UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM

10-Q

(Mark One)

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from

Commission File Number:

001-36155

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its Charter)


Delaware		35-2478370
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

23975 Park Sorrento, Suite 400 Calabasas, California		91302
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)		(Zip Code)

(818)

212-2250

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	~~Trading Symbol(s)~~	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share	MMI	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation

S-T

(§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter time period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a

non-accelerated

filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule

12b-2

of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐

Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐


Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule

12b-2

of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Number of shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the registrant issued and outstanding as of May ~~4, 2021~~

, 2022 was ~~39,530,910~~38,889,501 shares.

Table of Contents

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS


~~PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION~~

~~Item 1. Financial Statements~~	Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

~~Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2021 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2020~~Item 1. Financial Statements		3
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2022 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2021		3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net and Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 ~~and 2020~~ (Unaudited)		4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 ~~and 2020~~ (Unaudited)		5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 ~~and 2020~~ (Unaudited)		6
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)		7

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		2425
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		34
Item 4. Controls and Procedures		35

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item ~~4. Controls and Procedures~~1. Legal Proceedings		36

~~PART II. OTHER INFORMATION~~

~~Item 1. Legal Proceedings~~		37
Item 1A. Risk Factors		3736
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		3736
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities		3736
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures		3736
Item 5. Other Information		36
Item 6. Exhibits		3736

~~Item 6. Exhibits~~SIGNATURES		37

~~SIGNATURES~~

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except for shares and par value)

   March 31, 2021
(Unaudited)    December 31,

2020
Assets

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
   $ 221,708    $ 243,152
Commissions receivable, net
   8,205    10,391
Prepaid expenses
   10,084    10,153
Marketable debt securities,
available-for-sale
(includes amortized cost of $134,460 and $158,148 at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and $0

allowance for credit losses)
   134,494    158,258
Advances and loans, net
   2,106    2,413
Other assets
   5,642    4,711

Total current assets
   382,239    429,078
Property and equipment, net
   22,931    23,436
Operating lease
right-of-use
assets, net
   81,105    84,024
Marketable debt securities,
available-for-sale
(includes amortized cost of $65,114 and $45,181 at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and $0

allowance for credit losses)
   66,931    47,773
Assets held in rabbi trust
   10,574    10,295
Deferred tax assets, net
   20,629    21,374
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net
   50,817    52,053
Advances and loans, net
   111,781    106,913
Other assets
   4,075    4,176

Total assets
   $ 751,082    $ 779,122

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity

Current liabilities:

Accounts payable and other liabilities
   $ 18,919    $ 18,288
Deferred compensation and commissions
   33,199    58,106
Income tax payable
   8,512    3,726
Operating lease liabilities
   19,209    19,190
Accrued bonuses and other employee related expenses
   11,478    21,007

Total current liabilities
   91,317    120,317
Deferred compensation and commissions
   28,745    38,745
Operating lease liabilities
   57,134    59,408
Other liabilities
   12,217    13,816

Total liabilities
   189,413    232,286

Commitments and contingencies
   0      0
Stockholders’ equity:

Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value:

Authorized shares – 25,000,000; issued and outstanding shares – NaN

at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively
   0      0
Common stock, $0.0001 par value:

Authorized shares – 150,000,000; issued and outstanding shares – 39,500,966 and 39,401,976 at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively
   4    4
Additional
paid-in
capital
   113,737    113,182
Retained earnings
   446,088    431,076
Accumulated other comprehensive income
   1,840    2,574

Total stockholders’ equity
   561,669    546,836

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
   $ 751,082    $ 779,122


	March 31, 2022 (Unaudited)			December 31, 2021
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	315,695		$	382,140
Commissions receivable, net		13,854			17,230
Prepaid expenses		10,373			13,220
Marketable debt securities, available-for-sale (includes amortized cost of $220,015 and $183,915 at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and $0 allowance for credit losses)		218,988			183,868
Advances and loans, net		5,889			6,403
Other assets		6,027			5,270

Total current assets		570,826			608,131
Property and equipment, net		23,249			23,192
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net		77,928			81,528
Marketable debt securities, available-for-sale (includes amortized cost of $54,519 and $111,858 at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and $0 allowance for credit losses)		52,980			112,610
Assets held in rabbi trust		10,916			11,508
Deferred tax assets, net		33,470			33,736
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net		59,434			48,105
Advances and loans, net		139,087			113,242
Other assets		12,273			13,146

Total assets	$	980,163		$	1,045,198


Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and other liabilities	$	24,388		$	24,271
Deferred compensation and commissions		54,994			114,685
Dividends payable		50,694			0
Income tax payable		28,042			17,853
Operating lease liabilities		18,276			18,973
Accrued bonuses and other employee related expenses		15,863			49,848

Total current liabilities		192,257			225,630
Deferred compensation and commissions		45,603			53,536
Operating lease liabilities		56,307			58,334
Other liabilities		10,607			11,394

Total liabilities		304,774			348,894


Commitments and contingencies		0			0

Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value:
Authorized shares – 25,000,000; issued and outstanding shares – NaNat March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively		0			0
Common stock, $0.0001 par value:
Authorized shares – 150,000,000; issued and outstanding shares – 39,795,399 and 39,692,373 at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively		4			4
Additional paid-in capital		122,782			121,844
Retained earnings		554,193			573,546
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		(1,590	)		910

Total stockholders’ equity		675,389			696,304

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	980,163		$	1,045,198

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF NET AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

   Three Months Ended
March 31,
   2021 2020
Revenues:

Real estate brokerage commissions
   $

162,796 $

171,829
Financing fees
   17,843 15,351
Other revenues
   3,338 3,537

Total revenues
   183,977 190,717

Operating expenses:

Cost of services
   109,103 113,757
Selling, general and administrative
   51,677 54,860
Depreciation and amortization
   2,997 2,464

Total operating expenses
   163,777 171,081

Operating income
   20,200 19,636
Other income (expense), net
   1,044 (366 )
Interest expense
   (146 ) (283 )

Income before provision for income taxes
   21,098 18,987
Provision for income taxes
   6,086 5,917

Net income
   15,012 13,070

Other comprehensive (loss) income:

Marketable debt securities,
available-for-sale:

Change in net unrealized – (losses) gains    (621 ) (497 )
Less: reclassification adjustment for net losses included in other income (expense), net
   0   11

Net change, net of tax of $(215) and $(168) for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively
   (621 ) (486 )
Foreign currency translation (loss) gain, net of tax of $0 for each of the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020
   (113 ) 891

Total other comprehensive (loss) income
   (734 ) 405

Comprehensive income
   $ 14,278 $ 13,475

Earnings per share:

Basic
   $ 0.38 $ 0.33
Diluted
   $ 0.37 $ 0.33
Weighted average common shares outstanding:

Basic
   39,757 39,541
Diluted
   40,124 39,646


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021
Revenues:
Real estate brokerage commissions	$	286,909		$	162,796
Financing fees		26,453			17,843
Other revenues		6,102			3,338

Total revenues		319,464			183,977

Operating expenses:
Cost of services		196,768			109,103
Selling, general and administrative		74,535			51,677
Depreciation and amortization		3,911			2,997

Total operating expenses		275,214			163,777

Operating income		44,250			20,200
Other income, net		450			1,044
Interest expense		(160	)		(146	)

Income before provision for income taxes		44,540			21,098
Provision for income taxes		11,757			6,086

Net income	$	32,783		$	15,012

Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Marketable debt securities, available-for-sale:
Change in net unrealized gains/losses		(2,357	)		(621	)
Less: reclassification adjustment for net gains included in other income, net		(84	)		0

Net change, net of tax of $838 and $(215) for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively		(2,441	)		(621	)
Foreign currency translation gain (loss), net of tax of $0 for each of the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively		(59	)		(113	)

Total other comprehensive (loss) income		(2,500	)		(734	)

Comprehensive income	$	30,283		$	14,278


Earnings per share:
Basic	$	0.82		$	0.38
Diluted	$	0.81		$	0.37
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic		39,989			39,757
Diluted		40,474			40,124

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands, except for shares)

(Unaudited)

   Three Months Ended March 31, 2021

Preferred Stock

Common Stock

Additional

Stock Notes
Receivable

Accumulated
Other

   Shares    Amount    Shares Amount    Paid-In
Capital From
Employees    Retained
Earnings    Comprehensive
Income (Loss) Total
Balance at December 31, 2020
   0      $ 0      39,401,976 $ 4    $ 113,182 $ 0      $ 431,076    $ 2,574 $ 546,836
Net and comprehensive income (loss)
   —      0      —   0      0   0      15,012    (734 ) 14,278
Stock-based award activity

Stock-based compensation
   0      0      0   0      2,288 0      0      0   2,288
Issuance of common stock for vesting of restricted stock units
   0      0      149,117 0      0   0      0      0   0
Shares withheld related to net share settlement of stock-based awards
   0      0      (50,127 ) 0      (1,733 ) 0      0      0   (1,733 )

Balance as of March 31, 2021

0

   $ 0

   39,500,966 $ 4    $ 113,737 $ 0   $ 446,088    $ 1,840 $ 561,669

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Preferred Stock    Common Stock    Additional Stock Notes
Receivable Accumulated
Other

Shares

Amount

Shares

Amount
Paid-In
Capital From
Employees Retained
Earnings Comprehensive
Income
Total

Balance at December 31, 2019
0      $ 0      39,153,195 $ 4    $ 104,658 $ (4 ) $ 388,271 $ 1,978    $ 494,907
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle, net of tax
0      0      0   0      0   0   (33 ) 0      (33 )

Balance at January 1, 2020, as adjusted
0      0      39,153,195 4    104,658 (4 ) 388,238 1,978    494,874
Net and comprehensive income
—      0      —   0      0   0   13,070 405    13,475
Stock-based award activity

Stock-based compensation
0      0      0   0      2,632 0   0   0      2,632
Issuance of common stock for vesting of restricted stock units
0      0      170,106 0      0   0   0   0      0
Shares withheld related to net share settlement of stock-based awards
0      0      (50,872 ) 0      (1,689 ) 0   0   0      (1,689 )

Balance as of March 31, 2020
0      $ 0      39,272,429 $ 4    $ 105,601 $ (4 ) $ 401,308 $ 2,383    $ 509,292


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Preferred Stock				Common Stock					Additional Paid-In Capital			Stock Notes Receivable From Employees		Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Total
	Shares		Amount		Shares			Amount		Additional Paid-In Capital			Stock Notes Receivable From Employees		Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Total
Balance at December 31, 2021		0	$	0		39,692,373		$	4	$	121,844		$	0	$	573,546		$	910		$	696,304
Net and comprehensive income (loss)		—		0		—			0		0			0		32,783			(2,500	)		30,283
Stock-based award activity
Stock-based compensation		0		0		0			0		3,856			0		0			0			3,856
Issuance of common stock for vesting of restricted stock units		0		0		167,263			0		0��			0		0			0			0
Shares withheld related to net share settlement of stock-based awards		0		0		(64,237	)		0		(2,918	)		0		0			0			(2,918	)
Dividends on common stock		—		—		—			—		—			—		(52,136	)		—			(52,136	)

Balance as of March 31, 2022		0	$	0		39,795,399		$	4	$	122,782		$	0	$	554,193		$	(1,590	)	$	675,389


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
	Preferred Stock				Common Stock					Additional Paid-In Capital			Stock Notes Receivable From Employees		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income			Total
	Shares		Amount		Shares			Amount		Additional Paid-In Capital			Stock Notes Receivable From Employees		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income			Total
Balance at December 31, 2020		0	$	0		39,401,976		$	4	$	113,182		$	0	$	431,076	$	2,574		$	546,836
Net and comprehensive income		—		0		—			0		0			0		15,012		(734	)		14,278
Stock-based award activity
Stock-based compensation		0		0		0			0		2,288			0		0		0			2,288
Issuance of common stock for vesting of restricted stock units		0		0		149,117			0		0			0		0		0			0
Shares withheld related to net share settlement of stock-based awards		0		0		(50,127	)		0		(1,733	)		0		0		0			(1,733	)

Balance as of March 31, 2021		0	$	0		39,500,966		$	4	$	113,737		$	0	$	446,088	$	1,840		$	561,669

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

(Unaudited)

   Three Months Ended
March 31,
   2021 2020
Cash flows from operating activities

Net income
   $ 15,012 $ 13,070
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization
   2,997 2,464
Amortization of
right-of-use
assets
   6,009 5,500
Credit loss recovery
   (146 ) (120 )
Stock-based compensation
   2,288 2,632
Deferred taxes, net
   909 1,345
Unrealized foreign exchange (gains) losses
   (157 ) 1,024
Net realized gains on marketable debt securities,
available-for-sale
   (1 ) (53 )
Other
non-cash
items
   (49 ) 485
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Commissions receivable
   1,776 1,350
Prepaid expenses
   74 1,576
Advances and loans
   (4,440 ) (29,441 )
Other assets
   (1,187 ) (100 )
Accounts payable and other liabilities
   2,071 (923 )
Income tax payable
   4,786 4,070
Accrued bonuses and other employee related expenses
   (9,362 ) (17,035 )
Deferred compensation and commissions
   (33,781 ) (33,898 )
Operating lease liabilities
   (5,275 ) (4,477 )
Other liabilities
   (1,626 ) (262 )

Net cash used in operating activities
   (20,102 ) (52,793 )

Cash flows from investing activities

Acquisition of businesses, net of cash received
   229 (6,000 )
Purchases of marketable debt securities,
available-for-sale
   (81,264 ) (28,919 )
Proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable debt securities,
available-for-sale
   85,065 50,623
Issuances of employee notes receivable
   (40 ) (211 )
Payments received on employee notes receivable
   250 1
Purchase of property and equipment
   (1,099 ) (2,397 )

Net cash provided by investing activities
   3,141 13,097

Cash flows from financing activities

Taxes paid related to net share settlement of stock-based awards
   (1,733 ) (1,689 )
Principal payments on stock appreciation rights liability
   (1,481 ) (1,251 )
Principal payments on deferred consideration
   (1,302 ) 0

Net cash used in financing activities
   (4,516 ) (2,940 )

Effect of currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
   33 (274 )

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
   (21,444 ) (42,910 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
   243,152 232,670

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
   $ 221,708 $ 189,760

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information

Interest paid during the period
   $ 697 $ 845

Income taxes paid, net
   $ 339 $ 503


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	32,783		$	15,012
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		3,911			2,997
Noncash lease expense		5,961			6,009
Credit loss recovery		(167	)		(146	)
Stock-based compensation		3,856			2,288
Deferred taxes, net		1,104			909
Unrealized foreign exchange (gains) losses		(151	)		(157	)
Net realized gains on marketable debt securities, available-for-sale		(113	)		(1	)
Other non-cash items		11			(49	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Commissions receivable		3,430			1,776
Prepaid expenses		2,850			74
Advances and loans		(25,084	)		(4,440	)
Other assets		(794	)		(1,187	)
Accounts payable and other liabilities		1,308			2,071
Income tax receivable/payable		10,189			4,786
Accrued bonuses and other employee related expenses		(33,990	)		(9,362	)
Deferred compensation and commissions		(65,384	)		(33,781	)
Operating lease liabilities		(5,031	)		(5,275	)
Other liabilities		(2,224	)		(1,626	)

Net cash flows used in operating activities		(67,535	)		(20,102	)

Cash flows from investing activities
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash received		(12,500	)		229
Purchases of marketable debt securities, available-for-sale		(40,551	)		(81,264	)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable debt securities, available-for-sale		61,970			85,065
Issuances of employee notes receivable		(71	)		(40	)
Payments received on employee notes receivable		18			250
Purchase of property and equipment		(1,883	)		(1,099	)

Net cash flows provided by investing activities		6,983			3,141

Cash flows from financing activities
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of stock-based awards		(2,918	)		(1,733	)
Principal payments on stock appreciation rights liability		(1,761	)		(1,481	)
Principal payments on contingent and deferred consideration		(1,264	)		(1,302	)

Net cash flows used in financing activities		(5,943	)		(4,516	)

Effect of currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		50			33

Net (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		(66,445	)		(21,444	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		382,140			243,152

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	315,695		$	221,708


Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Interest paid during the period	$	499		$	697

Income taxes paid, net	$	464		$	339

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.	Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Description of Business

Marcus & Millichap, Inc., (the ~~“Company”,~~“Company,” “Marcus & ~~Millichap”,~~Millichap,” or “MMI”), a Delaware corporation, is a brokerage firm specializing in commercial real estate investment sales, financing, research and advisory services. As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, MMI operates 8481 offices in the United States and Canada through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including the operations of Marcus & Millichap Capital Corporation.

Reorganization and Initial Public Offering

MMI was formed in June 2013

in preparation for Marcus & Millichap Company (“MMC”) to

spin-off

its majority-owned subsidiary, Marcus & Millichap Real Estate Investment Services, Inc. (“MMREIS”). Prior to the initial public offering (“IPO”) of MMI, all of the preferred and common stockholders of MMREIS (including MMC and employees of MMREIS) contributed all of their outstanding shares to MMI, in exchange for new MMI common stock. As a result, MMREIS became a wholly-owned subsidiary of MMI. Thereafter, MMC distributed

80.0% of the shares of MMI common stock to MMC’s shareholders and exchanged the remaining portion of its shares of MMI common stock for cancellation of indebtedness of MMC. MMI completed its IPO in November 2013.

