UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

 

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 20202021 or

 

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from ______to ______

 

Commission File Number 001-36283

 

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The New Home Company Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

 

 

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Delaware		27-0560089
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

85 Enterprise6730 N Scottsdale Rd.,, Suite 450290

Aliso Viejo, CaliforniaScottsdale, Arizona 9265685253

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (949) 382-7800(602) 767-1426

 

Not Applicable

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(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class		Trading Symbol(s)		Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value		NWHM		New York Stock Exchange

 

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Securities registered pursuant to Section12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer

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Accelerated filer

☒☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐☒

Smaller reporting company

☒

Emerging growth company

☐

 

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Table of Contents

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes   ☐   No  ☒

 

Registrant’s shares of common stock outstanding as of May 7, 2020April 28 , 2021: 18,179,86518,043,699

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

THE NEW HOME COMPANY INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Dollars in thousands, except par value amounts)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

THE NEW HOME COMPANY INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

THE NEW HOME COMPANY INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

(Dollars in thousands)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

THE NEW HOME COMPANY INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Dollars in thousands)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

THE NEW HOME COMPANY INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Organization

The New Home Company Inc. (the "Company"), a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries are primarily engaged in all aspects of residential real estate development, including acquiring land and designing, constructing and selling homes in California, Arizona and Arizona.Colorado.

Based on our public float of $58.9$46.0 million at June 28, 2019,30, 2020, we are a smaller reporting company and are subject to reduced disclosure obligations in our periodic reports and proxy statements.

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts have been eliminated upon consolidation.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Regulation S-X and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20192020. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring entries) necessary for the fair presentation of our results for the interim period presented. Results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year due to seasonal variations and other factors, such as the effects of the novel coronavirus ("COVID-19") and its impact on our future results.  

Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms "we", "us", "our" and "the Company" refer to the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and notes. Accordingly, actual results could differ materially from these estimates.

Subsequent Events

On March 11, 2020 the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic and recommended containment and mitigation measures worldwide. Since March 31, 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has continued to spread and various state and local governments have issued or extended "stay-at-home" and “shelter-in-place” orders which have impacted and restricted various aspects of our business. At the date of this filing, our construction and sales operations are functioning in most of the jurisdictions in which we operate,  subject to government restrictions and safety constraints we have enacted in order to protect our employees, trade contractors, and customers; however, traffic and sales activity has declined and order cancellations have increased.  While we cannot reasonably estimate the length or severity of this pandemic, an extended economic slowdown in the U.S. could materially impact our consolidated financial position, consolidated results of operations, and consolidated cash flows in fiscal 2020 and potentially beyond. Further discussion of the potential impacts on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows from the COVID-19 pandemic is provided below under Part II, Item 1A “Risk Factors.”

On May 8, 2020, the Company entered into a Tax Benefit Preservation Plan between the Company and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, as rights agent (as amended from time to time, the “Tax Plan”) to help preserve the value of certain deferred tax benefits, including those generated by net operating losses and certain other tax attributes (collectively, the “Tax Benefits”). The Tax Plan is intended to act as a deterrent to any person or entity acquiring shares of the Company equal to or exceeding 4.95%. The Tax Plan reduces the likelihood that changes in our investor base have the unintended effect of limiting the use of our Tax Benefits. In connection with its adoption of the Tax Plan, the Board declared a dividend of one preferred stock purchase right (individually, a “Right” and collectively, the “Rights”) for each share of Common Stock, par value $0.01 (“Common Stock”) of the Company outstanding at the close of business on May 20, 2020.  As long as the Rights are attached to the Common Stock, the Company will issue one Right (subject to adjustment) with each new share of the Common Stock so that all such shares will have attached Rights.  Each Right has an exercise price of $11.50. Each Right, which is only exercisable if a person or group of affiliated or associated persons acquires beneficial ownership of 4.95% or more of the Common Stock, subject to certain limited exceptions (the “Acquiring Person”), when exercised will entitle the registered holder other than the Acquiring Person the right to acquire that number of shares of Common Stock having a market value of two times the $11.50 exercise price of the Right, or, at the election of the Board, to exchange each right for one share of Common Stock, in each case, subject to adjustment. Unless redeemed

THE NEW HOME COMPANY INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

or exchanged earlier by the Company or terminated, the rights will expire upon the earliest to occur of (i) the close of business on May 7, 2021, (ii) the close of business on the effective date of the repeal of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) if the Board determines that the Tax Plan is no longer necessary or desirable for the preservation of the Tax Benefits or (iii) the time at which the Board determines that the Tax Benefits are fully utilized or no longer available under Section 382 of the Code or that an ownership change under Section 382 of the Code would not adversely impact in any material respect the time period in which the Company could use the Tax Benefits, or materially impair the amount of the Tax Benefits that could be used by the Company in any particular time period, for applicable tax purposes.

