UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

or

Commission File Number 000-50009

(949) 721-8272

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for any shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files.) Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.) Yes ☐ No ☒

As of MayAugust 18, 2023, the registrant had 12,800,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001, issued and outstanding.

PACIFIC HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION, INC.

FORM 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial InformationStatements

Pacific Health Care Organization, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Pacific Health Care Organization, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Pacific Health Care Organization, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Pacific Health Care Organization, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Pacific Health Care Organization, Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the ThreeSix Months Ended March 31,June 30, 2023

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 - BASIS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) and in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements have been condensed or omitted in accordance with GAAP rules and regulations. The information furnished in these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements includes normal recurring adjustments and reflects all adjustments, which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of such financial statements. The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect both the recorded values of assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the revenues recognized and expenses incurred during the reporting period. These estimates and assumptions affect the Company’s recognition of deferred expenses, bad debts, income taxes, the carrying value of its long-lived assets and its provision for certain contingencies. The reasonableness of these estimates and assumptions is evaluated continually based on a combination of historical and other information that comes to the Company’s attention that may vary its outlook for the future. While management believes the disclosures and information presented are adequate to make the information not misleading, the Company recommends these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements be read in conjunction with its audited financial statements and notes thereto included in its annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Operating results for the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2023, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023.

Principles of Consolidation — The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Basis of Accounting—The Company uses the accrual method of accounting in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for the periods ended March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022.

Revenue Recognition— The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).” The core principle underlying Topic 606 is that the Company will recognize revenue to represent the transfer of goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in such exchange. This will require the Company to identify contractual performance obligations and determine whether revenue should be recognized at a point in time or over time, based on when control of goods and services transfers to a customer.

ASC 606 requires the use of a five-step model to recognize revenue from customer contracts. The five-step model requires that the Company (i) identify the contract with the customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, including variable consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant future reversal will not occur, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the respective performance obligations in the contract, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies the performance obligation. Revenues are generated as services are provided to the customer based on the sales price agreed and collected. The Company recognizes revenue as the time is worked or as units of production are completed, which is when the revenue is earned and realized. Labor costs are recognized as the costs are incurred.

The Company derives its revenue from the sale of services offered through its HCOs, MPNs, utilization review, medical bill review, medical case management, services, lien representation, carve-outs, and Medicare set-aside. These services are billed individually as separate components to our customers. TheseServices from which we generate fees include monthly and/or annual HCO and/or MPN administration, fees, claim and network access, fees, medical bill review, fees, legal support fees,utilization review, medical case management, employee advocate, Medicare set-aside, fees, lien service fees, workers’ compensation carve-outs, utilization review fees, medical case management flat rate fees or hourly fees depending on the agreement with the customer.legal support, and lien service.

Pacific Health Care Organization, Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the ThreeSix Months Ended March 31,June 30, 2023

(Unaudited)

The Company enters arrangements for bundled managed care, standalone services, or add-on ancillary services which include various units of accounting such as network solutions and patient management, includingand managed care. Such elements are considered separate units of accounting due to each element having value to the customer on a stand-alone basis and are billed separately. The selling price for each unit of accounting is determined using the contract price. When the Company’s customers purchase several productsservices, the pricing of the productsservice sold is generally the same as if the productsservices were sold on an individual basis. Revenue is recognized as the work is performed in accordance with the Company’s customer contracts. Based upon the nature of the Company’s products,services, bundled managed care elements are generally delivered in the same accounting period. The Company recognizes revenue for patient management services ratably over the life of the customer contract. Based upon prior experience in managed care, the Company estimates the deferral amount from when the customer’s claim is received to when the customer contract expires. Advance payments from subscribers and billings made in advance are recorded on the balance sheet as deferred revenue.

