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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 20172018
OR
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from              to             
Commission File No. 000-51401
logo11.jpg
logoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 Federally chartered corporation 36-6001019 
 
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
 
200 East Randolph Drive
Chicago, IL
 60601 
 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) 

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (312) 565-5700
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer   o
 
Accelerated filer  o
 
Non-accelerated filer   x  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Smaller reporting company   o
     
Emerging growth company   o
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o No x


As of March 31, 2017,2018, including mandatorily redeemable capital stock, registrant had 15,829,74818,903,682 total outstanding shares of Class B Capital Stock.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS


 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
   
 
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 5.
Item 6.
 
 


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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.    Financial Statements.
Statements of Condition (unaudited)
(Dollars in millions, except capital stock par value)
March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Assets   Assets   
Cash and due from banks$34
 $351
Cash and due from banks$40
 $42
Interest bearing deposits700
 650
Interest bearing deposits775
 775
Federal Funds sold8,317
 4,075
Federal Funds sold9,361
 7,561
Securities purchased under agreements to resell500
 2,300
Securities purchased under agreements to resell6,250
 5,000
Investment securities -   Investment securities -   
Trading, $78 and $97 pledged240
 1,045
Trading,Trading,64and67pledged2,596
 233
Available-for-sale14,571
 14,918
Available-for-sale12,388
 12,957
Held-to-maturity, $4,642 and $5,516 fair value
4,219
 5,072
Held-to-maturity,Held-to-maturity,3,791and4,538fair value3,448
 4,157
Investment securities19,030
 21,035
Investment securities18,432
 17,347
Advances, $782 and $672 carried at fair value42,328
 45,067
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net of allowance for credit losses of $(3) and $(3)4,940
 4,967
Advances,Advances,917 and776 carried at fair value50,840
 48,085
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net ofMPF Loans held in portfolio, net of(2)and(2)allowance for credit losses5,357
 5,193
Derivative assets3
 6
Derivative assets2
 3
Other assets, $56 and $44 carried at fair value257
 241
Other assets,Other assets,76and118carried at fair value334
 349
Assets$76,109
 $78,692
Assets$91,391
 $84,355
       
Liabilities   Liabilities   
Deposits -   Deposits -   
Noninterest bearing$43
 $53
Noninterest bearing$53
 $51
Interest bearing, $14 and $16 from other FHLBs521
 443
Interest bearing,Interest bearing,11and32from other FHLBs632
 473
Deposits564
 496
Deposits685
 524
Consolidated obligations, net -   Consolidated obligations, net -   
Discount notes, $1,871 and $6,368 carried at fair value32,806
 35,949
Bonds, $5,384 and $5,443 carried at fair value37,662
 36,903
Discount notes,Discount notes,0and749carried at fair value41,483
 41,191
Bonds,4,985and5,260carried at fair value43,516
 37,121
Consolidated obligations, net70,468
 72,852
Consolidated obligations, net84,999
 78,312
Derivative liabilities39
 43
Derivative liabilities19
 20
Affordable Housing Program assessment payable86
 86
Affordable Housing Program assessment payable86
 88
Mandatorily redeemable capital stock301
 301
Mandatorily redeemable capital stock311
 311
Other liabilities233
 219
Other liabilities228
 248
Liabilities71,691
 73,997
Liabilities86,328
 79,503
Commitments and contingencies - see notes to the financial statements


 


Commitments and contingencies - see notes to the financial statements


 


Capital   Capital   
Class B1 activity stock - putable $100 par value - 10 million and 12 million shares issued and outstanding1,037
 1,160
Class B2 membership stock - putable $100 par value - 2 million and 6 million shares issued and outstanding245
 551
Capital stock1,282
 1,711
Class B1 activity stock,Class B1 activity stock,14and12million shares issued and outstanding1,368
 1,241
Class B2 membership stock,Class B2 membership stock,2and2million shares issued and outstanding211
 202
Capital stock - putable,Capital stock - putable,$100and$100par value per share1,579
 1,443
Retained earnings - unrestricted2,680
 2,631
Retained earnings - unrestricted2,891
 2,845
Retained earnings - restricted403
 389
Retained earnings - restricted467
 452
Retained earnings3,083
 3,020
Retained earnings3,358
 3,297
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI)53
 (36)Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI)126
 112
Capital4,418
 4,695
Capital5,063
 4,852
Liabilities and capital$76,109
 $78,692
Liabilities and capital$91,391
 $84,355



The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements (unaudited).

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Statements of Income (unaudited)
(Dollars in millions)

 Three months ended March 31,  Three months ended March 31,
 2017 2016  2018 2017
Interest income $337
 $318
Interest income $480
 $337
Interest expense 224
 198
Interest expense 356
 224
Net interest income 113
 120
Net interest income 124
 113
         
Noninterest income -    Noninterest income -    
Trading securities 
 1
Derivatives and hedging activities 3
 (16)Derivatives and hedging activities (3) 3
Instruments held under fair value option (2) 5
Instruments held under fair value option (7) (2)
MPF fees from other FHLBs 5
 3
MPF fees,6
and5
from other FHLBs 8
 7
Other, net 4
 4
Other, net 2
 2
Noninterest income 10
 (3)Noninterest income 
 10
         
Noninterest expense -    Noninterest expense -    
Compensation and benefits 25
 23
Compensation and benefits 24
 25
Operating expenses 15
 15
Operating expenses 15
 15
Other 2
 2
Other 3
 2
Noninterest expense 42
 40
Noninterest expense 42
 42
         
Income before assessments 81
 77
Income before assessments 82
 81
         
Affordable Housing Program assessment 8
 8
Affordable Housing ProgramAffordable Housing Program 8
 8
         
Net income $73
 $69
Net income $74
 $73


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements (unaudited).



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Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited)
(Dollars in millions)

 Three months ended March 31, Three months ended March 31,
 2017 2016 2018 2017
Net income $73
 $69
 $74
 $73
        
Other comprehensive income (loss) -        
Net unrealized gain (loss) available-for-sale securities 38
 (40) (49) 38
Noncredit OTTI held-to-maturity securities 9
 11
 7
 9
Net unrealized gain (loss) cash flow hedges 44
 (53) 58
 44
Postretirement plans (2) 
 (2) (2)
Other comprehensive income (loss) 89
 (82) 14
 89
 
   
  
Comprehensive income $162
 $(13) $88
 $162


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements (unaudited).



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Statements of Capital (unaudited)
(Dollars and shares in millions)

Capital Stock - Putable - B1 Activity Capital Stock - Putable - B2 Membership Capital Stock Retained Earnings   CapitalCapital Stock - Putable - B1 Activity Capital Stock - Putable - B2 Membership Capital Stock Retained Earnings   Total
Shares Value Shares Value Shares Value Unrestricted Restricted Total AOCI 
December 31, 201712
 $1,241
 2
 $202
 14
 $1,443
 $2,845
 $452
 $3,297
 $112
 $4,852
Comprehensive income            59
 15
 74
 14
 88
Proceeds from issuance of capital stock9
 822
 
 1
 9
 823
         823
Repurchases of capital stock
 (1) (7) (686) (7) (687)         (687)
Transfers between classes of capital stock(7) (694) 7
 694
              
Cash dividends - class B1            (12) 

 (12)   (12)
Class B1 annualized rate                    3.50%
Cash dividends - class B2            (1)   (1)   (1)
Class B2 annualized rate                    1.50%
Total change in period2
 127
 
 9
 2
 136
 46
 15
 61
 14
 211
March 31, 201814
 $1,368
 2
 $211
 16
 $1,579
 $2,891
 $467
 $3,358
 $126
 $5,063
Shares Value Shares Value Shares Value Unrestricted Restricted Total AOCI Capital                     
December 31, 201612
 $1,160
 6
 $551
 18
 $1,711
 $2,631
 $389
 $3,020
 $(36) 12
 $1,160
 6
 $551
 18
 $1,711
 $2,631
 $389
 $3,020
 $(36) $4,695
Comprehensive income            59
 14
 73
 89
 162
            59
 14
 73
 89
 162
Proceeds from issuance of capital stock4
 533
 
 1
 4
 534
         534
4
 533
 
 1
 4
 534
         534
Repurchases of capital stock
 (34) (10) (926) (10) (960)         (960)
 (34) (10) (926) (10) (960)         (960)
Capital stock reclassified to mandatorily redeemable capital stock (liabilities)
 (3) 
 
 
 (3)         (3)
Capital stock reclassified to mandatorily redeemable capital stock liability
 (3) 
 
 
 (3)         (3)
Transfers between classes of capital stock(6) (619) 6
 619
              (6) (619) 6
 619
             

Cash dividends - class B1            (9) 

 (9)   (9)            (9)   (9)   (9)
Class B1 annualized rate                    3.00%                    3.00%
Cash dividends - class B2            (1)   (1)   (1)            (1)   (1)   (1)
Class B2 annualized rate                    0.85%                    0.85%
Total change in period(2) (123) (4) (306) (6) (429) 49
 14
 63
 89
 (277)(2) (123) (4) (306) (6) (429) 49
 14
 63
 89
 (277)
March 31, 201710
 $1,037
 2
 $245
 12
 $1,282
 $2,680
 $403
 $3,083
 $53
 $4,418
10

$1,037

2

$245

12

$1,282

$2,680

$403

$3,083

$53

$4,418
                     
December 31, 201513
 $1,313
 6
 $637
 19
 $1,950
 $2,407
 $323
 $2,730
 $(28) $4,652
Comprehensive income            55
 14
 69
 (82) (13)
Proceeds from issuance of capital stock2
 183
 
 1
 2
 184
         184
Repurchases of capital stock(1) (104) 
 (3) (1) (107)         (107)
Capital stock reclassified to mandatorily redeemable capital stock (liabilities)(3) (294) 
 
 (3) (294)         (294)
Transfers between classes of capital stock(1) (48) 1
 48
             

Cash dividends - class B1            (8)   (8)   (8)
Class B1 annualized rate                    2.60%
Cash dividends - class B2            (1)   (1)   (1)
Class B2 annualized rate                    0.60%
Total change in period(3) (263) 1
 46
 (2) (217) 46
 14
 60
 (82) (239)
March 31, 201610

$1,050

7

$683

17

$1,733

$2,453

$337

$2,790

$(110)
$4,413


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements (unaudited).

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Condensed Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)
(Dollars in millions)

Three months ended March 31, 2017 2016 Three months ended March 31, 2018 2017 
OperatingNet cash provided by (used in) operating activities $159
 $(9) Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $135
 $159
 
InvestingNet change interest bearing deposits (50) 
 Net change interest bearing deposits 
 (50) 
Net change Federal Funds sold (4,242) (1,908) 
Net change securities purchased under agreements to resell 1,800
 1,125
 Net change Federal Funds sold (1,800) (4,242) 
Trading securities -     Net change securities purchased under agreements to resell (1,250) 1,800
 
Sales 801
 
 Trading securities -     
Proceeds from maturities and paydowns 1
 103
 Sales 200
 801
 
Purchases 
 (100) Proceeds from maturities and paydowns 2
 1
 
Available-for-sale securities -     Purchases (2,559) 
 
Proceeds from maturities and paydowns 354
 727
 Available-for-sale securities -     
Purchases 
 (2) Proceeds from maturities and paydowns 478
 354
 
Held-to-maturity securities -     Held-to-maturity securities -     
Short-term held-to-maturity securities, net 619
a 
581
a 
Short-term held-to-maturity securities, net 535
a 
619
a 
Proceeds from maturities and paydowns 256
 232
 Proceeds from maturities and paydowns 188
 256
 
Purchases (3) (11) Purchases (14) (3) 
Advances -     Advances -     
Principal collected 141,871
 149,976
 Principal collected 320,511
 141,871
 
Issued (139,145) (151,432) Issued (323,358) (139,145) 
MPF Loans held in portfolio -     MPF Loans held in portfolio -     
Principal collected 264
 282
 Principal collected 187
 264
 
Purchases (241) (132) Purchases (355) (241) 
Other investing activities 9
 6
 Other investing activities 3
 9
 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 2,294
 (553) Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (7,232) 2,294
 
FinancingNet change deposits 68
 (40) Net change deposits 161
 68
 
Discount notes -     Discount notes -     
Net proceeds from issuance 320,127
 42,844
 Net proceeds from issuance 436,144
 320,127
 
Payments for maturing and retiring (323,269) (44,124) Payments for maturing and retiring (435,852) (323,269) 
Consolidated obligation bonds -     Consolidated obligation bonds -     
Net proceeds from issuance 4,130
 4,410
 Net proceeds from issuance 11,586
 4,130
 
Payments for maturing and retiring (3,380) (3,050) Payments for maturing and retiring (5,062) (3,380) 
Capital stock -     Capital stock -     
Proceeds from issuance 534
 184
 Proceeds from issuance 823
 534
 
Repurchases (960) (107) Repurchases (687) (960) 
Cash dividends paid (10) (9) Cash dividends paid (13) (10) 
Other financing activities (10) (12) Other financing activities (5) (10) 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (2,770) 96
 Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 7,095
 (2,770) 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and due from banks (317) (466) Net increase (decrease) in cash and due from banks (2) (317) 
Cash and due from banks at beginning of period 351
 499
 Cash and due from banks at beginning of period 42
 351
 
Cash and due from banks at end of period $34
 $33
 Cash and due from banks at end of period $40
 $34
 
a 
Short-term held-to-maturity securities,assets and liabilities may be presented on a net consists of investment securities with abasis provided that the original maturity of the asset or liability is three months or less than 90 days when purchased.from the date of origination or the date of purchase.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements (unaudited).

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Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


Note 1 – Background and Basis of Presentation

The Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago is a federally chartered corporation and one of 11 Federal Home Loan Banks (the FHLBs) that, with the Office of Finance, comprise the Federal Home Loan Bank System (the System).  The FHLBs are government-sponsored enterprises (GSE) of the United States of America and were organized under the Federal Home Loan Bank Act of 1932, as amended (FHLB Act), in order to improve the availability of funds to support home ownership.  We are supervised and regulated by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), an independent federal agency in the executive branch of the United States (U.S.) government.

Each FHLB is a member-owned cooperative with members from a specifically defined geographic district. Our defined geographic district is Illinois and Wisconsin. All federally-insured depository institutions, insurance companies engaged in residential housing finance, credit unions and community development financial institutions located in our district are eligible to apply for membership with us. All our members are required to purchase our capital stock as a condition of membership. Our capital stock is not publicly traded, and is issued, repurchased or redeemed at par value, $100 per share, subject to certain statutory and regulatory limits. As a cooperative, we do business with our members, and former members (under limited circumstances). Specifically, we provide credit principally in the form of secured loans called advances. We also provide liquidity for home mortgage loans to members approved as Participating Financial Institutions (PFIs) through the Mortgage Partnership Finance® (MPF®) Program.

Our accounting and financial reporting policies conform to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (GAAP). Amounts in prior periods may be reclassified to conform to the current presentation and, if material, are disclosed in the following notes.

In the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments have been included for a fair statement of this interim financial information. These unaudited financial statements and the following footnotes should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and footnotes for the year ended December 31, 2016,2017, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K (2016(2017 Form 10-K) starting on page F-1, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

Unless otherwise specified, references to we, us, our, and the Bank are to the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago.

“Mortgage Partnership Finance”, “MPF”, “MPF Xtra”, and "Community First" are registered trademarks of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago.

See the Glossary of Terms starting on page 5958 for the definitions of certain terms used herein.


Use of Estimates and Assumptions

We are required to make estimates and assumptions when preparing our financial statements in accordance with GAAP. The most significant of these estimates and assumptions applies to fair value measurements and allowance for credit losses. Our actual results may differ from the results reported in our financial statements due to such estimates and assumptions. This includes the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the reported amounts of income and expense, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities.

ConsolidationBasis of Variable Interest EntitiesPresentation

We are notThe basis of presentation pertaining to the primary beneficiaryconsolidation of any variable interest entity. Specifically, we do not have the power to direct the activities of any variable interest entity that would most significantly impact its economic performance and we do not have the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from any variable interest entity that could potentially be significant to a variable interest entity. As a result, we do not consolidate any of our investments in variable interest entities. Instead, we classify variable interest entities as investment securitieshas not changed since we filed our 2017 Form 10-K.  The basis of presentation pertaining to our gross versus net presentation of financial instruments also has not changed since we filed our 2017 Form 10-K.

Refer to Note 1- Background and Basis of Presentation to the financial statements in our statements2017 Form 10-K with respect to our basis of condition. Such investment securities include, but are not limited to, senior interests in private-label mortgage backed securities (MBS) and Federal Family Education Loan Program asset backed securities (FFELP ABS). Our maximum loss exposurepresentation for these investment securities is limited to their carrying amounts. We have no liabilities related to these investments inconsolidation of variable interest entities. We have not providedentities and our gross versus net presentation of financial or other support (explicitly or implicitly) to these investment securities that we were not previously contractually required to provide, nor do we intend to provide such support in the future.

instruments for further details.

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Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Gross versus Net Presentation of Financial Instruments

Our over-the-counter derivative transactions may be entered into through a bilateral agreement with an individual counterparty. We present these derivative transactions on a net basis in our statements of condition on the basis that our right to net amounts due to our counterparties is enforceable at law upon early termination. Derivatives are netted by contract (e.g., master netting agreement), to discharge all or a portion of the amounts that would be owed to our counterparty by applying them against the amounts that our counterparty owes to us. If these netted amounts are positive, they are classified as a derivative asset and if negative, they are classified as a derivative liability. The net exposure for these financial instruments can change on a daily basis; therefore, there may be a delay between the time this exposure change is identified and additional collateral is requested, and the time when this collateral is received or pledged. Likewise, there may be a delay for excess collateral to be returned. For derivative instruments that meet the netting requirements, any excess cash collateral received or pledged is recognized as a derivative liability or asset.

We also enter into cleared derivative transactions with clearinghouses classified as a Derivatives Clearing Organization (DCO) through a Futures Commission Merchant (FCM), a clearing member of the DCO. Prior to 2017, our accounting presented derivative assets and liabilities of our cleared derivative transactions on a net basis, inclusive of initial and variation margin, and accrued interest receivable/payable and cash collateral. Due to rule changes adopted by our DCOs that characterize the treatment of variation margin payments as settlement of a derivative’s mark-to-market exposure and not as collateral against the derivative’s mark-to-market exposure, we now account for our variation margin payments as settlements to our derivative assets and derivative liabilities. The amendments to the DCOs’ rules have no effect on how we present initial margin, which we include in the carrying amount of our derivative assets or derivative liabilities.
See Note 9 - Derivatives and Hedging Activities for further details.

Our policy is to report securities purchased under agreements to resell and securities sold under agreements to repurchase, if any, and securities borrowing transactions, if any, on a gross basis.


Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies


Our Summary of Significant Accounting Policies through December 31, 2016,2017, can be found in Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the financial statements in our 20162017 Form 10-K. We adopted the following policies year to date in 2017:effective January 1, 2018:

Accounting for Variation Margin PaymentsRecognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (ASU 2016-01)

Effective in JanuaryWe are required to recognize the portion of 2017 we began accounting for variation margin payments madeinstrument-specific credit risk attributable to or received by the DCOs through our FCMs as settlements to our cleared derivative assets and derivative liabilities. See Note 1 - Background and Basis for Presentation for further details. Thistotal change in accountingfair value of our consolidated obligations that are carried at fair value in our statements of comprehensive income. We measure such instrument-specific credit risk based on our nonperformance risk, which includes our nonperformance risk and the credit risk associated with the joint and several liability of other FHLBs. The new guidance did not have anyan effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows at the accountingtime of our existing hedging relationships. Specifically, the change in accounting would not require us to discontinue existing hedge relationships or preclude us from using the short-cut method of hedge accounting provided no additional changes are made by the DCOs that would preclude the use of the short-cut method of hedge accounting. The International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) issued a confirmation letter confirming the SEC staff’s non-objection to the conclusions reached by ISDA related to the accounting implications of the DCO rule changes regarding the characterization of the variation margin payments as daily settlements and the continued application of existing hedge accounting relationships, including the use of the short-cut method of hedge accounting.
Contingent Put and Call Options in Debt Instrumentsadoption.

In March of 2016, the FASB issued new guidance clarifying the requirements for assessing whether a contingent call (put) option embedded in a debt instrument is clearly and closely related to that debt instrument, which is referred to as the "host contract". Specifically, entities no longer will be required to assess whether the event triggering the acceleration of an embedded contingent call (put) option within a debt instrument is clearly and closely related to its host contract. We adopted the new guidance using the modified retrospective approach on January 1, 2017. Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASU 2014-09)

The newrevenue recognition guidance did not have any effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows at the time of adoption. This is because the majority of our financial instruments and other contractual rights that generate revenue are covered by other GAAP, and therefore, were scoped out of this new guidance. Further, our prior method of recognizing service fee revenue was consistent with this new guidance. As a result, no cumulative effect adjustment to our opening balance of retained earnings in 2018 was required under the modified retrospective method.

Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (ASU 2017-07)

We are required to classify the service cost component of our net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs as compensation costs. All other components of our net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs are required to be classified as Noninterest expense - Other. Previously, our total net periodic pension and postretirement costs were classified as compensation costs. We made this classification change on a prospective rather than retrospective basis due to materiality. This classification guidance did not have a significant effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments in the Statement of Cash Flows (ASU 2016-15)

We classify and disclose interest expense on zero coupon discount notes within operating activities, which is consistent with our prior and current classification practice. As a result, this guidance did have any effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows at the time of adoption.







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logoa14.jpglogoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 3 – Recently Issued but Not Yet Adopted Accounting Standards


Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit CostTargeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities (ASU 2017-12)

In MarchAugust of 2017, the FASB issued amendmentstargeted improvements to current GAAP requiring the service cost componentexisting derivatives and hedging guidance to facilitate financial reporting that more closely reflects an entity’s risk management activities. We plan to adopt this guidance as of our defined benefit pension and postretirement plans to be classifiedJanuary 1, 2019. We are in the same statementprocess of income line item as our compensation costs. The other componentsdetermining the expected effect of net benefit cost related to our defined benefit pension and postretirement plans are required to be presented in a statement of income line item that is separate from compensation costs. Currently, we include the total net periodic pension costs and net periodic postretirement costs in the same statement of income line item as our compensation costs. As a result, the amendments will require us to reclassify the other components of net benefit costs into Noninterest Expense - Other operating expenses. Such reclassification would be made on a retrospective basis at the time of adoption, which is January 1, 2018. We do not expect the newthis guidance to have a significant effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Outlined below are the significant changes to existing GAAP guidance that are relevant to us.

Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments in the Statement of Cash FlowsFlow Hedges:

In AugustFor a cash flow hedge of 2016,interest rate risk of a variable-rate financial instrument, we would be able to designate the FASB issued statement ofvariability in cash flows classification guidance governing certainattributable to the contractually specified interest rate as the hedged risk. By eliminating the concept of benchmark interest rates for hedges of variable-rate instruments under current GAAP, the amendments remove the requirement to designate only the overall variability in cash receipts andflows as the hedged risk in a cash payments. flow hedge of a variable-rate instrument indexed to a non-benchmark interest rate.

The new guidance becomes effective January 1, 2018, with earlier adoption permitted. The new guidance must be applied retrospectively to each periodentire change in fair value of the hedging instrument is recorded in AOCI. Reclassification from AOCI into our statements of income, including hedge ineffectiveness, will depend on whether a recognition event has occurred, such as the discontinuation of the hedge relationship.

Fair Value Hedges:

Permits hedged risk to be the changes in fair value based on the contractual coupon’s benchmark rate component determined at hedge inception on the hedged item. Only the hedged risk of changes in fair value based on the full contractual coupon cash flows areis permitted under existing GAAP.
Permits hedged risk to be partial-term of the hedged item, which only includes the designated cash flows being hedged.
Permits hedged risk to be a closed portfolio of prepayable financial assets or one or more beneficial interests secured by a portfolio of prepayable financial instruments in conjunction with a partial-term hedge election. The designated hedged item must have at least one asset or beneficial interest that will be outstanding at the end of the partial-term hedge election -that is, at least one asset or beneficial interest is not expected to be affected by prepayments, defaults, and other factors affecting the timing and amount of cash flows. This designation is referred to as the last-of-layer-method.

Cash Flow Hedges and Fair Value Hedges:

Requires both the effective and ineffective portion of a hedging relationship to be presented in either interest income or interest expense, whichever is appropriate. As a result, ineffectiveness related to hedging relationships would no longer be presented in derivatives and hedging activities.

Enables applying the long-haul method of assessing hedge effectiveness in cases where the shortcut method was initially applied but subsequently becomes no longer appropriate. This is provided only if we documented at hedge inception which long-haul methodology we would use in the event the shortcut method is discontinued.

Enables hedge effectiveness to be qualitatively assessed at the time of adoption. Ouradoption for existing practicehedge relationships and for new hedge relationships entered into after adoption subsequent to their hedge inception in cases where initial quantitative testing is consistentrequired. Such qualitative assessments would require us to quarterly verify and document that the facts and circumstances underlying the hedging relationship have not changed since hedge inception.

Transition:

Upon adoption, the modified retrospective method will be applied. This means all cumulative-effect adjustments, which includes eliminating the separate measurement of ineffectiveness to AOCI, will be recognized to the opening balance of retained earnings as of the beginning of January 1, 2019.
Permits us to modify the risk being hedged without de-designation of the fair value hedging relationship. Such a modification will require us to recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment. We also may elect to de-designate a portion of the modified hedged item. In such cases, we reverse the portion of the cumulative basis adjustment related to the hedged item de-designated cumulative basis adjustment with the requirements outlined below:offsetting entry recognized as a cumulative effect adjustment.

We classify cash payments related
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logoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to prepaying or extinguishing our consolidated obligations as financing activitiesFinancial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in our statements of cash flows.tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

We classifyPermits us to reclassify a debt security from held-to-maturity to available-for-sale if the cash payments attributabledebt security is eligible to interest expense paidbe included in the hedged item involving the last-of-the layer method. Any unrealized gain or loss at the maturitydate of our discount notes, which have a zero coupon rate, as operating activitiesthe transfer would be recorded in our statements of cash flows and in our supplemental disclosure of interest expense paid.AOCI.

We are reviewing the expected effect of the guidance’s remaining provisionsThe presentation and disclosure guidance will be adopted on our statements of cash flows. This guidance does not have any effect on our financial condition and results of operations.a prospective basis.

Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASU 2016-13)

In June of 2016, the FASB amended existing GAAP guidance applicable to measuring credit losses on financial instruments. The amendments are expected to result in recognizing credit losses inSpecifically, the financial statements on a timelier basis by utilizing forward looking information. Key provisions of the amendments relevant to us are outlined below.

Replacesamendment replaces the “incurred loss” impairment methodology applied under current GAAP with an “expected credit losses” methodology.

The expected credit losses methodology requires us to estimate all credit losses on financial instruments carried on an amortized cost basis and off-balance-sheet credit exposures over their contractual term. On balance sheet financial instruments include, but are not limited to, advances, MPF Loans held in portfolio, and Held-to-maturityheld-to-maturity (HTM) securities. Off-balance-sheet credit exposure refers to unfunded credit exposures, such as standby letters of credit.

The measurement of expected credit losses is based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the financial instrument’s reported amount. Accordingly, the amendment is expected to result in recognizing credit losses in the financial statements on a timelier basis by utilizing forward looking information.

In addition, the accounting for securities is amended as follows:

Aligns the income statement recognition of credit losses for securities with the reporting period in which changes in collectability occur by recording credit losses (and subsequent reversals) through an allowance rather than a write-down as currently required under GAAP.

Requires recognition of a credit loss on available-for-sale (AFS) securities into the income statement if the present value of cash flows expected to be collected on the security is less than its amortized cost basis. Additionally, the allowance on AFS debt securities will be limited to the amount by which fair value is less than the amortized cost basis.

Expands upon the current credit quality disclosures by requiring further disaggregation of financial instruments by their year of origination. This disclosure is expected to help financial statement users better understand credit quality trends of asset portfolios.

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logoa14.jpg
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


The amendments become effectivenew guidance takes effect January 1, 2020, with early2020. Upon adoption, permitted effective January 1, 2019. We planany difference in the credit loss amount attributable to implementboth our on balance sheet and off balance sheet financial instruments resulting from applying the expected credit loss methodology throughcompared to our existing incurred loss methodology will be recognized as a cumulative-effect adjustment to our beginningJanuary 1, 2020 opening retained earnings as of the first reporting period in which the new guidance becomes effective for us. The cumulative effect adjustment will equal the amount required to adjust our existing allowance for credit losses for our on balance-sheet financial instruments and other liabilities for our off-balance sheet financial instruments to the amounts determined under the expected credit losses methodology.balance. A prospective transition approach is required for debt securities in which ansecurities. Accordingly, any OTTI impairment had been recognized before our effective date. The accounting implications of such an approach is outlined below:

Write-downswrite-downs on securities recognized prior to our effective date on securitiesJanuary 1, 2020 may not be reversed at the time of our adoption.

Improvements in expected cash flows subsequent to adoption for suchthese securities will continue to be accounted for as yield adjustments over their remaining life.

Recoveries of amounts previously written off prior to the date of adoption Additionally, recoveries for these securities will be recorded in earnings only when received.

We are in the process of reviewing the expected effect of this guidance on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Leases (ASU 2016-02)

In February of 2016, the FASB issued new guidance pertaining to lease accounting.accounting guidance. A modified retrospective transition approach will be utilized at the time of adoption, which is January 1, 2019. The primary change to our existing accounting practice resulting from the new guidance is the requirementrequires us to recognize operating leases and right-to-use assets with a termterms exceeding 12 months, if any, in our statements of condition rather thancondition. Our existing practice is to recognize themoperating leases off-balance sheet. The new guidance becomes effective January 1, 2019. A modified retrospective transition approach is requiredexpense related to our lease payments and the interest expense on our lease obligations will continue to be applied to leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginningincluded in a single line item in our statements of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements.income. We do not expect the new guidance to have a significant effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows since our existing off-balance sheet operating leases are not material.

Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial

In January of 2016, the FASB issued new guidance governing recognition and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities. The new guidance becomes effective January 1, 2018. The key provisions applicable to us include, but are not limited to, the following:

The ability to elect the fair value option will continue to be permitted.

Requires recognizing the portion of the total change in fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk in other comprehensive income when we elect to carry that liability at fair value under the fair value option. We do not expect the change in fair value attributable to the instrument-specific credit risk on our consolidated obligations carried at fair value to have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows; however, we will continue to monitor its potential effect. This is primarily because of the historically stable high debt ratings for our consolidated obligations and the fact that all FHLBs are joint and severally liable for consolidated obligation debt.

Requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category, such as amortized cost, and form, such as securities or loans, on our statements of condition or the accompanying notes to the financial statements

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

In May of 2014, the FASB issued new guidance governing revenue recognition from contracts with customers. Subsequently, the FASB deferred the effective date of the new guidance until January 1, 2018 and issued several pronouncements that provide additional revenue recognition guidance and clarifications to new guidance. The new revenue recognition guidance is not expected to have a material effect, if any, on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows at the time of adoption. This is because the majority of our financial instruments and other contractual rights that generate revenue are covered by other GAAP, and therefore, the revenue recognition guidance is not applicable to these financial instruments and other contractual rights.

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logoa14.jpglogoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 4 – Interest Income and Interest Expense
The following table presents interest income and interest expense for the periods indicated:
Three months ended March 31, Three months ended March 31,
2017 2016 2018 2017
Interest income -       
   
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell$15
 $4
       
Trading1
 2
 $6
 $1
       
Available-for-sale interest income108
 111
 104
 108
Available-for-sale prepayment fees4
 21
 7
 4
Available-for-sale112
 132
 111
 112
       
Held-to-maturity interest income53
 59
Held-to-maturity 46
 53
       
Investment securities166
 193
 163
 166
       
Advance interest income98
 62
Advance prepayment fees1
 1
Advances99
 63
 214
 99
       
MPF Loans held in portfolio54
 57
 55
 54
Other interest bearing assets3
 1
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell 44
 15
Other 4
 3
       
Interest income337
 318
 480
 337
       
Interest expense -       
       
Consolidated obligations -    
Discount notes96
 82
 183
 96
Bonds125
 102
 169
 125
Consolidated obligations221
 184
       
Subordinated notes
 14
Other interest bearing liabilities3
 
Other 4
 3
       
Interest expense224
 198
 356
 224
       
Net interest income$113
 $120
 $124
 $113



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logoa14.jpglogoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 5 – Investment Securities


We classify securities as either trading, held-to-maturity (HTM), or available-for-sale (AFS). Our security disclosures within these classifications are disaggregated by major security types as shown below. Our major security types are based on the nature and risks of the security.

U.S. Government & other government related may consist of the sovereign debt of the United States; debt issued by government sponsored enterprises (GSE); and non-mortgage-backed securities of the Small Business Administration and Tennessee Valley Authority.
Federal Family Education Loan Program - asset backed securities (FFELP ABS).
GSE residential mortgage-backed securities (MBS) issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
Government-guaranteedGovernment guaranteed MBS.
Private-labelPrivate label residential MBS.
State or local housing agency obligations.


Pledged Collateral

We disclose the amount of investment securities pledged as collateral pertaining to our derivatives activity on our statements of condition. Also seeSee Note 9 - Derivatives and Hedging Activities for further details.


Trading Securities

The following table presents the fair value of our trading securities. We had no materialOur unrealized gains or losses on trading securities.securities still held on our statement of condition as of the end of the reporting period were not material.

As of March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
U.S. Government & other government related $200
 $1,005
 $2,565
 $202
Residential MBS:    
Residential MBS    
GSE 39
 39
 30
 30
Government-guaranteed 1
 1
Government guaranteed 1
 1
Trading securities $240
 $1,045
 $2,596
 $233



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logoa14.jpglogoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Amortized Cost Basis and Fair Value – Available-for-Sale Securities (AFS)

Amortized Cost Basis Gross Unrealized Gains in AOCI Gross Unrealized (Losses) in AOCI Carrying Amount and Fair ValueAmortized Cost Basis Gross Unrealized Gains in AOCI Gross Unrealized (Losses) in AOCI Carrying Amount and Fair Value
As of March 31, 2017       
As of March 31, 2018       
U.S. Government & other government related$295
 $13
 $
 $308
$236
 $13
 $
 $249
State or local housing agency18
 
 
 18
17
 
 
 17
FFELP ABS4,317
 216
 (9) 4,524
3,891
 239
 
 4,130
Residential MBS:       
Residential MBS       
GSE8,154
 242
 (2) 8,394
6,944
 81
 (2) 7,023
Government-guaranteed1,243
 29
 
 1,272
Private-label47
 8
 
 55
Government guaranteed903
 18
 
 921
Private label39
 9
 
 48
Available-for-sale securities$14,074
 $508
 $(11) $14,571
$12,030
 $360
 $(2) $12,388
              
As of December 31, 2016       
As of December 31, 2017       
U.S. Government & other government related$322
 $15
 $(1) $336
$256
 $15
 $
 $271
State or local housing agency19
 
 
 19
21
 
 
 21
FFELP ABS4,431
 165
 (24) 4,572
3,987
 234
 (7) 4,214
Residential MBS:      
Residential MBS      
GSE8,291
 266
 (2) 8,555
7,275
 132
 (1) 7,406
Government-guaranteed1,346
 34
 
 1,380
Private-label50
 6
 
 56
Government guaranteed971
 24
 
 995
Private label40
 10
 
 50
Available-for-sale securities$14,459

$486

$(27)
$14,918
$12,550

$415

$(8)
$12,957


We had no sales of AFS securities for the periods presented.


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logoa14.jpglogoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Amortized Cost Basis, Carrying Amount, and Fair Value - Held-to-Maturity Securities (HTM)

Amortized Cost Basis Non-credit OTTI Recognized in AOCI (Loss) Carrying Amount Gross Unrecognized Holding Gains Gross Unrecognized Holding (Losses) Fair ValueAmortized Cost Basis Non-credit OTTI Recognized in AOCI (Loss) Carrying Amount Gross Unrecognized Holding Gains Gross Unrecognized Holding (Losses) Fair Value
As of March 31, 2017           
As of March 31, 2018           
U.S. Government & other government related$1,034
 $
 $1,034
 $38
 $(1) $1,071
$967
 $
 $967
 $16
 $(2) $981
State or local housing agency12
 
 12
 
 
 12
8
 
 8
 
 
 8
Residential MBS:           
Residential MBS           
GSE1,791
 
 1,791
 92
 
 1,883
1,453
 
 1,453
 46
 
 1,499
Government-guaranteed737
 
 737
 9
 
 746
Private-label813
 (168) 645
 286
 (1) 930
Government guaranteed531
 
 531
 4
 
 535
Private label625
 (136) 489
 279
 
 768
Held-to-maturity securities$4,387
 $(168) $4,219
 $425
 $(2) $4,642
$3,584
 $(136) $3,448
 $345
 $(2) $3,791
                      
As of December 31, 2016           
As of December 31, 2017           
U.S. Government & other government related$1,733
 $
 $1,733
 $42
 $(1) $1,774
$1,531
 $
 $1,531
 $29
 $(1) $1,559
State or local housing agency13
 
 13
 
 
 13
9
 
 9
 
 
 9
Residential MBS:    
     
Residential MBS    
     
GSE1,856
 
 1,856
 100
 
 1,956
1,513
 
 1,513
 62
 
 1,575
Government-guaranteed791
 
 791
 10
 
 801
Private-label856
 (177) 679
 294
 (1) 972
Government guaranteed585
 
 585
 6
 
 591
Private label662
 (143) 519
 285
 
 804
Held-to-maturity securities$5,249

$(177)
$5,072

$446

$(2)
$5,516
$4,300

$(143)
$4,157

$382

$(1)
$4,538


We had no sales of HTM securities for the periods presented.



Contractual Maturity Terms

The maturity of our AFS and HTM investments is detailed in the following table.

  Available-for-Sale Held-to-Maturity
As of March 31, 2018 Amortized Cost Basis Carrying Amount and Fair Value Carrying Amount Fair Value
Year of Maturity -        
Due in one year or less $22
 $22
 $140
 $139
Due after one year through five years 2
 2
 157
 160
Due after five years through ten years 54
 56
 123
 123
Due after ten years 175
 186
 555
 567
ABS and MBS without a single maturity date 11,777
 12,122
 2,473
 2,802
Total securities $12,030
 $12,388
 $3,448
 $3,791



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logoa14.jpglogoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Aging of Unrealized Temporary Losses

The following tables presenttable presents unrealized temporary losses on our AFS and HTM portfolio for periods less than 12 months and for 12 months or more. We recognized no OTTI charges on these unrealized loss positions because we expectpositions. Refer to recover the entire amortized cost basis, we do not intend to sell these securities, and we believe it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell them prior to recovering their amortized cost basis.Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Analysis section below for further discussion. In the tables below, in cases where the gross unrealized losses for an investment category are less than $1 million, the losses are not reported.

Available-for-Sale Securities

Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More TotalLess than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total
Fair Value Gross Unrealized (Losses) Fair Value Gross Unrealized (Losses) Fair Value Gross Unrealized (Losses)Fair Value Gross Unrealized (Losses) Fair Value Gross Unrealized (Losses) Fair Value Gross Unrealized (Losses)
As of March 31, 2017           
Available-for-Sale Securities           
As of March 31, 2018           
U.S. Government & other government related$
 $
 $47
 $
 $47
 $
$3
 $
 $
 $
 $3
 $
State or local housing agency5
 
 
 
 5
 
9
 
 
 
 9
 
FFELP ABS
 
 699
 (9) 699
 (9)
 
 635
 
 635
 
Residential MBS:    
      
Residential MBS    
      
GSE
 
 832
 (2) 832
 (2)455
 
 753
 (2) 1,208
 (2)
Government-guaranteed
 
 22
 
 22
 
Private-label
 
 7
 
 7
 
Private label
 
 6
 
 6
 
Available-for-sale securities$5

$

$1,607

$(11)
$1,612

$(11)$467

$

$1,394

$(2)
$1,861

$(2)
           
As of December 31, 2016           
As of December 31, 2017           
U.S. Government & other government related$
 $
 $47
 $(1) $47

$(1)$3
 $
 $
 $
 $3

$
State or local housing agency7
 
 
 
 7


4
 
 
 
 4


FFELP ABS
 
 753
 (24) 753

(24)
 
 644
 (7) 644

(7)
Residential MBS:        


Residential MBS        


GSE51
 
 801
 (1) 852

(1)
Private label
 
 7
 
 7


Available-for-sale securities$58

$

$1,452

$(8)
$1,510

$(8)
           
Held-to-Maturity Securities           
As of March 31, 2018           
U.S. Government & other government related$74
 $
 $24

$(2) $98
 $(2)
State or local housing agency8
 
 
 
 8
 
Residential MBS    
 
    
GSE
 
 991
 (2) 991

(2)
 
 2
 
 2
 
Government-guaranteed
 
 23
 
 23


135
 
 
 
 135
 
Private-label
 
 8
 
 8


Available-for-sale securities$7

$

$1,822

$(27)
$1,829

$(27)
Private label
 
 734
 (136) 734
 (136)
Held-to-maturity securities$217

$

$760

$(138)
$977

$(138)
As of December 31, 2017           
U.S. Government & other government related$594
 $
 $24
 $(1) $618

$(1)
State or local housing agency2
 
 
 
 2


Residential MBS        




GSE
 
 2
 
 2


Private label
 
 769
 (143) 769

(143)
Held-to-maturity securities$596

$

$795

$(144)
$1,391

$(144)



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logoa14.jpg
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Held-to-Maturity Securities

 Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total
 Fair Value Gross Unrealized (Losses) Fair Value Gross Unrealized (Losses) Fair Value Gross Unrealized (Losses)
As of March 31, 2017           
U.S. Government & other government related$22
 $
 $16
 $(1) $38
 $(1)
State or local housing agency
 
 1
 
 1
 
Residential MBS:           
GSE
 
 4
 
 4
 
Private-label
 
 895
 (169) 895
 (169)
Held-to-maturity securities$22

$

$916

$(170)
$938

$(170)
            
As of December 31, 2016           
U.S. Government & other government related$26
 $
 $17
 $(1) $43

$(1)
State or local housing agency
 
 1
 
 1


Residential MBS:        




GSE
 
 4
 
 4


Government-guaranteed117
 
 
 
 117
 
Private-label
 
 934
 (178) 934

(178)
Held-to-maturity securities$143

$

$956

$(179)
$1,099

$(179)
logoa29.jpg


Contractual Maturity Terms

The maturityFederal Home Loan Bank of our investments has not materially changed since December 31, 2016. For details on the aging of our investments seeChicago Note 5 - Investment Securities to the financial statements in our 2016 Form 10-K.



