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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

FORM10-Q

(Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017

March 31, 2020
or
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period fromto

Commission file number001-36895

FRANKLIN FINANCIAL NETWORK, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Tennessee20-8839445

(State or other jurisdiction of


incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer


Identification No.)

722 Columbia Avenue

Franklin, Tennessee

37064
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)

722 Columbia Avenue, Franklin, Tennessee 37064
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

615-236-2265

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

N/A

(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report)


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, no par valueFSBNew York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant:registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes      No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of RegulationS-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes      No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, anon-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filerAccelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer☐  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes      No  

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, no par value per share, as of November 7, 2017,April 29, 2020, was 13,215,564.

14,919,433.




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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” as defined under U.S. federal securities laws. Theseforward-looking statements regarding, among other things, our anticipated financial and operating results, the transaction with FB Financial Corporation, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, our plans regarding reductions in non-core banking activities and our Corporate and Healthcare loan portfolio. The Company claims the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements reflect our management’s current knowledge, assumptions, beliefs, estimates, and expectations and express management’s current views of future performance, results, and trends and may be identified by their use of termsexpectations. Words such as “may,“anticipate,“would,“believe,“could,” “should,” “will,“estimate,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “predict,” “project,” “potential,” “continue,” “contemplate,” “seek,” “assume,” “believe,” “intend,” “plan,” “forecast,“objective,“goal,“may,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “hope,” “pursue,” “seek,” and “estimate,” and other similar terms.expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. While we believe that the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that such expectations will prove correct. Forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those describedthe future results, performance, or achievements expressed in or implied by any forward-looking statement we make. Some of the relevant risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual performance to differ materially from the forward-looking statements.statements contained in this report are discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 16, 2020, and in this Form 10-Q. We caution readers that these discussions of important risks and uncertainties are not exclusive, and our business may be subject to other risks and uncertainties which are not detailed there. Readers shouldare cautioned not to place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. SuchWe make forward-looking statements are made as of the date ofon which this Quarterly Report on Form10-Q is filed with the SEC, and we undertakeassume no obligation to update suchthe forward-looking statements after this date.

Risks and uncertaintiesthe date hereof whether as a result of new information or events, changed circumstances, or otherwise, except as required by law.

There are or will be important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those describedindicated in these forward-looking statements, include those discussedincluding, but not limited to, the following:
the risk that the cost savings and any revenue synergies from the proposed merger with FB Financial Corporation may not be realized or may take longer than anticipated to be realized;
disruption from the proposed merger with customer, supplier, or employee relationships;
the occurrence of any event, change, or other circumstances that could give rise to the termination of the merger agreement with FB Financial Corporation;
the failure to obtain necessary regulatory approvals for the proposed merger with FB Financial Corporation;
the failure to obtain the approval of the Company’s and FB Financial Corporation’s shareholders in connection with the proposed merger;
the possibility that the costs, fees, expenses, and charges related to the proposed merger with FB Financial Corporation may be greater than anticipated, including as a result of unexpected or unknown factors, events, or liabilities;
the failure of the conditions to the proposed merger to be satisfied;
the risks related to the integration of the combined businesses (as well as FB Financial Corporation’s acquisition of FNB Financial Corp completed February 14, 2020, and any future acquisitions), including the risk that the integration will be materially delayed or will be more costly or difficult than expected;
the diversion of management time on merger-related issues;
the ability of FB Financial Corporation to effectively manage the larger and more complex operations of the combined company following the proposed merger with the Company;
reputational risk and the reaction of the Company’s and FB Financial Corporation’s customers to the proposed merger;
the risk of potential litigation or regulatory action related to the proposed merger;
business and economic conditions nationally, regionally and in our filingstarget markets, particularly in Middle Tennessee and the geographic areas in which we operate;
the concentration of our loan portfolio in real estate loans and changes in the prices, values and sales volumes of commercial and residential real estate;
the concentration of our business within our geographic areas of operation in Middle Tennessee;
credit and lending risks associated with our commercial real estate, residential real estate, commercial and industrial, and construction and land development portfolios;
adverse trends or events affecting business industry groups, reduction in real estate values or markets, business closings or layoffs, inclement weather, natural disasters, pandemic crises, and international instability;
increased competition in the banking and mortgage banking industry, nationally, regionally and locally;
our ability to execute our business strategy to achieve profitable growth;
the dependence of our operating model on our ability to attract and retain experienced and talented bankers in each of our markets;
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risks that our cost of funding could increase, in the event we are unable to continue to attract stable, low-cost deposits and reduce our cost of deposits;
our ability to increase our operating efficiency;
failure to keep pace with technological change or difficulties when implementing new technologies;
risks related to our acquisition, disposition, growth and other strategic opportunities and initiatives;
negative impact on our mortgage banking services, including declines in our mortgage originations or profitability due to rising interest rates and increased competition and regulation;
our ability to attract and maintain business banking relationships with well-qualified businesses, real estate developers and investors with proven track records in our market areas;
our ability to attract sufficient loans that meet prudent credit standards, including in our commercial and industrial and commercial real estate loan categories;
failure to maintain adequate liquidity and regulatory capital and comply with evolving federal and state banking regulations;
inability of our risk management framework to effectively mitigate credit risk, interest rate risk, liquidity risk, price risk, compliance risk, operational risk, strategic risk and reputational risk;
failure to develop new, and grow our existing, streams of non-interest income;
our ability to maintain expenses in line with our current projections;
our dependence on our management team and our ability to motivate and retain our management team;
risks related to management transition;
risks related to any future acquisitions, including failure to realize anticipated benefits from future acquisitions;
inability to find acquisition candidates that will be accretive to our financial condition and results of operations;
system failures, data security breaches (including as a result of cyber-attacks), or failures to prevent breaches of our network security;
data processing system failures and errors;
fraudulent and negligent acts by individuals and entities that are beyond our control;
fluctuations in our market value and its impact on the securities held in our securities portfolio;
changes in the level of nonperforming assets and other credit quality measures, and their impact on the adequacy of our allowance for loan losses;
further deterioration in the credits that we are presently monitoring could result in future losses;
the adequacy of our reserves (including allowance for loan losses) and the appropriateness of our methodology for calculating such reserves;
the makeup of our asset mix and investments;
our focus on small and mid-sized businesses;
an inability to raise necessary capital to fund our growth strategy or operations, or to meet increased minimum regulatory capital levels;
the sufficiency of our capital, including sources of such capital and the extent to which capital may be used or required;
interest rate shifts and its impact on our financial condition and results of operation;
the expenses that we incur to operate as a public company;
the institution and outcome of litigation and other legal proceeding against us or to which we become subject;
changes in accounting standards;
the impact of recent and future legislative and regulatory changes;
governmental monetary and fiscal policies;
changes in the scope and cost of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or FDIC, insurance and other coverage; and
future equity issuances under our Amended and Restated 2017 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan and future sales of our common stock by us or our executive officers or directors;
the continuation of the disruption to the global and national economy caused by COVID-19, which could affect our capital and liquidity position, impair the ability of borrowers to repay outstanding loans and increase our allowance for loan and lease losses, impair the collateral values, cause an outflow of deposits, result in lost revenue or additional expenses, result in goodwill impairment charges, and increase our cost of capital;
natural or other disasters, including acts of terrorism and pandemics, could have an adverse effect on us, including a material disruption of our operations or the ability or willingness of clients to access our products and services;
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widespread system outages, caused by the failure of critical internal systems or critical services provided by third parties could adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations; and
depressed market values for our stock and adverse economic conditions sustained over a period of time may require a write down to goodwill.

The foregoing factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with the Securitiessections entitled “Risk Factors” and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), including those described“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form10-K filed March 16, 2020 with the SEC, as well as the section below entitled “Statement Regarding the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic” and the section entitled “Risk Factors” in this Form 10-Q. If one or more events related to these or other risks or uncertainties materialize, or if our underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect, actual results may differ materially from our forward-looking statements. New risks and uncertainties may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict their occurrence or how they will affect us.

Statement Regarding the year ended December 31, 2016.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic


The Company prioritizes the health and safety of its employees and customers, and it will continue to do so throughout the duration of the pandemic. At the same time, the Company remains focused on improving shareholder value, managing credit exposure, challenging expenses, enhancing the customer experience and supporting the communities it serves. Lastly, the Company is actively participating in the Small Business Administration's ("SBA") Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") in an effort to continue to serve its customers and the communities it serves.

Throughout this Form 10-Q, the Company has sought to describe the historical and future impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company's operations, including the discussions of our loan loss provision and allowance for loan and lease losses. Although the Company believes that the statements that pertain to future events, results and trends and their impact on the Company's business are reasonable at the present time, those statements are not historical facts and are based upon current assumptions, expectations, estimates and projections, many of which, by their nature, are beyond the Company's control. Accordingly, all discussions regarding future events, results and trends and their impact on the Company's business, even in the near term, are necessarily uncertain given the fluid and evolving nature of the pandemic.

If the health, logistical or economic effects of the pandemic worsen, or if the assumptions, expectations, estimates or projections that underlie the Company's statements regarding future effects or trends prove to be incorrect, then the Company's operations may be materially and adversely impacted in ways that the Company cannot reasonably forecast.

Therefore, when reading this Form 10-Q, undue reliance should not be placed upon any statement pertaining to future events, results and trends and their impact on the Company's business in future periods.
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PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FRANKLIN FINANCIAL NETWORK, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

   September 30,
2017
  December 31,
2016
 
   (Unaudited)    

ASSETS

   

Cash and due from financial institutions

  $155,842  $90,927 

Certificates of deposit at other financial institutions

   2,365   1,055 

Securities available for sale

   980,737   754,755 

Securities held to maturity (fair value 2017—$220,089 and 2016—$227,892)

   217,312   228,894 

Loans held for sale, at fair value

   11,823   23,699 

Loans

   2,115,930   1,773,592 

Allowance for loan losses

   (19,944  (16,553
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net loans

   2,095,986   1,757,039 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Restricted equity securities, at cost

   18,472   11,843 

Premises and equipment, net

   11,217   9,551 

Accrued interest receivable

   11,156   9,931 

Bank owned life insurance

   23,732   23,267 

Deferred tax asset

   13,592   15,013 

Foreclosed assets

   1,503   —   

Servicing rights, net

   3,639   3,621 

Goodwill

   9,124   9,124 

Core deposit intangible, net

   1,117   1,480 

Other assets

   7,663   2,990 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total assets

  $3,565,278  $2,943,189 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

   

Deposits

   

Non-interest bearing

  $257,177  $233,781 

Interest bearing

   2,567,648   2,158,037 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total deposits

   2,824,825   2,391,818 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

   337,000   132,000 

Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements

   32,862   83,301 

Subordinated notes, net

   58,470   58,337 

Accrued interest payable

   2,597   1,924 

Other liabilities

   5,827   5,448 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total liabilities

   3,261,581   2,672,828 

Equity

   

Preferred stock, no par value: 1,000,000 shares authorized; no shares outstanding at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016

   —     —   

Common stock, no par value: 30,000,000 and 20,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively; 13,209,055 and 13,036,954 issued at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively

   221,642   218,354 

Retained earnings

   85,075   59,386 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

   (3,123  (7,482
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total shareholders’ equity

   303,594   270,258 

Noncontrolling interest in consolidated subsidiary

   103   103 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total equity

  $303,697  $270,361 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity

  $3,565,278  $2,943,189 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

March 31,
2020
December 31,
2019
(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Cash and due from financial institutions$173,482  $234,991  
Certificates of deposit at other financial institutions3,345  3,590  
Securities available for sale543,225  652,132  
Loans held for sale, at fair value42,682  43,162  
Loans held for investment2,855,768  2,812,444  
Allowance for loan losses(38,403) (45,436) 
Net loans2,817,365  2,767,008  
Restricted equity securities, at cost24,844  24,802  
Premises and equipment, net48,470  12,141  
Accrued interest receivable12,043  12,362  
Bank owned life insurance57,082  56,726  
Deferred tax asset12,846  14,229  
Servicing rights, net3,057  3,246  
Goodwill18,176  18,176  
Core deposit intangible, net354  448  
Other assets34,630  53,149  
Total assets$3,791,601  $3,896,162  
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Deposits
Non-interest bearing$387,195  $319,373  
Interest bearing2,750,276  2,888,211  
Total deposits3,137,471  3,207,584  
Federal Home Loan Bank advances135,000  155,000  
Subordinated notes, net58,916  58,872  
Accrued interest payable3,179  4,201  
Other liabilities48,187  60,079  
Total liabilities3,382,753  3,485,736  
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 9)
Equity
Preferred stock, no par value: 1.0 million shares authorized; 0 shares outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019—  —  
Common stock, no par value: 30.0 million authorized; 14.9 million issued and outstanding at March 31, 2020 and 14.8 million issued and outstanding December 31, 2019, respectively277,341  275,412  
Retained earnings131,061  133,102  
Accumulated other comprehensive income353  1,819  
Total shareholders’ equity408,755  410,333  
Non-controlling interest in consolidated subsidiary93  93  
Total equity408,848  410,426  
Total liabilities and equity$3,791,601  $3,896,162  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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FRANKLIN FINANCIAL NETWORK, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)

   

Three Months Ended

September 30,

  

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

 
   2017  2016  2017  2016 

Interest income and dividends

     

Loans, including fees

  $25,973  $20,192  $73,195  $56,864 

Securities:

     

Taxable

   5,041   3,889   16,358   11,402 

Tax-Exempt

   2,217   1,457   6,449   3,776 

Dividends on restricted equity securities

   269   133   663   354 

Federal funds sold and other

   280   53   667   175 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total interest income

   33,780   25,724   97,332   72,571 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Interest expense

     

Deposits

   7,311   3,683   19,118   10,118 

Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements

   92   69   309   237 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

   968   215   2,228   511 

Subordinated notes and other borrowings

   1,083   1,082   3,239   1,820 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total interest expense

   9,454   5,049   24,894   12,686 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net interest income

   24,326   20,675   72,438   59,885 

Provision for loan losses

   590   1,392   3,018   4,095 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net interest income after provision for loan losses

   23,736   19,283   69,420   55,790 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Noninterest income

     

Service charges on deposit accounts

   39   44   114   139 

Other service charges and fees

   787   845   2,297   2,245 

Net gains on sale of loans

   1,517   2,942   5,918   6,859 

Wealth management

   643   446   1,884   1,343 

Loan servicing fees, net

   70   (40  230   (2

Gain on sale or call of securities

   350   430   470   1,535 

Net (loss) gain on sale of foreclosed assets

   (16  30   (10  36 

Other

   179   179   554   432 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total noninterest income

   3,569   4,876   11,457   12,587 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Noninterest expense

     

Salaries and employee benefits

   9,011   7,979   26,172   22,099 

Occupancy and equipment

   2,399   2,001   6,689   5,563 

FDIC assessment expense

   900   570   2,675   1,388 

Marketing

   192   206   744   611 

Professional fees

   821   935   2,558   3,006 

Amortization of core deposit intangible

   115   138   363   431 

Other

   1,840   1,879   5,636   5,354 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total noninterest expense

   15,278   13,708   44,837   38,542 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income before income tax expense

   12,027   10,451   36,040   29,925 

Income tax expense

   3,138   3,314   10,343   9,047 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income

   8,889   7,137   25,697   20,878 

Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest

   —     —     (8  —   

Dividends paid on Series A preferred stock

   —     —     —     (23
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income available to common shareholders

  $8,889  $7,137  $25,689  $20,855 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Earnings per share:

     

Basic

  $0.67  $0.67  $1.96  $1.96 

Diluted

   0.65   0.63   1.86   1.84 

Three Months Ended
March 31,
20202019
Interest income and dividends
Loans, including fees$37,038  $38,338  
Securities:
Taxable2,424  6,394  
Tax-Exempt1,383  1,470  
Dividends on restricted equity securities162  334  
Federal funds sold and other600  987  
Total interest income41,607  47,523  
Interest expense
Deposits12,246  16,990  
Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements14  72  
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings801  1,959  
Subordinated notes1,082  1,082  
Total interest expense14,143  20,103  
Net interest income27,464  27,420  
Provision for loan losses13,022  5,055  
Net interest income after provision for loan losses14,442  22,365  
Noninterest income
Service charges on deposit accounts92  74  
Other service charges and fees897  757  
Mortgage banking revenue2,685  1,672  
Wealth management814  627  
Gain on sale or call of securities1,396  149  
Net loss on sale of loans held for investment(416) (217) 
Net gain on sale of foreclosed assets  
Other423  420  
Total noninterest income5,893  3,486  
Noninterest expense
Salaries and employee benefits12,580  14,743  
Occupancy and equipment3,086  3,113  
FDIC assessment (income) expense450  990  
Marketing245  319  
Professional fees3,068  923  
Amortization of core deposit intangible94  145  
Other2,898  2,383  
Total noninterest expense22,421  22,616  
(Loss) income before income tax expense(2,086) 3,235  
Income tax (benefit) expense(938) 334  
Net (loss) income(1,148) 2,901  
Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest—  —  
Net (loss) income available to common shareholders$(1,148) $2,901  
(Loss) earnings per share:
Basic$(0.08) $0.20  
Diluted(0.08) 0.19  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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FRANKLIN FINANCIAL NETWORK, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)

   

Three Months Ended

September 30,

  

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

 
   2017  2016  2017  2016 

Net income

  $8,889  $7,137  $25,697  $20,878 

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:

     

Unrealized gains on securities:

     

Unrealized holding gain (loss) arising during the period

   1,610   (3,664  7,641   13,910 

Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income

   (350  (430  (470  (1,535
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net unrealized gains (losses)

   1,260   (4,094  7,171   12,375 

Tax effect

   (494  1,606   (2,812  (4,854
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total other comprehensive income (loss)

   766   (2,488  4,359   7,521 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Comprehensive income

  $9,655  $4,649  $30,056  $28,399 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Three Months Ended
March 31,
20202019
Net (loss) income$(1,148) $2,901  
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Unrealized gains/losses on securities:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period1,739  13,111  
Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) on sales, calls, and prepayments of securities included in net income(1,396) (149) 
Tax effect, includes $365 and $58, respectively, income tax (benefit) expense from sales of securities(80) (4,208) 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities263  8,754  
Unrealized gain/loss on cash flow hedge:
Unrealized holding gain (loss) arising during the period(2,341) —  
Tax effect612  —  
Net unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedge(1,729) —  
Total other comprehensive (loss) income(1,466) 8,754  
Comprehensive (loss) income$(2,614) $11,655  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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FRANKLIN FINANCIAL NETWORK, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

Nine

Three Months Ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and 2016

March 31, 2019

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)

            

Accumulated

Other

        
   Preferred  Common Stock  Retained  Comprehensive  Noncontrolling   Total 
   Stock  Shares  Amount  Earnings  Income (Loss)  Interest   Equity 

Balance at December 31, 2015

  $10,000   10,571,377  $147,784  $31,352  $(320 $—     $188,816 

Exercise of common stock options, net

   —     152,003   1,357     —      1,357 

Exercise of common stock warrants

   —     6,575   79     —      79 

Redemption of Series A preferred stock

   (10,000  —     —     —     —     —      (10,000

Dividends paid on Series A preferred stock

   —     —     —     (23  —     —      (23

Stock based compensation expense, net of restricted share forfeitures

   —     34,480   1,201   —     —     —      1,201 

Stock issued (divestment) in conjunction with 401(k) employer match, net of distributions

   —     (6,952  (185  —     —     —      (185

Net income

   —     —     —     20,878   —     —      20,878 

Other comprehensive income

   —     —     —     —     7,521   —      7,521 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at September 30, 2016

  $—     10,757,483  $150,236  $52,207  $7,201   —     $209,644 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2016

  $—     13,036,954  $218,354  $59,386  $(7,482  103   $270,361 

Exercise of common stock options, net

   —     138,007   1,361   —     —     —      1,361 

Exercise of common stock warrants

   —     12,461   150   —     —     —      150 

Stock based compensation expense, net of restricted share forfeitures

   —     26,718   1,970   —     —     —      1,970 

Stock issued (divestment) in conjunction with 401(k) employer match, net of distributions

   —     (5,085  (193  —     —     —      (193

Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest

   —     —     —     (8  —     —      (8

Net income

   —     —     —     25,697   —     —      25,697 

Other comprehensive income

   —     —     —     —     4,359   —      4,359 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at September 30, 2017

  $—     13,209,055  $221,642  $85,075  $(3,123 $103   $303,697 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Shareholders’ Equity
Preferred StockCommon StockRetained EarningsAccumulated
Other
Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Noncontrolling InterestTotal Equity
SharesAmount
Balance at January 1, 2019$—  14,538,085  $264,905  $123,176  $(15,341) $93  $372,833  
Cumulative effect of accounting change
      related to adoption of ASU 2017-08
(2,244) (2,244) 
Exercise of common stock options, includes net settlement of shares—  35,046  524  —  —  —  524  
Stock based compensation expense, net of restricted share forfeitures—  —  1,329  —  —  —  1,329  
Issuance of restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures—  1,208  —  —  —  —  —  
Cash Dividends - common stock ($0.04 per share)(583) (583) 
Net income—  —  —  2,901  —  —  2,901  
Other comprehensive income—  —  —  —  8,754  —  8,754  
Balance at March 31, 2019$—  14,574,339  $266,758  $123,250  $(6,587) $93  $383,514  
Balance at January 1, 2020$—  14,821,594  $275,412  $133,102  $1,819  $93  $410,426  
Exercise of common stock options, includes net settlement of shares—  37,416  417  —  —  —  417  
Stock based compensation expense, net of restricted share forfeitures—  —  1,512  —  —  —  1,512  
Issuance of restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures, and vesting of restricted stock units—  694  —  —  —  —  —  
Cash dividends - common stock ($0.06 per share)—  —  —  (893) —  —  (893) 
Net loss—  —  —  (1,148) —  —  (1,148) 
Other comprehensive loss—  —  —  —  (1,466) —  (1,466) 
Balance at March 31, 2020$—  14,859,704  $277,341  $131,061  $353  $93  $408,848  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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FRANKLIN FINANCIAL NETWORK, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)

   

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

 
   2017  2016 

Cash flows from operating activities

   

Net income

  $25,697  $20,878 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities

   

Depreciation and amortization on premises and equipment

   1,118   986 

Accretion of purchase accounting adjustments

   (873  (488

Net amortization of securities

   7,654   5,428 

Amortization of loan servicing right asset

   721   905 

Amortization of core deposit intangible

   363   431 

Amortization of debt issuance costs

   133   79 

Provision for loan losses

   3,018   4,095 

Deferred income tax benefit

   (1,394  (1,015

Origination of loans held for sale

   (270,876  (260,598

Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale

   290,669   253,701 

Net gain on sale of loans

   (5,918  (6,859

Gain on sale of available for sale securities

   (470  (1,535

Income from bank owned life insurance

   (465  (486

Net loss/(gain) on foreclosed assets

   10   (36

Loss on sale of assets held for sale

   —     98 

Stock-based compensation

   1,970   1,201 

Compensation expense related to common stock issued to 401(k) plan

   —     404 

Deferred gain on sale of loans

   (58  (46

Net change in:

   

Accrued interest receivable and other assets

   (5,949  (1,033

Accrued interest payable and other liabilities

   1,120   2,261 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash from operating activities

   46,470   18,371 

Cash flows from investing activities

   

Securities available for sale :

   

Sales

   122,837   74,203 

Purchases

   (455,700  (223,432

Maturities, prepayments and calls

   108,339   64,502 

Securities held to maturity :

   

Purchases

   (1,996  (92,646

Maturities, prepayments and calls

   12,110   14,088 

Net change in loans

   (346,595  (349,944

Proceeds from sale of assets held for sale

   —     1,542 

Purchase of restricted equity securities

   (6,629  (3,831

Proceeds from sale of foreclosed assets

   1,330   336 

Purchases of premises and equipment, net

   (2,784  (2,142

Capitalization of foreclosed assets

   (35  —   

Increase in certificates of deposits at other financial institutions

   (1,310  (805
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash from investing activities

   (570,433  (518,129

Cash flows from financing activities

   

Increase in deposits

   433,007   403,915 

Decrease in federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements

   (50,439  (55,243

Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank advances

   370,000   305,000 

Repayment of Federal Home Loan Bank advances

   (165,000  (200,000

Proceeds from other borrowings

   —     10,000 

Repayment of other borrowings

   —     (10,000

Proceeds from issuance of subordinated notes, net of issuance costs

   —     58,213 

Proceeds from exercise of common stock warrants

   150   79 

Proceeds from exercise of common stock options

   1,361   1,357 

Divestment of common stock issued to 401(k) plan

   (193  (185

Redemption of Series A preferred stock

   —     (10,000

Dividends paid on preferred stock

   —     (23

Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest

   (8  —   
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash from financing activities

   588,878   503,113 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

   64,915   3,355 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

   90,927   52,394 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

  $155,842  $55,749 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Supplemental information:

   

Interest paid

  $24,221  $11,931 

Income taxes paid

   12,380   9,650 

Non-cash supplemental information:

   

Transfers from loans to foreclosed assets

  $2,818  $—   

Transfers from loans to loans held for sale

   2,685   —   

Three Months Ended March 31,
20202019
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income$(1,148) $2,901  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities
Depreciation and amortization on premises and equipment585  410  
Accretion of purchase accounting adjustments(108) (172) 
Net amortization of securities1,335  1,212  
Amortization of loan servicing right asset358  225  
Amortization of core deposit intangible94  145  
Amortization of debt issuance costs44  45  
Provision for loan losses13,022  5,055  
Impairment charges on loan servicing right asset225  —  
Deferred income tax benefit1,914  (2,115) 
Excess tax benefit related to stock compensation(210) (113) 
Origination of loans held for sale(186,974) (85,008) 
Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale188,952  75,791  
Net gain on sale of loans held for sale(1,892) (1,598) 
(Gain) Loss on sale of loans held for investment416  223  
Gain on sale of available for sale securities(1,396) (149) 
Income from bank owned life insurance(356) (375) 
Stock-based compensation1,512  1,329  
Deferred gain on sale of loans(4) (4) 
Deferred gain on sale of foreclosed assets(2) (4) 
Net change in:
Accrued interest receivable and other assets(361) (12,900) 
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities(4,248) 3,646  
Net cash from operating activities$11,758  (11,456) 
Cash flows from investing activities
Securities available for sale :
Sales and calls102,426  259,613  
Purchases(369) (80,360) 
Maturities and prepayments15,663  62,050  
Securities held to maturity :
Maturities, prepayments and calls—  2,448  
Net change in loans(87,662) (142,678) 
Proceeds from sale of loans held for investment23,975  —  
Purchase of restricted equity securities(42) (972) 
Purchases of premises and equipment, net(36,914) (721) 
Decrease in certificates of deposits at other financial institutions245  —  
Net cash from investing activities$17,322  $99,380  
Cash flows from financing activities
(Decrease) increase in deposits(70,113) (115,964) 
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank advances95,000  190,000  
Repayment of Federal Home Loan Bank advances(115,000) (142,000) 
Proceeds from exercise of common stock options417  524  
Dividends paid on common stock(893) (583) 
Net cash from financing activities(90,589) (68,023) 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents(61,509) 19,901  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period234,991  280,212  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$173,482  $300,113  
Supplemental information:
Interest paid$15,166  $19,762  
Income taxes paid—  1,428  
Non-cash supplemental information:
Establishment and extinguishment of lease liability and right-of use asset$(20,243) $43,723  
Transfers from securities held to maturity to securities available for sale$—  $1,206  
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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FRANKLIN FINANCIAL NETWORK, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1—BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with instructions to Form10-Q and therefore do not include all information and footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations, and cash flows in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP). All adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the periods reported have been included as required by RegulationS-X, Rule10-01. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. It is suggested that these interim consolidated financial statements and notes be read in conjunction with the financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company’s Annual Report onForm 10-K filed with the SEC on March 16, 2017.


These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Franklin Financial Network, Inc. (“FFN”), and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Franklin Synergy Bank (“Franklin Synergy” or the “Bank”) and Franklin Synergy Risk Management, Inc. (collectively, the “Company”). Franklin Synergy Investments of Tennessee, Inc., Franklin Synergy Investments of Nevada, Inc., and Franklin Synergy Preferred Capital, Inc. are direct or indirect subsidiaries of the Bank and are included in these consolidated financial statements. Significant intercompany transactions and accounts are eliminated in consolidation.


The Company provides financial services through its offices in Franklin, Brentwood, Spring Hill, Murfreesboro, Nashville, Nolensville, and Smyrna, Tennessee, as well as through its loan and deposit production location in Mt. Juliet, Tennessee. Its primary deposit products are checking, savings, and certificate of deposit accounts, and its primary lending products are commercial and residential construction, commercial, installment loans and lines secured by home equity. Substantially all loans are secured by specific items of collateral including commercial and residential real estate, business assets, and consumer assets. Commercial loans are expected to be repaid by cash flow from operations of businesses. The Company also focuses on electronic banking products such as internet banking, remote deposit capture and lockbox services.

