual Meeting of Shareholders restricted stock awards totaling 2,120 shares of common stock, with a vesting term of approximately~~ ~~one~~ ~~year and a fair value of $32.41 per share. During the~~ ~~nine~~ ~~months ended~~ ~~June 30, 2021,~~ ~~the Company also granted employees restricted stock awards totaling 37,687 shares of common stock, with a vesting term of approximately~~ ~~three~~ ~~years and a fair value of $23.74 per share.~~

Restricted stock transactions during the nine months ended June 30, ~~2022~~ 2023, are summarized as follows:

	Number of shares			Weighted average grant date fair value		Number of shares			Weighted average grant date fair value
Unvested shares as of September 30, 2021		108,839		$	17.14
Unvested shares as of September 30, 2022							98,508		$	31.51
Granted		29,512			65.90		41,492			70.50
Vested		(14,384	)		25.02		(25,759	)		46.25
Forfeited		(2,749	)		16.84		(956	)		17.12
Unvested as of June 30, 2022		121,218		$	28.08
Unvested as of June 30, 2023							113,285		$	42.56

Bonus Stock

During the nine months ended June 30, 2023, the Company granted employees an aggregate of 9,144 shares of common stock as a discretionary bonus for fiscal 2022 performance. The bonus stock consisted of common stock with no vesting period or restrictions. The fair value on the date of issuance was $104.36 per share.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The Company’s ESPP allows participating employees to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at a discount through payroll deductions. The ESPP is available to all employees subject to certain eligibility requirements. ~~Terms~~The terms of the ESPP provide those participating employees the ability to purchase the Company’s common stock on a voluntary after-tax basis. Employees may purchase the Company’s common stock at a price that is no less than the lower of 85% of the fair market value of one share of common stock at the beginning or end of each stock purchase period or phase. The ESPP is carried out in ~~six~~~~-month~~six-month phases, with phases beginning on January 1 and July 1 of each calendar year. For the phase that ended on June 30, ~~2022~~ ~~and~~ ~~December 31, 2021,~~ 2023, employees purchased ~~5,605 and 7,678~~7,754 shares at a price of ~~$52.66 and $32.43~~$40.25 per ~~share, respectively.~~share. For the phase that ended on December 31, 2022, employees purchased 5,585 shares at a price of $53.52 per share. After the employee purchase on June 30, ~~2022,~~ ~~181,590~~2023, 168,251 shares of common stock were available for future purchase under the ESPP.

Note 7.8. Revenue

Revenue Recognition

Net sales include products and shipping and handling charges. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring products. All revenue is recognized when the Company satisfies its performance obligations under the applicable sales contract. The Company recognizes revenue by transferring the promised products to the customer, with substantially all revenue recognized at the point in time the customer obtains control of the products. The Company recognizes revenue for shipping and handling charges at the time the products are delivered to or picked up by the customer. The majority of the Company’s sales contracts have a single performance obligation and are ~~short term~~short-term in nature. Sales taxes and value added taxes in foreign jurisdictions that are collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are accounted for on a net basis and therefore are excluded from net sales.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The Company allocates sales from external customers to geographic areas based on the location to which the product is transported. Sales outside the United States are principally to countries in Europe, the Caribbean, Canada, Central America and South America.

Revenues related to the following geographic areas were as follows for the three and nine months ended:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,				Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2022		2021		2022		2021		2023		2022		2023		2022
United States	$	68,788	$	35,810	$	170,010	$	89,586	$	47,098	$	68,788	$	181,508	$	170,010
All other countries		2,462		2,925		5,844		5,933		14,186		2,462		37,527		5,844
Total Net Sales	$	71,250	$	38,735	$	175,854	$	95,519	$	61,284	$	71,250	$	219,035	$	175,854

The Company manufactures and sells a proprietary product ~~line~~lines designed for the Broadband Service Provider marketplace. In addition, the Company’s Legacy business provides build-to-print services for original equipment manufacturers requiring copper and fiber cable assemblies built to their ~~specification.~~specifications.

The percentages of ~~our~~the Company’s sales by markets were as follows for the three and nine months ended:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021			2023			2022			2023			2022
Broadband service providers		99	%		98	%		99	%		98	%		97	%		99	%		96	%		99	%
Legacy customers		1	%		2	%		1	%		2	%
Other customers														3	%		1	%		4	%		1	%
Total Net Sales		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%

Broadband Service Providers are made up of Community Broadband, which includes local and regional telecom companies, utilities, municipalities and alternative carriers, multiple system operators (“~~MSO’s,~~MSO’s” or ~~Cable~~“Cable TV”), which are also referred to as Tier 2 and Tier 3 customers; National Carriers, which includes large national and global wireline and wireless providers, also referred to as Tier 1’s; Large Regional Service Providers, which are independent local exchange carriers (ILECs) with footprints of 500,000 subscribers and ~~International~~above; and international customers. Other customers include sales of copper cable, build-to-print copper assemblies and other contract manufacturing.

Accounts Receivable

Credit is extended based on the evaluation of a customer’s financial condition, and collateral is generally not required. Accounts that are outstanding longer than the contractual payment terms are considered past due. The Company writes off accounts receivable when they become uncollectible; payments subsequently received on such receivables are credited to the allowance for doubtful accounts. As of both June 30, ~~2022~~ 2023, and September 30, ~~2021,~~ 2022, the balance in the allowance for doubtful accounts was $79,000.

See Note 9 “Major Customer Concentration” for further information regarding accounts receivable and net sales.

Note 8. ~~Inventories~~

~~Inventories consist of the following as of:~~

(In thousands)

June 30,
2022

September 30,
2021

Raw materials
$ 58,456 $ 23,072
Work-in-process
6,437 2,482
Finished goods
6,131 3,361
Inventories, gross
71,023 28,915
Inventory reserve
(1,683 ) (1,391 )
Inventories, net
$ 69,341 $ 27,524

~~Note~~ 9. Major Customer Concentration

For the three months ended June 30, 2023, Customer A, a distributor, comprised 17% of the Company’s net sales. For the nine months ended June 30, 2023, Customer A comprised 16% of the Company’s net sales.

For the three months ended June 30, 2022, Customers A and B, both distributors, comprised 18% and 11% of the Company’s net sales, respectively. ~~Customers A and B are distributors.~~ For the nine months ended June 30, 2022, Customer A comprised 15% of the Company’s net sales. ~~Customer A is a distributor. For the~~ ~~three~~ ~~months ended~~ ~~June 30, 2021,~~ ~~Customers A and C comprised~~ ~~18%~~ ~~and 12% of the Company’s net sales, respectively. For the~~ ~~nine~~ ~~months ended~~ ~~June 30, 2021,~~ ~~Customers A and C comprised 20% and 11% of the Company’s net sales, respectively. Both of these customers were distributors.~~ These major customers, like our other customers, purchase our products from time to time through purchase orders, and the Company does not have any agreements that obligate these major customers to purchase products from us in the future.

As of June 30, ~~2022,~~ ~~Customers A and D~~2023, Customer C, a distributor, comprised ~~13% and 11%~~16% of the Company’s accounts receivable. As of September 30, 2022, Customer D, is a ~~National Carrier. As of~~ ~~September 30, 2021,~~ ~~Customer E was 16%~~distributor, comprised 20% of accounts receivable. ~~Customer E is a regional broadband service provider.~~

Note 10. Inventories

Inventories consist of the following as of:

(In thousands)

June 30,
2023

September 30,
2022

Raw materials
$ 77,386 $ 69,142
Work-in-process
3,501 4,592
Finished goods
29,197 10,803
Inventories, gross
110,084 84,537
Inventory reserve
(5,081 ) (2,329 )
Inventories, net
$ 105,003 $ 82,208

Note 11. Goodwill and Intangibles

The Company analyzes its goodwill for impairment annually or at an interim period when events occur or changes in circumstances indicate potential impairment. The result of the analysis performed as of September 30, ~~2021~~ 2022, did not indicate an impairment of goodwill. During the nine months ended June 30, ~~2022,~~ 2023, there were no triggering events that indicate potential impairment exists.

The Company capitalizes legal costs incurred to obtain patents. Once accepted by either the U.S. Patent Office or the equivalent office of a foreign country, these legal costs are amortized using the straight-line method over the remaining estimated lives of the patents, not exceeding 20 years. As of June 30, ~~2022,~~ 2023, the Company has 3147 patents granted and multiple pending applications both inside and outside the United States.

In addition, the Company has various finite lived intangible assets, most of which were acquired as a result of the acquisition of the active cabinet product line from Calix, Inc. during fiscal year ~~2018.~~2018 and the acquisition of Nestor Cables in fiscal year 2022. The Company analyzes its intangible assets for impairment annually or at interim periods when events occur or changes in circumstances indicate potential impairment. The result of the analysis performed as of September 30, ~~2021~~ 2022, did not indicate an impairment of ~~our~~the Company’s intangible assets. During the nine months ended June 30, ~~2022,~~ 2023, there were 0no triggering events that indicate potential impairment exists.

Note 12. Segment Reporting

The Company’s reportable segments are based on the Company’s method of internal reporting. These results are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have occurred had each segment been an independent, stand-alone entity during the periods presented. The internal reporting of these operating segments is defined based, in part, on the reporting and review process used by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer.

Upon closing of the acquisition of Nestor Cables on July 26, 2022, the Company reassessed its operating segments as defined under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 280, Segment Reporting. Under ASC 280, operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise where discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker (“CODM”), in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Based upon the Company’s assessment, the Company determined that the business of Nestor Cables was considered a second reportable segment as of July 26, 2022.