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logoa14.jpg
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Analysis

We recognized no OTTI charges on HTM or AFS securities for the periods presented. This is because we do not intend to sell these securities, we believe it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell them prior to recovering their amortized cost basis, and we expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis.

We assess an HTM or AFS private-label MBS security for OTTI whenever its fair value is less than its amortized cost basis as of the reporting date. Our assessment entails generating cash flow projections to determine OTTI, if any, For further detail on our private-label MBS. Our initial cash flow projections are based on key modeling assumptions, significant inputs, and methodologies provided by an FHLB Systemaccounting policy regarding OTTI Committee, which was formed byplease see Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the FHLBs to achieve consistency among the FHLBsfinancial statements in their OTTI analyses for private-label MBS. We then determine the final cash flow projections after assessing the reasonableness of, and if necessary, modifying those assumptions, significant inputs, and methodologies used. We also perform present value calculations using appropriate historical cost bases and yields to crosscheck the reasonableness of the final cash flow projections. OTTI exists when a security's cash flow projection is not expected to result in the recovery of its entire amortized cost basis.our 2017 Form 10-K.

As of March 31, 2017,2018, we had a base case short-term housing price forecast overfor all markets with projected changes ranging from -5.0%-7.0% to +10.0%+12.0% over the twelve month period beginning January 1, 2017.2018. For the vast majority of markets, the short-term forecast has changes ranging from 0.0%+1.0% to +6.0%. 

The following table presents the changes in the cumulative amount of previously recorded OTTI credit losses (recognized into earnings) on investment securities recognized into earnings for the reporting periods indicated.

 Three months ended March 31, Three months ended March 31,
 2017 2016 2018 2017
Beginning Balance $520
 $568
 $477
 $520
Reductions:        
Increases in expected future cash flows recorded as accretion into interest income (12) (13)
Increases in cash flows expected to be collected and recognized into interest income (9) (12)
Ending Balance $508
 $555
 $468
 $508


Ongoing Litigation

On October 15, 2010, we instituted litigation relating to 64 private-labelprivate label MBS bonds we purchased in an aggregate original principal amount of $4.29 billion.purchased. As of March 31, 2017,2018, the remaining litigation covers three private-labelprivate label MBS bonds in the aggregate originaloutstanding principal amount of $65$38 million.

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logoa14.jpglogoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 6 – Advances

We offer a wide range of fixed- and variable-rate advance products with different maturities, interest rates, payment characteristics and optionality.

The following table presents our advances by terms of contractual maturity. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because some borrowers have the right to call or prepay advances with or without penalties.

As of March 31, 2017 Amount   Weighted Average Contractual Interest Rate 
As of March 31, 2018 Amount   Weighted Average Contractual Interest Rate 
Due in one year or less $18,554
 0.93%  $22,954
 1.74% 
One to two years 4,015
 1.09%  2,435
 1.84% 
Two to three years 1,553
 1.48%  2,204
 2.01% 
Three to four years 1,188
 1.72%  1,898
 1.79% 
Four to five years 1,798
 1.53%  4,326
 2.08% 
More than five years 15,130
 1.02%
a 
 17,049
 1.83%
a 
Par value $42,238
 1.04%  $50,866
 1.82% 

a 
The weighted average interest rate is relatively lowerlow when compared to other categories due to a majority of advances in this category consisting of variable rate advances which reset periodically at currentmarket prevailing interest rates.


We have no allowance for credit losses on our advances. See Note 8 - Allowance for Credit Losses to the financial statements for further information related to our credit risk on advances.

The following table reconciles the par value of our advances to the carrying amount on our statements of condition as of the dates indicated.

As of March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Par value $42,238
 $44,965
 $50,866
 $48,020
Fair value hedging adjustments 87
 98
 (13) 69
Other adjustments 3
 4
 (13) (4)
Advances $42,328
 $45,067
 $50,840
 $48,085



The following advance borrowers exceeded 10% of our advances outstanding:

As of March 31, 2017 Par Value % of Total Outstanding
One Mortgage Partners Corp. $11,000
a 
26.0%
BMO Harris Bank, National Association 4,375
 10.4%
As of March 31, 2018 Par Value % of Total Outstanding
One Mortgage Partners Corp. $11,000
a 
21.6%
The Northern Trust Company 7,000
 13.8%
BMO Harris Bank, NA 5,975
 11.7%
a 
One Mortgage Partners Corp. is a subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase Bank NA.

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logoa14.jpglogoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 7 – MPF Loans Held in Portfolio

We acquire MPF Loans from PFIs to hold in our portfolio and in some cases wehistorically purchased participations in pools of eligible mortgage loans from other FHLBs (MPF Banks). MPF Loans that are held in portfolio are fixed-rate conventional and government mortgage loansGovernment Loans secured by one-to-four family residential properties with maturities ranging from 5 years to 30 years or participations in pools of similar eligible mortgage loans from other MPF Banks.

The following table presents information on MPF Loans held in portfolio by contractual maturity at the time of purchase.

As of March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Medium term (15 years or less) $364
 $417
 $290
 $285
Long term (greater than 15 years) 4,515
 4,489
 4,995
 4,835
Unpaid principal balance 4,879
 4,906
 5,285
 5,120
Net premiums, credit enhancement and deferred loan fees 40
 38
 57
 55
Fair value hedging adjustments 24
 26
 17
 20
MPF Loans held in portfolio, before allowance for credit losses 4,943
 4,970
 5,359
 5,195
Allowance for credit losses on MPF Loans (3) (3) (2) (2)
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net $4,940
 $4,967
 $5,357
 $5,193
        
Conventional mortgage loans $3,823
 $3,818
 $4,321
 $4,133
Government Loans 1,056
 1,088
 964
 987
Unpaid principal balance $4,879
 $4,906
 $5,285
 $5,120

The above table excludes MPF Loans acquired under the MPF Xtra, MPF Direct, and MPF Government MBS products, which are classified as MPF Loans held for sale, and depending on timing, may be reflected as Other Assetsproducts. See Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in our Statements2017 Form 10-K for information related to the accounting treatment of Condition. We either concurrently sell these loans to third party investors or hold them for a short time period until such loans are securitized.

off balance sheet MPF Loan products.

See Note 8 - Allowance for Credit Losses to the financial statements for information related to our credit losses on MPF Loans held in portfolio.



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logoa14.jpglogoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 8 – Allowance for Credit Losses


See Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the financial statements in our 20162017 Form 10-K for further details regarding our allowance for credit losses methodology for each of the portfolio segments discussed below.

We have identified our portfolio segments as shown below:

Member credit products (advances, letters of credit and other extensions of credit to borrowers);
Conventional MPF Loans held in portfolio;
Government Loans held in portfolio; and
Federal Funds Sold and Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell.


Member Credit Products

We have not recorded any allowance for credit losses for our member credit products portfolio segment based upon our credit analysis and the repayment history on member credit products. We had no member credit products that were past due, on nonaccrual status, involved in a troubled debt restructuring or otherwise considered impaired. We have not recorded a separate liability to reflect credit losses on our member credit products with off-balance sheet credit exposure.


Conventional MPF Loans Held in Portfolio

For further detail of our MPF Risk Sharing Structure see page F-15F-16 in our 20162017 Form 10-K. There has been no material activity in our allowance for credit losses since December 31, 2016.2017. The following table presents the recorded investment and the allowance for credit losses in conventional MPF Loans by impairment methodology.

As of March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Recorded investment in conventional MPF Loans -    
Recorded investment -    
Individually evaluated for impairment $68
 $74
 $47
 $49
Collectively evaluated for impairment 3,824
 3,812
 4,357
 4,167
Recorded investment $3,892
 $3,886
 $4,404
 $4,216
        
Allowance for credit losses on conventional MPF Loans -    
Homogeneous pools of loans collectively evaluated for impairment $3
 $3
Allowance for credit losses -    
Collectively evaluated for impairment $2
 $2



Government Loans Held in Portfolio

Servicers are responsible for absorbing any losses incurred on Government Loans held in portfolio that are not recovered from the government insurer or guarantor. We did not establish an allowance for credit losses on our Government Loans held in portfolio for the reporting periods presented based on our assessment that our servicers have the ability to absorb such losses. Further, Government Loans were not placed on nonaccrual status or disclosed as troubled debt restructurings for the same reason.


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logoa14.jpglogoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Credit Quality Indicators - MPF Loans Held in Portfolio

The following table summarizes our recorded investment in MPF Loans by our key credit quality indicators, which include:

"Serious delinquency rate" consists of MPF Loans that are 90 days or more past due or in the process of foreclosure, as a percentage of the total recorded investment. MPF Loans that are both 90 days or more past due and in the process of foreclosure are only included once in our serious delinquency rate calculation.

"Past due 90 days or more still accruing interest" consists of MPF Loans that are either insured or guaranteed by the government or conventional mortgage loans that are well secured (by collateral that have a realizable value sufficient to discharge the debt or by the guarantee or insurance, such as primary mortgage insurance, of a financially responsible party) and in the process of collection.

  March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 
As of Conventional Government Total Conventional Government Total 
Past due 30-59 days $78
 $48
 $126
 $83
 $57
 $140
 
Past due 60-89 days 24
 18
 42
 26
 17
 43
 
Past due 90 days or more 63
 23
 86
 69
 23
 92
 
Past due 165
 89
 254
 178

97
 275
 
Current 3,727
 988
 4,715
 3,708
 1,013
 4,721
 
Recorded investment $3,892
 $1,077
 $4,969
 $3,886

$1,110
 $4,996
 
In process of foreclosure $30
 $8
 $38
 $35
 $7
 $42
 
Serious delinquency rate 1.67% 2.14% 1.77% 1.82% 2.07% 1.88% 
Past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest $8
 $23
 $31
 $8
 $23
 $31
 
On nonaccrual status $68
 $
 $68
 $74
 $
 $74
 



Individually Evaluated Impaired MPF Loans

The following table summarizes the recorded investment, unpaid principal balance, and related allowance for credit losses attributable to individually evaluated impaired conventional MPF Loans. Conventional MPF Loans are individually evaluated for impairment when they are adversely classified. There is no allowance for credit losses attributable to conventional MPF Loans that are individually evaluated for impairment, since the related allowance for credit losses have been charged off.
As of March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016
Recorded investment without an allowance for credit losses $68
 $74
Unpaid principal balance without an allowance for credit losses 73
 80


We do not recognize interest income on impaired loans.conventional MPF Loans.

  March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 
As of Conventional Government Total Conventional Government Total 
Past due 30-59 days $78
 $47
 $125
 $74
 $48
 $122
 
Past due 60-89 days 20
 15
 35
 21
 16
 37
 
Past due 90 days or more 46
 21
 67
 48
 21
 69
 
Past due 144
 83
 227
 143

85
 228
 
Current 4,260
 900
 5,160
 4,073
 921
 4,994
 
Recorded investment $4,404
 $983
 $5,387
 $4,216

$1,006
 $5,222
 
In process of foreclosure $19
 $7
 $26
 $21
 $7
 $28
 
Serious delinquency rate 1.06% 2.08% 1.25% 1.16% 2.11% 1.34% 
Past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest $8
 $20
 $28
 $8
 $21
 $29
 
Impaired loans without an allowance for credit losses and on nonaccrual status 47
 
 47
 49
 
 49
 
Unpaid principal balance of impaired loans without an allowance for credit losses 50
 
 50
 53
 
 53
 



Term Federal Funds Sold and Term Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell

We only held overnight Federal Funds sold and Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell as of March 31, 2017,2018, and December 31, 2016.2017. We did not have any longer term Federal Funds sold and Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell arrangements. We did not establish an allowance for credit losses for our overnight Federal Funds sold since all Federal Funds sold were repaid according to their contractual terms. We also did not establish an allowance for credit losses for overnight securities purchased under agreements to resell since all payments due under the contractual terms have been received and we hold sufficient underlying collateral.

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logoa14.jpglogoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 9 – Derivatives and Hedging Activities

SeeRefer to Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in our 20162017 Form 10-K for our accounting policies for derivatives.

We transact most of our derivatives with large banks and major broker-dealers. Some of these banks and broker-dealers or their affiliates buy, sell, and distribute consolidated obligations. We are not a derivatives dealer and do not trade derivatives for speculative purposes. We enter into derivative transactions through either of the following:

A bilateral agreement with an individual counterparty for over-the-counter derivative transactions.

Clearinghouses classified as DCOsDerivatives Clearing Organizations (DCOs) through FCMs,Futures Commission Merchants (FCMs), which are clearing members of the DCOs, for cleared derivative transactions.

Managing Interest Rate Risk

We use fair value hedges to offset changes in the fair value or a benchmark interest rate (e.g., LIBOR) related to (1) a recognized asset or liability or (2) an unrecognized firm commitment. We use cash flow hedges to offset an exposure to variability in expected future cash flows associated with an existing recognized asset or liability or a forecasted transaction. We use economic hedges in cases where hedge accounting treatment is not permitted or achievable; for example, hedges of portfolio interest rate risk or financial instruments carried at fair value under the fair value option.

Managing Credit Risk on Derivative Agreements

Over-the-counter (bilateral) Derivative Transactions: We are subject to credit risk due to the risk of nonperformance by counterparties to our derivative agreements. For bilateral derivative agreements, the degree of counterparty risk depends on the extent to which master netting arrangements, collateral requirements and other credit enhancements are included in such contracts to mitigate the risk. We manage counterparty credit risk through credit analysis, collateral requirements and adherence to the requirements set forth in our policies and FHFA regulations. We require collateral agreements on all over-the-counter derivatives that establish collateral delivery thresholds.derivatives. Additionally, collateral related to over-the-counter derivatives with member institutions includes collateral assigned to us, as evidenced by a written security agreement, and which may be held by the member institution for our benefit. Based on credit analyses and collateral requirements, we do not anticipate any credit losses on our over-the-counter derivative agreements. See Note 13 - Fair Value to the financial statements in this Form 10-Q and Note 16 - Fair Value in our 20162017 Form 10-K for discussion regarding our fair value methodology for over-the-counter derivative assets and liabilities, including an evaluation of the potential for the fair value of these instruments to be affected by counterparty credit risk.

OurFor nearly all of our bilateral derivative transactions executed prior to March 1, 2017, and for all transactions entered into after March 1, 2017, our bilateral derivative agreements are fully collateralized with a zero unsecured threshold in accordance with variation margin requirements issued by the U.S. federal bank regulatory agencies and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). For certain transactions executed prior to March 1, 2017, we may contain provisions that require usbe required to post net additional collateral with our counterparties if there is deterioration in our credit rating, except for those derivative agreements with a zero unsecured collateral threshold for both parties, in which case positions are required to be fully collateralized regardless of credit rating. If our credit rating is lowered by a major credit rating agency, such as Standard and Poor's or Moody’s, we would be required to deliver additional collateral on derivatives in net liability positions.  If our credit rating had been lowered from its current rating to the next lower rating by a major credit rating agency, such as Standard and Poor's or Moody’s, the amount of collateral we would have been required to deliver up to an additional $25 million of collateral at fair value to our derivatives counterpartieswould not have been material at March 31, 2017.2018.

Cleared Derivative Transactions: Cleared derivative transactions are subject to variation and initial margin requirements established by the DCO and its clearing members. As a result of rule changes adopted by our DCOs, variation margin payments are characterized as settlement of a derivative’s mark-to-market exposure and not as collateral against the derivative’s mark-to-market exposure. See Note 1 - Background and Basis of Presentation and Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for further discussion. We post our initial margin collateral payments and make variation margin settlement payments through our FCMs, on behalf of the DCO, which could expose us to institutional credit risk in the event that the FCMs or the DCO fail to meet their obligations. Clearing derivatives through a DCO mitigates counterparty credit risk exposure because the DCO is substituted for individual counterparties and variation margin settlement payments are made daily through the FCMs for changes in the value of cleared derivatives. The DCO determines initial margin requirements for cleared derivatives. In this regard, we pledged $78$64 million of investment securities that can be sold or repledged, as part of our initial margin related to cleared derivative transactions at March 31, 2017.2018. Additionally, an FCM may require additional initial margin to be posted based on credit considerations, including but not limited to, if our credit rating downgrades.  We had no requirement to post additional initial margin by our FCMs at March 31, 2017.2018.


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logoa14.jpglogoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

The following table presents details on the notional amounts, and cleared and bilateral derivative assets and liabilities on our statements of condition. Effective in January of 2017,To conform with our current presentation method, we began treating dailyreclassified variation margin on ourfor cleared derivatives as cash settlements instead of as cash collateral.December 31, 2017, in the amounts of $16 million on our derivative assets and $168 million on our derivative liabilities, to the appropriate interest rate contracts line items.

 March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016  March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 
As of Notional Amount Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities Notional Amount Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities  Notional Amount Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities Notional Amount Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities 
Derivatives in hedge accounting relationships-                          
Interest rate swaps $26,303
 $46
 $813
 $25,999
 $40
 $898
 
Interest rate contracts $28,258
 $37
 $397
 $26,655
 $25
 $367
 
Derivatives not in hedge accounting relationships-                          
Interest rate swaps 22,593
 318
 228
 27,769
 353
 260
 
Interest rate swaptions 415
 41
 
 415
 41
 
 
Interest rate caps or floors 1,129
 27
 
 1,129
 38
 
 
Mortgage delivery commitments 792
 1
 1
 760
 2
 2
 
Interest rate contracts 24,829

155

84
 20,506
 199
 122
 
Other 132



1
 132
 
 1
  888

1

1
 810
 1
 1
 
Derivatives not in hedge accounting relationships 25,061
 387
 230
 30,205

434

263
  25,717
 156
 85
 21,316

200

123
 
Variation margin daily settlements on cleared derivatives   (12) (199)       
Gross derivative amount before netting adjustments and cash collateral $51,364
 421
 844
 $56,204

474

1,161
  $53,975
 193
 482
 $47,971

225

490
 
Netting adjustments and cash collateral   (418)
a 
(805)
a 
  (468)
a 
(1,118)
a 
   (191) (463)   (222) (470) 
Derivatives on statements of condition   $3
 $39
   $6
 $43
    $2
 $19
   $3
 $20
 
Cash collateral received on derivative assets   $39
     $35
   
Cash collateral posted on derivative liabilities     $310
     $284
 

a


The following table presents the noninterest income on derivatives and hedging activities as presented in the statements of income. The amounts attributable to fair value and cash flow hedges represent hedge ineffectiveness.

  Three months ended March 31,
For the periods ending 2018 2017
Fair value hedges - interest rate contracts $2
 $2
Cash flow hedges - interest rate contracts 1
 1
Economic hedges -    
Interest rate contracts (7) 
Other 1
 
Economic hedges (6) 
Noninterest income on derivatives and hedging activities $(3) $3
Cash collateral posted was $415 million and $689 million at March 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016, and cash collateral received was $27 million and $40 million.


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logoa14.jpglogoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

The following table presents details regarding the offsetting of our derivative assets and liabilities on our statements of condition. Effective in January of 2017, we began treating daily variation margin on our cleared derivatives as cash settlements instead of as cash collateral.
 Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities  Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities 
 Bilateral Cleared Total Bilateral Cleared Total  Bilateral Cleared Total Bilateral Cleared Total 
As of March 31, 2017             
As of March 31, 2018             
Derivatives with legal right of offset -                          
Gross recognized amount $318
 $102
 $420
 $731
 $112
 $843
  $183
 $9
 $192
 $461
 $20
 $481
 
Netting adjustments and cash collateral (316) (102) (418) (703) (102) (805)  (182) (9) (191) (453) (10) (463) 
Derivatives with legal right of offset - net 2
 
 2
 28
 10
 38
  1
 
 1
 8
 10
 18
 
Derivatives without legal right of offset 1
 
 1
 1
 
 1
  1
 
 1
 1
 
 1
 
Derivatives on statements of condition 3
 
 3
 29
 10
 39
  2
 
 2
 9
 10
 19
 
Noncash collateral received and cannot be sold or repledged 
   
 
 10
 10
 
Noncash collateral pledged and cannot be sold or repledged   (1) (1)       
Less:             
Noncash collateral received or pledged and cannot be sold or repledged 
 
 
 
 10
 10
 
Net amount $3
 $1
 $4
 $29
 $
 $29
  $2
 $
 $2
 $9
 $
 $9
 
                          
As of December 31, 2016             
As of December 31, 2017             
Derivatives with legal right of offset -                          
Gross recognized amount $339
 $133
 $472
 $820
 $339
 $1,159
  $216
 $8
 $224
 $476
 $13
 $489
 
Netting adjustments and cash collateral (335) (133) (468) (788) (330) (1,118)  (214) (8) (222) (463) (7) (470) 
Derivatives with legal right of offset - net 4



4

32

9

41
  2



2

13

6

19
 
Derivatives without legal right of offset 2
 
 2
 2
 
 2
  1
 
 1
 1
 
 1
 
Derivatives on statements of condition 6



6

34

9

43
  3



3

14

6

20
 
Noncash collateral received and cannot be sold or repledged 
   
 
 9
 9
 
Cash collateral for initial margin   (1) (1)       
Noncash collateral pledged and cannot be sold or repledged   (2) (2)       
Less:             
Noncash collateral received or pledged and cannot be sold or repledged 
 (1) (1) 
 6
 6
 
Net amount $6
 $3
 $9
 $34
 $
 $34
  $3
 $1
 $4
 $14
 $
 $14
 



At March 31, 2017,2018, we had $66$55 million of additional credit exposure on cleared derivatives due to pledging of noncash collateral to our DCOs for initial margin, which exceeded our derivative liability position. We had $86$60 million of comparable exposure at December 31, 2016.2017.