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with guidance provided by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, the condensed financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation. Transactions between the subsidiaries have been eliminated. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2020. On January 21, 2020, the Company announced a strategic merger with FB Financial Corporation that is projected to close in the third quarter of 2020.

Risks and Uncertainties

The outbreak of COVID-19 has adversely impacted a broad range of industries in which the Company’s customers operate and could impair their ability to fulfill their financial obligations to the Company. During the first quarter of 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 to be a global pandemic indicating that almost all public commerce and related business activities must be, to varying degrees, curtailed with the goal of decreasing the rate of new infections. The spread of the outbreak has caused significant disruptions in the U.S. economy and has disrupted banking and other financial activity in the areas in which the Company operates. While there has been no material impact to the Company’s employees to date, COVID-19 could also potentially create widespread business continuity issues for the Company.

The United States Congress, the President of the United States, and the Federal Reserve have taken several actions designed to cushion the economic fallout. Most notably, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was signed into law on March 27, 2020 as a $2.2 trillion legislative relief package. The goal of the CARES Act is to limit the impact of a potentially severe economic downturn through various measures, including direct financial aid to American families and economic stimulus to significantly impacted industry sectors. The package also includes extensive emergency funding for hospitals and medical providers. In addition to the general impact of COVID-19, certain provisions of the CARES Act as well as other recent legislative and regulatory relief efforts are expected to have a material impact on the Company’s operations.

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The Company’s business is dependent upon the willingness and ability of its employees and customers to conduct banking and other financial transactions. If the global response to contain COVID-19 escalates further or is unsuccessful, the Company could experience a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. While it is not possible to know the full extent that the impact of COVID-19, and resulting measures to curtail its spread, will have on the Company’s operations, the Company is disclosing potentially material items of which it is aware in this Form 10-Q.

Financial position and results of operations

The Company’s fee income could be reduced due to the impacts of COVID-19. In keeping with guidance from regulators, the Company is actively working with COVID-19 affected customers to waive fees from a variety of sources, such as, but not limited to, insufficient funds and overdraft fees, ATM fees, account maintenance fees, etc. These reductions in fees are thought, at this time, to be temporary in conjunction with the length of the expected COVID-19 related economic crisis. At this time, the Company is unable to project the materiality of such an impact, but recognizes the breadth of the economic impact is likely to impact its fee income in future periods.

The Company’s interest income could be reduced due to the impacts of COVID-19. In keeping with guidance from regulators, the Company is actively working with COVID-19 affected borrowers to defer their payments, interest, and fees. While interest and fees will still accrue to income, through normal GAAP accounting, should eventual credit losses on these deferred payments emerge, interest income and fees accrued may need to be reversed. In such a scenario, interest income in future periods could be negatively impacted. At this time, the Company is unable to project the materiality of such an impact, but recognizes the breadth of the economic impact may affect its borrowers’ ability to repay in future periods.

Positively, the Company could see a near-term, non-recurring benefit to interest income due to the origination fees paid by the SBA related to PPP loans that are originated and funded by the Company.At this time, the Company is unable to project the materiality of such an impact.

Lending operations and accommodations to borrowers

In keeping with regulatory guidance to work with borrowers during this unprecedented situation and as outlined in the CARES Act, the Company is executing a payment deferral program for its eligible clients that are adversely affected by the pandemic. Depending on the demonstrated need of the client, the Company is deferring either the full loan payment or the principal component of the loan payment, typically for 90 days. As of April 30, 2020, the Company has executed over 420 of these deferrals on outstanding loan balances of approximately $644,000. During the period ending March 31, 2020, interagency guidance and the CARES Act rules provided clarity to accounting for modifications whereby under certain circumstances, such modifications would not be considered troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs"). As such, the aforementioned modified loans have not been classified as TDRs.

With the passage of the PPP, administered by the SBA, the Company is actively participating in assisting its customers with applications for these SBA-guaranteed loans through the program. PPP loans have a two-year term and earn interest at 1%. The Company believes that the majority of these loans will ultimately be forgiven by the SBA in accordance with the terms of the program. As of April 30, 2020, the Company has closed or approved with the SBA over 325 PPP loans representing approximately $50,000 in funding. The Company continues to work with eligible customers to originate and fund PPP loans. It is the Company’s understanding that loans funded through the PPP are fully guaranteed by the U.S. government. Should those circumstances change, the Company could be required to establish additional allowance for loan and lease losses through additional provision expense charged to earnings.

Credit

Pertaining to the Company’s March 31, 2020 financial condition and results of operations, COVID-19 had an impact on the Company’s allowance for loan and lease losses (“ALLL”) and resulting provision for loan losses are impacted by changes in economic conditions. The execution of the payment deferral program discussed previously improved our ratio of past due loans to total loans.

Reclassifications

Some items in the prior year financial statements were reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Reclassifications had no effect on prior year net income or equity.
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Recently Adopted and Effective Accounting Pronouncements
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.” The guidance removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation. Goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. All other goodwill impairment guidance remains largely unchanged. ASU 2017-04 became effective for us on January 1, 2020, and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13“Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.” This ASU eliminates, adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. Among the changes, entities will no longer be required to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, but will be required to disclose the range and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements. ASU No. 2018-13 became effective for us on January 1, 2020, and only revises disclosure requirements. It did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40) - Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract.” ASU 2018-15 clarifies certain aspects of ASU 2015-05, “Customer’s Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement,” which was issued in April 2015. Specifically, ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). ASU 2018-15 does not affect the accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract. ASU 2018-15 became effective for the Company on January 1, 2020, and it did not have a significant impact on our financial statements.
Status of New Accounting Standard for Accounting for Allowance for Credit Losses

On January 1, 2020, ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, became effective for the Company which replaces the existing incurred loss impairment methodology ("ILM") for loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment with a methodology that reflects management’s best estimate of lifetime expected credit losses and requires consideration of reasonable and supportable economic forecasts to develop a lifetime credit loss estimate. Topic 326 requires additional qualitative and quantitative disclosure to allow users to better understand the credit risk within the portfolio and the methodologies for determining the allowance for credit losses ("ACL"). The Cumulative Expected Credit Loss ("CECL") standard also simplifies the accounting model for purchased credit impaired loans. Additionally, Topic 326 requires expected credit losses on available-for-sale ("AFS") debt securities be recorded as an ACL. For certain types of debt securities, such as U.S. Treasuries and other securities with government guarantees, entities may utilize an assumption of zero credit losses.

In accordance with Section 4014 of theCARES Act, the Company deferred implementation of CECL and thus elected to continue to utilize the ILM to calculate loan loss reserves in the first quarter 2020.

The temporary deferral of CECL will remain effective until the earlier of the termination of the national emergency declaration concerning the COVID-19 pandemic or December 31, 2020, with an effective retrospective implementation date of January 1, 2020.There is increased uncertainty on the local, regional, and national economy as a result of local and state stay-at-home orders, as well as relief measures provided at a national, state, and local level.The Company has taken actions to mitigate the impact or potential prospective credit losses including permitting short-term payment deferrals to current customers, as well as actively participating in the SBA’s PPP.These conditions significantly impact management’s determination of a reasonable and supportable forecast, an essential requirement in the calculation of expected credit losses under CECL methodology.The Company believes that the deferral will provide time to better assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the expected lifetime credit losses. Management will continue to measure and monitor the estimated impacts of CECL adoption through continued parallel testing of model simulations based on our portfolio composition and current expectations of future economic conditions.

The Company’s CECL implementation efforts will remain in process in order to adequately comply with the provisions of CECL once the deferral period ceases.Management will continue to measure and monitor the estimated impacts of CECL
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adoption through continued parallel testing of model simulations based on our portfolio composition and current expectations of future economic conditions.
NOTE 2—SECURITIES

The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair value of the securities available for saleavailable-for-sale portfolio at September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and December 31, 20162019 and the corresponding amounts of gross unrealized gains and losses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income.

   Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   Fair
Value
 

September 30, 2017

        

U.S. government sponsored entities and agencies

  $20,147   $—     $(65  $20,082 

Mortgage-backed securities: residential

   729,014    1,113    (5,460   724,667 

Mortgage-backed securities: commercial

   15,675    —      (65   15,610 

State and political subdivisions

   161,223    2,197    (2,855   160,565 

U.S Treasury bills

   59,816    1    (4   59,813 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $985,875   $3,311   $(8,449  $980,737 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

   Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   Fair
Value
 

December 31, 2016

        

Mortgage-backed securities: residential

  $614,344   $949   $(8,208  $607,085 

Mortgage-backed securities: commercial

   19,439    27    (132   19,334 

State and political subdivisions

   133,280    238    (5,182   128,336 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $767,063   $1,214   $(13,522  $754,755 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The amortized cost and fair value of the

Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
March 31, 2020
Mortgage-backed securities: residential$286,307  $8,369  $(4) $294,672  
Mortgage-backed securities: commercial17,445  336  (86) 17,695  
Corporate notes4,500  108  (85) 4,523  
State and political subdivisions230,728  3,447  (7,840) 226,335  
Total$538,980  $12,260  $(8,015) $543,225  

Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
December 31, 2019
Mortgage-backed securities: residential$374,923  $1,876  $(856) $375,943  
Mortgage-backed securities: commercial17,858  56  (134) 17,780  
Corporate notes32,825  539  (3) 33,361  
State and political subdivisions222,624  2,566  (142) 225,048  
Total$648,230  $5,037  $(1,135) $652,132  
There were 0 securities held to maturity portfolioheld-to-maturity at September 30, 2017 andMarch 31, 2020 or December 31, 2016 and the corresponding amounts of gross unrecognized gains and losses were as follows:

   Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrecognized
Gains
   Gross
Unrecognized
Losses
   Fair
Value
 

September 30, 2017

        

Mortgage backed securities: residential

  $95,560   $354   $(1,502  $94,412 

State and political subdivisions

   121,752    3,957    (32   125,677 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $217,312   $4,311   $(1,534  $220,089 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

   Gross
Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrecognized
Gains
   Gross
Unrecognized
Losses
   Fair
Value
 

December 31, 2016

        

U.S. government sponsored entities and agencies

  $203   $6   $—     $209 

Mortgage backed securities: residential

   106,169    328    (2,343   104,154 

State and political subdivisions

   122,522    1,214    (207   123,529 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $228,894   $1,548   $(2,550  $227,892 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

2019.

The proceeds from sales, calls, and callsprepayments of securities available for sale securities and the associated gains and losses were as follows:

   

Three Months Ended

September 30,

   

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

 
   2017   2016   2017   2016 

Proceeds

  $61,647   $11,939   $122,837   $74,203 

Gross gains

   414    430    659    1,920 

Gross losses

   (64   —      (189   (385

Three Months Ended
March 31,
20202019
Proceeds$102,426  $259,613  
Gross gains1,424  1,801  
Gross losses(28) (1,652) 
The amortized cost and fair value of the investment securities portfolio are shown by contractual maturity. Securities not due at a single maturity date, primarily mortgage-backed securities, are shown separately.

   September 30, 2017 
   Amortized
Cost
   Fair
Value
 

Available for sale

    

One year or less

  $74,815   $74,800 

Over one year through five years

   20,147    20,082 

Over five years through ten years

   4,681    4,811 

Over ten years

   141,543    140,767 

Mortgage-backed securities: residential

   729,014    724,667 

Mortgage-backed securities: commercial

   15,675    15,610 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $985,875   $980,737 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Held to maturity

    

Over one year through five years

  $1,607   $1,665 

Over five years through ten years

   6,322    6,496 

Over ten years

   113,823    117,516 

Mortgage-backed securities: residential

   95,560    94,412 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $217,312   $220,089 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

March 31, 2020
Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
Available-for-sale
Over one year through five years$1,606  $1,642  
Over five years through ten years8,959  8,821  
Over ten years224,663  220,395  
Mortgage-backed securities: residential286,307  294,672  
Mortgage-backed securities: commercial17,445  17,695  
Total$538,980  $543,225  
12

Table of Contents
Securities pledged at September 30, 2017March 31, 2020, and December 31, 20162019 had a carrying amount of $944,463$287,371 and $808,224,$294,585, respectively, andthat were pledged to secure public deposits and repurchase agreements.

deposits.

At September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2016,2019, there were no holdings of securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. government-sponsored entities and agencies, in an amount greater than 10% of shareholders’ equity.

The following table summarizes the securities with unrealized and unrecognized losses at September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2016,2019, aggregated by major security type and length of time in a continuous unrealized loss position:

   Less Than 12 Months  12 Months or Longer  Total 
   Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
  Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
  Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
 

September 30, 2017

          

Available for sale

          

U.S. government sponsored entities and agencies

  $20,082   $(65 $—     $—    $20,082   $(65

Mortgage-backed securities: Residential

   369,300    (2,279  130,043    (3,181  499,343    (5,460

Mortgage-backed securities: Commercial

   15,610    (65  —      —     15,610    (65

State and political subdivisions

   22,134    (82  61,297    (2,773  83,431    (2,855

U.S. Treasury bills

   19,827    (4  —      —     19,827    (4
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total available for sale

  $446,953   $(2,495 $191,340   $(5,954 $638,293   $(8,449
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   Less Than 12 Months  12 Months or Longer  Total 
   Fair
Value
   Unrecognized
Losses
  Fair
Value
   Unrecognized
Losses
  Fair
Value
   Unrecognized
Losses
 

Held to maturity

          

Mortgage-backed securities: residential

  $25,405   $(335 $55,224   $(1,167 $80,629   $(1,502

State and political subdivisions

   263    (1  1,154    (31  1,417    (32
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total held to maturity

  $25,668   $(336 $56,378   $(1,198 $82,046   $(1,534
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   Less Than 12 Months  12 Months or Longer  Total 
   Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
  Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
  Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
 

December 31, 2016

          

Available for sale

          

Mortgage-backed securities: residential

  $465,416   $(7,833 $9,907   $(375 $475,323   $(8,208

Mortgage-backed securities: commercial

   15,752    (132  —      —     15,752    (132

State and political subdivisions

   100,020    (5,182  —      —     100,020    (5,182
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total available for sale

  $581,188   $(13,147 $9,907   $(375 $591,095   $(13,522
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   Less Than 12 Months  12 Months or Longer  Total 
   Fair
Value
   Unrecognized
Losses
  Fair
Value
   Unrecognized
Losses
  Fair
Value
   Unrecognized
Losses
 

Held to maturity

          

Mortgage-backed securities: residential

  $89,523   $(2,244 $3,025   $(99 $92,548   $(2,343

State and political subdivisions

   18,907    (207  —      —     18,907    (207
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total held to maturity

  $108,430   $(2,451 $3,025   $(99 $111,455   $(2,550
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 


Less Than 12 Months12 Months or LongerTotal
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
March 31, 2020
Available-for-sale
Mortgage-backed securities: residential$349  $(3) $1,246  $(1) $1,595  $(4) 
Mortgage-backed securities: commercial—  —  3,193  (86) 3,193  (86) 
Corporate notes1,915  (85) —  —  1,915  (85) 
State and political subdivisions121,212  (7,840) —  —  121,212  (7,840) 
Total available-for-sale$123,476  $(7,928) $4,439  $(87) $127,915  $(8,015) 

Less Than 12 Months12 Months or LongerTotal
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
December 31, 2019
Available-for-sale
Mortgage-backed securities: residential$49,390  $(172) $91,644  $(684) $141,034  $(856) 
Asset-backed securities4,436  (29) 7,286  (105) 11,722  (134) 
Corporate notes997  (3) —  —  997  (3) 
State and political subdivisions29,843  (142) —  —  29,843  (142) 
Total available-for-sale$84,666  $(346) $98,930  $(789) $183,596  $(1,135) 

Unrealized losses on debt securities have not been recognized into income because the issuers’ bonds are of high credit quality (rated AA or higher),quality. As of March 31, 2020, management does not intend to sell and it is more likely than not that management will not be required to sell the securities prior to their anticipated recovery, and the decline in fair value is largely due to changes in interest rates and other market conditions. The fair value is expected to recover as the bonds approach maturity.

13

Table of Contents
NOTE 3—LOANS

Loans at September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and December 31, 20162019 were as follows:

   September 30,
2017
   December 31,
2016
 

Loans that are not PCI loans

    

Construction and land development

  $514,934   $489,562 

Commercial real estate:

    

Nonfarm, nonresidential

   565,536    458,569 

Other

   33,310    38,571 

Residential real estate:

    

Closed-end1-4 family

   373,536    254,474 

Other

   158,577    150,515 

Commercial and industrial

   464,747    376,476 

Consumer and other

   3,933    3,359 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loans before net deferred loan fees

   2,114,573    1,771,526 

Deferred loan fees, net

   (1,201   (793
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total loans that are not PCI loans

   2,113,372    1,770,733 

Total PCI loans

   2,558    2,859 

Allowance for loan losses

   (19,944   (16,553
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total loans, net of allowance for loan losses

  $2,095,986   $1,757,039 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

March 31,
2020
December 31,
2019
Loans
Construction and land development$627,178  $591,541  
Commercial real estate:
Nonfarm, nonresidential955,348  944,021  
Other42,610  49,891  
Residential real estate:
Closed-end 1-4 family456,610  455,920  
Other191,976  187,681  
Commercial and industrial581,598  582,641  
Consumer and other4,454  4,769  
Loans before net deferred loan fees2,859,774  2,816,464  
Deferred loan fees, net(4,006) (4,020) 
Total loans2,855,768  2,812,444  
Allowance for loan losses(38,403) (45,436) 
Total loans, net of allowance for loan losses$2,817,365  $2,767,008  
The following table presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the three monththree-month periods ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and 2016:

   Construction
and Land
Development
  Commercial
Real
Estate
   Residential
Real
Estate
  Commercial
and
Industrial
  Consumer
and
Other
  Total 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2017

        

Allowance for loan losses:

        

Beginning balance

  $3,796  $5,011   $2,939  $6,894  $49  $18,689 

Provision for loan losses

   (507  212    169   707   9   590 

Loanscharged-off

   —     —      —     (9  (11  (20

Recoveries

   668   —      14   —     3   685 
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total ending allowance balance

  $3,957  $5,223   $3,122  $7,592  $50  $19,944 
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2016

        

Allowance for loan losses:

        

Beginning balance

  $3,624  $3,865   $2,060  $4,655  $49  $14,253 

Provision for loan losses

   427   43    451   455   16   1,392 

Loanscharged-off

   (11  —      (40  —     (19  (70

Recoveries

   —     —      13   —     2   15 
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total ending allowance balance

  $4,040  $3,908   $2,484  $5,110  $48  $15,590 
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2017 and 2016:

   Construction
and Land
Development
  Commercial
Real
Estate
   Residential
Real
Estate
  Commercial
and
Industrial
  Consumer
and
Other
  Total 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017

        

Allowance for loan losses:

        

Beginning balance

  $3,776  $4,266   $2,398  $6,068  $45  $16,553 

Provision for loan losses

   (487  957    687   1,833   28   3,018 

Loanscharged-off

   —     —      (1  (309  (36  (346

Recoveries

   668   —      38   —     13   719 
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total ending allowance balance

  $3,957  $5,223   $3,122  $7,592  $50  $19,944 
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

   Construction
and Land
Development
  Commercial
Real
Estate
   Residential
Real
Estate
  Commercial
and
Industrial
  Consumer
and
Other
  Total 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016

     

Allowance for loan losses:

        

Beginning balance

  $3,186  $3,146   $1,861  $3,358  $36  $11,587 

Provision for loan losses

   865   762    609   1,817   42   4,095 

Loanscharged-off

   (11  —      (39  (65  (35  (150

Recoveries

   —     —      53   —     5   58 
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total ending allowance balance

  $4,040  $3,908   $2,484  $5,110  $48  $15,590 
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

2019:

Construction
and Land
Development
Commercial
Real
Estate
Residential
Real
Estate
Commercial
and
Industrial
Consumer
and
Other
Total
Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance$4,847  $8,113  $4,462  $27,957  $57  $45,436  
Provision for loan losses1,570  905  312  10,222  13  13,022  
Loans charged-off—  —  (8) (20,501) (21) (20,530) 
Recoveries—  —   468   475  
Total ending allowance balance$6,417  $9,018  $4,767  $18,146  $55  $38,403  
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance$4,743  $6,725  $4,743  $7,166  $74  $23,451  
Provision for loan losses(1) 302  80  4,631  43  5,055  
Loans charged-off—  —  (15) (568) (70) (653) 
Recoveries—  —   —    
Total ending allowance balance$4,742  $7,027  $4,810  $11,229  $49  $27,857  
14

Table of Contents

The following table presents the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on impairment method as of September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2016.2019. For purposes of this disclosure, recorded investment in loans excludes accrued interest receivable and net deferred loan fees net due to immateriality.

   Construction
and Land
Development
   Commercial
Real
Estate
   Residential
Real
Estate
   Commercial
and
Industrial
   Consumer
and
Other
   Total 

September 30, 2017

            

Allowance for loan losses:

            

Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:

            

Individually evaluated for impairment

  $—     $—     $—     $1,011   $—     $1,011 

Collectively evaluated for impairment

   3,957    5,223    3,122    6,581    50    18,933 

Purchased credit-impaired loans

   —      —      —      —      —      —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total ending allowance balance

  $3,957   $5,223   $3,122   $7,592   $50   $19,944 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loans:

            

Individually evaluated for impairment

  $—     $—     $116   $3,090   $—     $3,206 

Collectively evaluated for impairment

   514,934    598,846    531,997    461,657    3,933    2,111,367 

Purchased credit-impaired loans

   —      387    182    1,989    —      2,558 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total ending loans balance

  $514,934   $599,233   $532,295   $466,736   $3,933   $2,117,131 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

December 31, 2016

            

Allowance for loan losses:

            

Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:

            

Individually evaluated for impairment

  $—     $—     $—     $1,024   $—     $1,024 

Collectively evaluated for impairment

   3,776    4,266    2,398    5,044    45    15,529 

Purchased credit-impaired loans

   —      —      —      —      —      —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total ending allowance balance

  $3,776   $4,266   $2,398   $6,068   $45   $16,553 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loans:

            

Individually evaluated for impairment

  $1,275   $2,836   $2,190   $3,608   $—     $9,909 

Collectively evaluated for impairment

   488,287    494,304    402,799    372,868    3,359    1,761,617 

Purchased credit-impaired loans

   —      394    496    1,969    —      2,859 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total ending loans balance

  $489,562   $497,534   $405,485   $378,445   $3,359   $1,774,385 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Construction
and Land
Development
Commercial
Real
Estate
Residential
Real
Estate
Commercial
and
Industrial
Consumer
and
Other
Total
March 31, 2020
Allowance for loan losses:
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment$—  $—  $—  $6,760  $—  $6,760  
Collectively evaluated for impairment6,417  9,018  4,767  11,386  55  31,643  
Total ending allowance balance$6,417  $9,018  $4,767  $18,146  $55  $38,403  
Loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment$—  $3,460  $3,255  $20,719  $—  $27,434  
Collectively evaluated for impairment627,178  994,498  645,331  560,879  4,454  2,832,340  
Total ending loans balance$627,178  $997,958  $648,586  $581,598  $4,454  $2,859,774  
December 31, 2019
Allowance for loan losses:
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment$—  $—  $17  $20,754  $—  $20,771  
Collectively evaluated for impairment4,847  8,113  4,445  7,203  57  24,665  
Total ending allowance balance$4,847  $8,113  $4,462  $27,957  $57  $45,436  
Loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment$30  $—  $2,477  $24,528  $—  $27,035  
Collectively evaluated for impairment591,511  993,912  641,124  558,113  4,769  2,789,429  
Total ending loans balance$591,541  $993,912  $643,601  $582,641  $4,769  $2,816,464  
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment reported at September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 include certain acquired loans. At September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, thesenon-PCI non-purchased credit impaired (PCI) loans had a carrying value of $57,663,$51,882, comprised of contractually unpaid principal totaling $59,227$52,588 and discounts totaling $1,564.$706. Management evaluated these loans for credit deterioration since acquisition and determined that $11 inan allowance for loan losses of $56 was necessary at September 30, 2017. AsMarch 31, 2020.
15

Table of December 31, 2016, thesenon-PCI loans had a carrying value of $72,367, comprised of contractually unpaid principal totaling $74,373 and discounts totaling $2,006. Management evaluated these loans for credit deterioration since acquisition and determined that a $23 allowance for loan losses was necessary at December 31, 2016.

Contents

The following table presents information related to impaired loans by class of loans as of September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2016:

   Unpaid
Principal
Balance
   Recorded
Investment
   Allowance for
Loan Losses
Allocated
 

September 30, 2017

      

With no allowance recorded:

      

Construction and land development

  $—     $—     $—   

Commercial real estate:

      

Nonfarm, nonresidential

   —      —      —   

Residential real estate:

      

Closed-end1-4 family

   —      —      —   

Other

   116    116    —   

Commercial and industrial

   92    92    —   

Consumer and other

   —      —      —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Subtotal

   208    208    —   

With an allowance recorded:

      

Commercial and industrial

   2,998    2,998    1,011 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Subtotal

   2,998    2,998    1,011 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $3,206   $3,206   $1,011 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

December 31, 2016

      

With no allowance recorded:

      

Construction and land development

  $1,275   $1,275   $—   

Commercial real estate:

      

Nonfarm, nonresidential

   4,423    2,836    —   

Residential real estate:

      

Closed-end1-4 family

   2,069    2,069    —   

Other

   121    121    —   

Commercial and industrial

   934    934    —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Subtotal

   8,822    7,235    —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

With an allowance recorded:

      

Commercial and industrial

   2,864    2,674    1,024 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Subtotal

   2,864    2,674    1,024 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $11,686   $9,909   $1,024 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

2019:

Unpaid
Principal
Balance
Recorded
Investment
Allowance for
Loan Losses
Allocated
March 31, 2020
With no allowance recorded:
Commercial real estate:
Nonfarm, nonresidential$3,460  $3,460  $—  
Residential real estate:
Closed-end 1-4 family950  942  —  
Other2,313  2,313  —  
Commercial and industrial13,391  13,391  —  
Subtotal20,114  20,106  —  
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial and industrial7,328  7,328  6,760  
Subtotal7,328  7,328  6,760  
Total$27,442  $27,434  $6,760  
December 31, 2019
With no allowance recorded:
Construction and land development$30  $30  $—  
Residential real estate:
Closed-end 1-4 family319  311  —  
Other1,523  1,523  —  
Commercial and industrial11  11  —  
Subtotal1,883  1,875  —  
With an allowance recorded:
Residential real estate:
Closed-end 1-4 family643  643  17  
Commercial and industrial24,517  24,517  20,754  
Subtotal25,160  25,160  20,771  
Total$27,043  $27,035  $20,771  
16

Table of Contents
The following table presents the average recorded investment of impaired loans by class of loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and 2016:

   

Three Months Ended

September 30,

   

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

 

Average Recorded Investment

  2017   2016   2017   2016 

With no allowance recorded:

        

Construction and land development

  $1,348   $—     $1,199   $340 

Commercial real estate:

        

Nonfarm, nonresidential

   812    1,427    2,394    1,307 

Residential real estate:

        

Closed-end1-4 family

   112    451    863    533 

Other

   199    837    245    768 

Commercial and industrial

   499    46    657    110 

Consumer and other

   —      —      1    10 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Subtotal

   2,970    2,761    5,359    3,068 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

With an allowance recorded:

        

Commercial and industrial

  $2,998   $490   $2,820   $247 

Residential real estate:

        

Closed-end1-4 family

   —      70    —      23 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Subtotal

   2,998    560    2,820    270 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $5,968   $3,321   $8,179   $3,338 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

2019:

Three Months Ended
March 31,
Average Recorded Investment20202019
With no allowance recorded:
Construction and land development$10  $768  
Commercial real estate:
Nonfarm, nonresidential4,584  51  
Residential real estate:
Closed-end 1-4 family1,260  806  
Other2,840  1,264  
Commercial and industrial19,162  —  
Subtotal$27,856  $2,889  
With an allowance recorded:
Construction and land development$—  $183  
Commercial real estate:
Nonfarm, nonresidential156  —  
Residential real estate:
Closed-end 1-4 family213  —  
Commercial and industrial—  3,170  
Subtotal369  3,353  
Total average recorded investment$28,225  $6,242  
The impact on net interest income for these loans was not material to the Company’s results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and 2016.

2019.

The following table presents the recorded investment in nonaccrual loans and loans past due over 90 days still on accrual by class of loans as of September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2016:

   Nonaccrual   Loans Past Due
Over 90 Days
 

September 30, 2017

    

Residential real estate:

    

Closed-end1-4 family

  $—     $262 

Other

   116    —   

Commercial and industrial

   2,466    16 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $2,582   $278 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

December 31, 2016

    

Construction and land development

  $—     $1,950 

Commercial real estate:

    

Nonfarm, nonresidential

   835    —   

Residential real estate:

    

Closed-end1-4 family

   —      452 

Other

   121    —   

Commercial and industrial

   2,674    150 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $3,630   $2,552 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

2019:

NonaccrualLoans Past Due
Over 90 Days And
Still Accruing Interest
March 31, 2020
Commercial real estate:
Nonfarm, nonresidential$3,460  $—  
Residential real estate:
Closed-end 1-4 family942  —  
Other2,313  —  
Commercial and industrial20,719  —  
Total$27,434  $—  
December 31, 2019
Construction and land development$30  $—  
Residential real estate:
Closed-end 1-4 family954  —  
Other1,523  —  
Commercial and industrial24,528  654  
Total$27,035  $654  
17

Table of Contents
Nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days still on accrual include both smaller balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment and individually classified impaired loans.