Reclassifications

No items in the prior year condensed consolidated financial statements have been reclassified.   

Segment Reporting

ASCAccounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 280, Segment Reporting ("ASC 280") established standards for the manner in which public enterprises report information about operating segments. The Company's reportable segments are Arizona homebuilding, California homebuilding, Colorado homebuilding and fee building. In accordance with ASC 280, our California homebuilding reportable segment aggregates the Southern California and Northern California homebuilding operating segments based on the similarities in long-term economic characteristics.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

We define cash and cash equivalents as cash on hand, demand deposits with financial institutions, and short term liquid investments with a maturity date of less than three months from the date of purchase.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash of $0.4$0.2 million and $0.1$0.2 million as of March 31, 20202021 and December 31, 20192020, respectively, is held in accounts for payments of subcontractor costs incurred in connection with various fee building projects.

The table below shows the line items and amounts of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash as reported within the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets for each period shown that sum to the total of the same such amounts at the end of the periods shown in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.  

Real Estate Inventories and Cost of Sales

We capitalize pre-acquisition, land, development and other allocated costs, including interest, property taxes and indirect construction costs. Pre-acquisition costs, including nonrefundable land deposits, are expensed to project abandonment costs if we determine continuation of the prospective project is not probable.

Land, development and other common costs are typically allocated to real estate inventories using a methodology that approximates the relative-sales-value method. Home construction costs per production phase are recorded using the specific identification method. Cost of sales for homes closed includes the estimated total construction costs of each home at completion and an allocation of all applicable land acquisition, land development and related common costs (both incurred and estimated to be incurred) based upon the relative-sales-value of the home within each project. Changes in estimated development and common costs are allocated prospectively to remaining homes in the project.

In accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant and Equipment ("ASC 360"), inventory is stated at cost, unless the carrying amount is determined not to be recoverable, in which case inventory is written down to its fair value. We review each real estate asset on a quarterly basis or whenever indicators of impairment exist. Real estate assets include projects actively selling and projects under development or held for future development. Indicators of impairment include, but are not limited to, significant decreases in local housing market values and selling prices of comparable homes, significant decreases in gross margins or sales absorption rates, costs significantly in excess of budget, and actual or projected cash flow losses.

THE NEW HOME COMPANY INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

If there are indicators of impairment, we perform a detailed budget and cash flow review of the applicable real estate inventories to determine whether the estimated future undiscounted cash flows of the project are more or less than the asset’s carrying value. If the estimated future undiscounted cash flows exceed the asset’s carrying value, no impairment adjustment is required. However, if the estimated future undiscounted cash flows are less than the asset���sasset’s carrying value then the asset is impaired. If the asset is deemed impaired, it is written down to its fair value in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures ("ASC 820").

When estimating undiscounted future cash flows of a project, we make various assumptions, including: (i) expected sales prices and sales incentives to be offered, including the number of homes available, pricing and incentives being offered by us or other builders in other projects, and future sales price adjustments based on market and economic trends; (ii) expected sales pace and cancellation rates based on local housing market conditions, competition and historical trends; (iii) costs expended to date and expected to be incurred including, but not limited to, land and land development costs, home construction costs, interest costs, indirect construction and overhead costs, and selling and marketing costs; (iv) alternative product offerings that may be offered that could have an impact on sales pace, sales price and/or building costs; and (v) alternative uses for the property.

Many assumptions are interdependent and a change in one may require a corresponding change to other assumptions. For example, increasing or decreasing sales absorption rates has a direct impact on the estimated per unit sales price of a home, and the level of time sensitive costs (such as indirect construction, overhead and carrying costs). Depending on the underlying objective of the project, assumptions could have a significant impact on the projected cash flow analysis. For example, if our objective is to preserve operating margins, our cash flow analysis will be different than if the objective is to increase the velocity of sales. These objectives may vary significantly from project to project and change over time.  

THE NEW HOME COMPANY INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

If a real estate asset is deemed impaired, the impairment is calculated by determining the amount the asset's carrying value exceeds its fair value in accordance with ASC 820. We calculate the fair value of real estate inventories considering a land residual value analysis and a discounted cash flow analysis. Under the discounted cash flow method, the fair value is determined by calculating the present value of future cash flows using a risk adjusted discount rate. Some of the critical assumptions involved with measuring the asset's fair value include estimating future revenues, sales absorption rates, development and construction costs, and other applicable project costs. This evaluation and the assumptions used by management to determine future estimated cash flows and fair value require a substantial degree of judgment, especially with respect to real estate projects that have a substantial amount of development to be completed, have not started selling or are in the early stages of sales, or are longer in duration. Actual revenues, costs and time to complete and sell a community could vary from these estimates which could impact the calculation of fair value of the asset and the corresponding amount of impairment that is recorded in our results of operations.operations. For the three months ended March 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, Company recorded 0 real estate impairments were recorded. home sales impairment charges.  In cases where we decide to abandon a project, we will fully expense all costs capitalized to such project and will expense and accrue any additional costs that we are contractually obligated to incur.  For the three months ended March 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, $0.1 million and $14.0 million and $5,000 in project abandonment costs were incurred, respectively.  

