Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 20182019
OR
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from              to             
Commission File No. 000-51401
logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 Federally chartered corporation 36-6001019 
 
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
 
200 East Randolph Drive
Chicago, IL
 60601 
 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) 

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (312) 565-5700
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer   o
 
Accelerated filer  o
 
Non-accelerated filer   x  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Smaller reporting company   o
     
Emerging growth company   o
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o No x

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered

As of March 31, 2018,2019, including mandatorily redeemable capital stock, registrant had 18,903,68219,752,342 total outstanding shares of Class B Capital Stock.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS


PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
   
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION 
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 5.
Item 6.
 
 


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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.    Financial Statements.
Statements of Condition (unaudited)
(Dollars in millions, except capital stock par value)
March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
AssetsAssets   Assets   
Cash and due from banksCash and due from banks$40
 $42
Cash and due from banks$25
 $28
Interest bearing depositsInterest bearing deposits775
 775
Interest bearing deposits425
 775
Federal Funds soldFederal Funds sold9,361
 7,561
Federal Funds sold11,220
 7,704
Securities purchased under agreements to resellSecurities purchased under agreements to resell6,250
 5,000
Securities purchased under agreements to resell2,400
 2,900
Investment securities -   
Investment debt securities -Investment debt securities -   
Trading,Trading,64and67pledged2,596
 233
Trading,339and269pledged3,985
 3,478
Available-for-saleAvailable-for-sale12,388
 12,957
Available-for-sale14,879
 14,614
Held-to-maturity,Held-to-maturity,3,791and4,538fair value3,448
 4,157
Held-to-maturity,2,753and3,492fair value2,485
 3,213
Investment securities18,432
 17,347
Investment debt securitiesInvestment debt securities21,349
 21,305
Advances,Advances,917 and776 carried at fair value50,840
 48,085
Advances,1,631 and1,025carried at fair value50,776
 52,628
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net ofMPF Loans held in portfolio, net of(2)and(2)allowance for credit losses5,357
 5,193
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net of(1)and(1)allowance for credit losses7,578
 7,103
Derivative assetsDerivative assets2
 3
Derivative assets19
 6
Other assets,Other assets,76and118carried at fair value334
 349
Other assets,36and108carried at fair value330
 408
AssetsAssets$91,391
 $84,355
Assets$94,122
 $92,857
       
LiabilitiesLiabilities   Liabilities   
Deposits -Deposits -   Deposits -   
Noninterest bearingNoninterest bearing$53
 $51
Noninterest bearing$66
 $54
Interest bearing,Interest bearing,11and32from other FHLBs632
 473
Interest bearing,16and29from other FHLBs495
 497
DepositsDeposits685
 524
Deposits561
 551
Consolidated obligations, net -Consolidated obligations, net -   Consolidated obligations, net -   
Discount notes,Discount notes,0and749carried at fair value41,483
 41,191
Discount notes,998and992carried at fair value39,639
 43,166
Bonds,4,985and5,260carried at fair value43,516
 37,121
3,347and2,352carried at fair value47,047
 42,250
Consolidated obligations, netConsolidated obligations, net84,999
 78,312
Consolidated obligations, net86,686
 85,416
Derivative liabilitiesDerivative liabilities19
 20
Derivative liabilities16
 16
Affordable Housing Program assessment payableAffordable Housing Program assessment payable86
 88
Affordable Housing Program assessment payable84
 84
Mandatorily redeemable capital stockMandatorily redeemable capital stock311
 311
Mandatorily redeemable capital stock315
 313
Other liabilitiesOther liabilities228
 248
Other liabilities1,131
 1,188
LiabilitiesLiabilities86,328
 79,503
Liabilities88,793
 87,568
Commitments and contingencies - see notes to the financial statementsCommitments and contingencies - see notes to the financial statements


 


Commitments and contingencies - see notes to the financial statements


 


CapitalCapital   Capital   
Class B1 activity stock,Class B1 activity stock,14and12million shares issued and outstanding1,368
 1,241
Class B1 activity stock,14and15million shares issued and outstanding1,366
 1,476
Class B2 membership stock,Class B2 membership stock,2and2million shares issued and outstanding211
 202
Class B2 membership stock,3and2million shares issued and outstanding294
 222
Capital stock - putable,Capital stock - putable,$100and$100par value per share1,579
 1,443
Capital stock - putable,$100and$100par value per share1,660
 1,698
Retained earnings - unrestrictedRetained earnings - unrestricted2,891
 2,845
Retained earnings - unrestricted3,080
 3,023
Retained earnings - restrictedRetained earnings - restricted467
 452
Retained earnings - restricted528
 513
Retained earningsRetained earnings3,358
 3,297
Retained earnings3,608
 3,536
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI)Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI)126
 112
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI)61
 55
CapitalCapital5,063
 4,852
Capital5,329
 5,289
Liabilities and capitalLiabilities and capital$91,391
 $84,355
Liabilities and capital$94,122
 $92,857



The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements (unaudited).

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Statements of Income (unaudited)
(Dollars in millions)

 Three months ended March 31,  Three months ended March 31,
 2018 2017  2019 2018
Interest incomeInterest income $480
 $337
Interest income $686
 $480
Interest expenseInterest expense 356
 224
Interest expense 568
 356
Net interest incomeNet interest income 124
 113
Net interest income 118
 124
         
Noninterest income -Noninterest income -    Noninterest income -    
Trading securitiesTrading securities 8
 
Derivatives and hedging activitiesDerivatives and hedging activities (3) 3
Derivatives and hedging activities (2) (3)
Instruments held under fair value optionInstruments held under fair value option (7) (2)Instruments held under fair value option 2
 (7)
MPF fees,6
and5
from other FHLBs 8
 7
7and6from other FHLBs 8
 8
Other, netOther, net 2
 2
Other, net 2
 2
Noninterest incomeNoninterest income 
 10
Noninterest income 18
 
         
Noninterest expense -Noninterest expense -    Noninterest expense -    
Compensation and benefitsCompensation and benefits 24
 25
Compensation and benefits 28
 24
Operating expensesOperating expenses 15
 15
Operating expenses 20
 15
OtherOther 3
 2
Other 2
 3
Noninterest expenseNoninterest expense 42
 42
Noninterest expense 50
 42
         
Income before assessmentsIncome before assessments 82
 81
Income before assessments 86
 82
         
Affordable Housing ProgramAffordable Housing Program 8
 8
Affordable Housing Program 9
 8
         
Net incomeNet income $74
 $73
Net income $77
 $74


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements (unaudited).



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Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited)
(Dollars in millions)

 Three months ended March 31, Three months ended March 31,
 2018 2017 2019 2018
Net income $74
 $73
 $77
 $74
        
Other comprehensive income (loss) -        
Net unrealized gain (loss) available-for-sale securities (49) 38
Noncredit OTTI held-to-maturity securities 7
 9
Net unrealized gain (loss) available-for-sale debt securities (2) (49)
Noncredit OTTI held-to-maturity debt securities 6
 7
Net unrealized gain (loss) cash flow hedges 58
 44
 (2) 58
Postretirement plans (2) (2) 4
 (2)
Other comprehensive income (loss) 14
 89
 6
 14
 
   
  
Comprehensive income $88
 $162
 $83
 $88


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements (unaudited).



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Statements of Capital (unaudited)
(Dollars and shares in millions)

Capital Stock - Putable - B1 Activity Capital Stock - Putable - B2 Membership 
Total
Capital Stock
 Retained Earnings    
Shares Value Shares Value Shares Value Unrestricted Restricted Total AOCI Total
December 31, 201815
 $1,476
 2
 $222
 17
 $1,698
 $3,023
 $513
 $3,536
 $55
 $5,289
Cumulative effect adjustment - see Note 2            16
 
 16
   16
Comprehensive income            62
 15
 77
 6
 83
Proceeds from issuance of capital stock6
 612
 
 
 6
 612
         612
Repurchases of capital stock
 
 (6) (649) (6) (649)         (649)
Capital stock reclassed to mandatorily redeemable capital stock liability
 
 
 (1) 
 (1)         (1)
Transfers between classes of capital stock(7) (722) 7
 722
              
Cash dividends - class B1            (20) 

 (20)   (20)
Class B1 annualized rate  5.00%                 5.00%
Cash dividends - class B2            (1)   (1)   (1)
Class B2 annualized rate      2.00%             2.00%
Total change in period(1) (110) 1
 72
 
 (38) 57
 15
 72
 6
 40
March 31, 201914
 $1,366
 3
 $294
 17
 $1,660
 $3,080
 $528
 $3,608
 $61
 $5,329
Capital Stock - Putable - B1 Activity Capital Stock - Putable - B2 Membership Capital Stock Retained Earnings   Total                     
Shares Value Shares Value Shares Value Unrestricted Restricted Total AOCI                      
December 31, 201712
 $1,241
 2
 $202
 14
 $1,443
 $2,845
 $452
 $3,297
 $112
 $4,852
12
 $1,241
 2
 $202
 14
 $1,443
 $2,845
 $452
 $3,297
 $112
 $4,852
Comprehensive income            59
 15
 74
 14
 88
            59
 15
 74
 14
 88
Proceeds from issuance of capital stock9
 822
 
 1
 9
 823
         823
9
 822
 
 1
 9
 823
         823
Repurchases of capital stock
 (1) (7) (686) (7) (687)         (687)
 (1) (7) (686) (7) (687)         (687)
Transfers between classes of capital stock(7) (694) 7
 694
              (7) (694) 7
 694
             

Cash dividends - class B1            (12) 

 (12)   (12)            (12)   (12)   (12)
Class B1 annualized rate                    3.50%  3.50%                 3.50%
Cash dividends - class B2            (1)   (1)   (1)            (1)   (1)   (1)
Class B2 annualized rate                    1.50%      1.50%             1.50%
Total change in period2
 127
 
 9
 2
 136
 46
 15
 61
 14
 211
2
 127
 
 9
 2
 136
 46
 15
 61
 14
 211
March 31, 201814
 $1,368
 2
 $211
 16
 $1,579
 $2,891
 $467
 $3,358
 $126
 $5,063
14

$1,368

2

$211

16

$1,579

$2,891

$467

$3,358

$126

$5,063
                     
December 31, 201612
 $1,160
 6
 $551
 18
 $1,711
 $2,631
 $389
 $3,020
 $(36) $4,695
Comprehensive income            59
 14
 73
 89
 162
Proceeds from issuance of capital stock4
 533
 
 1
 4
 534
         534
Repurchases of capital stock
 (34) (10) (926) (10) (960)         (960)
Capital stock reclassified to mandatorily redeemable capital stock liability
 (3) 
 
 
 (3)         (3)
Transfers between classes of capital stock(6) (619) 6
 619
             

Cash dividends - class B1            (9)   (9)   (9)
Class B1 annualized rate                    3.00%
Cash dividends - class B2            (1)   (1)   (1)
Class B2 annualized rate                    0.85%
Total change in period(2) (123) (4) (306) (6) (429) 49
 14
 63
 89
 (277)
March 31, 201710

$1,037

2

$245

12

$1,282

$2,680

$403

$3,083

$53

$4,418


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements (unaudited).

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Condensed Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)
(Dollars in millions)

Three months ended March 31, 2018 2017 Three months ended March 31, 2019 2018
OperatingNet cash provided by (used in) operating activities $135
 $159
 Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $10
 $135
InvestingNet change interest bearing deposits 
 (50) Net change interest bearing deposits 350
 
Net change Federal Funds sold (1,800) (4,242) Net change Federal Funds sold (3,516) (1,800)
Net change securities purchased under agreements to resell (1,250) 1,800
 Net change securities purchased under agreements to resell 500
 (1,250)
Trading securities -     Trading debt securities -    
Sales 200
 801
 Sales 
 200
Proceeds from maturities and paydowns 2
 1
 Proceeds from maturities and paydowns 1,500
 2
Purchases (2,559) 
 Purchases (1,993) (2,559)
Available-for-sale securities -     Available-for-sale debt securities -    
Proceeds from maturities and paydowns 478
 354
 Proceeds from maturities and paydowns 1,400
 478
Held-to-maturity securities -     Purchases (1,560) 
Short-term held-to-maturity securities, net 535
a 
619
a 
Held-to-maturity debt securities - a
    
Proceeds from maturities and paydowns 188
 256
 Proceeds from maturities and paydowns 1,190
 1,274
Purchases (14) (3) Purchases (450) (565)
Advances -     Advances -    
Principal collected 320,511
 141,871
 Principal collected 369,296
 320,511
Issued (323,358) (139,145) Issued (367,318) (323,358)
MPF Loans held in portfolio -     MPF Loans held in portfolio -    
Principal collected 187
 264
 Principal collected 168
 187
Purchases (355) (241) Purchases (645) (355)
Other investing activities 3
 9
 Other investing activities 3
 3
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (7,232) 2,294
 Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (1,075) (7,232)
FinancingNet change deposits 161
 68
 Net change deposits, incl.(13)and(20)from other FHLBs 10
 161
Discount notes -     Discount notes -    
Net proceeds from issuance 436,144
 320,127
 Net proceeds from issuance 430,677
 436,144
Payments for maturing and retiring (435,852) (323,269) Payments for maturing and retiring (434,225) (435,852)
Consolidated obligation bonds -     Consolidated obligation bonds -    
Net proceeds from issuance 11,586
 4,130
 Net proceeds from issuance 12,297
 11,586
Payments for maturing and retiring (5,062) (3,380) Payments for maturing and retiring (7,640) (5,062)
Capital stock -     Capital stock -    
Proceeds from issuance 823
 534
 Proceeds from issuance 612
 823
Repurchases (687) (960) Repurchases (649) (687)
Cash dividends paid (13) (10) Cash dividends paid (21) (13)
Other financing activities (5) (10) Other financing activities 1
 (5)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 7,095
 (2,770) Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 1,062
 7,095
Net increase (decrease) in cash and due from banks (2) (317) Net increase (decrease) in cash and due from banks (3) (2)
Cash and due from banks at beginning of period 42
 351
 Cash and due from banks at beginning of period 28
 42
Cash and due from banks at end of period $40
 $34
 Cash and due from banks at end of period $25
 $40
a 
Short-term assetsPresentation of cash flow amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to reflect short-term held-to-maturity purchases and liabilities may be presentedproceeds on a gross, rather than net, basis provided that the original maturity of the asset or liability is three months or less from the date of origination or the date of purchase.basis. Certain reclassifications made to prior periods to properly present gross cash flows were not material.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements (unaudited).

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Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


Note 1 – Background and Basis of Presentation

The Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago is a federally chartered corporation and one of 11 Federal Home Loan Banks (the FHLBs) that, with the Office of Finance, comprise the Federal Home Loan Bank System (the System).  The FHLBs are government-sponsored enterprises (GSE) of the United States of America and were organized under the Federal Home Loan Bank Act of 1932, as amended (FHLB Act), in order to improve the availability of funds to support home ownership.  We are supervised and regulated by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), an independent federal agency in the executive branch of the United States (U.S.) government.

Each FHLB is a member-owned cooperative with members from a specifically defined geographic district. Our defined geographic district is Illinois and Wisconsin. All federally-insured depository institutions, insurance companies engaged in residential housing finance, credit unions and community development financial institutions located in our district are eligible to apply for membership with us. All our members are required to purchase our capital stock as a condition of membership. Our capital stock is not publicly traded, and is issued, repurchased or redeemed at par value, $100 per share, subject to certain statutory and regulatory limits. As a cooperative, we do business with our members, and former members (under limited circumstances). Specifically, we provide credit principally in the form of secured loans called advances. We also provide liquidity for home mortgage loans to members approved as Participating Financial Institutions (PFIs) through the Mortgage Partnership Finance® (MPF®) Program.

Our accounting and financial reporting policies conform to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (GAAP). Amounts in prior periods may be reclassified to conform to the current presentation and, if material, are discloseddetailed in the following notes.

In the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments have been included for a fair statement of this interim financial information. These unaudited financial statements and the following footnotes should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and footnotes for the year ended December 31, 2017,2018, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K (2017(2018 Form 10-K) starting on page F-1, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

Unless otherwise specified, references to we, us, our, and the Bank are to the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago.

“Mortgage Partnership Finance”, “MPF”, “MPF Xtra”, and "Community First" are registered trademarks of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago.

See the Glossary of Terms starting on page 5856 for the definitions of certain terms used herein.

Use of Estimates and Assumptions

We are required to make estimates and assumptions when preparing our financial statements in accordance with GAAP. The most significant of these estimates and assumptions applies to fair value measurements and allowance for credit losses. Our actual results may differ from the results reported in our financial statements due to such estimates and assumptions. This includes the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the reported amounts of income and expense, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities.

Basis of Presentation

The basis of presentation pertaining to the consolidation of our variable interest entities has not changed since we filed our 20172018 Form 10-K.  The basis of presentation pertaining to our gross versus net presentation of derivative financial instruments also has not changed since we filed our 20172018 Form 10-K.

Refer to Note 1- Background and Basis of Presentation to the financial statements in our 20172018 Form 10-K with respect to our basis of presentation for consolidation of variable interest entities and our gross versus net presentation of financial instruments for further details.

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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies


Our Summary of Significant Accounting Policies through December 31, 2017,2018, can be found in Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the financial statements in our 20172018 Form 10-K. We adopted the following policies effective January 1, 2018:2019:

Recognition and MeasurementThe Inclusion of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (ASU 2016-01)the Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes (FASB ASU 2018-16)

We are requiredIn October of 2018, the FASB issued an amendment that adds the OIS rate based on the SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes, in light of the plan for a phase out of the oversight of LIBOR. The SOFR OIS rate is the fixed rate on a U.S. dollar, constant-notional interest rate swap that has its variable-rate leg referenced to recognizeSOFR (an overnight rate) with no additional spread over SOFR on that variable-rate leg. That fixed rate is the portionderived rate that would result in the swap having a zero fair value at inception because the present value of instrument-specific credit risk attributablefixed cash flows, based on that rate, equates to the total change in fairpresent value of our consolidated obligations that are carried at fair value in our statements of comprehensive income. We measure such instrument-specific credit riskthe variable cash flows. Including the OIS rate based on our nonperformanceSOFR as an eligible benchmark interest rate during the early stages of the marketplace transition should facilitate the LIBOR to SOFR transition and provide sufficient lead time for us to prepare for changes to interest rate risk which includes our nonperformancehedging strategies for both risk management and the credit risk associated with the joint and several liability of other FHLBs. Thehedge accounting purposes. We adopted this amendment on a prospective basis for qualifying new hedging relationships entered on or after January 1, 2019. The new guidance did not have an effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows at the time of adoption.adoption but we continue to evaluate potential future impacts.

Revenue from Contracts with CustomersTargeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities (ASU 2014-09)2017-12)

In August of 2017, the FASB issued targeted improvements to existing derivatives and hedging guidance. Upon adoption, we modified the risk of certain fair value hedges from contractual coupon interest rate to benchmark rate component improving hedge effectiveness. The revenue recognitionopening cumulative adjustment related to modifying the risk being hedged was an increase to retained earnings of $16 million and a corresponding increase to the cumulative basis adjustment (carrying value) of the hedged items. The opening adjustment to retained earnings related to ineffectiveness recognized in prior reporting periods attributable to open cash flow hedges was not material. Prior reporting periods were not restated.

Significant changes to existing GAAP guidance did not have any effect on our financial condition, resultswere as follows:

Hedging Strategies Newly Permitted:

Permits entering into a cash flow hedge of operations, orthe variability in cash flows atin a financial instrument that has a contractually specified interest rate.
Permits hedging the timebenchmark risk component of adoption. This is becausecash flows in a fair value hedge.
Permits entering into a partial-term fair value hedge of the majorityhedged item.
Permits entering into last-of-layer fair value hedges.

Assessment of our financial instruments and other contractual rights that generate revenue are covered by other GAAP, and therefore, were scoped out of this new guidance. Further, our priorHedge Effectiveness:

Permits qualitatively assessing hedge effectiveness.
Enabled applying the long-haul method of recognizing service fee revenueassessing hedge effectiveness in cases where the shortcut method was consistent with this new guidance. Asinitially applied but subsequently is not or is no longer is appropriate.

Financial Statement Presentation:

Required the entire change in fair value of the hedging instrument in a result, no cumulative effect adjustmentcash flow hedge to be recorded and deferred in AOCI until reclassification to our opening balancestatements of retained earnings in 2018 was required under the modified retrospective method.income would be required.

Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (ASU 2017-07)

We are required to classify the service cost component of our net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs as compensation costs. All other components of our net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs are requiredRequired hedge ineffectiveness to be classified as Noninterestpresented in either interest income or interest expense, - Other. Previously, our total net periodic pension and postretirement costs were classified as compensation costs. We made this classification change on a prospectivewhichever is appropriate, rather than retrospective basis dueinto noninterest income on derivatives and hedging activities in our statements of income. This means that changes in fair value on AFS debt securities in a fair value hedging relationship are immediately recognized into interest income in our statement of income.
The above presentation guidance was prospectively adopted. Prior to materiality. This classification guidance did not have a significant effectJanuary 1, 2019, hedge ineffectiveness was classified in noninterest income on derivatives and hedging activities in our financial condition, resultsstatements of operations, and cash flows.

Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments in the Statement of Cash Flows (ASU 2016-15)

We classify and disclose interest expense on zero coupon discount notes within operating activities, which is consistent with our prior and current classification practice. As a result, this guidance did have any effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows at the time of adoption.





income.


9

Table of Contents
logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Leases (ASU 2016-02)

In February of 2016, the FASB issued lease accounting guidance that became effective January 1, 2019. Upon adoption, we applied the guidance to the beginning of January 1, 2019, using the modified retrospective approach. Prior financial statements were not restated. There was no cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of January 1, 2019. The guidance required us to recognize and measure our operating leases as right-of-use assets, with terms that exceed 12 months, in our statements of condition - that amount, which was $11 million, was recognized in other assets and other liabilities as of January 1, 2019. Expenses attributable to our leases are included in noninterest expense - operating expenses in our statements of income. Payments related to our operating leases are classified within operating activities in our statements of cash flows.


Note 3 – Recently Issued but Not Yet Adopted Accounting Standards

Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities (ASU 2017-12)

In August of 2017, the FASB issued targeted improvements to existing derivatives and hedging guidance to facilitate financial reporting that more closely reflects an entity’s risk management activities. We plan to adopt this guidance as of January 1, 2019. We are in the process of determining the expected effect of this guidance on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Outlined below are the significant changes to existing GAAP guidance that are relevant to us.

Cash Flow Hedges:

For a cash flow hedge of interest rate risk of a variable-rate financial instrument, we would be able to designate the variability in cash flows attributable to the contractually specified interest rate as the hedged risk. By eliminating the concept of benchmark interest rates for hedges of variable-rate instruments under current GAAP, the amendments remove the requirement to designate only the overall variability in cash flows as the hedged risk in a cash flow hedge of a variable-rate instrument indexed to a non-benchmark interest rate.

The entire change in fair value of the hedging instrument is recorded in AOCI. Reclassification from AOCI into our statements of income, including hedge ineffectiveness, will depend on whether a recognition event has occurred, such as the discontinuation of the hedge relationship.

Fair Value Hedges:

Permits hedged risk to be the changes in fair value based on the contractual coupon’s benchmark rate component determined at hedge inception on the hedged item. Only the hedged risk of changes in fair value based on the full contractual coupon cash flows is permitted under existing GAAP.
Permits hedged risk to be partial-term of the hedged item, which only includes the designated cash flows being hedged.
Permits hedged risk to be a closed portfolio of prepayable financial assets or one or more beneficial interests secured by a portfolio of prepayable financial instruments in conjunction with a partial-term hedge election. The designated hedged item must have at least one asset or beneficial interest that will be outstanding at the end of the partial-term hedge election -that is, at least one asset or beneficial interest is not expected to be affected by prepayments, defaults, and other factors affecting the timing and amount of cash flows. This designation is referred to as the last-of-layer-method.

Cash Flow Hedges and Fair Value Hedges:

Requires both the effective and ineffective portion of a hedging relationship to be presented in either interest income or interest expense, whichever is appropriate. As a result, ineffectiveness related to hedging relationships would no longer be presented in derivatives and hedging activities.

Enables applying the long-haul method of assessing hedge effectiveness in cases where the shortcut method was initially applied but subsequently becomes no longer appropriate. This is provided only if we documented at hedge inception which long-haul methodology we would use in the event the shortcut method is discontinued.

Enables hedge effectiveness to be qualitatively assessed at the time of adoption for existing hedge relationships and for new hedge relationships entered into after adoption subsequent to their hedge inception in cases where initial quantitative testing is required. Such qualitative assessments would require us to quarterly verify and document that the facts and circumstances underlying the hedging relationship have not changed since hedge inception.

Transition:

Upon adoption, the modified retrospective method will be applied. This means all cumulative-effect adjustments, which includes eliminating the separate measurement of ineffectiveness to AOCI, will be recognized to the opening balance of retained earnings as of the beginning of January 1, 2019.
Permits us to modify the risk being hedged without de-designation of the fair value hedging relationship. Such a modification will require us to recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment. We also may elect to de-designate a portion of the modified hedged item. In such cases, we reverse the portion of the cumulative basis adjustment related to the hedged item de-designated cumulative basis adjustment with the offsetting entry recognized as a cumulative effect adjustment.


10

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logoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Permits us to reclassify a debt security from held-to-maturity to available-for-sale if the debt security is eligible to be included in the hedged item involving the last-of-the layer method. Any unrealized gain or loss at the date of the transfer would be recorded in AOCI.

The presentation and disclosure guidance will be adopted on a prospective basis.

Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASU 2016-13)

In June of 2016, the FASB amended existing GAAP guidance applicable to measuring credit losses on financial instruments. This guidance takes effect January 1, 2020. We are in the process of reviewing the expected effect of this guidance on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Specifically, the amendment replaces the “incurred loss” impairment methodology applied under current GAAP with an “expecteda “currently expected credit losses” or CECL methodology. The expected credit losses methodology requires us to estimate all credit losses on financial instruments carried on an amortized cost basis and off-balance-sheet credit exposures over their contractual term. On balance sheet financial instruments include, but are not limited to, advances, MPF Loans held in portfolio, and held-to-maturity (HTM) securities. Off-balance-sheet credit exposure refers to unfunded credit exposures, such as standby letters of credit. The measurement of expected credit lossesCECL is based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the financial instrument’s reported amount. Accordingly, the amendment is expected to result in recognizingUpon adoption, any difference between our existing and CECL allowance for credit losses inwill be recognized as a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of our retained earnings as of January 1, 2020. We do not expect this to have a material effect on our financial statements on a timelier basis by utilizing forward looking information.condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

In addition, the accounting for securities is amended as follows:

Aligns the income statement recognition of credit losses for securities with the reporting period in which changes in collectability occur by recording credit losses (and subsequent reversals) through an allowance rather than a write-down as currently required under GAAP.

Requires recognition of a credit loss on available-for-sale (AFS) securities into the income statement if the present value of cash flows expected to be collected on the security is less than its amortized cost basis. Additionally, the allowance on AFS debt securities will be limited to the amount by which fair value is less than the amortized cost basis.

Expands upon the current credit quality disclosures by requiring further disaggregation of financial instruments by their year of origination. This disclosure is expected to help financial statement users better understand credit quality trends of asset portfolios.

The new guidance takes effect January 1, 2020. Upon adoption, any difference in the credit loss amount attributable to both our on balance sheet and off balance sheet financial instruments resulting from applying the expected credit loss methodology compared to our existing incurred loss methodology will be recognized as a cumulative-effect adjustment to our January 1, 2020 opening retained earnings balance. A prospective transition approach is required for AFS debt securities. Accordingly, any OTTI write-downs on AFS debt securities recognized prior to January 1, 2020 may not be reversed at the time of our adoption. Improvements in expected cash flows for these securities will continue to be accounted for as yield adjustments over their remaining life. Additionally, recoveries for these securities will be recorded in earnings only when received. We are in the process of reviewing the expected effect ofdo not expect any material impact related to this guidance on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

LeasesCustomer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement (ASU 2016-02)2018-15)

In FebruaryAugust of 2016,2018, the FASB issued new leaseamendments to align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal use software license). The accounting guidance. A modified retrospective transition approach will be utilized atfor the timeservice element of adoption, whicha hosting arrangement that is a service contract is not affected by the amendments. The amendments are effective January 1, 2019.2020. Although early adoption of the amendments is permitted, including adoption in any interim period, we do not plan to adopt early. The new guidance requires usamendments should be applied either retrospectively or prospectively to recognize operating leases and right-to-use assets with terms exceeding 12 months, if any, in our statementsall implementation costs incurred after the date of condition. Our existing practice is to recognize operating leases off-balance sheet. The expense related to our lease payments and the interest expense on our lease obligations will continue to be included in a single line item in our statements of income.adoption. We do not expect the new guidance to have a significant effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows since our existing off-balance sheet operating leases are not material.


flows.

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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 4 – Interest Income and Interest Expense
The following table presents interest income and interest expense for the periods indicated:

 Three months ended March 31, Three months ended March 31,
 2018 2017 2019 2018
Interest income -        
        
Trading $6
 $1
 $17
 $6
        
Available-for-sale interest income 104
 108
 124
 104
Available-for-sale prepayment fees 7
 4
 1
 7
Available-for-sale 111
 112
 125
 111
        
Held-to-maturity 46
 53
 38
 46
        
Investment securities 163
 166
Investment debt securities 180
 163
        
Advances 214
 99
 358
 214
    
MPF Loans held in portfolio 55
 54
 76
 55
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell 44
 15
 67
 44
Other 4
 3
 5
 4
    
Interest income 480
 337
 686
 480
        
Interest expense -        
        
Consolidated obligations -        
Discount notes 183
 96
 281
 183
Bonds 169
 125
 279
 169
        
Other 4
 3
 8
 4
        
Interest expense 356
 224
 568
 356
        
Net interest income $124
 $113
 $118
 $124



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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 5 – Investment Debt Securities


We classify debt securities as either trading, held-to-maturity (HTM), or available-for-sale (AFS). Our security disclosures within these classifications are disaggregated by major security types as shown below. Our major security types are based on the nature and risks of the security.security:

U.S. Government & other government related - may consist of the sovereign debt of the United States; debt issued by government sponsored enterprises (GSE); debt issued by the Tennessee Valley Authority; and non-mortgage-backed securities ofguaranteed by the Small Business Administration and Tennessee Valley Authority.Administration.
Federal Family Education Loan Program - asset backedasset-backed securities (FFELP ABS).
GSE residential mortgage-backed securities (MBS) - issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
Government guaranteed residential MBS.
Private label residential MBS.
State or local housing agency obligations.


Pledged Collateral

We disclose the amount of investment securities pledged as collateral pertaining to our derivatives activity on our statements of condition. See Note 9 - Derivatives and Hedging Activities for further details.


Trading Debt Securities

The following table presents the fair value of our trading debt securities. Our unrealized

As of March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
U.S. Government & other government related $3,967
 $3,460
Residential MBS    
GSE 17
 17
Government guaranteed 1
 1
Trading debt securities $3,985
 $3,478



The following table presents our gains orand losses on trading debt securities still held on our statement of condition as of the end of the reporting period were not material.recorded in Noninterest Income Other.

As of March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
U.S. Government & other government related $2,565
 $202
Residential MBS    
GSE 30
 30
Government guaranteed 1
 1
Trading securities $2,596
 $233
  Three months ended March 31,
  2019 2018
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities held at period end $(3) $
Net realized gains (losses) on securities sold/matured during the period 11
 
Net gains (losses) on trading debt securities $8
 $



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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Amortized Cost Basis and Fair Value – Available-for-Sale Debt Securities (AFS)

Amortized Cost Basis Gross Unrealized Gains in AOCI Gross Unrealized (Losses) in AOCI Carrying Amount and Fair ValueAmortized Cost Basis Gross Unrealized Gains in AOCI Gross Unrealized (Losses) in AOCI Carrying Amount and Fair Value
As of March 31, 2018       
As of March 31, 2019       
U.S. Government & other government related$236
 $13
 $
 $249
$641
 $20
 $(2) $659
State or local housing agency17
 
 
 17
15
 
 
 15
FFELP ABS3,891
 239
 
 4,130
3,486
 183
 
 3,669
Residential MBS              
GSE6,944
 81
 (2) 7,023
9,922
 22
 (34) 9,910
Government guaranteed903
 18
 
 921
574
 12
 
 586
Private label39
 9
 
 48
32
 8
 
 40
Available-for-sale securities$12,030
 $360
 $(2) $12,388
Available-for-sale debt securities$14,670
 $245
 $(36) $14,879
              
As of December 31, 2017       
As of December 31, 2018       
U.S. Government & other government related$256
 $15
 $
 $271
$528
 $15
 $
 $543
State or local housing agency21
 
 
 21
17
 
 
 17
FFELP ABS3,987
 234
 (7) 4,214
3,578
 203
 
 3,781
Residential MBS      
      
GSE7,275
 132
 (1) 7,406
9,602
 20
 (48) 9,574
Government guaranteed971
 24
 
 995
645
 13
 
 658
Private label40
 10
 
 50
33
 8
 
 41
Available-for-sale securities$12,550

$415

$(8)
$12,957
Available-for-sale debt securities$14,403

$259

$(48)
$14,614


We had no sales of AFS securities for the periods presented.


1413

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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Amortized Cost Basis, Carrying Amount, and Fair Value - Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities (HTM)

Amortized Cost Basis Non-credit OTTI Recognized in AOCI (Loss) Carrying Amount Gross Unrecognized Holding Gains Gross Unrecognized Holding (Losses) Fair ValueAmortized Cost Basis Non-credit OTTI Recognized in AOCI (Loss) Carrying Amount Gross Unrecognized Holding Gains Gross Unrecognized Holding (Losses) Fair Value
As of March 31, 2018           
As of March 31, 2019           
U.S. Government & other government related$967
 $
 $967
 $16
 $(2) $981
$707
 $
 $707
 $11
 $
 $718
State or local housing agency8
 
 8
 
 
 8
6
 
 6
 
 
 6
Residential MBS                      
GSE1,453
 
 1,453
 46
 
 1,499
1,085
 
 1,085
 33
 
 1,118
Government guaranteed531
 
 531
 4
 
 535
314
 
 314
 2
 
 316
Private label625
 (136) 489
 279
 
 768
481
 (108) 373
 222
 
 595
Held-to-maturity securities$3,584
 $(136) $3,448
 $345
 $(2) $3,791
Held-to-maturity debt securities$2,593
 $(108) $2,485
 $268
 $
 $2,753
                      
As of December 31, 2017           
As of December 31, 2018           
U.S. Government & other government related$1,531
 $
 $1,531
 $29
 $(1) $1,559
$1,305
 $
 $1,305
 $18
 $(1) $1,322
State or local housing agency9
 
 9
 
 
 9
6
 
 6
 
 
 6
Residential MBS    
     
    
     
GSE1,513
 
 1,513
 62
 
 1,575
1,141
 
 1,141
 30
 
 1,171
Government guaranteed585
 
 585
 6
 
 591
369
 
 369
 2
 
 371
Private label662
 (143) 519
 285
 
 804
506
 (114) 392
 230
 
 622
Held-to-maturity securities$4,300

$(143)
$4,157

$382

$(1)
$4,538
Held-to-maturity debt securities$3,327

$(114)
$3,213

$280

$(1)
$3,492


We had no sales of HTM securities for the periods presented.



Contractual Maturity Terms

The maturity of our AFS and HTM investments is detailed in the following table.

 Available-for-Sale Held-to-Maturity Available-for-Sale Held-to-Maturity
As of March 31, 2018 Amortized Cost Basis Carrying Amount and Fair Value Carrying Amount Fair Value
As of March 31, 2019 Carrying Amount and Fair Value Carrying Amount Fair Value
Year of Maturity -              
Due in one year or less $22
 $22
 $140
 $139
 $
 $90
 $90
Due after one year through five years 2
 2
 157
 160
 3
 77
 78
Due after five years through ten years 54
 56
 123
 123
 241
 83
 84
Due after ten years 175
 186
 555
 567
 430
 463
 472
ABS and MBS without a single maturity date 11,777
 12,122
 2,473
 2,802
 14,205
 1,772
 2,029
Total securities $12,030
 $12,388
 $3,448
 $3,791
Total debt securities $14,879
 $2,485
 $2,753



14

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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Aging of Unrealized Temporary Losses

The following table presents unrealized temporary losses on our AFS and HTM portfolio for periods less than 12 months and for 12 months or more. We recognized no OTTI charges on these unrealized loss positions. Refer to the Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Analysis section below for further discussion. In the tables below, in cases where the gross unrealized losses for an investment category are less than $1 million, the losses are not reported.

 Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total
 Fair Value Gross Unrealized (Losses) Fair Value Gross Unrealized (Losses) Fair Value Gross Unrealized (Losses)
Available-for-sale debt securities           
As of March 31, 2019           
U.S. Government & other government related$27
 $
 $3
 $(2) $30
 $(2)
State or local housing agency
 
 3
 
 3
 
FFELP ABS563
 
 
 
 563
 
Residential MBS    
      
GSE5,562
 (34) 
 
 5,562
 (34)
Government guaranteed4
 
 
 
 4
 
Private label
 
 5
 
 5
 
Available-for-sale debt securities$6,156

$(34)
$11

$(2)
$6,167

$(36)
            
As of December 31, 2018           
U.S. Government & other government related$
 $
 $3
 $
 $3

$
State or local housing agency1
 
 3
 
 4


Residential MBS        


GSE5,573
 (46) 48
 (2) 5,621

(48)
Government guaranteed31
 
 
 
 31
 
Private label
 
 5
 
 5


Available-for-sale debt securities$5,605

$(46)
$59

$(2)
$5,664

$(48)
            
Held-to-maturity debt securities           
As of March 31, 2019           
U.S. Government & other government related$4
 $
 $15

$
 $19
 $
Residential MBS    
 
    
Government-guaranteed110
 
 61
 
 171
 
Private label
 
 567
 (108) 567
 (108)
Held-to-maturity debt securities$114

$

$643

$(108)
$757

$(108)
            
As of December 31, 2018           
U.S. Government & other government related$459
 $
 $23
 $(1) $482

$(1)
State or local housing agency
 
 2
 
 2


Residential MBS        




Government guaranteed170
 
 
 
 170
 
Private label
 
 592
 (114) 592

(114)
Held-to-maturity debt securities$629

$

$617

$(115)
$1,246

$(115)



15

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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Aging of Unrealized Temporary Losses

The following table presents unrealized temporary losses on our AFS and HTM portfolio for periods less than 12 months and for 12 months or more. We recognized no OTTI charges on these unrealized loss positions. Refer to the Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Analysis section below for further discussion. In the tables below, in cases where the gross unrealized losses for an investment category are less than $1 million, the losses are not reported.

 Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total
 Fair Value Gross Unrealized (Losses) Fair Value Gross Unrealized (Losses) Fair Value Gross Unrealized (Losses)
Available-for-Sale Securities           
As of March 31, 2018           
U.S. Government & other government related$3
 $
 $
 $
 $3
 $
State or local housing agency9
 
 
 
 9
 
FFELP ABS
 
 635
 
 635
 
Residential MBS    
      
GSE455
 
 753
 (2) 1,208
 (2)
Private label
 
 6
 
 6
 
Available-for-sale securities$467

$

$1,394

$(2)
$1,861

$(2)
As of December 31, 2017           
U.S. Government & other government related$3
 $
 $
 $
 $3

$
State or local housing agency4
 
 
 
 4


FFELP ABS
 
 644
 (7) 644

(7)
Residential MBS        


GSE51
 
 801
 (1) 852

(1)
Private label
 
 7
 
 7


Available-for-sale securities$58

$

$1,452

$(8)
$1,510

$(8)
            
Held-to-Maturity Securities           
As of March 31, 2018           
U.S. Government & other government related$74
 $
 $24

$(2) $98
 $(2)
State or local housing agency8
 
 
 
 8
 
Residential MBS    
 
    
GSE
 
 2
 
 2
 
Government-guaranteed135
 
 
 
 135
 
Private label
 
 734
 (136) 734
 (136)
Held-to-maturity securities$217

$

$760

$(138)
$977

$(138)
As of December 31, 2017           
U.S. Government & other government related$594
 $
 $24
 $(1) $618

$(1)
State or local housing agency2
 
 
 
 2


Residential MBS        




GSE
 
 2
 
 2


Private label
 
 769
 (143) 769

(143)
Held-to-maturity securities$596

$

$795

$(144)
$1,391

$(144)



16

Table of Contents
logoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Analysis

We recognized no OTTI charges on HTM or AFS debt securities for the periods presented. This is because we do not intend to sell these securities, wesecurities. We believe it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell them prior to recovering their amortized cost basis, and we expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis. For further detail on our accounting policy regarding OTTI please see Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the financial statements in our 2017 Form 10-K.

As of March 31, 2018, weWe had a base case short-term housing price forecast for all markets with projected changes ranging from -7.0%-6.0% to +12.0%+14.0% over the twelve month period beginning January 1, 2018.at the start of the quarter ending March 31, 2019. For the vast majority of markets, the short-term forecast has changes ranging from +1.0%+2.0% to +6.0%. 

The following table presents the changes in the cumulative amount of previously recorded OTTI credit losses on investment debt securities recognized into earnings for the reporting periods indicated.

  Three months ended March 31,
  2019 2018
Beginning Balance $442
 $477
Reductions:    
Increases in cash flows expected to be collected and recognized into interest income (7) (9)
Ending Balance $435
 $468
  Three months ended March 31,
  2018 2017
Beginning Balance $477
 $520
Reductions:    
Increases in cash flows expected to be collected and recognized into interest income (9) (12)
Ending Balance $468
 $508



Ongoing Litigation

On October 15, 2010, we instituted litigation relating to 64 private label MBS bonds we purchased. As of March 31, 2018, the remaining litigation covers three private label MBS bonds in the aggregate outstanding principal amount of $38 million.

