SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
ýQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31,
June 30, 2019
  
OR
oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from               to            

Commission File Number 001-33166
algtheaderq417a07.jpg
Allegiant Travel CompanyCompany
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Nevada20-4745737
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)(IRS Employer Identification No.)
  
1201 North Town Center Drive 
Las Vegas,Nevada89144
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)
Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (702) (702) 851-7300


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading SymbolName of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, par value $.001ALGTNASDAQ Stock Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yesý  No o


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yesý  No o


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filerx
Accelerated filero
  
Non-accelerated filero
Smaller reporting companyo
  
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Emerging growth companyo
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  o


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes  o  Noý


The numberAs of July 15, 2019, the registrant had 16,306,083 shares of the registrant’s common stock, outstanding as of the close of business on April 30, 2019 was 16,286,963.$.001 par value per share, outstanding.






Allegiant Travel Company
Form 10-Q
Table of Contents


PART I.FINANCIAL INFORMATION 
   
ITEM 1.
   
ITEM 2.
   
ITEM 3.
   
ITEM 4.
   
PART II.OTHER INFORMATION 
   
ITEM 1.
   
ITEM 1A.
   
ITEM 2.
   
ITEM 3.
   
ITEM 4.
   
ITEM 5.
   
ITEM 6.
   
 




PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION


Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements


ALLEGIANT TRAVEL COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands)


March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
(unaudited)  (unaudited)  
CURRENT ASSETS      
Cash and cash equivalents$243,282
 $81,520
$453,852
 $81,520
Restricted cash14,496
 14,391
14,318
 14,391
Short-term investments286,955
 314,464
216,746
 314,464
Accounts receivable34,209
 36,014
36,100
 36,014
Expendable parts, supplies and fuel, net19,527
 19,516
25,131
 19,516
Prepaid expenses and other current assets35,477
 29,343
34,100
 29,343
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS633,946
 495,248
780,247
 495,248
Property and equipment, net1,940,480
 1,847,268
2,019,774
 1,847,268
Long-term investments24,605
 51,526
24,704
 51,526
Deferred major maintenance, net83,869
 67,873
89,868
 67,873
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net22,788
 
22,233
 
Deposits and other assets44,789
 36,753
45,374
 36,753
TOTAL ASSETS:$2,750,477
 $2,498,668
$2,982,200
 $2,498,668
CURRENT LIABILITIES      
Accounts payable$28,690
 $27,452
$32,097
 $27,452
Accrued liabilities136,075
 122,027
147,483
 122,027
Air traffic liability276,241
 212,230
267,050
 212,230
Current maturities of long-term debt and finance lease obligations, net of related costs154,027
 152,287
160,523
 152,287
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES595,033
 513,996
607,153
 513,996
Long-term debt and finance lease obligations, net of current maturities and related costs1,203,709
 1,119,446
1,338,734
 1,119,446
Deferred income taxes180,136
 164,027
199,689
 164,027
Other noncurrent liabilities33,145
 10,878
32,115
 10,878
TOTAL LIABILITIES:2,012,023
 1,808,347
2,177,691
 1,808,347
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY      
Common stock, par value $.00123
 23
23
 23
Treasury stock(607,316) (605,037)
Treasury shares(605,115) (605,037)
Additional paid in capital276,247
 270,935
280,783
 270,935
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net(190) (661)(4) (661)
Retained earnings1,069,690
 1,025,061
1,128,822
 1,025,061
TOTAL EQUITY:738,454
 690,321
804,509
 690,321
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY:$2,750,477
 $2,498,668
$2,982,200
 $2,498,668
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.




ALLEGIANT TRAVEL COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
 (unaudited)


Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
OPERATING REVENUES:          
Passenger$419,977
 $396,771
$454,779
 $405,572
 $874,755
 $802,343
Third party products17,141

10,325
18,208

17,799
 35,350
 28,124
Fixed fee contracts10,575
 10,556
12,487
 7,653
 23,061
 18,209
Other3,929
 7,792
6,285
 5,756
 10,215
 13,548
Total operating revenues451,622
 425,444
491,759
 436,780
 943,381
 862,224
OPERATING EXPENSES:          
Salary and benefits119,411
 112,963
113,592
 101,645
 233,003
 214,608
Aircraft fuel99,682
 106,027
119,987
 122,454
 219,670
 228,481
Station operations38,965
 37,584
45,870
 41,553
 84,835
 79,137
Maintenance and repairs22,824
 19,270
20,877
 24,611
 43,701
 43,881
Depreciation and amortization36,182
 28,149
38,494
 29,833
 74,676
 57,983
Sales and marketing20,926
 19,078
20,540
 18,348
 41,466
 37,426
Aircraft lease rental
 75
 
 96
Other22,554
 22,405
24,294
 24,039
 46,849
 46,422
Total operating expenses360,544
 345,476
383,654
 362,558
 744,200
 708,034
OPERATING INCOME91,078
 79,968
108,105
 74,222
 199,181
 154,190
OTHER (INCOME) EXPENSES:          
Interest expense18,083
 12,908
20,942
 13,251
 39,025
 26,158
Capitalized interest(1,503) (184)(1,038) (95) (2,541) (278)
Interest income(3,201) (1,907)(3,502) (1,927) (6,703) (3,834)
Loss on debt extinguishment3,677
 

 
 3,677
 
Other, net103
 (240)(86) (50) 15
 (290)
Total other expenses17,159
 10,577
16,316
 11,179
 33,473
 21,756
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES73,919
 69,391
91,789
 63,043
 165,708
 132,434
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES16,795
 14,198
21,246
 13,027
 38,041
 27,225
NET INCOME$57,124
 $55,193
$70,543
 $50,016
 $127,667
 $105,209
Earnings per share to common shareholders:          
Basic$3.52
 $3.43
$4.33
 $3.10
 $7.85
 $6.53
Diluted$3.52
 $3.42
$4.33
 $3.10
 $7.84
 $6.52
Shares used for computation:          
Basic16,011
 15,889
16,063
 15,939
 16,037
 15,898
Diluted16,013
 15,898
16,069
 15,945
 16,050
 15,914
          
Cash dividends declared per share:$0.70
 $0.70
$0.70
 $0.70
 $1.40
 $1.40


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.




ALLEGIANT TRAVEL COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018 2019 2018
NET INCOME$57,124
 $55,193
$70,543
 $50,016
 $127,667
 $105,209
Other comprehensive income (loss): 
  
Other comprehensive income: 
  
    
Change in available for sale securities, net of tax477
 (956)177
 113
 654
 (843)
Foreign currency translation adjustments(6) 101
9
 113
 3
 214
Change in derivatives, net of tax
 (264)
 1,260
 
��996
Total other comprehensive income (loss)471
 (1,119)
Total other comprehensive income186
 1,486
 657
 367
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME$57,595
 $54,074
$70,729
 $51,502
 $128,324
 $105,576


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.




ALLEGIANT TRAVEL COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
      Accumulated      Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Common   Additional other     Total      Accumulated      
stock Par paid-in comprehensive Retained Treasury shareholders'Common   Additional other     Total
outstanding value capital income (loss) earnings shares equitystock Par paid-in comprehensive Retained Treasury shareholders'
Balance at December 31, 201816,183
 $23
 $270,935
 $(661) $1,025,061
 $(605,037) $690,321
outstanding value capital income (loss) earnings shares equity
Balance at March 31, 201916,284
 $23

$276,247

$(190)
$1,069,690

$(607,316)
$738,454
Share-based compensation118
 
 5,312
 
 
 
 5,312
6
 
 4,536
 
 
 
 4,536
Shares repurchased by the Company and held as treasury shares(17) 
 
 
 
 (2,279) (2,279)(5) 
 
 
 
 (730) (730)
Cash dividends declared, $0.70 per share
 
 
 
 (11,394) 
 (11,394)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
 471
 (551) 
 (80)
Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan20
 
 
 
 
 2,931
 2,931
Cash dividends, $0.70 per share
 
 
 
 (11,411) 
 (11,411)
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 186
 
 
 186
Net income
 
 
 
 57,124
 
 57,124

 
 
 
 70,543
 
 70,543
Cumulative effect of the New Lease Standard (see Note 5)
 
 
 
 (550) 
 (550)
Balance at March 31, 201916,284
 $23
 $276,247
 $(190) $1,069,690
 $(607,316) $738,454
Balance at June 30, 201916,305
 $23
 $280,783
 $(4) $1,128,822
 $(605,115) $804,509


       Accumulated      
 Common   Additional other     Total
 stock Par paid-in comprehensive Retained Treasury shareholders'
 outstanding value capital income (loss) earnings shares equity
Balance at December 31, 201716,066
 $23
 $253,840
 $(2,840) $907,943
 $(605,655) $553,311
Share-based compensation98
 
 5,385
 
 
 
 5,385
Shares repurchased by the Company and held as treasury shares(13) 
 
 
 
 (2,233) (2,233)
Cash dividends declared, $0.70 per share
 
 
 
 (11,295) 
 (11,295)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
 (1,119) 562
 
 (557)
Net income
 
 
 
 55,193
 
 55,193
Balance at March 31, 201816,151
 $23
 $259,225
 $(3,959) $952,403
 $(607,888) $599,804
 Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
       Accumulated      
 Common   Additional other     Total
 stock Par paid-in comprehensive Retained Treasury shareholders'
 outstanding value capital income (loss) earnings shares equity
Balance at December 31, 201816,183
 $23
 $270,935
 $(661) $1,025,061
 $(605,037) $690,321
Share-based compensation124
 
 9,848
 
 
 
 9,848
Shares repurchased by the Company and held as treasury shares(22) 
 
 
 
 (3,009) (3,009)
Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan20
 
 
 
 
 2,931
 2,931
Cash dividends, $1.40 per share
 
 
 
 (22,805) 
 (22,805)
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 657
 (551) 
 106
Net income
 
 
 
 127,667
 
 127,667
Cumulative effect of the New Lease Standard (see Note 5)
 
 
 
 (550) 
 (550)
Balance at June 30, 201916,305
 $23
 $280,783
 $(4) $1,128,822
 $(605,115) $804,509





 Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
       Accumulated      
 Common   Additional other     Total
 stock Par paid-in comprehensive Retained Treasury shareholders'
 outstanding value capital income (loss) earnings shares equity
Balance at March 31, 201816,151
 $23
 $259,225
 $(3,959) $952,403
 $(607,888) $599,804
Share-based compensation
 
 3,809
 
 
 
 3,809
Issuance of common stock, net of forfeitures5
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares repurchased by the Company and held as treasury shares(5) 
 
 
 
 (761) (761)
Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan10
 
 
 
 
 1,624
 1,624
Cash dividends, $0.70 per share
 
 
 
 (11,310) 
 (11,310)
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 1,486
 
 
 1,486
Net income
 
 
 
 50,016
 
 50,016
Balance at June 30, 201816,161
 $23
 $263,034
 $(2,473) $991,109
 $(607,025) $644,668

 Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
       Accumulated      
 Common   Additional other     Total
 stock Par paid-in comprehensive Retained Treasury shareholders'
 outstanding value capital income (loss) earnings shares equity
Balance at December 31, 201716,066
 $23
 $253,840
 $(2,840) $907,943
 $(605,655) $553,311
Share-based compensation98
 
 9,194
 
 
 
 9,194
Issuance of common stock, net of forfeitures5
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares repurchased by the Company and held as treasury shares(18) 
 
 
 
 (2,994) (2,994)
Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan10
 
 
 
 
 1,624
 1,624
Cash dividends, $1.40 per share
 
 
 
 (22,605) 
 (22,605)
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 367
 562
 
 929
Net income
 
 
 
 105,209
 
 105,209
Balance at June 30, 201816,161
 $23
 $263,034
 $(2,473) $991,109
 $(607,025) $644,668





The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.






