UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D.C.  20549 
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One) 
xQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 For the quarterly period ended July 31, 2016April 30, 2017
 or
oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
  For the transition period from to .
Commission File Number 001-34956
CONN'S, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 06-1672840
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
   
4055 Technology Forest Blvd, Suite 210, The Woodlands, TX 77381
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
 Registrant's telephone number, including area code:  (936) 230-5899
Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (l) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý  No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes ý  No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer"filer," "smaller reporting company," and "smaller reporting"emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filerýo Accelerated fileroý
     
Non-accelerated filero(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)Smaller reporting companyo
Emerging growth companyo
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes o  No ý
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of September 1, 2016:May 30, 2017: 
Class Outstanding
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share 30,778,29931,013,907

CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

FORM 10-Q
FOR THE FISCAL QUARTER ENDED JULY 31, 2016APRIL 30, 2017

TABLE OF CONTENTS
    Page No.
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION  
Item 1. Financial Statements  
   
   
   
   
Item 2.  
Item 3.  
Item 4.  
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION  
Item 1.  
Item 1A.  
Item 2.  
Item 3.  
Item 4.  
Item 5.  
Item 6.  
   
   
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes our trademarks such as "Conn's," "Conn's HomePlus," "YES Money," "YE$ Money," and our logos, which are protected under applicable intellectual property laws and are the property of Conn's, Inc. This report also contains trademarks, service marks, trade names and copyrights of other companies, which are the property of their respective owners. Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to in this Quarterly Report may appear without the ® or TM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the rights of the applicable licensor to these trademarks and trade names.
Unless the context otherwise indicates, referencesReferences to "Conn's," the "Company," "we," "us," and "our" refer to the consolidated business operations of Conn's, Inc., and, as apparent from the context, its consolidated VIEs,bankruptcy-remote variable-interest entities (“VIEs”), and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.

PART I.FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(unaudited and in thousands, except per share data)amounts)
July 31,
2016
 January 31,
2016
April 30,
2017
 January 31,
2017
Assets      
Current assets:      
Cash and cash equivalents$15,535
 $12,254
$112,819
 $23,566
Restricted cash (all held by VIEs)70,981
 64,151
160,041
 110,698
Customer accounts receivable, net of allowances (includes balances for VIEs of $499,385 and $390,150, respectively)733,718
 743,931
Customer accounts receivable, net of allowances (includes VIE balance of $581,679 and $529,108, respectively)652,046
 702,162
Other accounts receivable82,924
 95,404
61,197
 69,286
Inventories191,642
 201,969
170,999
 164,856
Income taxes recoverable19,700
 10,774
4,219
 2,150
Prepaid expenses and other current assets16,482
 20,092
16,737
 14,955
Total current assets1,130,982
 1,148,575
1,178,058
 1,087,673
Long-term portion of customer accounts receivable, net of allowances (includes balances for VIEs of $276,967 and $331,254, respectively)586,870
 631,645
Long-term restricted cash (all held by VIEs)25,002
 14,425
Long-term portion of customer accounts receivable, net of allowances (includes VIE balance of $474,474 and $320,382, respectively)593,329
 615,904
Property and equipment, net174,815
 151,483
158,928
 159,202
Deferred income taxes70,919
 70,219
71,328
 71,442
Other assets8,590
 8,953
8,963
 6,913
Total assets$1,997,178
 $2,025,300
$2,010,606
 $1,941,134
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity 
  
 
  
Current liabilities: 
  
 
  
Current maturities of capital lease obligations$761
 $799
$1,190
 $849
Accounts payable117,628
 86,797
104,915
 101,612
Accrued compensation and related expenses12,140
 9,337
8,960
 13,325
Accrued expenses34,363
 30,037
33,965
 26,456
Income taxes payable1,692
 2,823
4,207
 3,318
Deferred revenues and other credits19,701
 16,332
21,390
 21,821
Total current liabilities186,285
 146,125
174,627
 167,381
Deferred rent88,452
 74,559
86,727
 87,957
Long-term debt and capital lease obligations (includes balances of VIEs of $662,011 and $699,515, respectively)1,181,948
 1,248,879
Long-term debt and capital lease obligations (includes VIE balance of $981,836 and $745,581, respectively)1,206,452
 1,144,393
Other long-term liabilities20,853
 17,456
25,752
 23,613
Total liabilities1,477,538
 1,487,019
1,493,558
 1,423,344
Commitments and contingencies 
  
 
  
Stockholders' equity: 
  
 
  
Preferred stock ($0.01 par value, 1,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding)
 

 
Common stock ($0.01 par value, 100,000 shares authorized; 30,775 and 30,630 shares issued, respectively)308
 306
Common stock ($0.01 par value, 100,000 shares authorized; 31,004 and 30,962 shares issued, respectively)310
 310
Additional paid-in capital88,239
 85,209
92,114
 90,276
Retained earnings431,093
 452,766
424,624
 427,204
Total stockholders' equity519,640
 538,281
517,048
 517,790
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity$1,997,178
 $2,025,300
$2,010,606
 $1,941,134
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(unaudited and in thousands, except per share amounts)
Three Months Ended 
 July 31,
 Six Months Ended 
 July 31,
Three Months Ended 
 April 30,
2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016
Revenues:          
Product sales$299,723
 $293,739
 $586,213
 $565,365
$251,362
 $286,490
Repair service agreement commissions28,310
 27,756
 56,495
 51,552
24,696
 28,185
Service revenues3,966
 3,451
 7,833
 6,508
3,227
 3,867
Total net sales331,999
 324,946
 650,541
 623,425
279,285
 318,542
Finance charges and other revenues66,158
 71,104
 136,729
 137,701
76,541
 70,571
Total revenues398,157
 396,050
 787,270
 761,126
355,826
 389,113
Costs and expenses: 
  
       
Cost of goods sold208,869
 202,461
 413,335
 389,594
171,950
 204,466
Selling, general and administrative expenses119,846
 104,832
 233,093
 200,507
106,537
 113,247
Provision for bad debts60,196
 51,646
 118,414
 99,189
55,930
 58,218
Charges and credits2,895
 1,013
 3,421
 1,632
1,227
 526
Total costs and expenses391,806
 359,952
 768,263
 690,922
335,644
 376,457
Operating income6,351
 36,098
 19,007
 70,204
20,182
 12,656
Interest expense24,138
 10,055
 50,034
 19,483
24,008
 25,896
Income (loss) before income taxes(17,787) 26,043
 (31,027) 50,721
Provision (benefit) for income taxes(5,863) 9,505
 (9,354) 18,506
Net income (loss)$(11,924) $16,538
 $(21,673) $32,215
Earnings (loss) per share: 
  
    
Loss on extinguishment of debt349
 
Loss before income taxes(4,175) (13,240)
Benefit for income taxes(1,595) (3,491)
Net loss$(2,580) $(9,749)
Loss per share:   
Basic$(0.39) $0.45
 $(0.71) $0.88
$(0.08) $(0.32)
Diluted$(0.39) $0.45
 $(0.71) $0.87
$(0.08) $(0.32)
Weighted average common shares outstanding: 
  
       
Basic30,731
 36,466
 30,696
 36,416
30,972
 30,661
Diluted30,731
 37,042
 30,696
 36,967
30,972
 30,661
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited and in thousands)
Six Months Ended 
 July 31,
Three Months Ended April 30,
2016 20152017 2016
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income (loss)$(21,673) $32,215
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash from operating activities: 
  
Net loss$(2,580) $(9,749)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash from operating activities: 
  
Depreciation13,773
 10,579
7,631
 6,636
Impairments of long-lived assets1,385
 
Amortization of debt issuance costs13,812
 1,666
5,265
 7,730
Provision for bad debts and uncollectible interest133,084
 116,217
65,748
 67,860
Loss on extinguishment of debt349
 
Stock-based compensation expense2,886
 1,805
1,583
 1,297
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation(1) (474)
Charges, net of credits, for store and facility closures
 425
Charges, net of credits, for facility closures323
 
Deferred income taxes(700) (10,346)114
 955
Gain on sale of property and equipment(180) (517)(235) (178)
Tenant improvement allowances received from landlords18,860
 7,212
1,893
 6,972
Change in operating assets and liabilities: 
  
 
  
Customer accounts receivable(78,096) (183,881)6,943
 (16,253)
Other accounts receivable5,751
 (7,580)6,296
 11,745
Inventories10,327
 (14,509)(6,143) 20,426
Other assets(1,213) 201
(2,105) 864
Accounts payable28,831
 23,658
3,428
 8,718
Accrued expenses6,782
 507
2,586
 4,360
Income taxes(10,489) 10,086
(1,180) (4,443)
Deferred rent, revenues and other credits8,759
 (710)848
 1,714
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities131,898
 (13,446)
Net cash provided by operating activities90,764
 108,654
Cash flows from investing activities: 
  
 
  
Purchase of property and equipment(32,020) (29,656)(4,286) (16,996)
Proceeds from sale of property686
 35

 696
Net cash used in investing activities(31,334) (29,621)(4,286) (16,300)
Cash flows from financing activities: 
  
 
  
Proceeds from issuance of asset-backed notes493,540
 
469,814
 493,540
Payments on asset-backed notes(537,819) 
(232,931) (289,639)
Changes in restricted cash balances(17,406) 
(49,342) (40,498)
Borrowings from revolving credit facility405,378
 220,246
265,935
 170,393
Payments on revolving credit facility(435,085) (184,450)(443,435) (421,735)
Payment of debt issuance costs and amendment fees(6,089) 
(7,605) (5,289)
Proceeds from stock issued under employee benefit plans618
 1,688
256
 385
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation1
 474
Other(421) (246)83
 (223)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities(97,283) 37,712
2,775
 (93,066)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents3,281
 (5,355)89,253
 (712)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period12,254
 12,223
23,566
 12,254
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$15,535
 $6,868
$112,819
 $11,542
Non-cash investing and financing activities:      
Capital lease asset additions and related obligations$
 $1,720
$3,196
 $
Property and equipment purchases not yet paid$6,476
 $3,406
$732
 $6,476
Supplemental cash flow data:      
Cash interest paid$38,403
 $17,838
$17,804
 $18,448
Cash income taxes paid, net$1,816
 $18,330
Cash income taxes paid (refunded), net$(529) $61
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 
Business. Business. Conn's, Inc., a Delaware corporation, is a holding company with no independent assets or operations other than its investments in its subsidiaries. References to “we,” “our,” “us,” “the Company,” “Conn’s” or “CONN” refer to Conn’s Inc. and, as apparent from the context, its subsidiaries. Conn's is a leading specialty retailer that offers a broad selection of quality, branded durable consumer goods and related services in addition to a proprietary credit solutionsolutions for its core credit constrainedcredit-constrained consumers. We operate an integrated and scalable business through our retail stores and website. Our complementary product offerings include furniture and mattresses, home appliances, consumer electronics and home office products from leading global brands across a wide range of price points. Our credit offering provides financing solutions to a large, under-served population of credit constrainedcredit-constrained consumers who typically have limited banking options.credit alternatives.
We operate two reportable segments: retail and credit. Our retail stores bear the "Conn's" or "Conn's HomePlus" name with all of our stores providing the same products and services to a common customer group. Our stores follow the same procedures and methods in managing their operations. Our retail business and credit business are operated independently from each other. The credit segment is dedicated to providing short- and medium-term financing forto our retail customers. The retail segment is not involved in credit approval decisions. Our management evaluates performance and allocates resources based on the operating results of the retail and credit segments.
Basis of Presentation. The accompanying unaudited, condensed consolidated financial statements of Conn's, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including the VIEs (as defined below), have been prepared by management in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") and prevailing industry practice for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, we do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. The accompanying financial statements reflect all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. The condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for these interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in future periods. The balance sheet at January 31, 20162017 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date. The financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2016,2017, filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"“SEC”) on March 29, 2016.
Variable Interest Entities. In September 2015, we securitized $1.4 billion of customer accounts receivables by transferring the receivables to a bankruptcy-remote variable-interest entity (the "2015 VIE"). The 2015 VIE issued asset-backed notes at a face amount of $1.12 billion secured by the transferred portfolio balance, which resulted in net proceeds to us of approximately $1.08 billion, net of transaction costs and restricted cash held by the 2015 VIE. The net proceeds were used to pay down the outstanding balance on our revolving credit facility, to repurchase shares of the Company's common stock and Senior Notes, and for other general corporate purposes.
In March 2016, we securitized $705.1 million of customer accounts receivables by transferring the receivables to a new bankruptcy-remote variable-interest entity (the "2016 VIE" or together with the 2015 VIE, the "VIEs"). The 2016 VIE issued two classes of asset-backed notes at a total face amount of $493.5 million secured by the transferred customer accounts receivables. This resulted in net proceeds to us of approximately $478.0 million, net of transaction costs and restricted cash held by the 2016 VIE. The net proceeds were used to pay down the outstanding balance on our revolving credit facility and for other general corporate purposes.
We currently hold the residual equity of the VIEs as well as a third class of asset-backed notes of the 2016 VIE, of which we may elect to retain all or a portion of these interests if that is determined to be in our best economic interest. In addition, we retain the servicing of the securitized portfolios. We determined that we have a variable interest in both VIEs and we are the primary beneficiary because (i) our servicing responsibilities for the securitized portfolios give us the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the performance of the VIEs, and (ii) our variable interest in the VIEs gives us the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive residual returns that could potentially be significant. As a result, so long as we hold all or a significant portion of the residual equity of the VIEs and the third class of asset-backed notes of the 2016 VIE, we will consolidate the VIEs within our financial statements. If we sell all or a significant portion of our interest, we will assess if the transaction achieves sale treatment for accounting purposes, which may result in deconsolidation of one or both of the VIEs. There is no assurance that we will complete a sale of all or a portion of our interest in the VIEs, and there is no assurance we will achieve sale treatment. As a result, we have determined that the securitized portfolios do not meet the criteria for treatment as an asset held for sale, which would require recording at the lower of cost, net of allowances, or fair value. We have not made an adjustment to the customer accounts receivable balance as a result of the transaction or in anticipation of any gain or loss that may occur should a sale of our interest in the VIEs be completed.
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Principles of Consolidation. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Conn's, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including the VIEs. Conn's, Inc., a Delaware corporation, is a holding company with no independent assets or operations other than its investments in its subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.April 4, 2017.
Fiscal Year.Our fiscal year ends on January 31. References to a fiscal year refer to the calendar year in which the fiscal year ends.
Accounting Policies. Principles of Consolidation. The complete summary of significant accounting policies is included in the notes to the consolidated financial statements as presentedinclude the accounts of Conn's, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. 
Variable Interest Entities. Variable interest entities ("VIEs") are consolidated if the Company is the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is the party that has (i) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the performance of the VIE and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
We securitize customer accounts receivables by transferring the receivables to various bankruptcy-remote VIEs. We retain the servicing of the securitized portfolio and have a variable interest in each corresponding VIE by holding the residual equity. We have determined that we are the primary beneficiary of each respective VIE because (i) our Annual Report on Form 10-Kservicing responsibilities for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2016. securitized portfolio give us the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the performance of the VIE and (ii) our variable interest in the VIE gives us the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive residual returns that potentially could be significant. As a result, we consolidate the respective VIEs within our consolidated financial statements.
Refer to Note 6, Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, and Note 8, Variable Interest Entities, for additional information.
Use of Estimates.Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformityaccordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United StatesGAAP requires management to make estimatesinformed judgments and assumptionsestimates that affect the reported amounts reportedof assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Changes in the financial statementsfacts and accompanying notes. Actualcircumstances or additional information may result in revised estimates, and actual results couldmay differ, even significantly, from these estimates. Management evaluates its estimates and related assumptions regularly, including those estimates. Therelated to the allowance for doubtful accounts, allowances for no-interest option credit programs and deferred interest, which are particularly sensitive given the size of our customer portfolio balance. During the
Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include cash, credit card deposits in-transit, and highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months ended Julyor less. Cash and cash equivalents include credit card deposits in-transit of $6.2 million and $2.4 million, as of April 30, 2017 and January 31, 2016, we revised our methods for calculating these estimates and recorded the following adjustments as a result of changes to our estimates:
Allowance for doubtful accounts – We adjusted our allowances for doubtful accounts in two respects in connection with changes in estimates to our sales tax recovery for charged-off accounts. First, we revised our estimate of the amount of sales tax recovery for previously charged-off accounts that we expect to claim with particular taxing jurisdictions, based on updated financial information. We reduced our sales tax receivable by $3.9 million, which resulted in higher net charge-offs and an increase to our provision for bad debts. Second, we updated our estimate of the amount of sales tax recovery associated with expected charge-offs over the next twelve months in estimating our allowance for doubtful accounts and recorded an additional allowance of $1.1 million with an increase in our provision for bad debts.
Allowances for no-interest option credit programs – We revised our estimate of the interest income to be waived for customers that we expect will comply with our no-interest option credit programs based on specific customer loan information rather than information from pooled loans by origination. We recorded an increase in the allowance for no-interest option credit programs of $4.7 million with a corresponding decrease in interest income and fees.
Deferred interest – We revised our estimate of the timing of the benefit we recognize to interest income related to our assumptions regarding future prepayments based on our historical experience of the timing of expected prepayments over the remaining life of pooled loans. We changed our estimate to consider a greater number of pools based on origination terms and recorded an increase in deferred interest of $3.5 million with a corresponding decrease in interest income and fees.
Earnings per Share. Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share include the potential dilutive effects of any stock-based awards, which is calculated using the treasury-stock method. The following table sets forth the shares outstanding used for the earnings per share calculations:2017, respectively. 
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 Three Months Ended 
 July 31,
 Six Months Ended 
 July 31,
(in thousands)2016 2015 2016 2015
Weighted average common shares outstanding - Basic30,731
 36,466
 30,696
 36,416
Dilutive effect of stock based awards
 576
 
 551
Weighted average common shares outstanding - Diluted30,731
 37,042
 30,696
 36,967
For the three months ended July 31, 2016 and 2015, the weighted average number of shares from stock based awards not included in the calculation due to their anti-dilutive effect was approximately 1.3 million and 69,000 shares, respectively. For the six months ended July 31, 2016 and 2015, the weighted average number of shares from stock based awards not included in the calculation due to their anti-dilutive effect was approximately 1.0 million and 0.2 million shares, respectively.
Restricted Cash.The restricted cash balance as of July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 and January 31, 20162017 includes $71.0$116.1 million and $64.2$75.2 million, respectively, of cash we collected as servicer on the securitized receivables that was subsequently remitted to the VIEs and $25.0$43.9 million and $14.4$35.5 million, respectively, of cash held by the VIEs as additional collateral for the asset-backed notes.
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Customer accounts receivable.  Customer accounts receivable reported in the consolidated balance sheet includes total receivables managed, including both those transferred to the VIEs and those receivables not transferred to the VIEs. Customer accounts receivable are originatedrecognized at the time of sale and deliverythe customer takes possession of the various products and services.product. Based on contractual terms, we record the amount of principal and accrued interest on customer receivables that is expected to be collected within the next twelve months in current assets with the remaining balance in long-term assets on the consolidated balance sheet. Customer accounts receivable include the net of unamortized deferred fees charged to customers and origination costs. Customer receivables are considered delinquent if a payment has not been received on the scheduled due date. Accounts that are delinquent more than 209 days as of the end of a month are charged-off against the allowance for doubtful accounts andalong with interest accrued subsequent to the last payment is reversed and charged against the allowance for uncollectible interest.payment.
In an effort to mitigate losses on our accounts receivable, we may make loan modifications to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. In our role as servicer,we may also make modifications to loans held by the VIEs. The loan modifications are intended to maximize net cash flow after expenses and avoid the need to repossess collateral or exercise legal remedies available to us. We may extend or "re-age" a portion of our customer accounts, which involveinvolves modifying the payment terms to defer a portion of the cash payments due. Our re-aging of customer accounts does not change the interest rate or the total amount due from the customer and typically does not reduce the monthly contractual payments. To a much lesser extent, we may provide the customer the ability to re-age their obligation by refinancing the account, which does not change the interest rate or the total amount due from the customer but does reduce the monthly contractual payments and extendsextend the term. We consider accounts that have been re-aged in excess of three months or refinanced as Troubled Debt Restructurings ("TDR" or "Restructured Accounts").
Allowance for doubtful accounts. We establish an allowance for doubtful accounts, including estimated uncollectible interest, to cover probable and estimable losses on our customer accounts receivable resulting from the failure of customers to make contractual payments. Our customer portfolio balance consists of a large number of relatively small, homogeneous accounts. None of our accounts are large enough to warrant individual evaluation for impairment.
We record an allowance for doubtful accounts for our non-TDR customer accounts receivable that we expect to charge-off over the next twelve months based on our historical cash collection and net loss experience. In addition to pre-charge-off cash collections and charge-off information, estimates of post-charge-off recoveries, including cash payments from customers, amounts realized from the repossession of the products financed, sales tax recoveries from taxing jurisdictions, and payments received under credit insurance policies are also considered.
We determine allowances for those accounts that are TDR based on the discounted present value of cash flows expected to be collected over the life of those accounts. The excess of the carrying amount over the discounted cash flow amount is recorded as an allowance for loss on those accounts.
Interest income on customer accounts receivable.receivableInterest income, which includes interest income and amortization of deferred fees and origination costs, is accruedrecorded using the interest method for installment contracts and is reflected in finance charges and other revenues. Typically, interest income is accruedrecorded until the customer account is paid off or charged-off, and we provide an allowance for estimated uncollectible interest. InterestAny contractual interest income on installment contracts with ourreceived from customers is based on the rulein excess of 78s. In order to convert the interest income recognized tocalculated using the interest method we haveis recorded the excess earnings of rule of 78s over the interest method as deferred revenue on our balance sheets. Our calculation of interest income alsofor customers with similar financing arrangements for which the timing and amount of prepayments can be reasonably estimated includes an estimate of the benefit from future prepayments based on our historical experience of the timing of expected prepayments over the remaining life of pooled loans.experience. At July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 and January 31, 2016,2017, there were $8.9was $13.9 million and $5.2$13.7 million, respectively, of deferred interest included in deferred revenues and other credits and other long-term liabilities. The deferred interest will ultimately be brought into income as the accounts pay off or charge-off.
We offer 12-month,12-and 18-month no-interest financeoption programs. If the customer is delinquent in making a scheduled monthly payment or does not repay the principal in full by the end of the no-interest option program period (grace periods are provided), the account does not qualify for the no-interest provision and none of the interest earned is waived. Interest income is recognized based on estimated accrued interest earned to date on all 12-month, no-interest option finance programs with an offsetting reserve for those customers expected to satisfy the requirements of the program based on our historical experience.
We previously offered 18- and 24-month equal-payment, no-interestNo-interest option finance programs to certain higher credit quality borrowers, which werewith terms greater than 12 months are discounted to their present value at origination, resulting in a reduction in sales and customer receivables, and the discount amount is amortized into finance charges and other revenues over the term of the contract. If a customer is delinquent in making a scheduled monthly payment (grace periods are provided), the account begins accruing interest based on the contract rate from the date of the last payment made.
We recognize interest income on TDR accounts using the interest income method, which requires reporting interest income equal to the increase in the net carrying amount of the loan attributable to the passage of time. Cash proceeds and other adjustments are applied to the net carrying amount such that it equals the present value of expected future cash flows.
We typically only place accounts in non-accrual status when legally required. Payments received on non-accrual loans will be applied to principal and reduce the amount of the loan. Interest accrual is resumed on those accounts once a legally-mandated settlement arrangement is reached or other payment arrangements are made with the customer. At July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 and January 31, 2017, customer receivables carried in non-accrual status were $22.3 million and $22.9 million, respectively. At April 30, 2017 and January 31, 2017, customer receivables that were past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest totaled $108.1 million and $124.0 million, respectively.
Allowance for doubtful accounts. We establish an allowance for doubtful accounts, including estimated uncollectible interest, to cover probable and estimable losses on our customer accounts receivable resulting from the failure of customers to make contractual payments. Our customer portfolio balance consists of a large number of relatively small, homogeneous accounts. None of our accounts are large enough to warrant individual evaluation for impairment.
We record an allowance for doubtful accounts for our non-TDR customer accounts receivable that we expect to charge-off over the next 12 months based on our historical cash collection and net loss experience. In addition to pre-charge-off cash collections and charge-off information, estimates of post-charge-off recoveries, including cash payments from customers, amounts realized
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