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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 6 – Advances

We offer a wide range of fixed- and variable-rate advance products with different maturities, interest rates, payment characteristics and optionality.

The following table presents our advances by terms of contractual maturity.maturity and the related weighted average contractual interest rate.  For amortizing advances, contractual maturity is determined based on the advance’s amortization schedule. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because some borrowers have the right to call or prepay advances with or without penalties.

As of March 31, 2018 Amount   Weighted Average Contractual Interest Rate 
As of March 31, 2019 Amount   Weighted Average Contractual Interest Rate 
Due in one year or less $22,954
 1.74%  $19,127
 2.48% 
One to two years 2,435
 1.84%  3,112
 2.27% 
Two to three years 2,204
 2.01%  2,352
 2.56% 
Three to four years 1,898
 1.79%  4,233
 2.65% 
Four to five years 4,326
 2.08%  9,074
 2.65% 
More than five years 17,049
 1.83%
a 
 12,730
 2.53% 
Par value $50,866
 1.82%  $50,628
 2.52% 

a

The weighted average interest rate is relatively low when compared to other categories due to a majority of advances in this category consisting of variable rate advances which reset periodically at market prevailing interest rates.


We have no allowance for credit losses on our advances. See Note 8 - Allowance for Credit Losses to the financial statements for further information related to our credit risk on advances.

The following table reconciles the par value of our advances to the carrying amount on our statements of condition as of the dates indicated.

As of March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Par value $50,866
 $48,020
 $50,628
 $52,606
Fair value hedging adjustments (13) 69
 145
 30
Other adjustments (13) (4) 3
 (8)
Advances $50,840
 $48,085
 $50,776
 $52,628



The following advance borrowers exceeded 10% of our advances outstanding:

As of March 31, 2018 Par Value % of Total Outstanding
As of March 31, 2019 Par Value % of Total Outstanding
One Mortgage Partners Corp. $11,000
a 
21.6% $11,000
a 
21.7%
The Northern Trust Company 7,000
 13.8% 7,700
 15.2%
BMO Harris Bank, NA 5,975
 11.7%
a 
One Mortgage Partners Corp. is a subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase Bank NA.

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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 7 – MPF Loans Held in Portfolio


We acquire MPF Loans from PFIs to hold in our portfolio and historically purchased participations in pools of eligible mortgage loans from other FHLBs (MPF Banks). MPF Loans that are held in portfolio are fixed-rate conventional and Government Loans secured by one-to-four family residential properties with maturities ranging from 5 years to 30 years or participations in pools of similar eligible mortgage loans from other MPF Banks.

The following table presents information on MPF Loans held in portfolio by contractual maturity at the time of purchase.

As of March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Medium term (15 years or less) $290
 $285
 $348
 $334
Long term (greater than 15 years) 4,995
 4,835
 7,109
 6,662
Unpaid principal balance 5,285
 5,120
 7,457
 6,996
Net premiums, credit enhancement and deferred loan fees 57
 55
Fair value hedging adjustments 17
 20
Net premiums, credit enhancement, and/or deferred loan fees 114
 100
Fair value and economic hedging adjustments 8
 8
MPF Loans held in portfolio, before allowance for credit losses 5,359
 5,195
 7,579
 7,104
Allowance for credit losses on MPF Loans (2) (2) (1) (1)
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net $5,357
 $5,193
 $7,578
 $7,103
        
Conventional mortgage loans $4,321
 $4,133
 $6,537
 $6,062
Government Loans 964
 987
 920
 934
Unpaid principal balance $5,285
 $5,120
 $7,457
 $6,996


The above table excludes MPF Loans acquired under the MPF Xtra, MPF Direct, and MPF Government MBS products. See Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in our 20172018 Form 10-K for information related to the accounting treatment of these off balance sheet MPF Loan products.

See Note 8 - Allowance for Credit Losses to the financial statements for information related to our credit losses on MPF Loans held in portfolio.



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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 8 – Allowance for Credit Losses


See Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the financial statements in our 20172018 Form 10-K for further details regarding our allowance for credit losses methodology for each of the following portfolio segments discussed below.segments:

We have identified our portfolio segments as shown below:

Member credit products (advances, letters of credit and other extensions of credit to borrowers);
Conventional MPF Loans held in portfolio;
Government Loans held in portfolio; and
Federal Funds Sold and Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell.


Member Credit Products

We only have not recorded anyan allowance for credit losses for our member credit products portfolio segment based upon our credit analysis and the repayment history on member credit products. We had no member credit products that were past due, on nonaccrual status, involved in a troubled debt restructuring or otherwise considered impaired. We have not recorded a separate liability to reflect credit losses on our member credit products with off-balance sheet credit exposure.


Conventionalconventional MPF Loans Heldheld in Portfolio

portfolio as further discussed below. For further detail of our MPF Risk Sharing Structure see page F-16F-15 in our 20172018 Form 10-K. There has been no material activity in our allowance for credit losses since December 31, 2017.2018. The following table presents the recorded investment and the allowance for credit losses in conventional MPF Loans by impairment methodology.
As of March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Recorded investment -    
Conventional mortgage loans -    
Individually evaluated for impairment $47
 $49
 $31
 $33
Collectively evaluated for impairment 4,357
 4,167
 6,652
 6,155
Recorded investment $4,404
 $4,216
 $6,683
 $6,188
    
Allowance for credit losses -    
Collectively evaluated for impairment $2
 $2
Allowance for credit losses - Collectively evaluated for impairment
 $1
 $1



Government Loans Held in Portfolio

Servicers are responsible for absorbing any losses incurred on Government Loans held in portfolio that are not recovered from the government insurer or guarantor. We did not establish an allowance for credit losses on our Government Loans held in portfolio for the reporting periods presented based on our assessment that our servicers have the ability to absorb such losses. Further, Government Loans were not placed on nonaccrual status or disclosed as troubled debt restructurings for the same reason.


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logoa29.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Credit Quality Indicators - MPF Loans Held in Portfolio

The following table summarizes our recorded investment in MPF Loans by our key credit quality indicators, which include:

"Serious delinquency rate" consists of MPF Loans that are 90 days or more past due or in the process of foreclosure, as a percentage of the total recorded investment. MPF Loans that are both 90 days or more past due and in the process of foreclosure are only included once in our serious delinquency rate calculation.

"Past due 90 days or more still accruing interest" consists of MPF Loans that are either insured or guaranteed by the government or conventional mortgage loans that are well secured (by collateral that have a realizable value sufficient to discharge the debt or by the guarantee or insurance, such as primary mortgage insurance, of a financially responsible party) and in the process of collection.
Conventional MPF Loans are individually evaluated for impairment when they are adversely classified. There is no allowance for credit losses attributable to conventional MPF Loans that are individually evaluated for impairment, since the related allowance for credit losses has been charged off. We do not recognize interest income on impaired conventional MPF Loans.

 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017  March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
As of Conventional Government Total Conventional Government Total  Conventional Government Total Conventional Government Total
Past due 30-59 days $78
 $47
 $125
 $74
 $48
 $122
  $70
 $38
 $108
 $59
 $42
 $101
Past due 60-89 days 20
 15
 35
 21
 16
 37
  17
 12
 29
 17
 14
 31
Past due 90 days or more 46
 21
 67
 48
 21
 69
  30
 17
 47
 31
 19
 50
Past due 144
 83
 227
 143

85
 228
  117
 67
 184
 107

75
 182
Current 4,260
 900
 5,160
 4,073
 921
 4,994
  6,566
 872
 7,438
 6,081
 879
 6,960
Recorded investment $4,404
 $983
 $5,387
 $4,216

$1,006
 $5,222
  $6,683
 $939
 $7,622
 $6,188

$954
 $7,142
In process of foreclosure $19
 $7
 $26
 $21
 $7
 $28
  $11
 $5
 $16
 $13
 $6
 $19
Serious delinquency rate 1.06% 2.08% 1.25% 1.16% 2.11% 1.34%  0.46% 1.85% 0.63% 0.51% 1.95% 0.70%
Past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest $8
 $20
 $28
 $8
 $21
 $29
  $5
 $17
 $22
 $5
 $19
 $24
Impaired loans without an allowance for credit losses and on nonaccrual status 47
 
 47
 49
 
 49
  31
   31
 33
   33
Unpaid principal balance of impaired loans without an allowance for credit losses 50
 
 50
 53
 
 53
  33
   33
 36
   36



Term Federal Funds Sold and Term Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell

We only held overnight Federal Funds sold and Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell as of March 31, 2018, and December 31, 2017. We did not have any longer term Federal Funds sold and Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell arrangements. We did not establish an allowance for credit losses for our overnight Federal Funds sold since all Federal Funds sold were repaid according to their contractual terms. We also did not establish an allowance for credit losses for overnight securities purchased under agreements to resell since all payments due under the contractual terms have been received and we hold sufficient underlying collateral.

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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 9 – Derivatives and Hedging Activities

Refer to Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in our 20172018 Form 10-K for our accounting policies for derivatives.

We transact most of our derivatives with large banks and major broker-dealers. Some of these banks and broker-dealers or their affiliates buy, sell, and distribute consolidated obligations. We are not a derivatives dealer and do not trade derivatives for speculative purposes. We enter into derivative transactions through either of the following:

A bilateral agreement with an individual counterparty for over-the-counter derivative transactions.

Clearinghouses classified as Derivatives Clearing Organizations (DCOs) through Futures Commission Merchants (FCMs), which are clearing members of the DCOs, for cleared derivative transactions.

Managing Interest Rate Risk

We use fair value hedges to offset changes in the fair value orof a benchmark interest rate, (e.g.for example the London Interbank Offering Rate (LIBOR), LIBOR) related to (1) a recognized asset or liability or (2) an unrecognized firm commitment. We useOur hedge strategy for cash flow hedges is to offset an exposurehedge the total proceeds received from rolling forecasted zero-coupon discount note issuances attributable to variabilitychanges in expected future cash flows associated with an existing recognized assetthe benchmark interest rate or liability or a forecasted transaction.LIBOR by entering into interest rate swaps to mitigate such risk. We use economic hedges in cases where hedge accounting treatment is not permitted or achievable; for example, hedges of portfolio interest rate risk or financial instruments carried at fair value under the fair value option.

Managing Credit Risk on Derivative Agreements

Over-the-counter (bilateral) Derivative Transactions: We are subject to credit risk due to the risk of nonperformance by counterparties to our derivative agreements. For bilateral derivative agreements, the degree of counterparty risk depends on the extent to which master netting arrangements, collateral requirements and other credit enhancements are included in such contracts to mitigate the risk. We manage counterparty credit risk through credit analysis, collateral requirements and adherence to the requirements set forth in our policies and FHFA regulations. We require collateral agreements on all over-the-counter derivatives. Additionally, collateral related to over-the-counter derivatives with member institutions includes collateral assigned to us, as evidenced by a written security agreement, and which may be held by the member institution for our benefit. Based on credit analyses and collateral requirements, we do not anticipate any credit losses on our over-the-counter derivative agreements. See Note 16 - Fair Value in our 20172018 Form 10-K for discussion regarding our fair value methodology for over-the-counter derivative assets and liabilities, including an evaluation of the potential for the fair value of these instruments to be affected by counterparty credit risk.

For nearly all of our bilateral derivative transactions executed prior to March 1, 2017, and for all transactions entered into after March 1, 2017, our bilateral derivative agreements are fully collateralized with a zero unsecured threshold in accordance with variation margin requirements issued by the U.S. federal bank regulatory agencies and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). For certain transactions executed prior to March 1, 2017, we may be required to post net additional collateral with our counterparties if there is deterioration in our credit rating.  If our credit rating had been lowered from its current rating to the next lower rating by a major credit rating agency, such as Standard and Poor's or Moody’s, the amount of collateral we would have been required to deliver would not have been material at March 31, 2018.2019.

Cleared Derivative Transactions: Cleared derivative transactions are subject to variation and initial margin requirements established by the DCO and its clearing members. As a result of rule changes adopted by our DCOs, variation margin payments are characterized as settlement of a derivative’s mark-to-market exposure and not as collateral against the derivative’s mark-to-market exposure. See Note 1 - Background and Basis of Presentation and Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the financial statements our 2018 Form 10-K for further discussion. We post our initial margin collateral payments and make variation margin settlement payments through our FCMs, on behalf of the DCO, which could expose us to institutional credit risk in the event that the FCMs or the DCO fail to meet their obligations. Clearing derivatives through a DCO mitigates counterparty credit risk exposure because the DCO is substituted for individual counterparties and variation margin settlement payments are made daily through the FCMs for changes in the value of cleared derivatives. The DCO determines initial margin requirements for cleared derivatives. In this regard, we pledged $64$339 million of investment securities that can be sold or repledged, as part of our initial margin related to cleared derivative transactions at March 31, 2018.2019. Additionally, an FCM may require additional initial margin to be posted based on credit considerations, including but not limited to, if our credit rating downgrades.  We had no requirement to post additional initial margin by our FCMs at March 31, 2018.2019.


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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

The following table presents details on the notional amounts, and cleared and bilateral derivative assets and liabilities on our statements of condition. To conform withThe netting adjustment amount includes cash collateral (either received or paid by us) and related accrued interest in cases where we have a legal right, by contract (e.g., master netting agreement) or otherwise, to offset cash flow obligations between us and our current presentation method, we reclassified variation margin for cleared derivatives as of December 31, 2017, in the amounts of $16 million on our derivative assets and $168 million on our derivative liabilities, to the appropriate interest rate contracts line items.counterparty into a single net payable or receivable.

 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017  March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
As of Notional Amount Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities Notional Amount Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities  Notional Amount Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities Notional Amount Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities
Derivatives in hedge accounting relationships-                         
Interest rate contracts $28,258
 $37
 $397
 $26,655
 $25
 $367
  $35,781
 $53
 $224
 $35,549
 $39
 $261
Derivatives not in hedge accounting relationships-                         
Interest rate contracts 24,829

155

84
 20,506
 199
 122
  23,496

152

77
 19,803
 100
 59
Other 888

1

1
 810
 1
 1
  601

2

1
 619
 1
 1
Derivatives not in hedge accounting relationships 25,717
 156
 85
 21,316

200

123
  24,097
 154
 78
 20,422

101

60
Gross derivative amount before netting adjustments and cash collateral $53,975
 193
 482
 $47,971

225

490
  $59,878
 207
 302
 $55,971

140

321
Netting adjustments and cash collateral   (191) (463)   (222) (470)    (188) (286)   (134) (305)
Derivatives on statements of condition   $2
 $19
   $3
 $20
    $19
 $16
   $6
 $16
Cash collateral received on derivative assets   $39
     $35
   
Cash collateral posted on derivative liabilities     $310
     $284
 
 Cash Collateral     Cash Collateral    
Cash collateral posted and related accrued interest $148
     $203
    
Cash collateral received and related accrued interest 50
     32
    



The following table presents the noninterestNoninterest income on derivatives- Derivatives and hedging activities as presented in the statementsStatements of income. The amounts attributable toIncome. For fair value and cash flow hedges representhedging relationships, the portion of net gains (losses) representing hedge ineffectiveness.ineffectiveness are recorded in Noninterest income for periods prior to January 1, 2019.

 Three months ended March 31, Three months ended March 31,
For the periods ending 2018 2017 2019 2018
Fair value hedges - interest rate contracts $2
 $2
   $2
Cash flow hedges - interest rate contracts 1
 1
   1
Economic hedges -        
Interest rate contracts (7) 
 $(5) (7)
Other 1
 
 2
 1
Economic hedges (6) 
 (3) (6)
Noninterest income on derivatives and hedging activities $(3) $3
Variation margin on daily settled cleared derivatives 1
 
Noninterest income - Derivatives and hedging activities $(2) $(3)


2321

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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

The following table presents details regarding the offsetting of our derivative assets and liabilities on our statements of condition. The netting adjustment amount includes cash collateral (either received or paid by us) and related accrued interest in cases where we have a legal right, by contract (e.g., master netting agreement) or otherwise, to offset cash flow obligations between us and our counterparty into a single net payable or receivable.
 Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities  Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities
 Bilateral Cleared Total Bilateral Cleared Total  Bilateral Cleared Total Bilateral Cleared Total
As of March 31, 2018             
As of March 31, 2019            
Derivatives with legal right of offset -                         
Gross recognized amount $183
 $9
 $192
 $461
 $20
 $481
  $135
 $70
 $205
 $236
 $65
 $301
Netting adjustments and cash collateral (182) (9) (191) (453) (10) (463)  (130) (58) (188) (228) (58) (286)
Derivatives with legal right of offset - net 1
 
 1
 8
 10
 18
  5
 12
 17
 8
 7
 15
Derivatives without legal right of offset 1
 
 1
 1
 
 1
  2
 
 2
 1
 
 1
Derivatives on statements of condition 2
 
 2
 9
 10
 19
  7
 12
 19
 9
 7
 16
Less:                         
Noncash collateral received or pledged and cannot be sold or repledged 
 
 
 
 10
 10
  
 
 
 
 7
 7
Net amount $2
 $
 $2
 $9
 $
 $9
  $7
 $12
 $19
 $9
 $
 $9
                         
As of December 31, 2017             
As of December 31, 2018            
Derivatives with legal right of offset -                         
Gross recognized amount $216
 $8
 $224
 $476
 $13
 $489
  $107
 $32
 $139
 $279
 $41
 $320
Netting adjustments and cash collateral (214) (8) (222) (463) (7) (470)  (102) (32) (134) (273) (32) (305)
Derivatives with legal right of offset - net 2



2

13

6

19
  5



5

6

9

15
Derivatives without legal right of offset 1
 
 1
 1
 
 1
  1
 
 1
 1
 
 1
Derivatives on statements of condition 3



3

14

6

20
  6



6

7

9

16
Less:                  

      
Noncash collateral received or pledged and cannot be sold or repledged 
 (1) (1) 
 6
 6
  
 
 
 
 9
 9
Net amount $3
 $1
 $4
 $14
 $
 $14
  $6
 $
 $6
 $7
 $
 $7



At March 31, 2018,2019, we had $55$332 million of additional credit exposure on cleared derivatives due to pledging of noncash collateral to our DCOs for initial margin, which exceeded our derivative liability position. We had $60$260 million of comparable exposure at December 31, 2017.2018.






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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Fair Value Hedges

The following table presents our fair value hedging results by the type of hedged item. We had no gain (loss) for hedges that no longer qualified as a fair value hedge. Additionally, the table indicates where fair value hedging results are classified in our statements of income. In this regard, the Amount Recorded in Net Interest Income column includes the following:

The amortization of closed fair value hedging adjustments, which are included in the interest income/expense line item of the respective hedged item type.

The effect of net interest settlements attributable to open derivative hedging instruments, which are recorded directly to the interest income/expense line item of the respective hedged item type.

Beginning January 1, 2019, on a prospective basis, hedge ineffectiveness, which represents the difference between changes in fair value of the derivative hedging instrument and the related change in fair value of the hedged item are recognized into net interest income in the same line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. Prior to January 1, 2019, hedge ineffectiveness was classified in noninterest income on derivatives and hedging activities.
  Gain (Loss) on Hedging Instrument Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item Total Ineffectiveness Recognized in Derivatives and Hedging Activities Amount Recorded in Net Interest Income
Three months ended March 31, 2018       
Available-for-sale securities $37
 $(37) $
 $(18)
Advances 84
 (82) 2
 (2)
MPF Loans held for portfolio 
 
 
 (1)
Consolidated obligation bonds (124) 124
 
 (2)
Total $(3) $5
 $2
 $(23)
Three months ended March 31, 2017       
Available-for-sale securities $25
 $(26) $(1) $(24)
Advances 12
 (10) 2
 (11)
MPF Loans held for portfolio 
 
 
 (2)
Consolidated obligation bonds 9
 (8) 1
 13
Total $46
 $(44) $2
 $(24)

  Gain (Loss) on Derivative Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item Amount Recorded in Derivatives and Hedging Activities Amount Recorded in Net Interest Income
Three months ended March 31, 2019       
Available-for-sale debt securities $(204) $193
   $(11)
Advances (94) 106
   12
Consolidated obligation bonds 104
 (128)   (24)
Total $(194) $171
   $(23)
Three months ended March 31, 2018       
Available-for-sale debt securities $37
 $(37) $
 $(18)
Advances 84
 (82) 2
 (2)
MPF Loans held for portfolio 
 
 
 (1)
Consolidated obligation bonds (124) 124
 
 (2)
Total $(3) $5
 $2
 $(23)



25The following table presents the cumulative basis adjustments on hedged items designated as fair value hedges and the related amortized cost basis of the hedged items.

As of March 31, 2019 Amortized cost of hedged asset/(liability) Basis adjustments for active hedging relationships included in amortized cost Basis adjustments for discontinued hedging relationships included in amortized cost Cumulative amount of fair value hedging basis adjustments
Advances $9,109
 $146
 $
 $146
Available-for-sale securities 8,442
 341
 1
 342
Consolidated obligation bonds (18,113) 62
 36
 98
MPF Loans held for portfolio 744
 
 14
 14





23

Table of Contents
logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Cash Flow Hedges

Beginning January 1, 2019 on a prospective basis, hedge ineffectiveness, which represents the difference between changes in fair value of the derivative hedging instrument and the related change in fair value of the hedged item, are recognized into net interest income in the same line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. For cash flow hedges, recognition occurs only when amounts are reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income. Such recognition occurs when earnings are affected by the hedged item. Prior to January 1, 2019, hedge ineffectiveness was classified in noninterest income on derivatives and hedging activities.

