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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_________________________________________________________ 
Form 10-Q
_________________________________________________________ 
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 20222023
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                     to                     
Commission file number 001-32373
_________________________________________________________ 
10q new logo.jpg
LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP.
(Exact name of registration as specified in its charter)
_________________________________________________________ 
Nevada27-0099920
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
3883 Howard Hughes Parkway, Suite 5505500 Haven Street
Las Vegas,Nevada8916989119
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
(702) 923-9000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock ($0.001 par value)LVSNew York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes      No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes      No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated FilerAccelerated Filer
Non-accelerated FilerSmaller Reporting Company
Emerging Growth Company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the Registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Class  Outstanding at April 26, 202219, 2023
Common Stock ($0.001 par value)  764,109,163764,271,386 shares


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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
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PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1 — FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
March 31,
2022
December 31,
2021
March 31,
2023
December 31,
2022
(In millions, except par value)
(Unaudited)
(In millions, except par value)
(Unaudited)
ASSETSASSETSASSETS
Current assets:Current assets:Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalentsCash and cash equivalents$6,430 $1,854 Cash and cash equivalents$6,532 $6,311 
Restricted cash and cash equivalents16 16 
Accounts receivable, net of provision for credit losses of $234 and $232147 202 
Accounts receivable, net of provision for credit losses of $209 and $217Accounts receivable, net of provision for credit losses of $209 and $217328 267 
InventoriesInventories23 22 Inventories28 28 
Prepaid expenses and otherPrepaid expenses and other109 113 Prepaid expenses and other127 138 
Current assets of discontinued operations held for sale— 3,303 
Total current assetsTotal current assets6,725 5,510 Total current assets7,015 6,744 
Loan receivableLoan receivable1,200 — Loan receivable1,172 1,165 
Property and equipment, netProperty and equipment, net11,709 11,850 Property and equipment, net11,332 11,451 
Restricted cashRestricted cash124 125 
Deferred income taxes, netDeferred income taxes, net186 297 Deferred income taxes, net135 131 
Leasehold interests in land, netLeasehold interests in land, net2,152 2,166 Leasehold interests in land, net2,132 2,128 
Intangible assets, netIntangible assets, net19 19 Intangible assets, net545 64 
Other assets, netOther assets, net256 217 Other assets, net260 231 
Total assetsTotal assets$22,247 $20,059 Total assets$22,715 $22,039 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITYLIABILITIES AND EQUITYLIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:Current liabilities:Current liabilities:
Accounts payableAccounts payable$69 $77 Accounts payable$108 $89 
Construction payablesConstruction payables245 227 Construction payables182 189 
Other accrued liabilitiesOther accrued liabilities1,091 1,334 Other accrued liabilities1,440 1,458 
Income taxes payableIncome taxes payable662 32 Income taxes payable171 135 
Current maturities of long-term debtCurrent maturities of long-term debt72 74 Current maturities of long-term debt2,018 2,031 
Current liabilities of discontinued operations held for sale— 821 
Total current liabilitiesTotal current liabilities2,139 2,565 Total current liabilities3,919 3,902 
Other long-term liabilitiesOther long-term liabilities362 352 Other long-term liabilities850 382 
Deferred income taxesDeferred income taxes164 173 Deferred income taxes146 152 
Long-term debtLong-term debt14,905 14,721 Long-term debt13,971 13,947 
Total liabilitiesTotal liabilities17,570 17,811 Total liabilities18,886 18,383 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)00
Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)
Equity:Equity:Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 50 shares authorized, zero shares issued and outstandingPreferred stock, $0.001 par value, 50 shares authorized, zero shares issued and outstanding— — Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 50 shares authorized, zero shares issued and outstanding— — 
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 1,000 shares authorized, 833 shares issued, 764 shares outstandingCommon stock, $0.001 par value, 1,000 shares authorized, 833 shares issued, 764 shares outstandingCommon stock, $0.001 par value, 1,000 shares authorized, 833 shares issued, 764 shares outstanding
Treasury stock, at cost, 69 sharesTreasury stock, at cost, 69 shares(4,481)(4,481)Treasury stock, at cost, 69 shares(4,481)(4,481)
Capital in excess of par valueCapital in excess of par value6,656 6,646 Capital in excess of par value6,694 6,684 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(29)(22)
Retained earnings (deficit)2,382 (148)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)11 (7)
Retained earningsRetained earnings1,831 1,684 
Total Las Vegas Sands Corp. stockholders’ equityTotal Las Vegas Sands Corp. stockholders’ equity4,529 1,996 Total Las Vegas Sands Corp. stockholders’ equity4,056 3,881 
Noncontrolling interestsNoncontrolling interests148 252 Noncontrolling interests(227)(225)
Total equityTotal equity4,677 2,248 Total equity3,829 3,656 
Total liabilities and equityTotal liabilities and equity$22,247 $20,059 Total liabilities and equity$22,715 $22,039 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2022202120232022
(In millions, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
(In millions, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
Revenues:Revenues:Revenues:
CasinoCasino$627 $865 Casino$1,541 $627 
RoomsRooms95 96 Rooms243 95 
Food and beverageFood and beverage53 56 Food and beverage124 53 
MallMall149 156 Mall162 149 
Convention, retail and otherConvention, retail and other19 23 Convention, retail and other50 19 
Net revenuesNet revenues943 1,196 Net revenues2,120 943 
Operating expenses:Operating expenses:Operating expenses:
CasinoCasino468 578 Casino874 468 
RoomsRooms43 42 Rooms56 43 
Food and beverageFood and beverage65 71 Food and beverage104 65 
MallMall18 15 Mall21 18 
Convention, retail and otherConvention, retail and other22 22 Convention, retail and other39 22 
Provision for credit losses
Provision for (recovery of) credit lossesProvision for (recovery of) credit losses(6)
General and administrativeGeneral and administrative218 225 General and administrative251 218 
CorporateCorporate59 49 Corporate57 59 
Pre-openingPre-openingPre-opening
DevelopmentDevelopment60 Development42 60 
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization264 255 Depreciation and amortization274 264 
Amortization of leasehold interests in landAmortization of leasehold interests in land14 14 Amortization of leasehold interests in land14 14 
Loss on disposal or impairment of assetsLoss on disposal or impairment of assetsLoss on disposal or impairment of assets14 
1,245 1,292 1,742 1,245 
Operating loss(302)(96)
Operating income (loss)Operating income (loss)378 (302)
Other income (expense):Other income (expense):Other income (expense):
Interest incomeInterest incomeInterest income70 
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalizedInterest expense, net of amounts capitalized(156)(154)Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(218)(156)
Other expenseOther expense(22)(17)Other expense(35)(22)
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes(476)(266)
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxesIncome (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes195 (476)
Income tax expenseIncome tax expense(2)(14)Income tax expense(50)(2)
Net loss from continuing operations(478)(280)
Net income (loss) from continuing operationsNet income (loss) from continuing operations145 (478)
Discontinued operations:Discontinued operations:Discontinued operations:
Income (loss) from operations of discontinued operations, net of tax46 (62)
Income from operations of discontinued operations, net of taxIncome from operations of discontinued operations, net of tax— 46 
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of taxGain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of tax2,861 — Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of tax— 2,861 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax2,907 (62)
Net income (loss)2,429 (342)
Income from discontinued operations, net of taxIncome from discontinued operations, net of tax— 2,907 
Net incomeNet income145 2,429 
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests from continuing operationsNet loss attributable to noncontrolling interests from continuing operations101 64 Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests from continuing operations101 
Net income (loss) attributable to Las Vegas Sands Corp.$2,530 $(278)
Net income attributable to Las Vegas Sands Corp.Net income attributable to Las Vegas Sands Corp.$147 $2,530 
Earnings (loss) per share - basic:Earnings (loss) per share - basic:Earnings (loss) per share - basic:
Loss from continuing operations$(0.49)$(0.28)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes3.80 (0.08)
Net income (loss) attributable to Las Vegas Sands Corp.$3.31 $(0.36)
Income (loss) from continuing operationsIncome (loss) from continuing operations$0.19 $(0.49)
Income from discontinued operations, net of taxIncome from discontinued operations, net of tax— 3.80 
Net income attributable to Las Vegas Sands Corp.Net income attributable to Las Vegas Sands Corp.$0.19 $3.31 
Earnings (loss) per share - diluted:Earnings (loss) per share - diluted:Earnings (loss) per share - diluted:
Loss from continuing operations$(0.49)$(0.28)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes3.80 (0.08)
Net income (loss) attributable to Las Vegas Sands Corp.$3.31 $(0.36)
Income (loss) from continuing operationsIncome (loss) from continuing operations$0.19 $(0.49)
Income from discontinued operations, net of taxIncome from discontinued operations, net of tax— 3.80 
Net income attributable to Las Vegas Sands Corp.Net income attributable to Las Vegas Sands Corp.$0.19 $3.31 
Weighted average shares outstanding:Weighted average shares outstanding:Weighted average shares outstanding:
BasicBasic764 764 Basic764 764 
DilutedDiluted764 764 Diluted766 764 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2022202120232022
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
Net income (loss)$2,429 $(342)
Net incomeNet income$145 $2,429 
Currency translation adjustmentCurrency translation adjustment(4)(42)Currency translation adjustment23 (4)
Cash flow hedge fair value adjustmentCash flow hedge fair value adjustment(6)— Cash flow hedge fair value adjustment(5)(6)
Total comprehensive income (loss)2,419 (384)
Total comprehensive incomeTotal comprehensive income163 2,419 
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interestsComprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests104 66 Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests104 
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Las Vegas Sands Corp.$2,523 $(318)
Comprehensive income attributable to Las Vegas Sands Corp.Comprehensive income attributable to Las Vegas Sands Corp.$165 $2,523 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
Las Vegas Sands Corp. Stockholders’ Equity  Las Vegas Sands Corp. Stockholders’ Equity  
Common
Stock
Treasury
Stock
Capital in
Excess of
Par Value
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Retained
Earnings (Deficit)
Noncontrolling
Interests
TotalCommon
Stock
Treasury
Stock
Capital in
Excess of
Par Value
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Retained
Earnings (Deficit)
Noncontrolling
Interests
Total
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
Balance at January 1, 2021$$(4,481)$6,611 $29 $813 $565 $3,538 
Net loss— — — — (278)(64)(342)
Currency translation adjustment— — — (40)— (2)(42)
Exercise of stock options— — 15 — — 19 
Stock-based compensation— — — — 
Balance at March 31, 2021$$(4,481)$6,629 $(11)$535 $504 $3,177 
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
Balance at January 1, 2022Balance at January 1, 2022$$(4,481)$6,646 $(22)$(148)$252 $2,248 Balance at January 1, 2022$$(4,481)$6,646 $(22)$(148)$252 $2,248 
Net income (loss)Net income (loss)— — — — 2,530 (101)2,429 Net income (loss)— — — — 2,530 (101)2,429 
Currency translation adjustmentCurrency translation adjustment— — — (3)— (1)(4)Currency translation adjustment— — — (3)— (1)(4)
Cash flow hedge fair value adjustmentCash flow hedge fair value adjustment— — — (4)— (2)(6)Cash flow hedge fair value adjustment— — — (4)— (2)(6)
Stock-based compensationStock-based compensation— — 10 — — — 10 Stock-based compensation— — 10 — — — 10 
Balance at March 31, 2022Balance at March 31, 2022$$(4,481)$6,656 $(29)$2,382 $148 $4,677 Balance at March 31, 2022$$(4,481)$6,656 $(29)$2,382 $148 $4,677 
Balance at January 1, 2023Balance at January 1, 2023$$(4,481)$6,684 $(7)$1,684 $(225)$3,656 
Net income (loss)Net income (loss)— — — — 147 (2)145 
Currency translation adjustmentCurrency translation adjustment— — — 22 — 23 
Cash flow hedge fair value adjustmentCash flow hedge fair value adjustment— — — (4)— (1)(5)
Stock-based compensationStock-based compensation— — 11 — — — 11 
Tax withholding on vesting of equity awardsTax withholding on vesting of equity awards— — (1)— — — (1)
Balance at March 31, 2023Balance at March 31, 2023$$(4,481)$6,694 $11 $1,831 $(227)$3,829 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2022202120232022
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
Cash flows from operating activities from continuing operations:Cash flows from operating activities from continuing operations:Cash flows from operating activities from continuing operations:
Net loss from continuing operations$(478)$(280)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Net income (loss) from continuing operationsNet income (loss) from continuing operations$145 $(478)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash generated from (used in) operating activities:Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash generated from (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization264 255 Depreciation and amortization274 264 
Amortization of leasehold interests in landAmortization of leasehold interests in land14 14 Amortization of leasehold interests in land14 14 
Amortization of deferred financing costs and original issue discountAmortization of deferred financing costs and original issue discount14 12 Amortization of deferred financing costs and original issue discount15 14 
Change in fair value of derivative asset/liabilityChange in fair value of derivative asset/liability— Change in fair value of derivative asset/liability(2)
Paid-in-kind interest incomePaid-in-kind interest income(7)— 
(Gain) loss on disposal or impairment of assets(3)
Loss on disposal or impairment of assetsLoss on disposal or impairment of assets
Stock-based compensation expenseStock-based compensation expense10 Stock-based compensation expense11 10 
Provision for credit losses
Provision for (recovery of) credit lossesProvision for (recovery of) credit losses(6)
Foreign exchange lossForeign exchange loss22 16 Foreign exchange loss37 22 
Deferred income taxesDeferred income taxes(31)(16)Deferred income taxes(10)(31)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:Changes in operating assets and liabilities:Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivableAccounts receivable50 40 Accounts receivable(53)50 
Other assetsOther assets(11)Other assets
Accounts payableAccounts payable(8)(19)Accounts payable18 (8)
Other liabilitiesOther liabilities(375)(204)Other liabilities(7)(375)
Net cash used in operating activities from continuing operations(500)(188)
Net cash generated from (used in) operating activities from continuing operationsNet cash generated from (used in) operating activities from continuing operations441 (500)
Cash flows from investing activities from continuing operations:Cash flows from investing activities from continuing operations:Cash flows from investing activities from continuing operations:
Capital expendituresCapital expenditures(137)(291)Capital expenditures(166)(137)
Proceeds from disposal of property and equipmentProceeds from disposal of property and equipmentProceeds from disposal of property and equipment— 
Acquisition of intangible assets and otherAcquisition of intangible assets and other(12)— Acquisition of intangible assets and other(16)(12)
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operationsNet cash used in investing activities from continuing operations(146)(288)Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations(182)(146)
Cash flows from financing activities from continuing operations:Cash flows from financing activities from continuing operations:Cash flows from financing activities from continuing operations:
Proceeds from exercise of stock options— 19 
Tax withholding on vesting of equity awardsTax withholding on vesting of equity awards(1)— 
Proceeds from long-term debt (Note 4)201 505 
Repayments of long-term debt (Note 4)(17)(18)
Proceeds from long-term debtProceeds from long-term debt— 201 
Repayments of long-term debtRepayments of long-term debt(17)(17)
Payments of financing costsPayments of financing costs(9)(8)Payments of financing costs(1)(9)
OtherOther(17)— 
Transactions with discontinued operationsTransactions with discontinued operations4,998 (18)Transactions with discontinued operations— 4,998 
Net cash generated from financing activities from continuing operations5,173 480 
Net cash generated from (used in) financing activities from continuing operationsNet cash generated from (used in) financing activities from continuing operations(36)5,173 
Cash flows from discontinued operations:Cash flows from discontinued operations:Cash flows from discontinued operations:
Net cash generated from (used in) operating activities140 (5)
Net cash generated from (used in) investing activities4,858 (17)
Net cash provided (to) by continuing operations and (used in) financing activities(4,998)18 
Net cash used in discontinued operations— (4)
Effect of exchange rate on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(6)(12)
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash4,521 (12)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period1,925 2,137 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period6,446 2,125 
Less: cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period for discontinued operations— (35)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period for continuing operations$6,446 $2,090 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information from continuing operations:
Net cash generated from operating activitiesNet cash generated from operating activities— 140 
Net cash generated from investing activitiesNet cash generated from investing activities— 4,858 
Net cash used in financing activitiesNet cash used in financing activities— (4,998)
Net cash provided to (used in) discontinued operationsNet cash provided to (used in) discontinued operations— — 
Effect of exchange rate on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalentsEffect of exchange rate on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents(3)(6)
Increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalentsIncrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents220 4,521 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of periodCash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period6,436 1,925 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of periodCash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period6,656 6,446 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period for continuing operationsCash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period for continuing operations$6,656 $6,446 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow informationSupplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Cash payments for interest, net of amounts capitalizedCash payments for interest, net of amounts capitalized$226 $240 Cash payments for interest, net of amounts capitalized$296 $226 
Cash payments for taxes, net of refundsCash payments for taxes, net of refunds$10 $75 Cash payments for taxes, net of refunds$25 $10 
Change in construction payablesChange in construction payables$18 $(119)Change in construction payables$(7)$18 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Note 1 — Organization and Business of Company
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Las Vegas Sands Corp. (“LVSC”), a Nevada corporation, and its subsidiaries (collectively the “Company”) for the year ended December 31, 2021,2022, and have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations; however, the Company believes the disclosures herein are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. In the opinion of management, all adjustments and normal recurring accruals considered necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim period have been included. The interim results reflected in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are not necessarily indicative of expected results for the full year.
COVID-19 Pandemic Update
In early January 2020, an outbreak of a respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) was identified and the disease spread rapidly across the world causing the World Health Organization to declare the outbreak of a pandemic on March 12, 2020 (the “COVID-19 Pandemic”). Governments around the world mandated actions to contain the spread of the virus that included stay-at-home orders, quarantines, capacity limits, closures of non-essential businesses, including entertainment activities, and significant restrictions on travel. The government actions varied based upon a number of factors, including the extent and severity of the COVID-19 Pandemic within their respective countries and jurisdictions.Operations
Macao
Visitation toFrom 2020 through the Macao Special Administrative Region (“Macao”)beginning of 2023, the People’s Republic of China (“China”) has remained substantially below pre-COVID-19 levels as a result of various government policies limiting or discouraging travel. During February 2022, vaccination requirements for arrivals from certain destinations were tightened. As of the date of this report, other than people from mainland China who in general may enter Macao without quarantine subject to them holding the appropriate travel documents, a negative COVID-19 test result issued within a specified time period and a green health-code, there remains in place a complete ban on entry or a need to undergo various quarantine requirements depending on the person’s residency and recent travel history. The Company’s operations in Macao will continue to bewere negatively impacted and subject to changesby the reduction in the government policies of Macao, China, Hong Kong and other jurisdictions in Asia addressing travel and public health measures associated with COVID-19.tourism related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Macao government's policy regarding the management of COVID-19 and general travel restrictions was relaxed in late December 2022 and early January 2023. Since then, visitation to the Company’s Macao Integrated Resorts and operations have improved.
Various health safeguards implemented by theThe Macao government remainannounced total visitation from mainland China to Macao increased approximately 59.5% and decreased approximately 60.6%, during the two months ended February 28, 2023 (the latest statistics currently available), as compared to the same period in place, including mandatory mask protection, limitation on the number of seats per table game, slot machine spacing2022 and temperature checks. Management is currently unable to determine when the remaining measures will be eased or cease to be necessary.
As of the date of this report, most businesses are allowed to remain open, subject to social distancing and health code checking requirements as designated by the Macao government. In January 2022, the2019 (pre-pandemic), respectively. The Macao government commenced the roll out of a non-mandatory contact tracing QR code function at a range of businesses including government buildings, restaurants, hotelsalso announced gross gaming revenue increased approximately 94.9% and other public venues.
As with prior periods, in support of the Macao government’s initiatives to fight the COVID-19 Pandemic, the Company provided one tower at the Sheraton Grand Macao to the Macao government to house individuals who returned to Macao for quarantine purposes at various times.
The Company’s Macao gaming operations remained opendecreased approximately 54.5%, during the three months ended March 31, 2022. Guest2023, as compared to the same period in 2022 and 2019, respectively.
Singapore
From 2020 through early 2022, the Company’s operations in Singapore were negatively impacted by the reduction in travel and tourism related to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the Vaccinated Travel Framework (“VTF”), launched in April 2022, facilitated the resumption of travel for all travelers, including short-term visitors, which has had and continues to have a positive impact on operations at Marina Bay Sands.
Visitation to Marina Bay Sands continues to improve since the travel restrictions have been lifted. The Singapore Tourism Board (“STB”) announced total visitation to the properties, however, has been adversely affected duringSingapore increased from approximately 246,000 in 2022 to 2.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 due2023, while visitation decreased 37.9% when compared to outbreaksthe same period in Hong Kong in late January and early February 2022 and in Guangdong province in March 2022, resulting in tighter travel restrictions. Operating hours at restaurants across2019.
Summary
While the disruptions arising from the COVID-19 pandemic have subsided, given the dynamic nature of these circumstances, the potential future impact on the Company’s Macao propertiesconsolidated results of operations, cash flows and financial condition is uncertain. However, the Company has a strong balance sheet and sufficient liquidity in place, including total unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $6.53 billion and access to $1.50 billion, $537 million and $444 million of available borrowing capacity from the Company’s LVSC Revolving Facility, 2018 SCL Revolving Facility and 2012 Singapore Revolving Facility, respectively, as of March 31, 2023. The Company believes it is able to support continuing operations and complete the Company’s major construction projects that are continuously being adjusted in lineunderway.
Development Projects
In April 2019, the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, Marina Bay Sands Pte. Ltd. (“MBS”) and the STB entered into a development agreement (the “Second Development Agreement”) pursuant to which MBS has agreed to construct a development, which will include a hotel tower with fluctuations in guest visitation. The majority of retail outlets in theluxury rooms and suites, a rooftop attraction,
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
Company’s various shopping malls are openconvention and meeting facilities and a state-of-the-art live entertainment arena with reduced operating hours.approximately 15,000 seats (the “MBS Expansion Project”). The timing and manner in which these areas will return to full operation are currently unknown.
The Company’s ferry operations between Macao and Hong Kong remain suspended. The timing and manner in which the Company’s ferry operations will be able to resume are currently unknown.
The Company’s operations in Macao have been significantly impacted by the reduced visitation to Macao. The Macao government announced total visitation from mainland China to Macao increased approximately 9.9% and decreased 76.9% during the three months ended March 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in 2021 and 2019 (pre-pandemic), respectively. The Macao government also announced gross gaming revenue decreased approximately24.8% and 76.7% during the three months ended March 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in 2021 and 2019, respectively.
Singapore
In Singapore, Vaccinated Travel Lanes (“VTLs”) were introducedSecond Development Agreement provides for a numbertotal minimum project cost of key source markets in November and December of 2021 for vaccinated visitors with a negative COVID-19 test. Due to the emergence of the Omicron variant, however, new ticket sales for the VTLs were suspended on December 23, 2021 through January 20, 2022. The VTL program was terminated on March 31, 2022, and the Vaccination Travel Frameworkapproximately 4.50 billion Singapore dollars (“VTF”) was launched on April 1, 2022, to facilitate the resumption of travel for all travelers, including short-term visitors. Under the VTF, all fully vaccinated travelers and non-fully vaccinated children aged 12 and below are permitted to enter Singapore, without entry approvals or taking VTL transport. Operations at Marina Bay Sands will continue to be impacted and subject to changes in the government policies of Singapore and other jurisdictions in Asia addressing travel and public health measures associated with COVID-19.