For the third quarter of fiscal 2023, the Company has two reportable segments: (1) Clearfield; and (2) Nestor Cables. Clearfield’s Finnish holding company, Clearfield Finland Ltd., purchased Nestor Cables Ltd., including its Estonian subsidiary, Nestor Cables Baltics Ltd., on July 26, 2022. These entities comprise the Nestor Cables Segment. Prior to July 26, 2022, we were considered to be in a single reporting segment and operating unit structure.

Financial results for the reportable segments are prepared on a basis consistent with the internal disaggregation of financial information to assist the CODM in making internal operating decisions. For consolidated reporting, the Company eliminates transactions between reportable segments.

The following table summarizes the amounts between the two reportable segments for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2023:

	Three months ended June 30, 2023
	Clearfield		Nestor Cables		Eliminations			Consolidated
(In thousands)
Revenue from external customers	$	47,856	$	13,428	$	-		$	61,284
Revenue from internal customers (Clearfield, Inc.)		-		1,869		(1,869	)		-
Net investment income		1,685		1		(56	)		1,630
Interest expense		-		252		(56	)		195
Depreciation and amortization		1,208		371		-			1,579
Stock based compensation		1,041		18		-			1,059
Income taxes		1,659		183		-			1,842
Net income (loss)		5,150		781		(713	)		5,218
Capital expenditures		1,472		258		-			1,729

	Nine months ended June 30, 2023
	Clearfield		Nestor Cables		Eliminations			Consolidated
(In thousands)
Revenue from external customers	$	186,662	$	32,373	$	-		$	219,035
Revenue from internal customers (Clearfield, Inc.)		-		4,792		(4,792	)		-
Net investment income		3,379		5		(56	)		3,328
Interest expense		170		437		(56	)		551
Depreciation and amortization		3,316		1,096		-			4,411
Stock based compensation		2,486		18		-			2,504
Income taxes		8,305		206		-			8,511
Net income (loss)		30,263		873		(1,299	)		29,837
Capital expenditures		5,961		570		-			6,531

The following table summarizes the amounts between the two reportable segments as of June 30, 2023, and September 30, 2022:

	June 30, 2023
	Clearfield		Nestor Cables		Eliminations			Consolidated
(In thousands)
Goodwill	$	4,709	$	1,872	$	-		$	6,581
Total assets	$	336,935	$	49,598	$	(25,332	)	$	361,201

	September 30, 2022
	Clearfield		Nestor Cables		Eliminations			Consolidated
(In thousands)
Goodwill	$	4,709	$	1,693	$	-		$	6,402
Total assets	$	214,785	$	31,023	$	(16,680	)	$	229,128

Note ~~11.~~13. Financing Receivables

Nestor Cables factors certain of its accounts receivable, with recourse provisions that are accounted for as a secured borrowing. Nestor Cables has a total factoring liability of $8,722,000 as of June 30, 2023. Nestor Cables receives cash for 80% of the receivable balance from the bank initially and the remaining 20% when the invoice is paid up to a limit of €12.5 million ($13.6 million as of June 30, 2023). Due to the conditions mentioned above, these transactions do not qualify as a sale and are thus accounted for as secured borrowing. The contractual interest rate on Nestor Cables’ factoring arrangements is the 3-month Euribor rate plus a range of 0.75% to 1.3%. The average interest rate for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2023, was 4.29% and 3.49%, respectively. These agreements are indefinite with a termination notice period ranging from zero to one month.

Note 14. Income Taxes

For the three and nine months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recorded income tax expense of $1,842,000 and $8,511,000 reflecting an effective tax rate of 26.1% and 22.2%, respectively. The difference between the effective tax rate and the statutory tax rate for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2023, was primarily related to excess tax benefits from non-qualified stock option exercises and vesting of restricted stock, Section 162(m) compensation deduction limitations, foreign derived intangibles income (FDII) deduction, and research and development credits.

For the three and nine months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recorded income tax expense of $3,884,000 and $9,480,000, reflecting an effective tax rate of 23.4% and 22.7%, respectively. The difference between the effective tax rate and the statutory tax rate for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2022, was primarily related to Section ~~162~~~~(m)~~162(m) compensation deduction limitations, nondeductible acquisition costs, foreign derived intangibles income deduction, ~~(FDII),~~ and research and development credits.

~~For the~~ ~~three~~ ~~and~~ ~~nine~~ ~~months ended~~ ~~June 30, 2021,~~ the Company recorded income tax expense of $1,725,000 and $3,344,000, reflecting an effective tax rate of 22.1% and 20.6%, respectively. The differences between the effective tax rate and the statutory tax rate for the ~~three~~ ~~and~~ ~~nine~~ ~~months ended~~ ~~June 30, 2021~~ ~~were primarily related~~

~~to excess tax benefits from non-qualified stock options exercised during the period, research and development credits, and foreign derived intangibles income deduction (FDII).~~

Deferred taxes recognize the impact of temporary differences between the amounts of the assets and liabilities recorded for financial statement purposes and these amounts measured in accordance with tax laws. The Company’s realization of deferred tax temporary differences is contingent upon future taxable earnings. The Company reviewed its deferred tax asset for expected utilization using a “more likely than not” criteria by assessing the available positive and negative factors surrounding its recoverability and determined that as of June 30, ~~2022~~ 2023, and September 30, ~~2021~~ 2022, a valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets is not required. The Company will continue to assess the need for a valuation allowance based on changes in assumptions of estimated future income and other factors in future periods.

As of June 30, ~~2022,~~ 2023, the Company does not have any unrecognized tax benefits. It is the Company’s practice to recognize interest and penalties accrued on any unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. The Company does not expect any material changes in its unrecognized tax positions over the next 12 months.

Note ~~12.~~15. Leases

The Company leases an 85,000 square foot facility at ~~7050~~ ~~Winnetka Avenue North,~~in Brooklyn Park, Minnesota consisting of corporate offices, manufacturing and warehouse space. The lease term is ten years and two months, ending on February 28, 2025, and is renewable. The renewal options have not been included within the lease term because it is not reasonably certain that the Company will exercise either option.

In July 2021, the Company entered into an indirect lease arrangement for an approximately 318,000 square foot manufacturing facility in Tijuana, ~~Mexico.~~Mexico that operates as a Maquiladora. The lease term is for 7seven years, of which 5five years are mandatory, commencing in March 2022. The lease contains written options to renew for two additional consecutive periods of 5five years each. The lease calls for monthly rental payments of $162,000, increasing 2% annually. The renewal options have not been included within the lease term because it is not reasonably certain that the Company will exercise either option.

On November 19, 2021, the Company signed a lease for a 105,000 square foot warehouse in Brooklyn Park, Minnesota. The lease term is five years commencing in March 2022 and ending on February 28, 2027, with rent payments increasing annually. The lease includes an option to extend the lease for an additional five years. The renewal option has not been included within the lease term because it is not reasonably certain that the Company will exercise the option.

Nestor Cables leases an approximately 25,000 square foot manufacturing facility in Oulu, Finland, which is utilized for the operations of Nestor Cables. The original lease term ended on October 31, 2022, but auto renews indefinitely until terminated with two years written notice. It is not reasonably certain that Nestor Cables will not exercise the termination option. The lease ~~commenced in~~calls for monthly rental payments of approximately $40,000. Rent is increased each year on January 1st based upon the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of fiscal~~ ~~2022.~~cost-of-living index published by the Finnish government.

On May 11, 2023, Nestor Cables signed a lease for an approximately 49,000 square foot manufacturing facility in Tabasalu, Estonia, to be utilized for the operations of Nestor Cables Baltics. The lease is without a fixed term and requires two years’ written notice to terminate the lease. Additionally, the lease grants to Nestor Cables the option to lease an expansion facility that is to be constructed no later than August 31, 2024. The expansion facility will be constructed on the same premises as the existing facility. Once the expansion option is exercised and the expansion facility is made available for use, the lease term of the existing facility will become a minimum of 60 months.

The Company evaluated the terms of the lease and concluded that Nestor Cables is reasonably certain that it will exercise the expansion option, therefore the lease term being applied by the Company under ASC842 is at least 60 months.

The lease calls for monthly rental payments of approximately €20,400 until April 2024 and €25,000 afterwards. Rent is increased each year on May 1st based upon the cost-of-living index published by the Finnish government and capped at 5%.

Right-of-use lease assets and lease liabilities are recognized as of the commencement date based on the present value of the remaining lease payments over the lease term which includes renewal periods the Company is reasonably certain to exercise. The Company’s leases do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

Operating lease expense included within cost of goods sold and selling, general and administrative expense was as follows for the three ~~and~~ ~~nine~~ months ended:

Operating lease expense within:	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Operating lease expense within: (in thousands)									Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
									2023		2022		2023		2022
Cost of sales	$	797	$	242	$	1,521	$	748	$	1,029	$	797	$	2,991	$	1,521
Selling, general and administrative		54		51		166		162		63		54		182		166
Total lease expense	$	851	$	293	$	1,687	$	910	$	1,092	$	851	$	3,173	$	1,687

Future maturities of lease liabilities were as follows as of June 30, ~~2022 (~~in2023 (in thousands):

FY2022 (Remaining)	$	778
FY2023		3,158
FY2023(Remaining)				$	1,302
FY2024		3,233			4,217
FY2025		2,997			3,433
FY2026		2,844			3,253
FY2027					1,583
Thereafter		1,196			3,097
Total lease payments		14,206			16,885
Less: Interest		(951	)		(1,591	)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	13,255		$	15,294

The weighted average term and weighted average discount rate for the Company’s leases as of June 30, ~~2022~~ 2023, were 5.10 years and 3.58%, respectively, compared to 4.47 years and 3.05%, respectively, ~~compared to 3.09 years and 3.41%, respectively,~~ as of June 30, ~~2021.~~ 2022. For the three and nine months ended June 30, ~~2022,~~ 2023, the operating cash outflows from the Company’s leases ~~was~~were $1,012,000 and $2,910,000, respectively, compared to $617,000 and $1,167,000 ~~compared to $243,000 and $723,000~~respectively, for the three and nine months ended June 30, ~~2021.~~2022.

