Table of Contents

     
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
ýQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended NovemberSeptember 30, 20162017
 
Or
oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period to
 
Commission file number 001- 34481
 
 
Mistras Group, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 
Delaware 22-3341267
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
   
195 Clarksville Road
Princeton Junction, New Jersey
 08550
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
 
(609) 716-4000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) 
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
ý Yes  o No
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
ý Yes  o No
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “smaller reporting“emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o
 
Accelerated filer x
Non-accelerated filer o
 
Smaller reporting company o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) 
Emerging Growth Company o
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
o Yes  ý No
 
As of JanuaryNovember 2, 2017, the registrant had 28,796,48728,290,709 shares of common stock outstanding and 420,2581,146,249 shares of treasury stock.
     


TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
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i

Table of Contents

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1.                          Financial Statements
 


Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)  (unaudited)  
November 30, 2016 May 31, 2016September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
ASSETS 
  
 
  
Current Assets 
  
 
  
Cash and cash equivalents$26,261
 $21,188
$26,863
 $19,154
Accounts receivable, net141,367
 137,913
140,189
 130,852
Inventories10,396
 9,918
11,237
 10,017
Deferred income taxes6,174
 6,216

 6,230
Prepaid expenses and other current assets16,759
 12,711
16,077
 16,399
Total current assets200,957
 187,946
194,366
 182,652
Property, plant and equipment, net74,580
 78,676
77,173
 73,149
Intangible assets, net42,137
 43,492
42,242
 40,007
Goodwill171,060
 169,220
165,704
 169,940
Deferred income taxes952
 1,000
2,108
 1,086
Other assets2,480
 2,341
2,829
 2,593
Total assets$492,166
 $482,675
$484,422
 $469,427
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY 
  
 
  
Current Liabilities 
  
 
  
Accounts payable$8,112
 $10,796
$8,925
 $6,805
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities64,257
 62,983
65,608
 58,697
Current portion of long-term debt2,028
 12,553
2,490
 1,379
Current portion of capital lease obligations6,689
 7,835
6,261
 6,488
Income taxes payable3,814
 2,710
4,576
 4,342
Total current liabilities84,900
 96,877
87,860
 77,711
Long-term debt, net of current portion91,332
 72,456
101,803
 85,917
Obligations under capital leases, net of current portion10,340
 11,932
8,349
 9,682
Deferred income taxes19,670
 18,328
9,238
 17,584
Other long-term liabilities7,679
 6,794
9,510
 7,789
Total liabilities213,921
 206,387
216,760
 198,683
Commitments and contingencies

 



 

Equity 
  
 
  
Preferred stock, 10,000,000 shares authorized
 

 
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized292
 290
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 29,434,816 and 29,216,745 shares issued294
 292
Additional paid-in capital215,956
 213,737
221,149
 217,211
Treasury stock, at cost(7,000) 
Treasury stock, at cost, 1,146,249 and 420,258 shares(24,923) (9,000)
Retained earnings96,102
 82,235
88,744
 91,803
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(27,262) (20,099)(17,789) (29,724)
Total Mistras Group, Inc. stockholders’ equity278,088
 276,163
267,475
 270,582
Noncontrolling interests157
 125
Non-controlling interests187
 162
Total equity278,245
 276,288
267,662
 270,744
Total liabilities and equity$492,166
 $482,675
$484,422
 $469,427
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)
(in thousands, except per share data)
Three months ended Six months endedThree months ended Nine months ended
November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015 November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
 
  
     
  
    
Revenue$176,642
 $194,786
 $345,085
 $374,639
$179,570
 $168,811
 $513,326
 $514,606
Cost of revenue119,214
 132,720
 232,195
 256,120
126,316
 112,754
 360,144
 352,027
Depreciation5,352
 5,141
 10,758
 10,320
5,357
 5,406
 15,790
 16,423
Gross profit52,076
 56,925
 102,132
 108,199
47,897
 50,651
 137,392
 146,156
Selling, general and administrative expenses36,249
 34,008
 71,526
 69,844
38,217
 34,995
 113,491
 107,266
Impairment charges15,810
 
 15,810
 
Research and engineering580
 601
 1,212
 1,222
555
 643
 1,749
 1,928
Depreciation and amortization2,542
 2,822
 5,139
 5,603
2,738
 2,513
 7,854
 8,140
Litigation charges1,200
 
 1,200
 6,320
Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net197
 (75) 591
 (971)(248) 384
 (589) (99)
Income from operations12,508
 19,569
 23,664
 32,501
Income (loss) from operations(10,375) 12,116
 (2,123) 22,601
Interest expense928
 1,335
 1,748
 3,257
1,081
 778
 3,114
 2,218
Income before provision for income taxes11,580
 18,234
 21,916
 29,244
Provision for income taxes4,284
 6,804
 8,011
 10,967
Net income7,296
 11,430
 13,905
 18,277
Less: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of taxes26
 5
 39
 (20)
Net income attributable to Mistras Group, Inc.$7,270
 $11,425
 $13,866
 $18,297
Earnings per common share 
  
    
Income (loss) before (benefit) provision for income taxes(11,456) 11,338
 (5,237) 20,383
(Benefit) provision for income taxes(4,503) 4,083
 (2,199) 6,908
Net income (loss)(6,953) 7,255
 (3,038) 13,475
Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interests, net of taxes15
 17
 21
 29
Net income (loss) attributable to Mistras Group, Inc.$(6,968) $7,238
 $(3,059) $13,446
Earnings (loss) per common share: 
  
    
Basic$0.25
 $0.40
 $0.48
 $0.64
$(0.25) $0.25
 $(0.11) $0.46
Diluted$0.24
 $0.39
 $0.46
 $0.62
$(0.25) $0.24
 $(0.11) $0.45
Weighted average common shares outstanding: 
  
     
  
    
Basic29,056
 28,869
 29,016
 28,796
28,274
 29,051
 28,465
 28,966
Diluted29,998
 29,594
 30,139
 29,641
28,274
 30,231
 28,465
 30,139
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(in thousands)
 
 Three months ended Six months ended
 November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015 November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015
        
Net income$7,296
 $11,430
 $13,905
 $18,277
Other comprehensive loss: 
  
    
Foreign currency translation adjustments(3,580) (384) (7,163) (1,036)
Comprehensive income3,716
 11,046
 6,742
 17,241
Less: comprehensive (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interest(3) 5
 (7) (20)
Comprehensive income attributable to Mistras Group, Inc.$3,719
 $11,041
 $6,749
 $17,261
 Three months ended Nine months ended
 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
        
Net income (loss)$(6,953) $7,255
 $(3,038) $13,475
Other comprehensive income: 
  
    
Foreign currency translation adjustments4,443
 (2,641) 11,935
 1,966
Comprehensive income (loss)(2,510) 4,614
 8,897
 15,441
Less: comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest16
 13
 25
 25
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Mistras Group, Inc.$(2,526) $4,601
 $8,872
 $15,416
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
 
Six months endedNine months ended
November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
      
Cash flows from operating activities 
  
 
  
Net income$13,905
 $18,277
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities 
  
Net income (loss)$(3,038) $13,475
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities 
  
Depreciation and amortization15,897
 15,923
23,644
 24,563
Impairment charges15,810
 
Deferred income taxes2,045
 1,809
(4,755) 512
Share-based compensation expense3,313
 3,227
5,179
 5,161
Fair value changes in contingent consideration liabilities381
 (1,068)
Bad debt provision for unexpected customer bankruptcy1,200
 
Fair value adjustments to contingent consideration(880) (582)
Other(1,744) (259)226
 (2,017)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisitions: 
  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisitions 
  
Accounts receivable(5,508) (17,641)(4,017) 9,968
Inventories742
 1,496
(838) 200
Prepaid expenses and other current assets(4,333) (790)
Other assets(145) (9)
Prepaid expenses and other assets995
 (2,777)
Accounts payable(2,455) (1,248)1,466
 (1,761)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities2,581
 5,226
668
 5,247
Income taxes payable1,290
 1,581
(434) 120
Net cash provided by operating activities25,969
 26,524
35,226
 52,109
Cash flows from investing activities 
  
 
  
Purchase of property, plant and equipment(6,846) (7,753)(14,413) (11,238)
Purchase of intangible assets(598) (480)(941) (1,106)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired(8,174) (1,709)(8,356) (1,200)
Proceeds from sale of equipment576
 319
1,194
 1,057
Net cash used in investing activities(15,042) (9,623)(22,516) (12,487)
Cash flows from financing activities 
  
 
  
Repayment of capital lease obligations(3,808) (3,681)(4,878) (6,703)
Proceeds from borrowings of long-term debt196
 1,968
5,599
 761
Repayment of long-term debt(11,056) (15,870)(1,638) (12,187)
Proceeds from revolver44,900
 39,200
38,400
 38,200
Repayments of revolver(25,600) (36,800)
Payment of contingent consideration for acquisitions(796) (394)
Repayment of revolver(26,900) (49,000)
Payment of contingent consideration for business acquisitions(554) (2,919)
Purchases of treasury stock(7,000) 
(15,923) 
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of share-based awards(2,323) (951)(1,497) (2,146)
Excess tax benefit from share-based compensation558
 (303)
 646
Proceeds from exercise of stock options585
 187
277
 857
Net cash used in financing activities(4,344) (16,644)(7,114) (32,491)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(1,510) (233)2,113
 (221)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents5,073
 24
7,709
 6,910
Cash and cash equivalents 
  
 
  
Beginning of period21,188
 10,555
19,154
 9,599
End of period$26,261
 $10,579
$26,863
 $16,509
Supplemental disclosure of cash paid 
  
 
  
Interest$1,849
 $3,010
$3,031
 $2,454
Income taxes$7,637
 $6,223
$2,868
 $9,562
Noncash investing and financing 
  
 
  
Equipment acquired through capital lease obligations$1,707
 $1,555
$2,824
 $7,408
Issuance of notes payable for acquisitions$481
 $
Issuance of notes payable and other debt obligations, primarily related to acquisitions$
 $325
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)








1.                                     Description of Business and Basis of Presentation
 
Description of Business
 
Mistras Group, Inc. and subsidiaries ("the Company") is a leading “one source” global provider of technology-enabled asset protection solutions used to evaluate the structural integrity and reliability of critical energy, industrial and public infrastructure. The Company combines industry-leading products and technologies, expertise in mechanical integrity (MI) and, non-destructive testing (NDT) and mechanical services and proprietary data analysis software to deliver a comprehensive portfolio of customized solutions, ranging from routine inspections to complex, plant-wide asset integrity assessments and management. These mission critical solutions enhance customers’ ability to extend the useful life of their assets, increase productivity, minimize repair costs, comply with governmental safety and environmental regulations, manage risk and avoid catastrophic disasters. The Company serves a global customer base of companies with asset-intensive infrastructure, including companies in the oil and gas, fossil and nuclear power, alternative and renewable energy, public infrastructure, chemicals, commercial aerospace and defense, transportation, primary metals and metalworking, pharmaceutical/biotechnology and food processing industries and research and engineering institutions.
 
Basis of Presentation
 
The condensed consolidated financial statements contained in this report are unaudited. In the opinion of management, the condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, which are of a normal recurring nature, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods of the fiscal years ending MayDecember 31, 2017 and 2016. Reference to a fiscal year means the fiscal year ended May 31, which has historically been the end of the Company's fiscal year. See Note 15 regarding a change in the Company’s fiscal year. For purposes of this report, references to fiscal 2017 and 2016 shall mean to our historical fiscal year periods, without adjusting for the change in the fiscal year.