Capitalization of Interest

We follow the practice of capitalizing interest to real estate inventories during the period of development and to investments in unconsolidated joint ventures, when applicable, in accordance with ASC 835, Interest ("ASC 835"). Interest capitalized as a cost component of real estate inventories is included in cost of home sales as related homes or lots are sold. To the extent interest is capitalized to investment in unconsolidated joint ventures, it is included as a reduction of equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated joint ventures when the related homes or lots are sold to third parties. In instances where the Company purchases land from an unconsolidated joint venture, the pro rata share of interest capitalized to investment in unconsolidated joint ventures is added to the basis of the land acquired and recognized as a cost of sale upon the delivery of the related homes or land to a third-party buyer. To the extent our debt exceeds our qualified assets as defined in ASC 835, we expense a portion of the interest incurred by us. Qualified assets represent projects that are actively selling or under development as well as investments in unconsolidated joint ventures accounted for under the equity method until such equity investees begin their principal operations.

Business Combinations

We account for business combinations in accordance with ASC Topic 805,Business Combinations ("ASC 805"), if the assets acquired and liabilities assumed constitute a business. For acquired companies constituting a business, we recognize the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their acquisition-date fair values and recognize any excess of total consideration paid over the fair value of the identifiable assets as goodwill.  On February 26, 2021, TNHC Colorado Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into and closed a Membership Interest Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Christina D. Presley and CDP Holdings, LLC, as sellers pursuant to which we acquired all the membership interests of the Epic Companies, (as defined in the Purchase Agreement), a residential homebuilder based in Denver, Colorado known as Epic Homes (the “Epic Acquisition”).  The Epic Acquisition purchase price was approximately $8.5 million, $6.9 million of which was paid at closing with the balance to be paid in future installments. The purchase price was funded with cash on hand and is subject to adjustment based on net book value of the Epic Companies’ assets on the date of closing and certain other obligations. This transaction was accounted for as a business combination in accordance with ASC 805. For further details, see Note 4, Real Estate Inventories.

 Following the consummation of the Epic Acquisition, the Company repaid approximately $23.8 million of the Epic Companies’ third-party indebtedness.  Additionally, the founder and owner of the Epic Companies became an employee of the Company and runs the Colorado homebuilding operations.   

Goodwill 

In accordance with ASC Topic 350,Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (“ASC 350”), we evaluate goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances between annual tests indicate that it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired.  The Company's goodwill impairment analysis takes place annually on September 30 and consists of a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not its fair value is less than its carrying amount.  If the analysis indicates that the fair value of goodwill is less than its carrying value, an impairment loss equal to the difference between the fair value and carrying value (but not to exceed the carrying value) is recognized.

In conjunction with the Company's Epic Acquisition during the 2021first quarter, $2.0 million of goodwill was recorded within the Colorado homebuilding reporting segment and is included in other assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2021.  At March 31, 2021, there is 0 indication that the goodwill asset is impaired and we are not aware of any significant indicators of impairment that exist for our goodwill that would require additional analysis.

THE NEW HOME COMPANY INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606"). Under ASC 606, we recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To do this, the Company performs the following five steps as outlined in ASC 606: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

THE NEW HOME COMPANY INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Home Sales and Profit Recognition

In accordance with ASC 606, home sales revenue is recognized when our performance obligations within the underlying sales contracts are fulfilled. We consider our obligations fulfilled when closing conditions are complete, title has transferred to the homebuyer, and collection of the purchase price is reasonably assured. Sales incentives are recorded as a reduction of revenues when the respective home is closed. The profit we record is based on the calculation of cost of sales, which is dependent on our allocation of costs, as described in more detail above in the section entitled "Real Estate Inventories and Cost of Sales." When it is determined that the earnings process is not complete, the related revenue and profit are deferred for recognition in future periods.

Land Sales and Profit Recognition

In accordance with ASC 606, land sales revenue is recognized when our performance obligations within the underlying sales contracts are fulfilled.  The performance obligations in land sales contracts are typically satisfied at the point in time consideration and title is transferred through escrow at closing.  Total revenue is typically recognized simultaneously with transfer of title to the customer.  In instances where material performance obligations may exist after the closing date, a portion of the price is allocated to each performance obligation with revenue recognized as such obligations are completed.  Variable consideration, such as profit participation, may be included within the land sales transaction price based on the terms of a contract.  The Company includes the estimated amount of variable consideration to which it will be entitled only to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue will not occur when any uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved.