2016, customer receivables carried in non-accrual statusfrom the repossession of the products financed, sales tax recoveries from taxing jurisdictions, and payments received under credit insurance policies are also considered.
We determine allowances for those accounts that are TDR based on the discounted present value of cash flows expected to be collected over the life of those accounts. The cash flows are discounted based on the weighted-average effective interest rate of the TDR accounts. The excess of the carrying amount over the discounted cash flow amount is recorded as an allowance for loss on those accounts.
Debt Issuance Costs. Costs that are direct and incremental to debt issuance are deferred and amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the expected life of the debt.  All other costs related to debt issuance are expensed as incurred. We present debt issuance costs associated with long-term debt as a reduction of the carrying amount of the debt. Unamortized costs related to the revolving credit facility were $24.4$7.4 million and $20.6$5.7 million respectively. At July 31, 2016as of April 30, 2017 and January 31, 2016, customer receivables that2017, respectively, and were past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest totaled $104.7 million and $115.1 million, respectively.included in other assets on our consolidated balance sheet.
Income Taxes. For the sixthree months ended July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, we utilized the estimated annual effective tax rate based on our estimated fiscal year 2018 pre-tax income in determining income tax expense rather than the actual effective tax rate (discrete method), which we used for the three months ended April 30, 2016.
Stock-based compensation.During the three months ended April 30, 2017, the Company granted 429,000 performance stock awards ("PSUs"), all of which were special equity awards ("Special Equity Awards") to certain officers of the Company, and 324,487 restricted stock awards (“RSUs"), of which 269,000 were Special Equity Awards to certain officers of the Company, with an aggregate grant date fair value of $7.8 million. During the three months ended April 30, 2016, based on our updated estimatedthe Company granted 9,413 RSUs with an aggregate grant date fair value of $0.2 million. The PSUs will vest, if at all, upon the certification, after the Company’s fiscal year 2020, by the compensation committee of the satisfaction of the annual and cumulative Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization performance conditions over the three fiscal years commencing with the Company’s fiscal year 2018. The majority of the RSUs will vest, if at all, over periods of three to five years from the date of grant. For the three months ended April 30, 2017 pre-tax income.and 2016, stock-based compensation expense was $1.6 million and $1.3 million, respectively.
Earnings per Share. Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net (loss) income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share includes the dilutive effects of any stock options and restricted stock units granted, which is calculated using the treasury-stock method. The following table sets forth the shares outstanding for the earnings per share calculations: 
 Three Months Ended 
 April 30,
(in thousands)2017 2016
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - Basic30,972
 30,661
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock units
 
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - Diluted30,972
 30,661
For the three months ended April 30, 2017 and 2016, the weighted-average number of stock options and restricted stock units not included in the calculation due to their anti-dilutive effect was 0.9 million and 1.0 million, respectively. 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments.Instruments. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value are categorized using defined hierarchical levels related to subjectivity associated with the inputs to fair value measurements as follows:  
Level 1 – QuotedInputs represent unadjusted quoted prices available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
Level 2 – Pricing inputs notInputs other than quoted in active markets butprices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly (for example, quoted market prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets not considered to be active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, or market-corroborated inputs).
Level 3 – SignificantInputs that are not observable from objective sources such as our internally developed assumptions used in pricing an asset or liability (for example, an estimate of future cash flows used in our internally developed present value of future cash flows model that underlies the fair-value measurement).
In determining fair value, we use observable market data when available, or models that incorporate observable market data. When we are required to measure fair value and there is not a market-observable price for the asset or liability or for a similar asset or liability, we use the cost or income approach depending on the quality of information available to support management’s assumptions. The cost approach is based on management’s best estimate of the current asset replacement cost. The income approach
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


is based on management’s best assumptions regarding expectations of future net cash flows and discounts the expected cash flows using a commensurate risk-adjusted discount rate. Such evaluations involve significant judgment, and the results are based on expected future events or conditions such as sales prices, economic and regulatory climates, and other factors, most of which are often outside of management’s control. However, we believe assumptions used reflect a market participant’s view of long-term prices, costs, and other factors and are consistent with assumptions used in our business plans and investment decisions.
In arriving at fair-value estimates, we use relevant observable inputs available for the valuation technique employed. If a fair-value measurement reflects inputs at multiple levels within the hierarchy, the fair-value measurement is characterized based on the lowest level of input that is significant to pricing that have little or no transparency with inputs requiring significant management judgment or estimationthe fair-value measurement.
The fair value of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash held by the consolidated VIEs and accounts payable approximate their carrying amounts because of the short maturity of these instruments. The fair value of customer accounts receivables, determined using a Level 3 discounted cash flow analysis, approximates their carrying amount.amount, which includes the allowance for doubtful accounts. The fair value of our revolving credit facility approximates carrying value based on the current borrowing rate for similar types of borrowing arrangements. At July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, the fair value of ourthe Senior Notes outstanding, which was determined using Level 1 inputs, was $175.9$201.6 million as compared to the carrying value of $227.0 million, excluding the impact of the related discount. At July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, the fair value of the VIE's Class A Notesasset-backed notes approximates their carrying value and Class B Notes, which werewas determined using Level 2 inputs based on inactive trading activity, approximates their carrying value.activity.
Reclassifications.Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Certain reclassifications have been madeCompensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to priorEmployee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which modifies the accounting for excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies associated with share-based payments, the accounting for forfeitures, and the classification of certain items on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 eliminates the requirement to recognize excess tax benefits in additional paid-in capital ("APIC"), and the requirement to evaluate tax deficiencies for APIC or income tax expense classification, and provides for these benefits or deficiencies to be recorded as an income tax expense or benefit in the income statement. With these changes, tax-related cash flows resulting from share-based payments will be classified as operating activities as opposed to financing, as currently presented. The standard became effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal year amounts to conform to2018. The amendment requiring the presentationrecognition of excess tax benefits and deficiencies as income tax benefit or expense in the current fiscal year. On the consolidated balance sheets,income statement as of January 31, 2016, we reclassified cash held by the VIEsopposed to being recognized as additional collateralpaid-in-capital was applied prospectively; the impact was not material. The Company retrospectively adopted the amendments requiring the classification of excess tax benefits and deficiencies with other income tax cash flows as operating activities and cash paid when directly withholding shares as financing activities in the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows; the impact was not material. The Company has elected to continue its current practice of estimating the number of awards expected to vest in determining the amount of compensation cost to be recognized related to share based payment transactions.
In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory. ASU 2015-11 requires that inventory that has historically been measured using first-in, first-out or average cost method be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The update requires prospective application and became effective for us in the asset-backed notes outfirst quarter of current restricted cash and separately presented as long-term restricted cash. These reclassificationsfiscal year 2018. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on our consolidated operating income or net income.financial statements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements.Pronouncements Yet To Be Adopted. In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB")FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU")ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which provides a single comprehensive accounting standard for revenue recognition for contracts with customers and supersedes current guidance. Upon adoption of ASU 2014-09, entities are required to recognize revenue using the following comprehensive model: (1) identify contracts with customers, (2) identify the performance obligations in such contracts, (3) determine transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations, and (5) recognize revenue as each performance obligation is satisfied. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Deferral of Effective Date, which defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year and allows early adoption on a limited basis. The FASB has also issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net); ASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing; ASU 2016-11, Rescission of SEC Guidance Because of Accounting Standards Updates 2014-09 is nowand 2014-16 Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the March 3, 2016 EITF Meeting; and ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, all of which were issued to improve and clarify the guidance in ASU 2014-09. These ASUs are effective for us beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 and will result in retrospective application, either in the form of recasting all prior periods presented or a cumulative adjustment to equity in the period of adoption. We are currently assessinganticipate adopting the impactstandard using the new standard will havecumulative catch-up transition method. Based on our preliminary assessment, we do not expect the adoption of these ASUs to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.statements other than the expected additional disclosure requirements.
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which will change how lessees account for leases. For most leases, a liability will be recorded on the balance sheet based on the present value of future lease obligations with a corresponding right-of-use asset. Primarily for those leases currently classified by us as operating leases, we will recognize a single lease cost on a straight line basis based on the combined amortization of the lease obligation and the right-of-use asset. Other leases will be required to be accounted for as financing arrangements similar to how we currently account for capital leases. On transition, we will recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. The final standard iswill become effective for us beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2020. We are currently assessing the impact the new standardthis ASU will have on our financial statements.
In March 2016, We are the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which modifies the accountinglessee under various lease agreements for excess tax benefitsour retail stores and tax deficiencies associated with share-based payments, the accountingequipment that are currently accounted for forfeitures, and the classification of certain items on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 eliminates the requirement to recognize excess tax benefits in additional paid-in capital ("APIC"), and the requirement to evaluate tax deficiencies for APIC or income tax expense classification, and provides for these benefits or deficiencies to be recorded as an income tax expense or benefit in the income statement. With these changes, tax-related cash flows resulting from share-based payments will be classified as operating activitiesleases as opposed to financing, as currently presented. The standard is effectivediscussed in Note 6, Leases, of our audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for us in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, although early adoption is permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new standard will have on our financial statements.ended January 31, 2017
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 requires that financial assets measured at amortized cost should be presented at the net amount expected to be collected through an allowance for credit losses that is deducted from the amortized cost basis. The allowance for credit losses should reflect management’s current estimate of credit losses that are expected to occur over the remaining life of a financial asset. The standard iswill become effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal year 2021 and earlier adoption is permitted beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2020. We are currently assessing the impact the new standardthis ASU will have on our financial statements.
2.     ChargesIn August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Credits
Charges and credits consistedCash Payments (a consensus of the following:Emerging Issues Task Force). ASU 2016-15 clarifies guidance on the classification of certain cash receipts and payments in the statement of cash flows to reduce diversity in practice. Among other things, the presentation of debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs as cash outflows for financing activities on the statement of cash flow. The standard will become effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 and early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other than Inventory, which eliminates the exception that prohibits the recognition of current and deferred income tax effects for intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory until the asset has been sold to an outside party. We will be required to adopt the amendments in this ASU in the annual and interim periods for our fiscal year ending January 31, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The application of the amendments will require the use of a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. We are evaluating the standard and the impact it will have on our consolidated financial statements.
 Three Months Ended 
 July 31,
 Six Months Ended 
 July 31,
(in thousands)2016 2015 2016 2015
Store and facility closure costs$
 $
 $
 $425
Impairments from disposals1,385
 
 1,385
 
Legal and professional fees related to the exploration of strategic alternatives and securities-related litigation135
 1,013
 589
 1,207
Employee severance1,213
 
 1,213
 
Executive management transition costs162
 
 234
 
 $2,895
 $1,013
 $3,421
 $1,632
DuringIn November 2016, the threeFASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force). ASU 2016-18 requires that the statement of cash flows provides the change in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and six months ended July 31, 2016, we had costs associated with impairments from disposals, legal and professional fees related to our securities-related litigation, charges for severance and transition costs due torestricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. This will result in us no longer showing the changes in restricted cash balances as a component of cash flows from financing activities but instead include the executive management team. The impairments from disposals includedbalances of both current and long-term restricted cash with cash and cash equivalents in total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash for the write-off of leasehold improvements for one store we relocated prior to thebeginning and end of its useful life and incurred coststhe periods presented. The ASU will become effective for a terminated store project priorus in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019, early adoption is permitted. We are currently assessing when we expect to starting construction. Duringadopt the three and six months ended July 31, 2015, we had costs associated with legal and professional fees related to our exploration of strategic alternatives and our securities-related litigation. During the six months ended July 31, 2015, we also had charges related to the closing of under-performing retail locations.
3.     Finance Charges and Other Revenues
Finance charges and other revenues consisted of the following:
 Three Months Ended 
 July 31,
 Six Months Ended 
 July 31,
(in thousands)2016 2015 2016 2015
Interest income and fees$54,502
 $57,383
 $115,123
 $112,802
Insurance commissions11,219
 13,062
 20,675
 24,091
Other revenues437
 659
 931
 808
 $66,158
 $71,104
 $136,729
 $137,701
Interest income and fees and insurance commissions are derived from the credit segment operations, whereas other revenues are derived from the retail segment operations. During the three months ended July 31, 2016, we decreased interest income and fees by $8.2 million as a result of changes in estimates to our allowance for no-interest option credit programs and deferred interest as described in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. For the three months ended July 31, 2016 and 2015, interest income and fees was reduced by provisions for uncollectible interest of $10.2 million and $8.9 million, respectively. For the six months ended July 31, 2016 and 2015, interest income and fees was reduced by provisions for uncollectible interest of $20.2 million and $17.4 million, respectively. For the three months ended July 31, 2016 and 2015, the amount included in interest income and fees related to TDR accounts was $4.2 million and $3.3 million, respectively. For the six months ended July 31, 2016 and 2015, the amount included in interest income and fees related to TDR accounts was $8.3 million and $6.5 million, respectively.ASU.
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


4.2.    Customer Accounts Receivable
Customer accounts receivable consisted of the following:
Total Outstanding BalanceTotal Outstanding Balance
Customer Accounts Receivable 
60 Days Past Due (1)
 
Re-aged (1)
Customer Accounts Receivable 
60 Days Past Due (1)
 
Re-aged (1)
(in thousands)July 31,
2016
 January 31,
2016
 July 31,
2016
 January 31,
2016
 July 31,
2016
 January 31,
2016
April 30,
2017
 January 31,
2017
 April 30,
2017
 January 31,
2017
 April 30,
2017
 January 31,
2017
Customer accounts receivable$1,415,728
 $1,470,205
 $115,316
 $127,400
 $108,242
 $112,221
$1,342,789
 $1,417,581
 $112,080
 $127,747
 $96,521
 $111,585
Restructured accounts128,611
 117,651
 33,558
 30,323
 128,611
 117,651
138,111
 138,858
 33,572
 38,010
 138,111
 138,858
Total customer portfolio balance1,544,339
 1,587,856
 $148,874
 $157,723
 $236,853
 $229,872
1,480,900
 1,556,439
 $145,652
 $165,757
 $234,632
 $250,443
Allowance for uncollectible accounts(201,176) (190,990)        (207,061) (210,175)        
Allowances for no-interest option credit programs(22,575) (21,290)        (17,860) (21,207)        
Deferred fees and origination costs, net(10,604) (6,991)        
Total customer accounts receivable, net1,320,588
 1,375,576
        1,245,375
 1,318,066
        
Short-term portion of customer accounts receivable, net(733,718) (743,931)        (652,046) (702,162)        
Long-term portion of customer accounts receivable, net$586,870
 $631,645
        $593,329
 $615,904
        
Securitized receivables held by the VIE$922,994
 $870,684
 $129,466
 $135,800
 $216,215
 $204,594
Receivables not held by the VIE621,345
 717,172
 19,408
 21,923
 20,638
 25,278
Securitized receivables held by the VIEs$1,261,699
 $1,015,837
 $143,664
 $156,344
 $232,269
 $238,375
Receivables not held by the VIEs219,201
 540,602
 1,988
 9,413
 2,363
 12,068
Total customer portfolio balance$1,544,339
 $1,587,856
 $148,874
 $157,723
 $236,853
 $229,872
$1,480,900
 $1,556,439
 $145,652
 $165,757
 $234,632
 $250,443
(1)Due to the fact that an account can become past due after having been re-aged, accounts could be represented as both past due and re-aged. As of July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 and January 31, 2016,2017, the amounts included within both past due and re-aged were $58.1$53.2 million and $55.2$66.7 million, respectively. As of July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 and January 31, 2016,2017, the total customer portfolio balance past due one day or greater was $381.3$387.2 million and $387.3$406.1 million, respectively. These amounts include the 60 days past due balances shown.
The following presents the activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts and uncollectible interest for customer receivables: 
Six Months Ended July 31, 2016 Six Months Ended July 31, 2015Three Months Ended April 30, 2017 Three Months Ended April 30, 2016
(in thousands)
Customer
Accounts
Receivable
 
 
Restructured
Accounts
 
 
 
Total
 
Customer
Accounts
Receivable
 
 
Restructured
Accounts
 
 
 
Total
Customer
Accounts
Receivable
 
 
Restructured
Accounts
 
 
 
Total
 
Customer
Accounts
Receivable
 
 
Restructured
Accounts
 
 
 
Total
Allowance at beginning of period$149,226
 $41,764
 $190,990
 $118,786
 $28,196
 $146,982
$158,992
 $51,183
 $210,175
 $149,226
 $41,764
 $190,990
Provision (1)
108,333
 29,768
 138,101
 91,821
 24,396
 116,217
48,516
 17,232
 65,748
 52,924
 14,937
 67,861
Principal charge-offs (2)
(91,261) (20,969) (112,230) (71,280) (14,190) (85,470)(48,087) (13,397) (61,484) (45,634) (10,097) (55,731)
Interest charge-offs(15,384) (3,544) (18,928) (13,056) (2,599) (15,655)(7,519) (2,095) (9,614) (8,129) (1,798) (9,927)
Recoveries (2)
2,636
 607
 3,243
 1,881
 375
 2,256
1,749
 487
 2,236
 1,585
 351
 1,936
Allowance at end of period$153,550
 $47,626
 $201,176
 $128,152
 $36,178
 $164,330
$153,651
 $53,410
 $207,061
 $149,972
 $45,157
 $195,129
Average total customer portfolio balance$1,428,396
 $123,451
 $1,551,847
 $1,297,951
 $95,652
 $1,393,603
$1,372,808
 $139,026
 $1,511,834
 $1,438,442
 $121,447
 $1,559,889
(1)Includes provision for uncollectible interest, which is included in finance charges and other revenues.
(2)
Charge-offs include the principal amount of losses (excluding accrued and unpaid interest). Recoveries include principal collections of previously charged-off balances. Net charge-offs are calculated as the net of principal charge-offs and recoveries. During the three months ended July 31, 2016, we increased provision for bad debts by $5.0 million as a result of changes in estimates as it relates to sales tax recovery on previously charged-off accounts as described in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


5.3.     Accrual for Store and Facility Closures 
We have closed or relocated retail and facility locations that did not perform at a level we expectexpected for mature store locations.locations or that did not align with our long-term retail objectives. Certain of the closed or relocated stores and facilities had noncancelablenon-cancelable lease agreements, resulting in the accrual of the present value of the remaining lease payments and estimated related occupancy obligations, net of estimated sublease income. Adjustments to these projections for changes in estimated marketing times and sublease rates, as well as other revisions, are made to the obligation as further information related to the actual terms and costs become available.
The following table presents detail of the activity in the accrual for store and facility closures:
Six Months Ended 
 July 31,
Three Months Ended 
 April 30,
(in thousands)2016 20152017 2016
Balance at beginning of period$1,866
 $2,556
$1,874
 $1,866
Accrual for additional closures
 318
1,227
 
Adjustments23
 (32)(27) (15)
Cash payments, net of sublease income(339) (698)(1,305) (163)
Balance at end of period1,550
 2,144
1,769
 1,688
Current portion, included in accrued expenses(643) (640)(1,011) (643)
Long-term portion, included in other long-term liabilities$907
 $1,504
$758
 $1,045
4.     Charges and Credits
Charges and credits consisted of the following:
 Three Months Ended 
 April 30,
(in thousands)2017 2016
Facility closure costs$1,227
 $
Legal and professional fees related to the exploration of strategic alternatives and securities-related litigation
 454
Executive management transition costs
 72
 $1,227
 $526
During the three months ended April 30, 2017, we incurred exit costs associated with reducing the square footage of a distribution center. During the three months ended April 30, 2016, we incurred costs associated with legal and professional fees related to our securities-related litigation and transition costs due to changes in the executive management team.
5.     Finance Charges and Other Revenues
Finance charges and other revenues consisted of the following:
 Three Months Ended 
 April 30,
(in thousands)2017 2016
Interest income and fees$67,131
 $60,621
Insurance commissions9,330
 9,457
Other revenues80
 493
 $76,541
 $70,571
Interest income and fees and insurance commissions are derived from the credit segment operations, whereas other revenues are derived from the retail segment operations. During the three months ended April 30, 2017 and 2016, interest income and fees reflected provisions for uncollectible interest of $10.0 million and $10.0 million and amounts related to TDR accounts of $4.5 million and $4.1 million, respectively.
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