Basis of Presentation

The financial information presented in th

the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, has been prepared in accordance with rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for quarterly reports on Form

10-Q

and

Article 10-01

Regulation S-X.

Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the annual audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, including the Company’s accounting policies for the year ended December 31, ~~2020~~2021 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form

10-K

filed on March 1, ~~2021~~2022 with the SEC. The results of the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, for other interim periods or for future years.

Considerations Related to the

COVID-19

Pandemic

The Company ~~could~~may continue to experience operational and financial impacts due to the ongoing

COVID-19

~~pandemic. Actual~~pandemic and actual results may differ from the Company’s current estimates ~~as there is some uncertainty around~~and historical trends because of that uncertainty. Notwithstanding the ~~scope and duration~~potential continuing impact of the

COVID-19

pandemic and ~~as a result, the extent of the impact of~~

~~COVID-19~~

changes in interest rates on the ~~Company’s operational and financial performance~~current macroeconomic environment, the Company believes it is ~~uncertain and cannot be predicted. The Company expects the effects of the~~

~~COVID-19~~

~~pandemic~~well positioned to ~~continue to impact its financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for at least the first half of 2021.~~achieve long-term growth.

See Note ~~2 – “Property and Equipment, Net”, N~~

te 5 – “Acquisitions, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” and Note 8 – “Fair Value Measurements” for further discussions on the potential impacts of

COVID-19.

Consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the related disclosures at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

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MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk principally consist of cash and cash equivalents, investments in marketable debt securities,

available-for-sale,

security deposits (included under other assets,

non-current)

and commissions receivable, net. Cash and cash equivalents are placed with high-credit quality financial institutions and invested in high-credit quality money market funds and commercial paper. Concentrations and ratings of marketable debt securities,

available-for-sale

are limited by the approved investment policy.

To reduce its credit risk, the Company monitors the credit standing of the financial institutions money market funds that represent amounts recorded as cash and cash equivalents. The Company historically has not experienced any significant losses related to cash and cash equivalents.

In September 2021, the Company entered into a Strategic Alliance (“Strategic Alliance”) with M&T Reality Capital Corporation (“MTRCC”) pursuant to which the Company has agreed to provide loan opportunities that may be funded through MTRCC’s Delegated Underwriting and Servicing Agreement (“DUS Agreement”) with the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) and which requires MTRCC to guarantee a portion of each loan funded. On a

loan-by-loan

basis, the Company, at its option, can indemnify a portion of MTRCC’s guarantee obligation of loan opportunities presented to and closed by MTRCC though the DUS Agreement. The Company manages and limits the concentration of risk related to the guarantees assumed by monitoring the underlying property type, geographic location, credit of the borrowers, underlying debt service coverage, and loan to value ratios.

The Company derives its revenues from a broad range of real estate investors, owners, and users in the United States and Canada, none of which individually represents a significant concentration of credit risk. The Company maintains allowances, as needed, for estimated credit losses based on management’s assessment of the likelihood of collection. For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, ~~and 2020, 0 transaction~~0transaction represented 10% or more of total revenues. Further, while one or more transactions may represent 10% or more of commissions receivable at any reporting date, amounts due are typically collected within 10 days of settlement and, therefore, do not expose the Company to significant credit risk.

During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company’s Canadian operations represented 2.3% of total revenues. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company’s Canadian operations represented less than 2% of total revenues.

During each of the three months ended March 31, ~~2020, the Company’s Canadian operations represented approximately 2% of total revenues.~~

~~During the three months ended March 31,~~2022 and 2021, 0 office represented 10% or more of total revenues. ~~During~~

Revenue Recognition

The Company generates real estate brokerage commissions by acting as a broker for real estate owners or investors seeking to buy or sell commercial properties and generates financing fees from securing financing on purchase transactions, from refinancing its clients’ existing mortgage debt and other ancillary fees associated with financing activities, including, but not limited to, mortgage servicing, debt and equity advisory services, loan sales, due diligence services, guarantee fees, loan performance fees and other consulting. The Company’s contracts, except as noted below, do not contain multiple-element arrangements, variable consideration, financing components, significant noncash consideration, licenses, long-term contracts with customers or other items affecting the ~~three months ended March 31, 2020, 1 office represented 10%~~transaction price.

Real Estate Brokerage Commissions

Contracts for representing buyers and sellers of real estate are usually negotiated on a

transaction-by-transaction

basis. The consideration associated with the successful outcome remains constrained until the completion of a transaction which, in almost all cases, is at the close of escrow. At that time, the Company recognizes revenue related to the transaction. The Company’s fee agreements do not include terms or ~~more~~conditions that require the Company to perform any service or fulfill any obligation once the transaction closes.

Financing Fees

Contracts for representing potential borrowers are usually negotiated on a

transaction-by-transaction

basis. The consideration associated with the successful outcome remains constrained until the completion of ~~total revenues.~~a transaction which, in almost all cases, is at the time the loan closes. At that time, the Company recognizes revenue related to the transaction. The Company’s fee arrangements, with certain exceptions, do not include terms or conditions that require the Company to perform any service or fulfill any obligation once the loan closes.

Loan Performance Fees

- For loans originated through the Strategic Alliance with MTRCC, the Company receives variable consideration in the form of loan performance fees based on a portion of the servicing fees expected to be received under the servicing contract for servicing the loan. As the Company is not obligated to perform any servicing functions and has no further obligations related to the transaction giving rise to the loan performance fees, the estimated value of the loan performance fees to be received is recorded at the time the loan closes and are collected over the estimated term of the related loan. Any changes in the estimate of loan performance fees to be received are recorded in revenue in the period the estimate changes.

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MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Guarantee Obligations

- For certain loans originated through the Strategic Alliance with MTRCC, the Company may agree, at its option, to indemnify MTRCC for a portion of MTRCC’s obligations for loans sold to Fannie Mae. For these loans, the Company allocates a portion of the transaction price and records a loan guarantee obligation based on its fair value. Revenue for this stand ready obligation is recorded on a straight-line basis over the term of the estimated guarantee period and is recorded in financing fees in the condensed consolidated statements of net and comprehensive income. The guarantee obligation is capped at 16.7% of the unpaid principal balance in excess of the collateral securing such loan. For these loans, the Company also records an allowance for loss-sharing obligations based on the unpaid balance of the loan for its portion of the obligation guaranteed to MTRCC.

Mortgage Servicing

- The Company recognizes mortgage servicing revenues upon the acquisition of a servicing contract. The Company records servicing fees when earned provided the loans are current and the debt service payments are made by the borrowers.

Other Revenues

Other revenues include fees generated from consulting and advisory services, as well as referral fees from other real estate brokers, and are recognized when services are provided, or upon closing of the transaction.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Pending Adoption

In March 2020, the FASB issued ~~ASU~~Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”)

No. 2020-04,

Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting

(“ASU

2020-04”).

ASU

2020-04

provides temporary optional exceptions to the guidance in U.S. GAAP on contract modifications to ease the financial reporting burdens related to the expected market transition from the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates, such as the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”). ASU

2020-04

is effective for all entities upon issuance and may be applied prospectively to contract modifications through December 31, 2022. The guidance applies to the Company’s Credit Agreement (see Note 13 – “Commitments and Contingencies”), which references LIBOR, and will generally allow it to account for and present a modification as an event that does 0t require contract remeasurement at the modification date or reassessment of a previous accounting determination. As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company has not drawn funds from the credit facility. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of this new standard

but

does not expect ASU

2020-04

to have a material effect on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

2.	Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):


	March 31, 2021			December 31, 2020			March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021
Computer software and hardware equipment	$	32,049		$	30,955		$	35,404		$	33,819
Furniture, fixtures and equipment		23,504			23,418			24,817			24,511
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization		(32,622	)		(30,937	)		(36,972	)		(35,138	)

	$	22,931		$	23,436		$	23,249		$	23,192

During the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, the Company

wrote-off

approximately ~~$41,000~~$22,000 and ~~$191,000,~~$41,000, respectively, of fully depreciated computer software and hardware equipment and furniture, fixtures and equipment.

As of March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, property and equipment additions incurred but not yet paid included in accounts payable and other liabilities were $406,000 and $275,000, ~~and $259,000,~~ respectively.

The Company evaluates its fixed assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. As of March 31, 2021, the Company considered the impact of

~~the~~

~~COVID-19~~

pandemic and evaluated its property and equipment for potential indicators of impairment. The Company concluded that as of March 31, 2021, there were 0 indicators of impairment of its property and equipment.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

3.	Operating Leases

The Company has operating leases for all of its facilities and autos. As of March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, operating lease

right-of-use

(“ROU”) assets, net were ~~$127.7~~$77.9 million and ~~$126.9 million, respectively, and the related accumulated amortization was $46.6 million and $42.9~~$81.5 million, respectively.

Table of Contents

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The operating lease cost, included in selling, general and administrative expense in the condensed consolidated statement

of net and comprehensive income, consisted of the following (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021
Operating lease cost:
Lease cost (1)	$	6,544		$	6,589
Variable lease cost (2)		1,363			1,400
Sublease income		(234	)		(33	)

	$	7,673		$	7,956

   Three Months Ended
March 31,
   2021    2020
Operating lease cost:

Lease cost
(1)
   $ 6,589    $ 6,263
Variable lease cost
(2)
   1,400    1,396
Sublease income
   (33 )    (77 )

   $7,956    $7,582

(1)	Includes short-term lease cost and ROU asset amortization.

(2)

~~(2)~~

Primarily relates to common area maintenance, property taxes, insurance, utilities and parking.

Maturities of lease liabilities by year consisted of the following (in thousands):


	March 31, 2021			March 31, 2022
Remainder of 2021	$	17,205
2022		17,722
Remainder of 2022				$	15,484
2023		14,331			18,311
2024		12,089			15,829
2025		9,877			13,320
2026					9,716
Thereafter		10,835			7,027

Total future minimum lease payments		82,059			79,687
Less imputed interest		(5,716	)		(5,104	)

Present value of operating lease liabilities	$	76,343		$	74,583

Supplemental cash flow information and noncash activity related to the operating leases consisted of the following (in thousands):

   Three Months Ended
March 31,
   2021    2020
Operating cash flow information:

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities
   $ 5,862    $ 5,223
Noncash activity:

ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities
   $ 3,004    $ 3,109
Tenant improvements owned by lessor related to ROU assets (1)
   $ 55    $ 317


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021
Operating cash flow information:
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	5,589	$	5,862
Noncash activity:
ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	$	2,435	$	3,004
Tenant improvements owned by lessor related to ROU assets (1)	$	66	$	55

(1)	Reclassification from other assets current.

Other information related to the operating leases consisted of the following:


	March 31, 2021			December 31, 2020			March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021
Weighted average remaining operating lease term		4.71 years			4.70 years			4.44 years			4.57 years
Weighted average discount rate		3.0	%		3.1	%		2.9	%		2.9	%

Table of Contents

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

4.	Investments in Marketable Debt Securities, Available for Sale

Amortized cost, allowance for credit losses, gross unrealized gains/losses in accumulated other comprehensive ~~income/loss~~income (loss) and fair value of marketable debt securities,

available-for-sale,

by type of security consisted of the following (in thousands):


	March 31, 2022
	Amortized Cost		Allowance for Credit Losses		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasuries	$	101,141	$	0	$	0	$	(849	)	$	100,292
Corporate debt		118,271		0		7		(193	)		118,085
Asset-backed securities (“ABS”) and other		603		0		8		0			611

	$	220,015	$	0	$	15	$	(1,042	)	$	218,988

Long-term investments:
U.S. treasuries	$	12,420	$	0	$	9	$	(311	)	$	12,118
U.S. government sponsored entities		674		0		0		(18	)		656
Corporate debt		34,300		0		147		(1,141	)		33,306
Asset-backed securities (“ABS”) and other		7,125		0		5		(230	)		6,900

	$	54,519	$	0	$	161	$	(1,700	)	$	52,980


	March 31, 2021											December 31, 2021
	Amortized Cost		Allowance for Credit Losses		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Allowance for Credit Losses		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasuries	$	69,217	$	0	$	23	$	0		$	69,240	$	35,767	$	0	$	0	$	(34	)	$	35,733
U.S. government sponsored entities		11,450		0		4		0			11,454
Corporate debt		53,793		0		7		0			53,800

	$	134,460	$	0	$	34	$	0		$	134,494

Long-term investments:
U.S. treasuries	$	22,342	$	0	$	179	$	0		$	22,521
U.S. government sponsored entities		1,012		0		36		(3	)		1,045
Corporate debt		35,424		0		1,505		(60	)		36,869
Asset-backed securities (“ABS”) and other		6,336		0		166		(6	)		6,496

	$	65,114	$	0	$	1,886	$	(69	)	$	66,931


	December 31, 2020
	Amortized Cost		Allowance for Credit Losses		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasuries	$	75,887	$	0	$	88	$	(5	)	$	75,970
U.S. government sponsored entities		32,439		0		8		0			32,447
Corporate debt		49,822		0		20		(1	)		49,841		148,148		0		22		(35	)		148,135

	$	158,148	$	0	$	116	$	(6	)	$	158,258	$	183,915	$	0	$	22	$	(69	)	$	183,868

Long-term investments:
U.S. treasuries	$	3,375	$	0	$	266	$	0		$	3,641	$	70,902	$	0	$	128	$	(263	)	$	70,767
U.S. government sponsored entities		1,114		0		38		0			1,152		726		0		22		(3	)		745
Corporate debt		34,183		0		2,137		(33	)		36,287		33,197		0		962		(146	)		34,013
ABS and other		6,509		0		195		(11	)		6,693		7,033		0		82		(30	)		7,085

	$	45,181	$	0	$	2,636	$	(44	)	$	47,773	$	111,858	$	0	$	1,194	$	(442	)	$	112,610

The Company’s investments in marketable debt securities,

available-for-sale,

that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded, by type of security consisted of the following (in thousands):


	March 31, 2022
	Less than 12 months					12 months or greater					Total
	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
U.S. treasuries	$	111,232	$	(1,160	)		0		0		$	111,232	$	(1,160	)
U.S. government sponsored entities		549		(8	)		105		(10	)		654		(18	)
Corporate debt		137,510		(1,277	)		618		(57	)		138,128		(1,334	)
ABS and other		6,181		(230	)		0		0			6,181		(230	)

	$	255,472	$	(2,675	)	$	723	$	(67	)	$	256,195	$	(2,742	)

   March 31, 2021
   Less than 12 months 12 months or

greater Total
   Fair
Value    Gross
Unrealized
Losses Fair
Value    Gross
Unrealized
Losses Fair
Value    Gross
Unrealized
Losses
U.S. government sponsored entities
   $ 139    $ (3 ) $ 0      $ 0   $ 139    $ (3 )
Corporate debt
   20,447    (52 ) 139    (8 ) 20,586    (60 )
ABS and other
   363    0   345    (6 ) 708    (6 )

   $ 20,949    $ (55 ) $ 484    $ (14 ) $ 21,433    $ (69 )

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


	December 31, 2020															December 31, 2021
	Less than 12 months					12 months or greater					Total					Less than 12 months					12 months or greater					Total
	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
U.S. treasuries	$	41,702	$	(5	)	$	0	$	0		$	41,702	$	(5	)	$	103,019	$	(297	)	$	0	$	0		$	103,019	$	(297	)
U.S. government sponsored entities																	115		(3	)		0		0			115		(3	)
Corporate debt		29,810		(34	)		0		0			29,810		(34	)		115,908		(173	)		146		(8	)		116,054		(181	)
ABS and other		546		(6	)		157		(5	)		703		(11	)		2,915		(30	)		0		0			2,915		(30	)

	$	72,058	$	(45	)	$	157	$	(5	)	$	72,215	$	(50	)	$	221,957	$	(503	)	$	146	$	(8	)	$	222,103	$	(511	)

Gross realized gains and losses from the sales of the Company’s marketable debt securities,

available-for-sale,

consisted of the following (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021
Gross realized gains (1)	$	113	$	1

Gross realized losses (1)	$	0	$	0

   Three Months Ended
March 31,
   2021    2020
Gross realized gains
(1)
   $ 1    $ 53

Gross realized losses
(1)
   $ 0      $ 0

(1)	Recorded in other income, ~~(expense),~~ net in the condensed consolidated statements of net and comprehensive income. The cost basis of securities sold were determined based on the specific identification method.

The Company invests its excess cash in a diversified portfolio of fixed and variable rate debt securities to meet current and future cash flow needs. All investments are made in accordance with the Company’s approved investment policy. As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the portfolio had an average credit rating of AA and a weighted

term to contractual maturity

of ~~1.7~~1.4 years, with 27161 securities in the portfolio ~~with~~representing an unrealized aggregate loss ~~aggregating $69,000,~~

$2.7 million or ~~0.3%~~1% of amortized cost, and a weighted average credit rating of A+AA+.

