(Unaudited) 

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the condensed consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same amounts shown in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows (dollars in thousands):

Restricted cash consists of security deposits and receipts from tenants for reserves. These funds will be released to the tenants upon completion of agreed upon tasks, as specified in the lease agreements, mainly consisting of maintenance and repairs on the buildings and upon receipt by us of evidence of insurance and tax payments.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

1. Organization, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

Gladstone Commercial Corporation is a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that was incorporated under the General Corporation Law of the State of Maryland on February 14, 2003. We focus on acquiring, owning and managing primarily office and industrial properties. On a selective basis, we may make long term industrial and office mortgage loans; however, we do not have any mortgage loans currently outstanding. Subject to certain restrictions and limitations, our business is managed by Gladstone Management Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the “Adviser”), and administrative services are provided by Gladstone Administration, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Administrator”), each pursuant to a contractual arrangement with us. Our Adviser and Administrator collectively employ all of our personnel and pay their salaries, benefits, and other general expenses directly. Gladstone Commercial Corporation conducts substantially all of its operations through a subsidiary, Gladstone Commercial Limited Partnership, a Delaware limited partnership (the “Operating Partnership”).

All references herein to “we,” “our,” “us” and the “Company” mean Gladstone Commercial Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries, except where it is made clear that the term means only Gladstone Commercial Corporation.

Interim Financial Information

Our interim financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-Q and in accordance with Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain disclosures accompanying annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP are omitted. The year-end balance sheet data presented herein was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. In the opinion of our management, all adjustments, consisting solely of normal recurring accruals, necessary for the fair statement of financial statements for the interim period, have been included. The interim financial statements and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018,2019, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on February 13, 2019.12, 2020. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for other interim periods or for the full fiscal year.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, including the impact of extraordinary events such as the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could materiallymay differ from those estimates.these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of our financial statements in accordance with GAAP, requires management to make judgments that are subjective in nature to make certain estimates and assumptions. Application of these accounting policies involves the exercise of judgment regarding the use of assumptions as to future uncertainties, and as a result, actual results could materially differ from these estimates. A summary of all of our significant accounting policies is provided in Note 1, “Organization, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies,” to our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.2019. On January 1, 2020, we completed the integration of the accounting records of certain of our triple net leased third-party asset managed properties into our accounting system and paid out of our operating bank accounts. For periods prior to January 1, 2020, we recorded property operating expenses and offsetting lease revenues for these certain triple net leased properties on a net basis. Beginning January 1, 2020, we are recording the property operating expenses and offsetting lease revenues for these triple net leased properties on a gross basis, as we have amended our process whereby we are paying operating expenses on behalf of our tenants and receiving reimbursement, whereas, previously these tenants were paying these expenses directly with limited insight provided to us. There were no other material changes to our critical accounting policies during the three months ended March 31, 2019.2020.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014,June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance regarding theAccounting Standards Update 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326)” (“ASU 2016-13”). The new standard requires more timely recognition of revenue from contracts with customers. Under this guidance, an entity will recognize revenue to depictcredit losses on loans and other financial instruments that are not accounted for at fair market value through net income. The standard also requires that financial assets measured at amortized cost be presented at the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expectsnet amounts anticipated to be entitled in exchangecollected, through an allowance for those goods or services. This guidance also requires improved disclosures regardingcredit losses that is deducted from the nature, amount, timingamortized cost basis. We are required to measure all expected credit losses based upon historical experience, current conditions, and uncertaintyreasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers.the financial assets. We adopted this guidance for our annual and interim periodsASU 2016-13 beginning January 1, 2018 and usedwith the modified retrospective method, under which the cumulative effect of initially applying the guidance is recognized at the date of initial application. Our adoption of this guidance didthree months ended March 31, 2020. Adopting ASU 2016-13 has not haveresulted in a material impact onto our consolidated financial statements. Further,statements, as discussed below, we adopted the new guidance regarding the principles for the recognition measurement, presentationdo not have any loans receivable outstanding, and disclosure of leases on January 1, 2019. The new revenue standard will apply to executory costs and other components of revenue due under leasesour receivables are generally incurred from leasing arrangements that are deemed to be non-lease components (examples include common area maintenance and provision of utilities), even when the revenue for such activities is not separately stipulated in the lease. Revenue from these non-lease components, which were previously recognized on a straight-line basis under previous lease guidance, are recognized under the new revenue guidance as the related services are delivered. As a result, while our total revenue recognized over the lease term would not differ under the new guidance, the revenue recognition pattern could be different. The new leasing guidance allows for an accounting election to account for each separate lease component and its associated nonlease components as a single lease component. As a lessor, we have made an accounting election to account for each separate lease component and its associated nonlease components as a single lease component. As a result of this election, our revenue recognition pattern for our leasing arrangements will be consistent with how we recognized lease revenue prior to our adoption of the new leasing standard.collected monthly.