We are exposed to the variability in the total net proceeds received from forecasted zero-coupon discount note issuances, which is attributable to changes in the benchmark interest rate, London Interbank Offering Rate ("LIBOR").LIBOR. As a result, we enter into cash flow hedge relationships utilizing derivative agreements to hedge the total net proceeds received from our "rolling" forecasted zero-coupon discount note issuances attributable to changes in LIBOR. The maximum length of time over which we are hedging this exposure is 310 years. We reclassify amounts in AOCI into our statements of income in the same periods during which the hedged forecasted transaction affects our earnings. We had no discontinued hedges for the periods presented. The deferred net gains (losses) on derivative instruments in AOCI that are expected to be reclassified to earnings during the next twelve months were not material$5 million as of March 31, 2018.2019.

The following table presents our cash flow hedging results by type of hedged item. Additionally, the table indicates where cash flow hedging results are classified in our statements of income. In this regard, the Amount Recorded inReclassified from AOCI into Net Interest Income column includes the following:

The amortization of closed cash flow hedging adjustments, which are reclassified from AOCI into the interest income/expense line item of the respective hedged item type.

The effect of net interest settlements attributable to open derivative hedging instruments, which are initially recorded directlyin AOCI and are reclassified to the interest income/expense line item of the respective hedged item type.
 
  Ineffectiveness Recorded in Derivatives and Hedging Activities Effective Portion Recorded in AOCI Amount Recorded in Net Interest Income
Three months ended March 31, 2018     
Discount notes $1
 $59
 $(35)
       
Three months ended March 31, 2017     
Advances $
 $
 $2
Discount notes 1
 46
 (45)
Bonds 
 
 (1)
Total $1
 $46
 $(44)
  Amount Recorded in Derivatives and Hedging Activities Gross Amount Initially Recognized in AOCI Amount Reclassified from AOCI into Net Interest Income
Three months ended March 31, 2019     
Discount notes   $(13)
$(11)
       
  Ineffectiveness Recorded in Derivatives and Hedging Activities Effective Portion Recorded in AOCI Amount Recorded in Net Interest Income
Three months ended March 31, 2018     
Discount notes $1
 $59
 $(35)


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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 10 – Consolidated Obligations

The FHLBs issue consolidated obligations through the Office of Finance as their agent. Consolidated obligations consist of discount notes and consolidated obligation bonds. Consolidated discount notes are issued to raise short-term funds, are issued at less than their face amount and redeemed at par value when they mature. The maturity of consolidated obligation bonds may range from less than one year to over 20 years, but they are not subject to any statutory or regulatory limits on maturity.

The following table presents our consolidated obligation discount notes for which we are the primary obligor. All are due in one year or less.
As of March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Carrying Amount $41,483
 $41,191
 $39,639
 $43,166
Weighted Average Interest Rate 1.50% 1.23% 2.39% 2.28%


The following table presents maturities and contractual interest rates on our consolidated obligation bonds, for which we are the primary obligor, including callable bonds that are redeemable in whole, or in part, at our discretion on predetermined call dates.
As of March 31, 2018 Contractual Maturity Weighted Average Interest Rate By Maturity or Next Call Date
As of March 31, 2019 Contractual Maturity Weighted Average Interest Rate By Maturity or Next Call Date
Due in one year or less $21,458
 1.47% $32,707
 $22,304
 2.21% $35,880
One to two years 8,539
 1.57% 7,697
 6,128
 2.08% 5,075
Two to three years 3,168
 1.57% 1,788
 6,955
 2.39% 2,925
Three to four years 3,954
 2.03% 570
 4,392
 2.67% 1,903
Four to five years 3,064
 2.55% 678
 2,400
 2.89% 820
Thereafter 3,690
 2.72% 433
 4,964
 3.23% 540
Total par value $43,873
 1.73% $43,873
 $47,143
 2.41% $47,143



The following table presents consolidated obligation bonds outstanding by call feature:
As of March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Noncallable $30,042
 $23,644
 $30,154
 $27,999
Callable 13,831
 13,703
 16,989
 14,487
Par value 43,873
 37,347
 47,143
 42,486
Fair value hedging adjustments (335) (214) (99) (227)
Other adjustments (22) (12) 3
 (9)
Consolidated obligation bonds $43,516
 $37,121
 $47,047
 $42,250


The following table summarizes the consolidated obligations of the FHLBs and those for which we are the primary obligor. We did not accrue a liability for our joint and several liability related to the other FHLBs’ share of the consolidated obligations as of March 31, 2018,2019, and December 31, 2017.2018. See Note 17 - Commitments and Contingencies in our 20172018 Form 10-K for further details.
 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Par values as of Bonds 
Discount
Notes
 Total Bonds 
Discount
Notes
 Total Bonds 
Discount
Notes
 Total Bonds 
Discount
Notes
 Total
FHLB System total consolidated obligations $629,431
 $389,799
 $1,019,230
 $642,211
 $392,049
 $1,034,260
 $602,523
 $408,372
 $1,010,895
 $604,250
 $427,367
 $1,031,617
FHLB Chicago as primary obligor 43,873
 41,530
 85,403
 37,347
 41,235
 78,582
 47,143
 39,774
 86,917
 42,486
 43,280
 85,766
As a percent of the FHLB System 7% 11% 8% 6% 11% 8% 8% 10% 9% 7% 10% 8%

 

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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 11 – Capital and Mandatorily Redeemable Capital Stock (MRCS)

Under our Capital Plan our stock consists of two sub-classes of stock, Class B1 activity stock and Class B2 membership stock (together, Class B stock), both with a par value of $100 and redeemable on five years' written notice, subject to certain conditions. Under the Capital Plan, each member is required to own capital stock in an amount equal to the greater of a membership stock requirement or an activity stock requirement. Class B1 activity stock is available to support a member's activity stock requirement. Class B2 membership stock is available to support a member's membership stock requirement and any activity stock requirement. See Note 13 – Capital and Mandatorily Redeemable Capital Stock (MRCS) to the financial statements in our 2018 Form 10-K for further information on our capital stock and MRCS.

Minimum Capital Requirements

For details on our minimum capital requirements, including how the ratios below were calculated, see Minimum Capital Requirements on page F-44F-42 of our 20172018 Form 10-K. We complied with our minimum regulatory capital requirements as shown below.
 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
 Requirement Actual Requirement Actual Requirement Actual Requirement Actual
Risk-based capital $1,131
 $5,248
 $1,075
 $5,051
Total regulatory capital $3,656
 $5,248
 $3,374
 $5,051
 $3,765
 $5,583
 $3,714
 $5,547
Total regulatory capital ratio 4.00% 5.74% 4.00% 5.99% 4.00% 5.93% 4.00% 5.97%
Leverage capital $4,570
 $7,873
 $4,218
 $7,577
 $4,706
 $8,375
 $4,643
 $8,321
Leverage capital ratio 5.00% 8.61% 5.00% 8.98% 5.00% 8.90% 5.00% 8.96%
Risk-based capital $1,084
 $5,583
 $1,111
 $5,547

Total regulatory capital and leverage capital includes mandatorily redeemable capital stock (MRCS) but does not include AOCI. Under the FHFA regulation on capital classifications and critical capital levels for the FHLBs, we are adequately capitalized.

The following members had regulatory capital stock exceeding 10% of our total regulatory capital stock outstanding (which includes MRCS):
As of March 31, 2018 Regulatory Capital Stock Outstanding % of Total Outstanding Amount of Which is Classified as a Liability (MRCS)
BMO Harris Bank, NA $269
 14.2% $
As of March 31, 2019 Regulatory Capital Stock Outstanding % of Total Outstanding Amount of Which is Classified as a Liability (MRCS)
The Northern Trust Company $247
 12.5% $
One Mortgage Partners Corp. 245
a 
13.0% 245
 245
a 
12.4% 245
The Northern Trust Company 215
 11.4% 
BMO Harris Bank, National Association 224
 11.3% 
a 
One Mortgage Partners Corp. is a subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase Bank NA.

Repurchase of Excess Capital StockDividends

Beginning in 2017, we began repurchasing all excessOur ability to pay dividends is subject to the FHLB Act and FHFA regulations. On April 23, 2019, our Board of Directors declared a 5.00% dividend (annualized) for Class B1 activity stock and a 2.25% dividend (annualized) for Class B2 membership stock based on a weekly basisour preliminary financial results for the first quarter of 2019. This dividend, including dividends on mandatorily redeemable capital stock, totaled $24 million and is scheduled for payment on May 15, 2019. Any future dividend determination by our Board will be at par value, i.e., at $100 per share. Members may continueour Board's sole discretion and will depend on future operating results, our Retained Earnings and Dividend Policy and any other factors the Board determines to request repurchase of excess stock on any business day in addition to the weekly repurchase. All repurchases of excess stock, including automatic weekly repurchases, will continue until otherwise announced, but remain subject to our regulatory requirements, certain financial and capital thresholds, and prudent business practices.


be relevant.


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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 12 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table summarizes the gains (losses) in AOCI for the reporting periods indicated.
 Net Unrealized - Non-credit OTTI - Net Unrealized - Cash Flow Hedges     Net Unrealized - Non-credit OTTI - Net Unrealized - Cash Flow Hedges    
 Available-for-sale Securities Held-to-maturity Securities Post-Retirement Plans AOCI Available-for-sale Securities Held-to-maturity Securities Post-Retirement Plans AOCI
Three months ended March 31, 2019          
Beginning balance $211
 $(114) $(31) $(11) $55
Change in the period recorded to the statements of condition, before reclassifications to statements of income (2) 6
 (13) 4
 (5)
Amounts reclassified in period to statements of income:         

Net interest income 
 
 11
 
 11
Ending balance $209
 $(108) $(33) $(7) $61
Three months ended March 31, 2018                    
Beginning balance $407
 $(143) $(147) $(5) $112
 $407
 $(143) $(147) $(5) $112
Change in the period recorded to the statements of condition, before reclassifications to statements of income (49) 7
 59
 (2) 15
 (49) 7
 59
 (2) 15
Amounts reclassified in period to statements of income:         

          
Non-interest gain (loss) 
 
 (1)   (1)
Noninterest income on derivatives and hedging activities 
 
 (1) 
 (1)
Ending balance $358
 $(136) $(89) $(7) $126
 $358
 $(136) $(89) $(7) $126
          
Three months ended March 31, 2017          
Beginning balance $459
 $(177) $(312) $(6) $(36)
Change in the period recorded to the statements of condition, before reclassifications to statements of income 38
 9
 46
 (2) 91
Amounts reclassified in period to statements of income:          
Net interest income 
 
 (1)   (1)
Non-interest gain (loss) 
 
 (1)   (1)
Ending balance $497
 $(168) $(268) $(8) $53



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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 13 - Fair Value

The following table is a summary of the fair value estimates and related levels in the hierarchy. The carrying amounts are per the statements of condition. Fair value estimates represent the exit prices that we would receive to sell assets or pay to transfer liabilities in an orderly transaction with market participants at the measurement date. They do not represent an estimate of our overall market value as a going concern, as they do not take into account future business opportunities or profitability of assets and liabilities. We had no transfers between levels formeasure instrument-specific credit risk attributable to our consolidated obligations based on our nonperformance risk, which includes the periods shown.credit risk associated with the joint and several liability of other FHLBs. As a result, we did not recognize any instrument-specific credit risk attributable to our consolidated obligations that are carried at fair value. See Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in our 20172018 Form 10-K for our fair value policies and Note 16 - Fair Value in our 20172018 Form 10-K for our valuation techniques and significant inputs. See Note 9 - Derivatives and Hedging Activities for more information on the Netting and Cash Collateral amounts.
 Carrying Amount Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Netting & Cash Collateral  Carrying Amount Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Netting & Cash Collateral 
March 31, 2018             
March 31, 2019             
Carried at amortized cost                          
Cash and due from banks $40
 $40
 $40
 $
 $
    $25
 $25
 $25
 $
 $
   
Interest bearing deposits 775
 775
 775
 
 
    425
 425
 425
 
 
   
Federal Funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell 15,611

15,611



15,611


    13,620

13,620



13,620


   
Held-to-maturity securities 3,448
 3,791
 
 3,023
 768
   
Held-to-maturity debt securities 2,485
 2,753
 
 2,158
 595
   
Advances 49,923
 49,961
 
 49,961
 
    49,145
 49,200
 
 49,200
 
   
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net 5,354
 5,405
 
 5,391
 14
    7,576
 7,678
 
 7,669
 9
   
Other assets 138
 138
 
 138
 
    174
 174
 
 174
 
   
Carried at fair value on a recurring basis                          
Trading securities 2,596
 2,596
 
 2,596
 
   
Trading debt securities 3,985
 3,985
 
 3,985
 
   
Government related non-MBS, ABS, and MBS 12,340

12,340



12,340


    14,839

14,839



14,839


   
Private label residential MBS 48
 48
 
 
 48
    40
 40
 
 
 40
   
Available-for-sale securities 12,388
 12,388
 
 12,340
 48
   
Available-for-sale debt securities 14,879
 14,879
 
 14,839
 40
   
Advances - fair value option election 917
 917
 
 917
 
    1,631
 1,631
 
 1,631
 
   
Derivative assets 2
 2
 
 193
 
 $(191)
a 
 19
 19
 
 207
 
 $(188) 
Other assets - fair value option election 76
 76
 
 76
 
    36
 36
 
 36
 
   
Carried at fair value on a nonrecurring basis                          
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net 3
 3
 
 
 3
    2
 2
 
 
 2
   
Other assets 1
 1
 
 
 1
   
Total financial assets 91,272
 $91,704
 $815
 $90,246
 $834
 $(191) 
Financial assets 94,002
 $94,427
 $450
 $93,519
 $646
 $(188) 
Other non financial assets 119
            120
           
Total assets $91,391
           
Assets $94,122
           
Carried at amortized cost                          
Deposits $(685) $(685) $
 $(685) $
    $(561) $(561) $
 $(561) $
   
Consolidated obligation discount notes (41,483) (41,479) 
 (41,479) 
    (38,641) (38,635) 
 (38,635) 
   
Consolidated obligation bonds (38,531) (38,605) 
 (38,605) 
    (43,700) (43,843) 
 (43,843) 
   
Mandatorily redeemable capital stock (311) (311) (311) 
 
    (315) (315) (315) 
 
   
Other liabilities (106) (106) 
 (106) 
    (190) (190) 
 (190) 
   
Carried at fair value on a recurring basis                          
Consolidated obligation discount notes - fair value option (998) (998) 
 (998) 
   
Consolidated obligation bonds - fair value option (4,985) (4,985) 
 (4,985) 
    (3,347) (3,347) 
 (3,347) 
   
Derivative liabilities (19) (19) 
 (482) 
 $463
a 
 (16) (16) 
 (302) 
 $286
 
Total financial liabilities (86,120) $(86,190) $(311) $(86,342) $
 $463
 
Financial liabilities (87,768) $(87,905) $(315) $(87,876) $
 $286
 
Other non financial liabilities (208)            (1,025)           
Total liabilities $(86,328)           
Liabilities $(88,793)           
                          


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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

 Carrying Amount Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Netting  Carrying Amount Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Netting 
December 31, 2017   
December 31, 2018   
Carried at amortized cost 

 

 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

   
Cash and due from banks $42
 $42
 $42
 $
 $
    $28
 $28
 $28
 $
 $
   
Interest bearing deposits 775
 775
 775
 
 
    775
 775
 775
 
 
   
Federal Funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell 12,561
 12,561
 
 12,561
 
    10,604
 10,604
 
 10,604
 
   
Held-to-maturity securities 4,157
��4,538
 
 3,734
 804
   
Held-to-maturity debt securities 3,213
 3,492
 
 2,870
 622
   
Advances 47,309
 47,336
 
 47,336
 
    51,603
 51,615
 
 51,615
 
   
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net 5,186
 5,306
 
 5,295
 11
    7,096
 7,091
 
 7,085
 6
   
Other assets 119
 119
 
 119
 
    190
 190
 
 190
 
   
Carried at fair value on a recurring basis 

     

      

 

   

     
Trading securities 233
 233
 
 233
 
   
Trading debt securities 3,478
 3,478
 
 3,478
 
   
Government related non-MBS, ABS, and MBS 12,907

12,907



12,907


    14,573

14,573



14,573


   
Private label residential MBS 50
 50
 
 
 50
    41
 41
 
 
 41
   
Available-for-sale securities 12,957
 12,957
 
 12,907
 50
 

 
Available-for-sale debt securities 14,614
 14,614
 
 14,573
 41
 

 
Advances - fair value option election 776
 776
 
 776
 
    1,025
 1,025
 
 1,025
 
   
Derivative assets 3
 3
 
 225
 
 $(222)
a 
 6
 6
 
 140
 
 $(134) 
Other assets - fair value option election 118
 118
 
 118
 
    108
 108
 
 108
 
   
Carried at fair value on a nonrecurring basis                

         
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net 7
 7
 
 
 7
    7
 7
 
 
 7
   
Other assets 3
 3
 
 
 3
    1
 1
 
 
 1
   
Total financial assets 84,246

$84,774

$817

$83,304

$875

$(222) 
Financial assets 92,748

$93,034

$803

$91,688

$677

$(134) 
Other non financial assets 109
            109
 

         
Total assets $84,355
           
Assets $92,857
 

         
Carried at amortized cost                

         
Deposits (524) (524) 
 (524) 
    (551) (551) 
 (551) 
   
Consolidated obligation discount notes (40,442) (40,437) 
 (40,437) 
    (42,174) (42,170) 
 (42,170) 
   
Consolidated obligation bonds (31,861) (32,011) 
 (32,011) 
    (39,898) (39,895) 
 (39,895) 
   
Mandatorily redeemable capital stock (311) (311) (311) 
 
    (313) (313) (313) 
 
   
Other liabilities (94) (94) 
 (94) 
    (153) (153) 
 (153) 
   
Carried at fair value on a recurring basis                

         
Consolidated obligation discount notes - fair value option (749) (749) 
 (749) 
    (992) (992) 
 (992) 
   
Consolidated obligation bonds - fair value option (5,260) (5,260) 
 (5,260) 
    (2,352) (2,352) 
 (2,352) 
   
Derivative liabilities (20) (20) 
 (490) 
 470
a 
 (16) (16) 
 (321) 
 305
 
Total financial liabilities (79,261) $(79,406) $(311) $(79,565) $
 $470
 
Financial liabilities (86,449) $(86,442) $(313) $(86,434) $
 $305
 
Other non financial liabilities (242)            (1,119)           
Total liabilities $(79,503)           
Liabilities $(87,568)           

a
The netting adjustment amount includes cash collateral (either received or paid by us) and related accrued interest in cases where we have a legal right, by contract (e.g., master netting agreement) or otherwise, to offset cash flow obligations between us and our counterparty into a single net payable or receivable. See Note 9 - Derivatives and Hedging Activities.



We had no transfers between levels for the periods shown.
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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Fair Value Option

We may elect the fair value option for financial instruments, such as advances, MPF Loans held for sale, and consolidated obligation discount notes and bonds, in cases where hedge accounting treatment may not be achieved due to the inability to meet the hedge effectiveness testing criterion.criteria. Financial instruments for which we elected the fair value option along with their related fair value are shown on our Statements of Condition. Refer to our Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the financial statements in our 20172018 Form 10-K for further details.

The following table presents the changes in fair values of financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value under the fair value option. These changes were recognized in noninterest income - instruments held under the fair value option in our statements of income.

 Three months ended March 31, Three months ended March 31,
 2018 2017 2019 2018
Advances $(9) $
 $10
 $(9)
Other assets 
 (3)
Consolidated obligation bonds 5
 (1) (8) 5
Other assets (3) (1)
Noninterest income - Instruments held under fair value option $(7) $(2) $2
 $(7)


The following table reflects the difference between the aggregate unpaid principal balance (UPB) outstanding and the aggregate fair value for our long term financial instruments for which the fair value option has been elected. None of the advances were 90 days or more past due and none were on nonaccrual status.

 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
As of Advances Consolidated Obligation Bonds Advances Consolidated Obligation Bonds Advances Consolidated Obligation Bonds Advances Consolidated Obligation Bonds
Unpaid principal balance $935
 $5,003

$786
 $5,270
 $1,631
 $3,340

$1,037
 $2,358
Fair value over (under) UPB (18) (18) (10) (10) 
 7
 (12) (6)
Fair value  $917
 $4,985
 $776
 $5,260
 $1,631
 $3,347
 $1,025
 $2,352

  


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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 14 – Commitments and Contingencies

The following table shows our commitments outstanding, which represent off-balance sheet obligations.