Accounts Receivables and Bad Debt Allowance – In the normal course of business the Company extends credit to its customers on a short-term basis. Although the credit risk associated with these customers is minimal, the Company routinely reviews its accounts receivable balances and makes provisions for doubtful accounts. The Company ages its receivables by dates of invoices.invoice date. Management reviews bad debt reserves quarterly and reserves specific accounts as warranted or sets up a general reserve based on amounts over 90 days past due. When an account is deemed uncollectible, the Company charges off the receivable against the bad debt reserve. A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessing the realization of these receivables including the current creditworthiness of each customer and related aging of the past-due balances, including any billing disputes. To assess the collectability of these receivables, the Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition. Through these evaluations, the Company may become aware of situations where a customer may not be able to meet its financial obligations due to deterioration of its financial viability, credit rating or bankruptcy. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on the best information available to the Company and is reevaluated and adjusted as additional information is received. The Company evaluates the allowance based on historical write-off experience, the size of the individual customer balances, past-due amounts, and the overall national economy. At March 31,June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, bad debt reserves of $8,037$8,971 and $7,807, respectively, were maintained in a general reserve for certain balances over 90 days past due and for accounts that are potentially uncollectible.

The percentages of the amounts due from major customers to total accounts receivable as of March 31,June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, are as follows:

Significant Customers - The Company provides services to insurers, third party administrators, self-administered employers, municipalities, and other industries. The Company is able to provide its full range of services to virtually any size employer in the state of California. Outside the state of California, the Company is able to provide utilization review, medical bill review and medical case management services.

During the periods ended March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company had two customers, respectively, that individually accounted for more than 10% of its total sales. The following table sets forth details regarding the percentages of total sales attributable to the Company’s significantthose customers in the past two years:during those periods:

Leases - The Company follows the guidance of ASC 842, Leases, which requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for virtually all leases. The Company elected to exclude from its balance sheetssheet recognition of leases having a term of 12 months or less. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. See Note 2 for further information regarding the Company’s leases.

Pacific Health Care Organization, Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the ThreeSix Months Ended March 31,June 30, 2023

(Unaudited)

NOTE 2 - OPERATING LEASES

On April 1, 2022, the Company moved office locations from 1201 Dove Street, Suite 300 in Newport Beach, California to 19800 MacArthur Boulevard, Suite 300,306 & 307, in Irvine, California. This lease expireswas to expire as of March 31, 2023, but was renewed on December 10, 2022, for an additional 12-month lease, with a new expiration of March 31, 2024. The Company elected to exclude from its balance sheetssheet the recognition of leases having a term of 12 months or less. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. If a Company lease does not provide an implicit rate, the Company develops an estimated incremental borrowing rate at the commencement date based on the estimated rate at which it would borrow, in the current economic environment, in an amount equal to the lease payments over a similar term on a collateralized basis, which is used to determine the present value of lease payments. The Company had no finance leases at December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Generally, the implicit rate of interest in arrangements is not readily determinable and the Company utilizes its incremental borrowing rate in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company’s incremental borrowing rate is a hypothetical rate based on its understanding of what its credit rating would be. The ROU assets include any lease payments made and exclude lease incentives.

The components of lease expense and supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the period are as follows:

The supplemental balance sheet information related to leases for the period is as follows:

Maturities of the Company’s undiscounted lease liabilities are as follows:

Lease expenses were $9,963$10,730 and $75,584$11,372 during the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively; and $20,693 and $86,956 during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Pacific Health Care Organization, Inc.

Notesdirectors declared a special one-time cash dividend of $0.10 per share on each share of Company common stock outstanding at the record date of June 5, 2023. Pursuant to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Forrights provided in the Three Months Ended March 31,Designation of Rights, Privileges and Preferences of Series A Preferred Stock dated December 27, 2019, holders of the Company’s Series A Preferred Stock participated in the dividend payment based on the number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock held on the record date. On the record date, June 5, 2023, we had 12,800,000 shares of common stock and 16,000 shares of Series A Preferred stock issued and outstanding.

(Unaudited)

As of June 30, 2023, we issued $1,281,600 in dividends with $170,616 of that amount remaining payable. This payable has been accrued and included in the dividend payable on the balance sheet.