The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans as of September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and December 31, 20162019 by class of loans:

   30-59
Days
Past Due
   60-89
Days
Past Due
   Greater
Than 89
Days
Past Due
   Nonaccrual   Total
Past Due
and
Nonaccrual
   Loans
Not
Past Due
   PCI
Loans
   Total 

September 30, 2017

                

Construction and land development

  $1,370   $—     $—     $—     $1,370   $513,564   $—     $514,934 

Commercial real estate:

                

Nonfarm, nonresidential

   —      —      —      —      —      565,536    387    565,923 

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      33,310    —      33,310 

Residential real estate:

                

Closed-end1-4 family

   939    1,007    262    —      2,208    371,328    182    373,718 

Other

   150    —      —      116    266    158,311    —      158,577 

Commercial and industrial

   511    301    16    2,466    3,294    461,453    1,989    466,736 

Consumer and other

   5    —      —      —      5    3,928    —      3,933 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $2,975   $1,308   $278   $2,582   $7,143   $2,107,430   $2,558   $2,117,131 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

December 31, 2016

                

Construction and land development

  $380   $—     $1,950   $—     $2,330   $487,232   $—     $489,562 

Commercial real estate:

                

Nonfarm, nonresidential

   664    —      —      835    1,499    457,070    394    458,963 

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      38,571    —      38,571 

Residential real estate:

                

Closed-end1-4 family

   428    10    452    —      890    253,584    496    254,970 

Other

   231    —      —      121    352    150,163    —      150,515 

Commercial and industrial

   155    39    150    2,674    3,018    373,458    1,969    378,445 

Consumer and other

   —      —      —        —      3,359    —      3,359 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $1,858   $49   $2,552   $3,630   $8,089   $1,763,437   $2,859   $1,774,385 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

30-59
Days
Past Due
60-89
Days
Past Due
Greater
Than 89
Days
Past Due
Total
Past Due
Loans
Not
Past Due
Total
March 31, 2020
Construction and land development$1,753  $2,484  $—  $4,237  $622,941  $627,178  
Commercial real estate:
Nonfarm, nonresidential8,149  —  3,460  11,609  943,739  955,348  
Other—  —  —  —  42,610  42,610  
Residential real estate:
Closed-end 1-4 family4,729   —  4,731  451,879  456,610  
Other916  —  395  1,311  190,665  191,976  
Commercial and industrial3,857  619  15,311  19,787  561,811  581,598  
Consumer and other—  —  —  —  4,454  4,454  
$19,404  $3,105  $19,166  $41,675  $2,818,099  $2,859,774  
December 31, 2019
Construction and land development$508  $—  $30  $538  $591,003  $591,541  
Commercial real estate:
Nonfarm, nonresidential3,981  —  —  3,981  940,040  944,021  
Other—  —  —  —  49,891  49,891  
Residential real estate:
Closed-end 1-4 family2,688  224   2,920  453,000  455,920  
Other85  961  555  1,601  186,080  187,681  
Commercial and industrial663  7,156  735  8,554  574,087  582,641  
Consumer and other—  —  —  —  4,769  4,769  
$7,925  $8,341  $1,328  $17,594  $2,798,870  $2,816,464  
Credit Quality Indicators:The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. This analysis includesnon-homogeneous loans, such as commercial and commercial real estate loans as well asnon-homogeneous residential real estate loans. This analysis is performed on a quarterly basis. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings:

Special Mention.Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution’s credit position at some future date.

Substandard.Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

COVID-19 Supplemental information. The loan modifications and payment deferrals established in accordance with the CARES Act and Interagency Statements disclosed in Note 1 did not result in immediate credit risk modifications. The impacted credits will continue to be monitored and assessed as the sustained impact of COVID-19 becomes better understood.
Loans not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above described process are considered to be pass-rated loans. The following table excludes deferred loan fees and includes PCI loans, which are included in the “Substandard”
18

Table of Contents
“Substandard” column. Based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans by class of loans is as follows as of September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2016:

   Pass   Special
Mention
   Substandard   Total 

September 30, 2017

        

Construction and land development

  $512,912   $—     $2,022   $514,934 

Commercial real estate:

        

Nonfarm, nonresidential

   548,792    12,322    4,809    565,923 

Other

   32,927    —      383    33,310 

Residential real estate:

        

Closed-end1-4 family

   371,149    —      2,569    373,718 

Other

   156,820    —      1,757    158,577 

Commercial and industrial

   445,736    12,649    8,351    466,736 

Consumer and other

   3,928    5    —      3,933 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $2,072,264   $24,976   $19,891   $2,117,131 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
   Pass   Special
Mention
   Substandard   Total 

December 31, 2016

        

Construction and land development

  $488,287   $—     $1,275   $489,562 

Commercial real estate:

        

Nonfarm, nonresidential

   449,373    1,847    7,743    458,963 

Other

   38,571    —      —      38,571 

Residential real estate:

        

1-4 family

   251,919    —      3,051    254,970 

Other

   149,504    —      1,011    150,515 

Commercial and industrial

   373,243    —      5,202    378,445 

Consumer and other

   3,359    —      —      3,359 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $1,754,256   $1,847   $18,282   $1,774,385 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

2019:

PassSpecial
Mention
SubstandardTotal
March 31, 2020
Construction and land development$627,178  $—  $—  $627,178  
Commercial real estate:
Nonfarm, nonresidential946,120  4,012  5,216  955,348  
Other42,610  —  —  42,610  
Residential real estate:
Closed-end 1-4 family453,892  819  1,899  456,610  
Other188,830  —  3,146  191,976  
Commercial and industrial543,565  600  37,433  581,598  
Consumer and other4,454  —  4,454  
$2,806,649  $5,431  $47,694  $2,859,774  

PassSpecial
Mention
SubstandardTotal
December 31, 2019
Construction and land development$591,293  $248  $—  $591,541  
Commercial real estate:
Nonfarm, nonresidential941,260  997  1,764  944,021  
Other49,891  —  —  49,891  
Residential real estate:
Closed-end 1-4 family452,363  825  2,732  455,920  
Other185,170  —  2,511  187,681  
Commercial and industrial539,442  943  42,256  582,641  
Consumer and other4,769  —  —  4,769  
$2,764,188  $3,013  $49,263  $2,816,464  
Troubled Debt Restructurings

As of both September 30, 2017 and DecemberMarch 31, 2016,2020, the Company’s loan portfolio contains one2 loans that have been modified in troubled debt restructurings with a balance of $6,903. As of December 31, 2019, the Company’s loan portfolio contained 1 loan that hashad been modified in a troubled debt restructuring with a balance of $608$311. The above disclosed troubled debt restructurings were not related to COVID-19 modifications.
As of April 30, 2020, the Company has executed over 420 of these deferrals on outstanding loan balances of approximately $644,000 in connection with the COVID-19 relief provided by the CARES Act. Interagency guidance and $698, respectively.

the CARES Act provided clarity to accounting for modifications whereby under certain circumstances, such modifications would not be considered troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs"). As such, the aforementioned modified loans have not been classified as TDRs.

NOTE 4—LOAN SERVICING

Loans serviced for others are not reported as assets. The principal balances of these loans at September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and December 31, 20162019 are as follows:

   September 30,
2017
   December 31,
2016
 

Loan portfolios serviced for:

    

Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation

  $506,345   $499,385 

Other

   4,662    2,954 

March 31,
2020
December 31,
2019
Loan portfolios serviced for:
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation$498,705  $488,790  
Federal National Mortgage Association17,146  10,221  
Other3,455  3,504  
19

Table of Contents
The related loan servicing rights activity for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
20202019
Servicing rights:
Beginning of period$3,246  $3,403  
Additions394  188  
Amortized to expense(358) (225) 
Change in impairment(225) —  
End of period$3,057  $3,366  
The components of net loan servicing fees for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and 20162019 were as follows:

   Three Months Ended
September 30,
   Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
   2017   2016   2017   2016 

Loan servicing fees, net:

        

Loan servicing fees

  $312   $309   $951   $903 

Amortization of loan servicing fees

   (242   (349   (721   (905

Change in impairment

   —      —      —      —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $70   $(40  $230   $(2
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Three Months Ended
March 31,
20202019
Loan servicing fees, net:
Loan servicing fees$322  $306  
Amortization of loan servicing fees(358) (225) 
Change in impairment(225) —  
Total$(261) $81  
The fair value of servicing rights was estimated by management to be approximately $4,916$3,057 at September 30, 2017.March 31, 2020. Fair value for September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 was determined using a weighted average discount rate of 10.5%9.5% and a weighted average prepayment speed of 10.2%22.3%. At December 31, 2016,2019, the fair value of servicing rights was estimated by management to be approximately $5,015.$3,922. Fair value for December 31, 20162019 was determined using a weighted average discount rate of 10.5%9.5% and a weighted average prepayment speed of 9.9%16.8%.

NOTE 5—SECURITIES SOLD UNDER AGREEMENT TO REPURCHASE

Our subsidiary bank enters into borrowing arrangements with our retail business customers and correspondent banks through agreements to repurchase (“securities sold under agreements to repurchase”) underLEASES

Lessee Accounting
Substantially all of the leases in which the bank pledges investment securities ownedCompany is the lessee are comprised of real estate property for branches and under its controloffice space with terms extending through 2034. The Company has one existing finance lease for additional office space with a lease term through 2033. On February 5, 2020, the Company purchased the properties at Columbia Avenue and 120 9th Avenue in Franklin, Tennessee, therefore ending these lease agreements that represented approximately $19,000 and $20,000 in right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, respectively.
The following table represents lease assets and lease liabilities as collateral against these short-term borrowing arrangements. At maturity the securities underlying the agreements are returned to the Company. At September 30, 2017of March 31, 2020, and December 31, 2016, these short-term borrowings totaled $32,862 and $36,496, respectively, and were secured by securities with carrying amounts2019.
Lease right-of-use assetsClassificationMarch 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Operating lease right-of-use assetsOther Assets$19,579  39,594  
Finance lease right-of-use assetsOther Assets2,768  2,819  
Total lease right-of-use assets$22,347  42,413  
Lease liabilitiesClassificationMarch 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Operating lease right-of-use assetsOther Liabilities$20,509  41,308  
Finance lease right-of-use assetsOther Liabilities2,913  2,942  
Total lease liabilities$23,422  44,250  

20

Table of $41,279 and $41,136, respectively. At September 30, 2017, all of the Company’s repurchase agreements hadone-day maturities.

The following table provides additional details as of September 30, 2017:

As of September 30, 2017

  Mortgage-
Backed
Securities:
Residential
  State and
Political
Subdivisions
  Total 

Market value of securities pledged

  $651  $41,921  $42,572 

Borrowings related to pledged amounts

  $—    $32,862  $32,862 

Market value pledged as a % of borrowings

   —    128  130

The following table provides additional details as of December 31, 2016:

As of December 31, 2016

  U.S.
Government
Sponsored
Entities and
Agencies
Securities
  Mortgage-
Backed
Securities:
Residential
  State and
Political
Subdivisions
  Total 

Market value of securities pledged

  $209  $117  $41,330  $41,656 

Borrowings related to pledged amounts

  $—    $—    $36,496  $36,496 

Market value pledged as a % of borrowings

   —    —    113  114

Contents

NOTE 6—SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS

In connection with the Company’s 2010 private offering, 32,425 warrants were issued to shareholders, one warrant for every twenty shares of common stock purchased. Each warrant allowed the shareholders to purchase an additional share of common stock at $12.00 per share. The warrants were issued with an effective date of March 30, 2010 and were exercisable in whole or in part up to seven years following the date of issuance, and they expired on March 30, 2017. The warrants were detachable from the common stock. There were 12,461 and 6,575 warrants exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. A summary of the stock warrant activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 follows:

   September 30,
2017
   September 30,
2016
 

Stock warrants exercised:

    

Intrinsic value of warrants exercised

  $329   $136 

Cash received from warrants exercised

   150    79 

The warrants expired on March 30, 2017; therefore at September 30, 2017, there were no outstanding warrants associated with the 2010 offering.

The Company has two2 share based compensation plans as described below. Total compensation cost that has been charged against income for those plans was $735 and $406 and $1,970 and $1,201$1,512, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and 2016, respectively.$1,329 for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The total income tax benefit, which is shown on the Consolidated Statements of Income as a reduction of income tax expense, was $261 and $711$210 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. The total income tax benefitMarch 31, 2020 and was $113 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 was $107 and $616,March 31, 2019, respectively.

Stock Options: The Company’s 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2007 Plan”), as amended and shareholder-approved, providesprovided for authorized shares up to 4,000,000. At September 30, 2017, there were 1,960,041 authorized shares available for issuance under the 2007 Plan, although the Company has ceased issuing awards under the 2007 Plan.

The 2007 Plan providesprovided that no options intended to be ISOs may be granted after April 9, 2017. As a result, the Company’s board of directors approved, and recommended to its shareholders for approval, a newan equity incentive plan, the 2017 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan. ThePlan which the Company’s shareholders approved the 2017 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan at the 2017 annual meeting of shareholders. On April 12, 2018, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the Amended and Restated 2017 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “Amended and Restated 2017 Plan”) to make certain changes in response to feedback received from the Company's shareholders. The terms of the Amended and Restated 2017 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan are substantially similar to the terms of the 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan it was intended to replace. The Amended and Restated 2017 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan provides for authorized shares up to 5,000,000.3,500,000. At September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, there were 4,762,7502,410,364 authorized shares available for issuance under the Amended and Restated 2017 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan.

Employee, organizer and director stock option awards are generally granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant; those option awards have a 10 year contractual term with varying vesting period of three to five years and have aten-year contractual term.requirements. The Company assigns discretion to its Board of DirectorsCompensation Committee to make grants either as qualified incentive stock options or asnon-qualified stock options. All employee grants are intended to be treated as qualified incentive stock options, if allowable. All other grants are expected to be treated asnon-qualified.

The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using a closed form option valuation (Black-Scholes) model that uses the assumptions noted in the table below. Expected stock price volatility is based on historical volatilities of a peer group.the Company. The Company uses historical data to estimate option exercise and post-vesting termination behavior.

The expected term of options granted represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding, which takes into account that the options are not transferable. The risk-free interest rate for the expected term of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant.

There were 0 options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2020. The fair value of options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2019, was determined using the following weighted-average assumptions as of grant date.

   September 30,
2017
  September 30,
2016
 

Risk-free interest rate

   2.16  1.60

Expected term

   6.8 years   7.5 years 

Expected stock price volatility

   32.32  30.09

Dividend yield

   0.03  0.24


March 31, 2019
Risk-free interest rate2.31 %
Expected term7 years
Expected stock price volatility30.44 %
Dividend yield0.50 %
The weighted average fair value of options granted for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 were $14.51 and $9.78, respectively.

March 31, 2019 was $10.01.

A summary of the activity in the plans for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 follows:

   Shares   Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
   Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
   Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 

Outstanding at beginning of year

   1,395,016   $16.70    6.39   $35,090 

Granted

   267,195    38.04     

Exercised

   (146,944   11.73     

Forfeited, expired, or cancelled

   (3,113   25.37     
  

 

 

       

Outstanding at period end

   1,512,154   $20.93    6.65   $22,256 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Vested or expected to vest

   1,436,546   $20.93    6.65   $21,143 

Exercisable at period end

   787,451   $13.43    4.96   $17,498 

   For the nine months
ended September 30,
 
   2017   2016 

Stock options exercised:

    

Intrinsic value of options exercised

  $4,141   $3,463 

Cash received from options exercised

   1,361    1,357 

Tax benefit realized from option exercises

   406    522 

Shares
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Outstanding at January 1, 20201,502,070  $22.39  
Granted—  —  
Exercised(37,416) 11.19  
Forfeited, expired, or cancelled(6,274) 25.24  
Outstanding at period end1,458,380  $26.24  6.30$2,921  
Vested or expected to vest1,385,461  $26.24  5.77$2,775  
Exercisable at period end335,225  $11.68  5.77$2,921  
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For the Three Months Ended
March 31,
20202019
Stock options exercised:
Intrinsic value of options exercised$943  $623  
Cash received from options exercised417  524  
Tax benefit realized from option exercises210  113  
As of September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, there was $6,054$2,768 of total unrecognized compensation cost related tonon-vested stock options granted under the plans. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.81.36 years.

Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units: Additionally, the 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan and the Amended and Restated 2017 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan each provides for the granting of restricted share awards and other performance related incentives. When the restricted shares are awarded, a participant receives voting and dividend rights with respect to the shares, but is not able to transfer the shares until the restrictions have lapsed. In April 2019, the Company began awarding restricted stock units which participants do not have voting rights or dividend rights until the restrictions have lapsed. These awards typically have a vesting period of three to five years and vest in equal annual installments on the anniversary date of the grant.

A summary of activity fornon-vested restricted share awards for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 is as follows:

Non-vested Shares

  Shares   Weighted-
Average
Grant-
Date
Fair Value
 

Non-vested at December 31, 2016

   106,458   $19.81 

Granted

   27,282    37.35 

Vested

   (36,767   18.22 

Forfeited

   (564   28.66 
  

 

 

   

Non-vested at September 30, 2017

   96,409   $25.32 
  

 

 

   

Non-vested SharesSharesWeighted-
Average
Grant-
Date
Fair Value
Non-vested at January 1, 202090,992  $32.54  
Granted—  —  
Vested(468) 28.52  
Forfeited(122) 31.18  
Non-vested at March 31, 202090,402  
Compensation expense associated with the restricted share awards is recognized on a straight-line basis over the time period that the restrictions associated with the awards lapse based on the total cost of the award at the grant date. As of September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, there was $2,080$595 of total unrecognized compensation cost related tonon-vested shares granted under the 2007 Plan and Amended and Restated 2017 Plan. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.61.13 years.
The total fair value of shares vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 was $1,457 and $974, respectively.

The total income tax benefit realized from the vesting ofCompany began granting restricted stock was $215 and $4 and $305 and $170units in 2019. The following table outlines restricted stock units that were outstanding, grouped by similar vesting criteria, as of March 31, 2020:

Grant yearUnits AwardedService period in yearsPeriod in which units to be settled into shares of common stock
20192,870  5.02024
2019152,048  3.02022
2020120,824  3.02023
Stock compensation expense related with the restricted stock units for the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2020 was $678. There was 0 expense related to restricted stock units in 2019. This stock compensation is recognized on a straight-line basis over the time period that the restrictions associated with the awards lapse based on the total cost of the award at the grant date. As of March 31, 2020, there was $7,943 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock units granted under the Amended and Restated 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Plan. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.25 years.

NOTE 7—REGULATORY CAPITAL MATTERS

Banks and bank holding companies are subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Capital adequacy guidelines and, additionally for banks, prompt corrective action regulations, involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certainoff-balance-sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and
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classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators. Failure to meet capital requirements can initiate regulatory action.
The final rules implementing Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s capital guidelines for U.S. Banks (Basel III rules) became effective for the Company on January 1, 2016 with full compliance with all of the requirements being phased in over a multi-year schedule, and fully phased in by January 1, 2019.

The Basel III rules additionally provide for countercyclicalcounter cyclical capital requirements so that the required amount of capital increases in times of economic expansion and decreases in times of economic contraction, consistent with safety and soundness. Under the Basel III rules, banks must maintain a capital conservation buffer consisting of additional Common Equity Tier 1 Capital equal to2.5% of risk-weighted assets above each of the required minimum capital levels in order to avoid limitations on paying dividends, engaging in share repurchases, and paying certain discretionary bonuses. This new capital conservation buffer requirement was phased in beginning became fully effective for the Company as ofJanuary 2016 at 0.625% of risk-weighted assets and will increase each year until fully implemented at 2.5% in January1, 2019. The capital conservation buffer in effect for 2017 is 1.25%.

Prompt corrective action regulations provide five classifications: well capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized, and critically undercapitalized, although these terms are not used to represent overall financial condition. If adequately capitalized, regulatory approval is required to accept brokered deposits. If undercapitalized, capital distributions are limited, as is asset growth and expansion, and capital restoration plans are required. At September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, the most recent regulatory notifications categorized the Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. Management believes that, as of September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, the Company and Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the institution’s category.

Actual

In October 2019, the federal bank regulatory agencies, or the Agencies, issued a final rule, the Community Bank Leverage Ratio Framework, the “Framework,” to simplify capital calculations for community banks. The Framework provides for a simple measure of capital adequacy for certain community banking organizations and requiredis consistent with Section 201 of the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act. The Framework is optional and is designed to reduce burden by removing requirements for calculating and reporting risk-based capital amountsratios. Depository institutions and ratiosdepository institution holding companies that have less than $10 billion in total consolidated assets and meet other qualifying criteria, including a leverage ratio of greater than 9%, are presentedconsidered qualifying community banking organizations and are eligible to opt into the Framework. The final rule became effective January 1, 2020, and organizations that opt into the Framework and meet the criteria established by the rule can use the Framework for regulatory reports for the quarter ended March 31, 2020. In April 2020, the Agencies announced two interim final rules to provide relief associated with Section 4012 of the CARES Act. For institutions that elect the Framework, the interim rules temporarily lower the leverage ratio requirement to 8% for the second quarter of 2020 through the end of calendar year 2020 and to 8.5% for the 2021 calendar year. An institution will have until January 1, 2022 before the 9% leverage ratio requirement is re-established. The Company and the Bank have elected to opt into the Framework and will file their regulatory capital reports in accordance with the Framework’s guidance.
For comparative purposes, the Company has included in the table below as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016estimated regulatory capital ratios for the Company and Bank:

   Actual  Required
For Capital
Adequacy Purposes
  To Be Well
Capitalized Under
Prompt Corrective
Action Regulations
 
   Amount   Ratio  Amount   Ratio  Amount   Ratio 

September 30, 2017

          

Company common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets

  $293,004    11.58 $113,908    4.50  N/A    N/A 

Company Total Capital to risk weighted assets

  $371,510    14.68 $202,502    8.00  N/A    N/A 

Company Tier 1 (Core) Capital to risk weighted assets

  $293,004    11.58 $151,877    6.00  N/A    N/A 

Company Tier 1 (Core) Capital to average assets

  $293,004    8.58 $136,609    4.00  N/A    N/A 

Bank common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets

  $347,043    13.71 $113,901   ��4.50 $164,523    6.50

Bank Total Capital to risk weighted assets

  $367,079    14.50 $202,490    8.00 $253,112    10.00

Bank Tier 1 (Core) Capital to risk weighted assets

  $347,043    13.71 $151,867    6.00 $202,490    8.00

Bank Tier 1 (Core) Capital to average assets

  $347,043    10.17 $136,511    4.00 $170,639    5.00

December 31, 2016

          

Company common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets

  $263,693    11.75 $101,022    4.50  N/A    N/A 

Company Total Capital to risk weighted assets

  $338,675    15.09 $179,595    8.00  N/A    N/A 

Company Tier 1 (Core) Capital to risk weighted assets

  $263,693    11.75 $134,696    6.00  N/A    N/A 

Company Tier 1 (Core) Capital to average assets

  $263,693    9.28 $113,697    4.00  N/A    N/A 

Bank common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets

  $319,005    14.18 $101,216    4.50 $146,201    6.50

Bank Total Capital to risk weighted assets

  $335,650    14.92 $179,939    8.00 $224,924    10.00

Bank Tier 1 (Core) Capital to risk weighted assets

  $319,005    14.18 $134,954    6.00 $179,939    8.00

Bank Tier 1 (Core) Capital to average assets

  $319,005    11.22 $113,697    4.00 $142,122    5.00

for the Bank as of March 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019, based on the Basel III Capital Rules discussed above.

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ActualRequired
For Capital
Adequacy Purposes
To Be Well
Capitalized Under
Prompt Corrective
Action Regulations
AmountRatioAmountRatioAmountRatio
March 31, 2020
Company-Level
Company common equity Tier 1 capital to RWA$388,222  12.0 %$146,134  4.5 %N/AN/A
Company Total Capital to RWA$485,625  15.0 %$259,793  8.0 %N/AN/A
Company Tier 1 (Core) Capital to RWA$388,222  12.0 %$194,845  6.0 %N/AN/A
Company Tier 1 (Core) Capital to average assets$388,222  10.1 %$154,131  4.0 %N/AN/A
Bank-Level
Bank common equity Tier 1 capital to RWA$442,454  13.6 %$146,039  4.5 %$210,946  6.5 %
Bank Total Capital to RWA$480,940  14.8 %$259,626  8.0 %$324,532  10.0 %
Bank Tier 1 (Core) Capital to RWA$442,454  13.6 %$194,719  6.0 %$259,626  8.0 %
Bank Tier 1 (Core) Capital to average assets$442,454  11.5 %$153,905  4.0 %$192,381  5.0 %
December 31, 2019
Company-Level
Company common equity Tier 1 capital to RWA$388,199  11.9 %$146,711  4.5 %N/AN/A
Company Total Capital to RWA$487,966  15.0 %$260,819  8.0 %N/AN/A
Company Tier 1 (Core) Capital to RWA$388,199  11.9 %$195,614  6.0 %N/AN/A
Company Tier 1 (Core) Capital to average assets$388,199  10.3 %$151,456  4.0 %N/AN/A
Bank-Level
Bank common equity Tier 1 capital to RWA$441,348  13.6 %$146,491  4.5 %$211,599  6.5 %
Bank Total Capital to RWA$482,183  14.8 %$260,429  8.0 %$325,536  10.0 %
Bank Tier 1 (Core) Capital to RWA$441,348  13.6 %$195,322  6.0 %$260,429  8.0 %
Bank Tier 1 (Core) Capital to average assets$441,348  11.7 %$151,255  4.0 %$189,069  5.0 %
Note: Minimum ratios presented exclude the capital conservation buffer

Dividend Restrictions: The Company’s principal source of funds for dividend payments is dividends received from the Bank. Banking regulations limit the amount of dividends that may be paid without prior approval of regulatory agencies. Under these regulations, the amount of dividends that may be paid in any calendar year is limited to the current year’s net profits, combined with the retained net profits of the preceding two years, subject to the capital requirements described above. Neither
NOTE 8—DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
Financial derivatives are reported at fair value in other assets or other liabilities. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship. For derivatives not designated as hedges, the gain or loss is recognized in current earnings.
Derivatives designated as fair value hedges
For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged asset or liability attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings. The gain or loss on the derivative instrument is presented on the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. The Company utilizes interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges to mitigate the effect of changing interest rates on the fair values of fixed rate callable securities available-for-sale. The hedging strategy on securities converts the fixed interest rates to LIBOR-based variable interest rates. These derivatives are designated as partial term hedges of selected cash flows covering specified periods of time prior to the call dates of the hedged securities.
During 2019, the Company norentered into 16 swap transactions with a notional amount of $101,205 designated as fair value hedges. These derivatives are intended to protect against the Bankeffects of changing interest rates on the fair values of fixed rate securities.
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A summary of the Company's fair value hedge relationships as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows (in thousands):
March 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Balance Sheet LocationWeighted Average Remaining Maturity (In Years)Weighted Average Pay RateReceive RateNotional AmountEstimated Fair ValueNotional AmountEstimated Fair Value
Liability derivative
Interest rate swap agreements - securitiesOther liabilities6.552.527%3 month LIBOR$101,205  $13,362  $101,205  $4,954  
The effects of fair value hedge relationships reported in interest income on securities on the consolidated statements of income for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31,
Gain (loss) on fair value hedging relationship20202019
Interest rate swap agreements - securities:
Hedged items$13,362  $1,118  
Derivative designated as hedging instruments(13,362) (1,118) 
The following amounts were recorded on the balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges at March 31, 2020:
Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets (in thousands)Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets
Line item on the balance sheetMarch 31, 2020December 31, 2019March 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Securities available-for-sale$101,205$101,205$13,362$4,954
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges
For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge, the aggregate fair value of the derivative instrument is recorded in other assets or other liabilities with any gain or loss related to changes in fair value recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax. The gain or loss is reclassified into earnings in the same period during which the hedged asset or liability affects earnings and is presented in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged asset or liability. The Company uses cash flow hedge relationships in an effort to manage future interest rate exposure. The hedging strategy converts the LIBOR-based variable interest rate on forecasted borrowings to a fixed interest rate and is used in an effort to protect the Company from floating interest rate variability. A summary of the Company's cash flow hedge relationships as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows (in thousands):
March 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Balance Sheet LocationWeighted Average Remaining Maturity (In Years)Weighted Average Pay RateReceive RateNotional AmountEstimated Fair ValueNotional AmountEstimated Fair Value
Liability derivatives
Interest rate swap agreementsOther liabilities2.12.232%1 month LIBOR100,000  $3,933  $100,000  $1,592  
The effects of the Company's cash flow hedge relationships on the statement of comprehensive income (loss) during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Three Months Ended March 31,
20202019
Liability derivatives
Interest rate swap agreements$(1,729) $—  
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The cash flow hedges were determined to be highly effective during the periods presented and as a result qualify for hedge accounting treatment. The Company expects the hedges to continue to be highly effective and qualify for hedge accounting during the remaining terms of the swaps.
NOTE 9—COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
We enter into certain off-balance sheet arrangements in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of our customers. Those agreements involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the balance sheet. These off-balance sheet arrangements include commitments to make loans, credit lines and standby letters of credit which would impact our liquidity and capital resources to the extent customers accept or use these commitments. A commitment to extend credit is a formal agreement to lend funds to a client as long as there is no violation of any condition established under the agreement. The actual borrowing needs of our customers under these credit commitments have historically been lower than the contractual amount of the commitments. A significant portion of these commitments expire without being drawn upon. Actual borrowing needs of our customers may currently pay dividendsexceed our expected funding requirements, especially during a challenging economic environment when our client companies may be more dependent on our credit commitments due to the lack of available credit elsewhere, the increasing costs of credit, or the limited availability of financings from other sources. Any failure to meet our unfunded credit commitments in accordance with the actual borrowing needs of our customers may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or reputation.
Commitments to make loans, credit lines and standby letters of credit involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the balance sheet. Off-balance-sheet risk to credit loss exists up to the face amount of these instruments, although material losses are not anticipated. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet financial instruments.
The contractual amounts of financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk were as follows:
March 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Fixed
Rate
Variable
Rate
TotalFixed
Rate
Variable
Rate
Total
Unused lines of credit$88,571  $649,618  $738,189  $89,040  $701,326  $790,366  
Standby letters of credit7,098  46,165  53,263  7,119  48,750  55,869  
Mortgage loan commitments156,421  —  156,421  48,999  —  48,999  

Commitments to make loans are generally made for periods of over 365 days. At March 31, 2020, our loan commitments have interest rates ranging from 0.00% to 12.00% and maturity terms ranging from less than 1 year to 25 years.