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logoa14.jpg
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


The following table presents the noninterest income on derivatives and hedging activities as presented in the statementslogoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of income.

  Three months ended March 31,
For the periods ending 2017 2016
Fair value hedges    
Interest rate swaps $2
 $(9)
Cash flow hedges 1
 
Economic hedges    
Interest rate swaps (5) (27)
Interest rate swaptions 
 11
Interest rate caps or floors (11) (3)
Net interest settlements 16
 12
Economic hedges 
 (7)
Noninterest income on derivatives and hedging activities $3
 $(16)



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logoa14.jpg
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Fair Value Hedges

The following table presents our fair value hedging results by the type of hedged item. We had no gain (loss) for hedges that no longer qualified as a fair value hedge. Additionally, the table indicates where fair value hedging results are classified in our statements of income. In this regard, the Amount Recorded in Net Interest Income column includes the following:

The amortization of closed fair value hedging adjustments, which are included in the interest income/expense line item of the respective hedged item type.

The effect of net interest settlements attributable to open derivative hedging instruments, which are recorded directly to the interest income/expense line item of the respective hedged item type.


 On Derivative On Hedged Item Total Ineffectiveness Recognized in Noninterest Income on Derivatives and Hedging Activities Amount Recorded in Net Interest Income Gain (Loss) on Hedging Instrument Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item Total Ineffectiveness Recognized in Derivatives and Hedging Activities Amount Recorded in Net Interest Income
        
Three months ended March 31, 2018       
Available-for-sale securities $37
 $(37) $
 $(18)
Advances 84
 (82) 2
 (2)
MPF Loans held for portfolio 
 
 
 (1)
Consolidated obligation bonds (124) 124
 
 (2)
Total $(3) $5
 $2
 $(23)
Three months ended March 31, 2017       
       
Available-for-sale securities $25
 $(26) $(1) $(24) $25
 $(26) $(1) $(24)
Advances 12
 (10) 2
 (11) 12
 (10) 2
 (11)
MPF Loans held for portfolio 
 
 
 (2) 
 
 
 (2)
Consolidated obligation bonds 9
 (8) 1
 13
 9
 (8) 1
 13
Total $46
 $(44) $2
 $(24) $46
 $(44) $2
 $(24)
        
Three months ended March 31, 2016       
Available-for-sale securities $(51) $48
 $(3) $(34)
Advances (110) 109
 (1) (20)
MPF Loans held for portfolio 
 
 
 (2)
Consolidated obligation bonds 68
 (73) (5) 22
Total $(93) $84
 $(9) $(34)



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Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Cash Flow Hedges

We are exposed to the variability in the total net proceeds received from forecasted zero-coupon discount note issuances, which is attributable to changes in the benchmark interest rate, London Interbank Offering Rate ("LIBOR"). As a result, we enter into cash flow hedge relationships utilizing derivative agreements to hedge the total net proceeds received from our "rolling" forecasted zero-coupon discount note issuances attributable to changes in LIBOR. The maximum length of time over which we are hedging this exposure is 3 years. We reclassify amounts in AOCI into our statements of income in the same periods during which the hedged forecasted transaction affects our earnings. We had no discontinued hedges.hedges for the periods presented. The deferred net gains (losses) on derivative instruments in AOCI that are expected to be reclassified to earnings during the next twelve months were $(6) millionnot material as of March 31, 2017. The maximum length of time over which we are hedging our exposure to the variability in future cash flows for forecasted transactions is 4 years.2018.

The following table presents our cash flow hedging results by type of hedged item. Additionally, the table indicates where cash flow hedging results are classified in our statements of income. In this regard, the Amount Recorded in Net Interest Income column includes the following:

The amortization of closed cash flow hedging adjustments, which are reclassified from AOCI into the interest income/expense line item of the respective hedged item type.

The effect of net interest settlements attributable to open derivative hedging instruments, which are recorded directly to the interest income/expense line item of the respective hedged item type.
 
 Ineffectiveness Recorded in Derivatives and Hedging Activities Effective Portion Recorded in AOCI Amount Recorded in Net Interest Income
Three months ended March 31, 2018     
Discount notes $1
 $59
 $(35)
 Ineffective Portion Recorded in Noninterest Income on Derivatives and Hedging Activities Effective Portion Recorded in AOCI Amount Recorded in Net Interest Income      
Three months ended March 31, 2017Three months ended March 31, 2017     
     
AdvancesInterest rate caps or floors $

$
 $2
 $
 $
 $2
Discount notesInterest rate swaps 1
 46
 (45) 1
 46
 (45)
BondsInterest rate swaps 
 
 (1) 
 
 (1)
Total $1
 $46
 $(44) $1
 $46
 $(44)
      
Three months ended March 31, 2016     
AdvancesInterest rate caps or floors $
 $
 $2
Discount notesInterest rate swaps 
 (52) (47)
BondsInterest rate swaps 
 
 (1)
Total $
 $(52) $(46)


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Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 10 – Consolidated Obligations

The FHLBs issue consolidated obligations through the Office of Finance as their agent. Consolidated obligations consist of discount notes and consolidated obligation bonds. Consolidated discount notes are issued to raise short-term funds, are issued at less than their face amount and redeemed at par value when they mature. The maturity of consolidated obligation bonds may range from less than one year to over 20 years, but they are not subject to any statutory or regulatory limits on maturity.

The following table presents our consolidated obligation discount notes for which we are the primary obligor. All are due in one year or less.
As of March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016
 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Carrying Amount $32,806
 $35,949
 $41,483
 $41,191
Weighted Average Interest Rate 0.62% 0.46% 1.50% 1.23%


The following table presents our consolidated obligation bonds, for which we are the primary obligor, including callable bonds that are redeemable in whole, or in part, at our discretion on predetermined call dates.
As of March 31, 2017 Contractual Maturity Weighted Average Interest Rate By Maturity or Next Call Date
As of March 31, 2018 Contractual Maturity Weighted Average Interest Rate By Maturity or Next Call Date
Due in one year or less $15,881
 1.21% $29,389
 $21,458
 1.47% $32,707
One to two years 6,953
 1.02% 3,877
 8,539
 1.57% 7,697
Two to three years 3,833
 1.32% 2,683
 3,168
 1.57% 1,788
Three to four years 2,025
 1.33% 784
 3,954
 2.03% 570
Four to five years 3,851
 1.97% 302
 3,064
 2.55% 678
Thereafter 5,341
 2.75% 849
 3,690
 2.72% 433
Total par value $37,884
 1.49% $37,884
 $43,873
 1.73% $43,873



The following table presents consolidated obligation bonds outstanding by call feature:
As of March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Noncallable $23,626
 $22,356
 $30,042
 $23,644
Callable 14,258
 14,778
 13,831
 13,703
Par value 37,884
 37,134
 43,873
 37,347
Fair value hedging adjustments (218) (229) (335) (214)
Other adjustments (4) (2) (22) (12)
Consolidated obligation bonds $37,662
 $36,903
 $43,516
 $37,121


The following table summarizes the consolidated obligations of the FHLBs and those for which we are the primary obligor. We did not accrue a liability for our joint and several liability related to the other FHLBs’ share of the consolidated obligations as of March 31, 2017,2018, and December 31, 2016.2017. See Note 17 - Commitments and Contingencies to the financial statements in our 20162017 Form 10-K for further details.
 March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Par values as of Bonds 
Discount
Notes
 Total Bonds 
Discount
Notes
 Total Bonds 
Discount
Notes
 Total Bonds 
Discount
Notes
 Total
FHLB System total consolidated obligations $581,938
 $377,342
 $959,280
 $579,189
 $410,122
 $989,311
 $629,431
 $389,799
 $1,019,230
 $642,211
 $392,049
 $1,034,260
FHLB Chicago as primary obligor 37,884
 32,829
 70,713
 37,134
 35,969
 73,103
 43,873
 41,530
 85,403
 37,347
 41,235
 78,582
As a percent of the FHLB System 7% 9% 7% 6% 9% 7% 7% 11% 8% 6% 11% 8%

 

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Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 11 – Capital and Mandatorily Redeemable Capital Stock (MRCS)

Under our Capital Plan our stock consists of two sub-classes of stock, Class B1 activity stock and Class B2 membership stock (together, Class B stock), both with a par value of $100 and redeemable on five years' written notice, subject to certain conditions. Under the Capital Plan, each member is required to own capital stock in an amount equal to the greater of a membership stock requirement or an activity stock requirement. Class B1 activity stock is available to support a member's activity stock requirement. Class B2 membership stock is available to support a member's membership stock requirement and any activity stock requirement.


Minimum Capital Requirements

For details on our minimum capital requirements, including how the ratios below were calculated, see Minimum Capital Requirements on page F-43F-44 of our 20162017 Form 10-K. We complied with our minimum regulatory capital requirements as shown below.
 March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
 Requirement Actual Requirement Actual Requirement Actual Requirement Actual
Risk-based capital $1,096
 $4,666
 $1,088
 $5,032
 $1,131
 $5,248
 $1,075
 $5,051
Total regulatory capital $3,044
 $4,666
 $3,148
 $5,032
 $3,656
 $5,248
 $3,374
 $5,051
Total regulatory capital ratio 4.00% 6.13% 4.00% 6.40% 4.00% 5.74% 4.00% 5.99%
Leverage capital $3,805
 $6,999
 $3,935
 $7,549
 $4,570
 $7,873
 $4,218
 $7,577
Leverage capital ratio 5.00% 9.20% 5.00% 9.59% 5.00% 8.61% 5.00% 8.98%

Total regulatory capital and leverage capital includes mandatorily redeemable capital stock (MRCS) but does not include AOCI. Under the FHFA regulation on capital classifications and critical capital levels for the FHLBs, we are adequately capitalized.

The following members exceededhad regulatory capital stock exceeding 10% of our total regulatory capital stock outstanding (which includes MRCS):

As of March 31, 2017 Regulatory Capital Stock Outstanding % of Total Outstanding Amount of Which is Classified as a Liability (MRCS)
One Mortgage Partners Corp. $245
a 
15.5% $245
BMO Harris Bank, National Association 197
 12.4% 
As of March 31, 2018 Regulatory Capital Stock Outstanding % of Total Outstanding Amount of Which is Classified as a Liability (MRCS)
BMO Harris Bank, NA $269
 14.2% $
One Mortgage Partners Corp. 245
a 
13.0% 245
The Northern Trust Company 215
 11.4% 
a 
One Mortgage Partners Corp. is a subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase Bank NA.


Repurchase of Excess Capital Stock

On January 26,Beginning in 2017, we began repurchasing all excess Class B2 membership stock on a weekly basis at par value, i.e., at $100 per share. Members may continue to request repurchase of excess stock on any business day in addition to the weekly repurchase. All repurchases of excess stock, including automatic weekly repurchases, will continue until otherwise announced, but remain subject to our regulatory requirements, certain financial and capital thresholds, and prudent business practices. Repurchase of excess capital stock held by members is subject to compliance with financial and capital thresholds, as detailed on page 57 of our 2016 Form 10-K.

As of March 31, 2017, our regulatory capital stock outstanding was $1.6 billion, a net decrease of $(429) million from year-end, due in part to these automatic weekly repurchases.


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Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 12 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)


The following table summarizes the gains (losses) in AOCI for the reporting periods indicated.

 Net Unrealized - Non-credit OTTI - Net Unrealized - Cash Flow Hedges     Net Unrealized - Non-credit OTTI - Net Unrealized - Cash Flow Hedges    
 Available-for-sale Securities Held-to-maturity Securities Post-Retirement Plans AOCI Available-for-sale Securities Held-to-maturity Securities Post-Retirement Plans AOCI
Three months ended March 31, 2018          
Beginning balance $407
 $(143) $(147) $(5) $112
Change in the period recorded to the statements of condition, before reclassifications to statements of income (49) 7
 59
 (2) 15
Amounts reclassified in period to statements of income:         

Non-interest gain (loss) 
 
 (1)   (1)
Ending balance $358
 $(136) $(89) $(7) $126
                    
Three months ended March 31, 2017                    
Beginning balance $459
 $(177) $(312) $(6) $(36) $459
 $(177) $(312) $(6) $(36)
Change in the period recorded to the statements of condition, before reclassifications to statements of income 38
 9
 46
 (2) 91
 38
 9
 46
 (2) 91
Amounts reclassified in period to statements of income:         

          
Net interest income 
 
 (1)   (1) 
 
 (1)   (1)
Non-interest gain (loss) 
 
 (1)   (1) 
 
 (1)   (1)
Non-interest expense       
 
Other comprehensive income in the period 38
 9
 44
 (2) 89
Ending balance $497
 $(168) $(268) $(8) $53
 $497
 $(168) $(268) $(8) $53
         
Three months ended March 31, 2016          
Beginning balance $658
 $(217) $(463) $(6) $(28)
Change in the period recorded to the statements of condition, before reclassifications to statements of income (40) 11
 (52) 
 (81)
Amounts reclassified in period to statements of income:          
Net interest income 
 
 (1)   (1)
Other comprehensive income in the period (40) 11
 (53) 
 (82)
Ending balance $618
 $(206) $(516) $(6) $(110)

 


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logoa14.jpglogoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 13 - Fair Value

Fair value represents the exit price that we would receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction with a market participant at the measurement date. See Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the financial statements in our 2016 Form 10-K for our fair value measurement policies. For a description of the valuation techniques and significant inputs see Note 16 - Fair Value to the financial statements in our 2016 Form 10-K.

The following tables aretable is a summary of the fair value estimates and related levels in the fair value hierarchy. The carrying amounts are as recorded inper the statements of condition. These tablesFair value estimates represent the exit prices that we would receive to sell assets or pay to transfer liabilities in an orderly transaction with market participants at the measurement date. They do not represent an estimate of our overall market value as a going concern, as they do not take into account future business opportunities and future netor profitability of assets and liabilities. We had no transfers between levels in the fair value hierarchy for the periods shown.

The following table shows the fair values See Note 2 - Summary of financial instruments that are measured at amortized cost onSignificant Accounting Policies in our statements of condition, unless we elect the2017 Form 10-K for our fair value optionpolicies and Note 16 - Fair Value in our 2017 Form 10-K for such instruments, in which case, such instruments are measured at fair value on our statements of condition. Financial instruments for which we elected the fair value option are measured at fair value on a recurring basisvaluation techniques and are shown on our statements of condition and are also included in the table on the following page, which details instruments carried at fair value on a recurring basis.significant inputs.

    Fair Value Hierarchy  Carrying Amount Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Netting & Cash Collateral 
Carrying Amount Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 
March 31, 2017          
Financial Assets -          
March 31, 2018             
Carried at amortized cost             
Cash and due from banks$34
 $34
 $34
 $
 $
  $40
 $40
 $40
 $
 $
   
Interest bearing deposits700
 700
 700
 
 
  775
 775
 775
 
 
   
Federal Funds sold8,317
 8,317
 
 8,317
 
 
Securities purchased under agreements to resell500
 500
 
 500
 
 
Federal Funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell 15,611

15,611



15,611


   
Held-to-maturity securities4,219
 4,642
 
 3,712
 930
  3,448
 3,791
 
 3,023
 768
   
Advances42,328
 42,348
 
 42,348
 
  49,923
 49,961
 
 49,961
 
   
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net4,940
 5,121
 
 5,097
 24
  5,354
 5,405
 
 5,391
 14
   
Financial Liabilities -      
   
Other assets 138
 138
 
 138
 
   
Carried at fair value on a recurring basis             
Trading securities 2,596
 2,596
 
 2,596
 
   
Government related non-MBS, ABS, and MBS 12,340

12,340



12,340


   
Private label residential MBS 48
 48
 
 
 48
   
Available-for-sale securities 12,388
 12,388
 
 12,340
 48
   
Advances - fair value option election 917
 917
 
 917
 
   
Derivative assets 2
 2
 
 193
 
 $(191)
a 
Other assets - fair value option election 76
 76
 
 76
 
   
Carried at fair value on a nonrecurring basis             
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net 3
 3
 
 
 3
   
Other assets 1
 1
 
 
 1
   
Total financial assets 91,272
 $91,704
 $815
 $90,246
 $834
 $(191) 
Other non financial assets 119
           
Total assets $91,391
           
Carried at amortized cost             
Deposits(564) (564) 
 (564) 
  $(685) $(685) $
 $(685) $
   
Consolidated obligation discount notes(32,806) (32,802) 
 (32,802) 
  (41,483) (41,479) 
 (41,479) 
   
Consolidated obligation bonds(37,662) (37,919) 
 (37,919) 
  (38,531) (38,605) 
 (38,605) 
   
Mandatorily redeemable capital stock(301) (301) (301) 
 
  (311) (311) (311) 
 
   
Other liabilities (106) (106) 
 (106) 
   
Carried at fair value on a recurring basis             
Consolidated obligation bonds - fair value option (4,985) (4,985) 
 (4,985) 
   
Derivative liabilities (19) (19) 
 (482) 
 $463
a 
Total financial liabilities (86,120) $(86,190) $(311) $(86,342) $
 $463
 
Other non financial liabilities (208)           
Total liabilities $(86,328)           
                       
December 31, 2016          
Financial Assets -          
Cash and due from banks$351
 $351
 $351
 $
 $
 
Interest bearing deposits650
 650
 650
 
 
 
Federal Funds sold4,075
 4,075
 
 4,075
 
 
Securities purchased under agreements to resell2,300
 2,300
 
 2,300
 
 
Held-to-maturity securities5,072
 5,516
 
 4,544
 972
 
Advances45,067
 45,065
 
 45,065
 
 
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net4,967
 5,162
 
 5,136
 26
 
Financial Liabilities -  
       
Deposits(496) (496) 
 (496) 
 
Consolidated obligation discount notes(35,949) (35,949) 
 (35,949) 
 
Consolidated obligation bonds(36,903) (37,149) 
 (37,149) 
 
Mandatorily redeemable capital stock(301) (301) (301) 
 
 


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Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


The following table presents financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis on our statements of condition. This includes advances, consolidated obligation discount notes and bonds, and mortgage loans held for sale for which we elected the fair value option. The Netting and Cash Collateral adjustment is attributable to our derivative transactions that are presented on a net basis in our statements of condition. See Note 1 - Background and Basis of Presentation,Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 9 - Derivatives and Hedging Activities for further details.
March 31, 2017 Level 2 Level 3 Netting and Cash Collateral Fair Value
U.S. Government & other government related non-MBS $200
 $
   $200
GSE residential MBS 39
 
   39
U.S. Governmental-guaranteed residential MBS 1
 
   1
Trading securities 240
 
   240
U.S. Government & other government related non-MBS 308
 
   308
State or local housing agency non-MBS 18
 
   18
FFELP ABS 4,524
 
   4,524
GSE residential MBS 8,394
 
   8,394
U.S. Government-guaranteed residential MBS 1,272
 
   1,272
Private-label residential MBS 
 55
   55
Available-for-sale securities 14,516
 55
   14,571
Advances 782
 
   782
Derivative assets 421
 
 $(418) 3
Other assets 56
 
   56
Financial assets at fair value $16,015
 $55
 $(418) $15,652
Consolidated obligation discount notes $(1,871) $
   $(1,871)
Consolidated obligation bonds (5,384) 
   (5,384)
Derivative liabilities (844) 
 $805
 (39)
Financial liabilities at fair value $(8,099) $
 $805
 $(7,294)
         
December 31, 2016        
U.S. Government & other government related non-MBS $1,005
 $
   $1,005
GSE residential MBS 39
 
   39
U.S. Governmental-guaranteed residential MBS 1
 
   1
Trading securities 1,045


   1,045
U.S. Government & other government related non-MBS 336
 
   336
State or local housing agency non-MBS 19
 
   19
FFELP ABS 4,572
 
   4,572
GSE residential MBS 8,555
 
   8,555
U.S. Government-guaranteed residential MBS 1,380
 
   1,380
Private-label residential MBS 
 56
   56
Available-for-sale securities 14,862

56
   14,918
Advances 672
 
   672
Derivative assets 474
 
 $(468) 6
Other assets 44
 
   44
Financial assets at fair value $17,097

$56

$(468) $16,685
Consolidated obligation discount notes $(6,368) $
   $(6,368)
Consolidated obligation bonds (5,443) 
   (5,443)
Derivative liabilities (1,161) 
 $1,118
 (43)
Financial liabilities at fair value $(12,972)
$

$1,118
 $(11,854)
  Carrying Amount Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Netting 
December 31, 2017   
Carried at amortized cost 

 

 

 

 

   
Cash and due from banks $42
 $42
 $42
 $
 $
   
Interest bearing deposits 775
 775
 775
 
 
   
Federal Funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell 12,561
 12,561
 
 12,561
 
   
Held-to-maturity securities 4,157
��4,538
 
 3,734
 804
   
Advances 47,309
 47,336
 
 47,336
 
   
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net 5,186
 5,306
 
 5,295
 11
   
Other assets 119
 119
 
 119
 
   
Carried at fair value on a recurring basis 

     

     
Trading securities 233
 233
 
 233
 
   
Government related non-MBS, ABS, and MBS 12,907

12,907



12,907


   
Private label residential MBS 50
 50
 
 
 50
   
Available-for-sale securities 12,957
 12,957
 
 12,907
 50
 

 
Advances - fair value option election 776
 776
 
 776
 
   
Derivative assets 3
 3
 
 225
 
 $(222)
a 
Other assets - fair value option election 118
 118
 
 118
 
   
Carried at fair value on a nonrecurring basis             
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net 7
 7
 
 
 7
   
Other assets 3
 3
 
 
 3
   
Total financial assets 84,246

$84,774

$817

$83,304

$875

$(222) 
Other non financial assets 109
           
Total assets $84,355
           
Carried at amortized cost             
Deposits (524) (524) 
 (524) 
   
Consolidated obligation discount notes (40,442) (40,437) 
 (40,437) 
   
Consolidated obligation bonds (31,861) (32,011) 
 (32,011) 
   
Mandatorily redeemable capital stock (311) (311) (311) 
 
   
Other liabilities (94) (94) 
 (94) 
   
Carried at fair value on a recurring basis             
Consolidated obligation discount notes - fair value option (749) (749) 
 (749) 
   
Consolidated obligation bonds - fair value option (5,260) (5,260) 
 (5,260) 
   
Derivative liabilities (20) (20) 
 (490) 
 470
a 
Total financial liabilities (79,261) $(79,406) $(311) $(79,565) $
 $470
 
Other non financial liabilities (242)           
Total liabilities $(79,503)           

a
The netting adjustment amount includes cash collateral (either received or paid by us) and related accrued interest in cases where we have a legal right, by contract (e.g., master netting agreement) or otherwise, to offset cash flow obligations between us and our counterparty into a single net payable or receivable. See Note 9 - Derivatives and Hedging Activities.