In February 2016,March 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, “Leases: Amendments to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification”2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848)” (“ASU 2016-02”2020-04”). The new standard requires lesseesmain provisions of this update provide optional expedients and exceptions for contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference the London Inter-bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principlebe discontinued because of whether or not the leasereference rate reform. ASU 2020-04 is effectively a financed purchase of the leased asset by the lessee. This classification will determine whether lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight line basis over the term of the lease, respectively. A lessee is also required to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a termentities as of greater thanMarch 12, months regardless of their classification. Leases with a term of 12 months or less will be accounted for similar to existing guidance for operating leases today. The new standard requires lessors to account for leases using an approach that is substantially equivalent to existing guidance for sales-type leases, direct financing leases and operating leases.2020. We adopted ASU 2016-02, as amended, as of January 1, 2019, which2020-04 beginning with the three months ended March 31, 2020. Adopting ASU 2020-04 has not resulted in a material impact to our consolidated statements, as ASU 2020-04 allows for prospective application of any changes in the recording of additional right-of-use assets from operating leaseseffective interest rate for our LIBOR based debt, and operating lease liabilities of approximately $6.0 millionallows for the four operating ground lease arrangements with terms greater than one year for which we are the lessee. We adopted the modified retrospective method, where we recorded the cumulative effect of applying the guidance as of January 1, 2019. We also adopted the full suite of practical expedients provided under this guidance, whereby wethat will allow us to treat our derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges consistent with how they are not reassessing whether a contract is or contains a lease, the lease classification and the initial direct costs incurred upon onset of our leases. We have also elected to adopt the hindsight practical expedient whereby we can use hindsight to determine the lease term as of the date of implementation, and we adopted the land easements practical expedient where we do not have to assess whether existing or expired land easements contain a lease. We analyzed our operating ground leases on the date of implementation and identified any option periods we believed were appropriate to include in the lease term, and discounted the future lease payments using a discount rate equivalent to a treasury rate with a similar lease term plus a spread ranging from 2.50% to 2.60%. This spread was determined by reviewing market premiums over treasuries for fully securitized assets. Three of our ground leases have fixed rental charges, and one has variable charges that are driven by the consumer price index. Three of our ground leases have options to extend, and one ground lease has multiple early termination options. We will include option periods or exclude termination options in future lease payments for ground leases located in our target markets.currently accounted for.

2. Related-Party Transactions

We are externally managed pursuant to contractual arrangements with our Adviser and our Administrator, which collectively employ all of our personnel and pay their salaries, benefits, and other general expenses directly. Both our Adviser and Administrator are affiliates of ours, as their parent company is owned and controlled by Mr. David Gladstone, our chairman and chief executive officer. Two of our executive officers, Mr. Gladstone and Mr. Terry Lee Brubaker (our vice chairman and chief operating officer) serve as directors and executive officers of our Adviser and our Administrator. Our president, Mr. Robert Cutlip, is an executive managing director of our Adviser. Mr. Michael LiCalsi, our general counsel and secretary, also serves as our Administrator’s president, general counsel and secretary. We have entered into an advisory agreement with our Adviser, as amended from time to time (the “Advisory Agreement”), and an administration agreement with our Administrator (the “Administration Agreement”). The services and fees under the Advisory Agreement and Administration Agreement are described below. As of March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018, $2.62019, $3.2 million and $2.5$2.9 million, respectively, were collectively due to our Adviser and Administrator.