Note ~~13.~~ ~~Line of Credit~~16. Debt

On April 27, 2022, the Company entered into a loan agreement and a security agreement with ~~Bremer Bank, National Association,~~a bank that provides the Company with a ~~$40 million~~$40,000,000 revolving line of credit that is secured by certain of the Company’s U.S. assets. The line of credit matures on April 27, 2025, and borrowed amounts will bear interest at a variable rate of the CME Group ~~one~~~~-month~~one-month term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus 1.85%, but not less than 1.80% per annum. As of September 30, 2022, the Company had outstanding debt of $16,700,000 against its line of credit. During the quarter ended December 31, 2022, the Company paid the outstanding balance of the revolving line of credit. As of June 30, 2023, the outstanding balance on the revolving line of credit was zero and the interest rate was 7.01%. The loan agreement and the security agreement ~~contains~~contain customary affirmative and negative covenants and requirements relating to the Company and its operations, including a requirement that the Company maintain a debt service coverage ratio of not less than 1.20 to 1 as of the end of each fiscal year ~~for the fiscal year then ended~~ and maintain a debt to cash flow ratio of not greater than 2 to 1 measured as of the end of each of the Company’s fiscal quarters for the trailing twelve (12) (12) month period. Debt service coverage ratio is the ratio of Cash Available for Debt Service to Debt Service, each as defined in the loan agreement. Debt and Cash Flow are also as defined in the loan agreement for the purposes of the debt to cash flow ratio covenant. As of June 30, ~~2022,~~ 2023, the Company ~~had~~ no ~~outstanding balance on the line of credit and~~ was in compliance with all covenants. ~~See Note~~ ~~14.~~ ~~Subsequent Events..~~The line of credit is collateralized by the assets of the Clearfield segment.

During March 2021, Nestor Cables entered into a loan agreement, providing a $2 million senior loan with a term of three years. The Finland National Emergency Supply Agency (“NESA”) pays the interest, capped at 5% with the interest to be paid by NESA when the loan is used for stockpiling purposes and is repayable with a 2% additional interest penalty if there is a violation of the terms. The loan is due on March 31, 2024. The loan is fully secured by a Finnish government guarantee. If used for any purposes other than stockpiling, the lender has the right to terminate the agreement and the entire outstanding balance will become due. As of June 30, 2023, Nestor Cables was in compliance with all covenants. The interest expense associated with this loan has been presented net of government payments on the Company’s consolidated statement of earnings.

~~Note~~ ~~14.~~ ~~Subsequent Events~~

On ~~July 26, 2022,~~ the Company completed the acquisition of Nestor Cables Oy (“Nestor”), a leading developer and manufacturer of fiber optic cable solutions located in Finland, upon the terms and conditions contained in a Share Sale and Purchase Agreement entered into on ~~May 17, 2022.~~ ~~The total purchase price and the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred for the shares totaled~~ ~~€7.9~~ ~~million in addition to~~ ~~€7.6~~ million related to the repayment of certain of Nestor’s debt. The purchase price was funded from a draw of $16.7 million under the Company’s revolving line of credit. The Company is in the process of finalizing the purchase accounting under ASC ~~805~~~~- Business Combinations~~.

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are not purely historical are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements relate to future events and typically address the Company’s expected future business and financial performance. Words such as “plan,” “expect,” “aim,” “believe,” “project,” “target,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “will,” “should,” “could” and other words and terms of similar meaning, typically identify these forward-looking statements.Forward-looking statements are based on certain assumptions and expectations of future events and trends that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ from those projected in any forward-looking statements because of the factors identified in and incorporated by reference from Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as in other filings we make with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which should be considered an integral part of Part I, Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” All forward-looking statements included herein are made as the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and we assume no obligation to update the forward-looking statements or to update the reasons why actual results could differ from those projected in the forward-looking statements.

The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations as of and for the three and nine months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022 should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes in Item 1 of this report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, ~~2021.~~2022.

OVERVIEW

General

Clearfield, Inc. ~~(“Clearfield” or~~, together with its subsidiaries, is referred to in this report as “we,” “us,” “our,” and the ~~“Company”) designs, manufactures,~~“Company.” We design, manufacture, and ~~distributes~~distribute fiber ~~optic~~protection, fiber management, ~~protection~~ and fiber delivery ~~products for communications networks.~~solutions to enable rapid and cost-effective fiber-fed deployment throughout the broadband service provider space primarily across North America and Europe. Our “fiber to the anywhere” platform serves the unique requirements of leading Broadband Service Providers in the United States, ~~(“U.S.”),~~ which include Community Broadband, MSO’s, Large Regional Service Providers, and National Carriers, while also serving the broadband needs of the International markets, primarily countries in Europe, the Caribbean, Canada, and Central and South America. These customers are collectively included in Broadband Service Providers. The Company also provides contract manufacturing services for its Legacy customers which include original equipment manufacturers (OEM) requiring copper and fiber cable assemblies built to their specifications.

We are engaged in global operations. Our operations are currently comprised of two reportable segments: the Clearfield Operating Segment (referred to herein as “Clearfield”) and, since July 26, 2022, the Nestor Cables Operating Segment (referred to herein as “Nestor Cables” or “Nestor”). Prior to July 26, 2022, we were considered to be in a single reporting segment and operating unit structure.

On July 26, 2022, the Company acquired Nestor Cables Ltd., a leading developer and manufacturer of fiber optic cable solutions located in Finland. The purchase of Nestor Cables is expected to provide the Company with the ability to vertically integrate the supply of fiber optic cables and help meet customer demand for its products. Nestor Cables’ technical expertise is expected to extend the supply of the Company’s FieldShield products into the North American market to reduce cost and complexity of transportation.

Upon closing of the acquisition of Nestor Cables, the Company reassessed its operating segments as defined under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 280, Segment Reporting. Under ASC 280, operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise where discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker (“CODM”), in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Based upon the Company’s assessment, the Company determined that the business of Nestor Cables was considered a second reportable segment as of July 26, 2022.

Nestor Cables Operating Segment

As of July 26, 2022, Clearfield, Inc., through its Finnish subsidiary, Clearfield Finland Ltd., acquired Nestor Cables. Nestor Cables is based in Oulu, Finland, with operations in Estonia through its wholly owned subsidiary, Nestor Cables Baltics Ltd. Nestor Cables manufactures fiber optic and copper telecommunication cables and equipment, which it distributes to telecommunication operators, network owners, electric companies, building contractors, and industrial companies. Prior to the acquisition, Nestor Cables had been a supplier to Clearfield for over a decade and that relationship continued following the closing of the acquisition. Nestor Cables has two types of production processes, the process of making cable in its Finland facility and the finished assembly portion of its business performed in Estonia. Nestor Cables’ customer base includes telecom operators, network owners, contractors, industries and wholesalers. Products are sold via distributors and directly to end users. Nestor Cables is subject to Finnish government regulation, and Nestor Cables Baltics is subject to Estonian government regulation.

Clearfield Operating Segment

Clearfield is focused on providing fiber management, fiber protection, and fiber delivery products that accelerate the turn-up of gigabit speed bandwidth to residential homes, businesses, and network infrastructure in the wireline and wireless access network. We offer a broad portfolio of fiber products that allow service providers to build fiber networks faster, meet service delivery demands, and align build costs with take rates.

Clearfield’s products allow its customers to connect homes in their Fiber to the Home (“FTTH”) builds by using fewer resources in less time. Our products speed up the time to revenue for our service provider customers in Multiple Dwelling Units (“MDUs”) and Multiple Tenant Units (“MTUs”) by reducing the amount of labor and materials needed to provide gigabit service. Our products help make business services more profitable through faster building access, easier reconfiguration and quicker services turn-up. Finally, Clearfield is removing barriers to wireless 4G/5G small cell, Cloud Radio Access Network (“C-RAN”), and distributed antenna system (“DAS”) deployments through better fiber management, test access, and fiber protection. The Company has historically focused on the unserved or underserved rural communities that receive voice, video and data services from independent telephone companies. By aligning its in-house engineering and technical knowledge alongside its customers, the Company has been able to develop, customize and enhance products from design through production. Final build and assembly of the Company’s products is completed at Clearfield’s manufacturing facilities in Brooklyn Park, Minnesota, and the manufacturing facility in Tijuana, Mexico that operates as a Maquiladora, with manufacturing support from a network of domestic and global manufacturing partners. Clearfield specializes in producing these products on both a quick-turn and scheduled delivery basis. The Company deploys a hybrid sales model with some sales made directly to customers, some made through two-tier distribution (channel) partners, sales agents and manufacturing representatives, and some sales made through original equipment suppliers who private label their products.

Under U.S. federal and state guidance in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Clearfield’s operations are classified as part of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (“CISA”) critical infrastructure sector and similar categorization in Minnesota. In March 2020, we transitioned our corporate employees at our Brooklyn Park headquarters to remote work arrangements and they currently continue primarily working remote. In accordance with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (“CDC”) and World Health Organization (“WHO”) guidelines, we implemented and have continued health and safety measures for the production staff that remain onsite at our Brooklyn Park facility. We have maintained our manufacturing capacity in Brooklyn Park with these personnel at near historic levels. Similarly, we have implemented the recommended health and safety measures for the production staff that remains onsite at our Tijuana, Mexico manufacturing facilities. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company has closely monitored the operations and staffing levels at its Brooklyn Park facility and its manufacturing operations in Tijuana, Mexico.