As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company performed an impairment analysis and determined an allowance for credit losses was 0tnot required. The Company determined that it did not have an intent to sell and it was not more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell any security based on its current liquidity position, or to maintain compliance with its investment policy, specifically as it relates to minimum credit ratings. The Company evaluated the securities with an unrealized loss considering severity of loss, credit ratings, specific credit events during the period since acquisition, overall likelihood of default, market sector, potential impact from the current economic ~~situation~~environment, geopolitical unrest and a review of an issuer’s and securities’ liquidity and financial strength, as needed. The Company concluded that it would receive all scheduled interest and ~~principle~~principal payments. The Company, therefore, determined qualitatively that the unrealized loss was related to changes in interest rates and other market factors and therefore no0 allowance for credit losses was required.

Amortized cost and fair value of marketable debt securities,

available-for-sale,

by contractual maturity consisted of the following (in thousands, except weighted average data):


	March 31, 2021				December 31, 2020				March 31, 2022				December 31, 2021
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	134,460	$	134,494	$	158,148	$	158,258	$	220,015	$	218,988	$	183,915	$	183,868
Due after one year through five years		50,401		51,534		30,604		32,041		36,442		35,478		96,035		96,257
Due after five years through ten years		10,323		10,891		10,022		11,044		12,978		12,582		11,129		11,601
Due after ten years		4,390		4,506		4,555		4,688		5,099		4,920		4,694		4,752

	$	199,574	$	201,425	$	203,329	$	206,031	$	274,534	$	271,968	$	295,773	$	296,478

Weighted average contractual maturity				1.7 years				1.6 years				1.4 years				1.5 years

Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain issuers have the right to prepay certain obligations with or without prepayment penalties.

5.	Acquisitions, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company expanded its network of financing professionals and provided further diversification to its financing services.

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

5.	~~Acquisitions, Goodwill~~ The Company completed an acquisition of a business that was accounted for as a business combination and ~~Other Intangible Assets~~

~~During~~ the ~~three months ended March 31, 2021,~~results have been included in the ~~Company recognized measurement period adjustments, including additional cash acquired to the provisional amounts that were recognized at~~condensed consolidated financial statements beginning on the acquisition ~~date for businesses acquired during 2020 to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as~~date. Terms of the acquisition ~~dates that, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized as of~~

~~the acquisition date. The impact to amortization expense not previously recognized related to these adjustments was not material.~~

principally included cash paid at closing.

The goodwill recorded as part of the ~~acquisitions~~acquisition primarily arose from the acquired assembled workforce and brokerage and financing sales platforms. The Company expects all of the goodwill to be tax deductible, with the

tax-deductible

amount of goodwill related to the contingent and deferred consideration to be determined once the cash payments are made to settle any contingent and deferred consideration. The goodwill resulting from acquisitions is allocated to the Company’s 1 reporting unit.

Goodwill and intangible assets, net consisted of the following (in thousands):


	March 31, 2022							December 31, 2021
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Book Value		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Book Value
Goodwill and intangible assets:
Goodwill	$	38,101	$	—		$	38,101	$	34,071	$	—		$	34,071
Intangible assets (1)		32,444		(11,111	)		21,333		23,974		(9,940	)		14,034

	$	70,545	$	(11,111	)	$	59,434	$	58,045	$	(9,940	)	$	48,105

   March 31, 2021    December 31, 2020
   Gross
Carrying
Amount    Accumulated
Amortization Net Book
Value    Gross
Carrying
Amount    Accumulated
Amortization Net Book
Value
Goodwill and intangible assets:

Goodwill
   $ 34,046    $ —   $ 34,046    $ 33,375    $ —   $ 33,375
Intangible assets
(1)
   23,975    (7,204 ) 16,771    24,745    (6,067 ) 18,678

   $ 58,021    $ (7,204 ) $ 50,817    $ 58,120    $ (6,067 ) $ 52,053

(1)	Total weighted average amortization period was ~~5.53~~ 5.2 years and ~~5.57~~4.4 years as of March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

Amortization expense for the intangible assets was $1.2 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill consisted of the following (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021
Beginning balance	$	34,071	$	33,375
Additions from acquisitions (1)		4,030		671
Impairment losses		0		0

Ending balance	$	38,101	$	34,046

   Three Months Ended
March 31,
   2021    2020
Beginning balance
   $ 33,375    $ 15,072
Additions from acquisitions
(1)
   671    3,990
Impairment losses
   0      0

Ending balance
   $ 34,046    $ 19,062

(1)	The 2021 addition represents a measurement period ~~adjustment.~~adjustment for an acquisition made in 2020.

Estimated amortization expense for intangible assets by year for the next five years and thereafter consisted of the following (in thousands):

March 31,
2021

Remainder of 2021
   $ 2,737
2022
   3,474
2023
   3,419
2024
   2,891
2025
   2,659
Thereafter
   1,591

   $ 16,771


	March 31, 2022
Remainder of 2022	$	3,512
2023		4,617
2024		4,101
2025		3,881
2026		2,156
Thereafter		3,066

	$	21,333

The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment annually in the fourth quarter. In addition to the annual impairment evaluation, the Company evaluates at least quarterly whether events or circumstances have occurred in the period subsequent to the annual impairment testing, which indicate that it is more likely than not an impairment loss has occurred. The Company evaluates its intangible assets that have finite useful lives whenever an event or change in circumstances indicates that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable.

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company considered the impact of the continuing

COVID-19

pandemic and geopolitical unrest and evaluated its goodwill and intangible assets for impairment testing. ~~The Company considered qualitative and quantitative factors, including the impact from the~~

~~COVID-19~~

~~induced economic slowdown and current projected recovery timeframes.~~ The Company estimated the recoverability of the intangible assets by comparing the carrying amount of each asset to the future undiscounted cash flows that the Company expects the asset to generate. The sum of the undiscounted expected future cash flows was greater than the carrying amount of the intangible assets. The Company concluded that as of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, there was 0no impairment of its goodwill and intangible assets.

6.	Selected Balance Sheet Data

Allowances on Advances and Loans, ~~Net~~ and Commissions Receivable ~~Net~~

Allowance for credit losses for advances and loans and commissions receivable ~~consisted~~as of ~~the following (in thousands):~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was $667,000 and $794,000, respectively.

Advances
and
Loans
   Commissions
Receivable    Total
Beginning balance as of January 1, 2021
   $ 563    $ 94    $ 657
Credit loss recovery
   (67 )    (79 )    (146 )
Write-offs
   (2 )    0      (2 )

Ending balance as of March 31, 2021
   $ 494    $ 15    $ 509

Advances
and
Loans
   Commissions
Receivable Total
Beginning balance as of January 1, 2020
   $ 512    $ 32 (1) $ 544
Credit loss recovery
   (120 )    0   (120 )
Write-offs
   (2 )    0   (2 )

Ending balance as of March 31, 2020
   $ 390    $ 32 $ 422

~~(1)~~

~~Includes cumulative-effect adjustment related to the adoption of ASU No. 2016-13,~~

~~Financial Instruments – Credit Losses.~~

Other Assets

Other assets consisted of the following (in thousands):


	Current				Non-Current
	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021		March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”), net of amortization	$	0	$	0	$	951	$	1,855
Security deposits		0		0		1,484		1,395
Employee notes receivable (1)		67		40		0		0
Securities, held-to-maturity (2)		0		0		9,500		9,500
Customer trust accounts and other		5,960		5,230		338		396

	$	6,027	$	5,270	$	12,273	$	13,146

   Current    Non-Current
   March 31,
2021    December 31,
2020    March 31,
2021    December 31,
2020
Mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”), net of amortization
   $ 0      $ 0      $ 2,062    $ 1,897
Security deposits
   0      0      1,463    1,461
Employee notes receivable
(1)
   165    185    13    246
Customer trust accounts and other
   5,477    4,526    537    572

   $ 5,642    $ 4,711    $ 4,075    $ 4,176

(1)	Reduction of accrued bonuses and other employee related expenses in settlement of employee notes receivable were $0 and $10 ~~and $0~~ for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~March 31, 2021, respectively. See Note 7 – “Related-Party Transactions” for additional information.

(2)	Securities, held-to-maturity, are expected to mature on September 1, 2024 and accrue interest based on the 1-year treasury rate.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

MSRs

The net change in the carrying value of MSRs consisted of the following (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021			2020			2022			2021
Beginning balance	$	1,897		$	2,002		$	1,855		$	1,897
Additions		303			77			0			303
Amortization		(138	)		(129	)		(904	)		(138	)

Ending balance	$	2,062		$	1,950		$	951		$	2,062

The portfolio of loans serviced by the Company aggregated ~~$1.6~~$1.7 billion for each of the periods ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020, respectively.~~2021. See Note 8 – “Fair Value Measurements” for additional information on MSRs. In the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company received cancellation notices on certain servicing contracts. Amortization of those contracts was adjusted to reflect the cancellations.

In connection with MSR activities, the Company holds funds in escrow for the benefit of the lenders. These funds, which totaled ~~$2.0~~$2.6 million and ~~$3.2~~$4.1 million as of March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively, and the offsetting obligations are not presented in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements as they do not represent assets and liabilities of the Company.

Table of Contents

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Deferred Compensation and Commissions

Deferred compensation and commissions consisted of the following (in thousands):

   Current    Non-Current
   March 31,
2021    December 31,
2020    March 31,
2021    December 31,
2020
Stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) liability (1)
   $ 2,225    $

2,162    $

14,568    $ 16,671
Commissions payable to investment sales and financing professionals
   29,054    54,082    7,389    15,306
Deferred compensation liability (1)
   1,485    1,519    6,788    6,768
Other
   435    343    0      0

   $ 33,199    $ 58,106    $ 28,745    $ 38,745


	Current				Non-Current
	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021		March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) liability (1)	$	2,323	$	2,241	$	12,731	$	14,918
Commissions payable to investment sales and financing professionals		51,195		110,769		25,082		31,697
Deferred compensation liability (1)		749		1,080		7,790		6,921
Other		727		595		0		0

	$	54,994	$	114,685	$	45,603	$	53,536

(1)

The SARs and deferred compensation liability become subject to payout as a result of a participant no longer being considered a service provider. As a result of the retirement of certain participants, estimated amounts to be paid to the participants within the next twelve months have been classified as current.

SARs Liability

Prior to the IPO, certain employees of the Company were granted SARs under a stock-based compensation program assumed by MMC. In connection with the IPO, the SARs agreements were revised, the MMC liability of $20.0 million for the SARs was frozen as of March 31, 2013 and was transferred to MMI through a capital distribution. The SARs liability will be settled with each participant in ten annual installments in January of each year upon retirement or termination from service, or in full upon consummation of a change in control of the Company.

Under the revised agreements, MMI is required to accrue interest on the outstanding balance beginning on

January 1, 2014 at a rate based on the

10-year

treasury note, plus 2%. The rate resets annually. The rates at January 1, 2022 and 2021 were 3.63% and ~~2020 were 2.930% and 3.920%~~2.93%, respectively. MMI recorded interest expense related to this liability of ~~$122,000~~$135,000 and ~~$178,000~~$122,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, ~~and 2020,~~ respectively.

Estimated payouts within the next twelve months for participants that have separated from service have been classified as current. During each of the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, the Company made total payments of $2.2 million, ~~and $2.1 million,~~ consisting of principal and accumulated ~~interest, respectively.~~

interest.

Commissions Payable

Certain investment sales professionals ~~have the ability to~~can earn additional commissions after meeting certain annual revenue thresholds. These commissions are recognized as cost of services in the period in which they are earned as they relate to specific transactions closed. The Company ~~has the ability to~~may defer payment of certain commissions, at its election, for up to three years. Commissions payable that are not expected to be paid within twelve months are classified as long-term.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

Deferred Compensation Liability

A select group of management is eligible to participate in the Marcus & Millichap Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”). The Deferred Compensation Plan is a

non-qualified

deferred compensation plan that is intended to comply with Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code and permits participants to defer compensation up to the limits set forth in the Deferred Compensation Plan. Amounts are paid out generally when the participant is no longer a service provider; however, an

in-service

payout election is available to participants. Participants may elect to receive payouts as a lump sum or quarterly over a two to fifteen-year period. The Company elected to fund the Deferred Compensation Plan through company owned variable life insurance policies. The Deferred Compensation Plan is managed by a third-party institutional fund manager, and the deferred compensation and investment earnings are held as a Company asset in a rabbi trust, which is recorded in assets held in rabbi trust in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The assets in the trust are restricted unless the Company becomes insolvent, in which case the trust assets are subject to the claims of the Company’s creditors. The Company may also, in its sole and absolute discretion, elect to withdraw at any time a portion of the trust assets by an amount by which the fair market value of the trust assets exceeds 110% of the aggregate deferred compensation liability represented by the participants’ accounts. Estimated payouts within the next twelve months for participants that have separated from service or elected in service payout have been classified as current. During the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, the Company made total payments to participants of ~~$371,000~~$365,000 and ~~$358,000,~~$371,000, respectively.

Table of Contents

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The assets held in the rabbi trust are carried at the cash surrender value of the variable life insurance policies, which represents its fair value. The net change in the carrying value of the assets held in the rabbi trust and the net change in the carrying value of the deferred compensation liability, each exclusive of additional contributions, distributions and trust expenses, consisted of the following (in thousands):

   Three Months Ended
March 31,
   2021    2020
Increase (decrease) in the carrying value of the assets held in the rabbi trust
(1)
   $ 333    $ (1,388 )

Increase (decrease) in the net carrying value of the deferred compensation obligation
(2)
   $ 260    $ (1,273 )


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021
Increase (Decrease) in the carrying value of the assets held in the rabbi trust (1)	$	(525	)	$	333

Increase (Decrease) in the net carrying value of the deferred compensation obligation (2)	$	(532	)	$	260

(1)	Recorded in other income, ~~(expense),~~ net in the condensed consolidated statements of net and comprehensive income.

(2)

~~(2)~~

Recorded in selling, general and administrative expense in the condensed consolidated statements of net and comprehensive income.

Other Liabilities

Other liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

   Non-Current
   March 31,
2021    December 31,
2020
Deferred consideration
(1) (2)
   $ 7,171    $ 8,582
Contingent consideration
(1)
   4,033    4,219
Other
   1,013    1,015

   $ 12,217    $ 13,816


	Non-Current
	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Deferred consideration (1)	$	3,300	$	4,689
Contingent consideration (1)		5,782		6,631
Dividends Payable		1,443		0
Other		82		74

	$	10,607	$	11,394

~~(1)~~

The current portions of deferred consideration in the amounts of $6,571 and $6,666 as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, are included in accounts payable and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The current portions of contingent consideration in the amounts of $1,268 and $1,353 as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, are included in accounts payable and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.(1)

~~(2)~~

Includes a measurement period adjustment in 2021 and a settlement of deferred consideration made during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, which represents a noncash investing activity. See Note 5 – “Acquisitions, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” for additional information.

7 .	Related-Party Transactions

Shared and Transition Services

Certain services are provided to the Company under a Transition Services Agreement (“TSA”) between MMC and the Company. The TSA is intended to provide certain services until the Company acquires these services separately. Under the TSA, the Company incurred net costs (charge-back) during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 of $12,000 and ~~2020 of~~

~~$19,000 and $26,000,~~$19,000, respectively. These amounts are included in selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of net and comprehensive income.

~~MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

Brokerage and Financing Services with the Subsidiaries of MMC

MMC has wholly or majority owned subsidiaries that buy and sell commercial real estate properties. The Company performs certain brokerage and financing services related to transactions of the subsidiaries of MMC. For the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, the Company earned real estate brokerage commissions and financing fees of ~~$457,000~~$1,598,000 and ~~$766,000,~~$457,000, respectively, from transactions with subsidiaries of MMC related to these services. The Company incurred cost of services of ~~$274,000~~$954,000 and ~~$453,000,~~$274,000, respectively, related to these revenues.

Operating Lease with MMC

The Company has an operating lease with MMC for a single-story office building located in Palo Alto, California, which expires on May 31, 2022. The related operating lease cost was $333,000 for each of the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. Operating lease cost is included in selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of net and comprehensive income. See Note 3 – “Operating Leases” for additional information.

Table of Contents

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Accounts Payable and Other Liabilities with MMC

As of March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, accounts payable and other liabilities with MMC totaling ~~$93,000~~$101,000 and ~~$89,000,~~$93,000, respectively, remain unpaid and are included in accounts payable and other liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Other

The Company makes advances to

non-executive

employees from

time-to-time.

At March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the aggregate principal amount for employee notes receivable was ~~$178,000~~$67,000 and ~~$431,000,~~$40,000, respectively, which is included in other assets (current and

non-current)

in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. See Note 6 – “Selected Balance Sheet Data” for additional information.

As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, George M. Marcus, the Company’s founder and Chairman, beneficially owned approximately ~~39%~~38% of the Company’s issued and outstanding common stock, including shares owned by Phoenix Investments Holdings, LLC and the Marcus Family Foundation II.

8.	Fair Value Measurements

U.S. GAAP defines the fair value of a financial instrument as the amount that would be received from the sale of an asset in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company is responsible for the determination of fair value and the supporting methodologies and assumptions. The Company uses various pricing sources and third parties to provide and validate the values utilized.

The degree of judgment used in measuring the fair value of financial instruments is generally inversely correlated with the level of observable valuation inputs. Financial instruments with quoted prices in active markets generally have more pricing observability and less judgment is used in measuring fair value. Financial instruments for which no quoted prices are available have less observability and are measured at fair value using valuation models or other pricing techniques that require more judgment.