6.     Debt and Capital Lease Obligations 
Debt and capital lease obligations consisted of the following:
(in thousands)July 31,
2016
 January 31,
2016
April 30,
2017
 January 31,
2017
Revolving credit facility$299,500
 $329,207
$
 $177,500
Senior Notes227,000
 227,000
227,000
 227,000
2015-A Class A Notes195,518
 551,383
2015-A Class B Notes165,900
 165,900
2016-A Class A Notes241,077
 
2016-A Class B Notes70,510
 
2015 VIE Asset-backed Class A notes
 12,166
2015 VIE Asset-backed Class B notes113,281
 165,900
2016-A VIE Asset-backed Class A notes4,332
 64,732
2016-A VIE Asset-backed Class B notes70,510
 70,510
2016-A VIE Asset-backed Class C notes70,510
 70,510
2016-B VIE Asset-backed Class A notes148,767
 256,513
2016-B VIE Asset-backed Class B notes111,960
 111,960
2017-A VIE Asset-backed Class A notes313,220
 
2017-A VIE Asset-backed Class B notes106,270
 
2017-A VIE Asset-backed Class C notes50,340
 
Capital lease obligations2,065
 2,488
5,709
 2,393
Total debt and capital lease obligations1,201,570
 1,275,978
1,221,899
 1,159,184
Less:      
Unamortized discounts and debt issuance costs(18,861) (26,300)
Discount on debt(2,949) (3,089)
Deferred debt issuance costs(11,308) (10,853)
Current maturities of capital lease obligations(761) (799)(1,190) (849)
Long-term debt and capital lease obligations$1,181,948
 $1,248,879
$1,206,452
 $1,144,393
Senior Notes. On July 1, 2014, we issued $250.0 million of the unsecured Senior Notes due July 2022 bearing interest at 7.250%7.25% (the "Senior Notes"), pursuant to an indenture dated July 1, 2014 (the "Indenture"), among Conn's, Inc., its subsidiary guarantors (the "Guarantors") and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. During the year ended January 31, 2016, we repurchased $23.0 million of face value of the Senior Notes for $22.9 million. The effective interest rate of the Senior Notes after giving effect to offering feesthe discount and debt discountissuance costs is 7.7%7.8%.
The Indenture as amended, restricts the Company's and certain of its subsidiaries' ability to: (i) incur indebtedness; (ii) pay dividends or make other distributions in respect of, or repurchase or redeem, our capital stock ("restricted payments"); (iii) prepay, redeem or repurchase debt that is junior in right of payment to the notes; (iv) make loans and certain investments; (v) sell assets; (vi) incur liens; (vii) enter into transactions with affiliates; and (viii) consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of our assets. These covenants are subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications. Specifically, limitations foron restricted payments are triggered only effective if one or more of the following occurred: (1) a default were to exist under the indenture,Indenture, (2) if we could not satisfy a debt incurrence test, and (3) if the aggregate amount of restricted payments wouldwere to exceed an amount tied to the consolidated net income. These limitations, however, are subject to two exceptions: (1) an exception that permits the payment of up to $375.0 million in restricted payments, and (2) an exception that permits restricted payments regardless of dollar amount so long as, after giving pro forma effect to the dividends and other restricted payments, we would have had a leverage ratio, as defined under the
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Indenture, of less than or equal to 2.50 to 1.00. Thus,1.0. As a result of these exceptions, as of July 31, 2016, $190.2April 30, 2017, $173.4 million would have been free from the dividenddistribution restriction. However, as a result of the revolving credit facility dividenddistribution restrictions, which are further described below, no amount was available for dividends.we were restricted from making a distribution as of April 30, 2017. During any time when the Senior Notes are rated investment grade by either of Moody's Investors Service, Inc. or Standard & Poor's Ratings Services and no default (as defined in the Indenture) has occurred and is continuing, many of such covenants will be suspended and we will cease to be subject to such covenants during such period.
Events of default under the Indenture include customary events, such as a cross-acceleration provision in the event that we default inon the payment of other debt due at maturity or upon acceleration forof default in an amount exceeding $25.0 million, as well as in the event a judgment is entered against us in excess of $25.0 million that is not discharged, bonded or insured.
Asset-backed Notes. During fiscal years 2018, 2017 and 2016, we securitized customer accounts receivables by transferring the receivables to various bankruptcy-remote VIEs. In September 2015,turn, the 2015 VIEVIEs issued asset-backed notes secured by the transferred customer accounts receivables and restricted cash held by the 2015 VIE. VIEs.
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Under the terms of the securitization transactions, all cash collections and other cash proceeds of the customer receivables go first to the servicer and the holders of issued notes, and then to us as the holder of non-issued notes and residual equity. We retain the servicing of the securitized portfolios and receive a monthly fee of 4.75% (annualized) based on the outstanding balance of the securitized receivables. In addition, we, rather than the VIEs, retain all credit insurance income together with certain recoveries related to credit insurance and repair service agreements on charge-offs of the securitized receivables, which are reflected as a reduction to net charge-offs on a consolidated basis.
The asset-backed notes consist of the following securities:
Asset-backed Fixed Rate Notes, Class A, Series 2015-A ("2015-A Class A Notes") in aggregate principal amount of $952.1 million that bear interest at a fixed annual rate of 4.565% and mature on September 15, 2020. The effective interest rate of the 2015-A Class A Notes after giving effect to offering fees is 6.8%.
Asset-backed Fixed Rate Notes, Class B, Series 2015-A ("2015-A Class B Notes") in aggregate principal amount of $165.9 million that bear interest at a fixed annual rate of 8.500% and mature on September 15, 2020. The effective interest rate of the 2015-A Class B Notes after giving effect to offering fees is 12.8%.
The 2015-A Class A Notes and 2015-A Class B Notes were offered and sold to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to the exemptions from registration provided by Rule 144A under the Securities Act.Act of 1933, as amended. If an event of default were to occur under the indenture that governs the respective asset-backed notes, the payment of the outstanding amounts wouldmay be accelerated, in which event the cash proceeds of the receivables that otherwise might be released to us as the holder of the residual equity holder would instead be directed entirely toward repayment of the 2015-A Class A Notes and 2015-A Class B Notes.asset-backed notes, or if the receivables are liquidated, all liquidation proceeds could be directed solely to repayment of the asset-backed notes as governed by the respective terms of the asset-backed notes. The holders of the asset-backed notes have no recourse to assets outside of the 2015 VIE.VIEs. Events of default include, but are not limited to, failure to make required payments on the asset-backed notes or specified bankruptcy-related events.
In March 2016, the 2016 VIE issued asset-backed notes secured by the transferred customer accounts receivables and restricted cash held by the 2016 VIE. The asset-backed notes consist of the following securities:following:
Asset-backed Fixed Rate Notes, Class A, Series 2016-A ("2016-A Class A Notes") in aggregate principal amount of $423.0 million that bear interest at a fixed annual rate of 4.680% and mature on April 16, 2018. The effective interest rate of the 2016-A Class A Notes after giving effect to offering fees is 6.8%.
Asset-backed Fixed Rate Notes, Class B, Series 2016-A ("2016-A Class B Notes") in aggregate principal amount of $70.5 million that bear interest at a fixed annual rate of 8.960% and mature on August 15, 2018. The effective interest rate of the 2016-A Class B Notes after giving effect to offering fees is 9.8%.
Asset-Backed Notes Principal Amount 
Net Proceeds(1)
 Issuance Date Maturity Date Fixed Interest Rate 
Effective Interest Rate(2)
2015 Class B Notes 165,900
 156,200
 9/10/2015 9/15/2020 8.50% 15.60%
2016-A Class A Notes 423,030
 409,845
 3/17/2016 4/16/2018 4.68% 6.50%
2016-A Class B Notes 70,510
 68,309
 3/17/2016 8/15/2018 8.96% 9.60%
2016-A Class C Notes 70,510
 71,648
 10/12/2016 4/15/2020 12.00% 11.00%
2016-B Class A Notes 391,840
 380,033
 10/6/2016 10/15/2018 3.73% 5.70%
2016-B Class B Notes 111,960
 108,586
 10/6/2016 3/15/2019 7.34% 8.10%
2017-A Class A Notes 313,220
 304,451
 4/19/2017 7/15/2019 2.73% 5.50%
2017-A Class B Notes 106,270
 103,300
 4/19/2017 2/15/2020 5.11% 6.00%
2017-A Class C Notes 50,340
 48,919
 4/19/2017 10/15/2021 7.40% 7.90%
Total $1,703,580
 $1,651,291
        
The 2016-A Class A Notes and 2016-A Class B Notes were offered and sold to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to the exemptions from registration provided by Rule 144A under the Securities Act. If an event of default were to occur under the indenture that governs the notes, the payment of the outstanding amounts would be accelerated, in which event the cash proceeds of the receivables that otherwise might be released to us as the holder of a third class of asset-backed notes issued by the 2016 VIE ("2016-A Class C Notes") and the residual equity would instead be directed entirely toward repayment of the 2016-A Class A Notes and 2016-A Class B Notes. The holders of the notes have no recourse to assets outside of the 2016 VIE. Events of default include, but are not limited to, failure to make required payments on the notes or specified bankruptcy-related events.
(1)After giving effect to debt issuance costs and restricted cash held by the VIEs.
(2)For the three months ended April 30, 2017, and inclusive of retrospective adjustments to deferred debt issuance costs based on changes in timing of actual and expected cash flows.
Revolving Credit Facility.On October 30, 2015,March 31, 2017, Conn's, Inc. and certain of its subsidiaries (the "Borrowers") entered into a Third Amendment (the "Third Amendment") to the Third Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of October 30, 2015, with a syndicate of banks thatcertain lenders, which provides for an $810.0a $750.0 million asset-based revolving credit facility (the "revolving credit facility") under which credit availability is subject to a borrowing base. The revolving credit facility matures on October 30, 2018.2019.
On February 16, 2016,The Third Amendment, among other things, (a) extends the Borrowers entered intomaturity date of the credit facility one year to October 30, 2019; (b) provides for a first amendmentreduction in the aggregate commitments from $810 million to $750 million; (c) amends the minimum interest coverage ratio covenant to (i) eliminate the application of the minimum interest coverage ratio covenant for the fiscal quarter ending April 30, 2017 and (ii) reduce the minimum interest coverage ratio (A) to 0.80x as of the last day of the fiscal quarter ending July 31, 2017, (B) to 1.10x as of the last day of the fiscal quarter ending October 31, 2017 and (C) to 1.25x as of the last day of each fiscal quarter thereafter, beginning with the fiscal quarter ending January 31, 2018; (d) sets the applicable margin at 3.50% for LIBOR loans and 2.50% for Base Rate loans until the Company demonstrates an interest coverage ratio of equal to or greater than 1.10x for the fiscal quarter ending October 31, 2017, at which point the applicable margin will revert to being determined according to the revolving creditexisting pricing grid based on facility which resultedavailability; (e) reduces the minimum cash recovery percentage on the contracts it owns and manages from 4.50% to 4.45% for the first nine months of each fiscal year, and from 4.25% to 4.20% for the last three months of each fiscal year; (f) amends the definition of “EBITDA” to, among other things, exclude the impact of non-cash asset write-offs relating to construction in process; (g) amends the definition of “Interest Expense” to exclude certain non-interest expenses; (h) amends various changes, including:
Excluding non-cash deferred amortizationdefinitions and other related provisions to clarify the Company’s ability to undertake permitted securitization transactions; (i) increases the number of debt related transaction costsequity cures that may be exercised during the term of the agreement from interest coverage ratio;one time to two times, and
Extending increases the maximum amount of each such cure from 6 months$10 million to 18 months$20 million; and (j) modifies the time frame subsequentcalculations of “Tangible Net Worth” and “Interest Coverage Ratio” to deduct certain amounts attributable to the closing ofdifference between a securitization transaction in whichcalculated loss reserve and the Cash Recovery Percent covenant will be determined.Company’s recorded loss reserve on its customer receivables.
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


On May 18, 2016, the Borrowers entered into a second amendment to the revolving credit facility, which resulted in various changes, including:
Amending the minimum interest coverage ratio covenant, so long as the borrowing base reduction discussed below is in effect, to:
Reduce the minimum interest coverage ratio covenant to 1.0x for the second quarter of fiscal 2017 through the first quarter of fiscal 2018; and
Reduce the minimum interest coverage ratio covenant to 1.25x for the second quarter of fiscal 2018 through the third quarter of fiscal 2019.
Modifying the conditions for repurchases of the Company's common stock, including the addition of a requirement to achieve a minimum interest coverage ratio of 2.5x for two consecutive quarters; and
Reducing the borrowing base by $15.0 million beginning on May 31, 2016, reducing the borrowing base by $10.0 million for any month beginning with July 31, 2017 so long as the interest coverage ratio is at least 1.25x, and no borrowing base reduction at any time the interest coverage ratio is at least 2.0x for two consecutive quarters.
As of July 31, 2016, loansLoans under the revolving credit facility bear interest, at our option, at a rate ofequal to LIBOR plus the applicable margin at 3.50% for LIBOR loans and 2.50% for base rate loans until the Company demonstrates an interest coverage ratio of equal to or greater than 1.10x for the fiscal quarter ending October 31, 2017, at which point the applicable margin will revert to being determined according to the existing pricing grid based on facility availability which specifies a margin ranging from 2.5%2.75% to 3.0%3.25% per annum (depending on quarterly average net availability under the borrowing base) or the alternate base rate plus a margin ranging from 1.5%1.75% to 2.0%2.25% per annum (depending on quarterly average net availability under the borrowing base). Pursuant to the second amendment, the margins increased by 25 basis points subsequent to July 31, 2016. The alternate base rate is the greatergreatest of the prime rate announced by Bank of America, N.A., the federal funds rate plus 0.5%, or LIBOR for a 30-day interest period plus 1.0%. The effective interest rate on borrowings outstanding under the revolving credit facility after giving effect to offering fees is 5.5%. We also pay an unused fee on the portion of the commitments that areis available for future borrowings or letters of credit at a rate ranging from 0.25% to 0.75% per annum, depending on the average outstanding balance and letters of credit of the revolving credit facility.facility in the immediately preceding quarter. The weighted-average interest rate on borrowings outstanding and including unused line fees under the revolving credit facility was 6.0% for the three months ended April 30, 2017.
The revolving credit facility provides funding based on a borrowing base calculation that includes customer accounts receivable and inventory, and provides for a $40.0 million sub-facility for letters of credit to support obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business. The obligations under the revolving credit facility are secured by substantially all assets of the Company, excluding the assets of the VIEs. As of July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, we had immediately available borrowing capacity of $97.7$128.8 million under our revolving credit facility, net of standby letters of credit issued of $5.3$5.8 million. We also had $407.5$615.4 million that may become available under our revolving credit facility if we grow the balance of eligible customer receivables and our total eligible inventory balances.
The revolving credit facility places restrictions on our ability to incur additional indebtedness, grant liens on assets, make distributions on equity interests, dispose of assets, make loans, pay other indebtedness, engage in mergers, and other matters. The revolving credit facility restricts our ability to make dividends and distributions unless no event of default exists and a liquidity test is satisfied. Subsidiaries of the Company may make dividends and distributions to the Company and other obligors under the revolving credit facility without restriction. As of July 31, 2016, underApril 30, 2017, $66.7 million would have been free to repay the Senior Notes. However, we were unable to make other distributions as a result of the revolving credit facility as amended, no amount was available for dividends.distribution restrictions. The revolving credit facility contains customary default provisions, which, if triggered, could result in acceleration of all amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility.
In connection with entering into the third amendment to the revolving credit facility, we wrote-off $0.3 million of debt issuance costs for lenders that did not continue to participate. We also paid $2.8 million of debt issuance costs, recorded as other assets, which will be amortized ratably over the remaining term of the revolving credit facility along with the unamortized debt issuance costs remaining on the revolving credit facility.
Debt covenants. We were in compliance with our debt covenants, as amended, at July 31, 2016.April 30, 2017. A summary of the significant financial covenants that govern our revolving credit facility, as amended, compared to our actual compliance status at July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 is presented below: 
Actual 
Required
Minimum/
Maximum
Actual 
Required
Minimum/
Maximum
Interest Coverage Ratio must equal or exceed minimum(1)1.03:1.00 1.00:1.001.27:1.00 Not Tested
Leverage Ratio must not exceed maximum2.63:1.00 4.00:1.002.42:1.00 4.00:1.00
ABS Excluded Leverage Ratio must not exceed maximum1.52:1.00 2.00:1.000.78:1.00 2.00:1.00
Cash Recovery Percent must exceed stated amount4.77% 4.50%5.51% 4.45%
Capital Expenditures, net, must not exceed maximum$26.0 million $75.0 million$4.5 million $75.0 million
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


(1) Not tested for the three months ended April 30, 2017.
All capitalized terms in the above table are defined by the revolving credit facility, as amended, and may or may not agree directly withto the financial statement captions in this document. Compliance with theThe covenants isare calculated quarterly, except for the Cash Recovery Percent, which is calculated monthly on a trailing three-month basis, and Capital Expenditures, which is calculated for a period of four consecutive fiscal quarters, as of the end of each fiscal quarter. The revolving credit facility provides for 18 months subsequent to the closing of a securitization transaction in which the Cash Recovery Percent will be determined based on the portfolio of contracts subject to the (i) securitization facilities; and (ii) a lien under the revolving credit facility.
7.     Contingencies
Securities Class Action Litigation.We and one of our current and onetwo of our former executive officers are defendants in a consolidated securities class action lawsuit pending in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas (the "Court"“Court”), captioned In re Conn's Inc. Securities Litigation, Cause No. 14-CV-00548 (the "Consolidated“Consolidated Securities Action"Action”). The Consolidated Securities Action started as three separate purported securities class action lawsuits filed between March 5, 2014 and May 5, 2014 which in the Court that
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


were combinedconsolidated into the Consolidated Securities Action on June 3, 2014. The plaintiffs in the Consolidated Securities Action allege that the defendants made false and misleading statements and/or failed to disclose material adverse facts about our business, operations, and prospects. They allege violations of sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder and seek to certify a class of all persons and entities that purchased or otherwise acquired Conn's common stock and/or call options, or sold/sold or wrote Conn's put options between April 3, 2013 and December 9, 2014. The complaint does not specify the amount of damages sought.
On June 30, 2015, the Court held a hearing on the defendants' motion to dismiss plaintiffs' complaint. At the hearing, the Court dismissed Brian Taylor, a former executive officer, and certain other aspects of the complaint. The Court ordered the plaintiffs to further amend their complaint in accordance with its ruling, and the plaintiffs filed their Fourth Consolidated Amended Complaint on July 21, 2015. The remaining defendants filed a motion to dismiss on August 28, 2015. The briefing on the defendants'defendant's motion to dismiss was fully briefed and the Court held a hearing on defendants' motion over the course of two days, on March 25, 2016 and 29, 2016. Onon May 6,5, 2016, the Court granted in part and denied in part defendants' motion to dismiss the plaintiffs' complaint. Thereafter, the defendants filedissued a motion requesting the Court's decision be certified for interlocutory appeal to the United States Fifth Circuit Courtruling that dismissed 78 of Appeals, which the Court denied on June 13, 2016. On June 24, 2016, the defendant’s filed their answer to the Consolidated Securities Action, denying liability and raising numerous affirmative defenses to the claims asserted against them. 
91 alleged misstatements. The parties have negotiated asubmitted their respective briefs in support of, and in opposition to, class certification, and also engaged in discovery pursuant to the Court’s scheduling order, which has not yet been entered by the Court, and discoveryorder. Trial is proceeding.scheduled for July 2018.
The defendantsWe intend to vigorously defend against all of these claims.the claims in the Consolidated Securities Action against us. It is not possible at this time to predict the timing or outcome of any of this litigation, and we cannot reasonably estimate the possible loss or range of possible loss from these claims.
Derivative Litigation. On December 1, 2014, an alleged shareholder, purportedly on behalf of the Company, filed a derivative shareholder lawsuit against us and certain of our current and former directors and executive officers in the Court, captioned as Robert Hack, derivatively on behalf of Conn's, Inc., v. Theodore M. Wright (former executive officer and former director), Bob L. Martin, Jon E.M. Jacoby (former director), Kelly M. Malson, Douglas H. Martin, David Schofman, Scott L. Thompson (former director), Brian Taylor (former executive officer) and Michael J. Poppe (former executive officer) and Conn's, Inc., Case No. 4:14-cv-03442 (the "Original Derivative Action"). The complaint asserts claims for breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, gross mismanagement, and insider trading based on substantially similar factual allegations as those asserted in the Consolidated Securities Action. The plaintiff seeks unspecified damages against these persons and does not request any damages from us. Setting forth substantially similar claims against the same defendants, on February 25, 2015, an additional federal derivative action, captioned 95250 Canada LTEE, derivatively on Behalf of Conn's, Inc. v. Wright et al., Cause No. 4:15-cv-00521, was filed in the Court, which has been consolidated with the Original Derivative Action.
The Court previously approved a stipulation among the parties to stay the action pending resolution of the motion to dismiss in the Consolidated Securities Action. The parties are currently discussing next steps inhave agreed to continue the litigation process.stay.
Another derivative action was filed on January 27, 2015, captioned as Richard A. Dohn v. Wright, et al., Cause No. 2015-04405, filed in the 281st Judicial District Court, Harris County, Texas. This action makes substantially similar allegations to the Original Derivative Action against the same defendants. On July 28, 2016,March 15, 2017, the court entered an order extending the stay for an additional 90 days (until October 26, 2016)June 13, 2017). On May 19, 2016, an alleged shareholder, purportedly on behalf of the Company, filed a lawsuit against us and certain of our current and former directors and executive officers in the 55th Judicial District Court, Harris County, Texas, captioned as Robert J. Casey II, derivatively on behalf of Conn's, Inc., v. Theodore M. Wright (former executive officer and former director), Michael J. Poppe (former executive officer), Brian Taylor (former executive officer), Bob L. Martin, Jon E.M. Jacoby (former director), Kelly M. Malson, Douglas H. Martin, David Schofman, Scott L. Thompson (former director) and William E. Saunders Jr., and Conn's, Inc., Cause No. 2016-33135. The complaint asserts claims for breach of fiduciary duties and unjust enrichment based on substantially similar factual allegations as those asserted in the Original Derivative Action. The complaint does not specify the amount of damages sought.
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Pursuant to the parties’ agreement, this action is currently stayed.
None of the plaintiffs in any of the derivative actions made a demand on our Board of Directors prior to filing their respective lawsuits. The defendants in the derivative actions intend to vigorously defend against these claims. Weclaims, and we cannot reasonably estimate the possible loss or range of possible loss from these claims.
Regulatory Matters.We are continuing to cooperate with the SEC's investigation which began on or around November 2014, which generally relates toof our underwriting policies and bad debt provisions.provisions, which began in November 2014.  The investigation is a non-public, fact-finding inquiry, and the SEC has stated that the investigation does not mean that any violations of law have occurred.
In addition, we are involved in other routine litigation and claims incidental to our business from time to time which, individually or in the aggregate, are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.us. As required, we accrue estimates of the probable costs for the resolution of these matters. These estimates have been developed in consultation with counsel and are based upon an analysis of potential results, assuming a combination of litigation and settlement strategies. However, the results of these proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, and changes in facts and circumstances could impact our estimate of reserves for litigation.
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