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Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Fair Value Option

We may elect the fair value option for financial instruments, such as advances, MPF Loans held for sale, and consolidated obligation discount notes and bonds, in cases where hedge accounting treatment may not be achieved due to the inability to meet the hedge effectiveness testing criterion. Financial instruments for which we elected the fair value option along with their related fair value are shown on our Statements of Condition. Refer to our Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the financial statements in our 20162017 Form 10-K for further details.

The following table presents the changes in fair values of financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value under the fair value option. These changes were recognized in noninterest income - instruments held under the fair value option in our statements of income.

  Three months ended March 31,
  2018 2017
Advances $(9) $
Consolidated obligation bonds 5
 (1)
Other assets (3) (1)
Noninterest income - Instruments held under fair value option $(7) $(2)


The following table reflects the difference between the aggregate unpaid principal balance (UPB) outstanding and the aggregate fair value for our long term financial instruments for which the fair value option has been elected. None of the advances were 90 days or more past due and none were on nonaccrual status.

 March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
As of Advances Consolidated Obligation Bonds Advances Consolidated Obligation Bonds Advances Consolidated Obligation Bonds Advances Consolidated Obligation Bonds
Unpaid principal balance $787
 $5,390

$677
 $5,447
 $935
 $5,003

$786
 $5,270
Fair value over (under) UPB (5) (6) (5) (4) (18) (18) (10) (10)
Fair value  $782
 $5,384
 $672
 $5,443
 $917
 $4,985
 $776
 $5,260




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Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 14 – Commitments and Contingencies

The following table shows our commitments outstanding, which represent off-balance sheet obligations.

 March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
As of Expire within one year Expire after one year Total Expire within one year Expire after one year Total Expire within one year Expire after one year Total Expire within one year Expire after one year Total
Unsettled consolidated obligation bonds $405
 $
 $405
 $10
 $
 $10
 $72
 $
 $72
 $
 $
 $
Unsettled consolidated obligation discount notes 1,000
 
 1,000
 
 
 
Member standby letters of credit 9,978
 2,382
a 
12,360
 8,459
 2,369
a 
10,828
 16,534
 3,598
a 
20,132
 15,703
 3,869
a 
19,572
Housing authority standby bond purchase agreements 23
 307
 330
 25
 281
 306
 33
 297
 330
 
 337
 337
Advance commitments 1
 1
 2
 15
 1
 16
 1,413
 13
 1,426
 151
 
 151
MPF delivery commitments 435
 
 435
 417
 
 417
 443
 
 443
 371
 
 371
Other commitments 11
 
 11
 24
 
 24
Other 6
 
 6
 14
 
 14
Commitments $10,853
 $2,690
 $13,543
 $8,950
 $2,651
 $11,601
 $19,501
 $3,908
 $23,409
 $16,239
 $4,206
 $20,445

a 
Contains $709$744 million and $486$750 million of member standby letters of credit at March 31, 2017,2018, and December 31, 2016,2017, which were renewable annually.

For a description of defined terms see Note 17 - Commitments and Contingencies to the financial statements in our 20162017 Form 10-K.


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Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 15 – Transactions with Related Parties and Other FHLBs


We define related parties as either members whose officers or directors serve on our Board of Directors, or members that control more than 10% of our total voting interests. We did not have any members that controlled more than 10% of our total voting interests for the periods presented in these financial statements.

In the normal course of business, we may extend credit to or enter into other transactions with a related party. All transactions are done at market terms that are no more favorable than the terms of comparable transactions with other members who are not considered related parties.


Members

The following table summarizes material balances we had with our members who are related parties as defined above (including their affiliates) as of the periods presented. The related impacts to our Statements of Income were immaterial.

As of March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Assets - Advances $123
 $107
 $183
 $165
Liabilities - Deposits 14
 8
 7
 13
Equity - Capital Stock 6
 18
 9
 10



Other FHLBs

From time to time, we may loan to, or borrow from, other FHLBs. AllThese transactions are done at market terms that are no more favorable than the terms of comparable transactions with other counterparties. These transactions are overnight, maturing the following business day.  These

In addition, we provide programmatic and operational support in our role as the administrator of the MPF Program on behalf of the other MPF Banks for a fee.

Material transactions with other FHLBs, if any, are identified on the face of our Financial Statements.



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(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Selected Financial Data
As of or for the three months ended March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 September 30, 2016 June 30, 2016 March 31, 2016 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 September 30, 2017 June 30, 2017 March 31, 2017 
Selected statements of condition data                     
Investments a
 $28,547
 $28,060
 $26,853
 $28,964
 $27,597
 $34,818
 $30,683
 $31,885
 $29,461
 $28,547
 
Advances 42,328
 45,067
 43,117
 46,424
 38,353
 50,840
 48,085
 50,153
 46,844
 42,328
 
MPF Loans held in portfolio, gross 4,943
 4,970
 4,723
 4,670
 4,681
Less: allowance for credit losses (3) (3) (3) (3) (2)
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net 5,357
 5,193

5,024

4,965

4,940
 
Total assets 76,109
 78,692
 74,983
 80,662
 70,913
 91,391
 84,355
 87,488
 81,779
 76,109
 
Consolidated obligation discount notes, net 32,806
 35,949
 39,144
 45,876
 40,293
 41,483
 41,191
 45,460
 37,944
 32,806
 
Consolidated obligation bonds, net 37,662
 36,903
 30,139
 29,091
 24,021
 43,516
 37,121
 35,890
 37,878
 37,662
 
Mandatorily redeemable capital stock (MRCS) recorded as a liability 311
 311
 308
 303
 301
 
Capital stock 1,282
 1,711
 1,636
 1,774
 1,733
 1,579
 1,443
 1,557
 1,526
 1,282
 
Retained earnings 3,083
 3,020
 2,951
 2,884
 2,790
 3,358
 3,297
 3,219
 3,153
 3,083
 
Mandatorily redeemable capital stock (MRCS) 301
 301
 302
 302
 302
Total capital 4,418
 4,695
 4,515
 4,507
 4,413
 5,063
 4,852
 4,872
 4,746
 4,418
 
Other selected data at period end                     
MPF off-balance sheet loans outstanding - FHLB System b
 $17,180
 $16,972
 $16,594
 $16,061
 $15,664
MPF off-balance sheet loans outstanding - FHLBC PFIs b
 8,214
 8,196
 8,100
 7,892
 7,827
FHLB systemwide consolidated obligations (par) 959,280
 989,311
 967,728
 963,810
 896,828
Member standby letters of credit outstanding $20,132
 $19,572
 $15,411
 $13,220
 $12,360
 
MPF Loans par value outstanding - FHLB System b
 $52,582
 51,563
 $49,970
 $48,260
 $46,728
 
MPF Loans par value outstanding - FHLB Chicago PFIs b
 12,692
 12,484
 12,187
 11,987
 11,730
 
Number of members 726
 728
 730
 732
 737
 719
 720
 717
 721
 726
 
Total employees (full and part time) 452
 440
 443
 432
 425
 461
 460
 457
 457
 452
 
Selected statements of income data                     
Net interest income after provision for credit losses $113

$111

$113

$111

$120
 $124

$130

$124

$116

$113
 
Non-interest gain (loss) 10
 15
 14
 50
 (3) 
 13
 5
 16
 10
 
Non-interest expense 42
 39
 42
 46
 40
 42
 45
 43
 44
 42
 
Net income 73
 78
 76
 104
 69
 74
 88
 77
 79
 73
 
Other selected data during the periods                     
MPF off-balance sheet loan volume funded - FHLB System b
 $674
 $1,305
 $1,298
 $960
 $703
MPF off-balance sheet loan volume funded - FHLBC PFIs b
 256
 572
 609
 395
 277
MPF Loans par value amounts funded - FHLB System b
 $2,494
 $3,280
 $3,474
 $3,088
 $2,073
 
Number of PFIs funding MPF products - FHLB System b
 720
 750
 769
 776
 730
 
MPF Loans par value amounts funded - FHLB Chicago PFIs b
 566
 $729
 655
 620
 517
 
Number of PFIs funding MPF products - FHLB Chicago b
 174
 175
 175
 176
 160
 
Selected ratios (rates annualized)                     
Regulatory capital to assets ratio 6.13% 6.40% 6.52% 6.15% 6.81%
Total regulatory capital to assets ratio 5.74% 5.99% 5.81% 6.09% 6.13% 
Market value of equity to book value of equity 108% 108% 108% 107% 107% 107% 107% 107% 108% 108% 
Investments - % of total assets 38%
36% 36% 36% 39%
Advances - % of total assets 56%
57% 58% 58% 54%
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net - % of total assets 6%
6% 6% 6% 7%
Primary mission asset ratio c
 69.1% 67.3% 67.2% 67.2% 67.0% 
Dividend rate class B1 activity stock-period paid 3.00% 2.80% 2.80% 2.80% 2.60% 3.50% 3.30% 3.30% 3.15% 3.00% 
Dividend rate class B2 membership stock-period paid 0.85% 0.60% 0.60% 0.60% 0.60% 1.50% 1.25% 1.25% 1.05% 0.85% 
Return on average assets 0.36% 0.40% 0.38% 0.53% 0.38% 0.33% 0.41% 0.36% 0.39% 0.36% 
Return on average equity 6.46% 6.84% 6.70% 9.38% 5.87% 5.82% 7.34% 6.54% 6.99% 6.46% 
Average equity to average assets 5.57% 5.85% 5.67% 5.65% 6.47% 5.67% 5.59% 5.50% 5.58% 5.57% 
Net yield on average interest-earning assets 0.57% 0.57% 0.57% 0.57% 0.66% 0.55% 0.60% 0.59% 0.58% 0.57% 
Return on average Regulatory Capital spread to three month LIBOR index 5.09% 5.37% 5.34% 7.97% 5.17% 3.77% 5.54% 4.89% 5.47% 5.09% 
Cash dividends $10
 $9
 $9
 $10
 $9
 $13
 $10
 $11
 $9
 $10
 
Dividend payout ratio 14%
12%
12%
10%
13% 18%
11%
14%
11%
14% 
a 
Investments includesIncludes investment securities, interest bearing deposits, Federal Funds sold, and securities purchased under agreements to resell.
b 
Includes all MPF off-balance sheet loans are MPF Loans purchased from PFIsproducts, on and concurrently resold to Fannie Mae or other third party investors under the MPF Xtra and MPF Direct products or pooled and securitized in Ginnie Mae MBS under the MPF Government MBS product.off our balance sheet. See Mortgage Partnership Finance Program beginning on page 78 in our 20162017 Form 10-K.
c
In 2015, the FHFA issued an advisory bulletin that provides guidance relating to how the FHFA will assess each FHLB's core mission achievement by using a ratio of primary mission assets (which includes advances and mortgage loans acquired from members) to consolidated obligations. The primary mission asset ratios presented in this 10-Q are on an annual average year to date basis. See Mission Asset Ratio on page 5 in our 2017 Form 10-K for more information.

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(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


Forward-Looking Information

Statements contained in this report, including statements describing the objectives, projections, estimates, or future predictions of management, may be “forward-looking statements.” These statements may use forward-looking terminology, such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “expects,” “could,” “estimates,” “may,” “should,” “will,” their negatives, or other variations of these terms. We caution that, by their nature, forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties related to our operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. These risks and uncertainties could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in these forward-looking statements and could affect the extent to which a particular objective, projection, estimate, or prediction is realized. As a result, undue reliance should not be placed on such statements.

These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties including, but not limited to, the following:

changes in the demand by our members for advances, including the impact of the availability of other sources of funding for our members, such as deposits; 

limits on our investments in long-term assets;investments;

the impact of new business strategies, including our ability to develop and implement business strategies focused on maintaining net interest income; the impact of our efforts to simplify our balance sheet on our market risk profile and future hedging costs; our ability to execute our business model, implement business process improvements and scale our size to our members' borrowing needs; the extent to which our members use our advances as part of their core financing rather than just as a back-up source of liquidity; and our ability to implement product enhancements and new products and generate enough volume in new products to cover our costs related to developing such products;

the extent to which amendments to our Capital Plan, including our ability to reduce capital stock requirements and continue to offer the Reduced Capitalization Advance Program for certain future advance borrowings, and our ability to continue to pay enhanced dividends on our activity stock, impact borrowing by our members;

our ability to meet required conditions to repurchase and redeem capital stock from our members (including maintaining compliance with our minimum regulatory capital requirements and determining that our financial condition is sound enough to support such repurchases), and the amount and timing of such repurchases or redemptions;

general economic and market conditions, including the timing and volume of market activity, inflation/deflation, unemployment rates, housing prices, the condition of the mortgage and housing markets, increased delinquencies and/or loss rates on mortgages, prolonged or delayed foreclosure processes, and the effects on, among other things, mortgage-backed securities; volatility resulting from the effects of, and changes in, various monetary or fiscal policies and regulations, such as those determined by the Federal Reserve Board and Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; impacts from various measures to stimulate the economy and help borrowers refinance home mortgages and student loans;mortgages; disruptions in the credit and debt markets and the effect on future funding costs, sources, and availability;

volatility of market prices, rates, and indices, or other factors, such as natural disasters, that could affect the value of our investments or collateral; changes in the value or liquidity of collateral securing advances to our members;

changes in the value of and risks associated with our investments in mortgage loans, mortgage-backed securities, and FFELP ABS and the related credit enhancement protections;

changes in our ability or intent to hold mortgage-backed securities to maturity;

changes in mortgage interest rates and prepayment speeds on mortgage assets;



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membership changes, including the withdrawal of members due to restrictions on our dividends or the loss of members through mergers and consolidations or through regulatory requirements; changes in the financial health of our members, including the resolution of some members; risks related to expanding our membership to include more institutions with regulators and resolution processes with which we have less experience;

increased reliance on short-term funding and changes in investor demand and capacity for consolidated obligations and/or the terms of interest rate derivatives and similar agreements, including changes in the relative attractiveness of consolidated obligations as compared to other investment opportunities; changes in our cost of funds due to concerns over U.S. fiscal policy, and any related rating agency actions impacting FHLB consolidated obligations;

political events, including legislative, regulatory, judicial, or other developments that affect us, our members, our counterparties and/or investors in consolidated obligations, including, among other things, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) and related regulations and proposals and legislation related to housing finance and GSE reform; changes by our regulator or changes affecting our regulator and changes in the FHLB Act or applicable regulations as a result of the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 (Housing Act) or as may otherwise be issued by our regulator, including regulatory changes to FHLB membership requirements proposed by the FHFA;regulator; the potential designation of us as a nonbank financial company for supervision by the Federal Reserve;

recent regulatory changes to FHLB membership requirements by the FHFA;

the ability of each of the other FHLBs to repay the principal and interest on consolidated obligations for which it is the primary obligor and with respect to which we have joint and several liability;

the pace of technological change and our ability to develop and support technology and information systems, including our ability to protect the security of our information systems and manage any failures, interruptions or breaches in our information systems or technology services provided to us through third-partythird party vendors;

our ability to attract and retain skilled employees;

the impact of new accounting standards and the application of accounting rules, including the impact of regulatory guidance on our application of such standards and rules;

the impact of the application of auditor independence rules to our independent auditor;

the volatility of reported results due to changes in the fair value of certain assets and liabilities; and

our ability to identify, manage, mitigate, and/or remedy internal control weaknesses and other operational risks.

For a more detailed discussion of the risk factors applicable to us, see Risk Factors in our 20162017 Form 10-K on page 18.16.

These forward-looking statements are representative only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events, changed circumstances, or any other reason.


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Executive Summary

First Quarter 20172018 Financial Highlights

Advances outstanding increased $2.7 billion to $50.8 billion at March 31, 2018, up from $48.1 billion at December 31, 2017.
MPF Loans held in portfolio increased to $5.4 billion at March 31, 2018, up from $5.2 billion at December 31, 2017, as new MPF Loan purchases continued to moderately outpace paydown and maturity activity.
Total investment securities increased 6% to $18.4 billion at March 31, 2018, up from $17.3 billion at December 31, 2017, as we increased our purchase of Treasury securities for liquidity purposes.
Total assets increased to $91.4 billion as of March 31, 2018, compared to $84.4 billion as of December 31, 2017.
We recorded net income of $74 million in the first quarter of 2018, up from $73 million in the first quarter of 2017, up from $69 million in the first quarter of 2016.

2017.
Net interest income for the first quarter of 20172018 was $113$124 million, downup from $120$113 million for the first quarter of 20162017, as our higher-earning investment portfolio continuedwe benefited both from the rising rate environment and higher levels of interest earning assets.
Letters of credit commitments increased to pay down, while our cost of funding increased.

Total investment securities decreased 10% to $19.0$20.1 billion at March 31, 2017, down2018, up from $21.0$19.6 billion at December 31, 2016 as our investment portfolio continued to pay down.

Advances outstanding decreased $2.7 billion to $42.3 billion at March 31, 2017, down from $45.1 billion at December 31, 2016.

Total assets declined to $76.1 billion as of March 31, 2017, compared to $78.7 billion as of December 31, 2016.

We reached nearly $3.1 billion in retained earnings at March 31, 2017.

We remained in compliance with all of our regulatory capital requirements as of March 31, 2017.
2018.

Summary and Outlook

First Quarter 20172018 Dividend

On April 25, 2017,24, 2018, the Bank'sBank’s Board of Directors increased the dividend declared per share on both sub-classes of capital stock. Based on the Bank’s preliminary financial results for the first quarter of 2017,2018, the Board of Directors declared a dividend of 3.15%4.00% (annualized) for Class B1 activity capital stock (an increase of 1550 basis points from the priorprevious quarter) and a dividend of 1.05%1.60% (annualized) for Class B2 membership capital stock (an increase of 2010 basis points from the priorprevious quarter).

The Bank pays a higher dividend per share on Class B1 activity stock than on Class B2 membership stock to reward members who use the Bank’s advances and, thereby, support the financial health of the entire cooperative. The higher dividends enhancedividend members receive on Class B1 activity stock has the valueeffect of our members’ membership and reduce thelowering their cost of borrowing from the Bank.