Of the $738,189 of unused lines of credit at March 31, 2020, the Company estimates approximately $273,300, or approximately 37%, are available to be drawn by customers without prior writtenfurther approval from its primary regulatory agencies.

by the Bank.

NOTE 8—10—FAIR VALUE

Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, including financial assets and liabilities for which the Company has elected the fair value option, are summarized below:
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Fair Value Measurements at March 31,
2020 Using:
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Financial Assets
Securities available-for-sale
Mortgage-backed securities-residential— 294,672 — 
Mortgage-backed securities-commercial— 17,695 — 
Corporate notes— 4,523 — 
State and political subdivisions— 226,335 — 
Total securities available-for-sale$— $543,225 $— 
Loans held for sale$— $42,682 $— 
Derivative assets$— $1,166 $— 
Financial Liabilities
Derivative liabilities$— $18,905 $— 

Fair Value Measurements at December 31,
2019 Using:
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Financial Assets
Securities available-for-sale
Mortgage-backed securities-residential— 375,943 — 
Asset-backed securities— 17,780 — 
Corporate notes— 33,361 — 
State and political subdivisions— 225,048��— 
Total securities available for sale$— $652,132 $— 
Loans held-for-sale$— $43,162 $— 
Derivative assets$— $225 $— 
Financial Liabilities
Derivative liabilities$— $6,619 $— 

The Company used the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate the fair value of financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Securities: The fair values for investment securities are determined by quoted market prices, if available (Level 1). For securities where quoted prices are not available, fair values are calculated based on market prices of similar securities (Level 2), using matrix pricing. Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique commonly used to price debt securities that are not actively traded, values debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities (Level 2 inputs). For securities where quoted prices or market prices of similar securities
Derivative assets: Included in other assets are not available,certain assets carried at fair values are calculated using discounted cash flows or other market indicators (Level 3).

Derivatives: The fair values of derivatives are based on valuation models using observable market data as ofvalue and interest rate locks associated with the measurement date (Level 2).

Impaired Loans:mortgage loan pipeline. The fair value of the mortgage loan pipeline rate locks is based upon the projected sales price of the underlying loans, taking into account market interest rates and other market factors at the measurement date, net of the projected fallout rate. These assets are valued using similar observable data that occurs in the market (Level 2).

Loans Held For Sale: These loans are typically sold to an investor following loan origination and the fair value of such accounts are readily available based on direct quotes from investors or similar transactions experienced in the secondary loan market. Fair value adjustments, as well as realized gains and losses are recorded in current earnings. Fair value is determined by market prices or similar transactions adjusted for specific attributes of that loan (Level 2).
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Derivative liabilities: The Company has certain liabilities carried at fair value including certain interest rate swap agreements to facilitate customer transactions, and the cash flow hedge and interest rate locks associated with the funding for its mortgage loan originations. The fair value of these liabilities is based on pricing models that utilize observable market inputs (Level 2).
There were no transfers between levels for the three months ended March 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019.
The following table presents assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. There were no liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of March 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019.

Total carrying value in the
consolidated balance sheet
Quoted market prices in
an active market
(Level 1)
Models with significant
observable market parameters
(Level 2)
Models with significant
unobservable market parameters
(Level 3)
Total losses for the period ended
March 31, 2020
Impaired loans, net: (1)
Commercial and industrial$570  $—  $—  $570  $—  
Servicing rights, net3,057  —  —  3,057  225  
Total$3,627  $—  $—  $3,627  $225  
December 31, 2019
Impaired loans, net: (1)
Residential real estate:
Closed-end 1-4 family$626  $—  $—  $626  $—  
Commercial and industrial3,763  —  3,650  113  —  
Total$4,389  $—  $3,650  $739  $—  
(1) Amount is net of a valuation allowance of $6,760 and $20,771 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, as required by ASC 310-10, "Receivables."
As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the only Level 3 assets with material unobservable inputs are associated with impaired loans with specific allocationsand servicing rights. The table above includes those loans and servicing rights that are impaired and have a carrying balance as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
Impaired Loans: A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due pursuant to the contractual terms of the allowance for loan lossesagreement. Impairment is generallymeasured by estimating the fair value of the loan based on recentthe present value of expected cash flows, the market price of the loan, or the underlying fair value of the loan's collateral. For real estate appraisals. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are usually significant and typically result in a Level 3 classificationloans, fair value of the impaired loan's collateral is determined by third party appraisals, which are then adjusted for the estimated selling and closing costs related to liquidation of the collateral. For this asset class, the actual valuation methods (income, sales comparable, or cost) vary based on the status of the project or property. The unobservable inputs may vary depending on the individual assets with no one of the three methods being the predominant approach. The Company reviews the third party appraisal for determiningappropriateness and adjusts the value downward to consider selling and closing costs, which typically is 10% of the appraised value. For non-real estate collateral loans, the unobservable inputs will vary depending on the credit. The fair value.Non-real estatevalue of the impaired loan's collateral may be valueddetermined using ana third party appraisal, net booktransactional values, discounted cash flows ("DCF"), sales comparisons, asset value, per the borrower’s financial statements, or aging reports, adjusted or discounteddiscounted. As of March 31, 2020, the fair value of the non-real estate collateral loans was determined primarily based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of the valuation, and management’s expertise and knowledge of the client and client’s business,DCF method, resulting in a Level 3 fair value classification. Impaired loans are evaluated on a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly. Appraisals for impaired loans are generally obtained annually but may be obtained more frequently
Mortgage Servicing Rights: Fair value of mortgage servicing rights is based on changing circumstances as partvaluation models that calculate the present value of the aforementioned quarterly evaluation.

estimated net cash flows based on industry market data. The valuation model incorporates assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net cash flows resulting in a Level 3 classification.

Foreclosed Assets: Assets acquired through or instead of loan foreclosure are initially recorded at fair value less costs to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. These assets are subsequently accounted for at lower of cost or fair value less
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estimated costs to sell. Fair value is commonly based on recent real estate appraisals which are updated no less frequently than annually. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are usually significant and typically result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Foreclosed assets are evaluated on a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly.

Appraisals for both collateral-dependent impaired loans and real estate owned are performed by certified general appraisers (for commercial properties) or certified residential appraisers (for residential properties) whose qualifications and licenses have been reviewed and verified by the Company. Once received, a member of the credit administration department reviews the assumptions and approaches utilized in the appraisal as well as the overall resulting fair value in comparison with independent data sources such as recent market data or industry-wide statistics. On an annual basis, the Company compares the actual selling price of collateral that has been sold to the most recent appraised value to determine what additional adjustment should be made to the appraisal value to arrive at fair value.

Loans Held For Sale:

The Company has elected themeasures certain assets at fair value option foron a non-recurring basis including impaired loans (excluding PCI loans), loans held for sale, to align with other accounting policies related to mortgage banking, such as mortgage banking derivatives.and OREO (i.e. real estate acquired through foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure). These fair value adjustments result from impairments recognized during the period, application of the lower of cost or fair value on loans are typically sold to an investor following loan originationheld for sale, and the application of fair value of such accounts are readily available basedless cost to sell on direct quotes from investors or similar transactions experienced in the secondary loan market. Fair value adjustments, as well as realized gainsOREO. The following tables present valuation techniques and losses are recorded in current earnings. Fair value is determined by market pricesunobservable inputs for similar transactions adjusted for specific attributes of that loan (Level 2).

Assets and liabilitiesassets measured at fair value on a recurringnon-recurring basis including financial assets and liabilities for which the Company has elected theutilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value option, are summarized below:

   Fair Value Measurements at
September 30, 2017 Using:
 
   Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
   Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 

Financial Assets

      

Securities available for sale

      

U.S. government sponsored entities and agencies

  $—     $20,082   $—   

Mortgage-backed securities-residential

   —      724,667    —   

Mortgage-backed securities-commercial

   —      15,610    —   

State and political subdivisions

   —      160,565    —   

U.S. Treasury bills

   —      59,813    —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total securities available for sale

  $—     $980,737   $—   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loans held for sale

  $—     $11,823   $—   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Mortgage banking derivatives

  $—     $501   $—   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial Liabilities

      

Mortgage banking derivatives

  $—     $(88  $—   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
   Fair Value Measurements at
December 31, 2016 Using:
 
   Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
   Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 

Financial Assets

      

Securities available for sale

      

Mortgage-backed securities-residential

  $—     $607,085   $—   

Mortgage-backed securities-commercial

   —      19,334    —   

State and political subdivisions

   —      128,336    —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total securities available for sale

  $—     $754,755   $—   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loans held for sale

  $—     $23,699   $—   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Mortgage banking derivatives

  $—     $229   $—   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial Liabilities

      

Mortgage banking derivatives

  $—     $(66  $—   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

values at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

Financial Instruments Recorded Using Fair Value Option
As of September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, the unpaid principal balance of loans held for sale was $11,524$40,710 resulting in an unrealized gain of $299$1,972 included in gains on sale of loans. As of December 31, 2016,2019, the unpaid principal balance of loans held for sale was $23,457,$42,152, resulting in an unrealized gain of $242$1,010 included in gains on sale of loans. For the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the change in fair value related to loans held for sale, which is included in gain on sale of loans, was $(48) and $326, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the change in fair value related to loans held for sale, which is included in gain on sale of loans, was $57 and $558, respectively. None of thesethe loans wereas of March 31, 2020, or December 31, 2019 are 90 days or more past due or on nonaccrualnonaccrual.

Fair Value Measurements at March 31,
2020 Using:
Carrying
Amount
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents$173,482  $173,482  $—  $—  $173,482  
Certificates of deposit held at other financial institutions3,345  —  3,345  —  3,345  
Securities available for sale543,225  —  543,225  —  543,225  
Loans held for sale42,682  —  42,682  —  42,682  
Net loans2,817,365  —  —  2,736,626  2,736,626  
Other assets1,166  —  1,166  —  1,166  
Accrued interest receivable12,043  36  3,183  8,824  12,043  
Financial liabilities
Deposits$3,137,471  $2,506,175  $638,714  $—  $3,144,889  
Federal Home Loan Bank advances135,000  —  135,080  —  135,080  
Subordinated notes, net58,916  —  —  58,716  58,716  
Other liabilities18,905  —  18,905  —  18,905  
Accrued interest payable3,179  127  2,702  350  3,179  

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Fair Value Measurements at December 31,
2019 Using:
Carrying
Amount
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents$234,991  $234,991  $—  $—  $234,991  
Certificates of deposit held at other financial institutions3,590  —  3,590  —  3,590  
Securities available-for-sale652,132  —  652,132  —  652,132  
Loans held for sale43,162  —  43,162  —  43,162  
Net loans2,767,008  —  —  2,753,761  2,753,761  
Other assets225  —  225  —  225  
Accrued interest receivable12,362  96  3,775  8,491  12,362  
Financial liabilities
Deposits$3,207,584  $2,458,555  $749,656  $—  $3,208,211  
Federal Home Loan Bank advances155,000  —  155,090  —  155,090  
Subordinated notes, net58,872  —  —  60,922  60,922  
Other liabilities6,619  —  6,619  —  6,619  
Accrued interest payable4,201  154  687  3,360  4,201  

There were 0 foreclosed assets as of September 30, 2017 andMarch 31, 2020, or December 31, 2016.

There were no transfers between level 12019, and 2 during 2017 or 2016.

Assets measured at fair value on anon-recurring basis are summarized below:

There were two collateral-dependent commercial and industrial impaired loans carried at fair value of $1,987 as of September 30, 2017 and one collateral-dependent commercial and industrial impaired loan carried at fair value of $1,650 as of December 31, 2016. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017,accordingly, there was no additional provision for loan losses recorded related to impaired loans recorded at fair value of collateral. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, $115 additional provision for loan losses was recorded related to impaired loans recorded at fair value of collateral.

Foreclosed assets measured at fair value less costs to sell, had a net carrying amount of $1,503 as of September 30, 2017 and $0 as of December 31, 2016. The foreclosed property was previously collateral for a commercial real estate loan. There were no properties at September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 or 2016December 31, 2019 that had required write-downs to fair value resulting in no write downs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are as follows:

   Carrying
Amount
  Fair Value Measurements at
September 30, 2017 Using:
 
    Level 1  Level 2  Level 3   Total 

Financial assets

       

Cash and cash equivalents

  $155,842  $155,842  $—    $—     $155,842 

Certificates of deposit held at other financial institutions

   2,365   —     2,365   —      2,365 

Securities available for sale

   980,737   —     980,737   —      980,737 

Securities held to maturity

   217,312   —     220,089   —      220,089 

Loans held for sale

   11,823   —     11,823   —      11,823 

Net loans

   2,115,930   —     —     2,074,102    2,074,102 

Restricted equity securities

   18,472   n/a   n/a   n/a    n/a 

Servicing rights, net

   3,639   —     —     4,916    4,916 

Mortgage banking derivative assets

   501   —     501   —      —   

Accrued interest receivable

   11,156   (13  5,603   5,566    11,156 

Financial liabilities

       

Deposits

  $2,824,825  $1,438,459  $1,352,945  $—     $2,791,404 

Repurchase agreements

   32,862   —     32,862   —      32,862 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

   337,000   —     355,910   —      355,910 

Subordinated notes, net

   58,470   —     —     61,576    61,576 

Mortgage banking derivative liabilities

   (88  —     (88  —      —   

Accrued interest payable

   2,597   35   2,212   350    2,597 
   Carrying
Amount
  Fair Value Measurements at
December 31, 2016 Using:
 
    Level 1  Level 2  Level 3   Total 

Financial assets

       

Cash and cash equivalents

  $90,927  $90,927  $—    $—     $90,927 

Certificates of deposit held at other financial institutions

   1,055   —     1,055   —      1,055 

Securities available for sale

   754,755   —     754,755   —      754,755 

Securities held to maturity

   228,894   —     227,892   —      227,892 

Loans held for sale

   23,699   —     23,699   —      23,699 

Net loans

   1,757,039   —     —     1,727,188    1,727,188 

Restricted equity securities

   11,843   n/a   n/a   n/a    n/a 

Servicing rights, net

   3,621   —     —     5,015    5,015 

Mortgage banking derivative assets

   229   —     229   —      —   

Accrued interest receivable

   9,931   —     5,172   4,759    9,931 

Financial liabilities

       

Deposits

  $2,391,818  $1,551,461  $836,444  $—     $2,387,905 

Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements

   83,301   —     83,301   —      83,301 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

   132,000   —     131,098   —      131,098 

Subordinated notes, net

   58,337   —     —     61,762    61,762 

Mortgage banking derivative liabilities

   (66  —     (66  —      —   

Accrued interest payable

   1,924   154   1,075   695    1,924 

value.

The methods and assumptions not previously described used to estimate fair values are described as follows:

(a) Cash and Cash Equivalents:Equivalents: The carrying amounts of cash and short-term instruments approximate fair values and are classified as Level 1.

(b) Loans:Loans: Fair values of loans, excluding loans held for sale, are estimated as follows: For variable rate loans that reprice frequently andIn accordance with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values resulting in a Level 3 classification. Fair values for other loans are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality resulting in a Level 3 classification. Impaired loans are valued at the lower of cost or fair value as described previously. The methods utilized to estimateASU 2016-01, the fair value of loans do not necessarily represent an exit price.

(c) Restricted Equity Securities: It is not practical to determine theheld for investment, excluding previously presented impaired loans measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, is estimated using a cash flow projection methodology that relies on three primary assumptions: (1)the expected prepayment rate of Federal Home Loan Bank or Federal Reserve Bank stock due to restrictions placed on its transferability.

(d) Mortgage Servicing Rights: Fair valueloans; (2)the magnitude of mortgage servicing rights isfuture net losses based on valuation models that calculate expected default rate and severity of loss; and (3)the present value of estimated netdiscount rate applicable to the expected cash flows based on industry market data. The valuation model incorporates assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net cash flows resulting inof the loan portfolio. Loans are considered a Level 3 classification.

(e)

(c) Deposits:The fair values disclosed for demand deposits (e.g., interest andnon-interest checking, passbook savings, and certain types of money market accounts) are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date (i.e., their carrying amount) resulting in a Level 1 classification. The carrying amounts of fixed-term money market accounts approximate their fair values at the reporting date resulting in a Level 1 classification. Fair values for certificates of deposit are estimated using a discounted cash flows calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered on certificates to a schedule of aggregated expected monthly maturities on time deposits resulting in a Level 2 classification.

(f)

(d) Federal Funds Purchased and Repurchase Agreements:The carrying amounts of federal funds purchased, borrowings under repurchase agreements, and other short-term borrowings, generally maturing within ninety90 days, approximate their fair values resulting in a Level 2 classification.

(g)

(e) Federal Home Loan Bank Advances:The fair values of the Company’s long-term borrowings are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on the current borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements resulting in a Level 2 classification.

(h)

(f) Subordinated Notes:Notes: The fair values of the Company’s subordinated notes are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on the current borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements resulting in a Level 3 classification.

(i)

(g) Accrued Interest Receivable/Payable:Payable: The carrying amounts of accrued interest approximate fair value resulting in a Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 classification based on the asset/liability with which they are associated.

(j)

30

(h) Off-balance Sheet Instruments:Instruments: Fair values foroff-balance sheet, credit-related financial instruments are based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the counterparties’ credit standing. The fair value of commitments is not material.

NOTE 9—11—EARNINGS PER SHARE

Thetwo-class method is used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share. Under thetwo-class method, earnings available to common shareholders for the period are allocated between common shareholders and participating securities according to dividends declared (or accumulated) and participation rights in undistributed earnings. The factors used in the earnings per share computation follow:

  

Three Months Ended

September 30,

  

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

 
  2017  2016  2017  2016 

Basic

    

Net income available to common shareholders

 $8,889  $7,137  $25,689  $20,855 

Less: earnings allocated to participating securities

  (66  (70  (206  (219
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income allocated to common shareholders

 $8,823  $7,067  $25,483  $20,636 
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Weighted average common shares outstanding including participating securities

  13,188,761   10,721,253   13,119,170   10,652,223 

Less: Participating securities

  (97,842  (105,343  (105,350  (111,937
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Average shares

  13,090,919   10,615,910   13,013,820   10,540,286 
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Basic earnings per common share

 $0.67  $0.67  $1.96  $1.96 
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Diluted

    

Net income allocated to common shareholders

 $8,823  $7,067  $25,483  $20,636 

Weighted average common shares outstanding for basic earnings per common share

  13,090,919   10,615,910   13,013,820   10,540,286 

Add: Dilutive effects of assumed exercises of stock options

  584,778   668,674   662,890   652,272 

Add: Dilutive effects of assumed exercises of stock warrants

  —     13,370   2,104   12,937 
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Average shares and dilutive potential common shares

  13,675,697   11,297,954   13,678,814   11,205,495 
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Diluted earnings per common share

 $0.65  $0.63  $1.86  $1.84 
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Three Months Ended
March 31,
20202019
Basic
Net income available to common shareholders$(1,148) $2,901  
Less: earnings allocated to participating securities(7) (34) 
Net income allocated to common shareholders$(1,155) $2,867  
Weighted average common shares outstanding including participating securities14,849,535  14,561,721  
Less: Participating securities(90,575) (168,638) 
Average shares14,758,960  14,393,083  
Basic earnings per common share$(0.08) $0.20  

Three Months Ended
March 31,
20202019
Diluted
Net income allocated to common shareholders$(1,155) $2,867  
Weighted average common shares outstanding for basic earnings per common share14,758,960  14,393,083  
Add: Dilutive effects of assumed exercises of stock options—  411,747  
Add: Dilutive effects of assumed restricted stock units—  —  
Average shares and dilutive potential common shares14,758,960  14,804,830  
Dilutive earnings per common share$(0.08) $0.19  
For the three months ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and 2016,2019, stock options for 352,042988,504 and 272,087768,458 shares of common stock, respectively, were not considered in computing diluted earnings per common share because they were antidilutive. For the three months ended March 31, 2020 restricted stock units for 254,498 shares of common stock were not considered in computing diluted earnings per common share because they were antidilutive. Stock options for 254,204 and 151,544 shares of common stock were not considered in computing diluted earnings per common share for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 because they were antidilutive.

NOTE 10—12—SUBORDINATED DEBT ISSUANCE

The Company’s subordinated notes, net of issuance costs, totaled $58,470$58,916 and $58,337$58,872 at September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and at December 31, 2016,2019, respectively. For regulatory capital purposes, the subordinated notes are treated as Tier 2 capital, subject to certain limitations, and are included in total regulatory capital when calculating the Company’s total capital to risk weighted assets ratio as indicated in Note 7 of these consolidated financial statements.

The

During 2016, the Company completed the issuance of $60,000 in principal amount of subordinated notes in two separate offerings. In March 2016, $40,000 of 6.875%fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes (the “March 2016 Subordinated Notes”) were issued in a public offering to accredited institutional investors, and in June 2016, $20,000 of 7.00%7% fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes (the “June 2016 Subordinated Notes”) were issued to certain accredited institutional investors in a private offering. The subordinated notes are unsecured and will rank at least equally with all of the Company’s other unsecured subordinated indebtedness and will be effectively subordinated to all of our secured debt to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such debt. The subordinated notes will be subordinated in right of payment to all of our existing and future senior indebtedness, and will rank structurally junior to all existing and future liabilities of our subsidiaries including, in the
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case of the Company’s bank subsidiary, its depositors, and any preferred equity holders of our subsidiaries. The holders of the subordinated notes may be fully subordinated to interests held by the U.S. government in the event that we enter into a receivership, insolvency, liquidation, or similar proceeding.

The issuance costs related to the March 2016 Subordinated Notes amounted to $1,382 and are being amortized as interest expense over theten-yearten-year term of the March 2016 Subordinated Notes. The issuance costs related to the June 2016 Subordinated Notes were $404 and are being amortized as interest expense over theten-yearten-year term of the June 2016 Subordinated Notes. For the three months ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and 2016,2019, amortization of issuance costs has amounted toremained consistent at $44 and $45, for both periods. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, amortization of issuance costs has amounted to $133 and $79, respectively.

The following table summarizes the terms of each subordinated note offering:

   March 2016
Subordinated
Notes
 June 2016
Subordinated
Notes

Principal amount issued

  $40,000 $20,000

Maturity date

  March 30, 2026 July 1, 2026

Initial fixed interest rate

  6.875% 7.00%

Initial interest rate period

  5 years 5 years

First interest rate change date

  March 30, 2021 July 1, 2021

Interest payment frequency through year five*

  Semiannually Semiannually

Interest payment frequency after five years*

  Quarterly Quarterly

Interest repricing index and margin

  3-month LIBOR

plus 5.636%

 3-month LIBOR

plus 6.04%

Repricing frequency after five years

  Quarterly Quarterly

*The Company currently may not make interest payments on either series of subordinated notes without prior written approval from its primary regulatory agencies. Through September 30, 2017 all interest payments have been made in accordance with the terms of the agreements.

March 2016
Subordinated
Notes
June 2016
Subordinated
Notes
Principal amount issued$40,000$20,000
Maturity dateMarch 30, 2026July 1, 2026
Initial fixed interest rate6.875%7.00%
Initial interest rate period5 years5 years
First interest rate change dateMarch 30, 2021July 1, 2021
Interest payment frequency through year fiveSemiannuallySemiannually
Interest payment frequency after five yearsQuarterlyQuarterly
Interest repricing index and margin3-month LIBOR plus 5.636%3-month LIBOR plus 6.04%
Repricing frequency after five yearsQuarterlyQuarterly

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

(All dollar values in this section are in thousands.)


The following discussion is intended to assistand analysis identifies significant factors that have affected our financial position and operating results during the periods included in the understanding and assessment of significant changes and trends related to the Company’s results of operations andaccompanying financial condition.statements. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the accompanying unaudited financial statements, the audited financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form10-K filed with the SECSecurities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 16, 2017,2020, which includes additional information about critical accounting policies and practices and risk factors. Historical results and trends that might appear in the consolidated financial statements should not be interpreted as being indicative of future operations. All amounts are in thousands, except per share data or unless otherwise indicated.

Company Overview

We are a financial holding company headquartered in Franklin, Tennessee. Through our wholly-owned bank subsidiary, Franklin Synergy Bank, a Tennessee-chartered commercial bank and a member of the Federal Reserve System, we provide a full range of banking and related financial services with a focus on service to small businesses, corporate entities, local governments and individuals. We operate through 1215 branches and one loan production office in the demographically attractive and growing Williamson, Rutherford and Davidson Counties and one loan production and deposit production office in Wilson County, all within the Nashville metropolitan area.MSA. As used in this report, unless the context otherwise indicates, any reference to “Franklin Financial,” “our Company,” “the Company,” “us,” “we” and “our” refers to Franklin Financial Network, Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries (including Franklin Synergy)Synergy Bank), any reference to “FFN” refers to Franklin Financial Network, Inc. only and any reference to “Franklin Synergy” or the “Bank” refers to our banking subsidiary, Franklin Synergy Bank.

As of March 31, 2020, we had consolidated total assets of $3,791,601, total loans, including loans held for sale, of $2,898,450, total deposits of $3,137,471 and total equity of $408,848.
Our principal executive office is located at 722 Columbia Avenue, Franklin, Tennessee 37064-2828, and our telephone number is (615) 236-2265. Our website is www.franklinsynergybank.com. The information contained on or accessible from our website does not constitute a part of this report and is not incorporated by reference herein.
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Recent Developments:
Merger with FB Financial Corporation
On January 21, 2020, the Company announced a strategic merger with FB Financial Corporation that is projected to close in the third quarter of 2020.
COVID-19 and the CARES Act
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused economic and social disruption on an unprecedented scale. While some industries have been impacted more severely than others, all businesses have been impacted to some degree. This disruption has resulted in the shuttering of businesses across the country, significant job loss, and aggressive measures by the federal government. The outbreak of COVID-19 has adversely impacted a broad range of industries in which the Company’s customers operate and could impair their ability to fulfill their financial obligations to the Company. During the first quarter of 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 to be a global pandemic indicating that almost all public commerce and related business activities must be, to varying degrees, curtailed with the goal of decreasing the rate of new infections. The spread of the outbreak has caused significant disruptions in the U.S. economy and has disrupted banking and other financial activity in the areas in which the Company operates. While there has been no material impact to the Company’s employees to date, COVID-19 could also potentially create widespread business continuity issues for the Company.

The United States Congress, the President of the United States, and the Federal Reserve have taken a multitude of actions designed to cushion the economic fallout. Most notably, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was signed into law on March 27, 2020 as a $2.2 trillion legislative relief package. The goal of the CARES Act is to limit the impact of a potentially severe economic downturn through various measures, including direct financial aid to American families and economic stimulus to significantly impacted industry sectors. The package also includes extensive emergency funding for hospitals and medical providers. In addition to the general impact of COVID-19, certain provisions of the CARES Act as well as other recent legislative and regulatory relief efforts are expected to have a material impact on our operations. While it is not possible to know the full universe or extent of these impacts as of the date this filing, we are disclosing potentially material items of which we are aware in this Form 10-Q.