Under the Advisory Agreement, the calculation of the annual base management fee equals 1.5% of our Total Equity, which is our total stockholders’ equity plus total mezzanine equity (before giving effect to the base management fee and incentive fee), adjusted to exclude the effect of any unrealized gains or losses that do not affect realized net income (including impairment charges), adjusted for any one-time events and certain non-cash items (the later to occur for a given quarter only upon the approval of our Compensation Committee), and adjusted to include operating partnership units in the Operating Partnership (“OP UnitsUnits”) held by holders who do not control the Operating Partnership (“Non-controlling OP Unitholders.Unitholders”). The fee is calculated and accrued quarterly as 0.375% per quarter of such Total Equity figure. Our Adviser does not charge acquisition or disposition fees when we acquire or dispose of properties, as is common in other externally managed REITs; however, our Adviser may earn fee income from our borrowers, tenants or other sources.

For the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, we recorded a base management fee of $1.3$1.4 million and $1.3 million, respectively.

Incentive Fee

Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the calculation of the incentive fee rewards the Adviser in circumstances where our quarterly Core FFO (defined at the end of this paragraph), before giving effect to any incentive fee, or pre-incentive fee Core FFO, exceeds 2.0% quarterly, or 8.0% annualized, of adjusted total stockholders’ equity (after giving effect to the base management fee but before giving effect to the incentive fee). We refer to this as the hurdle rate. The Adviser will receive 15.0% of the amount of our pre-incentive fee Core FFO that exceeds the hurdle rate. However, in no event shall the incentive fee for a particular quarter exceed by 15.0% (the cap) the average quarterly incentive fee paid by us for the previous four quarters (excluding quarters for which no incentive fee was paid). Core FFO (as defined in the Advisory Agreement) is GAAP net income (loss) available to common stockholders, excluding the incentive fee, depreciation and amortization, any realized and unrealized gains, losses or other non-cash items recorded in net income (loss) available to common stockholders for the period, and one-time events pursuant to changes in GAAP.

For the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, we recorded an incentive fee of $0.9$1.1 million and $0.7$0.9 million, respectively. The Adviser did not waive any portion of the incentive fee for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 or 2018,2019, respectively.

Under the Advisory Agreement, we will pay to the Adviser a capital gains-basedgain-based incentive fee that will be calculated and payable in arrears as of the end of each fiscal year (or upon termination of the Advisory Agreement). In determining the capital gainsgain fee, we will calculate aggregate realized capital gains and aggregate realized capital losses for the applicable time period. For this purpose, aggregate realized capital gains and losses, if any, equals the realized gain or loss calculated by the difference between the sales price of the property, less any costs to sell the property and the current gross value of the property (equal to the property’s original acquisition price plus any subsequent non-reimbursed capital improvements) of the disposed property. At the end of the fiscal year, if this number is positive, then the capital gain fee payable for such time period shall equal 15.0% of such amount. No capital gain fee was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 20192020 or 2018.2019.

Termination Fee

The Advisory Agreement includes a termination fee whereby, in the event of our termination of the agreement without cause (with 120 days’ prior written notice and the vote of at least two-thirds of our independent directors), a termination fee would be payable to the Adviser equal to two times the sum of the average annual base management fee and incentive fee earned by the Adviser during the 24-month period prior to such termination. A termination fee is also payable if the Adviser terminates the Advisory Agreement after we have defaulted and applicable cure periods have expired. The Advisory Agreement may also be terminated for cause by us (with 30 days’ prior written notice and the vote of at least two-thirds of our independent directors), with no termination fee payable. Cause is defined in the agreement to include if the Adviser breaches any material provisions thereof, the bankruptcy or insolvency of the Adviser, dissolution of the Adviser and fraud or misappropriation of funds.

Administration Agreement

Under the terms of the Administration Agreement, we pay separately for our allocable portion of the Administrator’s overhead expenses in performing its obligations to us including, but not limited to, rent and our allocable portion of the salaries and benefits expenses of our Administrator’s employees, including, but not limited to, our chief financial officer, treasurer, chief compliance officer, general counsel and secretary (who also serves as our Administrator’s president, general counsel and secretary), and their respective staffs. Our allocable portion of the Administrator’s expenses are generally derived by multiplying our Administrator’s total expenses by the approximate percentage of time the Administrator’s employees perform services for us in relation to their time spent performing services for all companies serviced by our Administrator under contractual agreements. We believe this approach helps approximate fees paid by us to actual services performed by the Administrator for us. For the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, we recorded an administration fee of $0.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively.