Increasing Members’ Return onStrong Member Activity Continues

In 2015During 2017, we reported strong growth in member activity and 2016 the Bank made changes to its capital plan with the goals of increasing the value of membership and rewarding members that support the cooperative through borrowings by increasing the dividends paid on class B1 activity stock which reduces the all-in cost of their advances, all while maintaining members’ access to reliable liquidity and long term funding. Incontinued in the first quarter of 2017, the Bank began to automatically repurchase members’ excess Class B2 stock on a weekly basis, which permits us to more effectively invest our capital2018. Advances outstanding with a goal to provide a reasonable return on members’ investment in our stock. As a result, capital stock decreased 25%, from $1.7members were $50.8 billion and letters of credit were $20.1 billion at December 31, 2016,quarter-end. MPF Program activity continued to $1.3grow with $5.4 billion in MPF Loans outstanding on balance sheet at March 31, 2017. Total capital, however, only decreased 6% to $4.4 billion at March 31, 2017 compared to $4.7 billion at December 31, 2016.quarter-end.

Community Investment Programs in Full Swing

The first quarter of 2018 was a busy time for our Community Investment programs. The application period for Community First® Capacity-Building Grants was announced on March 6, Community First Disaster Relief Program funding for flood-hit communities in Wisconsin became available on March 12, the 2018 Downpayment Plus® (DPP®) Programs opened on March 12, and trainings for the 2018 competitive Affordable Housing Program have begun in anticipation of the round opening on May 7.

FHFA Issues Proposed Rule Amending the Affordable Housing Program Regulations

FHFA recently published proposed amendments to the AHP regulations. The amendments offer some benefits to the AHP program, but also pose some challenges that could impact the development and implementation of AHP funding. See Legislative and Regulatory Developments starting on page 52 for more details on the proposed amendments.

News from Our District

In April, Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker signed into law the 2017 Wisconsin Act 340, an omnibus banking act containing three provisions impacting the Bank. See Legislative and Regulatory Developments starting on page 52 for more details on this act.

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Critical Accounting Policies

For a detailed description of our Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates see page 38 in our 2017 Form 10-K.

Also see Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 3 - Recently Issued but Not Yet Adopted Accounting Standards to the financial statements in this Form 10-Q for the impact of changes in accounting policies and recently issued accounting standards on our financial results subsequent to December 31, 2017.


Results of Operations


Net Interest Income

Net interest income is the difference between the amount we recognize into interest income on our interest earning assets and the amount we recognize into interest expense on our interest bearing liabilities. These amounts were determined in accordance with GAAP and were based on the underlying contractual interest rate terms of our interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities as well as the following items:

Net interest paid or received on interest rate swaps that are accounted for as fair value or cash flow hedges;
Amortization of premiums;
Accretion of discounts and discounts;
OTTI reversals;security yield adjustments due to either subsequent increases or decreases in estimated cash flows;
Amortization of hedge adjustments;
Advance and investment prepayment fees; and
MPF credit enhancement fees.


The table on the following page presentpresents the increase or decrease in interest income and expense due to volume or rate variances. The calculation of these components includes the following considerations:
 
Average Balance: Average balances are calculated using daily balances. HistoricalAmortized cost balances arebasis is used to compute the average balances for most of our financial instruments, including available for sale securities and MPF Loans held in portfolio that are on nonaccrual status.status and available for sale securities. The calculation of the yield on our available for sale securities does not give effect to changes in fair value that are reflected as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI). Fair value is used to compute average balances for our trading securities and financial instruments carried at fair value under the fair value option.

Total Interest: Total interest includes all components ofthe net interest income if applicable,components, as discussed above.above, applicable to our interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities.

Yield/Rate: Effective yields/rates are based on total interest and average daily balances and includes all components of net interest income as discusseddefined above. Yields/rates are calculated on an annualized basis.

Any changes due to the combined volume/rate variance have been allocated ratably to volume and rate.

volume.

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Increase or decrease in interest income and expense due to volume or rate variances
 March 31, 2017 March 31, 2016 Increase (decrease) due to
 Average Balance Total Interest   Yield/ Rate Average Balance Total Interest   Yield/ Rate Volume Rate Net Change
For the three months ended                 
Investment securities$19,771
 $166
 3.36% $23,339
 $193
 3.31% $(30) $3
 $(27)
Advances45,193
 99
 0.88% 38,340
 63
 0.66% 15
 21
 36
MPF Loans held in portfolio4,956
 54
 4.36% 4,729
 57
 4.82% 2
 (5) (3)
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell8,639
 15
 0.69% 4,254
 4
 0.38% 8
 3
 11
Other interest bearing assets1,329
 3
 0.90% 1,523
 1
 0.26% 
 2
 2
Interest income on assets79,888
 337
 1.69% 72,185
 318
 1.76% 32
 (13) 19
Consolidated obligation discount notes37,121
 96
 1.03% 43,283
 82
 0.76% (15) 29
 14
Consolidated obligation bonds37,679
 125
 1.33% 22,838
 102
 1.79% 49
 (26) 23
Subordinated notes
 
 % 944
 14
 5.93% (14) 
 (14)
Other interest bearing liabilities900
 3
 1.33%     
 3
 
 3
Interest expense on liabilities75,700
 224
 1.18% 67,065
 198
 1.18% 26
 
 26
Net yield on interest-earning assets$79,888
 $113
 0.57% $72,185
 $120
 0.66% $9
 $(16) $(7)

 March 31, 2018 March 31, 2017 Increase (decrease) due to
 Average Balance Total Interest Yield/ Rate Average Balance Total Interest Yield/ Rate Volume Rate Net Change
For the three months ended                 
Investment securities$18,438
 $163
 3.54% $19,771
 $166
 3.36% $(12) $9
 $(3)
Advances52,814
 214
 1.62% 45,193
 99
 0.88% 31
 84
 115
MPF Loans held in portfolio5,226
 55
 4.21% 4,956
 54
 4.36% 3
 (2) 1
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell11,968
 44
 1.47% 8,639
 15
 0.69% 12
 17
 29
Other1,216
 4
 1.32% 1,329
 3
 0.90% 
 1
 1
Interest income on interest bearing assets89,662
 480
 2.14% 79,888
 337
 1.69% 53
 90
 143
Noninterest bearing assets668
     639
          
Total assets90,330
     80,527
          
                  
Consolidated obligation discount notes42,995
 183
 1.70% 37,121
 96
 1.03% 25
 62
 87
Consolidated obligation bonds41,141
 169
 1.64% 37,679
 125
 1.33% 15
 29
 44
Other850
 4
 1.88% 900
 3
 1.33% 
 1
 1
Interest expense on interest bearing liabilities84,986
 356
 1.68% 75,700
 224
 1.18% 37
 95
 132
Noninterest bearing liabilities252
     328
          
Total liabilities85,238
     76,028
          
Net yield on interest earning assets$89,662
 $124
 0.55% $79,888
 $113
 0.57% $15
 $(4) $11

The following is an analysis of the above table. Allpreceding table and unless otherwise indicated, comparisons are made betweenapply to the periodthree month periods ending March 31, 2017 and the period ending2018 compared to March 31, 2016. Net interest income changed mainly due to the following:2017.
 

Interest income from investment securities in 2017 declined compared to 2016 primarily due to the reduction in average investment balances as securitiesMBS/ABS matured or paid down during the period. We expect the declineand we did not make new investments in average balances and related interest income on our investment securities to continue due toMBS/ABS under FHFA regulatory limits on the amount of investment securities that we may hold on our balance sheet as discussed in Investments starting on page 1210 in our 20162017 Form 10-K.10-K. One of the limits is that our investment in MBS/ABS cannot exceed three times our total regulatory capital. We expect to resume making MBS and ABS investments sometime in 2018, subject to regulatory limitations.

Interest income from advances in 2017 increased compared to 2016 due to both a rise in interest rates and higher member demand. Higher interest rates resulted primarily from rate hikes by the Federal Reserve Bank. The majority of the increase in the above advance balance was due to increases in advances made under our Reduced Capitalization Advance Program (RCAP). See Reduced Capitalization Advance Program on page 48 for more information on RCAP.
Interest income from advances increased primarily due to a rise in interest rates, which resulted primarily from rate hikes by the Federal Reserve Bank during 2017. Interest income also increased to a lesser extent as a result of higher member demand for advances.

Interest income from MPF Loans held in portfolio in 2017 declined compared to 2016 primarily due to the paydown of our higher interest rate MPF Loans. The decline in interest incomewas essentially unchanged from MPF Loans held in portfolio was partially offset by the increase in average balance of MPF Loans held in portfolio.2017.

Interest income from Federal Funds sold and securities soldpurchased under agreements to repurchase in 2017resell increased compared to 2016 primarilyboth due to higher volumevolumes outstanding year over year. The 2017 increaseand increases in interest income compared to 2016 also was due to rate hikesrates by the Federal Reserve Bank. We increased the amounts of these liquid assets as demand for our advances and letters of credit increased.

Interest expense on both our shorter termed consolidated obligations in 2017obligation discount notes and our longer termed consolidated obligation bonds increased compared to 2016 primarily due to overall higher average balances required to fund the increased advance lending to our members. This increase was partially offset by lowerrising short and long term interest rates, on our consolidated obligationand to a lesser extent, an increase in notes and bonds due to money market reform, as there was more demand for FHLB debtoutstanding.


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(Dollars in the market, which improved our spreads significantly.tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


For details of the effect our fair value and cash flow hedge activities had on our net interest income during 2017 see Trading Securities, Derivatives andTotal Net Effect Gain (Loss) of Hedging Activities and Instruments Held at Fair Value Option table on the following page.



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(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


Noninterest Income 

 Three months ended March 31,  Three months ended March 31,
 2017 2016  2018 2017
Trading securities $
 $1
Derivatives and hedging activities 3
 (16)Derivatives and hedging activities $(3) $3
Instruments held under fair value option (2) 5
Instruments held under fair value option (7) (2)
Trading securities, derivatives and hedging activities, and instruments held under fair value option 1
 (10)
MPF fees from other FHLBs 5
 3
MPF fees,6
and5
from other FHLBs 8
 7
Other, net 4
 4
Other, net 2
 2
Noninterest income $10
 $(3)Noninterest income $
 $10

The following is an analysis of the above table and unless otherwise indicated, comparisons apply to the three month periods ending March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017.

Trading Securities, Derivatives and Hedging Activities, and Instruments Held Under Fair Value Option

Noninterest income on trading securities, derivativesDerivatives and hedging activities, and instruments held under the fair value option were not significant to our statements of income over the last year.periods presented. Instead, the majority of the effect from our derivatives and hedging activities is recorded in net interest income. The following table details the effect of all of these transactions on our resultsstatements of operations. Note that we economically hedge only a portion of our trading securities.income.


Total Net Effect Gain (Loss) of Hedging Activities
Advances Investments MPF Loans Discount Notes Bonds Other Total
Three months ended March 31, 2018             
Recorded in net interest income$(2)
$(18)
$(1)
$(35)
$(2)
$
 $(58)
Recorded in derivatives & hedging activities14

1

(1)
1

(17)
(1) (3)
Recorded on instruments held under fair value option(9) 
 (4) 
 6
 
 (7)
Total net effect gain (loss) of hedging activities$3

$(17)
$(6)
$(34)
$(13)
$(1) $(68)
Advances Investments MPF Loans Discount Notes Bonds Total             
Three months ended March 31, 2017                        
Recorded in net interest income$(9)
$(24)
$(2)
$(45)
$12

$(68)$(9)
$(24)
$(2)
$(45)
$12

$
 $(68)
Recorded in derivatives & hedging activities2



(1)
1

1

3
2



(1)
1

1


 3
Recorded in trading securities - hedged only
 1
 
 
 
 1
Recorded on instruments held under fair value option
 
 
 
 (2) (2)
Total net effect gain (loss)$(7)
$(23)
$(3)
$(44)
$11

$(66)
           
Three months ended March 31, 2016           
Recorded in net interest income$(18)
$(34)
$(2)
$(47)
$21

$(80)
Recorded in derivatives & hedging activities(14)
(3)
4

(1)
(2)
(16)
Recorded in trading securities - hedged only
 1
 
 
 
 1
Recorded in other, net
 1
 
 
 
 
 1
Recorded in instruments held under fair value option11
 
 
 (3) (3) 5

 
 
 
 (2) 
 (2)
Total net effect gain (loss)$(21)
$(36)
$2

$(51)
$16

$(90)
Total net effect gain (loss) of hedging activities$(7)
$(23)
$(3)
$(44)
$11

$
 $(66)


MPF fees (including from other FHLBs)

A majority of MPF fees are from other FHLBs

Other FHLBs that pay us a fixed membership fee to participate in the MPF Program and a volume based fee for us to provide services related to their on balance sheet MPF Loans, which offsetsLoans. MPF fees also include income from off-balance sheet MPF Loan products and other related transaction fees. These fees offset a portion of the expenses we incur to runadminister the program. MPF fees have grown as off balance sheet MPF Loan volume increased during the periods presented.


Other, net

Other, net consists primarily of fee income we earn from our off balance sheet MPF Loanmember standby letters of credit products, and fees we earn on a variety of functions we perform for our members.as noted in Item 2. Selected Financial Data.



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(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


Noninterest Expense

 Three months ended March 31, Three months ended March 31,
 2017 2016 2018 2017
Compensation and benefits $25
 $23
 $24
 $25
Operating expenses 15
 15
 15
 15
Other 2
 2
 3
 2
Noninterest expense $42
 $40
 $42
 $42

CompensationThe following is an analysis of the preceding table and benefits increased dueunless otherwise indicated, comparisons apply to increased employee count. the three month periods ending March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017.

We had 452461 employees as of March 31, 2017,2018, compared to 425452 as of March 31, 2016.2017. Compensation and benefit expenses declined slightly due to a decline in anticipated pension expense recorded during the first quarter. However, we can not predict future return trends at this time and this reduction may not be sustained.

Other consists primarily of our share of the funding for the FHFA, our regulator, and the Office of Finance, which manages the consolidated obligation debt issuances of the FHLBs. In addition, Other includes MPF related non-operating expenses/gains on the sale of real estate owned.


Assessments

We fundrecord the Affordable Housing Program (AHP) programassessment expense at a calculated rate of 10% of income before assessments, excluding interest expense on MRCS. See Note 11 - Affordable Housing Program in our 2017 Form 10-K for further details.


Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 Three months ended March 31, Balance remaining in AOCI as of March 31, Three months ended March 31, Balance remaining in AOCI as of
 2017 2016 2017 2018 2017 March 31, 2018
Net unrealized gain (loss) available-for-sale securities $38
 $(40) $497
 $(49) $38
 $358
Noncredit OTTI held-to-maturity securities 9
 11
 (168) 7
 9
 (136)
Net unrealized gain (loss) cash flow hedges 44
 (53) (268) 58
 44
 (89)
Postretirement plans (2) 
 (8) (2) (2) (7)
Other comprehensive income (loss) $89
 $(82) $53
 $14
 $89
 $126


The following is an analysis of the above table and unless otherwise indicated, comparisons apply to the three month periods ending March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017.

Net unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities

The increase in net unrealized gain for 2017 compared to the net unrealized loss for 2016 on our available for sale (AFS) portfolio was primarily duefor 2018 is attributable to a decrease in longer term market interest rates during 2017. Asthe reversal of net unrealized gains from prior reporting periods. The net unrealized gains on our AFS securities reverse as these securities approach maturity. This is because we expect to receive par value at the maturity of these AFS securities move closer to their maturity, thissecurities. As of March 31, 2018, we had a net unrealized gain positionbalance remaining in AOCI is expectedattributable to reverse to zero as we will only collect the face value at their maturity.

our AFS portfolio.

Noncredit OTTI on held-to-maturity securities

The gain inWe recorded unrealized noncredit OTTIimpairments on held-to-maturity (HTM) securities for 2017 comparedduring the last financial crisis. As the market has recovered and because we intend to 2016 was lower as a result ofhold these HTM securities moving closer to their maturity. The gain in each period represents the amountmaturity, we accreteare recording accretion to the carrying amount of these HTM securities. Specifically we reversethe

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securities, reversing the previously recorded noncredit OTTI amount on these HTMremaining loss balance in AOCI. The annual accretion gains declined in 2018 and are expected to continue to decline as the securities through the accretion of the amount we expect to collect over their remaining life.

near maturity.

Net unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges

Net unrealized gains were $44 million for 2017 compared toThe net unrealized losses of $53 million for 2016. The gain inon cash flow hedges during the first quarter of 2017periods presented resulted from the impact of an increase in shorter term interest rates onas a result of actions by the Federal Reserve Bank.

We did not recognize any instrument-specific credit risk in our cash flow hedges.

statements of comprehensive income as of March 31, 2018 due to our credit standing.

For further informationdetails on the activity in our Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) see Note 12 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to the financial statements.

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Statements of Condition

March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Cash and due from banks, interest bearing deposits, Federal Funds sold, and securities purchased under agreement to resell$9,551
 $7,376
$16,426
 $13,378
Investment securities19,030
 21,035
18,432
 17,347
Advances42,328
 45,067
50,840
 48,085
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net of allowance for credit losses4,940
 4,967
5,357
 5,193
Other260
 247
336
 352
Assets$76,109
 $78,692
91,391
 84,355
Consolidated obligation discount notes$32,806
 $35,949
41,483
 41,191
Consolidated obligation bonds37,662
 36,903
43,516
 37,121
Other1,223
 1,145
1,329
 1,191
Liabilities71,691
 73,997
86,328
 79,503
Capital stock1,282
 1,711
1,579
 1,443
Retained earnings3,083
 3,020
3,358
 3,297
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)53
 (36)126
 112
Capital4,418
 4,695
5,063
 4,852
Total liabilities and capital$76,109
 $78,692
$91,391
 $84,355

The following is an analysis of the above table and comparisons apply to March 31, 2018 compared to December 31, 2017.

Cash and due from banks, interest bearing deposits, Federal Funds sold, and securities purchased under agreements to resell

Amounts held in these accounts will vary each day based on the following:

Interest rate spreads between Federal Funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell and our debt;
Liquidity requirements;
Counterparties available; and
Collateral availability on securities purchased under agreements to resell.

We increased the amounts of these liquid assets as demand for our advances and letters of credit increased.

Investment Securities

We are currently unable to make additional investmentsInvestment securities increased as we purchased $2.6 billion in short term U.S. Government securities during the first quarter of 2018. This increase was partially offset by declines in MBS/ABS under FHFA regulatory limitssecurities that matured or paid down and were not replaced, as discussednoted in InvestmentsResults of Operations on page 12 in our 2016 Form 10-K.40.

Advances

Advances increased to the highest outstanding decreased as of March 31, 2017 comparedquarter end balance in our history due to amounts outstanding as of December 31, 2016 as many depository members had an increased needstrong market demand for liquidity at December 31, 2016, which did not recur at March 31, 2017.

funding in our district. While advance demand has remainedis strong, it is possible that member demand for our advances could decline in future periods should their funding needs change, or to the extent they elect alternative funding resources. In addition, as our advances with captive insurance companies mature, our total advance levels couldmay decrease.

MPF Loans Held in Portfolio, Net of Allowance for Credit Losses

We had a small net decreaseincrease in our outstanding MPF Loans from prior year end, as our purchases of new loans during 2017 mostly offset maturities and paydowns experienced in our MPF Loan portfolio. A majority of our new loans were refinancings, and this activity is dependent upon interest rates. If rates were to rise significantly, our refinancings may decline. For the year to date period ended March 31, 2017, we acquired $241 million in new MPF Loans to our portfolio, compared to $132 million in the same period in 2016.

In addition to our MPF Loans held in portfolio, we have MPF off-balance sheet products, where we buy and concurrently resell MPF Loans to Fannie Mae or other third party investors or pool and securitize them into Ginnie Mae MBS.

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Liquidity, Funding, & Capital Resources

Liquidity
For the period ending March 31, 2017,2018, we have maintained a liquidity position in accordance with FHFA regulations and guidance, and policies established by our Board of Directors. Based upon our excess liquidity position described below, we anticipate remaining in compliance with our liquidity requirements. See Liquidity, Funding, & Capital Resources on page 48 in our 20162017 Form 10-K for a detailed description of our liquidity requirements. We use different measures of liquidity as follows:
Overnight Liquidity – Our policy requires us to maintain overnight liquid assets at least equal to 3.5% or $2.7$3.2 billion of total assets. As of March 31, 2017,2018, our overnight liquidity was $11.1$24.0 billion or 15%26% of total assets, giving us an excess overnight liquidity of $8.4$20.8 billion.
Deposit Coverage – To support our member deposits, FHFA regulations require us to have an amount equal to the current deposits invested in obligations of the U.S. Government, deposits in eligible banks or trust companies, or advances with maturities not exceeding five years. As of March 31, 2017,2018, we had excess liquidity of $35.4$49.6 billion to support member deposits.

Contingency Liquidity – The cumulative five business day liquidity measurement assumes there is a localized credit crisis for all FHLBs where the FHLBs do not have the ability to issue new consolidated obligations or borrow unsecured funds from other sources (e.g., purchasing Federal Funds or customer deposits). Our net liquidity in excess of our total uses and reserves over a cumulative five-business-day period was $15.3$16.9 billion as of March 31, 2017.2018.