Financial position and results of operations

Pertaining to our March 31, 2020 financial condition and results of operations, COVID-19 had an impact on our allowance for loan and lease losses (“ALLL”) and resulting provision for loan losses are impacted by changes in economic conditions. Should economic conditions worsen, we could experience further increases in our ALLL and record additional provision expense. The execution of the payment deferral program discussed in the following commentary assisted our ratio of past due loans to total loans. It is possible that our asset quality measures could worsen at future measurement periods if the effects of COVID-19 are prolonged.

Our fee income could be reduced due to COVID-19. In keeping with guidance from regulators, we are actively working with COVID-19 affected customers to waive fees from a variety of sources, such as, but not limited to, insufficient funds and overdraft fees, ATM fees, account maintenance fees, etc. These reductions in fees are thought, at this time, to be temporary in conjunction with the length of the expected COVID-19 related economic crisis. At this time, we are unable to project the materiality of such an impact, but recognize the breadth of the economic impact is likely to impact our fee income in future periods.

Our interest income could be reduced due to COVID-19. In keeping with guidance from regulators, we are actively working with COVID-19 affected borrowers to defer their payments, interest, and fees. While interest and fees will still accrue to income, through normal GAAP accounting, should eventual credit losses on these deferred payments emerge, interest income and fees accrued may need to be reversed. In such a scenario, interest income in future periods could be negatively impacted. At this time, we are unable to project the materiality of such an impact, but recognize the breadth of the economic impact may affect our borrowers’ ability to repay in future periods.

Positively, the Company could see a near-term, non-recurring benefit to interest income due to the origination fees paid by the SBA related to PPP loans that are originated and funded by the Company.At this time, the Company is unable to project the materiality of such an impact.

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Capital and liquidity

As of March 31, 2020, all of our capital ratios, and our subsidiary bank’s capital ratios, were in excess of all regulatory requirements. While we believe that we have sufficient capital to withstand an extended economic recession brought about by COVID-19, our reported and regulatory capital ratios could be adversely impacted by further credit losses. We rely on cash on hand as well as dividends from our subsidiary bank to service our debt. If our capital deteriorates such that our subsidiary bank is unable to pay dividends to us for an extended period of time, we may not be able to service our debt.

We maintain access to multiple sources of liquidity. Wholesale funding markets have remained open to us, but rates for short term funding have recently been volatile. If funding costs are elevated for an extended period of time, it could have an adverse effect on our net interest margin. If an extended recession caused large numbers of our deposit customers to withdraw their funds, we might become more reliant on volatile or more expensive sources of funding.

Asset valuation

Currently, we do not expect COVID-19 to affect our ability to account timely for the assets on our balance sheet; however, this could change in future periods. While certain valuation assumptions and judgments will change to account for pandemic-related circumstances such as widening credit spreads, we do not anticipate significant changes in methodology used to determine the fair value of assets measured in accordance with GAAP.

As of March 31, 2020, our goodwill was not impaired. While our stock was trading above book value for most of the first quarter of 2020, at quarter-end our stock was trading below book value, and it is possible that subsequent impacts of COVID-19 could cause a further and sustained decline in our stock price or the occurrence of what management would deem to be a triggering event that could, under certain circumstances, cause us to perform a goodwill impairment test and result in an impairment charge being recorded for that period. In the event that we conclude that all or a portion of our goodwill is impaired, a non-cash charge for the amount of such impairment would be recorded to earnings. Such a charge would have no impact on tangible capital or regulatory capital. At March 31, 2020 we had goodwill of $18,176, representing approximately 4.4% of equity.

Our processes, controls and business continuity plan

We implemented our business continuity plans in the aftermath of the early March 2020 tornadoes that severely impacted communities across Middle Tennessee and as COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic. Shortly after invoking those plans, we deployed a successful remote working strategy, provided timely communication to employees and customers, implemented protocols for employee safety, and initiated strategies for monitoring and responding to local COVID-19 impacts – including customer relief efforts. Our preparedness efforts, coupled with quick and decisive plan implementation, resulted in minimal impacts to operations as a result of COVID-19. Prior technology planning resulted in the successful deployment of the majority of our operational teams to a remote environment. Due to the nature of their functions, a portion of our employees continue to operate from physical Company locations, while effectively employing social distancing standards. As of April 30, 2020, approximately 60% of the Company’s 324 employees continued to work remotely.As our local communities begin to gradually lift workplace and social distancing restrictions, the Company plans to slowly bring employees back to their physical workplaces, in a conservative and methodical phased approach.

To achieve implementation of the remote working strategy, during the first quarter of 2020, we did not incur significant costs to effectively provide for proper equipment to team members who were required to work remotely. We do not anticipate incurring material costs related to our continued deployment of the remote working strategy. No material operational or internal control challenges or risks have been identified to date. To prepare for potential staffing shortages resulting from an anticipated peak in COVID-19 cases, we have assessed critical team members and determined appropriate contingency and succession plans are in place to ensure continued operations. Our COVID-19 Response Team continues to meet regularly to anticipate and respond to any future COVID-19 interruptions or developments. We do not anticipate significant challenges to our ability to maintain our systems and controls in light of the measures we have taken to prevent the spread of COVID-19. We do not currently face any material resource constraint through the implementation of our business continuity plans.

Lending operations and accommodations to borrowers

In keeping with regulatory guidance to work with borrowers during this unprecedented situation, we are executing a payment deferral program for our commercial lending clients that are adversely affected by the pandemic. Depending on the
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demonstrated need of the client, the Company is deferring either the full loan payment or the principal component of the loan payment for typically90 days. As of April 30, 2020, the Company has executed over 420 of these deferrals on outstanding loan balances of approximately $644,000. In accordance with interagency guidance issued in March 2020, these short-term deferrals are not considered troubled debt restructurings.

With the passage of the PPP, administered by the SBA, we are actively participating in assisting our customers with applications forthese SBA-guaranteed loans through the program. PPP loans have a two-year term and earn interest at 1%. We believe that the majority of these loans will ultimately be forgiven by the SBA in accordance with the terms of the program. As of April 30, 2020, we have closed or approved with the SBA over 325 PPP loans representing approximately $50,000. It is our understanding that loans funded through the PPP are fully guaranteed by the U.S. government. Should those circumstances change, we could be required to establish additional allowance for loan and lease losses through additional provision expense charged to earnings.

April 30, 2020
COVID-19 Loan DeferralsPrincipal BalanceNumber of loans
Total Loans Booked$644,229  422
Credit

We are working with customers directly affected by COVID-19. We are prepared to offer short-term assistance in accordance with regulatory guidelines. As a result of the current economic environment caused by the COVID-19 virus, we are engaging in more frequent communication with borrowers to better understand their situation and the challenges faced, allowing us to respond proactively as needs and issues arise. Should economic conditions worsen, the Company could experience further increases in its required allowance for loan and lease losses and record additional loan loss provision expense. It is possible that our asset quality measures could worsen at future measurement periods if the effects of COVID-19 are prolonged.

While all industries have and will continue to experience adverse impacts as a result of COVID-19 virus, we had exposures (on balance sheet loans and commitments to lend) in the following loan categories considered to be “at-risk” of significant impact as of March 31, 2020.Our exposure to the retail industry at March 31, 2020 equated to approximately $279,187, or 9.8% of total loans HFI. Our exposure to the health care industry at March 31, 2020 equated to $352,013, or 12.3% of total loans HFI. We have approximately 9.6% of the loans in the health care industry segment risk rated as substandard or worse. Our exposure to hotels at March 31, 2020 equated to approximately $142,520, or 5.0% of total loans HFI, and the majority of the our hotel borrowers have historically exhibited strong operating cash flows. Our exposure to restaurants at March 31, 2020 equated to approximately $75,452, or 2.6% of total loans HFI. At March 31, 2020, our exposure to the transportation and warehousing industry was $24,768, or 0.9% of total loans HFI. These "at-risk" loan categories as of March 31, 2020 totaled $873,939, or 30.6% of total loans HFI.


IndustriesCommercial and industrialCommercial real estate owner occupiedCommercial real estate non-owner occupied real estateTotal% of Total Loans HFI
Retail$6,488  $33,787  $238,912  $279,187  9.8 %
Healthcare - institutional306,343  —  —  306,343  10.7 %
Healthcare - non-institutional18,666  5,702  21,302  45,670  1.6 %
Total healthcare325,009  5,702  21,302  352,013  12.3 %
Hotels200  —  142,320  142,520  5.0 %
Restaurants4,437  40,762  30,253  75,452  2.6 %
Transportation and warehousing19,492  —  5,276  24,768  0.9 %
Total$355,626  $80,250  $438,063  $873,939  30.6 %

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Risk RatingRetailHealthcare - InstitutionalHealthcare - Non-InstitutionalTotal HealthcareHotelsRestaurantsTransportation and Warehousing
Pass93.2 %86.5 %95.9 %87.7 %100.0 %99.8 %93.5 %
Watch5.2 %2.5 %4.1 %2.7 %— %— %6.3 %
Special mention0.4 %— %— %— %— %— %0.2 %
Substandard or worse1.2 %11.0 %— %9.6 %— %0.2 %— %
Total100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %
As of March 31, 2020, our average loan exposure is approximately $162 with the average exposure within our largest segment, commercial real estate, approximately $934 and the average exposure within our top 10 customers is approximately $29,560.
Retail operations

We are committed to assisting our customers and communities in this time of need. As of April 30, 2020, the Bank was utilizing four of its 15 branches per normal operating procedures, while the other 11 branches were available to customers on a drive-thru basis only. Further, we also continues to temporarily reduce, suspend, or eliminate certain fees for customers eligible for relief under regulatory guidance who have been adversely affected, and we have temporarily suspended adverse credit bureau reporting for customers eligible for such relief under applicable regulatory guidelines.

We continue to serve our customers through our branch and drive-thru operations, as well as through the use of our mobile banking operations, all of which are supported by our Customer Call Center, which has been operating under extended hours for much of the recent crises. We have been able to conduct the vast majority of customer business with minimal disruption to date, and our bankers and entire customer service team are proactively and successfully managing the volume of customer requests and issues.

The Company continues to monitor the safety of our employees, customers and communities. At this time, our staffing is adequate to address the requests for time off by any of our employees who are impacted by health or child care issues.
Critical Accounting Policies

The accounting and reporting policies of the Company are in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and conform to general practices within the banking industry. To prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, management makes estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the disclosures provided, and actual results could differ.

The Company’s

Our accounting policies are integral to understanding the results reported. Accounting policies are described in detail in Note 1 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements in the Company’s Form10-K that was filed with the SEC(unaudited) which begins on March 16, 2017.page 9. The critical accounting policies require judgment to ascertain the valuation of assets, liabilities, commitments and contingencies. Management has established policies and control procedures that are intended to ensure valuation methods are well controlled and applied consistently from period to period. In addition, the policies and procedures are intended to ensure that the process for changing methodologies occurs in an appropriate manner. The following is a brief summary of the more significant policies.

Allowance for Loan Losses

(ALLL)

The allowance for loan lossesALLL is a valuation allowance for probable incurred credit losses. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance is confirmed.has become uncollectible. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. Management estimates the allowance balance required using past loan loss experience, the nature and volume of the portfolio, information about specific borrower situations and estimated collateral values, economic conditions, and other factors.

Allocations of the allowance may be made for specific loans, but the entire allowance is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off.

The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are individually classified as impaired. A loan is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Companywe will be unable
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to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Loans for which the terms have been modified resulting in a concession, and for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, are considered troubled debt restructurings (“TDR” or “TDRs”) and classified as impaired.

Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on acase-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed.

All loans classified by management as substandard or worse are individually evaluated for impairment. If a loan is impaired, a portion of the allowance is allocated so that the loan is reported, net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral.

Troubled debt restructurings

TDRs are separately identified for impairment disclosures and are measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s effective rate at inception. If a troubled debt restructuringTDR is considered to be a collateral dependent loan, the loan is reported, net, at the fair value of the collateral. For troubled debt restructuringsTDRs that subsequently default, the Company determineswe determine the amount of reserve in accordance with the accounting policy for the allowance for loan losses.

ALLL.

The general component coversnon-impaired loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for current factors. The historical loss experience is determined by portfolio segment and is based on a combination of the Bank’s loss history and loss history from the Bank’s peer group over the past three years. This actual loss experience is supplemented with other economicqualitative factors based on the risks present for each portfolio segment. These economic factors include consideration of the following: levels of and trends in delinquencies and impaired loans; levels of and trends in charge-offs and recoveries; trends in volume and terms of loans; effects of any changes in risk selection and underwriting standards; other changes in lending policies, procedures, and practices; experience, ability, and depth of lending management and other relevant staff; national and local economic trends and conditions; industry conditions; and effects of changes in credit concentrations.

Recently Adopted

Status of New Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2016, the FASB issuedASU2016-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. UnderASU 2016-09 all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies related to share-based payment awards are to be recognized as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement during the period in which they occur. Previously, such amounts were recorded in the pool of excess tax benefits included in additionalpaid-in capital, if such pool was available. Because excess tax benefits are no longer recognized in additionalpaid-in capital, the assumed proceeds from applying the treasury stock method when computing earnings per share excludes the amount of excess tax benefits that would have previously been recognized in additionalpaid-in capital. Additionally, excess tax benefits are classified along with other income tax cash flows as an operating activity rather than as a financing activity, as was previously the case.ASU 2016-09 also provides that an entity can make an entity-wide accounting policy election to either estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest (current GAAP) or accountStandard for forfeitures when they occur.ASU 2016-09 changed the threshold to qualifyAllowance for equity classification (rather than as a liability) to permit withholding up to the maximum statutory tax rates (rather than the minimum as was previously the case) in the applicable jurisdictions. The Company elected to adopt this ASU in the fourth quarter of 2016, effective as ofCredit Losses

On January 1, 2016. The adoption of this2020, ASU decreased income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 by $616 and increased diluted earnings per share by $0.04. The adoption of this ASU also impacted previously reported quarterly earnings and earnings per share in the third quarter of 2016 by decreasing income tax expense by $107 and increasing diluted earnings per share by $0.01.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU2014-09,Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). ASU2014-09 creates a new topic in the FASB ASC, Topic 606. In addition to superseding and replacing nearly all existing U.S. GAAP revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance, ASU2014-09 establishes a new control-based revenue recognition model, changes the basis for deciding when revenue is recognized over time or at a point in time, provides new and more detailed guidance on specific topics and expands and improves disclosures about revenue. In addition, ASU2014-09 added a new Subtopic to the ASC, Other Assets and Deferred Costs: Contracts with Customers (“ASC340-40”), to provide guidance on costs related to obtaining a contract with a customer and costs incurred in fulfilling a contract with a customer that are not in the scope of another ASC Topic. The new guidance does not apply to certain contracts within the scope of other ASC Topics, such as lease contracts, insurance contracts, financing arrangements, financial instruments, guarantees other than product or service warranties, andnon-monetary exchanges between entities in the same line of business to facilitate sales to customers. The amendments are effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Most of the Company’s revenues come from financial instruments, like loans, investment securities and other financial instruments which are not included in the scope of this ASU. The Company’s revenue recognition pattern for revenue streams within the scope of ASU2014-09, including but not limited to service charges on deposit accounts, gains/losses on the sale of OREO and wealth management income, is not expected to change significantly from current practice. The standard permits the use of either the full retrospective or modified retrospective transition method. The Company is currently planning to use the modified retrospective transition method which requires application of ASU2014-09 to uncompleted contracts at the date of adoption. Periods prior to the date of adoption are not retrospectively revised, but a cumulative effect of adoption is recognized for the impact of the ASU on uncompleted contracts at the date of adoption. Adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU2016-01,2016-13 Financial Instruments (Topic 825): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which amends prior guidance to require an entity to measure its equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. An entity may choose to measure equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar investment of the same issuer. The new guidance simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values, requires public entities to use the exit price notion when measuring fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes, requires an entity to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in fair value of a liability resulting from changes in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has selected the fair value option for financial instruments and requires separate presentation of financial assets and liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset. The amendments are effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Management has not yet determined the impact that adoption of this guidance will have on the Company’s financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU2016-02 which createsTopic 842, Leases and supersedesTopic 840, Leases. ASU2016-02 is intended to improve financial reporting about leasing transactions, by increasing transparency and comparability among organizations. Under the new guidance, a lessee will be required to record all leases with lease terms of more than 12 months on their balance sheet as lease liabilities with a correspondingright-of-use asset. ASU2016-02 maintains the dual model for lease accounting, requiring leases to be classified as either operating or finance, with lease classification determined in a manner similar to existing lease guidance. The new guidance will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted for all entities. At the time this ASU is adopted, the Company will recognize aright-of-use asset, and a lease liability for all leases, which will initially be measured at the present value of lease payments, and a single lease cost calculated so that the costs of the leases are allocated over the terms of the Company’s leases on a generally straight-line basis. Since an asset will be recognized at the time of adoption, the Company’s regulatory capital ratios will be impacted. Management is evaluating the impact ASU2016-02 will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU2016-13,Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,. The ASU requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Financial institutions and other organizations will now use forward-looking information to better inform their credit loss estimates. Many of the loss estimation techniques applied today will still be permitted, although the inputs to those techniques will change to reflect the full amount of expected credit losses. Organizations will continue to use judgment to determine which loss estimation method is appropriate for their circumstances. The ASU requires enhanced disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an organization’s portfolio. These disclosures include qualitative and quantitative requirements that provide additional information about the amounts recorded in the financial statements. In addition, the ASU amends the accounting for credit losses onavailable-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. The ASU is became effective for the Company which replaces the existing incurred loss impairment methodology for fiscal years,loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment with a methodology that reflects management’s best estimate of lifetime expected credit losses and interim periodsrequires consideration of reasonable and supportable economic forecasts to develop a lifetime credit loss estimate. Topic 326 requires additional qualitative and quantitative disclosure to allow users to better understand the credit risk within those fiscal years, beginning afterthe portfolio and the methodologies for determining the ACL. The CECL standard also simplifies the accounting model for purchased credit impaired loans. Additionally, Topic 326 requires expected credit losses on AFS debt securities be recorded as an ACL. For certain types of debt securities, such as U.S. Treasuries and other securities with government guarantees, entities may expect zero credit losses.


In accordance with Section 4014 of the CARES Act that was signed into law on March 27, 2020, we deferred implementation of CECL and thus elected to continue to utilize the ILM to calculate loan loss reserves in the first quarter 2020.

The temporary deferral of CECL will remain effective until the earlier of the termination of the national emergency declaration concerning the COVID-19 pandemic or December 15, 2019 (i.e.,31, 2020, with an effective retrospective implementation date of January 1, 2020, for calendar year entities). Early application2020.There is increased uncertainty on the local, regional, and national economy as a result of local and state stay-at-home orders, as well as relief measures provided at a national, state, and local level.We have taken actions to mitigate the impact on credit losses including permitting short-term payment deferrals to current customers, as well as actively participating in the SBA’s PPP.These conditions significantly impact management’s determination of a reasonable and supportable forecast, an essential requirement in the calculation of expected credit losses under CECL methodology.We believes that the deferral will be permitted for all organizations for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently gathering information, reviewing possible vendors and has formed a committeeprovide time to formulatebetter assess the methodology to be used. Most importantly, the Company is gathering data to enable review scenarios and to determine which calculations will produce the most reliable results. The impact of adopting ASU2016-13 is not currently known.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU2016-15,StatementCOVID-19 pandemic on the expected lifetime credit losses.


Our CECL implementation efforts will remain in process in order to adequately comply with the provisions of Cash Flows (Topic 230): ClassificationCECL once the deferral period ceases.Management will continue to measure and monitor the estimated impacts of Certain Cash ReceiptsCECL adoption through continued parallel testing of model simulations based on our portfolio composition and Cash Payments. This Accounting Standards Update addresses the following eight specific cash flow issues: debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs; settlementcurrent expectations ofzero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation future economic conditions.
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Prior to the effective interest rateCARES Act being signed and our decision to delay the implementation of CECL, we were completing our CECL implementation plan, under the borrowing; contingent consideration payments made afterdirection of our Chief Financial Officer, Chief Credit Officer, Chief Operating Officer, and Controller. The working group also included individuals from various functional areas including credit, risk management, accounting and information technology, among others. Our implementation plan included assessment and documentation of processes, internal controls and data sources; model development, documentation and validation; Board approval of a business combination; proceeds fromCECL Policy; and system configuration, among other things. Additionally, a third-party vendor remains under contract to assist us in the settlementimplementation of insurance claims; proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies (COLIs) (including bank-owned life insurance policies (BOLIs)); distributions received from equity method investees; beneficial interests in securitization transactions; and separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. The amendments in this UpdateCECL.

We are effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. This ASU is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350):Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. The guidance removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation. Goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. All other goodwill impairment guidance will remain largely unchanged.ASU 2017-04 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, applied prospectively. Early adoption is permitted for any impairment tests performed after January 1, 2017. Adoption ofASU 2017-04 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU2017-08,Receivables—Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities. This Update shortens the amortization period for the premium on certain purchased callable debt securities to the earliest call date. The new guidance does not change the accounting for purchased callable debt securities held at a discount; the discount continues to be amortized to maturity.ASU 2017-08 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and early adoption is permitted. The guidance calls for a modified retrospective transition approach under which a cumulative-effect adjustment will be made to retained earningsunable as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted. The Company is currently evaluating the provisions ofASU 2017-08 to determine the potential impact the new standard will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU2017-09,Compensation - Stock Compensation (Subtopic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting. ASU2017-09 clarifies when changes to terms or conditions of a share-based payment award must be accounted for as a modification. Under the new guidance, an entity will not apply modification accounting to a share-based payment award if all of the following are the same immediately before and after the change: (i) the fair value of the award, (ii) the vesting conditions of the award, and (iii) the classification of the award as either an equity or liability instrument. ASU2017-09 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. The guidance requires companies to apply the requirements prospectively to awards modified on or after the adoption date. ASU2017-09 is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU2017-12,Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities. The objectivedate of this ASU isreport to improveprovide an estimate of our allowance for loan losses under the financial reportingCECL model as of hedging relationships to better portrayMarch 31, 2020 and the economic resultsprovision for loan losses for the three months then ended.

38

Table of an entity’s risk management activities in its financial statements. In addition to that main objective, the amendments in this Update make certain targeted improvements to simplify the application of the hedge accounting guidance in current GAAP. This Update is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and early application is permitted in any interim period after issuance of the Update. The Company currently does not have any hedging activities that would be subject to this Update; however, management may consider hedging activities in the future. Adoption of this Update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Contents

COMPARISON OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR

THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2017 AND 2016

MARCH 31, 2019 and 2019

(Dollar Amounts in Thousands)

Overview

The Company reported

We incurred a net income of $8,889 and $25,697 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively, compared to $7,137 and $20,878 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively. After earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest and after the payment of preferred dividends on the shares of SeniorNon-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A (the “Series A Preferred Stock”) issued to the United States Department of the Treasury (“Treasury”) pursuant to the Small Business Lending Fund (“SBLF”), the Company’s net earningsloss available to common shareholders of $1,148 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 was $8,889 and $25,689, respectively,March 31, 2020 compared to $7,137 and $20,855a net income of $2,901 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively.March 31, 2019, a decrease of $4,049. The primary reasondecrease was primarily related to a loan loss provision of $13,022 for the increase in net earnings available to common shareholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 was increased interest income on loans and investment securities compared with the same periods in 2016. The increase in loans was due to significant organic growth. The growth in the securities portfolio is primarily attributable to the Company’s leverage program to utilize proceeds received from capital raised during the fourth quarter of 2016.

quarter.

Net Interest Income/Margin

Net interest income consists of interest income generated by earning assetsearning-assets less interest expense paid on interest-bearing liabilities and is the most significant component of our revenues. Net interest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, totaled $24,326 and $72,438, respectively, compared to $20,675 and $59,885 for the same periods in 2016, an increase of $3,651 and $12,553, or 17.7% and 21.0%, between the respective periods. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, interest income increased $8,056 and $24,761, or 31.3% and 34.1%, respectively, compared with the same periods in 2016, due to growth in both the loan and investment securities portfolios. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, interest expense increased $4,405 and $12,208, or 87.2% and 96.2%, respectively, compared with the same periods in 2016, as a result of increases in interest-bearing deposits, Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances and subordinated notes.

Interest-earning assets averaged $3,351,421 and $2,576,294 during the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, an increase of $775,127, or 30.1%. This increase was due to growth in all types of interest-earning assets, but the largest growth occurred in loans and investment securities. Average loans increased 26.5%, and investment securities increased 31.8%, when comparing the three months ended September 30, 2017 with the same period in 2016. When comparing the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the yield on average interest earning assets, adjusted for tax equivalent yield, increased five basis points in 2017 to 4.17% compared to 4.12% for the same period during 2016. For the three months ended September 30, 2017, the tax equivalent yield on available for sale securities was 2.61%, andremained consistent for the three months ended September 30, 2016, the tax equivalent yield on available for sale securities was 2.42%. For the three months ended September 30, 2017, the tax equivalent yield on held to maturity securities was 4.11%, and for the three months ended September 30, 2016, the tax equivalent yield on held to maturity securities was 3.75%. The primary driver for the increase in yields on securities for the three-month period ended September 30, 2017 was the volumeMarch 31, 2020 with a total oftax-exempt municipal securities purchased during the past 12 months, which increased tax equivalent yields when comparing the three-month period in 2017 with the same period in 2016.

Interest-bearing liabilities averaged $2,856,337 during the three months ended September 30, 2017, $27,464 compared to $2,201,206$27,420 for the same period in 2016, an increase of $655,131, or 29.8%. Total average interest-bearing deposits grew $460,127, or 22.9%, including increases in average2019, a $44 increase.

The net interest checking of $291,152 and average time deposits of $178,786margin for the three-month period ended September 30, 2017, asfirst quarter of 2020 was 3.02%, compared to the same period during 2016. Rapid growth2.80% in the loan portfolio also resulted in an increase in average FHLB advances of $202,445 when comparing the three months ended September 30, 2017 with the same period in 2016.

For the three-month periods ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the cost of average interest-bearing liabilities increased 40 basis points to 1.31% from 0.91%. The increase was due to rate increases in the cost of funds for interest-bearing deposits, FHLB advances and Federal funds purchased.

Interest-earning assets averaged $3,304,558 and $2,427,824 during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively,2019, an increase of $876,734, or 36.1%. This increase22 basis points, which was dueprimarily driven by the 2019 balance sheet rotation and optimization strategies that have focused on the reduction in non-core assets and liabilities.

Tax-equivalent interest income was $42,143 for the first quarter of 2020, when compared to growth in both the loan portfolio and the securities portfolio over the past year. Average loans increased 28.6%, and investment securities increased 46.8%, when comparing the nine months ended September 30, 2017 with$48,058 for the same period in 2016. When comparing the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, thelast year, a 12.3% decrease. The yield on average interest earning assets, adjusted for tax equivalent yield, decreased 227 basis points to 4.11% in 2017 compared4.55% from 4.82% when comparing the three months ended March 31, 2020 to 4.13% for the same period during 2016.

2019. For the ninethree months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016,March 31, 2020, the tax equivalent yield on loans held for investment was 4.96% and 4.95% respectively. For5.21%, compared to 5.61% during the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the tax equivalent yield on loans was 5.03% and 4.96%, respectively.same period in 2019. The primary driver for the increasedecrease in yields on loans forwas the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2017 was an increasedecrease in loanmarket interest rates when compared withto the same periodsquarter in 2016.

For the nineprevious year.

Interest-earning assets averaged $3,726,844 and $4,044,231 during the three months ended September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, a decrease of $317,387, or 7.8%. This decrease was due to the tax equivalent yield on available for salestrategically planned asset rotation and decrease in the total investment securities. Average investment securities was 2.66%decreased $480,923, or 43.7%, and average loans held for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the tax equivalent yield on available for sale securities was 2.48%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the tax equivalent yield on held to maturity securities was 4.18%, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the tax equivalent yield on held to maturity securities was 3.92%. The primary driver for the increase in yields on securities for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2017 was the volume oftax-exempt municipal securities purchased during the past 12 months, whichinvestment increased tax equivalent yields$69,762, or 2.5% when comparing the nine-month period in 2017three months ended March 31, 2020 with the same period in 2016.

2019.

Interest-bearing liabilities averaged $2,839,188$3,076,269 and $3,493,260 and during the ninethree months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $2,044,661 for the same period in 2016, an increaseMarch 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, a decrease of $794,527,$416,991, or 38.9%11.9%. Total average interest-bearingmoney market deposits grew $606,229, including increases in interest-bearing checking of $339,569increased $248,245, or 25.0%, and average time deposits of $259,409decreased $447,372, or 38.4% for the nine-month periodthree months ended September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, as compared to the same period during 2016. Rapid growth in the loan portfolio also resulted in an increase in average2019. Average FHLB advances of $167,137, and subordinated notes and other borrowings increased $25,516,decreased $230,425 when comparing the ninethree months ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 with the same period in 2016.