Under the VTF program, all countries or regions will be classified under a “general travel” or “restricted” category, and individual travelers will be assigned border measures based on their vaccination status. This allows all fully vaccinated travelers from any country or region to enter Singapore quarantine-free, as long as they have not visited any countries or regions listed as a restricted category in the past seven days. There are currently no countries or regions on the restricted category list; however, this government policy may be adjusted in line with any developments to the local and global COVID-19 situation.
Visitation to Marina Bay Sands continues to be impacted by the effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic. The Singapore Tourism Board (“STB”) announced for the three months ended March 31, 2022, total visitation to Singapore increased fromSGD,” approximately 69,000 to 246,000, or 258.2%, as compared to the same period in 2021, while visitation decreased 94.8%, when compared to the same period in 2019.
Summary
The disruptions arising from the COVID-19 Pandemic continued to have a significant adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition and operations during the three months ended March 31, 2022. The duration and intensity of this global health situation and related disruptions are uncertain. Given the dynamic nature of these circumstances, the impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, cash flows and financial condition in 2022 will be material, but cannot be reasonably estimated at this time as it is unknown when the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic will end, when or how quickly the current travel and operational restrictions will be modified or cease to be necessary and the resulting impact on the Company’s business and the willingness of tourism patrons to spend on travel and entertainment and business patrons to spend on MICE.
While each of the Company’s properties were open with some operating at reduced levels due to lower visitation and required safety measures in place during the three months ended March 31, 2022, the current economic and regulatory environment on a global basis and in each of the Company’s jurisdictions continues to evolve. The Company cannot predict the manner in which governments will react as the global and regional impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic changes over time, which could significantly alter the Company’s current operations.
The Company has a strong balance sheet and sufficient liquidity in place, including total cash and cash equivalents balance, excluding restricted cash and cash equivalents, of $6.43$3.39 billion and access to $1.50 billion, $1.54 billion and $438 million of available borrowing capacity from the LVSC Revolving Facility, 2018 SCL
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
Revolving Facility and the 2012 Singapore Revolving Facility, respectively, as of March 31, 2022. The Company believes it is able to support continuing operations, complete the major construction projects that are underway and respond to the current COVID-19 Pandemic challenges. The Company has taken various mitigating measures to manage through the current environment, including a cost and capital expenditure reduction program to minimize cash outflow for non-essential items.
Macao Subconcession
Gaming in Macao is administered by the government through concession agreements awarded to three different concessionaires and three subconcessionaires, of which Venetian Macau Limited (“VML,” a subsidiary of Sands China Ltd.) is one. These concession agreements expire on June 26, 2022. If VML’s subconcession is not extended or renewed, VML may be prohibited from conducting gaming operations in Macao, and VML could cease to generate revenues from the gaming operations when the subconcession agreement expires on June 26, 2022. In addition, all of VML’s casino premises and gaming-related equipment could be automatically transferred to the Macao government without any compensation to VML.
On January 18, 2022, the Macao Legislative Assembly published a draft bill entitled Amendment to Law No. 16/2001 to amend Macao’s gaming law (the “Gaming Law”). Certain changes to the Gaming Law set out in the draft bill include a reduction in the term of future gaming concessions to ten (10) years; authorization of up to six (6) gaming concession contracts; an increase in the minimum capital contribution of concessionaires to 5 billion patacas (approximately $620 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2022); an increase in the percentage2023). The estimated cost and timing of the share capitaltotal project will be updated as the Company completes design and begins construction. The Company expects the total project cost will materially exceed the amounts referenced above from April 2019 based on current market conditions due to inflation, higher material and labor costs and other factors. The Company has incurred approximately $1.05 billion as of March 31, 2023, inclusive of the concessionaire that must be held bypayment made in 2019 for the local managing director to 15%; a requirement that casinos be located in real estate owned bylease of the concessionaire; and a prohibitionparcels of revenue sharing arrangements between gaming promoters and concessionaires.
land underlying the MBS Expansion Project site. On March 3, 2022,22, 2023, MBS and the Macao government announced its intentionSTB entered into a supplemental agreement, which further extended the construction commencement date to extendApril 8, 2024 and the term of Macao’s six concessionconstruction completion date to April 8, 2028, and subconcession contracts from June 26, 2022 until December 31, 2022 in order to ensure sufficient time to complete the amendmentallowed for changes to the Gaming Lawconstruction and conduct a public tender for the awarding of new gaming concessions. The Macao government invited VML to submit a formal request for an extension along with a commitment to pay up to 47 million patacas (approximately $6 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2022) and provide a bank guarantee to secure the fulfillment of VML’s payment obligations towards its employees should VML be unsuccessful in tendering for a new concession contract after its subconcession expires. VML submitted its request for an extension on March 14, 2022. The extension of VML’s subconcession is subject to approval by the Macao government, as well as entering into a subconcession amendment contract with Galaxy Casino Company Limited.
The Company is actively monitoring developments with respect to the Gaming Law amendment and concession renewal process and continues to believe it will be successful in extending the term of its subconcession and/or obtaining a new gaming concession when its current subconcession expires; however, it is possible the Macao government could further change or interpret the associated gaming laws in a manner that could negatively impact the Company.
Under the Company’s Sands China Ltd. (“SCL”) senior notes indentures, upon the occurrence of any event resulting from any change in the Gaming Law (as defined in the indentures) or any action by the gaming authority after which none of SCL or any of its subsidiaries own or manage casino or gaming areas or operate casino games of fortune and chance in Macao in substantially the same manner as they were owning or managing casino or gaming areas or operating casino games as at the issue date of the senior notes, for a period of 30 consecutive days or more, and such event has a material adverse effect on the financial condition, business, properties or results of operations of SCL and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, each holder of the SCL senior notes would have the right to require the Company to repurchase all or any part of such holder’s SCL senior notes at par, plus any accrued and unpaid interest (the “Investor Put Option”).
Additionally,operation plans under the 2018 SCL Credit Facility, the events that trigger an Investor Put Option under the SCL senior notes (as described above) would be an event of default, which may result in commitments being immediatelySecond Development Agreement.
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
cancelled, in whole or in part, and the related outstanding balances and accrued interest, if any, becoming immediately due and payable.
The subconcession not being extended or renewed and the potential impact if holders of the notes and the agent under the 2018 SCL Credit Facility have the ability to, and make the election to, accelerate the repayment of the Company’s debt would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. The Company intends to follow the process for a concession renewal once the process and requirements are announced by the Macao government.
Marina Bay Sands Gaming License
In April 2022, the Company paid 72 million Singapore dollars ("SGD," approximately $53 million at exchange rates in effect at the time of the transaction) to the Singapore Casino Regulatory Authority as part of the process to renew its gaming license at Marina Bay Sands, which will now expire in April 2025.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The Company’s management has evaluated all of the recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or other standards-setting bodies through the filing date of these financial statements and does not believe the future adoption of any such pronouncements will have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
Note 2 — Discontinued OperationsAccounts Receivable, Net and Customer Contract Related Liabilities
On February 23, 2022,Accounts Receivable and Provision for Credit Losses
Accounts receivable is comprised of casino, hotel, mall and other receivables, which do not bear interest and are recorded at amortized cost. The Company extends credit to approved casino patrons following background checks and investigations of creditworthiness. Business or economic conditions, the Company completedlegal enforceability of gaming debts, foreign currency control measures or other significant events in foreign countries could affect the previously announced salecollectability of its Las Vegas real property and operations (the “Closing”), including The Venetian Resort Las Vegas and the Sands Expo and Convention Center (collectively referred to as the “Las Vegas Operations”), to VICI Properties L.P. (“PropCo”) and Pioneer OpCo, LLC (“OpCo”) for an aggregate purchase pricereceivables from patrons in these countries.
Accounts receivable primarily consists of approximately $6.25 billion (the “Las Vegas Sale”). Under the terms of the agreements related to the Las Vegas Sale, OpCo acquired subsidiaries that hold the operating assets and liabilities of the Las Vegas Operations for approximately $1.05 billion in cash, subject to certain post-closing adjustments, and $1.20 billion in seller financing in the form of a six-year term loan credit and security agreement (the “Seller Financing Loan Agreement”) and PropCo acquired subsidiaries that hold the real estate and real estate-related assets of the Las Vegas Operations for approximately $4.0 billion in cash.
Upon closing, the Company received approximately $5.05 billion in cash proceeds, before transaction costs and working capital adjustments of $80 million, and recognized a gain on disposal of $3.61 billion, before income tax expense of $750 million, during the three months ended March 31, 2022.
Ascasino receivables. Other than casino receivables, there is no continuing involvement betweenother concentration of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable. The Company believes the concentration of its credit risk in casino receivables is mitigated substantially by its credit evaluation process, credit policies, credit control and collection procedures, and also believes there are no concentrations of credit risk for which a provision has not been established. Although management believes the provision is adequate, it is possible the estimated amount of cash collections with respect to accounts receivable could change.
The Company maintains a provision for expected credit losses on casino, hotel and mall receivables and regularly evaluates the balances. The Company applies standard reserve percentages to aged account balances, which are grouped based on shared credit risk characteristics and days past due. The reserve percentages are based on estimated loss rates supported by historical observed default rates over the expected life of the receivable and are adjusted for forward-looking information. The Company also specifically analyzes the collectability of each account with a balance over a specified dollar amount, based upon the age of the account, the patron's financial condition, collection history and any other known information and adjusts the aforementioned reserve with the results from the individual reserve analysis. The Company also monitors regional and global economic conditions and forecasts, which include the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, in its evaluation of the adequacy of the recorded reserves. Account balances are written off against the provision when the Company andbelieves it is probable the Las Vegas Operations, the Company accounted for the transaction as a sale of a business. The Company concluded the Las Vegas Operations met the criteria for held for sale and discontinued operations beginning in the first quarter of 2021. As a result, the Las Vegas Operations is presented in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and cash flows as a discontinued operation for all periods presented. The Company reported the operating results and cash flows related to the Las Vegas Operations through February 22, 2022. Current and non-current assets and liabilities of the Las Vegas Operations as of December 31, 2021, are presented in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets as current assets and liabilities held for sale.
Unless otherwise noted, amounts and disclosures throughout these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements relate to the Company's continuing operations.
Contingent Lease Support Agreement
On February 23, 2022, in connection with the Closing, the Company and OpCo entered into a post-closing contingent lease support agreement (the “Contingent Lease Support Agreement”) pursuant to which, among other things, the Company mayreceivable will not be required to make certain payments (“Support Payments”) to OpCo.recovered.
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
The Support Payments are payable on a monthly basis following the Closing through the year ending December 31, 2023, based upon the performanceAccounts receivable, net, consists of the Las Vegas Operations relative to certain agreed upon target metrics and subject to quarterly and annual adjustments. The target metrics are measured against a benchmark annual EBITDAR (as defined in the Contingent Lease Support Agreement) of the Las Vegas Operations equal to $426 million for the period beginning on the date of the Closing and ending December 31, 2022 and $500 million for the period beginning January 1, 2023 and ending December 31, 2023. The Company’s payment obligations are subject to an annual cap equal to $213 million for the annual period beginning on the date of the Closing and ending December 31, 2022 and $250 million for the annual period beginning January 1, 2023 and ending December 31, 2023. Each monthly Support Payment is subject to a prorated cap based on the annual cap. No Support Payments were made for the period post-Closing through March 31, 2022.following:
Seller Financing Loan Agreement
At the Closing, the Company, as lender, OpCo, as borrower, the parent company of OpCo (“Holdings”) and certain subsidiaries of OpCo as guarantors party thereto (collectively, and with Holdings, the “Guarantors” and, together with OpCo in its capacity as borrower, the “Loan Parties”), entered into the Seller Financing Loan Agreement. Refer to “Note 3 — Loan Receivable” for further information.
March 31,
2023
December 31,
2022
(In millions)
Casino$438 $341 
Rooms27 34 
Mall30 64 
Other42 45 
537 484 
Less - provision for credit losses(209)(217)
$328 $267 
The following table represents summarized balance sheet informationshows the movement in the provision for credit losses recognized for accounts receivable:
20232022
(In millions)
Balance at January 1$217 $232 
Current period provision for (recovery of) credit losses(6)
Write-offs(2)(2)
Balance at March 31$209 $234 
Customer Contract Related Liabilities
The Company provides numerous products and services to its patrons. There is often a timing difference between the cash payment by the patrons and recognition of assets and liabilitiesrevenue for each of the discontinued operation:
December 31,
2021
(In millions)
Cash and cash equivalents$55 
Accounts receivable, net of provision for credit losses of $58126 
Inventories
Prepaid expenses and other23 
Property and equipment, net2,864 
Other assets, net226 
Total held for sale assets in the balance sheet$3,303 
Accounts payable$24 
Construction payables
Other accrued liabilities318 
Long-term debt
Deferred amounts related to mall sale transactions338 
Other long-term liabilities131 
Total held for sale liabilities in the balance sheet$821 


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Tableassociated performance obligations. The Company has the following main types of Contentsliabilities associated with contracts with customers: (1) outstanding chip liability, (2) loyalty program liability and (3) customer deposits and other deferred revenue for gaming and non-gaming products and services yet to be provided.


LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
The following table represents summarized income statement information of discontinued operations:summarizes the liability activity related to contracts with customers:
Period Ended
February 22,
2022(1)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2021
(In millions)
Revenues:
Casino$61 $53 
Rooms78 45 
Food and beverage43 24 
Convention, retail and other46 17 
Net revenues228 139 
Resort operations expenses107 111 
Provision for credit losses— 
General and administrative55 75 
Depreciation and amortization— 25 
Loss on disposal or impairment of assets— 
Operating income (loss)63 (74)
Interest expense(2)(3)
Other expense(3)(1)
Income (loss) from operations of discontinued operations58 (78)
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations3,611 — 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, before income tax3,669 (78)
Income tax (expense) benefit(762)16 
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations presented in the statement of operations$2,907 $(62)
Adjusted Property EBITDA$63 $(47)
Outstanding Chip LiabilityLoyalty Program Liability
Customer Deposits and Other Deferred Revenue(1)
202320222023202220232022
(In millions)
Balance at January 1$81 $74 $72 $61 $614 $618 
Balance at March 3189 57 68 63 624 587 
Increase (decrease)$$(17)$(4)$$10 $(31)
______________________________________________
(1)    Includes the Las Vegas Operations financial results for the period fromOf this amount, $152 million and $149 millionas of March 31 and January 1, 2023, respectively, and $145 million as of March 31 and January 1, 2022, through February 22, 2022.
For the 53-day period ended February 22, 2022 andrelated to mall deposits that are accounted for the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company’s Las Vegas Operations were classified as a discontinued operation held for sale. The Company applied the intraperiod tax allocation rules to allocate the provision for income taxes between continuing operations and discontinued operations using the “with and without” approach. The Company calculated income tax expense from all financial statement components (continuing and discontinued operations), the “with” computation, and compared that to the income tax expense attributable to continuing operations, the “without” computation. The difference between the “with” and “without” computations was allocated to discontinued operations.
The Company’s effective income tax rate from discontinued operations was 20.8% for the 53-day period ended February 22, 2022. This compares to a (20.5)% effective income tax rate from discontinued operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021, which reflects the application of the “with and without” approach consistent with intraperiod tax allocation rules. The income taxbased on discontinued operations reflects a 21% corporate income tax rate on the Company’s Las Vegas Operations. The cash income tax expense as if the discontinued operations was a standalone enterprise and a separate taxpayer is $803 million. The Company files a U.S. consolidated income tax return inclusive of the discontinued operations which allows the income from discontinued operations to utilize net operating loss carryforwards and operating losses from continuing operations, U.S. foreign tax credits and charitable contribution carryforwards. As of March 31, 2022, the Company recorded a U.S. cash tax payable of $615 million inclusive of the gain on sale of the Las Vegas Operations, which is due in quarterly installments on April 18, June 15, September 15, and December 15, 2022.lease terms usually greater than one year.
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
Note 3 — Loan ReceivableIntangible Assets, Net
Seller Financing Loan AgreementIntangible assets consist of the following:
At
March 31,
2023
December 31,
2022
(In millions)
Macao concession$495 $— 
Marina Bay Sands gaming license54 54 
549 54 
Less — accumulated amortization(29)(12)
520 42 
Other25 22 
Total intangible assets, net$545 $64 
Macao Concession
On December 16, 2022, the Closing,Macao government announced the Companyaward of six definitive gaming concessions, one of which was awarded to Venetian Macau Limited (“VML,” a subsidiary of Sands China Ltd.), and the Loan Partieson January 1, 2023, VML entered into a ten-year gaming concession contract with the Seller Financing Loan Agreement. The Seller Financing Loan Agreement provides for a six-year senior secured term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of $1.20 billionMacao government (the “Seller Loan”“Concession”) at. Under the date of the Closing. The Seller Loan is guaranteed by the Guarantors and secured by a first-priority lien on substantially all of the Loan Parties’ assets (subject to customary exceptions and limitations), including a leasehold mortgage from OpCo over certain real estate that was sold to PropCo at the Closing and leased by OpCo.
The Seller Loan will bear interest at a rate equal to 1.50% per annum for the calendar years ending December 31, 2022 and 2023, and 4.25% per annum for each calendar year thereafter, subject to an increase of 1.00% per annum for any interest OpCo elects to pay by increasing the principal amount of the Seller Loan prior to January 1, 2024, and an increase of 1.50% per annum for any such election during the calendar year ending December 31, 2024. Any interest to be paid after December 31, 2024, will be paid in cash.
The Seller Financing Loan Agreement contains certain customary representations and warranties and covenants, subject to customary exceptions and thresholds. The Seller Financing Loan Agreement’s negative covenants restrict the ability of the Loan Parties and their subsidiaries to, among other things, (i) incur debt, (ii) create certain liens on their assets, (iii) dispose of their assets, (iv) make investments or restricted payments, including dividends, (v) merge, liquidate, dissolve, change their business or consolidate with other entities and (vi) enter into affiliate transactions.
The Seller Financing Loan Agreement also contains customary events of default, including payment defaults, cross defaults to material debt, bankruptcy and insolvency, breaches of covenants and inaccuracy of representations and warranties, subject to customary grace periods. Upon an event of default, the Company may declare any then-outstanding amounts due and payable and exercise other customary remedies available to a secured lender.
Loan receivables are carried at the outstanding principal amount. A provision for credit loss on loan receivables is established when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.Concession, VML is required to pay the Macao government an annual gaming premium consisting of a fixed portion and a variable portion. The Company determines this by considering several factors, including the credit risk and current financial conditionfixed portion of the borrower,premium is 30 million patacas (approximately $4 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023). The variable portion is 300,000 patacas per gaming table reserved exclusively for certain types of games or players, 150,000 patacas per gaming table not so reserved (the mass rate) and 1,000 patacas per electrical or mechanical gaming machine, including slot machines (approximately $37,104, $18,552 and $124, respectively, at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023).
On December 30, 2022, VML and certain other subsidiaries of the borrower’s abilityCompany, confirmed and agreed to pay current obligations, historical trends,revert certain gaming equipment and economicgaming areas to the Macao government without compensation and market conditions.free of any liens or charges in accordance with, and upon the expiry of, VML’s subconcession. On the same day, VML and the Macao government entered into a handover record (the “Handover Record”) granting VML the right to operate the reverted gaming equipment and gaming areas for the duration of the Concession in consideration for the payment of an annual fee. The Company performs a credit quality assessment on the loan receivableannual fee is calculated based on a quarterly basisprice per square meter of reverted gaming area, being 750 patacas per square meter in the first three years and reviews2,500 patacas per square meter in the needsubsequent seven years (approximately $93 and $309, respectively, at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023). The price per square meter used to determine the annual fee will be adjusted annually based on Macao’s average price index of the corresponding preceding year. The annual fee is estimated to be $13 million for the first three years and $42 million for the following seven years, subject to the aforementioned adjustment.
On January 1, 2023, the Company recognized an allowance under Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13. The Company evaluatesintangible asset and financial liability of 4.0 billion patacas (approximately $495 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023), representing the extent and impact of any credit deterioration that could affectright to operate the performancegaming equipment and the valuegaming areas, the right to conduct games of chance in Macao and the secured property,unconditional obligation to make payments under the Concession. This intangible asset comprises the contractually obligated annual payments of fixed and variable premiums, as well as fees associated with the financial and operating capabilityabove-described Handover Record. The contractually obligated annual variable premium payments associated with the intangible asset was determined using the maximum number of the borrower. The Company also evaluates and considers the overall economic environment, casino and hospitality industry and geographic sub-market in which the secured property is located. Based on the Company’s assessment of the credit quality of the loan receivable, the Company believes it will collect all contractual amounts due under the loan. Accordingly, no provision for credit losses on the loan receivable was established as of March 31, 2022.
Interest income is recorded on an accrual basistable games at the stated interestmass rate and the maximum number of gaming machines that VML is recorded in interest income incurrently allowed to operate by the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The carrying value of the loan receivable is $1.20 billion as of March 31, 2022, which approximates fair value. Interest income recognized on the loan was $2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
Note 4 — Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt consists of the following:
March 31,
2022
December 31,
2021
(In millions)
Corporate and U.S. Related(1):
3.200% Senior Notes due 2024 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $8)$1,742 $1,742 
2.900% Senior Notes due 2025 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $3)497 497 
3.500% Senior Notes due 2026 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $8)992 992 
3.900% Senior Notes due 2029 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $7)743 743 
Macao Related(1):
5.125% Senior Notes due 2025 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $8 and $9, respectively)1,792 1,791 
3.800% Senior Notes due 2026 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $6)794 794 
2.300% Senior Notes due 2027 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $7)693 693 
5.400% Senior Notes due 2028 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $15)1,885 1,885 
2.850% Senior Notes due 2029 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $7)643 643 
4.375% Senior Notes due 2030 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $9)691 691 
3.250% Senior Notes due 2031 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $6)594 594 
2018 SCL Credit Facility — Revolving950 753 
Other(2)
24 27 
Singapore Related(1):
2012 Singapore Credit Facility — Term (net of unamortized deferred financing costs of $41 and $43, respectively)2,889 2,902 
2012 Singapore Credit Facility — Delayed Draw Term (net of unamortized deferred financing costs of $1)45 45 
Other(2)
14,977 14,795 
Less — current maturities(72)(74)
Total long-term debt$14,905 $14,721 
____________________
(1)Unamortized deferred financing costs of $83 million and $81 million as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, related to the Company’s revolving credit facilities and the undrawn portion of the Singapore Delayed Draw Term Facility are included in other assets, net, inMacao government. In the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.sheet, the noncurrent portion of the financial liability is included in “Other long-term liabilities” and the current portion is included in “Other accrued liabilities.” The intangible asset is being amortized on a straight-line basis over the period of the Concession, being 10 years.