 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
As of Expire within one year Expire after one year Total Expire within one year Expire after one year Total Expire within one year Expire after one year Total Expire within one year Expire after one year Total
Unsettled consolidated obligation bonds $72
 $
 $72
 $
 $
 $
 $325
 $
 $325
 $114
 $
 $114
Unsettled consolidated obligation discount notes 1,000
 
 1,000
 
 
 
Member standby letters of credit 16,534
 3,598
a 
20,132
 15,703
 3,869
a 
19,572
 17,342
 6,068
a 
23,410
 19,971
 4,335
a 
24,306
Housing authority standby bond purchase agreements 33
 297
 330
 
 337
 337
 211
 244
 455
 84
 289
 373
Advance commitments 1,413
 13
 1,426
 151
 
 151
 14
 24
 38
 267
 7
 274
MPF delivery commitments 443
 
 443
 371
 
 371
 375
 
 375
 336
 
 336
Other 6
 
 6
 14
 
 14
 1
 
 1
 3
 
 3
Commitments $19,501
 $3,908
 $23,409
 $16,239
 $4,206
 $20,445
 $18,268
 $6,336
 $24,604
 $20,775
 $4,631
 $25,406

a 
Contains $744 million$2.0 billion and $750 million$1.7 billion of member standby letters of credit atas of March 31, 2018,2019, and December 31, 2017,2018, which were renewable annually.

For a description of defined terms see Note 17 - Commitments and Contingencies to the financial statements in our 20172018 Form 10-K.


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logoa68.jpgFederal Home Loan Bank of Chicago 
Notes to Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

Note 15 – Transactions with Related Parties and Other FHLBs


We define related parties as either members whose officers or directors serve on our Board of Directors, or members that control more than 10% of our total voting interests. We did not have any members that controlled more than 10% of our total voting interests for the periods presented in these financial statements.

In the normal course of business, we may extend credit to or enter into other transactions with a related party. AllThese transactions are done at market terms that are no more favorable than the terms of comparable transactions with other members who are not considered related parties.


Members

The following table summarizes material balances we had with our members who are related parties as defined above (including their affiliates) as of the periods presented. The related impacts to our Statements of Income were immaterial.not material.

As of March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Assets - Advances $183
 $165
 $625
 $665
Liabilities - Deposits 7
 13
 7
 6
Equity - Capital Stock 9
 10
 27
 27



Other FHLBs

From time to time, we may loan to, or borrow from, other FHLBs. These transactions are done at market terms that are no more favorable than the terms of comparable transactions with other counterparties. These transactions are overnight, maturing the following business day.

In addition, we provide programmatic and operational support in our role as the administrator of the MPF Program on behalf of the other MPF Banks for a fee.

Material transactions with other FHLBs if any, are identified on the face of our Financial Statements. starting on page 3.



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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Selected Financial Data
As of or for the three months ended March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 September 30, 2017 June 30, 2017 March 31, 2017  March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 September 30, 2018 June 30, 2018 March 31, 2018
Selected statements of condition data                     
Investments a
 $34,818
 $30,683
 $31,885
 $29,461
 $28,547
  $35,394
 $32,684
 $29,841
 $36,048
 $34,818
Advances 50,840
 48,085
 50,153
 46,844
 42,328
  50,776
 52,628
 54,667
 54,468
 50,840
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net 5,357
 5,193

5,024

4,965

4,940
  7,578
 7,103

6,439

5,779

5,357
Total assets 91,391
 84,355
 87,488
 81,779
 76,109
  94,122
 92,857
 91,410
 96,731
 91,391
Consolidated obligation discount notes, net 41,483
 41,191
 45,460
 37,944
 32,806
  39,639
 43,166
 37,674
 43,007
 41,483
Consolidated obligation bonds, net 43,516
 37,121
 35,890
 37,878
 37,662
  47,047
 42,250
 46,232
 46,854
 43,516
Mandatorily redeemable capital stock (MRCS) recorded as a liability 311
 311
 308
 303
 301
 
Mandatorily redeemable capital stock recorded as a liability 315
 313
 313
 314
 311
Capital stock 1,579
 1,443
 1,557
 1,526
 1,282
  1,660
 1,698
 1,718
 1,805
 1,579
Retained earnings 3,358
 3,297
 3,219
 3,153
 3,083
  3,608
 3,536
 3,488
 3,428
 3,358
Total capital 5,063
 4,852
 4,872
 4,746
 4,418
  5,329
 5,289
 5,324
 5,355
 5,063
Other selected data at period end                     
Member standby letters of credit outstanding $20,132
 $19,572
 $15,411
 $13,220
 $12,360
  $23,410
 $24,306
 $22,715
 $21,587
 $20,132
MPF Loans par value outstanding - FHLB System b
 $52,582
 51,563
 $49,970
 $48,260
 $46,728
  60,236
 58,820
 56,687
 54,572
 52,582
MPF Loans par value outstanding - FHLB Chicago PFIs b
 12,692
 12,484
 12,187
 11,987
 11,730
  14,961
 14,522
 13,858
 13,189
 12,692
FHLB system consolidated obligations par value outstanding 1,010,895
 1,031,617
 1,019,098
 1,059,859
 1,019,230
Number of members 719
 720
 717
 721
 726
  703
 705
 711
 719
 719
Total employees (full and part time) 461
 460
 457
 457
 452
  472
 468
 469
 462
 461
Selected statements of income data                     
Net interest income after provision for credit losses $124

$130

$124

$116

$113
  $118

$130

$127

$132

$124
Non-interest gain (loss) 
 13
 5
 16
 10
 
Non-interest expense 42
 45
 43
 44
 42
 
Noninterest income 18
 1
 6
 9
 
Noninterest expense 50
 56
 47
 46
 42
Net income 74
 88
 77
 79
 73
  77
 67
 77
 85
 74
Other selected data during the periods           
MPF Loans par value amounts funded - FHLB System b
 $2,494
 $3,280
 $3,474
 $3,088
 $2,073
 
Number of PFIs funding MPF products - FHLB System b
 720
 750
 769
 776
 730
 
MPF Loans par value amounts funded - FHLB Chicago PFIs b
 566
 $729
 655
 620
 517
 
Number of PFIs funding MPF products - FHLB Chicago b
 174
 175
 175
 176
 160
 
Other selected MPF data during the periods b
          
MPF Loans par value amounts funded - FHLB System $2,788
 $3,600
 $3,968
 $3,555
 $2,494
Quarterly number of PFIs funding MPF products - FHLB System 729
 750
 761
 767
 720
MPF Loans par value amounts funded - FHLB Chicago PFIs $771
 $1,037
 $1,119
 $892
 $566
Quarterly number of PFIs funding MPF products - FHLB Chicago 176
 184
 180
 184
 174
Selected ratios (rates annualized)                     
Total regulatory capital to assets ratio 5.74% 5.99% 5.81% 6.09% 6.13%  5.93% 5.97% 6.04% 5.73% 5.74%
Market value of equity to book value of equity 107% 107% 107% 108% 108%  105% 105% 105% 106% 107%
Primary mission asset ratio c
 69.1% 67.3% 67.2% 67.2% 67.0%  73.2% 71.1% 70.7% 69.9% 69.1%
Dividend rate class B1 activity stock-period paid 3.50% 3.30% 3.30% 3.15% 3.00%  5.00% 4.50% 4.25% 4.00% 3.50%
Dividend rate class B2 membership stock-period paid 1.50% 1.25% 1.25% 1.05% 0.85%  2.00% 1.80% 1.70% 1.60% 1.50%
Return on average assets 0.33% 0.41% 0.36% 0.39% 0.36%  0.32% 0.28% 0.33% 0.36% 0.33%
Return on average equity 5.82% 7.34% 6.54% 6.99% 6.46%  5.60% 4.93% 5.82% 6.42% 5.82%
Average equity to average assets 5.67% 5.59% 5.50% 5.58% 5.57%  5.71% 5.68% 5.67% 5.61% 5.67%
Net yield on average interest-earning assets 0.55% 0.60% 0.59% 0.58% 0.57%  0.50% 0.56% 0.55% 0.56% 0.55%
Return on average Regulatory Capital spread to three month LIBOR index 3.77% 5.54% 4.89% 5.47% 5.09%  2.86% 2.10% 3.24% 3.90% 3.77%
Cash dividends $13
 $10
 $11
 $9
 $10
  $21
 $19
 $17
 $15
 $13
Dividend payout ratio 18%
11%
14%
11%
14%  27%
28%
22%
18%
18%
a 
Includes investment debt securities, interest bearing deposits, Federal Funds sold, and securities purchased under agreements to resell.
b 
Includes all MPF products, on and off our balance sheet. See Mortgage Partnership Finance Program on page 87 in our 20172018 Form 10-K.
c 
In 2015, the FHFA issued an advisory bulletin that provides guidance relating to how the FHFA will assess each FHLB's core mission achievement by using a ratio of primary mission assets (which includes advances and mortgage loans acquired from members) to consolidated obligations. The primary mission asset ratios presented in this 10-Q are on an annualAnnual average year to date basis. See Mission Asset Ratio on page 5 in our 20172018 Form 10-K for more information.

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Forward-Looking Information

Statements contained in this report, including statements describing the objectives, projections, estimates, or future predictions of management, may be “forward-looking statements.” These statements may use forward-looking terminology, such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “expects,” “could,” “estimates,” “may,” “should,” “will,” their negatives, or other variations of these terms. We caution that, by their nature, forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties related to our operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. These risks and uncertainties could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in these forward-looking statements and could affect the extent to which a particular objective, projection, estimate, or prediction is realized. As a result, undue reliance should not be placed on such statements.

These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties including, but not limited to, the following:

changes in the demand by our members for advances, including the impact of pricing increases and the availability of other sources of funding for our members, such as deposits; 

regulatory limits on our investments;

the impact of new business strategies, including our ability to develop and implement business strategies focused on maintaining net interest income; the impact of our efforts to simplify our balance sheet on our market risk profile and future hedging costs; our ability to execute our business model, implement business process improvements and scale our size to our members' borrowing needs; the extent to which our members use our advances as part of their core financing rather than just as a back-up source of liquidity; and our ability to implement product enhancements and new products and generate enough volume in new products to cover our costs related to developing such products;

the extent to which amendments to our Capital Plan, including our ability to reduce capital stock requirements and continue to offer the Reduced Capitalization Advance Program for certain future advance borrowings, and our ability to continue to pay enhanced dividends on our activity stock, impact borrowing by our members;

our ability to meet required conditions to repurchase and redeem capital stock from our members (including maintaining compliance with our minimum regulatory capital requirements and determining that our financial condition is sound enough to support such repurchases), and the amount and timing of such repurchases or redemptions;

general economic and market conditions, including the timing and volume of market activity, inflation/deflation, unemployment rates, housing prices, the condition of the mortgage and housing markets, increased delinquencies and/or loss rates on mortgages, prolonged or delayed foreclosure processes, and the effects on, among other things, mortgage-backed securities; volatility resulting from the effects of, and changes in, various monetary or fiscal policies and regulations, such as those determined by the Federal Reserve Board and Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; impacts from various measures to stimulate the economy and help borrowers refinance home mortgages; disruptions in the credit and debt markets and the effect on future funding costs, sources, and availability;

volatility of market prices, rates, and indices, or other factors, such as natural disasters, that could affect the value of our investments or collateral; changes in the value or liquidity of collateral securing advances to our members;

changes in the value of and risks associated with our investments in mortgage loans, mortgage-backed securities, and FFELP ABS and the related credit enhancement protections;

changes in our ability or intent to hold mortgage-backed securities to maturity;

changes in mortgage interest rates and prepayment speeds on mortgage assets;



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membership changes, including the withdrawal of members due to restrictions on our dividends or the loss of members through mergers and consolidations or through regulatory requirements; changes in the financial health of our members, including the resolution of some members; risks related to expanding our membership to include more institutions with regulators and resolution processes with which we have less experience;

increased reliance on short-term funding and changes in investor demand and capacity for consolidated obligations and/or the terms of interest rate derivatives and similar agreements, including changes in the relative attractiveness of consolidated obligations as compared to other investment opportunities; changes in our cost of funds due to concerns over U.S. fiscal policy, and any related rating agency actions impacting FHLB consolidated obligations;

political events, including legislative, regulatory, judicial, or other developments that affect us, our members, our counterparties and/or investors in consolidated obligations, including, among other things, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) and related regulations and proposals and legislation related to housing finance and GSE reform; changes by our regulator or changes affecting our regulator and changes in the FHLB Act or applicable regulations as a result of the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 (Housing Act) or as may otherwise be issued by our regulator; the potential designation of us as a nonbank financial company for supervision by the Federal Reserve;

recent regulatory changes to FHLB membership and liquidity requirements by the FHFA;

the ability of each of the other FHLBs to repay the principal and interest on consolidated obligations for which it is the primary obligor and with respect to which we have joint and several liability;

the pace of technological change and our ability to develop and support technology and information systems, including our ability to protect the security of our information systems and manage any failures, interruptions or breaches in our information systems or technology services provided to us through third party vendors;

our ability to attract and retain skilled employees;

the impact of new accounting standards and the application of accounting rules, including the impact of regulatory guidance on our application of such standards and rules;

the impact of the application of auditor independence rules to our independent auditor;

the volatility of reported results due to changes in the fair value of certain assets and liabilities; and

our ability to identify, manage, mitigate, and/or remedy internal control weaknesses and other operational risks.

For a more detailed discussion of the risk factors applicable to us, see Risk Factors in our 20172018 Form 10-K on page 16.17.

These forward-looking statements are representative only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events, changed circumstances, or any other reason.


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Executive Summary

First Quarter 20182019 Financial Highlights

Advances outstanding increased $2.7decreased $1.8 billion to $50.8 billion at March 31, 2018, up2019, down from $48.1$52.6 billion at December 31, 2017.2018.

MPF Loans held in portfolio increased to $5.4$7.6 billion at March 31, 2018,2019, up from $5.2$7.1 billion at December 31, 2017, as2018, due to increased utilization by PFIs and the addition of new PFIs to the MPF Loan purchases continued to moderately outpace paydown and maturity activity.Program.

Total investment debt securities increased 6% to $18.4remained at $21.3 billion at March 31, 2018, up from $17.3 billion at2019, as purchases since December 31, 2017, as we increased our purchase of Treasury securities for liquidity purposes.2018 were offset by paydowns and maturities.

Total assets increased to $91.4$94.1 billion as of March 31, 2018,2019, compared to $84.4$92.9 billion as of December 31, 2017.2018.

We recorded net income of $77 million in the first quarter of 2019, up from $74 million in the first quarter of 2018, up from $73 million in the first quarter of 2017.2018.

Net interest income for the first quarter of 20182019 was $124$118 million, updown from $113$124 million for the first quarter of 2017, as we benefited both from2018, primarily due to the rising rate environmentBank’s adoption of derivative and higher levels ofhedging accounting guidance in 2019 that requires hedge ineffectiveness to be recorded in net interest earning assets.income prospectively.
Letters of credit commitments increased to $20.1 billion at March 31, 2018, up from $19.6 billion at December 31, 2017.
In the first quarter of 2019, noninterest income was $18 million due primarily to the recognition of gains from investment securities held for liquidity purposes and from other instruments held under the fair value option. This gain was partially offset by an increase in noninterest expenses of $8 million.

WeThe Bank remained in compliance with all of ourits regulatory capital requirements as of March 31, 2019.

Letters of credit commitments decreased to $23.4 billion at March 31, 2019, down from $24.3 billion at December 31, 2018.

Summary and Outlook

First Quarter 20182019 Dividend

On April 24, 2018,23, 2019, the Bank’s Board of Directors increasedof the Bank approved maintaining the dividend declared per sharein the fourth quarter of 2018 on both sub-classes of capitalthe Class B1 activity stock and increasing the dividend declared on the Class B2 membership stock. Based on the Bank’s preliminary financial results for the first quarter of 2018,2019, the Board of Directors declared a dividend of 4.00%5.00% (annualized) for Class B1 activity capital stock (an increase of 50 basis points from the previous quarter) and a dividend of 1.60%2.25% (annualized) for Class B2 membership capital stock (an increase of 1025 basis points from the previous quarter).

The Bank pays a higher dividend per share on Class B1 activity stock than on Class B2 membership stock to reward members who use the Bank’s advances and, thereby, support the financial health of the entire cooperative. The higher dividend members receivereceived on Class B1 activity stock has the effect of lowering their cost ofmembers’ borrowing from the Bank.costs.

Strong Member Activity ContinuesFunding Needs: Competitively Priced Products Designed to Deliver Advantages to Members

During 2017, we reported strong growth in member activityThe Bank’s products and that activity continued inprograms are designed to provide members competitively priced funding, a reasonable return on their investment, and support for their community investment activities. At the end of the first quarter of 2018. Advances2019, advances outstanding with members weretotaled $50.8 billion, and letters of credit were $20.1totaled $23.4 billion, at quarter-end. MPF Program activity continued to grow with $5.4 billion inand MPF Loans outstanding on balance sheet at quarter-end.

Community Investment Programs in Full Swing

Thetotaled $7.6 billion. During the first quarter of 2018 was a busy time2019, the Downpayment Plus Programs opened and applications for ourthe Community Investment programs. The application periodSmall Business Advance became available. In the second quarter of 2019, applications for Community First® Capacity-Building Grants was announced on March 6,the Community First Disaster ReliefCapacity-Building Grant Program funding for flood-hit communities in Wisconsin became available and on March 12,Monday, May 6, the 2018 Downpayment Plus® (DPP®) Programs opened on March 12, and trainings for the 20182019 competitive Affordable Housing Program have begun in anticipation of the round opening on May 7.opened.

FHFA Issues Proposed Rule Amending the Affordable Housing Program RegulationsMember Collateral Value: Expanding This Year

FHFA recently published proposed amendmentsEnsuring that the Bank is taking the right steps to the AHP regulations. The amendments offer some benefitsoptimize its members’ collateral value is integral to the AHP program, but also pose some challenges that could impact the development and implementation of AHP funding. See Legislative and Regulatory Developments starting on page 52 for more details on the proposed amendments.

News from Our District

In April, Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker signed into law the 2017 Wisconsin Act 340, an omnibus banking act containing three provisions impactingmaximizing members’ borrowing capacity with the Bank. See LegislativeOver the past few years, the Bank has expanded collateral classes that can be pledged, increased collateral margins in a manner we believe is safe and Regulatory Developments starting on page 52sound, and taken steps to make the pledging process easier for more details onmembers. Later this act.year, the Bank plans to implement additional enhancements intended to further optimize its members’ collateral value. In particular, the Bank plans to start providing value to collateral that was previously considered ineligible.

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

For a detailed description of our Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates see page 38 in our 20172018 Form 10-K.

Also seeSee Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 3 - Recently Issued but Not Yet Adopted Accounting Standards to the financial statements in this Form 10-Q for the impact of changes in accounting policies and recently issued accounting standards on our financial results subsequent to December 31, 2017.2018.

There have been no significant changes to the amounts of our critical accounting estimates in 2019.


Results of Operations


Net Interest Income

Net interest income is the difference between the amount we recognize into interest income on our interest earning assets and the amount we recognize into interest expense on our interest bearing liabilities. These amounts were determined in accordance with GAAP and were based on the underlying contractual interest rate terms of our interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities as well as the following items:

Amortization of premiums;
Accretion of discounts and credit OTTI reversals;
Beginning January 1, 2019 on a prospective basis, hedge ineffectiveness, which represents the difference between changes in fair value of the derivative hedging instrument and the related change in fair value of the hedged item is recognized into either interest income or interest expense, whichever is appropriate. For cash flow hedges, recognition occurs only when amounts are reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income. Such recognition occurs when earnings are affected by the hedged item. Prior to January 1, 2019, hedge ineffectiveness was classified in noninterest income on derivatives and hedging activities;
Net interest paid or received on interest rate swaps that are accounted for as fair value or cash flow hedges;
Amortization of premiums;
Accretion of discounts;
OTTI security yield adjustments due to either subsequent increases or decreases in estimatedfair value and cash flows;
Amortization offlow closed hedge adjustments;
Advance and investment prepayment fees; and
MPF credit enhancement fees.


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The table on the following pagetable presents the increase or decrease in interest income and expense due to volume or rate variances. The calculation of these components includes the following considerations:
 
Average Balance: Average balances are calculated using daily balances. Amortized cost basis is used to compute the average balances for most of our financial instruments, including MPF Loans held in portfolio that are on nonaccrual status and available for saleavailable-for-sale securities. The calculation of the yield on our available for saleavailable-for-sale securities does not give effect to changes in fair value that are reflected as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI). Fair value is used to compute average balances for our trading securities and financial instruments carried at fair value under the fair value option.

Total Interest: Total interest includes the net interest income components, as discussed above, applicable to our interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities.

Yield/Rate: Effective yields/rates are based on total interest and average balances as defined above. Yields/rates are calculated on an annualized basis.

The change in volume is calculated as the change in average balance multiplied by the current year yield. The change in rate is calculated as the change in yield multiplied by the prior year average balance. Any changes due to the combined volume/rate variance have been allocated to volume.