2019 with the organic growth in the loan portfolio. For the nine-month periodsthree months ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and 2016,2019, the cost of average interest-bearing liabilities increased 34decreased 48 basis points to 1.85% from 0.83%2.33%.

Total non-interest deposits averaged $333,883, an increase of $42,707, or 14.7%, during the three months ended March 31, 2020, compared to 1.17%. The increase was due to increases in the cost of funds from interest-bearing deposits, FHLB advances, Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements.

same period during 2019.

The tables below summarize average balances, annualized yields and rates, cost of funds, and the analysis of changes in interest income and interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and 2016:

2019:

39

Table of Contents
Average Balances—Yields & Rates(7)

(Dollars are in thousands)

   Three Months Ended September 30, 
   2017  2016 
   Average
Balance
  Interest
Inc / Exp
   Average
Yield / Rate
  Average
Balance
  Interest
Inc / Exp
   Average
Yield / Rate
 

ASSETS:

         

Loans(1)(6)

  $2,049,575  $26,006    5.03 $1,620,347  $20,219    4.96

Securities available for sale(6)

   972,988   6,405    2.61  671,725   4,084    2.42

Securities held to maturity(6)

   220,313   2,283    4.11  233,986   2,203    3.75

Restricted equity securities

   17,396   269    6.13  10,372   133    5.10

Certificates of deposit at other financial institutions

   2,412   9    1.48  941   4    1.69

Federal funds sold and other(2)

   88,737   271    1.21  38,923   49    0.50
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL INTEREST EARNING ASSETS

  $3,351,421  $35,243    4.17 $2,576,294  $26,692    4.12

Allowance for loan losses

   (18,891     (14,508   

All other assets

   94,334      86,466    
  

 

 

     

 

 

    

TOTAL ASSETS

  $3,426,864     $2,648,252    

LIABILITIES & EQUITY

         

Deposits:

         

Interest checking

  $552,502  $1,285    0.92 $261,350  $256    0.39

Money market

   604,416   1,703    1.12  617,913   957    0.62

Savings

   54,921   42    0.30  51,235   40    0.31

Time deposits

   1,259,452   4,281    1.35  1,080,666   2,430    0.89

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

   289,228   968    1.33  86,783   215    0.99

Federal funds purchased and other(3)

   37,374   92    0.98  44,974   69    0.61

Subordinated notes and other borrowings

   58,444   1,083    7.35  58,285   1,082    7.39
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL INTEREST BEARING LIABILITIES

  $2,856,337  $9,454    1.31 $2,201,206  $5,049    0.91

Demand deposits

   261,127      224,387    

Other liabilities

   11,312      16,650    

Total equity

   298,088      206,009    
  

 

 

     

 

 

    

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

  $3,426,864     $2,648,252    

NET INTEREST SPREAD(4)

      2.86     3.21

NET INTEREST INCOME

   $25,789     $21,643   

NET INTEREST MARGIN(5)

      3.05     3.34

   Nine Months Ended September 30, 
   2017  2016 
   Average
Balance
  Interest
Inc / Exp
   Average
Yield / Rate
  Average
Balance
  Interest
Inc / Exp
   Average
Yield / Rate
 

ASSETS:

         

Loans(1)(6)

  $1,975,592  $73,274    4.96 $1,535,894  $56,933    4.95

Securities available for sale(6)

   1,002,118   19,958    2.66  641,270   11,917    2.48

Securities held to maturity(6)

   224,174   7,012    4.18  194,326   5,698    3.92

Restricted equity securities

   15,830   663    5.60  9,256   354    5.11

Certificates of deposit at other financial institutions

   2,178   24    1.47  751   11    1.96

Federal funds sold and other(2)

   84,666   643    1.02  46,327   164    0.47
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL INTEREST EARNING ASSETS

  $3,304,558  $101,574    4.11 $2,427,824  $75,077    4.13

Allowance for loan losses

   (18,182     (13,179   

All other assets

   92,425      41,988    
  

 

 

     

 

 

    

TOTAL ASSETS

  $3,378,801     $2,456,633    

LIABILITIES & EQUITY

         

Deposits:

         

Interest checking

  $631,582  $3,586    0.76 $292,013  $853    0.39

Money market

   608,670   4,412    0.97  608,341   2,767    0.61

Savings

   55,569   127    0.31  48,647   121    0.33

Time deposits

   1,196,675   10,993    1.23  937,266   6,377    0.91

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

   242,549   2,228    1.23  75,412   511    0.91

Federal funds purchased and other(3)

   45,745   309    0.90  50,100   237    0.63

Subordinated notes and other borrowings

   58,398   3,239    7.42  32,882   1,820    7.39
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL INTEREST BEARING LIABILITIES

  $2,839,188  $24,894    1.17 $2,044,661  $12,686    0.83

Demand deposits

   246,675      200,981    

Other liabilities

   7,358      12,707    

Total equity

   285,580      198,284    
  

 

 

     

 

 

    

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

  $3,378,801     $2,456,633    

NET INTEREST SPREAD(4)

      2.94     3.30

NET INTEREST INCOME

   $76,680     $62,391   

NET INTEREST MARGIN(5)

      3.10     3.43

(1)Loan balances include both loans held in the Bank’s portfolio and mortgage loans held for sale and are net of deferred origination fees and costs.Non-accrual loans are included in total loan balances.
(2)Includes federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits at the Federal Reserve Bank and the Federal Home Loan Bank.
(3)Includes repurchase agreements.
(4)Represents the average rate earned on interest-earning assets minus the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities.
(5)Represents net interest income (annualized) divided by total average earning assets.
(6)Interest income and rates include the effects oftax-equivalent adjustments to adjusttax-exempt interest income ontax-exempt loans and investment securities to a fully taxable basis.
(7)Average balances are average daily balances.

Three Months Ended March 31,
20202019
Average
Balance
Interest
Inc / Exp
Average
Yield /
Rate
Average
Balance
Interest
Inc / Exp
Average
Yield /
Rate
ASSETS:
Loans(1)(6)
$2,834,437  $36,707  5.21 %$2,764,675  $38,238  5.61 %
Loans held for sale36,668  379  4.16  9,438  115  4.94  
Securities:
Taxable399,135  2,424  2.44  919,549  6,394  2.82  
Tax-exempt(6)
221,190  1,872  3.40  181,699  1,990  4.44  
Restricted equity securities24,824  162  2.62  22,082  332  6.10  
Certificates of deposit at other financial institutions3,426  20  2.35  3,592  20  2.26  
Federal funds sold and other(2)
207,164  579  1.12  143,196  969  2.74  
TOTAL INTEREST EARNING ASSETS$3,726,844  $42,143  4.55 %$4,044,231  $48,058  4.82 %
Allowance for loan and lease losses(45,100) (24,054) 
All other assets198,380  200,078  
TOTAL ASSETS$3,880,124  $4,220,255  
LIABILITIES & EQUITY
Deposits:
Interest checking$877,751  $3,400  1.56 %$857,096  $4,420  2.09 %
Money market1,241,087  4,930  1.60  992,842  5,979  2.44  
Savings40,055  27  0.27  40,609  28  0.28  
Time deposits718,294  3,889  2.18  1,165,666  6,563  2.28  
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other (8)
137,319  801  2.35  367,744  1,959  2.16  
Federal funds purchased and other(3)
2,876  14  1.96  10,594  72  2.76  
Subordinated notes58,887  1,082  7.39  58,709  1,082  7.47  
TOTAL INTEREST BEARING LIABILITIES$3,076,269  $14,143  1.85 %$3,493,260  $20,103  2.33 %
Demand deposits333,883  291,176  
Other liabilities53,454  58,703  
Total equity416,518  377,116  
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY$3,880,124  $4,220,255  
NET INTEREST SPREAD(4)
2.70 %2.49 %
NET INTEREST INCOME$28,000  $27,955  
NET INTEREST MARGIN(5)
3.02 %2.80 %
(1)Loan balances include loans held in the Bank’s portfolio and are net of deferred origination fees and costs. Non-accrual loans are included in total loan balances.
(2)Includes federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits at the Federal Reserve Bank, the Federal Home Loan Bank and other financial institutions.
(3)Includes repurchase agreements.
(4)Represents the average rate earned on interest-earning assets minus the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities.
(5)Represents net interest income (annualized) divided by total average earning assets.
(6)Interest income and rates include the effects of tax-equivalent adjustments to adjust tax-exempt interest income on tax-exempt loans and investment securities to a fully taxable basis.
(7)Average balances are average daily balances.
(8)Includes finance lease.
40

Table of Contents
Analysis of Changes in Interest Income and Expenses

   Net change three months ended
September 30, 2017 versus September 30, 2016
 
   Volume   Rate   Net Change 

INTEREST INCOME

      

Loans

  $5,425   $362   $5,787 

Securities available for sale

   1,855    466    2,321 

Securities held to maturity

   (120   200    80 

Restricted equity securities

   91    45    136 

Certificates of deposit at other financial institutions

   6    (1   5 

Federal funds sold and other

   63    159    222 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL INTEREST INCOME

  $7,320   $1,231   $8,551 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

INTEREST EXPENSE

      

Deposits

      

Interest checking

  $291   $738   $1,029 

Money market accounts

   (16   762    746 

Savings

   3    (1   2 

Time deposits

   391    1,460    1,851 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

   505    248    753 

Fed funds purchased and other borrowed funds

   (12   35    23 

Subordinated Notes and other borrowings

   7    (6   1 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL INTEREST EXPENSE

  $1,169   $3,236   $4,405 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

NET INTEREST INCOME

  $6,151   $(2,005  $4,146 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
   Net change nine months ended
September 30, 2017 versus September 30, 2016
 
   Volume   Rate   Net Change 

INTEREST INCOME

      

Loans

  $16,193   $148   $16,341 

Securities available for sale

   6,692    1,349    8,041 

Securities held to maturity

   878    436    1,314 

Restricted equity securities

   251    58    309 

Certificates of deposit at other financial institutions

   21    (8   13 

Federal funds sold and other

   131    348    479 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL INTEREST INCOME

  $24,166   $2,331   $26,497 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

INTEREST EXPENSE

      

Deposits

      

Interest checking

  $985   $1,748   $2,733 

Money market accounts

   6    1,639    1,645 

Savings

   14    (8   6 

Time deposits

   1,752    2,864    4,616 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

   1,136    581    1,717 

Fed funds purchased and other borrowed funds

   (20   92    72 

Subordinated notes and other borrowings

   1,406    13    1,419 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL INTEREST EXPENSE

  $5,279   $6,929   $12,208 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

NET INTEREST INCOME

  $18,887   $(4,598  $14,289 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net change three months ended
March 31, 2020 versus March 31, 2019
 VolumeRateNet Change
INTEREST INCOME
Loans$802  $(2,333) $(1,531) 
Loans held for sale349  (85) 264  
Securities
Taxable(3,600) (370) (3,970) 
Tax-exempt381  (499) (118) 
Restricted equity securities40  (211) (171) 
Certificates of deposit at other financial institutions(1)  —  
Federal funds sold and other426  (816) (390) 
TOTAL INTEREST INCOME$(1,603) $(4,313) $(5,916) 
INTEREST EXPENSE
Deposits
Interest checking$103  $(1,123) $(1,020) 
Money market accounts1,438  (2,487) (1,049) 
Savings—  (1) (1) 
Time deposits(2,489) (185) (2,674) 
Federal Home Loan Bank advances(1,220) 62  (1,158) 
Federal funds purchased and other(1)
(52) (6) (58) 
Subordinated notes—  —  —  
TOTAL INTEREST EXPENSE$(2,220) $(3,740) $(5,960) 
NET INTEREST INCOME$617  $(573) $44  
(1) Includes finance lease.
Provision for Loan Losses

The provision for loan losses represents a charge to earnings necessary to establish an allowance for loan lossesALLL that, in management’s evaluation, should be adequate to provide coverage for the probable losses incurred in the loan portfolio. The allowance is increased by the provision for loan losses and is decreased by charge-offs, net of recoveries on prior loan charge-offs.

The provision for loan losses was $590$13,022 and $1,392$5,055 for the three months ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and 2016, respectively,2019, respectively. Management determined the need to record an additional loan loss provision of $6,600 to provide specific reserves for one banking relationship, which was on nonaccrual status and $3,018was included in a portion of our classified assets, in our Healthcare and $4,095 forCorporate loan portfolios, as of December 31, 2019. Our determination to record this additional provision was primarily the nine months ended September 30, 2017result of certain developments and 2016, respectively.circumstances regarding the collectability of this relationship that arose during the first quarter of 2020, and these developments were amplified by various macroeconomic factors. The lowerbalance of this banking relationship was fully charged-off as of March 31, 2020. The remainder of the loan loss provision for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 comparedMarch 31, 2020 was attributable to the same periods in 2016 is based on the Company’s analysisa combination of its allowance for loan losses which, based on the loan portfolio’s risk profile and comparatively less loan growth required less provision be recorded. Nonperforming loans at September 30, 2017 totaled $2,860 comparedand increased quantitative loss factors, as well as an increase in qualitative risk factors due to $6,182 at December 31, 2016, representing 0.1% and 0.3% of total loans, respectively.

COVID-19.

Non-Interest Income

Non-interest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 was $3,569 and $11,457, respectively,$5,893 compared to $4,876 and $12,587$3,486 for the same periods in 2016, respectively. 2019. The $2,407 increase was primarily the result of strong mortgage banking revenue, driven by the lower interest rates present during the quarter.

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Table of Contents
The following is a summary of the components ofnon-interest income (in thousands):

   Three Months Ended
September 30,
   $
Increase
(Decrease)
   %
Increase
(Decrease)
 
   2017   2016     

Service charges on deposit accounts

  $39   $44   $(5   (11.4%) 

Other service charges and fees

   787    845    (58   (6.9%) 

Net gains on sale of loans

   1,517    2,942    (1,425   (48.4%) 

Wealth management

   643    446    197    44.2

Loan servicing fees, net

   70    (40   110    275.0

Gain on sales of investment securities, net

   350    430    (80   (18.6%) 

Net gain on foreclosed assets

   (16   30    (46   (153.3%) 

Other

   179    179    —      —  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Totalnon-interest income

  $3,569   $4,876   $(1,307   (26.8%) 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
   Nine Months Ended
September 30,
   $
Increase
(Decrease)
   %
Increase
(Decrease)
 
   2017   2016     

Service charges on deposit accounts

  $114   $139   $(25   (18.0%) 

Other service charges and fees

   2,297    2,245    52    2.3

Net gains on sale of loans

   5,918    6,859    (941   (13.7%) 

Wealth management

   1,884    1,343    541    40.3

Loan servicing fees, net

   230    (2   232    11,600.0

Gain on sales of investment securities, net

   470    1,535    (1,065   (69.4%) 

Net gain on foreclosed assets

   (10   36    (46   (127.8%) 

Other

   554    432    122    28.2
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Totalnon-interest income

  $11,457   $12,587   $(1,130   (9.0%) 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Service charges on deposit accounts

 Three Months Ended
March 31,
$
Increase
(Decrease)
%
Increase
(Decrease)
20202019
Service charges on deposit accounts$92  $74  $18  24.3 %
Other service charges and fees897  757  140  18.5 %
Mortgage banking revenue2,685  1,672  1,013  60.6 %
Wealth management814  627  187  29.8 %
Gain on sale or call of securities1,396  149  1,247      NM  
Net loss on sale of loans(416) (217) (199) 91.7 %
Net gain on sale of foreclosed assets  (2) (50.0)%
Other423  420   0.7 %
Total non-interest income$5,893  $3,486  $2,407  69.0 %
Mortgage banking revenue increased $1,013, or 60.6% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020, compared to the same period in 2019. The increase was due to the volume of mortgage loans originated, the sales related to those loans and more favorable market rates in 2020, which resulted in favorable fair value adjustments on mortgage derivatives. The Federal Reserve increased rates 100 basis points in 2018 but then decreased $5rates 75 basis points during the third and $25,fourth quarters of 2019 and then decreased rates by an additional 150 basis points in the first quarter of 2020, resulting in a current target rate range of zero to 25 basis points.
Gain (loss) on sale or 11.4% and 18.0%, respectively, fromcall of securities increased $1,247 for the three months ended March 31, 2020, when compared with the same periods in 2016.2019. The decrease for the nine months ended September 30, 2017increase was due to the Company’s waiving service charges on deposit accountselection to sell certain securities to take advantage of the market conditions that existed during March 2017 while the Company was going through a core system conversion.

Other service charges and fees for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 decreased $58 and increased $52, or 6.9% and 2.3%, respectively, from the same periods in 2016. The fluctuation for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was duethat period, at which time, management elected to a combinationsell certain of increases and decreases, with the following typesits securities as part of fees having the largest fluctuation in the comparative periods: unused commitment fees ($108), ATM foreign surcharge fees ($42), and underwriting fees ($32).

its balance sheet management initiatives.

Net gainloss on sale of loans decreased $1,425, or 48.4% and $941, or 13.7%,was $416, an increase of $199 during the period ended March 31, 2020, when comparing the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 to the same period in 2016, respectively. The changes in both periods were due to the volume of loans sold and the margins related to the loans sold.

Wealth management income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 increased $197 and $541, or 44.2% and 40.3%, respectively, in comparisoncompared with the same periods in 2016.2019. The increase was attributed to the growth in the client base and assets under management in the wealth management division, as well as improvement in the stock markets. As a comparison, the Company had assets under management at September 30, 2017 and 2016 of $351,932 and $262,879, respectively.

Net loan servicing feesloss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 increased $110 and $232, or 275.0% and 11,600.0%, respectively, in comparison with the same periods in 2016. The increase was attributed to the growth in the mortgage loans serviced and the related valuation increase of the mortgage servicing rights.

Net gain on sale of investment securities decreased $80 and $1,065, or 18.6% and 69.4%, respectively, when comparing the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 with the same periods in 2016. The decreases were primarily due to the gains on securities that were recognized in the third quarter of 2016, which were related to management selling a number of smaller securities to consolidate the number of securities carried in the portfolio, and selling securities of two municipalities whose credit rating had fallen below management’s credit score limit.

Othernon-interest income remained consistent when comparing the three months ended September 30, 2017 withMarch 31, 2020 was attributed to sales of SNC relationships during the first quarter of 2020.

Non-Interest Expense
Non-interest expense remained relatively consistent for the three months ended March 31, 2020 at $22,421 compared to $22,616 for the same period in 20162019. The increases and increased by $122, or 28.2%, when comparing the nine months ended September 30, 2017 with the same period in 2016. The increase for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 is primarily attributed to the loss of $98 recorded on the sale of the Company’s real estate in downtown Murfreesboro, Tennessee during first quarter 2016.

Non-Interest Expense

Non-interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 was $15,278 and $44,837, respectively, compared to $13,708 and $38,452 for the same periods in 2016, respectively. The increasesdecreases were the result of the following components listed in the table below (in thousands):

   Three Months Ended
September 30,
   $
Increase
(Decrease)
   %
Increase
(Decrease)
 
   2017   2016     

Salaries and employee benefits

  $9,011   $7,979   $1,032    12.9

Occupancy and equipment

   2,399    2,001    398    19.9

FDIC assessment expense

   900    570    330    57.9

Marketing

   192    206    (14   (6.8%) 

Professional fees

   821    935    (114   (12.2%) 

Amortization of core deposit intangible

   115    138    (23   (16.7%) 

Other

   1,840    1,879    (39   (2.1%) 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Totalnon-interest expense

  $15,278   $13,708   $1,570    11.5
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
   Nine Months Ended
September 30,
   $
Increase
(Decrease)
   %
Increase
(Decrease)
 
   2017   2016     

Salaries and employee benefits

  $26,172   $22,099   $4,073    18.4

Occupancy and equipment

   6,689    5,563    1,126    20.2

FDIC assessment expense

   2,675    1,388    1,287    92.7

Marketing

   744    611    133    21.8

Professional fees

   2,558    3,006    (448   (14.9%) 

Amortization of core deposit intangible

   363    431    (68   (15.8%) 

Other

   5,636    5,354    282    5.3
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Totalnon-interest expense

  $44,837   $38,452   $6,385    16.3
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The increase innon-interest expense noted in the table above is related to the Company’s overall growth. The Company’s largest increases for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, in comparison with the same periods of 2016, were in salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment, FDIC assessment expense, and othernon-interest expense.

Three Months Ended
March 31,
$
Increase
(Decrease)
%
Increase
(Decrease)
20202019
Salaries and employee benefits$12,580  $14,743  $(2,163) (14.7)%
Occupancy and equipment3,086  3,113  (27) (0.9)%
FDIC assessment expense450  990  (540) (54.5)%
Marketing245  319  (74) (23.2)%
Professional fees3,068  923  2,145  232.4 %
Amortization of core deposit intangible94  145  (51) (35.2)%
Other2,898  2,383  515  21.6 %
Total non-interest expense$22,421  $22,616  $(195) (0.9)%

Salaries and employee benefits increased $1,032 and $4,073,decreased $2,163, or 12.9% and 18.4%14.7%, respectively, when comparing the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 with the same periods in 2016. The increases in both periods are primarily due to the Company’s staffing growth, during which the Company went from 261 full-time equivalent employees as of September 30, 2016, to 279 as of September 30, 2017, many of which were officer level positions as the Company has worked to enhance its management team to properly oversee the Company’s growth and to grow its team of lenders to further grow the loan portfolio. In addition to salaries, incentive expenseswhile professional fees increased $405 and $309, respectively, when comparing the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 with the same periods of 2016 due to the Company’s financial performance during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. Stock-based compensation expense also increased $266 and $657, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 in comparison with the same periods in 2016.

Occupancy and equipment expense increased $398 and $1,126,$2,145, or 19.9% and 20.2%, respectively, when comparing the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 with the same periods in 2016. The variance for the three months ended September 30, 2017 versus the three months ended September 30, 2016 is primarily attributable to increases in building rent expense ($222), software maintenance fees ($114), and software depreciation ($21). The variance when comparing the nine months ended September 30, 2017 with the nine months ended September 30, 2016 is attributable to increases in building rent expense ($634), software maintenance fees ($281) and leasehold improvement depreciation ($69).

The Company’s FDIC assessment expense increased $330 and $1,287, or 57.9% and 92.7%, respectively, when comparing the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 with the same periods in 2016. The increases are due to the year-over-year asset growth of the Company, on which FDIC assessments are calculated, and are also related to the change in the FDIC insurance assessment calculation in the third quarter of 2016, which caused an increase in the Company’s insurance assessments based on the calculation’s components.

Professional fees decreased $114 and $448, or 12.2% and 14.9%, respectively, when comparing the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 with the same periods in 2016. The decrease232.4% when comparing the three months ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 with the same period in 2016 is2019. Theses variations are attributable to employee-related adjustments occurring due to decreasesour pending strategic merger with FB Financial Corporation projected to close in other professional fees ($85) and compliance fees ($152). The decrease, when comparing the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, is due to decreases in merger-related expenses ($316), legal fees ($79) and SEC filing expense ($67). The decreases in other professional fees are related to the following 2016 expenses: (1) the design and implementationthird quarter 2020.

42

Table of subsidiaries (Franklin Synergy Risk Management, Inc., Franklin Synergy Investments of Tennessee, Inc., Franklin Synergy Investments of Nevada, Inc., and Franklin Synergy Preferred Capital, Inc.); (2) a consulting engagement related to the Company’s core systems and related processes; and (3) professional placement service feesContents
Income Tax Expense
We recognized income tax benefit for the hiring of several key lending and management professionals.

For the three months ended September 30, 2017, othernon-interest expenses decreased $39, or 2.1%, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, other noninterest expenses increased $282, or 5.3%, from the same comparative periods during 2016. The increase in othernon-interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 versus September 30, 2016 is attributedMarch 31, 2020 of$938 compared to increases in several types of expenses, but the following expense types represent the largest variances: insurance expense ($78); franchise taxes ($162); travel expenses ($74); management fees ($200); and loan servicing expense ($219). These variances were offset by decreases in various expense types, with the following account having the largest decrease: loan-related expenses ($283).

Income Tax Expense

The Company recognized income tax expense of $334 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, of $3,138 and $10,343, respectively, compared to $3,314 and $9,047, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. The Company’syear-to-dateMarch 31, 2019. Our quarter-to-date income tax expensebenefit for the period ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 reflects an effective income tax rate of 28.7%, a decrease45.0% which is an increase compared to 30.2%10.3% for the same period in 2016.

2019. The primary drivers are from pre-tax income decreasing $5,321 compared to the same quarter in 2019 as a result of recognizing $7,967 more in provision for loan losses when compared to the same period in 2019.

COMPARISON OF BALANCE SHEETS AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2017 AND DECEMBERMarch 31, 2016

2020 and December 31, 2019

Overview

The Company’s

Our total assets increaseddecreased by $622,089,$104,561, or 21.1%,a 10.8% annualized rate, from December 31, 20162019 to September 30, 2017.March 31, 2020. The increasedecrease in total assets has primarily been the result of the continued balance sheet rotation and optimization strategies and the planned sales of investment securities during the twelve months between March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, and a planned offset by organic growth in the loan portfolio and from purchases of additional investment securities.

portfolio.

Loans

Lending-related income is the most important component of the Company’sour net interest income and is a major contributor to profitability. The loan portfolio is the largest component of earning assets, and therefore generates the largest portion of revenues. For purposes of the discussion in this section, the term “loans” refers to loans, excluding loans held for sale, unless otherwise noted.

The absolute volume of loans and the volume of loans as a percentage of earning assets is an important determinant of net interest margin as loans are expected to produce higher yields than securities and other earning assets. Total loans, net of deferred fees, at September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and December 31, 20162019 were $2,115,930$2,855,768 and $1,773,592,$2,812,444, respectively, an increase of $342,338,$43,324 or 19.3%.6.2% annualized. As a percentage of total assets, total loans, net of deferred fees, at September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and December 31, 20162019 were 59.3%75.3% and 60.3%72.2%, respectively. Growth in the loan portfolio is primarily due to increased market penetration and a healthywithin our local economy. The Company has also attracted a number of experienced commercial and mortgage lenders to help increase penetration in its primary markets in Middle Tennessee, Williamson County, Rutherford County and Davidson County.

markets.

The table below provides a summary of the loan portfolio composition for the periods noted.

   September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 

Types of Loans

  Amount   % of Total
Loans
  Amount   % of Total
Loans
 

Total loans, excluding purchased credit impaired (“PCI”) loans

       

Real estate:

       

Construction and land development

  $514,934    24.3 $489,562    27.6

Commercial

   598,846    28.3  497,140    28.0

Residential

   532,113    25.1  404,989    22.8

Commercial and industrial

   464,747    22.0  376,476    21.2

Consumer and other

   3,933    0.2  3,359    0.2
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total loans—gross, excluding PCI loans

   2,114,573    99.9  1,771,526    99.8
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total PCI loans

   2,558    0.1  2,859    0.2
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total gross loans

   2,117,131    100.0  1,774,385    100.0
    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Less: deferred loan fees, net

   (1,201    (793  

Allowance for loan losses

   (19,944    (16,553  
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total loans, net allowance for loan losses

  $2,095,986    $1,757,039   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

The discussion

 March 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Types of LoansAmount% of Total
Loans
Amount% of Total
Loans
Total loans
Real estate:
Construction and land development$627,178  21.9 %$591,541  21.0 %
Commercial997,958  34.9 %993,912  35.3 %
Residential648,586  22.7 %643,601  22.9 %
Commercial and industrial581,598  20.3 %582,641  20.7 %
Consumer and other4,454  0.2 %4,769  0.2 %
Total gross loans2,859,774  100.0 %2,816,464  100.0 %
Less: deferred loan fees, net(4,006) (4,020) 
Total loans, net of deferred loan fees2,855,768  2,812,444  
Less: allowance for loan losses(38,403) (45,436) 
Total loans, net allowance for loan losses$2,817,365  $2,767,008  
This net loan growth for the first quarter of 2020 occurred in spite of the $31,132 linked-quarter reduction in the following paragraphs includesSNC portfolio to a balance of $105,526, representing a 54.0% year-over-year and 91.6% annualized linked-quarter decrease. This is the PCIlowest SNC balance held by the Company during the last six quarters, representing 3.7% of loans HFI, which is almost half of the Company’s concentration of 9.3% of loans HFI at the peak of the SNC portfolio at December 31, 2018. Non-SNC loan growth in the breakdownfirst quarter was $74,456, representing annualized growth of 11.1% from the fourth quarter of 2019. The Company estimates approximately $32,000 of the various categories of loans.

Total gross loans increased 19.3% during the first nine months of 2017,loan growth was due to organic growth as a resultincreased customer line of continued market penetration and the strength of the local economy. During this period, the Company experienced growth in real estate loans of 18.2% with growth occurring in the residential real estate (31.3%), commercial real estate (20.4%) and construction and land development (5.2%) segments. The Company also experienced growth of 23.3% in thecredit utilization, which was predominantly from commercial and industrial segment duringloan customers. Of the first nine months$738,189 unused lines of 2017.

credit at March 31, 2020, the Company estimates approximately $273,300, or approximately 37%, are available to be drawn by customers without further approval by the Bank.