(2)Includes finance leases related to MacaoAmortization expense for all intangible assets for the three months ending March 31, 2023 and Singapore of $212022 was $17 million and $1$4 million, as of March 31, 2022, respectively, and $24respectively. The estimated future amortization expense for all intangible assets is approximately $51 million and $1 million as offor the nine months ending December 31, 2021, respectively.

2023, and $68 million, $55 million,
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
$49 million, $49 million for the years ending December 31, 2024, 2025, 2026 and 2027, respectively, and $247 million thereafter.
Note 4 — Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt consists of the following:
March 31,
2023
December 31,
2022
(In millions)
Corporate and U.S. Related(1):
3.200% Senior Notes due 2024 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $4 and $5, respectively)$1,746 $1,745 
2.900% Senior Notes due 2025 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $2)498 498 
3.500% Senior Notes due 2026 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $6 and $7, respectively)994 993 
3.900% Senior Notes due 2029 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $6)744 744 
Macao Related(1):
5.125% Senior Notes due 2025 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $6 and $7, respectively)1,794 1,793 
3.800% Senior Notes due 2026 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $5)795 795 
2.300% Senior Notes due 2027 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $6)694 694 
5.400% Senior Notes due 2028 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $13)1,887 1,887 
2.850% Senior Notes due 2029 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $6)644 644 
4.375% Senior Notes due 2030 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $8)692 692 
3.250% Senior Notes due 2031 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $5)595 595 
2018 SCL Credit Facility — Revolving1,946 1,958 
Other(2)
22 22 
Singapore Related(1):
2012 Singapore Credit Facility — Term (net of unamortized deferred financing costs of $31 and $33, respectively)2,891 2,870 
2012 Singapore Credit Facility — Delayed Draw Term46 46 
Other
15,989 15,978 
Less — current maturities(2,018)(2,031)
Total long-term debt$13,971 $13,947 
____________________
(1)Unamortized deferred financing costs of $53 million and $60 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, related to the Company’s revolving credit facilities and the undrawn portion of the Singapore Delayed Draw Term Facility are included in “Other assets, net,” and “Prepaid expenses and other” in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(2)Includes finance leases related to Macao of $20 million and $21 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
LVSC Revolving FacilityAccounts Receivable and Provision for Credit Losses
AsAccounts receivable is comprised of March 31, 2022,casino, hotel, mall and other receivables, which do not bear interest and are recorded at amortized cost. The Company extends credit to approved casino patrons following background checks and investigations of creditworthiness. Business or economic conditions, the legal enforceability of gaming debts, foreign currency control measures or other significant events in foreign countries could affect the collectability of receivables from patrons in these countries.
Accounts receivable primarily consists of casino receivables. Other than casino receivables, there is no other concentration of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable. The Company had $1.50 billionbelieves the concentration of available borrowing capacity underits credit risk in casino receivables is mitigated substantially by its credit evaluation process, credit policies, credit control and collection procedures, and also believes there are no concentrations of credit risk for which a provision has not been established. Although management believes the LVSC Revolving Facility, netprovision is adequate, it is possible the estimated amount of outstanding letters of credit.cash collections with respect to accounts receivable could change.
SCL Senior Notes
On February 16, 2022, Standard & Poor’s downgradedThe Company maintains a provision for expected credit losses on casino, hotel and mall receivables and regularly evaluates the balances. The Company applies standard reserve percentages to aged account balances, which are grouped based on shared credit rating forrisk characteristics and days past due. The reserve percentages are based on estimated loss rates supported by historical observed default rates over the Company and SCL to BB+. As a resultexpected life of the downgrade,receivable and are adjusted for forward-looking information. The Company also specifically analyzes the coupon oncollectability of each seriesaccount with a balance over a specified dollar amount, based upon the age of the outstanding SCL Senior Notes will increase by 0.25% per annum,account, the patron's financial condition, collection history and any other known information and adjusts the aforementioned reserve with such increase becoming effective on the first interest payment date after February 16, 2022. This will result in an increase of $9 million in interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2022 and $18 million for each year thereafter through 2024, at which time this will decrease as the SCL Senior Notes are repaid based on each of their set maturity dates.
2018 SCL Credit Facility
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, SCL drew down $19 million and 1.42 billion Hong Kong dollars (“HKD,” approximately $182 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2022) under the facility for general corporate purposes.
As of March 31, 2022, SCL had $1.54 billion of available borrowing capacity under the 2018 SCL Revolving Facility comprised of HKD commitments of HKD 10.90 billion (approximately $1.39 billion at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2022) and U.S. dollar commitments of $147 million.
2012 Singapore Credit Facility
As of March 31, 2022, Marina Bay Sands Pte. Ltd. (“MBS”) had SGD 593 million (approximately $438 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2022) of available borrowing capacity under the 2012 Singapore Revolving Facility, net of outstanding letters of credit, primarily consisting of a banker’s guarantee for SGD153 million (approximately $113 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2022) pursuant to a development agreement.
On February 9, 2022, MBS entered into the Fourth Amendment and Restatement Agreement (the “Fourth Amendment Agreement”) with DBS Bank Ltd., as agent and security trustee. The Fourth Amendment Agreement amended and restated the facility agreement, dated as of June 25, 2012 (as amended, the “Existing Facility Agreement”). Pursuant to the Fourth Amendment Agreement, the Existing Facility Agreement was amended to update the terms therein that provide for a transition awayresults from the Swap Offer Rate (“SOR”) as a benchmark interest rate and the replacement of SOR by a replacement benchmark interest rate or mechanism.
Under the Fourth Amendment Agreement, outstanding loans bear interest at the Singapore Overnight Rate Average (“SORA”) with a credit spread adjustment of 0.19% per annum, plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.15% to 1.85% per annum, based on MBS’s consolidated leverage ratio (estimated interest rate set at approximately 2.3% as of March 31, 2022).
During 2021, the Company amended its 2012 Singapore Credit Facility, which, among other things, extended to March 31, 2022, the deadline for delivering the construction cost estimate and the construction schedule for the MBS Expansion Project.individual reserve analysis. The Company is in the process of reviewing the budgetalso monitors regional and timing of the MBS expansion based onglobal economic conditions and forecasts, which include the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and other factors. As a result,pandemic, in its evaluation of the construction cost estimate and construction schedule wereadequacy of the recorded reserves. Account balances are written off against the provision when the Company believes it is probable the receivable will not delivered to the lenders by the March 31, 2022 deadline. As of March 31, 2022, there is SGD 3.69 billion (approximately $2.73 billion at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2022) left of total borrowing capacity, which is only available to be drawn under the Singapore Delayed Draw Term Facility after the construction cost estimate and construction schedule for the MBS Expansion Project are delivered to lenders. The Company does not anticipate material spend related to the MBS Expansion Project prior to the delivery of these items to the lenders.recovered.
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
Debt Covenant ComplianceAccounts receivable, net, consists of the following:
As
March 31,
2023
December 31,
2022
(In millions)
Casino$438 $341 
Rooms27 34 
Mall30 64 
Other42 45 
537 484 
Less - provision for credit losses(209)(217)
$328 $267 
The following table shows the movement in the provision for credit losses recognized for accounts receivable:
20232022
(In millions)
Balance at January 1$217 $232 
Current period provision for (recovery of) credit losses(6)
Write-offs(2)(2)
Balance at March 31$209 $234 
Customer Contract Related Liabilities
The Company provides numerous products and services to its patrons. There is often a timing difference between the cash payment by the patrons and recognition of revenue for each of the associated performance obligations. The Company has the following main types of liabilities associated with contracts with customers: (1) outstanding chip liability, (2) loyalty program liability and (3) customer deposits and other deferred revenue for gaming and non-gaming products and services yet to be provided.
The following table summarizes the liability activity related to contracts with customers:
Outstanding Chip LiabilityLoyalty Program Liability
Customer Deposits and Other Deferred Revenue(1)
202320222023202220232022
(In millions)
Balance at January 1$81 $74 $72 $61 $614 $618 
Balance at March 3189 57 68 63 624 587 
Increase (decrease)$$(17)$(4)$$10 $(31)
____________________
(1)Of this amount, $152 million and $149 millionas of March 31 2022, management believes the Company was in compliance with all debt covenants. The Company amended its credit facilities to, among other things, waive the Company’s requirement to comply with certain financial covenant ratios through December 31, 2022 for LVSC and MBS and January 1, 2023, for SCL, which include a maximum leverage ratio or net debt to trailing twelve-months adjusted earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciationrespectively, and amortization, calculated in accordance with the respective credit agreement, of 4.0x, 4.0x and 4.5x under the LVSC Revolving Facility, 2018 SCL Credit Facility and 2012 Singapore Credit Facility, respectively. The Company’s compliance with its financial covenants for periods beyond December 31, 2022 for MBS and LVSC and January 1, 2023 for SCL, could be affected by certain factors beyond the Company’s control, such as the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic, including current travel and border restrictions continuing in the future. The Company will pursue additional waivers to meet the required financial covenant ratios for periods beyond the current covenant waiver periods, if deemed necessary.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Cash flows from financing activities related to long-term debt and finance lease obligations are as follows:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
20222021
(In millions)
Proceeds from 2018 SCL Credit Facility$201 $505 
$201 $505 
Repayments on 2012 Singapore Credit Facility$(16)$(16)
Repayments on Other Long-Term Debt(1)(2)
$(17)$(18)
Fair Value of Long-Term Debt
The estimated fair value of the Company’s long-term debt$145 million as of March 31 and January 1, 2022, related to mall deposits that are accounted for based on lease terms usually greater than one year.
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
Note 3 — Intangible Assets, Net
Intangible assets consist of the following:
March 31,
2023
December 31,
2022
(In millions)
Macao concession$495 $— 
Marina Bay Sands gaming license54 54 
549 54 
Less — accumulated amortization(29)(12)
520 42 
Other25 22 
Total intangible assets, net$545 $64 
Macao Concession
On December 16, 2022, the Macao government announced the award of six definitive gaming concessions, one of which was awarded to Venetian Macau Limited (“VML,” a subsidiary of Sands China Ltd.), and on January 1, 2023, VML entered into a ten-year gaming concession contract with the Macao government (the “Concession”). Under the terms of the Concession, VML is required to pay the Macao government an annual gaming premium consisting of a fixed portion and a variable portion. The fixed portion of the premium is 30 million patacas (approximately $4 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023). The variable portion is 300,000 patacas per gaming table reserved exclusively for certain types of games or players, 150,000 patacas per gaming table not so reserved (the mass rate) and 1,000 patacas per electrical or mechanical gaming machine, including slot machines (approximately $37,104, $18,552 and $124, respectively, at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023).
On December 30, 2022, VML and certain other subsidiaries of the Company, confirmed and agreed to revert certain gaming equipment and gaming areas to the Macao government without compensation and free of any liens or charges in accordance with, and upon the expiry of, VML’s subconcession. On the same day, VML and the Macao government entered into a handover record (the “Handover Record”) granting VML the right to operate the reverted gaming equipment and gaming areas for the duration of the Concession in consideration for the payment of an annual fee. The annual fee is calculated based on a price per square meter of reverted gaming area, being 750 patacas per square meter in the first three years and 2,500 patacas per square meter in the subsequent seven years (approximately $93 and $309, respectively, at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023). The price per square meter used to determine the annual fee will be adjusted annually based on Macao’s average price index of the corresponding preceding year. The annual fee is estimated to be $13 million for the first three years and $42 million for the following seven years, subject to the aforementioned adjustment.
On January 1, 2023, the Company recognized an intangible asset and financial liability of 4.0 billion patacas (approximately $495 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023), representing the right to operate the gaming equipment and the gaming areas, the right to conduct games of chance in Macao and the unconditional obligation to make payments under the Concession. This intangible asset comprises the contractually obligated annual payments of fixed and variable premiums, as well as fees associated with the above-described Handover Record. The contractually obligated annual variable premium payments associated with the intangible asset was determined using the maximum number of table games at the mass rate and the maximum number of gaming machines that VML is currently allowed to operate by the Macao government. In the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet, the noncurrent portion of the financial liability is included in “Other long-term liabilities” and the current portion is included in “Other accrued liabilities.” The intangible asset is being amortized on a straight-line basis over the period of the Concession, being 10 years.
Amortization expense for all intangible assets for the three months ending March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $17 million and $4 million, respectively. The estimated future amortization expense for all intangible assets is approximately $51 million for the nine months ending December 31, 2023, and $68 million, $55 million,
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
$49 million, $49 million for the years ending December 31, 2024, 2025, 2026 and 2027, respectively, and $247 million thereafter.
Note 4 — Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt consists of the following:
March 31,
2023
December 31,
2022
(In millions)
Corporate and U.S. Related(1):
3.200% Senior Notes due 2024 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $4 and $5, respectively)$1,746 $1,745 
2.900% Senior Notes due 2025 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $2)498 498 
3.500% Senior Notes due 2026 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $6 and $7, respectively)994 993 
3.900% Senior Notes due 2029 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $6)744 744 
Macao Related(1):
5.125% Senior Notes due 2025 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $6 and $7, respectively)1,794 1,793 
3.800% Senior Notes due 2026 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $5)795 795 
2.300% Senior Notes due 2027 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $6)694 694 
5.400% Senior Notes due 2028 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $13)1,887 1,887 
2.850% Senior Notes due 2029 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $6)644 644 
4.375% Senior Notes due 2030 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $8)692 692 
3.250% Senior Notes due 2031 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $5)595 595 
2018 SCL Credit Facility — Revolving1,946 1,958 
Other(2)
22 22 
Singapore Related(1):
2012 Singapore Credit Facility — Term (net of unamortized deferred financing costs of $31 and $33, respectively)2,891 2,870 
2012 Singapore Credit Facility — Delayed Draw Term46 46 
Other
15,989 15,978 
Less — current maturities(2,018)(2,031)
Total long-term debt$13,971 $13,947 
____________________
(1)Unamortized deferred financing costs of $53 million and $60 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2021, was approximately $14.35 billion2022, respectively, related to the Company’s revolving credit facilities and $15.06 billion, respectively, compared to its contractual value of $15.08 billion and $14.90 billion, respectively. The estimated fair valuethe undrawn portion of the Company’s long-term debt is based on recent trades, if available,Singapore Delayed Draw Term Facility are included in “Other assets, net,” and indicative pricing from market information (level 2 inputs).“Prepaid expenses and other” in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(2)Includes finance leases related to Macao of $20 million and $21 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
Note 5 — Accounts Receivable, Net and Customer Contract Related Liabilities
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
Accounts Receivable and Provision for Credit Losses
Accounts receivable is comprised of casino, hotel, mall and other receivables, which do not bear interest and are recorded at amortized cost. The Company extends credit to approved casino patrons following background checks and investigations of creditworthiness. Business or economic conditions, the legal enforceability of gaming debts, foreign currency control measures or other significant events in foreign countries could affect the collectability of receivables from patrons in these countries.
Accounts receivable primarily consists of casino receivables. Other than casino receivables, there is no other concentration of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable. The Company believes the concentration of its credit risk in casino receivables is mitigated substantially by its credit evaluation process, credit policies, credit control and collection procedures, and also believes there are no concentrations of credit risk for which a provision has not been established. Although management believes the provision is adequate, it is possible the estimated amount of cash collections with respect to accounts receivable could change.
The Company maintains a provision for expected credit losses on casino, hotel and mall receivables and regularly evaluates the balances. The Company applies standard reserve percentages to aged account balances, which are grouped based on shared credit risk characteristics and days past due. The reserve percentages are based
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
on estimated loss rates supported by historical observed default rates over the expected life of the receivable and are adjusted for forward-looking information. The Company also specifically analyzes the collectability of each account with a balance over a specified dollar amount, based upon the age of the account, the patron's financial condition, collection history and any other known information and adjusts the aforementioned reserve with the results from the individual reserve analysis. The Company also monitors regional and global economic conditions and forecasts, which include the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic,pandemic, in its evaluation of the adequacy of the recorded reserves. Account balances are written off against the provision when the Company believes it is probable the receivable will not be recovered.
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
Accounts receivable, net, consists of the following:
March 31,
2022
December 31,
2021
March 31,
2023
December 31,
2022
(In millions)(In millions)
CasinoCasino$313 $313 Casino$438 $341 
RoomsRooms13 Rooms27 34 
MallMall30 91 Mall30 64 
OtherOther29 17 Other42 45 
381 434 537 484 
Less - provision for credit lossesLess - provision for credit losses(234)(232)Less - provision for credit losses(209)(217)
$147 $202 $328 $267 
The following table shows the movement in the provision for credit losses recognized for accounts receivable:
2022202120232022
(In millions)(In millions)
Balance at January 1Balance at January 1$232 $255 Balance at January 1$217 $232 
Current period provision for credit losses
Current period provision for (recovery of) credit lossesCurrent period provision for (recovery of) credit losses(6)
Write-offsWrite-offs(2)(15)Write-offs(2)(2)
Exchange rate impact— (2)
Balance at March 31Balance at March 31$234 $242 Balance at March 31$209 $234 
Customer Contract Related Liabilities
The Company provides numerous products and services to its patrons. There is often a timing difference between the cash payment by the patrons and recognition of revenue for each of the associated performance obligations. The Company has the following main types of liabilities associated with contracts with customers: (1) outstanding chip liability, (2) loyalty program liability and (3) customer deposits and other deferred revenue for gaming and non-gaming products and services yet to be provided.
The following table summarizes the liability activity related to contracts with customers:
Outstanding Chip LiabilityLoyalty Program Liability
Customer Deposits and Other Deferred Revenue(1)
Outstanding Chip LiabilityLoyalty Program Liability
Customer Deposits and Other Deferred Revenue(1)
202220212022202120222021202320222023202220232022
(In millions)(In millions)
Balance at January 1Balance at January 1$74 $197 $61 $62 $618 $633 Balance at January 1$81 $74 $72 $61 $614 $618 
Balance at March 31Balance at March 3157 153 63 62 587 610 Balance at March 3189 57 68 63 624 587 
Increase (decrease)Increase (decrease)$(17)$(44)$$— $(31)$(23)Increase (decrease)$$(17)$(4)$$10 $(31)
____________________
(1)Of this amount, $152 million and $149 millionas of March 31 and January 1, 2023, respectively, and $145 million as of March 31 and January 1, 2022, and $152 million as of March 31 and January 1, 2021, relaterelated to mall deposits that are accounted for based on lease terms usually greater than one year.
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
Note 63Other Accrued LiabilitiesIntangible Assets, Net
Other accrued liabilitiesIntangible assets consist of the following:
March 31,
2023
December 31,
2022
(In millions)
Macao concession$495 $— 
Marina Bay Sands gaming license54 54 
549 54 
Less — accumulated amortization(29)(12)
520 42 
Other25 22 
Total intangible assets, net$545 $64 
Macao Concession
On December 16, 2022, the Macao government announced the award of six definitive gaming concessions, one of which was awarded to Venetian Macau Limited (“VML,” a subsidiary of Sands China Ltd.), and on January 1, 2023, VML entered into a ten-year gaming concession contract with the Macao government (the “Concession”). Under the terms of the Concession, VML is required to pay the Macao government an annual gaming premium consisting of a fixed portion and a variable portion. The fixed portion of the premium is 30 million patacas (approximately $4 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023). The variable portion is 300,000 patacas per gaming table reserved exclusively for certain types of games or players, 150,000 patacas per gaming table not so reserved (the mass rate) and 1,000 patacas per electrical or mechanical gaming machine, including slot machines (approximately $37,104, $18,552 and $124, respectively, at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023).
On December 30, 2022, VML and certain other subsidiaries of the Company, confirmed and agreed to revert certain gaming equipment and gaming areas to the Macao government without compensation and free of any liens or charges in accordance with, and upon the expiry of, VML’s subconcession. On the same day, VML and the Macao government entered into a handover record (the “Handover Record”) granting VML the right to operate the reverted gaming equipment and gaming areas for the duration of the Concession in consideration for the payment of an annual fee. The annual fee is calculated based on a price per square meter of reverted gaming area, being 750 patacas per square meter in the first three years and 2,500 patacas per square meter in the subsequent seven years (approximately $93 and $309, respectively, at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023). The price per square meter used to determine the annual fee will be adjusted annually based on Macao’s average price index of the corresponding preceding year. The annual fee is estimated to be $13 million for the first three years and $42 million for the following seven years, subject to the aforementioned adjustment.
On January 1, 2023, the Company recognized an intangible asset and financial liability of 4.0 billion patacas (approximately $495 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023), representing the right to operate the gaming equipment and the gaming areas, the right to conduct games of chance in Macao and the unconditional obligation to make payments under the Concession. This intangible asset comprises the contractually obligated annual payments of fixed and variable premiums, as well as fees associated with the above-described Handover Record. The contractually obligated annual variable premium payments associated with the intangible asset was determined using the maximum number of table games at the mass rate and the maximum number of gaming machines that VML is currently allowed to operate by the Macao government. In the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet, the noncurrent portion of the financial liability is included in “Other long-term liabilities” and the current portion is included in “Other accrued liabilities.” The intangible asset is being amortized on a straight-line basis over the period of the Concession, being 10 years.
Amortization expense for all intangible assets for the three months ending March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $17 million and $4 million, respectively. The estimated future amortization expense for all intangible assets is approximately $51 million for the nine months ending December 31, 2023, and $68 million, $55 million,
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March 31,
2022
December 31,
2021
(In millions)
Customer deposits$454 $470 
Payroll and related164 253 
Taxes and licenses103 143 
Accrued interest payable73 157 
Outstanding chip liability57 74 
Other accruals240 237 
$1,091 $1,334 

LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
$49 million, $49 million for the years ending December 31, 2024, 2025, 2026 and 2027, respectively, and $247 million thereafter.
Note 74 — Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt consists of the following:
March 31,
2023
December 31,
2022
(In millions)
Corporate and U.S. Related(1):
3.200% Senior Notes due 2024 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $4 and $5, respectively)$1,746 $1,745 
2.900% Senior Notes due 2025 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $2)498 498 
3.500% Senior Notes due 2026 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $6 and $7, respectively)994 993 
3.900% Senior Notes due 2029 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $6)744 744 
Macao Related(1):
5.125% Senior Notes due 2025 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $6 and $7, respectively)1,794 1,793 
3.800% Senior Notes due 2026 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $5)795 795 
2.300% Senior Notes due 2027 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $6)694 694 
5.400% Senior Notes due 2028 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $13)1,887 1,887 
2.850% Senior Notes due 2029 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $6)644 644 
4.375% Senior Notes due 2030 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $8)692 692 
3.250% Senior Notes due 2031 (net of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing costs of $5)595 595 
2018 SCL Credit Facility — Revolving1,946 1,958 
Other(2)
22 22 
Singapore Related(1):
2012 Singapore Credit Facility — Term (net of unamortized deferred financing costs of $31 and $33, respectively)2,891 2,870 
2012 Singapore Credit Facility — Delayed Draw Term46 46 
Other
15,989 15,978 
Less — current maturities(2,018)(2,031)
Total long-term debt$13,971 $13,947 
____________________
(1)Unamortized deferred financing costs of $53 million and $60 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, related to the Company’s revolving credit facilities and the undrawn portion of the Singapore Delayed Draw Term Facility are included in “Other assets, net,” and “Prepaid expenses and other” in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(2)Includes finance leases related to Macao of $20 million and $21 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
LVSC Revolving Facility
As of March 31, 2023, the Company had $1.50 billion of available borrowing capacity under the LVSC Revolving Facility, net of outstanding letters of credit.