8.     Variable Interest Entities
The VIEs have issued asset-backed notes secured by the transferredIn fiscal years 2018, 2017 and 2016, we securitized customer accounts receivables and restricted cash held by transferring the receivables to various bankruptcy-remote VIEs. Under the terms of the respective securitization transactions, all cash collections and other cash proceeds of the customer receivable principal and interest payment cash flows willreceivables go first to the servicer and the holders of issuedthe asset-backed notes, and then to us as the holder of the 2016-A Class C Notes and residual equities.equity holder. We retain the servicing of the securitized portfoliosportfolio and are receivingreceive a monthly fee of 4.75% (annualized) based on the outstanding balance of the securitized receivables.receivables, and we currently hold all of the residual equity. In addition, we, rather than the VIEs, will retain allcertain credit insurance income together with certain recoveries related to credit insurance and repair service agreements on charge-offs of the securitized receivables, which will continue to be reflected as a reduction of net charge-offs on a consolidated basis for as long as we consolidate the VIEs.
We consolidate VIEs when we determine that we are the primary beneficiary of these VIEs, we have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the performance of the VIEs and our obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive residual returns are significant.
The following table presents the assets and liabilities held by the VIEs and that are included in our consolidated balance sheet (for legal purposes, the assets and liabilities of the VIEs will remain distinct from Conn's, Inc.):
(in thousands)July 31,
2016
 January 31,
2016
April 30,
2017
 January 31,
2017
Assets:      
Restricted cash$95,983
 $78,576
$160,041
 $110,698
Due from Conn's, Inc.4,226
 3,405
Due from Conn's, Inc., net12,697
 7,368
Customer accounts receivable:      
Customer accounts receivable803,815
 763,278
1,125,925
 884,367
Restructured accounts119,179
 107,406
135,774
 131,470
Allowance for uncollectible accounts(131,719) (136,325)(183,273) (150,435)
Allowances for no-interest option credit programs(14,923) (12,955)(16,748) (15,912)
Deferred fees and origination costs(5,525) 
Total customer accounts receivable, net776,352
 721,404
1,056,153
 849,490
Total assets$876,561
 $803,385
$1,228,891
 $967,556
Liabilities:      
Accrued interest$1,693
 $1,636
Deferred interest income5,387
 3,042
Accrued expenses$10,312
 $6,525
Other liabilities13,042
 6,691
Long-term debt:      
2015-A Class A Notes195,518
 551,383
2015-A Class B Notes165,900
 165,900
2015 Class A Notes
 12,166
2015 Class B Notes113,281
 165,900
2016-A Class A Notes241,077
 
4,332
 64,732
2016-A Class B Notes70,510
 
70,510
 70,510
2016-A Class C Notes70,510
 70,510
2016-B Class A Notes148,767
 256,513
2016-B Class B Notes111,960
 111,960
2017-A Class A notes313,220
 
2017-A Class B notes106,270
 
2017-A Class C notes50,340
 
673,005
 717,283
989,190
 752,291
Less unamortized discounts and debt issuance costs(10,994) (17,768)
Less: deferred debt issuance costs(7,354) (6,710)
Total long-term debt662,011
 699,515
981,836
 745,581
Total liabilities$669,091
 $704,193
$1,005,190
 $758,797
The assets of the VIEs serve as collateral for the obligations of the VIEs. The holders of the Class A Notes and Class B Notesasset-backed notes have no recourse to assets outside of the respective VIEs.
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


9.     Segment Reporting 
FinancialOperating segments are defined as components of an enterprise that engage in business activities and for which discrete financial information is available that is evaluated on a regular basis by the chief operating decision maker to make decisions about how to allocate resources and assess performance. We are a leading specialty retailer and offer a broad selection of quality, branded durable consumer goods and related services in addition to a proprietary credit solution for our core credit-constrained consumers. We have two operating segments: (i) retail and (ii) credit. Our operating segments complement one another. The retail segment operates primarily through our stores and website in the retail furniture and mattresses, home appliances, consumer electronics and home office products business. Our retail segment product offerings include furniture and mattresses, home appliances, consumer electronics and home office products from leading global brands across a wide range of price points. Our credit segment offers affordable financing solutions to a large, under-served population of credit-constrained consumers who typically have limited credit alternatives. Our operating segments provide customers the opportunity to comparison shop across brands with confidence in our competitive prices as well as affordable monthly payment options, next day delivery and installation in the majority of our markets, and product repair service. We believe our large, attractively merchandised retail stores and credit solutions offer a distinctive value proposition compared to other retailers that target our core customer demographic. The operating segments follow the same accounting policies used in our consolidated financial statements.
We evaluate a segment’s performance based upon operating income before taxes. Selling, general and administrative expenses include the direct expenses of the retail and credit operations, allocated corporate overhead expenses, and a charge to the credit segment to reimburse the retail segment for expenses it incurs related to occupancy, personnel, advertising and other direct costs of the retail segment which benefit the credit operations by sourcing credit customers and collecting payments. The reimbursement received by the retail segment from the credit segment is presentedestimated using an annual rate of 2.5% times the average portfolio balance for each applicable period.
As of April 30, 2017, we operated retail stores in 13 states with no operations outside of the following tables: 
 Three Months Ended July 31, 2016 Three Months Ended July 31, 2015
(in thousands)Retail Credit Total Retail Credit Total
Revenues:           
Furniture and mattress$105,562
 $
 $105,562
 $98,882
 $
 $98,882
Home appliance101,359
 
 101,359
 97,260
 
 97,260
Consumer electronic65,735
 
 65,735
 69,682
 
 69,682
Home office21,701
 
 21,701
 22,940
 
 22,940
Other5,366
 
 5,366
 4,975
 
 4,975
Product sales299,723
 
 299,723
 293,739
 
 293,739
Repair service agreement commissions28,310
 
 28,310
 27,756
 
 27,756
Service revenues3,966
 
 3,966
 3,451
 
 3,451
Total net sales331,999
 
 331,999
 324,946
 
 324,946
Finance charges and other revenues437
 65,721
 66,158
 659
 70,445
 71,104
Total revenues332,436
 65,721
 398,157
 325,605
 70,445
 396,050
Costs and expenses: 
  
  
  
  
  
Cost of goods sold208,869
 
 208,869
 202,461
 
 202,461
Selling, general and administrative expenses (1)
84,838
 35,008
 119,846
 76,683
 28,149
 104,832
Provision for bad debts127
 60,069
 60,196
 324
 51,322
 51,646
Charges and credits2,895
 
 2,895
 1,013
 
 1,013
Total costs and expense296,729
 95,077
 391,806
 280,481
 79,471
 359,952
Operating income (loss)35,707
 (29,356) 6,351
 45,124
 (9,026) 36,098
Interest expense
 24,138
 24,138
 
 10,055
 10,055
Income (loss) before income taxes$35,707
 $(53,494) $(17,787) $45,124
 $(19,081) $26,043
            
United States. No single customer accounts for more than 10% of our total revenues.
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Financial information by segment is presented in the following tables:
Six Months Ended July 31, 2016 Six Months Ended July 31, 2015Three Months Ended April 30, 2017 Three Months Ended April 30, 2016
(in thousands)Retail Credit Total Retail Credit TotalRetail Credit Total Retail Credit Total
Revenues:                      
Furniture and mattress$210,868
 $
 $210,868
 $188,384
 $
 $188,384
$94,443
 $
 $94,443
 $105,306
 $
 $105,306
Home appliance189,263
 
 189,263
 181,362
 
 181,362
80,122
 
 80,122
 87,904
 
 87,904
Consumer electronic131,600
 
 131,600
 141,112
 
 141,112
55,753
 
 55,753
 65,865
 
 65,865
Home office44,174
 
 44,174
 44,925
 
 44,925
16,788
 
 16,788
 22,473
 
 22,473
Other10,308
 
 10,308
 9,582
 
 9,582
4,256
 
 4,256
 4,942
 
 4,942
Product sales586,213
 
 586,213
 565,365
 
 565,365
251,362
 
 251,362
 286,490
 
 286,490
Repair service agreement commissions56,495
 
 56,495
 51,552
 
 51,552
24,696
 
 24,696
 28,185
 
 28,185
Service revenues7,833
 
 7,833
 6,508
 
 6,508
3,227
 
 3,227
 3,867
 
 3,867
Total net sales650,541
 
 650,541
 623,425
 
 623,425
279,285
 
 279,285
 318,542
 
 318,542
Finance charges and other revenues931
 135,798
 136,729
 808
 136,893
 137,701
80
 76,461
 76,541
 494
 70,077
 70,571
Total revenues651,472
 135,798
 787,270
 624,233
 136,893
 761,126
279,365
 76,461
 355,826
 319,036
 70,077
 389,113
Costs and expenses: 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
Cost of goods sold413,335
 
 413,335
 389,594
 
 389,594
171,950
 
 171,950
 204,466
 
 204,466
Selling, general and administrative expenses (1)
164,821
 68,272
 233,093
 144,910
 55,597
 200,507
73,947
 32,590
 106,537
 79,983
 33,264
 113,247
Provision for bad debts525
 117,889
 118,414
 393
 98,796
 99,189
230
 55,700
 55,930
 398
 57,820
 58,218
Charges and credits3,421
 
 3,421
 1,632
 
 1,632
1,227
 
 1,227
 526
 
 526
Total costs and expense582,102
 186,161
 768,263
 536,529
 154,393
 690,922
247,354
 88,290
 335,644
 285,373
 91,084
 376,457
Operating income (loss)69,370
 (50,363) 19,007
 87,704
 (17,500) 70,204
32,011
 (11,829) 20,182
 33,663
 (21,007) 12,656
Interest expense
 50,034
 50,034
 
 19,483
 19,483

 24,008
 24,008
 
 25,896
 25,896
Loss on extinguishment of debt
 349
 349
 
 
 
Income (loss) before income taxes$69,370
 $(100,397) $(31,027) $87,704
 $(36,983) $50,721
$32,011
 $(36,186) $(4,175) $33,663
 $(46,903) $(13,240)
(1)Selling, general and administrative expenses include the direct expenses of the retail and credit operations, allocated overhead expenses and a charge to the credit segment to reimburse the retail segment for expenses it incurs related to occupancy, personnel, advertising and other direct costs of the retail segment that benefit the credit operations by sourcing credit customers and collecting payments. The reimbursement received by the retail segment from the credit segment is estimated using an annual rate of 2.5% times the average portfolio balance for each applicable period. For the three months ended July 31,April 30, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, the amount of corporate overhead allocated to each segment reflected in selling, general and administrative expense was $6.5$6.4 million and $3.4 million, respectively. For the six months ended July 31, 2016 and 2015, the amount of overhead allocated to each segment was $12.2 million and $6.9$5.7 million, respectively. For the three months ended July 31,April 30, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, the amount of reimbursementsreimbursement made to the retail segment by the credit segment were $9.6was $9.4 million and $8.9 million, respectively. For the six months ended July 31, 2016 and 2015, the amount of reimbursements made to the retail segment by the credit segment were $19.4 million and $17.4$9.7 million, respectively.
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


10.
Guarantor Financial Information 
Conn's, Inc. is a holding company with no independent assets or operations other than its investments in its subsidiaries. The Senior Notes, which were issued by Conn's, Inc., are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a joint and several senior unsecured basis by the Guarantors. The direct or indirect subsidiariesAs of Conn's, Inc. that are not Guarantors areApril 30, 2017 and January 31, 2017, the VIE and minor subsidiaries. Prior to transferring the securitized customer receivables to the 2015 VIE in September 2015, the only direct or indirect subsidiaries of Conn's, Inc. that were not Guarantors (the "Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries") were the VIEs and minor subsidiaries. There are no restrictions under the Indenture on the ability of any of the Guarantors to transfer funds to Conn's, Inc. in the form of loans, advancesdividends or dividends, except as provided by applicable law. distributions.
The following financial information presents the condensed consolidated balance sheet, statement of operations, and statement of cash flows for Conn's, Inc. (the issuer of the Senior Notes), the Guarantor Subsidiaries, and the Non-guarantorNon-Guarantor Subsidiaries, together with certain eliminations. Investments in subsidiaries are accounted for by the parent company using the equity method for purposes of this presentation. Results of operations of subsidiaries are therefore reflected in the parent company's investment accounts and operations. The consolidated financial information includes financial data for:
(i) Conn’s, Inc. (on a parent-only basis),
(ii) Guarantor subsidiaries,
(iii) Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries, and
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


(iv) the parent company and the subsidiaries on a consolidated basis at April 30, 2017 and January 31, 2017 (after the elimination of intercompany balances and transactions). Condensed consolidated net (loss) income is the same as condensed consolidated comprehensive (loss) income for the periods presented.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of July 31, 2016.April 30, 2017.
(in thousands)Conn's, Inc. Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations ConsolidatedConn's, Inc. Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Assets                  
Current assets:                  
Cash and cash equivalents$
 $15,535
 $
 $
 $15,535
$
 $112,819
 $
 $
 $112,819
Restricted cash
 
 70,981
 
 70,981

 
 160,041
 
 160,041
Customer accounts receivable, net of allowance
 234,333
 499,385
 
 733,718

 70,367
 581,679
 
 652,046
Other accounts receivable
 82,924
 
 
 82,924

 61,197
 
 
 61,197
Inventories
 191,642
 
 
 191,642

 170,999
 
 
 170,999
Other current assets19,700
 16,482
 4,226
 (4,226) 36,182

 28,504
 12,697
 (20,245) 20,956
Total current assets19,700
 540,916
 574,592
 (4,226) 1,130,982

 443,886
 754,417
 (20,245) 1,178,058
Investment in and advances to subsidiaries648,840
 203,244
 
 (852,084) 
722,171
 262,557
 
 (984,728) 
Long-term portion of customer accounts receivable, net of allowance
 309,903
 276,967
 
 586,870

 118,855
 474,474
 
 593,329
Long-term restricted cash
 
 25,002
 
 25,002
Property and equipment, net
 174,815
 
 
 174,815

 158,928
 
 
 158,928
Deferred income taxes70,919
 
 
 
 70,919
71,328
 
 
 
 71,328
Other assets
 8,590
 
 
 8,590

 8,963
 
 
 8,963
Total assets$739,459
 $1,237,468
 $876,561
 $(856,310) $1,997,178
$793,499
 $993,189
 $1,228,891
 $(1,004,973) $2,010,606
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity                  
Current liabilities:                  
Current maturities of capital lease obligations$
 $761
 $
 $
 $761
$
 $1,190
 $
 $
 $1,190
Accounts payable
 117,628
 
 
 117,628

 104,915
 
 
 104,915
Accrued expenses686
 44,124
 1,693
 
 46,503
4,800
 39,568
 10,312
 (7,548) 47,132
Other current liabilities
 17,963
 3,430
 
 21,393

 15,248
 6,142
 
 21,390
Total current liabilities686
 180,476
 5,123
 
 186,285
4,800
 160,921
 16,454
 (7,548) 174,627
Deferred rent
 88,452
 
 
 88,452

 86,727
 
 
 86,727
Long-term debt and capital lease obligations219,133
 300,804
 662,011
 
 1,181,948
220,097
 4,519
 981,836
 
 1,206,452
Other long-term liabilities
 18,896
 1,957
 
 20,853

 18,852
 6,900
 
 25,752
Total liabilities219,819
 588,628
 669,091
 
 1,477,538
224,897
 271,019
 1,005,190
 (7,548) 1,493,558
Total stockholders' equity519,640
 648,840
 207,470
 (856,310) 519,640
568,602
 722,170
 223,701
 (997,425) 517,048
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity$739,459
 $1,237,468
 $876,561
 $(856,310) $1,997,178
$793,499
 $993,189
 $1,228,891
 $(1,004,973) $2,010,606
Deferred income taxes related to tax attributes of the Guarantor Subsidiaries and Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries are reflected under Conn's, Inc.

CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of January 31, 2016.2017.
(in thousands)Conn's, Inc. Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations ConsolidatedConn's, Inc. Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Assets                  
Current assets:                  
Cash and cash equivalents$
 $12,254
 $
 $
 $12,254
$
 $23,566
 $
 $
 $23,566
Restricted cash
 
 64,151
 
 64,151

 
 110,698
 
 110,698
Customer accounts receivable, net of allowance
 353,781
 390,150
 
 743,931

 173,054
 529,108
 
 702,162
Other accounts receivable
 95,404
 
 
 95,404

 69,286
 
 
 69,286
Inventories
 201,969
 
 
 201,969

 164,856
 
 
 164,856
Other current assets10,774
 20,092
 3,405
 (3,405) 30,866

 21,505
 7,368
 (11,768) 17,105
Total current assets10,774
 683,500
 457,706
 (3,405) 1,148,575

 452,267
 647,174
 (11,768) 1,087,673
Investment in and advances to subsidiaries676,492
 95,787
 
 (772,279) 
678,149
 220,107
 
 (898,256) 
Long-term portion of customer accounts receivable, net of allowance
 300,391
 331,254
 
 631,645

 295,522
 320,382
 
 615,904
Long-term restricted cash
 
 14,425
 
 14,425
Property and equipment, net
 151,483
 
 
 151,483

 159,202
 
 
 159,202
Deferred income taxes70,219
 
 
 
 70,219
71,442
 
 
 
 71,442
Other assets
 8,953
 
 
 8,953

 6,913
 
 
 6,913
Total assets$757,485
 $1,240,114
 $803,385
 $(775,684) $2,025,300
$749,591
 $1,134,011
 $967,556
 $(910,024) $1,941,134
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity                  
Current liabilities:                  
Current maturities of capital lease obligations$
 $799
 $
 $
 $799
$
 $849
 $
 $
 $849
Accounts payable
 86,797
 
 
 86,797

 101,612
 
 
 101,612
Accrued expenses736
 37,002
 1,636
 
 39,374
686
 40,287
 6,525
 (4,399) 43,099
Other current liabilities
 17,510
 1,645
 
 19,155

 25,230
 3,961
 (7,370) 21,821
Total current liabilities736
 142,108
 3,281
 
 146,125
686
 167,978
 10,486
 (11,769) 167,381
Deferred rent
 74,559
 
 
 74,559

 87,957
 
 
 87,957
Long-term debt and capital lease obligations218,468
 330,896
 699,515
 
 1,248,879
219,768
 179,044
 745,581
 
 1,144,393
Other long-term liabilities
 16,059
 1,397
 
 17,456

 20,883
 2,730
 
 23,613
Total liabilities219,204
 563,622
 704,193
 
 1,487,019
220,454
 455,862
 758,797
 (11,769) 1,423,344
Total stockholders' equity538,281
 676,492
 99,192
 (775,684) 538,281
529,137
 678,149
 208,759
 (898,255) 517,790
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity$757,485
 $1,240,114
 $803,385
 $(775,684) $2,025,300
$749,591
 $1,134,011
 $967,556
 $(910,024) $1,941,134
Deferred income taxes related to tax attributes of the Guarantor Subsidiaries and Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries are reflected under Conn's, Inc.

CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended July 31, 2016.April 30, 2017.
(in thousands)Conn's, Inc. Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations ConsolidatedConn's, Inc. Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Revenues:                  
Total net sales$
 $331,999
 $
 $
 $331,999
$
 $279,285
 $
 $
 $279,285
Finance charges and other revenues
 33,062
 33,096
 
 66,158

 36,798
 39,743
 
 76,541
Servicing fee revenue
 13,176
 
 (13,176) 

 15,184
 
 (15,184) 
Total revenues
 378,237
 33,096
 (13,176) 398,157

 331,267
 39,743
 (15,184) 355,826
Costs and expenses: 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
Cost of goods sold
 208,869
 
 
 208,869

 171,950
 
 
 171,950
Selling, general and administrative expenses
 119,846
 13,176
 (13,176) 119,846

 106,233
 15,488
 (15,184) 106,537
Provision for bad debts
 20,830
 39,366
 
 60,196

 (5,433) 61,363
 
 55,930
Charges and credits
 2,895
 
 
 2,895

 1,227
 
 
 1,227
Total costs and expenses
 352,440
 52,542
 (13,176) 391,806

 273,977
 76,851
 (15,184) 335,644
Operating income
 25,797
 (19,446) 
 6,351

 57,290
 (37,108) 
 20,182
Loss (income) from consolidated subsidiaries9,066
 23,293
 
 (32,359) 
(268) 33,921
 
 (33,653) 
Interest expense4,397
 3,352
 16,389
 
 24,138
4,443
 1,778
 17,787
 
 24,008
Loss on extinguishment of debt
 349
 
 
 349
Income (loss) before income taxes(13,463) (848) (35,835) 32,359
 (17,787)(4,175) 21,242
 (54,895) 33,653
 (4,175)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes(1,539) 8,218
 (12,542) 
 (5,863)(1,595) 8,116
 (20,974) 12,858
 (1,595)
Net income (loss)$(11,924) $(9,066) $(23,293) $32,359
 $(11,924)$(2,580) $13,126
 $(33,921) $20,795
 $(2,580)
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the sixthree months ended July 31,April 30, 2016.
(in thousands)Conn's, Inc. Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations ConsolidatedConn's, Inc. Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Revenues:                  
Total net sales$
 $650,541
 $
 $
 $650,541
$
 $318,542
 $
 $
 $318,542
Finance charges and other revenues
 63,234
 73,495
 
 136,729

 30,172
 40,399
 
 70,571
Servicing fee revenue
 30,311
 
 (30,311) 

 17,135
 
 (17,135) 
Total revenues
 744,086
 73,495
 (30,311) 787,270

 365,849
 40,399
 (17,135) 389,113
Costs and expenses: 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
Cost of goods sold
 413,335
 
 
 413,335

 204,466
 
 
 204,466
Selling, general and administrative expenses
 233,093
 30,311
 (30,311) 233,093

 113,247
 17,135
 (17,135) 113,247
Provision for bad debts
 56,412
 62,002
 
 118,414

 35,582
 22,636
 
 58,218
Charges and credits
 3,421
 
 
 3,421

 526
 
 
 526
Total costs and expenses
 706,261
 92,313
 (30,311) 768,263

 353,821
 39,771
 (17,135) 376,457
Operating income
 37,825
 (18,818) 
 19,007

 12,028
 628
 
 12,656
Loss (income) from consolidated subsidiaries15,925
 34,703
 
 (50,628) 
8,794
 12,926
 
 (21,720) 
Interest expense8,843
 6,620
 34,571
 
 50,034
4,446
 3,268
 18,182
 
 25,896
Income (loss) before income taxes(24,768) (3,498) (53,389) 50,628
 (31,027)(13,240) (4,166) (17,554) 21,720
 (13,240)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes(3,095) 12,427
 (18,686) 
 (9,354)(3,491) (1,099) (4,628) 5,727
 (3,491)
Net income (loss)$(21,673) $(15,925) $(34,703) $50,628
 $(21,673)$(9,749) $(3,067) $(12,926) $15,993
 $(9,749)



CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the sixthree months ended July 31,April 30, 2017.
(in thousands)Conn's, Inc. Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities$(256) $(192,236) $283,256
 $
 $90,764
Cash flows from investing activities:  
   
   
   
   
Purchase of customer accounts receivables
 
 (466,056) 466,056
 
Sale of customer accounts receivables
 466,056
 
 (466,056) 
Purchase of property and equipment
 (4,286) 
 
 (4,286)
Proceeds from sales of property
 
 
 
 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
 461,770
 (466,056) 
 (4,286)
Cash flows from financing activities: 
  
  
  
  
Proceeds from issuance of asset-backed notes
 
 469,814
 
 469,814
Payments on asset-backed notes
 
 (232,931) 
 (232,931)
Changes in restricted cash balances
 
 (49,342) 
 (49,342)
Borrowings from revolving credit facility
 265,935
 
 
 265,935
Payments on revolving credit facility
 (443,435) 
 
 (443,435)
Payment of debt issuance costs and amendment fees
 (2,864) (4,741) 
 (7,605)
Proceeds from stock issued under employee benefit plans256
 
 
 
 256
Other
 83
 
 
 83
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities256
 (180,281) 182,800
 
 2,775
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
 89,253
 
 
 89,253
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
 23,566
 
 
 23,566
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$
 $112,819
 $
 $
 $112,819
CONN'S, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the three months ended April 30, 2016.
(in thousands)Conn's, Inc. Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations ConsolidatedConn's, Inc. Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities$(29,362) $(383,378) $544,638
 $
 $131,898
$(9,554) $(201,353) $319,561
 $
 $108,654
Cash flows from investing activities:  
   
   
   
   
 
  
  
  
  
Purchase of customer accounts receivables
 
 (478,080) 478,080
 

 
 (478,080) 478,080
 
Sale of customer accounts receivables
 478,080
 
 (478,080) 

 478,080
 
 (478,080) 
Purchase of property and equipment
 (32,020) 
 
 (32,020)
 (16,996) 
 
 (16,996)
Proceeds from sales of property
 686
 
 
 686

 696
 
 
 696
Net change in intercompany28,743
 

 

 (28,743) 
9,169
 
 
 (9,169) 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities28,743
 446,746
 (478,080) (28,743) (31,334)9,169
 461,780
 (478,080) (9,169) (16,300)
Cash flows from financing activities: 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
Proceeds from issuance of asset-backed notes
 
 493,540
 
 493,540

 
 493,540
 
 493,540
Payments on asset-backed notes
 
 (537,819) 
 (537,819)
 
 (289,639) 
 (289,639)
Changes in restricted cash balances
 
 (17,406) 
 (17,406)
 
 (40,498) 
 (40,498)
Borrowings from revolving credit facility
 405,378
 
 
 405,378

 170,393
 
 
 170,393
Payments on revolving credit facility
 (435,085) 
 
 (435,085)
 (421,735) 
 
 (421,735)
Payment of debt issuance costs and amendment fees
 (1,216) (4,873) 
 (6,089)
 (405) (4,884) 
 (5,289)
Proceeds from stock issued under employee benefit plans618
 
 
 
 618
385
 
 
 
 385
Net change in intercompany
 (28,743) 

 28,743
 

 (9,169) 
 9,169
 
Other1
 (421) 
 
 (420)
 (223) 
 
 (223)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities619
 (60,087) (66,558) 28,743
 (97,283)385
 (261,139) 158,519
 9,169
 (93,066)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
 3,281
 
 
 3,281

 (712) 
 
 (712)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
 12,254
 
 
 12,254

 12,254
 
 
 12,254
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$
 $15,535
 $
 $
 $15,535
$
 $11,542
 $
 $
 $11,542


ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS  
Forward-Looking Statements 
This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws, including but not limited to, the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, that involve risks and uncertainties. Such forward-looking statements include information concerning our future financial performance, business strategy, plans, goals and objectives. Statements containing the words "anticipate," "believe," "could," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "plan," "project," "should," “predict,” “will,” “potential,” or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions are generally forward-looking in nature and not historical facts. Such forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations. We can give no assurance that such statements will prove to be correct, and actual results may differ materially. A wide variety of potential risks, uncertainties, and other factors could materially affect our ability to achieve the results either expressed or implied by our forward-looking statements including, but not limited to: general economic conditions impacting our customers or potential customers; our ability to execute periodic securitizations of future originated customer loans including the sale of any remaining residual equity on favorable terms; our ability to continue existing customer financing programs or to offer new customer financing programs; changes in the delinquency status of our credit portfolio; unfavorable developments in ongoing litigation; increased regulatory oversight; higher than anticipated net charge-offs in the credit portfolio; the success of our planned opening of new stores; technological and market developments and sales trends for our major product offerings; our ability to manage effectively the selection of our major product offerings; our ability to protect against cyber-attacks or data security breaches and to protect the integrity and security of individually identifiable data of our customers and employees; our ability to fund itsour operations, capital expenditures, debt repayment and expansion from cash flows from operations, borrowings from our revolving credit facility, and proceeds from accessing debt or equity markets; the ability to continue the repurchase program; and other risks detailed in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 20162017 and other reports filed with the SEC. If one or more of these or other risks or uncertainties materialize (or the consequences of such a development changes), or should our underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual outcomes may vary materially from those reflected in our forward-looking statements. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report. We disclaim any intention or obligation to update publicly or revise such statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.otherwise, or to provide periodic updates or guidance. All forward-looking statements attributable to us, or to persons acting on our behalf, are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements.
The Company makes available in the investor relations section of its website at ir.conns.com updated monthly reports to the holders of its asset-backed notes. This information reflects the performance of the securitized portfolio only, in contrast to the financial statements contained herein, which reflect the performance of all of the Company's outstanding receivables, including those originated subsequent to those included in the securitized portfolio. The website and the information contained on our website is not incorporated in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or any other document filed with the SEC.
Overview
We encourage you to read this Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes. Our fiscal year ends on January 31. References to a fiscal year refer to the calendar year in which the fiscal year ends.
Executive Summary
Total revenues increaseddecreased to $398.2$355.8 million for the three months ended July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017 compared to $396.1$389.1 million for the three months ended July 31, 2015.April 30, 2016. Retail revenues decreased to $279.4 million for the three months ended April 30, 2017 from $319.0 million for the three months ended April 20, 2016. The increasedecrease in retail revenue was primarily driven by new store growth, partially offset by a decrease in same store sales of 5.1%. Excluding the impact of our April 2015 decision to exit video game products, digital cameras, and certain tablets, same15.2%, partially offset by new store sales for the quarter decreased 4.6%. Slower sales growth was alsogrowth. Sales were negatively impacted by underwriting changes made during the 2017 fiscal year, the delay in receipt of tax refunds by our customers, one less business day in 2017 versus the fourth quarter of fiscalleap year in 2016, and ingeneral consumer softness. Credit revenue increased to $76.5 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2017.three months ended April 30, 2017 from $70.1 million for the three months ended April 30, 2016. The decreaseincrease in credit revenue was due to aresulted from the origination of our higher-yielding direct loan product, which resulted in an increase in the portfolio yield rate of 14.0%to 18.2% from 15.8%, 210 basis points lower than a year ago, which included the negative impact of adjustments of $8.2 million as a result of changes in estimates for amounts of allowances for no-interest option credit programs and deferred interest, partially offset by growtha 3.1% decline in the average balance of the customer receivable portfolio of 8.7%. Excluding the impact of the changes in estimates, yield was up 10 basis points to the prior year period.portfolio.
Retail gross margin for the three months ended July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 was 37.1%38.4%, a decreasean increase of 60260 basis points versusfrom the 37.7%35.8% reported in the comparable quarter last year.three months ended April 30, 2016. The decreaseincrease in retail gross margin was driven by the impact softer sales have on our fixed warehouse and delivery costs, partially offset by theprimarily due to improved product margins across all product categories, favorable shift in product mix towards the furniture and mattress category.lower warehouse, delivery and transportation expenses through increased efficiencies and further optimization.
Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A") for the three months ended July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 was $119.8$106.5 million, an increasea decrease of $15.0$6.7 million, or 14.3%5.9%, over the same prior year period.three months ended April 30, 2016. The SG&A increasedecrease in the retail segment was primarily due to highera decrease in compensation, advertising, and delivery and transportation costs, partially offset by an increase in new store occupancy advertisingcosts and compensation. Thean increase in the corporate overhead allocation. The SG&A fordecrease in the credit segment was drivenprimarily

due to a decrease in compensation costs and in the charge to the credit segment to reimburse the retail segment for expenses, partially offset by an increase in the additional investmentscorporate overhead allocation. The increase in credit personnelthe corporate overhead allocation made to improve long-term credit performance. Total SG&Aeach of the segments was also impacteddriven by investments we are making in ITinformation technology and other personnel to support long-term performance improvement initiatives.

Provision for bad debts for the three months ended July 31, 2016first quarter of fiscal year 2018 was $60.2$55.9 million, an increasea decrease of $8.6$2.3 million from the same prior yearcomparable prior-year period. The increasedecrease was impacted byprimarily the following:
Duringresult of a decline in the three months ended July 31, 2016, provisionallowance for bad debts increaseddriven by $5.0 million as a result of changes in estimates as it relates to sales tax recovery on previously charged-off accounts (excluding the impact of the changes in estimates, provision for bad debts as a percent of average portfolio balance was down 20 basis points to the prior year period);
An 8.7% increasedecline in the average receivable portfolio balance resulting from new store openings over the past 12 months; and
The balance of customer receivables accounted for as troubled debt restructurings increasedin the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 compared to $128.6 million, or 8.3% ofan increase in the total portfolio balance, driving $1.9 million of additional provisionallowance for bad debts.debts driven by an increase in the balance of customer receivables in the first quarter of fiscal year 2017, partially offset by higher net-charge offs in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 compared to the first quarter of fiscal year 2017.
Interest expense increaseddecreased to $24.1$24.0 million for the three months ended July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, compared to $10.1$25.9 million for the three months ended July 31, 2015,April 30, 2016, primarily reflecting the increase ina lower average outstanding debt and an increase in our effective interest rate due to the asset-backed notes issued by our consolidated VIEs.balance of debt.
Net loss for the three months ended July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 was $11.9$2.6 million or $0.39 loss$0.08 per diluted share, which included the pre-tax impact of changes in estimates of $13.2 million, or $0.29 per diluted share, and netcertain pre-tax charges of $2.9$1.6 million or $0.06$0.03 per diluted share, primarily from impairments from disposals of two real estate assets, legal and professional fees related to exit costs associated with reducing the square footage of a distribution center and the loss on extinguishment of debt related to the amendment of our securities-related litigation, charges for severance and transition costs due to changes in the executive management team.revolving loan facility. This compares to net incomeloss for the three months ended July 31, 2015April 30, 2016 of $16.5$9.7 million, or $0.45$0.32 earnings per diluted share, which included net pre-tax charges of $1.0$0.5 million, or $0.02$0.01 per diluted share, primarily related to legal and professional fees related to the exploration of strategic alternatives and securities-related litigation.litigation, and executive management transition costs.
Company Initiatives
We are positioning ourselvesIn the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, we maintainedour focus on enhancing our credit platform to executeimprove near-term results and support the pursuit of the Company’s long-term growth strategiesobjectives. While impacted by tighter underwriting and other factors, our retail stores performed well, demonstrating our differentiated business model and the significant value we provide our customers. We believe our credit operations will benefit from the structural changes we are making to increase yield, reduce losses and improve overall credit performance. We delivered the following financial and operational results in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018:
We successfully launched our direct loan program in all six of our Louisiana locations, which contributed to an increase in the weighted average origination loan yield to 27.3% in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 from 21.4% in the second quarter of fiscal year 2017, an increase of 590 basis points;
Retail gross margin for the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 was 38.4%, an increase of 260 basis points over the first quarter of fiscal year 2017 of 35.8% driven primarily by improved product margins and mix;
We delivered an all-in cost of funds on the April 2017 Class A and B notes only, including transaction costs, of approximately 5.4% which was a 150- basis point improvement over the 6.9% all-in cost of funds, including transaction costs, for the Class A and B notes issued in the October 2016 securitization transaction;
We concurrently issued the Class C notes in the April 2017 transaction to obtain an advance rate of approximately 84%, the highest advance rate achieved in a securitization transaction since we re-entered the securitization market in 2012; and
Began to introduce a lease-to-own product through Progressive Leasing to our customers who do not qualify for our proprietary credit programs.
We believe we are positioned to prudently execute our long-term growth strategy and reduce financial and operational risk while enhancing shareholder value. As a result, we expectWe have identified the following strategic priorities for fiscal 2017year 2018:
Implement our direct loan program in certain additional states to be a transitional year as we work on improving the performance offurther enhance our credit operation while moderating our retail growth plan. Our plans include:yield;
Completing implementation of an updated underwriting strategyContinue to refine and continuing to review and modifyenhance our underwriting analysismodel and standards to improve the overall quality of our credit portfolio by quickly adapting to changes in consumer behavior, the regulatory environment, and portfolio performance;
Targeting the implementation of our new direct consumer loan program, at a higher interest rate of up to 30%, across all Texas locations by the end of this fiscal year, followed by the implementation of the program in other states with similar regulatory frameworks;
In states where regulations do not generally limit the interest rate charged, we recently increased our rates to 29.99%.
During the first quarter of fiscal 2017, we made changes to our no-interest programs to improve returnsfocus on capital that should increase the yield on our portfolio over the next few quarters, including reducing the availability of short-term no-interest programs to higher risk customers and moving all long-term no-interest programs to a third-party;
Focusing on further improvement of execution within our collection operations to reduce delinquency rates and future charge-offs;charge-offs to improve future credit segment profitability;
Focusing onLower our cost of funds;
Optimize our mix of quality, branded products and reduce warehouse, delivery and transportation costs to improve operating performance;increase our retail gross margin;
Reducing warehouse and delivery costs;
OptimizingMaintain focus on cost control of our product offering;SG&A expenses; and
During the six months ended July 31, 2016, we opened nineOpen three new stores, two of which were successfully opened in Alabama (1), Louisiana (2), Mississippi (1), Nevada (1), North Carolina (1), South Carolina (1)the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 and Tennessee (2), and we plan to open one additional new store for a totalall of 10 new stores for fiscal 2017, compared to 15 stores in fiscal 2016.which have been successfully opened as of the date of this report.

Outlook
The broad appeal of the Conn's store to our geographically diverse core demographic, the historical unit economics and current retail real estate market conditions provide substantial opportunity to expand towards a national retail platform.us ample room for continued expansion. There are many markets in the United States with similar demographic characteristics similar to those in our current successful store base.existing footprint, which provides substantial opportunities for future growth. We plan to continue to improve our operating results by leveraging our existing infrastructure and seeking to continually optimize the efficiency of our marketing, merchandising, sourcing, distribution and credit operations. As we penetrate new and existing markets, we expect to increase our purchase volumes, achieve distribution efficiencies and strengthen our relationships with our key vendors. We also expect our increased store base and higher net sales to further leverage our existing corporate and regional infrastructure.

Results of Operations 
The following tables present certain financial and other information, on a consolidated and segment basis: 
Consolidated:Three Months Ended 
 July 31,
 Six Months Ended 
 July 31,
Three Months Ended 
 April 30,
(in thousands)2016 2015 Change 2016 2015 Change2017 2016 Change
Revenues:                
Total net sales$331,999
 $324,946
 $7,053
 $650,541
 $623,425
 $27,116
$279,285
 $318,542
 $(39,257)
Finance charges and other revenues66,158
 71,104
 (4,946) 136,729
 137,701
 (972)76,541
 70,571
 5,970
Total revenues398,157
 396,050
 2,107
 787,270
 761,126
 26,144
355,826
 389,113
 (33,287)
Costs and expenses: 
  
  
      
 
  
  
Cost of goods sold208,869
 202,461
 6,408
 413,335
 389,594
 23,741
171,950
 204,466
 (32,516)
Selling, general and administrative expenses119,846
 104,832
 15,014
 233,093
 200,507
 32,586
106,537
 113,247
 (6,710)
Provision for bad debts60,196
 51,646
 8,550
 118,414
 99,189
 19,225
55,930
 58,218
 (2,288)
Charges and credits2,895
 1,013
 1,882
 3,421
 1,632
 1,789
1,227
 526
 701
Total costs and expenses391,806
 359,952
 31,854
 768,263
 690,922
 77,341
335,644
 376,457
 (40,813)
Operating income6,351
 36,098
 (29,747) 19,007
 70,204
 (51,197)20,182
 12,656
 7,526
Interest expense24,138
 10,055
 14,083
 50,034
 19,483
 30,551
24,008
 25,896
 (1,888)
Income (loss) before income taxes(17,787) 26,043
 (43,830) (31,027) 50,721
 (81,748)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes(5,863) 9,505
 (15,368) (9,354) 18,506
 (27,860)
Net income (loss)$(11,924) $16,538
 $(28,462) $(21,673) $32,215
 $(53,888)
Loss on extinguishment of debt349
 
 349
Loss before income taxes(4,175) (13,240) 9,065
Benefit for income taxes(1,595) (3,491) 1,896
Net loss$(2,580) $(9,749) $7,169
Supplementary Operating Segment Information
Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise that engage in business activities and for which discrete financial information is available that is evaluated on a regular basis by the chief operating decision maker to make decisions about how to allocate resources and assess performance. We are a leading specialty retailer and offer a broad selection of quality, branded durable consumer goods and related services in addition to a proprietary credit solution for our core credit-constrained consumers.We have two operating segments: (i) retail and (ii) credit. Our operating segments complement one another. The retail segment operates primarily through our stores and website and its product offerings include furniture and mattresses, home appliances, consumer electronics and home office products from leading global brands across a wide range of price points. Our credit segment offers affordable financing solutions to a large, under-served population of credit-constrained consumers who typically have limited credit alternatives. Our operating segments provide customers the opportunity to comparison shop across brands with confidence in our competitive prices as well as affordable monthly payment options, next day delivery and installation in the majority of our markets, and product repair service. We believe our large, attractively merchandised retail stores and credit solutions offer a distinctive value proposition compared to other retailers that target our core customer demographic. The operating segments follow the same accounting policies used in our consolidated financial statements.
We evaluate a segment’s performance based upon operating income before taxes. Selling, general and administrative expenses include the direct expenses of the retail and credit operations, allocated corporate overhead expenses, and a charge to the credit segment to reimburse the retail segment for expenses it incurs related to occupancy, personnel, advertising and other direct costs of the retail segment which benefit the credit operations by sourcing credit customers and collecting payments. The reimbursement received by the retail segment from the credit segment is estimated using an annual rate of 2.5% multiplied by the average portfolio balance for each applicable period.