Fee Building

The Company enters into fee building agreements to provide services whereby it builds homes on behalf of third-party property owners. The third-party property owner funds all project costs incurred by the Company to build and sell the homes. The Company primarily enters into cost plus fee contracts where it charges third-party property owners for all direct and indirect costs plus a fee. The fee is typically a per-unit fixed fee or based on a percentage of the cost or home sales revenue of the project, depending on the terms of the agreement with the third-party property owner. For these types of contracts, the Company recognizes revenue based on the actual total costs it has incurred plus the applicable fee. In accordance with ASC 606, we apply the percentage-of-completion method, using the cost-to-cost approach, as it most accurately measures the progress of our efforts in satisfying our obligations within the fee building agreements. Under this approach, revenue is earned in proportion to total costs incurred divided by total costs expected to be incurred. In the course of providing fee building services, the Company routinely subcontracts for services and incurs other direct costs on behalf of the property owners. These costs are passed through to the property owners and, in accordance with GAAP, are included in the Company’s revenues and cost of sales.

The Company also provides construction management and coordination services and sales and marketing services as part of agreements with third parties and its unconsolidated joint ventures. In certain contracts, the Company also provides project management and administrative services. For most services provided, the Company fulfills its related obligations as time-based measures, according to the input method guidance described in ASC 606. Accordingly, revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis as the Company's efforts are expended evenly throughout the performance period. The Company may also have an obligation to manage the home or lot sales process or warranty service as part of providing sales and marketing services. ThisThe Company's obligation to manage the home or lot sales and marketing process is considered fulfilled when related homes or lots close escrow, as these events represent milestones reached according to the output method guidance described in ASC 606. Accordingly, revenue is recognized in the period that the corresponding lots or homes close escrow. Costs associated with these services are recognized as incurred.  The Company's obligations related to warranty services are considered fulfilled when the services are rendered with the revenue and costs associated with those services recognized in the period incurred.

The Company’s fee building revenues have historically been concentrated with a small number of customers. For the three months ended March 31, 20202021 and 20192020, one customer comprised 34% and 98%, respectively, of fee building revenue and a separate customer comprised 98%62% and 91%0%, respectively, of fee building revenue. The balance of the fee building revenues primarily represented management fees earned from unconsolidated joint ventures and third-party customers. As of March 31, 20202021 and December 31, 20192020, one1 customer comprised 73%8% and 65%35% of contracts and accounts receivable, respectively, and a separate fee building customer comprised 12% and 25%, respectively, with the balance of contracts and accounts receivable primarily representingrepresenting escrow receivables from home sales.

THE NEW HOME COMPANY INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Variable Interest Entities

The Company accounts for variable interest entities in accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation ("ASC 810"). Under ASC 810, a variable interest entity ("VIE") is created when: (a) the equity investment at risk in the entity is not sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support provided by other parties, including the equity holders; (b) the entity’s equity holders as a group either (i) lack the direct or indirect ability to make decisions about the entity, (ii) are not obligated to absorb expected losses of the entity or (iii) do not have the right to receive expected residual returns of the entity; or (c) the entity’s equity holders have voting rights that are not proportionate to their economic interests, and the activities of the entity involve or are conducted on behalf of the equity holder with disproportionately few voting rights.

THE NEW HOME COMPANY INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Once we consider the sufficiency of equity and voting rights of each legal entity, we then evaluate the characteristics of the equity holders' interests, as a group, to see if they qualify as controlling financial interests. Our real estate joint ventures consist of limited partnerships and limited liability companies. For entities structured as limited partnerships or limited liability companies, our evaluation of whether the equity holders (equity partners other than us in each our joint ventures) lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest includes the evaluation of whether the limited partners or non-managing members (the non-controlling equity holders) lack both substantive participating rights and substantive kick-out rights, defined as follows:

If we conclude that any of the three characteristics of a VIE are met, including if equity holders lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest because they lack both substantive participating rights and substantive kick-out rights, we conclude that the entity is a VIE and evaluate it for consolidation under the variable interest model.

If an entity is deemed to be a VIE pursuant to ASC 810, the enterprise that has both (i) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity or right to receive benefits from the entity that could be potentially significant to the VIE is considered the primary beneficiary and must consolidate the VIE.

Under ASC 810, a nonrefundable deposit paid to an entity may be deemed to be a variable interest that will absorb some or all of the entity’s expected losses if they occur. Our land purchase and lot option deposits generally represent our maximum exposure to the land seller if we elect not to purchase the optioned property. In some instances, we may also expend funds for due diligence, development and construction activities with respect to optioned land prior to takedown. Such costs are classified as real estate inventories, which we would have to write off should we not exercise the option. Therefore, whenever we enter into a land option or purchase contract with an entity and make a nonrefundable deposit, a VIE may have been created. At March 31, 20202021, the Company had outstanding nonrefundable cash depositsposits of $13.6$10.1 million pertaining to land option contracts and purchase contracts.