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Table of Contents
Real estate loans comprised 77.7%79.5% of the loan portfolio at September 30, 2017.March 31, 2020. The largest portion of the real estate segments as of September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, was commercial real estate loans, which totaled 36.4%43.9% of real estate loans. Commercial real estate loans totaled $599,233$997,958 at September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, and comprised 28.3%34.9% of the total loan portfolio. The commercial real estate loan classification primarily includes commercial-based mortgage loans that are secured by nonfarm, nonresidential real estate properties and multi-family residentialother properties.

Construction and land development loans totaled $514,934$627,178 at September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, and comprised 31.3%27.6% of total real estate loans and 24.3%21.9% of the total loan portfolio. Loans in this classification provide financing for the construction and development of residential properties and commercial income properties, multi-family residential development, and land designated for future development.

This portfolio has remained steady in absolute dollar terms since 2017, representing a lower corresponding portion of the loan portfolio.

The residential real estate classification primarily includes1-4 family residential loans which are typically conventional first-lien home mortgages, not including loansheld-for-sale in the secondary market, and it also includes home equity lines of credit and other junior lien mortgage loans. Residential real estate loans totaled $532,295$648,586 and comprised 32.3%28.5% of real estate loans and 25.1%22.7% of total loans at September 30, 2017.

March 31, 2020.

Commercial and industrial loans totaled $466,736$581,598 at September 30, 2017 and grew 23.3% during the first nine months of 2017.March 31, 2020. Loans in this classification comprised 22.0%20.3% of total loans at September 30, 2017.March 31, 2020. The commercial and industrial classification consists of commercial loans tosmall-to-medium sized businesses, shared national credits, and commercial healthcare loans.

The tables below provide a summary of the Corporate and Healthcare portfolios for the periods noted:

Corporate and Healthcare portfolios(1)
March 31,
2020
December 31,
2019
September 30,
2019
June 30,
2019
March 31,
2019
QoQ
Change*
YoY
Change
Corporate$102,370  $139,840  $133,386  $170,125  $174,731  (107.8 %)(41.4 %)
Portion SNC36,011  59,339  58,544  112,756  122,452  (158.1 %)(70.6 %)
Portion not SNC66,359  80,501  74,842  57,369  52,279  (70.7 %)26.9 %
Healthcare306,343  289,703  273,106  329,818  320,611  23.1 %(4.5 %)
SNC69,515  77,319  85,932  118,460  107,156  (40.6 %)(35.1 %)
Non-SNC236,828  212,384  187,174  211,358  213,455  46.3 %10.9 %
Total institutional$408,713  $429,543  $406,492  $499,943  $495,342  (19.5 %)(17.5 %)
Commercial and industrial(1)
579,751  580,696  576,018  666,025  635,673  (0.7 %)(8.8 %)
Percent of institutional within
commercial and industrial
70 %74 %71 %75 %78 %
Total SNC$105,526  $136,658  $144,476  $231,216  $229,608  (91.6 %)(54.0 %)
Percent of total loans HFI3.7 %4.9 %5.2 %8.0 %8.1 %
*Annualized
(1) Loan balances are net of deferred loan fees and costs.

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Table of Contents
Institutional loans asset qualityMarch 31,
2020
December 31,
2019
September 30,
2019
June 30,
2019
March 31,
2019
Corporate loans$102,370  $139,840  $133,386  $170,125  $174,731  
Loans classified as criticized or worse—  17,608  17,598  —  —  
Loans criticized or worse as % of corporate loans— %12.6 %13.2 %— %— %
Loans requiring specific reserve$—  $17,608  $—  $—  $—  
Specific reserve—  13,894  —  —  —  
Specific reserve as % impaired corporate loans— %78.9 %— %— %— %
Net (charge-offs) recoveries$(20,428) $—  $—  $—  $—  
Healthcare loans$306,343  $289,703  $273,106  $329,818  $320,611  
Loans classified as criticized or worse33,735  21,517  21,554  20,699  27,750  
Loans criticized or worse as a % of healthcare loans11.0 %7.4 %7.9 %6.3 %8.7 %
Loans requiring specific reserve$6,592  $6,667  $—  $2,193  $9,177  
Specific reserve6,544  6,667  —  2,193  3,455  
Specific reserve as % of impaired healthcare loans99.3 %100.0 %— %100.0 %37.6 %
Net (charge-offs) recoveries$—  $—  $(1,691) $(7,563) $—  
Total institutional$408,713  $429,543  $406,492  $499,943  $495,342  

The repayment of loans is a source of additional liquidity for the Company. The following table sets forth the loans maturing within specific intervals at September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, excluding net unearned net fees and costs.

Loan Maturity Schedule

   September 30, 2017 
   One year
or less
   Over one
year to five
years
   Over five
years
   Total 

Real estate:

        

Construction and land development

  $276,021   $165,429   $73,484   $514,934 

Commercial

   28,239    154,309    416,685    599,233 

Residential

   37,849    116,899    377,547    532,295 

Commercial and industrial

   75,035    308,537    83,164    466,736 

Consumer and other

   2,249    1,281    403    3,933 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $419,393   $746,455   $951,283   $2,117,131 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Fixed interest rate

  $205,808   $306,701   $433,595   $946,104 

Variable interest rate

   213,585    439,754    517,688    1,171,027 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $419,393   $746,455   $951,283   $2,117,131 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

March 31, 2020
One year
or less
Over one
year to five
years
Over five
years
Total
Real estate:
Construction and land development$270,141  $197,995  $159,042  $627,178  
Commercial29,757  316,958  651,243  997,958  
Residential38,853  168,438  441,295  648,586  
Commercial and industrial70,535  424,807  86,256  581,598  
Consumer and other2,660  1,551  243  4,454  
Total$411,946  $1,109,749  $1,338,079  $2,859,774  
Fixed interest rate$119,827  $450,630  $448,928  $1,019,385  
Variable interest rate292,119  659,119  889,151  1,840,389  
Total$411,946  $1,109,749  $1,338,079  $2,859,774  
The information presented in the above table is based upon the contractual maturities of the individual loans, including loans which may be subject to renewal at their contractual maturity. Renewal of such loans is subject to review and credit approval, as well as modification of terms upon their maturity. Consequently, management believes this treatment presents fairly the maturity structure of the loan portfolio.

Allowance for Loan Losses

(ALLL)

The Company maintains an allowance for loan lossesALLL that management believes is adequate to absorb the probable incurred losses inherent in the Company’s loan portfolio. The allowance is increased by provisions for loan losses charged to earnings and is decreased by loan charge-offs net of recoveries of prior period loan charge-offs. The level of the allowance is determined on a quarterly
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basis, although management is engaged in monitoring the adequacy of the allowance on a more frequent basis. In estimating the allowance balance, the following factors are considered:

past loan experience;

the nature and volume of the portfolio;

risks known about specific borrowers;

underlying estimated values of collateral securing loans;

current and anticipated economic conditions; and

other factors which may affect the allowance for probable incurred losses.

The allowance for loan lossesALLL consists of two primary components: (1) a specific component which relates to loans that are individually classified as impairedimpaired; and (2) a general component which coversnon-impaired loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for current factors. The historical loss experience is determined by portfolio segment and is based on a combination of the Company’s loss history and loss history from peer group data over the past three years. This actual loss experience is supplemented with other economic factors based on the risks present for each portfolio segment.

The following loan portfolio segments have been identified: (1) Construction and land development loans,loans; (2) Commercial real estate loans,loans; (3) Residential real estate loans,loans; (4) Commercial and industrial loans,loans; and (5) Consumer and other loans. Management evaluates the risks associated with these segments based upon specific characteristics associated with the loan segments. These risk characteristics include, but are not limited to, the value of the underlying collateral, adverse economic conditions and the borrower’s cash flow. While the total allowance consists of a specific portion and a general portion, both portions of the allowance are available to provide for probable incurred loan losses in the entire portfolio.

In the table below, the components, as discussed above, of the allowance for loan lossesALLL are shown as of September 30, 2017at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2016.

  September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016  Increase (Decrease) 
  Loan
Balance
  ALLL
Balance
  %  Loan
Balance
  ALLL
Balance
  %  Loan
Balance
  ALLL
Balance
    

Non impaired loans

 $2,053,704  $18,922   0.92 $1,687,244  $15,506   0.92 $366,460  $3,416   —   

Non-PCI acquired loans (Note 1)

  57,663   11   0.02  74,373   23   0.03  (16,710  (12  -1 bps 

Impaired loans

  3,206   1,011   31.53  9,909   1,024   10.33  (6,703  (13  2,120 bps 
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Non-PCI loans

  2,114,573   19,944   0.94  1,771,526   16,553   0.93  343,047   3,391   bps 

PCI loans

  2,558   —     —    2,859   —     —    (301  —     —   
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total loans

 $2,117,131  $19,944   0.94 $1,774,385  $16,553   0.93 $342,746  $3,391   bps 
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Note 1: Loans acquired pursuant to2019.

March 31, 2020December 31, 2019Increase (Decrease)
HFI Loan
Balance(1)
ALLL
Balance
ALLL to % Total Loans HFI
HFI Loan
Balance(1)
ALLL
Balance
ALLL to % Total Loans HFILoan
Balance
ALLL
Balance
Non impaired loans$2,780,458  $31,587  1.14 %$2,730,684  $24,588  0.90 %$49,774  $6,999  24 bps
Acquired loans (2)
51,882  56  0.11 %58,745  77  0.13 %(6,863) (21) (2) bps
Impaired loans27,434  6,760  24.64 %27,035  20,771  76.83 %399  (14,011) (5,219) bps
Total loans$2,859,774  $38,403  1.34 %$2,816,464  $45,436  1.61 %$43,310  $(7,033) (27) bps
(1) HFI loan balance is before net deferred loan fees and costs.
(2) Acquired loans are performing loans recorded at estimated fair value at the acquisition date. Based on the analysis performed by management as of March 31, 2020, $56 in ALLL was recorded at March 31, 2020 related to the loans acquired.
At March 31, 2020, the July 1, 2014 acquisition of MidSouth Bank (“MidSouth”) that are not PCI loans. These are performing loans recorded at estimated fair value at the acquisition date. The fair value adjustment at the acquisition dateALLL was approximately $5,014 of the outstandingnon-PCI loan balances acquired. This amount is accreted into interest income over the remaining lives of the related loans on a level yield basis. Based on the analysis performed by management as of September 30, 2017, $11 in allowance for loan loss was recorded at September 30, 2017 related to the loans acquired from MidSouth.

At September 30, 2017, the allowance for loan losses was $19,944,$38,403, compared to $16,553$45,436 at December 31, 2016.2019. The allowance for loan lossesALLL as a percentage of total loans HFI was 0.94%1.34% at September 30, 2017 compared to 0.94%March 31, 2020 and 1.61% at December 31, 2016. Loan growth during2019. As of March 31, 2020, the first nine monthsCompany’s total non-performing assets ("NPAs") were 0.72% of 2017assets, or $27,434, a decrease of approximately $255 from December 31, 2019. The NPA/ALLL coverage ratio was 1.40 at March 31, 2020, a decrease of 24 basis points from the 1.64 coverage present at December 31, 2019. Criticized and Classified Assets were $53,125 at March 31, 2020, representing 1.86% of loans HFI, consistent with 1.86% of loans HFI at December 31, 2019.


Potential problem loans, which are not included in nonperforming assets, amounted to $20,260, or 0.71% of total loans held for investment at March 31, 2020, compared to $22,228, or 0.79% of total loans held for investment at December 31, 2019. Potential problem loans represent those loans where information about possible credit problems of borrowers has caused management to have doubts about the borrower’s ability to comply with present repayment terms. This definition is for substandard loans, which are still accruing interest and excluding the primary reason for the increase in the allowance amount.

impact of substandard nonaccrual loans.


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The table below sets forth the activity in the allowance for loan lossesALLL for the periods presented.

  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2017
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2016
 

Beginning balance

 $16,553  $11,587 

Loanscharged-off:

  

Construction & land development

  —     11 

Commercial real estate

  —     —   

Residential real estate

  1   39 

Commercial & industrial

  309   65 

Consumer & other

  36   35 
 

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total loanscharged-off

  346   150 

Recoveries on loans previouslycharged-off:

  

Construction & land development

  668   —   

Commercial real estate

  —     —   

Residential real estate

  38   53 

Commercial & industrial

  —     —   

Consumer & other

  13   5 
 

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total loan recoveries

  719   58 

Net recoveries (charge-offs)

  373   (92

Provision for loan losses charged to expense

  3,018   4,095 
 

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total allowance at end of period

 $19,944  $15,590 
 

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total loans, gross, at end of period(1)

 $2,117,131  $1,654,878 
 

 

 

  

 

 

 

Average gross loans(1)

 $1,966,635  $1,525,359 
 

 

 

  

 

 

 

Allowance to total loans

  0.94  0.94
 

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans, annualized

  (0.03%)   0.01
 

 

 

  

 

 

 

(1)Loan balances exclude loans held for sale

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2020
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2019
Beginning balance$45,436  $23,451  
Loans charged-off:
Residential real estate 15  
Commercial & industrial20,501  568  
Consumer & other21  70  
Total loans charged-off20,530  653  
Recoveries on loans previously charged-off:
Residential real estate  
Commercial & industrial468  —  
Consumer & other  
Total loan recoveries475   
Net charge-offs(20,055) (649) 
Provision for loan losses charged to expense13,022  5,055  
Total allowance at end of period$38,403  $27,857  
Total loans, gross, at end of period(1)
$2,859,774  $2,810,905  
Average gross loans(1)
$2,838,437  $2,764,675  
Allowance to total loans1.34 %0.99 %
Net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans, annualized2.84 %0.10 %
(1)Loan balances exclude loans held for sale
While no portion of the allowance is in any way restricted to any individual loan or group of loans, and the entire allowance is available to absorb losses from any and all loans, the following table summarizes the allocation of allowance for loan lossesALLL by loan category and loans in each category as a percentage of total loans, for the periods presented.

   September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 
   Amount   % of
Loans
to Total
  Amount   % of
Loans
to Total
 

Real estate loans:

       

Construction and land development

  $3,957    24.3 $3,776    27.6

Commercial

   5,223    28.3  4,266    28.0

Residential

   3,122    25.1  2,398    22.9
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total real estate

   12,302    77.7  10,440    78.5
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Commercial and industrial

   7,592    22.1  6,068    21.3

Consumer and other

   50    0.2  45    0.2
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $19,944    100.0 $16,553    100.0
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

March 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Amount% of
Loan Segment to Total Loans
Amount% of
Loan Segment to Total Loans
Real estate loans:
Construction and land development$6,417  21.9 %$4,847  21.0 %
Commercial9,018  34.9  8,113  35.3  
Residential4,767  22.7  4,462  22.8  
Total real estate20,202  79.5  17,422  79.1  
Commercial and industrial18,146  20.3  27,957  20.7  
Consumer and other55  0.2  57  0.2  
$38,403  100.0 %$45,436  100.0 %
Nonperforming Assets

Non-performing loans consist ofnon-accrual loans and loans that are past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest.Non-performing assets consist ofnon-performing loans plus OREO (i.e.,foreclosed real estate acquired through foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure).estate. Loans that becomeare placed on non-accrual status when they are past due 90 days are reviewed to determine if they should be placed onnon-accrual status. Loans where,and/or management believes the borrower’s financial condition, after giving consideration to economic conditions collateral value, and collection efforts, the fullis such that collection of principal and interest is in doubt, or a portion of principal has been charged off, will be placed onnon-accrual.doubtful. When a loan is placed onnon-accrual status, interest accruals cease, and uncollected interest is reversed and charged against current income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash-basis, or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.

The primary component ofnon-performing loans isnon-accrual loans, which as of September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 totaled $2,582. The other component ofnon-performing loans are$27,434. At March 31, 2020, there were no loans past due greater than 90 days and still accruing interest.interest which is the other component of non-performing loans. Loans past due greater than 90 days are placed onnon-accrual status, unless they are both well-secured and in the process of collection. There were outstanding loans totaling $278 that were past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest at September 30, 2017.

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The table below summarizesnon-performing loans and assets for the periods presented.

   September 30,
2017
  December 31,
2016
 

Non-accrual loans

  $2,582  $3,630 

Past due loans 90 days or more and still accruing interest

   278   2,552 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Totalnon-performing loans

   2,860   6,182 

Foreclosed real estate (“OREO”)

   1,503   —   
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Totalnon-performing assets

   4,363   6,182 

Totalnon-performing loans as a percentage of total loans

   0.1  0.3

Totalnon-performing assets as a percentage of total assets

   0.1  0.2

Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of

non-performing loans

   697  268

March 31,
2020
December 31,
2019
Non-accrual loans$27,434  $27,035  
Past due loans 90 days or more and still accruing interest—  654  
Total non-performing loans27,434  27,689  
Foreclosed real estate and repossessed assets—  —  
Total non-performing assets27,434  27,689  
Total non-performing loans as a percentage of total loans0.96 %0.98 %
Total non-performing assets as a percentage of total assets0.72 %0.71 %
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of non-performing loans140 %164 %
As of September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, there were three 30loans onnon-accrual status. The amount and number are further delineated by collateral categoryloan segment and number of loans in the table below.

   Total Amount   Percentage of Total
Non-Accrual Loans
  Number of
Non-Accrual
Loans
 

Construction & land development

  $—      —    —   

Commercial real estate

   116    4.5  1 

Residential real estate

   —      —    —   

Commercial & industrial

   2,466    95.5  2 

Consumer

   —      —    —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Totalnon-accrual loans

  $2,582    100.0  3 
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total AmountPercentage of Total Non-Accrual
Loans
Number of
Non-Accrual
Loans
Commercial real estate$3,460  12.6 % 
Residential real estate3,255  11.9  11  
Commercial & industrial20,719  75.5  18  
Total non-accrual loans$27,434  100.0 %30  
Investment Securities and Other Earning Assets

The investment securities portfolio is intended to provide the Company with adequate liquidity flexible asset/liability management and a source of stable income. The portfolio is structured with minimal credit exposure to the Company and consists of both securities classified asavailable-for-sale and securities classified asheld-to-maturity. AFS. Allavailable-for sale AFS securities are carried at fair value and may be used for liquidity purposes should management deem it to be in the Company’s best interest. Securitiesavailable-for-sale, AFS, consisting primarily of U.S. government sponsored enterprises and mortgage-backed securities, were $980,737totaled $543,225 at September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, compared to $754,755$652,132 at December 31, 2016, an increase2019, a decrease of $225,982,$108,907, or 29.9%16.7%. The increasedecrease inavailable-for-sale AFS securities was primarily attributed to the volume of securities purchasedsecurity sales during the first ninethree months of 2017.

Theheld-to-maturityended March 31, 2020.

There were no HTM securities are carried at amortized cost. This portfolio, consisting of U.S. government sponsored enterprises, mortgage-backed securities and municipal securities, totaled $217,312 at September 30, 2017, compared to $228,894 atMarch 31, 2020, or December 31, 2016, a decrease of $11,582, or 5.1%. The decrease is attributable to securities that matured or had principal pay downs during the first nine months of 2017.

The combined portfolios represented 33.6% and 33.4% of total assets at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. At September 30, 2017, the Company had no securities that were classified as having other than temporary impairment.

2019.

The Company also had other investments of $18,472$24,844 and $11,843$24,802 at September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2016,2019, respectively, primarily consisting of capital stock in the Federal Reserve and the Federal Home Loan Bank (requiredrequired as members of the Federal Reserve Bank System (“FRB”) and the Federal Home Loan Bank System)System (“FHLB”). The Federal Home Loan BankFHLB and Federal ReserveFRB investments are “restricted” in that they can only be sold back to the respective institutions or another member institution at par, and are thus, not liquid, have no ready market or quoted market value, and are carried at cost.

Bank Premises and Equipment

Bank premises and equipment totaled $11,217$48,470 at September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 compared to $9,551$12,141 at December 31, 2016,2019, an increase of $1,666, or 17.4%. This increase was$36,329, due to the resultpurchase of adding leasehold improvementsthe properties at Columbia Avenue and furniture and equipment as needed in the normal course of business and related to thebuild-out of a new leased bank office building in Murfreesboro, Tennessee, a new leased office space120 9th Avenue locations in Franklin, Tennessee, and a new leased bank building located in Spring Hill, Tennessee.

Deposits

Deposits representtherefore ending the Company’s largest source of funds. Thelease agreements by the Company competes with other bank and nonbank institutions for deposits, as well as with a growing number ofnon-deposit investment alternatives available to depositors, such as mutual funds, money market funds, annuities, and other brokerage investment products. Challenges to deposit growth include price changes on deposit products given movements in the rate environment and other competitive pricing pressures, and customer preferences regarding higher-costing deposit products ornon-deposit investment alternatives.

February 5, 2020.

Deposits
At September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, total deposits were $2,824,825, an increase$3,137,471, a decrease of $433,007,$70,113, or 18.1%,8.8% annualized, compared to $2,391,818$3,207,584 at December 31, 2016. The growth in deposits is attributable to growth in time deposits and noninterest-bearing deposits.

2019. Included in the Company’s funding strategy are brokered deposits, public funds deposits and reciprocal deposits. Total brokered deposits increased from $472,515decreased $97,866, or 62.3% annualized, to $534,375 at March 31, 2020, when compared with $632,241 at December 31, 20162019, which reflects the Company’s strategy to $878,565reduce its dependence on non-core funding. Public funds deposits decreased $58,734, or 61.1% annualized, to $328,169 at September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020 when compared with $386,903 at December 31, 2019 due to the increased need for funding for the Bank’s loan growth and dueCompany’s strategy to the fluctuation in certain brokered deposits that are interest-bearing checking and money market accounts that can fluctuate daily.

Public funds deposits in the form of county deposits are a partredirect some of the Company’s funding strategy and are cyclical in nature, withlocal government customers into the peak ofreciprocal account relationships, thereby decreasing the Company’s requirements to collateralize those deposit balances occurring during the middle of the first quarter of each calendar year. Publicpublic funds declined $214,866,deposits. As a result, reciprocal deposits increased $67,099, or 32.9%, from $653,57256.0% annualized, to $548,840 at March 31, 2020, compared to $481,741 at December 31, 2016 to $438,706 at September 30, 2017.

2019.

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Time deposits, excluding brokered deposits and public funds, as of September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, amounted to $736,067,$384,178, compared to $555,732$399,258 as of December 31, 2016, an increase2019, a decrease of $180,335,$15,080, or 32.4%, primarily due to an increase in Local Government Investment Pool (LGIP) deposits of $185,030 during the first nine months of 2017.Non-public funds money market accounts, excluding brokered deposits, increased $90,039, or 33.8%, from December 31, 2016 to September 30, 2017. Noninterest-bearing checking deposits grew $23,396, or 10.0%, andnon-public funds interest checking accounts, excluding brokered deposits, grew $12,560, or 11.0%, respectively, when comparing deposit balances from September 30, 2017 with balances at December 31, 2016.

15.2% annualized.

The following table shows time deposits in denominations of $100 or more based on time remaining until maturity:

   September 30,
2017
 

Three months or less

  $448,951 

Three through six months

   92,911 

Six through twelve months

   76,147 

Over twelve months

   151,497 
  

 

 

 

Total

  $769,506 
  

 

 

 

March 31,
2020
Three months or less$70,103 
Three through six months57,377 
Six through twelve months82,817 
Over twelve months119,611 
Total$329,908 
Federal Funds Purchased and Repurchase Agreements

As of September 30, 2017, the

The Company had $0 inno federal funds purchased from correspondent banks compared to $46,805 outstandingor repurchase agreements as of March 31, 2020, and December 31, 2016. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase had an outstanding balance of $32,862 as of September 30, 2017, compared to $36,496 as of December 31, 2016. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are financing arrangements that mature daily or within a short period of time. At maturity, the securities underlying the agreements are returned to the Company.

2019.

Federal Home Loan Bank Advances

The Company has established a line of credit with the Federal Home BankFHLB of Cincinnati which is secured by a blanket pledge of1-4 family residential mortgages and home equity lines of credit. At September 30, 2017March 31, 2020 and at December 31, 2016,2019 advances totaled $337,000$135,000 and $132,000, respectively.

At September 30, 2017,$155,000, respectively, and the scheduled maturities and interest rates of these advances were as follows:

Scheduled Maturities

  Amount   Weighted
Average Rates
 

2017

  $75,000    1.17

2018

   157,000    1.19

2019

   50,000    1.41

2020

   55,000    1.72
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $337,000    1.31
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Scheduled MaturitiesAmount
Weighted
Average Rates
2020$135,000  1.13 %
Subordinated Notes

At September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, the Company’s subordinated notes, net of issuance costs, totaled $58,470,$58,916 compared with $58,337$58,872 at December 31, 2016.2019. For more information related to the subordinated notes and the related issuance costs, please see Note 1012 of the consolidated financial statements.

Liquidity

Liquidity is defined as the ability to meet anticipated customer demands for funds under credit commitments and deposit withdrawals at a reasonable cost and on a timely basis.

Liquidity risk involves the risk of being unable to fund assets with the appropriate duration and rate-based liabilities, as well as the risk of not being able to meet unexpected cash needs. Liquidity planning and management are necessary to ensure the ability to fund operations cost-effectively and to meet current and future potential obligations such as loan commitments, lease obligations, and unexpected deposit outflows. In this process, management focuses on both assets and liabilities and on the manner in which they combine to provide adequate liquidity to meet the Company’s needs. Our source of funds to pay interest on our subordinated notesMarch 2016 Subordinated Notes and June 2016 Subordinated Notes is generally in the form of a dividend from the Bank to the Company, or those payments may be serviced from cash balances held by the Company. Under the terms of the informal agreement with the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta (the “Reserve Bank”) and the Tennessee Department of Financial Institutions (“TDFI”), described in “Other Events” below, the Bank is required to receive prior written approval from its regulatory agenciesThe Bank’s ability to pay dividendsa dividend may be restricted due to regulatory requirements as well as the Company.

Bank’s future earnings and capital needs.

Funds are available from a number of basic banking activity sources including the core deposit base, the repayment and maturity of loans, payments of principal and interest as well as sales of investments classified asavailable-for-sale, AFS, and sales of brokered deposits. As of September 30, 2017, $980,737March 31, 2020, $543,225 of the investment securities portfolio was classified asavailable-for-sale AFS and is reported at fair value on the consolidated balance sheet. Another $217,312 of the portfolio was classified asheld-to-maturity and is reported at amortized cost. Approximately $944,463$287,371 of the total $1,198,049$543,225 investment securities portfolio on hand at September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, was pledged to secure public deposits and repurchase agreements. Other funding sources available include repurchase agreements, federal funds purchased, and borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank and the Federal Reserve Bank.

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Table of Contents
Equity

As of September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, the Company’s equity was $303,697,$408,848, as compared with $270,361$410,426 as of December 31, 2016.2019. The increase$1,578 decrease in equity was primarily due tomainly driven by the Company’s earningsCompany's net loss of $25,697$1,148 and dividends paid of $893 in the first ninethree months ended March 31, 2020.
On January 23, 2019, our board of 2017, the increase indirectors announced they had authorized a share repurchase program for up to $30,000 of our outstanding common stock of $3,288 during the first nine months of 2017,stock. The repurchase program expired on January 23, 2020, and the $4,359 increase in other comprehensive income from the increase in the valuation of available for sale securities.

no additional shares were purchased after December 31, 2019.

Effects ofon Inflation and Changing Prices

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, which require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering the change in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. Unlike most industrial companies, virtually all of the assets and liabilities of a financial institution are monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates generally have a more significant impact on the performance of a financial institution than the effects of general levels of inflation. Although interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or to the same extent as the prices of goods and services, increases in inflation generally have resulted in increased interest rates. In addition, inflation affects financial institutions’ increased cost of goods and services purchased, the cost of salaries and benefits, occupancy expense, and similar items. Inflation and related increases in interest rates generally decrease the market value of investments and loans held and may adversely affect liquidity, earnings, and shareholders’ equity. Commercial and other loan originations and refinancingsrefinancing tend to slow as interest rates increase, and can reduce the Company’s earnings from such activities.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company generally does not have anyoff-balance sheet arrangements other than approved and unfunded loans andunused lines andof credit, outstanding standby letters of credit, and outstanding mortgage loan commitments to customers in the ordinary course of business. At September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, the Company had unfunded loan commitments outstanding of $43,611, unused lines of credit of $563,178, and$738,189, outstanding standby letters of credit of $41,523.

$53,263, and outstanding mortgage loan commitments of $156,421.