ALLEGIANT TRAVEL COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)


Three Months Ended March 31,Six Months Ended June 30,
2019 20182019 2018
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:      
Net income$57,124
 $55,193
$127,667
 $105,209
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization36,182
 28,149
74,676
 57,983
Gain on aircraft and other equipment disposals(6,696) (132)(8,294) (1,491)
Share-based compensation expense4,538
 3,796
9,128
 6,106
Deferred income taxes16,103
 12,735
35,634
 25,241
Other adjustments4,971
 1,080
5,199
 1,237
Changes in certain assets and liabilities:      
Accounts receivable1,805
 6,713
(86) 46,873
Prepaid expenses(5,988) (4,439)(4,257) (10,516)
Accounts payable(368) 9,959
4,449
 7,631
Accrued liabilities7,877
 14,267
14,681
 20,859
Air traffic liability64,011
 52,474
54,820
 32,633
Deferred major maintenance(18,376) (4,476)(31,591) (7,841)
Other assets/liabilities(1,086) (2,392)(4,514) (689)
Net cash provided by operating activities160,097
 172,927
277,512
 283,235
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:      
Purchase of investment securities(68,447) (93,933)(130,627) (168,923)
Proceeds from maturities of investment securities124,472
 97,224
258,076
 199,294
Purchase of property and equipment, including capitalized interest(122,551) (69,167)(234,469) (187,456)
Other investing activities6,973
 521
10,201
 (1,468)
Net cash used in investing activities(59,553) (65,355)(96,819) (158,553)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:      
Cash dividends paid to shareholders(11,394) (11,295)(22,805) (22,605)
Proceeds from the issuance of debt494,000
 
770,435
 10,797
Principal payments on debt and finance lease obligations(386,329) (102,914)(522,616) (142,399)
Debt issuance costs(30,060) (176)(30,759) (409)
Other financing activities(4,894) (679)(2,689) 1,529
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities61,323
 (115,064)191,566
 (153,087)
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash161,867
 (7,492)372,259
 (28,405)
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD95,911
 70,639
95,911
 70,639
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH AT END OF PERIOD$257,778
 $63,147
$468,170
 $42,234
      
CASH PAYMENTS (RECEIPTS) FOR:      
Interest paid, net of amount capitalized$20,924
 $17,902
$36,886
 $24,370
Income tax (refunds)/payments$(4,490) $37
Income tax refunds(3,340) (41,284)
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NONCASH TRANSACTIONS:      
Property capitalized under operating leases$23,320
 $
23,320
 
Flight equipment acquired under finance leases$
 $77,162

 102,609






The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.






ALLEGIANT TRAVEL COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)


Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies


Basis of Presentation


The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Allegiant Travel Company (the “Company”) and its majority-owned operating subsidiaries. The Company has no independent assets or operations, and all guarantees of the Company's publicly held debt are full and unconditional and joint and several. Any subsidiaries of the parent company other than the subsidiary guarantors are minor. The Company's investments in unconsolidated affiliates, which are 50 percent or less owned, are accounted for under the equity or cost method. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.


These unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments which management believes are necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows of the Company for the respective periods presented. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year financial statements to conform to classifications used in the current year. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP") have been omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission for Form 10-Q. These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company and notes thereto included in the annual report of the Company on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.


The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from these estimates.


Recent Accounting Pronouncements


Recently Adopted Standards


In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), (the "New Lease Standard"). This standard requires leases, other than short-term, to be recognized on the balance sheet as a lease liability and a corresponding right-of-use asset.


Lease payments include fixed payments, variable payments based on an index or rate, reasonably certain purchase options, termination penalties, and others as required by the standard. Lease payments do not include variable lease payments other than those that depend on an index or rate, any guarantee by the lessee of the lessor’s debt, or any amount allocated to non-lease components. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and the Company adopted the New Lease Standard as of January 1, 2019. The Company also elected the package of practical expedients, which among other things, does not require reassessment of lease classification.


The Company adopted the New Lease Standard using the modified retrospective transition approach as of the effective date as permitted by the amendments in ASU 2018-11, "Targeted Improvements - Leases (Topic 842)." Under this method, the cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings is recognized at the adoption date. As a result, the Company was not required to adjust its comparative period financial information for effects of the standard or make the new required lease disclosures for periods before the date of adoption on January 1, 2019.


The Company's consolidated balance sheet was affected by this standard, but the consolidated statement of income and liquidity were not significantly impacted. The most significant change to the consolidated balance sheet upon adoption on January 1, 2019 relates to the recognition of new right-of-use (ROU) assets of $18.0 million and operating liabilities of $19.1 million. The Company's accounting for finance leases remains substantially unchanged.


See Note 5, "Leases," for more information.



Note 2 — Revenue Recognition



Passenger Revenue


Passenger revenue is the most significant category in our reported operating revenues. Passenger revenue is primarily composed of scheduled service revenue (includes(including passenger ticket sales and credit voucher breakage), revenue from ancillary air-related charges (includes(including seat fees, baggage fees, and other travel-related services performed in conjunction with a passenger’s flight), as well as co-brand credit card point redemptions, as outlined below:


 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)2019 2018 2019 2018
Scheduled service$237,685
 $235,746
 $472,456
 $474,267
Ancillary air-related charges213,527
 167,630
 395,227
 322,347
Co-brand redemptions3,567
 2,196
 7,072
 5,729
Total passenger revenue$454,779
 $405,572
 $874,755
 $802,343

 Three Months Ended March,
(in thousands)2019 2018
Scheduled service$234,772
 $238,520
Ancillary air-related charges181,700
 154,717
Co-brand redemptions3,505
 3,534
Total passenger revenue$419,977
 $396,771


Sales of passenger tickets not yet flown are recorded in air traffic liability. Passenger revenue is recognized when transportation is provided or when ticket voucher breakage occurs, to the extent different from estimated breakage.


The contract term of passenger tickets is 12twelve months and revenue associated with future travel will principally be recognized within this time frame. $175.7During the six months ended June 30, 2019, $204.8 million was recognized into passenger revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2019 that was recorded in the air traffic liability balance of $212.2 million at December 31, 2018.


Co-brand redemptions


In relation to the travel component of the contract with Bank of America, the Company has a performance obligation to provide cardholders with points to be used for future travel award redemptions. Therefore, consideration received from Bank of America related to the travel component is deferred based on its relative selling price and is recognized into passenger revenue when the points are redeemed and the transportation is provided.


The following table presents the activity of the co-brand point liability as of the dates indicated:
 Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)2019 2018
Balance at January 1$10,708
 $8,903
Points awarded (deferral of revenue)8,827
 6,898
Points redeemed (recognition of revenue)(7,072) (5,730)
Balance at June 30$12,463
 $10,071

 Three Months Ended March,
(in thousands)2019 2018
Balance at January 1$10,708
 $8,903
Points awarded (deferral of revenue)4,164
 3,233
Points redeemed (recognition of revenue)(3,505) (3,534)
Balance at March 31$11,367
 $8,602


As of March 31,June 30, 2019 and March 31, 2018, $8.9$9.8 million and $5.7$6.9 million, respectively, of the current points liability is reflected in Accrued liabilities and represents our current estimate of revenue to be recognized in the next twelve months based on historical trends, with the remaining balance reflected in Other noncurrent liabilities expected to be recognized into revenue in periods thereafter.






Note 3 — Property and Equipment


Property and equipment (in thousands):equipment:


(in thousands)As of June 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
Flight equipment, including pre-delivery deposits$2,089,440
 $1,905,157
Computer hardware and software149,354
 140,385
Land and buildings/leasehold improvements85,939
 85,925
Other property and equipment121,285
 89,778
Total property and equipment2,446,018
 2,221,245
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization(426,244) (373,977)
Property and equipment, net$2,019,774
 $1,847,268

 As of March 31, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
Flight equipment, including pre-delivery deposits$2,002,777
 $1,905,157
Computer hardware and software143,369
 140,385
Land and buildings/leasehold improvements85,925
 85,925
Other property and equipment106,159
 89,778
Total property and equipment2,338,230
 2,221,245
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization(397,750) (373,977)
Property and equipment, net$1,940,480
 $1,847,268


Note 4 — Long-Term Debt


Long-term debt and finance lease obligations (in thousands):obligations:


(in thousands)As of June 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
Fixed-rate debt and finance lease obligations due through 2029(1) (2)
$321,646
 $640,806
Variable-rate debt due through 20291,177,611
 630,927
Total long-term debt and finance lease obligations, net of related costs1,499,257
 1,271,733
Less current maturities, net of related costs(1)
160,523
 152,287
Long-term debt and finance lease obligations, net of current maturities and related costs$1,338,734
 $1,119,446
    
Weighted average fixed-interest rate on debt4.7% 5.3%
Weighted average variable-interest rate on debt5.1% 4.2%
 As of March 31, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
Fixed-rate debt and finance lease obligations due through 2030 (1) (2)
$325,353
 $640,806
Variable-rate debt due through 20281,032,383
 630,927
Total long-term debt and finance lease obligations, net of related costs1,357,736
 1,271,733
Less current maturities, net of related costs (1)
154,027
 152,287
Long-term debt and finance lease obligations, net of current maturities and related costs$1,203,709
 $1,119,446
    
Weighted average fixed-interest rate on debt3.9% 5.3%
Weighted average variable-interest rate on debt5.5% 4.2%

(1) As of March 31,June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively, $80.1 million and $428.0 million of the Company's Unsecured Senior Notes were classified as long-term as management refinanced the borrowings on a long-term basis in February 2019, as discussed below. 
(2) Includes finance lease obligations secured by five A320 series aircraft.