As of March 31, 20202021 and December 31, 20192020, the Company was not required to consolidate any VIEs. In accordance with ASC 810, we perform ongoing reassessments of whether we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE.

Non-controlling Interest

During 2013, the Company entered into a joint venture agreement with a third-party property owner. In accordance with ASC 810, the Company analyzed this arrangement and determined that it was not a VIE; however, the Company determined it was required to consolidate the joint venture as the Company has a controlling financial interest with the powers to direct the major decisions of the entity.  AsDuring the third quarter of 2020, the Company and its partner dissolved the joint venture, and as of March 31, 20202021 and December 31, 20192020, the third-party investor had an equity balance ooff $0.1 millio $0n and $0.1 million, respectively..

Investments in and Advances to Unconsolidated Joint Ventures

We use the equity method to account for investments in homebuilding and land development joint ventures when any of the following situations exist: 1) the joint venture qualifies as a VIE and we are not the primary beneficiary, 2) we do not control the joint venture but have the ability to exercise significant influence over its operating and financial policies, or 3) we function as the managing member or general partner of the joint venture and our joint venture partner has substantive participating rights or can replace us as managing member or general partner without cause.

As of March 31, 20202021, the Company concluded that none of its joint ventures were VIEs and accounted for these entities under the equity method of accounting.

THE NEW HOME COMPANY INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Under the equity method, we recognize our proportionate share of earnings and losses generated by the joint venture upon the delivery of lots or homes to third parties. Our proportionate share of intra-entity profits and losses are eliminated until the related asset has been sold by the unconsolidated joint venture to third parties. We classify cash distributions received from equity method investees using the cumulative earnings approach consistent with ASC 230, Statement of Cash Flows ("ASC 230"). Under the cumulative earnings approach, distributions received are considered returns on investment and isare classified as cash inflows from operating activities unless the cumulative distributions received, less distributions received in prior periods that were determined to be returns of investment, exceed cumulative equity in earnings. When such an excess occurs, the current-period distribution up to this excess is considered a return of investment and is classified as cash inflows from investing activities. Our ownership interests in our unconsolidated joint ventures vary, but are generally less than or equal to 35%. The accounting policies of our joint ventures are consistent with those of the Company.

THE NEW HOME COMPANY INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

We review real estate inventory held by our unconsolidated joint ventures for impairment on a quarterly basis, consistent with how we review our real estate inventories as described in more detail above in the section entitled "Real Estate Inventories and Cost of Sales." We also review our investments in and advances to unconsolidated joint ventures for evidence of other-than-temporary declines in value in accordance with ASC 820.  To the extent we deem any declines in valueportion of our investment in and advances to unconsolidated joint ventures to be other-than-temporary,as not recoverable, we impair our investment accordingly. For the three months ended March 31, 20202021 and 20192020, the Company recorded other-than-temporary, noncash impairment chargescharges of$2.3 million $0 and $0,$2.3 million, respectively, related to our investment in and advances to unconsolidated joint ventures.  Joint venture impairment charges are included in equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated joint ventures in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. 

Selling and Marketing Expense

Costs incurred for tangible assets directly used in the sales process such as our sales offices, design studios and model landscaping and furnishings are capitalized to other assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets under ASC 340, Other Assets and Deferred Costs ("ASC 340"). These costs are depreciated to selling and marketing expenses generally over the shorter of 30 months or the actual estimated life of the selling community. All other selling and marketing costs, such as commissions and advertising, are expensed as incurred.

Warranty and Litigation Accruals

We offer warranties on our homes that generally cover various defects in workmanship or materials, or structural construction defects for one year. In addition, we provide a more limited warranty, which generally ranges from a minimum of two years up to the period covered by the applicable statute of repose, that covers certain defined construction defects. Estimated future direct warranty costs are accrued and charged to cost of sales in the period when the related homebuilding revenues are recognized. Amounts are accrued based upon the Company’s historical claim and expense rates. In addition, the Company has received warranty payments from third-party property owners for certain of its fee building projects that have since closed-out where the Company has the contractual risk of construction. These payments are recorded as warranty accruals. We assess the adequacy of our warranty accrual on a quarterly basis and adjust the amounts recorded if necessary. Our warranty accrual is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets and adjustments to our warranty accrual are recorded through cost of sales.home sales or as an offset to warranty insurance receivables when covered by insurance.