Certain items included in these statements are based on management’s estimates. Actual results may differ from those estimates. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the year. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the notes to the audited consolidated financial statements contained in the Company’s AnnualTransition Report on Form 10-K (“2016 AnnualTransition Report”) for fiscalthe transition period ended December 31, 2016, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 15, 2016.March 20, 2017.
 
Principles of Consolidation
 
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Mistras Group, Inc. and its wholly and majority-owned subsidiaries. For subsidiaries in which the Company’s ownership interest is less than 100%, the noncontrollingnon-controlling interests are reported in stockholders’ equity in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The noncontrollingnon-controlling interests in net income, net of tax, is classified separately in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income.
All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Mistras Group, Inc.’s and its subsidiaries’
On January 3, 2017, the Company's Board of Directors approved a change in the Company's fiscal yearsyear end onfrom May 31 exceptto December 31, effective December 31, 2016. The transition period was for the subsidiaries in seven months ended December 31, 2016 ("the transition period"). Prior to this change, the Company's International segment which end on April 30. Accordingly, the Company’s International segment subsidiaries arewas consolidated on a one month lag. Therefore, infor this interim report, the quarter and year of acquisition, results of acquired subsidiaries incondensed consolidated income statements include a one month lag for the International segment are generally included in consolidated results for one less month than the actual number ofthree and nine months from the acquisition date to the end of the reporting period.ended September 30, 2016. Management does not believe that any events occurred during the one-month lag period that would have a material effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. The one- month lag was removed with the change in the Company's fiscal year noted above, and accordingly, the condensed consolidated income statements do not include a one month lag for the International segment's results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017.

Reclassification

Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. Such reclassifications did not have a material effect on the Company's financial condition or results of operations as previously reported.

Customers


Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)






One customer, accounted for approximately 13% of our revenues and 12% of accounts receivable for the six months ended November 30, 2016 and as of November 30, 2016, respectively, which primarily were generated from the Services segment. Nosegment, accounted for approximately 10% and 11% of our revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. This customer accounted for 10% or more8% of accounts receivable as of September 30, 2017. One customer accounted for 14% and 12% of our revenues or accounts receivable for the sixthree and nine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 2015.2016.

Significant Accounting Policies
 
The Company’s significant accounting policies are disclosed in Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Company's 2016 AnnualTransition Report. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates and assumptions, including among other things, those related to revenue recognition, valuations of accounts receivable, long-lived assets, goodwill, deferred tax assets and uncertain tax positions. Since the date of the 2016 AnnualTransition Report, there have been no material changes to the Company's significant accounting policies.


Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)



Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014,August 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. This ASU will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, as a result of a one year deferral in the standard issued by the FASB in August 2015 with ASUAccounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers -(Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date.Date, Earlywhich defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09 for all entities by one year. This update is effective for public business entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those reporting periods. Earlier application is not permitted.permitted only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. ASU 2014-09 will become effective for us beginning 2018, which is when we plan to adopt this standard. The standardASU permits the usetwo methods of eitheradoption: retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented (full retrospective method), or retrospectively with the retrospective or cumulative effect of initially applying the guidance recognized at the date of initial application (the cumulative catch-up transition method.method). The ASU also requires expanded disclosures relating to the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. Additionally, qualitative and quantitative disclosures are required about customer contracts, significant judgments and changes in judgments, and assets recognized from the costs to obtain or fulfill a contract. The Company isplans to adopt this guidance using the cumulative catch-up method. We are still in the process of evaluating the effect that ASU 2014-09 will haveof adoption on itsour condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In September 2015,are currently assessing our contracts with customers across each of its global operating segments. Our assessment is not yet complete and therefore we are unable to quantify the FASB issuedpotential impacts. However, as most of our projects are short-term in nature and billed on at time and materials basis, we do not currently anticipate that the adoption of ASU No. 2015-16, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments. This amendment2014-09 will simplify the accounting for adjustments made to provisional amounts recognizedresult in a business combination and eliminates the requirement to retrospectively account for those adjustments in previous reporting periods. This update will require on the face of the income statement or in the notessubstantial changes to the financial statements the amount recorded in current-period earnings that would have previously been recorded if the adjustment to the provisional amounts had been recognized asoverall pattern or timing of the acquisition date. ASU 2015-16 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company adopted this guidance during the first quarter ended August 31, 2016. There was not a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.our revenue recognition.

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes. This amendment will simplify the presentation of deferred tax assets and liabilities on the balance sheet and require all deferred tax assets and liabilities to be treated as non-current. ASU 2015-17 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. The Company doesadopted this guidance prospectively beginning in the first quarter of 2017, which did not expect that ASU 2015-17 will have a material impact on itsthe condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This amendment supersedes previous accounting guidance (Topic 840) and requires all leases, with the exception of leases with a term of 12 months or less, to be recorded on the balance sheet as lease assets and lease liabilities. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The standard requires lessees and lessors to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. The Company is evaluating the effect that ASU 2016-02 will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Stock Compensation (Topic 718). This amendment will simplifysimplifies certain aspects of accounting for share-based payment transactions, which include accounting for income taxes and the related impact on the statement of cash flows, an option to account for forfeitures when they occur in addition to the existing guidance to estimate the forfeitures of awards, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities and classification on the statement of cash flows for employee taxes paid to tax authorities on shares withheld for vesting. ASU 2016-09 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. Upon adoptionThe Company adopted this guidance prospectively beginning in the first quarter of this standard,2017, and accordingly, is recording excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies will be recognized as a component of income tax expense,expense.


Mistras Group, Inc. and the tax effects of exercised or vested awards will be treated as discrete itemsSubsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in the period in which they occur.thousands, except per share data)






In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230). This amendment will provide guidance on the presentation and classification of specific cash flow items to improve consistency within the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-15 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact that ASU 2016-15 will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230). This amendment will clarify the presentation of restricted cash on the statement of cash flows. Amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning and ending cash balances on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-18 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect that ASU 2016-18 will have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Mistras Group, Inc.In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and SubsidiariesOther (Topic 350). This amendment eliminates Step Two of the goodwill impairment test. Under the amendments in this update, entities should perform the annual goodwill impairment test by comparing the carrying value of its reporting units to their fair value. An entity should record an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. Tax deductibility of goodwill should be considered in evaluating any reporting unit's impairment loss to be taken. ASU 2017-04 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company has early adopted ASU 2017-04 in the third quarter of 2017 for its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. See Notes 7 and 8 for information on the impairment of assets in the Products and Systems reporting unit during the three months ended September 30, 2017.
Notes
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718) Scope of Modification Accounting. This amendment provides guidance concerning which changes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollarsthe terms or conditions of a share-based payment require an entity to apply modification accounting. Certain changes to stock awards, notably administrative changes, do not require modification accounting. There are three specific criteria that need to be met in order to prove that modification accounting is not required. ASU 2017-09 is effective for fiscal years, and shares in thousands, except per share data)interim period within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact that ASU 2017-09 will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.



2.                                     Share-Based Compensation
 
The Company has share-based incentive awards outstanding to its eligible employees and Directorsnon-employee directors under three equity incentive plans: (i) the 2007 Stock Option Plan (the 2007 Plan), (ii) the 2009 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the 2009 Plan) and (iii) the 2016 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the 2016 Plan).Plan. No further awards may be granted under the 2007 orand 2009 Plans, although awards granted under the 2007 and 2009 Plans remain outstanding in accordance with their terms. Awards granted under the 2016 Plan may be in the form of stock options, restricted stock units and other forms of share-based incentives, including performance restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights and deferred stock rights.
 
Stock Options
 
For the three and six months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company did not recognize any share-based compensation expense related to stock option awards.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company did not recognize any share-based compensation expense and recognized less than $0.1 million, respectively, related to stock option awards.

No unrecognized compensation costs remained related to stock option awards as of NovemberSeptember 30, 2016.

For the three and six months ended November 30, 2015, the Company recognized share-based compensation expense related to stock option awards of less than $0.1 million.2017.
 
No stock options were granted during the sixthree and nine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 20162017 and NovemberSeptember 30, 2015.2016.

A summary of the stock option activity, weighted average exercise prices and options outstanding as of NovemberSeptember 30, 20162017 and 20152016 is as follows:

Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)






For the six months ended November 30, For the nine months ended September 30, 
2016 2015 2017 2016 
Common
Stock
Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Common
Stock
Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Common
Stock
Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Common
Stock
Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Outstanding at beginning of period:2,232
 $13.21
 2,287
 $13.13
 2,167
 $13.33
 2,265
 $13.16
 
Granted
 $
 
 $
 
 $
 
 $
 
Exercised(62) $9.42
 (22) $10.18
 (37) $7.39
 (87) $9.83
 
Expired or forfeited
 $
 
 $
 
 $
 
 $
 
Outstanding at end of period:2,170
 $13.32
 2,265
 $13.16
 2,130
 $13.43
 2,178
 $13.29
 
 
Restricted Stock Unit Awards
 
For both the three months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 20162017 and NovemberSeptember 30, 2015,2016, the Company recognized share-based compensation expense related to restricted stock unit awards of $1.1 million. million and $1.2 million, respectively.

For both the sixnine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 20162017 and NovemberSeptember 30, 2015,2016, the Company recognized share-based compensation expense related to restricted stock unit awards of $2.2 million.$3.4 million for each respective period. As of NovemberSeptember 30, 2016,2017, there was $9.8$8.1 million of unrecognized compensation costs, net of estimated forfeitures, related to restricted stock unit awards, which are expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted average period of 2.82.4 years.
 
During the sixfirst nine months ended November 30,of 2017 and 2016, and 2015, the Company granted approximately 10,00021,000 and 15,00022,000 shares, respectively, of fully-vested common stock to its five non-employee directors, in connection with itsas provided for under the Company's non-employee director compensation plan. These shares had grant date fair values of $0.3$0.4 million and $0.2$0.5 million, respectively, which was recorded as share-based compensation expense during the sixnine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 20162017 and NovemberSeptember 30, 2015,2016, respectively.
 
During the sixfirst nine months ended November 30,of 2017 and 2016, approximately 175,000 and 2015, approximately 207,000 and 217,000182,000 restricted stock units respectively, vested.vested for each period. The fair value of these units was $5.1$3.2 million and $3.4$4.5 million respectively.for each respective period. Upon vesting, restricted stock units are generally net share-settled to cover the required minimum withholding tax and the remaining amount is converted into an equivalent number of shares of common stock.


Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)



A summary of the Company's outstanding, nonvestednon-vested restricted stockshare units is presented below:

For the six months ended November 30,For the nine months ended September 30,
2016 20152017 2016
Units Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
 Units Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
Units Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
 Units Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
Outstanding at beginning of period:575
 $18.85
 564
 $20.47
569
 $20.81
 595
 $18.89
Granted219
 $24.48
 263
 $16.72
124
 $21.21
 218
 $24.51
Released(207) $19.40
 (217) $19.80
(175) $20.61
 (182) $19.66
Forfeited(17) $19.42
 (8) $19.23
(30) $21.21
 (26) $19.24
Outstanding at end of period:570
 $20.81
 602
 $18.85
488
 $20.97
 605
 $20.68

 
Performance Restricted Stock Units

The Company maintains Performance Restricted Stock Units (PRSUs) that have been granted to select executives and senior officers whose ultimate payout is based on the Company’s performance over a one-year period based on three metrics, as defined: (1) Operating Income, (2) Adjusted EBITDAS and (3) Revenue. There also is a discretionary portion of the PRSUs

Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)






based on individual performance, at the discretion of the Compensation Committee (Discretionary PRSUs). PRSUs and Discretionary PRSUs generally vest ratably on each of the first four anniversary dates upon completion of the performance period, for a total requisite service period of up to five years and have no dividend rights.