Maturities of long-term debt and finance lease obligations for the remainder of 2019 and for the next four years and thereafter, in the aggregate, are: remaining in 2019 - $196.2$168.1 million; 2020 - $124.0$138.9 million; 2021 - $144.4$133.4 million; 2022 - $70.1$113.9 million; 2023 - $57.2$100.9 million; and $765.8$844.1 million thereafter.


Consolidated Variable Interest Entity

The Company evaluates ownership, contractual lease arrangements and other interests in entities to determine if they are variable interest entities ("VIEs") based on the nature and extent of those interests. These evaluations can be complex and involve judgment and the use of estimates and assumptions based on available historical information and management’s judgment, among other factors. The Company consolidates a VIE when, among other criteria, it has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance as well as the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE, thus making the Company the primary beneficiary of the VIE.


In March 2019, the Company, through a wholly owned subsidiary, entered into agreements with a trust to borrow $44.0 million secured by one Airbus A320 series aircraft. The trust was funded on inception. These borrowings bear interest at a blended rate of 3.8 percent, payable in quarterly installments through MarchApril 2029, at which time the Company will have a purchase option at a fixed amount. As this transaction is a common control transaction, the Company, as the primary beneficiary, has measured and recorded the assets and liabilities at their carrying values, which were $39.1 million and $44.0 million, respectively, at the time of borrowing.




Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility


The Company has a senior secured revolving credit facility under which it is able to borrow up to $81.0 million, and $46.9 million is outstandingmillion. There was no balance under this facility as of March 31,June 30, 2019. The facility has a current term of 24 months and is based on the value of Airbus A320 series aircraft placed in the collateral pool. Aircraft may remain in the collateral pool for up to two years, and, as of March 31,June 30, 2019, there were ninefour aircraft in the collateral pool.



Secured Debt

In June 2019, the Company entered into an agreement to borrow $213.0 million secured by 23 aircraft. The notesborrowing bears interest at a floating rate based on LIBOR, and is payable in quarterly installments over five years. A portion of the proceeds was used for the amountsprepayment of six existing debt agreements and the repayment of the outstanding balance on the senior secured revolving credit facility.

During the second quarter 2019, the Company borrowed a total of $63.4 million under the facilitymultiple loan agreements secured by spare engines. The borrowings bear interest at a floating rate based on LIBOR, and are due on March 31, 2021.payable in quarterly installments, with terms ranging from seven to ten years.


Term Loan


In February 2019, the Company entered into a Credit and Guaranty Agreement (the “Term Loan”) to borrow $450.0 million, guaranteed by all of the Company's subsidiaries, excluding Sunseeker Resorts Inc. and its subsidiaries, and other insignificant subsidiaries (the "Term Loan Guarantors"). The Term Loan is secured by substantially all property and assets of the Company and the Term Loan Guarantors, excluding aircraft and aircraft engines, and excluding certain other assets. The Term Loan has a five-year term, bears interest based on LIBOR and provides for quarterly interest payments along with quarterly principal payments of $1.1 million through February 2024, at which time the Term Loan is due. The Term Loan may be prepaid at any time without penalty.


In connection with the Term Loan, the Company conducted a tender offer for its 5.5 percent senior unsecured obligation, as outlined below.


General Unsecured Senior Notes


In June 2014,Since December 2016 and until February 2019, the Company completed an offering of $300.0had outstanding $450.0 million aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured obligations (the "Notes") which will mature in July 2019. In December 2016, the Company completed an offering of an additional $150.0 million principal amount of these notes, which were issued at a price of 101.5 percent of the principal amount, plus accrued interest from July 15, 2016. The Notes bearbore interest at a rate of 5.5 percent per year payableand matured in cash semi-annually, on January 15th and July 15th of each year.2019.


In connection with the Term Loan discussed above, the Company completed a tender offer in February 2019, whereby it purchased $347.9 million of the Notes, and incurred related debt extinguishment costs of $3.7 million. The indenture governing the Notes was amended to eliminate most of the restrictive covenants and certain events of default reduce the minimum notice period required for redemptions of the Notes from 30 days as previously required by the indenture to three business days, and amend certain other provisions applicable to the Notes. The $428.0 million net proceeds from the Term Loan have been, or will be,were used to purchase the Notes. The Company expects to callNotes, of which the remaining balance of the Notes$102.1 million outstanding at June 30, 2019 was paid at maturity in advance of their July 2019 maturity.2019.


Construction Loan Agreement


In March 2019, Sunseeker Florida, Inc. (“SFI”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a Construction Loan Agreement with certain lenders affiliated with TPG Sixth Street Partners, LLC (the “Lender”). Under the Construction Loan Agreement, SFI may borrow up to $175.0 million (the “Loan”) to fund the construction of Phase 1 of Sunseeker Resort -Charlotte Harbor (the “Project”). No amount has been drawn under this agreement as of March 31,June 30, 2019.


Under the Construction Loan Agreement, the Lender is to provide the final $175.0 million of funding for the Project, with initial funding to come from the Company. The loan is secured by the Project and, for a period of time, the surrounding land owned by SFI. The Company has guaranteed one-third of the debt, has agreed to bear responsibility under a Non-Recourse Carve-Out Guaranty, and has agreed to guarantee completion of the Project in accordance with approved plans and specifications. All of the shares in SFI are also pledged to secure the loan. The Loan bears interest based on LIBOR and matures in March 2023.


Note 5 — Leases


The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception and has lease agreements for office facilities, office equipment, certain airport and terminal facilities, and other space and assets. These commitments have remaining non-cancelable lease terms, with lease expirations which range from 2019 to 2036.



As a result of the New Lease Standard, certain real estate and property leases, and various other operating leases have been measured on the balance sheet with a lease liability and right-of-use asset ("ROU"). Airport terminal leases mostly include

variable lease payments outside of those based on a fixed index, and are therefore excluded from consideration.

Application of this standard resulted in the recognition of $23.3 million in ROU assets and a corresponding lease liability of $24.2 million (with $22.0 million classified as long-term within Other non-current liabilities and the remainder classified as short-term within Accrued liabilities) as of March 31, 2019. Accounting for finance leases is substantially unchanged.


Operating leases are included in operating lease ROU assets, accrued liabilities, and other noncurrent liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, current maturities of long-term debt and finance leases, and long-term debt and finance leases, net of current maturities, on the consolidated balance sheets. ROU assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make scheduled lease payments. ROU assets and liabilities are recognized on the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The present value of lease payments is calculated using the incremental borrowing rate at lease commencement, which takes into consideration recent debt issuances as well as other applicable market data available.


Lease terms include options to extend when it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised. Leases with a term of 12twelve months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. Additionally, lease and non-lease components are accounted for as a single lease component for real estate agreements.


In addition to operating leases, the Company leases certain aircraft and, as of March 31,June 30, 2019, had five aircraft under finance leases with remaining terms to 2029.

See Note 8, Commitments and Contingencies, for further detail.


Lease Costs


The components of lease expense were as follows:


  Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
(in thousands)Classification on the Statements of IncomeJune 30, 2019 June 30, 2019
Finance lease costs:    
Amortization of assetsDepreciation and amortization$1,629
 $3,259
Interest on lease liabilitiesInterest expense1,326
 2,672
Operating lease costStation operations; Maintenance and repairs; Other operating expense805
 1,581
Variable lease costStation operations; Maintenance and repairs; Other operating expense2,703
 5,797
Total lease cost $6,463
 $13,309

  Three Months Ended
(in thousands)Classification on the Statements of IncomeMarch 31, 2019
Finance lease costs:  
Amortization of assetsDepreciation and amortization$1,629
Interest on lease liabilitiesInterest expense1,346
Operating lease costStation operations; Maintenance and repairs; Other operating expense775
Variable lease costStation operations; Maintenance and repairs; Other operating expense3,092
Total lease cost $6,842


Lease position as of March 31,June 30, 2019


The table below presents the lease-related assets and liabilities recorded on the balance sheet.




  As of
(in thousands)Classification on the Balance SheetJune 30, 2019
Assets  
Operating lease assetsOperating lease right-of-use assets, net$22,233
Finance lease assetsProperty and equipment, net114,924
Total lease assets $137,157
   
Liabilities  
Current  
OperatingAccrued liabilities$2,240
FinanceCurrent maturities of long-term debt and finance lease obligations7,499
Noncurrent  
OperatingOther noncurrent liabilities21,476
FinanceLong-term debt and finance lease obligations111,805
Total lease liabilities $143,020
   
Weighted-average remaining lease term  
Operating leases 9.3 years
Finance leases 10.4 years
Weighted-average discount rate  
Operating leases 4.2%
Finance leases 4.4%

(in thousands)Classification on the Balance SheetAs of March 31, 2019
Assets  
Operating lease assetsOperating lease right-of-use assets, net$22,788
Finance lease assetsProperty and equipment, net116,553
Total lease assets $139,341
   
Liabilities  
Current  
OperatingAccrued liabilities$2,101
FinanceCurrent maturities of long-term debt and finance lease obligations7,417
Noncurrent  
OperatingOther noncurrent liabilities22,049
FinanceLong-term debt and finance lease obligations113,710
Total lease liabilities $145,277
   
Weighted-average remaining lease term  
Operating leases 9.5 years
Finance leases 10.6 years
Weighted-average discount rate  
Operating leases 4.2%
Finance leases 4.4%


Other Information


The table below presents supplemental cash flow information related to leases during the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2019.


 Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
(in thousands)June 30, 2019 June 30, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities   
Operating cash flows for operating leases$643
 1,272
Operating cash flows for finance leases1,326
 2,672
Financing cash flows for finance leases1,824
 3,628

 Three Months Ended
(in thousands)March 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities 
Operating cash flows for operating leases$629
Operating cash flows for finance leases1,346
Financing cash flows for finance leases1,804


Maturities of Lease Liabilities


The table below indicates the future minimum payments of lease liabilities as of March 31,June 30, 2019.