In addition to the liquidity measures discussed above, FHFA guidance requires us to maintain daily liquidity through short-term investments in an amount at least equal to our anticipated cash outflows under two different scenarios. One scenario assumes that we cannot access the capital markets for 15 days and that during that time members do not renew any maturing, prepaid, and called advances. The second scenario assumes that we cannot access the capital markets for 5five days and that during that period we will automatically renew maturing and called advances for all members except for very large, highly rated members. These additional requirements are more stringent than the contingency liquidity requirement discussed above and are designed to enhance our protection against temporary disruptions in access to the FHLB debt markets in response to a rise in capital markets volatility. As a result of this guidance, we are maintaining increased balances in short-term investments. In addition, we fund certain overnight or shorter-term investments and advances with debt that has a maturity that extends beyond the maturities of the related investments or advances. For a discussion of how this may impact our earnings, see page 2118 in the Risk Factors section of our 20162017 Form 10-K. In July the FHFA proposed to rescind certain minimum regulatory liquidity requirements for the FHLBs as further discussed in Legislative and Regulatory Developments on page 14 in our 2017 Form 10-K.

We are sensitive to maintaining an appropriate liquidity and funding balance between our financial assets and liabilities, and we measure and monitor the risk of refunding such assets as liabilities mature (refunding risk). In measuring the level of assets requiring refunding, we take into account their contractual maturities, as further described in the notes to the financial statements. In addition, we make certain assumptions about their expected cash flows. These assumptions include: calls for assets with such features, projected prepayments and scheduled amortizations for our MPF Loans held in portfolio, MBS and ABS investments. The following table presents the unpaid principal balances of (1) MPF Loans held in portfolio, (2) AFS securities, and (3) HTM securities (including ABS and MBS investments), by expected principal cash flows. The table is illustrative of our assumptions about the expected rather than contractual cash flowflows of our assets, including prepayments made in advance of maturity.

 MPF Loans Held in Portfolio Investment Securities MPF Loans Held in Portfolio Investment Securities
As of March 31, 2017 Available-for Sale Held-to-Maturity
As of March 31, 2018 MPF Loans Held in Portfolio Available-for Sale Held-to-Maturity
Year of Expected Principal Cash Flows          
One year or less $787
 $1,224
 $1,374
 $694
 $2,553
 $1,316
After one year through five years 2,057
 10,311
 2,525
 2,051
 7,475
 1,943
After five years through ten years 1,201
 1,585
 461
 1,351
 1,371
 435
After ten years 834
 725
 174
 1,189
 531
 118
Total $4,879
 $13,845
 $4,534
 $5,285
 $11,930
 $3,812


We consider our liabilities available to fund assets until their contractual maturity. For further discussion of the liquidity risks related to our access to funding, see page 2422 of the Risk Factors section in our 20162017 Form 10-K.


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Funding

Conditions in Financial Markets

TheIn March 2018, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) ended 2016 by delivering an interest rate increase raisingraised the target range for the federal fund rate by 25 basis points.  In March, 2017, it raisedpoints to a range of 1.50 percent to 1.75 percent.  This is the sixth rate hike since the FOMC began to raise rates in December 2015.  The markets anticipate another 25 basis point increase in the target range again by another 25 basis points to 0.75 to 1.00 percent while signaling tofor the market that morefederal fund rate hikes will occur.

in the second quarter of 2018.
We maintained ready access to funding during the quarter.

first quarter of 2018.
Cash flows from operating activities with significant changes

Three months ended March 31, 2017 2016 Change
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities -      
Net income $73
 $69
 $4
Non cash (gain) loss on derivatives and hedging activities 96
 (120) 216
Other (10) 42
 (52)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $159
 $(9) $168
Three months ended March 31, 2018 2017
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $135
 $159

Our operating assets and liabilities support our mission to provide our member shareholders competitively priced funding, a reasonable return on their investment in our capital stock, and support for community investment activities.  Operating assets and liabilities can vary significantly in the normal course of business due to the amount and timing of cash flows, which are affected by member-driven activities and market conditions. We believe cash flows from operations, available cash balances and our ability to generate cash through short- and long-term borrowings are sufficient to fund our operating liquidity needs. The change of $168 milliondecline in net cash provided by (used in) operating activities resulted primarily resulted from the following:

The non-casha noncash adjustment attributablerelated to the unrealized net changes in the fair value of our derivative instruments

derivatives and hedging activities.
Cash flows from investing activities with significant changes

Three months ended March 31, 2017 2016 Change 2018 2017
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities -      
Liquid assets (Federal Funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell, interest bearing deposits, and trading securities) $(1,690)
$(780)
$(910)
Securities held for investment (available-for-sale and held-to-maturity) 1,226
 1,527
 (301)
Liquid assets (Federal Funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell, and interest bearing deposits) $(3,050)
$(2,492)
Investment securities (1,170) 2,028
Advances 2,726

(1,456)
4,182
 (2,847)
2,726
Other 32
 156
 (124) (165) 32
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities $2,294
 $(553) $2,847
 $(7,232) $2,294

Our investing activities consistsconsist predominantly of liquid assets, securities held for investment, and advances. The $2.8 billion changedecline in net cash provided by (used in) investing activities primarily resulted from the following:

LiquidThe increase in liquid assets reflects a desire forreflect our increased liquidity needs to meet the needsdemands of our membersmembers.

Securities held for investment reflectsreflect the purchases made in our trading security portfolio in 2018. The rest of our investment security portfolio continued to paydown in our investments portfolio2018.

Advances reflectsreflect the recent declineincrease in advances outstanding during 1Q 2017 while they increased during 1Q 2016




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(Dollars2018, as compared to the reduction in tablesadvances outstanding in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

2017.

Cash flows from financing activities with significant changes

Three months ended March 31, 2017 2016 Change 2018 2017
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities -      
Consolidated obligation discount notes $(3,142) $(1,280) $(1,862) $292
 $(3,142)
Consolidated obligation bonds 750
 1,360
 (610) 6,524
 750
Capital stock (426) 77
 (503) 136
 (426)
Other 48
 (61) 109
 143
 48
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities $(2,770) $96
 $(2,866) $7,095
 $(2,770)

Our financing activities primarily reflect cash flows related to issuing and repaying consolidated obligations. The proceeds from the net increases in our consolidated obligation discount notes and consolidated obligations bonds were primarily utilized to fund the net increases in our investing activities as noted above. The $(2.9) billion changeincrease in net cash provided by (used in) financing activities primarily resulted from the following:

AAn increase in 2018 in the amount of our consolidated obligations used to fund the growth in our balance sheet, compared to 2017, when there was a net decrease in our consolidated obligation debt outstanding, with a shift in funding to longer termedobligations outstanding. In first quarter of 2018, we relied primarily on consolidated obligation bonds from shorter termed discount notesfor our funding.

A reductionAn increase in capital stock outstanding as we implemented automatic weekly repurchasesmembers purchased capital stock to support their advance borrowings.

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(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


Capital Resources

Capital Rules

Under ourthe Second Amended and Restated Capital Plan of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago, effective October 1, 2015 (Capital Plan), our stock consists of two sub-classes of stock, Class B1 activity stock and Class B2 membership stock (together, Class B stock), both with a par value of $100 and redeemable on five years' written notice, subject to certain conditions. Each member is required to own capital stock in an amount equal to the greater of a membership stock requirement or an activity stock requirement. Class B1 activity stock is available for purchase only to support a member's activity stock requirement. Class B2 membership stock is available to be purchased to support a member's membership stock requirement and any activity stock requirement.

Under our Capital Plan, our Board of Directors may set a threshold of between $10,000 and $75 million on the amount of Class B2 membership stock that would otherwise be held for membership if a member has advances outstanding that have an activity stock requirement in excess of the threshold amount. In that case, the amount of Class B2 membership stock that exceeds such threshold and is necessary to support advance activity is automatically converted into Class B1 activity stock. That threshold is currently set at $10,000, which means that we will convert to Class B1 activity capital stock any capital stock supporting advances that exceeds the lesser of the member's membership requirement or $10,000.

The Board of Directors may periodically adjust members' activity stock requirement for certain new advances within a range of 2% and 6% of a member's outstanding advances. Our Board implemented this provision through RCAPthe Reduced Capitalization Advance Program (RCAP) as further discussed below. Each member’s activity stock requirement remainedremains at 4.5% for non-RCAP advances.

Our Capital Plan allows for an activity stock requirement for MPF Loans acquired for our portfolio within a range of 0% and 6%, which our Board has set at 0%. Should the Board decide to introduce this capital requirement, we intend to notify members sufficiently in advance of the change and apply that change only to future acquisitions.

The Board may periodically adjust members’ membership stock requirement within a range of 0.20% to 2% of a member’s mortgage assets. Each member’s membership stock requirement is the greater of either $10,000 or 0.40% of a member's mortgage assets. A member’s investment in membership stock is subject to a cap equal to the lesser of (1) a dollar cap set by the Board within a range of $10,000 and $75 million, and (2) 9.9% of our total capital stock outstanding as of the prior December 31. The cap on each member’s membership stock requirement is now $5 million, which is less than 9.9% of the Bank’s total capital stock outstanding at December 31, 2016,2017, and is thus the operative cap during the remainder of 20172018 unless the Board sets a new cap.

Membership stock requirements will continue to be recalculated annually, whereas the activity stock requirement and any automatic conversion of Class B2 membership stock to Class B1 activity stock related to the threshold will apply on a daily basis.


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For details on our capital stock requirement changes in 2016, see Capital Resource on page 54 of our 2016 Form 10-K.

We may only redeem or repurchase capital stock from a member if, following the redemption or repurchase, the member continues to meet its minimum investment requirement and we remain in compliance with our regulatory capital requirements as discussed in Note 11 - Capital and Mandatorily Redeemable Capital Stock (MRCS) to the financial statements in this Form 10-Q.

Members that withdraw from membership must wait at least five years after their membership was terminated and all of their capital stock was redeemed or repurchased before being readmitted to membership in any FHLB.

For details on our capital stock requirements under our Capital Plan during 2017, see Capital Resource on page 53 of our 2017 Form 10-K. Under the terms of our Capital Plan, our Board of Directors is authorized to amend the Capital Plan, and the FHFA must approve all such amendments before they become effective.

For details on our minimum regulatory capital requirements see Note 11 - Capital and Mandatorily Redeemable Capital Stock (MRCS) to the financial statements in this Form 10-Q, and Minimum Capital Requirements on page F-44 of our 2017 Form 10-K.

Reduced Capitalization Advance Program

RCAP allows members to borrow one or more advances with an activity stock requirement of only 2% for the life of the advance instead of the 4.5% requirement under our Capital Plan’s general provisions as further discussed in Capital Resources on page 54 of our 2016 Form 10-K.provisions. As of March 31, 2017,2018, and December 31, 2016,2017, RCAP advances outstanding total $22.8$24.7 billion to 147157 members and $22.7$24.7 billion to 147 members.158 members, respectively.


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Repurchase of Excess Capital Stock

On January 26,Beginning in 2017, we began repurchasing all excess Class B2 membership stock on a weekly basis at par value, i.e., $100 per shareshare.. Members may continue to request repurchase of excess stock on any business day in addition to the weekly repurchase. All repurchases of excess stock, including automatic weekly repurchases, will continue until otherwise announced, but remain subject to our regulatory requirements, certain financial and capital thresholds, and prudent business practicespractices.

Repurchase of excess capital stock held by members is subject to compliance withFor details on the financial and capital thresholds as detailed relating to repurchases, see Repurchase of Excess Capital Stock on page 57 of our 20162017 Form 10-K.
Capital Amounts

The following table reconciles our capital reported in our statements of condition to the amount of capital stock reported for regulatory purposes. MRCS is included in the calculation of the regulatory capital and leverage ratios but is recorded in other liabilities in our statements of condition.

 March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Change March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Change
Capital Stock $1,282
 $1,711
 $(429) $1,579
 $1,443
 $136
MRCS 301
 301
 
 311
 311
 
Regulatory capital stock 1,583
 2,012
 (429) 1,890
 1,754
 136
Retained earnings 3,083
 3,020
 63
 3,358
 3,297
 61
Regulatory capital $4,666
 $5,032
 $(366) $5,248
 $5,051
 $197
            
Capital stock $1,282
 $1,711
 $(429) $1,579
 $1,443
 $136
Retained earnings 3,083
 3,020
 63
 3,358
 3,297
 61
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 53
 (36) 89
 126
 112
 14
GAAP capital $4,418
 $4,695
 $(277) $5,063
 $4,852
 $211


Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the above table consists of changes in market value of various balance sheet accounts where the change is not recorded in earnings but are instead recorded in equity capital as the income (loss) is not yet realized. For details on these changes please see Note 12 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to the financial statements.


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Although we have had no OTTI year to date in 2017,2018, credit deterioration may negatively impact our remaining private-labelprivate label MBS portfolio.  We cannot predict if or when impairments will occur, or the impact these impairments may have on our retained earnings and capital position. See page 28 of the Risk Factors section on page 16 of our 20162017 Form 10-K.

We may not pay dividends if we fail to satisfy our minimum capital and liquidity requirements under the FHLB Act and FHFA regulations.

On April 25, 2017,24, 2018, our Board of Directors increased the dividend declared per share on both sub-classes of capital stock. The Board declared a 3.15%4.00% dividend (annualized) for Class B1 activity stock and a 1.05%1.60% dividend (annualized) for Class B2 membership stock based on our preliminary financial results for the first quarter of 2017.2018. This dividend, including dividends on mandatorily redeemable capital stock, totaled $10$16 million and will be paidis scheduled for payment on May 15, 2017.2018.  The higherClass B2 capital stock dividend onis intended to enhance the value of membership; the Class B1 activitycapital stock in effect, lowers our members’dividend reduces the effective cost of doing business with us.borrowing from the Bank and rewards our members who support the entire cooperative by using our advance products.

Although we continue to work to maintain our financial strength to support a reasonable dividend, any future dividend determination by our Board will be at our Board's sole discretion and will depend on future operating results, our Retained Earnings and Dividend Policy and any other factors the Board determines to be relevant. For further information see Retained Earnings & Dividends on page 57 in our 20162017 Form 10-K.

We continue to allocate 20% of our net income each quarter to a restricted retained earnings account in accordance with the Joint Capital Enhancement Agreement that we entered into with the other FHLBs, as further discussed in Joint Capital Enhancement Agreement on page F-44F-45 in our 20162017 Form 10-K.


Critical Accounting Policies

For a detailed description of our Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates see page 61 in our 2016 Form 10-K.

Also see Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 3 - Recently Issued but Not Yet Adopted Accounting Standards to the financial statements in this Form 10-Q for the impact of changes in accounting policies and recently issued accounting standards on our financial results subsequent to December 31, 2016.

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Risk Management - Credit Risk


Managing Our Credit Risk Exposure Related to Member Credit Products

Our credit risk rating system focuses primarily on our member's overall financial health and takes into account the member's asset quality, earnings, and capital position. For further information please see Member Credit Risk Ratings on page 6461 in our 20162017 Form 10-K.

The following table presents the number of members and related credit outstanding to them by credit risk rating. Credit outstanding consists primarily of outstanding advances and letters of credit. MPF credit enhancement obligations, member derivative exposures, and other obligations make up the rest. Of the total credit outstanding, $42.2$50.9 billion were advances (par value) and $12.4$20.1 billion were letters of credit at March 31, 2017,2018, compared to $45.0$48.0 billion and $10.8$19.6 billion at December 31, 2016.2017.

 March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Rating Borrowing Members % of Total Credit Outstanding % of Total Collateral Loan Value Borrowing Members % of Total Credit Outstanding % of Total Collateral Loan Value Borrowing Members Credit Outstanding Collateral Loan Value Borrowing Members Credit Outstanding Collateral Loan Value
1-3 478
 97% $54,621
 100% $106,577
 483
 97% $55,750
 100% $106,814
 485
 $70,532
 $120,774
 495
 $67,105
 $116,810
4 7
 1% 48
 % 97
 7
 1% 47
 % 103
 6
 487
 565
 7
 498
 577
5 10
 2% 72
 % 156
 11
 2% 140
 % 390
 11
 107
 229
 11
 120
 234
Total 495
 100% $54,741
 100% $106,830
 501

100%
$55,937

100%
$107,307
 502
 $71,126
 $121,568
 513

$67,723

$117,621


The majority of members assigned a 4 rating in the above table were required to submit specific collateral listings and the majority of members assigned a 5 rating were required to deliver collateral to us or a third-partythird party custodian on our behalf.


MPF Loans and Related Exposures

For details on our allowance for credit losses on MPF Loans, please see Note 8 - Allowance for Credit Losses to the financial statements.

Credit Risk Exposure - Our credit risk exposure on conventional MPF Loans held in portfolio is the potential for financial losscredit losses due to borrower default on contractual principal and interest, which would result from the depreciation in the value of the real estate collateral securing the MPF Loan, offset by our ability to recover losses from PMI, Recoverable CE Fees, and the CE Amount which may include SMI. The PFI is required to pledge collateral to secure any portion of its CE Amount that is a direct obligation of the PFI. For further details see

Loss Structure for Credit Risk Sharing Products on page 9 of our 2017 Form 10-K, and Credit Risk Exposure and Setting Credit Enhancement Levels - Credit losses in a Master Commitment are first absorbed by the Bank’s FLA but, if applicable to the MPF product, we will withhold a PFI’s scheduled performance credit enhancement fee in order to reimburse ourselves for any losses allocated to the FLA. If the FLA is exhausted, the credit losses are then absorbed by the PFI’s CE Amount that is calculated by utilizing a third party’s credit model. For further details on the FLA and PFI’s CE Amount, refer to Item 1- PFI Responsibilitieson page 9 and Note 2 - MPF Risk Sharing Structure on page F-15 of the 2016 10-K.
Pursuant to the revised AMA regulation, effective January 18, 2017, we adjusted our methodology to set the PFI’s CE Amount. The PFI’s CE Amount is determined by the Bank with respect to an asset or a pool, based on documented analysis, that the Bank has a high degree of confidence that it will not bear material losses beyond the losses absorbed by the FLA, even under reasonably likely adverse changes to expected economic conditions.
The CE Amounts and the FLA for certain conventional MPF products held in our portfolio may be periodically reset lower for each Master Commitment after a required period of seasoning because the amount of credit enhancement necessary to maintain our risk of credit losses within our risk tolerance is usually reduced over time.
Under the MPF Plus product, the PFI is required to provide an SMI policy covering MPF Loans in the Master Commitment and having a deductible initially equal to the FLA. Certain SMI providers fell below the requirements in the MPF Guides and instead of replacing the SMI provider or indemnifying us for any losses, most PFIs elected to forfeit future performance CE Fees. Credit losses associated with Master Commitments where the SMI coverage has been discontinued are incorporated into the allowance for credit losses calculation. Such credit losses are immaterial.

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The following table shows the status63 of our credit enhancement structure on conventional MPF Loans held in portfolio. Unpaid principal balances in this table include REO, as losses in REO impact, and are impacted by, the credit enhancement structure of a Master Commitment. As defined, the CE Amount includes SMI on the MPF Plus product. Government Loans are excluded from the table as they are not directly credit enhanced by the PFI.
  As of March 31, 2017
MPF Product Type Unpaid Principal Balance 90+ Days Delinquent 
FLA a
 
PFI's CE Amount b
100 $277
 1.94% 4.37% 3.82%
125 950
 0.39% 1.39% 1.65%
Plus 1,613
 4.11% 5.19% 1.74%
35 14
 —% 0.35% 3.48%
Original 994
 1.28% 1.02% 8.91%
a
For each product above, except MPF Original, a portion of losses experienced at the FLA level may be recovered through the withholding of performance-based CE Fees from PFIs.
b
Credit losses on a loan may only be absorbed by the CE Amount in the Master Commitment related to the loan. For further detail refer to Note 2 - MPF Risk Sharing Structure on page F-15 of the 20162017 Form 10-K.


Mortgage Repurchase Risk

For details on our mortgage repurchase risk in connection with our sale of MPF Loans to third party investors and MPF Loans securitized into MBS when a loan eligibility requirement or other warranty is breached, see Mortgage Repurchase Risk on page 6765 in our 20162017 Form 10-K.



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Investment Securities

We hold a variety of AA or better rated investment securities, mostly government backed or insured securities such as GSE debt and FFELP ABS, and we believe these investments are low risk. There waswere no material changechanges in the credit ratings of these securities since December 31, 2016.2017. For further details see Investment Securities by Rating on page 7067 in our 20162017 Form 10-K. Except for private-labelprivate label MBS, as noted below, we have never taken an impairment charge on our investment securities.

Our private-labelprivate label MBS are predominantly variable rate securities rated below investment grade (BBB). There waswere no material changechanges in overall credit quality since December 31, 2016,2017, nor have we acquired any new private-labelprivate label MBS. We last had an other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) loss on private-labelprivate label MBS in 2012. We currently have unrealized gains on these securities as their market values have improved from the impaired values and subsequent to 2012 we have begun recording accretion gains on these securities back into income. For further details see Note 5 - InvestmentsInvestment Securities to the financial statements.