Assets recorded at fair value are measured and classified in accordance with a fair value hierarchy consisting of the three “levels” based on the observability of inputs available in the marketplace used to measure the fair values as discussed below:

Level

Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;

Level

Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; or

Level

Unobservable inputs reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Consideration is given to the risk inherent in the valuation technique and the risk inherent in the inputs to the model. Management estimates include certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The Company values its investments including commercial paper and floating NAV money market funds recorded in cash and cash equivalents, investments in marketable debt securities,

available-for-sale,

assets held in the rabbi trust, deferred compensation liability and contingent and deferred consideration at fair value on a recurring basis.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

Fair values for investments included in cash and cash equivalents and marketable debt securities,

available-for-sale

were determined for each individual security in the investment portfolio and all these securities are Level 1 or 2 measurements as appropriate.

Fair values for assets held in the rabbi trust and related deferred compensation liability were determined based on the cash surrender value of the company owned variable life insurance policies and underlying investments in the trust, and are Level 2 and Level 1 measurements, respectively.

Contingent consideration in connection with acquisitions, is carried at fair value and determined on a

contract-by-contract

basis, calculated using unobservable inputs based on a probability of achieving EBITDA and other performance requirements, and is a Level 3 measurement. Deferred consideration in connection with acquisitions is carried at fair value and calculated using a discounted cash flow estimate with the only remaining condition on such payments being the passage of time, and is a Level 2 measurement.

Table of Contents

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Assets and liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following (in thousands):


	March 31, 2022								December 31, 2021
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Assets held in rabbi trust	$	10,916	$	0	$	10,916	$	0	$	11,508	$	0	$	11,508	$	0

Cash equivalents (1) :
Commercial paper	$	32,223	$	0	$	32,223	$	0	$	8,948	$	0	$	8,948	$	0
Money market funds		51,403		51,403		0		0		210,985		210,985		0		0

	$	83,626	$	51,403	$	32,223	$	0	$	219,933	$	210,985	$	8,948	$	0


Marketable debt securities, available-for-sale:
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasuries	$	100,292	$	100,292	$	0	$	0	$	35,733	$	35,733	$	0	$	0
U.S. government sponsored entities		0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0
Corporate debt		118,085		0		118,085		0		0		0		0		0
ABS and other		611		0		611		0		148,135		0		148,135		0

	$	218,988	$	100,292	$	118,696	$	0	$	183,868	$	35,733	$	148,135	$	0


Long-term investments:
U.S. treasuries	$	12,118	$	12,118	$	0	$	0	$	70,767	$	70,767	$	0	$	0
U.S. government sponsored entities		656		0		656		0		745		0		745		0
Corporate debt		33,306		0		33,306		0		34,013		0		34,013		0
ABS and other		6,900		0		6,900		0		7,085		0		7,085		0

	$	52,980		12,118	$	40,862	$	0	$	112,610	$	70,767	$	41,843	$	0


Liabilities:

Contingent consideration (2)	$	9,363	$	0	$	0	$	9,363	$	9,312	$	0	$	0	$	9,312


Deferred consideration (2)	$	8,371	$	0	$	8,371	$	0	$	9,801	$	0	$	9,801	$	0


Deferred compensation liability	$	8,539	$	8,539	$	0	$	0	$	8,001	$	8,001	$	0	$	0

   March 31, 2021    December 31, 2020
   Fair Value    Level 1    Level 2    Level 3    Fair Value    Level 1    Level 2    Level 3
Assets:

Assets held in rabbi trust
   $ 10,574    $ 0      $ 10,574    $ 0      $ 10,295    $ 0      $ 10,295    $ 0

Cash equivalents
(1)
:

Commercial paper and other
   $ 3,899    $ 0      $ 3,899    $ 0      $ 9,399    $ 0      $ 9,399    $ 0
Money market funds
   168,010    168,010    0      0      158,271    158,271    0      0

   $ 171,909    $ 168,010    $ 3,899    $ 0      $ 167,670    $ 158,271    $ 9,399    $ 0

Marketable debt securities,
available-for-sale:

Short-term investments:

U.S. treasuries
   $ 69,240    $ 69,240    $ 0      $ 0      $ 75,970    $ 75,970    $ 0      $ 0
U.S. government sponsored entities
   11,454    0      11,454    0      32,447    0      32,447    0
Corporate debt
   53,800    0      53,800    0      49,841    0      49,841    0

   $ 134,494    $ 69,240    $ 65,254    $ 0      $ 158,258    $ 75,970    $ 82,288    $ 0

Long-term investments:

U.S. treasuries
   $ 22,521    $ 22,521    $ 0      $ 0      $ 3,641    $ 3,641    $ 0      $ 0
U.S. government sponsored entities
   1,045    0      1,045    0      1,152    0      1,152    0
Corporate debt
   36,869    0      36,869    0      36,287    0      36,287    0
ABS and other
   6,496    0      6,496    0      6,693    0      6,693    0

   $ 66,931    $ 22,521    $ 44,410    $ 0      $ 47,773    $ 3,641    $ 44,132    $ 0

Liabilities:

Contingent consideration
   $ 5,301    $ 0      $ 0      $ 5,301    $ 5,572    $ 0      $ 0      $ 5,572

Deferred consideration
   $ 13,742    $ 0      $ 13,742    $ 0      $ 15,248    $ 0      $ 15,248    $ 0

Deferred compensation liability
   $ 8,273    $ 8,273    $ 0      $ 0      $ 8,287    $ 8,287    $ 0      $ 0

(1)	Included in cash and cash equivalents on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)	$3,581 and $2,681 of Contingent consideration and $5,071 and $5,112 of Deferred consideration are included in Accounts payable and other liabilities as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

There were 0

transfers in or out of Level 3 during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020.~~2021.

During the three months ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company considered ~~the economic impact of the~~

~~COVID-19~~

~~pandemic~~current and future interest rates on the probability of achieving EBITDA and other performance targets ~~and current and future interest rates~~ in its determination of fair value for the contingent consideration. The Company is uncertain as to the extent of the volatility in the unobservable inputs in the foreseeable future. Deferred consideration in connection with acquisitions is carried at fair value and ~~calcula~~

edcalculated using a discounted cash flow estimate with the only remaining condition on such payments being the passage of time.

~~MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

As of March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, contingent and deferred consideration ~~has~~had a maximum undiscounted payment to be settled in cash or stock of ~~$32.0~~$27.2 million and ~~$33.2~~$28.6 million, respectively. Assuming the achievement of the applicable performance criteria and/or service and time requirements, the Company anticipates these payments will be made over the next one to ~~seven-year~~five-year period. Changes in fair value are included in selling, general and administrative expense in the condensed consolidated statements of net and comprehensive income.

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

A reconciliation of contingent consideration measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following (in thousands):

   Three Months Ended
March 31,
   2021    2020
Beginning balance
   $ 5,572    $ 3,387
Contingent consideration in connection with acquisitions
(1)
   (100 )    0
Change in fair value of contingent consideration
   (171 )    (225 )
Payments of contingent consideration
   0      0

Ending balance
   $ 5,301    $ 3,162


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021
Beginning balance	$	9,312	$	5,572
Contingent consideration in connection with acquisitions (1)		0		(100	)
Change in fair value of contingent consideration		51		(171	)
Payments of contingent consideration		0		0

Ending balance	$	9,363	$	5,301

(1)	Contingent consideration in connection with acquisitions represents a no ~~ncash~~ noncash investing activity. ~~Relates~~Three months ended March 31, 2021 relates to a measurement period adjustment. See Note 5 – “Acquisitions, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” for additional information.

Quantitative information about the valuation technique and significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of the Company’s Level 3 financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

   Fair Value at
  March 31, 2021      Valuation Technique    Unobservable inputs
Range
        (Weighted Average)
(1)


Contingent consideration
   $ 5,301    Discounted cash flow    Expected life of cash flows    2.2-6.6 years (4.0 years)
         Discount rate    2.3%-4.3%       (3.2%)
         Probability of achievement    35.3%-100.0%     (82.3%)

   Fair Value at
December 31, 2020    Valuation Technique    Unobservable inputs
Range
(Weighted Average)
(1)

Contingent consideration
   $ 5,572    Discounted cash flow    Expected life of cash flows    2.4-6.8 years (4.4 years)
         Discount rate    2.6%-4.3%       (3.4%)
         Probability of achievement    50.0%-100.0%     (86.1%)

Fair Value at
March 31, 2022

Valuation Technique

Unobservable inputs

Range
(Weighted Average)

(1)

Contingent consideration

9,363

Discounted cash flow

Expected life of cash flows

1.2-5.6 years (3.1

ears)

Discount rate

4.0%-4.6% (4.3%)

Probability of achievement

22.2%-100.0% (96.6%)

Fair Value at
December 31, 2021

Valuation Technique

Unobservable inputs

Range
(Weighted Average)

(1)

Contingent consideration

9,312

Discounted cash flow

Expected life of cash flows

1.4-5.8

years (3.4 years)

Discount rate

2.2%-3.5% (2.9%)

Probability of achievement

29.0%-100.0% (95.2%)

(1)	Unobservable inputs were weighted by the relative fair value of the instruments.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

In accordance with U.S. GAAP, from time to time, the Company measures certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. The Company reviews the carrying value of MSRs, intangibles, goodwill and other assets for indications of impairment at least annually. When indications of potential impairment are identified, the Company may be required to determine the fair value of those assets and record an adjustment for the carrying amount in excess of the fair value determined. Any fair value determination would be based on valuation approaches, which are appropriate under the circumstances and utilize Level 2 and Level 3 measurements as required.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

MSRs are recorded at fair value upon acquisition of a servicing contract. The Company has elected the amortization method for the subsequent measurement of MSRs. MSRs are carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value. MSRs are a Level 3 measurement. The Company’s MSRs do not trade in an active, open market with readily observable prices. The estimated fair value of the Company’s MSRs were developed using a discounted cash flow model that calculates the present value of estimated future net servicing income. The model considers contractual provisions and assumptions of market participants including specified servicing fees, prepayment assumptions, delinquency rates, late charges, other ancillary revenue, costs to service and other economic factors. The Company periodically reassesses and adjusts, when necessary, the underlying inputs and assumptions used to reflect observable market conditions and assumptions that a market participant would consider in valuing an MSR asset. Management ~~made revisions to the~~uses assumptions ~~used~~ in the determination of fair value for MSRs after considering ~~the economic impact of the~~

~~COVID-19~~

~~pandemic on~~ default, severity, prepayment and discount rates related to the specific types and underlying collateral of the various serviced loans, interest rates, refinance rates, and current government and private sector responses on the economic impact of the

COVID-19

pandemic. In the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company received cancellation notices on certain servicing contracts. Amortization of those contracts was adjusted to reflect the ~~pandemic. MSRs are carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value.~~cancellations. The fair value of the MSRs ~~approximated~~exceeded the carrying value at March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 after consideration of the revisions to the various assumptions. See Note 6 – “Selected Balance Sheet ~~Data – Other Assets – MSRs”~~Data” for additional information.

~~As market conditions change, the Company will~~

~~re-evaluate~~

~~assumptions used in the determination of fair value for MSRs and is uncertain to the extent of the volatility in the unobservable inputs in the foreseeable future.~~

Table of Contents

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Quantitative information about the valuation technique and significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of the Company’s Level 3 financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

Fair Value at
March 31, 2021

Valuation Technique

Unobservable inputs

Range
(Weighted Average)

(1)

Fair Value at
March 31, 2022

Valuation Technique

Unobservable inputs

Range
(Weighted Average)

(1)

MSRs

2,415

Discounted cash flow

Constant prepayment rates

0.0%-20.0% (10.0%)

1,967

Discounted cash flow

Constant prepayment rates

0.0%-20.0% (10.0%)

Constant default rate

0.3%-4.3%

(1.2%)

Constant default rate

0.28%-5.08% (1.28%)

Loss severity

26.2%-31.4% (28.0%)

Loss severity

26.2%-31.4% (27.95%)

Discount rate

10.0%-10.0%

(10.0%)

Discount rate

10.0%-10.0%

(10.0%)

Fair Value at
December 31, 2020

Valuation Technique

Unobservable inputs

Range
(Weighted Average)

(1)

Fair Value at
December 31, 2021

Valuation Technique

Unobservable inputs

Range
(Weighted Average)

(1)

MSRs

2,135

Discounted cash flow

Constant prepayment rates

0.0%-20.0%

(10.0%)

2,332

Discounted cash flow

Constant prepayment rates

0.0%-20.0%

(10.0%)

Constant default rate

0.3%-4.1%

(1.1%)

Constant default rate

0.3%-4.9% (1.2%)

Loss severity

26.2%-31.4%

(28.0%)

Loss severity

26.2%-31.4%

(28.0%)

Discount rate

10.0%-10.0%

(10.0%)

Discount rate

10.0%-10.0%

(10.0%)

(1)	Weighted average is based on the 10%10% constant prepayment rate scenario which the Company uses as the reported fair value.

9.	Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock

As of March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, there were ~~39,500,966~~39,795,399 and ~~39,401,976~~39,692,373 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value, issued and outstanding, which include unvested restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) issued to

non-employee

directors, respectively. See Note 12 – “Earnings per Share” for additional information.

On February 16, 2022, The Board of Directors declared a semi-annual regular dividend of $0.25 per share and a special dividend of $1.00 per share, payable on April 4, 2022, to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 8, 2022. The Company accrued a dividend payable of $52.1 million, including dividend equivalents aggregating $2.5 million to be paid upon vesting for on unvested restricted stock and deferred stock units granted under the 2013 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan. The accrual of the dividend was a

non-cash

activity.

Accrued and unpaid dividends as of March 31, 2022 aggregated $52.1 million, and are recorded in dividends payable ($50.7 million) and other liabilities ($1.4 million) in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Preferred Stock

The Company has 25,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock with a par value $0.0001 per share. At March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, there were 0 preferred shares issued or outstanding.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive ~~Income/Loss~~Income (Loss)

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive ~~income/loss~~income (loss) include marketable debt securities, available for sale are included as a component of other income, ~~(expense),~~ net or selling, general and administrative expense, as applicable, in the condensed consolidated statements of net and comprehensive income. The reclassifications were determined on a specific identification basis.

~~MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

The Company has not provided for U.S. taxes on unremitted earnings of its foreign subsidiary as it is operating at a loss and has 0 earnings and profits to remit. As a result, deferred taxes were not provided related to the cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments.

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MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

10.	Stock-Based Compensation Plans

2013 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan

The Company’s board of directors adopted the 2013 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2013 Plan”), which became effective upon the Company’s IPO. In February 2017, the board of directors amended and restated the 2013 Plan, which was approved by the Company’s stockholders in May 2017. Grants are made from time to time by the compensation committee of the Company’s board of directors at its discretion, subject to certain restrictions as to the number and value of shares that may be granted to any individual. In addition,

non-employee

directors receive annual grants under a director compensation policy. The compensation committee of the Company’s board of directors has the option to grant dividend equivalents to unvested grants. Any dividend equivalents granted to unvested awards are paid to the participant at the time the related grants vest. As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, there were ~~4,757,955~~3,963,923 shares available for future grants under the 2013 Plan.

On February 16, 2022, the Board of Directors declared a semi-annual regular dividend of $0.25 per share and a special dividend of $1.00 per share payable on April 4, 2022, to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 8, 2022. The Compensation Committee granted dividend equivalents to all unvested grants as of the record date. As of March 31, 2022, $2.5 million was accrued for dividend equivalents on unvested grants outstanding as of the record date.

Awards Granted and Settled

Under the 2013 Plan, the Company has issued RSAs to

non-employee

directors and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) to employees and independent contractors. RSAs vest over a

one-year

period from the date of grant,

subject to service requirements. RSUs generally vest in equal annual installments over a five-year period from the date of grant or earlier as approved by the compensation committee of the Company’s board of directors. Dividend equivalents granted for unvested stock awards are paid at the time the stock awards vest. Any unvested awards and dividend equivalents are canceled upon termination as a service provider. As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, there were 0 issued or outstanding options, SARs, performance units or performance share awards under the 2013 Plan.

During the three months ended March 31, ~~2021, 149,117~~2022, 176,227 shares of RSUs vested and ~~50,127~~68,445 shares of common stock were withheld to pay applicable required employee statutory withholding taxes based on the market value of the shares on the vesting date. The shares withheld for taxes were returned to the share reserve and are available for future issuance in accordance with provisions of the 2013 Plan. ~~During~~Unvested RSUs will be settled through the ~~three months ended March 31, 2021, there were 0 deferred stock units (“DSUs”) that settled.~~

issuance of new shares of common stock.

Outstanding Awards

Activity under the 2013 Plan consisted of the following (dollars in thousands, except weighted average per share data):


	Shares			Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Nonvested shares at December 31, 2021 (1)		980,936		$	36.58
Granted		780,997		$	47.29
Vested (2)		(176,227	)	$	36.84
Forfeited/canceled		(7,166	)	$	36.38

Nonvested shares at March 31, 2022 (1)		1,578,540		$	41.85

Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense as of March 31, 2022	$	61,517

Unrecognized compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period (years) of approximately		4.22

Weighted average remaining vesting period (years) as of March 31, 2022		4.22

   RSA Grants to
Non-employee

Directors
RSU Grants
to
Employees

RSU Grants
to
Independent
Contractors
Total Weighted-
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Per Share
Nonvested shares at December 31, 2020
(1)
   16,728    637,650 264,001 918,379 33.73
Granted
   0      217,893 9,834 227,727 39.10
Vested
   0      (132,176 ) (16,941 ) (149,117 ) 33.01
Transferred
   0      (3,220 ) 3,220 0   31.05
Forfeited/canceled
   0      (16,476 ) (3,585 ) (20,061 ) 33.05

Nonvested shares at March 31, 2021
(1)
   16,728    703,671 256,529 976,928 34.56

Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense as of March 31, 2021
(2)
   $ 42    $ 24,124 $ 7,212 $ 31,378

Weighted average remaining vesting period (years) as of March 31, 2021
   0.10    3.91 3.09 3.72

(1)	Nonvested RSUs will be settled through the issuance of new shares of common stock.