(in thousands)Operating Leases Finance Leases
Remaining in 2019$1,586
 $6,300
20203,206
 12,600
20213,249
 12,600
20223,294
 11,095
20233,147
 10,500
Thereafter14,325
 103,459
Total lease payments28,807
 156,554
Less imputed interest(5,091) (37,250)
Total lease obligations23,716
 119,304
Less current obligations(2,240) (7,499)
Long-term lease obligations$21,476
 $111,805

(in thousands)Operating Leases Finance Leases
Remaining in 2019$2,269
 $9,450
20203,206
 12,600
20213,249
 12,600
20223,295
 11,095
20233,147
 10,500
Thereafter14,325
 103,458
Total lease payments29,491
 159,703
Less imputed interest(5,341) (38,576)
Total lease obligations24,150
 121,127
Less current obligations(2,101) (7,417)
Long-term lease obligations$22,049
 $113,710


The Company adopted the New Lease Standard on January 1, 2019 as noted above, and as required, the following disclosure is provided for periods prior to adoption. Future annual minimum lease payments as of December 31, 2018 were as follows:


(in thousands)Operating Leases Capital Leases
2019$8,102
 $12,600
20206,031
 12,600
20213,643
 12,600
20221,630
 11,095
20231,626
 10,500
Thereafter8,297
 103,458
Total lease payments$29,329
 162,853
Less imputed interest  (39,922)
Total lease obligations  122,931
Less current obligations  (7,336)
Long-term lease obligations  $115,595

(in thousands)Operating Leases Capital Leases
2019$8,102
 $12,600
20206,031
 12,600
20213,643
 12,600
20221,630
 11,095
20231,626
 10,500
Thereafter8,297
 103,458
Total lease payments$29,329
 162,853
Less imputed interest  (39,922)
Total lease obligations  122,931
Less current obligations  (7,336)
Long-term lease obligations  $115,595




Note 6 — Fair Value Measurements


The Company measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received by selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants.


Accounting standards pertaining to fair value measurements establish a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2, defined as inputs other than Level 1 inputs that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.


The Company uses the market approach valuation technique to determine fair value for investment securities. The assets classified as Level 1 consist of money market funds for which original cost approximates fair value. The assets classified as Level 2 consist of commercial paper, municipal debt securities, federal agency debt securities, US Treasury Bonds, and corporate debt securities, which are valued using quoted market prices or alternative pricing sources including transactions involving identical or comparable assets and models utilizing market observable inputs. The Company has no investment securities classified as Level 3.


For those assets classified as Level 2 that are not in active markets, the Company obtains fair value from pricing sources using quoted market prices for identical or comparable instruments, and uses pricing models which include all significant observable


inputs: maturity dates, issue dates, settlement dates, benchmark yields, reported trades, broker-dealer quotes, issue spreads, benchmark securities, bids, offers and other market related data. These inputs are observable or can be derived from, or corroborated by, observable market data for substantially the full term of the asset.


Financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):basis:
As of March 31, 2019 As of December 31, 2018As of June 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
Total Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2
(in thousands)Total Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2
Cash equivalents                      
Money market funds$125,394
 $125,394
 $
 $43,281
 $43,281
 $
$310,550
 $310,550
 $
 $43,281
 $43,281
 $
Commercial paper80,760
 
 80,760
 29,138
 
 29,138
110,429
 
 110,429
 29,138
 
 29,138
Municipal debt securities3,792
 
 3,792
 
 
 

2,408
 
 2,408
 
 
 
US Treasury Bonds880
 
 880
 1,415
 
 1,415
Federal agency debt securities950
 
 950
 
 
 
US Treasury bonds
 
 
 1,415
 
 1,415
Total cash equivalents210,826
 125,394
 85,432
 73,834
 43,281
 30,553
424,337
 310,550
 113,787
 73,834
 43,281
 30,553
Short-term 
  
    
  
  
 
  
    
  
  
Commercial paper182,608
 
 182,608
 180,846
 
 180,846
138,332
 
 138,332
 180,846
 
 180,846
Corporate debt securities74,331
 
 74,331
 101,489
 
 101,489
55,729
 
 55,729
 101,489
 
 101,489
Federal agency debt securities10,504
 
 10,504
 11,887
 
 11,887
Municipal debt securities13,927
 
 13,927
 14,252
 
 14,252
7,450
 
 7,450
 14,252
 
 14,252
Federal agency debt securities11,367
 
 11,367
 11,887
 
 11,887
US Treasury Bonds4,722
 
 4,722
 5,990
 
 5,990
US Treasury bonds4,731
 
 4,731
 5,990
 
 5,990
Total short-term286,955
 
 286,955
 314,464
 
 314,464
216,746
 
 216,746
 314,464
 
 314,464
Long-term 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
Corporate debt securities20,300
 
 20,300
 37,334
 
 37,334
20,367
 
 20,367
 37,334
 
 37,334
US Treasury Bonds3,050
 
 3,050
 2,901
 
 2,901
US Treasury bonds3,068
 
 3,068
 2,901
 
 2,901
Federal agency debt securities1,255
 
 1,255
 11,291
 
 11,291
1,269
 
 1,269
 11,291
 
 11,291
Total long-term24,605
 
 24,605
 51,526
 
 51,526
24,704
 
 24,704
 51,526
 
 51,526
Total financial instruments$522,386
 $125,394
 $396,992
 $439,824
 $43,281
 $396,543
$665,787
 $310,550
 $355,237
 $439,824
 $43,281
 $396,543


The fair value of the Company’s publicly held long-term debt is determined based on inputs that are readily available in public markets or can be derived from information available in publicly quoted markets; therefore, the Company has categorized its publicly held debt as Level 2. The Company's remaining debt is not publicly held, and the Company has determined the estimated fair value of these notes to be Level 3, as certain inputs used to determine the fair value are unobservable and, therefore, could be sensitive to changes in inputs. The Company utilizes the discounted cash flow method to estimate the fair value of Level 3 debt.


Carrying value and estimated fair value of long-term debt, including current maturities and without reduction for related costs are as follows (in thousands):follows:


 As of June 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2018  
(in thousands)Carrying Value Estimated Fair Value Carrying Value Estimated Fair Value Hierarchy Level
Publicly held debt$102,090
 $102,154
 $450,463
 $451,026
 2
Non-publicly held debt1,303,593
 1,098,068
 703,372
 619,379
 3
Total long-term debt$1,405,683
 $1,200,222
 $1,153,835
 $1,070,405
  

 As of March 31, 2019 As of December 31, 2018  
 Carrying Value Estimated Fair Value Carrying Value Estimated Fair Value Hierarchy Level
Publicly held debt$102,133
 $102,389
 $450,463
 $451,026
 2
Non-publicly held debt1,160,772
 937,134
 703,372
 619,379
 3
Total long-term debt$1,262,905
 $1,039,523
 $1,153,835
 $1,070,405
  


Due to the short-term nature, carrying amounts of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value.




Note 7 — Earnings per Share


Basic and diluted earnings per share are computed pursuant to the two-class method. Under this method, the Company attributes net income to two classes: common stock and unvested restricted stock. Unvested restricted stock awards granted to employees under the Company’s Long-Term Incentive Plan are considered participating securities as they receive non-forfeitable rights to cash dividends at the same rate as common stock.


Diluted net income per share is calculated using the more dilutive of the two methods. Under both methods, the exercise of employee stock options is assumed using the treasury stock method. The assumption of vesting of restricted stock, however, differs:


1.Assume vesting of restricted stock using the treasury stock method.


2.Assume unvested restricted stock awards are not vested, and allocate earnings to common shares and unvested restricted stock awards using the two-class method.


For the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, the second method, which assumes unvested awards are not vested, was used in the computation because it was more dilutive than the first method.


The following table sets forth the computation of net income per share, on a basic and diluted basis, for the periods indicated (share count and dollar amounts other than per-share amounts in table are in thousands):


 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Basic:       
Net income$70,543
 $50,016
 $127,667
 $105,209
Less net income allocated to participating securities(997) (659) (1,791) (1,427)
Net income attributable to common stock$69,546
 $49,357
 $125,876
 $103,782
Earnings per share, basic$4.33
 $3.10
 $7.85
 $6.53
Weighted-average shares outstanding16,063
 15,939
 16,037
 15,898
Diluted: 
  
  
  
Net income$70,543
 $50,016
 $127,667
 $105,209
Less net income allocated to participating securities(996) (658) (1,790) (1,425)
Net income attributable to common stock$69,547
 $49,358
 $125,877
 $103,784
Earnings per share, diluted$4.33
 $3.10
 $7.84
 $6.52
Weighted-average shares outstanding16,063
 15,939
 16,037
 15,898
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock39
 44
 39
 63
Adjusted weighted-average shares outstanding under treasury stock method16,102
 15,983
 16,076
 15,961
Participating securities excluded under two-class method(33) (38) (26) (47)
Adjusted weighted-average shares outstanding under two-class method16,069
 15,945
 16,050
 15,914

 Three Months Ended March 31,
 2019 2018
Basic:   
Net income$57,124
 $55,193
Less net income allocated to participating securities(799) (768)
Net income attributable to common stock$56,325
 $54,425
Earnings per share, basic$3.52
 $3.43
Weighted-average shares outstanding16,011
 15,889
Diluted: 
  
Net income$57,124
 $55,193
Less net income allocated to participating securities(798) (768)
Net income attributable to common stock$56,326
 $54,425
Earnings per share, diluted$3.52
 $3.42
Weighted-average shares outstanding16,011
 15,889
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock31
 46
Adjusted weighted-average shares outstanding under treasury stock method16,042
 15,935
Participating securities excluded under two-class method(29) (37)
Adjusted weighted-average shares outstanding under two-class method16,013
 15,898


For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, anti-dilutive shares excluded from the calculation of earnings per share were 4,046 shares and 1,463 shares (not in thousands).


Note 8 — Commitments and Contingencies


As of March 31,June 30, 2019, the Company had firm commitments to purchase twelvenine Airbus A320 series aircraft and fourone CFM engines.engine.




The Company's contractual purchase commitments consist primarily of aircraft and engine acquisitions. The total future commitments are as follows (in thousands):follows:


(in thousands)As of June 30, 2019
Remaining in 2019$120,927
202033,800
2021500
202218,000
Total commitments$173,227

 As of March 31, 2019
Remaining in 2019$198,110
202033,800
2021500
202218,000
Total commitments$250,410


Contingencies


The Company is subject to certain legal and administrative actions it considers routine to its business activities. The Company believes the ultimate outcome of any pending legal or administrative matters will not have a material adverse impact on its financial position, liquidity or results of operations.


Note 9 — Segments


Operating segments are components of a company for which separate financial and operating information is regularly evaluated and reported to the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"), and is used to allocate resources and analyze performance. The Company's CODM is the executive leadership team, which reviews information about the Company's three operating segments: the Airline, Sunseeker Resort, and Other non-airline.


Airline Segment


The Airline segment operates as a single business unit and includes all scheduled service air transportation, ancillary air-related products and services, third party products and services, fixed fee contract air transportation and other airline-related revenue. The CODM evaluation includes, but is not limited to, route and flight profitability data, ancillary and third party product and service offering statistics, and fixed fee contract information when making resource allocation decisions with the goal of optimizing consolidated financial results.