While our subcontractors who perform our homebuilding work generally provide us with an indemnity for claims relating to their workmanship and materials, we also purchase general liability insurance that covers development and construction activity at each of our communities. Our subcontractors are usually covered by these programs through an owner-controlled insurance program, or "OCIP." Consultants such as engineers and architects are generally not covered by the OCIP but are required to maintain their own insurance. In general, we maintain insurance, subject to deductibles and self-insured retentions, to protect us against various risks associated with our activities, including, among others, general liability, "all-risk" property, construction defects, workers’ compensation, automobile, and employee fidelity. Our master general liability policies which cover most of our projects allow for our warranty spend to erode our self-insured retention requirements. We establish a separate reserve for warranty and for known and incurred but not reported (“IBNR”) construction defect claims based on our historical claim and expense data. Our warranty accrual and litigation reserves for construction defect claims are presented on a gross basis within accrued expenses and other liabilities in our condensed consolidated financialbalance sheets statements without consideration of insurance recoveries. Expected recoveries from insurance carriers are presented as warranty insurance receivables and insurance receivables within other assets in our condensed consolidated financial statementsbalance sheets and are recorded based on actual insurance claims and amounts determined using our construction defect claim and warranty accrual estimates, our insurance policy coverage limits for the applicable policy years and historical recovery rates.

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Contracts and Accounts Receivable

Contracts and accounts receivable primarily represent the fees earned, but not collected, and reimbursable project costs incurred in connection with fee building agreements. The Company periodically evaluates the collectability of its contracts receivable, and, if it is determined that a receivable might not be fully collectible, an allowance is recorded for the amount deemed uncollectible. This allowance for doubtful accounts is estimated based on management’s evaluation of the contracts involved and the financial condition of its customers. Factors considered in such evaluations include, but are not limited to: (i) customer type; (ii) historical contract performance; (iii) historical collection and delinquency trends; (iv) customer credit worthiness; and (v) general economic conditions. In addition to contracts receivable, escrow receivables are included in contracts and accounts receivable in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of March 31, 20202021 and December 31, 20192020, 0 allowance was recorded related to contracts and accounts receivable.

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Property, Equipment and Capitalized Selling and Marketing Costs

Property, equipment and capitalized selling and marketing costs are recorded at cost and included in other assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Property and equipment are depreciated to general and administrative expenses using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives ranging from three to five years. Leasehold improvements are stated at cost and are amortized to general and administrative expenses using the straight-line method generally over the shorter of either their estimated useful lives or the term of the lease. Capitalized selling and marketing costs are depreciated using the straight-line method to selling and marketing expenses over the shorter of either 30 months or the actual estimated life of the selling community.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes ("ASC 740"). The consolidated provision for, or benefit from, income taxes is calculated using the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded based on the difference between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse.

Each quarter we assess our deferred tax asset to determine whether all or any portion of the asset is more likely than not (defined as a likelihood of more than 50%) unrealizable under ASC 740. We are required to establish a valuation allowance for any portion of the tax asset we conclude is more likely than not unrealizable.  In accordance with ASC 740, the determination of whether a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is necessary requires an analysis of both positive and negative evidence regarding realization of the deferred tax assets and should be established based on the consideration of all available evidence.  Our assessment considers, among other things, the nature, frequency and severity of prior cumulative losses, forecasts of future taxable income, the duration of statutory carryforward periods, our utilization experience with net operating losses and tax credit carryforwards and the available tax planning alternatives, to the extent these items are applicable, and the availability of net operating loss carrybacks under certain circumstances. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets depends primarily on the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which the differences become deductible, as well as the ability to carryback net operating losses in the event that this option becomes available.  The value of our deferred tax assets will depend on applicable income tax rates. Judgment is required in determining the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our consolidated financial statements and/or tax returns. Differences between anticipated and actual outcomes of these future tax consequences could have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. At March 31, 20202021 and December 31, 20192020, , 0based on our analysis of all available positive and negative evidence, and other relevant factors, we did not establish a valuation allowance was recorded.except for $20,000 recorded against a capital loss.  Please refer to Note 14 for more information.

ASC 740 defines the methodology for recognizing the benefits of uncertain tax return positions as well as guidance regarding the measurement of the resulting tax benefits.  These provisions require an enterprise to recognize the financial statement effects of a tax position when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination.  In addition, these provisions provide guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition.  The evaluation of whether a tax position meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold requires a substantial degree of judgment by management based on the individual facts and circumstances. At March 31, 20202021, the Company has concluded that there were 0no significant uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in its financial statements.

The Company classifies any interest and penalties related to income taxes assessed as part of the provision/benefit for income tax expense.taxes. As of March 31, 20202021, the Company has not been assessed interest or penalties by any major tax jurisdictions related to any open tax periods.

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Stock-Based Compensation

We account for share-based awards in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation ("ASC 718").  ASC 718 requires that the cost resulting from all share-based payment transactions be recognized in a company's financial statements. ASC 718 requires all entities to apply a fair-value-based measurement method in accounting for share-based payment transactions with employees except for equity instruments held by employee share ownership plans.  In 2018, the scope of ASC 718 was expanded to include to include share-based payments for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees, with certain exceptions.  The Company had one nonemployee equity award that was fully expensed during the 2019first quarter and was accounted for in accordance with ASC 718.  