On January 30, 2023, LVSC entered into Amendment No. 4 with lenders to the LVSC Revolving Credit Agreement. Pursuant to the Fourth Amendment, the existing LVSC Revolving Credit Agreement was amended to (a) determine consolidated adjusted EBITDA on a year-to-date annualized basis during the period commencing on the effective date and ending on and including December 31, 2023, as follows: (i) for the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2023, consolidated adjusted EBITDA for such fiscal quarter multiplied by four, (ii) for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2023, consolidated adjusted EBITDA for such fiscal quarter and the immediately preceding fiscal quarter multiplied by two, and (iii) for the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2023, consolidated adjusted EBITDA for such fiscal quarter and the two immediately preceding fiscal quarters, multiplied by four-thirds; (b) extend the period during which LVSC is required to maintain a specified amount of minimum liquidity as of the last day of each month to December 31, 2023; and (c) extend the period during which LVSC is unable to declare or pay any dividend or other distribution, unless liquidity is greater than $1.0 billion on a pro forma basis after giving effect to such dividend or distribution, to December 31, 2023.
2018 SCL Credit Facility
As of March 31, 2023, Sands China Ltd. (“SCL,” a majority-owned subsidiary of the Company) had $537 million of available borrowing capacity under the 2018 SCL Revolving Facility comprised of Hong Kong dollar (“HKD”) commitments of HKD 3.82 billion (approximately $486 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023) and U.S. dollar commitments of $51 million.
2012 Singapore Credit Facility
As of March 31, 2023, MBS had SGD 590 million (approximately $444 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023) of available borrowing capacity under the 2012 Singapore Revolving Facility, net of outstanding letters of credit, primarily consisting of a banker’s guarantee for SGD153 million (approximately $115 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023) pursuant to a development agreement.
During 2021, the Company amended its 2012 Singapore Credit Facility, which, among other things, extended to March 31, 2022, the deadline for delivering the construction cost estimate and the construction schedule for the MBS Expansion Project. The Company is in the process of reviewing the budget and timing of the MBS expansion due to various factors. As a result, the construction cost estimate and construction schedule were not delivered to the lenders by the March 31, 2022 deadline. As of March 31, 2023, there is SGD 3.69 billion (approximately $2.78 billion at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023) left of total borrowing capacity, which is only available to be drawn under the Singapore Delayed Draw Term Facility after the construction cost estimate and construction schedule for the MBS Expansion Project are delivered to lenders. The Company does not anticipate material spend related to the MBS Expansion Project prior to the delivery of these items to the lenders.
Debt Covenant Compliance
As of March 31, 2023, management believes the Company was in compliance with all debt covenants. The Company amended its 2018 SCL Credit Facility to, among other things, waive SCL’s requirement to comply with financial covenants through July 31, 2023, which include a maximum leverage ratio of total debt to trailing twelve-months adjusted earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, calculated in accordance with the credit agreement, of 4.0x under the 2018 SCL Credit Facility.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Cash flows from financing activities related to long-term debt and finance lease obligations are as follows:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
20232022
(In millions)
Proceeds from 2018 SCL Credit Facility$— $201 
$— $201 
Repayments on 2012 Singapore Credit Facility$(16)$(16)
Repayments on Other Long-Term Debt(1)(1)
$(17)$(17)
Fair Value of Long-Term Debt
The estimated fair value of the Company’s long-term debt as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, was approximately $15.24 billion and $15.14 billion, respectively, compared to its contractual value of $16.07 billion and $16.06 billion, respectively. The estimated fair value of the Company’s long-term debt is based on recent trades, if available, and indicative pricing from market information (level 2 inputs).
Note 5 — Earnings (Loss) Per Share
The weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share consisted of the following:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2022202120232022
(In millions)(In millions)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding (used in the calculation of basic earnings (loss) per share)Weighted-average common shares outstanding (used in the calculation of basic earnings (loss) per share)764 764 Weighted-average common shares outstanding (used in the calculation of basic earnings (loss) per share)764 764 
Potential dilution from stock options and restricted stock and stock unitsPotential dilution from stock options and restricted stock and stock units— — Potential dilution from stock options and restricted stock and stock units— 
Weighted-average common and common equivalent shares (used in the calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share)Weighted-average common and common equivalent shares (used in the calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share)764 764 Weighted-average common and common equivalent shares (used in the calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share)766 764 
Antidilutive stock options excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share15 
Antidilutive stock options excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per shareAntidilutive stock options excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share15 
Note 86 — Income Taxes
The Company’s effective income tax rate from continuing operations was 25.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to 0.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to 5.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. The effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2022,2023, reflects a 17% statutory tax rate on the Company’s Singapore operations and a 21% corporate income tax rate on its domestic operations. The Company'sCompany’s operations in Macao are subject to a 12% statutory income tax rate, but in connection with the 35% gaming tax, the Company’s subsidiaries in Macao and itstheir peers receive anreceived a corporate income tax exemption on gaming operations through June 26,December 31, 2022. During the three months ended March 31, 2021,In December 2022, the Company recordedrequested a valuation allowancecorporate tax exemption on profits generated by the operation of $20 million relatedcasino games in Macao for the new gaming concession period effective from January 1, 2023 through December 31, 2032, or for a period of corporate tax exemption that the Chief Executive of Macao may deem more appropriate. There is no assurance the corporate tax exemption will be granted. In accordance with interim accounting guidance, the Company calculated an estimated annual effective tax rate based on expected annual income and statutory rates in the jurisdictions in which the Company operates. This estimated annual effective tax rate is applied to certain U.S. foreign tax credits, which it no longer expectsactual year-to-date operating results to utilize due to lower forecasted U.S. taxabledetermine the provision for income in years following the sale of the Las Vegas Operations.taxes.
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
Note 97 — Leases
Lessor
Lease revenue for the Company’s mall operations consists of the following:

Three Months Ended March 31,
20232022
(In millions)
Minimum rents$121 $124 
Overage rents18 14 
Rent concessions(1)
— (12)
Total overage rents and rent concessions18 
$139 $126 
Three months ended March 31,
20222021
(In millions)
Minimum rents$124 $131 
Overage rents14 17 
Rent concessions(1)
(12)(20)
Other(2)
— 
Total overage rents, rent concessions and other
$126 $134 
___________________
(1)Rent concessions were provided for the periods presented to tenants as a result of the COVID-19 Pandemicpandemic and the impact on mall operations.
(2)Amount related to a grant provided by the Singapore government to lessors to support small and medium enterprises impacted by the COVID-19 Pandemic in connection with their rent obligations.
Note 108 — Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation
The Company is involved in other litigation in addition to those noted below, arising in the normal course of business. Management has made certain estimates for potential litigation costs based upon consultation with legal counsel. Actual results could differ from these estimates; however, in the opinion of management, such litigation and claims will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Asian American Entertainment Corporation, Limited v. Venetian Macau Limited, et al.
On February 5, 2007, Asian American Entertainment Corporation, Limited (“AAEC” or “Plaintiff”) brought a claim (the “Prior Action”) in the U.S. District Court for the District of Nevada (the “U.S. District Court”) against Las Vegas Sands, Inc. (now known as Las Vegas Sands, LLC (“LVSLLC”)), Venetian Casino Resort, LLC (“VCR”) and Venetian Venture Development, LLC, which are subsidiaries of the Company, and William P. Weidner and David Friedman, who are former executives of the Company. The Prior Action sought damages based on an alleged breach of agreements entered into between AAEC and the aforementioned defendants for their joint presentation of a bid in response to the public tender held by the Macao government for the award of gaming concessions at the end of 2001. The U.S. District Court entered an order dismissing the Prior Action on April 16, 2010.
On January 19, 2012, AAEC filed another claim (the “Macao Action”) with the Macao Judicial Court against VML, LVS (Nevada) International Holdings, Inc. (“LVS (Nevada)”), LVSLLC and VCR (collectively, the “Defendants”). The claim was for 3.0 billionpatacas (approximately $372$371 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2022)2023). The Macao Action alleges a breach of agreements entered into between AAEC and LVS (Nevada), LVSLLC and VCR (collectively, the “U.S. Defendants”) for their joint presentation of a bid in response to the public tender held by the Macao government for the award of gaming concessions at the end of 2001. On July 4, 2012, the Defendants filed their defense to the Macao Action with the Macao Judicial Court and amended the defense on January 4, 2013.
On March 24, 2014, the Macao Judicial Court issued a decision holding that AAEC’s claim against VML is unfounded and that VML be removed as a party to the proceedings, and the claim should proceed exclusively
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
against the U.S. Defendants.proceedings. On May 8, 2014, AAEC lodged an appeal against that decision and the appeal is currently pending.
On June 5, 2015, the U.S. Defendants applied to the Macao Judicial Court to dismiss the claims against them as res judicata based on the dismissal of the Prior Action. On March 16, 2016, the Macao Judicial Court dismissed the defense of res judicata. An appeal against that decision was lodged by U.S. Defendants on April 7, 2016. AsAt the
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
end of December 2016, all the appeals (including VML’s dismissal and the res judicata appeals) were being transferred to the Macao Second Instance Court. On May 11, 2017, the Macao Second Instance Court notified the parties of its decision of refusal to deal with the appeals at the present time. The Macao Second Instance Court ordered the court file be transferred back to the Macao Judicial Court. Evidence gathering by the Macao Judicial Court commenced by letters rogatory, which was completed on March 14, 2019, and the trial of this matter was scheduled for September 2019.
On July 15, 2019, AAEC submitted a request to the Macao Judicial Court to increase the amount of its claim to 96.45 billion patacas (approximately $11.96$11.93 billion at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2022)2023), allegedly representing lost profits from 2004 to 2018, and reserving its right to claim for lost profits up to 2022 in due course at the enforcement stage.2022. On September 4, 2019, the Macao Judicial Court allowed AAEC’s request to increase the amount of its claim. On September 17, 2019, the U.S. Defendants appealedMacao Judicial Court accepted the decision granting AAEC’s requestappeal and that appeal is currently pending.
On September 2, 2019, the U.S. Defendants moved to revoke the legal aid granted to AAEC, which excuses AAEC from paying its share of court costs. On September 4, 2019, the Macao Judicial Court deferred ruling on the U.S. Defendants’ motion regarding legal aid until the entry of final judgment. The U.S. Defendants appealed that deferral on September 17, 2019. On September 26, 2019, the Macao Judicial Court rejected that appeal on procedural grounds. The U.S. Defendants requested clarification of that order on October 29, 2019. By order dated December 4, 2019, the Macao Judicial Court stated it would reconsider the U.S. Defendants’ motion to revoke legal aid and, as part of that reconsideration, it would reanalyze portions of the record, seek an opinion from the Macao Public Prosecutor regarding the propriety of legal aid and consult with the trial court overseeing AAEC’s separate litigation against Galaxy Entertainment Group Ltd., Galaxy Entertainment Group S.A. and two of the U.S. Defendants’ former executives, individually. The Macao Judicial Court denied the motion to revoke legal aid on January 14, 2020.
On June 18, 2020, the U.S. Defendants moved to reschedule the trial, which had been scheduled to begin on September 16, 2020, due to travel disruptions and other extraordinary circumstances resulting from the ongoing COVID-19 Pandemic.pandemic. The Macao Judicial Court granted that motion and rescheduled the trial to begin on June 16, 2021. On April 16, 2021, the U.S. Defendants again moved to reschedule the trial because continued travel disruptions resulting from the pandemic prevented the representatives of the U.S. Defendants and certain witnesses from attending the trial as scheduled. Plaintiff opposed that motion on April 29, 2021.ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The Macao Judicial Court denied the U.S. Defendants’ motion on May 28, 2021, concluding that, under Macao law, it lacked the power to reschedule the trial absent agreement of the parties.2021. The U.S. DefendantsLVSC entities appealed that ruling on June 16, 2021, and that appeal is currently pending.
The trial began as scheduled on June 16, 2021. The Macao Judicial Court heard testimony on June 16, 17, 23, and July 1. By order dated June 17, 2021, the Macao Judicial Court scheduled additional trial dates during September, October and Decemberin late 2021 to hear witnesses who are currentlywere subject to COVID-19 travel restrictions that preventprevented or severely limitlimited their ability to enter Macao. That order also provided a procedure for the parties to request written testimony from witnesses who are not able to travel to Macao on those dates. On June 28, 2021, theThe U.S. Defendants sought clarification ofappealed certain aspects of that ruling concerning procedures for written testimony and appealed aspects of that ruling setting limits on written testimony, imposing a deadline for in-person testimony, and rejecting the U.S. Defendants’ request to have witnesses testify via video conference. On July 9, 2021, the Macao Judicial Court issued an order clarifying the procedure for written testimony. The U.S. Defendants’ appeal on the remainder of the Macao Judicial Court’s June 17, 2021 order, and that appeal is currently pending.
On July 10, 2021, the U.S. Defendants were notified of an invoice for supplemental court fees totaling 93 million patacas (approximately $12 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2022)2023) based on Plaintiff’s
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
July 15, 2019 amendment of its claim amount.amendment. By motion dated July 20, 2021, the U.S. Defendants moved the Macao Judicial Court for an order withdrawing that invoice on the grounds that it was procedurally improper and conflicted with rights guaranteed in Macao’s Basic Law.invoice. The Macao Judicial Court denied that motion by order dated September 11, 2021. The U.S. Defendants appealed that order on September 23, 2021, and that appeal is currently pending. By order dated September 29, 2021, the Macao Judicial Court ordered that the invoice for supplemental court fees be stayed pending resolution of that appeal.
On September 6, 2021, Plaintiff notified the Macao Judicial Court that it would not be bringing any additional witnesses to testify in-person on the scheduled hearing dates. In submissions dated September 6 and September 20, 2021, the U.S. Defendants notified the Macao Judicial Court that certain witnesses were unable to attend the September hearing dates due to ongoing travel restrictions related to the COVID-19 Pandemic. By orders dated September 11 and September 23, 2021, the Macao Judicial Court cancelled the various hearing dates scheduled in September.
The Macao Judicial Court heard additional testimony on October 8, 11, and 15, and December 14 and 15,in late 2021. Certain witnesses who were not able to enter Macao due to ongoing COVID-19 travel restrictions presented testimony in writing. On December 15, 2021, the U.S. Defendants sought to initiate a proceeding to impeach the testimony of certain witnesses offered by Plaintiff, and the Macao Judicial Court admitted that incident and ordered Plaintiff to produce its shareholder registry. By notice dated December 16, 2021, Plaintiff appealed the order to produce its shareholder registry, and that appeal is currently pending.
From December 17, 2021 to January 19, 2022, Plaintiff submitted additional documents to the court file and disclosed written reports from two purported experts, who calculated Plaintiff’s damages at 57.88 billion patacas and 62.29 billion patacas (approximately $7.18$7.16 billion and $7.73$7.70 billion, respectively, at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2022)2023). In response, the U.S. Defendants moved to exclude those materials or,The parties presented factual and rebuttal summations in the alternative, to require additional testimony from relevant witnesses. By order dated January 19, 2022 the Macao Judicial Court denied the U.S. Defendants’ motion and ruled that the materials could be included in the court file with the probative value of their contents to be determined by the Court.
Plaintiff presented its factual summation on January 21, 2022. On January 26, 2022, the U.S. Defendants presented their factual summation, and Plaintiff and the U.S. Defendants presented rebuttal summations. The Macao Judicial Court announced its proposed findings on disputed facts at a February 15, 2022 hearing. The Plaintiff filed its briefpost-trial briefs on points of law with the Macao Judicial Court onin March 1, 2022, and the U.S. Defendants filed their brief on points of law on March 10, 2022. On April 28, 2022, the Macao Judicial Court entered a judgment for the U.S. Defendants. The Macao Judicial Court also held that Plaintiff litigated certain aspects of its case in bad faith.
Plaintiff filed a notice of appeal from the Macao Judicial Court’s judgment on May 13, 2022. That appeal is fully briefed and remains pending with the Macao Second Instance Court.
On September 19, 2022, the U.S. Defendants were notified of an invoice for appeal court fees totaling 48 million patacas (approximately $6 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023). By motion dated September 29, 2022, the U.S. Defendants moved the Macao Judicial Court for an order withdrawing that invoice. The Macao Judicial Court denied that motion by order dated October 24, 2022. The U.S. Defendants appealed that order on November 10, 2022, and that appeal remains pending. By order dated November 15, 2022, the Macao Judicial Court ordered that the invoice for appeal court fees be stayed pending resolution of that appeal.
Management has determined that, based on proceedings to date, it is currently unable to determine the probability of the outcome of this matter or the range of reasonably possible loss, if any. The Company intends to defend this matter vigorously.
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(UNAUDITED)
The Daniels Family 2001 Revocable Trust v. LVSC, et al.
On October 22, 2020, The Daniels Family 2001 Revocable Trust, a putative purchaser of the Company’s shares, filed a purported class action complaint in the U.S. District Court against LVSC, Sheldon G. Adelson and Patrick Dumont. The complaint asserts violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) and alleges that LVSC made materially false or misleading statements, or failed to disclose material facts, from February 27, 2016 through September 15, 2020, with respect to its operations at the Marina Bay Sands, its compliance with Singapore laws and regulations, and its disclosure controls and procedures. On January 5, 2021, the U.S. District Court entered an order appointing Carl S. Ciaccio and Donald M. DeSalvo as lead plaintiffs (“Lead Plaintiffs”). On March 8, 2021, Lead Plaintiffs filed a purported class action amended complaint against LVSC, Sheldon G. Adelson, Patrick Dumont, and Robert G. Goldstein, alleging similar violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act over the same time period of February 27, 2016 through September 15, 2020. On March 22, 2021, the U.S. District Court granted Lead Plaintiffs’ motion to substitute Dr. Miriam Adelson, in her capacity as the Special Administrator for the estate of Sheldon G. Adelson, for Sheldon G. Adelson as a defendant in this action. On May 7, 2021, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint. Lead Plaintiffs filed an opposition to the motion to dismiss on July 6, 2021, and the defendants filed their reply on August 5, 2021. On March 28, 2022, the U.S. District Court entered an order dismissing the amended complaint in its entirety. The U.S. District Court dismissed certain claims with prejudice but granted Lead Plaintiffs leave to amend the complaint with respect to the other claims by April 18, 2022. On April 8, 2022, Lead Plaintiffs filed a
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
Motion for Reconsideration and to Extend Time to File the Amended Complaint, requesting the U.S. District Court to reconsider certain aspects of its March 28, 2022 order and to extend the deadline for Lead Plaintiffs to file an amended complaint. The defendants filed an opposition to the motion on April 22, 2022. On April 18, 2022, Lead Plaintiffs filed a second amended complaint. On May 18, 2022, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the second amended complaint. Lead Plaintiffs filed an opposition to the motion to dismiss on June 17, 2022, and the defendants filed their reply on July 8, 2022. This action is in a preliminary stage and management has determined that based on proceedings to date, it is currently unable to determine the probability of the outcome of this matter or the range of reasonably possible loss, if any. The Company intends to defend this matter vigorously.
Turesky v. Sheldon G. Adelson, et al.
On December 28, 2020, Andrew Turesky filed a putative shareholder derivative action on behalf of the Company in the U.S. District Court, against Sheldon G. Adelson, Patrick Dumont, Robert G. Goldstein, Irwin Chafetz, Micheline Chau, Charles D. Forman, Steven L. Gerard, George Jamieson, Charles A. Koppelman, Lewis Kramer and David F. Levi, all of whom are current or former directors and/or officers of LVSC. The complaint asserts claims for breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, waste of corporate assets, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, violations of Sections 10(b), 14(a) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act and for contribution under Sections 10(b) and 21D of the Exchange Act. On February 24, 2021, the U.S. District Court entered an order granting the parties’ stipulation to stay this action in light of the Daniels Family 2001 Revocable Trust putative securities class action (the “Securities Action”). Subject to the terms of the parties’ stipulation, this action is stayed until 30 days after the final resolution of the motion to dismiss in the Securities Action. On March 11, 2021, the U.S. District Court granted the plaintiff’s motion to substitute Dr. Miriam Adelson, in her capacity as the Special Administrator for the estate of Sheldon G. Adelson, for Sheldon G. Adelson as a defendant in this action. This action is in a preliminary stage and management has determined that based on proceedings to date, it is currently unable to determine the probability of the outcome of this matter or the range of reasonably possible loss, if any. The Company intends to defend this matter vigorously.
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
Note 119 — Segment Information
The Company’s principal operating and developmental activities occur in two geographic areas: Macao and Singapore. The Company reviews the results of operations and construction and development activities for each of its operating segments: The Venetian Macao; The Londoner Macao; The Parisian Macao; The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao; Sands Macao; and Marina Bay Sands. The Company also reviews construction and development activities for its primary projects under development, in addition to its reportable segments noted above, which include the renovation and expansion of the Company’s MICE entertainment and retail product in Macao and the MBS Expansion Project. The Company has included Ferry Operations and Other (comprised primarily of the Company’s ferry operations and various other operations that are ancillary to its properties in Macao) and Corporate and Other to reconcile to the condensed consolidated results of operations and financial condition. The operations that comprised the Company’s former Las Vegas Operating Properties reportable business segment were classified as a discontinued operation and the information below for the three months ended March 31, 2022, and 2021, excludes these results.