NOTE 34 - SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

In accordance with ASC 855-10 Company management reviewed all material events through the date of issuance and has determined that there are no material subsequent events to report.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial StatementsCondition and Results of Operations

Throughout this quarterly report, unless the context indicates otherwise, the terms, “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company” refer to Pacific Health Care Organization, Inc., (“PHCO”) and our wholly-owned subsidiaries Medex Healthcare, Inc. (“Medex”), Medex Managed Care, Inc. (“MMC”) and Medex Medical Management, Inc. (“MMM”), and, where applicable, our former subsidiaries Industrial Resolutions Coalition (“IRC”), Medex Legal Support, Inc. (“MLS”) and Pacific Medical Holding Company, Inc. (“PMHC”).

All statements other than statements of historical fact included herein and in the documents incorporated by reference in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q (this “quarterly report”), if any, including without limitation, statements regarding our future financial position or results of operations, business strategy, potential acquisitions, budgets, projected costs, and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “foresee,” “future,” “intend,” “likely,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “strategy,” “will,” “would,” and other similar expressions and their negatives.

Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, many of which may be beyond our control. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof, and actual results could differ materially as a result of various factors. The following include some but not all of the factors that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from anticipated results or events:

         ●         legislative and regulatory requirements or changes which could render our services less competitive or obsolete; and

         ●         our failure to successfully develop new services and/or products either organically or through acquisition, or to anticipate current or prospective customers’ needs.

For more detailed information about particular risk factors related to us and our business, see Item 1A Risk Factors of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) on March 31, 2023 (the(our “Annual Report”).

We operate in a competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for our management to predict all risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

You

One should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are based on the beliefs of management as well as assumptions made by and information currently available to management and apply only as of the date of this quarterly report or the respective dates of the documents from which it incorporates by reference. Neither we nor any other person assumes any responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of forward-looking statements. Further, except to the extent required by law, we undertake no obligations to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or a change in events, conditions, circumstances, or assumptions underlying such statements, or otherwise. We may also make additional forward-looking statements from time to time. Any subsequent forward-looking statements, whether written or oral, made by us or on our behalf, are also expressly qualified by these cautionary statements.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes contained elsewhere in this quarterly report and in our other filings with the Commission.

Overview

We incorporated under the laws of the state of Utah in April 1970, under the name Clear Air, Inc. We changed our name to Pacific Health Care Organization, Inc., in January 2001. In February 2001, we acquired Medex, a California corporation organized in March 1994, in a share for share exchange. Medex is in the business of managing and administering both Health Care Organizations (“HCOs”) and Medical Provider Networks (“MPNs”) in the state of California. In August 2001, we formed IRC, a California corporation, as a wholly owned subsidiary of PHCO. Prior to closing IRC, IRC oversaw and managed our Workers’ Compensation carve-outs services. In June 2010, we acquired MLS, a Nevada corporation incorporated in September 2009. Prior to closing MLS, MLS offered lien representation services and Medicare set-aside services (“MSA”). In February 2012, we incorporated MMM, a Nevada corporation, as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. MMM is responsible for overseeing and managing medical case management services. In March 2011, we incorporated MMC, a Nevada corporation, as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. MMC oversees and manages the Company’s utilization review and bill review services. In February 2012, we incorporated MMM, a Nevada corporation, as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. MMM is responsible for overseeing and managing medical case management services. In October 2018, we incorporated PMHC, a Nevada corporation, as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company to act as a holding company for future potential acquisitions.

In October 2021, to simplify business procedures, bookkeeping and administrative structure; and eliminate duplicative functions and reduce costs; we terminated the existence of IRC, MLS and PMHC and wound up those subsidiaries.subsidiaries in an effort to simplify business procedures, bookkeeping and administrative structure, eliminate duplicative functions, and reduce costs. The business, assets, liabilities, and services of those entities were transferred to PHCO or its other subsidiaries. Medex now offers our Workers’ Compensation carve-out services previously provided by IRC and Medicare-set asidesMedicare set-asides previously managed by MLS. MMC oversees the lien representation services previously offered by MLS.

Business of the Company

We offer an integrated and layered array of complementary business solutions that enable our customers to better manage their employee workers’ compensation-related healthcare administration costs. We are constantly looking for ways to expand the suite of services we can provide our customers, either through strategic acquisitions or organic development.