Share Repurchase and Retirement

When shares are retired, the Company’s policy is to allocate the excess of the repurchase price over the par value of shares acquired to both retained earnings and additional paid-in capital. The portion allocated to additional paid-in capital is determined by applying a percentage, which is determined by dividing the number of shares to be retired by the number of shares issued, to the balance of additional paid-in capital as of the retirement date. The residual, if any, is allocated to retained earnings as of the retirement date.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company repurchased and retired 141,823 shares of its common stock at an aggregate purchase price of $0.8 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2020and 2019, the Company repurchased and retired 1,233,883 and 153,916 shares of its common stock at an aggregate purchase priceprice of $2.2 millionmillion. The purchases were made under previously announced stock repurchase programs and $1.0the Company had remaining purchase authorization of $8.7 million respectively.as of March 31, 2021. Repurchases from January 1, 2021 through February 16, 2021, March 11, 2021 through March 31, 2021 and March 20, 2020 through March 31, 2020 were made pursuant to the Company's Rule 10b5-1 plans.  All repurchased shares were returned to the status of authorized but unissued.

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Subsequent toTax Benefit Preservation Plan 

On March 31,May 8, 2020, the Company repurchased an additional 777,300entered into a Tax Benefit Preservation Plan between the Company and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, as rights agent (as amended from time to time, the “Tax Plan”) to help preserve the value of certain deferred tax benefits, including those generated by net operating losses and certain other tax attributes.  The Company has been able to carryback its federal net operating losses realized during 2020 to offset U.S. federal income taxes paid in the past five years due to the tax law changes arising from the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the "CARES Act").  As a result, the Board determined not to extend or renew the Tax Plan. The original expiration date of the Tax Plan was May 7, 2021; however, in March 2021, the Board determined to accelerate the expiration of the Tax Plan by amending it to allow its expiration to occur on March 29, 2021. Accordingly, the preferred share purchase rights under the Tax Plan (the "Rights") which were previously dividended to holders of record of the shares for $1.4 millionof common stock of the Company related to the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of the Company expired as of the close of business on March 29, 2021 and no person has any rights pursuant to a 10b5-1 plan, which in the aggregate sinceTax Plan or the beginning of the year through May 7, 2020 represented a total repurchase of 2,011,183shares for $3.6 million, or $1.78 per share, and 10% of its beginning share count.  The purchases were made under a previously announced stock repurchase program that had a remaining purchase authorization of $1.8 million as of May 7, 2020.Rights. 

Dividends

NaN dividends were paid on our common stock during the three months ended March 31, 20202021 and 20192020. We currently intend to retain our future earnings to finance the development and expansion of our business and, therefore, do not intend to pay cash dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future. Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, compliance with Delaware law, restrictions contained in any financing instruments, including but not limited to, our unsecured credit facility and senior notes indenture, and such other factors as our board of directors deem relevant.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

The Company's status as an "emerging growth company" pursuant to the provisions of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the "JOBS Act") ended on December 31, 2019. Section 102 of the JOBS Act provides that an "emerging growth company" can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), for complying with new or revised accounting standards. As previously disclosed and prior to the expiration of its "emerging growth company" status, the Company had chosen, irrevocably, to "opt out" of such extended transition period, and as a result, complied with new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards was required for non-emerging growth companies. 

In June 2016, the FASBFinancial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASUAccounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) - Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments(" ("ASU 2016-13"), which changes the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments from an "incurred loss" approach to a new "expected credit loss" methodology. The FASB followed up with ASU 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments in April 2019, ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), in May 2019, ASU 2019-11, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Lossesin November 2019, and ASU 2020-02, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) and Leases (Topic 842)in February 2020 to provide further clarification on this topic. The standard is effective for annual and interim periods beginning January 1, 2020, and requires full retrospective application upon adoption.  During November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) and Leases (Topic 842): Effective Dates that provides for additional implementation time for smaller reporting companies with the standard being effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years.  Early adoption is permitted.  As a smaller reporting company, we are not adopting the requirements of ASU 2016-13 for the year beginning January 1, 2020,2021, however we do not anticipate a material impact to our consolidated financial statements as a result of adoption.adoption.

In

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In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740)-Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes ("ASU 2019-12"), which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. The pronouncement is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020,2020.  with early adoption permitted.  We are currently inThe Company adopted the processprovisions of evaluating the effects on our financial statements of adopting ASU 2019-12.12 effective January 1, 2021 and experienced no impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of adoption.

In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-01, Investments - Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivative and Hedging (Topic 815) ("ASU 2020-01").  ASU 2020-01 clarifies the interaction of the accounting for equity securities under Topic 321 and investments accounted for under the equity method of accounting in Topic 323 and the accounting for certain forward contracts and purchased options accounted for under Topic 815.  The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2020, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted.years.  The Company expectsadopted the provisions of ASU 2020-01 effective January 1, 2021 and experienced no material impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of adoption.

THE NEW HOME COMPANY INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSthe Codification. The amendments are effective for public entities in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2020-10effective January 1, 2021 and experienced no impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of adoption. 

2. Computation of LossEarnings (Loss) Per Share

The following table sets forth the components used in the computation of basic and diluted loss per share for the three months ended March 31, 20202021 and 20192020:

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3. Contracts and Accounts Receivable

Contracts and accounts receivable consist of the following:

Billed contracts receivable represent amounts billed to customers that have yet to be collected. Unbilled contracts receivable represents the contract revenue recognized but not yet invoiced. All unbilled receivables as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 20192021 are expected to be billed and collected within 30 days. Accounts payable at March 31, 20202021 and December 31, 20192020 includes $10.6des $0.8 million and $9.6$2.6 million, respectively, related to costs incurred under the Company’s fee building contracts.

THE NEW HOME COMPANY INC.

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4. Real Estate Inventories

Real estate inventories are summarized as follows:

All of our deposits and pre-acquisition costs are nonrefundable, except for refundable deposits ofof $0.1 millionmillion and $0.1 million as of March 31, 20202021 and December 31, 20192020, respectively.

Land held and land under development includes land costs and costs incurred during site development such as development, indirects, and permits. Homes completed or under construction and model homes include all costs associated with home construction, including allocated land, development, indirects, permits, materials and labor (except for capitalized selling and marketing costs, which are classified in other assets).

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During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the company completed the Epic Acquisition.  The purchase price was approximately $8.5 million, $6.9 million of which was paid at closing with the balance to be paid in future installments, and was funded with cash on hand.  This transaction was accounted for as a business combination in accordance with ASC 805.  Under ASC 805, the Company recorded the acquired assets and assumed liabilities at their estimated fair values with the excess allocated to goodwill.  We recorded approximately $37.0 million of real estate inventories owned, $2.0 million of goodwill, approximately $1.2 million of other assets, $24.1 million of notes payable, and approximately $7.6 million of accounts payable and other accrued liabilities. The Company determined the fair value of real estate inventories on an individual project level basis using a combination of a land residual analysis and a discounted cash flow analysis. These methods are significantly impacted by estimates relating to expected selling prices, anticipated sales pace, cost to complete estimates, and the highest and best use of projects prior to acquisition. These estimates were developed and used at the individual project level, and may vary significantly between projects. Other assets, accounts receivable, accounts payable, notes payable and accrued expenses and other liabilities were stated at historical value due to the short-term nature of these items. Goodwill represents the value the Company expects to achieve through the operational synergies and the expansion of the Company into the Colorado market.  It also represents the value we expect to receive through the use of the "Epic Homes" trade name which the Company will continue to use in the Colorado market.  The Company estimates that the entire $2.0 million of goodwill resulting from the Epic Acquisition will be tax deductible. Goodwill is included in the Colorado homebuilding reporting segment in Note 15.

In addition, we incurred approximately $1.0 million of transaction costs related to the Epic Acquisition, which are included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. Following the consummation of the Epic Acquisition, the Company repaid approximately $23.8 million of the Epic Companies’ third-party indebtedness. As of March 31, 2021, the purchase price accounting reflected in the accompanying condensed financial statements is preliminary and is based upon estimates and assumptions that may be subject to change within the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date pursuant to ASC 805). All net assets and operations acquired in this transaction are included in the Colorado homebuilding reporting segment in Note 15. The supplemental pro forma information for revenue and earnings of the Company as though the business combination had occurred as of January 1, 2020 has not been presented as this pro forma information was not deemed material for the periods ended March 31, 2021 or 2020.

In accordance with ASC 360, inventory is stated at cost, unless the carrying amount is determined not to be recoverable, in which case inventory is written down to its fair value. We review each real estate asset at the community-level on a quarterly basis or whenever indicators of impairment exist.  For the three months ended March 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, the Company recognized 0 real estate-related impairments. 

During the 2020 first quarter, the Company terminated its option agreement for a luxury condominium project in Scottsdale, Arizona. Due to the lower demand levels experienced at this community coupled with the substantial investment required to build out the remainder of the project, the Company decided to abandon the future acquisition, development, construction and sale of future phases of the project that were under option. In accordance with ASC 970-360-40-1, the capitalized costs related to the project are expensed and not allocated to other components of the project that the Company did develop. For the three months ended March 31, 2020,the Company recorded an abandonment charge of $14.0 million representing the capitalized costs that havehad accumulated related to the portion of the project that is beingwas abandoned.  This charge is included within project abandonment costs in the accompanying condensed consolidated statementstatements of operations.