Due to the risks to timely supply of materials to our facilities, we have taken multiple actions to ensure sufficient safety stock inventory levels at both our Minnesota and Mexico facilities. Additionally, we made the decision to maximize the availability of all product lines at all of our plants by assuring that each location can manufacture across our broad product portfolio. These actions, combined with our historic practice of dual sourcing most of our components, has positioned us to meet our obligations to customers and to fulfill our sales order backlog. However, in the event of serious border restrictions or border delays, continuing or worsening component material shortages, supply chain transportation delays, or other serious disruption in our supply chain, we may experience diminished or temporarily suspended operations, longer lead times than typical for product deliveries, or temporarily suspended product deliveries, which would result in delayed or reduced revenue from the affected orders in production and higher operating costs. In addition, due to the unprecedented lead-times and challenges in the global supply chain, we are working with our customers to place longer lead-time purchase orders to ensure availability of components and materials from our supply chain. Based on current supply chain dynamics, lead times have stretched to 8 to 20 weeks or longer for certain product categories. The Company is working to manage lead times to more historic levels from receipt of purchase order. As part of our forward-looking capacity planning in order to meet the significant demand for our products, we’ve expanded our operations with two new facilities which came online in the second quarter of fiscal 2022. Our new manufacturing center in Mexico provides us with 318,000 square feet of capacity, and our new distribution center in Minnesota adds 105,000 square feet.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

THREE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, ~~2022~~2023, VS. THREE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, ~~2021~~2022

Net sales for the third quarter of fiscal ~~2022~~2023 ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023, were ~~$71,250,000, an increase~~$61,284,000, a decrease of approximately ~~84%~~14%, or ~~$32,515,000,~~$9,966,000, from net sales of ~~$38,735,000~~$71,250,000 for the third quarter of fiscal ~~2021.~~2022. Net sales to Broadband Service Providers were ~~$70,667,000~~$59,731,000 in the third quarter of fiscal ~~2022~~2023 versus ~~$38,098,000~~$70,667,000 in the same period of fiscal ~~2021.~~2022. Among this group, the Company recorded ~~$2,462,000~~$14,186,000 in international sales for the third quarter of fiscal ~~2022~~2023 versus ~~$2,925,000~~$2,462,000 in the same period of fiscal ~~2021.~~2022. Net sales to Legacy customers were ~~$583,000~~$1,553,000 in the third quarter of fiscal ~~2022~~2023 versus ~~$637,000~~$583,000 in the same period of fiscal ~~2021.~~2022. The Company allocates sales from external customers to geographic areas based on the location to which the product is transported. Accordingly, international sales represented 3%23% and 8%3% of total net sales for the third quarter of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase in sales to international customers was primarily due to the acquisition of Nestor Cables as its sales are to European and ~~2021, respectively.~~other non-U.S. customers.

The ~~increase~~decrease in net sales for the quarter ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023, of ~~$32,515,000~~$9,966,000 compared to the quarter ended June 30, ~~2021~~2022, was driven primarily by ~~increased~~decreased sales to Community Broadband Service Providers and National Carrier customers of ~~$19,968,000.~~$18,565,000 and $1,469,000, respectively. The increase in sales to ~~these~~international customers was primarily driven by the acquisition of Nestor Cables, which accounted for $13,428,000 of international sales. The decrease in sales to Community Broadband and National Carrier customers was due to ~~continuing increased~~a lull in demand ~~for fiber connectivity products in response~~as customers digest previously purchased products.

Order backlog as of June 30, 2023, was $74,704,000, a decrease of 31% compared to ~~COVID-19 driven by customers accelerating their purchasing decisions~~$107,586,000 as of March 31, 2023, and ~~deployment schedules~~a decrease of ~~our fiber optic solutions and the need for high-speed broadband required in the work~~$81,958,000, or 52%, from ~~anywhere environment.~~June 30, 2022.

Revenue from customers is obtained from purchase orders submitted from time to time, with a limited number of customers recently issuing purchase orders for longer time frames. The Company’s ability to predict orders in future periods or trends affecting orders in future periods is limited. The Company’s ability to predict revenue is further limited by global supply chain issues, ~~and~~ customer deployment ~~schedules.~~schedules and factors affecting customer ordering patterns. The Company’s ability to recognize revenue in the future for customer orders will depend on the Company’s ability to manufacture and deliver products to the customers and fulfill its other contractual obligations.

Cost of sales for the third quarter of fiscal ~~2022~~2023 was ~~$41,943,000,~~$42,210,000, an increase of ~~$20,345,000,~~$267,000, or ~~94%~~1%, from ~~$21,598,000~~$41,943,000 in the comparable period of fiscal ~~2021.~~2022. Gross profit percent was ~~41.1%~~31.1% of net sales in the third quarter of fiscal ~~2022,~~2023, a decrease from ~~44.2%~~41.1% of net sales for the third quarter of fiscal ~~2021.~~2022. Gross profit ~~increased $12,169,000~~decreased $10,233,000, or ~~71%~~35%, to ~~$29,307,000~~$19,074,000 for the three months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023, from ~~$17,138,000~~$29,307,000 in the comparable period in fiscal ~~2021.~~2022. Gross profit margin was negatively affected by excess production capacity that was not utilized. The ~~decrease in~~Company continues to realign capacity to current market conditions. Gross profit was also affected by lower gross profit ~~margin for~~realized in our Nestor Cables cable manufacturing business which was acquired in July 2022 and was not included in the ~~quarter was primarily due~~comparable period of fiscal 2022. The Company expects to component cost increases absorbed by the Company due to the inflationary economic environment, increased facility costs from our expanded Mexico manufacturing and Minnesota distribution center operations, and increased freight and transportation costs. Despite the decrease inoperate at these gross profit ~~margin, gross profit increased due to the~~percentage levels for several quarters with improving margins realized as revenue levels increase ~~net sales.~~and cost reduction measures are realized.

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased ~~$3,285,000~~$728,000, or ~~35%~~6%, to ~~$12,721,000~~$13,449,000 in the third quarter fiscal ~~2022~~2023 from ~~$9,436,000~~$12,721,000 for the fiscal ~~2021~~2022 third quarter. ~~The~~This increase ~~in expense in~~is the ~~third quarter~~result of ~~fiscal 2022 consists primarily~~the addition of ~~increases~~$1,890,000 of $1,468,000 in compensation expense due to additional headcount and increased wages, higher performance compensation accruals driven by higher net sales, increased professional fees of $326,000, increased travel and entertainmentoperating expenses of ~~$460,000 due to reduced COVID-19 travel restrictions~~the Nestor Cables business acquired in ~~the prior year,~~July 2022, as well as increased Clearfield employee compensation and ~~an increase of stock~~stock-based compensation, ~~expense of $277,000.~~offset by decreased performance-based compensation accruals.

Income from operations for the quarter ended June 30, ~~2022 was~~2023, decreased $10,961,000 or 66% to $5,625,000 from $16,586,000 ~~compared to $7,702,000~~ for the comparable quarter of fiscal ~~2021, an increase~~2022. The decrease is the result of ~~approximately 115%. This increase is attributable to increased~~decreased net sales and gross profit ~~driven by higher sales to the Company’s Community Broadband, MSO and National Carrier customers, offset by higher selling, general and administrative expenses.~~margin.

Net investment income for the quarter ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023, was ~~$43,000~~$1,630,000 compared to ~~$121,000~~$43,000 for the comparable quarter for fiscal ~~2021.~~2022. Net investment income for the quarter ended June 30, 2023, and June 30, 2022, is comprised of ~~solely~~ interest ~~income during the quarter.~~income. The ~~decrease~~increase in interest income is due to ~~lower~~higher interest rates earned on a higher investments inbalance, during the third quarter of fiscal ~~2022 and lower invested balances.~~2023. The higher investments balance is a result of the Company’s capital raise of approximately $130,262,000 completed in the first fiscal quarter of 2023. We expect ~~net investment~~interest income to ~~decline due~~remain at these levels through the remainder of the fiscal year, subject to ~~the lower~~changes in market interest rates and ~~the decrease~~changes in the ~~Company’s~~average investment ~~portfolio as part~~balance.

Interest expense for the quarter ended June 30, 2023, was $195,000. The increase was due to debt held by Nestor Cables. The Company did not have any interest expense during the third quarter of ~~the Company’s inventory and supply chain management strategy.~~fiscal 2022.

We recorded a provision for income taxes of ~~$3,884,000~~$1,842,000 and ~~$1,725,000~~$3,884,000 for the three months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023, and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively. We record our quarterly provision for income taxes based on our estimated annual effective tax rate for the year. The ~~increase~~decrease in tax expense of ~~$2,159,000 in the third quarter of fiscal 2022~~$2,042,000 from the third quarter for fiscal ~~2021~~2022 is primarily due to ~~increased~~decreased income from ~~operations.~~operations, partially offset by the increase in the effective tax rate. The income tax expense rate for the third quarter of fiscal ~~2022~~2023 increased to ~~23.4%,~~26.1% from ~~22.1%~~23.4% recorded in the third quarter of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, due primarily to increased ~~permanent addback items including nondeductible compensation and transaction costs.~~state income tax expense.

The Company’s net income for the three months ended June 30, 2023, was $5,218,000, or $0.33 per basic and diluted share. The Company’s net income for the three months ended June 30, 2022, was $12,745,000, or $0.93 per basic share or $0.92 per diluted share. The ~~Company’s net income for the three months ended June 30, 2021 was $6,098,000, or $0.44 per basic and diluted share. The increase~~decrease in basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023, as compared to June 30, ~~2021~~2022 was due to ~~higher~~lower net ~~income.~~sales and resulting decreased net income, as well as the additional shares issued during the first quarter of fiscal 2023.

NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, ~~2022~~2023 VS. NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, ~~2021~~2022

Net sales for the nine months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023, were ~~$175,854,000,~~$219,035,000, an increase of approximately ~~84%~~25%, or ~~$80,335,000,~~$43,181,000, from net sales of ~~$95,519,000~~$175,854,000 for the nine months ended June 30, ~~2021.~~2022. Net sales to Broadband Service Providers were ~~$173,907,000~~$211,231,000 in the nine months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023, versus ~~$93,569,000~~$173,907,000 in the same period of fiscal ~~2021.~~2022. Among this group, the Company recorded ~~$5,844,000~~$37,527,000 in international sales for the nine months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023, versus ~~$5,933,000~~$5,844,000 in the same period of fiscal ~~2021. Net sales to Legacy customers were $1,947,000 in the nine months ended June 30, 2022 versus $1,951,000 in the same period of fiscal 2021.~~2022. The Company allocates sales from external customers to geographic areas based on the location to which the product is transported. Accordingly, international sales represented 3%17% and 6%3% of total net sales for the nine months ended June 30, 2023, and June 30, 2022, ~~and 2021.~~respectively. Net sales to Legacy customers were $7,804,000 in the nine months ended June 30, 2023, versus $1,947,000 in the same period of fiscal 2022.

The increase in net sales for the nine months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023, of ~~$80,335,000~~$43,181,000 compared to the nine months ended June 30, ~~2021~~2022, was driven primarily by increased sales to ~~Community Broadband Service Providers,~~International and MSO customers of ~~$55,238,000,~~$31,556,000 and ~~$16,628,000,~~$13,593,000, respectively. The increase in sales to ~~Community Broadband, and~~International customers was primarily driven by the acquisition of Nestor Cables, which accounted for $32,373,000 of international sales during the nine months ended June 30, 2023. The increase in sales to MSO customers was due to ~~continuing~~ increased demand for fiber connectivity products ~~in response to COVID-19 driven by customers accelerating their purchasing decisions and deployment schedules of our fiber optic solutions~~ and the need for high-speed broadband ~~required in~~since the ~~work from anywhere environment.~~pandemic.

Revenue from customers is obtained from purchase orders submitted from time to time, with a limited number of customers recently issuing purchase orders for longer time frames. The Company’s ability to predict orders in future periods or trends affecting orders in future periods is limited. The Company’s ability to predict revenue is further limited by global supply chain ~~issues.~~issues, customer deployment schedules and factors affecting customer ordering patterns. The Company’s ability to recognize revenue in the future for customer orders will depend on the Company’s ability to manufacture and deliver products to the customers and fulfill its other contractual obligations.

Cost of sales for the nine months ended ~~2022~~June 30, 2023, was ~~$100,411,000,~~$145,750,000, an increase of ~~$46,341,000,~~$45,338,000, or ~~86%~~45%, from ~~$54,071,000~~$100,411,000 in the comparable period of fiscal ~~2021.~~2022. Gross profit percent was 33.5% of net sales for the nine months ended June 30, 2023, a decrease from 42.9% of net sales for the nine months ended June 30, ~~2022, a decrease from 43.4% of net sales~~2022. Gross profit decreased $2,157,000, or 3%, to $73,285,000 for the nine months ended June 30, ~~2021. Gross profit increased $33,994,000 or 82%, to $75,442,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2022~~2023, from ~~$41,449,000~~$75,443,000 in the comparable period in fiscal ~~2021.~~2022. The ~~decrease in gross~~Company continues to realign capacity to current market conditions. Gross profit margin was ~~primarily due~~negatively affected by the buildup in capacity in the Company’s Clearfield segment that was not utilized. Gross profit was also affected by lower gross profit realized in our Nestor Cables cable manufacturing business which was acquired in July 2022 and was not included in the comparable period of fiscal 2022. The Company expects to ~~increased facility costs from our expanded Mexico manufacturing~~operate at these gross profit percentage levels for several quarters with improving margins realized as revenue levels increase and ~~Minnesota distribution center operations, and increased freight and transportation costs.~~cost reduction measures are realized.

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased ~~$8,294,000~~$3,837,000, or ~~32%~~11%, to ~~$33,876,000 in the third quarter fiscal 2022 from $25,582,000 for the comparable period of fiscal 2021. The increase in expense~~$37,714,000 in the nine months ended June 30, ~~2022 consists~~2023, from $33,877,000 for the comparable period of fiscal 2022. The increase in expense for the nine months ended June 30, 2023 consisted primarily of ~~increases of $4,357,000 in compensation expense due to~~the additional ~~headcount and increased wages and performance compensation accruals driven by higher net sales, increased professional fees of $892,000, increased travel, entertainment, and trade show~~operating expenses of ~~$990,000 due to reduced COVID-19~~$4,527,000 from the Nestor Cables business acquired in July 2022, increased Clearfield employee compensation, stock based compensation and travel ~~restrictions, increased stock~~and entertainment expenses, partially offset by decreased performance-based compensation ~~expense of $629,000 and a recovery of $210,000 related to a bad debt recovery in the prior year.~~accruals.

Income from operations for the nine months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023, was ~~$41,567,000~~$35,571,000 compared to ~~$15,867,000~~$41,566,000 for the comparable quarter of fiscal ~~2021, an increase~~2022, a decrease of approximately ~~162%~~14%. This ~~increase~~decrease is attributable to ~~increased~~lower gross profit ~~driven by higher sales to the Company’s Community Broadband,~~margin percentage and ~~MSO customers, offset by higher~~increased selling, general and administrative expenses, ~~described above.~~partially offset by increased net sales.

Net investment income for the nine months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023, was ~~$284,000~~$3,328,000 compared to ~~$378,000~~$284,000 for the comparable quarter for fiscal ~~2021. Net investment~~2022. The increase in interest income is due to higher interest rates earned and a higher average investments balance in the nine months ended June 30, 2023. The higher investments balance is a result of the Company’s capital raise of approximately $130,262,000 completed in the first fiscal quarter of 2023. We expect interest income to remain at the levels experienced during the three months ended June 30, 2023, through the remainder of the fiscal year, subject to changes in market interest rates and changes in the average investments balance.

Interest expense for the nine months ended June 30, ~~2022 is comprised~~2023, was $551,000. The Company did not have any interest expense during the comparable period of ~~$245,000 of interest income and $39,000 net realized gains on sales of investments.~~fiscal 2022. The ~~decrease~~increase in interest ~~income is~~expense was due to ~~lower~~$170,000 in interest ~~rates earned~~ on ~~investments and lower invested balances~~Clearfield’s line of credit which was repaid in the ~~nine months ended June 30, 2022. We expect net investment income to decline due to the lower~~first quarter of fiscal 2023, and $381,000 in interest ~~rates and the decrease in the Company’s investment portfolio as part of the Company’s inventory and supply chain management strategy.~~expense on debt held by Nestor Cables.

WeThe Company recorded a provision for income taxes of ~~$9,480,000~~$8,511,000 and ~~$3,344,000~~$9,480,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2023, and June 30, 2022, ~~and 2021,~~ respectively. ~~We record our~~The Company records its quarterly provision for income taxes based on ~~our~~its estimated annual effective tax rate for the year. The ~~increase~~decrease in tax expense of ~~$6,136,000~~$969,000 from the nine months ended June 30, ~~2021~~2022, is primarily due to ~~increased~~decreased income from ~~operations.~~operations as a result of lower gross margins. The income tax expense rate for the nine months ended June 30, ~~2022 increased to~~2023, of 22.2% was relatively consistent with the income tax expense rate of 22.7%~~, from 20.6% recorded in~~ for the comparable period of fiscal ~~2021, due to increased permanent addback items including nondeductable compensation and transaction costs.~~2022.

The Company’s net income for the nine months ended June 30, 2023, was $29,837,000, or $2.01 per basic share or $2.00 per diluted share. The Company’s net income for the nine months ended June 30, 2022, was $32,370,000, or $2.35 per basic share or $2.33 per diluted share. The ~~Company’s net income for the nine months ended June 30, 2021 was $12,901,000, or $0.94 per basic and diluted share. The increase~~decrease in basic and diluted earnings per share for the nine months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023, as compared to June 30, ~~2021~~2022, was due to ~~higher~~lower gross margins and resulting decreased net ~~income.~~income as well as the additional shares issued during the first quarter of fiscal 2023.

Reportable Segments

On July 26, 2022, Clearfield, Inc., through its newly created Finnish subsidiary, Clearfield Finland Ltd., acquired all of the equity of Nestor Cables Ltd., which has a wholly-owned Estonian subsidiary, Nestor Cables Baltics Ltd. Following the closing of the acquisition of Nestor Cables on July 26, 2022, the Company reassessed its operating segments as defined under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 280, Segment Reporting. Under ASC 280, operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise where discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Prior to July 26, 2022, the Company was considered to be in a single reporting segment and operating unit structure. Based upon the Company’s assessment following the acquisition of Nestor Cables, the Company determined that the business of Nestor Cables was considered a second reportable segment as of July 26, 2022.

For the three and nine months ended June 30, 2023, the Company has two reportable segments: (1) Clearfield; and (2) Nestor Cables. The entities that comprise the Nestor Cables segment are Clearfield Finland Ltd., Nestor Cables Ltd. and Nestor Cables Baltics Ltd.

Reportable segments are as follows:

●

Clearfield Segment –The Clearfield segment designs, manufactures and sells fiber management, protection, and delivery solutions.

●

Nestor Cables Segment –The Nestor Cables segment designs, manufactures, and sells fiber optic and copper telecommunication cables and equipment.

