Greenlight Capital Re, Ltd. (“GLRE”) was incorporated as an exempted company under the Companies Law of the Cayman Islands on July 13, 2004. GLRE’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Greenlight Reinsurance, Ltd. (“Greenlight Re”), provides global specialty property and casualty reinsurance. Greenlight Re has a Class D insurer license issued in accordance with the terms of The Insurance Act, 2010 (as amended) and underlying regulations thereto (the “Act”) and is subject to regulation by the Cayman Islands Monetary Authority, in terms of the Act.Authority. Greenlight Re commenced underwriting in April 2006. Verdant Holding Company, Ltd. (“Verdant”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of GLRE, was incorporated in 2008 in the state of Delaware. During 2010, GLRE established Greenlight Reinsurance Ireland, Designated Activity Company (“GRIL”), a wholly-owned reinsurance subsidiary based in Dublin, Ireland. GRIL is authorized as a non-life reinsurance undertaking in accordance with the provisions of the European Union (Insurance and Reinsurance) Regulations 2015. GRIL provides multi-line property and casualty reinsurance capacity to the European broker market and provides GLRE with an additional platform to serve clients located in Europe and North America.  In 2020, GLRE established Greenlight Re Marketing (UK) Limited (“Greenlight Re UK”) as a wholly-owned subsidiary to increase the Company’s presence in the London market. As used herein, the “Company” refers collectively to GLRE and its consolidated subsidiaries.

The Class A ordinary shares of GLRE are listed on Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “GLRE.”

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In addition, the year-end balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020,2021, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on March 10, 2021.8, 2022. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of GLRE and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Greenlight Re, GRIL, Verdant, and Greenlight Re UK. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated on consolidation.

In the opinion of management, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and results of operations as at the end of and for the periods presented.

Significant estimates used in the preparation of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements, including those associated with premiums and the estimations of loss and loss adjustment expense reserves, including losses arising from the novel coronavirus (the “COVID-19 pandemic”), may be subject to significant adjustments in future periods. (See Note 5 for the significant assumptions that served as the basis for the Company's estimates of reserves for the COVID-19 pandemic). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

There have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies as described in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2021.

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. The significant estimates reflected in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, loss and loss adjustment expense reserves, premiums written, earned and receivable, variability underlying risk transfer assessments, allowances for credit losses, share-based compensation, valuation allowances associated with deferred tax assets and investment impairments.

The Company maintains cash and cash equivalent balances to collateralize regulatory trusts and letters of credit issued to cedents (see Note 12). The following table reconciles the cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the condensed consolidated balance sheets to the total presented in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows:

The caption “Reinsurance balances receivable” in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets includes amounts held by cedents. Such amounts include premiums and funds held at Lloyd’s, which is held in trust at Lloyd's as security for members’ underwriting activities. At September 30, 2021,March 31, 2022, funds held by cedents were $201.3$272.3 million (December 31, 2020: $127.62021: $246.9 million).

The Company calculates an allowance for expected credit losses for its reinsurance balances receivable and loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable by applying a Probability of Default (“PD”) / Loss Given Default (“LGD”) model. The PD / LGD approach considers the Company’s collectibility history on its reinsurance assets and representative external loss history. In calculating the probability of default, the Company also considers the estimated duration of its reinsurance assets.

For its retrocessional counterparties that are unrated, the Company may hold collateral in the form of funds withheld, trust accounts, or irrevocable letters of credit. In evaluating credit risk associated with reinsurance balances receivable, the Company considers its right to offset loss obligations against premiums receivable. The Company regularly evaluates its net credit exposure to assess the ability of cedents and retrocessionaires to honor their respective obligations.

At September 30, 2021,March 31, 2022, the Company has recorded an allowance for expected credit loss on its Reinsurance Assets of $0.1 million (December 31, 2020:2021: $0.1 million).

The Company applies deposit accounting to reinsurance contracts that do not transfer sufficient insurance risk to merit reinsurance accounting. Under deposit accounting, the Company recognizes an asset or liability based on its paid or received consideration. The deposit asset or liability balance is subsequently adjusted using the interest method with the corresponding income or expense recorded in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations under the captioncaptions “Other income (expense).” and “Deposit interest expense”, respectively. The Company records deposit assets and liabilities in its condensed consolidated balance sheets in the caption “Reinsurance balances receivable” and “Reinsurance balances payable,” respectively. At September 30, 2021,March 31, 2022, deposit assets and deposit liabilities were $4.9$3.5 million and $14.0$17.8 million, respectively (December 31, 2020: $4.62021: $3.5 million and $31.0$18.6 million, respectively). For the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2022, and 2021, and 2020, the interest income and (expense)expense on deposit accounted contracts were as follows:

The Company recognizes derivative financial instruments in the condensed consolidated balance sheets at their fair values. It includes any realized gains and losses and changes in unrealized gains and losses in the caption “Net investment income (loss)” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The Company’s derivatives do not qualify as hedges for financial reporting purposes. The Company records the associated assets and liabilities in its condensed consolidated balance sheets on a gross basis. The Company does not offset these balances against collateral pledged or received.