(2)	~~The total unrecognized compensation expense is expected~~ Includes vested shares delivered subsequent to ~~be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 3.72 years.~~March 31, 2022.

Table of Contents

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

In 2013, the Company adopted the 2013 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). The ESPP is intended to qualify under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code and provides for consecutive,

non-overlapping

6-month

offering periods. The offering periods generally start on the first trading day on or after May 15 and November 15 of each year. Qualifying employees may purchase shares of the Company stock at a 10% discount based on the lower of the market price at the beginning or end of the offering period, subject to IRS limitations. The Company determined that the ESPP was a compensatory plan and is required to expense the fair value of the awards over each

6-month

offering period.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

The ESPP initially had 366,667 shares of common stock reserved, and ~~176,877~~156,725 shares of common stock remain available for issuance as of March 31, ~~2021.~~2022. The ESPP provides for annual increases in the number of shares available for issuance under the ESPP, equal to the least of (i) 366,667 shares, (ii) 1% of the outstanding shares on such date, or (iii) an amount determined by the compensation committee of the board of directors. Pursuant to the provisions of the ESPP, the board of directors has determined to not provide for any annual increases to date. At March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, total unrecognized compensation cost related to the ESPP was ~~$24,000~~$27,000 and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.12 years.

SARs and DSUs

Prior to the IPO, certain employees were granted SARs. As of March 31, 2013, the outstanding SARs were frozen at the liability amount, and will be paid out to each participant in installments upon retirement or departure under the terms of the revised SARs agreements. To replace beneficial ownership in the SARs, the difference between the book value liability and the fair value of the awards was granted to plan participants in the form of ~~DSUs,~~deferred stock units (“DSUs”), which were fully vested upon receipt and will be settled in actual stock at a rate of 20% per year if the participant remains employed by the Company during that period (otherwise all unsettled shares of stock upon termination from service will be settled five years from the termination date, unless otherwise agreed to by the Company). In the event of death or termination of service after reaching the age of 67, 100% of the DSUs will be settled. As of March 31, ~~2021, the remaining future share settlements~~2022, 281,193 shares of fully vested DSUs ~~by year consisted of the following:~~remained to be settled in 2022.

March 31,
202
1

2021
   60,373
2022
   281,193

   341,566

Summary of Stock-Based Compensation

Components of stock-based compensation are included in selling, general and administrative expense in the condensed consolidated statements of net and comprehensive income and consisted of the following (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021
ESPP	$	56	$	50
RSUs and RSAs		3,800		2,238

	$	3,856	$	2,288

   Three Months Ended
March 31,
   2021    2020
ESPP
   $

50    $

47
RSAs –
non-employee
directors
   111    160
RSUs – employees
   1,454    1,656
RSUs – independent contractors
   673    769

   $ 2,288    $ 2,632

11.	Income Taxes

The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021 and 2020~~2022 was 26.4%, compared to 28.8% ~~and 31.2%, respectively.~~for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The Company provides for the effects of income taxes in interim financial statements based on the Company’s estimate of its annual effective tax rate for the full year, which is based on forecasted income by jurisdiction where the Company operates, adjusted for any tax effects of items that relate discretely to the period, if any.

The provision for income taxes differs from the amount computed by applying the U.S. federal statutory rate to income before provision for income taxes and consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022						2021
	Amount			Rate			Amount			Rate
Income tax expense at the federal statutory rate	$	9,353			21.0	%	$	4,431			21.0	%
State income tax expense, net of federal benefit		2,033			4.6	%		1,048			5.0	%
(Windfall) shortfall tax benefits, net related to stock-based compensation		(306	)		(0.7	)%		(27	)		(0.1	)%
Change in valuation allowance		(104	)		(0.2	)%		180			0.9	%
Permanent and other items (1)		781			1.7	%		454			2.0	%

	$	11,757			26.4	%	$	6,086			28.8	%

   Three Months Ended March 31,
   2021 2020
   Amount    Rate Amount    Rate
Income tax expense at the federal statutory rate
   $ 4,431    21.0 % $

3,987    21.0 %
State income tax expense, net of federal benefit
   1,048    5.0 % 1,018    5.4 %
Windfall tax benefits, net related to stock-based compensation
   (27 )    (0.1 )% (17 )    (0.1 )%
Change in valuation allowance
   180    0.9 % 367    1.9 %
Permanent and other items
(1)
   454    2.0 % 562    3.0 %

   $ 6,086    28.8 % $ 5,917    31.2 %

(1)	Permanent items relate principally to compensation charges, qualified transportation fringe benefits and meals and entertainment.

2122

Table of Contents

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

12.	Earnings per Share

Basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively consisted of the following (in thousands, except per share data):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021
Numerator (Basic and Diluted):
Net income	$	32,783		$	15,012
Change in value for stock settled consideration		(63	)		12

Adjusted net income	$	32,720		$	15,024


Denominator:
Basic
Weighted average common shares issued and outstanding		39,721			39,432
Deduct: Unvested RSAs (1)		(13	)		(17	)
Add: Fully vested DSUs (2)		281			342

Weighted average common shares outstanding		39,989			39,757


Basic earnings per common share	$	0.82		$	0.38


Diluted
Weighted average common shares outstanding from above		39,989			39,757
Add: Dilutive effect of RSUs, RSAs & ESPP		396			208
Add: Contingently issuable shares (3)		89			159

Weighted average common shares outstanding		40,474			40,124

Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.81		$	0.37


Antidilutive shares excluded from diluted earnings per common share (4)		778			230

   Three Months Ended
March 31,
   2021    2020
Numerator (Basic and Diluted):

Net income
   $ 15,012    $ 13,070
Decrease in value for stock settled consideration
   12    0

Adjusted net income
   $ 15,024    $ 13,070

Denominator:

Basic

Weighted average common shares issued and outstanding
   39,432    39,217
Deduct: Unvested RSAs
(1)
   (17 )    (18 )
Add: Fully vested DSUs
(2)
   342    342

Weighted average common shares outstanding
   39,757    39,541

Basic earnings per common share
   $ 0.38    $ 0.33

Diluted

Weighted average common shares outstanding from above
   39,757    39,541
Add: Dilutive effect of RSUs, RSAs & ESPP
   208    105
Add: Contingently issuable shares
(3)
   159    0

Weighted average common shares outstanding
   40,124    39,646

Diluted earnings per common share
   $ 0.37    $ 0.33

Antidilutive shares excluded from diluted earnings per common share
(4)
   230    521

(1)	RSAs were issued and outstanding to the ~~non-employ~~ e enon-employee directors and have a one-year vesting term subject to service requirements. See Note 10 – “Stock-Based Compensation Plans” for additional information.

(2)	Shares are included in weighted average common shares outstanding as the shares are fully vested but have not yet been delivered. See Note 10 – “Stock-Based Compensation Plans” for additional information.

(3)

~~(3)~~

Relates to contingently issuable stock settled consideration.

(4)

~~(4)~~

Primarily pertaining to RSU grants to the Company’s employees and independent contractors.

13.	Commitments and Contingencies

Credit Agreement

On June 18, 2014, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (the “Bank”), as amended and restated on May 28, 2019, and further, amended on November 27, 2019 and on February 9, 2021 (the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement provides for a $60.0 million principal amount senior secured revolving credit facility that is guaranteed by all of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries (the “Credit Facility”) and matures on June 1, 2022. The Company may borrow, repay and reborrow amounts under the Credit Facility until its maturity date, at which time all amounts outstanding under the Credit Facility must be repaid in full. Upon the expiration of the use of the LIBOR as a benchmark, the benchmark will be replaced with the SOFR plus a spread adjustment.

Table of Contents

MARCUS & MILLICHAP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are available for general corporate purposes and working capital. The Credit Facility includes a $10.0 million sublimit for the issuance of standby letters of credit of which $533,000 was utilized at March 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Borrowings under the Credit Facility will bear interest, at the Company’s option, at either (i) a fluctuating rate per annum 2.00% below the Base Rate (defined as the highest of (a) the Bank’s prime rate,

(b) one-month

LIBOR plus 1.50%, and (c) the federal funds rate plus 1.50%), or (ii) at a fixed rate per annum determined by Bank to be between 0.875% to 1.125% above LIBOR. In connection with the amendments of the Credit Agreement, the Company paid bank fees and other expenses, which are being amortized over the remaining term of the Credit Agreement. The Company pays a commitment fee of up to 0.1% per annum, payable quarterly, based on the amount of unutilized commitments under the Credit Facility. The amortization and commitment fee is included in interest expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of net and comprehensive income and was $25,000 and $24,000 ~~and $22,000 during~~for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, there were 0 amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement.

The Credit Facility contains customary covenants, including financial and other covenant reporting requirements and events of default. Financial covenants require the Company, on a combined basis with its guarantors, to maintain (i) an EBITDAR Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of not less than 1.25:1.0 as of each quarter end, determined on a rolling four-quarter basis, and (ii) total funded debt to EBITDA not greater than 1.5:1.0 as of each quarter end, determined on a rolling four-quarter basis, and also limits investments in foreign entities and certain other loans. The Credit Facility is secured by substantially all assets of the Company, including pledges of 100% of the stock or other equity interest of each subsidiary except for the capital stock of a controlled foreign corporation (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code), in which case no such pledge is required. As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company was in compliance with all financial and

non-financial

covenants and has not experienced any limitation in its operations as a result of the covenants.

Strategic Alliance

The Company, in connection with the Strategic Alliance with MTRCC, has agreed to provide loan opportunities that may be funded through MTRCC’s agreement with Fannie Mae and which requires MTRCC to guarantee a portion of each funded loan. On

a loan-by-loan basis,

the Company, at its option, can indemnify a portion of MTRCC’s guarantee obligation of loan opportunities presented to and closed by MTRCC. As of March 31, 2022, the Company has agreed to a maximum aggregate guarantee obligation of $4.0 million relating to loans with an unpaid balance of $24.0 million. The maximum guarantee obligation is 0t representative of the actual loss the Company would incur. The Company would be liable for this amount only if all of the loans for which it is providing a guarantee to MTRCC were to default and all of the collateral underlying these loans was determined to be without value at the time of settlement.

Other

In connection with certain agreements with investment sales and financing professionals, the Company may agree to advance amounts to ~~certain investment sales and financing~~such professionals upon reaching certain time and performance goals. Such commitments as of March 31, ~~2021~~2022 aggregated ~~$22.3~~to $25.0 million.

14.	Subsequent Events

Subsequent to March 31, 2022, the Company paid $50.0 million in accrued dividends including $0.4 million in dividend equivalents for shares that vested under the 2013 Plan subsequent to the record date of March 8, 2022.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Unless the context requires otherwise, the words “Marcus & Millichap,” “MMI,” “we,” the “Company,” “us” and “our” refer to Marcus & Millichap, Inc., and its ~~other~~ consolidated subsidiaries.

Forward-Looking Statements

The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including but not limited to ~~the~~any continuing impact of the

COVID-19

~~pandemic.~~pandemic and anticipated interest rate changes. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year ending December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, or for any other future period. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in Item 1 of this Form

10-Q

and in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form

10-K

for the year ended December 31, ~~2020~~2021 filed with the SEC on March 1, ~~2021,~~2022, including the “Risk Factors” section and the consolidated financial statements and notes included therein.

Overview

We are a leading national brokerage firm specializing in commercial real estate investment sales, financing, research and advisory services. We have been the top commercial real estate investment broker in the United States based on the number of investment transactions for more than 15 years. As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, we had ~~2,038~~1,931 investment sales and financing professionals that are primarily exclusive independent contractors operating in 8481 offices, who provide real estate brokerage and financing services to sellers and buyers of commercial real estate assets. ~~We also offer market research, consulting and advisory services to our clients.~~ During the three months ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, we closed ~~2,332~~2,904 investment sales, financing and other transactions with total sales volume of approximately ~~$12.0~~$21.0 billion. During the year ended December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, we closed ~~8,954~~13,255 investment sales, financing and other transactions with total sales volume of approximately ~~$43.4~~$84.4 billion.

We generate revenues by collecting real estate brokerage commissions upon the sale, and fees upon the financing, of commercial properties, and by providing equity advisory services, loan sales and consulting and advisory services. Real estate brokerage commissions are typically based upon the value of the property and financing fees are typically based upon the size of the loan. During ~~each of~~ the three months ended March 31, ~~2021 and the year ended December 31, 2020,~~2022, approximately ~~88%~~90% of our revenues were generated from real estate brokerage commissions, ~~10%~~8% from financing fees and 2% from other real estate related services. During the year ended December 31, 2021, approximately 90% of our revenues were generated from real estate brokerage commissions, 9% from financing fees and 1% from other real estate related services.

We divide commercial real estate into four major market segments, characterized by price:

Properties priced less than $1 million;

Private client market:

properties priced from $1 million to up to but less than $10 million;

Middle market:

properties priced from $10 million to up to but less than $20 million; and

Larger transaction market:

properties priced from $20 million and above.

~~Our strength is~~We are the industry leader in serving private clients in the

$1-$10 million

private client market segment, which contributed approximately ~~65%~~56% and ~~67%~~65% of our real estate brokerage commissions during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. The following table sets forth the number of transactions, sales volume and revenues by commercial real estate market segment for real estate brokerage:

Three Months Ended March 31,
2021 2020 Change
Number Volume Revenues Number Volume Revenues Number Volume Revenues
Real Estate Brokerage
(in millions) (in thousands) (in millions) (in thousands) (in millions) (in thousands)
<$1 million
227 $ 149 $ 6,138 216 $ 136 $ 5,742 11 $ 13 $ 396
Private client market ($1 - <$10 million)
1,200 3,668 105,423 1,242 4,001 114,264 (42 ) (333 ) (8,841 )
Middle market ($10 - <$20 million)
78 1,067 20,601 91 1,222 22,668 (13 ) (155 ) (2,067 )
Larger transaction market (
³
$20 million)
83 3,980 30,634 66 3,083 29,155 17 897 1,479

1,588 $ 8,864 $ 162,796 1,615 $ 8,442 $ 171,829 (27 ) $ 422 $ (9,033 )


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022						2021						Change
Real Estate Brokerage	Number		Volume		Revenues		Number		Volume		Revenues		Number			Volume			Revenues
			(in millions)		(in thousands)				(in millions)		(in thousands)					(in millions)			(in thousands)
<$1 million		206	$	128	$	5,787		227	$	149	$	6,138		(21	)	$	(21	)	$	(351	)
Private Client Market ($1 - <$10 million)		1,606		5,696		161,031		1,200		3,668		105,423		406			2,028			55,608
Middle Market ($10 - <$20 million)		184		2,503		46,760		78		1,067		20,601		106			1,436			26,159
Larger Transaction Market (≥$20 million)		141		8,878		73,331		83		3,980		30,634		58			4,898			42,697

		2,137	$	17,205	$	286,909		1,588	$	8,864	$	162,796		549		$	8,341		$	124,113

Table of Contents

~~COVID-19~~

~~We are closely monitoring the impact of the~~

~~COVID-19~~

~~pandemic on all aspects of our business and in the regions we operate. We continue to follow the local guidelines in cities where our offices are located, and all of our offices have~~

~~re-opened,~~

~~and those that have not been able to~~

~~re-open~~

~~due to state and local restrictions are available to our employees and sales and financing professionals on an~~

~~as-needed~~

~~basis.~~

~~Our business was impacted by the~~

~~COVID-19~~

pandemic during most of 2020, with the total number of transactions and total revenues declining 7.9% and 11.1% in the year ended December 31, 2020, respectively, compared to the same period in 2019. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, total revenues declined 3.5% compared to the same period in 2020. While our total revenues were below prior years’ levels, returning to prior years’ levels remains a major priority for us. We are extending the uses of technology and resource sharing measures adopted over the past year as ways to achieve more efficiency on a long-term basis.

Although the negative impact to our business has moderated, we anticipate that total revenues may be impacted for at least the first half of 2021 and until more stable business conditions begin to resume in 2021. We continue to monitor the expected trends and related demand for our services and will continue to adjust our operations accordingly. Our priority is to support our team’s efforts to increase client contact, provide expanded content and advisory services to investors and clients, and preserve our financial position through expense reductions. Given our significant liquidity, we expect our company to be well positioned to benefit from and contribute to the real estate transaction recovery when it emerges, including making accretive and synergistic acquisitions, which will help expand service offerings and market coverage.