The Company’s segment information as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 is as follows:
CasinoRoomsFood and BeverageMallConvention, Retail and OtherNet Revenues
(In millions)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Macao:
The Venetian Macao$446 $39 $13 $51 $$558 
The Londoner Macao198 55 14 14 283 
The Parisian Macao128 28 174 
The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao109 20 36 172 
Sands Macao67 — — 74 
Ferry Operations and Other— — — — 18 18 
948 146 45 109 31 1,279 
Marina Bay Sands593 97 79 53 26 848 
Intercompany royalties— — — — 48 48 
Intercompany eliminations(1)
— — — — (55)(55)
Total net revenues$1,541 $243 $124 $162 $50 $2,120 
23
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
The Company’s segment information as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, and for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 is as follows:
CasinoRoomsFood and BeverageMallConvention, Retail and OtherNet Revenues
(In millions)
CasinoRoomsFood and BeverageMallConvention, Retail and OtherNet Revenues
(In millions)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022Three Months Ended March 31, 2022Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Macao:Macao:Macao:
The Venetian MacaoThe Venetian Macao$157 $16 $$44 $$227 The Venetian Macao$157 $16 $$44 $$227 
The Londoner MacaoThe Londoner Macao79 19 14 121 The Londoner Macao79 19 14 121 
The Parisian MacaoThe Parisian Macao51 11 74 The Parisian Macao51 11 74 
The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons MacaoThe Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao55 34 — 102 The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao55 34 — 102 
Sands MacaoSands Macao17 — — 20 Sands Macao17 — — 20 
Ferry Operations and OtherFerry Operations and Other— — — — Ferry Operations and Other— — — — 
359 57 22 100 13 551 359 57 22 100 13 551 
Marina Bay SandsMarina Bay Sands268 38 31 49 13 399 Marina Bay Sands268 38 31 49 13 399 
Intercompany royaltiesIntercompany royalties— — — — 22 22 Intercompany royalties— — — — 22 22 
Intercompany eliminations(1)
Intercompany eliminations(1)
— — — — (29)(29)
Intercompany eliminations(1)
— — — — (29)(29)
Total net revenuesTotal net revenues$627 $95 $53 $149 $19 $943 Total net revenues$627 $95 $53 $149 $19 $943 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Macao:
The Venetian Macao$266 $19 $$46 $$340 
The Londoner Macao91 19 14 137 
The Parisian Macao59 12 10 87 
The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao115 11 39 170 
Sands Macao31 — — 35 
Ferry Operations and Other— — — — 
562 64 23 109 19 777 
Marina Bay Sands303 32 33 47 11 426 
Intercompany royalties— — — — 25 25 
Intercompany eliminations(1)
— — — — (32)(32)
Total net revenues$865 $96 $56 $156 $23 $1,196 
____________________
(1)Intercompany eliminations include royalties and other intercompany services.

Three Months Ended
March 31,
20232022
(In millions)
Intersegment Revenues
Macao:
The Venetian Macao$$
Ferry Operations and Other
Intercompany royalties48 22 
Total intersegment revenues$55 $29 
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
20222021
(In millions)
Intersegment Revenues
Macao:
The Venetian Macao$$
Ferry Operations and Other
Marina Bay Sands— 
Intercompany royalties22 25 
Total intersegment revenues$29 $32 

Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2022202120232022
(In millions)(In millions)
Adjusted Property EBITDAAdjusted Property EBITDAAdjusted Property EBITDA
Macao:Macao:Macao:
The Venetian MacaoThe Venetian Macao$19 $82 The Venetian Macao$210 $19 
The Londoner MacaoThe Londoner Macao(33)(23)The Londoner Macao56 (33)
The Parisian MacaoThe Parisian Macao(11)(8)The Parisian Macao46 (11)
The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons MacaoThe Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao32 70 The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao75 32 
Sands MacaoSands Macao(17)(18)Sands Macao10 (17)
Ferry Operations and OtherFerry Operations and Other(1)(3)Ferry Operations and Other(1)
(11)100 398 (11)
Marina Bay SandsMarina Bay Sands121 144 Marina Bay Sands394 121 
Consolidated adjusted property EBITDA(1)
Consolidated adjusted property EBITDA(1)
110 244 
Consolidated adjusted property EBITDA(1)
792 110 
Other Operating Costs and ExpensesOther Operating Costs and ExpensesOther Operating Costs and Expenses
Stock-based compensation(2)
Stock-based compensation(2)
(5)(5)
Stock-based compensation(2)
(11)(5)
CorporateCorporate(59)(49)Corporate(57)(59)
Pre-openingPre-opening(4)(5)Pre-opening(2)(4)
DevelopmentDevelopment(60)(9)Development(42)(60)
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization(264)(255)Depreciation and amortization(274)(264)
Amortization of leasehold interests in landAmortization of leasehold interests in land(14)(14)Amortization of leasehold interests in land(14)(14)
Loss on disposal or impairment of assetsLoss on disposal or impairment of assets(6)(3)Loss on disposal or impairment of assets(14)(6)
Operating loss(302)(96)
Operating income (loss)Operating income (loss)378 (302)
Other Non-Operating Costs and ExpensesOther Non-Operating Costs and ExpensesOther Non-Operating Costs and Expenses
Interest incomeInterest incomeInterest income70 
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalizedInterest expense, net of amounts capitalized(156)(154)Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(218)(156)
Other expenseOther expense(22)(17)Other expense(35)(22)
Income tax expenseIncome tax expense(2)(14)Income tax expense(50)(2)
Net loss from continuing operations$(478)$(280)
Net income (loss) from continuing operationsNet income (loss) from continuing operations$145 $(478)
____________________
(1)Consolidated adjusted property EBITDA, which is a non-GAAP financial measure, is net income (loss) from continuing operations before stock-based compensation expense, corporate expense, pre-opening expense, development expense, depreciation and amortization, amortization of leasehold interests in land, gain or loss on disposal or impairment of assets, interest, other income or expense, gain or loss on modification or early retirement of debt and income taxes.
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
Consolidated adjusted property EBITDA is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure used by management, as well as industry analysts, to evaluate operations and operating performance. In particular, management utilizes consolidated adjusted property EBITDA to compare the operating profitability of its operations with those of its competitors, as well as a basis for determining certain incentive compensation. Integrated Resort companies have historically reported adjusted property EBITDA as a supplemental performance measure to GAAP financial measures. In order to view the operations of their properties on a more stand-alone basis, Integrated Resort companies, including Las Vegas Sands Corp., have historically excluded certain expenses that do not relate to the management of specific properties, such as pre-opening expense, development expense and corporate expense, from their adjusted property EBITDA calculations. Consolidated adjusted property EBITDA should not be interpreted as an alternative to income from operations (as an indicator of operating performance) or to cash flows from operations (as a measure of liquidity), in each case, as determined in accordance with GAAP. The Company has significant uses of cash flow, including capital expenditures, dividend payments, interest payments, debt principal repayments and income taxes, which are not reflected in consolidated adjusted property EBITDA. Not all companies calculate adjusted property EBITDA in the same manner. As a result, consolidated adjusted property EBITDA as presented by the Company may not be directly comparable to similarly titled measures presented by other companies.
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(UNAUDITED)
(2)During the three months ended March 31, 20222023 and 2021,2022, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $14$22 million and $7$14 million, respectively, of which $9$11 million and $2$9 million, respectively, was included in corporate expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2022202120232022
(In millions)(In millions)
Capital ExpendituresCapital ExpendituresCapital Expenditures
Corporate and OtherCorporate and Other$$— Corporate and Other$13 $
Macao:Macao:Macao:
The Venetian MacaoThe Venetian Macao14 22 The Venetian Macao11 14 
The Londoner MacaoThe Londoner Macao67 238 The Londoner Macao24 67 
The Parisian Macao— 
The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons MacaoThe Plaza Macao and Four Seasons MacaoThe Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao
Sands MacaoSands MacaoSands Macao
84 268 38 84 
Marina Bay SandsMarina Bay Sands50 23 Marina Bay Sands115 50 
Total capital expendituresTotal capital expenditures$137 $291 Total capital expenditures$166 $137 
March 31,
2022
December 31,
2021
March 31,
2023
December 31,
2022
(In millions)(In millions)
Total AssetsTotal AssetsTotal Assets
Corporate and OtherCorporate and Other$7,257 $1,357 Corporate and Other$5,594 $5,422 
Macao:Macao:Macao:
The Venetian MacaoThe Venetian Macao1,935 2,087 The Venetian Macao2,614 2,135 
The Londoner MacaoThe Londoner Macao4,410 4,494 The Londoner Macao4,488 4,489 
The Parisian MacaoThe Parisian Macao1,907 1,962 The Parisian Macao1,870 1,828 
The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons MacaoThe Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao1,073 1,145 The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao1,065 1,020 
Sands MacaoSands Macao225 253 Sands Macao283 208 
Ferry Operations and OtherFerry Operations and Other142 132 Ferry Operations and Other748 870 
9,692 10,073 11,068 10,550 
Marina Bay SandsMarina Bay Sands5,298 5,326 Marina Bay Sands6,053 6,067 
Total assetsTotal assets$22,247 $16,756 Total assets$22,715 $22,039 
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
ITEM 2 — MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by, the condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto, and other financial information included in this Form 10-Q. Certain statements in this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” are forward-looking statements. See “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”
Operations
We view each of our Integrated Resort properties as an operating segment. Our operating segments in Macao consist of The Venetian Macao; The Londoner Macao; The Parisian Macao; The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao; and the Sands Macao. Our operating segment in Singapore is Marina Bay Sands.
On February 23, 2022, we closedMacao
From 2020 through the salebeginning of 2023, our Las Vegas real property and operations including The Venetian Resort Las Vegas and the Sands Expo and Convention Center (the “Las Vegas Operations”). At closing, we received approximately $5.05 billion in cash proceeds, before transaction costs and working capital adjustments of $80 million, and recognized a gain on disposal of $3.61 billion, before income tax expense of $750 million, during the three months ended March 31, 2022.
COVID-19 Pandemic Update
In early January 2020, an outbreak of a respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) was identified and the disease has since spread rapidly across the world causing the World Health Organization to declare the outbreak of a pandemic on March 12, 2020 (the “COVID-19 Pandemic”). Governments around the world mandated actions to contain the spread of the virus that included stay-at-home orders, quarantines, capacity limits, closures of non-essential businesses and significant restrictions on travel. The government actions varied based upon a number of factors, including the extent and severity of the COVID-19 Pandemic within their respective countries and jurisdictions.
Visitation to the Macao Special Administrative Region (“Macao”) of the People’s Republic of China (“China”) has remained substantially below pre-COVID-19 levels as a result of various government policies limiting or discouraging travel. During February 2022, vaccination requirements for arrivals from certain destinations were tightened. As of the date of this report, other than people from mainland China who in general may enter Macao without quarantine subject to them holding the appropriate travel documents, a negative COVID-19 test result issued within a specified time period and a green health-code, there remains in place a complete ban on entry or a need to undergo various quarantine requirements depending on the person’s residency and recent travel history.Our operations in Macao will continue to be impacted and subject to changes in the government policies of Macao, China, Hong Kong and other jurisdictions in Asia addressing travel and public health measures associated with COVID-19.
Various health safeguards implemented by the Macao government remain in place, including mandatory mask protection, limitation on the number of seats per table game, slot machine spacing and temperature checks. Management is currently unable to determine when the remaining measures will be eased or cease to be necessary.
As of the date of this report, most businesses are allowed to remain open, subject to social distancing and health code checking requirements as designated by the Macao government. In January 2022, the Macao government commenced the roll out of a non-mandatory contact tracing QR code function at a range of businesses including government buildings, restaurants, hotels and other public venues.
As with prior periods, in support of the Macao government’s initiatives to fight the COVID-19 Pandemic, we provided one tower at the Sheraton Grand Macao to the Macao government to house individuals who returned to Macao for quarantine purposes at various times.
Our Macao gaming operations remained open during the three months ended March 31, 2022. Guest visitation to the properties, however, has been adversely affected during the three months ended March 31, 2022 due to outbreaks in Hong Kong in late January and early February 2022 and in Guangdong province in March 2022,
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resulting in tighter travel restrictions. Operating hours at restaurants across our Macao properties are continuously being adjusted in line with fluctuations in guest visitation. The majority of retail outlets in our various shopping malls are open with reduced operating hours. The timing and manner in which these areas will return to full operation are currently unknown.
Our ferry operations between Macao and Hong Kong remain suspended. The timing and manner in which our ferry operations will be able to resume are currently unknown.
Our Macao operations have been significantlywere negatively impacted by the reducedreduction in travel and tourism related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Macao government's policy regarding the management of COVID-19 and general travel restrictions was relaxed in late December 2022 and early January 2023. Since then, visitation to Macao. our Macao Integrated Resorts and operations have improved.
The Macao government announced total visitation from mainland China to Macao increased approximately 9.9%59.5% and decreased 76.9%approximately 60.6%, during the threetwo months ended March 31, 2022,February 28, 2023 (the latest statistics currently available), as compared to the same period in 20212022 and 2019 (pre-pandemic), respectively. The Macao government also announced gross gaming revenue increased approximately 94.9% and decreased approximately 24.8% and 76.7%54.5%, during the three months ended March 31, 2022,2023, as compared to the same period in 20212022 and 2019, respectively.
InSingapore
From 2020 through early 2022, our operations in Singapore Vaccinated Travel Lanes (“VTLs”) were introduced for a number of key source marketsnegatively impacted by the reduction in Novembertravel and December of 2021 for vaccinated visitors with a negative COVID-19 test. Duetourism related to the emergence ofCOVID-19 pandemic. However, the Omicron variant, however, new ticket sales for the VTLs were suspended on December 23, 2021 through January 20, 2022. The VTL program was terminated on March 31, 2022, and the VaccinationVaccinated Travel Framework (“VTF”) was, launched onin April 1, 2022, to facilitatefacilitated the resumption of travel for all travelers, including short-term visitors. Under the VTF, all fully vaccinated travelersvisitors, which has had and non-fully vaccinated children aged 12 and below are permittedcontinues to enter Singapore, without entry approvals or taking VTL transport. Operationshave a positive impact on operations at Marina Bay Sands will continue to be impactedSands. Airlift passenger movement has increased with 8.37 million passengers having passed through Singapore's Changi Airport in January and subject to changes in the government policiesFebruary 2023 (the latest statistics currently available), an increase of Singapore488% and other jurisdictions in Asia addressing travel and public health measures associated with COVID-19.
Under the VTF program, all countries or regions will be classified under a “general travel” or “restricted” category, and individual travelers will be assigned border measures based on their vaccination status. This allows all fully vaccinated travelers from any country or region to enter Singapore quarantine-free, as long as they have not visited any countries or regions listed as a restricted category in the past seven days. There are currently no countries or regions on the restricted category list; however, this government policy may be adjusted in line with any developmentsdecrease of 22% compared to the localsame period in 2022 and global COVID-19 situation.2019, respectively.
Visitation to Marina Bay Sands continues to be impacted byimprove since the effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic.travel restrictions have been lifted. The Singapore Tourism Board (“STB”) announced total visitation to Singapore increased from approximately 246,000 in 2022 to 2.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, total visitation to Singapore increased from approximately 69,000 to 246,000, or 258.2%, as compared to the same period in 2021,2023, while visitation decreased 94.8%,37.9% when compared to the same period in 2019.
At our Macao properties and Marina Bay Sands, we are adhering to social distancing requirements, which include reduced seating at table games and a decreased number of active slot machines onSummary
While the casino floor compared to pre-COVID-19 levels. Additionally, there is uncertainty whether the impact ofdisruptions arising from the COVID-19 Pandemicpandemic have subsided, given the dynamic nature of these circumstances, the potential future impact on operations will continue in future periods. If our Integrated Resorts are not permitted to resume normal operations, travel restrictions such as those related to inbound travel from other countries are not modified or eliminated, there is a resumptionconsolidated results of the suspension of the China Individual Visit Scheme, or the global response to contain the COVID-19 Pandemic escalates or is unsuccessful, our operations, cash flows and financial condition will be further materially impacted.
While our Macao and Singapore properties were open and operating at reduced levels due to lower visitation and required safety measures in place as described above during the three months ended March 31, 2022, the current economic and regulatory environment on a global basis and in each of our jurisdictions continues to evolve. We cannot predict the manner in which governments will react as the global and regional impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic changes over time, which could significantly alter our current operations.
Weis uncertain. However, we have a strong balance sheet and sufficient liquidity in place, including total cash and cash equivalents balance, excluding restrictedunrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $6.43$6.53 billion and access to $1.50 billion,, $1.54 billion $537 million and $438$444 million of available borrowing capacity from our LVSC Revolving Facility, 2018 SCL Revolving Facility and 2012 Singapore Revolving Facility, respectively, as of March 31, 2022. 2023.We believe we are able to support continuing operations and complete theour major construction projects that are underway and respond to the current COVID-19 Pandemic challenges. We have taken various mitigating measures to manage through the currentunderway.
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environment, including a cost and capital expenditure reduction program to minimize cash outflow for non-essential items.
Macao Subconcession
Gaming in Macao is administered by the government through concession agreements awarded to three different concessionaires and three subconcessionaires, of which Venetian Macau Limited (“VML,” a subsidiary of Sands China Ltd.) is one. These concession agreements expire on June 26, 2022. If VML’s subconcession is not extended or renewed, VML may be prohibited from conducting gaming operations in Macao, and VML could cease to generate revenues from the gaming operations when the subconcession agreement expires on June 26, 2022. In addition, all of VML’s casino premises and gaming-related equipment could be automatically transferred to the Macao government without any compensation to VML.
On January 18, 2022, the Macao Legislative Assembly published a draft bill entitled Amendment to Law No. 16/2001 to amend Macao’s gaming law (the “Gaming Law”). Certain changes to the Gaming Law set out in the draft bill include a reduction in the term of future gaming concessions to ten (10) years; authorization of up to six (6) gaming concession contracts; an increase in the minimum capital contribution of concessionaires to 5 billion patacas (approximately $620 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2022); an increase in the percentage of the share capital of the concessionaire that must be held by the local managing director to 15%; a requirement that casinos be located in real estate owned by the concessionaire; and a prohibition of revenue sharing arrangements between gaming promoters and concessionaires.
On March 3, 2022, the Macao government announced its intention to extend the term of Macao’s six concession and subconcession contracts from June 26, 2022 until December 31, 2022 in order to ensure sufficient time to complete the amendment to the Gaming Law and conduct a public tender for the awarding of new gaming concessions. The Macao government invited VML to submit a formal request for an extension along with a commitment to pay the Macao government up to 47 million patacas (approximately $6 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2022) and provide a bank guarantee to secure the fulfillment of VML’s payment obligations towards its employees should VML be unsuccessful in tendering for a new concession contract after its subconcession expires. VML submitted its request for an extension on March 14, 2022. The extension of VML’s subconcession is subject to approval by the Macao government as well as entering into a subconcession amendment contract with Galaxy Casino Company Limited.
We are actively monitoring developments with respect to the Macao government’s Gaming Law amendment and concession renewal process and we continue to believe we will be successful in extending the term of our subconcession and/or obtaining a new gaming concession when our current subconcession expires; however, it is possible the Macao government could further change or interpret the associated gaming laws in a manner that could negatively impact us.
Under our Sands China Ltd. (“SCL”) senior notes indentures (as defined below), upon the occurrence of any event resulting from any change in the Gaming Law (as defined in the indentures) or any action by the gaming authority after which none of SCL or any of its subsidiaries own or manage casino or gaming areas or operate casino games of fortune and chance in Macao in substantially the same manner as they were owning or managing casino or gaming areas or operating casino games as at the issue date of the senior notes, for a period of 30 consecutive days or more, and such event has a material adverse effect on the financial condition, business, properties or results of operations of SCL and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, each holder of the SCL senior notes would have the right to require us to repurchase all or any part of such holder’s SCL senior notes at par, plus any accrued and unpaid interest (the “Investor Put Option”).
Additionally, under the 2018 SCL Credit Facility, the events that trigger an Investor Put Option under the SCL senior notes (as described above) would be an event of default, which may result in commitments being immediately cancelled, in whole or in part, and the related outstanding balances and accrued interest, if any, becoming immediately due and payable.
The subconcession not being extended or renewed and the potential impact if holders of the notes and the agent have the ability to, and make the election to, accelerate the repayment of our debt would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. We intend to follow the process for a concession renewal once the process and requirements are announced by the Macao government.
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Marina Bay Sands Gaming License
In April 2022, we paid 72 million Singapore dollars ("SGD," approximately $53 million at exchange rates in effect at the time of the transaction) to the Singapore Casino Regulatory Authority as part of the process to renew its gaming license at Marina Bay Sands, which will now expire in April 2025.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
For a discussion of our significant accounting policies and estimates, please refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” presented in our 20212022 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 4, 2022.3, 2023.
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There were no newly identified significant accounting estimates during the three months ended March 31, 2022,2023, nor were there any material changes to the critical accounting policies and estimates discussed in our 20212022 Annual Report.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See related disclosure at “Item 1 — Financial Statements — Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — Note 1 — Organization and Business of Company — Recent Accounting Pronouncements.”
Operating Results
Key Operating Revenue Measurements
Operating revenues at The Venetian Macao, The Londoner Macao, The Parisian Macao, The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao and Marina Bay Sands and our Las Vegas Operating Properties, prior to its sale on February 23, 2022, wereare dependent upon the volume of patrons who stay at the hotel, which affects the price charged for hotel rooms and our gaming volume. Operating revenues at Sands Macao are principally driven by the volume of gaming patrons who visit the property on a daily basis.
Management utilizes the following volume and pricing measures in order to evaluate past performance and assist in forecasting future revenues. The various volume measurements indicate our ability to attract patrons to our Integrated Resorts. In casino operations, win and hold percentages indicate the amount of revenue to be expected based on volume. In hotel operations, average daily rate and revenue per available room indicate the demand for rooms and our ability to capture that demand. In mall operations, base rent per square foot indicates our ability to attract and maintain profitable tenants for our leasable space.
The following are the key measurements we use to evaluate operating revenues:
Casino revenue measurements for Macao and Singapore: Macao and Singapore table games are segregated into two groups: Rolling Chip play (composed of VIP players) and Non-Rolling Chip play (mostly non-VIP players). The volume measurement for Rolling Chip play is non-negotiable gaming chips wagered and lost. The volume measurement for Non-Rolling Chip play is table games drop (“drop”), which is net markers issued (credit instruments), cash deposited in the table drop boxes and gaming chips purchased and exchanged at the cage. Rolling Chip and Non-Rolling Chip volume measurements are not comparable as they are two distinct measures of volume. The amounts wagered and lost for Rolling Chip play are substantially higher than the amounts dropped for Non-Rolling Chip play. Slot handle, also a volume measurement, is the gross amount wagered for the period cited.
We view Rolling Chip win as a percentage of Rolling Chip volume, Non-Rolling Chip win as a percentage of drop and slot hold (amount won by the casino) as a percentage of slot handle. Win or hold percentage represents the percentage of Rolling Chip volume, Non-Rolling Chip drop or slot handle that is won by the casino and recorded as casino revenue. Our win and hold percentages are calculated before discounts, commissions, deferring revenue associated with our loyalty programs and allocating casino revenues related to goods and services provided to patrons on a complimentary basis. Our Rolling Chip table games are expected to produce a win percentage of 3.15% to 3.45% in Macao and Singapore, and our Non-Rolling Chip table games have produced a trailing 12-month win percentage of 26.8%24.6%, 21.7%22.0%, 22.7%23.2%, 23.8%23.0%, 18.2%17.3% and 14.8%18.8% at The Venetian Macao, The Londoner Macao, The Parisian Macao, The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao, Sands Macao and Marina Bay Sands, respectively. Our slot machines have produced a trailing 12-month hold percentage of 3.7%4.4%, 3.7%3.9%, 3.2%4.1%, 5.9%9.1%, 3.0%3.4% and 4.2%4.3% at The Venetian Macao, The Londoner Macao, The Parisian Macao, The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao, Sands
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Macao and Marina Bay Sands, respectively. Actual win and hold percentages may vary from our expected win percentage and the trailing 12-month win and hold percentages. Generally, slot machine play is conducted on a cash basis. In Macao and Singapore, 11.0%10.5% and 7.3%14.0%, respectively, of our table games play was conducted on a credit basis for the three months ended March 31, 2022.