The caption “Other assets” in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets consists primarily of prepaid expenses, fixed assets, right-of-use lease assets, other receivables, taxes recoverable, and deferred tax assets.

The caption “Other liabilities” in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets consists primarily of accruals for legal and other professional fees, employee bonuses, taxes payable, and lease liabilities.

Diluted earnings (or loss) per share contemplates a conversion to common shares of all convertible instruments only if they are dilutive with regards to earnings per share. In the event of a net loss, all RSUs, stock options, shares potentially issuable in connection with convertible debt,notes, and participating securities are excluded from the calculation of both basic and diluted loss per share as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive.

The table below presents the shares outstanding for the calculation of earnings (loss) per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021March 31, 2022 and 2020:2021:

Under current Cayman Islands law, no corporate entity, including GLRE and Greenlight Re, is obligated to pay taxes in the Cayman Islands on either income or capital gains. The Company has an undertaking from the Governor-in-Cabinet of the Cayman Islands, pursuant to the provisions of the Tax Concessions Law,Act, as amended, that, in the event that the Cayman Islands enacts any legislation that imposes a tax on profits, income, gains, or appreciations, or any tax in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax, such tax will not be applicable to GLRE, Greenlight Re nor their respective operations, or to the Class A or Class B ordinary shares or related obligations, before February 1, 2025.

Verdant is incorporated in Delaware and therefore is subject to taxes in accordance with the U.S. federal rates and regulations prescribed by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”). Verdant’s taxable income is generally expected to be taxed at a marginal rate of 21% (2020:(2021: 21%). Verdant’s tax years 20172018 and beyond remain open and subject to examination by the IRS.

GRIL is incorporated in Ireland and therefore is subject to the Irish corporation tax rate of 12.5% on its trading income and 25% on its non-trading income.

The Company records a valuation allowance to the extent that the Company considers it more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized in the future. Other than this valuation allowance, the Company has not taken any income tax positions subject to significant uncertainty that is reasonably likely to have a material impact on the Company. 

In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-01, Investments - Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) - Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815 (a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force) (“ASU 2020-01”). ASU 2020-01 clarifies interactions between the accounting guidance for (i) certain equity securities under Topic 321, (ii) investments under the equity method of accounting in Topic 323, and (iii) certain derivative instruments in Topic 815. ASU 2020-01 is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of ASU 2020-01 during the first quarter of 2021 had no material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The Company intends to adoptadopted ASU 2020-06 during the first quarter of 2022, using the “modified retrospective” transition method.

On September 1, 2018, theThe Company has entered into an amendedthe Second Amended and restated exempted limited partnership agreement (as amended by the letter agreement dated as of August 5, 2020,Restated Exempted Limited Partnership Agreement, (the “Previous SILP“SILP LPA”) of Solasglas Investments, LP (“SILP”), with DME Advisors II, LLC (“DME II”), as General Partner, Greenlight Re, and GRIL, (together the “GLRE Limited Partners”), and the initial limited partner (each, a “Partner”). On September 1, 2018, SILP alsohas entered into a SILP investment advisory agreement (“IAA”) with DME Advisors. LP (“DME Advisors”) pursuant to which DME Advisors is the investment manager for SILP. DME II and DME Advisors are related to the Company, and each is an affiliate of David Einhorn, Chairman of the Company’s Board of Directors.

On January 7, 2021, the Company and DME II entered into the Second Amended and Restated Exempted Limited Partnership Agreement, effective as of January 1, 2021 (the “SILP LPA”). The SILP LPA amends, restates, supersedes, and incorporates all material terms ofincludes the Previous SILP LPA, as amended as of February 26, 2019, and the letter agreements dated June 18, 2019, December 27, 2019, and August 5, 2020 (collectively, the “Amendments”). The SILP LPA agreement also amended the definition of “Additional Investment Ratio” and each of the defined terms “Greenlight Re Surplus” and the “GRIL Surplus” so as to clarify that each of the respectively referenced “financial statements” are “U.S. GAAP financial statements.” In addition, the SILP LPA included the following:following proviso: “The Investment Portfolio of each Partner will not exceed the product of (a) such Partner’s surplus (Greenlight Re Surplus or GRIL Surplus, as the case may be) multiplied by (b) the Investment Cap (50%), and the General Partner will designate any portion of a Partner’s Investment Portfolio as Designated Securities to effectuate such limit”. The SILP LPA also amended the investment guidelines to reflect the amended investment guidelines adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors effective as of January 1, 2021.