Clearfield Segment

The following table provides net sales and net income for the Clearfield segment for the three and nine months ended:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Segment net sales	$	47,856	$	71,250	$	186,662	$	175,854
Segment net income	$	5,150	$	12,745	$	30,263	$	32,370

Net sales in the Clearfield segment decreased 33%, or $23,394,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022. Net sales in the Clearfield segment increased 6%, or $10,808,000, for the nine months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the nine months ended June 30, 2022. The decrease in net sales for the three months ended June 30, 2023 was driven by decreased sales to the Company’s Community Broadband customers. The decreased sales to Community Broadband customers was due to continuing slower inventory consumption from these customers who had accumulated excess inventory positions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Net income in the Clearfield segment for the three months ended June 30, 2023, decreased 60%, or $7,595,000, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022. Net income in the Clearfield segment for the nine months ended June 30, 2023, decreased 7%, or $2,107,000, as compared to the nine months ended June 30, 2022. The decrease in net income was driven by the decrease in sales outlined above and by lower gross profit margin due to buildup in capacity that was not utilized.

Nestor Cables Segment

The following table provides net sales and net income for the Nestor Cables segment for the three and nine months ended:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Segment net sales	$	13,428	$	-	$	32,373	$	-
Segment net income	$	781	$	-	$	873	$	-

Nestor Cables was acquired on July 26, 2022. Prior to the acquisition, the Company operated as one reporting segment.

Net sales in the Nestor Cables segment for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2023, were $13,428,000 and $32,373,000, respectively, excluding sales to the Clearfield Segment.

Net income in the Nestor Cables segment for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2023, was $781,000 and $873,000, respectively.

~~LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES~~Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, our principal source of liquidity was our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term ~~investments and line of credit.~~investments. Those sources total ~~$18,086,000~~$162,111,000 as of June 30, ~~2022~~2023, compared to ~~$23,590,000~~$22,452,000 as of September 30, ~~2021. Our~~2022. Additionally, we have a line of credit isfor $40 million ~~and~~that has no ~~borrowings against it~~outstanding borrowing as of June 30, ~~2022.~~2023. Our excess cash is invested mainly in certificates of deposit backed by the FDIC, U.S. Treasury securities, and money market ~~accounts.~~funds. Investments considered long-term were ~~$24,994,000~~$6,556,000 as of June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, compared to ~~$36,913,000~~$22,747,000 as of September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. We believe the combined balances of short-term cash and investments, long-term investments, along with ~~out~~our line of credit provide a more accurate indication of our available liquidity. ~~At the end~~As of ~~the third quarter of fiscal 2022,~~June 30, 2023, our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term and long-term investments totaled ~~$43,080,000. We had no long-term debt obligations~~$168,667,000, compared to $45,199,000 as of ~~June 30, 2022 or~~ September 30, ~~2021.~~2022.

We believe our existing cash equivalents, short-term investments, and line of credit facility along with cash flow from operations will be sufficient to meet our working capital and investment requirements ~~for~~ beyond the next 12 months. The Company intends on utilizing its available cash and assets primarily for its continued organic growth including ~~the acquisition of Nestor on July 26, 2022,~~ expanding production capacity and facilities, as well as inventory growth to meet previously anticipated customer demand, ~~and~~ potential future strategic transactions, and the Company’s share repurchase program, as well as to mitigate the potential impacts on the Company’s business due to ~~COVID-19 or~~ supply chain, logistics, and customer fulfillment risks.

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $13,481,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2023. This was primarily due to net income of $29,837,000, non-cash expenses for depreciation and amortization of $4,411,000, stock-based compensation of $2,504,000, and non-cash income related to amortization of discounts on investments of $2,429,000, in addition to changes in operating assets and liabilities providing and using cash. The primary change in operating assets and liabilities using cash was a decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $20,326,000 and an increase in inventory of $21,510,000. The decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses is due to the timing of payments to vendors. The Company increased stocking levels of inventory during the quarter ending June 30, 2023, to support previously anticipated demand. The primary change in operating assets and liabilities providing cash was a decrease in accounts receivable of $24,519,000. Days sales outstanding, which measures how quickly receivables are collected, decreased 5 days to 47 days as of June 30, 2023, compared to 52 days from September 30, 2022.

Net cash used by operating activities totaled $9,289,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2022. This was primarily due to net income of $32,370,000, non-cash expenses for depreciation and amortization of $2,205,000, and stock-based compensation of $1,647,000 in addition to changes in operating assets and liabilities providing and using cash. The primary change in operating assets and liabilities using cash was an increase in inventory of $41,816,000, and increases in accounts receivable of $12,156,000, partially offset by increases in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $8,677,000. The Company increased stocking levels of inventory during the quarter ~~ending~~ended June 30, 2022, to support the Company’s increased sales order backlog, as well as provide for safety stock for anticipated demand considering ~~current~~then-current long lead times for components and transportation within the global supply chain. ~~We expect to maintain higher than historic stocking levels through fiscal year 2022.~~ The increase in accounts receivable iswas due to increased sales in the ~~most recent~~ quarter ended June 30, 2022 as well as timing of payments from customers. Accounts receivable balances can be influenced by the timing of shipments for customer projects and payment terms. Days sales outstanding, which measures how quickly receivables are collected, stayed consistent at 40 days from September 30, 2021, to June 30, 2022. The increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses iswas due to the timing of payments to vendors and inventory growth.

2228

Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $8,117,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2021. This was primarily due to net income of $12,901,000, non-cash expenses for depreciation and amortization of $1,726,000, and stock-based compensation of $966,000 in addition to changes in operating assets and liabilities providing cash. The primary changes in operating assets and liabilities using cash include an increase in inventory of $6,571,000, and accounts receivable of $5,896,000, offset by increases in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $5,043,000. The increase in accounts receivable is due to increased sales during the most recent quarter and the timing of payments from customers. Accounts receivable balances can be influenced by the timing of shipments for customer projects and payment terms. Days sales outstanding, which measures how quickly receivables are collected, increased five days to 38 days from September 30, 2020 to June 30, 2021. The increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses is due to the timing of payments to vendors in the quarter and $4,500,000 of fiscal 2021 incentive compensation accruals.

Investing Activities

We invest our excess cash in money market ~~accounts,~~funds, U.S. Treasury securities, and bank CDs not exceeding FDIC insured levels. We believe we obtain a competitive rate of return given the low credit risk on these investments. During the nine months ended June 30, 2023, we received proceeds from maturities of investments of $105,077,000 and used cash to purchase $210,923,000 of investment securities. Purchases of property, plant and equipment, mainly related to manufacturing equipment and intangible assets, consumed $6,529,000 of cash during the nine months ended June 30, 2023.

The Company invests in ~~denominations across numerous banks.~~CDs in amounts that are fully insured by the FDIC and U.S. Treasury securities with terms of not more than five years, as well as money market funds. We believe we obtain a competitive rate of return given the economic climate ~~along with the security provided by the FDIC on these investments.~~and type of investment. During the nine months ended June 30, 2022, we received $17,386,000 on sales and maturities of investment securities and used cash to purchase $248,000 of investment securities. Purchases of property, plant and equipment, mainly related to manufacturing equipment and intangible assets, consumed $6,764,000 of cash during the nine months ended June 30, 2022.

~~During~~Financing Activities

For the nine months ended June 30, ~~2021,~~2023, we received $130,262,000 of net proceeds through the issuance of common stock. We used $16,700,000 to pay down the principal on our line of credit, which was originally drawn in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022 to fund the acquisition of Nestor Cables. We received $611,000 from employees’ participation and purchase of stock through our ESPP, we received $954,000 related to the issuance of stock as payment for incentive compensation previously earned, we used ~~cash to purchase $11,904,000 of U.S. Treasury and FDIC-backed securities and received $10,044,000 on CDs that matured. Purchases of property, plant and equipment, mainly~~$491,000 related to ~~manufacturing equipment, consumed $1,275,000~~share withholding for the exercise price and taxes associated with the issuance of ~~cash during~~common stock upon cashless exercises of stock options and used $954,000 to pay for taxes as a result of employees’ vesting of restricted shares using share withholding. We did not repurchase common stock under our share repurchase program in the nine months ended June 30, ~~2021.~~

~~Financing Activities~~2023.

For the nine months ended June 30, 2022, we received $544,000 from employees’ participation and purchase of stock through our ESPP, we used $379,000 related to share withholding for exercise and taxes associated with the issuance of common stock upon cashless exercise of stock options and used $274,000 to pay for taxes as a result of employees’ vesting of restricted shares using share withholding. We did not repurchase common stock under our share repurchase program in the nine months ended June 30, 2022.

For the nine months ended June 30, 2021, we received $383,000 from employees’ participation and purchase of stock through our ESPP, we used $456,000 related to share withholding for taxes associated with the issuance of common stock upon cashless exercise of stock options and used $54,000 to pay for taxes as a result of employees’ vesting of restricted shares using share withholding. We did not repurchase common stock under our share repurchase program in the nine months ended June 30, 2021.

As of June 30, 2022 and June 30, 2021, we had the authority to purchase approximately $14,981,000 and $4,981,000, respectively, in additional shares under the repurchase program announced on November 13, 2014 that was subsequently increased on April 25, 2017. Effective January 27, 2022, the Company reinstated its stock repurchase program that had been suspended due to COVID uncertainty in April 2020. In addition, effective January 27, 2022, the Company’s board of directors increased the share repurchase program by an additional $10 million to an aggregate of $22 million, from the previous $12 million.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

Management utilizes its technical knowledge, cumulative business experience, judgment and other factors in the selection and application of the Company’s accounting estimates. The accounting estimates considered by management to be the most critical to the presentation of the financial statements because they require the most difficult, subjective and complex judgments include the fair value of investments, stock-based compensation, and valuation of inventory, long-lived assets, finite lived intangible assets and goodwill.