The following table represents total revenues, costs and expenses, operating income and income before taxes attributable to these operating segments for the periods indicated:
Retail Segment:Three Months Ended 
 July 31,
 Six Months Ended 
 July 31,
Three Months Ended 
 April 30,
(in thousands)2016 2015 Change 2016 2015 Change2017 2016 Change
Revenues:















Product sales$299,723
 $293,739
 $5,984
 $586,213
 $565,365
 $20,848
$251,362
 $286,490
 $(35,128)
Repair service agreement commissions28,310
 27,756
 554
 56,495
 51,552
 4,943
24,696
 28,185
 (3,489)
Service revenues3,966
 3,451
 515
 7,833
 6,508
 1,325
3,227
 3,867
 (640)
Total net sales331,999
 324,946
 7,053
 650,541
 623,425
 27,116
279,285
 318,542
 (39,257)
Other revenues437
 659
 (222) 931
 808
 123
80
 494
 (414)
Total revenues332,436
 325,605
 6,831
 651,472
 624,233
 27,239
279,365
 319,036
 (39,671)
Costs and expenses: 
  
    
  
   
  
  
Cost of goods sold208,869
 202,461
 6,408
 413,335
 389,594
 23,741
171,950
 204,466
 (32,516)
Selling, general and administrative expenses (1)
84,838
 76,683
 8,155
 164,821
 144,910
 19,911
73,947
 79,983
 (6,036)
Provision for bad debts127
 324
 (197) 525
 393
 132
230
 398
 (168)
Charges and credits2,895
 1,013
 1,882
 3,421
 1,632
 1,789
1,227
 526
 701
Total costs and expenses296,729
 280,481
 16,248
 582,102
 536,529
 45,573
247,354
 285,373
 (38,019)
Operating income$35,707
 $45,124
 $(9,417) $69,370
 $87,704
 $(18,334)$32,011
 $33,663
 $(1,652)
Number of stores:                
Beginning of period108
 91
   103
 90
  113
 103
  
Open4
 4
   9
 7
  2
 5
  
Closed
 
   
 (2)  
 
  
End of period112
 95
   112
 95
  115
 108
  
Credit Segment:Three Months Ended 
 July 31,
 Six Months Ended 
 July 31,
Three Months Ended 
 April 30,
(in thousands)2016 2015 Change 2016 2015 Change2017 2016 Change
Revenues -                
Finance charges and other revenues$65,721
 $70,445
 $(4,724) $135,798
 $136,893
 $(1,095)$76,461
 $70,077
 $6,384
Costs and expenses: 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
Selling, general and administrative expenses (1)
35,008
 28,149
 6,859
 68,272
 55,597
 12,675
32,590
 33,264
 (674)
Provision for bad debts60,069
 51,322
 8,747
 117,889
 98,796
 19,093
55,700
 57,820
 (2,120)
Total cost and expenses95,077
 79,471
 15,606
 186,161
 154,393
 31,768
88,290
 91,084
 (2,794)
Operating loss(29,356) (9,026) (20,330) (50,363) (17,500) (32,863)(11,829) (21,007) 9,178
Interest expense24,138
 10,055
 14,083
 50,034
 19,483
 30,551
24,008
 25,896
 (1,888)
Loss on extinguishment of debt
 
 
 
 
 
349
 
 349
Loss before income taxes$(53,494) $(19,081) $(34,413) $(100,397) $(36,983) $(63,414)$(36,186) $(46,903) $10,717
(1)Selling, general and administrative expenses include the direct expenses of the retail and credit operations, allocated overhead expenses and a charge to the credit segment to reimburse the retail segment for expenses it incurs related to occupancy, personnel, advertising and other direct costs of the retail segment that benefit the credit operations by sourcing credit customers and collecting payments. The reimbursement received by the retail segment from the credit segment is estimated using an annual rate of 2.5% times the average portfolio balance for each applicable period. For the three months ended July 31,April 30, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, the amount of corporate overhead allocated to each segment was $6.5$6.4 million and $3.4 million, respectively. For the six months ended July 31, 2016 and 2015, the amount of overhead allocated to each segment was $12.2 million and $6.9$5.7 million, respectively. For the three months ended July 31,April 30, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, the amount of reimbursements made to the retail segment by the credit segment were $9.6$9.4 million and $8.9 million, respectively. For the six months ended July 31, 2016 and 2015, the amount of reimbursements made to the retail segment by the credit segment were $19.4 million and $17.4$9.7 million, respectively.


Three months ended July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 compared to three months ended July 31, 2015April 30, 2016
Revenues
The following table provides an analysis of retail net sales by product category in each period, including repair service agreement commissions and service revenues, expressed both in dollar amounts and as a percent of total net sales:
Three Months Ended July 31,   % Same storeThree Months Ended April 30,   % Same store
(dollars in thousands)2016 % of Total 2015 % of Total Change Change % change2017 % of Total 2016 % of Total Change Change % change
Furniture and mattress$105,562
 31.8% $98,882
 30.4% $6,680
 6.8 % (3.5)%$94,443
 33.8% $105,306
 33.0% $(10,863) (10.3)% (14.0)%
Home appliance101,359
 30.5
 97,260
 29.9
 4,099
 4.2
 (2.3)80,122
 28.7
 87,904
 27.6
 (7,782) (8.9) (11.3)
Consumer electronic65,735
 19.8
 69,682
 21.5
 (3,947) (5.7) (11.6)55,753
 20.0
 65,865
 20.7
 (10,112) (15.4) (17.6)
Home office21,701
 6.6
 22,940
 7.1
 (1,239) (5.4) (9.6)16,788
 6.0
 22,473
 7.1
 (5,685) (25.3) (27.0)
Other5,366
 1.6
 4,975
 1.5
 391
 7.9
 (1.8)4,256
 1.5
 4,942
 1.6
 (686) (13.9) (19.6)
Product sales299,723
 90.3
 293,739
 90.4
 5,984
 2.0
 (5.5)251,362
 90.0
 286,490
 90.0
 (35,128) (12.3) (15.1)
Repair service agreement commissions28,310
 8.5
 27,756
 8.5
 554
 2.0
 (2.4)24,696
 8.8
 28,185
 8.8
 (3,489) (12.4) (15.8)
Service revenues3,966
 1.2
 3,451
 1.1
 515
 14.9
  
3,227
 1.2
 3,867
 1.2
 (640) (16.6)  
Total net sales$331,999
 100.0% $324,946
 100.0% $7,053
 2.2 % (5.1)%$279,285
 100.0% $318,542
 100.0% $(39,257) (12.3)% (15.2)%
Excluding the impact of our April 2015 decision to exit video game products, digital cameras, and certain tablets,The decrease in same store sales for the quarter decreased 4.6%. Slower sales growth was impacted by underwriting changes made during fiscal year 2017, the delay in the fourth quarterpayment of fiscaltax refunds, one less business day in 2017 versus the leap year in 2016, and in the first quarter of fiscal 2017.general consumer softness. The following provides a summary of the performance of our product categories during the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 compared to the priorfirst quarter of fiscal year period:2017:
Furniture unit volume increased 4.8%, and average selling price increased 4.5%;
Mattress unit volume increased 4.3%decreased 24.1%, partially offset by a 3.2% decrease11.8% increase in average selling price;
Mattress unit volume decreased 21.6%, partially offset by a 15.0% increase in average selling price;
Home appliance unit volume increased 5.2% withdecreased 9.7% and average selling price flat. Total sales for refrigeration increased 7.1%, laundry increased 3.9%, and cooking was flat;

decreased 1.8%;
Consumer electronic unit volume decreased 10.1%, partially offset by a 5.1% increase in16.0% and average selling price. Television sales price decreased 4.0% as unit volume decreased 11.6%, partially offset by an 8.5% increase in average selling price. Excluding the impact from exiting video game products2.0%; and digital cameras, consumer electronics same store sales decreased 10.4%;
Home office unit volume decreased 9.7%28.7%, partially offset by a 5.4%2.5% increase in average selling price. Excluding the impact from exiting certain tablets, home office same store sales decreased 7.6%; and
The increase in repair service agreement commissions was driven by increased retail sales partially offset by lower retrospective commissions.
The following table provides the change of the components of finance charges and other revenues:
Three Months Ended 
 July 31,
  Three Months Ended 
 April 30,
  
(in thousands)2016 2015 Change2017 2016 Change
Interest income and fees$54,502
 $57,383
 $(2,881)$67,131
 $60,621
 $6,510
Insurance commissions11,219
 13,062
 (1,843)9,330
 9,457
 (127)
Other revenues437
 659
 (222)80
 493
 (413)
Finance charges and other revenues$66,158
 $71,104
 $(4,946)$76,541
 $70,571
 $5,970
The decreaseincrease in interest income and fees was due to a yield rate of 14.0%, 21018.2% during the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, 240 basis points lowerhigher than the priorfirst quarter of fiscal year period, which included the negative impact of adjustments of $8.2 million as a result of changes in estimates of amounts for allowances for no-interest option credit programs and deferred interest,2017, partially offset by growtha decline of 3.1% in the average balance of the customer receivable portfolio of 8.7%. Excluding the impact of the changes in estimates, yield was up 10 basis points to the prior year period. Insurance commissions decreased over the prior year period primarily due to the decline in the number of loans with insurance products. Insurance commissions were also impacted by the growth of sales in states that have lower premium requirements.portfolio.

The following table provides key portfolio performance information: 
Three Months Ended 
 July 31,
  Three Months Ended 
 April 30,
  
(dollars in thousands)2016 2015 Change2017 2016 Change
Interest income and fees$54,502
 $57,383
 $(2,881)$67,131
 $60,621
 $6,510
Net charge-offs(55,192) (41,564) (13,628)(59,248) (53,795) (5,453)
Interest expense(24,138) (10,055) (14,083)(24,008) (25,896) 1,888
Net portfolio yield$(24,828) $5,764
 $(30,592)
Net portfolio income$(16,125) $(19,070) $2,945
Average portfolio balance$1,540,224
 $1,417,100
 $123,124
$1,511,834
 $1,559,880
 $(48,046)
Interest income and fees yield (annualized)14.0% 16.1%  
Interest income and fee yield (annualized)18.2% 15.8%  
Net charge-off % (annualized)14.3% 11.7%  15.7% 13.8%  
Cost of Goods Sold and Retail Gross Margin
Three Months Ended 
 July 31,
  Three Months Ended 
 April 30,
  
(dollars in thousands)2016 2015 Change2017 2016 Change
Cost of goods sold$208,869
 $202,461
 $6,408
$171,950
 $204,466
 $(32,516)
Retail gross margin37.1% 37.7%  
38.4% 35.8%  
The decreaseincrease in retail gross margin was driven by the impact softer sales have on our fixed warehouse and delivery costs, partially offset by theprimarily due to improved product margins across all product categories, favorable shift in product mix towards the furniture and mattress category.

lower warehouse, delivery and transportation expenses through increased efficiencies and further optimization.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Three Months Ended 
 July 31,
  Three Months Ended 
 April 30,
  
(dollars in thousands)2016 2015 Change2017 2016 Change
Selling, general and administrative expenses:          
Retail segment$84,838
 $76,683
 $8,155
$73,947
 $79,983
 $(6,036)
Credit segment35,008
 28,149
 6,859
32,590
 33,264
 (674)
Selling, general and administrative expenses - Consolidated$119,846
 $104,832
 $15,014
$106,537
 $113,247
 $(6,710)
Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percent of total revenues30.1% 26.5%  
29.9% 29.1%  
The increase in SG&A fordecrease in the retail segment was primarily due to highera decrease in compensation, advertising, and delivery and transportation costs, partially offset by an increase in new store occupancy advertisingcosts and compensation, whichan increase in the overhead allocation. The decrease in retail revenue resulted in an increase in SG&A as a percent of segment revenues of 190140 basis points as compared to the priorfirst quarter of fiscal year period.2017. The increase in SG&A fordecrease in the credit segment was drivenprimarily due to a decrease in compensation costs and in the charge to the credit segment to reimburse the retail segment for expenses, partially offset by an increase in the additional investments in credit personnel to improve long-term credit performance.corporate overhead allocation. As a percent of average total customer portfolio balance (annualized), SG&A for the credit segment in the current periodfirst quarter of fiscal year 2018 increased 12010 basis points as compared to the priorfirst quarter of fiscal year period. Total SG&A2017. The increase in the corporate overhead allocation made to each of the segments was also impacteddriven by investments we are making in ITinformation technology and other personnel to support long-term performance improvement initiatives.



Provision for Bad Debts
Three Months Ended 
 July 31,
  Three Months Ended 
 April 30,
  
(dollars in thousands)2016 2015 Change2017 2016 Change
Provision for bad debts:          
Retail segment$127
 $324
 $(197)$230
 $398
 $(168)
Credit segment60,069
 51,322
 8,747
55,700
 57,820
 (2,120)
Provision for bad debts - Consolidated$60,196
 $51,646
 $8,550
$55,930
 $58,218
 $(2,288)
Provision for bad debts - Credit segment, as a percent of average portfolio balance (annualized)15.6% 14.5%  
14.7% 14.8%  
The year-over-year increasedecrease of $2.3 million in the credit segment provision for bad debts was impacted byprimarily the following:
Duringresult of a decline in the three months ended July 31, 2016, provisionallowance for bad debts increaseddriven by $5.0 million as a result of changes in estimates as it relates to sales tax recovery on previously charged-off accounts (excluding the impact of the changes in estimates, provision for bad debts as a percent of average portfolio balance was down 20 basis points to the prior year period);
An 8.7% increasedecline in the average receivable portfolio balance resulting from new store openings over the past 12 months; and
The balance of customer receivables accounted for as troubled debt restructurings increasedin the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 compared to $128.6 million, or 8.3% ofan increase in the total portfolio balance, driving $1.9 million of additional provisionallowance for bad debts.debts driven by an increase in the balance of customer receivables in the first quarter of fiscal year 2017, partially offset by higher net-charge offs in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 compared to the first quarter of fiscal year 2017.
Charges and Credits
Three Months Ended 
 July 31,
  Three Months Ended 
 April 30,
  
(in thousands)2016 2015 Change2017 2016 Change
Impairments from disposals$1,385
 $
 $1,385
Store and facility closure costs$1,227
 $
 $1,227
Legal and professional fees related to the exploration of strategic alternatives and securities-related litigation135
 1,013
 (878)
 454
 (454)
Employee severance1,213
 
 1,213
Executive management transition costs162
 
 162

 72
 (72)
$2,895
 $1,013
 $1,882
$1,227
 $526
 $701
During the three months ended July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, we hadincurred exit costs associated with impairments from disposalsreducing the square footage of two real estate assets,a distribution center. During the three months ended April 30, 2016, we incurred costs associated with legal and professional fees related to our securities-related litigation charges for severance and transition costs due to changes in the executive management team. The impairments from disposals included the write-off of leasehold improvements for one store

we relocated prior to the end of its useful life and incurred costs for a terminated store project prior to starting construction. During the three months ended July 31, 2015, we had costs associated with legal and professional fees related to our exploration of strategic alternatives and our securities-related litigation.
Interest Expense
For the three months ended July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, net interest expense increaseddecreased by $14.1$1.9 million from the prior year comparative period primarily reflecting a lower average outstanding balance of debt.
Loss on Extinguishment of Debt
During the increase in outstandingthree months ended April 30, 2017, we wrote-off $0.3 million of debt andissuance costs related to an increase inamendment to our effective interest rate duerevolving credit facility for lenders that did not continue to the asset-backed notes issued by our consolidated VIEs.participate.
Provision for Income Taxes
Three Months Ended 
 July 31,
  Three Months Ended 
 April 30,
  
(dollars in thousands)2016 2015 Change2017 2016 Change
Provision (benefit) for income taxes$(5,863) $9,505
 $(15,368)$(1,595) $(3,491) $1,896
Effective tax rate33.0% 36.5%  
38.2% 26.4%  
The decreaseincrease in the income tax rate for the three months ended July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 was impacted bydue to a change from the actual effective tax expense from state taxes offsetting the federal income tax benefit.
Six months ended July 31, 2016 compared to six months ended July 31, 2015
Revenues
The following table provides an analysis of retail net sales by product category in each period, including repair service agreement commissions and service revenues, expressed both in dollar amounts and as a percent of total net sales:
 Six Months Ended July 31,   % Same store
(dollars in thousands)2016 % of Total 2015 % of Total Change Change % change
Furniture and mattress$210,868
 32.4% $188,384
 30.2% $22,484
 11.9 % 0.7 %
Home appliance189,263
 29.1
 181,362
 29.1
 7,901
 4.4
 (2.8)
Consumer electronic131,600
 20.2
 141,112
 22.6
 (9,512) (6.7) (12.4)
Home office44,174
 6.8
 44,925
 7.2
 (751) (1.7) (6.6)
Other10,308
 1.6
 9,582
 1.5
 726
 7.6
 (0.7)
Product sales586,213
 90.1
 565,365
 90.6
 20,848
 3.7
 (4.3)
Repair service agreement commissions56,495
 8.7
 51,552
 8.3
 4,943
 9.6
 0.1
Service revenues7,833
 1.2
 6,508
 1.1
 1,325
 20.4
  
Total net sales$650,541
 100.0% $623,425
 100.0% $27,116
 4.3 % (3.8)%
Excluding the impact of our April 2015 decision to exit video game products, digital cameras, and certain tablets, same store sales for the six months ended July 31, 2016 decreased 2.5%. Slower sales growth was also impacted by underwriting changes made in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016 and in the first quarter of fiscal 2017. The following provides a summary of the performance of our product categories during the quarter comparedrate ("ETR") method to the prior year period:
Furniture unit volume increased 12.8%,annualized ETR method and, average selling price increased 1.1%;
Mattress unit volume increased 12.7%, partially offset byto a 4.1% decrease in average selling price;
Home appliance unit volume increased 5.3% with average selling price flat. Total sales for refrigeration increased 7.0%, laundry increased 3.3%, and cooking increased 4.0%;
Consumer electronic unit volume decreased 10.3%, partially offset by a 4.5% increase in average selling price. Television sales decreased 2.8% as unit volume decreased 9.9%, partially offset bylesser extent, an 7.9% increase in average selling price. Excluding the impact from exiting video game products and digital cameras, consumer electronics same store sales decreased 9.1%;
Home office unit volume decreased 8.5%, partially offset by a 8.1% increase in average selling price. Excluding the impact from exiting certain tablets, home office same store sales decreased 2.6%; and
The increase in repair service agreement commissions was driven by increased retail sales.

The following table provides the change of the components of finance charges and other revenues:
 Six Months Ended 
 July 31,
  
(in thousands)2016 2015 Change
Interest income and fees$115,123
 $112,802
 $2,321
Insurance commissions20,675
 24,091
 (3,416)
Other revenues931
 808
 123
Finance charges and other revenues$136,729
 $137,701
 $(972)
Interest income and fees of the credit segment increased over the prior year primarily driven by a 11.4% increase in the average balance of the portfolio, partially offset by a yield rate of 14.9%, 140 basis points lower than the prior year period, which included the negative impact of adjustments of $8.2 million as a result of changes in estimates of amounts for allowances for no-interest option credit programs and deferred interest resulting. Excluding the impact of the changes in estimates, yield was down 30 basis points comparedprovision related to the prior year period. Insurance commissions decreased over the prior year period primarily due to the decline in the number of loans with insurance products and due to the decline in retrospective commissions on insurance agreements as a result of higher charge-offs. Insurance commissions were also impacted by the growth of sales in states that have lower premium requirements.
The following table provides key portfolio performance information: 
 Six Months Ended 
 July 31,
  
(dollars in thousands)2016 2015 Change
Interest income and fees$115,123
 $112,802
 $2,321
Net charge-offs(108,987) (83,214) (25,773)
Interest expense(50,034) (19,483) (30,551)
Net portfolio yield$(43,898) $10,105
 $(54,003)
Average portfolio balance$1,551,847
 $1,393,603
 158,244
Interest income and fee yield % (annualized)14.9% 16.3%  
Net charge-off % (annualized)14.0% 11.9%  
Cost of Goods Sold and Retail Gross Margin
 Six Months Ended 
 July 31,
  
(dollars in thousands)2016 2015 Change
Cost of goods sold$413,335
 $389,594
 $23,741
Retail gross margin36.5% 37.5%  
The decrease in retail gross margin was driven by the impact softer sales have on our fixed warehouse and delivery costs and higher inventory shrink, partially offset by the favorable shift in product mix towards the furniture and mattress category.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
 Six Months Ended 
 July 31,
  
(dollars in thousands)2016 2015 Change
Selling, general and administrative expenses:     
Retail segment$164,821
 $144,910
 $19,911
Credit segment68,272
 55,597
 12,675
Selling, general and administrative expenses - Consolidated$233,093
 $200,507
 $32,586
As a percent of total revenues29.6% 26.3%  
state income taxes. 

The increase in SG&A for the retail segment was primarily due to higher new store occupancy, advertising and compensation, which resulted in an increase as a percent of segment revenues of 210 basis points as compared to the prior year period. The increase in SG&A for the credit segment was driven by the additional investments in credit personnel to improve long-term credit performance. As a percent of average total customer portfolio balance (annualized), SG&A for the credit segment in the current period increased 80 basis points as compared to the prior year period. Total SG&A was also impacted by investments we are making in IT and other personnel to support long-term performance improvement initiatives.
Provision for Bad Debts
 Six Months Ended 
 July 31,
  
(dollars in thousands)2016 2015 Change
Provision for bad debts:     
Retail segment$525
 $393
 $132
Credit segment117,889
 98,796
 19,093
Provision for bad debts - Consolidated$118,414
 $99,189
 $19,225
Provision for bad debts - Credit segment, as a percent of average portfolio balance (annualized)15.2% 14.2%  
The year-over-year increase in the credit segment provision for bad debts was impacted by the following:
During the six months ended July 31, 2016, provision for bad debts increased by $5.0 million as a result of changes in estimates as it relates to sales tax recovery on previously charged-off accounts (excluding the impact of the changes in estimates, provision for bad debts as a percent of average portfolio balance was up 40 basis points to the prior year period);
An 11.4% increase in the average receivable portfolio balance resulting from new store openings over the past 12 months; and
The balance of customer receivables accounted for as troubled debt restructurings increased to $128.6 million, or 8.3% of the total portfolio balance, driving $3.4 million of additional provision for bad debts.
Charges and Credits
 Six Months Ended 
 July 31,
  
(in thousands)2016 2015 Change
Store and facility closure costs$
 $425
 $(425)
Impairments from disposals1,385
 
 1,385
Legal and professional fees related to the exploration of strategic alternatives and securities-related litigation589
 1,207
 (618)
Employee severance1,213
 
 1,213
Executive management transition costs234
 
 234
 $3,421
 $1,632
 $1,789
During the six months ended July 31, 2016, we had costs associated with impairments from disposals of two real estate assets, legal and professional fees related to our securities-related litigation, charges for severance and transition costs due to changes in the executive management team. The impairments from disposals included the write-off of leasehold improvements for one store we relocated prior to the end of its useful life and incurred costs for a terminated store project prior to starting construction. During the six months ended July 31, 2015, we had charges related to the closing of under-performing retail locations and costs associated with legal and professional fees related to our exploration of strategic alternatives and our securities-related litigation.
Interest Expense
For the six months ended July 31, 2016, net interest expense increased by $30.6 million from the prior year comparative period primarily reflecting the increase in outstanding debt and an increase in our effective interest rate due to the asset-backed notes issued by our consolidated VIEs.