~~Due to a high degree of uncertainty and fluidity of this situation, we are unable to predict the full extent of the continuing impact of the~~

~~COVID-19~~

pandemic on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. These uncertainties include the scope, severity and duration of the pandemic; variants in the virus and the effects thereof; expectation gaps among buyers and sellers on pricing and property operation, vulnerability to further economic weakness and/or slow recovery; a more difficult market environment for new investment sales and financing professionals who are experiencing extended

~~ramp-up~~

time to reach production goals; the actions taken by state and local governments to contain the pandemic or mitigate its impact, including vaccination programs; the direct and indirect economic effects of the pandemic and containment measures and actions taken; and the impact of these and other factors on our employees, independent contractors, clients and potential clients.

Factors Affecting Our Business

Our business and our operating results, financial condition and liquidity are significantly affected by the number and size of commercial real estate investment sales and financing transactions that we close in any period. The number and size of these transactions are affected by our ability to recruit and retain investment sales and financing professionals, identify and contract properties for sale, and identify those that need financing and refinancing. We principally monitor the commercial real estate market through four factors, which generally drive our business. The factors are the economy, commercial real estate supply and demand, capital markets, and investor sentiment and investment activity.

The Economy

Our business is dependent on economic conditions within the markets in which we operate. Changes in the economy on a global, national, regional or local basis can have a positive or a negative impact on our business. Economic indicators and projections related to job growth, unemployment, interest rates, retail spending and confidence trends can have a positive or a negative impact on our business. Overall market conditions, including global trade, interest rate changes, inflation, and job creation, can affect investor sentiment and, ultimately, the demand for our services from investors in real estate.

Last year’s economic bounce supported 5.7% GDP growth and the recovery of more than 6.7 million jobs, but in conjunction with other forces, the rapid gains pushed inflation to 8.5% year-over-year through March 2022 — the highest level in 40 years. Supply chain disruptions, surging housing costs, significant wage pressure and a variety of other factors were exacerbated by the energy cost surge sparked by the war in Ukraine. The conflict will remain a significant variable going forward, generating both energy and food inflation, as well as increased uncertainty. The Federal Reserve had already begun to address inflation in late 2021 ~~economic outlook was bolstered~~by phasing out quantitative easing, then they followed that with interest rate increases beginning in March 2022. In total, the Federal Reserve is expected to raise their overnight rate by 175 to 250 basis points in 2022, pushing up the cost of debt for investors. Economic momentum remained strong in the first quarter ~~by the release of a third major stimulus package, the rapid deployment of~~

~~COVID-19~~

~~vaccines~~with job additions totaling 1.7 million, unemployment declining to 3.6% and ~~a reduction of safety restrictions by many states. In the first quarter,~~ core retail sales ~~climbed 14%, signaling~~continuing to rise to a ~~robust~~record $468 billion in the month of March. In addition, reductions of

COVID-19

safety protocols have begun to take hold in even the most cautious states, supporting consumption ~~recovery. Barring a major setback such~~gains as ~~significant problems with the vaccines or a wave of new vaccine-resistant~~

~~COVID-19~~

variants, many economists are predicting 2021 should deliver the strongest economic growth in a generation. We believe the prospect of a strong recovery could continue to help restrain the distressed asset market because many investors believe their asset performance could quickly recover, enabling them to cover missed payments. There are, however, still many hurdles to overcome. Total employment remains well-below

~~pre-pandemic~~

~~levels, numerous service-sector businesses have shuttered and there is considerable uncertainty regarding a~~people return to ~~working in the office~~restaurants, shopping and entertainment venues. This should bode well for ~~many companies. We believe that while the broader recovery gains traction, these headwinds may weigh on select~~all types of commercial real estate ~~sectors and the urban core of major cities in particular. Investors appear to have begun to respond favorably~~as reduced

COVID-19

restrictions facilitate at least a partial return to the ~~anticipated economic revival. Although activity remains well below~~

~~pre-pandemic~~

~~levels of a year ago, transaction momentum has increased dramatically from the trough in the second quarter of 2020. The multifamily, industrial, self-storage and~~

~~net-leased~~

~~retail sectors have sustained the most positive momentum, while hospitality, senior housing,~~ office and ~~some types of retail remain clouded by uncertainty.~~increased hotel demand from business travelers and rising consumption.

Commercial Real Estate Supply and Demand

Our business is dependent on the willingness of investors to invest in or sell commercial real estate, which is affected by many factors beyond our control. These factors include the supply of commercial real estate, coupled with user demand for these properties, and the performance of real estate assets, when compared with other investment alternatives, such as stocks and bonds.

~~The pandemic has affected the space supply and~~Space demand ~~balance of each~~for virtually every commercial ~~real estate~~

~~sub-sector~~

~~in very different ways. A handful of~~ property types including self-storage, industrial and biotech garnered increased demand through the pandemic. Apartment and manufactured housing demand have largely remained stable on a macro level as have most types of

~~net-leased~~

assets. There is a broad-based perception that properties like hotels, student housing, senior housing and some types of multitenant retail could mount a relatively quick recovery once the pandemic passes, and there is still substantial uncertainty surrounding the office space demand outlook. In addition, space demand has varied dramatically between urban and suburban locations, as well as by metro with each state and city enforcing very different health and safety protocols over the last year. In terms of new supply, apartment and industrial development has continued virtually unchecked while space additions of most other property types declined. This reflects the challenges the construction industry has faced during the pandemic as well as the 13.5% rise in construction coststype gained momentum over the last year through ~~March 2021. Barring an unanticipated setback, we believe that as greater clarity surrounding~~ the ~~health, economic~~first quarter 2022. Industrial and multifamily space absorption reached record levels, retail has now sustained positive momentum for six quarters and office properties have sustained positive demand for four consecutive quarters. Limited-service hotel demand has nearly fully recovered to

pre-pandemic

levels, and the end of

COVID-19

restrictions bodes well for the return of business travel, supporting the full-service hotel segment. This positive demand momentum, in conjunction with curtailed real estate development due to shortages of construction labor and building materials, has contributed to falling vacancy rates for most property types. Suburban areas nationwide and Sun Belt markets in general have outperformed over the last year, but the reduction of

COVID-19

restrictions could boost commercial real estate ~~fundamentals~~space demand in urban areas and in metros that had more restrictive

COVID-19

policies. Positive absorption, vacancy rate and rent growth metrics have helped support aggressive investor underwriting, and we believe the supply and demand outlook, ~~emerges, investor activity should recover over time.~~barring a significant geopolitical, financial market or economic setback, remains positive.

Capital Markets

Credit and liquidity issues in the financial markets have a direct impact on the flow of capital to the commercial real estate market. Real estate purchases are often financed with debt, and as a result, credit and liquidity impact transaction activity and prices. Changes in interest rates, as well as steady and protracted movements of interest rates in one direction, whether ~~increases~~increasing or ~~decreases,~~decreasing, could adversely or positively affect the operations and income potential of commercial real estate properties, as well as lender and equity underwriting for real estate investments. These changes generally influence the demand of investors for commercial real estate investments.

~~Capital liquidity remains strong with~~

Both equity and debt ~~financing available for most property types~~capital remain very liquid, supporting record commercial real estate sales dollar volume in ~~most markets. Hotels~~the first quarter; however, we believe that if interest rates increase significantly in a short period of time, they could begin to restrain transaction activity as the higher cost of capital widens the expectation gap between buyers and ~~some retail properties still face difficulty~~sellers. Lenders have remained aggressive in ~~obtaining financing through traditional channels,~~both the placement and pricing of capital, but some ~~private lenders~~caution has begun to enter the marketplace as the

10-year

Treasury rate climbed quickly in recent weeks. Borrowers have ~~stepped~~shifted their preference from adjustable-rate loans to fixed rates when possible, and there is increased urgency to lock rates on

in-process

transactions and refinancing. The strategic shift in borrower activity reflects Federal Reserve Chairman Powell’s comments that the Federal Reserve expects to raise rates seven times this year, which many believe will translate to a 175 to 250 basis point increase in rates. Many investors believe the Fed rate increases will translate to higher commercial real estate mortgage rates, but other factors could come into ~~that space to provide liquidity. In such cases, the investor’s qualifications may be even more important than the asset they are financing. Although banks~~play. Fed action and ~~government agencies continue to be the most active lenders, each providing more than~~

~~one-third~~

~~of the total lending, other sources including commercial mortgage-backed securities have reentered the market to offer additional financing options. In general, both lending and~~long-term interest rates ~~appear~~tend to not have a

one-to-one

movement relationship and can even move contrary to each other on occasion. Should there be ~~moving back toward a~~

~~pre-pandemic~~

~~balance. Investors have been keenly aware of the sharp rise in interest rates during the first quarter, largely driven by speculation of~~ a ~~strong economic recovery and a flow of capital out of the~~significant financial market or geopolitical disruption, an investor flight to safety ~~of the bond market, but treasury rates appear to have stabilized and they remain below~~

~~pre-pandemic~~

~~levels. Federal Reserve statements have remained accommodative and although inflation risk has emerged~~could act as a ~~leading investor concern, inflation remains in~~meaningful counterbalance to upward pressure from the ~~Fed’s target range. Based on the foregoing, we believe market liquidity should remain strong, barring a significant pandemic-related or financial market setback.~~benchmark rate.

Investor Sentiment and Investment Activity

We rely on investors to buy and sell properties in order to generate commissions. Investors’ desires to engage in real estate transactions are dependent on many factors that are beyond our control. The economy, supply and demand for properly positioned properties, available credit and market events impact investor sentiment and, therefore, transaction velocity. In addition, our private clients, who make up the largest source of revenue, are often motivated to buy, sell and/or refinance properties due to personal circumstances, such as death, divorce, partnership breakups and estate planning.

~~Investor activity remains well-below year ago levels, but recovery~~Commercial real estate sales dollar volume set a record high in 2021, and the momentum ~~is mounting~~has carried into 2022, delivering the strongest first quarter on record. Activity was broad-based, led by apartment and industrial properties. Only office properties and seniors housing sales remain soft by historical standards as ~~uncertainty surrounding~~investors consider the ~~economic and~~impact of

COVID-19

on the two property segments. The demand for commercial real estate ~~outlook begins to abate. Much of the hesitancy has been on the sellers’ side as they wait for the strengthening economy to bolster occupancy levels and boost property values. This~~ is ~~leading to a widening of the pricing expectation gap as buyers attempt to acquire properties~~especially acute in markets with ~~a “COVID discount” and sellers eye the particularly~~ strong growth ~~projections. The most stable assets in stronger markets are achieving pricing above~~

~~pre-pandemic~~

levels, while assets with considerable uncertainty such as office properties that lack long-term, high-credit tenants continue to navigate the price discovery process. However, we believe low interest rates and generally broad capital availability have been positive forces supporting activity. We believe the many investors still on the sidelines have ample capital

~~on-hand~~

~~to spur transaction activity once uncertainties abate, particularly after vaccinations reach~~trends. Elevated inflation could form a ~~critical mass. Looking forward, tax policy is beginning to emerge as a primary concern~~tailwind for investors. Prospective increases in personal, corporate, capital gains and estate taxes have the potential to dampen consumption and business investment while simultaneously rendering existing investment and estate plans obsolete. Tax policy changes could spark a short-term wave of transactions or they could slow transaction activity depending on exactly how the changes are framed and the time frame in which they are enacted. In addition, questions remain about the future of 1031 tax deferred exchanges, but this tax code section has survived many attempts at elimination largely because studies have demonstrated that cancelling this tax code section would likely cause considerable economic and tax revenue losses. Nonetheless, we believe the emerging medical solutions to the health crisis and the eventual release of

~~pent-up~~

~~demand among consumers and real estate investors should ultimately outweigh tax policy and the remaining headwinds impairing investor decisions.~~

~~Seasonality~~

Our real estate brokerage commissions and financing fees have tended to be seasonal and, combined with other factors, can affect an investor’s ability to compare our financial condition and results of operations on a

~~quarter-by-quarter~~

basis. Historically, this seasonality has generally caused our revenue, operating income, net income and cash flows from operating activities to be lower in the first half of the year and higher in the second half of the year, particularly in the fourth quarter. The concentration of earnings and cash flows in the last six months of the year, particularly in the fourth quarter, is due to an industry-wide focus of clients to complete transactions towards the end of the calendar year. This historical trend can be disrupted both positively and negatively by major economic events, political events, natural disasters or pandemics such as the

~~COVID-19~~

pandemic, which may impact, among other things, investor sentiment for a particular property type or location, volatility in financial markets, current and future projections of interest rates, attractiveness of other asset classes, market liquidity and the extent of limitations or availability of capital allocations for larger property buyers, among others. Private client investors may accelerate or delay transactions due to personal or business-related reasons unrelated to economic events. In addition, our operating margins are typically lower during the second half of each year due to our commission structure for some of our senior investment sales and financing professionals. These senior investment sales and financing professionals are on a graduated commission schedule that resets annually, pursuant to which higher commissions are paid for higher sales volumes. Our historical pattern of seasonality may or may not continue to the same degree experienced in prior years.

~~Operating Segments~~

We follow the guidance for segment reporting, which requires reporting information on operating segments in interim and annual financial statements. Substantially all of our operations involve the delivery of commercial real estate services to our customers including real estate investment sales, financing and consulting and advisory services. Management makes operating decisions, assesses performance and allocates resources based on an ongoing review of these integrated operations, which constitute only one operating segment for financial reporting purposes.

as many believe the sector offers increased inflation resistance. This may at least partially offset the headwind posed by rising interest rates.

Key Financial Measures and Indicators

Revenues

Our revenues are primarily generated from our real estate investment sales business. In addition to real estate brokerage commissions, we generate revenues from financing fees and from other revenues, which are primarily comprised of consulting and advisory fees.

Because our business is transaction oriented, we rely on investment sales and financing professionals to continually develop leads, identify properties to sell and finance, market those properties and close the sale timely to generate a consistent flow of revenue. While our sales volume is impacted by seasonality factors, the timing of closings is also dependent on many market and personal factors unique to a particular client or transaction, particularly clients transacting in the

$1-$10 million

private client market segment. These factors can cause transactions to be accelerated or delayed beyond our control. Further, commission rates earned are generally inversely related to the value of the property sold. As a result of our expansion into the middle and larger transaction market segments, we have seen our overall commission rates fluctuate from

period-to-period

as a result of changes in the relative mix of the number and volume of investment sales transactions closed in the middle and larger transaction market segments as compared to the

$1-$10 million

private client market segment. These factors may result in

period-to-period

variations in our revenues that differ from historical patterns.

A small percentage of our transactions include retainer fees and/or breakage fees. Retainer fees are credited against a success-based fee paid upon the closing of a transaction or a breakage fee. Transactions that are terminated before completion will sometimes generate breakage fees, which are usually calculated as a set amount or a percentage of the fee we would have received had the transaction closed.

Real Estate Brokerage Commissions

We earn real estate brokerage commissions by acting as a broker for commercial real estate owners seeking to sell or investors seeking to buy properties. Revenues from real estate brokerage commissions are typically recognized at the close of escrow.

Financing Fees

We earn financing fees by securing financing on purchase transactions or by securing refinancing of our clients’ existing mortgage debt. We recognize financing fee revenues at the time the loan closes, and we have no remaining significant obligations for performance in connection with the transaction.

To a lesser extent, we also earn fees on mortgage servicing, ~~revenue, mortgage servicing fees,~~loan performance, equity advisory services, loan sales, loan guarantees and ancillary ~~fees~~services associated with financing activities. ~~We recognize mortgage servicing revenues upon the acquisition of a servicing obligation.~~ We generate mortgage servicing fees through the provision of collection, remittance, recordkeeping, reporting and other related mortgage servicing functions, activities and services. We recognize mortgage servicing revenues upon the acquisition of a servicing obligation. We recognize guarantee fees over the term of the guarantee and other fees when we have no further obligations, generally upon the closing of a transaction.

Other Revenues

Other revenues include fees generated from consulting, advisory and other real estate services performed by our investment sales professionals, as well as referral fees from other real estate brokers. Revenues from these services are recognized as they are performed and completed.

Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses consist of cost of services, selling, general and administrative expenses and depreciation and amortization. The significant components of our expenses are further described below.

Cost of Services

The majority of our cost of services expense is variable commissions paid to our investment sales professionals and compensation-related costs related to our financing activities. Commission expenses are directly attributable to providing services to our clients for investment sales and financing services. Most of our investment sales and financing professionals are independent contractors and are paid commissions; however, because there are some who are initially paid a salary and certain of our financing professionals are employees, costs of services also include employee-related compensation, employer taxes and benefits for those employees. The commission rates we pay to our investment sales and financing professionals vary based on individual contracts negotiated and are generally higher for the more experienced professionals. Some of our most senior investment sales and financing professionals can also ~~have the ability to~~ earn additional commissions after meeting certain annual financial thresholds. These additional commissions are recognized as cost of services in the period in which they are earned. Payment of a portion of these additional commissions are generally deferred for a period of one or three years, at our election, and paid at the beginning of the second ~~and~~or fourth calendar year. Cost of services also includes referral fees paid to other real estate brokers where we are the principal service provider. Cost of services, therefore, can vary based on the commission structure of the independent contractors that closed transactions in any particular period.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

The largest expense component within selling, general and administrative expenses is personnel expenses for our management team and sales and support staff. In addition, these costs include facilities costs (excluding depreciation and amortization), staff related expenses, sales, marketing, legal, telecommunication, network, data sources, transaction costs related to acquisitions, changes in fair value for contingent and deferred consideration and other administrative expenses. Also included in selling, general and administrative are expenses for stock-based compensation to

non-employee

directors, employees and independent contractors (i.e. investment sales and financing professionals) under the Amended and Restated 2013 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (“2013 Plan”) and the 2013 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”).