PRSUs are equity-classified and compensation costs are initially measured using the fair value of the underlying stock at the date of grant, assuming that the target performance conditions will be achieved. Compensation costs related to the PRSUs are subsequently adjusted for changes in the expected outcomes of the performance conditions.

Discretionary PRSUs are liability-classified and adjusted to fair value (with a corresponding adjustment to compensation expense) based upon the targeted number of shares to be awarded and the fair value of the underlying stock each reporting period until approved by the Compensation Committee, at which point they are classified as equity.

A summary of the Company's Performance Restricted Stock Unit activity is presented below:

For the six months ended November 30, 2016 For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 
Units Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
 Units Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
 
Outstanding at beginning of period:328
 $17.02
 290
 $16.01
 
Granted105
 $24.90
 128
 $20.42
 
Performance condition adjustments, net(7) $24.06
 
Performance condition adjustments(67) $20.55
 
Released(89) $24.50
 (64) $14.87
 
Forfeited
 $
 
 $
 
Outstanding at end of period:337
 $17.22
 287
 $17.07
 
        
        


During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Compensation Committee modified the awards issued during the transition period ended December 31, 2016 from a one-year performance period to a seven month performance period to align the awards with the change in the Company's fiscal year from May 31 to December 31. Accordingly, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Compensation Committee approved these transition period PRSUs, which resulted in a reduction of approximately 3,000 units. There was a reduction of approximately 64,000 units to the awards granted in 2017 during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

As of September 30, 2017, the liability related to Discretionary PRSUs was less than $0.1 million and is classified within accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

For the three months ended September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, the Company recognized aggregate share-based compensation expense related to the awards described above of approximately $0.4 million and $0.5 million, respectively.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, the Company recognized aggregate share-based compensation expense related to the awards described above of approximately $1.3 million for each respective period.
At September 30, 2017, there was $2.7 million of total unrecognized compensation costs related to approximately 287,000 non-vested performance restricted stock units, which are expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted average period of 2.1 years.

3.Earnings per Share

Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)




During the three months ended August 31, 2016, the Compensation Committee approved an additional 19,000 units pertaining to the 2016 Discretionary PRSUs. There was a 26,000 unit reduction to the fiscal 2017 awards during the three months ended November 30, 2016.

As of November 30, 2016, the aggregate liability related to 21,000 outstanding Discretionary PRSUs was less than $0.1 million, and is classified within accrued expenses and other liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.
For the three months ended November 30, 2016 and November 30, 2015, the Company recognized aggregate share-based compensation expense related to the awards described above of approximately $0.3 million and $0.2 million, respectively. For the six months ended November 30, 2016 and November 30, 2015, the Company recognized aggregate share-based compensation expense related to the awards described above of approximately $0.9 million and $0.8 million, respectively. At November 30, 2016, there was $4.7 million of total unrecognized compensation costs related to 337,000 non-vested performance restricted stock units, which are expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted average period of 3.9 years.



3.Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the sum of (1) the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, and (2) the dilutive effect of assumed conversion of equity awards using the treasury stock method. With respect to the number of weighted-average shares outstanding (denominator), diluted shares reflects: (i) the exercise of options to acquire common stock to the extent that the options’ exercise prices are less than the average market price of common shares during the period and (ii) the pro forma vesting of restricted stock units.
 
The following table sets forth the computations of basic and diluted earnings per share:
 
Three months ended Six months endedThree months ended Nine months ended
November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015 November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
              
Basic earnings per share 
  
    
Basic earnings (loss) per share: 
  
    
Numerator: 
  
     
  
    
Net income attributable to Mistras Group, Inc.$7,270
 $11,425
 $13,866
 $18,297
Net income (loss) attributable to Mistras Group, Inc.$(6,968) $7,238
 $(3,059) $13,446
Denominator: 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
Weighted average common shares outstanding29,056
 28,869
 29,016
 28,796
28,274
 29,051
 28,465
 28,966
Basic earnings per share$0.25
 $0.40
 $0.48
 $0.64
Basic earnings (loss) per share$(0.25) $0.25
 $(0.11) $0.46
              
Diluted earnings per share: 
  
    
Diluted earnings (loss) per share: 
  
    
Numerator: 
  
     
  
    
Net income attributable to Mistras Group, Inc.$7,270
 $11,425
 $13,866
 $18,297
Net income (loss) attributable to Mistras Group, Inc.$(6,968) $7,238
 $(3,059) $13,446
Denominator: 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
Weighted average common shares outstanding29,056
 28,869
 29,016
 28,796
28,274
 29,051
 28,465
 28,966
Dilutive effect of stock options outstanding745
 592
 788
 610
n/a
(1) 
814
 n/a
(1) 
810
Dilutive effect of restricted stock units outstanding197
 133
 335
 235
n/a
(2) 
366
 n/a
(2) 
363
29,998
 29,594
 30,139
 29,641
28,274
 30,231
 28,465
 30,139
Diluted earnings per share$0.24
 $0.39
 $0.46
 $0.62
Diluted earnings (loss) per share$(0.25) $0.24
 $(0.11) $0.45

(1)  - For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, 716 and 802 shares, respectively were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS due to the net loss for the respective periods.

(2) - For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, 308 and 337 shares, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS due to the net loss for the respective periods.

Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)






4.                                     Acquisitions

During the sixnine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 2016,2017, the Company completed three acquisitions. The Company purchased three companies, two acquisitions, one that provide NDTperforms mechanical services at height, located in Canada, and one that provides mechanical services,a company located in the U.S. that primarily performs chemical and specialty process services, primarily in the aerospace industry.

For the CanadianIn these acquisitions, the Company acquired the assets of the U.S. acquiree and 100% of the common stock of both acquireesthe Canada acquiree in exchange for aggregate consideration of $1.2$8.5 million in cash, $0.3 million of notes payable and contingent consideration estimatedup to be $0.4$5.9 million to be earned based upon the acquired businesses achieving specific performance metrics over their initial three years of operations from their acquisition dates. For the U.S. acquisition, the Company acquired assets of the acquiree in exchange for aggregate consideration of $7.0 million in cash, $0.2 million of notes payable and contingent consideration estimated to be $1.2 million to be earned based upon the acquired businessesbusiness achieving specific performance metrics over the initial three years of operations from itsthe acquisition date.date and $1.6 million for working capital adjustments yet to be finalized. The Company accounted for these three transactions in accordance with the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations.

The assets and liabilities of the businesses acquired in fiscal 2017 were included in the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet based upon their estimated fair values on the date of acquisition as determined in a preliminary purchase price allocation, using available information and making assumptions management believes are reasonable. The Company is still in the process of completing its valuationvaluations of the assets both tangible and intangible, and liabilities acquired. The results of operations for these acquisitions are included in the Services segment's results from the date of acquisition. Goodwill of $4.3 million primarily relates to expected synergies and assembled workforce, of which $1.8 million is generally deductible for tax purposes. Other intangible assets, primarily related to customer relationships and covenants not to compete, were $8.4 million.

The Company's preliminary purchase price allocations are included in the table below, summarizing the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition:

Fiscal
20172017
Number of Entities3
2
Consideration transferred:  
Cash paid$8,196
$8,509
Notes payable481
Working capital adjustments1,604
Contingent consideration1,630
4,126
Consideration transferred$10,307
$14,239
  
Current assets$1,781
$2,443
Property, plant and equipment953
1,140
Long-term net deferred tax asset434
Intangible assets3,367
8,436
Goodwill3,986
4,271
Current liabilities(214)(881)
Long-term deferred tax liability(1,170)
Net assets acquired$10,307
$14,239

Revenues and operating income included in the condensed consolidated statement of operations for fiscal 2017 from these acquisitions for the period subsequent to the closing of these transactions werethis transaction was approximately $1.7$9.1 million and less than $0.1$1.1 million, respectively. As these acquisitions were immaterial on an individual basis and into the aggregate,Company's 2017 results, no unaudited pro forma financial information has been included in this report.report for either acquisition.

The Company completed one acquisition in the first six months of fiscal 2016. The Company purchased a companytwo acquisitions that provides unmanned aerial systems andprovide NDT services, located in Canada, during the U.S. In this acquisition, thenine months ended September 30, 2016. The Company acquired 100% of the common stock of the acquireeboth acquirees in exchange for aggregate
consideration of $1.8$1.2 million in cash, $0.3 million of notes payable and contingent consideration estimated to be $0.9$0.4 million to
be earned based upon the acquired businessbusinesses achieving specific performance metrics over thetheir initial fourthree years of operations
from their acquisition dates.


Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)




years of operations from the acquisition date. The Company accounted for this transaction in accordance with the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations.

Acquisition-Related Expense 
 
DuringIn the three and six months ended November 30, 2016 and 2015,course of its acquisition activities, the Company incurred acquisition-relatedincurs costs of $0.2 million and less than $0.1 million, respectively, in connection with due diligence, professional fees, and other expenses for its acquisition activities.expenses. Additionally, the Company adjustedadjusts the fair value of certain previously recorded acquisition-related contingent consideration liabilities. These adjustments resulted in a net (increase) decrease of acquisition-related contingent consideration liabilities andon a corresponding (decrease) increase in income from operations of less than $(0.1) million and $0.2 million, for the three months ended November 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively and $(0.4) million and $1.1 million for the six months ended November 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company’s aggregate acquisition-related contingent consideration liabilities were $3.2 million and $2.1 million as of November 30, 2016 and May 31, 2016, respectively.

Fair value adjustments to acquisition-related contingent consideration liabilities and acquisition-related transaction costs have been classifiedquarterly basis. These amounts are recorded as acquisition-related expense (benefit), net, inon the condensed consolidated statements of income and were as follows for the three and six month periodsnine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 20162017 and November 30, 2015.2016:

 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Due diligence, professional fees and other transaction costs$
 $28
 $291
 $577
Adjustments to fair value of contingent consideration liabilities(248) 356
 (880) (676)
Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net$(248) $384
 $(589) $(99)



5.                                     Accounts Receivable, net
 
Accounts receivable consisted of the following:
 
November 30, 2016 May 31, 2016September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
      
Trade accounts receivable$143,876
 $140,820
$144,503
 $133,704
Allowance for doubtful accounts(2,509) (2,907)(4,314) (2,852)
Accounts receivable, net$141,367
 $137,913
$140,189
 $130,852
 


6.                                     Property, Plant and Equipment, net
 
Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following:
 
Useful Life
(Years)
 November 30, 2016 May 31, 2016
Useful Life
(Years)
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
        
Land  $1,723
 $1,735
  $1,909
 $1,714
Buildings and improvements30-40 19,050
 19,364
30-40 22,735
 19,261
Office furniture and equipment5-8 8,971
 8,692
5-8 13,941
 12,574
Machinery and equipment5-7 174,119
 173,053
5-7 179,681
 166,423
  203,863
 202,844
  218,266
 199,972
Accumulated depreciation and amortization  (129,283) (124,168)  (141,093) (126,823)
Property, plant and equipment, net  $74,580
 $78,676
  $77,173
 $73,149
 
Depreciation expense for the three months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 20162017 and NovemberSeptember 30, 20152016 was $5.7 million and $5.5$5.8 million, respectively.