Our business objective is to deliver value to our customers by reducing their workers’ compensation-related medical claims expense in a manner that will assure that injured employees receive high quality healthcare that allows them to recover from injury and return to gainful employment without undue delay. According to studies conducted by auditing bodies on behalf of the California Division of Workers’ Compensation, (“DWC”) the two most significant cost drivers for workers’ compensation are claims frequency and longer than average treatment duration. Our services focus on ensuring timely medical treatment to reduce the claim duration and medical treatment costs.

Our services include providing customers access to our HCOs and MPNs. We also provide medical case management, medical bill review, utilization review, workers’ compensation carve-outs and Medicare set-aside services. Complementary to these services, we also provide lien representation and expert witness testimony. We offer our services as a bundled solution, as standalone services, or as add-on services.

Our core services focus on reducing medical treatment costs by enabling our customers to have control and oversight of the medical treatment of their injured employees to ensure treatment is timely and appropriate. This control is primarily obtained by participation in one of our medical provider networks. We hold several government-issued licenses to operate medical provider networks. Through Medex, we hold two of the total of four licenses issued by the state of California to establish and manage HCOs within the state of California. We also hold approvals issued by the state of California to act as an MPN and currently administer 27 MPNs. Our HCO and MPN programs provide our customers with provider networks within which the customer has some ability to direct the administration of the claim. This is designed to decrease the incidence of fraudulent claims and disability awards and ensure injured employees receive the necessary back-to-work rehabilitation and training they need.training. Our medical bill and utilization review services provide oversight of medical billing and treatment requests, and our medical case management keeps workers’ compensation claims progressing to a resolution and assures treatment plans are aligned from a medical perspective.

Our customers include self-administered employers, insurers, third party administrators, municipalities, and others. Our principal customers are companies with operations located in the state of California where the cost of workers’ compensation insurance is a critical problem for employers, though we process medical bill reviews, utilization reviews and provide medical case management in several other states. Our provider networks, which are located only in California, are composed of providers experienced in treating worker injuries.

Our business generally has a long sales cycle, typically eight months or more. Once we have established a customer relationship and enrolled employees of our employer customers, we anticipate our revenue to adjust with the growth or retraction of our customers’ employee headcount. Throughout the year, we also expect to add new customers while others terminate for a variety of reasons. The reasons for termination vary but include when a customer switches to an insurance carrier or third party administrator that uses a different workers’ compensation administration vendor, or when our contract ends with state and local governments.

Impact of COVID-19 on our Business

In February 2022, California passed the COVID-19 Supplemental Paid Sick Leave law (“CSPSL”). It provided employees paid leave for COVID-19 related reasons such as caring for themselves, family members, or for vaccine related appointments or illnesses caused by COVID-19 or the vaccine from January 1, 2022 through September 30, 2022. The CSPSL allowed employees to retroactively request reimbursement for qualifying leave or to use it towards future requests through September 30, 2022. Employers whose employees utilized CSPSL are ineligible for federal tax credits to offset the costs of providing the CSPSL. On September 29, 2022, California passed a bill that extended the CSPSL leave through December 31, 2022, and provides a supplemental paid sick leave relief grant program for employers for reimbursement of CSPSL. As of the date of this quarterly report, the CSPSL relief grant program is still in development and unavailable to apply for. When it becomes available, we intend to apply for reimbursement of CSPSL leave.leave under the grant program.

While the CSPSL leave expired on December 31, 2022, we continue to have family, medical, and other types of leave available to employees under pre-existing Company policy. As of the date of this quarterly report, California has not passed additional COVID-19 related sick leave laws.

UnlikeDuring the COVID-19 pandemic we largely converted to a remote working environment, which unlike much of the U.S. economy, we have maintainedhas helped us maintain relatively steady employee recruitment and retention. Our maintenance of a successful remote environment includinghas enabled us to keep relatively high employee morale and cohesive culture via technology,technology. Our remote work environment has also allowed us to seek candidates in a wider range of locations, some of which have lower costs of living and lower wage norms, as well as increasingand, in turn, increase the quantity of qualified applicants.applicants available to us. While we cannot predict or control future labor trends in labor in our industry, we believe that our solid recruitment practices and the opportunities presented by remote work options will help us adapt to a changing workforce environment.