Sunseeker Resort Segment


The Sunseeker Resort segment represents activity related to the development and construction of Sunseeker Resort in Southwest Florida, as well as the operation of Kingsway golf course. Plans for the resort include a 500-room hotel and two towers offering an estimated 180 one, two and three bedroom suites, bar and restaurant options, and other amenities. The golf course is a short drive from the resort site and is considered, from a planning and strategic perspective, to be an additional resort amenity. The construction of Sunseeker Resort is an extension of the Company's leisure travel focus and it is expected that many customers flying to Southwest Florida on Allegiant will elect to stay at this resort and enjoy its amenities.


Other non-Airline Segment


The other non-airline segment includes the Teesnap golf course management solution and Allegiant Nonstop family entertainment centers, both of which fit with the Company's leisure focus.centers. Allegiant Nonstop family entertainment centers are comprised of games, attractions, and food facilities.


Selected information for the Company's segments and the reconciliation to the consolidated financial statement amounts are as follows (in thousands):follows:





Airline Sunseeker Resort Other non- airline Consolidated
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019       
Operating revenue:       
Passenger$419,977
 $
 $
 $419,977
Third party products17,141
 
 
 17,141
Fixed fee contract10,575
 
 
 10,575
Other631
 902
 2,396
 3,929
Operating income (loss)98,490
 (1,222) (6,190) 91,078
Interest expense, net of capitalized interest and interest income13,221
 158
 
 13,379
Depreciation and amortization35,229
 156
 797
 36,182
Total assets, end of period2,640,003
 68,742
 41,732
 2,750,477
Capital expenditures108,920
 5,275
 8,356
 122,551
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018       
(in thousands)Airline Sunseeker Resort Other non- airline Consolidated
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019       
Operating revenue:              
Passenger$396,771
 $
 $
 $396,771
$454,779
 $
 $
 $454,779
Third party products10,325
 
 
 10,325
18,208
 
 
 18,208
Fixed fee contract10,556
 
 
 10,556
12,487
 
 
 12,487
Other6,666
 
 1,126
 7,792
1,299
 373
 4,613
 6,285
Operating income (loss)81,950
 (145) (1,837) 79,968
115,546
 (1,695) (5,746) 108,105
Interest expense, net10,817
 
 
 10,817
15,924
 478
 
 16,402
Depreciation and amortization27,766
 7
 376
 28,149
36,890
 326
 1,278
 38,494
Total assets, end of period2,248,340
 33,910
 6,715
 2,288,965
Capital expenditures59,574
 8,140
 1,453
 69,167
98,128
 11,296
 2,494
 111,918
Three Months Ended June 30, 2018       
Operating revenue:       
Passenger$405,572
 $
 $
 $405,572
Third party products17,799
 
 
 17,799
Fixed fee contract7,653
 
 
 7,653
Other3,531
 
 2,225
 5,756
Operating income (loss)76,054
 (301) (1,531) 74,222
Interest expense, net11,229
 
 
 11,229
Depreciation and amortization29,405
 10
 418
 29,833
Capital expenditures106,360
 9,204
 2,725
 118,289
       
(in thousands)Airline Sunseeker Resort Other non- airline Consolidated
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019       
Operating revenue:       
Passenger$874,755
 $
 $
 $874,755
Third party products35,350
 
 
 35,350
Fixed fee contract23,061
 
 
 23,061
Other1,930
 1,275
 7,010
 10,215
Operating income (loss)214,035
 (2,917) (11,937) 199,181
Interest expense, net29,145
 636
 
 29,781
Depreciation and amortization72,119
 482
 2,075
 74,676
Capital expenditures207,048
 16,571
 10,850
 234,469
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018       
Operating revenue:       
Passenger$802,343
 $
 $
 $802,343
Third party products28,124
 
 
 28,124
Fixed fee contract18,209
 
 
 18,209
Other10,197
 
 3,351
 13,548
Operating income (loss)158,004
 (446) (3,368) 154,190
Interest expense, net22,046
 
 
 22,046
Depreciation and amortization57,172
 17
 794
 57,983
Capital expenditures165,934
 17,344
 4,178
 187,456











Total assets were as follows as of the date indicated:
(in thousands)June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Airline$2,859,309
 $2,422,523
Sunseeker Resort80,895
 56,047
Other non-airline41,996
 20,098
Consolidated$2,982,200
 $2,498,668



Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations


The following discussion and analysis presents factors that had a material effect on our results of operations during the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and 2018. Also discussed is our financial position as of March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. You should read this discussion in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-Q and our consolidated financial statements appearing in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements. Please refer to the section below entitled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” for a discussion of the uncertainties, risks and assumptions associated with these statements.


FirstSecond Quarter 2019 Review
Highlights:


Achieved 2223.7 percent airline operating margin;margin, which represents a 6.2 percentage point increase year over year;
produced a 6.1 percent decrease in airline operating CASM excluding fuel;
recognized recordour second consecutive quarter of ancillary air-related revenue per passenger exceeding $50, with a total of $53.10, which represents an increase$51.68 this quarter;
achieved industry leading controllable completion of 12.5 percentmore than 99.9% during the quarter;
improved A14 performance (flight arrival within 14 minutes of scheduled arrival) by 2.8 percentage points compared to 2018;
added eighttwo aircraft into service and expect an additional ninesix to be added throughoutin the back half of 2019; and
announced 3510 new routes, including inauguraland began service into Anchorage, AK; and
broke ground on Sunseeker Resort - Charlotte Harbor.35 routes previously announced.



AIRCRAFT


The following table sets forth the aircraft in service and operated by us as of the dates indicated:


March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 March 31, 2018June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 June 30, 2018
MD-80
 
 32
A31937
 32
 26
37
 32
 31
A320 (1)
47
 44
 30
49
 44
 35
MD-80
 
 27
Total84
 76
 88
86
 76
 93

(1) Does not include threefour aircraft forof which we have taken delivery, but were not yet in service as of March 31,June 30, 2019.


As of March 31,June 30, 2019, we had firm commitments to purchase twelvenine aircraft. We expect delivery of ninesix of these aircraft in 2019 and the remaining aircraft in 2020 and 2022. We continually consider aircraft acquisitions on an opportunistic basis.


Fleet Plan


The below table indicates the number of aircraft expected to be in service as of the dates indicated, based on currently scheduled additions to our operating fleet.


As of June 30, 2019 As of September 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2019As of September 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2019
A31937
 38
 38
37
 38
A32051
 53
 55
53
 55
Total88
 91
 93
90
 93


NETWORK


As of March 31,June 30, 2019, we are currentlywere selling 450459 routes versus 419414 as of the same date last year, which represents a 7.410.9 percent increase. Our total number of origination cities and leisure destinations (for operating routes) were 9895 and 23,26, respectively, as of March 31,June 30, 2019. Based on our currently published schedule through early-FebruaryMay 2020, and service announcements and cancellations by other airlines to date,as of June 30, 2019, we will have direct competition (which we consider to be similar non-stop service between markets) on 114 of ourapproximately 100 routes as of that date.



During the firstsecond quarter of 2019, we announced 3510 new routes including service into three new cities - Redmond, OR; State College, PA; and Traverse City, MI. These new routes are planned to begin service in October 2019.

During the second quarter 2019, we also began service on 35 routes announced previously, including our inaugural scheduled flights to Anchorage, AK and additional service to Destin, FL, Nashville, TN, and Savannah, GA, among other route announcements. The new routes are all planned to begin service in the second quarter 2019.AK.


In April 2019, we filed an application with the U.S. Department of Transportation to offer scheduled service to Mexico. This is the first step in beginning to offer international service to our leisure travelers, with non-stop flights between the United States and Mexico.


TRENDS


As we have completed ourThe transition to an all-Airbus fleet transition, Airbus aircraft flew 100 percent of our scheduled service ASMs for the quarter, comparedcontinues to 72.4 percent for the same time period in 2018, which drove a 9.6 percent increase in fuel efficiency (measured as ASMs per gallon).produce positive operating results. Despite having an average of 11seven fewer operating aircraft in service during the fleetsecond quarter 2019 compared to 2018, scheduled service ASMs increased 5.613.6 percent on a 13.8 percent increase in departures, and scheduled service passengers increased 4.312.2 percent. HigherWe accomplished the increased capacity by increasing aircraft utilization (block hours per aircraft) by 20.5 percent compared to the second quarter 2018. We were able to grow airline operating margin by 6.2 percentage points due, in large part, to reduced costs per ASM which were impacted significantly by an 8.1 percent increase in fuel efficiency.

During the second quarter, we flew more on off-peak days (32.8 percent of our scheduled ASMs for the quarter were on Tuesdays, Wednesdays or Saturdays compared to 30.6 percent in the same quarter last year). This contributed to our profitability, but led to a small decline in unit revenue.

Additionally, we have led or tied for the industry lead in controllable completion factor for 16 of the Airbus fleet (with a 16.9 percent year-over-year increasepast 18 months, including every month in average block hours per aircraft per day) enabled system growth with fewer aircraft. We expect to return to lower aircraft utilization during the year, as more aircraft are added to our operating fleet. Airline operating income increased more than $16 million quarter-over-quarter, and produced a 22 percent operating margin.

We continue to improve our operation, as evidenced by a 100 percent controllable completion rate for the first quarterhalf of 2019, and a total completion factor of 99.2 percent. We also achieved a record 123 consecutiveduring which time we had only ten days without athat were affected by maintenance cancellation.cancellations.



In April 2019, our dispatchers, represented by the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, (IBT) voted to ratify their first collective bargaining agreement. The agreement has a five year term beginning May 1, 2019 and is not expected to have a significant effect on our operating results.

In MarchJuly 2019, we beganannounced the evaluation of strategic alternatives for our Teesnap golf course management solution entity, which will trigger held-for-sale classification in the third quarter 2019.

The construction forof Sunseeker Resort - Charlotte Harbor in Southwest Florida, and entered into a Construction Loan Agreement with affiliates of TPG Sixth Street Partnerscontinues to provide $175 million in construction financing for the project. We also opened our first Allegiant Nonstop family entertainment center in Clearfield, UT, in January 2019 and our second location in Warren, MI, in April 2019.progress.


RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


Comparison of three months ended March 31,June 30, 2019 to three months ended March 31,June 30, 2018


Operating Revenue


Passenger revenue. For the firstsecond quarter 2019, passenger revenue increased 5.812.1 percent compared to firstsecond quarter 2018. The increase was driven primarily by a 4.613.8 percent increase in scheduled service departures, which resulted in a 4.312.2 percent increase in scheduled service passengers (slightly diluted by a 1.2 percentage point droppassengers. The 13.5 percent increase in load factor). The higher number of passengers resultedair-related ancillary average fare offset the decrease in year-over-year increases in ancillary revenues, the most significant of which were increasesscheduled service average fare. Increases in the customer convenience fee and carry on and checked baggage fees throughout the network. These increases contributed to a 12.5 percentthe increase in air-related ancillary unit ancillary revenue to $53.10$51.68 per passenger, the highest quarterly performance in our history.passenger.