Depreciation expense for the sixnine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016 and November 30, 2015 was $11.6$16.8 million and $11.1$17.6 million, respectively.

 
7.     Goodwill
 

Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)






Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment is shown below:
 Services International Products and Systems Total
Balance at May 31, 2015$117,279
 $35,938
 $13,197
 $166,414
Goodwill acquired (disposed) during the year2,728
 (374) 
 2,354
Adjustments to preliminary purchase price allocations270
 
 
 270
Foreign currency translation(594) 776
 
 182
Balance at May 31, 2016$119,683
 $36,340
 $13,197
 $169,220
Goodwill acquired during the year3,986
 
 
 3,986
Adjustments to preliminary purchase price allocations(19) 
 
 (19)
Foreign currency translation(369) (1,758) 
 (2,127)
Balance at November 30, 2016$123,281
 $34,582
 $13,197
 $171,060
 Services International Products and Systems Total
Balance at December 31, 2016$123,392
 $33,351
 $13,197
 $169,940
Goodwill acquired during the period4,271
 
 
 4,271
Impairment charges
 
 (13,197) (13,197)
Adjustments to preliminary purchase price allocations(211) 
 
 (211)
Foreign currency translation1,028
 3,873
 
 4,901
Balance at September 30, 2017$128,480
 $37,224
 $
 $165,704
 
The Company reviews goodwill for impairment on a reporting unit basis on MarchOctober 1 of each year and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable.

During the second quarter of 2017, there were pending contract bids which management assessed as having a reasonable chance of success. These contract bids were not awarded to the Company. As a result of November 30, 2016,this missed opportunity, the annual forecasting process was accelerated, resulting in lower future operating profits and cash flows. As such, there were indicators that the carrying amount of the goodwill for the Products and Systems reporting unit may not be recoverable due to the decline in the projected future cash flows.

The Company did not identifyperformed an analysis to determine any changesimpairment of long-lived assets (see Note 8) as well as an analysis to determine any impairment of goodwill. For the goodwill analysis, we used income and market approaches to estimate the fair value of the reporting unit, which requires significant judgment in circumstancesevaluation of economic and industry trends, estimated future cash flows, discount rates and other factors, and compared that would indicatefair value to the carrying value, and determined that the fair value of the reporting unit was less than the carrying value. The Company recorded an impairment charge of $13.2 million, based on the difference between the fair value and the carrying value of the reporting unit, which resulted in an impairment of the entire amount of goodwill may not be recoverable.for the Products and Systems reporting unit.

The Company's cumulative goodwill impairment for eachas of September 30, 2017 was $23.1 million, of which $13.2 million related to the periods ended November 30, 2016, MayProducts and Systems segment and $9.9 million related to the International segment. As of December 31, 2016, and May 31, 2015the cumulative goodwill impairment was $9.9 million, which is within its International segment.

8.                                     Intangible Assets
 
The gross amount, accumulated amortization and net carrying amount of intangible assets were as follows:
 
  November 30, 2016 May 31, 2016  September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Useful Life
(Years)
 
Gross
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Carrying
Amount
 
Gross
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Carrying
Amount
Useful Life
(Years)
 
Gross
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 Impairment 
Net
Carrying
Amount
 
Gross
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Carrying
Amount
                          
Customer relationships5-12 $82,463
 $(50,111) $32,352
 $81,262
 $(47,747) $33,515
5-14 $92,488
 $(56,582) $(170) $35,736
 $81,559
 $(50,417) $31,142
Software/Technology3-15 18,083
 (12,504) 5,579
 17,539
 (11,855) 5,684
3-15 19,219
 (13,804) (2,411) 3,004
 18,128
 (12,577) 5,551
Covenants not to compete2-5 11,148
 (9,592) 1,556
 10,791
 (9,290) 1,501
2-5 11,687
 (10,227) 
 1,460
 11,143
 (9,647) 1,496
Other2-5 8,039
 (5,389) 2,650
 7,827
 (5,035) 2,792
2-12 8,262
 (6,188) (32) 2,042
 7,266
 (5,448) 1,818
Total  $119,733
 $(77,596) $42,137
 $117,419
 $(73,927) $43,492
  $131,656
 $(86,801) $(2,613) $42,242
 $118,096
 $(78,089) $40,007
 
Amortization expense for the three months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016 and November 30, 2015 was $2.2$2.4 million and $2.4$2.1 million, respectively.

Amortization expense for the sixnine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016 and November 30, 2015 was $4.3$6.8 million and $4.8$6.9 million, respectively.


Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)






As described in Note 7, the Company performed an analysis to determine whether there was any impairment of long-lived assets for the Products and Systems reporting unit. We used income and market approaches to estimate the fair value of the long-lived assets, which requires significant judgment in evaluation of the useful lives of the assets, economic and industry trends, estimated future cash flows, discount rates, and other factors. The result of the analysis was an impairment of $2.4 million to software/technology, $0.2 million to customer relationships and less than $0.1 million to other intangibles, which are included in the impairment charges line on the condensed consolidated statements of income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017.
9.                                     Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following:
 
November 30, 2016 May 31, 2016September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
      
Accrued salaries, wages and related employee benefits$29,400
 $31,566
$29,763
 $23,442
Contingent consideration, current portion1,982
 1,029
2,999
 1,826
Accrued workers’ compensation and health benefits6,848
 4,834
5,740
 6,351
Deferred revenue3,092
 3,332
5,440
 3,743
Legal settlement accrual6,320
 6,320
Litigation accrual1,200
 6,320
Other accrued expenses16,615
 15,902
20,466
 17,015
Total accrued expenses and other liabilities$64,257
 $62,983
$65,608
 $58,697
 
10.                              Long-Term Debt
 
Long-term debt consisted of the following:
November 30, 2016 May 31, 2016September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
      
Senior credit facility$88,011
 $68,999
$95,050
 $82,776
Notes payable379
 10,111
230
 320
Other4,970
 5,899
9,013
 4,200
Total debt93,360
 85,009
104,293
 87,296
Less: Current portion(2,028) (12,553)(2,490) (1,379)
Long-term debt, net of current portion$91,332
 $72,456
$101,803
 $85,917
 
Senior Credit Facility
 
On October 31, 2014, the Company entered into a Third Amendment and Modification Agreement of itsThe Company's revolving line of credit the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“Credit Agreement”), dated December 21, 2011,agreement with its lending group. The banking group ("Credit AgreementAgreement") provides the Company with a $175.0 million revolving line of credit, which, under certain circumstances, the line of credit can be increased to $225.0 million. The Company may borrow up to $30.0 million in non-U.S. Dollar currencies and use up to $10.0 million of the credit limit for the issuance of letters of credit. The Credit Agreement has a maturity date of October 30, 2019. As of NovemberSeptember 30, 2016,2017, the Company had borrowings of $88.0$95.1 million and a total of $5.7$5.0 million of letters of credit outstanding under the Credit Agreement.
 
Loans under the Credit Agreement bear interest at LIBOR plus an applicable LIBOR margin ranging from 1% to 1.75%, or a base rate less a margin of 1.25% to 0.375%, at the option of the Company, based upon the Company’s Funded Debt Leverage Ratio. Funded Debt Leverage Ratio is generallydefined as the ratio of (1) all outstanding indebtedness for borrowed money and other interest-bearing indebtedness as of the date of determination to (2) EBITDA (which is (a) net income, less (b) income (or plus loss) from discontinued operations and extraordinary items, plus (c) income tax expenses, plus (d) interest expense, plus (e) depreciation, depletion, and amortization (including non-cash loss on retirement of assets), plus (f) stock compensation expense, less (g) cash expense related to stock compensation, plus or minus certain other adjustments) for the period of four consecutive fiscal quarters immediately preceding the date of determination. The Company has the benefit of the lowest margin if its Funded Debt Leverage Ratio is equal to or less than 0.5 to 1, and the margin increases as the ratio increases, to the maximum margin if the ratio is greater than 2.0 to 1. The Company will also bear additional costs for market disruption, regulatory changes effecting the lenders’ funding costs, and default pricing of an additional 2% interest rate margin on any

Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)






amounts not paid when due. Amounts borrowed under the Credit Agreement are secured by liens on substantially all of the assets of the Company.
 
The Credit Agreement contains financial covenants requiring that the Company maintain a Funded Debt Leverage Ratio of no greater than 3.25 to 1 and an Interest Coverage Ratio of at least 3.0 to 1. Interest Coverage Ratio meansis defined as the ratio, as of any date

Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)



of determination, of (a) EBITDA for the 12 month period immediately preceding the date of determination, to (b) all interest, premium payments, debt discount, fees, charges and related expenses of the Company and its subsidiaries in connection with borrowed money (including capitalized interest) or in connection with the deferred purchase price of assets, in each case to the extent treated as interest in accordance with GAAP, paid during the 12 month period immediately preceding the date of determination. The Credit Agreement also limits the Company’s ability to, among other things, create liens, make investments, incur more indebtedness, merge or consolidate, make dispositions of property, pay dividends and make distributions to stockholders, enter into a new line of business, enter into transactions with affiliates and enter into burdensome agreements. The Credit Agreement does not limit the Company’s ability to acquire other businesses or companies except that the acquired business or company must be in the Company's line of business, the Company must be in compliance with the financial covenants on a pro forma basis after taking into account the acquisition, and, if the acquired business is a separate subsidiary, in certain circumstances the lenders will receive the benefit of a guaranty of the subsidiary and liens on its assets and a pledge of its stock.
 
As of NovemberSeptember 30, 2016,2017, the Company was in compliance with the terms of the Credit Agreement, and will continuously monitor its compliance with the covenants contained in its credit agreement.Credit Agreement.
 
Notes Payable and Other
 
In connection with certain of its acquisitions, the Company issued subordinated notes payable to the sellers. The maturity of the notes that remain outstanding are three years from the date of acquisition and bear interest at the prime rate for the Bank of Canada, currently 2.7%3.2% as of NovemberSeptember 30, 2016.2017. Interest expense is recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of income.
 
The Company has evaluated current market conditions and borrower credit quality and has determined that the carrying value of its long-term debt approximates fair value. The fair value of the Company’s notes payable and capital lease obligations approximates their carrying amounts based on anticipated interest rates which management believes would currently be available to the Company for similar issuances of debt.

11.                              Fair Value Measurements
 
The Company performs fair value measurements in accordance with the guidance provided by ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. ASC 820 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. It also establishes a three level hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The three levels of the hierarchy are defined as follows:

Level 1 — Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2 — Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability and inputs derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3 — Unobservable inputs reflecting the Company’s own assumptions about inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available.
In accordance with the fair value hierarchy described above, the following table shows the fair value of the Company’s financial liabilities that are required to be remeasuredFinancial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
 November 30, 2016
 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Liabilities: 
  
  
  
Contingent consideration$
 $
 $3,237
 $3,237
Total Liabilities$
 $
 $3,237
 $3,237
basis

Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)



 May 31, 2016
 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Liabilities: 
  
  
  
Contingent consideration$
 $
 $2,075
 $2,075
Total Liabilities$
 $
 $2,075
 $2,075
The fair value of contingent consideration liabilities that was classified as Level 3 in the table above was estimated using a discounted cash flow technique with significant inputs that are not observable in the market and thus represents a Level 3 fair value measurement as defined in ASC 820. The significant inputs in the Level 3 measurement not supported by market activity include the probability assessments of expected future cash flows related to the acquisitions, appropriately discounted considering the uncertainties associated with the obligation, and as calculated in accordance with the terms of the applicable acquisition agreements.

Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)







The following table represents the changes in the fair value of Level 3 contingent consideration:
  Nine months ended
  September 30, 2017
Beginning balance $3,094
Acquisitions 4,126
Payments (554)
Accretion of liability 198
Revaluation (1,078)
Foreign currency translation 28
Ending balance $5,814
Financial instruments not measured at fair value on a recurring basis
The Company has evaluated current market conditions and borrower credit quality and has determined that the carrying value of its long-term debt approximates fair value. The fair value of the Company’s notes payable and capital lease obligations approximates their carrying amounts based on anticipated interest rates which management believes would currently be available to the Company for similar issuances of debt.

 
12.                              Commitments and Contingencies
 
Legal Proceedings and Government Investigations
 
The Company is subject to periodic lawsuits, investigations and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company cannot predict with certainty the ultimate resolution of lawsuits, investigations and claims asserted against it. Except possibly for certain of the matters described below, the Company does not believe that any currently pending legal proceeding to which the Company is a party will have a material adverse effect on its business, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition. The costs of defense and amounts that may be recovered against the Company may be covered by insurance for certain matters. The Company has accrued an aggregate of approximately $1.6 million for losses related to the matters described below, net of insurance, for which the Company has stated that an accrual has been established. This $1.6 million accrual does not include the California class action matter, described below, as to which the settlement amount has been fully paid.

Litigation and Commercial Claims
 
The Company is currently a defendant insettled a consolidated purported class and collective action Edgar Viceral and David Kruger v Mistras Group, et al, pending in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. This matter resultsthat resulted from the consolidation of two cases originally filed in California state court in April 2015. The consolidated case alleges violations of California statutes, primarilyIn connection with the California Labor Code, and seeks to proceed as a collective action undersettlement, the U.S. Fair Labor Standards Act.  The case is predicated on claims for allegedly missed rest and meal periods, inaccurate wage statements, and failure to pay all wages due, as well as related unfair business practices, and is requesting payment of all damages, including unpaid wages, and various fines and penalties available under California and Federal law.

The parties have reached a settlement of the case, whereby the Company agreed to pay $6 million to resolve the allegations and avoid further distraction that would result if the litigation continued. The settlement received preliminary approval by the court in October 2016. The Company recorded a pre-tax charge of $6.3 million induring the fourth quarter of fiscalthree months ended June 30, 2016 forand paid the settlement and payment of payroll taxes and other costs related to the settlement. Upon final approval, the settlement will cover claims dating back to April 2011 in some cases and involves approximately 4,900 current and former employees.February 2017.
 
The Company is a defendant in the lawsuit AGL Services Company v. Mistras Group, IncInc.,., pending in U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, filed November 2016. The case involves radiography work performed by the Company in fiscal 2013 on the construction of a pipeline project in the U.S. The owner of the pipeline project has claimed damages of approximately $5.8 million and contends that certain of the radiography images the Company’s technicians prepared regarding the project did not meet the code quality interpretation standards required by the American Petroleum Institute.  The project ownerAt a trial concluded on October 26, 2017, the jury awarded the plaintiff damages plus interest, which the Company believes is claiming damages as a result of the alleged quality defects of the Company’s radiography images. The complaint alleges damages of approximately $6 million.  The Company is currently unable to determine the likely outcome or reasonably estimate the amount or range of potential liability related to this matter, and accordingly, has not established any reserves for this matter.fully covered by insurance.

The Company’s subsidiary in France has been involved in a dispute with a former owner of a business in France purchased by the Company’s French subsidiary. The former owner received a judgment in his favor in the amount of approximately $0.4 million for payment of the contingent consideration portion of the purchase price for the business. The judgment is being appealed, but the Company recorded a reservean accrual for the full amount ofjudgment during the judgmentthree months ended June 30, 2016. The loss for this matter is included in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016.

accrual set forth above.

Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)







The Company is a defendant in a lawsuit, Triumph Aerostructures, LLC d/b/a Triumph Aerostructures-Vought Aircraft Division v. Mistras Group, Inc., pending in Texas State district court, 193rd193rd Judicial District, Dallas County, Texas, filed September 2016. The plaintiff alleges Mistras delivered in fiscal 2014, a defective Ultrasonic inspection system in 2014 and is alleging damages of approximately $2.3 million,million. The Company has established an accrual for this matter, which is included in the amount it paid for the system. The Company is vigorously defending the case and has not established any reserves for the matter at this time.set forth above.

Government Investigations

In May 2015, the Company received a notice from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) that it performed a preliminary assessment at a leased facility the Company operates in Cudahy, California. Based upon the preliminary assessment, the EPA is conducting an investigation of the site, which includes taking groundwater and soil samples. The purpose of the investigation is to determine whether any hazardous materials were released from the facility. The Company has been informed that certain hazardous materials and pollutants have been found in the ground water in the general vicinity of the site and the EPA is attempting to ascertain the origination or source of these materials and pollutants. Given the historic industrial use of the site, the EPA determined that the site of the Cudahy facility should be examined, along with numerous other sites in the vicinity. At this time, the Company is unable to determine whether it has any liability in connection with this matter and if so, the amount or range of any such liability, and accordingly, has not established any reservesaccruals for this matter.

Acquisition-related contingencies
 
The Company is liable for contingent consideration in connection with certain of its acquisitions. As of NovemberSeptember 30, 2016,2017, total potential acquisition-related contingent consideration ranged from zero to approximately $15.6$8.6 million and would be payable upon the achievement of specific performance metrics by certain of the acquired companies over the next 2.8 years of operations. See Note 4 - Acquisitions to these condensed consolidated financial statements for further information with respect todiscussion of the Company’s acquisitions completed in fiscal 2016 and 2017.acquisitions.
 
13.                              Segment Disclosure
 
The Company’s three operating segments are:
 
Services. This segment provides asset protection solutions primarily in North America with the largest concentration in the United States and the Canadian services business, consisting primarily of non-destructive testing and inspection, mechanical and engineering services that are used to evaluate and maintain the structural integrity and reliability of critical energy, industrial and public infrastructure.
 
International. This segment offers services, products and systems similar to those of the Company’s other two segments to global markets, principally in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia and South America, but not to customers in China and South Korea, which are served by the Products and Systems segment.
 
Products and Systems. This segment designs, manufactures, sells, installs and services the Company’s asset protection products and systems, including equipment and instrumentation, predominantly in the United States.
 
Costs incurred for general corporate services, including finance, legal, and certain other costs that are provided to the segments are reported within Corporate and eliminations. Sales to the International segment from the Products and Systems segment and subsequent sales by the International segment of the same items are recorded and reflected in the operating performance of both segments. Additionally, engineering charges and royalty fees charged to the Services and International segments by the Products and Systems segment are reflected in the operating performance of each segment. All such intersegment transactions are eliminated in the Company’s consolidated financial reporting.
 

Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)






Selected consolidated financial information by segment for the periods shown was as follows (intercompany transactions are eliminated in Corporate and eliminations):
 
Three months ended Six months endedThree months ended Nine months ended
November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015 November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
Revenues 
  
     
  
    
Services$132,418
 $150,463
 $259,108
 $287,868
$137,194
 $127,153
 $397,565
 $395,089
International42,230
 38,425
 79,748
 75,284
38,200
 37,922
 106,360
 105,275
Products and Systems6,686
 7,791
 12,853
 16,477
6,268
 6,807
 16,925
 19,955
Corporate and eliminations(4,692) (1,893) (6,624) (4,990)(2,092) (3,071) (7,524) (5,713)
$176,642
 $194,786
 $345,085
 $374,639
$179,570
 $168,811
 $513,326
 $514,606
 
Three months ended Six months endedThree months ended Nine months ended
November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015 November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
Gross profit 
  
     
  
    
Services$34,184
 $41,118
 $68,629
 $77,687
$34,729
 $33,704
 $100,432
 $102,652
International14,837
 12,106
 27,224
 22,886
10,432
 13,133
 29,720
 33,673
Products and Systems3,230
 3,833
 6,326
 7,755
2,753
 3,686
 7,313
 9,475
Corporate and eliminations(175) (132) (47) (129)(17) 128
 (73) 356
$52,076
 $56,925
 $102,132
 $108,199
$47,897
 $50,651
 $137,392
 $146,156
 
Three months ended Six months endedThree months ended Nine months ended
November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015 November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
Income (loss) from operations 
  
     
  
    
Services$12,172
 $18,815
 $24,641
 $34,214
$11,699
 $12,221
 $31,211
 $30,932
International6,717
 3,971
 11,375
 5,789
1,023
 5,751
 3,866
 8,925
Products and Systems152
 1,055
 289
 2,239
(15,573) 806
 (16,913) 560
Corporate and eliminations(6,533) (4,272) (12,641) (9,741)(7,524) (6,662) (20,287) (17,816)
$12,508
 $19,569
 $23,664
 $32,501
$(10,375) $12,116
 $(2,123) $22,601
 
Income (loss) by operating segment includes intercompany transactions, which are eliminated in Corporate and eliminations.
 
Three months ended Six months endedThree months ended Nine months ended
November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015 November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
Depreciation and amortization 
  
  
   
  
  
  
Services$5,469
 $5,562
 $11,074
 $11,084
$5,543
 $5,516
 $16,330
 $17,224
International1,963
 1,914
 3,921
 3,886
2,004
 1,958
 5,736
 5,881
Products and Systems566
 577
 1,114
 1,140
594
 552
 1,746
 1,718
Corporate and eliminations(104) (90) (212) (187)(46) (107) (168) (260)
$7,894
 $7,963
 $15,897
 $15,923
$8,095
 $7,919
 $23,644
 $24,563
 

Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)






November 30, 2016 May 31, 2016September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Intangible assets, net 
  
 
  
Services$19,945
 $19,022
$24,951
 $19,550
International15,807
 17,703
14,228
 14,139
Products and Systems5,555
 6,054
2,309
 5,482
Corporate and eliminations830
 713
754
 836
$42,137
 $43,492
$42,242
 $40,007
 

November 30, 2016 May 31, 2016September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Total assets 
  
 
  
Services$302,920
 $301,678
$306,323
 $291,539
International135,981
 132,643
150,555
 130,427
Products and Systems31,247
 31,596
13,944
 28,964
Corporate and eliminations22,018
 16,758
13,600
 18,497
$492,166
 $482,675
$484,422
 $469,427
 
Revenues by geographic area for the three and sixnine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively, were as follows:
 
Three months ended Six months endedThree months ended Nine months ended
November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015 November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
Revenues 
  
     
  
    
United States$112,719
 $132,068
 $228,842
 $262,411
$114,249
 $113,409
 $344,808
 $358,343
Other Americas19,957
 23,557
 35,006
 35,086
26,084
 16,940
 59,452
 48,828
Europe37,560
 36,468
 71,054
 71,352
36,264
 33,126
 97,630
 93,265
Asia-Pacific6,406
 2,693
 10,183
 5,790
2,973
 5,336
 11,436
 14,170
$176,642
 $194,786
 $345,085
 $374,639
$179,570
 $168,811
 $513,326
 $514,606


Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(tabular dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)







14. Repurchase of Common Stock

On October 7, 2015, the Company's Board of Directors approved a $50 million stock repurchase plan. As part of this plan, on
August 17, 2016, the Company entered into an agreement with its CEO, Dr. Sotirios Vahaviolos, to purchase up to 1 million of
his shares, commencing in October 2016. Pursuant to the agreement, in general, the Company will purchase from Dr.
Vahaviolos up to $2 million of shares each month, at a 2% discount to the average daily closing price of the Company's common stock for the preceding month. During the quarternine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 2016,2017, the Company purchased approximately 181,000726,000 shares from Dr. Vahaviolos at an average price of $22.07$21.93 per share and an aggregate cost of $4.0$15.9 million. In addition, during this same fiscal quarter,From the inception of the plan through September 30, 2017, the Company repurchasedhas purchased 1,000,000 shares from Dr. Vahaviolos at an average price of $21.92 per share for an aggregate cost of approximately $21.9 million and approximately 146,000 shares in the open market at an average price of $20.48 per share andfor an aggregate cost of approximately $3.0 million. All such repurchased shares are classified as Treasury Stock on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of NovemberSeptember 30, 2016,2017, approximately $43.0$25.1 million remained available to repurchase shares under the stock repurchase plan.