Casino revenue measurements for the U.S.: The volume measurements in the U.S. were slot handle, as previously described, and table games drop, which was the total amount of cash and net markers issued (credit instruments) deposited in the table drop box. We view table games win as a percentage of drop and slot hold as a percentage of slot handle. Our win and hold percentages were calculated before discounts, commissions, deferring revenue associated with our loyalty programs and allocating casino revenues related to goods and services provided to patrons on a complimentary basis. Based upon our mix of table games, our table games were expected to produce a win percentage of 18% to 26% for Baccarat and 16% to 24% for non-Baccarat. Our slot machines have produced a trailing 12-month hold percentage of 8.5%. Actual win and hold percentages may vary from our expected win percentage and the trailing 12-month win and hold percentages. Similar to Macao and Singapore, slot machine play was generally conducted on a cash basis.2023.
Hotel revenue measurements: Performance indicators used are occupancy rate (a volume indicator), which is the average percentage of available hotel rooms occupied during a period and average daily room rate (“ADR,” a price indicator), which is the average price of occupied rooms per day. Available rooms exclude those rooms unavailable for occupancy during the period due to renovation, development or other requirements (such as government mandated closure, lodging for team members and usage by the Macao government for quarantine measures). The calculations of the occupancy rate and ADR include the impact of rooms provided on a complimentary basis. Revenue per available room (“RevPAR”) represents a summary of hotel ADR and occupancy.
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Because not all available rooms are occupied, ADR is normally higher than RevPAR. Reserved rooms where the guests do not show up for their stay and lose their deposit, or where guests check out early, may be re-sold to walk-in guests.
Mall revenue measurements: Occupancy, base rent per square foot and tenant sales per square foot are used as performance indicators. Occupancy represents gross leasable occupied area (“GLOA”) divided by gross leasable area (“GLA”) at the end of the reporting period. GLOA is the sum of: (1) tenant occupied space under lease and (2) tenants no longer occupying space, but paying rent. GLA does not include space currently under development or not on the market for lease. Base rent per square foot is the weighted average base or minimum rent charge in effect at the end of the reporting period for all tenants that would qualify to be included in occupancy. Tenant sales per square foot is the reported comparable sales for the trailing 12 months divided by the comparable square footage for the same period. Only tenants that have been open for a minimum of 12 months are included in the tenant sales per square foot calculation.
Three Months Ended March 31, 20222023 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 20212022
Summary Financial Results
Our financial results were adversely impacted as a result of decreasedIn late December 2022 and early January 2023, the China, Macao and Hong Kong governments lifted most COVID-19 restrictions, which resulted in increased visitation at our properties due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, as tighter border restrictions were introduced as a result of increased positive COVID-19 cases in Macao and the surrounding regions. See “COVID-19 Pandemic” for further information. In April 2022, COVID-19 restrictions in Singapore were eased, which resulted in increased visitation to Marina Bay Sands.
Net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2022,2023, were $943 million,$2.12 billion, compared to $1.20 billion$943 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. Operating income was $378 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to an operating loss wasof $302 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to $962022. Net income from continuing operations was $145 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Net2023, compared to a net loss from continuing operations wasof $478 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to $280 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021.
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more borders and elimination of most pandemic-related restrictions in Macao and elimination of restrictions in Singapore positively impacted our financial results.
Operating Revenues
Our net revenues consisted of the following:
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021Percent
Change
20232022Percent
Change
(Dollars in millions)(Dollars in millions)
CasinoCasino$627 $865 (27.5)%Casino$1,541 $627 145.8 %
RoomsRooms95 96 (1.0)%Rooms243 95 155.8 %
Food and beverageFood and beverage53 56 (5.4)%Food and beverage124 53 134.0 %
MallMall149 156 (4.5)%Mall162 149 8.7 %
Convention, retail and otherConvention, retail and other19 23 (17.4)%Convention, retail and other50 19 163.2 %
Total net revenuesTotal net revenues$943 $1,196 (21.2)%Total net revenues$2,120 $943 124.8 %
Consolidated net revenues were $2.12 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2023, an increase of $1.18 billion compared to $943 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, a decrease of $253 million compared to $1.20 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. The decrease isincrease was due to a $227increases of $728 million decreaseand $449 million at our Macao operations and a $26 million decrease at Marina Bay Sands. The decrease at our Macao operations was due to decreased visitation compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021, as tighter border restrictions were introduced in late January and increased over the course of the first quarter as a result of increased positive COVID-19 cases in the region. The $26 million decrease at Marina Bay Sands, was primarily due to lower local visitation.respectively.

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Net casino revenues decreasedincreased $238914 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. The changeincrease was driven by a$203due to increases of $589 million decreaseand $325 million at our Macao operations dueand Marina Bay Sands, respectively. The elimination of COVID-19 restrictions in Macao beginning in late December 2022 and elimination of restrictions in April 2022 in Singapore led to lowerincreased visitation across our properties resulting in decreasedand table games and slot volumes. Casino revenues at Marina Bay Sands decreased $35 million due to a decrease in Rolling Chip win percentage and slot handle, driven by a decrease in local patron play. The following table summarizes the results of our casino activity:
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021Change 20232022Change
(Dollars in millions) (Dollars in millions)
Macao Operations:Macao Operations:Macao Operations:
The Venetian MacaoThe Venetian MacaoThe Venetian Macao
Total net casino revenuesTotal net casino revenues$157 $266 (41.0)%Total net casino revenues$446 $157 184.1 %
Non-Rolling Chip dropNon-Rolling Chip drop$636 $908 (30.0)%Non-Rolling Chip drop$1,769 $636 178.1 %
Non-Rolling Chip win percentageNon-Rolling Chip win percentage24.9 %27.4 %(2.5)ptsNon-Rolling Chip win percentage23.6 %24.9 %(1.3)pts
Rolling Chip volumeRolling Chip volume$720 $1,231 (41.5)%Rolling Chip volume$1,254 $720 74.2 %
Rolling Chip win percentageRolling Chip win percentage3.25 %4.43 %(1.18)ptsRolling Chip win percentage5.03 %3.25 %1.8 pts
Slot handleSlot handle$423 $462 (8.4)%Slot handle$1,050 $423 148.2 %
Slot hold percentageSlot hold percentage3.0 %4.0 %(1.0)ptsSlot hold percentage4.4 %3.0 %1.4 pts
The Londoner MacaoThe Londoner MacaoThe Londoner Macao
Total net casino revenuesTotal net casino revenues$79 $91 (13.2)%Total net casino revenues$198 $79 150.6 %
Non-Rolling Chip dropNon-Rolling Chip drop$354 $408 (13.2)%Non-Rolling Chip drop$899 $354 154.0 %
Non-Rolling Chip win percentageNon-Rolling Chip win percentage22.2 %21.7 %0.5 ptsNon-Rolling Chip win percentage22.4 %22.2 %0.2 pts
Rolling Chip volumeRolling Chip volume$369 $523 (29.4)%Rolling Chip volume$1,452 $369 293.5 %
Rolling Chip win percentageRolling Chip win percentage4.72 %3.71 %1.01 ptsRolling Chip win percentage2.36 %4.72 %(2.4)pts
Slot handleSlot handle$232 $197 17.8 %Slot handle$788 $232 239.7 %
Slot hold percentageSlot hold percentage3.1 %3.9 %(0.8)ptsSlot hold percentage4.1 %3.1 %1.0 pts
The Parisian MacaoThe Parisian Macao
Total net casino revenuesTotal net casino revenues$128 $51 151.0 %
Non-Rolling Chip dropNon-Rolling Chip drop$584 $180 224.4 %
Non-Rolling Chip win percentageNon-Rolling Chip win percentage22.6 %25.5 %(2.9)pts
Rolling Chip volumeRolling Chip volume$48 $160 (70.0)%
Rolling Chip win percentageRolling Chip win percentage9.58 %7.95 %1.6 pts
Slot handleSlot handle$536 $123 335.8 %
Slot hold percentageSlot hold percentage4.1 %3.3 %0.80 pts
The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons MacaoThe Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao
Total net casino revenuesTotal net casino revenues$109 $55 98.2 %
Non-Rolling Chip dropNon-Rolling Chip drop$426 $215 98.1 %
Non-Rolling Chip win percentageNon-Rolling Chip win percentage23.5 %25.9 %(2.4)pts
Rolling Chip volumeRolling Chip volume$1,227 $574 113.8 %
Rolling Chip win percentageRolling Chip win percentage4.11 %3.29 %0.82 pts
Slot handleSlot handle$28 $211.1 %
Slot hold percentageSlot hold percentage8.7 %8.7 %— pts
Sands MacaoSands Macao
Total net casino revenuesTotal net casino revenues$67 $17 294.1 %
Non-Rolling Chip dropNon-Rolling Chip drop$346 $77 349.4 %
Non-Rolling Chip win percentageNon-Rolling Chip win percentage17.3 %19.4 %(2.1)pts
Rolling Chip volumeRolling Chip volume$30 $80 (62.5)%
Rolling Chip win percentageRolling Chip win percentage8.52 %2.83 %5.69 pts
Slot handleSlot handle$407 $124 228.2 %
Slot hold percentageSlot hold percentage3.5 %3.3 %0.2 pts
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Three Months Ended March 31,
 20222021Change
 (Dollars in millions)
The Parisian Macao
Total net casino revenues$51 $59 (13.6)%
Non-Rolling Chip drop$180 $300 (40.0)%
Non-Rolling Chip win percentage25.5 %23.0 %2.5 pts
Rolling Chip volume$160 $114 40.4 %
Rolling Chip win percentage7.95 %(3.01)%10.96 pts
Slot handle$123 $223 (44.8)%
Slot hold percentage3.3 %3.4 %(0.1)pts
The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao
Total net casino revenues$55 $115 (52.2)%
Non-Rolling Chip drop$215 $256 (16.0)%
Non-Rolling Chip win percentage25.9 %24.1 %1.8 pts
Rolling Chip volume$574 $1,436 (60.0)%
Rolling Chip win percentage3.29 %5.93 %(2.64)pts
Slot handle$$125.0 %
Slot hold percentage8.7 %10.8 %(2.1)pts
Sands Macao
Total net casino revenues$17 $31 (45.2)%
Non-Rolling Chip drop$77 $122 (36.9)%
Non-Rolling Chip win percentage19.4 %15.1 %4.3 pts
Rolling Chip volume$80 $484 (83.5)%
Rolling Chip win percentage2.83 %4.34 %(1.51)pts
Slot handle$124 $158 (21.5)%
Slot hold percentage3.3 %3.4 %(0.1)pts
Singapore Operations:
Marina Bay Sands
Total net casino revenues$268 $303 (11.6)%
Non-Rolling Chip drop$795 $674 18.0 %
Non-Rolling Chip win percentage17.7 %19.1 %(1.4)pts
Rolling Chip volume$1,899 $1,512 25.6 %
Rolling Chip win percentage3.30 %5.59 %(2.29)pts
Slot handle$3,282 $3,745 (12.4)%
Slot hold percentage4.1 %4.2 %(0.1)pts
U.S. Operations:
Las Vegas Operating Properties(1)
Total net casino revenues$61 $53 15.1 %
Table games drop$257 $335 (23.3)%
Table games win percentage13.6 %9.3 %4.3 pts
Slot handle$599 $625 (4.2)%
Slot hold percentage8.2 %8.1 %0.1 pts
__________________________
(1)    The Las Vegas Operating Properties are classified as a discontinued operation. We completed the sale on February 23, 2022. Financial results are for the period through February 22, 2022.
Three Months Ended March 31,
 20232022Change
 (Dollars in millions)
Singapore Operations:
Marina Bay Sands
Total net casino revenues$593 $268 121.3 %
Non-Rolling Chip drop$1,676 $795 110.8 %
Non-Rolling Chip win percentage18.9 %17.7 %1.2 pts
Rolling Chip volume$7,075 $1,899 272.6 %
Rolling Chip win percentage2.96 %3.30 %(0.34)pts
Slot handle$5,563 $3,282 69.5 %
Slot hold percentage4.2 %4.1 %0.1 pts
In our experience, average win percentages remain fairly consistent when measured over extended periods of time with a significant volume of wagers, but can vary considerably within shorter time periods as a result of the statistical variances associated with games of chance in which large amounts are wagered.
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Room revenues decreased $1increased $148 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. The decrease was primarily due to decreasedincreases in occupancy rates and decreased RevPARADR driven by lowerincreased visitation resulted in increases of $89 million and $59 million at our Macao operations and Marina Bay Sands, respectively, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. The following table summarizes the results of our room activity:
Three Months Ended March 31, Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021Change 20232022Change
(Room revenues in millions) (Room revenues in millions)
Macao Operations:(1)Macao Operations:(1)Macao Operations:(1)
The Venetian MacaoThe Venetian MacaoThe Venetian Macao
Total room revenuesTotal room revenues$16 $19 (15.8)%Total room revenues$39 $16 143.8 %
Occupancy rateOccupancy rate42.7 %47.2 %(4.5)ptsOccupancy rate85.7 %42.7 %43.0 pts
Average daily room rate (ADR)Average daily room rate (ADR)$153 $157 (2.5)%Average daily room rate (ADR)$207 $153 35.3 %
Revenue per available room (RevPAR)Revenue per available room (RevPAR)$65 $74 (12.2)%Revenue per available room (RevPAR)$177 $65 172.3 %
The Londoner MacaoThe Londoner MacaoThe Londoner Macao
Total room revenuesTotal room revenues$19 $19 — %Total room revenues$55 $19 189.5 %
Occupancy rateOccupancy rate28.0 %35.5 %(7.5)ptsOccupancy rate46.7 %28.0 %18.7 pts
Average daily room rate (ADR)Average daily room rate (ADR)$154 $173 (11.0)%Average daily room rate (ADR)$231 $154 50.0 %
Revenue per available room (RevPAR)Revenue per available room (RevPAR)$43 $61 (29.5)%Revenue per available room (RevPAR)$108 $43 151.2 %
The Parisian MacaoThe Parisian MacaoThe Parisian Macao
Total room revenuesTotal room revenues$11 $12 (8.3)%Total room revenues$28 $11 154.5 %
Occupancy rateOccupancy rate41.3 %46.7 %(5.4)ptsOccupancy rate77.8 %41.3 %36.5 pts
Average daily room rate (ADR)Average daily room rate (ADR)$119 $118 0.8 %Average daily room rate (ADR)$156 $119 31.1 %
Revenue per available room (RevPAR)Revenue per available room (RevPAR)$49 $55 (10.9)%Revenue per available room (RevPAR)$121 $49 146.9 %
The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons MacaoThe Plaza Macao and Four Seasons MacaoThe Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao
Total room revenuesTotal room revenues$$11 (18.2)%Total room revenues$20 $122.2 %
Occupancy rateOccupancy rate35.8 %43.7 %(7.9)ptsOccupancy rate66.4 %35.8 %30.6 pts
Average daily room rate (ADR)Average daily room rate (ADR)$440 $432 1.9 %Average daily room rate (ADR)$528 $440 20.0 %
Revenue per available room (RevPAR)Revenue per available room (RevPAR)$157 $189 (16.9)%Revenue per available room (RevPAR)$351 $157 123.6 %
Sands MacaoSands MacaoSands Macao
Total room revenuesTotal room revenues$$(33.3)%Total room revenues$$100.0 %
Occupancy rateOccupancy rate57.1 %71.5 %(14.4)ptsOccupancy rate91.0 %57.1 %33.9 pts
Average daily room rate (ADR)Average daily room rate (ADR)$137 $138 (0.7)%Average daily room rate (ADR)$167 $137 21.9 %
Revenue per available room (RevPAR)Revenue per available room (RevPAR)$78 $99 (21.2)%Revenue per available room (RevPAR)$151 $78 93.6 %
Singapore Operations:Singapore Operations:Singapore Operations:
Marina Bay Sands(1)(2)
Marina Bay Sands(1)(2)
Marina Bay Sands(1)(2)
Total room revenuesTotal room revenues$38 $32 18.8 %Total room revenues$97 $38 155.3 %
Occupancy rateOccupancy rate83.8 %63.0 %20.8 ptsOccupancy rate97.6 %83.8 %13.8 pts
Average daily room rate (ADR)Average daily room rate (ADR)$257 $228 12.7 %Average daily room rate (ADR)$594 $257 131.1 %
Revenue per available room (RevPAR)Revenue per available room (RevPAR)$215 $143 50.3 %Revenue per available room (RevPAR)$580 $215 169.8 %
U.S. Operations:
Las Vegas Operating Properties(2)
Total room revenues$78 $45 73.3 %
Occupancy rate84.6 %42.6 %42.0 pts
Average daily room rate (ADR)$247 $185 33.5 %
Revenue per available room (RevPAR)$209 $79 164.6 %
__________________________
(1)    During the three months ended March 31, 2022,2023, rooms that were out of service due to labor resource shortages were included in the 2023 hotel statistics.
(2)    During the three months ended March 31, 2023, approximately 500 rooms were under construction for renovation purposes.
(2)    The Las Vegas Operating Properties are classified as a discontinued operation. We completed the sale on February 23, 2022. Financial results are for the period through February 22, 2022.
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Food and beverage revenues decreased $3increased $71 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. The decrease was due to decreasedincreased business volume at food and beverage outlets as and in banquet operations resulted in increases of $48 million and $23 million at Marina Bay Sands and our Macao operations, respectively.
Mall revenues increased$13 millioncompared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.
Mall revenues decreased$7 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. The decreaseincrease was primarily due to decreasesincreases of $7 million and $3$9 million in minimum rents and turnover rent, respectively, partially offsetMacao, driven by a $2 million decrease in rent concessions granted to our mall tenants, and $4 million at Marina Bay Sands, driven by an increase in Macaobase rent and Singapore compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.a decrease in rent concessions.
For further information related to the financial performance of our malls, see “Additional Information Regarding our Retail Mall Operations.” The following table summarizes the results of our malls on the Cotai Strip in Macao and in Singapore:
Three Months Ended March 31, Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021Change 20232022Change
(Mall revenues in millions) (Mall revenues in millions)
Macao Operations:Macao Operations:Macao Operations:
Shoppes at VenetianShoppes at VenetianShoppes at Venetian
Total mall revenuesTotal mall revenues$44 $46 (4.3)%Total mall revenues$51 $44 15.9 %
Mall gross leasable area (in square feet)Mall gross leasable area (in square feet)814,720 812,936 0.2 %Mall gross leasable area (in square feet)818,693 814,720 0.5 %
OccupancyOccupancy77.6 %79.9 %(2.3)ptsOccupancy80.6 %77.6 %3.0 pts
Base rent per square footBase rent per square foot$298 $301 (1.0)%Base rent per square foot$265 $298 (11.1)%
Tenant sales per square foot(1)
Tenant sales per square foot(1)
$1,328 $940 41.3 %
Tenant sales per square foot(1)
$1,128 $1,328 (15.1)%
Shoppes at Londoner(2)
Shoppes at Londoner(2)
Shoppes at Londoner(2)
Total mall revenuesTotal mall revenues$14 $14 — %Total mall revenues$14 $14 — %
Mall gross leasable area (in square feet)Mall gross leasable area (in square feet)555,806 515,958 7.7 %Mall gross leasable area (in square feet)611,108 555,806 9.9 %
OccupancyOccupancy56.7 %81.0 %(24.3)ptsOccupancy55.8 %56.7 %(0.9)pts
Base rent per square footBase rent per square foot$141 $102 38.2 %Base rent per square foot$138 $141 (2.1)%
Tenant sales per square foot(1)
Tenant sales per square foot(1)
$1,528 $576 165.3 %
Tenant sales per square foot(1)
$1,191 $1,528 (22.1)%
Shoppes at ParisianShoppes at ParisianShoppes at Parisian
Total mall revenuesTotal mall revenues$$10 (20.0)%Total mall revenues$$— %
Mall gross leasable area (in square feet)Mall gross leasable area (in square feet)296,322 296,145 0.1 %Mall gross leasable area (in square feet)296,371 296,322 — %
OccupancyOccupancy73.3 %79.8 %(6.5)ptsOccupancy65.7 %73.3 %(7.6)pts
Base rent per square footBase rent per square foot$135 $151 (10.6)%Base rent per square foot$113 $135 (16.3)%
Tenant sales per square foot(1)
Tenant sales per square foot(1)
$586 $422 38.9 %
Tenant sales per square foot(1)
$435 $586 (25.8)%
Shoppes at Four SeasonsShoppes at Four SeasonsShoppes at Four Seasons
Total mall revenuesTotal mall revenues$34 $39 (12.8)%Total mall revenues$36 $34 5.9 %
Mall gross leasable area (in square feet)Mall gross leasable area (in square feet)244,208 244,104 — %Mall gross leasable area (in square feet)248,814 244,208 1.9 %
OccupancyOccupancy94.3 %94.0 %0.3 ptsOccupancy91.6 %94.3 %(2.7)pts
Base rent per square footBase rent per square foot$549 $543 1.1 %Base rent per square foot$558 $549 1.6 %
Tenant sales per square foot(1)
Tenant sales per square foot(1)
$6,159 $3,665 68.0 %
Tenant sales per square foot(1)
$4,691 $6,159 (23.8)%
Singapore Operations:Singapore Operations:Singapore Operations:
The Shoppes at Marina Bay SandsThe Shoppes at Marina Bay SandsThe Shoppes at Marina Bay Sands
Total mall revenuesTotal mall revenues$49 $47 4.3 %Total mall revenues$53 $49 8.2 %
Mall gross leasable area (in square feet)Mall gross leasable area (in square feet)622,242 620,297 0.3 %Mall gross leasable area (in square feet)622,653 622,242 0.1 %
OccupancyOccupancy98.9 %98.9 %— ptsOccupancy99.7 %98.9 %0.8 pts
Base rent per square footBase rent per square foot$282 $264 6.8 %Base rent per square foot$302 $282 7.1 %
Tenant sales per square foot(1)
Tenant sales per square foot(1)
$1,748 $1,048 66.8 %
Tenant sales per square foot(1)
$2,809 $1,748 60.7 %
__________________________
Note:    This table excludes the results of our mall operationsretail outlets at Sands Macao. As a result of the COVID-19 Pandemic,pandemic, tenants were provided rent concessions during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.2022. Base rent per square foot presented above excludes the impact of these rent concessions.
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(1)    Tenant sales per square foot is the sum of reported comparable sales for the trailing 12 months divided by the comparable square footage for the same period.
(2)Convention, retail and other revenues increased $31 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022. The Shoppesincrease was due to an $18 million increase at Londoner will feature more than 600,000 square feetour Macao operations, primarily driven by increases of gross leasable area upon completion$8 million in ferry operations due to the resumption of all phasesferry services in January 2023, $5 million in retail and other revenues (e.g., limo and spa), and $3 million in entertainment revenue driven by increases in visitation. In addition, a $13 million increase at Marina Bay Sands was driven primarily by increases of the renovation$6 million in convention revenue and expansion to The Londoner Macao.$6 million in other revenues (e.g., museum, SkyPark, and transportation).
Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses consisted of the following:
Three Months Ended March 31, Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021Percent
Change
20232022Percent
Change
(Dollars in millions) (Dollars in millions)
CasinoCasino$468 $578 (19.0)%Casino$874 $468 86.8 %
RoomsRooms43 42 2.4 %Rooms56 43 30.2 %
Food and beverageFood and beverage65 71 (8.5)%Food and beverage104 65 60.0 %
MallMall18 15 20.0 %Mall21 18 16.7 %
Convention, retail and otherConvention, retail and other22 22 — %Convention, retail and other39 22 77.3 %
Provision for credit losses— %
Provision for (recovery of) credit lossesProvision for (recovery of) credit losses(6)(250.0)%
General and administrativeGeneral and administrative218 225 (3.1)%General and administrative251 218 15.1 %
CorporateCorporate59 49 20.4 %Corporate57 59 (3.4)%
Pre-openingPre-opening(20.0)%Pre-opening(50.0)%
DevelopmentDevelopment60 566.7 %Development42 60 (30.0)%
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization264 255 3.5 %Depreciation and amortization274 264 3.8 %
Amortization of leasehold interests in landAmortization of leasehold interests in land14 14 — %Amortization of leasehold interests in land14 14 — %
Loss on disposal or impairment of assetsLoss on disposal or impairment of assets100.0 %Loss on disposal or impairment of assets14 133.3 %
Total operating expensesTotal operating expenses$1,245 $1,292 (3.6)%Total operating expenses$1,742 $1,245 39.9 %
Operating expenses were $1.74 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2023, an increase of $497 million compared to $1.25 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2022, a decrease of $47 million compared to $1.29 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2021, primarily driven by a $110increases of $406 million decrease in casino expenses, due to a decrease$39 million in gaming taxes as a result of decreased gaming revenues, partially offset by a $51food and beverage expenses, and $33 million increase in developmentgeneral and $10 million increase in corporateadministrative expenses.
Casino expenses decreased $110increased $406 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. The decreaseincrease was primarily attributable to a $97increases of $286 million decreaseand $86 million in gaming taxes due to decreasedat our Macao operations and Marina Bay Sands, respectively, consistent with increased casino revenues, as previously described.increases in gaming tax rates of 1% in Macao and 3% in Singapore, and a 1% increase in value added tax in Singapore.
Food and beverageRoom expenses decreased $6increased $13 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. The decreaseincrease was dueattributable to decreasesincreases of $4$7 million and $2$6 million at our Macao operations and Marina Bay Sands, respectively, consistent with increased room revenues.
Food and at our Macao properties, respectively.
General and administrativebeverage expenses decreased $7increased $39 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022. The increase was due primarily to decreasesincreases of $5$33 million and $2$6 million at our Macao properties and Marina Bay Sands respectively. The decreases wereand our Macao operations, respectively, primarily driven by decreased marketingincreased food outlet and property operations costs.banquet volumes.
CorporateConvention, retail and other expenses increased $10$17 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, primarily driven by increases of $9 million and $6 million at our Macao operations and Marina Bay Sands, respectively. The increases were primarily driven by increases of $7 million in ferry operation expenses due to increasesthe resumption of $6 millionferry services in payroll and related costs,January 2023, $3 million in information technology costs relatedentertainment expenses due to new systems implementationincreased event volume, $2 million in convention expenses and $1 million in travel and related costs.retail expenses.
Pre-opening expenses represent personnel and other costs incurred priorRecovery of credit losses was $6 million for three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to a provision for credit losses of $4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The $10 million decrease was primarily
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driven by collections on Macao casino receivables that were fully reserved for. The amount of this provision can vary over short periods of time because of factors specific to the openingpatrons who owe us money from gaming activities. We believe the amount of new ventures, which are expensed as incurred.our provision for credit losses in the future will depend upon the state of the economy, our credit standards, our risk assessments and the judgment of our employees responsible for granting credit.
DevelopmentGeneral and administrative expenses increased $51$33 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022. The increase was primarily due to increases of $26 million and include$7 million at Marina Bay Sands and our Macao operations, respectively, driven by increases in payroll and marketing costs, utilities and property taxes.
Development expenses were $42 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $60 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the costs were associated with our evaluation and pursuit of new business opportunities, primarily in FloridaNew York, Texas and Texas, as well as digital gaming related efforts. Development costs are expensed as incurred.
Loss on disposal or impairment of assets increased $3was $14 million for three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. The losses incurred for the three months ended March 31, 2023, were primarily due to $8 million in demolition costs related to the renovation at Marina Bay Sands and a $6 million disposal at our Macao operations. The losses incurred for the three months ended March 31, 2022 were primarily due to asset disposals related to aircraft parts of $4 million and asset disposal and demolition costs, primarily at The Londoner Macao, Venetian
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Table of Contents
Macao and Sands Macao. The losses incurred for the three months ended March 31, 2021, were primarily due to asset disposal and demolition costs at The Londoner Macao.
Segment Adjusted Property EBITDA
The following table summarizes information related to our segments (see “Item 1 — Financial Statements — Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — Note 11 — Segment Information” for a reconciliation of consolidated adjusted property EBITDA to net loss from continuing operations):segments:
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021Percent
Change
20232022Percent
Change
(Dollars in millions)(Dollars in millions)
Macao:Macao:Macao:
The Venetian MacaoThe Venetian Macao$19 $82 (76.8)%The Venetian Macao$210 $19 1,005.3 %
The Londoner MacaoThe Londoner Macao(33)(23)43.5 %The Londoner Macao56 (33)(269.7)%
The Parisian MacaoThe Parisian Macao(11)(8)37.5 %The Parisian Macao46 (11)(518.2)%
The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons MacaoThe Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao32 70 (54.3)%The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao75 32 134.4 %
Sands MacaoSands Macao(17)(18)(5.6)%Sands Macao10 (17)(158.8)%
Ferry Operations and OtherFerry Operations and Other(1)(3)(66.7)%Ferry Operations and Other(1)(200.0)%
(11)100 (111.0)%398 (11)(3,718.2)%
Marina Bay SandsMarina Bay Sands121 144 (16.0)%Marina Bay Sands394 121 225.6 %
Consolidated adjusted property EBITDA(1)
Consolidated adjusted property EBITDA(1)
$110 $244 (54.9)%
Consolidated adjusted property EBITDA(1)
$792 $110 620.0 %
Las Vegas Operating Properties(2)
$63 $(47)(234.0)%
__________________________
(1)    Consolidated adjusted property EBITDA, which is a non-GAAP financial measure, is used by management as the primary measure of the operating performance of our segments. Consolidated adjusted property EBITDA is net income (loss) from continuing operations before stock-based compensation expense, corporate expense, pre-opening expense, development expense, depreciation and amortization, amortization of leasehold interests in land, gain or loss on disposal or impairment of assets, interest, other income or expense, gain or loss on modification or early retirement of debt and income taxes. Consolidated adjusted property EBITDA is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure used by management, as well as industry analysts, to evaluate operations and operating performance. In particular, management utilizes consolidated adjusted property EBITDA to compare the operating profitability of its operations with those of its competitors, as well as a basis for determining certain incentive compensation. Integrated Resort companies have historically reported adjusted property EBITDA as a supplemental performance measure to GAAP financial measures. In order to view the operations of their properties on a more stand-alone basis, Integrated Resort companies, including Las Vegas Sands Corp., have historically excluded certain expenses that do not relate to the management of specific properties, such as pre-opening expense, development expense and corporate expense, from their adjusted property EBITDA calculations. Consolidated adjusted property EBITDA should not be interpreted as an alternative to income from operations (as an indicator of operating performance) or to cash flows from operations (as a measure of liquidity), in each case, as determined in accordance with GAAP. We have significant uses of cash flow, including capital expenditures, dividend payments, interest payments, debt principal repayments and income taxes, which are not reflected in consolidated adjusted property EBITDA.
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Table of Contents
Not all companies calculate adjusted property EBITDA in the same manner. As a result, our presentation of consolidated adjusted property EBITDA may not be directly comparable to similarly titled measures presented by other companies.
Three Months Ended March 31,
20232022
(In millions)
Consolidated adjusted property EBITDA$792 $110 
Other Operating Costs and Expenses
Stock-based compensation(a)
(11)(5)
Corporate(57)(59)
Pre-opening(2)(4)
Development(42)(60)
Depreciation and amortization(274)(264)
Amortization of leasehold interests in land(14)(14)
Loss on disposal or impairment of assets(14)(6)
Operating income (loss)378 (302)
Other Non-Operating Costs and Expenses
Interest income70 
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(218)(156)
Other expense(35)(22)
Income tax expense(50)(2)
Net income (loss) from continuing operations$145 $(478)
__________________________
(2)(a)The Las Vegas Operating Properties are classified as a discontinued operation. We completedDuring the sale on February 23, 2022. Financial results are forthree months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, we recorded stock-based compensation expense of $22 million and $14 million, respectively, of which $11 million and $9 million, respectively, was included in corporate expense in the period through February 22, 2022.accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Adjusted property EBITDA at our Macao operations decreased $111increased $409 million compared with the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, primarily due to decreasesincreases in casino, room, food and beverage and mall revenues driven by decreaseddue to increased visitation at our properties.Macao properties driven by the elimination of most COVID-19 restrictions in late December 2022 and early January 2023.
Adjusted property EBITDA at Marina Bay Sands decreased $23increased $273 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, primarily due to a decreaseincreases in casino, revenue due to lower local patron play.
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Discontinued Operations
Adjusted property EBITDA at our Las Vegas Operating Properties increased $110 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021, primarily due to increased room, and food and beverage revenue driven by increased visitationand mall revenues due to the property as the Las Vegas Operating Properties operated under pre-pandemic guidelines as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021, when property operations were subject to capacity limits.reopening of borders and elimination of most pandemic-related restrictions in April 2022.
Interest Expense
The following table summarizes information related to interest expense:
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
2022202120232022
(Dollars in millions)(Dollars in millions)
Interest costInterest cost$157 $158 Interest cost$219 $157 
Less — capitalized interestLess — capitalized interest(1)(4) Less — capitalized interest(1)(1)
Interest expense, netInterest expense, net$156 $154 Interest expense, net$218 $156 
Weighted average total debt balanceWeighted average total debt balance$14,953 $14,340 Weighted average total debt balance$16,089 $14,953 
Weighted average interest rateWeighted average interest rate4.2 %4.4 %Weighted average interest rate5.4 %4.2 %
Interest cost decreased $1increased $62 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, primarily resulting from a decrease in our weighted average interest rate from 4.4% to 4.2% during the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease in interest cost was primarily due to the issuance of the 2.30%, 2.85% and 3.25% SCL Senior Notes in September 2021, which carry a lower interest rate than the 4.60% SCL Senior Notes extinguished in September 2021. This was partially offset by an increase in our weighted average total debt balance primarily due to draws$999 million drawn on the SCL Revolving Facility during the yeartwelve months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2021.2023. The weighted average interest rate increased from 4.2% to 5.4% during the three months ended March 31, 2023 when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily driven by the increase in the underlying benchmark rates on our SCL Revolving Facility and our
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Singapore Credit Facility, and the increase in interest rates on the SCL senior notes as a result of the credit rating downgrade to BB+ by S&P in February 2022, and by Fitch in June 2022.
Other Factors Affecting Earnings
Interest income was $70 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. Interest income during the three months ended March 31, 2023, was primarily attributed to $63 million in interest income on money market funds and bank deposits driven by an increase in cash due to the sale of the Las Vegas properties in February 2022 and higher market interest rates. We also had $7 million in interest income on the seller financing loan provided in connection with the sale of the Las Vegas properties.
Other expense was $35 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $22 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to $17 million for2022. Other expense during the three months ended March 31, 2021. The change is2023, was primarily attributable to $5 million of foreign currency transaction losses driven by the U.S. dollar-denominated debt held by SCL.Sands China Ltd (“SCL”).
Our income tax expense was $2$50 million on a lossincome before income taxes of $476$195 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022,2023, resulting in a 0.4%an 25.6% effective income tax rate. This compares to a 5.3%0.4% effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. The income tax benefitexpense for the three months ended March 31, 2022,2023, reflects a 17% statutory tax rate on our Singapore operations and a 21% corporate income tax on our domestic operations. Our operations in Macao are subject to a 12% statutory income tax rate, but in connection with the 35% gaming tax, our subsidiaries in Macao and their peers receivereceived an income tax exemption on gaming operations through December 31, 2022. Our income tax expense is based on our estimated annual effective tax rate for the year applied to year-to-date operating results in accordance with interim accounting guidelines.
We have had the benefit of a corporate tax exemption in Macao, which exempts us from paying the 12% corporate income tax on profits generated by the operation of casino games, but does not apply to our non-gaming activities. We continued to benefit from this tax exemption through December 31, 2022. Additionally, we entered into a shareholder dividend tax agreement with the Macao government in April 2019, effective through June 26, 2022.2022, providing an annual payment as a substitution for a 12% tax otherwise due from VML shareholders on dividend distributions paid from VML gaming profits. In December 2022, we requested a corporate tax exemption on profits generated by the operation of casino games in Macao for the new gaming concession period effective from January 1, 2023 through December 31, 2032, or for a period of corporate tax exemption that the Chief Executive of Macao may deem more appropriate. We are evaluating the timing of an application for a new shareholder dividend tax agreement. There is no assurance either of these arrangements will be granted.
The net loss attributable to our noncontrolling interests was $2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $101 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to $64 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. These amounts are related to the noncontrolling interest of SCL.
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Additional Information Regarding our Retail Mall Operations
We own and operate retail malls at our Integrated Resorts at The Venetian Macao, The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao, The Londoner Macao, The Parisian Macao and Marina Bay Sands. Management believes being in the retail mall business and, specifically, owning some of the largest retail properties in Asia will provide meaningful value for us, particularly as the retail market in Asia continues to grow.
Our malls are designed to complement our other unique amenities and service offerings provided by our Integrated Resorts. Our strategy is to seek out desirable tenants that appeal to our patrons and provide a wide variety of shopping options. We generate our mall revenues primarily from leases with tenants through minimum base rents, overage rents, and reimbursements for common area maintenance (“CAM”) and other expenditures.
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The following tables summarize the results of our mall operations on the Cotai Strip and at Marina Bay Sands for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 and 2021:2022:
Shoppes at
Venetian
Shoppes at
Four
Seasons
Shoppes at
Londoner
Shoppes at
Parisian
The Shoppes at Marina
Bay Sands
(In millions)
For the three months ended March 31, 2022
Mall revenues:
Minimum rents(1)
$44 $30 $$$37 
Overage rents
Rent concessions(2)
(8)— (1)(1)(2)
Total overage rents, rent concessions and other(7)— 
CAM, levies and direct recoveries
Total mall revenues44 34 14 49 
Mall operating expenses:
Common area maintenance
Marketing and other direct operating expenses
Mall operating expenses
Property taxes(4)
— — — — 
Mall-related expenses(5)
$$$$$
For the three months ended March 31, 2021
Mall revenues:
Minimum rents(1)
$46 $31 $$$37 
Overage rents
Rent concessions(2)
(9)— (2)(2)(6)
Other(3)
— — — — 
Total overage rents and rent concessions(7)(1)
CAM, levies and direct recoveries
Total mall revenues46 39 14 10 47 
Mall operating expenses:
Common area maintenance
Marketing and other direct operating expenses— 
Mall operating expenses
Property taxes(4)
— — — 
Recovery of credit losses(1)— — — — 
Mall-related expenses(5)
$$$$$
Shoppes at
Venetian
Shoppes at
Four
Seasons
Shoppes at
Londoner
Shoppes at
Parisian
The Shoppes at Marina
Bay Sands
(In millions)
For the three months ended March 31, 2023For the three months ended March 31, 2023
Mall revenues:Mall revenues:
Minimum rents(1)
Minimum rents(1)
$41 $30 $$$38 
Overage rentsOverage rents
CAM, levies and direct recoveriesCAM, levies and direct recoveries
Total mall revenuesTotal mall revenues51 36 14 53 
Mall operating expenses:Mall operating expenses:
Common area maintenanceCommon area maintenance
Marketing and other direct operating expensesMarketing and other direct operating expenses
Mall operating expensesMall operating expenses
Property taxes(3)
Property taxes(3)
— — — — 
Mall-related expenses(4)
Mall-related expenses(4)
$$$$$
For the three months ended March 31, 2022For the three months ended March 31, 2022
Mall revenues:Mall revenues:
Minimum rents(1)
Minimum rents(1)
$44 $30 $$$37 
Overage rentsOverage rents
Rent concessions(2)
Rent concessions(2)
(8)— (1)(1)(2)
Total overage rents, rent concessions and otherTotal overage rents, rent concessions and other(7)— 
CAM, levies and direct recoveriesCAM, levies and direct recoveries
Total mall revenuesTotal mall revenues44 34 14 49 
Mall operating expenses:Mall operating expenses:
Common area maintenanceCommon area maintenance
Marketing and other direct operating expensesMarketing and other direct operating expenses
Mall operating expensesMall operating expenses
Property taxes(3)
Property taxes(3)
— — — — 
Mall-related expenses(4)
Mall-related expenses(4)
$$$$$
____________________
Note: These tables excludeThis table excludes the results of our mall operationsretail outlets at Sands Macao.
(1)Minimum rents include base rents and straight-line adjustments of base rents.
(2)Rent concessions were provided to tenants as a result of the COVID-19 Pandemicpandemic and the impact on mall operations.
(3)The amount for Marina Bay Sands of $6 million related to a grant provided by the Singapore government to lessors to support small and medium enterprises impacted by the COVID-19 Pandemic in connection with their rent obligations.
(4)Commercial property that generates rental income is exempt from property tax for the first six years for newly constructed buildings in Cotai. If the property also qualifies for Tourism Utility Status, the property tax exemption can be extended to twelve years with effect from the opening of the property. To date, The Venetian Macao, The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao, The Londoner Macao and The Parisian Macao have obtained an extended exemption. The exemption for The Venetian Macao and The Plaza Macao
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and Four Seasons Macao expired, in August 2019 and August 2020, respectively, and the exemption for The Londoner Macao and The Parisian Macao will be expiring in December 2027 and September 2028, respectively.
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(5)(4)Mall-related expenses consist of CAM, marketing fees and other direct operating expenses, property taxes and provision for credit losses, but excludes depreciation and amortization and general and administrative costs.
It is common in the mall operating industry for companies to disclose mall net operating income (“NOI”) as a useful supplemental measure of a mall’s operating performance. Because NOI excludes general and administrative expenses, interest expense, impairment losses, depreciation and amortization, gains and losses from property dispositions, allocations to noncontrolling interests and provision for income taxes, it provides a performance measure that, when compared year over year, reflects the revenues and expenses directly associated with owning and operating commercial real estate properties and the impact on operations from trends in occupancy rates, rental rates and operating costs.
In the tables above, we believe taking total mall revenues less mall-related expenses provides an operating performance measure for our malls. Other mall operating companies may use different methodologies for deriving mall-related expenses. As such, this calculation may not be comparable to the NOI of other mall operating companies.
Development Projects
We regularly evaluate opportunities to improve our product offerings, such as refreshing our meeting and convention facilities, suites and rooms, retail malls, restaurant and nightlife mix and our gaming areas, as well as other anticipated revenue-generating additions to our Integrated Resorts.
Macao
The Londoner Macao is the result of our renovation, expansion and rebranding of Sands Cotai Central, which included the addition of extensive thematic elements both externally and internally. The Londoner Macao presents a range of new attractions and features, including some of London’s most recognizable landmarks, such as the Houses of Parliament and the Elizabeth Tower (commonly known as "Big Ben"), and interactive guest experiences. The Integrated Resort features The Londoner Macao Hotel with 594 London-themed suites, including 14 exclusive Suites by David Beckham, and Londoner Court with approximately 370 luxury suites. We anticipate the Londoner Arena, expansion of the Shoppes at Londoner and other amenities to be completed before the end of 2022.
We anticipate the total costs associated with The Londoner Macao development project described above and the completed The Grand Suites at Four Seasons to be approximately $2.20 billion, of which $2.06 billion was spent as of March 31, 2022. We expect to fund our developments through a combination of cash on hand, borrowings from the 2018 SCL Credit Facility and surplus from operating cash flows.
Singapore
In April 2019, our wholly owned subsidiary, Marina Bay Sands Pte. Ltd. (“MBS”) and the Singapore Tourism Board (the “STB”)STB entered into a development agreement (the “Second Development Agreement”) pursuant to which MBS has agreed to construct a development, which will include a hotel tower with approximately 1,000luxury rooms and suites, a rooftop attraction, convention and meeting facilities and a state-of-the-art live entertainment arena with approximately 15,000 seats (the “MBS Expansion Project”).
The Second Development Agreement provides for a total minimum project cost of approximately SGD 4.50 billion (approximately $3.33Singapore dollars (“SGD,” approximately $3.39 billion at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2022), which investment must be completed within eight years from the effective date2023). The estimated cost and timing of the agreement. total project will be updated as we complete design and begin construction. We expect the total project cost will materially exceed the amounts referenced above from April 2019 based on current market conditions due to inflation, higher material and labor costs and other factors. We have incurred approximately $1.05 billion as of March 31, 2023, inclusive of the payment made in 2019 for the lease of the parcels of land underlying the MBS Expansion Project site.
On March 30, 2022,22, 2023, MBS and the STB entered into a lettersupplemental agreement (the “Letter“Supplemental Agreement”) that amends, which further extended the construction commencement date to April 8, 2024 and the construction completion date to April 8, 2028, and allowed for changes to the construction and operation plans under the Second Development Agreement. The Letter Agreement extended the deadline for MBS to commence construction, as defined in the Second Development Agreement, by one year to April 8, 2023. The amount of the total project cost will be finalized as we complete design and development and begin construction.
We amended our 2012 Singapore Credit Facility to provide for the financing of the development and construction costs, fees and other expenses related to the MBS Expansion Project pursuant to the Second Development Agreement. On September 7, 2021, we amended the 2012 Singapore Credit Facility, which, among other things, extended the deadline for delivering the construction cost estimate and the construction schedule for the MBS Expansion Project to March 31, 2022. WeAs noted above, we are in the process of completing the design and reviewing the budget and timing of the MBS expansion based on the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and otherdue to various factors. As a result, the construction cost estimate and construction schedule were not delivered to the lenders by the extended deadline, and we will not be permitted to make further draws on the Singapore Delayed Draw Term Facility until these items are delivered. We do not anticipate material spend related to the MBS Expansion Project prior to the delivery of these items to lenders.
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We are also beganaccomplishing the approximately $1.0 billion renovation of Marina Bay Sands, which is expected towill introduce world-class suites in Tower 1 and Tower 2, and substantially upgrade the overall guest experience for premium customers. This project is in addition to our previously announced plans for the MBS Expansion Project.Project and is expected to be completed by the end of 2023.