Third party products revenue. Third party products revenue for the firstsecond quarter 2019 increased 66.02.3 percent, or $6.8 million, compared to the same period in 2018. This is primarily the result of a 26.5 percentincreased revenue from our co-branded credit card program, as well as an increase in net revenue from rental cars resulting from the increase in scheduled service passengers coupled with a higher take rate, as well as an increase in revenue generated from our co-branded credit card program.cars.


Fixed fee contract revenue. Fixed fee contract revenue for the firstsecond quarter 2019 remained relatively flatincreased 63.2 percent when compared to 2018, despite2018. This is primarily the result of a 6.561.0 percent decreaseincrease in fixed feerelated departures, quarter-over-quarter. The decrease in departures resulted from the government shutdown early in the quarter, as the FAA was not availablewhich is largely attributable to provide certification forgreater availability of spare aircraft that we had availabledue to improved operations and ready for service; thus, we were operating fewer aircraft than planned.an all-Airbus fleet.


Other revenue. Other revenue decreasedincreased by $3.9$0.5 million for the firstsecond quarter 2019 from 2018, primarily due to increased revenue from our non-airline activities. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in aircraft lease revenue. We took redelivery of the finalrevenue, as we had six aircraft previously on lease to a European carrier in December 2018, whereas 10 aircraft were on lease during the firstsecond quarter 2018. The decline in lease revenue was partially offset by increased revenue from Teesnap, our golf course management solution.of 2018 and none during 2019.


Operating Expenses


We primarily evaluate our expense management by comparing our costs per ASM across different periods, which enables us to assess trends in each expense category. The following table presents unit costs on a per ASM basis, or CASM, for the indicated

periods. Excluding fuel on a per ASM basis provides management and investors the ability to measure and monitor our cost performance absent fuel price volatility. Both the cost and availability of fuel are subject to many economic and political factors beyond our control.



Three Months Ended March 31, PercentThree Months Ended June 30, Percent
2019 2018 Change2019 2018 Change
Airline unitized costs     
Salary and benefits
3.05¢ 
3.03¢ 0.7 %$2.46
 $2.55
 (3.5)%
Aircraft fuel2.55
 2.84
 (10.2)
Station operations1.00
 1.01
 (1.0)1.03
 1.06
 (2.8)
Depreciation and amortization0.83
 0.75
 10.7
Maintenance and repairs0.58
 0.52
 11.5
0.47
 0.63
 (25.4)
Depreciation and amortization0.93
 0.75
 24.0
Sales and marketing0.54
 0.51
 5.9
0.45
 0.47
 (4.3)
Other0.57
 0.61
 (6.6)0.41
 0.56
 (26.8)
CASM
9.22¢ 
9.27¢ (0.5)%
Operating CASM, excluding fuel6.67
 6.43
 3.7
Airline CASM, excluding fuel5.65

6.02

(6.1)
Aircraft fuel2.70
 3.12
 (13.5)
Airline CASM8.35

9.14

(8.6)
     
Airline CASM8.35

9.14

(8.6)
Non-airline operating CASM*0.27
 0.08
 NM
0.28
 0.10
 180.0
Operating CASM, excluding fuel and non-airline activity
6.40¢ 
6.35¢ 0.8 %
Operating CASM (consolidated)8.63
 9.24
 (6.6)
*Includes operating costs associated with Sunseeker Resort and other non-airline related activity. Various components of this measure do not have a direct correlation to ASMs but must be included to calculate total operating CASM. Total operating CASM is reported to facilitate comparison with airlines reporting total costs on a per ASM basis.


Salary and benefits expense. Salary and benefits expense increased $6.4$11.9 million, or 5.711.8 percent, for the firstsecond quarter 2019 when compared to the same period in 2018. The increase is largely due to a 7.7an 8.8 percent increase in full-time equivalent employees as well as labor inefficienciessupporting a 12.6 percent increase in system block hours, and increased activity in our non-airline subsidiaries. Pilot salaries and wages per ASM decreased 6.9 percent for the quarter, due to improved pilot productivity efficiencies as we continuehave transitioned to grow into the increased number of flight personnel we maintained during the fleet transition.an all-Airbus fleet.


Aircraft fuel expense. Aircraft fuel expense decreased $6.3$2.5 million, or 6.02.0 percent, for the firstsecond quarter 2019 compared to firstsecond quarter 2018. The decrease is largely due to2018, despite a 4.54.9 percent decreaseincrease in system fuel gallons consumed coupled withon a 1.813.4 percent decreaseincrease in the system averageASMs. ASM growth outpaced fuel cost per gallon. Fuelconsumption as fuel efficiency (measured as ASMs per gallon) increased 9.68.1 percent year over year, allowing usdue to increase system ASMs by 4.9 percent, while reducing total fuel consumption. The Airbus aircraftour transition to an all-Airbus fleet which are significantly more fuel efficient than the MD-80 aircraft we operated before their retirement which we still hadconcluded in operation duringNovember 2018. Also, system average fuel cost per gallon decreased 6.7 percent year over year, further contributing to the first quarter 2018.overall decrease in aircraft fuel expense.


Station operations expense. Station operations expense for the firstsecond quarter 2019 increased $1.4$4.3 million, or 3.710.4 percent, on a 13.8 percent increase in scheduled service departures. The increase in departures outpaced the increase in expense due to additional station incentives realized compared to the same period in 2018.

Maintenance and repairs expense. Maintenance and repairs expense for the second quarter 2019 decreased $3.7 million, or 15.2 percent, compared to the same period in 2018 and ismostly due to a decrease in line with a 4.6 percent increase in scheduled service departures.

Maintenance and repairs expense. Maintenance and repairs expensenon-major maintenance events. The cost of major maintenance events for the first quarter 2019 increased $3.6 million, or 18.4 percent, compared to the same period in 2018, as the average number ofour Airbus aircraft is deferred in service increased by 49.2 percent. Although repairs foraccordance with the Airbus fleet type tend to be less frequent, associated costs are also generally higher than fordeferral method of accounting and the MD-80 fleet.amortization of these expenses is included in depreciation and amortization expense.


Depreciation and amortization expense. Depreciation and amortization expense for the firstsecond quarter 2019 increased 28.529.0 percent year over year. The average number of Airbus aircraft in service increased 49.238.7 percent year over year and our Airbus aircraft have a higher monthly depreciation expense than our MD-80 aircraft previously in service. In comparison, during the first quarter 2018,year. Further, the MD-80 fleet operating in 2018 was fully depreciated yet produced 27.6 percent of ASMs during the quarter.prior to 2018. Amortization of major maintenance costs was $4.8$6.1 million for the firstsecond quarter 2019 compared to $2.5$2.6 million for the firstsecond quarter 2018.2018, with increases expected to continue as our Airbus aircraft count and related deferred maintenance costs grow.


Sales and marketing expense. Sales and marketing expense for the firstsecond quarter 2019 increased $1.8$2.2 million compared to the same period in 2018, partly due to an increase in net credit card fees paid as a result of the 12.1 percent increase in passenger

revenue year over year. There were also increased expenses related to various marketing initiatives, including our multi-year partnerships with the Vegas Golden Knights and Minor League Baseball.


Non-airline expenses


Non-airline expenses are included in the various line items discussed above, as appropriate. The non-airline expenses include those from our Teesnap golf management business, expenses incurred to operate the Kingsway golf course, pre-opening expenses incurred in connection with Allegiant Nonstop family entertainment centers, (locations opened in January 2019 and April 2019), and operating expenses attributable to Sunseeker Resort (most of the Sunseeker Resort expenses are being capitalized at this time). We expect these expenses to increase with the growth in the number of family entertainment centers and the continued operation of Teesnap pending a possible sale.



Income Tax Expense


Our effective tax rate was 22.723.1 percent for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2019, compared to 20.520.7 percent for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2018. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2019 differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21.0 percent primarily due to state taxes. While we expect our tax rate to be fairly consistent in the near term, it will vary depending on recurring items such as the amount of income we earn in each state and the state tax rate applicable to such income. Discrete items during interim periods may also affect our tax rates. We expect to be a non-cash taxpayerstaxpayer for federal income tax purposes for 2019.


Comparison of six months ended June 30, 2019 to six months ended June 30, 2018
Operating Revenue

Passenger revenue. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, passenger revenue increased 9.0 percent compared with 2018. The increase was mostly attributable to a 9.5 percent increase in scheduled service departures, which resulted in an 8.5 percent increase in scheduled service passengers. Average total fare per passenger increased slightly during the six month period as the increase in air-related ancillary revenue per passenger more than offset the decrease in scheduled service average fare. Increases in the customer convenience fee and baggage fees contributed to a 13.0 percent increase in air-related ancillary unit revenue to $52.32 per passenger.
Third party products revenue. Third party products revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2019 increased 25.7 percent over the same period in 2018. This is primarily the result of increased revenue from our co-branded credit card program, as well as an increase in net revenue from rental cars.

Fixed fee contract revenue. Fixed fee contract revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2019 increased 26.6 percent compared with 2018, primarily due to a 20.3 percent increase in related departures. This was made possible by greater availability of spare aircraft due to improved operations and an all-Airbus fleet.

Other revenue. Other revenue decreased $3.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to a decrease in aircraft lease revenue. We had six aircraft on lease to a European carrier during the first half of 2018 and none during 2019. The effects of this decrease were slightly offset by increases in revenue from our non-airline activities.