Increase or decrease in interest income and expense due to volume or rate variances
39
  March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018 Increase (decrease) due to
  Average Balance Total Interest Yield/ Rate Average Balance Total Interest Yield/ Rate Volume Rate Net Change
For the three months ended                  
Investment debt securities $19,548
 $180
 3.68% $18,438
 $163
 3.54% $11
 $6
 $17
Advances 55,386
 358
 2.59% 52,814
 214
 1.62% 16
 128
 144
MPF Loans held in portfolio 7,337
 76
 4.14% 5,226
 55
 4.21% 22
 (1) 21
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell 11,114
 67
 2.41% 11,968
 44
 1.47% (5) 28
 23
Other interest bearing assets 822
 5
 2.43% 1,216
 4
 1.32% (2) 3
 1
Interest bearing assets 94,207
 686
 2.91% 89,662
 480
 2.14% 33
 173
 206
Noninterest bearing assets 1,664
     668
          
Total assets 95,871
     90,330
          
                   
Consolidated obligation discount notes 45,192
 281
 2.49% 42,995
 183
 1.70% 13
 85
 98
Consolidated obligation bonds 42,974
 279
 2.60% 41,141
 169
 1.64% 11
 99
 110
Other interest bearing liabilities 886
 8
 3.61% 850
 4
 1.88% 
 4
 4
Interest bearing liabilities 89,052
 568
 2.55% 84,986
 356
 1.68% 27
 185
 212
Noninterest bearing liabilities 1,322
     252
          
Total liabilities 90,374
     85,238
          
                   
Net yield interest earning assets $94,207
 $118
 0.50% $89,662
 $124
 0.55% $5
 $(11) $(6)


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Increase or decrease in interest income and expense due to volume or rate variances
 March 31, 2018 March 31, 2017 Increase (decrease) due to
 Average Balance Total Interest Yield/ Rate Average Balance Total Interest Yield/ Rate Volume Rate Net Change
For the three months ended                 
Investment securities$18,438
 $163
 3.54% $19,771
 $166
 3.36% $(12) $9
 $(3)
Advances52,814
 214
 1.62% 45,193
 99
 0.88% 31
 84
 115
MPF Loans held in portfolio5,226
 55
 4.21% 4,956
 54
 4.36% 3
 (2) 1
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell11,968
 44
 1.47% 8,639
 15
 0.69% 12
 17
 29
Other1,216
 4
 1.32% 1,329
 3
 0.90% 
 1
 1
Interest income on interest bearing assets89,662
 480
 2.14% 79,888
 337
 1.69% 53
 90
 143
Noninterest bearing assets668
     639
          
Total assets90,330
     80,527
          
                  
Consolidated obligation discount notes42,995
 183
 1.70% 37,121
 96
 1.03% 25
 62
 87
Consolidated obligation bonds41,141
 169
 1.64% 37,679
 125
 1.33% 15
 29
 44
Other850
 4
 1.88% 900
 3
 1.33% 
 1
 1
Interest expense on interest bearing liabilities84,986
 356
 1.68% 75,700
 224
 1.18% 37
 95
 132
Noninterest bearing liabilities252
     328
          
Total liabilities85,238
     76,028
          
Net yield on interest earning assets$89,662
 $124
 0.55% $79,888
 $113
 0.57% $15
 $(4) $11

The following is an analysis of the preceding table and unless otherwise indicated, comparisons apply to the three month periods ending March 31, 2018 compared to March 31, 2017.
presented in the above table.

Interest income from investment debt securities declined as MBS/ABS matured or paid downincreased due to increases in rates and we did not make new investments in MBS/ABS undervolumes. Subject to FHFA regulatory limits as discussed in Investments on page 10 in our 20172018 Form 10-K,. One of the limits is that our investment we began making investments in MBS/ABS cannot exceed three times our total regulatory capital. We expect to resume making MBS and ABS investments sometime in 2018, subject to regulatory limitations.June 2018.

Interest income from advances increased primarily due to a rise inthe higher interest rates, which resulted primarily from rate hikes by the Federal Reserve Bank during 2017.environment. Interest income also increased to a lesser extent as a result of higher member demand for advances. As our members experience increased customer borrowing demand outpacing their deposit growth, utilization of our advances increased.

Interest income from MPF Loans held in portfolio was essentially unchanged from 2017.increased due to higher volumes, as new MPF loan purchases continued to outpace paydown and maturity activity due to increased utilization by PFIs and the addition of new PFIs to the MPF Program. Rates on MPF Loans declined slightly as the most seasoned loans, and highest rate loans, in our portfolio pay down.

Interest income from Federal Funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell increased both due to the higher volumes outstanding and increases in interest rates by the Federal Reserve Bank. We increased the amounts of these liquid assets as demand for our advances and letters of credit increased.rate environment.

Interest expense on both our shorter termed consolidated obligation discount notes and our longer termed consolidated obligation bonds increased, primarily due to rising short and long termthe higher interest rates, andrate environment. They also increased to a lesser extent an increase in notesdue to higher volumes as we increased the amounts of debt we issue to fund demand for our advances and bonds outstanding.


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(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)

other assets.

For details of the effect our fair value and cash flow hedge activities had on our net interest income see Total Net Effect Gain (Loss) of Hedging Activities table on the following page.


Noninterest Income 

 Three months ended March 31,  Three months ended March 31,
 2018 2017  2019 2018
Noninterest income -Noninterest income -    
Trading securitiesTrading securities $8
 $
Derivatives and hedging activitiesDerivatives and hedging activities $(3) $3
Derivatives and hedging activities (2) (3)
Instruments held under fair value optionInstruments held under fair value option (7) (2)Instruments held under fair value option 2
 (7)
MPF fees,6
and5
from other FHLBs 8
 7
7and6from other FHLBs 8
 8
Other, netOther, net 2
 2
Other, net 2
 2
Noninterest incomeNoninterest income $
 $10
Noninterest income $18
 $

The following is an analysis of the above table and unless otherwise indicated, comparisons apply to the three month periods ending March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017.presented in the above table.  

Trading Securities, Derivatives and Hedging Activities, and Instruments Held Under Fair Value Option

DerivativesMaturities in our trading securities and hedging activities, andunrealized gains in instruments held under the fair value option were notthe most significantto drivers of our statements ofincrease in noninterest income over the periods presented. Instead, theThe majority of the effect from our derivatives and hedging activities is recorded in net interest income.

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(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


The following table details the effect of all of these transactions on our statements of income.


Total Net Effect Gain (Loss) of Hedging Activities
 Advances Investments MPF Loans Discount Notes Bonds Other Total
Three months ended March 31, 2018             
Recorded in net interest income$(2)
$(18)
$(1)
$(35)
$(2)
$
 $(58)
Recorded in derivatives & hedging activities14

1

(1)
1

(17)
(1) (3)
Recorded on instruments held under fair value option(9) 
 (4) 
 6
 
 (7)
Total net effect gain (loss) of hedging activities$3

$(17)
$(6)
$(34)
$(13)
$(1) $(68)
              
Three months ended March 31, 2017             
Recorded in net interest income$(9)
$(24)
$(2)
$(45)
$12

$
 $(68)
Recorded in derivatives & hedging activities2



(1)
1

1


 3
Recorded in other, net
 1
 
 
 
 
 1
Recorded in instruments held under fair value option
 
 
 
 (2) 
 (2)
Total net effect gain (loss) of hedging activities$(7)
$(23)
$(3)
$(44)
$11

$
 $(66)

 Advances Investments MPF Loans Discount Notes Bonds Other Total
Three months ended March 31, 2019             
Recorded in net interest income$14

$(8)
$

$(11)
$(25)
$
 $(30)
Recorded in derivatives & hedging activities(11)
(5)
4

3

6

1
 (2)
Recorded in trading securities
 8
 
 
 
 
 8
Recorded on instruments held under fair value option10
 
 
 
 (8) 
 2
Total net effect gain (loss) of hedging activities$13

$(5)
$4

$(8)
$(27)
$1
 $(22)
              
Three months ended March 31, 2018             
Recorded in net interest income$(2)
$(18)
$(1)
$(35)
$(2)
$
 $(58)
Recorded in derivatives & hedging activities14

1

(1)
1

(17)
(1) (3)
Recorded on instruments held under fair value option(9) 
 (4) 
 6
 
 (7)
Total net effect gain (loss) of hedging activities$3

$(17)
$(6)
$(34)
$(13)
$(1) $(68)

MPF fees (including from other FHLBs)

A majority of MPF fees are from other FHLBs that pay us a fixed membership fee to participate in the MPF Program and a volume based fee for us to provide services related to MPF Loans carried on their on balance sheet MPF Loans.sheets. MPF fees also include income from off-balanceother third party off balance sheet MPF Loan products and other related transaction fees. These fees are designed to offset a portion of the expenses we incur to administer the program. MPF fees have grown as off balance sheet MPF Loan volume increased during the periods presented.


Other, net

Other, net consists primarily of fee income we earn fromearned on member standby lettersletter of credit products, as noted in Item 2. Selected Financial Data.



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(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


Noninterest Expense

 Three months ended March 31, Three months ended March 31,
 2018 2017 2019 2018
Compensation and benefits $24
 $25
 $28
 $24
Operating expenses 15
 15
 20
 15
Other 3
 2
 2
 3
Noninterest expense $42
 $42
 $50
 $42

The following is an analysis of the preceding table and unless otherwise indicated, comparisons apply to the three month periods ending March 31, 2018presented in the above table.  As noted in Noninterest Income on page 39 and March 31, 2017.above, we earned $8 million in MPF fees from the MPF Program for each period presented. Our costs relating to the MPF fees earned are included in the relevant items within noninterest expense above. These costs were also approximately $8 million for each period presented above.

Compensation and benefits increased primarily due to increased employee headcount and increases in salaries, incentive compensation expenses and pension-related expenses. We had 461472 employees as of March 31, 2018,2019, compared to 452461 as of March 31, 2017. Compensation and benefit2018.

Operating expenses declined slightlyincreased primarily due to a decline in anticipated pension expense recorded during the first quarter. However, we can not predict future return trends at this timeincreased information technology infrastructure and this reduction may not be sustained.security spending.

Other consists primarily of our share of the funding for the FHFA, our regulator, and the Office of Finance, which manages the consolidated obligation debt issuances of the FHLBs. In addition, Other includes MPF related non-operatingnonoperating expenses/gains on the sale of real estate owned.


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(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


Assessments

We record the Affordable Housing Program (AHP) assessment expense at a rate of 10% of income before assessments, excluding interest expense on MRCS. See Note 11 - Affordable Housing Program in our 20172018 Form 10-K for further details.


Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 Three months ended March 31, Balance remaining in AOCI as of Three months ended March 31, Balance remaining in AOCI as of
 2018 2017 March 31, 2018 2019 2018 March 31, 2019
Net unrealized gain (loss) available-for-sale securities $(49) $38
 $358
Noncredit OTTI held-to-maturity securities 7
 9
 (136)
Net unrealized gain (loss) available-for-sale debt securities $(2) $(49) $209
Noncredit OTTI held-to-maturity debt securities 6
 7
 (108)
Net unrealized gain (loss) cash flow hedges 58
 44
 (89) (2) 58
 (33)
Postretirement plans (2) (2) (7) 4
 (2) (7)
Other comprehensive income (loss) $14
 $89
 $126
 $6
 $14
 $61


The following is an analysis of the above table and unless otherwise indicated, comparisons apply to the three month periods ending March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017.presented in the above table. 

Net unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale debt securities

The net unrealized loss on our available for saleavailable-for-sale (AFS) portfolio for 20182019 is attributable to the reversal of net unrealized gains from prior reporting periods. The net unrealized gains on our AFS securities reverseperiods as these securities approach maturity. This is becausematurity (since we expect to receive par value at the maturity of these AFS securities.maturity). The smaller unrealized loss during 2019 compared to 2018 resulted from decreases in market interest rates for 2019. As of March 31, 2018,2019, we still had a sizable net unrealized gain balance remaining in AOCI attributable to our AFS portfolio.portfolio that we expect to reverse over the remaining life of these securities.

Noncredit OTTI on held-to-maturity debt securities

We recorded unrealized noncredit impairments on held-to-maturity debt securities during the last financial crisis. As the market has recovered and because we intend to hold these securities to maturity, we are recording accretion to the carrying amount of the

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securities, reversing the remaining loss balance in AOCI. The annual accretion gains declined in 2018 and are expected to continue to decline asAOCI over the securities near maturity.remaining life of these securities.

Net unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges

The net unrealized gainloss on cash flow hedges during the periods presentedfor 2019 resulted from an increasea decrease in shorter termlonger termed market interest rates for 2019 as a result of actions by the Federal Reserve Bank.Bank left the shorter termed Federal Funds rate unchanged.

We did not recognize any instrument-specific credit risk in our statements of comprehensive income as of March 31, 20182019 due to our credit standing.

For further details on the activity in our Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) see Note 12 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to the financial statements.


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Statements of Condition

March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Cash and due from banks, interest bearing deposits, Federal Funds sold, and securities purchased under agreement to resell$16,426
 $13,378
$14,070
 $11,407
Investment securities18,432
 17,347
Investment debt securities21,349
 21,305
Advances50,840
 48,085
50,776
 52,628
MPF Loans held in portfolio, net of allowance for credit losses5,357
 5,193
7,578
 7,103
Other336
 352
349
 414
Assets91,391
 84,355
94,122
 92,857
   
Consolidated obligation discount notes41,483
 41,191
39,639
 43,166
Consolidated obligation bonds43,516
 37,121
47,047
 42,250
Other1,329
 1,191
2,107
 2,152
Liabilities86,328
 79,503
88,793
 87,568
Capital stock1,579
 1,443
1,660
 1,698
Retained earnings3,358
 3,297
3,608
 3,536
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)126
 112
61
 55
Capital5,063
 4,852
5,329
 5,289
Total liabilities and capital$91,391
 $84,355
$94,122
 $92,857

The following is an analysis of the above table and comparisons apply to March 31, 20182019 compared to December 31, 2017.2018.

Cash and due from banks, interest bearing deposits, Federal Funds sold, and securities purchased under agreements to resell

Amounts held in these accounts will vary each day based on the following:

Interest rate spreads between Federal Funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell and our debt;
Liquidity requirements;
Counterparties available; and
Collateral availability on securities purchased under agreements to resell.

We increased the amounts of these liquid assets as demand for ourin 2019, maintaining a sufficient pool of liquidity to fund anticipated current advances and letters of credit increased.demand of our members.

Investment Debt Securities

Investment debt securities slightly increased as we purchased $2.6 billiondue to purchases in short term U.S. Governmentour trading, AFS, and HTM securities during the first quarter of 2018.portfolio in 2019. This increase was partially offset by declines in our Treasury and MBS/ABS securities in our trading, AFS, and HTM portfolios that matured or paid down and were not replaced,down. We resumed making investments in MBS securities starting in June 2018, as noted in Results of Operations on page 40.37.

Advances

Advances increasedAdvance balances declined slightly at the end of first quarter 2019 compared to year end 2018, although average advance balances during the first quarter 2019 remained at levels comparable with average advance balances for 2018, as shown in Results of Operations on page 38 in this Form 10-Q and page 41 in our 2018 Form 10-K. Advance balances will vary based primarily on member demand or need for wholesale funding and the underlying cost of the advance to the highest outstanding quarter end balance in our history due to strong market demand for funding in our district. While advance demand is strong, it is possible that member demand for our advances could decline in future periods should their funding needs change, or to the extent they elect alternative funding resources.member. In addition, as our advances with captive insurance companies mature, our total advance levels may decrease.

MPF Loans Held in Portfolio, Net of Allowance for Credit Losses

We had a small net increase in our outstanding MPF Loans from prior year end,held in portfolio increased as our purchasesnew-purchase volume continued to outpace paydown and maturity activity due to increased utilization by PFIs and the addition of new loans offset maturities and paydowns experienced in ourPFIs to the MPF Loan portfolio.

Program. In addition to our MPF Loans held in portfolio, we have MPF off-balance sheet products, where we buy and concurrently resell MPF Loans to Fannie Mae or other third party investors or pool and securitize them into Ginnie Mae MBS.

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(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


Liquidity, Funding, & Capital Resources

Liquidity
For the period ending March 31, 2018,2019, we maintained a liquidity position in accordance with FHFA regulations and guidance, and policies established by our Board of Directors. Based upon our excess liquidity position described below, we anticipate remaining in compliance with our current liquidity requirements. See Liquidity, Funding, & Capital Resources on page 48 in our 20172018 Form 10-K for a detailed description of our current liquidity requirements. We use different measures of liquidity as follows:
Overnight Liquidity – Our policy requires us to maintain overnight liquid assets at least equal to 3.5% or $3.2$3.3 billion of total assets. As of March 31, 2018,2019, our overnight liquidity was $24.0$19.5 billion or 26%21% of total assets, giving us an excess overnight liquidity of $20.8$16.2 billion.
Deposit Coverage – To support our member deposits, FHFA regulations require us to have an amount equal to the current deposits invested in obligations of the U.S. Government, deposits in eligible banks or trust companies, or advances with maturities not exceeding five years. As of March 31, 2018,2019, we had excess liquidity of $49.6$50.9 billion to support member deposits.

Contingency Liquidity – The cumulative five business day liquidity measurement assumes there is a localized credit crisis for all FHLBs where the FHLBs do not have the ability to issue new consolidated obligations or borrow unsecured funds from other sources (e.g., purchasing Federal Funds or customer deposits). Our net liquidity in excess of our total uses and reserves over a cumulative five-business-day period was $16.9$23.3 billion as of March 31, 2018.2019. As discussed on page 49 in the Liquidity, Funding, & Capital Resources section of our 2018 Form 10-K, this Contingent Liquidity regulation is scheduled to be rescinded as of January 1, 2020 in light of the Liquidity AB (as discussed below).

In addition toAdditionally, as discussed on page 49 in the liquidity measures discussed above,Liquidity, Funding, & Capital Resources section of our 2018 Form 10-K, FHFA guidance requires us to maintain dailyon liquidity through short-term investments in an amount at least equal to our anticipated cash outflows under two different scenarios. One scenario assumes(the “Liquidity AB”) which went into effect on March 31, 2019, requires that we cannothold positive cash flow assuming no access to the capital markets for 15a period of between ten to thirty calendar days, and that during that time members do not renew anyassuming the renewal of all maturing prepaid, and called advances. The second scenario assumesLiquidity AB also requires the Bank to maintain liquidity reserves between one and 20 percent of our outstanding letter of credit commitments.

The Liquidity AB requires the Bank to hold an additional amount of liquid assets, which could reduce the Bank’s ability to invest in higher-yielding assets, and may in turn negatively impact net interest income. To the extent that we cannot access the Bank adjusts pricing for its short-term advances and letters of credit, these products may become less competitive, which may adversely affect advance and capital markets for five days and that during that period we will automatically renew maturing and called advances for all members except for very large, highly rated members. Thesestock levels as well as letters of credit levels. For additional discussion of how our liquidity requirements are more stringent thanmay impact our earnings, see page 19 in the contingency liquidity requirement discussed above and are designed to enhanceRisk Factors section of our protection against temporary disruptions in access to the FHLB debt markets in response to a rise in capital markets volatility. As a result of this guidance, we are maintaining increased balances in short-term investments. 2018 Form 10-K.

In addition, we fund certain overnight or shorter-term investments and advances with debt that has a maturity that extends beyond the maturities of the related investments or advances. For a discussionThe Liquidity AB provides guidance on maintaining appropriate funding gaps for three-month (-10% to -20%) and one-year (-25% to -35%) maturity horizons, which we were required to meet by December 31, 2018. Subject to market conditions, the Bank’s cost of how thisfunding may impactincrease if we are required to achieve the appropriate funding gap by using longer term funding, on which we generally pay higher interest than on our earnings, see page 18short-term funding.


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(Dollars in the Risk Factors section of our 2017 Form 10-K. In July the FHFA proposed to rescind certain minimum regulatory liquidity requirements for the FHLBs as further discussedtables in Legislative and Regulatory Developments on page 14 in our 2017 Form 10-K.millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


We are sensitive to maintaining an appropriate liquidity and funding balance between our financial assets and liabilities, and we measure and monitor the risk of refunding such assets as liabilities mature (refunding risk). In measuring the level of assets requiring refunding, we take into account their contractual maturities, as further described in the notes to the financial statements. In addition, we make certain assumptions about their expected cash flows. These assumptions include: calls for assets with such features, projected prepayments and scheduled amortizations for our MPF Loans held in portfolio, MBS and ABS investments.

The following table presents the unpaid principal balances of (1) MPF Loans held in portfolio, (2) AFS securities, and (3) HTM securities (including ABS and MBS investments), by expected principal cash flows. The table is illustrative of our assumptions about the expected rather than contractual cash flowsflow of our assets, including prepayments made in advance of maturity.