These accounting estimates are described in Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. Management made no changes to the Company’s critical accounting estimates during the quarter ended June 30, ~~2022.~~2023.

In applying its critical accounting estimates, management reassesses its estimates each reporting period based on available information. Changes in these estimates did not have a significant impact on earnings for the quarter ended June 30, ~~2022.~~2023.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

~~Not applicable.~~The Company currently invests its excess cash in bank certificates of deposit that are fully insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and United States Treasury securities with terms of not more than five years, as well as money market funds. The fair value of these investments fluctuates subject to changes in market interest rates.

Foreign Exchange Rates:

The Company uses the U.S. dollar as its reporting currency. The functional currency of Nestor Cables is the Euro. The changing relationships of the U.S. dollar to the Euro could have a material impact on our financial results. Fluctuations in the Euro to U.S. dollar exchange rate impacts our consolidated balance sheets, as well as sales, cost of sales, and net income. If the Euro had appreciated or depreciated by 10% relative to the U.S. Dollar, our operating expenses would have increased or decreased by approximately $190,000 and $455,000, or approximately 1%, for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2023, respectively. We do not hedge against foreign currency fluctuations. As such, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Inflation:

Rising costs, including wages, logistics, components, and commodity prices, are negatively impacting our profitability. We are subject to market risk from fluctuating market prices of certain purchased commodities and raw materials such as fiber cable and other components, which has outpaced our ability to reduce the cost structure and manufacturability or increase prices. We do not hedge commodity prices. Accordingly, inflation impacts our profitability, including cost of sales and operating expenses, and may have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company’s management carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and the Company’s Chief Financial Officer of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of June 30, ~~2022.~~2023. Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and the Company’s Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes to the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, that occurred during the quarter ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial ~~reporting.~~reporting except that the Company continues to integrate and improve the internal control over financial reporting environment of the Nestor Cables segment.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

There are no pending legal proceedings against or involving the Company for which the outcome is likely to have a material adverse effect upon its financial position or results of operations.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

The most significant risk factors applicable to the Company are described in Part II, Item 1A “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, ~~2021, as updated in our Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31,~~ 2022. There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously ~~disclosed except for the following:~~

~~If we are unable to complete acquisitions or integrate acquired businesses, our financial results could be materially and adversely affected.~~

From time to time, we evaluate acquisition candidates that may strategically fit our business objectives. On July 26, 2022, we closed the acquisition of Nestor Cables Ltd, a leading developer and manufacturer of fiber optic cable solutions located in Finland. The benefits that are expected to result from the Nestor acquisition or any future acquisition will depend, in part, on our ability to successful integrate Nestor within our anticipated timeframe. If we are unable to complete acquisitions or successfully integrate and develop acquired businesses, our financial results could be materially and adversely affected. The risks inherent in pursuing or completing an acquisition include:

●

~~diversion of management’s attention from existing business activities;~~

●

difficulties or delays in integrating and assimilating information and financial systems, operations and products of an acquired business or other business venture or in realizing projected efficiencies, growth prospects, cost savings and synergies;

●

potential difficulties in managing our expanded international operations and, in the case of the Nestor acquisition, potential difficulties in managing our non-U.S. subsidiaries, including the burden and cost of complying with a variety of international laws;

●

~~potential loss of key employees, customers and suppliers of the acquired businesses or adverse effects on relationships with existing customers and suppliers;~~

●

~~adverse impact on overall profitability if the acquired business does not achieve the return on investment projected at the time of acquisition;~~

●

~~currency translations and fluctuations may adversely affect the financial performance of our consolidated operations; and~~

��

with respect to the acquired assets and liabilities, inaccurate assessment of additional post-acquisition capital investments; undisclosed, contingent or other liabilities; problems executing backlog of material supply or installation projects; unanticipated costs; and an inability to recover or manage such liabilities and costs.

These risks associated with acquisition, integration of acquired businesses and management of our expanded international operations may have a material adverse effect on our sales, financial condition, and results of operations.disclosed.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

The Company repurchased no shares of stock associated with exercise and satisfaction of employee tax withholding requirements on vesting or exercise of equity awards under the Company’s 2007 Stock Compensation Plan for the three months ended June 30, 2022. Accordingly, the Company’s purchases of equity securities for the three months ended June 30, 2022 were as follows:

~~ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES~~

Period

Total
Number
of Shares
Purchased

Average
Price Paid
per Share

Total Number of
Shares
Purchased as Part
of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs

Approximate Dollar Value
of Shares that
May Yet Be Purchased
Under the Program ⁽¹⁾

April 1-30, 2022
- - - $ 14,980,671
May 1-31, 2022
- - - 14,980,671
June 1-30, 2022
- - - 14,980,671
Total
- - - $ 14,980,671

~~(1)~~

Effective January 27, 2022, the Company reinstated its stock repurchase program that had been suspended due to COVID uncertainty in April 2020 and the Company’s board of directors increased the share repurchase program by an additional $10 million reflected above.

~~ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES~~

~~None.~~

~~ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES~~

Not applicable.

ITEM ~~5. OTHER INFORMATION~~3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

During the quarter ended June 30, 2023, none of our directors or officers informed us of the adoption, modification or termination of a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as those terms are defined in Regulation S-K, Item 408(a).

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

3.1 – Restated Articles of Incorporation of APA Optics, Inc. (n/k/a Clearfield, Inc.) dated November 3, 1983, and Articles of Amendment dated December 9, 1983, July 30, 1987, March 22, 1989, September 14, 1994 and August 17, 2000. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit ~~10.1 – Share Sale and Purchase Agreement dated 17 May 2022 by and between~~3.1 to the ~~Sellers identified therein and Clearfield Finland Oy relating Nestor Cables Ltd~~Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000.)

3.1(a) – Articles of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation dated August 25, 2004. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2004.)

3.2 – Amended and Restated Bylaws of Clearfield, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 25, 2016.)

10.1 – Clearfield, Inc. 2022 Stock Compensation Plan, as amended through January 23, 2023. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 25, 2023.)

10.2 – Form of Stock Option Agreement under the Clearfield, Inc. 2022 Stock Compensation Plan. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 24, 2023.)

10.3 – Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement under the Clearfield, Inc. 2022 Stock Compensation Plan. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 24, 2023.)

31.1 – Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act

~~Exhibit~~ 31.2 – Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act

~~Exhibit~~ 32.1 – Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350

~~101 –The~~101–The following materials from Clearfield, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 are formatted in iXBRL (Inline eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) ~~Condensed~~Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~September~~June 30, ~~2021;~~2022; (ii) ~~Condensed~~Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three and nine months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021;~~2022; (iii) ~~Condensed~~Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the three and nine months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021;~~2022; (iv) ~~Condensed~~Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the ~~three~~nine months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021;~~2022; and (v) Notes to the ~~Condensed~~Consolidated Financial Statements.

104 - Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

~~SIGNATURES~~SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the ~~Registrant~~registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	~~CLEARFIELD, INC.~~
		CLEARFIELD, INC.
August ~~3, 2022~~8, 2023		~~/s/~~/s/ Cheryl Beranek

	By: Cheryl Beranek Its: President and Chief Executive Officer

	(Principal Executive Officer)

August ~~3, 2022~~8, 2023		/s/ Daniel Herzog

	By: Daniel Herzog Its: Chief Financial Officer

	(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Minnesota	41-1347235
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value	CLFD	The Nasdaq Stock Market

Class:	Outstanding as of ~~July 19, 2022~~August 4, 2023
Common stock, par value $.01	~~13,777,682~~15,261,809

PART I.FINANCIAL INFORMATION	4
ITEM 1.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS	4
ITEM 2. ~~MANAGEMENT’S~~MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS	1922
ITEM 3.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK	2430
ITEM 4.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES	2430
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION	2430
ITEM 1.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS	2430
ITEM 1A.RISK FACTORS	2431
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS	2531
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES	2631
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES	2631
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION	2631
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS	2631
SIGNATURES	2732

	June 30, 2022 (Unaudited)			September 30, 2021		June 30, 2023 (Unaudited)			September 30, 2022
Assets
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	14,192		$	13,216	$	31,385		$	16,650
Short-term investments		3,894			10,374		130,726			5,802
Accounts receivables, net		31,594			19,438		31,944			53,704
Inventories, net		69,341			27,524		105,003			82,208
Other current assets		1,050			954		4,084			1,758
Total current assets		120,071			71,506		303,142			160,122

Property, plant and equipment, net		9,567			4,998		21,318			18,229

Other Assets
Long-term investments		24,994			36,913		6,556			22,747
Goodwill		4,709			4,709		6,581			6,402
Intangible assets, net		4,691			4,696		6,344			6,376
Right of use lease assets		12,715			2,305
Right-of-use lease assets							14,773			13,256
Deferred tax asset		647			365		998			1,414
Other		553			420		1,489			582
Total other assets		48,309			49,408		36,741			50,777
Total Assets	$	177,947		$	125,912	$	361,201		$	229,128

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Current Liabilities
Current portion of lease liability	$	2,774		$	915	$	3,722		$	3,385
Debt							2,174			-
Accounts payable		16,243			9,215		11,641			24,118
Accrued compensation		8,918			8,729		7,319			13,619
Accrued expenses		2,758			1,613		3,335			6,181
Factoring liability							8,722			4,391
Total current liabilities		30,693			20,472		36,913			51,694

Other Liabilities
Long-term debt							-			18,666
Long-term portion of lease liability		10,480			1,615		11,572			10,412
Deferred tax liability							782			774
Total liabilities		41,173			22,087		49,267			81,546