Operating Expenses
The following table presents unit costs on a per ASM basis, defined as Operating CASM, for the indicated periods:    
 Six Months Ended June 30, Percent
 2019 2018 Change
Airline unitized costs     
Salary and benefits$2.69
 $2.77
 (2.9)%
Station operations1.02
 1.03
 (1.0)
Depreciation and amortization0.86
 0.75
 14.7
Maintenance and repairs0.52
 0.57
 (8.8)
Sales and marketing0.49
 0.49
 
Other0.42
 0.56
 (25.0)
Airline CASM, excluding fuel6.00

6.17

(2.8)
Aircraft fuel2.63
 2.99
 (12.0)
Airline CASM8.63
 9.16
 (5.8)
      
Airline CASM8.63
 9.16
 (5.8)
Non-airline operating CASM*0.27
 0.09
 200.0
Operating CASM (consolidated)8.90
 9.25
 (3.8)
*Includes operating costs associated with Sunseeker Resort and other non-airline related activity. Various components of this measure do not have a direct correlation to ASMs but must be included to calculate total operating CASM. Total operating CASM is reported to facilitate comparison with airlines reporting total costs on a per ASM basis.
Salary and benefits expense. Salary and benefits expense increased $18.4 million, or 8.6 percent, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. The increase is largely attributable to an 8.8 percent increase in the number of full-time equivalent employees supporting an 8.1 percent increase in system block hours, as well as increased activity in our non-airline subsidiaries. Pilot salaries and wages per ASM decreased 2.9 percent for the six months ended June 30, 2019, due to improved pilot productivity efficiencies as we have transitioned to an all-Airbus fleet.
Aircraft fuel expense. Aircraft fuel expense decreased $8.8 million, or 3.9 percent, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018, despite a 0.4 percent increase in system fuel gallons consumed on a 9.2 percent increase in system ASMs. ASM growth outpaced fuel consumption as fuel efficiency (measured as ASMs per gallon) increased 8.8

percent year over year, due to our transition to an all-Airbus fleet. Also, system average fuel cost per gallon decreased 4.4 percent year over year, further contributing to the overall decrease in aircraft fuel expense.
Station operations expense. Station operations expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019 increased 7.2 percent on a 9.5 percent increase in scheduled service departures compared to the same period in 2018. The increase in departures outpaced the increase in expense due to additional station incentives realized compared to the same period in 2018.

Maintenance and repairs expense. Maintenance and repairs expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019 remained flat year over year. We had fewer non-major maintenance events in 2019, a reduction which was offset by higher overall repair costs for our Airbus fleet than our MD-80 fleet (though less frequent). Additionally, the cost of major maintenance events for our Airbus aircraft is being deferred in accordance with the deferral method of accounting and the amortization of these expenses is included under depreciation and amortization expense.

Depreciation and amortization expense. Depreciation and amortization expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019 increased $16.7 million, or 28.8 percent, compared to the same period in 2018. The average number of Airbus aircraft in service increased 43.6 percent year over year. Amortization of major maintenance costs was $10.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $5.1 million for 2018, with increases expected to continue as our Airbus aircraft count and related deferred maintenance costs grow.

Sales and marketing expense. Sales and marketing expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019 increased $4.0 million compared to the same period in 2018, partly due to an increase in net credit card fees paid as a result of a 9.0 percent increase in passenger revenue year over year. There were also increased expenses related to various marketing initiatives, including our multi-year partnerships with the Vegas Golden Knights and Minor League Baseball.

Other expense. Other expense remained flat year over year, as there were increases in general administrative expenses which were offset by over $12.0 million in gains from MD-80 and other aircraft part sales.

Non-airline expenses

Non-airline expenses are included in the various line items discussed above, as appropriate. The non-airline expenses include those from our Teesnap golf management business, Kingsway golf course, Allegiant Nonstop family entertainment centers, and operating expenses attributable to Sunseeker Resort (most of the Sunseeker Resort expenses are being capitalized at this time).
Income Tax Expense

Our effective tax rate was 23.0 percent for the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to 20.6 percent for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2019 differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21.0 percent primarily due to state taxes. While we expect our tax rate to be fairly consistent in the near term, it will vary depending on recurring items such as the amount of income we earn in each state and the state tax rate applicable to such income. Discrete items during interim periods may also affect our tax rates. We expect to be a non-cash taxpayer for federal income tax purposes for 2019.


Comparative Consolidated Operating Statistics


The following tables set forth our operating statistics for the periods indicated:


Three Months Ended March 31, PercentThree Months Ended June 30, Percent
2019 2018 Change (1)2019 2018 
Change(1)
Operating statistics (unaudited):          
Total system statistics:          
Passengers3,450,278
 3,302,951
 4.5
4,169,536
 3,704,113
 12.6
Revenue passenger miles (RPMs) (thousands)3,228,594
 3,094,805
 4.3
3,654,369
 3,276,599
 11.5
Available seat miles (ASMs) (thousands)3,910,239
 3,728,563
 4.9
4,447,066
 3,922,294
 13.4
Load factor82.6% 83.0% (0.4)82.2% 83.5% (1.3)
Airline operating expense per ASM (CASM) (cents)8.95
 9.19
 (2.6)
Operating expense per ASM (CASM) (cents)8.63
 9.24
 (6.6)
Fuel expense per ASM (cents)2.55
 2.84
 (10.2)2.70
 3.12
 (13.5)
Airline operating CASM, excluding fuel (cents)6.40
 6.35
 0.8
Operating CASM, excluding fuel (cents)5.93
 6.12
 (3.1)
ASMs per gallon of fuel84.1
 76.7
 9.6
82.3
 76.1
 8.1
Departures25,200
 24,248
 3.9
30,547
 27,063
 12.9
Block hours59,819
 57,803
 3.5
68,332
 60,707
 12.6
Average stage length (miles)904
 910
 (0.7)853
 858
 (0.6)
Average number of operating aircraft during period79.6
 90.7
 (12.2)85.0
 92.0
 (7.6)
Average block hours per aircraft per day8.3
 7.1
 16.9
8.8
 7.3
 20.5
Full-time equivalent employees at end of period4,067
 3,776
 7.7
4,179
 3,840
 8.8
Fuel gallons consumed (thousands)46,474
 48,640
 (4.5)54,064
 51,516
 4.9
Average fuel cost per gallon$2.14
 $2.18
 (1.8)$2.22
 $2.38
 (6.7)
Scheduled service statistics:          
Passengers3,421,538
 3,279,368
 4.3
4,131,855
 3,681,944
 12.2
Revenue passenger miles (RPMs) (thousands)3,191,045
 3,064,619
 4.1
3,603,076
 3,245,774
 11.0
Available seat miles (ASMs) (thousands)3,802,132
 3,602,015
 5.6
4,311,182
 3,795,815
 13.6
Load factor83.9% 85.1% (1.2)83.6% 85.5% (1.9)
Departures24,344
 23,264
 4.6
29,567
 25,992
 13.8
Block hours57,963
 55,689
 4.1
66,135
 58,536
 13.0
Total passenger revenue per ASM (TRASM) (cents) (2)11.50
 11.30
 1.8
10.97
 11.15
 (1.6)
Average fare - scheduled service (3)$69.64
 $73.81
 (5.6)$58.39
 $64.62
 (9.6)
Average fare - air-related charges (3)$53.10
 $47.18
 12.5
$51.68
 $45.53
 13.5
Average fare - third party products$5.01
 $3.15
 59.0
$4.40
 $4.84
 (9.1)
Average fare - total$127.75
 $124.14
 2.9
$114.47
 $114.99
 (0.5)
Average stage length (miles)908
 916
 (0.9)853
 864
 (1.3)
Fuel gallons consumed (thousands)45,068
 46,872
 (3.8)52,327
 49,671
 5.3
Average fuel cost per gallon$2.13
 $2.17
 (1.8)$2.22
 $2.37
 (6.3)
Rental car days sold471,598
 398,587
 18.3
540,960
 404,355
 33.8
Hotel room nights sold105,015
 108,984
 (3.6)114,191
 93,484
 22.2
Percent of sales through website during period93.6% 93.8% (0.2)93.5% 93.9% (0.4)
(1) Except load factor and percent of sales through website during period, which are presented as a percentage point change.
(2) Various components of this measure do not have a direct correlation to ASMs. This measure is provided on a per ASM basis so as to facilitate comparison with airlines reporting revenues on a per ASM basis.
(3) Reflects division of passenger revenue between scheduled service and air-related charges in the Company's booking path.




 Six Months Ended June 30, Percent
 2019 2018 
Change(1)
Operating statistics (unaudited):     
Total system statistics:     
Passengers7,619,814
 7,007,064
 8.7
Revenue passenger miles (RPMs) (thousands)6,882,963
 6,371,403
 8.0
Available seat miles (ASMs) (thousands)8,357,304
 7,650,857
 9.2
Load factor82.4% 83.3% (0.9)
Operating expense per ASM (CASM) (cents)8.90
 9.25
 (3.8)
Fuel expense per ASM (cents)2.63
 2.99
 (12.0)
Operating CASM, excluding fuel (cents)6.27
 6.26
 0.2
ASMs per gallon of fuel83.1
 76.4
 8.8
Departures55,747
 51,311
 8.6
Block hours128,151
 118,510
 8.1
Average stage length (miles)876
 883
 (0.8)
Average number of operating aircraft during period82.3
 90.8
 (9.4)
Average block hours per aircraft per day8.6
 7.2
 19.4
Full-time equivalent employees at end of period4,179
 3,840
 8.8
Fuel gallons consumed (thousands)100,537
 100,156
 0.4
Average fuel cost per gallon$2.18
 $2.28
 (4.4)
Scheduled service statistics:     
Passengers7,553,393
 6,961,312
 8.5
Revenue passenger miles (RPMs) (thousands)6,794,122
 6,310,393
 7.7
Available seat miles (ASMs) (thousands)8,113,315
 7,397,830
 9.7
Load factor83.7% 85.3% (1.6)
Departures53,911
 49,256
 9.5
Block hours124,098
 114,224
 8.6
Total passenger revenue per ASM (TRASM) (cents)(2)
11.22
 11.23
 (0.1)
Average fare - scheduled service(3)
$63.49
 $68.95
 (7.9)
Average fare - air-related charges(3)
$52.32
 $46.31
 13.0
Average fare - third party products$4.68
 $4.04
 15.8
Average fare - total$120.49
 $119.30
 1.0
Average stage length (miles)878
 889
 (1.2)
Fuel gallons consumed (thousands)97,395
 96,542
 0.9
Average fuel cost per gallon$2.18
 $2.27
 (4.0)
Rental car days sold1,012,558
 802,942
 26.1
Hotel room nights sold219,206
 202,468
 8.3
Percent of sales through website during period93.5% 93.9% (0.4)
(1) Except load factor and percent of sales through website during period, which are presented as a percentage point change.
(2) Various components of this measure do not have a direct correlation to ASMs. This measure is provided on a per ASM basis so as to facilitate comparison with airlines reporting revenues on a per ASM basis.
(3) Reflects division of passenger revenue between scheduled service and air-related charges in the Company's booking path.


LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES


Current liquidity


Cash, cash equivalents and investment securities (short-term and long-term) increased at March 31,June 30, 2019 to $554.8$695.3 million, from $447.5 million at December 31, 2018. Investment securities represent highly liquid marketable securities which are available-for-sale.