Provision for Income Taxes
 Six Months Ended 
 July 31,
  
(dollars in thousands)2016 2015 Change
Provision (benefit) for income taxes$(9,354) $18,506
 $(27,860)
Effective tax rate30.1% 36.5%  
The decrease in the income tax rate for the six months ended July 31, 2016 was impacted by tax expense from state taxes offsetting the federal income tax benefit.
Customer Receivable Portfolio
We provide in-house financing to individual consumers on a short-termshort- and medium-term basis (maximum initial contractual term is 32(contractual terms generally range from 12 to 36 months) for the purchase of durable products for the home. A significant portion of our customer credit portfolio is due from customers that are considered higher-risk, subprime borrowers. Our financing is executed using an installment contract, which requires acontracts that require fixed monthly paymentpayments over a fixed term.terms. We maintain a secured interest in the product financed. If a payment is delayed, missed or paid only in part, the account becomes delinquent. Our collection personnel attempt to contact a customer once their account becomes delinquent. Our loan contracts generally provide for interest at the maximum rate allowed by the respective regulations in the states in which we operate, which generally range between 18% and 21%30%. We are working to fully implementDuring the third quarter of fiscal 2017, we implemented our new direct consumer loan program across all Texas locations. During the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, we implemented our new direct loan program acrossin all Texas locations by the end of this fiscal year.Louisiana locations. The statestates of Texas representsand Louisiana represent approximately 70%72% of our recentfirst quarter of fiscal year 2018 originations, which under our current offering hasprevious offerings had a maximum equivalent interest rate of approximately 21%, compared to an interest rate of up to 30% under our new direct loan program.programs. Additionally, we are working through the regulatory framework to raise our interest rates in certain other states that represent 14% of our originations.states. In states where regulations do not generally limit the interest rate charged, we recently increased our rates in the third quarter of fiscal year 2017 to 29.99%.
We offer 12-month,12- and 18-month cash-option, no-interest finance programs. If the customer is delinquent in making a scheduled monthly payment or does not repay the principal in full by the end of the no-interest program period (grace periods are provided), the account does not qualify for the no-interest provision and none of the interest earned is waived. We previously offered 18- and 24-month equal-payment, no-interest finance programs to certain higher credit quality borrowers, which were discounted to their present value at origination, resulting in a reduction in sales and customer receivables, and the discount amount is amortized into finance charges and other revenues over the term of the contract. If a customer is delinquent in making a scheduled monthly payment (grace periods are provided), the account begins accruing interest based on the contract rate from the date of the last payment made.
We regularly extend or "re-age" a portion of our delinquent customer accounts as a part of our normal collection procedures to protect our investment. Generally, extensions are granted to customers who have experienced a financial difficulty (such as the temporary loss of employment), which wasis subsequently resolved, and when the customer indicates a willingness and ability to resume making monthly payments. Re-ages are not granted to debtors who demonstrate a lack of intent or ability to service the obligation or have reached our limits for account re-aging. These re-ages involve modifying the payment terms to defer a portion of the cash payments currently required of the debtor to help the debtor improve his or her financial condition and eventually be able to pay us. Our re-aging of customer accounts does not change the interest rate or the total amount due from the customer and typically does not reduce the monthly contractual payments. We may also charge the customer an extension fee, which approximates the interest owed for the time period the contract was past due. To a much lesser extent, we may provide the customer the ability to re-age their obligation by refinancing the account, which does not change the interest rate or the total amount due from the customer but does reduce the monthly contractual payments and extends the term. Under these options, as with extensions, the customer must resolve the reason for delinquency and show a willingness and ability to resume making contractual monthly payments.

The following tables present, for comparison purposes, information about our managed portfolio (information reflects on a combined basis the securitized receivables transferred to the VIEs and receivables not transferred to the VIEs): 
As of July 31,As of April 30,

2016 20152017 2016
Weighted average credit score of outstanding balances(1)
595
 596
588
 595
Average outstanding customer balance$2,365
 $2,366
$2,360
 $2,381
Balances 60+ days past due as a percentage of total customer portfolio balance(2)
9.6% 9.2%9.8% 8.6%
Re-aged balance as a percentage of total customer portfolio balance(2)
15.3% 13.0%15.8% 14.8%
Account balances re-aged more than six months (in thousands)$69,415
 $52,688
$74,238
 $65,615
Allowance for bad debts as a percentage of total customer portfolio balance13.0% 11.3%14.0% 12.7%
Percent of total customer portfolio balance represented by no-interest option receivables33.3% 36.1%26.0% 36.5%


Three Months Ended 
 July 31,

Six Months Ended 
 July 31,
Three Months Ended 
 April 30,

2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016
Total applications processed334,854
 311,995
 649,232
 604,597
290,327
 314,378
Weighted average origination credit score of sales financed(1)
611
 617
 610
 617
608
 609
Percent of total applications approved and utilized35.4% 44.9% 36.1% 44.6%31.1% 35.9%
Average down payment3.3% 3.3% 3.6% 3.7%3.7% 3.9%
Average income of credit customer at origination$41,500
 $40,600
 $40,900
 $40,500
$41,900
 $40,100
Percent of retail sales paid for by: 
  
  
  
 
  
In-house financing, including down payment received71.8% 82.5% 73.6% 83.9%70.5% 75.5%
Third-party financing17.2% 7.0% 14.9% 4.9%15.1% 12.5%
Third-party rent-to-own option4.9% 4.1% 5.1% 4.6%
Third-party lease-to-own option7.6% 5.2%

93.9% 93.6% 93.6% 93.4%93.2% 93.2%
(1)Credit scores exclude non-scored accounts.
(2)Accounts that become delinquent after being re-aged are included in both the delinquency and re-aged amounts.
The decrease in the weighted average credit score of outstanding balances was driven by us reducing the availability of cash-option, no-interest programs to higher risk customers and moving origination of long-term equal-payment, no-interest programs to a third-party, partially offset by underwriting changes made in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016 and during fiscal year 2017. The underwriting changes were made to reduce credit risk, specifically related to new customers, while identifying opportunities to increase originations to certain existing customers.
Our customer portfolio balance and related allowance for uncollectible accounts are segregated between customer accounts receivable and restructured accounts. Customer accounts receivable include all accounts for which payment term has not been cumulatively extended over 90 days or refinanced. Restructured accounts includes all accounts for which payment term has been re-aged in excess of three months or refinanced.
For customer accounts receivable (excluding restructured accounts), the allowance for uncollectible accounts as a percentage of the outstanding portfolio balance rose from 9.5%10.6% as of July 31, 2015April 30, 2016 to 10.8%11.4% as of July 31, 2016.April 30, 2017. The percentage of non-restructured accounts greater than 60 days past due increased 3080 basis points over the prior year period to 8.1%8.3% as of July 31, 2016.April 30, 2017. We expect delinquency levels and charge-offscharge-off rates to remain elevated over the short-term. The increase in delinquency and changes in expectations for customer performance and cash recoveries on charged-off accounts are reflected in our projection models, resulting in an increase in the levelrate of losses we expect to realize over the next twelve12 months.
For restructured accounts, the allowance for uncollectible accounts as a percentage of the portfolio balance was 35.6%36.6% as of July 31, 2015April 30, 2016 as compared to 37.0%38.7% as of July 31, 2016.April 30, 2017. This 140210 basis point increase reflects the impact of higher delinquency rates and charge-offs from a year ago.
The percent of bad debt charge-offs, net of recoveries, to average portfolio balance was 11.7%13.8% for the three months ended July 31, 2015April 30, 2016 compared to 14.3%15.7% for the three months ended July 31, 2016.April 30, 2017. The increase was primarily due to the higher level of delinquency experienced over the past twelve months and included an adjustment of $3.9 million based on a revised estimate of the amount of sales tax recovery from previously charged-off accounts that we expect to claim with particular taxing jurisdictions, which resulted in an 110 basis point negative impact.months.
As of July 31,April 30, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, balances under no-interest programs included within customer receivables were $513.9$385.7 million and $524.1$561.8 million, respectively. We recently shifted our18-our 18- and 24-month equal-payment, no-interest programs to a third-party and removed 12-monthreduced the availability of cash-option, no-interest program eligibility for certainprograms to higher risk customers. As a result, a decline in the proportion of accounts financed under no-interest programs is likely to result in an increase in the overall yield recognized.

Liquidity and Capital Resources 
We require liquidity and capital resources to finance our operations and future growth as we add new stores and markets to our operations, which in turn requires additional working capital for increased customer receivables and inventory. We generally finance our operations primarily through a combination of cash flow generated from operations, the use of our revolving credit facility, and through periodic securitizations of originated customer receivables.
In September 2015, we securitized $1.4 billion We plan to execute periodic securitizations of future originated customer accounts receivables by transferring the receivables to a bankruptcy-remote variable-interest entity (the "2015 VIE"). The 2015 VIE issued asset-backed notes at a face amount of $1.12 billion secured by the transferred portfolio balance, which resulted in net proceeds to us of approximately $1.08 billion, net of transaction costs and restricted cash held by the 2015 VIE. The net proceeds were used to pay down the outstanding balance on our revolving credit facility, to repurchase shares of the Company's common stock and Senior Notes, and for other general corporate purposes.
In March 2016, we securitized $705.1 million of customer accounts receivables by transferring the receivables to a new bankruptcy-remote variable-interest entity (the "2016 VIE" or together with the 2015 VIE, the "VIEs"). The 2016 VIE issued two classes of asset-backed notes at a total face amount of $493.5 million secured by the transferred customer accounts receivables. This resulted in net proceeds to us of approximately $478.0 million, net of transaction costs and reserves. The net proceeds were used to pay down the outstanding balance on our revolving credit facility and for other general corporate purposes.
Under the terms of the securitization transactions, the customer receivable principal and interest payment cash flows will go first to the servicer and the holders of the securitization notes, and then to the residual equity holder. We retain the servicing of the securitized portfolios and are receiving monthly fees of 4.75% (annualized) based on the outstanding balance of the securitized receivables. We currently hold all of the residual equity for the VIEs and hold the third class of asset-backed notes of the 2016 VIE. In addition, we, rather than the VIEs, will retain all credit insurance income together with certain recoveries related to credit insurance and repair service agreements on charged-offs of the securitized receivables, which will continue to be reflected as a reduction of net charge-offs on a consolidated basis for as long as we consolidate the VIEs.
We are working to fully implement our new direct loan program across all Texas locations by the end of this fiscal year. The state of Texas represents approximately 70% of our recent originations, which under our current offering has a maximum equivalent interest rate of approximately 21%, compared to 30% under our new direct loan program. Additionally, we are working through the regulatory framework to raise our interest rates in certain other states that represent 14% of our originations. In states where regulations do not generally limit the interest rate charged, we recently increased our rates to 29.99%. These efforts are expected enhance the profitability of our credit segment.
We believe, based on our current projections, that we have sufficient sources of liquidity to fund our operations, store expansion and updatingrenovation activities, and capital programsexpenditures for at least the next twelve12 months.

Operating cash flow activities.flows. DuringFor the sixthree months ended July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, net cash provided by operating activities was $131.9$90.8 million as compared to net cash used in operating activities of $13.4$108.7 million duringfor the prior-year period.three months ended April 30, 2016. The increasedecrease in net cash provided by operating activities was primarily driven by the lower growth ratea decrease in our customer portfolio balance,cash provided by working capital improvements, and an increasea decrease in the amount of tenant improvement allowances received, partially offset by the decreaselower growth rate in our customer portfolio balance, which resulted in collections on customer accounts exceeding the growth in new accounts, and an increase in net income when adjusted for non-cash activity, including the increases in provision for bad debts and uncollectible interest and amortization of debt issuance costs and the change in deferred income taxes.activity.
Investing cash flow activities.flows.  DuringFor the sixthree months ended July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, net cash used in investing activities was $31.3$4.3 million as compared to $29.6$16.3 million duringfor the prior-year period. Purchasesthree months ended April 30, 2016. The change was primarily the result of property and equipment increased year-over-year relatedlower capital expenditures due to fewer new store openings in the current quarter compared to the timing of construction activities for new stores, as well as store remodels and relocations.comparable prior year period. 
Financing cash flow activities.flows.  DuringFor the sixthree months ended July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, net cash provided by financing activities was $2.8 million compared to net cash used in financing activities was $97.3of $93.1 million as compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $37.7 million duringfor the prior-year period.three months ended April 30, 2016. During the sixthree months ended July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, the 20162017-A VIE issued asset-backed notes resulting in net proceeds to us of approximately $478.0$456.7 million, net of transaction costs and reserves. The net proceedsrestricted cash held by the 2017-A VIE, which were used to pay down the entire balance on our revolving credit facility. Alsofacility and for other general corporate purposes. Cash collections from the securitized receivables were used to make payments on the asset-backed notes of approximately $232.9 million during the sixthree months ended July 31,April 30, 2017 compared to approximately $289.6 million in the comparable prior year period. During the three months ended April 30, 2016, we made payments of $537.8 million onthe 2016-A VIE issued asset-backed notes fromresulting in net proceeds receivedto us of approximately $478.2 million, net of transaction costs and restricted cash held by the 2016-A VIE, which were used to pay down the balance on the securitized receivables. During the six months ended July 31, 2015, financing activities were primarily limited to the use of theour revolving credit facility. facility and for other general corporate purposes.
Senior Notes. On July 1, 2014, we issued $250.0 million of the unsecured Senior Notes due July 2022 bearing interest at 7.250%7.25%, pursuant to an indenture dated July 1, 2014 (the "Indenture"), among Conn's, Inc., its subsidiary guarantors (the "Guarantors") and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. During the year ended January 31, 2016, we repurchased $23.0 million of face value of the Senior Notes for $22.9 million. The effective interest rate of the Senior Notes after giving effect to offering feesthe discount and debt discountissuance costs is 7.7%7.8%.

The Indenture as amended, restricts the Company's and certain of its subsidiaries' ability to: (i) incur indebtedness; (ii) pay dividends or make other distributions in respect of, or repurchase or redeem, our capital stock ("restricted payments"); (iii) prepay, redeem or repurchase debt that is junior in right of payment to the notes; (iv) make loans and certain investments; (v) sell assets; (vi) incur liens; (vii) enter into transactions with affiliates; and (viii) consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of our assets. These covenants are subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications. Specifically, limitations foron restricted payments are triggered only effective if one or more of the following occurred: (1) a default were to exist under the indenture,Indenture, (2) if we could not satisfy a debt incurrence test, and (3) if the aggregate amount of restricted payments wouldwere to exceed an amount tied to the consolidated net income. These limitations, however, are subject to two exceptions: (1) an exception that permits the payment of up to $375.0 million in restricted payments, and (2) an exception that permits restricted payments regardless of dollar amount so long as, after giving pro forma effect to the dividends and other restricted payments, we would have had a leverage ratio, as defined under the Indenture, of less than or equal to 2.50 to 1.00. Thus,1.0. As a result of these exceptions, as of July 31, 2016, $190.2April 30, 2017, $173.4 million would have been free from the dividenddistribution restriction. However, as a result of the revolving credit facility dividenddistribution restrictions, which are further described below, no amount was available for dividends.we were restricted from making a distribution as of April 30, 2017. During any time when the Senior Notes are rated investment grade by either of Moody's Investors Service, Inc. or Standard & Poor's Ratings Services and no default (as defined in the Indenture) has occurred and is continuing, many of such covenants will be suspended and we will cease to be subject to such covenants during such period.
Events of default under the Indenture include customary events, such as a cross-acceleration provision in the event that we default inon the payment of other debt due at maturity or upon acceleration forof default in an amount exceeding $25.0 million, as well as in the event a judgment is entered against us in excess of $25.0 million that is not discharged, bonded or insured.
Asset-backed Notes. During fiscal years 2018, 2017 and 2016, we securitized customer accounts receivables by transferring the receivables to various bankruptcy-remote VIEs. In September 2015,turn, the 2015 VIEVIEs issued asset-backed notes secured by the transferred customer accounts receivables and restricted cash held by the 2015 VIE. VIEs.
Under the terms of the securitization transactions, all cash collections and other cash proceeds of the customer receivables go first to the servicer and the holders of issued notes, and then to us as the holder of non-issued notes and residual equity. We retain the servicing of the securitized portfolios and receive a monthly fee of 4.75% (annualized) based on the outstanding balance of the securitized receivables. In addition, we, rather than the VIEs, retain all credit insurance income together with certain recoveries related to credit insurance and repair service agreements on charge-offs of the securitized receivables, which are reflected as a reduction to net charge-offs on a consolidated basis.
The asset-backed notes consist of the following securities:
Asset-backed Fixed Rate Notes, Class A, Series 2015-A ("2015-A Class A Notes") in aggregate principal amount of $952.1 million that bear interest at a fixed annual rate of 4.565% and mature on September 15, 2020. The effective interest rate of the 2015-A Class A Notes after giving effect to offering fees is 6.8%.
Asset-backed Fixed Rate Notes, Class B, Series 2015-A ("2015-A Class B Notes") in aggregate principal amount of $165.9 million that bear interest at a fixed annual rate of 8.500% and mature on September 15, 2020. The effective interest rate of the 2015-A Class B Notes after giving effect to offering fees is 12.8%.
The 2015-A Class A Notes and 2015-A Class B Notes were offered and sold to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to the exemptions from registration provided by Rule 144A under the Securities Act.Act of 1933, as amended. If an event of default were to occur under the indenture that governs the respective asset-backed notes, the payment of the outstanding amounts wouldmay be accelerated, in which event the cash proceeds of the receivables that otherwise might be released to us as the holder of the residual equity holder would instead be directed entirely toward repayment of the 2015-A Class A Notes and 2015-A Class B Notes.asset-backed notes, or if the receivables are liquidated, all liquidation proceeds could be directed solely to repayment of the

asset-backed notes as governed by the respective terms of the asset-backed notes. The holders of the asset-backed notes have no recourse to assets outside of the 2015 VIE.VIEs. Events of default include, but are not limited to, failure to make required payments on the asset-backed notes or specified bankruptcy-related events.
In March 2016, the 2016 VIE issued asset-backed notes secured by the transferred customer accounts receivables and restricted cash held by the 2016 VIE. The asset-backed notes consist of the following securities:following:
Asset-backed Fixed Rate Notes, Class A, Series 2016-A ("2016-A Class A Notes") in aggregate principal amount of $423.0 million that bear interest at a fixed annual rate of 4.680% and mature on April 16, 2018. The effective interest rate of the 2016-A Class A Notes after giving effect to offering fees is 6.8%.
Asset-backed Fixed Rate Notes, Class B, Series 2016-A ("2016-A Class B Notes") in aggregate principal amount of $70.5 million that bear interest at a fixed annual rate of 8.960% and mature on August 15, 2018. The effective interest rate of the 2016-A Class B Notes after giving effect to offering fees is 9.8%.
Asset-Backed Notes Principal Amount 
Net Proceeds(1)
 Issuance Date Maturity Date Fixed Interest Rate 
Effective Interest Rate(2)
2015 Class B Notes 165,900
 156,200
 9/10/2015 9/15/2020 8.50% 15.60%
2016-A Class A Notes 423,030
 409,845
 3/17/2016 4/16/2018 4.68% 6.50%
2016-A Class B Notes 70,510
 68,309
 3/17/2016 8/15/2018 8.96% 9.60%
2016-A Class C Notes 70,510
 71,648
 10/12/2016 4/15/2020 12.00% 11.00%
2016-B Class A Notes 391,840
 380,033
 10/6/2016 10/15/2018 3.73% 5.70%
2016-B Class B Notes 111,960
 108,586
 10/6/2016 3/15/2019 7.34% 8.10%
2017-A Class A Notes 313,220
 304,451
 4/19/2017 7/15/2019 2.73% 5.50%
2017-A Class B Notes 106,270
 103,300
 4/19/2017 2/15/2020 5.11% 6.00%
2017-A Class C Notes 50,340
 48,919
 4/19/2017 10/15/2021 7.40% 7.90%
Total $1,703,580
 $1,651,291
        
The 2016-A Class A Notes and 2016-A Class B Notes were offered and sold to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to the exemptions from registration provided by Rule 144A under the Securities Act. If an event of default were to occur under the indenture that governs the notes, the payment of the outstanding amounts would be accelerated, in which event the cash proceeds of the receivables that otherwise might be released to us as the holder of a third class of asset-backed notes issued by the 2016 VIE ("2016-A Class C Notes") and the residual equity would instead be directed entirely toward repayment of the 2016-A Class A Notes and 2016-A Class B Notes. The holders of the notes have no recourse to assets outside of the 2016 VIE. Events of default include, but are not limited to, failure to make required payments on the notes or specified bankruptcy-related events.
(1)After giving effect to debt issuance costs and restricted cash held by the VIEs.
(2)For the three months ended April 30, 2017, and inclusive of retrospective adjustments to deferred debt issuance costs based on changes in timing of actual and expected cash flows.
Revolving Credit Facility.On October 30, 2015,March 31, 2017, Conn's, Inc. and certain of its subsidiaries (the "Borrowers") entered into a Third Amendment (the "Third Amendment") to the Third Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of October 30, 2015, with a syndicate of banks thatcertain lenders, which provides for an $810.0a $750.0 million asset-based revolving credit facility (the "revolving credit facility") under which credit availability is subject to a borrowing base. The revolving credit facility matures on October 30, 2018.2019.