We have opted to keep the majority of our workforce remote and we have taken measures to ensure data security, but there is no guarantee that these measures will be completely effective, that our productivity will not be adversely impacted, or that we will not encounter other risks associated with a remote workforce, such as increased loss of direct control of and reliance on third party information systems required for us to run our business. As discussed in greater detail in Item 1A Risk Factors of our Annual Report, our business has been and could continue to be materially and adversely affected by the interruptions and changes to our business operations resulting from or in response to COVID-19.

Key trends affecting results of operations

During the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022, COVID-19 continued to impact the businesses of our customers and our results of operations. DuringFor example, in the three months ended March 31,first quarter of 2022, our customers had ana relatively large increase in COVID-19 related workers’ compensation claims due to the seasonality of the illness and as the economy opened back up and peopleemployees returned to their offices,workplaces. Our HCO customers’ industries generally have a higher risk of exposure to COVID-19 and thus reported a greater number of COVID-19 related claims. As a result, HCO COVID-19 related claims remained elevated in the first nine months of 2022. Our MPN customers, whose industries were at a relatively lower risk for COVID-19 exposure had a large increase in reported COVID-19 related claims in the first quarter of 2022 but declined again during the second quarter of 2022. During the first two quarters of 2023, COVID-19 related claims have remained low, and we have realized minimal related revenues, as immunity and usea result. We anticipate that revenues related to COVID-19 related claims will remain low through the remainder of vaccines2023.

During 2022, the increased volume of COVID-19 related workers’ compensation claims has decreased throughresulted in temporary increases in our revenues generated from claim network and medical case manager fees, particularly during the first quarter of 2023.2022. However, that trend began reversing during the second quarter of 2022, as the severity and frequency of the illness declined and California Sick Paid Leave “CSPSL” ended paid time off for COVID-19 related illnesses, which we believe also has contributed to lower reporting of COVID-19 related illnesses.

COVID-19 related workers’ compensation claims have generally remained minimal since the fourth quarter of 2022. The declinerelative declines in COVID-19 related workers’ compensation claims since the end of the first quarter of 2022 through the first quarter of 2023 has adversely affected thehave resulted in lower revenues generated from claim network and medical case management fees when a claim is opened, as well as fees generated when a medical case manager is assigned tocomparing the claim.three and six month periods of 2023 with 2022. Because we believe COVID-19 related workers’ compensation claims have stabilized at their current minimal levels, we do not expect further material declines in COVID-19 related workers’ compensation claims and related revenues.

During the firstsecond quarter of 2023, we saw a slightan increase in the number of employees enrolled in our HCO and MPN programs; however, given the current economic outlook we could see declines in enrollees for future periods.programs. The enrollment numbers in our HCO and MPN programs generally correlate with general economic conditions and the size and activities of our customers’ workforce. If economic conditions continue to bebecome challenging, including from the effects of inflationary pressures, elevated interest rates, and challenging labor market conditions, our customers may reduce their workforce, in which case we would expect a decline in the number of employees enrolled in our HCO and MPN programs in future periods and in related revenues.

During the fourth quarter of 2022 and through the first quarter of 2023, we experienced difficulties when transitioning between new software vendors for our utilization review and medical case management services. Throughout these software transitions, our automated processes had to be performed manually, which caused delays in providing services and invoicing our customers, reduced productivity and resulted in additional outsourcing costs. Our revenues continued to benet income was adversely impacted in the first quarter of 2023 as a result of the interruptions and costs associated with these software transition difficulties. WhileHowever, during the newsecond quarter of 2023 some of the issues were resolved and we expect the remaining issues will be resolved with further planned enhancements. As a result of the recent software is now nearly functional, certain functionalities are still being developed. Asresolutions, as of the date of this quarterly report, we believe the delayed invoicing problems have been addressed, and we expect thatmuch of the related outstanding accounts receivable will decrease,has decreased, and there has been an increase in utilization review and medical case management productivity will increase.productivity.