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Macao
Under the Concession, we are required to invest a minimum of 30.24 billion patacas (approximately $3.74 billion at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023), in certain gaming and non-gaming projects in Macao by December 2032. The specific investments to be carried out are determined annually by VML and proposed to the Macao government for approval. These investments will be in connection with, among others, attracting international visitors to Macao, conventions and exhibitions, entertainment shows, sporting events, culture and art, health and wellness, themed attractions, supporting Macao’s position as a city of gastronomy, and increasing community and maritime tourism. We expect to invest 27.80 billion patacas (approximately $3.44 billion at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2023) in non-gaming projects. VML submitted the list of investments and projects it intends to carry out in 2023 to the Macao government on March 31, 2023 and is currently pending their approval.
Other
We continue to evaluate additional development projects in each of our markets and pursue new development opportunities globally.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash Flows — Summary
Our cash flows consisted of the following:
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
2022202120232022
(In millions)(In millions)
Net cash used in operating activities from continuing operations$(500)$(188)
Net cash generated from (used in) operating activities from continuing operationsNet cash generated from (used in) operating activities from continuing operations$441 $(500)
Cash flows from investing activities from continuing operations:Cash flows from investing activities from continuing operations:Cash flows from investing activities from continuing operations:
Capital expendituresCapital expenditures(137)(291)Capital expenditures(166)(137)
Proceeds from disposal of property and equipmentProceeds from disposal of property and equipmentProceeds from disposal of property and equipment— 
Acquisition of intangible assets and otherAcquisition of intangible assets and other(12)— Acquisition of intangible assets and other(16)(12)
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operationsNet cash used in investing activities from continuing operations(146)(288)Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations(182)(146)
Cash flows from financing activities from continuing operations:Cash flows from financing activities from continuing operations:Cash flows from financing activities from continuing operations:
Proceeds from exercise of stock options— 19 
Tax withholding on vesting of equity awardsTax withholding on vesting of equity awards(1)— 
Proceeds from long-term debtProceeds from long-term debt201 505 Proceeds from long-term debt— 201 
Repayments on long-term debtRepayments on long-term debt(17)(18)Repayments on long-term debt(17)(17)
Payments of financing costsPayments of financing costs(9)(8)Payments of financing costs(1)(9)
OtherOther(17)— 
Transactions with discontinued operationsTransactions with discontinued operations4,998 (18)Transactions with discontinued operations— 4,998 
Net cash generated from financing activities from continuing operations5,173 480 
Net cash (used in) generated from financing activities from continuing operationsNet cash (used in) generated from financing activities from continuing operations$(36)$5,173 
Net cash used in discontinued operations— (4)
Effect of exchange rate on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(6)(12)
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash4,521 (12)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period1,925 2,137 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period6,446 2,125 
Less: cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period for discontinued operations— (35)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period from continuing operations$6,446 $2,090 
Cash Flows — Operating Activities
Table games play at our properties is conducted on a cash and credit basis, while slot machine play is primarily conducted on a cash basis. Our rooms, food and beverage and other non-gaming revenues are conducted primarily on a cash basis orand to a lesser extent as a trade receivable, resulting in operatingreceivable. Operating cash flows beingare generally affected by changes in operating income, accounts receivable, gaming related liabilities and accounts receivable. Net cash used ininterest payments. Cash flows from operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2022, was $5002023, increased $941 million as compared to $188 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, primarily resulting from an2022. The increase in cash generated from operations was primarily due to our Macao and Singapore operations generating increased operating loss as our propertiesincome driven by the acceleration of visitation and the elimination of most pandemic-related restrictions in Singapore, beginning in April 2022, and in Macao, were affectedbeginning in late December 2022, partially offset by travel restrictions relatedincreased receivables due to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Additionally, our net working capital requirements increased during the three months ended March 31, 2022.greater casino revenues.
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Cash Flows — Investing Activities
Capital expenditures for the three months ended March 31, 2023, totaled $166 million. Included in this amount was $115 million for construction activities at Marina Bay Sands in Singapore and $38 million for construction and development activities in Macao, which consisted of $24 million for The Londoner Macao, $11 million for The Venetian Macao, $2 million for The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao and $1 million for Sands Macao. Additionally, this amount included $13 million for corporate and other costs.
Capital expenditures for the three months ended March 31, 2022, totaled $137 million. Included in this amount was $84 million for construction and development activities in Macao, which consisted primarily of $67 million for The Londoner Macao, $14 million for The Venetian Macao and $2 million for The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao and $1 million for Sands Macao. Additionally, this amount included $50 million at Marina Bay Sands in Singapore and $3 million for corporate and other.other costs.
Capital expendituresCash Flows — Financing Activities
Net cash flows used in financing activities were $36 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, totaled $291 million. Included2023, which was primarily attributable to $17 million in this amount was $268repayments on long-term debt and $17 million for construction and development activities in Macao, which consisted primarily of $238 million for The Londoner Macao, $22 million for The Venetian Macao and $5 million for The Plaza Macao and Four Seasons Macao. Additionally, this amount included $23 million at Marina Bay Sands in Singapore.
Cash Flows — Financing Activitiesother financial liability payments.
Net cash flows generated from financing activities were $5.17 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2022, which was primarily attributable to the net proceeds received from the sale of the Las Vegas Operating Propertiesproperties of $4.98$4.89 billion. Additionally, $201 million was received from the drawdown of our SCL revolving facility. These items were partially offset by $17 million in repayments on long-term debt and $9 million in deferred offering costs relating to obtaining LVSC Revolving Facility lender consents to consummate the Las Vegas Sale.sale.
Net cash flows generated from financing activities were $480 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, which was primarily attributable to the proceeds of $505 millionreceived from the drawdown of our SCL revolving facility.
Cash Flows — Discontinued Operations
Cash flows for discontinued operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022, were primarily attributable to $4.98 billion in net proceeds received from the sale of the Las Vegas Operating Properties, which were transferred to continuing operations.
Capital Financing Overview
We fund our development projects primarily through borrowings from our debt instruments and operating cash flows.
On February 23, 2022, we closed the sale of our Las Vegas Operations. At closing, we received approximately $5.05 billion in cash proceeds, before transaction costs and income taxes. The estimated net proceeds of approximately $4.36 billion, after preliminary working capital adjustments, transaction costs and the payment of income taxes throughout 2022, will be used for incremental liquidity and general corporate purposes, which may include capital expenditures and development activities. In connection with the closing of the sale we may be required to make certain payments (“Support Payments”) to OpCo. The Support Payments are payable on a monthly basis following the closing through the year ending December 31, 2023, based upon the performance of the Las Vegas Operations relative to certain agreed upon target metrics and subject to quarterly and annual adjustments. Our payment obligations are subject to an annual cap equal to $213 million for the annual period beginning on the date of closing and ending December 31, 2022 and $250 million for the annual period beginning January 1, 2023 and ending December 31, 2023. No Support Payments were made for the period post-close through March 31, 2022 and we do not anticipate making these payments.
Our U.S., SCL and Singapore credit facilities, as amended, contain various financial covenants, which include maintaining a maximum leverage ratio, or net debt, as defined per the respective facility agreements. As of March 31, 2023, our U.S. and Singapore leverage ratios, as defined per the respective credit facility agreements, were 3.2x and 2.4x, respectively, compared to trailing twelve-month adjusted earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciationthe maximum leverage ratios allowed of 4.0x and amortization, as defined. In September 2021, LVSC extended the amendment, pursuant to which lenders, among other things, removed LVSC’s requirement4.5x, respectively. If we are unable to maintain a maximum leverage ratio as ofcompliance with the last day offinancial covenants under these credit facilities, we would be in default under the fiscal quarter, through and including December 31, 2022. respective credit facilities.
In July 2021,November 2022, SCL extended theentered into a waiver and amendment request letter, pursuant to which lenders, among other things, waived SCL’s requirement to ensure the leverage ratio does not exceed 4.0x and the interest coverage ratio is greater than 2.50x, through July 31, 2023. The 2018 SCL Credit Facility expires on July 31, 2023; however, we believe we will be successful in extending the maturity date of the facility prior to its expiration. If we are unable to extend the maturity date or refinance the 2018 SCL Credit Facility, we would be required to seek alternative forms of capital to repay the outstanding balance and our available liquidity may be reduced.
On January 1, 2023. In30, 2023, LVSC entered into the Fourth Amendment with lenders to the LVSC Revolving Credit Agreement. Pursuant to the Fourth Amendment, the existing LVSC Revolving Credit Agreement was amended to (a) determine consolidated adjusted EBITDA on a year-to-date annualized basis during the period commencing on the effective date and ending on and including December 31, 2023, as follows: (i) for the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2023, consolidated adjusted EBITDA for such fiscal quarter multiplied by four, (ii) for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2023, consolidated adjusted EBITDA for such fiscal quarter and the immediately preceding fiscal quarter multiplied by two, and (iii) for the fiscal quarter ending September 2021, MBS extended30, 2023, consolidated adjusted EBITDA for such fiscal quarter and the amendment letter, pursuanttwo immediately preceding fiscal quarters, multiplied by four-thirds; (b) extend the period during which LVSC is required to which MBS will not have to comply with the leverage or interest coverage covenantsmaintain a specified amount of minimum liquidity as of the last day of the fiscal quarter, through and includingeach month to December 31, 2022. Our compliance with our financial covenants for periods beyond2023; and (c) extend the period during which LVSC is unable to declare or pay any dividend or other distribution, unless liquidity is greater than $1.0 billion on a pro forma basis after giving effect to such dividend or distribution, to December 31, 2022 could be affected by certain factors beyond our control, such as the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic, including
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current travel and border restrictions continuing in the future. We will pursue additional waivers to meet the required financial covenant ratios, which include a maximum leverage ratio of 4.0x, 4.0x and 4.5x under our U.S., Macao and Singapore credit facilities, respectively, for periods beyond December 31, 2022 for LVSC and MBS and January 1, 2023 for SCL, if deemed necessary. We believe we will be successful in obtaining the additional waivers, although no assurance can be provided that such waivers will be granted, which could negatively impact our ability to be in compliance with our debt covenants for periods beyond December 31, 2022 for LVSC and MBS and January 1, 2023 for SCL.
Any defaults under our debt agreements would allow the lenders, in each case, to exercise their rights and remedies as defined under their respective agreements. If the lenders were to exercise their rights to accelerate the due dates of the indebtedness outstanding, there can be no assurance we would be able to repay or refinance any amounts that may become due and payable under such agreements, which could force us to restructure or alter our operations or debt obligations.
We held unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of approximately $6.43$6.53 billion and restricted cash and cash equivalents of approximately $16$124 million as of March 31, 2022,2023, which approximately $895 million$2.67 billion of the unrestricted amount is
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held by non-U.S. subsidiaries. Of the $895 million,$2.67 billion, approximately $587 million$2.09 billion is available to be repatriated, either in the form of dividends or via intercompany loans or advances, to the U.S., subject to levels of earnings, cash flow generated from gaming operations and wevarious other factors, including dividend requirements to third-party public stockholders in the case of funds being repatriated from SCL, compliance with certain local statutes, laws and regulations currently applicable to our subsidiaries and restrictions in connection with their contractual arrangements. We do not expect withholding taxes or other foreign income taxes to apply should these earnings be distributed in the form of dividends or otherwise. The remaining unrestricted amounts held by non-U.S. subsidiaries are not available for repatriation primarily due to dividend requirements to third-party public stockholders in the case of funds being repatriated from SCL.
We believe the unrestricted cash on handand cash equivalents of $6.53 billion and cash flow generated from operations, as well as the $3.48$2.48 billion available for borrowing under our U.S., SCL and Singapore revolving credit facilities, net of outstanding letters of credit, and SGD 3.69 billion (approximately $2.73$2.78 billion at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2022)2023) under our Singapore Delayed Draw Term Facility as of March 31, 20222023 (only available for draws after the construction cost estimate and construction schedule for the MBS Expansion Project have been delivered to the lenders), will be sufficient to maintain compliance with the financial covenants of our credit facilities and fund our working capital needs, committed and planned capital expenditures, development opportunities and debt obligations. In the normal course of our activities, we will continue to evaluate global capital markets to consider future opportunities for enhancements of our capital structure. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, SCL drew down $19 million and HKD 1.42 billion (approximately $182 million at exchange rates in effect on March 31, 2022) under this facility for general corporate purposes.
We have suspended our quarterly dividend program beginning in April 2020, and SCL suspended its dividend payments after paying its interim dividend for 2019 on February 21, 2020.
We believe we have a strong balance sheet and sufficient liquidity in place, including access to available borrowing capacity under our credit facilities. We also believe we are well positioned to support our continuing operations, complete the major construction projects in Macao and Singapore that are underway and respond tomeet our commitments under the current COVID-19 Pandemic challenges. We have taken various mitigating measures to manage through the current environment, including a cost and capital expenditure reduction program to minimize cash outflow for non-essential items.Macao Concession.
Aggregate Indebtedness and Other Contractual Obligations
As of March 31, 2022, there had been no material changes to our aggregated indebtedness and other contractual obligations previously reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, with the exception of the $201 million draw on the 2018 SCL Revolving Credit Facility and the 0.25% per annum increase in fixed interest on the SCL Senior Notes due to a downgraded credit rating from Standard & Poor’s; the increase being effective on the first payment date after the date of the downgrade. This will result in an increase of $9 million in interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2022 and $18 million for each year thereafter through 2024, at which time this will decrease as the SCL Senior Notes are repaid based on each of their set maturity dates.
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Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains forward-looking statements made pursuant to the Safe Harbor Provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements include the discussions of our business strategies and expectations concerning future operations, margins, profitability, liquidity and capital resources. In addition, in certain portions included in this report, the words: “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “seeks,” “expects,” “plans,” “intends” and similar expressions, as they relate to our Company or management, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Although we believe these forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot assure you any forward-looking statements will prove to be correct. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors beyond our control, which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These factors include, among others, the risks associated with:
the uncertainty of the extent, duration and effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the response of governments and other third parties, including government-mandated property closures, increased operational regulatory requirements or travel restrictions, on our business, results of operations, cash flows, liquidity and development prospects;
our ability to maintain our gaming license and subconcessionConcession in Macao and Singapore, including the extension of our subconcessiongaming license in Macao that expires on June 26, 2022 and the grant of any new concession in Macao;Singapore;
our ability to invest in future growth opportunities;
the ability to execute our previously announced capital expenditure programs in both Macao and Singapore, and produce future returns;
legal proceedings, judgments or settlements that may be instituted in connection with the Las Vegas Sale;
general economic and business conditions internationally, which may impact levels of disposable income, consumer spending, group meeting business, pricing of hotel rooms and retail and mall tenant sales;
uncertainty about the pace of recovery of travel and tourism in Asia from the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic;
disruptions or reductions in travel and our operations due to natural or man-made disasters, pandemics, epidemics or outbreaks of infectious or contagious diseases, political instability, civil unrest, terrorist activity or war;
the uncertainty of consumer behavior related to discretionary spending and vacationing at our Integrated Resorts in Macao and Singapore;
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the extensive regulations to which we are subject and the costs of compliance or failure to comply with such regulations;
new developments and construction projects and ventures, including development at our existing properties (for example, development at our Cotai Strip developmentsproperties and the MBS Expansion Project;Project);
regulatory policies in China or other countries in which our patrons reside, or where we have operations, including visa restrictions limiting the number of visits or the length of stay for visitors from China to Macao, restrictions on foreign currency exchange or importation of currency, and the judicial enforcement of gaming debts;
the possibility that the laws and regulations of mainland China become applicable to our operations in Macao and Hong Kong;
the possibility that economic, political and legal developments in Macao adversely affect our Macao operations, or that there is a change in the manner in which regulatory oversight is conducted in Macao;
our leverage, debt service and debt covenant compliance, including the pledge of certain of our assets (other than our equity interests in our subsidiaries) as security for our indebtedness and ability to refinance our debt obligations as they come due or to obtain sufficient funding for our planned, or any future, development projects;
fluctuations in currency exchange rates and interest rates;rates, and the possibility of increased expense as a result;
increased competition for labor and materials due to planned construction projects in Macao and Singapore and quota limits on the hiring of foreign workers;
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our ability to compete for limited management and labor resources in Macao and Singapore, and policies of those governments that may also affect our ability to employ imported managers or labor from other countries;
our dependence upon properties primarily in Macao and Singapore for all of our cash flow and the ability of our subsidiaries to make distribution payments to us;
the passage of new legislation and receipt of governmental approvals for our operations in Macao and Singapore and other jurisdictions where we are planning to operate;
the ability of our insurance coverage may not be adequate to cover all possible losses that our properties could suffer and the potential for our insurance costs mayto increase in the future;
our ability to collect gaming receivables from our credit players;
the collectability of our outstanding loansloan receivable;
our relationship with gaming promoters in Macao;
our dependence on chance and theoretical win rates;
fraud and cheating;
our ability to establish and protect our intellectual property rights;
reputational risk related to the license of certain of our trademarks;
the possibility that our securities may be prohibited from being traded in the U.S. securities market under the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act;
conflicts of interest that arise because certain of our directors and officers are also directors and officers of SCL;
government regulation of the casino industry (as well as new laws and regulations and changes to existing laws and regulations), including gaming license regulation, the requirement for certain beneficial owners of our securities to be found suitable by gaming authorities, the legalization of gaming in other jurisdictions and regulation of gaming on the internet;
increased competition in Macao, including recent and upcoming increases in hotel rooms, meeting and convention space, retail space, potential additional gaming licenses and online gaming;
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the popularity of Macao and Singapore as convention and trade show destinations;
new taxes, changes to existing tax rates or proposed changes in tax legislation;
the continued services of our key officers;
any potential conflict between the interests of our Principal Stockholders and us;
labor actions and other labor problems;
our failure to maintain the integrity of our information and information systems or comply with applicable privacy and data security requirements and regulations could harm our reputation and adversely affect our business;
the completion of infrastructure projects in Macao;
potential negative impactslimitations on the transfers of cash to and from environmental, socialour subsidiaries, limitations of the pataca exchange markets and governance and sustainability matters; andrestrictions on the export of the renminbi;
the outcome of any ongoing and future litigation.litigation; and
potential negative impacts from environmental, social and governance and sustainability matters.
All future written and verbal forward-looking statements attributable to us or any person acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section. New risks and uncertainties arise from time to time, and it is impossible for us to predict these events or how they may affect us. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. We assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements after the date of this report as a result of new information, future events or developments, except as required by federal securities laws.
Investors and others should note we announce material financial information using our investor relations website (https:(https://investor.sands.com)investor.sands.com), our company website, SEC filings, investor events, news and earnings releases, public conference calls and webcasts. We use these channels to communicate with our investors and the public about our company, our products and services, and other issues.
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In addition, we post certain information regarding SCL, a subsidiary of Las Vegas Sands Corp. with ordinary shares listed on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited, from time to time on our company website and our investor relations website. It is possible the information we post regarding SCL could be deemed to be material information.
The contents of these websites are not intended to be incorporated by reference into this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or in any other report or document we file, and any reference to these websites are intended to be inactive textual references only.
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ITEM 3 — QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices, such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices. Our primary exposures to market risk are interest rate risk associated with our long-term debt and foreign currency exchange rate risk associated with our operations outside the United States, which we may manage through the use of futures, options, caps, forward contracts and similar instruments. We do not hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes and do not enter into derivative transactions that would be considered speculative positions.
As of March 31, 2022,2023, the estimated fair value of our long-term debt was approximately $14.35$15.24 billion, compared to its contractual value of $15.08$16.07 billion. The estimated fair value of our long-term debt is based on recent trades, if available, and indicative pricing from market information (level 2 inputs). A hypothetical 100 basis point change in market rates would cause the fair value of our long-term debt to change by $452$358 million. A hypothetical 100 basis point change in London Inter-Bank OfferedSecured Overnight Financing Rate (“LIBOR”SOFR”), Hong Kong Inter-Bank Offered Rate (“HIBOR”) and Singapore OvernightSwap Offer Rate Average (“SORA”SOR”) would cause our annual interest cost on our long-term debt to change by approximately $39$36 million.
Foreign currency transaction losses were $20$37 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022,2023, primarily due to U.S. dollar denominated debt issued by SCL and Singapore denominated intercompany debt reported in U.S. dollars.SCL. We may be vulnerable to changes in the U.S. dollar/SGD and U.S. dollar/pataca exchange rates. Based on balances as of March 31, 2022,2023, a hypothetical 10% weakening of the U.S. dollar/SGD exchange rate would cause a foreign currency transaction loss of approximately $22$21 million, and a hypothetical 1% weakening of the U.S. dollar/pataca exchange rate would cause a foreign currency transaction loss of approximately $53$58 million (net of the impact from the foreign currency swap agreements). The pataca is pegged to the Hong Kong dollar and the Hong Kong dollar is pegged to the U.S. dollar (within a narrow range). We maintain a significant amount of our operating funds in the same currencies in which we have obligations thereby reducing our exposure to currency fluctuations.
ITEM 4 — CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure information required to be disclosed in the reports the Company files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) of the Company as of March 31, 2022,2023, and have concluded they are effective at the reasonable assurance level.
It should be noted any system of controls, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance the objectives of the system are met. In addition, the design of any control system is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events. Because of these and other inherent limitations of control systems, there can be no assurance any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions, regardless of how remote.
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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal quarter covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that had a material effect, or were reasonably likely to have a material effect, on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1 — LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company is party to litigation matters and claims related to its operations. For more information, see the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021,2022, and “Part I — Item 1 — Financial Statements — Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — Note 108 — Commitments and Contingencies” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
ITEM 1A — RISK FACTORS
In addition toThere have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in the Company’s Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, the following risk factor was identified:2022.
Our loans receivable are subject to certain risks, which could materially adversely affect our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In connection with closing of the Las Vegas sale, the Company entered into a seller financing loan agreement, which provides for a six-year senior secured term loan in an aggregate principal amount of $1.20 billion. If this loan were to become impaired and could not be collected, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows could be materially adversely affected for the amount of uncollected, or deemed uncollectible, principal and interest.
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ITEM 6 — EXHIBITS
List of Exhibits
Exhibit No.Description of Document
10.110.1†
10.2*10.2†
10.3*
10.4*
31.1
31.2
32.1+
32.2+
101The following financial information from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2022,2023, formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language (“iXBRL”): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 20222023 and December 31, 2021,2022, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 and 2021,2022, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive LossIncome (Loss) for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 and 2021,2022, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 and 2021,2022, (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 and 2021,2022, and (vi) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
104Cover Page Interactive Data File - the cover page XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
____________________
*    Certain schedules to this Exhibit have been omitted in accordance with Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K.
+    This exhibit will not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section. Such exhibit shall not be deemed incorporated into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

†    
Certain identified information has been redacted from the exhibit in accordance with Item 601(b)(2)(ii) or 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K, as applicable.
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LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this quarterly report on Form 10-Q to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP.
April 29, 202221, 2023By:
/S/ ROBERT G. GOLDSTEIN
Robert G. Goldstein
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
April 29, 202221, 2023By:
/S/ RANDY HYZAK
Randy Hyzak
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
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