15. Subsequent Event

On January 3, 2017, the Company's Board of Directors approved a change in the Company's fiscal year from May 31 to December 31, effective December 31, 2016. As a result of this change, the Company will file a Transition Report on Form 10-K for the transition period ending December 31, 2016.

ITEM 2.                                               Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) includes a narrative explanation and analysis of our results of operations and financial condition for the three and sixnine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 20162017 and NovemberSeptember 30, 2015.2016. The MD&A should be read together with our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Item 1 in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our AnnualTransition Report on Form 10-K for fiscalthe transition period ended December 31, 2016, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on August 15, 2016March 20, 2017 (“2016 AnnualTransition Report”). Unless otherwise specified or the context otherwise requires, “Mistras,” “the Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Mistras Group, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. The MD&A includes disclosure in the following areas:

Forward-Looking Statements
Overview
Results of Operations
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Historically, our fiscal years ended on May 31. On January 3, 2017, the Company's Board of Directors approved a change in the Company's fiscal year from May 31 to December 31, effective December 31, 2016. In this quarterly report, our fiscal years are identified according to the calendar year in which they historically ended (e.g., the fiscal year ended May 31, 2016 is referred to as “fiscal 2016”), and references to "fiscal 2017" mean the period that would have been the fiscal year ending May 31, 2017, if we had not changed our fiscal year to a calendar year on January 3, 2017 (effective December 31, 2016). The Company will report its financial results for the period of June 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016 on a Transition Report on Form 10-K.

 
Forward-Looking Statements
 
This report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”). Such forward-looking statements include those that express plans, anticipation, intent, contingency, goals, targets or future development and/or otherwise are not statements of historical fact. These forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations and projections about future events and they are subject to risks and uncertainties known and unknown that could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied in such statements.
 

In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology, such as “goals,” or “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “may,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “predicts,” “appears,” “projects,” or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions. You are urged not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, any of which may turn out to be wrong due to inaccurate assumptions, various risks, uncertainties or other factors known and unknown. Factors that could cause or contribute to differences in results and outcomes from those in our forward-looking statements include, without limitation, those discussed in the “Business—Forward-Looking Statements,” and “Risk Factors” sections of our 2016 AnnualTransition Report as well as those discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our other filings with the SEC.Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).
 
Overview
 
We offer our customers “one source for asset protection solutions”® and are a leading global provider of technology-enabled asset protection solutions used to evaluate the structural integrity and reliability of critical energy, industrial and public infrastructure. We combine industry-leading products and technologies, expertise in mechanical integrity (MI), Non-Destructive Testing (NDT), Destructive Testing (DT), mechanical and predictive maintenance (PdM) services, process and fixed asset engineering and consulting services, proprietary data analysis and our world class enterprise inspection database

management and analysis software, PCMS, to deliver a comprehensive portfolio of customized solutions, ranging from routine inspections to complex, plant-wide asset integrity management and assessments. These mission critical solutions enhance our customers’ ability to comply with governmental safety and environmental regulations, extend the useful life of their assets, increase productivity, minimize repair costs, manage risk and avoid catastrophic disasters. Our operations consist of three reportable segments: Services, International and Products and Systems.
 
Services provides asset protection solutions predominantly in North America with the largest concentration in the United States, consisting primarily of NDT, inspection, mechanical and engineering services that are used to evaluate the structural integrity and reliability of critical energy, industrial and public infrastructure.

International offers services, products and systems similar to those of the other segments to global markets, principally in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia and South America, but not to customers in China and South Korea, which are served by the Products and Systems segment.
 
Products and Systems designs, manufactures, sells, installs and services the Company’s asset protection products and systems, including equipment and instrumentation, predominantly in the United States.
 
Given the role our solutions play in ensuring the safe and efficient operation of infrastructure, we provide a majority of our services to our customers on a regular, recurring basis. We serve a global customer base of companies with asset-intensive infrastructure, including companies in the oil and gas (downstream, midstream, upstream and petrochemical), power generation (natural gas, fossil, nuclear, alternative, renewable, and transmission and distribution), public infrastructure, chemicals, commercial aerospace and defense, transportation, primary metals and metalworking, pharmaceutical/biotechnology and food processing industries and research and engineering institutions. We have established long-term relationships as a critical solutions provider to many of the leading companies in our target markets.

We have focused on introducing our advanced asset protection solutions to our customers using proprietary, technology-enabled software and testing instruments, including those developed by our Products and Systems segment. We have made a number of acquisitions in an effort to grow our base of experienced, certified personnel, expand our productservice lines and technical capabilities, increase our geographical reach and leverage our fixed costs. We have increased our capabilities and the size of our customer base through the development of applied technologies and managed support services, organic growth and the integration of acquired companies. These acquisitions have provided us with additional products,service lines, technologies, resources and customers that we believe will enhance our advantages over our competition.

Demand for outsourced asset protection solutions has generally increased over the last ten years, creating demand from which our entire industry has benefited. We believe continued growth can be realized in all of our target markets. However,For most of 2017, current market conditions arehave been soft, driven by lower oil prices which have drivencaused many of the Company’s customers to curtail spending.
Global financial markets continue to experience uncertainty, relatively low consumer confidence, slow economic growth, fluctuating oil pricesspending for our services and volatile currency exchange rates.products. However, during the fall of 2017, market conditions turned modestly positive and we believe these conditions have allowed us to selectively hire new talented individuals that otherwise might not have been available to us,this will continue for the remainder of 2017 and to make acquisitionsthrough the spring of complementary businesses at reasonable valuations.

2018.
 
Results of Operations

 
Condensed consolidated results of operations for the three and sixnine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 20162017 and NovemberSeptember 30, 20152016 were as follows:
 Three months ended Six months ended
 November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015 November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015
 ($ in thousands) ($ in thousands)
Revenues$176,642
 $194,786
 $345,085
 $374,639
Gross profit52,076
 56,925
 102,132
 108,199
Gross profit as a % of Revenue29% 29% 30% 29%
Total operating expenses39,568
 37,356
 78,468
 75,698
Operating expenses as a % of Revenue22% 19% 23% 20%
Income from operations12,508
 19,569
 23,664
 32,501
Income from Operations as a % of Revenue7% 10% 7% 9%
Interest expense928
 1,335
 1,748
 3,257
Income before provision for income taxes11,580
 18,234
 21,916
 29,244
Provision for income taxes4,284
 6,804
 8,011
 10,967
Net income7,296
 11,430
 13,905
 18,277
Less: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of taxes$26
 5
 39
 (20)
Net income attributable to Mistras Group, Inc.$7,270
 $11,425
 $13,866
 $18,297
The Company uses Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP metric, as a measure of its consolidated operating performance and assist in comparing performance from period to period on a consistent basis. A reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income is provided below for the three and six months ended November 30, 2016 and November 30, 2015:

 Three months ended Six months ended
 November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015 November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015
 ($ in thousands) ($ in thousands)
Adjusted EBITDA data 
  
    
Net income attributable to Mistras Group, Inc.$7,270
 $11,425
 $13,866
 $18,297
Interest expense928
 1,335
 1,748
 3,257
Provision for income taxes4,284
 6,804
 8,011
 10,967
Depreciation and amortization7,894
 7,963
 15,897
 15,923
Share-based compensation expense1,407
 1,270
 3,313
 3,227
Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net197
 (75) 591
 (971)
Severance160
 320
 425
 379
Foreign exchange (gain) loss(519) 163
 (1,044) 455
Adjusted EBITDA$21,621
 $29,205
 $42,807
 $51,534
 Three months ended Nine months ended
 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
 ($ in thousands) ($ in thousands)
Revenues$179,570
 $168,811
 $513,326
 $514,606
Gross profit47,897
 50,651
 137,392
 146,156
Gross profit as a % of Revenue27 % 30% 27 % 28%
Total operating expenses58,272
 38,535
 139,515
 123,555
Operating expenses as a % of Revenue32 % 23% 27 % 24%
Income (loss) from operations(10,375) 12,116
 (2,123) 22,601
Income (loss) from Operations as a % of Revenue(6)% 7%  % 4%
Interest expense1,081
 778
 3,114
 2,218
Income (loss) before (benefit) provision for income taxes(11,456) 11,338
 (5,237) 20,383
(Benefit) provision for income taxes(4,503) 4,083
 (2,199) 6,908
Net income (loss)(6,953) 7,255
 (3,038) 13,475
Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interests, net of taxes15
 17
 21
 29
Net income (loss) attributable to Mistras Group, Inc.$(6,968) $7,238
 $(3,059) $13,446
 
Note About Non-GAAP Measures
 
Adjusted EBITDA is a performance measure used by management that is not calculated in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). Adjusted EBITDA is defined in this Report as net income attributable to Mistras Group, Inc. plus: interest expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization, share-based compensation expense, certain acquisition-related costs (including transaction due diligence costs and adjustments to the fair value of contingent consideration), foreign exchange (gain) loss and, if applicable, certain special items which are noted.
Management uses Adjusted EBITDA as a measure for planning and forecasting overall expectations and for evaluating actual results against such expectations. Adjusted EBITDA is also used as the basis for a performance evaluation metric for certain of our executive and employee incentive compensation programs.


Later inIn this MD&A under the heading "Income (loss) from Operations", the non-GAAP financial performance measure "Income from operations(Loss) before special items” is used for each of our three segments, the Corporate segment and the "Total Company", with tables reconciling the measure to a financial measure under GAAP. This non-GAAP measure excludes from the GAAP measure "Income (Loss) from Operations" (a) transaction expenses related to acquisitions, such as professional fees and due diligence costs, (b) the net changes in the fair value of acquisition-related contingent consideration liabilities and (c) certain non-recurringspecial items. These items have been excluded from the GAAP measure because these expenses and credits are not considered by management to be related to the Company’s or Segment’s core business operations. The acquisition related costs and special items can be a net expense or credit in any given period.