 MPF Loans Held in Portfolio Investment Securities MPF Loans Held in Portfolio Investment Debt Securities
As of March 31, 2018 Available-for Sale Held-to-Maturity
As of March 31, 2019 MPF Loans Held in Portfolio Available-for Sale Held-to-Maturity
Year of Expected Principal Cash Flows          
One year or less $694
 $2,553
 $1,316
 $1,252
 $3,609
 $1,056
After one year through five years 2,051
 7,475
 1,943
 3,149
 2,578
 1,367
After five years through ten years 1,351
 1,371
 435
 1,685
 4,749
 365
After ten years 1,189
 531
 118
 1,371
 3,154
 149
Total $5,285
 $11,930
 $3,812
 $7,457
 $14,090
 $2,937


We consider our liabilities available to fund assets until their contractual maturity. For further discussion of the liquidity risks related to our access to funding, see page 2223 of the Risk Factors section in our 20172018 Form 10-K.


Funding

Conditions in Financial Markets

In the first quarter 2019, the ten year treasury rate fell 28 basis points to 2.41 percent due to fears of slowing US and international growth.  In the first quarter of 2019, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) did not alter the target range for the Federal Funds rate which it last increased from 2.25 to 2.50 percent in December 2018.  The markets do not anticipate another change in the target range for the federal fund rate in the second quarter of 2019 and any future change is anticipated to be a decrease in the rate instead of an increase.

We maintained ready access to funding during the first quarter of 2019.

In July 2017, the United Kingdom's Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), a regulator of financial services firms and financial markets in the U.K., announced its intention to cease sustaining the LIBOR indices after 2021. In response, the Federal Reserve Board (FRB) and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York convened the Alternative Reference Rates Committee (ARRC) to identify a set of alternative reference interest rates for possible use as market benchmarks. The ARRC has identified the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) as its recommended alternative rate. SOFR is based on a broad segment of the overnight Treasuries repurchase market and is intended to be a measure of the cost of borrowing cash overnight collateralized by Treasury securities. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York began publishing SOFR rates in April 2018 and the FHLB System issued its first SOFR-linked debt in the market on November 13, 2018. In January 2019, we participated in our first SOFR-indexed bond issuance and in February 2019, we began offering our first SOFR-linked advance. Many of our assets and liabilities are indexed to LIBOR and we are evaluating the potential impact of the eventual replacement of the LIBOR benchmark interest rate. For further discussion of the risks related to the replacement of LIBOR, see page 24 of the Risk Factors section in our 2018 Form 10-K.


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(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


Cash flows from operating activities

Three months ended March 31, 2019 2018
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $10
 $135

The decrease in net cash provided by operating activities resulted primarily from an increase in cash outflows related to the settlement of derivatives and hedging activities, the result of declining long term market rates in 2019 compared to rising rates in 2018.

Cash flows from investing activities with significant activity

Three months ended March 31, 2019 2018
Liquid assets (Federal Funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell, and interest bearing deposits) $(2,666)
$(3,050)
Investment debt securities 87
 (1,170)
Advances 1,978

(2,847)
MPF Loans held in portfolio (477)
(168)
Other 3
 3
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities $(1,075) $(7,232)

Our investing activities consist predominantly of liquid assets, debt securities held for investment, MPF Loans, and advances. The change in net cash provided by (used in) investing activities and changes in allocation within investing activities are discussed below.
In 2019 we invested in liquid assets to increase our liquidity position to comply with new FHFA liquidity guidance that was published in August 2018.  In addition, we invested in liquid assets to earn additional interest income.  In 2018 we purchased liquid assets to earn additional interest income.
In 2019, our purchases of debt securities have offset the proceeds from maturities and paydowns of debt securities held on balance sheet.  In 2018, we purchased U.S. Government securities to earn additional interest income.  These purchases exceeded proceeds from maturities and paydowns of debt securities held on balance sheet.
Our advances outstanding declined in 2019 due to reduced member demand for wholesale funding at quarter end.  Advance balances will vary based primarily on member demand or need for wholesale funding and the underlying cost of the advance to the member.  In 2018, member demand for wholesale funding increased at quarter end.
Investment in MPF Loans increased in 2019 compared to 2018 as we continued to add new PFIs to the MPF Program and increased utilization by PFIs.

Cash flows from financing activities with significant activity

Three months ended March 31, 2019 2018
Consolidated obligation discount notes $(3,548) $292
Consolidated obligation bonds 4,657
 6,524
Capital stock (37) 136
Other (10) 143
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities $1,062
 $7,095

Our financing activities primarily reflect cash flows related to issuing and repaying consolidated obligations. The proceeds from our discount notes and bonds were primarily utilized to fund our investing activities as noted above. The change in net cash provided by (used in) financing activities and change in funding allocations are discussed below.
We paid down short term discount notes in 2019 compared to net issuances in 2018 as longer termed bonds became more favorable to issue due to declining long term market rates.
We issued less longer termed bonds in 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to reduced advances to members as noted in investing activities above.
Capital stock outstanding decreased as members needed less capital stock to support their advance borrowings.

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(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)



Funding

Conditions in Financial Markets

In March 2018, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) raised the target range for the federal fund rate by 25 basis points to a range of 1.50 percent to 1.75 percent.  This is the sixth rate hike since the FOMC began to raise rates in December 2015.  The markets anticipate another 25 basis point increase in the target range for the federal fund rate in the second quarter of 2018.
We maintained ready access to funding during the first quarter of 2018.
Cash flows from operating activities
Three months ended March 31, 2018 2017
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $135
 $159

The decline in net cash provided by operating activities resulted primarily from a noncash adjustment related to derivatives and hedging activities.
Cash flows from investing activities with significant changes
Three months ended March 31, 2018 2017
Liquid assets (Federal Funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell, and interest bearing deposits) $(3,050)
$(2,492)
Investment securities (1,170) 2,028
Advances (2,847)
2,726
Other (165) 32
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities $(7,232) $2,294

Our investing activities consist predominantly of liquid assets, securities held for investment, and advances. The decline in net cash provided by (used in) investing activities primarily resulted from the following:

The increase in liquid assets reflect our increased liquidity needs to meet the demands of our members.

Securities held for investment reflect the purchases made in our trading security portfolio in 2018. The rest of our investment security portfolio continued to paydown in 2018.

Advances reflect the increase in advances outstanding during 2018, as compared to the reduction in advances outstanding in 2017.

Cash flows from financing activities with significant changes
Three months ended March 31, 2018 2017
Consolidated obligation discount notes $292
 $(3,142)
Consolidated obligation bonds 6,524
 750
Capital stock 136
 (426)
Other 143
 48
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities $7,095
 $(2,770)

Our financing activities primarily reflect cash flows related to issuing and repaying consolidated obligations. The proceeds from the net increases in our discount notes and bonds were primarily utilized to fund the net increases in our investing as noted above. The increase in net cash provided by (used in) financing activities primarily resulted from the following:

An increase in 2018 in the amount of our consolidated obligations used to fund the growth in our balance sheet, compared to 2017, when there was a net decrease in our consolidated obligations outstanding. In first quarter of 2018, we relied primarily on consolidated obligation bonds for our funding.

An increase in capital stock outstanding as members purchased capital stock to support their advance borrowings.

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(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


Capital Resources

Capital Rules

Under the Second Amended and Restated Capital Plan of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago, effective October 1, 2015 (Capital Plan), our stock consists of two sub-classes of stock, Class B1 activity stock and Class B2 membership stock (together, Class B stock), both with a par value of $100 per share and redeemable on five years' written notice, subject to certain conditions. Each member is required to own capital stock in an amount equal to the greater of a membership stock requirement or an activity stock requirement. Class B1 activity stock is available to support a member's activity stock requirement. Class B2 membership stock is available to support a member's membership stock requirement and any activity stock requirement.

Under our Capital Plan, our Board of Directors may set a threshold of between $10,000 and $75 million on the amount of Class B2 membership stock that would otherwise be held for membership if a member has advances outstanding that have an activity stock requirement in excess of the threshold amount. In that case, the amount of Class B2 membership stock that exceeds such threshold and is necessary to support advance activity is automatically converted into Class B1 activity stock. That threshold is currently set at $10,000, which means that we will convert to Class B1 activity capital stock any capital stock supporting advances that exceeds the lesser of the member's membership requirement or $10,000.

The Board of Directors may periodically adjust members' activity stock requirement for certain new advances within a range of 2% and 6% of a member's outstanding advances. Our Board implemented this provision through the Reduced Capitalization Advance Program (RCAP) as further discussed below. Each member’s activity stock requirement remains at 4.5% for non-RCAP advances.

Our Capital Plan allows for an activity stock requirement for MPF Loans acquired for our portfolio within a range of 0% and 6%, which our Board has set at 0%. Should the Board decide to introduce this capital requirement, we intend to notify members sufficiently in advance of the change and apply that change only to future acquisitions.

The Board may periodically adjust members’ membership stock requirement within a range of 0.20% to 2% of a member’s mortgage assets. Each member’s membership stock requirement is the greater of either $10,000 or 0.40% of a member's mortgage assets. A member’s investment in membership stock is subject to a cap equal to the lesser of (1) a dollar cap set by the Board within a range of $10,000 and $75 million, and (2) 9.9% of our total capital stock outstanding as of the prior December 31. The cap on each member’s membership stock requirement is now $5 million, which is less than 9.9% of the Bank’s total capital stock outstanding at December 31, 2017,2018, and is thus the operative cap during the remainder of 20182019 unless the Board sets a new cap.

Membership stock requirements will continue to be recalculated annually, whereas the activity stock requirement and any automatic conversion of Class B2 membership stock to Class B1 activity stock related to the threshold will apply on a daily basis.

We may only redeem or repurchase capital stock from a member if, following the redemption or repurchase, the member continues to meet its minimum investment requirement and we remain in compliance with our regulatory capital requirements as discussed in Note 11 - Capital and Mandatorily Redeemable Capital Stock (MRCS) to the financial statements in this Form 10-Q.

Members that withdraw from membership must wait at least five years after their membership was terminated and all of their capital stock was redeemed or repurchased before being readmitted to membership in any FHLB.

For details on our capital stock requirements under our Capital Plan during 2017,2018, see Capital Resource on page 5355 of our 20172018 Form 10-K. Under the terms of our Capital Plan, our Board of Directors is authorized to amend the Capital Plan, and the FHFA must approve all such amendments before they become effective.

For details on our minimum regulatory capital requirements see Note 11 - Capital and Mandatorily Redeemable Capital Stock (MRCS) to the financial statements in this Form 10-Q, and Minimum Capital Requirements on page F-44F-42 of our 20172018 Form 10-K.

Reduced Capitalization Advance Program

RCAP allows members to borrow one or more advances with an activity stock requirement of only 2% for the life of the advance instead of the current 4.5% requirement under our Capital Plan’s general provisions. As of March 31, 2018,2019, and December 31, 2017,2018, RCAP advances outstanding total $24.7$24.3 billion to 157155 members and $24.7$23.4 billion to 158149 members, respectively.

We may implement future programs for advances with a reduced activity stock requirement that may or may not have the same characteristics as current RCAP offerings.

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Repurchase of Excess Capital Stock

Beginning in 2017, we beganWe are currently repurchasing all excess Class B2 membership stock on a weekly basis at par value, i.e., $100 per share. Members may continue to request repurchase of excess capital stock on any business day in addition to the weekly repurchase. All repurchases of excess capital stock, including automatic weekly repurchases, will continue until otherwise announced, but remain subject to our regulatory requirements, certain financial and capital thresholds, and prudent business practices.

For details on the financial and capital thresholds relating to repurchases, see Repurchase of Excess Capital Stock on page 5758 of our 20172018 Form 10-K.
Capital Amounts

The following table reconciles our capital reported in our statements of condition to the amount of capital stock reported for regulatory purposes. MRCS is included in the calculation of the regulatory capital and leverage ratios but is recorded in other liabilities in our statements of condition.

  March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Change
Capital Stock $1,579
 $1,443
 $136
MRCS 311
 311
 
Regulatory capital stock 1,890
 1,754
 136
Retained earnings 3,358
 3,297
 61
Regulatory capital $5,248
 $5,051
 $197
       
Capital stock $1,579
 $1,443
 $136
Retained earnings 3,358
 3,297
 61
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 126
 112
 14
GAAP capital $5,063
 $4,852
 $211

  March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Capital Stock $1,660
 $1,698
MRCS 315
 313
Retained earnings 3,608
 3,536
Regulatory capital $5,583
 $5,547
     
Capital stock $1,660
 $1,698
Retained earnings 3,608
 3,536
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 61
 55
GAAP capital $5,329
 $5,289

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the above table consists of changes in market value of various balance sheet accounts where the change is not recorded in earnings but are instead recorded in equity capital as the income (loss) is not yet realized. For details on these changes please see Note 12 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to the financial statements.

Although we have had no OTTI year to date in 2018,2019, credit deterioration may negatively impact our remaining private label MBS portfolio.  We cannot predict if or when impairments will occur, or the impact these impairments may have on our retained earnings and capital position. See the Risk Factors section on page 1617 of our 20172018 Form 10-K.

We may not pay dividends if we fail to satisfy our minimum capital and liquidity requirements under the FHLB Act and FHFA regulations.

On April 24, 2018,23, 2019, our Board of Directors declared a 4.00%5.00% dividend (annualized) for Class B1 activity stock and a 1.60%2.25% dividend (annualized) for Class B2 membership stock based on our preliminary financial results for the first quarter of 2018.2019. This dividend, including dividends on mandatorily redeemable capital stock, totaled $16$24 million and is scheduled for payment on May 15, 2018.  The Class B2 capital stock dividend is intended to enhance the value of membership; the Class B1 capital stock dividend reduces the effective cost of borrowing from the Bank and rewards our members who support the entire cooperative by using our advance products.2019. 

Although we continue to work to maintain our financial strength to support a reasonable dividend, any future dividend determination by our Board will be at our Board's sole discretion and will depend on future operating results, our Retained Earnings and Dividend Policy and any other factors the Board determines to be relevant. For further information see Retained Earnings & Dividends on page 5759 in our 20172018 Form 10-K.

We continue to allocate 20% of our net income each quarter to a restricted retained earnings account in accordance with the Joint Capital Enhancement Agreement that we entered into with the other FHLBs, as further discussed in Joint Capital Enhancement Agreement on page F-45F-43 in our 20172018 Form 10-K.

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Risk Management - Credit Risk


Managing Our Credit Risk Exposure Related to Member Credit Products

Our credit risk rating system focuses primarily on our member's overall financial health and takes into account the member's asset quality, earnings, and capital position. For further information please see Member Credit Risk Ratings starting on page 6162 in our 20172018 Form 10-K.

The following table presents the number of members and related credit outstanding to them by credit risk rating. Credit outstanding consists primarily of outstanding advances and letters of credit. MPF credit enhancement obligations, member derivative exposures, and other obligations make up the rest. Of the total credit outstanding, $50.9$50.6 billion were advances (par value) and $20.1$23.4 billion were letters of credit at March 31, 2018,2019, compared to $48.0$52.6 billion and $19.6$24.3 billion at December 31, 2017.2018.

 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Rating Borrowing Members Credit Outstanding Collateral Loan Value Borrowing Members Credit Outstanding Collateral Loan Value Borrowing Members Credit Outstanding Collateral Loan Value Borrowing Members Credit Outstanding Collateral Loan Value
1-3 485
 $70,532
 $120,774
 495
 $67,105
 $116,810
 496
 $73,609
 $132,705
 509
 $76,456
 $130,791
4 6
 487
 565
 7
 498
 577
 2
 504
 514
 2
 504
 536
5 11
 107
 229
 11
 120
 234
 11
 120
 209
 11
 126
 193
Total 502
 $71,126
 $121,568
 513

$67,723

$117,621
 509
 $74,233
 $133,428
 522

$77,086

$131,520


The majority of members assigned a 4 rating in the above table were required to submit specific collateral listings and the majority of members assigned a 5 rating were required to deliver collateral to us or to a third party custodian on our behalf.


MPF Loans and Related Exposures

For details on our allowance for credit losses on MPF Loans, please see Note 8 - Allowance for Credit Losses to the financial statements.

Credit Risk Exposure - Our credit risk exposure on conventional MPF Loans held in portfolio is the potential for credit lossesrisk of loss due to borrower default on contractual principal and interest which would result frompayments, and the depreciation in the valueloss severity after liquidation of the real estate collateral securing the MPF Loan, offset byLoan. The loss severity takes into consideration our ability to recover losses from PMI, Recoverable CE Fees, and the CE Amount which(which may include SMI.SMI). The PFI is required to pledge collateral to secure any portion of its CE Amount that is a direct obligation of the PFI. For further details see Loss Structure for Credit Risk Sharing Products on page 9 of our 20172018 Form 10-K, and Credit Risk Exposure and Setting Credit Enhancement Levels on page 6365 of our 20172018 Form 10-K.

Mortgage Repurchase Risk

For details on our mortgage repurchase risk in connection with our sale of MPF Loans to third party investors and MPF Loans securitized into MBS when a loan eligibility requirement or other warranty is breached, see Mortgage Repurchase Risk on page 6567 in our 20172018 Form 10-K.



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Investment Debt Securities

We hold a variety of AA or better rated investment securities, mostly government backed or insured securities, such as GSE debt and FFELP ABS, and we believe these investments are low risk. There were no material changes in the credit ratings of these securities since December 31, 2017.2018. For further details see Investment Securities by Rating on page 6769 in our 20172018 Form 10-K. Except for private label MBS, we have never taken an impairment charge on our investment securities.

Our private label MBS are predominantly variable rate securities rated below investment grade (BBB). There were no material changes in overall credit quality since December 31, 2017,2018, nor have we acquired any new private label MBS. We last had an other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) loss on private label MBS in 2012. We currently have unrealized gains on these securities as their market values have improved from the impaired values and subsequent to 2012 we have begun recording accretion gainsto accrete expected increases in cash flow on these securities back into interest income. For further details see Note 5 - Investment Debt Securities to the financial statements.


Unsecured Short-Term Investments

See Unsecured Short-Term Investments page 7071 in our 20172018 Form 10-K for further details on our unsecured short-term investments as well as policies and procedures to limit and monitor our unsecured credit risk exposure.

The following table presents the credit ratings of our unsecured investment credit exposurescounterparties, organized by the domicile of the counterparty or, where the counterparty is a U.S. branch or agency office of a foreign commercial bank, by the domicile of the counterparty's parent for U.S. branches and agency offices of foreign commercial banks.parent. This table does not reflect the foreign sovereign government's credit rating. The unsecured investment credit exposure presented in the table may not reflect the average or maximum exposure during the period as the table reflects only the balances at period end.

As of March 31, 2018 AA A BBB Below BBB Total
As of March 31, 2019 AA A BBB Total
Domestic U.S.                  
Interest-Bearing Deposits $
 $775
 $
 $
 $775
 $
 $425
 $
 $425
Fed Funds Sold 975
 
 191
 20
 1,186
 1,500
 1,350
 170
 3,020
U.S. branches and agency offices of foreign commercial banks - Federal Funds sold:                  
Australia 1,500
 
 
 
 1,500
 1,250
 
 
 1,250
Austria 
 600
 
 600
Canada 
 1,900
 
 
 1,900
 
 2,575
 
 2,575
Finland 525
 
 
 525
France 
 500
 
 
 500
 
 1,600
 
 1,600
Japan 
 700
 
 
 700
Netherlands 
 650
 
 
 650
 
 550
 
 550
Norway 
 600
 
 
 600
 600
 
 
 600
Sweden 1,625
 700
 
 
 2,325
 
 500
 
 500
Total unsecured credit exposure $4,100
 $5,825
 $191
 $20
 $10,136
 $3,875

$7,600

$170

$11,645


All $10.1$11.65 billion of the unsecured credit exposure shown in the above table were overnight investments.

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Managing Our Credit Risk Exposure Related to Derivative Agreements

See Note 9 - Derivatives and Hedging Activities to the financial statements for a discussion of how we manage our credit risk exposure related to derivative agreements. We have credit exposure on net asset positions where we have not received adequate collateral from our counterparties. We also have credit exposure on net liability positions where we have pledged collateral in excess of our liability to a counterparty.

The following table presents our derivative positions where we have such credit exposures. The rating used was the lowest rating among the three largest NRSROs. Non-cash collateral pledged consists of initial margin we posted through our FCMs, on behalf of the DCOs for cleared derivatives and is included in our derivative positions with credit exposure.