The increase in cash at June 30, 2019 is due primarily to $178.5 million in cash generated from operating activities (excluding capital expenditures related to heavy maintenance),operations as well as $428.0debt proceeds in the second quarter. We received $213.0 million of debt proceeds from a financing secured by 23 aircraft, and generated $100.8 million in net Term Loan proceeds received in Februaryafter the early payoff of six loans and our revolving debt secured by aircraft. In the second quarter, we also borrowed $63.4 million secured by spare engines. We had 26 unencumbered aircraft at June 30, 2019.


As of March 31,In July 2019, $347.9 million of the Term Loan proceeds were used to purchase our unsecured senior notes. The remaining proceeds of approximately $80.1 million will be used when we retirerepaid the remaining $102.1 million principal balance of these notes. We expect to call the remainder of the notes prior to their maturity in July 2019.our high yield debt at maturity.


Restricted cash represents escrowed funds under fixed fee contracts and cash collateral against letters of credit required by hotel properties for guaranteed room availability, airports and certain other parties. Under our fixed fee flying contracts, we require our customers to prepay for flights to be provided by us. The prepayments are escrowed until the flight is completed and are recorded as restricted cash with a corresponding amount reflected as air traffic liability.


Our operating cash flows and long-term debt borrowings have allowed us to invest in our fleet transition, and return capital to shareholders in the form of recurring regular quarterly dividends.dividends, and invest in Sunseeker Resort and our Allegiant Nonstop family entertainment centers. Our future capital needs are primarily for the acquisition of additional aircraft, including our existing aircraft commitments, as well as planned capital outlay related to Sunseeker Resort and other travel and leisure initiatives.


We believe we have more than adequate liquidity resources through our operating cash flows, borrowings, debt commitments, and cash balances, to meet our future contractual obligations. In addition, we continue to consider raising funds through debt financing on an opportunistic basis.


In addition to our recurring quarterly cash dividend, our current share repurchase authority is $100 million. There is no expiration to this program.


Debt


Our long-term debt and finance lease obligations balance, without reduction for related issuance costs, increased from $1.3 billion as of December 31, 2018 to $1.4$1.5 billion as of March 31,June 30, 2019. During the first half of 2019, as we borrowed $450.0 million under the Term Loan plus an additional $44.0$320.4 million secured by aircraft and engines, while repurchasing $347.9 million of our unsecured notes (the remaining balance of which was paid at maturity in July 2019). Additionally, we paid off six loans and makingthe outstanding balance on our revolving credit facility for a combined $112.2 million in payoffs, and also made scheduled principal payments on our other existing debt.


In March 2019, we entered into a Construction Loan Agreement with certain lenders affiliated with TPG Sixth Street Partners, LLC under which we may borrow up to $175.0 million to fund the construction of Phase 1 of Sunseeker Resort - Charlotte Harbor. No amounts under this loan agreement have been drawn to date.


Sources and Uses of Cash


Operating Activities. During the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2019, our operating activities provided $160.1$277.5 million of cash compared to $172.9$283.2 million during the same period of 2018. The year-over-year decrease is due to a one-time tax benefit of $41.3 million in cash inflows is mostly2018 that was not applicable in the result ofcurrent year, as well as the net effect of changes in certain asset and liability accounts, including anaccounts. These were partially offset by a $22.5 million increase in deferred major maintenance.net income in 2019.


Operating cash inflows are primarily derived from providing air transportation and related ancillary products and services to customers, and we expect to use that cash flow to purchase aircraft and equipment, make scheduled debt payments, invest in Sunseeker Resort - Charlotte Harbor and other travel and leisure initiatives, and return capital to shareholders through share repurchases and dividends. 



Investing Activities. Cash used in investing activities was $59.6$96.8 million during the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2019 compared to $65.4$158.6 million for the same period in 2018. A $53.4$47.0 million year-over-year increase in cash outlayoutlays for the purchase of property and equipment was offset as cash proceeds from maturities of investment securities (net of purchases) were $56.0$127.4 million during the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2019, compared to $3.3$30.4 million for the same period in 2018. Additionally, in

the first quartersix months of 2019 we had a $6.5an $11.7 million increase in cash from other investing activities compared to the same period last year, mostly related to proceeds received from the sales of MD-80 parts.


Financing Activities. Cash provided by financing activities for the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2019 was $61.3$191.6 million, compared to $115.1$153.1 million cash used in financing activities during the same period in 2018. This year-over-year fluctuation is primarily due to debt proceeds, as we entered into debt agreements totaling $494.0$770.4 million during the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2019, but did not enter any debt agreementscompared to $10.8 million in the first quarterhalf of 2018. The increase in debt proceeds was partially offset by an increase in principal payments on, and early payoffs of, long-term debt and finance lease obligations as we repurchased $347.9 million of our unsecured notes due July 2019 in a tender offer, made $38.4 million of other debt and finance lease payments and incurred $30.1 million of debt issuance costs during the quarter. Thiscurrent year compared to $102.9 million of principal payments on debt for the same period in 2018.


CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS


We have made forward-looking statements in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, and in the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” that are based on our management’s beliefs and assumptions, and on information currently available to our management. Forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, business strategies, fleet plan, financing plans, competitive position, industry environment, potential growth opportunities, future service to be provided, the effects of future regulation and competition, and the development of a resort in Southwest Florida. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts and can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as the words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “project” or similar expressions.


Forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements. Important risk factors that could cause our results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements may be found in our periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission at www.sec.gov. These risk factors include, without limitation, an accident involving, or problems with, our aircraft, public perception of our safety, our reliance on our automated systems, limitation on growth after our transition to a single fleet type, our reliance on third parties to deliver aircraft under contract to us on a timely basis, risk of breach of security of personal data, volatility of fuel costs, labor issues and costs, the ability to obtain regulatory approvals as needed , the effect of economic conditions on leisure travel, debt covenants and balances, the ability to finance aircraft under contract, terrorist attacks, risks inherent to airlines, our competitive environment, our reliance on third parties who provide facilities or services to us, the possible loss of key personnel, economic and other conditions in markets in which we operate, the ability to successfully develop and finance a resort in Southwest Florida, governmental regulation, increases in maintenance costs and cyclical and seasonal fluctuations in our operating results.


Any forward-looking statements are based on information available to us today and we undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of future events, new information or otherwise.


CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES


There were no changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates, as of March 31,June 30, 2019, from those disclosed in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes contained in our 2018 Form 10-K.


Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk


We are subject to certain market risks, including commodity prices (specifically aircraft fuel). The adverse effects of changes in these markets could pose potential losses as discussed below. The sensitivity analysis provided does not consider the effects that such adverse changes may have on overall economic activity, nor does it consider additional actions we may take to mitigate our exposure to such changes. Actual results may differ.


Aircraft Fuel


Our results of operations can be significantly impacted by changes in the price and availability of aircraft fuel, as aircraft fuel expense represented 27.629.5 percent of our operating expenses for the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2019. Increases in fuel prices, or a shortage of supply, could have a material impact on our operations and operating results. Based on our fuel consumption for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2019, a hypothetical ten percent increase in the average price per gallon of fuel would

have increased fuel expense by approximately $9.5 million.$11.9 million and $21.6 million, respectively. We have not hedged fuel price risk for many years.



Interest Rates


As of March 31,June 30, 2019, we had $1.1$1.2 billion in variable-rate debt, including current maturities and without reduction for related costs. A hypothetical 100 basis point changeincrease in market interest rates for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2019, would have affected interest expense by approximately $2.1 million.$2.2 million and $4.6 million, respectively.


As of March 31,June 30, 2019, we had $204.8$202.9 million of fixed-rate debt, including current maturities and without reduction for related costs. Of this amount, $102.1 million was repaid in July 2019. A hypothetical 100 basis point change in market interest rates would not impact interest expense on our fixed rate debt as of such date.


Item 4. Controls and Procedures


As of March 31,June 30, 2019, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer ("CEO") and chief financial officer (“CFO”), we evaluated the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the “Exchange Act”) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, management, including our CEO and CFO, has concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are designed, and are effective, to give reasonable assurance that the information we are required to disclose is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the CEO and the CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.


Except as noted below, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ending March 31,June 30, 2019, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


Effective January 1, 2019, we adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). Although the New Lease Standard willdid not have a material impact on our ongoing net income, changes were made to relevant business processes and the related control activities in order to monitor and maintain appropriate controls over financial reporting. The operating effectiveness of these changes will be evaluated as part of our annual assessment on the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting.


PART II. OTHER INFORMATION


Item 1. Legal Proceedings


We are subject to certain legal and administrative actions we consider routine to our business activities. We believe the ultimate outcome of any pending legal or administrative matters will not have a material adverse impact on our financial position, liquidity or results of operations.


Item 1A.  Risk Factors


We have evaluated our risk factors and determined there are no changes to those set forth in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K.



Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds


Our Repurchases of Equity Securities


The following table reflects the repurchases of our common stock during the firstsecond quarter 2019:


Period 
Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)
 Average Price Paid per Share Total Number of
Shares Purchased as Part of our Publicly
Announced Plan
 
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that
May Yet be Purchased
Under the Plans or
Programs (in thousands)
 (2)
January 459
 $123.09
 None  
February 12,921
 136.87
 None  
March 3,565
 126.82
 None  
Total 16,945
 $134.38
   $100,000
Period 
Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)
 Average Price Paid per Share Total Number of
Shares Purchased as Part of our Publicly
Announced Plan
 
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that
May Yet be Purchased
Under the Plans or
Programs (in thousands)
 (2)
April 388
 $131.74
 None  
May 4,703
 $144.31
 None  
June 
 $
 None  
Total 5,091
 $143.35
   $100,000
(1) Includes shares repurchased from employees who vested a portion of their restricted stock grants. These share repurchases were made at the election of each employee pursuant to an offer to repurchase by us. In each case, the shares repurchased constituted the portion of vested shares necessary to satisfy income tax withholding requirements.
(2) Represents the remaining dollar amount of open market purchases of our common stock which has been authorized by the Board under a share repurchase program.


Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities


None


Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures


Not applicable


Item 5. Other Information


None




Item 6. Exhibits
101.INSXBRL Instance Document
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
(1) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit filed with Registration Statement #333-134145 filed by the Company with the Commission and amendments thereto.
(2) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on April 25, 2018.
(3) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on February 5, 2019
(4) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on February 5, 2019.
(5) Portions of the indicated document haveCertain confidential information in this agreement has been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatmentbecause it (i) is not material and the document indicated has been filed separately with the Commission as required by Rule 24b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.(ii) would be competitively harmful if publicly disclosed.







SIGNATURES


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


  ALLEGIANT TRAVEL COMPANY
   
   
Date:May 7,July 31, 2019By:/s/ Gregory Anderson
  Gregory Anderson, as duly authorized officer of the Company (Chief Financial Officer) and as Principal Financial Officer


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