InWe believe investors and other users of our financial statements benefit from the MD&A section "Liquiditypresentation of "Income (loss) before special items" in evaluating our performance. Income (loss) before special items provides an additional tool to compare our core business operating performance on a consistent basis and Capital Resources", we use the term free cash flow, a non-GAAP measurement. We define free cash flow as cash provided by operating activities less capital expenditures (which are purchases of property, plantmeasure underlying trends and equipment and of intangible assets and classified as an investing activity). Free cash flow, which doesresults in our business. Income (loss) before special items is not represent residual cash flow availableused to determine incentive compensation for discretionary expenditures since items such as debt repayments are not deducted in determining such measures, was $18.5 million for the first six months of fiscal 2017, consisting of $26.0 million of operating cash flow less $7.4 million of capital expenditures. For the comparable period in fiscal 2016, free cash flow was $18.3 million consisting of $26.5 million of operating cash flow less $8.2 million of capital expenditures.executives or employees.
 
Revenue
 
Revenues for the three months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 20162017 were $176.6$179.6 million, an increase of $10.8 million, or 6%, compared with the three months ended September 30, 2016. Revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 were $513.3 million, a decrease of $18.1$1.3 million, or 9%less than 1%, compared with the prior year. Revenues for the sixnine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 2016 were $345.1 million, a decrease of $29.6 million, or 8%, compared with the prior year.2016.

Revenues by segment for the three and nine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 20162017 and NovemberSeptember 30, 20152016 were as follows:
 
Three months ended Six months endedThree months ended Nine months ended
November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015 November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
($ in thousands) ($ in thousands)($ in thousands) ($ in thousands)
Revenues 
  
     
  
    
Services$132,418
 $150,463
 $259,108
 $287,868
$137,194
 $127,153
 $397,565
 $395,089
International42,230
 38,425
 79,748
 75,284
38,200
 37,922
 106,360
 105,275
Products and Systems6,686
 7,791
 12,853
 16,477
6,268
 6,807
 16,925
 19,955
Corporate and eliminations(4,692) (1,893) (6,624) (4,990)(2,092) (3,071) (7,524) (5,713)
$176,642
 $194,786
 $345,085
 $374,639
$179,570
 $168,811
 $513,326
 $514,606

 
Three Months

In the second quarter of fiscalthree months ended September 30, 2017, Services segment revenues decreased 12%increased 8% due to a combination of acquisition growth and low doublesingle digit favorable impacts of foreign exchange rates and organic decline,growth. The organic growth was achieved despite the negative impact of the 2017 hurricanes and continued weakness in a challenged region that includes a fairly large customer contract. International segment revenues increased 1%, driven by low single digit favorable impacts of foreign exchange rates, offset by a small amount of acquisition growth.low single digit organic decline. Products and Systems segment revenues decreased by 14%8% driven by lower sales volume. International segment revenues increased by 10%, driven by mid-teens organic growth, offset by a mid-single digit unfavorable impact of foreign exchange rates.

Oil and gas customer revenues comprised approximately 54% and 53%56% of total Company revenues infor the second quarters of fiscalthree months ended September 30, 2017 and fiscal 2016, respectively. The Company’s top ten customers comprised approximately 37% and 36% of total revenues infor the second quarter of fiscalthree months ended September 30, 2017, and fiscal 2016, respectively.as compared to 38% for the three months ended September 30, 2016. One customer, BP plc., accounted for approximately 12%10% and 14% of our total revenues, respectively, for the second quarter of fiscal 2017. No customer accounted for more than 10% of our revenues in the second quarter of fiscalthree months ended September 30, 2017 and three months ended September 30, 2016.

SixNine Months

In the first sixnine months of fiscalended September 30, 2017, Services segment revenues decreased 10% due toincreased 1%, as acquisition growth slightly offset a low doublesingle digit organic decline, offset by a small amount of acquisition growth. Products and Systems segment revenues decreased by 22% driven by lower sales volume.decline. International segment revenues increased by 6% due to high1%, as low single digit organic growth slightly offset by mid-singlea low single digit unfavorable impact of foreign exchange rates. Products segment revenues decreased 15% due to lower sales volume.

Oil and gas revenues comprised approximately 55%58% and 54%57% of total Company revenues for the first six months of fiscalnine month periods ended September 30, 2017 and fiscalSeptember 30, 2016, respectively. The Company’s top ten customers comprised approximately 37% and 33%38% of total revenues in

for both the first six months of fiscalnine month periods ended September 30, 2017 and fiscal 2016, respectively.September 30, 2016. One customer, BP plc., accounted for approximately 13%11% of our total revenues for the first half of fiscal 2017. No customer accountednine months ended September 30, 2017 and 12% for more than 10% of our revenues in the first half of fiscalnine months ended September 30, 2016.


Gross Profit

Gross profit decreased by $4.8$2.8 million, or 9%5%, in the second quarterthree months ended September 30, 2017, despite a sales increase of fiscal6%. During the nine month period ended September 30, 2017, gross profit had a year-on-year decrease of $8.8 million, or 6%, on a sales decline of 9%. Gross profit decreased by $6.1 million, or 6%, in the first six months of fiscal 2017, on a sales decline of 8%less than 1%.

Gross profit by segment for the three and sixnine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 20162017 and NovemberSeptember 30, 20152016 was as follows:
 
Three months ended Six months endedThree months ended Nine months ended
November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015 November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
($ in thousands) ($ in thousands)($ in thousands) ($ in thousands)
Gross profit 
  
     
  
    
Services$34,184
 $41,118
 $68,629
 $77,687
$34,729
 $33,704
 $100,432
 $102,652
% of segment revenue25.8% 27.3% 26.5% 27.0%25.3% 26.5% 25.3% 26.0%
International14,837
 12,106
 27,224
 22,886
10,432
 13,133
 29,720
 33,673
% of segment revenue35.1% 31.5% 34.1% 30.4%27.3% 34.6% 27.9% 32.0%
Products and Systems3,230
 3,833
 6,326
 7,755
2,753
 3,686
 7,313
 9,475
% of segment revenue48.3% 49.2% 49.2% 47.1%43.9% 54.2% 43.2% 47.5%
Corporate and eliminations(175) (132) (47) (129)(17) 128
 (73) 356
$52,076
 $56,925
 $102,132
 $108,199
$47,897
 $50,651
 $137,392
 $146,156
% of total revenue29.5% 29.2% 29.6% 28.9%26.7% 30.0% 26.8% 28.4%

Three months

As a percentage of revenues, grossGross profit margin was 29.5%26.7% and 29.2%30.0% for the second quarters of fiscalthree month periods ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. ServiceServices segment gross profit margins decreasedhad a year-on-year decline of 120 basis points to 25.8%25.3% in the second quarterthree months ended September 30, 2017, driven primarily by an adverse impact from the 2017 summer hurricanes, which reduced revenues by

more than $1 million while labor costs were largely unchanged, as the Company chose to pay its technicians who were unable to work due to these events. International segment gross margins had a year-on-year decline of fiscal 2017 compared730 basis points to 27.3% in the second quarter of fiscal 2016. The 150 basis point decreasethree months ended September 30, 2017. This decline was primarily driven by lower revenues in the Company's German subsidiary, as well as poor margins on a large contract and lower utilization of technical labor in the UK. Products and Systems segment gross margin declined by 1030 basis points for the three months ended September 30, 2017 to 43.9%, driven by lower sales volumevolumes.

Nine months

Gross profit margin was 26.8% and 28.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Services segment gross profit margins declined by 70 basis points to 25.3% in the nine months ended September 30, 2017, driven primarily by the aforementioned 2017 hurricane impact and also by a less favorable sales mix.weak spring 2017 turnaround season which adversely impacted utilization of technicians. International segment gross margins increaseddeclined by 410 basis points to 35.1%27.9% in the second quarter of fiscalnine months ended September 30, 2017, compared with 31.5%driven primarily by lower revenues in the prior year. The 360 basis point increase was due to improvement across our largest country locations, driven by double digit organic growth, improvements inCompany’s German subsidiary, as well poor margins on a large contract and lower utilization of technical labor utilization, sales mix and overhead utilization.in the UK. Products and Systems segment gross margin decreased by 90430 basis points to 48.3% compared with 49.2% in the prior year.

Six months
As a percentage of revenues, gross profit was 29.6% and 28.9%43.2% for the first sixnine months of fiscalended September 30, 2017, and 2016, respectively. Service segment gross profit margins decreased to 26.5% in the first six months of fiscal 2017 compared to 27.0% in the first six months of fiscal 2016. The 50 basis point decrease was primarily driven by lower sales volume and a less favorable sales mix. International segment gross margins increased to 34.1% in the first six months of fiscal 2017 compared with 30.4% in the prior year. The 370 basis point increase was due to improvement across our largest country locations, driven by organic revenue growth, improvements in technical labor utilization, sales mix and overhead utilization. Products and Systems segment gross margin improved by 210 basis points to 49.2% compared with 47.1% in the prior year.volumes.


Income (Loss) from Operations

The following table shows a reconciliation of the income (loss) from operations to income (loss) before special items for each of the Company's three operating segments the Corporate segment and for the Company in total:

Three months ended Six months endedThree months ended Nine months ended
November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015 November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
($ in thousands) ($ in thousands)($ in thousands) ($ in thousands)
Services: 
  
     
  
    
Income from operations$12,172
 $18,815
 $24,641
 $34,214
$11,699
 $12,221
 $31,211
 $30,932
Litigation charges
 
 
 6,320
Bad debt provision for a customer bankruptcy
 
 1,200
 
Severance costs34
 $188
 77
 188
163
 43
 493
 43
Asset write-offs and lease terminations
 
 123
 
Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net19
 337
 364
 (593)(126) 345
 (48) (123)
Income before special items12,225
 19,340
 25,082
 33,809
11,736
 12,609
 32,979
 37,172
International: 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
Income from operations6,717
 3,971
 11,375
 5,789
1,023
 5,751
 3,866
 8,925
Severance costs112
 115
 201
 174
379
 89
 455
 799
Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net11
 (487) 21
 (457)
 11
 (501) (53)
Income before special items6,840
 3,599
 11,597
 5,506
1,402
 5,851
 3,820
 9,671
Products and Systems: 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
Income from operations152
 1,055
 289
 2,239
Income (loss) from operations(15,573) 806
 (16,913) 560
Impairment charges15,810
 
 15,810
 
Severance costs14
 17
 14
 17

 
 
 17
Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net
 
 
 

 
 
 
Income before special items166
 1,072
 303
 2,256
Income (loss) before special items237
 806
 (1,103) 577
Corporate and Eliminations: 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
Loss from operations(6,533) (4,272) (12,641) (9,741)(7,524) (6,662) (20,287) (17,816)
Litigation charges1,200
 
 1,200
 
Severance costs
 
 133
 

 133
 
 133
Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net167
 75
 206
 79
(122) 28
 (40) 77
Loss before special items(6,366) (4,197) (12,302) (9,662)(6,446) (6,501) (19,127) (17,606)
Total Company 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
Income from operations$12,508
 $19,569
 $23,664
 $32,501
Income (loss) from operations$(10,375) $12,116
 $(2,123) $22,601
Litigation charges1,200
 
 1,200
 6,320
Impairment charges15,810
 
 15,810
 
Bad debt provision for a customer bankruptcy
 
 1,200
 
Severance costs$160
 $320
 $425
 $379
542
 265
 948
 992
Asset write-offs and lease terminations
 
 123
 
Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net$197
 $(75) $591
 $(971)(248) 384
 (589) (99)
Income before special items$12,865
 $19,814
 $24,680
 $31,909
$6,929
 $12,765
 $16,569
 $29,814
 

Three months
For the three months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 2016,2017, income from operations (GAAP) decreased $7.1$22.5 million, or 36%186%, compared with the three months ended September 30, 2016, while income before special items (non-GAAP) decreased $5.8 million, or

46%. As a percentage of revenues, income before special items declined by 370 basis points to 3.9% in the three months ended September 30, 2017 from 7.6% in the three months ended September 30, 2016.
Operating expenses increased $19.7 million during the three months ended September 30, 2017, driven primarily by the $15.8 million impairment charges, after completion of the analysis described above, for the Products and Systems segment, during the three months ended September 30, 2017 (See Notes 7 and 8). In addition, there was a $1.1 million increase in foreign currency transactional expenses, $1.2 million of additional operating expenses pertaining to Services segment acquisitions and $0.7 in Corporate segment expenses, primarily professional fees.