Shareholders’ Equity
Preferred stock, $.01 par value; 500,000 shares; no shares issued or outstanding		0			0		-			-
Common stock, authorized 50,000,000, $.01 par value; 13,777,682 and 13,732,188 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and September 30, 2021		138			137
Common stock, authorized 50,000,000, $.01 par value; 15,262,409 and 13,818,452 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively							153			138
Additional paid-in capital		59,784			58,246		187,409			54,539
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(960	)		0		(268	)		(1,898	)
Retained earnings		77,812			45,442		124,640			94,803
Total shareholders’ equity		136,774			103,825		311,934			147,582
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity	$	177,947		$	125,912	$	361,201		$	229,128

CLEARFIELD, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(IN THOUSANDS)
	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	June 30,						June 30,
	2023			2022			2023		2022

Comprehensive Income:
Net income	$	5,218		$	12,745		$	29,837	$	32,370
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale investments		15			(235	)		352		(960	)
Unrealized gain (loss) on foreign currency translation		(49	)		-			1,278		-
Total other comprehensive income (loss)		(34	)		(235	)		1,630		(960	)

Total comprehensive income	$	5,184		$	12,510		$	31,467	$	31,410

CLEARFIELD, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(IN THOUSANDS)

For the three months ended June 30, 2023									Accumulated other
	Common Stock					Additional			comprehensive			Retained		Total share-
	Shares			Amount		paid-in capital			loss			earnings		holders’ equity
Balance at March 31, 2023		15,255		$	153	$	186,058		$	(234	)	$	119,422	$	305,399
Stock-based compensation expense		-			-		1,059			-			-		1,059
Issuance of common stock under equity compensation plans, net		(1	)		-		-			-			-		-
Exercise of stock options, net of shares exchanged for payment		1			-		(20	)		-			-		(20	)
Employee stock purchase plan		8			-		312			-			-		312
Other comprehensive loss		-			-		-			(34	)		-		(34	)
Net income		-			-		-			-			5,218		5,218
Balance at June 30, 2023		15,263		$	153	$	187,409		$	(268	)	$	124,640	$	311,934

For the three months ended June 30, 2022									Accumulated other
	Common Stock					Additional			comprehensive			Retained		Total share-
	Shares			Amount		paid-in capital			loss			earnings		holders’ equity
Balance at March 31, 2022		13,773		$	138	$	58,949		$	(725	)	$	65,067	$	123,429
Stock-based compensation expense		-			-		638			-			-		638
Issuance of common stock under equity compensation plans, net		(3	)		-		-			-			-		-
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan		6			-		294			-			-		294
Exercise of stock options, net of shares exchanged for payment		2			-		(97	)		-			-		(97	)
Other comprehensive loss		-			-		-			(235	)		-		(235	)
Net income		-			-		-			-			12,745		12,745
Balance at June 30, 2022		13,778		$	138	$	59,784		$	(960	)	$	77,812	$	136,774

For the three months ended June 30, 2021							Accumulated other
	Common Stock				Additional		comprehensive		Retained		Total share-
	Shares		Amount		paid-in capital		loss		earnings		holders’ equity
Balance at March 31, 2021		13,733	$	137	$	57,794	$	0	$	31,917	$	89,848
Stock-based compensation expense		-		0		343		0		0		343
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan		10		0		205		0		0		205
Net income		-		0		0		0		6,098		6,098
Balance at June 30, 2021		13,743	$	137	$	58,342	$	0	$	38,015	$	96,494

For the nine months ended June 30, 2022									Accumulated other
	Common Stock					Additional			comprehensive			Retained		Total share-
	Shares			Amount		paid-in capital			loss			earnings		holders’ equity
Balance as of September 30, 2021		13,732		$	137	$	58,246		$	0		$	45,442	$	103,825
Stock-based compensation expense		-			0		1,647			0			0		1,647
Restricted stock issuance, net of forfeitures		27			1		0			0			0		1
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan		13			0		544			0			0		544
Withholding related to exercise of stock options		10			0		(379	)		0			0		(379	)
Repurchase of shares for payment of withholding taxes for vested restricted stock grants		(4	)		0		(274	)		0			0		(274	)
Other Comprehensive Loss		-			0		0			(960	)		0		(960	)
Net income		-			0		0			0			32,370		32,370
Balance at June 30, 2022		13,778		$	138	$	59,784		$	(960	)	$	77,812	$	136,774

For the nine months ended June 30, 2021									Accumulated other
	Common Stock					Additional			comprehensive		Retained		Total share-
	Shares			Amount		paid-in capital			loss		earnings		holders’ equity
Balance as of September 30, 2020		13,650		$	137	$	57,503		$	0	$	25,114	$	82,754
Stock-based compensation expense		-			0		966			0		0		966
Restricted stock issuance, net of forfeitures		37			0		0			0		0		0
Employee stock purchase plan		24			0		383			0		0		383
Withholding related to exercise of stock options		34			0		(456	)		0		0		(456	)
Repurchase of shares for payment of withholding taxes for vested restricted stock grants		(2	)		0		(54	)		0		0		(54	)
Net income		-			0		0			0		12,901		12,901
Balance at June 30, 2021		13,743		$	137	$	58,342		$	0	$	38,015	$	96,494

For the nine months ended June 30, 2023									Accumulated other
	Common Stock					Additional			comprehensive			Retained		Total share-
	Shares			Amount		paid-in capital			loss			earnings		holders’ equity
Balance as of September 30, 2022		13,819		$	138	$	54,539		$	(1,898	)	$	94,803	$	147,582
Stock-based compensation expense		-			-		2,504			-			-		2,504
Issuance of common stock under equity compensation plans, net		50			-		954			-			-		954
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan		13			1		611			-			-		612
Exercise of stock options, net of shares exchanged for payment		11			-		(493	)		-			-		(493	)
Repurchase of shares for payment of withholding taxes for stock grants		(10	)		-		(954	)		-			-		(954	)
Issuance of common stock, net		1,380			14		130,248			-			-		130,262
Other comprehensive income		-			-		-			1,630			-		1,630
Net income		-			-		-			-			29,837		29,837
Balance at June 30, 2023		15,263		$	153	$	187,409		$	(268	)	$	124,640	$	311,934

~~Note~~ 1. ~~Basis of Presentation~~CLEARFIELD, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
~~The accompanying (a) condensed balance sheet as of~~ ~~September 30, 2021,~~ ~~which has been derived from audited financial statements, and (b) unaudited interim condensed financial statements as of and for the~~ ~~three~~ ~~and~~ ~~nine~~ ~~months ended~~ ~~June 30, 2022~~ have been prepared by Clearfield, Inc. (the “Company”) in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Pursuant to these rules and regulations, certain financial information and footnote disclosures normally included in the financial statements have been condensed or omitted. However, in the opinion of management, the financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the interim periods presented. Operating results for the interim periods presented are ~~not~~ necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year or for any other interim period, due to variability in customer purchasing patterns and seasonal, operating and other factors. These condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10~~-K for the year ended~~ ~~September 30, 2021.~~(UNAUDITED)
(IN THOUSANDS)

	Nine Months			Nine Months
	Ended			Ended
	June 30,			June 30,
	2023			2022
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	29,837		$	32,370
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		4,411			2,205
Amortization of discount on investments		(2,429	)		(31	)
Stock-based compensation		2,504			1,647
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquired amounts:
Accounts receivable, net		24,519			(12,156	)
Inventories, net		(21,510	)		(41,816	)
Other assets		(3,525	)		(185	)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(20,326	)		8,677
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		13,481			(9,289	)

Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of property, plant and equipment, and intangible assets		(6,529	)		(6,764	)
Purchases of investments		(210,923	)		(248	)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments		105,077			17,386
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		(112,375	)		10,374

Cash flows from financing activities
Repayment of long-term debt		(16,700	)		-
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan		612			544
Repurchase of shares for payment of withholding taxes for stock grants		(954	)		(274	)
Withholding related to exercise of stock options		(493	)		(379	)
Issuance of stock under equity compensation plans		954			-
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock		130,262			-
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		113,681			(109	)

Effect of exchange rates on cash		(52	)		-
Increase in cash and cash equivalents		14,735			976
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year		16,650			13,216
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	31,385		$	14,194

Supplemental disclosures for cash flow information
Cash paid for income taxes	$	12,589		$	9,913
Cash paid for interest expense	$	360		$	-
Non-cash financing activities
Cashless exercise of stock options	$	566		$	276

(In thousands)	June 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash including money market accounts	$	6,750	$	16,635
Money market funds		24,635		15
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	31,385	$	16,650

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
(In thousands)	Before Tax			Tax Effect			Net of Tax Amount
Unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities	$	(309	)	$	(74	)	$	(235	)

Other comprehensive loss	$	(309	)	$	(74	)	$	(235	)

	Nine Months Ended June 30, 2022
(In thousands)	Before Tax			Tax Effect			Net of Tax Amount
Unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities	$	(1,241	)	$	(281	)	$	(960	)

Other comprehensive loss	$	(1,241	)	$	(281	)	$	(960	)

(In thousands)	Available-for-Sale Securities			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balances at September 30, 2021	$	0		$	0
Other comprehensive loss for the nine months ended June 30, 2022		(960	)		(960	)
Balances at June 30, 2022	$	(960	)	$	(960	)

(In thousands)	June 30, 2022			September 30, 2021
Raw materials	$	58,456		$	23,072
Work-in-process		6,437			2,482
Finished goods		6,131			3,361
Inventories, gross		71,023			28,915
Inventory reserve		(1,683	)		(1,391	)
Inventories, net	$	69,341		$	27,524

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased		Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs		Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program ⁽¹⁾
April 1-30, 2022		-		-		-	$	14,980,671
May 1-31, 2022		-		-		-		14,980,671
June 1-30, 2022		-		-		-		14,980,671
Total		-		-		-	$	14,980,671