On February 16, 2016,The Third Amendment, among other things, (a) extends the Borrowers entered into a first amendment tomaturity date of the revolving credit facility which resultedone year to October 30, 2019; (b) provides for a reduction in various changes, including:
Excluding non-cash deferred amortization of debt related transaction coststhe aggregate commitments from interest coverage ratio; and
Extending from 6 months$810 million to 18 months the time frame subsequent to the closing of a securitization transaction in which the Cash Recovery Percent covenant will be determined.
On May 18, 2016, the Borrowers entered into a second amendment to the revolving credit facility, which resulted in various changes, including:
Amending$750 million; (c) amends the minimum interest coverage ratio covenant so long asto (i) eliminate the borrowing base reduction discussed below is in effect, to:
Reduce the minimum interest coverage ratio covenant to 1.0x for the second quarter of fiscal 2017 through the first quarter of fiscal 2018; and
Reduce the minimum interest coverage ratio covenant to 1.25x for the second quarter of fiscal 2018 through the third quarter of fiscal 2019.
Modifying the conditions for repurchasesapplication of the Company's common stock, including the addition of a requirement to achieve a minimum interest coverage ratio covenant for the fiscal quarter ending April 30, 2017 and (ii) reduce the minimum interest coverage ratio (A) to 0.80x as of 2.5x for two consecutive quarters; and
Reducing the borrowing base by $15.0 million beginning on May 31, 2016, reducinglast day of the borrowing base by $10.0 million for any month beginning withfiscal quarter ending July 31, 2017, so long(B) to 1.10x as of the last day of the fiscal quarter ending October 31, 2017 and (C) to 1.25x as of the last day of each fiscal quarter thereafter, beginning with the fiscal quarter ending January 31, 2018; (d) sets the applicable margin at 3.50% for LIBOR loans and 2.50% for Base Rate loans until the Company demonstrates an interest coverage ratio isof equal to or greater than 1.10x for the fiscal quarter ending October 31, 2017, at least 1.25x,which point the applicable margin will revert to being determined according to the existing pricing grid based on facility availability; (e) reduces the minimum cash recovery percentage on the contracts it owns and no borrowing base reduction at anymanages from 4.50% to 4.45% for the first nine months of each fiscal year, and from 4.25% to 4.20% for the last three months of each fiscal year; (f) amends the definition of “EBITDA” to, among other things, exclude the impact of non-cash asset write-offs relating to construction in process; (g) amends the definition of “Interest Expense” to exclude certain non-interest expenses; (h) amends various definitions and other related provisions to clarify the Company’s ability to undertake permitted securitization transactions; (i) increases the number of equity cures that may be exercised during the term of the agreement from one time to two times, and increases the interest coverage ratio is at least 2.0x for two consecutive quarters.maximum amount of each such cure from $10 million to $20 million; and (j) modifies the calculations of “Tangible Net Worth” and “Interest Coverage Ratio” to deduct certain amounts attributable to the difference between a calculated loss reserve and the Company’s recorded loss reserve on its contracts.
As of July 31, 2016, loansLoans under the revolving credit facility bear interest, at our option, at a rate ofequal to LIBOR plus the applicable margin at 3.50% for LIBOR loans and 2.50% for base rate loans until the Company demonstrates an interest coverage ratio of equal to or greater than 1.10x for the fiscal quarter ending October 31, 2017, at which point the applicable margin will revert to being determined according to the pricing grid based on facility availability which specifies a margin ranging from 2.5%2.75% to 3.0%3.25% per annum (depending on quarterly average net availability under the borrowing base) or the alternate base rate plus a margin ranging from 1.5%1.75% to 2.0%2.25% per annum (depending on quarterly average net availability under the borrowing base). Pursuant to the second amendment, the margins increased by 25 basis points subsequent to July 31, 2016. The alternate base rate is the greatergreatest of the prime rate announced by Bank of America, N.A., the federal funds rate plus 0.5%, or LIBOR for a 30-day interest period plus 1.0%. The effective interest rate on borrowings outstanding under the revolving credit facility after giving effect to offering fees is 5.5%. We also pay an unused fee on the portion of the commitments that areis available for future borrowings or letters of credit at a rate ranging from 0.25% to 0.75% per annum, depending on the average outstanding balance and letters of credit of the revolving credit facility.facility in the immediately preceding quarter. The weighted-average interest rate on borrowings outstanding and including unused line fees under the revolving credit facility was 6.0% for the three months ended April 30, 2017.

The revolving credit facility provides funding based on a borrowing base calculation that includes customer accounts receivable and inventory, and provides for a $40.0 million sub-facility for letters of credit to support obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business. The obligations under the revolving credit facility are secured by substantially all assets of the Company, excluding the assets of the VIEs. As of July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, we had immediately available borrowing capacity of $97.7$128.8 million under our revolving credit facility, net of standby letters of credit issued of $5.3$5.8 million. We also had $407.5$615.4 million that may become available under our revolving credit facility if we grow the balance of eligible customer receivables and our total eligible inventory balances.
The revolving credit facility places restrictions on our ability to incur additional indebtedness, grant liens on assets, make distributions on equity interests, dispose of assets, make loans, pay other indebtedness, engage in mergers, and other matters. The revolving credit facility restricts our ability to make dividends and distributions unless no event of default exists and a liquidity test is satisfied. Subsidiaries of the Company may make dividends and distributions to the Company and other obligors under the revolving credit facility without restriction. As of July 31, 2016, underApril 30, 2017, $66.7 million would have been free to repay the Senior Notes. However, we were unable to make other distributions as a result of the revolving credit facility as amended, no amount was available for dividends.distribution restrictions. The revolving credit facility contains customary default provisions, which, if triggered, could result in acceleration of all amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility.

In connection with entering into the third amendment to the revolving credit facility, we wrote-off $0.3 million of debt issuance costs for lenders that did not continue to participate. We also paid $2.8 million of debt issuance costs, recorded as other assets, which will be amortized ratably over the remaining term of the revolving credit facility along with the unamortized debt issuance costs remaining on the revolving credit facility.
Debt covenants.Covenants. We were in compliance with our debt covenants as amended, at July 31, 2016.April 30, 2017. A summary of the significant financial covenants that govern our revolving credit facility, as amended, compared to our actual compliance status at July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 is presented below: 
Actual 
Required
Minimum/
Maximum
Actual Required
Minimum/
Maximum
Interest Coverage Ratio must equal or exceed minimum(1)1.03:1.00 1.00:1.001.27:1.00 Not Tested
Leverage Ratio must not exceed maximum2.63:1.00 4.00:1.002.42:1.00 4.00:1.00
ABS Excluded Leverage Ratio must not exceed maximum1.52:1.00 2.00:1.000.78:1.00 2.00:1.00
Cash Recovery Percent must exceed stated amount4.77% 4.50%5.51% 4.45%
Capital Expenditures, net, must not exceed maximum$26.0 million $75.0 million$4.5 million $75.0 million
(1) Not tested for the three months ended April 30, 2017.
All capitalized terms in the above table are defined by the revolving credit facility, as amended, and may or may not agree directly withto the financial statement captions in this document. Compliance with theThe covenants isare calculated quarterly, except for the Cash Recovery Percent, which is calculated monthly on a trailing three-month basis, and Capital Expenditures, which is calculated for a period of four consecutive fiscal quarters, as of the end of each fiscal quarter. The revolving credit facility provides for 18 months subsequent to the closing of a securitization transaction in which the Cash Recovery Percent will be determined based on the portfolio of contracts subject to the (i) securitization facilities; and (ii) a lien under the revolving credit facility.
Capital expenditures.  We lease the majority of our stores under operating leases, and our plans for future store locations include primarily operating leases, but do not exclude store ownership. Our capital expenditures for future new store projects should primarily be for our tenant improvements to the property leased (including any new distribution centers and cross-dock facilities), the cost of which is estimated to be between $1.0$1.3 million and $1.5 million per store (before tenant improvement allowances), and for our existing store remodels, estimated to range between $0.5 million and $1.0 million per store remodel, depending on store size. In the event we purchase existing properties, our capital expenditures will depend on the particular property and whether it is improved when purchased. We are continuously reviewing new relationshiprelationships and funding sources and alternatives for new stores, which may include "sale-leaseback" or direct "purchase-lease" programs, as well as other funding sources for our purchase and construction of those projects. If we are successful in these relationship developments,do not purchase the real property for new stores, our direct cash needs should include only our capital expenditures for tenant improvements to leased properties and our remodel programs for existing stores, but could include full ownership. During the six months ended July 31, 2016, westores. We have opened ninethree new stores during fiscal year 2018, two of which were successfully opened during the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 and weall of which have been successfully opened as of the date of this report. We do not plan to open oneany additional new stores for a total of 10 new stores forduring fiscal 2017.year 2018. Our anticipated capital expenditures for fiscal year 20172018 are between $37.0$20 and $25 million.

Cash Flow
We periodically evaluate our liquidity requirements, capital needs and availability of resources in view of inventory levels, expansion plans, debt service requirements and other operating cash needs. To meet our short- and long-term liquidity requirements, including payment of operating expenses and repayment of debt, we rely primarily on cash from operations. As of April 30, 2017, beyond cash generated from operations we had (i) immediately available borrowing capacity of $128.8 million under our revolving credit facility, (ii) $615.4 million that may become available under our revolving credit facility if we grow the balance of eligible customer receivables and $42.0our total eligible inventory balances and (iii) $112.8 million which does not take into account any potentialof cash on hand. However, we have in the past sought to raise additional capital.
We expect that, for the next 12 months, cash generated from operations, proceeds from potential accounts receivable securitizations and our revolving credit facility will be sufficient to provide us the sale of owned real estate.ability to fund our operations, provide the increased working capital necessary to support our strategy and fund planned capital expenditures discussed above in Capital expenditures.
We may repurchase or otherwise retire our debt and take other steps to reduce our debt or otherwise improve our financial position. These actions could include open market debt repurchases, negotiated repurchases, other retirements of outstanding debt and opportunistic refinancing of debt. The amount of debt that may be repurchased or otherwise retired, if any, will depend on market conditions, the Company’s cash position, compliance with debt covenant and restrictions and other considerations.
Off-Balance Sheet Liabilities and Other Contractual Obligations
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined by Item 303(a)(4) of Regulation S-K.
The following table presents a summary of our minimum contractual commitments and obligations as of July 31, 2016:April 30, 2017: 
  Payments due by period  Payments due by period
(in thousands)Total Less Than 1 Year 
1-3
Years
 
3-5
Years
 
More Than
5 Years
Total 
Less Than 1
Year
 
1-3
Years
 
3-5
Years
 
More Than
5 Years
Debt, including estimated interest payments:         
Revolving credit facility (1)
$325,531
 $11,573
 $313,958
 $
 $
Debt, including estimated interest payments(1):
         
Senior Notes325,024
 16,458
 32,915
 32,915
 242,736
312,760
 16,458
 32,915
 32,915
 230,472
2015-A Class A Notes (2)
232,344
 8,925
 17,851
 205,568
 
2015-A Class B Notes (2)
224,401
 14,102
 28,203
 182,096
 
2016-A Class A Notes (3)
260,365
 11,282
 249,083
 
 
2016-A Class B Notes (3)
83,405
 6,318
 77,087
 
 
2015 Class B Notes(2)
145,835
 9,629
 19,258
 116,948
 
2016A Class A Notes(2)
195
 195
 
 
 
2016A Class B Notes78,680
 6,318
 72,362
 
 
2016A Class C Notes(2)
95,569
 8,461
 87,108
 
 
2016B Class A Notes(2)
156,870
 5,549
 151,321
 
 
2016B Class B Notes(2)
127,360
 8,218
 119,142
 
 
2017A Class A Notes(2)
332,102
 8,551
 323,551
 
 
2017A Class B Notes(2)
121,460
 5,430
 116,030
 
 
2017A Class C Notes(2)
66,965
 3,725
 7,450
 55,790
 
Capital lease obligations2,340
 902
 1,438
 
 
8,363
 1,371
 1,891
 953
 4,148
Operating leases: 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
Real estate470,593
 27,617
 112,894
 107,650
 222,432
440,181
 56,998
 113,328
 106,877
 162,978
Equipment3,755
 2,039
 1,645
 71
 
3,035
 1,872
 1,139
 24
 
Contractual commitments (4)
106,525
 105,116
 1,409
 
 
Contractual commitments(3)
98,173
 92,913
 4,385
 875
 
Total$2,034,283
 $204,332
 $836,483
 $528,300
 $465,168
$1,987,548
 $225,688
 $1,049,880
 $314,382
 $397,598
(1)Estimated interest payments are based on the outstanding balance as of April 30, 2017 and the interest rate in effect as of July 31, 2016.at that time.
(2)The payments due by period for 2015-A Class Athe Senior Notes and 2015-A Class B Notesasset-backed notes were based on thetheir respective maturity date of September 15, 2020dates at their respective fixed annual interest rate. Actual principal and interest payments will be provided based on the proceeds from the securitized customer accounts receivables.
(3)The payments due by period for 2016-A Class A Notes and 2016-A Class B Notes were based on the maturity date of April 16, 2018 and August 15, 2018, respectively, at their respective fixed annual interest rate. Actual principal and interest payments will be provided based on the proceeds from the securitized customer accounts receivables.
(4)Contractual commitments primarily includes commitments to purchase inventory of $93.0$83.6 million and capital expenditures of $4.5$2.8 million, which is not reduced for any reimbursements we might receive for tenant improvement allowances from landlords, with the remaining relating to commitments for advertising and other services. The timing of the payments is subject to change based upon actual receipt and the terms of payment with the vendor.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates 
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires us to make estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Certain accounting policies are considered "critical accounting policies" because they are particularly dependent on estimates made by us about matters that are inherently uncertain and could have a material impact to our consolidated financial statements. We base our estimates on historical experience and on other assumptions that we believe are reasonable. As a result, actual results could differ because of the use of estimates. The description of critical accounting policies is included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2016.2017.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The information related to recent accounting pronouncements as set forth in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1, of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 3.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Loans under the revolving credit facility bear interest, at our option, at a rate ofequal to LIBOR plus the applicable margin at 3.50% for LIBOR loans and 2.50% for base rate loans until the Company demonstrates an interest coverage ratio of equal to or greater than 1.10x for the fiscal quarter ending October 31, 2017, at which point the applicable margin will revert to being determined according to the existing pricing grid based on facility availability which specifies a margin ranging from 2.5%2.75% to 3.0%3.25% per annum (depending on quarterly average net availability under the borrowing base) or the alternate base rate plus a margin ranging from 1.5%1.75% to 2.0%2.25% per annum (depending on quarterly average net availability under the borrowing base). Pursuant to the second amendment to the revolving credit facility, the margins increased by 25 basis points subsequent to July 31, 2016. The alternate base rate is the greatergreatest of the prime rate announced by Bank of America, N.A., the federal funds rate plus 0.5%, or LIBOR for a 30-day interest period plus 1.0%. Accordingly, changes in our quarterly average net availability under the borrowing base and LIBOR or the alternate base rate will affect the interest rate on, and therefore our costs under, the revolving credit facility. As of July 31, 2016, the balance outstandingApril 30, 2017, we did not have borrowings under our revolving credit facility was $299.5 million. A 100 basis point increase inand, consequently, did not have any material exposure to interest rates onrate market risks at the end of this period. However, any future borrowings under our revolving credit facility would increase our borrowing costs by $3.0 million overwill be at a 12-monthvariable rate of interest and we could potentially be materially adversely impacted should we require significant borrowings in the future, particularly during a period based on the balance outstanding at July 31, 2016.of rising interest rates.
For additional information regarding quantitative and qualitative market risks, as updated by the preceding paragraphs, see Item 7A.7A, "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk," of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2016.2017. 
ITEM 4.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 
Based on management's evaluation (with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and our Chief Financial Officer ("CFO")), as of the end of the period covered by this report, our CEO and CFO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")), are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. 
For the quarter ended July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, there have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting. 
PART II.OTHER INFORMATION 
ITEM 1.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS 
The information set forth in Note 7, Contingencies, of the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1, of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q is incorporated herein by reference. 

ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS 
As of the date of the filing, there have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2016.2017.
ITEM 2.UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
During the three months ended July 31, 2016, we did not engage in any share repurchase activity under our share repurchase program.None.
On September 9, 2015, we announced that the Board of Directors of the Company ("Board of Directors") authorized a repurchase program of up to an aggregate of $75.0 million of (i) shares of the Company's outstanding common stock; (ii) the Senior Notes; or (iii) a combination thereof. On November 2, 2015, we announced that the Board of Directors authorized an additional $100.0 million towards the repurchase program for purchase of shares of the Company's outstanding common stock, Senior Notes, or a combination thereof.  During fiscal 2016, we purchased 5.9 million shares of common stock, using $151.6 million of the $175.0 million repurchase authorization. Additionally, we utilized $22.9 million of the repurchase authorization to acquire $23.0 million of face value of our senior notes. As a result of the second amendment to our revolving credit facility executed on May 18, 2016, we must achieve a 2.5x minimum interest coverage ratio for two consecutive quarters before we will be permitted to make any further stock repurchases.
ITEM 3.DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES 
None. 
ITEM 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE 
Not applicable.
ITEM 5.  OTHER INFORMATION
None. 
ITEM 6.EXHIBITS 
The exhibits required pursuant to Item 6 of Form 10-Q are listed in the Exhibit Index filed herewith, which Exhibit Index is incorporated herein by reference.

SIGNATURE
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. 
 CONN'S, INC. 
    
 Date:September 8, 2016June 6, 2017 
    
 By:/s/ Lee A. Wright 
  Lee A. Wright 
  Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 
  (Principal Financial Officer and duly authorized to sign this report on behalf of the registrant) 


Table of Contents

EXHIBIT INDEX  
Exhibit
Number
 Description of Document
3.1 Certificate of Incorporation of Conn's, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Conn's, Inc. registration statement on Form S-1 (file no.(File No. 333-109046) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 23, 2003)
3.1.1 Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Conn's, Inc. dated June 3, 2004 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1.1 to Conn's, Inc. Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended April 30, 2004 (File No. 000-50421) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 7, 2004)
3.1.2 Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Conn's, Inc. dated May 30, 2012 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1.2 to Conn's, Inc. Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended April 30, 2012 (File No. 001-34956) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 5, 2012)
3.1.3 Certificate of Correction to the Certificate of Amendment to Conn's, Inc. Certificate of Incorporation (as corrected December 31, 2013) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1.3 to Conn's, Inc. Form 10-K for the annual period ended January 31, 2014 (File No. 001-34956) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 27, 2014)
3.1.4 Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Conn's, Inc. as filed on May 29, 2014 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1.4 to Conn's, Inc. Form 10-Q for the fiscalquarterly period ended April 30, 2014 (File No. 001-34956) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 2, 2014)
3.1.5Certificate of Designations of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of Conn's, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Conn's, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-34956) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 6, 2014)
3.1.6Certificate of Elimination of Certificate of Designations of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of Conn's Inc., dated September 10, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Conn's, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-34956) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 11, 2015)
3.2 Amended and Restated Bylaws of Conn's, Inc. effective as of December 3, 2013 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Conn's, Inc. Form 10-Q for the quarterquarterly period ended October 31, 2013 (File No. 001-34956) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 6, 2013)
3.3Certificate of Designations of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of Conn's, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Form 8-K (File No. 001-34956) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 6, 2014)
3.4Certificate of Elimination of Certificate of Designations of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of Conn’s Inc., dated September 10, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Form 8-K (File No. 001-34956) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 11, 2015)
4.1 Specimen of certificate for shares of Conn's, Inc.'s common stock (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Conn's, Inc. registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-109046) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 29, 2003)
4.2Base Indenture, dated as of April 19, 2017 by and between Conn’s Receivables Funding 2017-A, LLC, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K (File No. 001-34956) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 20, 2017)
4.2.1Series 2017-A Supplement to the Base Indenture, dated as of April 19, 2017, by and between Conn’s Receivables Funding 2017-A, LLC and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Form 8-K (File No. 001-34956) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 20, 2017)
10.1 Second Amendment to Third Amended and Restated Loan and SecurityNote Purchase Agreement, dated May 18, 2016,April 12, 2017, by and among the Conn’s, Inc., as parent and guarantor,Conn’s Receivables Funding 2017-A, LLC, Conn Appliances, Inc., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, MUFG Securities Americas Inc. and JP Morgan Securities LLC, as initial purchasers (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to Form 8-K (File No. 001-34956) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 20, 2017)
10.1.1First Receivables Purchase Agreement, dated April 19, 2017, by and between Conn Credit I, LPL.P. and Conn Credit Corporation, Inc., as borrowers, certain banks and financial institutions named therein, as lenders, and Bank of America N.A., in its capacity as agent for lendersAppliances Receivables Funding, LLC (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Conn's, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-34956) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on MayApril 20, 2016)2017)
10.210.1.2 Offer of employment from the Company to Lee A. Wright,Second Receivables Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 31, 2016April 19, 2017, by and between Conn Appliances Receivables Funding, LLC and Conn’s Receivables 2017-A Trust (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.110.2 to Conn's, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-34956) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 2, 2016)April 20, 2017)
10.310.2 Executive SeverancePurchase and Sale Agreement, dated April 19, 2017 by and between the CompanyConn Appliances Receivables Funding, LLC and Lee A. Wright, dated as of May 31, 2016Conn’s Receivables 2017-A Trust (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.210.3 to Conn's, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-34956) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 2, 2016)April 20, 2017)
10.410.2.1 Servicing Agreement dated as of April 19, 2017, among Conn’s Receivables Funding 2017-A, LLC, Conn’s Receivables 2017-A Trust, Conn Appliances, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (Time-based8-K (File No. 001-34956) as filed with the Securities and Performance-based Vesting) under the Conn’s, Inc. 2016 Omnibus Stock Incentive PlanExchange Commission on April 20, 2017)
10.511.1 Statement re: computation of earnings per share (incorporated by reference to Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (Time-based) under the Conn’s, Inc. 2016 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan10-Q)
31.1 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification (Principal(Chief Executive Officer) (filed herewith)

Exhibit
Number
Description of Document
31.2 Rule 13a-14(a)13a-14(d)/15d-14(a)15d-14(d) Certification (Principal(Chief Financial Officer) (filed herewith)
32.1 Section 1350 Certification (Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer) (furnished herewith)
101 The following financial information from our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the secondfirst quarter of fiscal year 2017,2018, filed with the SEC on September 8, 2016,June 6, 2017, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the consolidated balance sheets at July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 and January 31, 2016,2017, (ii) the consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended July 31,April 30, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, (iii) the consolidated statements of cash flows for the sixthree months ended July 31,April 30, 2017 and 2016 and 2015 and (iv) the notes to consolidated financial statements

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