Depreciation and Amortization Expense

Depreciation expense consists of depreciation recorded on our computer software and hardware and furniture, fixture and equipment. Depreciation is provided over estimated useful lives ranging from three to seven years for assets. Amortization expense consists of (i) amortization recorded on our mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”) using the interest method over the period that servicing income is expected to be received and (ii) amortization recorded on intangible assets amortized on a straight-line basis using a useful life between one and seven years.

Other Income, ~~(Expense),~~ Net

Other income, ~~(expense),~~ net primarily consists of interest income, net gains or losses on our deferred compensation plan assets, realized gains and losses on our marketable debt securities,

available-for-sale,

foreign currency gains and losses and other

non-operating

income and expenses.

Interest Expense

Interest expense primarily consists of interest expense associated with the stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) liability, notes payable to former stockholders, ~~(through the second quarter of 2020 when fully repaid)~~ and our credit agreement.

Provision for Income Taxes

We are subject to U.S. and Canadian federal taxes and individual state and local taxes based on the income generated in the jurisdictions in which we operate. Our effective tax rate fluctuates as a result of the change in the mix of our activities in the jurisdictions we operate due to differing tax rates in those jurisdictions and the impact of permanent items, including compensation charges, qualified transportation fringe benefits, uncertain tax positions, meals and entertainment and

tax-exempt

deferred compensation plan assets. Our provision for income taxes includes the windfall tax benefits and shortfall expenses, net, from shares issued in connection with our 2013 Plan and ESPP.

We record deferred taxes, net based on the tax rate expected to be in effect at the time those items are expected to be recognized for tax purposes.

Results of Operations

Following is a discussion of our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020.~~2021. The tables included in the period comparisons below provide summaries of our results of operations. The

period-to-period

comparisons of financial results are not necessarily indicative of future results.

Key Operating Metrics

We regularly review a number of key metrics to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate financial projections and make strategic decisions. We also believe these metrics are relevant to investors’ and others’ assessment of our financial condition and results of operations. During the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, we closed more than ~~2,300~~2,900 and ~~2,200~~2,300 investment sales, financing and other transactions, respectively, with total sales volume of approximately ~~$12.0~~$21 billion and ~~$11.8~~$12 billion, respectively. Such key metrics for real estate brokerage and financing activities (excluding other transactions) are as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended March 31,
Real Estate Brokerage	2021			2020			2022			2021
Average Number of Investment Sales Professionals		1,959			1,889			1,856			1,959
Average Number of Transactions per Investment Sales Professional		0.81			0.85			1.15			0.81
Average Commission per Transaction	$	102,517		$	106,396		$	134,258		$	102,517
Average Commission Rate		1.84	%		2.04	%		1.67	%		1.84	%
Average Transaction Size (in thousands)	$	5,582		$	5,227		$	8,051		$	5,582
Total Number of Transactions		1,588			1,615			2,137			1,588
Total Sales Volume (in millions)	$	8,864		$	8,442		$	17,205		$	8,864

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended March 31,
Financing (1)	2021			2020			2022			2021
Average Number of Financing Professionals		86			89			84			86
Average Number of Transactions per Financing Professional		5.74			5.37			6.19			5.74
Average Fee per Transaction	$	30,464		$	30,900		$	43,144		$	30,464
Average Fee Rate		0.93	%		0.84	%		0.84	%		0.93	%
Average Transaction Size (in thousands)	$	3,263		$	3,670		$	5,115		$	3,263
Total Number of Transactions		494			478			520			494
Total Financing Volume (in millions)	$	1,612		$	1,754		$	2,660		$	1,612

(1)	Operating metrics exclude certain financing fees not directly associated to transactions.

3029

Comparison of Three ~~months ended~~Months Ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021

Below are key operating results for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 (dollars in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,			Percentage of			Three Months Ended March 31,			Percentage of			Change						Three Months Ended March 31, 2022			Percentage of Revenue			Three Months Ended March 31, 2021			Percentage of Revenue			Change
	2021			Revenue			2020			Revenue			Dollar			Percentage			Three Months Ended March 31, 2022			Percentage of Revenue			Three Months Ended March 31, 2021			Percentage of Revenue			Dollar			Percentage
Revenues:
Real estate brokerage commissions	$	162,796			88.5	%	$	171,829			90.1	%	$	(9,033	)		(5.3	)%	$	286,909			89.8	%	$	162,796			88.5	%	$	124,113			76.2	%
Financing fees		17,843			9.7			15,351			8.0			2,492			16.2	%		26,453			8.3			17,843			9.7			8,610			48.3	%
Other revenues		3,338			1.8			3,537			1.9			(199	)		(5.6	)%		6,102			1.9			3,338			1.8			2,764			82.8	%

Total revenues		183,977			100.0			190,717			100.0			(6,740	)		(3.5	)%		319,464			100.0			183,977			100.0			135,487			73.6	%

Operating expenses:
Cost of services		109,103			59.3			113,757			59.6			(4,654	)		(4.1	)%		196,768			61.6			109,103			59.3			87,665			80.4	%
Selling, general and administrative		51,677			28.1			54,860			28.8			(3,183	)		(5.8	)%		74,535			23.3			51,677			28.1			22,858			44.2	%
Depreciation and amortization		2,997			1.6			2,464			1.3			533			21.6	%		3,911			1.2			2,997			1.6			914			30.5	%

Total operating expenses		163,777			89.0			171,081			89.7			(7,304	)		(4.3	)%		275,214			86.1			163,777			89.0			111,437			68.0	%

Operating income		20,200			11.0			19,636			10.3			564			2.9	%		44,250			13.8			20,200			11.0			24,050			119.1	%
Other income (expense), net		1,044			0.6			(366	)		(0.2	)		1,410			(385.2	)%
Other income, net																				450			0.1			1,044			0.6			(594	)		(56.9	)%
Interest expense		(146	)		(0.1	)		(283	)		(0.1	)		137			(48.4	)%		(160	)		0.0			(146	)		(0.1	)		(14	)		9.6	%

Income before provision for income taxes		21,098			11.5			18,987			10.0			2,111			11.1	%		44,540			13.9			21,098			11.5			23,442			111.1	%
Provision for income taxes		6,086			3.3			5,917			3.1			169			2.9	%		11,757			3.7			6,086			3.3			5,671			93.2	%

Net income	$	15,012			8.2	%	$	13,070			6.9	%	$	1,942			14.9	%	$	32,783			10.3	%	$	15,012			8.2	%	$	17,771			118.4	%

Adjusted EBITDA (1)	$	25,695			14.0	%	$	22,378			11.7	%	$	3,317			14.8	%	$	51,852			16.2	%	$	25,695			14.0	%	$	26,157			101.8	%

(1)

Adjusted EBITDA is not a measurement of our financial performance under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and should not be considered as an alternative to net income, operating income or any other measures derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP. For a definition of Adjusted EBITDA and a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income, see

“Non-GAAP

Financial Measure.”

Revenues

Our total revenues were ~~$184.0~~$319.5 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$190.7~~$184.0 million for the same period in ~~2020, a decrease~~2021, an increase of ~~$6.7~~$135.5 million, or ~~3.5%~~73.6%. Total revenues ~~decreased primarily~~increased as a result of ~~a decrease~~increases in real estate brokerage commissions, ~~partially offset by an increase in~~ financing fees and other revenues, as described below. ~~Other revenues remained relatively comparable.~~

Real estate brokerage commissions.

Revenues from real estate brokerage commissions ~~decreased~~increased to ~~$162.8~~$286.9 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 from ~~$171.8~~$162.8 million for the same period in ~~2020, a decrease~~2021, an increase of ~~$9.0~~$124.1 million, or ~~5.3%~~76.2%. The ~~decrease~~increase was primarily driven by a ~~20 basis points decrease~~94.1% increase in ~~average commission rates, partially offset~~overall sales volume generated by a ~~5.0%~~34.6% increase in sales volume. Sales volume was primarily impacted by a 6.8% increase in the average transaction size due to a larger proportion of transactions closed by our larger transaction market segment, partially offset by a 1.7% decrease in the number of ~~transactions.~~investment sales transactions and a 44.2% increase in average transaction size. The revenue from the combined Middle Market and Larger Transaction Market increased 134.3% in the first quarter of 2022 as compared to the same period last year and represented 41.9% of the brokerage revenue in the first quarter 2022. As the Middle Market and Larger Transaction Market typically earn lower commission rates, the average commission rates in the first quarter decreased by 17 basis points compared to the same period last year.

Financing fees.

Revenues from financing fees increased to ~~$17.8~~$26.5 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 from ~~$15.4~~$17.8 million for the same period in ~~2020,~~2021, an increase of ~~$2.5~~$8.6 million, or ~~16.2%. The increase was primarily driven by our recent acquisitions~~48.3%, resulting from the growth in financing volume and other ancillary financing fees.

The increase in financing volume of 65.0% is underpinned by a 56.8% increase in average transaction size and a 5.3% increase in the number of financing transactions. Average fee rate declined by 9 basis point due to larger financing transactions.

Other revenues.

Other revenues ~~of $3.3~~increased to $6.1 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021 were relatively comparable to the $3.5~~2022 from $3.3 million for the same period in ~~2020.~~2021, an increase of $2.8 million, or 82.8%. The increase was primarily driven by increases in consulting and advisory services during the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to the same period in 2021.

Total Operating Expenses

Our total operating expenses were ~~$163.8~~$275.2 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$171.1~~$163.8 million for the same period in ~~2020, a decrease~~2021, an increase of ~~$7.3~~$111.4 million, or ~~4.3%~~68.0%. The ~~decrease~~increase was ~~primarily~~ due to ~~decreases~~increases in cost of services, which are variable commissions paid to our investment sales professionals and compensation-related costs in connection with our financing activities, ~~and~~ selling, general and administrative costs ~~partially offset by an increase in~~ and depreciation and amortization expense, as described below.

Cost of services.

Cost of services ~~decreased~~increased to ~~$109.1~~$196.8 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 from ~~$113.8~~$109.1 million for the same period in ~~2020, a decrease~~2021, an increase of ~~$4.7~~$87.7 million, or ~~4.1%~~80.4%. The ~~decrease~~increase was primarily due to ~~decreased~~increased commission expenses driven by the related ~~decreased~~increased revenues noted above. Cost of services as a percent of total revenues ~~decreased~~increased to ~~59.3%~~61.6% compared to ~~59.6%~~59.3% for the same period in ~~2020~~2021 primarily due to ~~a higher proportion of transactions that were closed by~~ our ~~more~~ senior investment sales and financing professionals at the start of the pandemic during the three months ended March 31, 2020. Traditionally, cost of services as a percent of total revenues is lower during the three-month periods ended March 31 as certain investment professionals maywho earn ~~a higher commission rate later in the year~~additional commissions after meeting certain annual ~~revenue thresholds.~~financial thresholds, reaching their thresholds earlier than anticipated.

Selling, general, and administrative expense.

Selling, general and administrative expense for the ~~three months ended March 31, 2021 decreased $3.2~~first quarter of 2022 increased by $22.9 million ~~or 5.8%,~~ to ~~$51.7~~$74.5 million, ~~from $54.9 million for~~compared to the same period in ~~2020.~~the prior year. The ~~decrease~~change was primarily due to ~~decreases~~increases in (i) ~~sales operations support and promotional marketing expenses~~compensation related costs, primarily due to the Company’s annual sales recognition event being cancelled due to ongoing concerns about the pandemic; (ii) legal costs; and (iii) net other expense categories, including stock-based compensation expense. These decreases were partially offsetdriven by increases in ~~(i)~~management performance compensation due to significant year-over-year growth in operating ~~costs~~results; (ii) business development, marketing and other support related to ~~acquired businesses in~~ the ~~last 12 months; (ii) compensation related costs, including variable employee incentive compensation as a result~~long-term retention of our ~~performance~~sales and ~~deferred compensation obligations;~~financing professionals; (iii) recommencement of

in-person

agent and ~~(iii) facilities~~client business events, conferences, and meetings; and (iv) expenses ~~due~~related to ~~the expansion of existing offices and~~ our ~~acquisition activities.~~recent acquisitions.

Depreciation and amortization expense.

Depreciation and amortization expense increased to ~~$3.0~~$3.9 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 from ~~$2.5~~$3.0 million for the same period in ~~2020,~~2021, an increase of ~~$0.5~~$0.9 million, or ~~21.6%. The increase was primarily driven by our expansion~~30.5%, principally related to additional amortization of MSRs and ~~growth due~~Intangible assets related to recent acquisitions.

Other Income, ~~(Expense),~~ Net

Other income, ~~(expense),~~ net ~~increased~~decreased to ~~$1.0~~$0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 from ~~$(0.4)~~$1.0 million for the same period in ~~2020.~~2021. The ~~increase~~decrease was primarily driven by (i) ~~a $1.7 million favorable~~an unfavorable change in the value of our deferred compensation plan assets that are held in a rabbi ~~trust;~~trust and (ii) a ~~$1.2 million foreign currency gain related to our Canadian operations. These increases were partially offset by (i) a $1.4 million~~ reduction in interest income on our investments in marketable debt securities,

available-for-sale

due to an overall ~~decrease~~change in interest ~~rates; and (ii) a net $0.1 million reduction in other categories.~~rates.

Interest Expense

Interest expense ~~decreased~~increased to ~~$0.1~~$0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 from ~~$0.3~~$0.1 million for the same period in ~~2020.~~2021. The ~~decrease~~increase for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 was primarily due to ~~a decrease~~an increase in interest expense on SARs ~~liability and no interest expense related to notes payable to former stockholders, which were fully repaid during the second quarter of 2020.~~liability.

Provision for Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes was ~~$6.1~~$11.8 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022, compared to ~~$5.9~~$6.1 million in the same period in ~~2020,~~2021, an increase of ~~$0.2 million, or 2.9%.~~$5.7 million. The effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022, was ~~28.8%~~26.4% compared to ~~31.2%~~28.8% for the same period in ~~2020.~~2021. The effective income tax rate decreased primarily due to the ~~effect~~change in the relationship of permanent nondeductible items ~~driven by the increase in value of our deferred compensation plan assets, a lower valuation allowance required~~to income before provision for ~~the deferred tax assets of the Company’s Canadian operations and a shift in the blended state tax rate to lower taxing jurisdictions, partially offset by~~income taxes, an increase in ~~amounts that were not deductible under Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m) limitations.~~windfall tax benefits, net related to the settlement of stock-based awards, adjustments to the valuation allowance related to Canadian income and a reduction in the average state rate due to a change in apportionment factors.

3231

Non-GAAP

Financial Measure

In this quarterly report on Form

10-Q,

we include a

non-GAAP

financial measure, adjusted earnings before interest income/expense, taxes, depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation and other

non-cash

items, or Adjusted EBITDA. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income before (i) interest income and other, including net realized gains (losses) on marketable debt securities,

available-for-sale

and cash and cash equivalents, (ii) interest expense, (iii) provision for income taxes, (iv) depreciation and amortization, (v) stock-based compensation, and

(vi) non-cash

MSR activity. We use Adjusted EBITDA in our business operations to evaluate the performance of our business, develop budgets and measure our performance against those budgets, among other things. We also believe that analysts and investors use Adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental measure to evaluate our overall operating performance. However, Adjusted EBITDA has material limitations as ~~an analytical tool~~a supplemental metric and should not be considered in isolation, or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under U.S. GAAP. We find Adjusted EBITDA to be a useful ~~tool~~management metric to assist in evaluating performance, because Adjusted EBITDA eliminates items related to capital structure, taxes and

non-cash

items. In light of the foregoing limitations, we do not rely solely on Adjusted EBITDA as a performance measure and also consider our U.S. GAAP results. Adjusted EBITDA is not a measurement of our financial performance under U.S. GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income, operating income or any other measures calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Because Adjusted EBITDA is not calculated in the same manner by all companies, it may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures used by other companies. A reconciliation of the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measure, net income, to Adjusted EBITDA is as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021			2020			2022			2021
Net income	$	15,012		$	13,070		$	32,783		$	15,012
Adjustments:
Interest income and other (1)		(531	)		(2,003	)		(615	)		(531	)
Interest expense		146			283			160			146
Provision for income taxes		6,086			5,917			11,757			6,086
Depreciation and amortization		2,997			2,464			3,911			2,997
Stock-based compensation		2,288			2,632			3,856			2,288
Non-cash MSR activity (2)		(303	)		15			—			(303	)

Adjusted EBITDA (3)	$	25,695		$	22,378		$	51,852		$	25,695

(1)	Other includes net realized gains (losses) on marketable debt securities available-for-sale.

(2)	Non-cash MSR activity includes the assumption of servicing obligations.