Gladstone Securities, LLC (“Gladstone Securities”), is a privately held broker dealer registered with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority and insured by the Securities Investor Protection Corporation. Gladstone Securities is an affiliate of ours, as its parent company is owned and controlled by David Gladstone, our chairman and chief executive officer. Mr. Gladstone also serves on the board of managers of Gladstone Securities.

Mortgage Financing Arrangement Agreement

We entered into an agreement with Gladstone Securities, effective June 18, 2013, for it to act as our non-exclusive agent to assist us with arranging mortgage financing for properties we own (the “Financing Arrangement Agreement”). In connection with this engagement, Gladstone Securities will, from time to time, continue to solicit the interest of various commercial real estate lenders or recommend to us third party lenders offering credit products or packages that are responsive to our needs. We pay Gladstone Securities a financing fee in connection with the services it provides to us for securing mortgage financing on any of our properties. The amount of these financing fees, which are payable upon closing of the financing, are based on a percentage of the amount of the mortgage, generally ranging from 0.15% to a maximum of 1.0% of the mortgage obtained. The amount of the financing fees may be reduced or eliminated, as determined by us and Gladstone Securities, after taking into consideration various factors, including, but not limited to, the involvement of any third partythird-party brokers and market conditions. We paid financing fees to Gladstone Securities of $0.02$0.09 million and $0.02 million during the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively, which are included in mortgage notes payable, net, in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, or 0.15%0.25% and 0.25%0.15%, respectively, of the mortgage principal secured and/or extended. Our Board of Directors renewed the Financing Arrangement Agreement for an additional year, through August 31, 2019,2020, at its July 20182019 meeting.

3. (Loss) Earnings Per Share of Common Stock

The following tables set forth the computation of basic and diluted (loss) earnings per share of common stock for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018.2019. The OP Units held by Non-controlling OP Unitholders (which may be redeemed for shares of common stock) have been excluded from the diluted (loss) earnings per share calculations, as there would be no effect on the amounts since the Non-controlling OP Unitholders’ share of (loss) income would also be added back to net (loss) income. Net (loss) income figures are presented net of such non-controlling interests in the (loss) earnings per share calculation.

We computed basic (loss) earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019 using the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the respective periods. Diluted (loss) earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019 reflects additional shares of common stock related to our convertible senior common stock (the “Senior Common Stock”), if the effect would be dilutive, that would have been outstanding if dilutive potential shares of common stock had been issued, as well as an adjustment to net (loss) income (attributable) available to common stockholders as applicable to common stockholders that would result from their assumed issuance (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts).

 

4. Real Estate and Intangible Assets

Real Estate

The following table sets forth the components of our investments in real estate as of March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018,2019, excluding real estate held for sale as of December 31, 20182019 (dollars in thousands):

 

Real estate depreciation expense on building and tenant improvements was $8.0$9.0 million and $7.3$8.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively.

 

We acquired five properties during the three months ended March 31, 2020, and two properties during the three months ended March 31, 2019, and one property during the three months ended March 31, 2018.2019. The acquisitions are summarized below (dollars in thousands):

We determined the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed related to the properties acquired during the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019 as follows (dollars in thousands):

Significant Real Estate Activity on Existing Assets

During the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, we executed twothree and one newtwo leases, respectively, which are summarized below (dollars in thousands):

Future Lease Payments

Future operating lease payments from tenants under non-cancelable leases, excluding tenant reimbursement of expenses, for the nine months ending December 31, 20192020 and each of the five succeeding fiscal years and thereafter is as follows (dollars in thousands):

We account for all of our real estate leasing arrangements as operating leases. A majority of our leases are subject to fixed rental increases, but a small subset of our lease portfolio has variable lease payments that are driven by the consumer price index. Many of our tenants have renewal options in their respective leases, but we seldom include option periods in the determination of lease term, as we generally will not enter into leasing arrangements with bargain renewal options. A small number of tenants have termination options.