As previously disclosed in our Annual Report, Fortra, LLC, the third-party vendor that provides the GoAnywhere managed file transfer as a service system (MFTaaS), experienced a data security incident that affected many of Fortra’s customers, including the Company. As of the date of this quarterly report, this incident has not caused a material interruption of our business operations. Our investigation into the details of this incident is ongoing, but to the extent we discover further details of the data accessed, we will provide the appropriate notifications to any individuals affected by the incident, as well as to government and regulatory agencies as required by federal and state law. We have incurred expenses, and may incur in the future expenses and losses, related to this incident, some of which may not be covered by cyber liability insurance. Further, because of the ongoing nature of our investigation into this incident and current unknowns,unknown, an estimate of the impactsimpact on our business, results of operations and other potential liabilities cannot be made.

Revenue

We derive revenue primarily from fees charged for access to our HCO and MPN provider networks, claim network fees, HCO/MPN network administration, medical bill review, utilization review, medical case management, services, Medicare set-asides, and network access.

HCO

HCO revenue is generated from fees charged to our employer customers for claim network fees to access our HCO networks, employee enrollment into our HCO program, program administration, custom network fees, annual and new hire notifications, and fees for other ancillary services they may select.

MPN

Like HCO revenue, MPN revenue is generated from fees charged to our employer customers for claim network fees to access our MPN networks, custom network fees, and program administration. Unlike HCOs, MPNs do not require annual and new hire notifications,notifications; rather, MPNs are only required to provide a notice to an injured employee at the time the employer is notified by the injured employee that an injury occurred.

Medical bill review

California and many other states have established fee schedules for the maximum allowable fees payable under workers’ compensation for a variety of procedures performed by medical providers. Many procedures, however, are not covered under the fee schedules, such as hospital bills, which still require review and negotiation. Medical bill review involves analyzing medical provider services and equipment billing to ascertain proper reimbursement. SuchOur medical bill review services include but are not limited to, coding review and re-bundling, confirming that the services are customary and reasonable, fee schedule compliance, out-of-network bill review, pharmacy review, and preferred provider organization repricing arrangements. Our medical bill review services can result in significant savings for our customers. Revenue for medical bill reviews is generated based on a set fee per medical bill reviewed.reviewed and a percentage of savings. Hospital billsbill review services generate revenue on a percentage of savings off the original amount,official medical fee schedule (OMFS) set by the California Department of Industrial Relations, usually with a negotiated cap on the maxmaximum amount we can charge for a hospital bill.

Utilization review

Utilization review is the review of medical treatment requests by providers to provide a safeguard for employers and injured employees against unnecessary and inappropriate medical treatment from the perspective of medical necessity, quality of care, appropriateness of decision-making, and timeliness of treatment. Its purpose is to reduce employer liability for medical costs that are not medically appropriate or approved by the relevant medical and legal authorities and the payor. We generate revenue when we receive a request for authorization of treatment from a claims adjuster. We bill by the number of treatment requests or by referral and the level of reviewer required to approve, modify, or deny the request.review.

Medical case management

Medical case management oversees the injured employees’ medical treatment to ensure that it progresses to a resolution and assures treatment plans are aligned from a medical perspective. Medical oversight is a collaborative process that assesses, evaluates, coordinates, implements and monitors medical treatment plans and the options and services required to meet an injured worker’s health needs. Our medical case management services are performed by nurses who are credentialed by the state and have expertise in various clinical areas and backgrounds in workers’ compensation matters. We work to manage the number of nurses in our program to maintain our ratio of claims per nurse at a level that ensures timely and appropriate medical care is given to the injured worker and facilitates faster claimsclaim closures for our customers. We also offer employee advocate services, which is similar to medical case management in that it utilizes our medical case managers who provide similar services; however, the medical case manager is an advocate of the employee. We generate revenue from these services when we receive a workers’ compensation claim and a medical case manager is assigned to oversee the injured workers’ medical treatment, with billing based on the number of hours a medical case manager works on the claim.