(3)	The increase in Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 compared to the same period in ~~2020~~2021 is primarily due to a lower proportion of operating expenses compared to total revenues.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash and cash equivalents, cash flows from operations, marketable debt securities,

available-for-sale

and, if necessary, borrowings under our credit agreement. In order to enhance yield to us, we have invested a portion of our cash in money market funds and fixed and variable income debt securities, in accordance with our investment policy approved by the board of directors. Certain of our investments in money market funds may not maintain a stable net asset value and may impose fees on redemptions and/or gating fees. To date, the Company has not experienced any restrictions or gating fees on its ability to redeem funds from money market funds. Although we have historically funded our operations through operating cash flows, there can be no assurance that we can continue to meet our cash requirements entirely through our operations, cash and cash equivalents, proceeds from the sale of marketable debt securities,

available-for-sale

or availability under our credit agreement.

3332

Cash Flows

Our total cash and cash equivalents balance decreased by ~~$21.4~~$66.4 million to ~~$221.7~~$315.7 million at March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, compared to ~~$243.2~~$382.1 million at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. The following table sets forth our summary cash flows for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 (in thousands):

   Three Months Ended
March 31,
   2021 2020
Net cash used in operating activities
   $ (20,102 ) $ (52,793 )
Net cash provided by investing activities
   3,141 13,097
Net cash used in financing activities
   (4,516 ) (2,940 )


Effect of currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
   33 (274 )


Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
   (21,444 ) (42,910 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
   243,152 232,670


Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
   $ 221,708 $ 189,760


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021
Net cash flows from operating activities	$	(67,535	)	$	(20,102)
Net cash flows from investing activities		6,983			3,141
Net cash flows from financing activities		(5,943	)		(4,516	)

Effect of currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		50			33

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		(66,445	)		(21,444	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		382,140			243,152

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	315,695		$	221,708

Operating Activities

Cash flows used in operating activities were ~~$20.1~~$(67.5) million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$52.8~~cash flows used in operating activities of $(20.1) million for the same period in ~~2020.~~2021. Net cash used in operating activities is driven by our net income, adjusted for

non-cash

items and changes in operating assets and liabilities. The ~~$32.7~~$(47.4) million ~~decreased usage~~decrease in operating cash flows for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 compared to the same period in ~~2020~~2021 was primarily due to ~~a lower proportion of operating expenses compared to total revenues, differences in timing of certain payments and receipts, a decrease~~an increase in advances ~~related~~ to ~~the acquisitions of teams and long-term retention of~~ our investment sales and financing professionals, higher amount of deferred discretionary commissions paid, and ~~a reduction in~~higher bonus ~~accruals. We traditionally experience net~~payments, partially offset by increased cash ~~used in~~flow from operating ~~activities during the three-month periods ended March 31, since bonuses~~activity from increased sales and ~~certain deferred commissions related to the prior year(s) are typically paid during the first quarter of the new year.~~financing volume.

Investing Activities

Cash flows provided by investing activities were ~~$3.1~~$7.0 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 compared to cash flows provided by investing activities of ~~$13.1~~$3.1 million for the same period in ~~2020.~~2021. The ~~$10.0~~$3.9 million ~~decrease~~increase in cash ~~flows provided by~~flow from investing activities for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 compared to the same period in ~~2020~~2021 was primarily due to a ~~$17.9~~$17.6 million ~~reduction~~increase in net ~~proceeds from sales and~~ maturities of marketable debt securities, partially offset by a ~~$6.2~~$12.7 million ~~reduction~~increase in cash used in acquisitions of businesses, net of cash received during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 compared to the same period in ~~2020.~~2021.

Financing Activities

Cash flows used in financing activities were ~~$4.5~~$(6.0) million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$2.9~~$(4.5) million for the same period in ~~2020.~~2021. The ~~change in~~$(1.5) million additional cash ~~flows~~flow used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 compared to the same period in ~~2020~~2021 was primarily ~~impacted by principal payments on deferred consideration for acquisitions with no such comparable outflow for the same period in 2020.~~due to taxes paid related to net share settlement of stock-based awards.

Liquidity

We believe that our existing balances of cash and cash equivalents, cash flows expected to be generated from our operations, proceeds from the sale of marketable debt securities,

available-for-sale

and borrowings available under the Credit Agreement (defined below) will be sufficient to satisfy our operating requirements for at least the next 12 months. If we need to raise additional capital through public or private debt or equity financings, strategic relationships or other arrangements, this capital might not be available to us in a timely manner, on acceptable terms, or at all. Our failure to raise sufficient capital when needed could prevent us from funding acquisitions or otherwise financing our growth or operations. ~~In addition, our SARs agreements have provisions, which could accelerate repayment of outstanding principal and accrued interest and impact our liquidity.~~ As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, cash and cash equivalents and marketable debt securities,

available-for-sale,

aggregated ~~$423.1~~$587.7 million, and we had $59.5 million of borrowing capacity under our credit agreement.

Credit Agreement

We have a Credit Agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association for a $60.0 million principal amount senior secured revolving credit facility that is guaranteed by all of our domestic subsidiaries and matures on June 1, 2022 (the “Credit Agreement”). See Note 13 – “Commitments and Contingencies” of our Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the Credit Agreement.

~~Contractual Obligations~~

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company, in connection with the Strategic Alliance with MTRCC , has agreed to provide loan opportunities that may be funded through MTRCC’s agreement with Fannie Mae requires MTRCC to guarantee a portion of each funded loan. On

a loan-by-loan basis,

the Company, at its option, can assume a portion of MTRCC’s guarantee obligation of loan opportunities presented to and ~~Commitments~~closed by MTRCC. As of March 31, 2022, the Company has agreed to a maximum aggregate guarantee obligation of $4.0 million relating to loans with an unpaid balance of $24.0 million. The maximum guarantee obligation is not representative of the actual loss we would incur. The Company would be liable for this amount only if all of the loans for which it is providing a guarantee to MTRCC were to default and all of the collateral underlying these loans was determined to be without value at the time of settlement.

Material Cash Requirements

There have been no material changes in our commitments under contractual obligations, as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form

10-K

for the year ended December 31, ~~2020~~2021 through the date the condensed consolidated financial statements were ~~issued.~~

~~Off Balance Sheet Arrangements~~

~~We do not have any~~

~~off-balance~~

~~sheet arrangements.~~issued, other than for the payment of dividends and dividend equivalents declared by our board of directors aggregating $52.1 million.

Inflation

Our ~~revenues~~commissions and other variable costs related to revenue are primarily affected by real estate market supply and demand, which may be affected by uncertain or changing economic and market conditions, including inflation/deflation arising in connection with and in response to various macroeconomic factors, including the effects of the

COVID-19

~~pandemic.~~pandemic on the broader economy.

The Federal Reserve has signaled its plans to combat inflation through monetary policy including the wind-down of quantitative easing and by raising the Federal Funds Rate. While commercial real estate investment is relatively inflation resistant, the upward pressure on interest rates has the potential to affect investor activity and therefore transactional activity from which we generate revenues. The investor activity will depend on the magnitude of changes in interest rates relative to the elevated level of capital liquidity targeting commercial real estate. The actual economic impact from ~~inflation/deflation~~inflation to our business remains unknown at this time.

Critical Accounting Policies; Use of Estimates

We prepare our financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In applying many of these accounting principles, we make assumptions, estimates and/or judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses in our condensed consolidated financial statements. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. These assumptions, estimates and/or judgments, however, are often subjective and our actual results may change based on changing circumstances or changes in our analyses. If actual amounts are ultimately different from our estimates, the revisions are included in our results of operations for the period in which the actual amounts become known. There were no significant changes in our critical accounting policies, as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form

10-K

for the year ended December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

For information regarding recent accounting pronouncements, see Note 1 – “Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Recent Accounting Pronouncements” of our Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Although we do not believe any of the other accounting pronouncements listed in that note will have a significant impact on our business, we are still in the process of determining the impact of the new pronouncements may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We maintain a portfolio of investments in a variety of fixed and variable debt rate securities, including U.S. Treasuries, U.S. government sponsored entities, corporate debt, asset-backed securities and other. As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the fair value of investments in marketable debt securities,

available-for-sale

was ~~$201.4~~$272 million. The primary objective of our investment activity is to maintain the safety of principal and to provide for future liquidity requirements while maximizing yields without significantly increasing risk. While some investments may be securities of companies in foreign countries, all investments are denominated and payable in U.S. Dollars. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes. While our intent is not to sell these investment securities prior to their stated maturities, we may choose to sell any of the securities for strategic reasons including, but not limited to, anticipated capital requirements, anticipation of credit deterioration, duration management and because a security no longer meets the criteria of our investment policy. We do not use derivatives or similar instruments to manage our interest rate risk. We seek to invest in high quality investments. The weighted average rating (exclusive of cash and cash equivalents) was AAAA+ as of March 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Maturities are maintained consistent with our short-, medium- and long-term liquidity objectives.

3534

Currently, our portfolio of investments predominantly consists of fixed interest rate debt securities; however, a portion of our investment portfolio may consist of variable interest rate debt securities. Our investments in fixed interest rate debt securities are subject to various market risks. Changes in prevailing interest rates may adversely or positively impact their fair market value should interest rates generally rise or fall. Accordingly, we also may have interest rate risk with variable interest rate debt securities as the income produced may decrease if interest rates fall. Contraction in market liquidity may adversely affect the value of portions of our portfolio and affect our ability to sell securities in the time frames required and at acceptable prices. Uncertainty in future market conditions may raise market participant’s expectations of returns, thus impacting the value of securities in our portfolio as well. The following table sets forth the impact on the fair value of our investments as of March 31, ~~2021~~2022 from changes in interest rates based on the weighted average duration of the debt securities in our portfolio (in thousands):


Change in Interest Rates	Approximate Change in Fair Value of Investments Increase (Decrease)			Approximate Change in Fair Value of Investments Increase (Decrease)
2% Decrease	$	2,318		$	4,585
1% Decrease	$	1,495		$	2,574
1% Increase	$	(2,197	)	$	(2,615)
2% Increase	$	(4,394	)	$	(5,229)

Due to the nature of our business and the manner in which we conduct our operations, we believe we do not face any material interest rate risk with respect to other assets and liabilities, equity price risk or other market risks. The functional currency of our Canadian operations is the Canadian dollar. We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk for the settlement of transactions of the Canadian operations as well as unrealized translation adjustments. To date, realized foreign currency exchange rate gains and losses have not been material.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules

13a-15(f),

including maintenance of (i) records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets, and (ii) policies and procedures that provide reasonable assurance that (a) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, (b) our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and our board of directors and (c) we will prevent or timely detect unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Our management, with the supervision and participation of our chief executive officer (“CEO”) and chief financial officer (“CFO”), has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules

13a-

15(e) and

15d-

15(e) under the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this Form

10-Q,

based on the criteria established under the Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework). Based on such evaluation, our management has concluded that as of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, our disclosure controls and procedures are designed at a reasonable assurance level and are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules

13a-15(f)

and

15d-15(f)

under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. We have not experienced any significant impact to our internal controls over financial reporting despite the fact that ~~most~~a significant number of our employees and independent contractors are still working remotely due to

the COVID-19 pandemic.

The design of our processes and controls allow for remote execution with accessibility to secure data. We are continually monitoring and assessing

the COVID-19 situation

to minimize the impact, if any, on the design and operating effectiveness on our internal controls.

3635

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

We are involved in claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of our business, some of which involve claims for damages that are substantial in amount. Most of these litigation matters are covered by our insurance policies, which contain deductibles, exclusions, claim limits and aggregate policy limits. Such litigation and other proceedings may include, but are not limited to, actions relating to commercial relationships, standard brokerage disputes like the alleged failure to disclose physical or environmental defects or property expenses or contracts, the alleged inadequate disclosure of matters relating to the transaction like the relationships among the parties to the transaction, potential claims or losses pertaining to the asset, vicarious liability based upon conduct of individuals or entities outside of our control, general fraud claims, conflicts of interest claims, employment law claims, including claims challenging the classification of our sales professionals as independent contractors, claims alleging violations of state consumer fraud statutes and intellectual property. While the ultimate liability for these legal proceedings cannot be determined, we review the need for an accrual for loss contingencies quarterly and record an accrual for litigation related losses where the likelihood of loss is both probable and estimable. We do not believe, based on information currently available to us, that the final outcome of these proceedings will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes from the risk factors described in our Annual Report on

Form 10-K for

the year ended December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits


Exhibit No.		Description

31.1*		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2*		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1**		Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) under the Exchange Act and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101*		The following financial statements from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net and Comprehensive Income, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text and including detailed tags.

104*		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

*	~~Filed herewith.~~

**	Filed herewith.

**	Furnished, not filed.

+	~~Indicates management contract or compensatory plan.~~

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


		Marcus & Millichap, Inc .

Date:	~~Date:~~ May ~~7, 2021~~6, 2022	By:	/s/ Hessam Nadji
			Hessam Nadji President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

Date:	~~Date:~~ May ~~7, 2021~~6, 2022	By:	/s/ Steven F. DeGennaro
			Steven F. DeGennaro Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)


	March 31, 2021 (Unaudited)		December 31, 2020
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	221,708	$	243,152
Commissions receivable, net		8,205		10,391
Prepaid expenses		10,084		10,153
Marketable debt securities, available-for-sale (includes amortized cost of $134,460 and $158,148 at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and $0 allowance for credit losses)		134,494		158,258
Advances and loans, net		2,106		2,413
Other assets		5,642		4,711

Total current assets		382,239		429,078
Property and equipment, net		22,931		23,436
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net		81,105		84,024
Marketable debt securities, available-for-sale (includes amortized cost of $65,114 and $45,181 at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and $0 allowance for credit losses)		66,931		47,773
Assets held in rabbi trust		10,574		10,295
Deferred tax assets, net		20,629		21,374
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net		50,817		52,053
Advances and loans, net		111,781		106,913
Other assets		4,075		4,176

Total assets	$	751,082	$	779,122

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and other liabilities	$	18,919	$	18,288
Deferred compensation and commissions		33,199		58,106
Income tax payable		8,512		3,726
Operating lease liabilities		19,209		19,190
Accrued bonuses and other employee related expenses		11,478		21,007

Total current liabilities		91,317		120,317
Deferred compensation and commissions		28,745		38,745
Operating lease liabilities		57,134		59,408
Other liabilities		12,217		13,816

Total liabilities		189,413		232,286

Commitments and contingencies		0		0
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value:
Authorized shares – 25,000,000; issued and outstanding shares – NaN at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively		0		0
Common stock, $0.0001 par value:
Authorized shares – 150,000,000; issued and outstanding shares – 39,500,966 and 39,401,976 at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively		4		4
Additional paid-in capital		113,737		113,182
Retained earnings		446,088		431,076
Accumulated other comprehensive income		1,840		2,574

Total stockholders’ equity		561,669		546,836

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	751,082	$	779,122


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
	Preferred Stock				Common Stock					Additional			Stock Notes Receivable						Accumulated Other
	Shares		Amount		Shares			Amount		Paid-In Capital			From Employees			Retained Earnings			Comprehensive Income		Total

Balance at December 31, 2019		0	$	0		39,153,195		$	4	$	104,658		$	(4	)	$	388,271		$	1,978	$	494,907
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle, net of tax		0		0		0			0		0			0			(33	)		0		(33	)

Balance at January 1, 2020, as adjusted		0		0		39,153,195			4		104,658			(4	)		388,238			1,978		494,874
Net and comprehensive income		—		0		—			0		0			0			13,070			405		13,475
Stock-based award activity
Stock-based compensation		0		0		0			0		2,632			0			0			0		2,632
Issuance of common stock for vesting of restricted stock units		0		0		170,106			0		0			0			0			0		0
Shares withheld related to net share settlement of stock-based awards		0		0		(50,872	)		0		(1,689	)		0			0			0		(1,689	)

Balance as of March 31, 2020		0	$	0		39,272,429		$	4	$	105,601		$	(4	)	$	401,308		$	2,383	$	509,292


	March 31, 2021
	Less than 12 months					12 months or greater					Total
	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
U.S. government sponsored entities	$	139	$	(3	)	$	0	$	0		$	139	$	(3	)
Corporate debt		20,447		(52	)		139		(8	)		20,586		(60	)
ABS and other		363		0			345		(6	)		708		(6	)

	$	20,949	$	(55	)	$	484	$	(14	)	$	21,433	$	(69	)


	March 31, 2021
Remainder of 2021	$	2,737
2022		3,474
2023		3,419
2024		2,891
2025		2,659
Thereafter		1,591

	$	16,771


	Advances and Loans			Commissions Receivable			Total
Beginning balance as of January 1, 2021	$	563		$	94		$	657
Credit loss recovery		(67	)		(79	)		(146	)
Write-offs		(2	)		0			(2	)

Ending balance as of March 31, 2021	$	494		$	15		$	509


	RSA Grants to Non-employee Directors		RSU Grants to Employees			RSU Grants to Independent Contractors			Total			Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Nonvested shares at December 31, 2020 (1)		16,728		637,650			264,001			918,379			33.73
Granted		0		217,893			9,834			227,727			39.10
Vested		0		(132,176	)		(16,941	)		(149,117	)		33.01
Transferred		0		(3,220	)		3,220			0			31.05
Forfeited/canceled		0		(16,476	)		(3,585	)		(20,061	)		33.05

Nonvested shares at March 31, 2021 (1)		16,728		703,671			256,529			976,928			34.56

Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense as of March 31, 2021 (2)	$	42	$	24,124		$	7,212		$	31,378

Weighted average remaining vesting period (years) as of March 31, 2021		0.10		3.91			3.09			3.72