Nine months
For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, income from operations (GAAP) decreased $24.7 million, or 109% compared with the prior year’s second quarter,year, and income before special items (non-GAAP) decreased $6.9$13.2 million, or 35%44%. As a percentage of revenues, income before special items decreased by 290260 basis points to 7.3%3.2% in the second quarter of fiscalnine months ended September 30, 2017, from 10.2%as compared to 5.8% in the second quarter of fiscalnine months ended September 30, 2016.

Operating expenses increased $2.2$16.0 million compared withduring the prior year’s second quarter,nine months ended September 30, 2017, driven primarily by $2.1the $15.8 million increaseimpairment charges in recurring expenses and an increase in special items of $0.1 million. The recurring expenses were primarily driven by a $1.4 million increase in professional fees and personnel for the Corporate segment compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2016. Services, International and the Products and Systems segments were flat from the second quarter of fiscal 2017 to fiscal 2016.


Six months

For the six months ended November 30, 2016, income from operations (GAAP) decreased $8.8 million, or 27%, compared with the prior year, and income before special items (non-GAAP) decreased $7.2 million, or 23%. As a percentage of revenues, income before special items decreased by 130 basis points to 7.2% in the first six months of fiscal 2017 from 8.5% in the first six months of fiscal 2016.
Operating expenses increased $2.8 million compared with the prior year’s first six months, driven by a $1.2 million increase in recurring expenses and a $1.6 million increase in special items, whichsegment. In addition, there was primarily due to acquisition-related expense. The recurring expenses were primarily driven by a $2.0 million increase in professional fees and personnelforeign currency transaction expenses for the Company, $2.3 million of additional operating expenses pertaining to Services segment acquisitions and $0.8 million of Corporate segment which wasexpenses, primarily professional fees. These increases were primarily offset by the International segment, which decreased $1.8a $5.1 million primarily due to foreign currency gains. The Services and the Products and Systems segments were flatdecrease in litigation expenses for the first six months of fiscal 2017 to fiscal 2016.respective periods.

Interest Expense
 
Interest expense was approximately $0.9$1.1 million and $1.3$0.8 million for the second quarters of fiscalthree months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Interest expense was approximately $1.7respectively, and $3.1 million and $3.3$2.2 million for the first sixnine months of fiscalended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. These decreases2016. The increases were primarily relateddue to increased borrowings on the repaymentCompany's revolving line of seller notes related to acquisitions.credit.
 
Income Taxes

The Company’s effective income tax rate was approximately 37%39% and 36% for the second quarters of fiscalthree months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.2016, respectively. The Company's effective tax rate was approximately 37%42% and 38%34% for the first sixnine months of fiscalended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The decreaseincrease in the income tax rate for these respective periods was primarily due to a discrete item related to the impactimpairment of favorable discrete items.goodwill and intangible assets in the Products and Systems reporting unit. Excluding this item, the effective income tax rate would have been 35% and 36%, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017.


Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash Flows Table
 
Cash flows are summarized in the table below:
 
Six months endedNine months ended
November 30, 2016 November 30, 2015September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
($ in thousands)($ in thousands)
Net cash provided by (used in): 
  
 
  
Operating activities$25,969
 $26,524
$35,226
 $52,109
Investing activities(15,042) (9,623)(22,516) (12,487)
Financing activities(4,344) (16,644)(7,114) (32,491)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash(1,510) (233)2,113
 (221)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents$5,073
 $24
$7,709
 $6,910
 
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
 

During the sixnine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 2016,2017, cash provided by operating activities was $26.0$35.2 million, representing a year-on-year decrease of $0.6$16.9 million, or 2%32%. The decrease was primarily attributable to a lower level of net income, as well as movements in working capital, including the 2017 payment of a $6.3 million legal settlement and the timing of collections, accrued expenses and other payables.collections.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities
 
During the sixnine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 2016,2017, cash used in investing activities was $15.0$22.5 million, compared with a use of cash outflow of $9.6$12.5 million in the comparable period of the prior year. The first sixnine months of fiscal 2017 included $8.2increased outflows of $7.2 million outflow related to acquisitions compared with $1.7and an increase of $3.0 million for the comparable period in fiscal 2016. Cash used for capital expenditures, as the Company was $7.4 million and $8.2 million in the first six monthsmidst of fiscal 2017 and 2016, respectively.

its build-out in France to service an important new customer contract.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Net cash used byin financing activities was $4.3$7.1 million for the sixnine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 2016, which was primarily for2017. The Company borrowed $11.5 million, net, on its Credit Agreement, to help fund the repurchasepurchase of $7.0$15.9 million of treasury stock and towards the Company's stock under its stock repurchase plan.funding of $8.4 million for acquisitions. For the comparable period in fiscal 2016, the Company utilized most of the $18.3net cash used in financing activities was $32.5 million, of free cash flowwhich $28.9 million was to reduce itsthe Company's debt and capital lease obligations by $15.2 million.obligations.

Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
The effect of exchange rate changes on our cash and cash equivalents was a net reductionincrease of $1.5$2.1 million in the first sixnine months of fiscal 2017, compared to a $0.2 million decrease for the first sixnine months of fiscal 2016, primarily driven by exchange rates for fiscal 2017, notably the impact of the United Kingdom's exit from the European Union.2016.

Cash Balance and Credit Facility Borrowings
 
The terms of our Credit Agreement have not changed from those set forth in Part II, Item 7 of our 2016 AnnualTransition Report under the Section “Liquidity and Capital Resources”, under the heading “Cash Balance and Credit Facility Borrowings,” and Note 10 - Long-Term Debt to these condensed consolidated financial statements in this report,Quarterly Report, under the heading “Senior Credit Facility.”
 
As of NovemberSeptember 30, 2016,2017, we had cash and cash equivalents totaling $26.3$26.9 million and available borrowing capacity of $81.3$74.9 million under our Credit Agreement with borrowings of $88.0$95.1 million and $5.7$5.0 million of letters of credit outstanding. We finance operations primarily through our existing cash balances, cash collected from operations, bank borrowings and capital lease financing. We believe these sources are sufficient to fund our operations for the foreseeable future.
 
As of NovemberSeptember 30, 2016,2017, we were in compliance with the terms of the Credit Agreement, and we will continuously monitor our compliance with the covenants contained in our Credit Agreement.
 
Contractual Obligations

There have been no significant changes in our contractual obligations and outstanding indebtedness as disclosed in the 2016 AnnualTransition Report.

Off-balance Sheet Arrangements
 
During the sixnine months ended NovemberSeptember 30, 2016,2017, we did not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
 
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates from the information provided in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” included in the 2016 AnnualTransition Report.
 
ITEM 3.                                               Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
 
There have been no significant changes to the Company’s quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk as discussed in Part II, Item 7A “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” included in the 2016 AnnualTransition Report.
 
ITEM 4.                                               Controls and Procedures
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
As of NovemberSeptember 30, 2016,2017, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act. Based on the evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial

Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms.
 
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
 
There has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s quarter ended NovemberSeptember 30, 20162017 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, such internal control over financial reporting.


PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1.                                              ��Legal Proceedings
 
See Note 12 - Commitments and Contingencies to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report for a description of our legal proceedings. There have been no material developments with regard to any matters disclosed under Part I, Item 3 “Legal Proceedings” in our 2016 AnnualTransition Report, except as set forthdisclosed in Note 12.12 (see below).


See Note 12 - Commitments and Contingencies to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report for a description of our legal proceedings.
 
ITEM 1.A.                                   Risk Factors
 
In addition to the other information set forth in this report,Quarterly Report, you should carefully consider the risk factors discussed under the “Risk Factors” section included in our 2016 AnnualTransition Report. There have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in the 2016 AnnualTransition Report.

 
ITEM 2.                                               Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
(a) Sales of Unregistered Securities
 
None.
 
(b) Use of Proceeds from Public Offering of Common Stock
 
None.
 
(c) Repurchases of Our Equity Securities
 
The following table sets forth the shares of our common stock we acquired during the quarter pursuant to our publicly announced share repurchase plan and as a result of the surrender of shares by employees to satisfy the minimum tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted stock units as well as shares from the Company's share repurchase plan.units.
 
Fiscal Month Ending
Total Number of Shares (or
Units) Purchased
Average Price Paid per
Share (or Unit)
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1)
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1)
September 30, 201633,315
$24.56

$50,000,000
October 31, 2016239,763
$21.55
231,483
$45,004,530
November 30, 201698,721
$20.89
95,980
$43,004,307
Month Ending
Total Number of Shares (or
Units) Purchased
 
Average Price Paid per
Share (or Unit)
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1)
 
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (2)
July 31, 201794,877
 $21.08
 94,877
 $27,004,569
August 31, 2017139,276
 $20.20
 90,490
 $25,081,657
September 30, 2017
 $
 
 $25,081,657

(1) - On October 7, 2015, the Company announced that its Board of Directors approved a share repurchase plan, which authorizes the expenditure of up to $50.0 million for the purchase of the Company's common stock. On August 17, 2016, the Company entered into an agreement with its founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Dr. Sotirios Vahaviolos, which provides for the Company to repurchase up to 1 million shares of its common stock from Dr. Vahaviolos. The plan with Dr. Vahaviolos is included in the $50.0 million of purchases authorized by our Board of Directors described in footnote 2 below. All of the amounts in this column includerepresent the purchases from Dr. Vahaviolos during the third quarter of 85,234 shares in October and 95,980 shares in November.2017.

(2) - On October 7, 2015, the Company announced that its Board of Directors approved a share repurchase plan, which authorizes the expenditure of up to $50.0 million for the purchase of the Company's common stock.

ITEM 3.                                               Defaults Upon Senior Securities
 
None.
 
ITEM 4.                                               Mine Safety Disclosures
 
Not applicable.
 

ITEM 5.                                               Other Information
 
None.

ITEM 6.                                               Exhibits
 
Exhibit No. Description
   
3.1 Certificate of Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
31.1
   
 
   
 
   
101.INS XBRL Instance Document
   
101.SCH XBRL Schema Document
   
101.CAL XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document
   
101.LAB XBRL Labels Linkbase Document
   
101.PRE XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document
   
101.DEF XBRL Definition Linkbase Document



Signatures
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 MISTRAS GROUP, INC.
   
 By:/s/ Jonathan H. Wolk
  Jonathan H. Wolk
  Senior Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
  (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer and duly authorized officer)
 
Date: January 10,November 9, 2017


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