Utilization review

Utilization review is the review of medical treatment requests by providers to provide a safeguard for employers and injured employees against unnecessary or inappropriate medical treatment from the perspective of medical necessity, quality of care, appropriateness of decision-making, and timeliness of treatment. Its purpose is to reduce employer liability for medical costs that are not medically appropriate or approved by the relevant medical and legal authorities and the payor. We generate revenue when we receive a request for authorization of treatment from a claims adjuster. We bill by the number of treatment requests and the level of expertise of the reviewer required to approve, modify, or deny the request.

Other

Other revenue consists of revenue derived from network access fees charged for network access for preferred provider organizations, lien representation, ancillary legal support services, Medicare set-aside and Workers’ Compensation carve-out services.

The following table sets forth, for the quarters ended March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022, the percentage each revenue item identified in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contributed to total revenue during the respective period.

Expense

Consulting fees

Consulting fees include fees we pay to third parties for IT, marketing, and in-house legal advice for the various services we offer.

Salaries and wages

Salaries and wages reflect employment-related compensation we pay to our employees, payroll processing, payroll taxes and commissions.

Professional fees

Professional fees include fees we pay to third parties to provide medical consulting, field medical case management, and board of director’s fees for board meetings, as well as legal and accounting fees.

Insurance

Insurance expenses are comprised primarily of health insurance benefits offered to our employees, directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, cyber security, Workers’ Compensation coverage and business liability coverage.

Outsource service fees

Outsource service fees consist of costs incurred by our subsidiaries inby partially outsourcing utilization review, medical bill review, administrative services for medical case management and Medicare set-aside services and typically tend to increase and decrease in correlation with customer demand for those services.

Data maintenance fees

Data maintenance fees include fees we pay to a third party to process HCO and MPN employee enrollments and host our HCO and MPN provider networks. HCO and MPN employee enrollment fees fluctuate throughout the year because of the varied timing of customer enrollment into our HCO or MPN programs, the number of employees our customers have in their workforce, and the number of new hires throughout the year.

General and administrative

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of office rent, advertising, dues and subscriptions, equipment/repairs, IT enhancement, licenses and permits, telephone, office supplies, parking, postage, printing and reproduction, rent expense for equipment, miscellaneous expenses, shareholders’ expense, charity – cash contribution, auto expenses, bank charges, education, travel and entertainment, and vacation expense.

The following table sets forth, for the quarters ended March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022, the percentage each expense item identified in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contributed to total expense during the respective period.

Results of Operations

Comparison of the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022

The following represents selected components of our consolidated results of operations for the three-month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, together with changes from period-to-period.period-to-period:

Revenue

HCO

During the three-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2023, HCO revenue decreased 23%increased 9%, compared to the same period in the prior year. The decreaseincrease in HCO revenue was attributable to a decrease in thefrom an increased number of monthly and annual HCO enrollees and related administration and notification fees. The increase was partially offset by decreases in claim network fees due to fewer COVID-19 and other non-COVID-19 related workers’ compensation claims. Duringclaims compared with the firstsecond quarter of 2022, there waswhen we were experiencing a spiketemporary increase in the number of reported COVID-19 related claims, which accounted for 30% of that quarter’s revenue for claim network fees. Since then,claims. Because we believe COVID-19 related claims have been moderately reported, as the severity and frequency of illness has declined, and California Sick Paid Leave “CSPSL” ended paid time off for COVID-19 related illness, whichstabilized at a minimal level, we believe contributes to lower reporting of COVID-19 related illnesses. We do not expect HCO revenues to be materially affected by any further decline infrom COVID-19 related claims as the number of remaining COVID-19 related claims is minimal.to remain low.

MPN

MPN revenue for the three-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2023, decreased by 13%10%, compared to the same period in the prior year. The decrease in revenue was largely attributable to a decrease in the number of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 related workers’ compensation claims from which we generated claim network fee revenue when comparing the second quarters of 2022 and 2023, as well as a loss of a customer in the firstsecond quarter of 2023. InDuring the firstsecond quarter of 2022, COVID-19 related claims accounted for 35%11% of the quarter’s revenues for MPN claim network fees. Since then, COVID-19 related claims have been moderately reported, mainly due to the reasons discussed in HCO revenue above,stabilized at minimal levels, and as a result we do not expect MPN revenues to be materially affected by any further decline infrom COVID-19 related claims as the number of remaining COVID-19 related claims is minimal.to remain low. The decrease in MPN revenue was partially offset by increases in the number of enrollees into our monthly MPN program.