GAAP Reconciliation and Management Explanation ofNon-GAAP Financial Measures

Some of the financial data included in our selected historical consolidated financial information are not measures of financial performance recognized by GAAP. Our management uses thesenon-GAAP financial measures in its analysis of our performance:

“Common shareholders’ equity” is defined as total shareholders’ equity at end of period less the liquidation preference value of the preferred stock;

“Tangible common shareholders’ equity” is common shareholders’ equity less goodwill and other intangible assets;

“Total tangible assets” is defined as total assets less goodwill and other intangible assets;

“Other intangible assets” is defined as the sum of core deposit intangible and SBA servicing rights;

“Tangible book value per share” is defined as tangible common shareholders’ equity divided by total common shares outstanding. This measure is important to investors interested in changes fromperiod-to-period in book value per share exclusive of changes in intangible assets; and

“Tangible common shareholders’ equity ratio” is defined as the ratio of tangible common shareholders’ equity divided by total tangible assets. We believe that this measure is important to many investors in the marketplace who are interested in relative changes fromperiod-to period in common equity and total assets, each exclusive of changes in intangible assets;

“Return on Average Tangible Common Equity” is defined as net income available to common shareholders divided by average tangible common shareholders’ equity; andequity.

“Efficiency ratio” is defined as noninterest expenses divided by our operating revenue, which is equal to net interest income plus noninterest income.

We believe thesenon-GAAP financial measures provide useful information to management and investors that is supplementary to our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows computed in accordance with GAAP; however, we acknowledge that ournon-GAAP financial measures have a number of limitations. As such, you should not view these disclosures as a substitute for results determined in accordance with GAAP, and they are not necessarily comparable tonon-GAAP financial measures that other companies use.

The following reconciliation table provides a more detailed analysis of thesenon-GAAP financial measures:

(Amounts in thousands, except share/per share data and

percentages)

  As of or for the Three Months Ended 
  Sept 30,
2017
  Jun 30,
2017
  Mar 31,
2017
  Dec 31,
2016
  Sept 30,
2016
 

Total shareholders’ equity

  $303,594  $292,918  $278,407  $270,258  $209,644 

Less: Preferred stock

   —     —     —     —     —   
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total common shareholders’ equity

   303,594   292,918   278,407   270,258   209,644 

Less: Goodwill and other intangible assets

   10,294   10,356   10,477   10,633   10,774 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Tangible common shareholders’ equity

  $293,300  $282,562  $267,930  $259,625  $198,870 

Common shares outstanding

   13,209,055   13,181,501   13,064,110   13,036,954   10,757,483 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Tangible book value per share

  $22.20  $21.44  $20.51  $19.91  $18.49 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Average total common equity

   298,088   285,659  $272,713  $235,984  $206,009 

Less: Average Goodwill and other intangible assets

   10,321   10,427   10,565   10,719   10,855 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Average tangible common shareholders’ equity

  $287,767  $275,232  $262,148  $225,265  $195,154 

Net income available to common shareholders

   8,889   8,866   7,934   7,179   7,137 

Average tangible common equity

   287,767   275,232   262,148   225,265   195,154 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Return on average tangible common equity

   12.26  12.92  12.27  12.68  14.55
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Efficiency Ratio:

      

Net interest income

  $24,326  $24,469  $23,643  $21,699  $20,675 

Noninterest income

   3,569   3,880   4,008   2,553   4,876 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Operating revenue

   27,895   28,349   27,651   24,252   25,551 

Expense

      

Total noninterest expense

   15,278   15,283   14,276   13,229   13,708 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Efficiency ratio

   54.77  53.91  51.63  54.55  53.65
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

50

Table of Contents
As of or for the Three Months Ended
(Amounts in thousands, except share/per share data and percentages)March 31,
2020
December 31, 2019September 30, 2019June 30,
2019
March 31,
2019
Total shareholders’ equity$408,755  $410,333  $408,168  $393,516  $383,421  
Less: Preferred stock—  —  —  —  —  
Total common equity408,755  410,333  408,168  393,516  383,421  
Common shares outstanding14,859,704  14,821,594  14,636,484  14,628,287  14,574,339  
Book value per share$27.51  $27.68  $27.89  $26.90  $26.31  
Total common equity408,755  410,333  408,168  393,516  383,421  
Less: Goodwill and other intangible assets18,555  18,652  18,763  18,885  19,020  
Tangible common equity$390,200  $391,681  $389,405  $374,631  $364,401  
Common shares outstanding14,859,704  14,821,591  14,636,484  14,628,287  14,574,339  
Tangible book value per share$26.26  $26.43  $26.61  $25.61  $25.00  
Average total common equity416,518  414,251  399,096  388,460  377,116  
Less: Average Preferred stock—  —  —  —  —  
Less: Average Goodwill and other intangible assets18,615  18,809  18,763  18,971  19,109  
Average tangible common shareholders’ equity$397,903  $395,442  $380,333  $369,489  $358,007  
Net income available to common shareholders(1,148) (4,592) 11,324  5,173  2,901  
Average tangible common equity397,903  395,442  380,333  369,489  358,007  
Return on average tangible common equity(1)
(1.2)%(4.6)%11.8 %5.6 %3.3 %
Efficiency Ratio:
Net interest income$27,464  $28,113  $28,262  $27,365  $27,420  
Noninterest income5,893  4,573  4,793  4,923  3,486  
Operating revenue33,357  32,686  33,055  32,288  30,906  
Expense
Total noninterest expense22,421  21,279  18,614  19,370  22,616  
Efficiency ratio(2)
67.2 %65.1 %56.3 %60.0 %73.2 %
(1)Annualized
(2)Efficiency ratio (GAAP) is calculated by dividing reported noninterest expense by reported total revenue
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Table of Contents
FRANKLIN FINANCIAL NETWORK, INC.

SUMMARY QUARTERLY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data and percentages)

   As of and for the three months ended 
   Sept 30, 2017  Jun 30, 2017   Mar 31, 2017   Dec 31, 2016   Sept 30, 2016 

Income Statement Data ($):

 

      

Interest income

   33,780   33,011    30,541    27,336    25,724 

Interest expense

   9,454   8,542    6,898    5,637    5,049 

Net interest income

   24,326   24,469    23,643    21,699    20,675 

Provision for loan losses

   590   573    1,855    1,145    1,392 

Noninterest income

   3,569   3,880    4,008    2,553    4,876 

Noninterest expense

   15,278   15,283    14,276    13,229    13,708 

Net income before taxes

   12,027   12,493    11,520    9,878    10,451 

Income tax expense(1)

   3,138   3,619    3,586    2,699    3,314 

Net income(1)

   8,889   8,874    7,934    7,179    7,137 

Earnings before interest and taxes

   21,481   21,035    18,418    15,515    15,500 

Net income available to common shareholders

   8,889   8,866    7,934    7,179    7,137 

Weighted average diluted common shares

   13,773,539   13,701,762    13,657,357    12,473,725    11,415,422 

Earnings per share, basic

   0.67   0.68    0.61    0.61    0.67 

Earnings per share, diluted

   0.65   0.64    0.58    0.58    0.63 

Profitability (%)

         

Return on average assets

   1.03   1.03    0.99    1.00    1.07 

Return on average equity

   11.83   12.46    11.80    12.10    13.78 

Return on average tangible common equity(3)

   12.26   12.92    12.27    12.68    14.55 

Efficiency ratio(3)

   54.77   53.91    51.63    54.55    53.65 

Net interest margin(4)

   3.05   3.08    3.18    3.27    3.34 

Balance Sheet Data ($):

         

Loans (including HFS)

   2,127,753   2,023,679    1,962,397    1,797,291    1,680,877 

Loan loss reserve

   19,944   18,689    18,105    16,553    15,590 

Cash

   155,842   96,741    114,664    90,927    56,804 

Securities

   1,198,049   1,243,406    1,299,349    983,649    905,806 

Goodwill

   9,124   9,124    9,124    9,124    9,124 

Intangible assets (Sum of core deposit intangible and SBA servicing rights)

   1,170   1,232    1,353    1,509    1,650 

Assets

   3,565,278   3,443,593    3,454,788    2,943,189    2,703,195 

Deposits

   2,824,825   2,754,425    2,817,212    2,391,818    2,217,954 

Liabilities

   3,261,581   3,150,572    3,176,278    2,672,828    2,493,551 

Total equity

   303,697   293,021    278,510    270,361    209,644 

Common equity

   303,594   292,918    278,407    270,258    209,644 

Tangible common equity(3)

   293,300   282,562    267,930    259,625    198,870 

Asset Quality (%)

         

Nonperforming loans/ total loans(2)

   0.14   0.19    0.21    0.35    0.10 

Nonperforming assets / (total loans(2) + foreclosed assets)

   0.21   0.26    0.27    0.35    0.10 

Loan loss reserve / total loans(2)

   0.94   0.93    0.93    0.93    0.94 

Net charge-offs / average loans

   (0.13  0.00    0.07    0.04    0.01 

Capital (%)

         

Tangible common equity to tangible assets(3)

   8.25   8.23    7.78    8.85    7.39 

Leverage ratio

   8.58   8.21    8.36    9.28    7.15 

Common Equity Tier 1 ratio

   11.58   11.54    11.32    11.75    9.09 

Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio

   11.58   11.54    11.32    11.75    9.09 

Total risk-based capital ratio

   14.68   14.69    14.51    15.09    12.66 

(1)This item reflects the retrospective adoption
As of and for the three months ended
March 31,
2020
December 31,
2019
September 30,
2019
June 30,
2019
March 31,
2019
Income Statement Data:
Interest income$41,607  $43,185  $46,531  $47,453  $47,523  
Interest expense14,143  15,072  18,269  20,088  20,103  
Net interest income27,464  28,113  28,262  27,365  27,420  
Provision for loan losses13,022  18,961  1,000  7,031  5,055  
Noninterest income5,893  4,573  4,793  4,923  3,486  
Noninterest expense22,421  21,279  18,614  19,370  22,616  
Net income (loss) before taxes(2,086) (7,554) 13,441  5,887  3,235  
Income tax (benefit) expense(938) (2,970) 2,117  706  334  
Net income (loss)(1,148) (4,584) 11,324  5,181  2,901  
Pre-tax pre-provision profit10,936  11,407  14,441  12,918  8,290  
Earnings before interest and taxes12,057  7,518  31,710  25,975  23,338  
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders(1,148) (4,592) 11,324  5,173  2,901  
Weighted average diluted common shares14,758,960  14,633,399  14,991,363  14,894,140  14,804,830  
Earnings per share, basic(0.08) (0.31) 0.77  0.35  0.20  
Earnings per share, diluted(0.08) (0.31) 0.75  0.34  0.19  
Dividend per share0.06  0.06  0.04  0.04  0.04  
Profitability (%)
Return on average assets(0.12)%(0.48)%1.12 %0.51 %0.28 %
Return on average equity(1.1)%(4.4)%11.3 %5.3 %3.1 %
Return on average tangible common equity(3)
(1.2)%(4.6)%11.8 %5.6 %3.3 %
Efficiency ratio67.2 %65.1 %56.3 %60.0 %73.2 %
Net interest margin(1)
3.0 %2.8 %3.0 %2.8 %2.8 %
Balance Sheet Data ($):
Loans (including HFS)$2,898,450  $2,855,606  $2,852,803  $2,907,526  $2,829,107  
Loan loss reserve38,403  45,436  26,474  27,443  27,857  
Cash173,482  234,991  178,747  150,721  300,113  
Securities543,225  652,132  612,371  834,095  918,132  
Goodwill18,176  18,176  18,176  18,176  18,176  
Intangible assets (Sum of core deposit intangible and SBA servicing rights)379  476  587  709  844  
Assets3,791,601  3,896,162  3,818,324  4,071,971  4,238,436  
Deposits3,137,471  3,207,584  3,061,950  3,146,645  3,315,843  
Liabilities3,382,753  3,485,736  3,410,063  3,678,362  3,854,922  
Total shareholders' equity408,755  410,333  408,168  393,516  383,421  
Total equity408,848  410,426  408,261  393,609  383,514  
Tangible common equity(3)
390,200  391,681  374,631  374,631  364,401  
Asset Quality (%)
Nonperforming loans/ total loans(2)
0.96 %0.98 %0.11 %0.16 %0.42 %
Nonperforming assets / (total loans(2)
     and foreclosed assets)
0.96 %0.98 %0.11 %0.16 %0.42 %
Loan loss reserve / total loans(2)
1.34 %1.61 %0.95 %0.95 %0.99 %
Net charge-offs (recoveries) / average loans HFI(4)
2.84 %0.00 %0.27 %1.04 %0.10 %
Capital (%)
Tangible common equity to tangible assets(3)
10.3 %10.1 %10.2 %9.2 %8.6 %
Leverage ratio10.1 %10.3 %9.8 %9.2 %8.8 %
52

Common Equity Tier 1 ratio12.0 %11.9 %12.0 %11.2 %11.3 %
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio12.0 %11.9 %12.0 %11.2 %11.3 %
Total risk-based capital ratio15.0 %15.0 %14.7 %13.7 %14.0 %
(1)Net interest margins shown in the table above include tax-equivalent adjustments to adjust interest income on tax-exempt loans and tax-exempt investment securities to a fully taxable basis.
(2)Total loans in this ratio exclude loans held for sale.
(3)See Non-GAAP table in the preceding pages.
(4)Annualized.
Termination of Accounting Standard Update2016-09 during fourth quarter 2016, which impacted previously reported quarterly earnings and/or earnings per share (“EPS”) in 2016, as follows: third quarter 2016 – decreased income tax expense by $107 and increased diluted EPS by $0.01.
(2)Total loans in this ratio exclude loans held for sale.
(3)SeeNon-GAAP table in the preceding pages.
(4)Net interest margins shown in the table above includetax-equivalent adjustments to adjust interest income ontax-exempt loans andtax-exempt investment securities to a fully taxable basis.

Emerging Growth Company Status

The Company is an “emerging growth company,”

Effective as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. In addition, even ifDecember 31, 2019, the Company complies with the greater obligations of public companies that are not emerging growth companies, the Company may avail itself of the reduced requirements applicable to emerging growth companies from time to time in the future, so long as the Company is an emerging growth company. The Company will continueceased to be an emerging growth company until the earliest to occur of: (1) the end of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the effectiveness of our Registration Statement on FormS-4, which was declared effective by the SEC on May 14, 2014; (2) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have more than $1.07 billion in annual revenues; (3) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” under the Exchange Act; or (4) the date on which we have, during the previous three-year period, issued publicly or privately, more than $1.0 billion innon-convertible debt securities. Management cannot predict if investors will find the Company’s common stock less attractive because it will rely on these exemptions. If some investors find the Company’s common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for its common stock and the Company’s stock price may be more volatile.

Further, the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply tonon-emerging growth companies but any such an election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, it adopts the new or revised standard at the time public companies adopt the new or revised standard. This election is irrevocable.

Other Events

On October 18, 2017, the Bank received regulatory approval from the Reserve Bank to open a new branch at 1605 Medical Center Parkway, Murfreesboro, Tennessee. The TDFI previously approved this new branch on July 14, 2017. The Bank plans to open this new branch during the fourth quarter of 2017.

On November 3, 2016, the Bank entered into an informal agreement with the Reserve Bank and the TDFI in the form of a Memorandum of Understanding (“MOU”). Under the terms of the MOU, the Bank agreed, among other things, to (1) enhance and periodically update its Commercial Real Estate (“CRE”) concentration risk management policy; (2) augment credit risk management practices; and (3) enhance capital and liquidity plans. The Bank has also agreed that it will seek prior written approval of the Reserve Bank and the TDFI to pay dividends to the Company, which dividends are used primarily for the purpose of servicing the Company’s subordinated debt. In addition, the Company currently may not make interest payments on its subordinated debt without prior written approval from its primary regulatory agencies.

The Company has also executed an agreement with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Agreement”) under section 4(m)(2) of the Bank Holding Company Act, which includes specific actions designed to address the Bank’s risk profile and to strengthen the underlying condition of the Bank. Until the Bank and Company satisfy the requirements of the MOU and the Agreement, any plans for business combinations or location expansion will be limited and subject to prior written approval from the appropriate regulatory body.

ITEM 3.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

company.


ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.
The Company’s primary component of market risk is interest rate volatility. Fluctuations in interest rates will ultimately impact both the level of income and expense recorded on a large portion of the Company’s assets and liabilities, and the market value of all interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, other than those which possess a short term to maturity. Based upon the nature of the Company’s operations, the Company is not subject to foreign currency exchange or commodity price risk.

Management seeks to maintain profitability in both immediate and long-term earnings through funds management/interest rate risk management. Interest rate risk (sensitivity) management deals with the potential impact on earnings associated with changing interest rates using various rate change (shock) scenarios. The Company’s rate sensitivity position has an important impact on earnings. Senior management monitors the Company’s rate sensitivity position throughout each month, and then the Asset Liability Committee (“ALCO”) of the Bank meets on a quarterly basis to analyze the rate sensitivity position and other aspects of asset/liability management. These meetings cover the spread between the cost of funds (primarily time deposits) and interest yields generated primarily through loans and investments, rate shock analyses, liquidity and dependency positions, and other areas necessary for proper balance sheet management.

Management believes interest rate risk is best measured by earnings simulation modeling. The simulation is run using the prime rate as the base with the assumption of rates increasing 100, 200, 300 and 400 basis points or decreasing 100 and 200 basis points. All rates are increased or decreased parallel to the change in prime rate. As a result of the simulation, over a12-month time period ended September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, net interest income was estimated to decrease 3.02%2.73% and 7.13%3.94% if rates were to increase 100 basis points and 200 basis points, respectively, and was estimated to increase 1.26%3.55% and decrease 5.25%0.99% in a 100 basis points and 200 basis points declining rate assumption, respectively. These results are in line with the Company’s guidelines for rate sensitivity.

The following chart reflects the Company’s sensitivity to changes in interest rates as indicated as of September 30, 2017.

Projected Interest

Rate Change

  Net Interest
Income
   Net Interest Income $
Change from Base
   % Change
from Base
 

-200

   90,629    (5,024   (5.25%) 

-100

   96,857    1,205    1.26

Base

   95,652    —      0.00

+100

   92,762    (2,890   (3.02%) 

+200

   88,832    (6,820   (7.13%) 

+300

   84,852    (10,800   (11.29%) 

+400

   81,364    (14,288   (14.94%) 

March 31, 2020.

Projected Interest Rate Change
Net Interest
Income $
Net Interest Income $ Change from Base
% Change
from Base
-200124,339  1,213  0.99 %
-100127,503  4,377  3.55 %
Base123,126  —  — %
+100119,767  (3,359) (2.73)%
+200118,276  (4,850) (3.94)%
+300117,799  (5,327) (4.33)%
+400117,546  (5,580) (4.53)%
The preceding sensitivity analysis is a modeling analysis, which changes periodically and consists of hypothetical estimates based upon numerous assumptions including interest rate levels, changes in the shape of the yield curve, prepayments on loans and securities, rates on loans and deposits, reinvestments of pay downs and maturities of loans, investments and deposits, changes in spreads between key market rates, and other assumptions. In addition, there is no input for growth or a change in asset mix. While assumptions are developed based on the current economic and market conditions, the Company cannot make any assurances as to the predictive nature of these assumptions, including how customer preferences or competitor influences
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might change. As market conditions vary from those assumed in the sensitivity analysis, actual results will differ. Also, these results do not include any management action that might be taken in responding to or anticipating changes in interest rates. Accordingly, the modeling analysis may not be an accurate indicator of how our net interest income will be affected by changes in interest rates as the inputs utilized by management may be inaccurate. The simulation results are one indicator of interest rate risk, and actual net interest income is largely impacted by the allocation of assets, liabilities, and product mix.

ITEM 4.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

The model is a tool to indicate earnings trends in given interest rate scenarios and does not indicate actual expected results.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Company’s chief executive officermanagement, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and chief financial officer haveChief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures” (as that term is defined in Rule13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act)Act of 1934, as amended (the"Exchange Act")) as of September 30, 2017,March 31, 2020, the end of the fiscal quarter covered by this Quarterly Report on Form10-Q. Based on the evaluation of these disclosure controls and procedures, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, evaluation,due to the ongoing efforts to remediate the material weakness in its internal control over financial reporting identified in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 as described in more detail below, the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of the end of the period covered by this report in ensuring that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is (i) accumulated and communicated to the Company's management, including its chief executive officer and chief financial officer, have concluded thatas appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, and (ii) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the Company’s disclosure controlstime periods specified in the SEC's rules and procedures are effective.

forms.

(b) Changes in Internal Controls. There has beenOther than as described below in regards to our ongoing efforts to fully remediate the material weakness identified in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal quarter covered by this Quarterly Report on Form10-Q that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Previously Identified Material Weakness
Based on the assessment of the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, as described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, management concluded that the Company did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019 due to a material weakness arising from certain control deficiencies existing during 2019 related to the Company’s precision of review regarding the valuation of impaired loans. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. As stated in the 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K, management concluded that the existence of this material weakness did not result in a restatement of prior period financial statements and no change in previously issued financial results were required as a result of this material weakness in internal control.
Remediation of Material Weakness

The Company has made progress toward remediation of the underlying causes of the above-described material weakness in 2019. However, the identified material weakness in internal control over financial reporting will not be considered fully addressed until the internal controls over this area have been in operation for a sufficient period of time for the Company’s management to conclude that the material weakness has been fully remediated. The Company will continue to evaluate these internal controls throughout 2020 to ensure the remediation efforts are working as designed. As a result, the Company may alter its control structure to enhance these and other related controls in this area, but the Company’s evaluation as to full remediation will primarily involve an ongoing review of its current control structure to make sure the controls in this area are being performed as designed by the individuals responsible for performance of these controls. Once this evaluation is complete, the Company will make its final determination as to full remediation.
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PART II OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
Management is not aware of any material pending legal proceedings against the Company which, if determined adversely, the Company believes would have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

ITEM 1A.RISK FACTORS

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.
There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in our Annual Report on Form10-K filed with the SEC on March 16, 2017.

2020, with the exception of:


The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and measures intended to prevent its spread could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition, and such effects will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and are difficult to predict.

Global health concerns relating to the COVID-19 outbreak and related government actions taken to reduce the spread of the virus have been weighing on the macroeconomic environment, and the outbreak has significantly increased economic uncertainty and reduced economic activity. The outbreak has resulted in authorities implementing numerous measures to try to contain the virus, such as travel bans and restrictions, quarantines, shelter in place or total lock-down orders and business limitations and shutdowns. Such measures have significantly contributed to rising unemployment and negatively impacted consumer and business spending. The United States government has taken steps to attempt to mitigate some of the more severe anticipated economic effects of the virus, including the passage of the CARES Act, but there can be no assurance that such steps will be effective or achieve their desired results in a timely fashion.

The outbreak has adversely impacted and is likely to further adversely impact our workforce and operations and the operations of our borrowers, customers and business partners. In particular, we may experience financial losses due to a number of operational factors impacting us or our borrowers, customers or business partners, including but not limited to:

credit losses resulting from financial stress being experienced by our borrowers as a result of the outbreak and related governmental actions, particularly in the hospitality, energy, retail and restaurant industries, but across other industries as well;
declines in collateral values;
decreased demand for our products and services;
third party disruptions, including outages at network providers and other suppliers;
increased cyber and payment fraud risk, as cybercriminals attempt to profit from the disruption, given increased online and remote activity; and
operational failures due to changes in our normal business practices necessitated by the outbreak and related governmental actions.

These factors may remain prevalent for a significant period of time and may continue to adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition even after the COVID-19 outbreak has subsided.

The spread of COVID-19 has caused us to modify our business practices (including restricting employee travel, and developing work from home and social distancing plans for our employees), and we may take further actions as may be required by government authorities or as we determine are in the best interests of our employees, customers and business partners. There is no certainty that such measures will be sufficient to mitigate the risks posed by the virus or will otherwise be satisfactory to government authorities.

The extent to which the coronavirus outbreak impacts our business, results of operations and financial condition will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and are difficult to predict, including, but not limited to, the duration and spread of the outbreak, its severity, the actions to contain the virus or treat its impact, and how quickly and to what extent normal economic and operating conditions can resume. Even after the COVID-19 outbreak has subsided, we may continue to experience materially adverse impacts to our business as a result of the virus’s global economic impact, including the availability of credit, adverse impacts on our liquidity and any recession that has occurred or may occur in the future.

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There are no comparable recent events that provide guidance as to the effect the spread of COVID-19 as a global pandemic may have, and, as a result, the ultimate impact of the outbreak is highly uncertain and subject to change. We do not yet know the full extent of the impacts on our business, our operations or the global economy as a whole. However, the effects could have a material impact on our results of operations and heighten many of our known risks described in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

As a participating lender in the U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”), the Company and the Bank are subject to additional risks regarding the Bank’s processing of loans for the PPP and risks that the SBA may not fund some or all PPP loan guaranties.

On March 27, 2020, President Trump signed the CARES Act, which included a $349 billion loan program administered through the SBA referred to as the PPP. Under the PPP, small businesses and other entities and individuals can apply for loans from existing SBA lenders and other approved regulated lenders that enroll in the program, subject to numerous limitations and eligibility criteria. The Bank is participating as a lender in the PPP. The PPP opened on April 3, 2020; however, because of the short timeframe between the passing of the CARES Act and the opening of the PPP, there is some ambiguity in the laws, rules and guidance regarding the operation of the PPP, which exposes us to potential risks relating to noncompliance with the PPP. On or about April 16, 2020, the SBA notified lenders that the $349 billion earmarked for the PPP was exhausted.

Since the initiation of the PPP, several larger banks have been subject to litigation regarding the protocols and procedures that they used in processing applications for the PPP. We may be exposed to the risk of similar litigation, from both customers and non-customers that approached us regarding PPP loans, regarding our policies and procedures used in processing applications for the PPP. If any such litigation is filed against the Company or the Bank and is not resolved in a manner favorable to us, it could result in financial liability or adversely affect our reputation. In addition, litigation can be costly, regardless of outcome. Any financial liability, litigation costs or reputational damage caused by PPP related litigation could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We also have credit risk on PPP loans if a determination is made by the SBA that there is a deficiency in the manner in which the loan was originated, funded, or serviced by the Bank, such as an issue with the eligibility of a borrower to receive a PPP loan, which may or may not be related to the ambiguity in the laws, rules and guidance regarding the operation of the PPP. In the event of a loss resulting from a default on a PPP loan and a determination by the SBA that there was a deficiency in the manner in which the PPP loan was originated, funded, or serviced by us, the SBA may deny its liability under the guaranty, reduce the amount of the guaranty, or, if it has already paid under the guaranty, seek recovery of any loss related to the deficiency from us.

We may experience increases to, and volatility in, the balance of the allowance for credit losses and related provision expense due to the adoption of the current expected credit losses (“CECL”) methodology.

As permitted by the CARES Act, we have delayed adoption until the earlier of the termination date of the national emergency declared by President Trump under the National Emergencies Act on March 31, 2020, related to the outbreak of COVID-19, and December 31, 2020. Relative to the incurred loss methodology that we currently use, the CECL methodology requires increased use of judgments and dependence on forward-looking information and forecasts, any of which may prove to be incorrect. For this reason, and due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the uncertain duration of the permitted delay referred to above, we are not able to estimate the amount of increase in our allowance for credit losses upon our compliance with this standard.

The CECL methodology differs substantially from the incurred loss methodology currently used in that it is forward looking, requiring measurement to occur when a financial asset is first added to the balance sheet and periodically thereafter. The measurements will require increased use of management judgments as well as forward-looking information and forecasts. Although every effort is made to ensure that the judgements are correct and the forecasts accurate, the future is uncertain, and there can be no guarantee that the judgments and forecasts will prove to be correct.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.
(a)Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities. Not applicable.
(b)Use of Proceeds. Not applicable.
(c)Repurchase of Equity Securities
The following table discloses shares of our common stock repurchased during the three months ended March 31, 2020:
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ITEM 2.UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

None.

ITEM 3.DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.

None.

ITEM 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

Not applicable.

ITEM 5.OTHER INFORMATION.

None.

ITEM 6.EXHIBITS

Exhibit

No.

 Period
Total Number of Shares Purchased(1)
Average Price paid Per Share
Total Number of Shares Purchased as part of Publicly Announced Plan or Programs(1)
Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares That may Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (in thousands)
January 1, 2020 to January 31, 2020— $— — $29,283 
February 1, 2020 to February 29, 2020— — — — 
March 1, 2020 to March 31, 2020— — — — 
(1)On January 23, 2019, the board of directors announced that they had authorized a share repurchase program for up to $30 million of our outstanding common stock. The repurchase program expired on January 23, 2020, and no additional shares were purchased after December 31, 2019.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.
None.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.
Not applicable.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION.
None
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
Exhibit No.Description
2.1
10.1
10.2
31.1*
31.2*
32**
101*101.INS* XBRL Instance Document.-the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data Files.File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

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*
*Filed herewith
**Furnished herewith



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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

FRANKLIN FINANCIAL NETWORK, INC.
November 9, 2017May 7, 2020By:By:

/s/ Sarah Meyerrose

Christopher J. Black
Sarah MeyerroseChristopher J. Black
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

On behalf of the registrant and as Chief Financial Officer


(Principal Financial Officer)


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