Future minimum lease payments from tenants under non-cancelable leases, excluding tenant reimbursement of expenses and excluding real estate held for sale as of December 31, 2018,2019, for each of the five succeeding fiscal years and thereafter, is as follows (dollars in thousands):

 

 

Intangible Assets

The following table summarizes the carrying value of intangible assets, liabilities and the accumulated amortization for each intangible asset and liability class as of March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018,2019, excluding real estate held for sale as of December 31, 20182019 (dollars in thousands):

Total amortization expense related to in-place leases, leasing costs and customer relationship lease intangible assets was $5.0$5.1 million and $4.2$5.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively, and is included in depreciation and amortization expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

Total amortization related to above-market lease values was $0.3$0.2 million and $0.2$0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively, and is included in lease revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Total amortization related to below-market lease values was $0.6$0.7 million and $0.5$0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively, and is included in lease revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

The weighted average amortization periods in years for the intangible assets acquired during the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019 were as follows:

 

5. Real Estate Dispositions, Held for Sale and Impairment Charges

Real Estate Dispositions

During the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020, we continued to execute our capital recycling program, whereby we sell properties outside of our core markets and redeploy proceeds to either fund property acquisitions in our target secondary growth markets, or repay outstanding debt. We expect to continue to execute our capital recycling plan and sell non-core properties as reasonable disposition opportunities become available. During the three months ended March 31, 2019,On February 20, 2020, we sold one non-core property, located in Maitland, Florida,Charlotte, North Carolina, which is detailed in the table below (dollars in thousands):

Our disposition during the three months ended March 31, 20192020 was not classified as a discontinued operation because it did not represent a strategic shift in operations, nor will it have a major effect on our operations and financial results. Accordingly, the operating results of this property is included within continuing operations for all periods reported.

The table below summarizes the components of operating income from the real estate and related assets disposed of during the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020, and 20182019 (dollars in thousands):

Real Estate Held for Sale

AtAs of March 31, 2019,2020, we did not have any properties classified as held for sale. At December 31, 2018,2019, we had one property classified as held for sale, located in Maitland, Florida.Charlotte, North Carolina. This property was sold during the three months ended March 31, 2019.2020.

The table below summarizes the components of the assets and liabilities held for sale reflected on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets (dollars in thousands):

 

Impairment Charges

We evaluated our portfolio for triggering events to determine if any of our held and used assets were impaired during the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and did not identify any held and used assets which were impaired. We also did not recognize an impairment charge during the three months ended March 31, 2019.

We continue to evaluate our properties on a quarterly basis for changes that could create the need to record impairment. Future impairment losses may result, and could be significant, should market conditions deteriorate in the markets in which we hold our assets or should we arebe unable to secure leases at terms that are favorable to us, which could impact the estimated cash flow of our properties over the period in which we plan to hold our properties. Additionally, changes in management’s decisions to either own and lease long-term or sell a particular asset will have an impact on this analysis.

6. Mortgage Notes Payable and Credit Facility

Our mortgage notes payable and Credit Facility as of March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 20182019 are summarized below (dollars in thousands):

 

N/A - Not Applicable

Mortgage Notes Payable

As of March 31, 2019,2020, we had 4858 mortgage notes payable, collateralized by a total of 6874 properties with a net book value of $647.0$730.5 million. We have limited recourse liabilities that could result from any one or more of the following circumstances: a borrower voluntarily filing for bankruptcy, improper conveyance of a property, fraud or material misrepresentation, misapplication or misappropriation of rents, security deposits, insurance proceeds or condemnation proceeds, or physical waste or damage to the property resulting from a borrower’s gross negligence or willful misconduct. We have full recourse for $10.2$4.8 million of the mortgages notes payable, net, or 2.3%1.0% of the outstanding balance. We will also indemnify lenders against claims resulting from the presence of hazardous substances or activity involving hazardous substances in violation of environmental laws on a property. 

During the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020, we partially repaid one mortgageissued four mortgages, collateralized by three properties, releasing one of the collateralizedfour properties, which was sold on January 31, 2019, which is summarized below (dollars in thousands):

We made payments of $0.3$0.4 million and $0.2$0.3 million for deferred financing costs during the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively.

Scheduled principal payments of mortgage notes payable for the nine months ending December 31, 2019,2020, and each of the five succeeding fiscal years and thereafter are as follows (dollars in thousands):

 

We believe we will be able to address all mortgage notes payable maturing over the next 12 months through a combination of refinancing our existing indebtedness, cash from operations, proceeds from one or more equity offerings and availability on our Credit Facility.