 Net Derivative Fair Value Before Collateral Cash Collateral Pledged Noncash Collateral Pledged Net Credit Exposure to Counterparties  Net Derivative Fair Value Before Collateral Cash Collateral Pledged Noncash Collateral Pledged 
Net Credit Exposure to Counterparties a
As of March 31, 2018         
Non-member counterparties -         
As of March 31, 2019        
Nonmember counterparties -        
Undercollateralized asset positions -        
Cleared derivatives $11
 $
 $276
 $287
Overcollateralized liability positions -        
Bilateral derivatives -        
A (34) 36
 
 2
BBB (11) 14
 
 3
Cleared derivatives (6) 
 63
 57
Nonmember counterparties (40) 50
 339
 349
Member institutions 2
 
 
 2
Total $(38) $50
 $339
 $351
        
As of December 31, 2018        
Nonmember counterparties -        
Undercollateralized asset positions -                 
Bilateral derivatives -                 
AA $1
 $(1) $
 $
BBB $20
 $(20) $
 $
a 
 31

(30)


1
Overcollateralized liability positions -                

Bilateral derivatives -                

A rated (54) 55
 
 1
 
AA (1) 1
 
 
A (111) 115
 
 4
BBB (70) 70
 
 
a 
 (53) 53
 
 
Cleared derivatives (9) 
 64
 55
 
Non-member counterparties (113) 105
 64
 56
 
Member institutions 1
 
 
 1
 
Total $(112) $105
 $64
 $57
 
         
As of December 31, 2017         
Nonmember counterparties -         
Undercollateralized asset positions -         
Bilateral derivatives -         
BBB $8

$(8)
$

$
a 
Overcollateralized liability positions -         
Bilateral derivatives -         
AA rated (52) 52
 
 
a 
A rated (75) 76
 
 1
 
Cleared derivatives (6) 
 67
 61
  (9) 
 269
 260
Nonmember counterparties (125) 121
 67
 63
  (142)
138

269

265
Member counterparties 1
 
 
 1
  1
 
 
 1
Total $(124) $121
 $67
 $64
  $(141)
$138

$269

$266
a 
Less than $1 million.million is shown as zero.


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Legislative and Regulatory Developments

Significant regulatory actions and developments are summarized below.

2017 Wisconsin Act 340. On April 16, 2018, Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker signed into law the 2017 Wisconsin Act 340 which includes three provisions we believe will benefit the Bank and our Wisconsin members.
The first provision clarifies in the Wisconsin public deposit statute that FHLB letters of credit are acceptable collateral substitutes for public unit deposits. This clarification may help our Wisconsin bank and credit union members more easily obtain low-cost local funding.
The second provision provides protections for the Bank under state insurance insolvency law by limiting the stay authority applicable to the Bank and removing the Bank from the voidable preference provisions. These protections will allow our Wisconsin insurance company members to receive improved securities collateral values when borrowing from us.
The third provision allows the Wisconsin Department of Financial Institutions to share their confidential exam reports of state-chartered banks, thrifts, and credit unions with the Bank. Federal law has long required federal banking regulators to share their exam reports with the FHLBs. This provision will help our Wisconsin-chartered depository members receive similar collateral values as federally-chartered institutions when borrowing from us.

FHFA Proposed Amendments to Affording Housing Program ("AHP") Regulations. On March 14, 2018, the FHFA published a proposed rule to amend the operating requirements of the FHLBs’ AHP.  The proposal is open for public comment through June 12, 2018.  If adopted as proposed, among other updates, the AHP rule would: 
require an FHLB to create its own scoring criteria that are designed to satisfy new regulatory outcome requirements, replacing the existing regulatory scoring guidelines;
permit an FHLB to voluntarily increase its AHP homeownership set-aside funding program to 40% of annual available funds (up from the current rule’s 35% annual limit);
increase the per-household set-aside grant amount to $22,000 with an annual housing price inflation adjustment (up from the current fixed limit of $15,000);
remove the retention agreement requirement for owner-occupied units;
further align AHP monitoring with certain federal government funding programs;
increase threshold requirements for certain project types, such as projects dedicated to homeless or special needs populations; and
authorize an FHLB using market research empirical data to create special targeted grant programs that would be a sub-set of the regular AHP competitive funding program.

The rule, as proposed, would represent a substantial overhaul of the existing regulation on the FHLBs’ AHP and fundamentally change the structure and methodology for awarding grants to affordable housing projects. The proposed rule would also increase AHP’s complexity and administrative burden.
The rule, as proposed, would require changes in the areas of operations, communications, and information systems of the FHLBs. It would also require increased Board and Affordable Housing Advisory Council action and increased communications and education with members and sponsors. We do not believe, the rule, if adopted substantially as proposed, would be material to our financial condition or results of operation, since, among other things, it would not increase the annual AHP funding requirement.  However, we expect there will be increased costs related to implementing the rule requirements and making related adjustments to our systems. In addition, if the rule is adopted as proposed, the Bank expects a possible change to the types of projects that may be funded on a go-forward basis in the Bank’s district, with a commensurate impact on AHP sponsors and their respective communities.

Office of the Comptroller of the Currency ("OCC"), Federal Reserve Board ("FRB"), Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC"), Farm Credit Administration and FHFA ProposedInterim Final Rule on Margin and Capital Requirements for Covered Swap Entities.Entities.
On February 21, 2018,March 19, 2019, the OCC, FRB, FDIC,Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Federal Reserve Board, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Farm Credit Administration and the FHFA published a proposed amendment(collectively, the Agencies) jointly adopted interim final rules (the “Interim Rule”) amending the Agencies’ regulations that established minimum margin and capital requirements (the “Margin Rules”) for registered swap dealers, major swap participants, security-based swap dealers, and major security-based swap participants (“Covered Swap Entities”) under the jurisdiction of one of the Agencies. The Interim Rule was adopted to each agency’s final rule on Margin and Capital Requirements forassist Covered Swap Entities and their counterparties upon the expected withdrawal, currently delayed until October 31, 2019, of the United Kingdom (“UK”) from the European Union (“EU”), commonly referred to as “Brexit.” If the UK withdraws from the EU without a negotiated agreement between the UK and the EU, Covered Swap Entities located within the UK may not be authorized to continue providing certain financial services to swap counterparties. The Interim Rule would permit Covered Swap Entities located within the UK to transfer their non-cleared swap portfolios to affiliates or other related entities located within the EU or the United States without subjecting legacy swaps (those swaps entered into before the compliance date of the Margin Rules”) to conform the definition of “eligible master netting agreement” in such rulesRules) to the FRB’s, OCC’smargin requirements of the Margin Rules, provided that the transfer is made within a year of a non-negotiated Brexit and FDIC’s final qualified financial contract (“QFC”) rules. It also clarifiesthere are no other amendments to the transactions.
The Bank has UK-based non-cleared swap counterparties that may choose to transfer their non-cleared swap portfolios, including any such transactions with us, to a related entity in the EU or the United States. If any of the Bank’s legacy swap would not be deemed to be a covered swapnon-cleared swaps are transferred in accordance with the Interim Rule, those swaps will retain legacy status under the Swap Margin Rules if itabsent any other amendments.
On April 1, 2019, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) adopted its own version of the Interim Rule, which is amended to conformsubstantially similar to the QFC rules. The QFC rules previously published byAgencies’ Interim Rule, but which applies to Covered Swap Entities that are not subject to the OCC, FRB, and FDIC require their respective regulated entities to amend covered QFCs to limit a counterparty’s immediate termination or exercisejurisdiction of default rights in the event of bankruptcy or receivershipone of the regulated entity or its affiliate(s).

Agencies. Comments on the proposed ruleInterim Rule were due by April 23, 2018. We continue to evaluate18, 2019 and are due on the proposed rule, but doCFTC’s version of the Interim Rule on May 31, 2019. The Bank does not expect this rule, if adopted substantially as proposed,the Interim Rule (or the CFTC's version of the Interim Rule) to materially affect ourits financial condition or results of operations.
Final Rule on FHLB Capital Requirements.
On February 20, 2019, the FHFA published a final rule, effective January 1, 2020, that adopts, with amendments, the regulations of the Federal Housing Finance Board (predecessor to the FHFA) (the Finance Board) pertaining to the capital requirements for the FHLBs. The final rule carries over most of the prior Finance Board regulations without material change, but substantively revises the credit risk component of the risk-based capital requirement, as well as the limitations on extensions of unsecured credit. The main revisions remove requirements that the Bank calculate credit risk capital charges and unsecured credit limits based on ratings issued by a Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organization (NRSRO), and instead require that the Bank establish and use its own internal rating methodology (which may include, but not solely rely on, NRSRO ratings). The rule imposes a new credit risk capital charge for cleared derivatives. The final rule also revises the percentages used in the regulation’s tables to calculate credit risk capital charges for advances and for non-mortgage assets. The final rule also rescinds certain contingency liquidity requirements that were part of the Finance Board regulations, as these requirements are now addressed in the Liquidity AB. The Bank does not expect this rule to materially affect its financial condition or results of operations.
FDIC Final Rule on Reciprocal Deposits.
On February 4, 2019, the FDIC published a final rule, effective March 6, 2019, related to the treatment of “reciprocal deposits,” which implements Section 202 of the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act. The final rule exempts, for certain insured depository institutions (depositories), certain reciprocal deposits (deposits acquired by a depository from a network of participating depositories that enables depositors to receive FDIC insurance coverage for the entire amount of their deposits) from being subject to FDIC restrictions on brokered deposits. Under the rule, well-capitalized and well-rated depositories are not required to treat reciprocal deposits as brokered deposits up to the lesser of twenty percent of their total liabilities or $5 billion. Reciprocal deposits held by depositories that are not well-capitalized and well-rated may also be excluded from brokered deposit treatment in certain circumstances.
The Bank continues to evaluate the potential impact of the final rule, but currently does not expect the rule to materially affect its financial condition or results of operations. The rule could, however, enhance depositories’ liquidity by increasing the attractiveness of deposits that exceed FDIC insurance limits. This could affect the demand for certain advance products.


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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.


Our Asset/Liability Management Committee provides oversight of risk management practices and policies. This includes routine reporting to senior Bank management and the Board of Directors, as well as maintaining the Income and Market Value Risk Policy, which defines our interest rate risk limits. The table below reflects the change in market risk limits under the policy.

 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Scenario as of Change in Market Value of Equity Loss Limit Change in Market Value of Equity Loss Limit Change in Market Value of Equity Loss Limit Change in Market Value of Equity Loss Limit
-200 bp $156
 $(370) $202
 $(370) $61
 $(450) $27
 $(450)
-100 bp 56
 (155) 66
 (155) (5) (200) 7
 (200)
-50 bp 31
 (60) 31
 (60) (3) (90) 12
 (90)
-25 bp 17
 (30) 16
 (30) 
 (45) 9
 (45)
+25 bp (18) (30) (17) (30) (4) (45) (12) (45)
+50 bp (38) (60) (37) (60) (11) (90) (27) (90)
+100 bp (79) (155) (83) (155) (37) (200) (62) (200)
+200 bp (178) (370) (195) (370) (122) (450) (159) (450)

Measurement of Market Risk Exposure
To measure our exposure, we discount the cash flows generated from modeling the terms and conditions of all interest rate-sensitive securities using current interest rates to determine their fair values or spreads to the swap curve for securities where third party prices are used. This includes considering explicit and embedded options using a lattice model or Monte Carlo simulation. We estimate yield curve, option, and basis risk exposures by calculating the fair value change in relation to various parallel changes in interest rates, implied volatility, prepayment speeds, spreads to the swap curve and mortgage rates.
 
The table below summarizes our sensitivity to various interest rate risk exposures in terms of changes in market value.

   Option Risk Basis Risk
 Yield Curve Risk Implied Volatility Prepayment Speeds Spread to Swap Curve Mortgage Spread
As of March 31, 2018$(1) $(2) $(2) (12) $1
As of December 31, 2017(1) (2) (2) (13) 1
   Option Risk Basis Risk
 Yield Curve Risk Implied Volatility Prepayment Speeds Spread to Swap Curve Mortgage Spread
As of March 31, 2019$
 $
 $(3) (17) $
As of December 31, 2018
 (1) (2) (16) 


Yield curve risk – Change in market value for a one basis point parallel increase in the swap curve.
Option risk (implied volatility) – Change in market value for a one percent parallel increase in the swaption volatility.
Option risk (prepayment speeds) – Change in market value for a one percent increase in prepayment speeds.
Basis risk (spread to swap curve) – Change in market value for a one basis point parallel increase in the spread to the swap curve.
Basis risk (mortgage spread) – Change in market value for a one basis point increase in mortgage rates.


As of March 31, 2019, our sensitivity to changes in implied volatility was zero. At December 31, 2018, our sensitivity to changes in implied volatility was $(2) million. At December 31, 2017, our sensitivity to changes in implied volatility was $(2)$(1) million. These sensitivities are limited in that they do not incorporate other risks, including but not limited to, non-parallel changes in yield curves, prepayment speeds, and basis risk related to differences between the swap and the other curves. Option positions embedded in our mortgage assets and callable debt impact our yield curve risk profile, such that swap curve changes significantly greater than one basis point cannot be linearly interpolated from the table above.


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(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


Duration of equity is another measure to express interest rate sensitivity. We report the results of our duration of equity calculations to the FHFA each quarter. We measure duration of equity in a base case using the actual yield curve as of a specified date and then shock it with an instantaneous shift of the entire curve. The following table presents the duration of equity reported by us to the FHFA in accordance with the FHFA's guidance, which prescribes that down and up interest-rate shocks equal 200 basis points. The results are shown in years of duration equity.


 Duration of equity
Scenario as of Down 200 bps Base Up 200 bps
March 31, 2018 2.1 1.2 1.8
December 31, 2017 2.9 1.2 2.2

 Duration of equity
Scenario as of Down 200 bps Base Up 200 bps
March 31, 2019 1.6 0.2 1.6
December 31, 2018 1.1 0.7 1.9


As of March 31, 2018,2019, on a U.S. GAAP basis, our fair value surplus (relative to book value) was $358$288 million, and our market value of equity to book value of equity ratio was 107%105%, compared to $371$294 million and 107%105% at December 31, 2017.2018. Our market to book value of total capital for regulatory risk-based capital purposes differs from this GAAP calculation, as discussed in Note 11 - Capital and Mandatorily Redeemable Capital Stock (MRCS) to the financial statements.



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(Dollars in tables in millions except per share amounts unless otherwise indicated)


Item 4. Controls and Procedures.


Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as of the end of the period covered by this report (the Evaluation Date). Based on this evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded as of the Evaluation Date that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective such that information relating to us that is required to be disclosed in reports filed with the SEC (i) is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.


Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

For the most recent quarter presented in this Form 10-Q, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


Consolidated Obligations

Our disclosure controls and procedures include controls and procedures for accumulating and communicating information relating to our joint and several liability for the consolidated obligations of other FHLBs. For further information, see Item 9A. Controls and Procedures on page 8182 of our 20172018 Form 10-K.



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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION


Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

For a discussion of the litigation relating to private label MBS bonds purchased by the Bank, see Item 3. Legal Proceedings on page 3031 of our 20172018 Form 10-K.
The Bank may also be subject to various other legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business. After consultation with legal counsel, management is not aware of any other proceedings that might have a material effect on the Bank's financial condition or results of operations.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

In addition to the information presented in this report, readers should carefully consider the factors set forth in the Risk Factors section on page 1617 in our 20172018 Form 10-K, which could materially affect our business, financial condition, or future results. These risks are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also severely affect us.


Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
Not applicable.


Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.


Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.


Item 5. Other Information.

None.



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Item 6. Exhibits.

  
  
  
  
  
101.INSXBRL Instance Document - The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.
  
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
  
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
  
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
  
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
  
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document



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Glossary of Terms

Advances: Secured loans to members.
 
ABS: Asset backed securities.
 
AFS: Available-for-sale debt securities.

AOCI: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.

Capital Plan: The Second Amended and Restated Capital Plan of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago, effective as of October 1, 2015.

CE Amount: A PFI's assumption of credit risk on conventional MPF Loan products held in an MPF Bank's portfolio that are funded by, or sold to, an MPF Bank by providing credit enhancement either through a direct liability to pay credit losses up to a specified amount or through a contractual obligation to provide SMI. Does not apply to the MPF Government, MPF Xtra, MPF Direct or MPF Government MBS product.

CE Fee: Credit enhancement fee. PFIs are paid a credit enhancement fee for managing credit risk and in some instances, all or a portion of the CE Fee may be performance based.

CFTC: Commodity Futures Trading Commission

Consolidated Obligations (CO): FHLB debt instruments (bonds and discount notes) which are the joint and several liability of all FHLBs; issued by the Office of Finance.
Consolidated obligation bonds: Consolidated obligations that make periodic interest payments with a term generally over one year, although we have issued for terms of less than one year.
 
DCO: Derivatives Clearing Organization. A clearinghouse, clearing association, clearing corporation, or similar entity that enables each party to an agreement, contract, or transaction to substitute, through novation or otherwise, the credit of the DCO for the credit of the parties; arranges or provides, on a multilateral basis, for the settlement or netting of obligations; or otherwise provides clearing services or arrangements that mutualize or transfer credit risk among participants.

Discount notes: Consolidated obligations with a term of one year or less, which sell at less than their face amount and are redeemed at par value when they mature.
Dodd-Frank Act: Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, enacted July 21, 2010.2010, and as amended from time to time.
 
Excess capital stock: Capital stock held by members in excess of their minimum investment requirement.
 
Fannie Mae: Federal National Mortgage Association.
 
FASB: Financial Accounting Standards Board.

FCM: Futures Commission Merchant.
 
FFELP: Federal Family Education Loan Program.
 
FHFA: Federal Housing Finance Agency - The Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 enacted on July 30, 2008 created the Federal Housing Finance Agency which became the regulator of the FHLBs.
 
FHLB Act: The Federal Home Loan Bank Act of 1932, as amended.
 
FHLBs: The 11 Federal Home Loan Banks or subset thereof.
 
FHLB System: The 11 FHLBs and the Office of Finance.

FHLBC: The Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago.

FHLB Chicago: The Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago.

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FHLB Chicago: The Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago.

FLA: First loss account is a memo account used to track the MPF Bank's exposure to losses until the CE Amount is available to cover losses.
 
Freddie Mac: Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation.
 
GAAP: Generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America.
 
Ginnie Mae: Government National Mortgage Association.

Ginnie Mae MBS: Mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by Ginnie Mae. 
 
Government Loans: Mortgage loans insured or guaranteed by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) or Department of Agriculture Rural Housing Service (RHS).
 
GSE: Government sponsored enterprise.

HFS: Held for sale.

HTM: Held-to-maturity debt securities.

LIBOR: London Interbank Offered Rate.

Liquidity AB: Advisory Bulletin 2018-07 Liquidity Guidance, issued by the FHFA on August 23, 2018.

Master Commitment (MC): Pool of MPF Loans purchased or funded by an MPF Bank.
 
MBS: Mortgage-backed securities.

Moody's: Moody's Investors Service.
 
MPF®: Mortgage Partnership Finance.
 
MPF Banks: FHLBs that participate in the MPF program.

MPF Direct product: The MPF Program product under which we acquire non-conforming (jumbo) MPF Loans from PFIs without any CE Amount and concurrently resell them to a third party investor.

MPF Government MBS product: The MPF Program product under which we aggregate Government Loans acquired from PFIs in order to issue securities guaranteed by the Ginnie Mae that are backed by such Government Loans.


MPF Loans: Conventional and government mortgage loans secured by one-to-four family residential properties with maturities from five to 30 years or participations in such mortgage loans that are acquired under the MPF Program.

MPF Program: A secondary mortgage market structure that provides liquidity to FHLB members that are PFIs through the purchase or funding by an FHLB of MPF Loans.

MPF Xtra® product: The MPF Program product under which we acquire MPF Loans from PFIs without any CE Amount and concurrently resell them to Fannie Mae.

MRCS: Mandatorily redeemable capital stock. 

NRSRO: Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organization.

Office of Finance: A joint office of the FHLBs established by the Finance Board to facilitate issuing and servicing of consolidated obligations.

OTTI: Other-than-temporary impairment.


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PFI: Participating Financial Institution. A PFI is a member (or eligible housing associate) of an MPF Bank that has applied to and been accepted to do business with its MPF Bank under the MPF Program.

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PMI: Primary Mortgage Insurance.

PwC: PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.

RCAP: Reduced Capitalization Advance Program.

Recorded Investment: Recorded investment in a loan is its amortized cost basis plus related accrued interest receivable, if any. Recorded investment is not net of an allowance for credit losses but is net of any direct charge-off on a loan. Amortized cost basis is defined as either the amount funded or the cost to purchase MPF Loans. Specifically, the amortized cost basis includes the initial fair value amount of the delivery commitment as of the purchase or settlement date, agent fees (i.e., market risk premiums or discounts paid to or received from PFIs), if any, subsequently adjusted, if applicable, for accretion, amortization, collection of cash, charge-offs, and cumulative basis adjustments related to fair value hedges.

Recoverable CE Fee: Under the MPF Program, the PFI may receive a contingent performance based credit enhancement fee whereby such fees are reduced up to the amount of the FLA by losses arising under the Master Commitment.
 
Regulatory capital: Regulatory capital stock plus retained earnings.

Regulatory capital stock: The sum of the paid-in value of capital stock and mandatorily redeemable capital stock.

REO: Real estate owned.

SEC: Securities and Exchange Commission.

SOFR: Secured Overnight Financing Rate.

SMI: Supplemental mortgage insurance.

System or FHLB System: The Federal Home Loan Bank System consisting of the 11 Federal Home Loan Banks and the Office of Finance.

UPB: Unpaid Principal Balance.

U.S.: United States

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Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
     
  FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK OF CHICAGO
     
  /s/    Matthew R. Feldman
  Name: Matthew R. Feldman
  Title: President and Chief Executive Officer
Date:May 8, 20189, 2019(Principal Executive Officer)
     
  /s/   Roger D. Lundstrom
  Name: Roger D. Lundstrom
  Title: Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date:May 8, 20189, 2019(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)


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