Unsecured Short-Term Investments Credit Exposure

ForSee Unsecured Short-Term Investmentspage 70 in our 2017 Form 10-K for further details on our unsecured short-term investments as well as policies and procedures to limit and monitor our unsecured credit risk exposure, see page 72 in our 2016 Form 10-K.exposure.

The following table presents the credit ratings of our unsecured investment credit exposures by the domicile of the counterparty or the domicile of the counterparty's parent for U.S. branches and agency offices of foreign commercial banks. This table does not reflect the foreign sovereign government's credit rating. The unsecured investment credit exposure presented in the table may not reflect the average or maximum exposure during the period as the table reflects only the balances at period end.

As of March 31, 2017 AA A BBB Unrated Total
As of March 31, 2018 AA A BBB Below BBB Total
Domestic U.S.                    
Interest-Bearing Deposits $
 $700
 $
 $
 $700
 $
 $775
 $
 $
 $775
Fed Funds Sold 
 
 115
 2
 117
 975
 
 191
 20
 1,186
U.S. branches and agency offices of foreign commercial banks - Federal Funds sold:                    
Australia 2,000
 
 
 
 2,000
 1,500
 
 
 
 1,500
Canada 
 1,300
 
 
 1,300
 
 1,900
 
 
 1,900
France 
 300
 
 
 300
 
 500
 
 
 500
Japan 
 700
 
 
 700
 
 700
 
 
 700
Netherlands 
 600
 
 
 600
 
 650
 
 
 650
Norway 
 600
 
 
 600
 
 600
 
 
 600
Sweden 2,000
 700
 
 
 2,700
 1,625
 700
 
 
 2,325
Total unsecured credit exposure $4,000
 $4,900
 $115
 $2
 $9,017
 $4,100
 $5,825
 $191
 $20
 $10,136


All $9.0$10.1 billion of the unsecured credit exposure shown in the above table were overnight investments.

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Managing Our Credit Risk Exposure Related to Derivative Agreements

See Note 9 - Derivatives and Hedging Activities to the financial statements for a discussion of how we manage our credit risk exposure related to derivative agreements. We have credit exposure on net asset positions where we have not received adequate collateral from our counterparties. We also have credit exposure on net liability positions where we have pledged collateral in excess of our liability to a counterparty.

The following table presents our derivative positions where we have such credit exposures. The rating used was the lowest rating among the three largest Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations.NRSROs. Non-cash collateral pledged consists of initial margin we posted through our FCMs, on behalf of the DCOs for cleared derivatives and is included in our derivative positions with credit exposure.

 Net Derivative Fair Value Before Collateral Cash Collateral Pledged Non-cash Collateral Pledged Net Credit Exposure to Counterparties  Net Derivative Fair Value Before Collateral Cash Collateral Pledged Noncash Collateral Pledged Net Credit Exposure to Counterparties 
As of March 31, 2017         
As of March 31, 2018         
Non-member counterparties -                  
Undercollateralized asset positions -         
Bilateral derivatives -         
BBB $20
 $(20) $
 $
a 
Overcollateralized liability positions -         
Bilateral derivatives -         
A rated (54) 55
 
 1
 
BBB (70) 70
 
 
a 
Cleared derivatives (9) 
 64
 55
 
Non-member counterparties (113) 105
 64
 56
 
Member institutions 1
 
 
 1
 
Total $(112) $105
 $64
 $57
 
         
As of December 31, 2017         
Nonmember counterparties -         
Undercollateralized asset positions -         
Bilateral derivatives -         
BBB $8

$(8)
$

$
a 
Overcollateralized liability positions -                  
Bilateral derivatives -                  
AA rated $(11) $11
 $
 $
a 
 (52) 52
 
 
a 
A rated (46) 47
 
 1
  (75) 76
 
 1
 
Cleared derivatives (9) 
b 
78
 69
  (6) 
 67
 61
 
Non-member counterparties (66) 58
 78
 70
 
Member institutions 1
 
 
 1
 
Nonmember counterparties (125) 121
 67
 63
 
Member counterparties 1
 
 
 1
 
Total $(65) $58
 $78
 $71
  $(124) $121
 $67
 $64
 
         
As of December 31, 2016         
Non-member counterparties -         
Overcollateralized liability positions -         
Bilateral derivatives -         
AA rated $(60) $60
 $
 $
a 
A rated (57) 60
 
 3
 
Cleared derivatives (206) 198
b 
97
 89
 
Non-member counterparties (323)
318

97

92
 
Member institutions 2
 
 
 2
 
Total $(321)
$318

$97

$94
 
a 
Less than $1 million.
b

Effective in January of 2017 we began accounting for variation margin payments made to or received by the DCOs through our FCMs as settlements to our derivative assets and derivative liabilities. Accordingly, we no longer include variation margin in the Cash Collateral Pledged column. See Note 1 - Background and Basis of Presentation,Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 9 - Derivatives and Hedging Activities for further details.

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Legislative and Regulatory Developments

Significant regulatory actions and developments are summarized below.

2017 Wisconsin Act 340. On April 16, 2018, Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker signed into law the 2017 Wisconsin Act 340 which includes three provisions we believe will benefit the Bank and our Wisconsin members.
The first provision clarifies in the Wisconsin public deposit statute that FHLB letters of credit are acceptable collateral substitutes for public unit deposits. This clarification may help our Wisconsin bank and credit union members more easily obtain low-cost local funding.
The second provision provides protections for the Bank under state insurance insolvency law by limiting the stay authority applicable to the Bank and removing the Bank from the voidable preference provisions. These protections will allow our Wisconsin insurance company members to receive improved securities collateral values when borrowing from us.
The third provision allows the Wisconsin Department of Financial Institutions to share their confidential exam reports of state-chartered banks, thrifts, and credit unions with the Bank. Federal law has long required federal banking regulators to share their exam reports with the FHLBs. This provision will help our Wisconsin-chartered depository members receive similar collateral values as federally-chartered institutions when borrowing from us.

FHFA Proposed Amendments to Affording Housing Program ("AHP") Regulations. On March 14, 2018, the FHFA published a proposed rule to amend the operating requirements of the FHLBs’ AHP.  The proposal is open for public comment through June 12, 2018.  If adopted as proposed, among other updates, the AHP rule would: 
require an FHLB to create its own scoring criteria that are designed to satisfy new regulatory outcome requirements, replacing the existing regulatory scoring guidelines;
permit an FHLB to voluntarily increase its AHP homeownership set-aside funding program to 40% of annual available funds (up from the current rule’s 35% annual limit);
increase the per-household set-aside grant amount to $22,000 with an annual housing price inflation adjustment (up from the current fixed limit of $15,000);
remove the retention agreement requirement for owner-occupied units;
further align AHP monitoring with certain federal government funding programs;
increase threshold requirements for certain project types, such as projects dedicated to homeless or special needs populations; and
authorize an FHLB using market research empirical data to create special targeted grant programs that would be a sub-set of the regular AHP competitive funding program.

The rule, as proposed, would represent a substantial overhaul of the existing regulation on the FHLBs’ AHP and fundamentally change the structure and methodology for awarding grants to affordable housing projects. The proposed rule would also increase AHP’s complexity and administrative burden.
The rule, as proposed, would require changes in the areas of operations, communications, and information systems of the FHLBs. It would also require increased Board and Affordable Housing Advisory Council action and increased communications and education with members and sponsors. We do not believe, the rule, if adopted substantially as proposed, would be material to our financial condition or results of operation, since, among other things, it would not increase the annual AHP funding requirement.  However, we expect there will be increased costs related to implementing the rule requirements and making related adjustments to our systems. In addition, if the rule is adopted as proposed, the Bank expects a possible change to the types of projects that may be funded on a go-forward basis in the Bank’s district, with a commensurate impact on AHP sponsors and their respective communities.

Office of the Comptroller of the Currency ("OCC"), Federal Reserve Board ("FRB"), Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC"), Farm Credit Administration and FHFA Proposed Rule on Margin and Capital Requirements for Covered Swap Entities. On February 21, 2018, the OCC, FRB, FDIC, Farm Credit Administration, and the FHFA published a proposed amendment to each agency’s final rule on Margin and Capital Requirements for Covered Swap Entities (“Swap Margin Rules”) to conform the definition of “eligible master netting agreement” in such rules to the FRB’s, OCC’s and FDIC’s final qualified financial contract (“QFC”) rules. It also clarifies that a legacy swap would not be deemed to be a covered swap under the Swap Margin Rules if it is amended to conform to the QFC rules. The QFC rules previously published by the OCC, FRB, and FDIC require their respective regulated entities to amend covered QFCs to limit a counterparty’s immediate termination or exercise of default rights in the event of bankruptcy or receivership of the regulated entity or its affiliate(s).

Comments on the proposed rule were due by April 23, 2018. We continue to evaluate the proposed rule, but do not expect this rule, if adopted substantially as proposed, to materially affect our financial condition or results of operations.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.


Our Asset/Liability Management Committee provides oversight of risk management practices and policies. This includes routine reporting to senior Bank management and the Board of Directors, as well as maintaining the Income and Market Value Risk Policy, which defines our interest rate risk limits. The table below reflects the change in market risk limits under the policy.

 March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Scenario as of Change in Market Value of Equity Loss Limit Change in Market Value of Equity Loss Limit Change in Market Value of Equity Loss Limit Change in Market Value of Equity Loss Limit
-200 bp $241
 $(370) $192
 $(370) $156
 $(370) $202
 $(370)
-100 bp 95
 (155) 101
 (155) 56
 (155) 66
 (155)
-50 bp 40
 (60) 38
 (60) 31
 (60) 31
 (60)
-25 bp 18
 (30) 17
 (30) 17
 (30) 16
 (30)
+25 bp (18) (30) (17) (30) (18) (30) (17) (30)
+50 bp (37) (60) (36) (60) (38) (60) (37) (60)
+100 bp (76) (155) (76) (155) (79) (155) (83) (155)
+200 bp (164) (370) (167) (370) (178) (370) (195) (370)

Measurement of Market Risk Exposure
To measure our exposure, we discount the cash flows generated from modeling the terms and conditions of all interest rate-sensitive securities using current interest rates to determine their fair values or spreads to the swap curve for securities where third party prices are used. This includes considering explicit and embedded options using a lattice model or Monte Carlo simulation. We estimate yield curve, option, and basis risk exposures by calculating the fair value change in relation to various parallel changes in interest rates, implied volatility, prepayment speeds, spreads to the swap curve and mortgage rates.
 
The table below summarizes our sensitivity to various interest rate risk exposures in terms of changes in market value.

   Option Risk Basis Risk
 Yield Curve Risk Implied Volatility Prepayment Speeds Spread to Swap Curve Mortgage Spread
As of March 31, 2017$(1) $(2) $(2) (14) $1
As of December 31, 2016$(1) $(1) $(2) (14) $1
   Option Risk Basis Risk
 Yield Curve Risk Implied Volatility Prepayment Speeds Spread to Swap Curve Mortgage Spread
As of March 31, 2018$(1) $(2) $(2) (12) $1
As of December 31, 2017(1) (2) (2) (13) 1

Yield curve risk – Change in market value for a one basis point parallel increase in the swap curve.
Option risk (implied volatility) – Change in market value for a one percent parallel increase in the swaption volatility.
Option risk (prepayment speeds) – Change in market value for a one percent increase in prepayment speeds.
Basis risk (spread to swap curve) – Change in market value for a one basis point parallel increase in the spread to the swap curve.
Basis risk (mortgage spread) – Change in market value for a one basis point increase in mortgage rates.


As of March 31, 2017,2018, our sensitivity to changes in implied volatility was $(2) million. At December 31, 2016,2017, our sensitivity to changes in implied volatility was $(1)$(2) million. These sensitivities are limited in that they do not incorporate other risks, including but not limited to, non-parallel changes in yield curves, prepayment speeds, and basis risk related to differences between the swap and the other curves. Option positions embedded in our mortgage assets and callable debt impact our yield curve risk profile, such that swap curve changes significantly greater than one basis point cannot be linearly interpolated from the table above.


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(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


Duration of equity is another measure to express interest rate sensitivity. We report the results of our duration of equity calculations to the FHFA each quarter. We measure duration of equity in a base case using the actual yield curve as of a specified date and then shock it with an instantaneous shift of the entire curve. The following table presents the duration of equity reported by us to the FHFA in accordance with the FHFA's guidance, which prescribes that down and up interest-rate shocks equal 200 basis points. The results are shown in years of duration equity.

March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016
Down 200 bps Base Up 200 bps Down 200 bps Base Up 200 bps
2.5 1.4 1.8 2.3 1.3 1.8

 Duration of equity
Scenario as of Down 200 bps Base Up 200 bps
March 31, 2018 2.1 1.2 1.8
December 31, 2017 2.9 1.2 2.2


As of March 31, 2017,2018, on a U.S. GAAP basis, our fair value surplus (relative to book value) was $368$358 million, and our market value of equity to book value of equity ratio was 108%107%, compared to $388$371 million and 108%107% at December 31, 2016.2017. Our market to book value of total capital for regulatory risk-based capital purposes differs from this GAAP calculation, as discussed in Note 11 - Capital and Mandatorily Redeemable Capital Stock (MRCS) to the financial statements.



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(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


Item 4. Controls and Procedures.


Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as of the end of the period covered by this report (the Evaluation Date). Based on this evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded as of the Evaluation Date that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective such that information relating to us that is required to be disclosed in reports filed with the SEC (i) is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.


Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

For the most recent quarter presented in this Form 10-Q, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


Consolidated Obligations

Our disclosure controls and procedures include controls and procedures for accumulating and communicating information relating to our joint and several liability for the consolidated obligations of other FHLBs. For further information, see Item 9A. Controls and Procedures on page 8481 of our 20162017 Form 10-K.



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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION


Item 1. Legal Proceedings.


For a discussion of the litigation relating to private-labelprivate label MBS bonds purchased by the Bank, see Item 3. Legal Proceedings on page 3130 of our 20162017 Form 10-K.
The Bank may also be subject to various other legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business. After consultation with legal counsel, management is not aware of any other proceedings that might have a material effect on the Bank's financial condition or results of operations.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

In addition to the information presented in this report, readers should carefully consider the factors set forth in the Risk Factors section on page 1816 in our 20162017 Form 10-K, which could materially affect our business, financial condition, or future results. These risks are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also severely affect us.


Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
Not applicable.


Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.


Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.


Item 5. Other Information.

None.



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Item 6. Exhibits.

  
10.1
10.2Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago President and Executive Team Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended and restated effective January 1, 2017
31.1Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by the Principal Executive Officer
  
  
  
  
101.INSXBRL Instance Document - The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.
  
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
  
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
  
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
  
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
  
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

aFiled as Exhibit 10.7 with our Form 10-K on March 9, 2017, SEC File No.: 000-51401

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Glossary of Terms

Advances: Secured loans to members.
 
ABS: Asset-backed-securities.Asset backed securities.
 
AFS: Available-for-sale securities.

AOCI: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.

Capital Plan: The Second Amended and Restated Capital Plan of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago, effective as of October 1, 2015.

CE Amount: A PFI's assumption of credit risk on conventional MPF Loan products held in an MPF Bank's portfolio that are funded by, or sold to, an MPF Bank by providing credit enhancement either through a direct liability to pay credit losses up to a specified amount or through a contractual obligation to provide SMI. Does not apply to the MPF Government, MPF Xtra, MPF Direct or MPF Government MBS product.

CE Fee: Credit enhancement fee. PFIs are paid a credit enhancement fee for managing credit risk and in some instances, all or a portion of the CE Fee may be performance based.

CFTC: Commodity Futures Trading Commission

Consolidated Obligations (CO): FHLB debt instruments (bonds and discount notes) which are the joint and several liability of all FHLBs; issued by the Office of Finance.
Consolidated obligation bonds: Consolidated obligations that make periodic interest payments with a term generally over one year, although we have issued for terms of less than one year.
 
DCO: Derivatives Clearing Organization. A clearinghouse, clearing association, clearing corporation, or similar entity that enables each party to an agreement, contract, or transaction to substitute, through novation or otherwise, the credit of the DCO for the credit of the parties; arranges or provides, on a multilateral basis, for the settlement or netting of obligations; or otherwise provides clearing services or arrangements that mutualize or transfer credit risk among participants.

Discount notes: Consolidated obligations with a term of one year or less, which sell at less than their face amount and are redeemed at par value when they mature.
Dodd-Frank Act: Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, enacted July 21, 2010.
 
Excess capital stock: Capital stock held by members in excess of their minimum investment requirement.
 
Fannie Mae: Federal National Mortgage Association.
 
FASB: Financial Accounting Standards Board.

FCM: Futures Commission Merchant.
 
FFELP: Federal Family Education Loan Program.
 
FHFA: Federal Housing Finance Agency - The Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 enacted on July 30, 2008 created the Federal Housing Finance Agency which became the regulator of the FHLBs.
 
FHLB Act: The Federal Home Loan Bank Act of 1932, as amended.
 
FHLBs: The 11 Federal Home Loan Banks or subset thereof.
 
FHLB System: The 11 FHLBs and the Office of Finance.

FHLBC: The Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago.

FHLB Chicago: The Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago.


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FLA: First loss account is a memo account used to track the MPF Bank's exposure to losses until the CE Amount is available to cover losses.
 
Freddie Mac: Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation.
 
GAAP: Generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America.
 
Ginnie Mae: Government National Mortgage Association.

Ginnie Mae MBS: Mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by Ginnie Mae. 
 
Government Loans: Mortgage loans insured or guaranteed by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) or Department of Agriculture Rural Housing Service (RHS).
 
GSE: Government sponsored enterprise.

HFS: Held for sale.

HTM: Held-to-maturity securities.

LIBOR: London Interbank Offered Rate.

Master Commitment (MC): Pool of MPF Loans purchased or funded by an MPF Bank.
 
MBS: Mortgage-backed securities.

Moody's: Moody's Investors Service.
 
MPF®: Mortgage Partnership Finance.
 
MPF Banks: FHLBs that participate in the MPF program.

MPF Direct product: The MPF Program product under which we acquire non-conforming (jumbo) MPF Loans from PFIs without any CE Amount and concurrently resell them to a third party investor.

MPF Government MBS product: The MPF Program product under which we aggregate Government Loans acquired from PFIs in order to issue securities guaranteed by the Ginnie Mae that are backed by such Government Loans.

MPF Guides: MPF Program Guide, MPF Selling Guide, and MPF Servicing Guide including the Selling and Servicing Guides and manuals for specific MPF Loan products.

MPF Loans: Conventional and government mortgage loans secured by one-to-four family residential properties with maturities from five to 30 years or participations in such mortgage loans that are acquired under the MPF Program.

MPF Program: A secondary mortgage market structure that provides liquidity to FHLB members that are PFIs through the purchase or funding by an FHLB of MPF Loans.

MPF Xtra® product: The MPF Program product under which we acquire MPF Loans from PFIs without any CE Amount and concurrently resell them to Fannie Mae.

MRCS: Mandatorily redeemable capital stock. 

NRSRO: Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organization.

Office of Finance: A joint office of the FHLBs established by the Finance Board to facilitate issuing and servicing of consolidated obligations.

OTTI: Other-than-temporary impairment.

PFI: Participating Financial Institution. A PFI is a member (or eligible housing associate) of an MPF Bank that has applied to and been accepted to do business with its MPF Bank under the MPF Program.

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PMI: Primary Mortgage Insurance.

PwC: PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.

RCAP: Reduced Capitalization Advance Program.

Recorded Investment: Recorded investment in a loan is its amortized cost basis plus related accrued interest receivable, if any. Recorded investment is not net of an allowance for credit losses but is net of any direct charge-off on a loan. Amortized cost basis is defined as either the amount funded or the cost to purchase MPF Loans. Specifically, the amortized cost basis includes the initial fair value amount of the delivery commitment as of the purchase or settlement date, agent fees (i.e., market risk premiums or discounts paid to or received from PFIs), if any, subsequently adjusted, if applicable, for accretion, amortization, collection of cash, charge-offs, and cumulative basis adjustments related to fair value hedges.

Recoverable CE Fee: Under the MPF Program, the PFI may receive a contingent performance based credit enhancement fee whereby such fees are reduced up to the amount of the FLA by losses arising under the Master Commitment.
 
Regulatory capital: Regulatory capital stock plus retained earnings.

Regulatory capital stock: The sum of the paid-in value of capital stock and mandatorily redeemable capital stock.

REO: Real estate owned.

SEC: Securities and Exchange Commission.

SMI: Supplemental mortgage insurance.

System or FHLB System: The Federal Home Loan Bank System consisting of the 11 Federal Home Loan Banks and the Office of Finance.

UPB: Unpaid Principal Balance.

U.S.: United States

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Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
     
  FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK OF CHICAGO
     
  /s/    Matthew R. Feldman
  Name: Matthew R. Feldman
  Title: President and Chief Executive Officer
Date:May 8, 20172018(Principal Executive Officer)
     
  /s/   Roger D. Lundstrom
  Name: Roger D. Lundstrom
  Title: Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date:May 8, 20172018(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)


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