We have entered into interest rate cap agreements that cap the interest rate on certain of our variable-rate debt and we have assumed or entered into interest rate swap agreements in which we hedged our exposure to variable interest rates by agreeing to pay fixed interest rates to our respective counterparty. We have adopted the fair value measurement provisions for our financial instruments recorded at fair value. The fair value guidance establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. Generally, we will estimate the fair value of our interest rate caps and interest rate swaps, in the absence of observable market data, using estimates of value including estimated remaining life, counterparty credit risk, current market yield and interest rate spreads of similar securities as of the measurement date. At March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018,2019, our interest rate cap agreements and interest rate swapswaps were valued using Level 2 inputs.

The fair value of the interest rate cap agreements is recorded in other assets on our accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. We record changes in the fair value of the interest rate cap agreements quarterly based on the current market valuations at quarter end. If the interest rate cap qualifies for hedge accounting, the change in the estimated fair value is recorded to accumulated other comprehensive income to the extent that it is effective, with any ineffective portion recorded to interest expense in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. If the interest rate cap does not qualify for hedge accounting, or if it is determined the hedge is ineffective, any change in the fair value is recognized in interest expense in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. The following table summarizes the interest rate caps at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 20182019 (dollars in thousands):

 

We have assumed or entered into interest rate swap agreements in connection with certain of our acquisitions or mortgage financings, whereby we will pay our counterparty a fixed rate interest rate on a monthly basis, and receive payments from our counterparty equivalent to the stipulated floating rate. The fair valuevalues of our interest rate swap agreements are recorded in other assets or other liabilities on our accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. We have designated our interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges, and we record changes in the fair value of the interest rate swap agreement to accumulated other comprehensive income on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. We record changes in fair value on a quarterly basis, using current market valuations at quarter end. The following table summarizes our interest rate swaps at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 20182019 (dollars in thousands):

The following tables present the impact of our derivative instruments in the condensed consolidated financial statements (dollars in thousands):

The following table sets forth certain information regarding our derivative instruments (dollars in thousands):

The fair value of all mortgage notes payable outstanding as of March 31, 20192020 was $450.4$501.9 million, as compared to the carrying value stated above of $449.7$490.6 million. The fair value is calculated based on a discounted cash flow analysis, using management’s estimate of market interest rates on long-term debt with comparable terms and loan to value ratios. The fair value was calculated using Level 3 inputs of the hierarchy established by ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.”

Credit Facility

On August 7, 2013, we procured our senior unsecured revolving credit facility (“Revolver”) with KeyBank National Association (“KeyBank”) (serving as revolving lender, a letter of credit issuer and an administrative agent). In October 2015, we expanded our Revolver to $85.0 million and entered into a term loan facility (“Term Loan”) whereby we added a $25.0 million, five-year Term Loan subject to the same leverage tiers as the Revolver, with the interest rate at each leverage tier being five basis points lower than that of the Revolver. We have the option to repay the Term Loan in full, or in part, at any time without penalty or premium prior to the maturity date. We refer to the Revolver and Term Loan collectively herein as the Credit Facility. On October 27, 2017,July 2, 2019, we amended, thisextended and upsized our Credit Facility, increasingexpanding the Term Loan from $25.0$75.0 million to $75.0$160.0 million, withand increasing the Revolver commitment remaining atfrom $85.0 million to $100.0 million. The Term Loan has a new five-year term, with a maturity date of October 27, 2022,July 2, 2024, and the Revolver has a new four-year term, with a maturity date of October 27, 2021.July 2, 2023. The interest rate for the Credit Facility was reduced by 2510 basis points at each of the leverage tiers. We entered into multiple interest rate cap agreements on the amended Term Loan, which cap LIBOR atranging from 2.50% to 2.75% in order, to hedge our exposure to variable interest rates. We used the net proceeds ofderived from the amended Credit Facility to repay all previously existing borrowings under the Revolver. We incurred fees of approximately $0.9$1.3 million in connection with the Credit Facility amendment. The bank syndicate is now comprised of KeyBank, Fifth Third Bank, USU.S. Bank National Association, and The Huntington National Bank.Bank, Goldman Sachs Bank USA, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association.

As of March 31, 2019,2020, there was $107.8$181.6 million outstanding under our Credit Facility, at a weighted average interest rate of approximately 4.21%2.60%, and $7.4$12.6 million outstanding under letters of credit, at a weighted average interest rate of 1.75%1.65%. As of March 31, 2019,2020, the maximum additional amount we could draw under the RevolverCredit Facility was $39.5$17.2 million. We were in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Facility as of March 31, 2019.