Medical bill review

During the three-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2023, medical bill review revenue decreased by 25%, compared to the same period in the prior year. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease infewer hospital and non-hospital bills reviewed with existingand the loss of two customers in the second quarter of 2023. The decrease was partially offset by the addition of a new customer in the fourth quarter of 2022.

Medical case management

During the three-month period ended June 30, 2023, medical case management revenue decreased 28%, compared to the same period in the prior year. The decrease was attributable to a decline in COVID-19 related claims in relation to the same period of 2022 and a decline in non-COVID-19 related claims from existing customers. During the pandemic, some of our customers opted to have COVID-19 related claims assigned a medical case manager regardless of severity of the illness, and the trend continued into the third quarter of 2022. Due largely to the severity and frequency of COVID-19 claims declining since the third quarter of 2022, our customers have stopped requiring a medical case manager to be assigned to those claims, which has adversely impacted medical case management revenues. The decrease was partially offset by increases in revenue generated from our employee advocate program. We expect medical case management revenues from COVID-19 related claims to remain low as fewer COVID-19 related claims are being reported and the severity of the illness does not require a medical case manager.

Utilization review

During the three-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2023, utilization review revenue increased 26%10%, compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase in utilization review revenue was due to the addition of a new customer in the fourth quarter of 2022 and increases in utilization reviews fromreferrals for existing customers. We expect that the growth in utilization review will continue as our new operational software becomes fully functional but will level off once it is fully operational.

Medical case management

During the three-month period ended March 31, 2023, medical case management revenue decreased 21%, comparedcustomers, partially offset by a decrease due to the same periodloss of a customer in the prior year. The decrease was attributable to a decline in COVID-19 related claims in the firstsecond quarter of 2023, fewer medical case management claims from existing customers, and disruptions stemming from difficulties and inefficiencies in transitioning to new operational software. In the first quarter of 2022, as COVID-19 related claims increased, the demand for medical case managers assigned to the claims increased. However, since the end of the first quarter of 2022, there has been a decline in the number of COVID-19 related claims and the correlated decline in assignment of claims to medical case managers, which has adversely impacted our medical case management revenues. Unless a new COVID-19 strain causes another severe outbreak, we expect that revenues from COVID-19 related claims to remain low as fewer COVID-19 related claims are reported and the severity of the illness does not require a medical case manager.2023.

Other

Other revenue for the three-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2023, increased 57%decreased 24%, compared to the same period in the prior year. The increasedecrease was mainly attributable to increasesdecreases in the number of referrals for Medicare set-aside and network access fees.

Expenses

Total expenses for the three monththree-month period ended March 31,June 30, 2023, increaseddecreased 6%, compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase was attributable to depreciation, consulting fees, salariesSalaries and wages professional fees, outsource service fees, and data maintenance fees, partially offset by decreases in bad debt provision, anddecreased $59,708, general and administrative fees.decreased $53,553, data maintenance decreased $15,561, and insurance decreased $10,096. Outsource service fees increased $38,703, professional fees increased $21,327, as well as increases in other expenses.

DepreciationConsulting fees

During the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2023, depreciation expenseconsulting expenses increased by $5,184,8%, compared to the three-month period ended June 30, 2022, due to increased information systems and marketing expenses.

Salaries and wages

During the three months ended June 30, 2023, salaries and wages decreased 9%, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022,June 30, 2022. The decrease was due to a decrease in the number of our disposingemployees, partially offset by increases in wages and salaries for our existing employees.

Professional fees

During the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2023, professional fees increased 9%27%, compared to the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2022. The increase in professional fees was primarily the result of fees incurred in providing ourlegal and field medical case management service,fees, partially offset by decreases in legalother professional fees.

Insurance