The Company has concluded that SILP qualifies as a variable interest entity (“VIE”) under U.S. GAAP. In assessing its interest in SILP, the Company noted the following:

Consequently, the Company has concluded that DME II’s interests, not the Company’s, meet both the “power” and “benefits” criteria associated with VIE accounting guidance, and therefore DME II is SILP’s primary beneficiary. The Company presents its investment in SILP in its condensed consolidated balance sheets in the caption “Investment in related party investment fund.”

The Company’s share of the change in the net asset value of SILP for the three and nine months ended September 30,

The summarized financial statements of SILP are presented below.

  

The Company’s “Other investments” are composed of the following:

At December 31, 2021, the Company included the following securities in the caption “Other investments”:

The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received in an asset sale or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between unaffiliated market participants. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are categorized based on whether the inputs are observable in the market and the degree that the inputs are observable. The categorization of financial instruments within the valuation hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The hierarchy is prioritized into three levels (with Level 3 being the lowest) defined as follows:

At September 30, 2021,March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2020,2021, the Company did not carry any other investments at fair value with an assigned Level within the fair value hierarchy. The Company’s investment in the related party investment fund is measured at fair value using the net asset value practical expedient. It is therefore not classified within the fair value hierarchy. (See Note 3 for further details on the related party investment fund.)

The caption “Convertible senior notes payable” represents financial instruments that the Company carries at amortized cost. The fair value of the convertible senior notes payable is estimated based on the bid price observed in an inactive market for the identical instrument (Level 2 input) (see Note 7).

At September 30, 2021,March 31, 2022, the Company’s loss and loss adjustment expense reserves included estimated amounts for several catastrophe events. For significant catastrophe events, including, but not limited to, hurricanes, tornados, typhoons, floods, earthquakes, wildfires, and pandemics, loss reserves are generally established based on loss payments and case reserves reported by clients when and if, received. To establish IBNR loss estimates, the Company makes use of, among other things, the following:following information:

The Company made no significant changes in the actuarial methodology or reserving process related to its loss and loss adjustment expense reserves for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022.

At September 30, 2021March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2020,2021, loss and loss adjustment expense reserves were composed of the following:

A summary of changes in outstanding loss and loss adjustment expense reserves for all lines of business consolidated

For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the estimate of net losses incurred relating to prior accident years decreased by $1.3 million, due primarily to favorable development on catastrophe events, a mortgage contract associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, and certain health contracts. The decrease in prior accident years was partially offset by adverse loss development on certain workers’ compensation and multi-line casualty contracts written between 2014 and 2018. The favorable loss development on a mortgage contract was offset by increased profit commissions on the same contract.$0.1 million.

The changes in the outstanding loss and loss adjustment expense reserves for health claims for the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2022 and 2021 and 2020 are as follows:

From time to time, the Company purchases retrocessional coverage for one or more of the following reasons: to manage its overall exposure, reduce its net liability on individual risks, obtain additional underwriting capacity and balance its underwriting portfolio. The Company records loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable from retrocessionaires as assets.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021,March 31, 2022, the Company’s earned ceded premiums were insignificant compared to $1.7$1.2 million (2021: $0.1 million). For the three months ended March 31, 2022, loss and $3.2 millionloss adjustment expenses recovered and changes in losses recoverable were $0.7 million. The recoveries recognized by the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2021, loss and loss expenses recovered were insignificant compared to $2.5 million and $6.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.insignificant.

Retrocession contracts do not relieve the Company from its obligations to its cedents. Failure of retrocessionaires to honor their obligations could result in losses to the Company. At September 30, 2021,March 31, 2022, the Company’s loss reserves recoverable consisted of (i) $9.9$8.8 million (December 31, 2020: $12.62021: $8.4 million) recoverable from unrated retrocessionaires, of which $9.7$8.3 million (December 31, 2020: $11.92021: $8.2 million) were secured by cash, letters of credit and collateral held in trust accounts for the benefit of the Company and (ii) $3.2$2.7 million (December 31, 2020: $4.32021: $2.8 million) recoverable from retrocessionaires rated A- or above by A.M. Best.

The Company regularly evaluates its net credit exposure to assess the ability of the retrocessionaires to honor their respective obligations. At September 30, 2021,March 31, 2022, the Company had recorded an allowance for expected credit losses of $47.0 thousand (December 31, 2020:2021: $47.0 thousand).

On August 7, 2018, the Company issued $100.0 million of senior unsecured convertible notes (the “Notes”), which mature on August 1, 2023. The Notes bear interest at 4.0%, payable semi-annually on February 1 and August 1 of each year beginning February 1, 2019.

The Company incurred issuance costs in connection with the issuance of the Notes. At September 30, 2021,March 31, 2022, the unamortized portion of these costs attributed to the debt component was $1.2$0.9 million (December 31, 2020: $1.62021: $1.0 million), which the Company expects to amortize through the maturity date. The Company netted the portion of these issuance costs attributed to the equity component against the gross proceeds allocated to equity, resulting in the Company including $7.9 million in the caption “Additional paid-in capital” in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.