The amount outstanding under the Credit Facility approximates fair value as of March 31, 2019.2020.

7. Commitments and Contingencies

Ground Leases

We are obligated as lessee under four ground leases. Future lease payments due under the terms of these leases as of March 31, 20192020 are as follows (dollars in thousands):

Rental expense incurred for properties with ground lease obligations during the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019 was $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively. Our ground leases are treated as operating leases and rental expenses are reflected in property operating expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

As of March 31, 2019,2020, there was $7.4$12.6 million outstanding under letters of credit. These letters of credit are not reflected on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

8. Equity and Mezzanine Equity

The following table summarizes the changes in our equity for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019 (in thousands):

 

Distributions

We paid the following distributions per share for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018:2019:

 

Recent Activity

During the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020, we sold 0.71.3 million shares of common stock, raising $14.1$27.9 million in net proceeds under our open market sales agreementAt-the-Market Equity Offering Sales Agreements (the “Common Stock Sales Agreement”), with Cantor FitzgeraldRobert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated (“Baird”), Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (“Goldman Sachs”), Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated (“Stifel”), BTIG, LLC, and Fifth Third Securities, Inc. (“Fifth Third”) (collectively, the “Common Stock Sales Agents”), pursuant to which we may sell shares of our common stock in an aggregate offering price of up to $250.0 million (the “Common Stock ATM Program”). As of March 31, 2019,2020, we had remaining capacity to sell up to $55.6$209.2 million of common stock under the Common Stock ATM Program.

Our 7.00% Series D Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series D Preferred”Preferred Stock”) isand 6.625% Series E Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series E Preferred Stock”) are classified as mezzanine equity on our condensed consolidated balance sheets because it isboth are redeemable at the option of the shareholder upon a change of control of greater than 50% in accordance with ASC 480-10-S99 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity,” which requires mezzanine equity classification for preferred stock issuances with redemption features which are outside of the control of the issuer. A change in control of our company, outside of our control, is only possible if a tender offer is accepted by over 90% of our shareholders. All other change in control situations would require input from our Board of Directors. In addition, our Series E Preferred Stock is redeemable at the option of the shareholder in the event a delisting event occurs. We will periodically evaluate the likelihood that a delisting event or change of control of greater than 50% will take place, and if we deem this probable, we would adjust the Series D Preferred Stock and Series E Preferred Stock presented in mezzanine equity to their redemption value, with the offset to gain (loss) on extinguishment. We currently believe the likelihood of a change of control greater than 50%, or a delisting event, is remote.

Under a third open market sales agreement with Cantor FitzgeraldWe have an At-the-Market Equity Offering Sales Agreement (the “Series DE Preferred ATM Program”Stock Sales Agreement”) with Baird, Goldman Sachs, Stifel, Fifth Third, and U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc. (the “Series E Preferred Stock Sales Agents”), pursuant to which we may, from time to time, offer to sell shares of our Series DE Preferred havingStock in an aggregate offering price of up to $50.0 million, through Cantor Fitzgerald, acting as sales agent and/or principal. During$100.0 million. We did not sell any of our Series E Preferred Stock pursuant to the Series E Preferred Stock Sales Agreement during the three months ended March 31, 2019, we did2020. We do not sell any shares ofhave an active At-the-Market program for our Series D Preferred under our Series D Preferred ATM Program. As of March 31, 2019, we had remaining capacity to sell up to $18.6 million of Series D Preferred under the Series D Preferred ATM Program.

On January 11, 2019, we filed a universal registration statement on Form S-3, File No. 333-229209, and an amendment thereto on Form-S-3/Form S-3/A on January 24, 2019 (collectively referred to as the “Universal“2019 Universal Shelf”). The 2019 Universal Shelf became effective on February 13, 2019 and replacesreplaced our prior universal shelf registration statement. The 2019 Universal Shelf allows us to issue up to $500.0 million of securities. As of March 31, 2019,2020, we had the ability to issue up to $489.2$409.7 million under the 2019 Universal Shelf.

9. Subsequent Events

Distributions

On April 9, 2019,14, 2020, our Board of Directors declared the following monthly distributions for the months of April, May and June of 2019:2020: