The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

For the ~~Nine~~Three Months Ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and 2022 ~~and 2021~~

							2023			2022
	Nine Months Ended September 30,						Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021			2023			2022
Operating Activities
Net loss	$	(71,628	)	$	(2,452	)	$	(7,432	)	$	(8,906	)
Net income from discontinued operations (including gain on sale of MTI Instruments of $7,581 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022)		(7,751	)		(500	)
Net income from discontinued operations								-			(226	)
Net loss from continuing operations		(79,379	)		(2,952	)		(7,432	)		(9,132	)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		22,999			381
Depreciation expense								632			4,328
Amortization expense								2,369			2,369
Stock-based compensation		2,747			1,373			847			927
Consultant stock compensation		121			49			32			28
Deferred income taxes		(1,344	)		-			(547	)		(547	)
Impairment on fixed assets		28,836			-			209			-
Amortization of operating lease asset		151			121			56			50
Impairment on equity investment		750			-
Loss on debt extinguishment and revaluation		12,317			-
Gain on debt revaluation, net								(473	)		-
Amortization on deferred financing costs and discount on notes		6,630			-			501			2,447
Loss (gain) on sale of fixed assets		2,606			(6	)
Loss on sale of fixed assets								78			-
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(1,498	)		(108	)		41			206
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(154	)		(628	)		(26	)		(594	)
Other long-term assets		(69	)		(754	)		(300	)		59
Accounts payable		884			3,590			1,368			1,405
Deferred revenue		118			183			(453	)		(9	)
Operating lease liabilities		(148	)		(111	)		(54	)		(49	)
Other liabilities		(306	)		306			104			-
Accrued liabilities		(382	)		937			(5	)		(687	)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities		(5,121	)		2,381			(3,053	)		801
Net cash provided by operating activities- discontinued operations		369			496			-			510
Investing Activities
Purchases of equipment		(61,867	)		(17,632	)
Purchases of property, plant, and equipment								(860	)		(25,438	)
Purchases of intangible assets		(114	)		-			(24	)		(40	)
Proceeds from disposal on equipment		2,525			-
Proceeds from disposal on property, plant, and equipment								249			-
Deposits of equipment, net		6,441			(5,656	)		200			(2,590	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(53,015	)		(23,288	)		(435	)		(28,068	)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities- discontinued operations		9,004			(37	)		-			-
Financing Activities
Proceeds from preferred offering		16,658			20,165
Proceeds from common stock offering		-			17,250
Proceeds from preferred offerings								-			1,170
Proceeds from common stock securities purchase agreement offering								41			-
Proceeds from notes and debt issuance		29,736			-			900			19,767
Costs of preferred offering		(1,910	)		(1,867	)		-			(155	)
Costs of common stock offering		-			(1,847	)
Costs of notes and short term debt issuance		(6,269	)		-
Costs of common stock securities purchase agreement offering								(4	)		-
Costs of notes and short-term debt issuance								-			(465	)
Cash dividend distribution on preferred stock		(3,852	)		(176	)		-			(749	)
Payments on NYDIG loans and line of credit								(215	)		(980	)
Contributions from non-controlling interest		4,293			-			5,991			-
Proceeds from stock option exercises		153			101
Proceeds from common stock warrant exercises		779			9			-			738
Net cash provided by financing activities		39,588			33,635			6,713			19,326

(Decrease) increase in cash-continuing operations		(18,548	)		12,728
Increase in cash- discontinued operations		9,373			459
Cash – beginning of period		10,258			2,630
Cash – end of period	$	1,083		$	15,817
Increase (decrease) in cash & restricted cash-continuing operations								3,225			(7,941	)
Increase in cash & restricted cash- discontinued operations								-			510
Cash & restricted cash – beginning of period								1,821			10,258
Cash & restricted cash – end of period							$	5,046		$	2,827

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
Noncash equipment financing		4,620			-			-			4,620
Interest paid on NYDIG loans		1,148			-
Proceed receivable from sale of MTI Instruments		205			-
Interest paid on NYDIG loans and line of credit								6			345
Noncash disposal of NYDIG collateralized equipment								3,388			-
Notes converted to common stock		2,441			-			1,394			1,342
Warrant consideration in relation to promissory notes and convertible notes		14,602			-			-			2,257
Promissory note conversion to preferred shares		15,236			-
Noncash proceed on sale of equipment		290			-
Purchase of miner equipment using restricted stock		-			(207	)
Promissory note and interest conversion to common shares								401			-
Registration fees in prepaids and accounts payable		-			(8	)		-			(58	)
Noncash non-controlling interest contributions								2,767			-
Series B preferred dividend in accrued expense								(131	)		-
Noncash activity right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations								397			-

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Unless the context requires otherwise in these notes to the consolidated financial statements, the terms “SHI,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Soluna Holdings, Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries, “SCI” refers to Soluna Computing, Inc., formerly known as EcoChain, Inc., and “MTI Instruments” refers to MTI Instruments, Inc..

Soluna Holdings, Inc., formerly known as Mechanical Technology, Incorporated was incorporated in Nevada on March 24, 2021, and is the successor to Mechanical Technology, Inc., which was incorporated in the State of New York in 1961, as a result of a merger which became effective on March 29, 2021, and is headquartered in Albany, New York. Effective November 2, 2021, the Company changed its name from “Mechanical Technology, Incorporated” to “Soluna Holdings, Inc.”

SHI currently conducts our business through our wholly-owned subsidiary, ~~SCI.~~Soluna Computing, Inc. (“SCI”). SCI is engaged in ~~the~~ mining of cryptocurrency through data centers that can be powered by renewable energy sources. Recently, SCI has built modular data centers that are used for cryptocurrency mining though proprietary mining and hosting business models. SCI intends to continue to develop and build, modular data centers that ~~are used~~use wasted renewable energy for cryptocurrency mining and ~~that~~ in the future can be used for ~~computing~~ intensive, batchable computing applications, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, with the goal of providing a cost-effective alternative to battery storage or transmission lines. Headquartered in Albany, New York, the Company uses technology and intentional design to solve complex, real-world challenges.

SCI was incorporated in Delaware on January 8, 2020 as EcoChain, Inc., which operates a cryptocurrency mining ~~facility~~facilities that performs proprietary mining and data hosting services that integrates with the cryptocurrency blockchain network. Through the October 2021 acquisition by EcoChain, Inc. of an entity at the time named Soluna Computing, Inc., SCI also has a pipeline of certain cryptocurrency mining projects previously owned by Harmattan Energy, Ltd. (“HEL”) (formerly known as Soluna Technologies, Ltd.), a Canadian corporation incorporated under the laws of the Province of British Colombia that develops vertically-integrated, utility-scale computing facilities focused on cryptocurrency mining ~~(“prop mining”)~~ and cutting-edge blockchain applications. Following such acquisition, on November 15, 2021, SCI completed its conversion and redomicile to Nevada and changed its name from “EcoChain, Inc.” to “Soluna Computing, Inc.”. The following day, the acquired entity, Soluna Computing, Inc., changed its name to “Soluna Callisto Holdings Inc.” (“Soluna Callisto”). We earn revenue from this business as the mined cryptocurrencies are converted into U.S. dollars. In fiscal year 2021, SCI ~~has also~~ began mining operations in ~~fiscal year 2021 in~~ Murray, Kentucky, (“Project Sophie”) and Calvert City, ~~Kentucky. The mining facility in Calvert City currently performs~~Kentucky, (“Project Marie”). Project Marie had performed hosting services and ~~prop~~proprietary mining in which 10 megawatts iswere used for hosting services and 10 megawatts iswas used for ~~prop mining. The~~proprietary mining through the end of February 2023, at which time the facility ~~in Murray, Kentucky operates~~had shut down. As of March 31, 2023, Project Sophie operated fully on ~~prop~~proprietary mining with a capacity of 25 megawatts. On April 6, 2023, Project Sophie entered into a 25 MW hosting contract with a Bitcoin miner, in which will shift the Company’s business model at the Company’s modular data centers at Project Sophie from proprietary mining to hosting Bitcoin miners for the customer. The Company plans to sell its existing Bitcoin miners at the Project Sophie site and redeploy capital. On September 17, 2022, SCI sold specified assets consisting mainly of mining equipment and other general equipment items to a buyer at its Wenatchee, Washington ~~location. In addition, SCI entered into~~location, (“Project Edith”). Soluna has committed to providing certain facilities contracts at cost plus a ~~management and hosting services agreement with~~markup to facilitate the ~~buyer to host several~~continued operations for the sold mining ~~equipment now owned by~~assets, on behalf of the ~~buyer.~~new ownership. We have a development site in Texas (“Project Dorothy”) for a potential of up to 100 megawatts to be built at a wind farm with initial energization of 50 megawatts, ~~anticipated to begin~~ in which the ~~first quarter of 2023, subject to~~Company has obtained approval from the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (“ERCOT”) ~~approval~~ and ~~with ramp up likely~~expects to ~~continue~~begin energization in fiscal year 2023. The Company as of March 31, 2023, has a 15% ownership interest in Soluna DVSL ComputeCo, LLC (“DVSL”) in which is included within the Project Dorothy site, as discussed further in Note 16.

Until the Sale (as defined below), we also operated though our wholly owned subsidiary, MTI Instruments, an instruments business engaged in the design, manufacture and sale of vibration measurement and system balancing solutions, precision linear displacement sensors, instruments and system solutions, and wafer inspection tools. MTI Instruments was incorporated in New York on March 8, 2000. MTI Instruments’ products consisted of engine vibration analysis systems for both military and commercial aircraft and electronic gauging instruments for position, displacement and vibration application within the industrial manufacturing markets, as well as in the research, design and process development markets. These systems, tools and solutions were developed for markets and applications that require consistent operation of complex machinery and the precise measurements and control of products, processes, and the development and implementation of automated manufacturing and assembly. On December 17, 2021, we announced that we had entered into a non-binding letter of intent with a potential buyer (the “Buyer”) regarding the potential sale of MTI Instruments (the “LOI”) to an unrelated third party. Pursuant to the LOI, the Buyer would acquire ~~100~~100%% of the issued and outstanding common stock of MTI Instruments. As a result of the foregoing, the MTI Instruments business was reported as discontinued operations in our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, ~~2021~~2022, and prior periods included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, filed with the SEC on March 31, ~~2022~~2023 (the “Annual Report”)~~, as well as in these consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2022 and prior periods.~~. On April 11, 2022, we consummated the Sale, MTI Instruments ceased to be our wholly-owned subsidiary and, as a result, we have exited the instruments business. See Note 14 for additional information on the Sale.

On April 11, 2022, SHI entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Stock Purchase Agreement”) with NKX Acquiror, Inc. (the “Purchaser”), pursuant to which the Company sold on such date all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of its wholly-owned subsidiary, MTI Instruments, for approximately $~~9.25~~9.4 million in cash, subject to certain adjustments as set forth in the Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Sale”). The consideration paid by the Purchaser to the Company was based on an aggregate enterprise value of approximately $10.75 million. The Company recognized a gain on sale of approximately $~~7.6~~7.8 million.

The Company’s condensed financial statements as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 have been prepared using generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) applicable to a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business. As shown in the accompanying condensed financial statements, the Company did not generate sufficient revenue to generate net income and has negative working capital as of ~~September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023. In addition, the Company has ~~seen a decline~~ceased operations for Project Marie in February 2023 due to the ~~price~~termination of ~~Bitcoin due its volatility, which could have a material~~the Management and ~~negative impact to our operations.~~Hosting Services agreement with CC Metals and Alloys, LLC (“CCMA”) and repossession of collateral for miners as discussed further below. These factors, among others indicate that there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after issuance of these condensed unaudited financial statements as of ~~September~~March 31, 2023, or May 15, 2023.

Soluna MC Borrowing 2021-1, received a Notice of Acceleration and Repossession (the “NYDIG Notice”) from NYDIG ABL LLC (“NYDIG”) with respect to the Master Equipment Finance Agreement, dated as of December 30, ~~2022,~~2021 (the “MEFA”), by and between Borrower and NYDIG. The NYDIG Notice states that (a) Borrower failed to observe or ~~November 14, 2022.~~perform certain covenants, conditions or agreements contained in the MEFA and such failure continued unremedied for a period of ten days after Borrower’s knowledge of such breach, which resulted in an event of default under the MEFA, and (b) Borrower defaulted under the guaranty, collateral agreement, or other support agreement, which resulted in an event of default under the MEFA. In addition, the NYDIG Notice states that Borrower failed to pay certain payments of principal and interest under the MEFA when due, which failure also constituted an event of default under the MEFA. As a result of the foregoing events of default, and pursuant to the MEFA, NYDIG (x) declared the principal amount of all loans due and owing under the MEFA and all accompanying Loan Documents (as defined in the MEFA) to be due and immediately payable, (y) imposed a default rate of interest on any outstanding principal amount of each loan (together with all then unpaid interest accruing thereon) and all other obligations under the MEFA and the Loan Documents, and (z) demanded the return of all equipment subject to the MEFA and the Loan Documents. The obligations of Borrower under the MEFA and reflected in the NYDIG Notice were ring-fenced to Borrower and its direct parent company, Soluna MC LLC. On February 23, 2023, NYDIG proceeded to foreclose on all of the collateral securing the MEFA, which resulted in a reportable disposition of all of the Company’s mining assets at the site and certain of the operating assets of Project Marie. The total net book value of the collateralized assets that were repossessed totaled $3.4 million. Additionally, NDYIG has stated its intention to pursue SCI, the parent company of Guarantor, under a piercing of the corporate veil claim relating to Defendants’ debts and liabilities under the loan documents. SCI denies any such liability and has filed a complaint for a declaratory judgment against NYDIG in the Eighth Judicial District Court in Clark County, Nevada on March 16, 2023, seeking a declaratory judgment as to such matter.

The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company generating profitable operations in the future and/or obtaining the necessary financing to meet its obligations and repay its liabilities arising from normal business operations when they come due. In the near term, management is evaluating and implementing different strategies to obtain financing to fund the Company’s expenses and growth to achieve a level of revenue adequate to support the Company’s current cost structure. Financing strategies may include, but are not limited to, stock issuances, project level equity, debt borrowings, partnerships and/or collaborations. If the Company is unable to meet its financial obligations, it could be forced to restructure or refinance, seek additional equity capital or sell its assets. The Company might then be unable to obtain such financing or capital or sell its assets on satisfactory terms. There can be no assurance that additional financing will be available to the Company when needed or, if available, that it can be obtained on commercially reasonable terms. If the Company is not able to obtain the additional financing on a timely basis, if and when it is needed, it will be forced to delay or scale down some or all of its development activities or perhaps even cease the operation of its business.

In addition, as discussed above and further in Notes 14, and 15, the Company sold the MTI Instruments business in April 2022 to focus on developing and monetizing green, zero-carbon computing and cryptocurrency mining facilities. The Company received approximately $~~9.0~~ ~~million in cash, net of transaction costs, from the Sale.~~

To further implement management’s strategy, the Company entered into transactions to (i) recapitalize and negotiate revised terms with senior secured lenders, which released collateral (thus enabling execution of the project financing strategy), (ii) provide a means for Noteholders (as defined in Note 8) to reduce the Company’s debt through the equity markets, including by entering into the Addendum and Addendum Amendment (as defined in Note 8), which was intended to ~~allow the Company to convert up to $3.3~~ ~~million notes into common stock and redeem up to $6.6~~ ~~million of notes payable, and (iii) issue and sell $5.0~~ ~~million in a new series of preferred stock. In addition,~~ in May 2022, SCI entered into a structural understanding with Soluna SLC Fund I Projects Holdco LLC (“Spring Lane”), a Delaware limited liability company, pursuant to which Spring Lane agreed to provide up to $35.0million in project financing subject to various milestones and conditions ~~precedent; following the recapitalization and restructuring discussed above,~~precedent and in August 2022, the Company entered into an agreement with Spring Lane for an initial funding of up to $12.5million from the previously agreed-upon $35.0 million commitment from Spring Lane for Project Dorothy for a .32% ownership as of year-end. As of ~~September 30,~~December 31, 2022, the Company ~~has~~had received approximately $~~4.3~~4.8 million worth of contributions from Spring Lane. ~~Although we are currently in discussions~~In February and concluding on March 10, 2023, the Company entered into a series of Purchase and Sale Agreements with ~~NYDIG to potentially modify the repayment schedule under the NYDIG Facility,~~Spring Lane for a total purchase price of $7.5 million for the ~~months~~sale of ~~September 2022~~Series B membership interests owned by SHI. The capital was funded and ~~October 2022,~~used to help complete the ~~Company received a waiver to make interest-only payments which has delayed~~substation interconnection and the ~~Company’s future monthly principal~~final stages of Project Dorothy, Soluna’s flagship project in West Texas, and ~~interest payments by two months, there is no assurance that the Company will be able to modify the repayment schedule under the NYDIG facility for future payments.~~ corporate operations and general expenses of Soluna. In ~~October 2022, the Company issued a convertible promissory note to~~this series of transactions, Spring Lane ~~(the “Spring Lane Note”) with an aggregate principal amount of $~~increased its stake in Soluna DVSL ComputeCo from approximately ~~850~~32 ~~thousand. Upon closing of the October 2022 Offering (as defined herein), the Company issued~~% to ~~Spring Lane an aggregate of~~ ~~593,065~~85 ~~shares of common stock upon the automatic conversion of the Spring Lane Note, equal~~% and reduced SHI’s ownership from 68% to ~~the aggregate principal amount of $850,000~~15 ~~and accrued and unpaid interest thereon at the same price per share as the October 2022 Offering. See Note 18~~%.

In addition, on May 9, 2023, the Company’s indirect subsidiary Soluna DV ComputeCo, LLC (“DV”) completed a strategic partnership and financing with a special purpose vehicle, Navitas West Texas Investments SPV, LLC, (“Navitas”) organized by Navitas Global, to complete the second phase of the Dorothy Project (“Dorothy 1B”). Under a Contribution Agreement among the parties, the Company owned a substantially complete 25MW data center under construction, in which the Company had contributed capital expenditures for the data center. Navitas has initially contributed the initial installment of $4.5 million of a $10.8 cash commitment for the primary purpose of purchasing proprietary cryptocurrency miners and equipment necessary to put the Dorothy 1B Project into service. As a result of the initial contribution, the Company owns 73.5% of DV and Navitas owns 26.5% of DV. The Company expects Navitas to contribute the balance of the committed funds by the end of May 2023. At the completion of funding, Navitas will have a 49% membership interest in DV, and the Company will have a 51% membership interest in DV.

During the first quarter of 2023, the Company has entered into six separate promissory notes for a total of $900 thousand at an interest rate of 15%. In March 2023, we retired two of these promissory notes for a total of $300 thousand, and an additional $325 thousand was retired in April of 2023 leaving $275 thousand still outstanding, using proceeds from a subsequent placement of the December 5^th Securities Purchase Agreement Offering.

For the first three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company has sold under-utilized miners and equipment, and continues to evaluate opportunities to sell more miners and equipment for fiscal year 2023. In addition to the proceeds from the foregoing transactions and together with the Company’s cash on hand for available use of approximately $~~1.1~~4.6 million as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023, the Company will need additional capital raising activities, to meet its outstanding commitments relating to capital expenditures as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 of $~~0.9~~0.2 million and other operational needs, as well as additional needs during 2023 and management continues to evaluate different strategies to obtain financing to fund operations. H~~owever,~~However, management cannot provide any assurances that the Company will be successful in accomplishing additional financing or any of its other plans. These financial statements do not include any adjustments related to the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

The COVID-19 global pandemic has been unprecedented and unpredictable, and the impact is likely to continue to result in significant national and global economic disruption, which may adversely affect our business. Although the Company has experienced some minor ~~changes~~impacts to ~~our miner shipments~~the Project Dorothy builds due to disruptions in the global supply chain, the Company does not expect any material impact on our long-term strategic plans, our operations, or our liquidity due to the impacts of COVID-19. Further, various macroeconomic factors could adversely affect our business and the results of our operations and financial condition, including changes in inflation, interest rates and overall economic conditions. For instance, inflation could negatively impact the Company by increasing our labor costs, through higher wages and higher interest rates. If inflation or other factors were to significantly increase our business costs, our ability to develop our current projects may be negatively affected. Interest rates, the liquidity of the credit markets and the volatility of the capital markets could also affect the operation of our business and our ability to raise capital in order to fund our operations. However, the Company is actively monitoring this situation and the possible effects on our financial condition, liquidity, operations, suppliers, and the ~~industry.~~industry.

In the opinion of management, the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are of a normal recurring nature, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the periods presented in accordance with United States of America’s Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“U.S. ~~GAAP.~~GAAP”). The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year.

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual ~~Report.~~Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (“the Annual Report”).

The information presented in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, ~~2021~~2022 has been derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements. All other information has been derived from the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022.

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and ~~our~~its wholly-owned subsidiary, ~~SCI, as of September 30, 2022 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, also include the accounts of our then wholly-owned subsidiary, MTI Instruments.~~SCI. All intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

Variable Interest Entities (“VIEs”) are entities that, by design, either (i) lack sufficient equity to permit the entity to finance its activities independently, or (ii) have equity holders that do not have the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact its economic performance, the obligation to absorb the entity’s expected losses, or the right to receive the entity’s expected residual returns. The Company consolidates a VIE when it is the primary beneficiary, which is the party that has both (i) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (ii) through its interests in the VIE, the obligation to absorb expected losses or the right to receive expected benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

~~The Company consolidates the accounts of Soluna DVSL ComputeCo, LLC (“DVSL”), a VIE, in which the Company holds a~~ ~~67.8~~% equity interest, and which was created in order to construct, own, operate and maintain multi-purpose data centers in order to support the mining of cryptocurrency assets, batch processing and other non-crypto related activities. DVSL was designed by Soluna to create an entity for outside investors to invest in specific projects. The creation of DVSL resulted in Soluna, through its equity interest in DVSL, absorbing operational risk that the entity was created to create and distribute, resulting in Soluna having a variable interest in DVSL. Soluna is the primary beneficiary of DVSL, due to its role as the manager handling the day-to-day activities of DVSL and its majority ownership of Class B Units of DVSL, and thus has the power to direct the activities of DVSL that most significantly impact the performance of DVSL and has the obligation to absorb losses or gains of DVSL that could be significant to Soluna. DVSL is a VIE of Soluna as DVSL is structured with non-substantive voting rights.

The ownership interest held by owners other than the Company in less than wholly-owned subsidiaries are classified as non-controlling interests. The value attributable to the non-controlling interests is presented on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets separately from the equity attributable to the Company. Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests are presented separately on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income, respectively.

Unless otherwise noted, all capital values, share and per share amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements have been retroactively restated for the effects of the Company’s change in par value from $0.01 to $0.001, which became effective after the reincorporation to the State of Nevada on March 29, 2021.

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for consistency with the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the reported results of operations or net assets. ~~The reclassifications relate to the presentation of discontinued operations and a correction of an error.~~

~~The Company recorded cash preferred dividend distributions of $630~~ thousand in the Annual Report presentation as an increase within accumulated deficit. However, in the absence of retained earnings, cash dividends should generally be charged to Additional-Paid-in Capital (“APIC”). This treatment is supported by Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480-10-S99-2, which requires accretion of redeemable preferred stock to be charged to APIC in the absence of retained earnings. As the Company did not have accumulated profit (i.e.: absence of retained earnings), the preferred cash dividends should have been charged to APIC.

~~The following tables present the effects of the correction of the prior period error to the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Equity:~~

~~Schedule of Error Correction in Condensed Consolidated Statement of Equity~~

(Dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2022			December 31, 2021			March 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
Land	$	52		$	52		$	52		$	52
Land improvements		488			238			490			488
Buildings		7,262			5,650			6,048			6,351
Leasehold improvements		187			317			18			59
Vehicles		15			15			15			15
Computers and related software		41,769			30,890			3,686			7,248
Machinery and equipment		4,754			2,588			2,605			3,295
Office furniture and fixtures		22			22			22			22
Equipment held for sale								556			295
Construction in progress		26,388			7,590			26,998			26,175
Property, plant and equipment gross		80,937			47,362			40,490			44,000
Less: Accumulated depreciation		(17,426	)		(2,765	)		(1,682	)		(1,496	)
Property, plant and equipment	$	63,511		$	44,597		$	38,808		$	42,504

Depreciation expense was approximately $~~6.0~~632 ~~million~~thousand and $~~157~~4.3 ~~thousand~~million for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023, and ~~2021, respectively. Depreciation expense was $15.9~~ ~~million and $381~~ ~~thousand for~~ the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2022, ~~and 2021,~~ respectively.

In January 2023, the Company sold M20 and M21 miners for a loss on sale of equipment of approximately $82 thousand in which we received proceeds of $213 thousand for our M20 and M21 miners which were previously reported as held for sale as of December 31, 2022, in which had a net book value of $295 thousand. There were additional proceeds of $36 thousand in March 2023, in which resulted in a gain of approximately $3 thousand of scrap and other equipment.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company had impairment charges of approximately $209 thousand in which related to impairment of approximately $166 thousand power supply units (PSUs) at the Sophie location and $~~2.6~~43 ~~million loss~~thousand for M31 miners in which were subsequently sold in April 2023, in which the Company wrote down the net book value to subsequent sale price. There were no impairment charges for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2022.

Prior to March 31, 2023, the Company had a business opportunity to sell the M31 miners, in ~~connection with~~which were subsequently sold in April 2023, as such the ~~disposal~~Company recorded the net book value of ~~miners and~~$177 thousand as assets held for sale included within property, plant, equipment ~~with~~on the balance sheet due to a policy election. In addition, due to the closure of the Marie facility in February 2023, the Company had a net book value of approximately $~~3.3~~379 ~~million and $5.4~~ ~~million~~thousand for ~~the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022~~tesseracts in which were also included as held for sale noted within property, plant and equipment as the Company ~~received proceeds of $2.35~~ ~~million and $2.8~~ ~~million for~~is actively trying to sell the ~~three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. There were no such disposals on~~ equipment ~~for~~within the ~~three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.~~next year.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company concluded that there were impairment indicators on property, plant and equipment associated with the S-9 and L3 miners in storage. As a result, a quantitative impairment analysis was required as of September 30, 2022. As such, the Company reassessed its estimates and forecasts as of September 30, 2022, to determine the fair values of the S-9 and L3 miners held in storage. As a result of the analysis, as of September 30, 2022, the Company concluded the carrying amount of the property, plant and equipment associated with the S-9 and L3 miners exceeded its fair value, which resulted in impairment charges of $~~1.2~~ ~~million and $2.0~~ ~~million on the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.~~

In addition, the Company assessed the active miners in operations and determined there has been a decline in the market value of the active miners in the Company’s operations. As a result, a quantitative impairment analysis was required as of September 30, 2022. As such, the Company reassessed its estimates and forecasts as of September 30, 2022, to determine the undiscounted cash flows to determine whether the miners would be recoverable. It was determined based on the analysis, that the undiscounted cash flow with residual value was less than the net book value as of September 30, 2022, confirming the existence of a triggering event, and therefore required an impairment to be recognized. Based on the fair value of the active miners compared to the net book value, the Company determined that an impairment of approximately $~~26.8~~ ~~million to be recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.~~

As discussed above, ~~in Note 1,~~ on October 29, 2021, ~~the Company~~we completed the Soluna Callisto acquisition pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of August 11, 2021, by and among the Company, SCI and Soluna Callisto (the “Merger Agreement”). The purpose of the transaction was ~~(i)~~ for SCI to acquire substantially all of the assets (other than those assets physically located in Morocco) formerly held by HEL, which assets consisted of Soluna Callisto’s existing pipeline of certain cryptocurrency mining projects that HEL previously transferred to Soluna Callisto and ~~(ii)~~ to provide SCI with the opportunity to directly employ or retain the services of four individuals whose services it had retained through HEL prior to the merger. As a result of the merger, each share of common stock of Soluna Callisto issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the merger, other than shares owned by the Company or any of our subsidiaries, was cancelled and converted into the right to receive a proportionate share of up to 2,970,000 shares (the “Merger Shares”) of the Company’s common stock payable upon the achievement of certain milestones within five years after the effective date in the merger, as set forth in the merger agreement and the schedules thereto (the “Merger Consideration”). See Note 11 for further information regarding our relationship with HEL.

The acquisition was accounted for, for purposes of U.S. GAAP, using the asset acquisition method of accounting under the ASC 805-50. We determined that we acquired in the acquisition a group of similar identifiable assets (primarily, the “strategic pipeline contract” of certain cryptocurrency mining projects), which it classified as an intangible asset for accounting purposes. As a result, our acquisition of the set of assets and activities constituted an asset acquisition, as opposed to a business acquisition, under ASC 805. ASC 805-50 provides that assets acquired in an asset acquisition are measured based on the costs of the acquisition, which is the consideration that the acquirer transfers to the seller and includes direct transaction costs related to the acquisition. We include Soluna Callisto’s results of operations in our results of operations beginning on the effective date of the acquisition.

In connection with the Soluna Callisto acquisition, effective as of October 29, 2021, pursuant to the terms of a termination agreement ~~(the “Termination Agreement”)~~ dated as of August 11, 2021 by and among the Company, SCI, and HEL, on November 5, 2021, SCI paid HEL $725,000 and SHI issued to HEL 150,000 shares of ~~our~~SHI common stock (the “Termination Shares”). SCI also reimbursed HEL $75,000 ~~to HEL~~ for transaction-related fees and expenses. SHI included the termination costs as part of asset acquisition per ASC 805-50. Based on the closing price of the SHI common stock on ~~The~~ Nasdaq ~~Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”)~~ on November 5, 2021, SHI has valued the aggregate termination consideration at approximately $1.9 million.

The fair value of the Merger Consideration includes various assumptions, including those related to the allocation of the estimated value of the maximum number of Merger Shares (2,970,000 ~~shares)~~) issuable as Merger Consideration, which issuance is contingent on the achievement of certain milestones of generating active Megawatts from Qualified Projects in which the Cost Requirement is satisfied within five years after the effective date of the merger, as set forth in the Merger Agreement and the schedules thereto, as set forth below. The Merger Consideration and the timing of the payment thereof is subject to the following qualifications and limitations:

On April 11, 2023, the Board has reviewed and approved the progress of SCI’s management team in qualifying facilities as Qualified Facilities and discussed an extension of the date in Section 2.7(a)(ii)(A) of the Merger Agreement to December 31, 2023, and an extension of the date in Section 2.7(a)(ii)(B) of the Merger Agreement to June 30, 2024.

The number of Merger Shares is also subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments in the event of any stock split, stock consolidation, stock dividend, or similar event involving the shares of our common stock. Based on the assessment performed, the fair value of the merger consideration as of October 29, 2021 was approximately ~~$33.0~~$33.0 million.

Based on management’s evaluation, management concluded that due to the high volatility of its share price, the low probability of not achieving the MW targets, and the fact the value associated with meeting the performance measures are not intended to drive the number of shares to be issued, but rather act as a proxy for and driver of share value, the monetary value of the obligation at inception is predominantly a function of equity shares. As such, the consideration will be treated as equity as ASC 480-10-25-14 is not applicable since the monetary value of the Merger Shares is not (1) fixed, or (2) dependent on (i) variations in something other than the fair value of the Company’s equity shares, or (ii) variations inversely related to changes in the fair value of the Company’s equity shares and is instead exposed to changes in the fair value of the Company’s share price, and as such does not represent a liability under ASC 480. The economic risks and characteristics of the share consideration are clearly and closely related to a residual equity interest since the underlying (i.e., the incremental shares of common stock delivered upon achievement of each MW target) will participate in the increase in value of the common equity of the Company, similar to a call option on common stock. Based on guidance in ASC 815-40-25-7 through 25-35, the share consideration is considered to be indexed to the Company’s stock and meets the additional criteria for equity classification.

Intangible assets ~~consisted~~consist of the following as of ~~September 30, 2022:~~March 31, 2023:

(Dollars in thousands)	Intangible Assets		Accumulated Amortization		Total		Intangible Assets		Accumulated Amortization		Total

Strategic pipeline contract	$	46,885	$	8,596	$	38,289	$	46,885	$	13,284	$	33,601
Assembled workforce		500		91		409		500		142		358
Patents		148		4		144		132		4		128
Total	$	47,533	$	8,691	$	38,842	$	47,517	$	13,430	$	34,087

Intangible assets ~~consisted~~consist of the following as of December 31, ~~2021:~~2022:

(Dollars in thousands)	Intangible Assets		Accumulated Amortization		Total		Intangible Assets		Accumulated Amortization		Total

Strategic pipeline contract	$	46,885	$	1,562	$	45,323	$	46,885	$	10,940	$	35,945
Assembled workforce		500		17		483		500		117		383
Patents		33		—		33		110		6		104
Total	$	47,418	$	1,579	$	45,839	$	47,495	$	11,063	$	36,432

Amortization expense for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 was approximately $2.4 million and $~~7.1~~2.4 ~~million, respectively. There were no intangible assets or amortization expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.~~million.

The strategic pipeline contract relates to supply of a critical input to our digital mining business. The Company has analyzed this strategic pipeline contract similar to a permit for future benefit. The strategic pipeline contract relates to potential renewable energy datacenters that fit in the alignment of the Company structure to expand operations of the Company’s new focus in their business.

The Company expects to record amortization expense of intangible assets over the next five years and thereafter as follows:


(Dollars in thousands)
Year ending December 31,
2022 (remainder of the year)	$	2,371
2023		9,484
Year			2023
2023 (remainder of the year)			$	7,113
2024		9,484		9,483
2025		9,484		9,483
2026		7,904		7,904
2027				6
Thereafter		115		98
Total	$	38,842	$	34,087

During the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s effective income tax rate ~~on the tax benefit was -0.96% and -1.66%, and for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company’s effective income tax rate~~ was 9.66% and 00%%. The projected annual effective tax rate is less than the Federal statutory rate of 2121%%, primarily due to the change in the valuation allowance, as well as changes to estimated taxable income for ~~2022~~2023 and permanent differences. There was $547 ~~thousand~~ and $~~1.3~~547 ~~million~~thousand deferred income tax benefit for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022, respectively,~~March 31, 2023 and ~~for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, there was an income tax expense of $~~0 ~~thousand and $~~3 ~~thousand, respectively.~~2022.

In connection with the strategic contract pipeline acquired in the Soluna Callisto acquisition as further discussed in Note 5, ASC 740-10-25-51 requires the recognition of a deferred tax impact of acquiring an asset in a transaction that is not a business combination when the amount paid exceeds the tax basis on the acquisition date. As such, the Company is required to adjust the value of the strategic contract pipeline by approximately ~~$10.9~~$10.9 million at inception date, in which was recorded as a deferred tax liability and this amount will be amortized over the life of the asset. For the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company amortized ~~$547 thousand and $1.6 million.~~$547 thousand.

The Company provides for recognition of deferred tax assets if the realization of such assets is more likely than not to occur in accordance with accounting standards that address income taxes. Significant management judgment is required in determining the period in which the reversal of a valuation allowance should occur. The Company has considered all available evidence, both positive and negative, such as historical levels of income and future forecasts of taxable income amongst other items, in determining its valuation allowance. In addition, the Company’s assessment requires us to schedule future taxable income in accordance with accounting standards that address income taxes to assess the appropriateness of a valuation allowance which further requires the exercise of significant management judgment.

The Company believes that the accounting estimate for the valuation of deferred tax assets is a critical accounting estimate because judgment is required in assessing the likely future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our financial statements or tax returns. The Company based the estimate of deferred tax assets and liabilities on current tax laws and rates and, in certain cases, business plans and other expectations about future outcomes. In the event that actual results differ from these estimates, or the Company adjusts these estimates in future periods, the Company may need to adjust the recorded valuation allowance, which could materially impact our financial position and results of operations. The valuation allowance was $~~25.9~~31.2 million and $~~11.9~~30.7 million ~~at September 30, 2022~~on March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, respectively. We will continue to evaluate the ability to realize our deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance on a quarterly basis.

	Maturity Date	Interest Rate			September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		Maturity Date	Interest Rate			March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Convertible Note	April 25, 2023		8	%	$	14,108	$	14,927	**July 25, 2024		*18	%	$	10,386	$	12,254
Less: debt discount						-		967						-		-
Less: discount from issuance of warrants						775		5,747						116		475
Less: debt issuance costs						52		1,092						-		42
Total convertible notes, net of discount and issuance costs					$	13,281	$	7,121					$	10,270	$	11,737

On October 25, 2021, pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “October SPA”), the Company issued to certain accredited investors (the “Noteholders”) (i) secured convertible notes in an aggregate principal amount of $16.3 million for an aggregate purchase price of $15 million (collectively, the “October Secured Notes”), which were, subject to certain conditions, convertible at any time by the investors, into an aggregate of 1,776,073 shares of the Company’s common stock, at a price per share of $9.18 and (ii) Class A, Class B and Class C common stock purchase warrants (collectively, the “October Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,776,073 shares of common stock, at an initial exercise price of $12.50, $15 and $18 per share, respectively. The October Warrants are legally detachable and can be separately exercised immediately for five years upon issuance, subject to applicable Nasdaq rules.

The October Secured Notes, subject to an original issue discount of 88%%, had a maturity date (the “Maturity Date”) of October 25, 2022, which was extended to April 25, 2023 pursuant to the Addendum Amendment (as defined below), upon which date the October Secured Notes shall be payable in full. Commencing on the Maturity Date and also five (5) days after the occurrence of any Event of Default (as defined in the October Secured Notes), interest on the October Secured Notes will accrue at an interest rate equal to the lesser of 1818%% per annum or the maximum rate permitted under applicable law. If any Event of Default or a Fundamental Transaction (as defined in the October Secured Notes) or a Change of Control (as defined in the October Secured Notes) occurs, the outstanding principal amount of the October Secured Notes, liquidated damages and other amounts owing in respect thereof through the date of acceleration, will become, at the Noteholder’s election, immediately due and payable in cash at the Mandatory Default Amount (as defined in the October Secured Notes). The October Secured Notes may not be prepaid, redeemed or mandatorily converted without the consent of the Noteholders. The obligations of the Company pursuant to the October Secured Notes are (i) secured to the extent and as provided in the Security Agreement, dated as of October 25, 2021, by and among the Company, MTI Instruments and SCI, Soluna MC, LLC and Soluna SW, LLC (both of which are wholly owned subsidiaries of SCI, and together with MTI Instruments and SCI, the “Subsidiary Guarantors”), and Collateral Services LLC (the “Collateral Agent”), as collateral agent for the Noteholders; and (ii) guaranteed, jointly and severally, by the Subsidiary Guarantors pursuant to each Subsidiary Guaranty, dated as of October 25, 2021, by and among each Subsidiary Guarantor and the Noteholderssignatory to the October SPA, subject to subsequent modifications pursuant to the Addendum, the Addendum Amendment and the NYDIG Transactions.

On July 19, 2022, the Company entered into an addendum to the October SPA (the “Addendum”), pursuant to which a portion of the October Secured Notes would be converted and may be redeemed in three tranches, with each tranche of $1,100,000 required to be converted into common stock in each case at the then in effect conversion price of the October Secured Notes, with such price, prior to each conversion, to be reduced (but not increased) to a 2020%% discount to the 5-day volume weighted average price (“VWAP”) of the Company’s common stock. In addition, the Noteholders may require the Company to redeem up to $2,200,000 worth of October Secured Notes in connection with each tranche at a rate of $1.20 for every $1.00 owed, less the amount of October Secured Notes converted during such tranche, not including the required conversion amount if the Noteholders are unable to convert out of such amount of the October Secured Notes in each tranche. The Company is also required to deposit up to $1,950,000 in an escrow account in connection with each tranche to satisfy any redemptions, except with respect to the first tranche as provided in the Addendum Amendment (as defined below). The Addendum also provides the right for the Company to pause the commencement of the conversion of the second and third tranches each for 45 days in the event the Company pursues an equity financing. Pursuant to the Addendum, the exercise price of the Class A Warrants and Class B Warrants and certain other warrants to purchase up to 85,000 shares of common stock issued to the Noteholders on January 13, 2022, was reduced from $13.26 to $9.50 per share. In addition, the Company agreed to exchange the Class C Warrants for 296,013 shares of common stock, which exchanges were completed between July 25, 2022 and August 1, 2022.

On September 13, 2022, the Company and the Noteholders entered into an agreement further amending the Addendum (the “Addendum Amendment”), which among other matters, extended the Maturity Date of the October Secured Notes by six months to April 25, 2023, and increased the principal amount of the October Secured Notes by an aggregate of $520,241 for a total outstanding principal amount of $13,006,022. Also pursuant to the Addendum Amendment, $1.0 million previously deposited by the Company and held in escrow pursuant to the Addendum, was released back to the Company upon signing of the Addendum ~~Amendment,~~Amendment; however, on or before October 17, 2022, the Company (i) must deposit $~~1,000,000~~$1,000,000 into escrow as the Third Deposit, (ii) will not be required to make the second deposit of $~~1,950,000~~$1,950,000 pursuant to the Addendum and the Addendum Agreement, or redeem the first tranche of October Secured Notes. Additionally, the First Reconcile Date was extended to October 12, 2022. The Company gave notice to the Noteholders on October 10, 2022 that the Company would be conducting an equity ~~financing (see Note 14,~~ ~~Underwritten Public Offering~~).financing. This in turn paused the commencement of (a) the Second Conversion and the Second Reconcile Date, and (b) the Third Conversion and the Third Reconcile Date, in each case, for forty-five (45) Trading Days, each as defined in the Addendum. This also had the effect of pausing the Company’s requirement to make the Third Deposit of $~~1,000,000~~$1,000,000 under the October Purchase Agreement as amended by the Addendum, for 45 Trading ~~Days~~Days. The 45-day trading window opened on December 20, 2022 to allow the Noteholders to apply the 20% discount to the 5-day VWAP of the Company’s stock.. In addition, pursuant to the Addendum Agreement, the Company issued to the Noteholders (i) 430,564 shares of the common stock (“New Shares”) in exchange for the Class B warrants, (ii) Class D common stock purchase warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,000,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $3.50 per share, (iii) Class E common stock purchase warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,000,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $4.50 per share, (iv) Class F common stock purchase warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,000,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $5.50 per share, and (v) Class G common stock purchase warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,000,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $7.50 per share (together, the “New Warrants”). The New Warrants are exercisable immediately and have exercise period of 5 years from the issuance date.

Pursuant to the Addendum, between July 21, 2022 to August 3, 2022, the October Secured Notes with an aggregate principal amount of $1,100,000 converted into 293,350 shares of common stock, at the conversion price of $3.75. Pursuant to the Addendum and Addendum Amendment, the Company evaluated whether the new addendums qualified as debt modification or debt extinguishment, and based on ASC 470, Debt, the Company determined the Addendum and Addendum Amendment to fall under Debt Extinguishment and the Company would be required to fair value the new debt, and in turn write off the existing debt on the books. Based on the Company’s assessment, an extinguishment of debt of approximately $~~12.3~~12.8 million was recorded in July and asSeptember of ~~September 30,~~ 2022 based on the Addendum and Addendum Amendment, the October Secured Notes had an aggregate principal amount of approximately $13.0 million and a fair value of approximately $14.1 million ~~outstanding.~~outstanding after the debt extinguishment. The fair value of the New Warrants issued to the Noteholders ~~were valued at~~was approximately $8.6 million and recorded as part of the loss on extinguishment of debt. The residual fair value of the New Warrants issued to non-lenders ~~were valued at $892~~was $892 thousand and was recorded as equity with the offset as debt discount against the residual ~~proceeds.~~proceeds, in which $776 thousand has been amortized through March 31, 2023, in which $358 thousand related to the three months ended March 31, 2023. All the original debt issuance costs were written off with the extinguishment of the debt, and with the Addendum ~~Amendment,~~Amendment. As of the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company had to fair value the outstanding debt, ~~issuance costs~~in which it was determined to be approximately $12.3 million of a principal outstanding balance of approximately $5613.0 ~~thousand~~million, in which the change in valuation compared to September 2022 when the Company had an extinguishment recorded, was recorded as a revaluation gain for the year ended December 31, 2022.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company had approximately $41.4 ~~thousand has been amortized~~million of note conversions with the Noteholders, therefore reducing the outstanding principal balance to approximately $11.6 million as of March 31, 2023. The Company also performed a fair value assessment in which the value of the convertible notes was determined to be approximately $10.4 million, therefore a revaluation gain was recorded for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2022.~~

~~On February 22, 2022,~~March 31, 2023 between the ~~Company issued to certain institutional lenders (the “Lenders”) promissory notes in an aggregate principal amount of $7.6~~ ~~million for an aggregate purchase price of $7.6~~ ~~million (collectively, the “First Tranche Notes”). The Notes were issued as the first tranche of an aggregate financing of $20.0~~ ~~million. On March 10, 2022, the Company has issued to the lenders a second tranche of an aggregate principal amount of $2.4~~ ~~million (the “Second Tranche Notes”). The Company issued to the Lenders a third tranche of promissory notes in an aggregate principal amount of $10.0~~ ~~million for an aggregate purchase price of $10.0~~ million (the “Third Tranche Notes” and, together with the First Tranche Notes and Second Tranche Notes, the “Notes”) along with Class D common stock purchase warrants (collectively, the “Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of ~~1,000,000~~ ~~shares of common stock of the Company, at an exercise price of $11.50~~ ~~per share on April 13, 2022. The Warrants were immediately exercisable for two years upon issuance, subject to applicable Nasdaq rules.~~

The exercise of the Warrants is subject to beneficial ownership limitations such that the Lenders may not exercise the Warrants to the extent that such exercise would result in each of the Lenders being the beneficial owner in excess of ~~4.99~~% (or, upon election of such Lender, 9.99%) of the number of shares of the common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of common stock issuable upon such exercise, which beneficial ownership limitation may be increased or decreased up to ~~9.99% upon notice to the Company, provided that any increase in such limitation will not be effective until 61 days following notice to the Company.~~

~~The total~~ fair value of the ~~Warrants,~~notes as of ~~the issuance date, was $5.32~~ ~~million and is recorded as equity with the offset recorded as debt discount against the net proceeds. The proceeds of $20.00~~ million were allocated between the Promissory Notes and the Warrants, in which the discount related to the warrants is being amortized based on the straight-line method through the date of Maturity. None of the Warrants have been exercised and exchangedDecember 31, 2022, less conversions for the ~~Company’s common stock~~first three months of fiscal year 2023, to fair value as of ~~September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023.

On April ~~29, 2022,~~24, 2023, the Company reached agreement with the holders of the outstanding Convertible Notes to extend the maturity thereof until May 25, 2023. On May 11, 2023, the Company entered into a Second Amendment Agreement (the “Second Amendment”) with the holders of its October Secured Notes to extend the maturity date of the October Secured Notes to July 25, 2024.

In connection with the Second Amendment, the Company paid an extension fee of $250,000 and increased the principal amount of the outstanding Notes by 14%. The Company also issued 6,000,000 new Class A warrants exercisable at $0.50 and 2,000,000 new Class B warrants exercisable at $0.80. See Note 18 for further details.

Following the debt extinguishment on July 19, 2022 as noted further above, the Convertible Notes will be accounted for under the fair value method on a recurring basis upon issuance (e.g., upon execution of the Addendum) per guidance within ASC 480, and at each subsequent reporting period, with changes in fair value reported in earnings. Although the Notes are not being accounted for under 825-10, the substance of the debt is considered to be the same and is therefore considered outside the scope of ASC 470-60. As such, the Company performed a ~~registered direct offering~~ fair value analysis of the Convertible Notes. For the year-ended December 31, 2022 and quarter-ended March 31, 2023, the Company had Monte Carlo simulations run-out for the expected conversion dates of the Convertible Notes using risk free rates, annual volatility, daily trading volumes, likely conversion profiles, and other assumptions based on principal and accrued interest as of the period ends. The Company determined the fair value of the Convertible Notes uses certain Level 3 inputs.

In accordance with the most favored nation provision (“MFN Provision”), following the issuance of the December 2022 Shares and the December 2022 Warrants, we reduced the conversion price of the October Secured Notes to $0.76 ~~shares~~per share. We held a special meeting on March 10, 2023 of ~~Series A Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, par value~~our stockholders for the purpose of obtaining stockholder approval for a reduction in the conversion price of the October Secured Notes, subject to a conversion price floor of $~~0.001~~0.30 per share, which amount represented the closing price of our Common Stock on the Nasdaq Stock Market on January 3, 2023, the first trading day of the 2023 fiscal year.

In connection with the December 2022 Offering, we also agreed to amend certain existing warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of: (i) 592,024 shares of our Common Stock at an exercise price of $9.50 per share and an expiration date of October 25, 2026; (ii) 1,000,000 shares of our Common Stock at an exercise price of $3.50 per share and with an expiration date of September 13, 2027; (iii) 1,000,000 shares of our Common Stock at an exercise price of $4.50 per share and with an expiration date of September 13, 2027; (iv) 1,000,000 shares of our Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.50 per share and with an expiration date of September 13, 2027; (v) 1,000,000 shares of our Common Stock at an exercise price of $7.50 per share and an expiration date of September 13, 2027; and (vi) 85,000 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $9.50 and an expiration date of January 14, 2025, held by the Noteholders (collectively, the “Noteholder Warrants”) so that the amended Noteholder Warrant would have an exercise price of $0.76 per share. The Company evaluated the warrant exercise price adjustment from the values noted above to $0.76 noting the total dollar value impact in which the Noteholder Warrant’s new fair value, as a result of the exercise price revision, exceeded the previous warrant instrument was approximately $370 thousand, the Company deemed the change in exercise price was in contemplation with the December 2022 offering, as such was recognized as a deferred cost of the offering against the proceeds.

The events of default stated in the Notice of Acceleration and Repossession defined below with NYDIG Financing constituted a cross-default under the terms of secured convertible notes issued to the Noteholders. In addition to such cross-default, the failure of the Company ~~(the “Series A Preferred Stock”)~~pursuant to the ~~Lenders, at an offering price~~Addendum dated as of $~~17.50~~ per share, the same price as the public offering price of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock in the underwritten public offering completed concurrently, in full satisfaction of the Company’s obligations under the outstanding Notes inJuly 19, 2022, to escrow an aggregate amount of $20950,000 ~~million.~~ for the benefit of the Noteholders by December 21, 2022, constituted an event of default under the Notes. Due to the defaults noted, the Company did not enter into the second and third tranche of conversions. As ~~of September~~such, beginning on November 30, 2022, the ~~entire~~Company has been accruing interest of 18% per annum on the outstanding principal amount due to the default which amounted to $617 thousand as of March 10, 2023. On March 10, 2023, the Company entered into a Second Addendum Amendment with the Noteholders, in which the Company paid the accumulated default accrued interest of $617 thousand through the Company’s restricted escrow accounts and ~~interest for~~contemporaneously with the ~~promissory notes have been fully paid and satisfied.~~payment, the Noteholders waived all existing events of default arising under the convertible notes.

The Company has issued six promissory notes to certain holders totaling an aggregate principal balance of $900 thousand in which were issued in $300 thousand increments on January 13, 2023, February 3, 2023, and February 10, 2023. Each of the promissory notes accrue at an interest rate of 15% per annum, and each note matures within nine months subsequent its issuance. On March 24, 2023, the Company issued to the holders of the promissory notes on January 13, 2023, 1,337,916 shares of common stock in satisfaction of the repayment of $300 thousand in principal plus accrued and unpaid interest of $9 thousand and other charges thereon of $92 thousand in which were included as part of interest expense, at the same price per share as the agreed upon share price conversion rate noted in relation to the December 5, 2022 SPA amendment on February 9, 2023, and approved during the Special Shareholders Meeting on March 10, 2023.

Subsequent to three months ended March 31, 2023, on April 4, 2023, the Company issued to the holders of the promissory notes on February 3, 2023 and February 10, 2023, 1,466,710 shares of common stock in satisfaction of the February 3, 2023 promissory note and partial satisfaction of the February 10, 2023 promissory note a total repayment of $325 thousand in principal plus accrued and unpaid interest of $10 thousand and other charges thereon of $105 thousand in which were included as part of interest expense, at the same price per share as the agreed upon share price conversion rate noted in relation to the December 5, 2022 SPA amendment on February 9, 2023, and approved during the Special Shareholders Meeting on March 10, 2023.

On December 30, 2021, Soluna MC Borrowing 2021-1 LLC (the “Borrower”), an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the Company entered into a Master Equipment Finance Agreement (the “Master Agreement”) with NYDIG ABL LLC (“NYDIG”) as lender, servicer and collateral agent (the “NYDIG facility”). The Master Agreement outlined the framework for a financing up to approximately $14.4 million in aggregate equipment financing. Subsequently, the parties negotiated the specific terms of each equipment financing transaction as well as the terms upon which the Noteholders would consent to the transactions contemplated by the Master Agreement.

On January 14, 2022, the Borrower effected an initial drawdown under the Master Agreement in the aggregate principal amount of approximately $4.6 million that bore interest at 1414%% and ~~will~~was to be repaid over 24 months. On January 26, 2022, the Borrower had a subsequent drawdown of $9.8 million. As part of the transactions contemplated under the Master Agreement, (i) the Company’s indirect wholly owned subsidiary, Soluna MC LLC, formerly EcoChain Block LLC (“Guarantor”), which is the owner of ~~100~~100%% of the equity interests of Borrower, executed a Guaranty Agreement in favor of NYDIG, as lender, dated as of December 30, 2021 (the “Guaranty Agreement”), (ii) Borrower has granted a lien on, and security interest in, all of its assets to NYDIG, as collateral agent, (iii) Guarantor entered into an equipment financing arrangement on assets purchased with the borrowed funds, (iv) Borrower ~~will~~would borrow from NYDIG the loans as forth in certain loan schedules (the “Specified Loans”), and (v) Borrower ~~has~~had executed a Digital Asset Account Control Agreement (the “ACA Wallet Agreement”) with NYDIG, as collateral agent and secured party, and NYDIG Trust Company LLC, as custodian, dated as of December 30, 2021, as well as such other agreements related to the foregoing as mutually agreed (collectively, the “NYDIG Transactions”).

In connection with the NYDIG Transactions, on January 13, 2022, the Company entered into a Consent and Waiver Agreement, dated as of January 13, 2022 (the “Consent”), with the Noteholders, in connection with the October SPA, pursuant to which the Noteholders agreed to waive any lien on, and security interest in, certain assets, provided various contingencies are fulfilled, and each Noteholder who acquired October Secured Notes having a principal amount of not less than $3,000,000 agreed to waive its rights under Section 4.17 of the October SPA to participate in Subsequent Financings (as defined in the October SPA) with respect to the NYDIG Transactions and any additional loans under the MEFA that only finance the purchase of equipment from NYDIG, in order to consent to the NYDIG Transactions. Pursuant to the Consent, the Noteholders also waived the current requirement of the October SPA and the other transaction documents (collectively, the “SPA Documents”) that the Borrower become an Additional Debtor (as defined in the Security Agreement) and execute an Additional Debtor Joinder (as defined in the Security Agreement) for so long as the Specified Loans ~~are~~were outstanding, and NYDIG would not ~~entering~~have entered into a subordination or intercreditor agreement with respect to the Guaranty. Further, pursuant to the Consent, the Noteholders waived the right to accelerate the Maturity Date of the October Secured Notes and the right to charge a default rate of interest on such Notes, in each case, with respect to certain changes in names of, and jurisdiction of incorporation, of the Debtors (as defined in the SPA Documents), which waiver ~~does~~would not waive any other Event of Default (as defined in any of the SPA Documents), known or unknown, as of the date of Consent.

Promptly after the date of the Consent, the Company issued warrants to purchase up to 85,000 shares of common stock to the Noteholder holding the largest outstanding principal amount of October Secured Notes as of the date of the Consent. Such warrants ~~are~~were substantially in form similar to the other warrants held by the Noteholders. Such warrants ~~are~~were exercisable for three years from the date of the Consent at an exercise price of $9.50 per share. On December 5, 2022, the exercise price of the warrants were reduced to an exercise price of $0.76 per share, effective with the closing of the Securities Purchase Agreement Offering on December 5, 2022.

The Company, through the Borrower, iswas required to make average monthly principal and interest payments to NYDIG of approximately $730 thousand on initial drawdown in aggregate principal amount of approximately $4.6 million bearing interest at 1414%%, and a subsequent drawdown of $9.8 million. ~~Although we are currently in discussions~~

On December 20, 2022, the Borrower received a Notice of Acceleration and Repossession (the “NYDIG Notice”) from NYDIG with ~~NYDIG~~respect to ~~potentially modify~~ the ~~repayment schedule~~Master Agreement, by and between Borrower and NYDIG. The obligations of Borrower under the Master Agreement and reflected in the NYDIG ~~Facility,~~Notice are ring-fenced to Borrower and its direct parent company, Soluna MC LLC. The Company is not a party to any guaranty, collateral agreement or other support agreement with or for the ~~months~~benefit of ~~September 2022~~NYDIG.

The NYDIG Notice states that (a) Borrower failed to observe or perform certain covenants, conditions or agreements contained in the Master Agreement and ~~October 2022,~~such failure continued unremedied for a period of ten days after Borrower’s knowledge of such breach, which resulted in an event of default under the ~~Company received~~Master Agreement, and (b) Borrower defaulted under the guaranty, collateral agreement, or other support agreement, which resulted in an ~~amended waiver~~event of default under the Master Agreement. In addition, the NYDIG Notice states that Borrower failed to ~~make interest-only~~pay certain payments ~~which has delayed the Company’s future monthly~~of principal and interest ~~payments by two months, there is no assurance that~~under the Master Agreement when due, which failure also constituted an event of default under the Master Agreement. As a result of the foregoing events of default, and pursuant to the Master Agreement, NYDIG (x) declared the principal amount of all loans due and owing under the Master Agreement and all accompanying Loan Documents (as defined in the Master Agreement) to be due and immediately payable, (y) imposed a default rate of interest on any outstanding principal amount of each loan (together with all then unpaid interest accruing thereon) and all other obligations under the Master Agreement and the Loan Documents, and (z) demanded the return of all equipment subject to the Master Agreement and the Loan Documents. As such, the principal balance of $10.5 million became due immediately and the Borrower was to bear interest, at a rate per annum equal to 2.0% plus the rate per annum otherwise applicable to such obligations set forth in the Master Agreement. Also, as the Company ~~will be~~was not able to ~~modify~~obtain a waiver, the ~~repayment schedule~~outstanding deferred financing costs were written off. As of December 31, 2022, the Borrower had incurred accrued interest and penalty of approximately $274 thousand. On February 23, 2023, NYDIG proceeded to foreclose on all of the collateral securing the MEFA, and repossessed the collateralized assets that totaled approximately $3.4 million, in which offset the outstanding loan balance. Additionally, NYDIG has stated its intention to pursue SCI, the parent company of Guarantor, under a piercing of the corporate veil claim relating to Defendants’ debts and liabilities under the loan documents. SCI denies any such liability and has filed a complaint for a declaratory judgment against NYDIG ~~facility for future payments.~~in the Eighth Judicial District Court in Clark County, Nevada on March 16, 2023 seeking a declaratory judgment as to such matter.

On September 15, 2021, the Company entered into a $1.0 million unsecured line of credit with KeyBank National Association (“KeyBank”), that will, among other things, allow the Company to request loans and to use the proceeds of such loans for working capital and other general corporate purposes (the “KeyBank facility”). The line of credit bears interest at a rate of Prime + ~~0.75~~0.75%% per annum (~~6.25~~8.5%% interest rate as of ~~September 30, 2022)~~March 31, 2023). Accrued interest is due monthly and principal is due in full following KeyBank’s demand. As of ~~December 31, 2021,~~January 1, 2022, the entire line of credit of $1.0 million was drawn and outstanding. As of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, $~~350~~865 thousand of the original $1.0 million outstanding balance has been paid down; therefore $~~650~~135 thousand of the amount drawn under the line of credit remained outstanding. The Company has been repaying weekly $25 ~~thousand of~~ principal on the KeyBank facility ~~each week~~ since the beginning of September 2022. As of the date of this report, the Company has paid down the remaining $135 thousand that was outstanding. The Company does not plan to draw down on the line of credit in the foreseeable future. In addition, future drawdowns may require pre-approval by KeyBank.

The Company has two series of preferred stock outstanding: the Series A Preferred Stock, with a $25.00 liquidation preference; and the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $~~0.001~~0.0001 per share, with a stated value equal to $100.00 (the “Series B Preferred Stock”). As of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, there were 3,061,245 ~~and~~ ~~1,252,299~~ shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued and outstanding, respectively, and as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021~~2022 there was 62,500 ~~and~~ 0 shares of Series B Preferred Stock issued and outstanding, respectively.

On July 19, 2022, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Series B SPA”) with an accredited investor (the “Series B Investor”) pursuant to which the Company sold to the Series B Investor 62,500 shares of Series B Preferred Stock, for a purchase price of $5,000,000. The shares of Series B Preferred Stock are initially convertible, subject to certain conditions, into 1,155,268 shares of common stock, at a price per share of $5.41 per share, a 20% premium to the closing price of the common stock on July 18, 2022, subject to adjustment as set forth in the Certificate of Designations of Preferences, Rights and Limitations for the Series B Preferred Stock (“Series B Certificate of Designations”)..

In addition, on July 19, 2022, the Company issued to the Series B Investor common stock purchase warrants (the “Series B Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,000,000 shares of common stock at an initial exercise price of $10.00 per share. The Series B Investor is entitled to exercise the Series B Warrants at any time on or after the date that is 180 days following the issue date and on or prior to January 19, 2028. On the closing date of the next public offering of the common stock or other securities, the exercise price of the Series B Warrants ~~adjusts~~is to adjust to a price equal to the lower of (a) the exercise price then in effect, or (b) the price of the warrants issued in the Company’s next public offering, or if no warrants are issued in the Company’s next public offering, ~~110~~%110% of the price per share of the common stock issued in the Company’s next public offering. In addition, upon the Series B Closing, the Series B Investor delivered to the Company for cancellation an outstanding warrant to acquire 1,000,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share previously issued on April 13, 2022, in connection with the Notes.

The Company has one class of common stock, par value $0.001 per share. Each share of the Company’s common stock is entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to stockholders. As of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, there were ~~15,395,068~~25,414,646 and ~~13,754,206~~18,694,206 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, respectively.

Pursuant to the Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of 9.0% Series A Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock of the Company, dividends, when, as and if declared by the Board (or a duly authorized committee of the Board), will be payable monthly in arrears on the final day of each month, beginning August 31, 2021. During the ~~three and nine months~~year ended ~~September 30,~~December 31, 2022, the Board declared and paid the Company aggregate dividends on the shares of Series A Preferred Stock of approximately $~~1.7~~ ~~million and $~~3.9 million, respectively. The Board of Directors had not declared any Series A Preferred Stock dividends beginning October 2022 through the date of this report, as such the Company has accumulated approximately $1.7 million of dividends in arrears on the Series A Preferred Stock through December 31, 2022. An additional $1.7 million of dividends in arrears on the Series A Preferred Stock has been accumulated for a total of approximately $3.4 million in dividend in arrears.

The Company’s Series B Preferred Stock includes a 1010%% accruing dividend compounded daily for 12 months from the original issue date of July 20, 2022 that may be paid in cash or stock at the Company’s option at the earlier of (i) the date the Series B Preferred Stock is converted, or (ii) the Series B Dividend Termination Date. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company has accrued $367

thousand and $236 thousand for dividend payable for the Series B preferred stock.

The Company had reserved ~~shares of~~ common ~~stock~~shares for future issuance as follows as of ~~September 30, 2022:~~March 31, 2023:

The Company also notes that as of March 31, 2023, there are 1,100,839 Series A preferred stock available for future equity awards under the 2021 Plan.

The Company computes basic income (loss) ~~income~~ per common share by dividing net income (loss) ~~income~~ by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted income (loss) ~~income~~ per share reflects the potential dilution, if any, computed by dividing income (loss) ~~income~~ by the combination of dilutive common ~~stock~~share equivalents, comprised of shares issuable under outstanding investment rights, warrants and the Company’s ~~stock-based~~share-based compensation plans, and the weighted average number of ~~shares of~~ common ~~stock~~shares outstanding during the reporting period. Dilutive common ~~stock~~share equivalents include the dilutive effect of in-the-money stock options, which are calculated based on the average share price for each period using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, the exercise price of a stock option and the amount of compensation cost, if any, for future service that the Company has not yet recognized are assumed to be used to repurchase shares in the current period.

The Company notes as continuing operations ~~were~~was in a Net loss ~~position~~ for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and 2022, ~~and 2021,~~ as such basic and diluted ~~Earnings-per-share (“EPS”)~~EPS is the same ~~amount~~balance as continuing operations acts as the control amount in which would cause antidilution. Not included in the computation of earnings per share, assuming dilution, for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, were options to purchase ~~up to~~ ~~812,325~~1,309,789 shares of the Company’s common stock, ~~832,291~~1,007,992 nonvested restricted stock units, and 12,867,338outstanding warrants ~~to purchase up to~~ ~~7,582,788~~ ~~shares of common stock, and shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of a portion of the October Secured Notes pursuant to the Addendum, as discussed in Note 8.~~not exercised. These potentially dilutive items were excluded because the calculation of incremental shares resulted in an anti-dilutive effect.

Not included in the computation of earnings per share, assuming dilution, for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, were options to purchase ~~993,550~~990,800 shares ~~of common stock and~~ ~~15,000~~ ~~restricted stock units~~ of the Company’s common stock, ~~as well as~~555,847 nonvested restricted stock units, 2,692,355 outstanding warrants ~~to purchase up to~~not exercised, and ~~833,628~~1,479,908 shares of ~~common stock~~convertible notes outstanding. These potentially dilutive items were excluded because the ~~Company incurred a loss during the period and their inclusion would be anti-dilutive.~~calculation of incremental shares resulted in an anti-dilutive effect.

~~On September 13, 2022, the Company entered into a placement agent agreement with Univest Securities LLC (“Univest”) in which all of the~~ ~~486,309~~ ~~outstanding warrants held with Univest which were earned through previous equity offerings would be revised to a new exercise price value of $4.33~~ ~~per warrant.~~

The Company determines whether an arrangement is a lease at inception. The Company and ~~our~~its subsidiaries have operating leases for certain manufacturing, laboratory, office facilities and certain equipment. The leases have remaining lease terms ~~of less than~~ one year to less than ~~five~~ten years. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. As of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company ~~had~~has no assets recorded under finance leases.

Lease expense for these leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022 and 2021,~~March 31, total lease costs are comprised of the following:

~~Schedule~~Summary of Lease Expense Recognized on Straight-line Basis Over Lease Term

	2022		2021		2022		2021		2023		2022
(Dollars in thousands)	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,				Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
									2023		2022
Operating lease cost	$	51	$	45	$	151	$	121	$	56	$	50
Short-term lease cost		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total net lease cost	$	51	$	45	$	151	$	121	$	56	$	50

Short-term leases are leases having a term of twelve months or less. The Company recognizes short-term leases on a straight-line basis and does not record a related lease asset or liability for such leases.

(Dollars in thousands, except lease term and discount rate)					Three Months Ended March 31, 2023			Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	1		2
(Dollars in thousands)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (in years):
Operating leases						4.43			2.14

Weighted Average Discount Rate:
Operating leases						7.91	%		3.83	%

Supplemental Cash Flows Information:
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	148	$	111	$	54		$	49

Non-Cash Activity Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases	$	20	$	—	$	397		$	—

Maturities of noncancellable operating lease liabilities are as follows for the ~~nine months~~quarter ending ~~September 30:~~March 31:

(Dollars in thousands)
	2022			2023
2022 (remainder of year)	$	53
2023		167
2023 (remainder of year)				$	181
2024		85			242
2025					79
2026					29
2027					29
Thereafter					145
Total lease payments		305			705
Less: imputed interest		(10	)		(121	)
Total lease obligations		295			584
Less: current obligations		(186	)		205
Long-term lease obligations	$	109		$	379

As of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, there were no additional operating lease commitments that had not yet commenced.

The Company has a potential contingency associated with an agreement with Spring Lane of up to $250 thousand which would be reduced by a proportion of funding received from Spring Lane up to the $35.0 million aggregate contribution cap. The Company considers the probability of a payment for the contingency to be remote.

We are subject to legal proceedings, claims and liabilities which arise in the ordinary course of business. When applicable, we accrue for losses associated with legal claims when such losses are probable and can be reasonably estimated. These accruals are adjusted as additional information becomes available or circumstances change. Legal fees are charged to expense as they are incurred.

The Company has been named as a party in the December 19, 2019 United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) Demand Letter regarding the Malta Rocket Fuel Area Superfund Site (“Site”) located in Malta and Stillwater, New York in connection with an alleged release of hazardous materials into the environment. The EPA is seeking reimbursement of response costs from all named parties in the amount of approximately $358 thousand plus interest in connection with the investigation and disposal activities associated with the various drum caches discovered at the Site, issuance of the Explanation of Significant Differences (“ESD”) of the Site, and implementation of the work contemplated by the ESD. The Company considers the likelihood of a material adverse outcome to be remote and does not currently anticipate that any expense or liability it may incur as a result of these matters in the future will be material to the Company’s financial condition.

NYDIG filed a complaint against a subsidiary of Company, Soluna MC Borrowing 2021-1, LLC (“Borrower”) and Soluna MC, LLC, as Guarantor (“Guarantor”), and together with Borrower, (“Defendants”) in Marshall Circuit Court of the Commonwealth of Kentucky on December 29, 2022 regarding a series of loans made by NYDIG to Borrower pursuant to a master equipment finance agreement that were secured by certain assets of Borrower and guaranteed by Guarantor pursuant to a written guaranty agreement executed by Guarantor. The Court issued on February 15, 2023 an agreed order granting NYDIG’s motion for writ of possession which, among other things, ordered parties to provide NYDIG access to the collateral described therein and preserved the rights of NYDIG to pursue a deficiency judgment against the Defendants. Also on February 15, 2023, the Defendants filed their answer and affirmative defenses in this proceeding. The Defendants believe that NYDIG has liquidated some of the collateral securing the loans and anticipate that NYDIG will complete the liquidation of collateral and continue to prosecute the complaint to obtain a judgment against the Defendants. Additionally, NDYIG has stated its intention to pursue SCI, the parent company of Guarantor, under a piercing of the corporate veil claim relating to Defendants’ debts and liabilities under the loan documents. SCI denies any such liability and has filed a complaint for a declaratory judgment against NYDIG in the Eighth Judicial District Court in Clark County, Nevada on March 16, 2023 seeking a declaratory judgment as to such matter

On December 18, 2013, MeOH Power, Inc. and the Company executed a Senior Demand Promissory Note (the ~~“Note”)~~Note) in the amount of $380 thousand to secure the intercompany amounts due to the Company from MeOH Power, Inc. upon the deconsolidation of MeOH Power, Inc. Interest accrues on the Note at the Prime Rate in effect on the first business day of the month, as published in the Wall Street Journal. At the Company’s option, all or part of the principal and interest due on this Note may be converted to shares of common stock of MeOH Power, Inc. at a rate of $0.07 per share. Interest began accruing on January 1, 2014. The Company recorded a full allowance against the Note. As of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, $~~337~~346 thousand and $~~329~~342 thousand, respectively, of principal and interest are available to convert into shares of common stock of MeOH Power, Inc. Any adjustments to the allowance are recorded as miscellaneous expense during the period incurred.

During the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company incurred $1 thousand and $31 thousand, respectively, to Couch White, LLP for legal services associated with contract review. ~~During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company incurred $~~3 ~~thousand and $~~18 ~~thousand, respectively.~~ A partner at Couch White, LLP is an immediate family member of one ~~the Directors on~~of our ~~Board.~~Directors.

Certain employees have a receivable due to the Company based on their stock-based awards, in which $120 thousand and $120 was outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The balance is currently presented as $30 thousand and $26 thousand within Prepaid and other assets as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and $90 thousand and $94 thousand, respectively within Other long-term assets on the condensed financial statements.

On January 8, 2020, the Company formed SCI as a wholly-owned subsidiary to pursue a new business line focused on cryptocurrency and the blockchain ecosystem. In connection with this new business line, SCI established a facility to mine cryptocurrencies and integrate with the blockchain network. Pursuant to an Operating and Management Agreement dated January 13, 2020, by and between SCI and HEL, HEL assisted the Company, and later SCI, in developing, and is now operating, the cryptocurrency mining facility. The Operating and Management Agreement requires, among other things, that HEL provide project sourcing services to SCI, including acquisition negotiations and establishing an operating model, investments/financing timeline, and a project development path, as well as developmental and operational services, as directed by SCI, with respect to the applicable cryptocurrency mining facility in exchange for SCI’s payment to HEL of a one-time management fee ranging from $~~65,000~~ ~~to $350,000~~ and profit-based success payments in the event that SCI achieves explicit profitability thresholds. These agreements also provided that once aggregate earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization of the applicable mine exceeded the total amount of funding provided by SCI to HEL (whether pursuant to the applicable agreement or otherwise) for the purposes of creating, developing, assembling, and constructing the mine, HEL was entitled to ongoing success payments of 20.0% of the earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization of the mine. $~~237~~ ~~thousand of payments were made for fiscal year 2021, as certain thresholds pursuant to the Operating and Management Agreement were achieved.~~

Pursuant to the Operating and Management Agreement, during the developmental phase of the cryptocurrency mining facility, which ended on March 14, 2020, HEL gathered and analyzed information with respect to SCI’s cryptocurrency mining efforts and produced budgets, financial models, and technical and operational plans, including a detailed business plan, that it delivered to SCI in March 2020 (the “Deliverables”), all of which was designed to assist with the efficient implementation of a cryptocurrency mine. The agreement provided that, following SCI’s acceptance of the Deliverables, which occurred on March 23, 2020, HEL, on behalf of SCI, would commence operations of the cryptocurrency mine in a manner that would allow SCI to mine and sell cryptocurrency. In that regard, on May 21, 2020, SCI acquired the intellectual property of GigaWatt, Inc. (“GigaWatt”) and certain other property and rights of GigaWatt associated with GigaWatt’s operation of a crypto-mining operation located in Washington State. The acquired assets formed the beginning of SCI’s cryptocurrency mining operation. SCI sells all cryptocurrency it mines for U.S. dollars and is not in the business of accumulating cryptocurrency on the Company’s balance sheet for speculative gains. On October 22, 2020, SCI loaned HEL $~~112~~ ~~thousand to acquire additional assets from the bankruptcy trustee for GigaWatt’s assets. On the same day, HEL transferred title of the assets to SCI, which under the terms thereof paid off the note.~~

On November 19, 2020, SCI and HEL entered into a second Operating and Management Agreement related to a potential location for a cryptocurrency mine in the southeast United States. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, which are consistent with the first Operating and Management Agreement noted above, HEL was entitled to ongoing success payments of 20.0% of the earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization of the mine. SCI paid HEL $~~221~~ ~~thousand for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 related to the one-time fees.~~

On December 1, 2020, SCI and HEL entered into a third Operating and Management Agreement with respect to a potential location for a cryptocurrency mine in the Southwestern United States. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, which are consistent with the first Operating and Management agreement noted above, HEL is entitled to ongoing success payments of ~~20.0~~% of the earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization of the mine. SCI did not make any payments in 2021 as this target location did not meet the business requirements to continue pursuing the potential acquisition, and as a result SCI did not make any further payments to HEL under this agreement.

On February 8, 2021, SCI and HEL entered into a fourth Operating and Management Agreement related to a potential location for a cryptocurrency mine in the Southeast United States. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, which are consistent with the first Operating and Management agreement noted above, HEL is entitled to ongoing success payments of 20.0% of the earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization of the mine. SCI paid HEL $~~544~~ ~~thousand for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 in relation to the one-time fees.~~

~~For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, the Company paid $245~~ ~~thousand in expense reimbursements and other related fees in addition to the Operating and Management payments.~~

Each Operating and Management Agreement, all of which were terminated effective November 5, 2021, pursuant to the Termination Agreement, among other things, required that HEL provide project sourcing services to SCI, including acquisition negotiations and establishing an operating model, investments/financing timeline, and project development path. The Company made one final payment to HEL in the first quarter of 2022 of $50 ~~thousand to settle all final Operating and Management Agreements.~~

Simultaneously with entering into the initial Operating and Management Agreement with HEL, the Company, pursuant to a purchase agreement it entered into with HEL, made a strategic investment in HEL by purchasing ~~158,730~~ ~~Class A Preferred Shares of HEL for an aggregate purchase price of $500~~ ~~thousand on January 13, 2020. After acceptance of the Deliverables, as required by the terms of the purchase agreement, on March 23, 2020, the Company purchased an additional~~ ~~79,365~~ ~~Class A Preferred Shares of HEL for an aggregate purchase price of $250~~ thousand. The Company also has the right, but not the obligation, to purchase additional equity securities of HEL and its subsidiaries (including additional Class A Preferred Shares of HEL) if HEL secures certain levels or types of project financing with respect to its own wind power generation facilities. Each preferred share may be converted at any time and without payment of additional consideration, into Common shares. The Company additionally entered into a Side Letter Agreement, dated January 13, 2020, with ~~HEL Technologies Investment I, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that owns, on a fully diluted basis, 57.9%~~ of HEL and is controlled by a Brookstone Partners-affiliated director of the Company. The Side Letter Agreement provides for the transfer to the Company, without the payment of any consideration by the Company, of additional Class A Preferred Shares of HEL in the event HEL issues additional equity below agreed-upon valuation thresholds.

As discussed above, on October 29, 2021, wethe Company completed the Soluna Callisto acquisition pursuant to the Merger Agreement. The purpose of the transaction was for SCI to acquire substantially all of the assets (other than those assets physically located in Morocco) formerly held by HEL, which assets consisted of SCI’s existing pipeline of certain cryptocurrency mining projects that HEL previously transferred to SCI, which was formed expressly for this purpose, and to provide SCI with the opportunity to directly employ or retain the services of four individuals whose services it had retained through HEL prior to the merger. As a result of the merger, each share of common stock of Soluna Callisto issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the merger, other than shares owned by the Company or any of our subsidiaries, was cancelled and converted into the right to receive a proportionate share of the Merger Consideration.

In connection with the Soluna Callisto acquisition, effective as of October 29, 2021, upon and subject to the terms and conditions of the Termination Agreement, on November 5, 2021: (1) the existing Operating and Management Agreements between HEL and SCI were terminated in all respects; and (2)(A) SCI paid HEL $725,000, (B) SHI issued to HEL the Termination Shares, and (C) HEL and SHI entered into an Amended and Restated Contingent Rights Agreement that, among other things, amended the existing Contingent Rights Agreement by and between HEL and SHI, dated January 13, 2020, to provide SHI the right to invest directly in certain cryptocurrency mining opportunities being pursued by HEL. SHI filed a registration statement with the SEC to register the resale of the Termination Shares on February 14, 2022.

Please see Note 5 for additional information regarding the Soluna Callisto acquisition and related transactions.

Several of HEL’s equity holders are affiliated with Brookstone Partners, the investment firm that holds an equity interest in the Company through Brookstone Partners Acquisition XXIV, LLC. The Company’s two Brookstone-affiliated directors also serve as directors and, in one case, as an officer, of HEL and also have ownership interest in HEL. In light of these relationships, the various transactions by and between the Company and SCI, on the one hand, and HEL, on the other hand, were negotiated on behalf of the Company and SCI via an independent investment committee of the Board and separate legal representation. The transactions were subsequently unanimously approved by both the independent investment committee and the full Board.

Michael Toporek, the former Chief Executive Officer, and ~~a director~~current Executive Director of the Company, owns (i) 90% of the equity of Soluna Technologies Investment I, LLC, which owns 57.9% of HEL and (ii) 100% of the equity of MJT Park Investors, Inc., which owns 3.1% of HEL, in each case, on a ~~fully-diluted~~fully diluted basis. Mr. Toporek does not own directly, or indirectly, any equity interest in Tera Joule, LLC, which owns 9.2% of HEL; however, as a result of his 100% ownership of Brookstone IAC, Inc., which is the manager of Tera Joule, LLC, he has dispositive power over the equity interests that Tera Joule owns in ~~HEL~~HEL..

In addition, one of the Company’s directors, Matthew E. Lipman, serves as a director and currently acting as President of HEL. Mr. Lipman does not directly own any equity interest in Tera Joule, LLC, which owns 9.2% of HEL; however, as a result of his position as a director and officer of Brookstone IAC, Inc., which is the manager of Tera Joule, LLC, he has dispositive power over the equity interests that Tera Joule owns in HEL. As a result, the approximate dollar value of the amount of Mr. Toporek’s and Mr. Lipman’s interest in the Company’s transactions with HEL for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 was $0 and $0..

John Belizaire and John Bottomley, who were elected to the Board upon the effective time of SCI’s acquisition of Soluna Callisto, serve as directors of HEL. In addition, Mr. Belizaire is the beneficial owner of 1,317,567 shares of common stock of HEL and 102,380 Class Seed Preferred shares, which are convertible into 86,763 shares of common stock of HEL. These interests give Mr. Belizaire an ownership of 10.54% in HEL. Mr. Belizaire also owns an interest in HEL indirectly through his 5.0139% interest of Tera Joule, LLC’s 965,945 Class Seed Preferred shares, which are convertible into 818,596 shares of common stock of HEL. Mr. Bottomley is the beneficial owner of 96,189, or approximately 0.72%, of the outstanding shares of common stock of ~~HEL~~HEL..

~~Finally, William P. Phelan, Chairman of the Board, served as an observer on HEL’s board of directors on behalf of the Company through March 2021.~~

The Company’s investment in HEL was initially carried at the cost of investment and was $750 thousand. Based on evaluation of projections for the Company’s investment in HEL, the Company fully impaired the equity investment of $750 thousand as of ~~September 30, 2022.~~December 31, 2022, writing it down to $0.

The Company owned approximately ~~1.79~~1.79%% of HEL, calculated on a converted ~~fully-diluted~~fully diluted basis, as of ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Company may enter into additional transactions with HEL in the future.

The 2023 Plan was adopted by the Board on February 10, 2023 and approved by the stockholders on March 10, 2023. The 2023 Plan sets the number of shares of our Common Stock reserved for issuance thereunder, on a quarterly basis, to 9.75% of the shares of our Common Stock outstanding on the measurement date. Subject to certain adjustments as provided in the 2023 Plan, the maximum aggregate number of shares of our Common Stock that may be issued under the 2023 Plan (excluding the number of shares of our Common Stock subject to Specified Awards (as defined below)) (i) pursuant to the exercise of stock options, (ii) as unrestricted or restricted Common Stock, and (iii) in settlement of RSUs shall be limited to, beginning with the first quarter of our fiscal year ending December 31, 2023 (or January 1, 2023), 9.75% of the number of shares of our Common Stock outstanding as of the first trading day of each quarter. Subject to certain adjustments as provided in the 2023 Plan, (i) shares of our Common Stock subject to the 2023 Plan shall include shares of our Common Stock which revert back to the 2023 Plan in a prior quarter pursuant to the paragraph below, and (ii) the number of shares of our Common Stock that may be issued under the 2023 Plan may never be less than the number of shares of our Common that are then outstanding under (or available to settle existing) 2023 Plan Award grants.

The Company’s 2021 ~~Stock Incentive~~ Plan was ~~initially~~ adopted by the Board on February 12, 2021 and approved by the stockholders on March 25, 2021. The 2021 Plan was amended and restated effective as of October 29, 2021, and ~~as of~~ May 27, 2022, ~~(as amended and restated, the “2021 Plan”).~~respectively. The 2021 Plan authorizes the Company to issue shares of common stock upon the exercise of stock options, the grant of restricted stock awards, and the conversion of restricted stock units (collectively, the “Awards”). The Compensation Committee has full authority, subject to the terms of the 2021 Plan, to interpret the 2021 Plan and establish rules and regulations for the proper administration of the 2021 Plan. Subject to certain adjustments as provided in the 2021 Plan, the maximum aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock that may be issued under the 2021 Plan (i) pursuant to the exercise of ~~stock~~ options, (ii) as ~~unrestricted~~shares or restricted stock and (iii) in settlement of ~~restricted stock units~~RSUs shall be limited to (A) during the Company’s fiscal year ending December 31, 2021 (the “2021 Fiscal Year”), 1,460,191 ~~shares of common stock, which is equal to 15% of the number of shares of common stock outstanding on January 1, 2021,~~Shares, (B) for the period from January 1, 2022 to June 30, 2022, fifteen percent (15%) of the number of ~~shares of common stock~~Shares outstanding ~~as of~~on January 3, 2022, which was the first trading day of 2022, and (C) beginning with the third quarter of the Company’s fiscal year ending December 31, 2022 ~~(or July 1, 2022)~~(the “2022 Fiscal Year”), ~~15%~~fifteen percent (15%) of the number of ~~shares of common stock~~Shares outstanding as of the first trading day of each ~~quarter.~~quarter, net of any Shares awarded in the previous quarter(s). Subject to certain adjustments as provided in the 2021 Plan, (i) shares ~~of common stock~~ subject to the 2021 Plan shall include shares ~~of common stock which~~ reverted back to the Company pursuant the 2021 Plan ~~pursuant to the paragraph below~~ in a prior ~~quarter~~year or ~~fiscal year,~~quarter, as applicable, as provided herein and (ii) the number of shares ~~of common stock~~ that may be issued under the 2021 Plan may never be less than the number of shares ~~of common stock~~ that are then outstanding under (or available to settle existing) ~~Award grants.~~

Awards. For purposes of determining the number of shares available under the 2021 Plan, shares withheld by the Company to satisfy applicable tax withholding or exercise price obligations pursuant to the 2021 Plan shall be deemed issued under this Plan. In the event that, prior to the date on which the 2021 Plan shall terminate, any Award granted under the 2021 Plan expires unexercised or unvested or is terminated, surrendered, or cancelled without the delivery of shares of common stock, or any Awards are forfeited back to the Company, then the shares of common stock subject to such Award may be made available for subsequent Awards under the terms of the 2021 Plan.

On March 10, 2023, at the Special Shareholder Meeting, the Third Amended and Restated 2021 Stock Incentive Plan was approved. The Third Amended and Restated 2021 Plan will, among other things, (a) increase the number of shares of our Common Stock reserved for issuance thereunder, on a quarterly basis, to 18.75% of the shares of our Common Stock outstanding on the measurement date and (b) allow us to grant awards of shares of our 9.0% Series A Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock (“Series A Preferred Stock”) (with and without restrictions). Subject to certain adjustments as provided in the Third Amended and Restated 2021 Plan, the maximum aggregate number of shares of our Common Stock that may be issued under the Third Amended and Restated 2021 Plan (excluding the number of shares of our Common Stock subject to Specified Awards (as defined below)) (i) pursuant to the exercise of stock options, (ii) as unrestricted or restricted Common Stock, and (iii) in settlement of RSUs shall be limited to, beginning with the first quarter of our fiscal year ending December 31, 2023 (or January 1, 2023), 18.75% of the number of shares of our Common Stock outstanding as of the first trading day of each quarter. Subject to certain adjustments as provided in the Third Amended and Restated 2021 Plan, the maximum aggregate number of shares of our Series A Preferred Stock that may be issued under the Third Amended and Restated 2021 Plan as unrestricted or restricted Series A Preferred Stock shall equal $3,600,000 valued as of the effective date of the Third Amended and Restated 2021 Plan as determined at the lower of the closing price of our Series A Preferred Stock on Nasdaq on such date or the average of the daily volume weighted average price of our Series A Preferred Stock on Nasdaq as reported by Bloomberg L.P. for a period of five (5) consecutive trading days ending on such date. Subject to certain adjustments as provided in the Third Amended and Restated 2021 Plan, (i) shares of our Common Stock and Series A Preferred Stock, as applicable, subject to the Third Amended and Restated 2021 Plan shall include shares of our Common Stock and Series A Preferred Stock, as applicable, which revert back to the Third Amended and Restated 2021 Plan in a prior quarter or fiscal year, as applicable, pursuant to the paragraph below, and (ii) the number of shares of our Common Stock and Series A Preferred Stock, as applicable, that may be issued under the Third Amended and Restated 2021 Plan may never be less than the number of shares of our Common Stock and Series A Preferred Stock, as applicable, that are then outstanding under (or available to settle existing) 2021 Plan Award grants. For purposes of the Third Amended and Restated 2021 Plan, “Specified Awards” means (i) 2021 Plan Awards issued to Eligible Persons who are not employed or engaged by us or any of our subsidiaries as of the last day of any fiscal quarter, commencing with the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2023, and (ii) 2021 Plan Awards that have a grant date at least three (3) years prior to the last day of any fiscal quarter, commencing with the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2023. The exclusion of Specified Awards from the determination of the maximum aggregate number of shares of our Common Stock available for issuance under the Third Amended and Restated 2021 Plan could have material effect on the number of shares of our Common Stock available for issuance thereunder and could have a material dilutive effect on our stockholders.

During the three months ended ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, the Company awarded ~~68,226~~500,000 restricted stock units under the 2021 Plan, valued at $~~1.80~~0.2986 per share based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant. The restricted stock units will vest during May 2023.

During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company awarded 417,924 restricted stock units under the Amended 2021 Plan, valued at $9.25 through $~~4.30~~10.79 per share based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant, with a weighted average fair value of $~~3.26~~10.38 ~~per share.~~. ~~68,226~~306,500 shares of ~~common stock~~Common Stock subject vest as follows: 37% vests 12 months from the date of the grant, 33% vests 24 months from the date of the grant, and 30% vests 36 months from the date of the grant, in each case subject to the reporting person remaining in the service of the issuer on each such vesting date.64,494 shares of Common Stock subject to vest as follows: 25% of such restricted stock units shall vest onafter six months of the ~~first anniversary,~~award, and the remaining shares shall vest ratably over the succeeding 36-month period, with (1/36) of such vesting on the last day of each such calendar month.

~~During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company awarded~~ ~~548,433~~ ~~restricted stock units under the 2021 Plan, valued at $1.80~~ ~~through $10.85~~ ~~per share based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant, with a weighted average fair value of $9.19~~ ~~per share.~~ ~~306,500~~46,930 shares of ~~common stock shall vest as follows:~~ 37% vesting 12 months from the date of the grant, 33% vesting 24 months from the date of the grant, and 30% vesting 36 months from the date of the grant, in each case subject to the reporting person remaining in the service of the Company on each such vesting date. ~~195,003~~ shares of common stock shall vest as follows: 25% of such restricted stock units shall vest on the first anniversary, and the remaining shares shall vest ratably over the succeeding 36-month period, with (1/36) of such vesting on the last day of each such calendar month. ~~46,498~~ ~~shares of common stock~~Common Stock are performance-based awards that will vest in the following year in January ~~2023~~ based on approval of the Board of Directors based on achievement of key performance ~~objectives~~objectives.~~. The remaining~~ ~~432~~ shares of common stock are performance-based awards that were granted and vested during January 2022 as approved by the Board based on the achievement of key performance objectives during the prior year.

During the three months ended September 30, 2021, the Company did not grant any options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock under the 2021 Plan or award restricted common stock or restricted stock units under the 2021 Plan.

~~During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company granted options to purchase~~ ~~716,200~~ ~~shares of the Company’s common stock under the 2021 Plan, of which~~ ~~186,200~~ ~~shares immediately vested with an exercise price of $7.52~~ ~~per share, based on the closing price plus 10% of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant. The remaining~~ ~~530,000~~ ~~shares will vest in equal installments of 33 1/3% on each of the three anniversaries of the date of the grant. The weighted exercise price of these options is $7.08~~ per share and was based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the dates of grant. Using a Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model, the weighted average fair value of these options was $~~5.04~~ ~~per share and was estimated at the date of grant.~~

~~During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company awarded~~ ~~47,500~~ ~~shares of restricted common stock under the 2021 Plan, valued at $11.10~~ per share based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the award. The shares will be restricted for one year, with the entire award vesting on the first anniversary of the award date.

~~During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company awarded~~ ~~15,000~~ ~~restricted stock units under the 2021 Plan, valued at $11.10~~ per share based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant. 33 1/3% of such restricted stock units will vest on each of the first three anniversaries of the date of the grant.

Changes to U.S. GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) in the form of accounting standard updates (“ASUs”) to the FASB’s Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”). The Company considered the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not mentioned below were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or are expected to have minimal impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 (Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326)) and its subsequent amendments to the initial guidance within ASU 2018-19, ASU 2019-04, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-10, ASU 2019-11 and ASU 2020-02, respectively (collectively, Topic 326). Topic 326 changes how entities will measure credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not accounted for at fair value through net income. This standard replaces the existing incurred credit loss model and establishes a single credit loss framework based on a current expected credit loss model for financial assets carried at amortized cost, including loans and held-to- maturity debt securities. The current expected loss model requires an entity to estimate credit losses expected over the life of the credit exposure upon initial recognition of that exposure when the financial asset is originated or acquired, which will generally result in earlier recognition of credit losses. This standard also requires expanded credit quality disclosures. For available-for-sale debt securities, entities will be required to record allowances rather than reduce the carrying amount, as they do today under the other-than-temporary impairment model. This standard also simplifies the accounting model for purchased credit-impaired debt securities and loans. This standard will affect loans, debt securities, trade receivables, net investments in leases, off balance sheet credit exposures, reinsurance receivables, and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope that have the contractual right to receive cash. ASU 2018-19 clarifies that receivables arising from operating leases are accounted for using lease guidance and not as financial instruments. ASU 2019-04 clarifies that equity instruments without readily determinable fair values for which an entity has elected the measurement alternative should be remeasured to fair value as of the date that an observable transaction occurred. ASU 2019-05 provides an option to irrevocably elect to measure certain individual financial assets at fair value instead of amortized cost. This standard should be applied on either a prospective transition or modified-retrospective approach depending on the subtopic. This standard will be effective for the Company for annual and interim reporting periods beginning on or after December 15, 2022, and while early adoption is permitted, the Company does not expect to elect that option. ~~The Company is currently evaluating the impact~~This standard has been adopted as of ~~the adoption of this standard on its consolidated financial statements, including assessing and evaluating assumptions and models to estimate losses. Upon adoption of this standard on~~ January 1, 2023, and did not have any impact for the Company’s operations. The Company will ~~be required~~continue to evaluate if any changes occur subsequently in fiscal year 2023 and properly record ~~a cumulative effect adjustment~~and disclose in relation to retained earnings for the impact as of the date of adoption. The impact will depend on the Company’s portfolio composition and credit quality at the date of adoption, as well as forecasts at that time. We do not expect material changes to the consolidated financial statements upon adoption of this standard.Topic 326.

There have been no other significant changes in the Company’s reported financial position or results of operations and cash flows as a result of ~~our~~its adoption of new accounting pronouncements or changes to ~~our~~its significant accounting policies that were disclosed in its condensed consolidated financial statements for the ~~fiscal year~~three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2021 (the “2021 Fiscal Year”).~~2023.

As described in Note 1, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Purchaser, pursuant to which the Company sold on April 11, 2022 all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of its wholly-owned subsidiary, MTI Instruments for approximately $9.0 million in cash, net of transaction costs. ~~As of September 30,~~For fiscal year 2022 and 2023, our Instrumentation business segment was classified as discontinued operations in our financial statements for all periods presented. The Company incurred approximately a $217.5 ~~thousand loss~~million pretax gain on ~~the~~ sale of MTI Instruments for the ~~three months~~year ended ~~September 30,~~December 31, 2022, ~~due to a net working capital adjustment. Our~~in which they did not receive until the second quarter of fiscal year 2022. The Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets and condensed consolidated statements of operations report discontinued operations separate from continuing operations. ~~Our~~The Company’s condensed consolidated statements of equity and statements of cash flows combine continuing and ~~discontinuing~~discontinued operations.

~~The following table summarizes information about assets and liabilities from discontinued operations held for sale as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021:~~

As described in Note 1, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Purchaser, pursuant to which the Company sold on April 11, 2022 all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of our wholly-owned subsidiary, MTI Instruments for an all-cash purchase price of $10.75 million, subject to working capital and certain other adjustments as set forth in the Stock Purchase Agreement. The purchase price did not include specified debt of MTI Instruments, which is the responsibility of the Company. This debt was transferred to the Purchaser at the date of Sale and is included in the closing balance sheet as shown below, which resulted in a reduction in the consideration payable to the Company.

	As of April 11,			As of April 11,
	2022			2022
Consideration received	$	10,750		$	10,750
Plus: closing cash		1			1
Less: transaction costs		(998	)		(908	)
Less: closing indebtedness		(483	)		(483	)
Plus: new working capital adjustments		(61	)		19
Adjusted consideration received		9,209			9,379

Cash		1			1
Accounts receivable, net		1,119			1,119
Inventories		888			888
Prepaid expense and other current assets		42			42
Operating lease right-of-use assets		579			579
Deferred tax assets		171			171
Property, plant and equipment, net		76			76
Total assets		2,876			2,876

Accounts payable		122			122
Accrued liabilities		547			547
Operating lease liability		579			579
Total liabilities		1,248			1,248

Net assets transferred		1,628			1,628

Gain on sale	$	7,581		$	7,751

As previously disclosed in Footnotes 4 and 8, on December 20, 2022, Soluna MC Borrowing 2021-1 LLC (“Borrower”), an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Soluna Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”), received a Notice of Acceleration and Repossession (the “NYDIG Notice”) from NYDIG ABL LLC (“NYDIG”) with respect to the Master Equipment Finance Agreement, dated as of December 30, 2021 (the “MEFA”), by and between Borrower and NYDIG. The NYDIG Notice states that (a) Borrower failed to observe or perform certain covenants, conditions or agreements contained in the MEFA and such failure continued unremedied for a period of ten days after Borrower’s knowledge of such breach, which resulted in an event of default under the MEFA, and (b) Borrower defaulted under the guaranty, collateral agreement, or other support agreement, which resulted in an event of default under the MEFA. In addition, the NYDIG Notice states that Borrower failed to pay certain payments of principal and interest under the MEFA when due, which failure also constituted an event of default under the MEFA. As a result of the foregoing events of default, and pursuant to the MEFA, NYDIG (x) declared the principal amount of all loans due and owing under the MEFA and all accompanying Loan Documents (as defined in the MEFA) to be due and immediately payable, (y) imposed a default rate of interest on any outstanding principal amount of each loan (together with all then unpaid interest accruing thereon) and all other obligations under the MEFA and the Loan Documents, and (z) demanded the return of all equipment subject to the MEFA and the Loan Documents.

The assets which secure the MEFA represent substantially all of the Company’s mining assets at the site and certain of the operating assets of Project Marie, a 20 MW facility located in Kentucky. The obligations of Borrower under the MEFA and reflected in the NYDIG Notice are ring-fenced to Borrower and its direct parent company, Soluna MC LLC. The Company is not a party to any guaranty, collateral agreement or other support agreement with or for the benefit of NYDIG. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the principal balance of $10.5 million became due immediately and the Borrower was to bear interest, at a rate per annum equal to 2.0% plus the rate per annum otherwise applicable to such obligations set forth in the Master Agreement. As of March 31, 2023, the Company reduced the outstanding debt by the repossessed collateralized assets net book value of $3.4 million, reducing the debt outstanding to $7.1 million as of March 31, 2023. Also, as the Company was not able to obtain a waiver, the outstanding deferred financing costs were written off. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Borrower had incurred accrued interest and penalty of approximately $651 thousand and $274 thousand.

On February 23, 2023, NYDIG proceeded to foreclose on all of the collateral securing the MEFA, which resulted in a reportable disposition of all of the Company’s mining assets at the site and certain of the operating assets of Project Marie. The total net book value of the collateralized assets that were repossessed totaled $3.4 million in which were written off the Company’s books for the three months ended March 31, 2023, with an offset to the outstanding loan. Additionally, NDYIG has stated its intention to pursue SCI, the parent company of Guarantor, under a piercing of the corporate veil claim relating to Defendants’ debts and liabilities under the loan documents. SCI denies any such liability and has filed a complaint for a declaratory judgment against NYDIG in the Eighth Judicial District Court in Clark County, Nevada on March 16, 2023 seeking a declaratory judgment as to such matter. In a related development, also on February 23, 2023, the Borrower received a notice of termination of the Management and Hosting Services Agreement with CC Metals and Alloys, LLC. As a result of this action and certain other characteristics of the facility, the Company elected to shut down the Marie facility. The Company believes it will maximize its profits and return on assets by concentrating its personnel and capital on its Dorothy Facility.

With the notice of termination of the Management and Hosting Services from CCMA, the Company notes that this event triggered the impairment of the remaining fixed assets at the Marie facility for the year ended December 31, 2022. Based on the closure of operations on Project Marie, the Company performed an impairment analysis and determined that approximately $2.4 million of equipment and leasehold approvements associated with Project Marie that were not attached with the repossession of NYDIG collateralized assets were impaired as of the year-ended December 31, 2022. As of March 31, 2023, Project Marie had a remaining net book value of $632 thousand relating to the fixed assets not attached with the NYDIG repossession, in which $557 thousand is held for sale.

For the first quarter of 2023, the Company assessed whether the abandonment of the Project Marie facility qualified for the classification of discontinued operations under ASC 205-20-45-1B and 1C. A disposal of a component of an entity or a group of components of an entity shall be reported in discontinued operations if the disposal represents a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results when any of the following occurs:

a. The component of an entity or group of components of an entity meets the criteria in paragraph 205-20-45-1E to be classified as held for sale.

b. The component of an entity or group of components of an entity is disposed of by sale.

c. The component of an entity or group of components of an entity is disposed of other than by sale in accordance with paragraph 360-10-45-15 (for example, by abandonment or in a distribution to owners in a spinoff).

As such, the Company deemed that criteria c was applicable as the Project Marie facility was abandoned and ceased further operations beginning on February 23, 2023. However, to qualify for reporting as discontinued operations, it must represent a strategic shift. Per ASC 205-20-45-1C, examples of a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results could include a disposal of a major geographical area, a major line of business, a major equity method investment, or other major parts of an entity. A strategic shift implies that the disposal must result from a change in the way management had intended to run the business. Management does not believe the closure of Project Marie represented a strategic shift as the Company still fully intends to manage operations through data hosting with customers and proprietary mining arrangements for future pipelines, as such the strategic shift criteria was not met and will not qualify as discontinued operations.

However, per ASC 360-10-50-3A, in addition to the disclosures in paragraph 360-10-50-3, if a long-lived asset (disposal group) includes an individually significant component of an entity that either has been disposed of or is classified as held for sale and does not qualify for presentation and disclosure as discontinued operation, a public business entity shall disclose the pretax profit or loss of the individually significant component of an entity for the period in which it is disposed of or is classified as held for sale and for all prior period that are presented in the statement where net income is reported in accordance with ASC 205-20-45-6 through 45-9.

On January 26, 2022, DVSL was created in order to construct, own, operate and maintain variable data centers in order to support the mining of cryptocurrency assets, batch processing and other non-crypto related activities (collectively, the “Project”). On May 3, 2022, SCI entered into a Bilateral Master Contribution Agreement (the “Bilateral Contribution Agreement”) with Spring Lane Capital, pursuant to which Spring Lane agreed, pursuant to the terms and conditions of such agreement, to make one or more capital contributions to, and in exchange for equity in, SCI or one of its subsidiaries up to an aggregate amount of $35 million to fund certain projects to develop green data centers co-located with renewable energy assets (the “Spring Lane Commitment”). We anticipate that these capital contributions, once deployed into the projects, will help develop up to three behind-the-meter (BTM) projects designed to convert wasted renewable energy into clean computing services such as ~~bitcoin~~Bitcoin mining and artificial intelligence. The Bilateral Contribution Agreement outlines the framework for the Spring Lane Commitment; however, neither we nor Spring Lane are obligated to complete any projects under such agreement and any actual capital contributions are subject to various conditions precedent, including the receipt of requisite lender and other consents, acceptance by Spring Lane of specific projects and negotiations of agreements regarding those projects, including milestones and structure. In partial consideration of the amendment to the October Secured Notes discussed above, the investors agreed to release certain collateral covered by their security agreement to permit the Company to proceed forward with the initial phase of Project Dorothy, which we expect to be partially funded by Spring Lane, which the Company expects to complete in the near future.

On August 5, 2022, the Company entered into a Contribution Agreement (the “Dorothy Contribution Agreement”) with Spring Lane, Soluna DV Devco, LLC (“Devco”), an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of SCI, and DVSL an entity formed in order to further the Company’s development for the first 25 MW of Project Dorothy, (each, a “Party” and, together, the “Parties”). Pursuant to the Dorothy Contribution Agreement, the Company committed to a capital contribution of up to approximately $26.3 million to DVSL (the “Company Commitment”), and on August 5, 2022, the Company was deemed to have contributed approximately $~~8.1~~$8.1 million, through payment of capital expenditures and development costs made on behalf of DVSL by the Company prior to August 5, 2022. Further under the Agreement, Spring Lane committed to a capital contribution of up to $~~12.5~~$12.5 million to DVSL (the “Spring Lane Dorothy Commitment”), and as of ~~September 30,~~December 31, 2022, Spring Lane contributed approximately $~~4.3~~4.8 ~~million~~million.. Under the Dorothy Contribution Agreement, the Company and Spring Lane have committed to make subsequent contributions, up to their respective Company Commitment and Spring Lane Dorothy Commitment amounts, on a pro rata basis, upon receipt of a contribution request from DVSL, as set forth in the Dorothy Contribution Agreement and subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions described therein. The proceeds of any subsequent commitments will be applied to pay project costs in accordance with the project budget.

In exchange for their contributions, the Company and Spring Lane were issued ~~67.8~~67.8%% and ~~32.2~~32.2%% of the Class B Membership Interests in DVSL, respectively, and were admitted as Class B members of DVSL. Further pursuant to the Agreement, DVSL issued 100% of its Class A Membership Interests to Devco. The Dorothy Contribution Agreement contains customary indemnification provisions, liquidation provisions and governance provisions with respect to DVSL. The Parties also entered into an Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of DVSL providing for the governance of DVSL.

Soluna evaluated this legal entity under ASC 810, Consolidations and ~~based on the following factors,~~ determined that DVSL is a variable interest entity that should be consolidated into Soluna, with a non-controlling interest recorded to account for Spring Lane’s equity ownership of the Company. Soluna has a variable interest in DVSL. The entity was designed by Soluna to create an entity for outside investors to invest in specific projects. The creation of this entity resulted in Soluna, through its equity interest in DVSL, absorbing operational risk that the entity was created to create and distribute, resulting in Soluna having a variable interest in DVSL.

~~DVSL is a variable interest entity of Soluna due to DVSL being structured with non-substantive voting rights. This is due to two factors being met as outlined in~~ ~~ASC 810-10-15-14~~ ~~that require the Variable Interest Entity model to be followed.~~

~~Also, Soluna is the primary beneficiary due to having the power to direct the activities of DVSL that most significantly impact the performance of~~On March 10, 2023, the Company ~~due to its role as the manager handling the day-to-day activities~~along with Devco, and Soluna DVSL ComputeCo, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Project Company”) entered into a Purchase and Sale Agreement (the “Purchase and Sale Agreement”) with Soluna SLC Fund I Projects Holdco, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Spring Lane”) that is wholly owned indirectly by Spring Lane Management LLC. The Project Company is constructing a modular data center with a peak demand of ~~DVSL as well as majority ownership of Class B Units and has the obligation to absorb losses or gains of DVSL that could be significant to Soluna.~~25 megawatts (the “Dorothy Phase 1A Facility”).

~~Accordingly, the accounts~~Under a series of ~~DVSL are consolidated~~transactions in February 2023 and March 2023, culminating in the ~~accompanying unaudited condensed~~March 10, 2023 Purchase and Sale Agreement, the Company sold to Spring Lane certain Class B Membership Interests for a purchase price of $7,500,000 (the “Sale”). After giving effect to the Sale, the Company owned 6,790,537 Class B Membership Interests (constituting 14.6% of the Class B Membership Interests) and Spring Lane owns 39,791,988 Class B Membership Interests (constituting 85.4% of the Class B Membership Interests). The cash portion of the purchase price paid by Spring Lane to the Company was $5,770,065, which represented the purchase price of $7,500,000 less the Company’s pro rata share of certain contributions funded entirely by Spring Lane in the earlier portion of this series of transactions occurring during February 2023 and March 2023. As a further part of these transactions, the parties agreed that from January 1, 2023 onwards, Soluna would bear only 14.6% of the costs relating to the construction and operation of the Dorothy Phase 1A Facility, compared to its 67.8% share until that time, including during the calendar year 2022. After Spring Lane Capital realizes an 18% Internal Rate of Return hurdle on its investments, the Company retains the right to 50% of the profits on Soluna DVSL ComputeCo. In connection with the Spring Lane transactions and agreements, Soluna DV Services, LLC. will be providing the operations and maintenance services to Soluna DVSL ComputeCo, LLC. Soluna DV Services, LLC expects to receive a margin of 20% for services rendered.

Concurrently with the Sale, the Company, Spring Lane, Devco and the Project Company entered into (a) the Fourth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of the Project Company, dated as of March 10, 2023 (the “Fourth A&R LLCA”), an amendment and restatement of the Third Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of the Project Company dated as of March 3, 2023, and (b) the Amended and Restated Contribution Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2023 (the “A&R Contribution Agreement”), an amendment and restatement of the Contribution Agreement dated as of August 5, 2022. The Fourth A&R LLCA provides for certain updates in respect of Spring Lane’s majority ownership. The A&R Contribution Agreement reflects updated pro rata member funding percentages as a result of the Sale as well as updated contribution caps for each of the Company and Spring Lane.

As of January 1, 2023, there were no changes in the Limited Liability Agreement of the Company other than those related to incorporating the new investment and the purpose and design of the Company has not changed. The Company evaluated the power and benefits concepts under ASC 810 to determine whether the change in investment of Class B memberships would change the consolidation of the DVSL, and the Company concluded that, after the additional investment by Spring Lane, Soluna continues to have a controlling financial ~~statements.~~interest in DVSL. In addition, the Company continues to have the power and benefits associated with DVSL and therefore will continue to consolidate.

	September 30,		September 30,		September 30,		September 30,		2023		2022
	For the three months ended				For the nine months ended				For the three months ended March 31,
	September 30,		September 30,		September 30,		September 30,		2023		2022
	2022		2021		2022		2021

Cost of sales									$	58	$	-
General and administrative expense	$	846	$	-	$	846	$	-		375		-
Net loss	$	846	$	-	$	846	$	-	$	433	$	-

Effective, January 1, 2023, the Company’s Class B membership in DVSL was reduced from 67.8% to 14.6%; see above for details.

The Company applies ASC 280, Segment Reporting, in determining its reportable segments. ~~As of September 30, 2022, the~~The Company ~~had~~has two reportable ~~segments in Continuing Operations:~~segments: Cryptocurrency Mining and Data Center Hosting. The Company notes that previously there was an additional segment: Test and Measurement Instrumentation, however as discussed in ~~Notes~~Note 1, ~~14, and 15,~~ the Company sold MTI Instruments in April 2022, and therefore has classified as discontinued operations. The guidance requires that segment disclosures present the measure(s) used by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) to decide how to allocate resources and for purposes of assessing such segments’ performance. The Company’s CODM is comprised of several members of its executive management team who use revenue and cost of revenues of both reporting segments to assess the performance of the business of our reportable operating segments.

No operating segments have been aggregated to form the reportable segments. The Company does not allocate all assets to the reporting segments as these are managed on an entity-wide basis. Therefore, the Company does not separately disclose the total assets of its reportable operating segments.

The Cryptocurrency Mining segment generates revenue from the cryptocurrency the Company earns through its mining activities. The Data Center Hosting segment generates revenue from contracts for the provision/consumption of electricity and operation of the data center from the Company’s high performance computing facility in Calvert City, Kentucky.

For the three months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and 2022, ~~and 2021,~~ approximately 40%% and 457%% of the Company’s cryptocurrency mining revenue was generated from ~~our operations~~Project Edith (data center located in ~~East~~ Wenatchee, ~~Washington,~~Washington), 3728%% and 5544%% from ~~our operations in Calvert City, Kentucky~~Project Marie, and 5972%% and 049%% from ~~our operations~~Project Sophie (data center located in Murray, ~~Kentucky,~~Kentucky), respectively. ~~For the nine months ended September 30, 2022~~96% and ~~2021, approximately~~ 6100%~~% and~~ 60~~% of the Company’s cryptocurrency mining revenue was generated from our operations in East Wenatchee, Washington,~~ 41~~% and~~ 40~~% from our operations in Calvert City, Kentucky and~~ 53~~% and~~ 0~~% from our operations in Murray, Kentucky, respectively.~~ ~~100~~% of the Company’s data center hosting revenue was generated from ~~the facility in Calvert City, Kentucky~~Project Marie from hosting with ~~two~~ customers for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023 and 2022, and 4% of the data hosting revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was generated from Project Edith.

The Company evaluates performance based on profit or loss from operations before income taxes, accounting changes, items management does not deem relevant to segment performance, and interest income and expense. Inter-segment sales and expenses are not significant. Non-cash items of depreciation and amortization are included within both costs of sales and selling, general and administrative expenses.

The following table details revenue and cost of revenues for the Company’s reportable segments for three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and 2022, ~~and 2021,~~ and reconciles to net ~~loss~~income (loss) on the consolidated statements of operations:

													2023			2022
	2022			2021			2022			2021
(Dollars in thousands)	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,						For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021			2022			2021			2023			2022
Reportable segment revenue:
Cryptocurrency mining revenue	$	5,387		$	2,018		$	20,696		$	4,670		$	2,796		$	7,812
Data hosting revenue		985			1,106			3,668			1,106			286			1,504
Total segment and consolidated revenue		6,372			3,124			24,364			5,776			3,082			9,316
Reportable segment cost of revenue:
Cost of cryptocurrency mining revenue, inclusive of depreciation		10,110			779			26,964			1,652			2,924			7,721
Cost of data hosting revenue		1,078			964			3,192			964			214			1,138
Total segment and consolidated cost of revenues		11,188			1,743			30,156			2,616			3,138			8,859
Reconciling items:
General and administrative expenses		8,064			2,317	��		22,568			6,118			6,747			7,255
Impairment on fixed assets		28,086			-			28,836			-			209			—
Impairment on equity investment		750			-			750			-			-			—
Interest expense		1,671			-			7,856			-			1,374			2,881
Loss on debt extinguishment and revaluation		12,317			-			12,317
Gain on debt revaluation														(473	)		—
Loss on sale of fixed assets		988			-			2,606			-			78			—
Other income, net		(2	)		(3	)		(2	)		(10	)		(12	)		—
Income tax (benefit) expense from continuing operations		(547	)		-			(1,344	)		3			(547	)		(547	)
Net loss from continuing operations		(56,143	)		(933	)		(79,379	)		(2,952	)		(7,432	)		(9,132	)
Income before income tax from discontinued operations (including (loss) gain on sale of MTI Instruments of $(21) and $7,581 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022)		(21	)		323			7,681			500
Income before income tax from discontinued operations														—			226
Income tax benefit from discontinued operations		-			-			70			-			—			—
Net income from discontinued operations		(21	)		323			7,751			500			—			226
Consolidated Net loss		(56,164	)					(71,628	)
Net loss														(7,432	)		(8,906	)
(Less) Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest		272			-			272			-			370			—
Net loss attributable to Soluna Holdings, Inc.	$	(55,892	)	$	(610	)	$	(71,356	)	$	(2,452	)	$	(7,062	)	$	(8,906	)

Capital expenditures		9,249			16,018			61,867			17,632			860			25,438
Depreciation and amortization		8,388			157			22,999			381			3,002			6,697

Chief Financial Officer and Chief Executive Officer Resignation and Appointments

Philip Patman, Jr. has resigned from his position as Chief Financial Officer of the Company, effective April 21, 2023. The Company has appointed David C. Michaels, a current director of the Company, to serve as interim Chief Financial Officer of the Company, effective as of April 21, 2023. Mr. Michaels has served as a member of the Board since August 2013 and as the Lead Independent Director since June 2016 and served as our Chairman of the Board from January 2017 to January 2022. Mr. Michaels has more than 30 years of finance experience at public and private companies, including CFO roles at the American Institute for Economic Research, Inc. and Starfire Systems, Inc. and Vice President of Treasury, Tax and Chief Risk Officer at Albany International Corp. (NYSE: AIN).

Effective as of May 1, 2023, Michael Toporek resigned as Chief Executive Officer of Soluna Holdings, Inc. The Company has appointed John Belizaire, the Chief Executive Officer of SCI and a current director of the Company, to serve as the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, effective as of May 1, 2023. In connection with the succession plan, Mr. Toporek was elected as Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors.

The Company noted that the resignation of Philip Patman, Jr. and Michael Toporek were not a result of any disagreements with the Company on any matter relating to the Company’s operations, policies or practices.

On May 9, 2023, the Company’s indirect subsidiary Soluna DV ComputeCo, LLC (“DV”) completed a strategic partnership and financing with a special purpose vehicle, Navitas West Texas Investments SPV, LLC, (“Navitas”), organized by Navitas Global to complete the second phase of the Dorothy Project (“Dorothy 1B”).

The Dorothy Project is a 100MW Soluna modular data center co-located at the Briscoe Wind Farm in Silverton, Texas. It was acquired as part of the merger with Soluna Callisto in October 2021. The initial 50MW phase of the project includes 44 modular data center buildings in two sub-phases, Dorothy 1A and Dorothy 1B. Each of these phases is 25 MW each. Dorothy is the second modular data center built using Soluna’s proprietary design and software. The facility is designed to consume the wasted electricity from the wind farm and the grid.

Under a Contribution Agreement among the parties, the Company owned a substantially complete 25MW data center under construction, in which capital expenditures had been contributed by the Company to the data center. Navitas has initially contributed $4.5 million in cash for the primary purpose of purchasing proprietary cryptocurrency miners and equipment necessary to put the Dorothy 1B Project into service. As a result of the initial contribution from Navitas, the Company owns 73.5% of DV and Navitas owns 26.5% of DV. Per the Contribution Agreement among the parties, Navitas has a commitment of approximately $10.8 million in cash for the purchase of miners and equipment, in which the Company expects Navitas to contribute the remaining commitment funding in the next several months. At the completion of funding, Navitas will have a 49% membership interest in DV, and the Company will have a 51% membership interest in DV.

As a part of the transaction, Navitas provided a two-year loan of $2.0 million to DV which will be repaid from a portion of distributions from DV to the Company. With this loan, DV has financed the completion of the Dorothy 1B facility and sufficient funds to put the facility into service, which is expected in July 2023.

As a result of these transactions, the Dorothy 1B project is fully financed and will no longer require an outlay of capital resources from the Company.

On ~~October 7, 2022,~~May 11, 2023, the Company entered into a ~~promissory note agreement~~Second Amendment Agreement (the “Second Amendment”) with ~~Spring Lane, as amended, for a principal amount~~the holders of $~~850,000~~ ~~with an interest rate~~its October 2021 Convertible Notes (the “October Secured Notes”) to extend the maturity date of ~~10% per annum (the “Spring Lane Note”). All unpaid interest and principal shall be due on September 30,~~the October Secured Notes to July 25, 2024. The October ~~2022 Offering~~Secured Notes were originally due April 25, 2023 which was ~~deemed a “Qualified Financing” pursuant~~subsequently extended to May 25, 2023 to provide additional time to negotiate the ~~Spring Lane Note, upon consummation~~terms of ~~which~~ the ~~outstanding~~Second Amendment.

In connection with the Second Amendment, the Company paid an extension fee of $250,000 and increased the principal amount of the ~~Note and any unpaid accrued interest are to automatically convert into the securities sold in the Qualified Financing~~outstanding October Secured Notes by 14%. The Company also issued 6,000,000 new Class A warrants exercisable at ~~a conversion price equal to the price paid per share for securities by the investors in the Qualified Financing. On October 26, 2022, upon closing of the October 2022 Offering, the Company issued~~ ~~593,065~~ ~~shares of common stock to Spring Lane upon the automatic conversion of the Spring Lane Note, with an aggregate principal amount of~~ $~~850,000~~0.50 and ~~accrued and unpaid interest thereon held,~~2,000,000 new Class B warrants exercisable at ~~a conversion price of~~ $~~1.44~~0.80~~, the same price per share as the public offering price per October 2022 Share as set forth below.~~

On October 24, 2022, the Company entered into an Underwriting Agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with Univest Securities, LLC (“Univest”) in connection with the offer and sale to such underwriter, in a firm commitment public offering (the “October 2022 Offering”) of ~~1,388,889~~ ~~shares (the “October 2022 Shares”) of the Company’s common stock at a price to the public of $1.44~~ ~~per share. Pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement, the Company also granted the underwriter a 45-day option to purchase up to an additional~~ ~~208,333~~ ~~shares (the “October 2022 Option Shares”) of the Common Stock on the same terms as the October 2022 Shares sold in the Offering (the “October 2022 Over-Allotment Option”)~~. ~~On October 26, 2022, the October 2022 Offering closed.~~

~~The aggregate gross proceeds were approximately $2.0~~ ~~million before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of~~ ~~8.0% ($0.16~~ ~~million) and other offering fees and expenses, resulting in aggregate net proceeds~~Subject to the Equity Conditions (as defined below), upon each trigger set forth below, the Company is allowed, once per trigger, require the Note holders to convert up to 20% percent of ~~approximately $1.63~~ ~~million. In~~ the ~~event that~~outstanding amount of the October ~~2022 Over-Allotment Option is exercised by the underwriter in full, that would result in additional aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $0.3~~ million before deducting applicable underwriter discounts and other offering fees and expenses. The Company intends to use the net proceeds of this offering for the acquisition, development and growth of data centers, including cryptocurrency mining processors, other computer processing equipment, data storage, electrical infrastructure, software and real property (i.e. land and buildings) and business, including but not limited to the Project Dorothy facility, and for working capital and general corporate purposes, which include, but are not limited to, operating expenses.Secured Notes as:

Pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement and the engagement letter, dated as of October 4, 2022, by and between the Company and Univest, the Company agreed to issue to Univest, in connection with the October 2022 Offering, warrants to purchase up to a number of shares of common stock, representing 5% of the October 2022 Shares and any October 2022 Option Shares sold, at an initial exercise price of $~~1.584~~ per share, subject to certain adjustments (the “October 2022 Underwriter’s Warrants”). On October 26, 2022, the Company issued to Univest or its designees the October 2022 Underwriter’s Warrants to purchase up to ~~69,444~~ shares of common stock. In the event that the October 2022 Over-Allotment Option is exercised in full, the Company will issue to Univest or its designees additional October 2022 Underwriter’s Warrants to purchase up to ~~10,417~~ ~~shares of common stock. The Underwriter’s Warrants are exercisable six months following the date of the Underwriting Agreement and terminate five years from the date of the Underwriting Agreement.~~

~~Upon the closing~~The Equity Condition is met if all of the ~~October 2022 Offering,~~following conditions have been met: (i) the ~~Company also issued~~ ~~158,333~~ shares of ~~common stock to~~Common Stock issuable upon the ~~holder~~conversion are either registered under the Securities Act of ~~the Company’s Series B Preferred Stock, reflecting~~1933 or resellable under Rule 144 thereunder without any volume restrictions, (ii) the number of shares ~~of common stock equal~~issuable to ~~10% of the capital raised from the October 2022 Offering and the Spring Lane~~each Note pursuant to that certain securities purchase agreement, dated July 19, 2022, by and between the Company and the purchaser named therein. Additionally, upon the closing of the October 2022 Offering, the exercise price of the Series B Warrants reset to from $holder are below ~~10.00~~ ~~per share to $1.584~~ ~~per share,~~ ~~110~~4.99% of the ~~price per share of common stock~~outstanding shares, (iii) at least 20 trading days has elapsed since the previous mandatory conversion, (iv) the Company is current in all the SEC filings, and (v) the Company has obtained all required approvals from NASDAQ, or any successor trading market, to list the Common Stock to be issued ~~and sold in the October 2022 Offering.~~upon such conversion.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes thereto included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes thereto and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for the year ended December 31, ~~2021~~2022 contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 31, ~~2022.~~2023.

In addition to historical information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements, which involve risk and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ include those set forth in Part I Item 1A-Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, ~~2021~~2022 and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Readers should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which the statements were made and are not guarantees of future performance. Except as may be required by applicable law, we do not undertake or intend to update any forward-looking statements after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Please see “Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements” below.

SHI currently conducts our business through our wholly-owned subsidiary, ~~SCI.~~Soluna Computing, Inc. (“SCI”). SCI is engaged in the mining of cryptocurrency through data centers that can be powered by renewable energy sources. Recently, SCI has built modular data centers that are used for cryptocurrency mining though proprietary mining and hosting business models. SCI intends to continue to develop and build modular data centers that ~~are currently used~~use wasted renewable energy for cryptocurrency mining and ~~that~~in the in the future can be used for ~~computing~~ intensive, batchable computing applications, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, with the goal of providing a cost-effective alternative to battery storage or transmission lines. Headquartered in Albany, New York, the Company uses technology and intentional design to solve complex, real-world challenges. The Company’s data centers are operated through certain projects noted below: Project Edith, Project Sophie, Project Marie, and Project Dorothy.

The Edith project is a project permitted to consume up to 3.3 MegaWatts (“MW”) located in Wenatchee, Washington. The data center was ~~incorporated in Delaware on January 8, 2020 as EcoChain, Inc., which operates a cryptocurrency mining facility that integrates with~~acquired from the cryptocurrency blockchain network. Through the October 2021 acquisition by EcoChain, Inc. of an entity at the time named Soluna Computing, Inc., SCI also has a pipeline of certain cryptocurrency mining projects previously owned by Harmattan Energy, Ltd. (“HEL”) (formerly known as Soluna Technologies, Ltd.), a Canadian corporation incorporated under the lawsestate of the Province of British Colombia that develops vertically-integrated, utility-scale computing facilities focused on cryptocurrency mining and cutting-edge blockchain applications. Following such acquisition, on November 15, 2021, SCI completed its conversion and redomicile to Nevada and changed its name from “EcoChain, Inc.” to “Soluna Computing, Inc.”.GigaWatt bankruptcy in May 2020. The following day, the acquired entity, Soluna Computing, Inc., changed its name to “Soluna Callisto Holdings Inc.” (“Soluna Callisto”). We earn revenue from this business as the mined cryptocurrencies are converted into U.S. dollars. SCI has also began mining operationsproject operates in fiscal year 2021 in Murray, Kentucky and Calvert City, Kentucky. The mining facility in Calvert City currently performs hosting services and prop mining in which 10 megawatts is used for hosting services and 10 megawatts is used for prop mining. The mining facility in Murray, Kentucky operates fully on prop mininga district with ~~a capacity of 25 megawatts. On September 17, 2022, SCI sold specified assets consisting mainly of mining equipment and other general equipment items to a buyer at its Wenatchee, Washington location.~~increasing power rates. In addition, SCI entered into a management and hosting services agreement with the buyer to host several mining equipment now owned by the buyer. We have a development site in Texas (“Project Dorothy”) for a potential of up to 100 megawatts to be built at a wind farm with initial energization of 50 megawatts anticipated to begin in the first quarter of ~~2023, subject~~2022, the ETH (“Ethereum”) foundation made it clear that the merge to ~~ERCOT approval~~proof-of-stake was happening and ~~with ramp up likely~~graphics processing unit (“GPU”) mining was going to ~~continue~~be challenged going forward. In the early summer of 2022, Soluna began to seek a buyer for the assets. Soluna ultimately sold the GPU mining assets and other mining equipment in ~~fiscal year 2023.~~September 2022 for $790 thousand. Soluna has committed to providing certain facilities contracts at cost plus a markup to facilitate the continued operations for the mining assets for the new ownership.

The Marie Project was Soluna’s 20 MW co-location facility based in Kentucky. This facility was Soluna’s first project in Kentucky, prior to building the Sophie greenfield project. The site is powered by the Tennessee Valley Authority (“TVA”) grid and was designed to operate 24/7 less mandatory TVA curtailment windows.

In January 2022, Soluna began investing capital into Project Marie to upgrade the facility to support 20 MW of power consumption and create power efficiencies in the main leased building. These upgrades were completed in February of 2022. In January, Soluna completed the roll out of legacy hosting customers at the facility to be replaced with proprietary mining equipment.

In March and April of 2022, the facility experienced several unplanned outages due to issues with electrical infrastructure owned by CCMA. Despite these setbacks, the facility was able to recover and continue to run at a steady hashrate throughout the course of the year. When the Bitcoin downturn hit, the Marie facility took initiative to ensure maximum efficiency of the miner inventory and also took action to reduce site-level expenses.

Project Marie power was impacted by increased Financial Conduit Authority (“FCA”) changes in late summer which were at levels not seen in many years. To further reduce risk to contribution margin, the company began contract negotiations with the 10 MW hosting customer at the site whose renewal was due in September. These negotiations resulted in a more favorable fee structure that positioned the company to better navigate the FCA volatility and the broader Bitcoin economics.

With the decline in the price of Bitcoin that occurred during 2022, by September 2022, the cashflows from Marie became inadequate to fully service the NYDIG loan. After discussions with NYDIG, two separate monthly waivers of payments for September and October 2022 were agreed. By November 2022, however, the Borrower failed to make its payment, and subsequently, on December 20, 2022, the Borrower received a Notice of Acceleration and Repossession (the “NYDIG Notice”) from NYDIG with respect to the MEFA, by and between Borrower and NYDIG. The obligations of Borrower under the MEFA and reflected in the NYDIG Notice are ring-fenced to Borrower and its direct parent company, Soluna MC LLC. The Company is not a party to any guaranty, collateral agreement or other support agreement with or for the benefit of NYDIG. Borrower had entered into a dialogue with NYDIG to resolve the matters set forth in the NYDIG Notice.

The NYDIG Notice states that (a) Borrower failed to observe or perform certain covenants, conditions or agreements contained in the MEFA and such failure continued unremedied for a period of ten days after Borrower’s knowledge of such breach, which resulted in an event of default under the MEFA, and (b) Borrower defaulted under the guaranty, collateral agreement, or other support agreement, which resulted in an event of default under the MEFA. In addition, the NYDIG Notice states that Borrower failed to pay certain payments of principal and interest under the MEFA when due, which failure also constituted an event of default under the MEFA. As a result of the foregoing events of default, and pursuant to the MEFA, NYDIG (x) declared the principal amount of all loans due and owing under the MEFA and all accompanying Loan Documents (as defined in the MEFA) to be due and immediately payable, (y) imposed a default rate of interest on any outstanding principal amount of each loan (together with all then unpaid interest accruing thereon) and all other obligations under the MEFA and the Loan Documents, and (z) demanded the return of all equipment subject to the MEFA and the Loan Documents.

On February 23, 2023, NYDIG proceeded to foreclose on all of the collateral securing the MEFA, which resulted in a reportable disposition of all of the Company’s mining assets at the site and certain of the operating assets of Project Marie. Additionally, NDYIG has stated its intention to pursue SCI, the parent company of Guarantor, under a piercing of the corporate veil claim relating to Defendants’ debts and liabilities under the loan documents. SCI denies any such liability and has filed a complaint for a declaratory judgment against NYDIG in the Eighth Judicial District Court in Clark County, Nevada on March 16, 2023 seeking a declaratory judgment as to such matter. In a related development, also on February 23, 2023, the Borrower received a notice of termination of the Management and Hosting Services Agreement with CC Metals and Alloys, LLC. As a result of this action and certain other characteristics of the facility, the Company elected to shut down the Marie facility, and has impaired certain property, plant, and equipment assets that were at the Marie facility. The Company believes it will maximize its profits and return on assets by concentrating its personnel and capital on its Dorothy Facility.

The Sophie Project is Soluna’s 25 MW modular data center based in Kentucky. This facility is the first site based on Soluna’s modular design, electrical design, and powered by its proprietary software Maestro OS (™). The site is powered by the TVA grid and is designed to operate during off-peak hours to help Western Kentucky Rural Electric Cooperative (“WKRECC”) manage its excess energy consumption. During 2022, power prices at the site, after the full ramp-up of activities, were approximately 4.0 cents per kWh on average.

By April 8, 2022, older machines (Bitmain S9s) at Sophie were replaced with newer models growing the hashrate and a power usage effectiveness and consuming over 20 MW of energy. In May of 2022, the Project Sophie team moved into the completed offices, added a new asphalt road, and upgraded the network infrastructure on the site. In June and July of 2022, the site exceeded its previous mining hashrate by installing new Bitmain S19s and replacing S9 machines. Project Sophie has also hosted a series of demonstrations with leading renewable energy companies and capital providers.

On April 6, 2023, Project Sophie entered into a 25 MW hosting contract with a Bitcoin miner, in which will shift the Company’s business model at the Company’s modular data center at Project Sophie from proprietary mining to hosting Bitcoin miners for the customer. The Company plans to sell its existing Bitcoin miners at the site and redeploy capital.

The Dorothy Project is a 100 MW Soluna modular data center co-located at the Briscoe Wind Farm in Silverton, Texas. It was acquired as part of the merger with Soluna Callisto in October 2021, discussed in further details on Footnote 5 on the condensed consolidated financial statements. The initial 50MW phase of the project includes 44 modular data center buildings in two sub-phases, Dorothy 1A and Dorothy 1B. Each of these phases is 25 MW each. Dorothy is the second modular data center built using Soluna’s proprietary design and software. The facility is designed to consume the wasted electricity from the wind farm and the grid. It incorporates learnings and enhancements from the Sophie project.

In March 2022, Soluna began site level construction via an early access agreement with the landowner and Briscoe Wind Farm, LLC., to place the concrete pad and erection of the site’s main warehouse. In April of 2022, the procurement of internet service providers began. By May 2022, the company began erecting the prefabricated modular data center buildings and trenching for underground electrical conduits.

On June 15, 2022, the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (“ERCOT”), the Texas independent system operator, formed a new taskforce, Large Flexible Load Interconnection Taskforce (“LTLTF” of “LFL”) to deal with the overwhelming increase in new load interconnection requests related to Bitcoin Mining. The new task force’s charter focused on studying the systems impact of these data centers and to establish a new interim process for approval. The new process included the addition of new technical studies and modeling to ensure the reliability of the electrical system. Briscoe, Oncor and Soluna collaborated on completing the required technical studies throughout the summer and early fall of 2022.

On October 31, 2022, after the completion of required studies, the Briscoe Wind Farm submitted a revised Resource Asset Registration Forms (“RARF”) to ERCOT requesting the addition of the Dorothy Project as a 100 MW behind-the-meter load and to initiate the modeling process. On December 8, 2022, the Briscoe/Soluna project was approved by the ERCOT modeling team. On December 19, 2022, all required studies were approved and the Dorothy Project received a “Met Planning” approval from ERCOT LFL.

While these ERCOT approvals were being obtained, through the summer and fall of 2022, Soluna continued the construction of Dorothy erecting more buildings, installing power infrastructure, completing the warehouse and office buildings, including ancillary HVAC and power. From September to December 2022, all mechanical and electrical construction was completed for Dorothy 1A. On October 15, 2022, Dorothy 1B’s construction was officially paused. In March 2023, the data center’s substation interconnection was completed, and Dorothy 1B’s construction was resumed and the site’s network and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition systems were installed.

On April 22, 2022, SCI signed definitive agreements with funds managed by Spring Lane Capital (“SLC”) to provide a $35 million pool of capital for financing Soluna projects co-located with renewable energy projects. At least $12.5 million of the pool was earmarked for the Dorothy Project. In July 2022, Soluna began drawing down on the SLC capital to finance Dorothy construction and return capital to the Company for past funding. In exchange for SLC’s contributions, the Company and Spring Lane were issued approximately 68% and 32% of the Class B Membership Interests in Soluna DVSL ComputeCo, LLC (“DVSL”). The Company consolidated the accounts of DVSL, a Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”), as of December 31, 2022.

On March 10, 2023, SCI completed the final tranche of a series of project-level agreements for $7.5 million of capital to fund the first 25 MW of the Dorothy Facility and corporate expenses from funds managed by SLC. This additional capital will be used to help complete the substation interconnection and the final stages of the Dorothy Facility, and corporate operations of Soluna. SLC has been a strategic partner for Soluna at the project and corporate levels of the business since 2022. In this series of transactions, SLC has increased its stake in DVSL from approximately 32% to 85% and has in turn reduced SHI’s ownership from 68% to 15%. After SLC realizes an 18% Internal Rate of Return hurdle on its investments, Soluna retains the right to 50% of the profits on Soluna DVSL ComputeCo.

The second 25 MW being developed as part of the Dorothy Facility, the ownership of which is held within Soluna DV ComputeCo, LLC (“DV”), as of March 31, 2023 remained indirectly wholly owned by the Company. On May 9, 2023, the Company entered into an investment partnership with Navitas for its Project Dorothy 1B data center in Texas.

The proprietary-mining focused joint venture brings Navitas into Project Dorothy 1B as an investor and equity partner. Navitas will provide investment capital for the final stages of the infrastructure build out of Project Dorothy 1B and 25 MW of Bitcoin miners. Navitas has initially contributed $4.5 million for a 26.5% ownership in DV,and has a commitment of approximately $10.8 million in cash for the purchase of proprietary mining equipment. Once the funding is completed, Navitas will have a 49% membership interest in Project Dorothy 1B. The deal also includes a $2 million loan to complete construction. Soluna will provide operations and maintenance expertise and will remain an owner of 51% of Dorothy 1B. This partnership is a capstone to the recent deals at Dorothy 1A and Project Sophie, in which will help put the company on a positive trajectory.

Throughout 2022 SCI’s corporate development continued to negotiate the definitive documents with Golden Spread Electric Cooperative, Inc., a Texas cooperative corporation (“GSEC”) and Lighthouse Electric Cooperative, Inc., a Texas cooperative corporation (“LHEC”), Oncor Electric Delivery, LLC (“Oncor”) and Briscoe Wind Farm, LLC’s various sponsors and financing parties (“Briscoe”). These agreements were finalized in March 2023 (see below).

On March 2, 2023, Soluna DV Services, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company (“ServeCo”) and an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a series of agreements with Briscoe, (b) GSEC, and (c) LHEC. All the agreements were effective as of February 24, 2023 (the “Effective Date”). The Company is developing a modular data center in phases (the “Dorothy Facility”). The two phases of the Dorothy Facility will have a peak demand of 50 megawatts, and if, upon mutual agreement, all four phases are completed, the data center will have an estimated peak demand of 150 megawatts. The Dorothy Facility will be located next to, and supplied energy from, Briscoe’s 150-megawatt wind farm located at or near Briscoe and Floyd Counties, Texas (the “Briscoe Wind Farm”). Under the agreements, LHEC and GSEC will supply the Dorothy Facility with energy from the Briscoe Wind Farm and the ERCOT market.

ServeCo and LHEC entered into an Agreement for Electric Service to Soluna DV Services, LLC (the “Retail Agreement”) for resale of energy supplied from the Briscoe Wind Farm and the ERCOT market delivered by GSEC for service to the energy load of the Dorothy Facility. As noted above, GSEC has by separate agreement arranged to purchase power at wholesale from Briscoe or to deliver and purchase power from the ERCOT market to serve LHEC with electric power and energy for resale to ServeCo for service to the Dorothy Facility. The initial term of the Retail Agreement is five years, with up to five extension terms of one year each unless terminated by LHEC or ServeCo.

ServeCo and Briscoe also entered into a Cooperation Agreement (the “Cooperation Agreement”), pursuant to which Briscoe and ServeCo agreed to certain rights, obligations, and restrictions with respect to the real property of the Dorothy Facility and the construction, interconnection, permitting, operation, maintenance, removal, and decommissioning of the Dorothy Facility and applicable credit support. Soluna DV ComputeCo, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and Soluna DVSL ComputeCo, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company became parties to the Cooperation Agreement by each entering into a Joinder Agreement on the Effective Date. Unless terminated sooner in accordance with its terms, the term of the Cooperation Agreement is from the Effective Date until the expiration or termination of the Power Purchase Agreement, by and between Briscoe and GSEC, dated as of the Effective Date (the “PPA”).

ServeCo, Briscoe, LHEC, and GSEC also entered into a Performance and Net Energy Security Agreement (the “PSA”), pursuant to which ServeCo will provide certain credit support to LHEC in connection with its obligations under the Retail Agreement and the other transaction agreements. The PSA is effective on the Effective Date and will remain in effect for 18 months following the later of the termination of the Retail Agreement or the termination of the PPA.

On the Effective Date, ServeCo and Alice Fay Grabbe (“Owner”) entered into a Lease Agreement (the “Lease”) to lease certain real property located in Briscoe County, Texas for the Dorothy Facility. Unless terminated sooner in accordance with its terms, the initial term of the Lease is five years. The initial term of the Lease will automatically extend for five additional one-year periods, unless terminated by ServeCo or Owner.

On April 26, 2023, Soluna DVSL ComputeCo, LLC signed a 5 MW 2-year Master Enterprise Hosting Services Agreement with Compass Mining, Inc. (the “Compass MHSA”). Compass Mining is one of the world’s first and largest online marketplace for Bitcoin mining hardware and hosting. Through its network of partners with mining facilities located in the US and Canada, Compass facilitates both large and small miner deployments on behalf of its end-users. On May 5, 2023, Soluna DVSL ComputeCo, LLC signed a 2-year 20 MW Services Framework Agreement with a Strategic Hosting Partner. The partner will deploy over 5,000 miners at Dorothy 1A.

Until the ~~April 11, 2022 sale described below,~~Sale (as defined below), we also operated though our ~~wholly owned~~wholly-owned subsidiary, MTI Instruments, an instruments business engaged in the design, manufacture and sale of vibration measurement and system balancing solutions, precision linear displacement sensors, instruments and system solutions, and wafer inspection tools. MTI Instruments was incorporated in New York on March 8, 2000. MTI Instruments’ products ~~consist~~consisted of engine vibration analysis systems for both military and commercial aircraft and electronic gauging instruments for position, displacement and vibration application within the industrial manufacturing markets, as well as in the research, design and process development markets. These systems, tools and solutions ~~are~~were developed for markets and applications that require consistent operation of complex machinery and the precise measurements and control of products, processes, and the development and implementation of automated manufacturing and assembly. On December 17, 2021, we announced that we had entered into a non-binding letter of intent with a potential buyer (the “Buyer”) regarding the potential sale of MTI Instruments (the “LOI”) to an unrelated third party. Pursuant to the LOI, the Buyer would acquire 100% of the issued and outstanding common stock of MTI Instruments. On April 11, 2022, we consummated the sale of MTI Instruments, ~~(the “Sale”~~(‘the Sale”)., MTI Instruments ceased to be our wholly-owned subsidiary, and, as a result, we have exited the instruments business. As a result of the foregoing, the MTI Instruments business was reported as discontinued operations in ~~our~~the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, ~~2021~~2022 and prior periods ~~included in~~within our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, as was filed with the SEC on March 31, ~~2022 (our “Annual Report”), as well as in these consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2022 and prior periods.~~ 2023.

On April 11, 2022, ~~we consummated~~SHI entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Stock Purchase Agreement”) with NKX Acquiror, Inc. (the “Purchaser”), pursuant to which the ~~Sale,~~Company sold on such date all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of its wholly-owned subsidiary, MTI Instruments, ~~ceased~~for approximately $9.4 million in cash, subject to ~~be our wholly-owned subsidiary. As~~certain adjustments as set forth in the Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Sale”). The consideration paid by the Purchaser to the Company was based on an aggregate enterprise value of approximately $10.75 million. The Company recognized a ~~result, we have exited the instruments business. See Notes 1, 14, and 15 of our consolidated financial statements for additional information~~gain on the ~~Sale.~~sale of approximately $7.8 million.

We have used the net proceeds of ~~our recent~~the Spring Lane project level financing, debt financing, sale of miners and ~~preferred~~equipment, and subsequent closings of our common stock ~~offerings during the quarter~~December 5^th Securities Purchase agreement primarily for the construction of Project Dorothy, which is anticipated to launch in the second quarter of fiscal year 2023, ~~additional miners for our cryptocurrency mining facilities in Kentucky to continue to expand our growth in those facilities,~~ and operational expenses for our SHI parent and SCI business unit.

On October 24, 2022, we entered into the Underwriting Agreement with Univest in connection with the offer and sale to Univest, in a firm commitment public offering of 1,388,889 shares of our common stock at a price to the public of $1.44 per share. Pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement, we also granted the underwriter a 45-day option to purchase up to an additional 208,333 shares of common stock on the same terms as the October 2022 Shares. On October 26, 2022, the October 2022 Offering closed.

The aggregate gross proceeds were approximately $2.0 million before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of 8.0% ($0.16 million) and other offering fees and expenses, resulting in aggregate net proceeds to us of approximately $1.63 million. The net proceeds of the offering are intended for the acquisition, development and growth of data centers, including cryptocurrency mining processors, other computer processing equipment, data storage, electrical infrastructure, software and real property (i.e. land and buildings) and business, including but not limited to the Project Dorothy facility, and for working capital and general corporate purposes, which include, but are not limited to, operating expenses. We expect to develop and implement a capital strategy consisting of debt and equity to finance new projects, equipment purchases and upgrades for the remaining fiscal year 2022 and fiscal year 2023.

Upon the closing of the October 2022 Offering, we also issued 158,333 shares of common stock to the Series B Investor, reflecting the number of shares of common stock equal to 10% of the capital raised from the October 2022 Offering and the Spring Lane Note, pursuant to that certain securities purchase agreement, dated July 19, 2022, by and between us and the purchaser named therein. Additionally, upon the closing of the October 2022 Offering, the exercise price of the Series B Warrants reset to from $10.00 per share to $1.584 per share, 110% of the price per share of common stock issued and sold in the October 2022 Offering.

~~As of September 30, 2022, we had purchased, received and/or deployed the following miners:~~

In the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we received and deployed 12,289 miners and disposed or sold 6,284 miners. We had 11,369 active miners within our mining operations as of September 30, 2022.

Consolidated Results of Operations for the Three ~~and Nine~~ Months Ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 Compared to the Three ~~and Nine~~ Months Ended ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022.

The following table summarizes changes in the various components of our net loss during the three months ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022.

~~The following table summarizes changes in the various components of our net loss during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021.~~

(Dollars in thousands)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022			Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021			$ Change			% Change			Three Months Ended March 31, 2023			Three Months Ended March 31, 2022			$ Change			% Change
Cryptocurrency mining revenue	$	20,696			4,670			16,026			343	%	$	2,796			7,812			(5,016	)		(64	)%
Data hosting revenue	$	3,668			1,106			2,562			231	%	$	286			1,504			(1,218	)		(81	)%
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of cryptocurrency mining revenue, exclusive of depreciation	$	11,092			1,272			9,820			772	%	$	2,299			3,397			(1,098	)		(32	)%
Depreciation costs associated with cryptocurrency mining	$	15,872			380			15,492			4,076	%	$	625			4,324			(3,699	)		(86	)%
Cost of data hosting revenue	$	3,192			964			2,228			232	%	$	214			1,138			(924	)		(81	)%
General and administrative expenses, exclusive of depreciation and amortization	$	15,441			6,118			9,323			152	%	$	4,370			4,882			(512	)		(10	)%
Depreciation and amortization associated with general and administrative expenses	$	7,127			1			7,126			712,600	%	$	2,377			2,373			4			-%
Impairment on equity investment	$	750			-			750			100	%
Impairment on fixed assets	$	28,836			-			28,836			100	%	$	209			-			209			100	%
Operating loss	$	(57,946	)		(2,959	)		(54,984	)		1,858	%	$	(7,012	)		(6,798	)		(214	)		3	%
Other income, net	$	2			10			(8	)		(80	%)	$	12			-			12			100	%
Interest expense	$	(7,856	)		-			(7,856	)		100	%	$	(1,374	)		(2,881	)		1,507			52	%
Loss on debt extinguishment and revaluation	$	(12,317	)		-			(12,317	)		100	%
Loss on sale of fixed assets	$	(2,606	)		-			(2,606	)		100	%	$	(78	)		-			(78	)		(100	)%
Gain on debt revaluation, net													$	473			-			473			100	%
Loss before income taxes from continuing operations	$	(80,723	)		(2,949	)		(77,774	)		2,637	%	$	(7,979	)		(9,679	)		1,700			(18	)%
Income tax benefit (expense) from continuing operations	$	1,344			(3	)		1,347			(44,900	%)
Income tax benefit from continuing operations													$	547			547			-			-%
Net loss from continuing operations	$	(79,379	)		(2,952	)		(76,427	)		2,589	%	$	(7,432	)		(9,132	)		1,700			(19	)%
Income before income taxes from discontinued operations (including gain on sale of MTI Instruments of $7,581 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022)	$	7,681			500			7,181			1,436	%
Income before income taxes from discontinued operations													$	-			226			(226	)		(100	)%
Income tax benefit from discontinued operations	$	70			-			70			100	%	$	-			-			-			-%
Net income from discontinued operations	$	7,751			500			7,251			1,450	%	$	-			226			(226	)		(100	)%
Consolidated Net loss	$	(71,628	)		(2,452	)		(69,176	)		2,821	%
Net loss													$	(7,432	)		(8,906	)		1,474			(17	)%
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest	$	(272	)		-			(272	)		100	%	$	(370	)		-			(370	)		(100	)%
Net loss attributable to Soluna Holdings, Inc.	$	(71,356	)		(2,452	)		(68,904	)		2,810	%	$	(7,062	)		(8,906	)		1,844			(21	)%

Cryptocurrency Mining Revenue: Cryptocurrency ~~mining~~ revenue consists of revenue recognized from SCI’s cryptocurrency mining operations.

Cryptocurrency ~~mining~~ revenue was approximately ~~$5.4 million and $20.7~~$2.8 million for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022, respectively,~~March 31, 2023 compared to ~~$2.0 million and $4.7~~$7.8 million for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2021, respectively.~~March 31, 2022. We ~~maintained our facility~~noted the significant decrease of approximately $5.0 million related to the average price of Bitcoin decreased approximately 45% from the first three months of March 2022 compared to the first three months of March 2023. In addition, as discussed in ~~Washington~~Note 15, Project Marie operations were stopped in February 2023 with the CCMA termination and ~~in 2021 added two new mining site~~NYDIG repossession of collateralized assets. The Company saw a $2.7 million decline for Project Marie due to not having a month and half of operations in ~~Murray, Kentucky and Calvert City, Kentucky, however only~~ the ~~East Wenatchee and Calvert City sites were operational in the~~first three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, and operations for the Calvert City site did not begin to ramp up until the third quarter of 2021. Megawatts deployed increased from approximately 2 megawatts at the beginning of 2021 and increased slowly in fiscal year 2021 to 20 megawatts for the Calvert City facility and 25 megawatts for their Murray facility for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. This growth in capacity and expected hashrate contributed to the growth in the business for the three and nine months of ~~2022.~~March 2023 and the Bitcoin price decline between periods.

Data Hosting Revenue: In August 2021, SCI began cryptocurrency hosting services in which SCI provides energized space and operating services to third-party mining companies who locate their mining hardware at one of SCI’s mining locations, in which they may receive a fee per miner installed, revenue share and if additional services are rendered, an additional service fee is charged to the outside parties. ~~The Company’s data~~Data hosting revenue was approximately ~~$985~~$286 thousand and $3.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, with $1.1 million in data hosting revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. The Company saw a decline in data hosting revenue for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2022 as~~March 31, 2023 compared to $1.5 million for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2021 due to a change~~March 31, 2022. The significant decline in ~~contract in which~~ the Company is now, as of August 2022, charging a lower flat fee per month as compared to fees charged by miner, and charging the electricity expense as a pass-through thus does not get recognized as revenue. The Company still receives a profit share component from the hosting contract. The data hosting revenue of $1.2 million was primarily related the average Bitcoin price decline as noted above for the Cryptocurrency mining revenue, as well as in the comparative prior quarter, 100% of the data hosting was done at Project Marie, in which as noted above and in Note 15, the Project Marie operations were shut down in February 2023, as such, no further revenue was generated for a month and half for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022 and 2021 is entirely attributed to the Calvert City, Kentucky mining site.~~March 31, 2023.

Cost of Cryptocurrency ~~Mining~~ Revenue: Cost of cryptocurrency revenue includes direct utility costs, site overhead expenses, depreciation expenses, as well as overhead costs that relate to the operations of SCI’s cryptocurrency mining ~~facilities.~~facilities in Washington and facilities in Kentucky. Going forward, cost of cryptocurrency revenue will include any additional SCI cryptocurrency mining facilities that are part of the Company’s future pipeline.

Cost of cryptocurrency ~~mining~~ revenue, exclusive of depreciation costs was approximately ~~$4.1~~$2.3 million and ~~$11.1~~$3.4 million for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, ~~compared~~approximately a $1.1 million decrease. As noted above, as production volume declined due to ~~approximately $623 thousand~~the ceasing of operations at Project Marie and ~~$1.3 million for~~lower revenue generated from Bitcoin pricing, the ~~three~~cost of cryptocurrency also declined, but not as dramatically as revenue due to certain overhead and ~~nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively.~~ direct costs remaining consistent as prior comparative periods.

Depreciation costs associated with cryptocurrency revenue was approximately ~~$6.0 million and $15.9~~$625 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $4.3 million for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2022. The significant decline between the comparative periods related to the Company had a higher net book value in property, plant, and equipment as of March 31, 2022 ~~respectively,~~of approximately $68.3 million compared to ~~$156 thousand~~$39.0 million as of March 31, 2023. In fiscal year 2022, the Company impaired approximately $47 million of property, plant and $381 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. As noted above, SCI did not commence cryptocurrency mining operations until the second quarter of 2020 and did not start to significantly increase capacity untilequipment mainly in the third ~~quarter of 2021. The Murray, Kentucky mining site did not energize until the~~and fourth quarter of ~~2021. Therefore, there was no material cryptocurrency mining revenue or associated~~fiscal year 2022, in which in turn resulted in lower net book value of property, plant and equipment as of March 31, 2023 and a decline in depreciation costs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. As the Company began increasing its capacity, the associated costs began to increase. As noted above, depreciation costs associated with cryptocurrency mining revenue began to significantly increase as miners and equipment were being installed into operations and depreciated over their useful life.period.

Cost of Data Hosting Revenue: ~~Cost~~As noted above, the average Bitcoin price had declined by approximately 45% for comparative periods, as well as Marie operations were stopped in which the hosting contract with CCMA was terminated. As such, we saw a significant decline in cost of data hosting revenue ~~includes utility charges, site overhead expenses, and other charges. These expenses are allocated based on the cost driving activity.~~by approximately $924 thousand.

Cost of data hosting revenue was approximately $1.1 million and $3.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to $964 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. As noted above, SCI began hosting services in August 2021, in which expenses are allocated based on the cost driving activity, and as operations began to increase, the Company incurred higher cost of revenue.

General and Administrative Expenses: General and administrative expenses ~~include~~includes cash and non-cash compensation, benefits and related costs in support of our general corporate functions, including general management, finance and accounting, human resources, ~~marketing,~~ information technology, ~~corporate development,~~ and legal services.

General and administrative expenses ~~exclusive of depreciation and amortization~~ for the first three months ended ~~September 30, 2022 increased by $3.4~~March 31, 2023 was approximately $4.4 million ~~or 146%,~~compared to ~~$5.7 million from $2.3~~$4.9 million for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022, a decrease of approximately $512 thousand or 10%. This ~~increase~~decrease was ~~a result of~~mainly related decreases to salaries, benefits, and other employee expenses, ~~incurred in the three months ended September 30, 2022 for which there was no comparable expense in the three months ended September 30, 2021. The general~~consulting and ~~administrative expenses incurred in the three months ended September 30, 2022 were related to the ramp of the integration of the Soluna Callisto acquisition~~professional fees and the subsequent development and growth of the business unit SCI (i.e.: salary, stock-based compensation and future pipeline expenses), as well as from changes in a number of our traditional general and administrative expenses such as payroll, legal, insurance, audit and tax fees.

Salaries and benefit expenses increased by approximately $1.9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021. Of these expenses, approximately $1.0 million was related to salary and fringe benefits for new employees of Soluna Callisto in connectionother outside charges, offset with the October 2021 acquisition, as compared to no payroll expenses for SCI employees in the comparable period in 2021. It was noted that SCI had twenty-two employees as of September 30, 2022. Approximately $270 thousand was related to salary and fringe benefits for twelve SHI corporate employees as of September 30, 2022 compared to five SHI corporate employees in the comparable period in 2021. The Company saw increases in stock grants for the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021 by $604 thousand due to growth in Company’s headcount. The Company also incurred an increase in recruitment fees of $67 thousand in the three months ended September 30, 2022 due to the rapid growth of the Company’s operations. The increase in the salaries and benefits expenses is reflective of the addition of several functions and departments within the SCI organization and continued growth in corporate functions to support the expanding business line.

Legal fees increased by approximately $1.2 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021 due to legal expenses of approximately $785 thousand ininvestor relation to Project Dorothy, and increases of approximately $430 thousand in relation to general corporate matters with the growth of the business, corporate filings such as Current Reports on 8-K and Quarterly Reports on 10-Q filings, and preparation for the special meeting of the stockholders held in September 2022.

Consultant and professional service fees increased by approximately $309 thousand in the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021 due to valuations of complex transactions, advisory fees for complex accounting research matters, and pipeline development project costs, in which the Company involves multiple consultants to help build out future plans. Office and information and technology fees increased by $156 thousand in the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021, due to related to additional office expenses and software expenses. The Company incurred operations and management expenses paid to Soluna BC in the three months ended September 30, 2021 which was not paid for the three months ended September 30, 2022 for $575 thousand.

General and administrative expenses, exclusive of depreciation and amortization for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 increased by $9.3 million or 152%, to $15.4 million from $6.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. This increase was a result of expenses incurred in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 for which there was no comparable expense in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 for the SCI business unit. The expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 related to the hiring of new employees for the Soluna Callisto transactions (i.e.: salary, stock-based compensation and future pipeline expenses), as well as from changes in a number of our traditional general and administrative expenses.

Salaries, benefits, and other employee ~~related~~ expenses ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$4.7 million during~~approximately $281 thousand due to employee recruitment fees decreased by approximately $133 thousand as in the ~~nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to~~first quarter of 2023 as the ~~nine months ended September 30, 2021. Approximately $3.3 million related to salary and fringe benefits~~Company was actively recruiting for new employees ~~of Soluna Callisto in connection with~~for the ~~October 2021 acquisition and the subsequent hires,~~Company, as ~~compared to no payroll expenses associated with SCI~~well as there were no ~~employees~~bonus expenses for first three months of 2023, compared to having a bonus expense of $250 thousand for the ~~nine~~first three months ~~ended September 30, 2021. As~~ of September 30, 2022, SCI had twenty-two employees. Approximately $800 thousand related to additional hires for supporting a larger corporate organization for SHI including more accounting functionality, compliance2022. The decrease in salaries and ~~financial planning.~~

~~Stock-based compensation costs included $2.9 million and $1.4 million, respectively for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 related to grants~~benefits was slightly offset by an unfavorable cost of ~~restricted stock units and options granted to members of our board of directors, executives and employees.~~headcount changes by approximately $105 thousand.

Consulting and professional ~~services increased~~fees decreased by ~~$1.1 million during~~approximately $190 thousand for the ~~nine~~first three months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 compared to first three months ended March 31, 2022. This was due to public relations and marketing charges were stronger in the first quarter of 2022 by approximately $47 thousand as the Company was looking to grow and build out the market for the Soluna brand, whereas in the first quarter of 2023, the Company was looking to conserve marketing and public relation expenses. Also, consulting fees for various complex accounting transactions were higher for the first quarter of 2022 due to the accounting for the asset acquisition transaction and other valuations by approximately $60 thousand compared to the ~~nine months ended September 30, 2021 due to valuations~~first quarter of ~~complex transactions, advisory fees for complex accounting research matters, and pipeline development project costs, in which~~2023. Also, the Company ~~involves multiple consultants to help build out future plans.~~

~~Legal~~had approximately higher consulting fees ~~increased by approximately $1.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 due to legal expenses~~ of approximately ~~$785~~$80 thousand ~~in relation~~related to ~~Project Dorothy,~~executive fees related to business growth and ~~increases~~development of ~~approximately $300 thousand in relation to general corporate matters with~~ the ~~growth of the business, higher fees for annual filing and additional corporate filings such as 8Ks, and the special proxy meeting that was done in September 2022.~~

Insurance expenses increased by approximately $616 thousand during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 due to an increase in general business insurance and directors and officers insurance.

Audit and tax fees increased by $438 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 associated with increased fees for the fiscal year 2021 audit, as well as the nature of the Company’s operations changing from an instrumentation business to a cryptocurrency mining business.

~~Office and general information and technology expenses increased~~Other outside services decreased by approximately ~~$378~~$311 thousand ~~during~~for the ~~nine~~first three months ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 compared to the ~~nine~~first three months ended ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022, due to ~~an increase~~expenses that were incurred in ~~general office expense~~the first three months ended March 31, 2023 that were not incurred in the first three months ended March 31, 2022. Those costs included property tax advisors and ~~software expenses~~ERCOT market support fees of $88 thousand that were one-time costs in 2022, as well as the ~~company was working on developing~~Company cancelling services with two vendors that contributed $125 thousand of services in 2022, and ~~growing new technology~~lastly for the first quarter of 2022, the Company paid out one final charge of $50 thousand to ~~help build a stronger~~HEL to close out management and ~~more efficient internal infrastructure.~~operating services.

~~Board of directors expenses~~Investor relations increased by approximately ~~$164~~$294 thousand ~~during the nine~~for first three months ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 compared to March 31, 2022. This was due Company’s investment in investor reach out efforts, as well as expenses associated with the ~~nine months ended September 30, 2021 due to the addition of two board members~~Special Meeting held in ~~the fourth quarter of 2021 and an increase in board fees in the fiscal year 2022.~~March 2023.

The company incurred operations and management expenses paid to Soluna BC for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 which was not paid for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 for $819 thousand.

Depreciation and Amortization associated with general and administrative expenses: Depreciation and amortization expense was comparable for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and the three months ended March 31, 2022 in which the balances totaled approximately $2.4 million, ~~and $7.1 million, respectively, compared to $1 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. This increase was~~respectively. The balances mainly related to amortization expense ~~of approximately $2.4 million and $7.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively,~~ related to the strategic pipeline contract that was acquired in October ~~2021, as well as small increases in depreciation expenses related to general and administrative items.~~

~~Impairment on Equity Investment~~~~: During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company fully impaired the equity method investment of $750 thousand due to current projections with the equity investment in HEL.~~2021.

Impairment on Fixed Assets: During the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023 the Company concluded that there were impairment indicators on property, plant and equipment associated with the S-9 and L3 miners in storage. As a result, a quantitative impairment analysis was required as of September 30, 2022. As such, the Company reassessed its estimates and forecasts as of September 30, 2022, to determine the fair values of the S-9 and L3 miners held in storage. As a result of the analysis, as of September 30, 2022, the Company concluded the carrying amount of the property, plant and equipment associated with the S-9 and L3 miners exceeded its fair value, which resulted inhad impairment charges of ~~$1.1 million~~approximately $209 thousand in which related to impairment of approximately $166 thousand power supply units (PSUs) at their Sophie location and ~~$1.9 million~~$43 thousand for ~~the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. In addition,~~M31 miners in which were subsequently sold in April 2023, in which the Company assessed the active miners in operations and determined that based on Bitcoin pricing and other market factors, there has been a decline in the market value of the active miners in the Company’s operations. As a result, a quantitative impairment analysis was required as of September 30, 2022. It was determined based on the analysis, that the undiscounted cash flow with residual value was less thanwrote down the net book value ~~as of September 30, 2022, confirming the existence of a triggering event, and therefore required an~~to subsequent sale price. There were no impairment ~~to be recognized. Based on the fair value of the active miners compared to the net book value, the Company determined that an impairment of approximately $26.9 million to be recognized~~charges for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended September 30, 2022 in relation to active miners. The Company notes that if we had depreciated the active miners over 12 months, total depreciation expense would have been $21.9 million, and that it would have taken the Company approximately 15 months to depreciate the impairment costs recognized on the active miners.March 31, 2022.

Operating Loss: Operating loss increased ~~to $41.7 million and $57.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, from $936~~by $214 thousand and $3.0 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. This $40.8 million and $55.0 million loss increase for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, was theas a result of the ~~non-cash impairments~~factors noted above, which was decreases in revenue due to decline in Bitcoin and shutting down the Marie operations offset with decline in cost of revenue for depreciation and other utility and general costs of operations and expenses, in addition to the impairment of fixed assets and the equity investment, significant increases in general, and administrative expenses for items not incurred in the prior year related to the significant growth in the SCI operations, which led to increased revenue and costs in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.of $209 thousand.

Interest ~~Expense:~~expense: Interest expense for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 was $1.4 million and related to default and continuing interest expense relating to the NYDIG loan of approximately $377 thousand, interest and other charges of approximately $220 thousand for the promissory notes issued in January and February of 2023, and interest on amortization of warrants for the convertible debt of approximately $360 thousand, as well as default interest charged through March 10, 2023 for the convertible holders of approximately $420 thousand. Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was ~~$1.7~~$2.9 million and ~~$7.9 million, respectively. Interest expense~~ was primarily related to the ~~$1.2 million and $6.5~~$2.4 million of interest expense ~~for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively~~ in relation to the ~~October Secured Notes~~convertible notes issued onat the end of October ~~25,~~ 2021 and ~~certain~~ promissory notes issued in ~~each~~February and March of ~~February, March, and April 2022. Interest expense of $424~~2022, as well as $365 thousand ~~and $1.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively was also incurred under~~in interest expenses related to the NYDIG ~~facility. The Company did not incur any material interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.~~financing in January.

~~Loss~~Gain on Debt ~~Extinguishment and~~ Revaluation: ~~For~~During the ~~three and nine months ended September 30,~~third quarter of fiscal year 2022, the Company entered into the Addendum and Addendum Amendment in the which per guidance in ASC 470 the October Secured Notes were treated as a debt extinguishment in our ~~condensed~~ consolidated financial statements. The Company ~~incurred~~did a ~~loss on the~~ fair value ~~valuation~~assessment of ~~approximately $12.3 million.~~the Notes as of March 31, 2023 in which a gain on fair value revaluation of $473 thousand was recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The Company did not incur a ~~loss on~~debt extinguishment or revaluation of debt for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022. See Note 8.

Loss on Sale of Fixed Assets: The Company incurred a ~~$1.0 million and $2.6 million~~$78 thousand loss for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022, respectively,~~March 31, 2023 in connection with mainly the ~~disposal and~~ sale of their M20 and M21 miners in which contributed to a loss on sale of equipment of approximately $82 thousand in which they received proceeds of $213 thousand for their M20 and ~~equipment with~~M21 miners, in which had a net book value of ~~approximately $3.3 million and $5.4 million for~~$295 thousand prior to the ~~three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, which the Company received net~~sale. There were additional proceeds of ~~$2.35 million~~$36 thousand from sale on equipment in March 2023, in which resulted in a gain of approximately $3 thousand of scrap and ~~$2.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.~~other equipment. There were no such disposals ~~or sale of miners or~~on equipment for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022.

Income Tax ~~Benefit~~ (Expense) ~~from Continuing Operations:~~Benefit: Income tax benefit from continuing operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $547 thousand and $1.3 million, respectively, compared to an income tax expense from continuing operations of $0 and $3 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. The increase in income tax benefit for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 was $547 thousand. The balance related to deferred tax amortization impact of acquiring an asset in a transaction that is not a business combination when the amount paid exceeds the tax basis on the acquisition date. As such, the Company is required to adjust the value of the strategic contract pipeline by approximately $10.9 million at inception date on (October 29, 2021), in which was recorded as a deferred tax ~~liability. This~~liability and this amount will be amortized over the life of the asset. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and ~~nine months ended September 30,~~March 31, 2022, the Company amortized $547 thousand and $1.6 million, respectively. Income tax benefit from continuing operations was offset by a $295 thousand deferred tax expense incurred in the second quarter of 2022 related to increasing the Company’s valuation allowance associated with the deferred tax asset.thousand.

Net Loss from ~~Continuing Operations:~~continuing operations: Net loss from continuing operations for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 was ~~$56.1~~$7.4 million ~~and $79.4 million, respectively,~~ compared to a net loss ~~from continuing operations~~ of ~~$933 thousand and $3.0~~$9.1 million for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2021, respectively.~~March 31, 2022. The ~~increase in loss~~decrease for the ~~three and nine months ended September 30, 2022~~loss were the result of were the result of the factors noted above, ~~including expenses not~~in which the main differences related to lower interest expense incurred ~~in the prior year period, such as amortization expense for the strategic pipeline contract intangible, depreciation~~and gain on ~~miners installed, impairments on fixed assets, and~~ revaluation of debt, ~~and interest costs, utilities operating in~~offset with an impairment of fixed assets that didn’t occur for the three months ended March 31, 2022. As discussed above, the Company’s ~~two facilities in Kentucky, and noncash compensation expense related to equity awards, partially offset by increases in cryptocurrency mining revenue and data hosting revenue.~~operating loss was comparable between periods as noted above.

Net Income from ~~Discontinued Operations:~~discontinued operations: ~~As of September 30, 2022,~~The Company notes that discontinued operations held for sale relates to the Company’s MTI ~~Instruments business was reported as discontinued operations up to the date of the sale on April 11, 2022.~~Instrumentation business. Net ~~loss~~income from discontinued operations for the three months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2022 was ~~$21 thousand compared to net income of $323 thousand~~$226 thousand. The Company sold MTI Instruments in fiscal year 2022 and did not incur any additional gains or costs for the three months ended September 30, 2021 The $21 thousand loss for the third quarter of 2022 related to a net working capital adjustment for the gain on sale. For the nine months ended, the Company’s net income from discontinued operations was $7.7 million compared to $500 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. This was primarily due to the $7.6 million gain on the sale of MTI Instruments offset with MTI Instruments only having ten days of operations prior to the sale on April 11, 2022, in addition to fewer sales of higher margin products, incurred a loss for the ten days in April, compared to a period of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2023.

~~Consolidated~~ Net ~~Loss:~~(Loss) Income: ~~Consolidated net~~Net loss for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 was ~~$56.1~~$7.4 million ~~and $71.6 million, respectively,~~ compared to ~~consolidated~~ net loss of approximately ~~$610 thousand and $2.5~~$8.9 million compared to net loss of for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2021, respectively,~~March 31, 2022, primarily as a result of the factors noted above ~~as related to net loss from continuing~~with the losses incurred in continued operations as ~~the Company continues~~noted above with declines in revenue offset with declines in cost of sales and general and administrative expenses, in addition to ~~grow~~less interest expense incurred and ~~build out their operations for the future.~~a gain on revaluation of debt.

Net Loss attributable to non-controlling interest: Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 was ~~$272~~$370 thousand in relation to the Company’s DVSL entity. There was no comparable balance for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022.

In addition to financial measures calculated in accordance ~~with~~ U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“~~U.S.~~ GAAP”), we also use “Adjusted EBITDA.” Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure defined as net income (loss) from continuing operations before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“~~EBITDA”~~EDITDA”) adjusted to eliminate the effects of certain non-cash, non-recurring items, ~~that~~which do not reflect our ongoing strategic business operations. Management believes that Adjusted EBITDA results in a performance measurement that represents a key indicator of the Company’s business operations of cryptocurrency mining.

We believe Adjusted EBITDA can be an important financial measure because it allows management, investors, and ~~the~~our Board of Directors to evaluate and compare our operating results, including our return on capital and operating efficiencies, from period-to-period by making such adjustments. Non-GAAP financial measures are subject to material limitations as they are not in accordance with, or a substitute for, measurements prepared in accordance with ~~U.S.~~ GAAP. For example, we expect that stock-based compensation costs, which is excluded from the non-GAAP financial measures, will continue to be a significant recurring expense over the coming years and is an important part of the compensation provided to certain employees, officers, and directors. Similarly, we expect that depreciation and amortization of fixed assets will continue to be a recurring expense over the term of the useful life of the assets.

Adjusted EBITDA is provided in addition to, and should not be considered to be a substitute for, or superior to net income, the comparable measure calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Further, Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to revenue growth, net income, diluted earnings per share or any other performance measure calculated in accordance with ~~U.S.~~ GAAP, or as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities as a measure of our liquidity. Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider such measures either in isolation or as substitutes for analyzing our results as reported under ~~U.S.~~ GAAP.

Reconciliations of Adjusted EBITDA to net income from continuing operations, the most comparable ~~U.S.~~ GAAP financial metric, for historical periods are presented in the table below:

~~Stock-based~~Stock based compensation costs ~~were approximately $635~~represented $687 thousand non-cash restricted stock units and ~~$2.0 million~~$192 thousand non-cash stock options for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 to members of our Board of Directors and certain Company employees compared to non-cash restricted stock units of $735 thousand to members of our Board of Directors and certain Company employees for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and non-cash stock options of approximately ~~$130 thousand and $280~~$220 thousand for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, related to grants of restricted stock units to members of the Board and employees, and approximately $200 thousand and $765 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to approximately $200 thousand and $1.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, related to grants of stock options. Stock-based compensation costs to consultants were $53 thousand and $121 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $0 and $49 thousand and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively.

The exchange registration expenses related to non-recurring expenses of approximately $189 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 associated with the Company’s reincorporation in Nevada in March 2021 and the related special meeting of stockholders we held on March 25, 2021 to approve the reincorporation and the adoption of the 2021 Stock Incentive Plan. In addition, the Company incurred approximately $104 thousand in fees related to the initial listing of its common stock on Nasdaq and associated legal expenses in connection with the Company’s initial listing and registration matters for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. There were no comparable exchange registration expenses related for the nine months ended September 30,31, 2022.

Several key indicators of our liquidity are summarized in the following ~~table:~~table :

(Dollars in thousands)	Nine Months Ended or As of			Nine Months Ended or As of			Year Ended or As of			Three Months Ended or as of			Three Months Ended or As of			Year Ended or As of
	September 30,			September 30,			December 31,			March 31,			March 31,			December 31,
	2022			2021			2021			2023			2022			2022
Cash	$	1,083		$	15,817		$	10,258		$	4,553		$	2,827		$	1,136
Restricted cash											493			-			685
Working capital		(21,427	)		18,322			9,299			(17,218	)		(10,120	)		(24,874	)
Net loss from continuing operations		(79,379	)		(2,952	)		(6,388	)		(7,432	)		(9,132	)		(107,016	)
Net income from discontinued operations		7,751			500			1,127			-			226			7,921
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities		(5,121	)		2,381			4,635			(3,053	)		801			(6,118	)
Net cash provided by operating activities- discontinued operations		369			496			917
Purchases of property, plant and equipment		(61,867	)		(17,632	)		(45,792	)
Cash dividends distributed on preferred stock		(3,852	)		(176	)		(630	)
Net cash provided by operating activities for discontinued operations											-			510			369
Purchase of property, plant and equipment											(860	)		(25,438	)		(63,684	)
Cash dividends paid on preferred stock											-			(749	)		(3,852	)

The Company has historically incurred significant losses primarily due to our past efforts to fund direct methanol fuel cell product development and commercialization programs, and most recently with the Company’s operations in cryptocurrency mining.

The Company had a consolidated accumulated deficit of approximately ~~$194.4~~$228.8 million as ~~of September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023. As of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, the Company had negative working capital of approximately ~~$21.4~~$17.2 million, a line of credit outstanding of ~~$650~~$135 thousand, ~~$13.3~~$11.6 million outstanding principal in notes payable that may be converted to common stock, and ~~received additional~~a subsidiary of the Company that defaulted on equipment financing ~~for up to $14.6 million, of which $6.5 million was~~and has a current ~~liability.~~outstanding loan of $7.2 million, and $600 thousand outstanding in principal for promissory notes. The Company had outstanding commitments as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023, related to SCI for ~~$0.9~~$0.2 million in capital expenditures, and approximately ~~$1.1~~$4.6 million of cash available to fund its operations.

Based on business developments, including changes in production levels, staffing requirements, and network infrastructure improvements, we will require additional capital equipment in the foreseeable future. With the Company’s shift in focus of the business, and the sale of the MTI Instruments business that occurred in April 2022, the Company has now exited the instrumentation business and is focused on developing and monetizing green, zero-carbon computing and cryptocurrency mining ~~facilities.~~facilities, as well as facilities capable of hosting customers engaged in cryptocurrency mining.

~~As we have done historically, we expect~~We plan to continue funding operations from our current cash position and our projected ~~2022~~2023 cash flows pursuant to management’s plans. If necessary, we may also seek to supplement our resources by increasing credit facilities to fund operational working capital and capital expenditure requirements. We expect to fund growth, ~~(additional cryptocurrency mining facilities~~including additional development and ~~miners)~~build-outs of data centers through project-level capital ~~raise~~raising and equity sale activities, to the extent that we can successfully raise capital through sales of additional debt or equity ~~securities.~~securities, as well as a variety of project specific funding options. Any additional financing, if required, may not be available to us on acceptable terms or not at all.

As shown in the accompanying financial statements, the Company did not generate sufficient revenue to generate net income and has negative working capital as of ~~September 30, 2022. In addition, the Company has seen a decline in the price of Bitcoin, which could have material and negative impacts to our operations.~~March 31, 2023. These factors, among others, ~~may~~ indicate that there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after issuance of the condensed financial statements as of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, or ~~November 14, 2022.~~May 15, 2023.

Further, various macroeconomic factors could adversely affect our business and the results of our operations and financial condition, including changes in inflation, interest rates and overall economic conditions. For instance, inflation could negatively impact the Company by increasing our labor costs, through higher wages and higher interest rates. If inflation or other factors were to significantly increase our business costs, our ability to develop our current projects may be negatively affected. Interest rates, the liquidity of the credit markets and the volatility of the capital markets could also affect the operation of our business and our ability to raise capital in order to fund our operations. If our revenue estimates are off either in timing or amount, or if cash generated from operations is insufficient to satisfy the operational working capital and capital expenditure requirements, the Company plans to implement additional steps to ensure liquidity including, but not limited to, the deferral of planned capital spending and/or delaying existing or pending product development ~~initiatives, or~~initiatives; alternatively, the Company may be required to obtain credit facilities or other loans, if available, to fund these initiatives. However, the Company is actively monitoring this situation and the possible effects on our financial condition, liquidity, operations, suppliers, and the industry.

Net cash used in operations for continuing operations was approximately $3.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The Company had a net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2023 of $7.4 million. Non-cash items included $632 thousand of depreciation expense and $2.4 million of amortization expenses, as well as amortization on discount on notes payable of approximately $500 thousand, $879 thousand of stock compensation expenses, and $209 thousand of impairment of fixed assets. These non-cash items were offset with a deferred tax benefit of $547 thousand and revaluation gain on debt of $473 thousand. The change in asset and liabilities of $675 thousand related to increase in accounts payable of $1.4 million in which Spring Lane made noncash contributions to pay off approximately $1.1 million that was outstanding as of December 31, 2022, offset by increases in other long term liabilities related to electricity deposits to Western Kentucky and Washington state, and a decrease in deferred revenue of $453 thousand in which the balance had been written off as of March 31,2023. The other changes in assets and liabilities were not material.

Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations was approximately ~~$5.1 million for~~$800 thousand during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2022. Cash was ~~used in~~provided from operations by a net loss ~~from continuing operations~~ of ~~$79.4~~$9.1 million, less non-cash items of ~~$75.9~~$9.5 million, consisting primarily of ~~$23.0~~$6.7 million of amortization and depreciation expense for the year for the intangible asset acquired ~~in 2021~~ and significant additions in fixed assets, approximately ~~$2.8 million~~$950 thousand in stock-based compensation expense, ~~$2.6 million in loss on sale of fixed assets, $28.8 million in impairment of fixed assets, $750 thousand for impairment on equity investment, $12.3 million on loss on debt extinguishment~~ and ~~revaluation, and $6.7~~$2.4 million for amortization onof deferred financing costs and discount on notes payables issued during the year, offset with ~~$1.3 million~~approximately $547 thousand in deferred ~~income~~ tax benefits. The change in asset and liabilities of ~~$1.6 million~~$380 thousand consisted ~~primarily~~primary of an increase in accounts payable and a decrease of accounts receivable of ~~$1.5~~$1.6 million offset by $1.2 million with increases in prepaids and other ~~incremental adjustments for the other asset~~assets, and ~~liability accounts.~~a decrease in accrued liabilities.

Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations was $2.4 million thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Cash was consumed from operations by a net loss of $3.0 million, less $381 thousand of depreciation, $1.4 million of stock-based compensation expense, and $121 thousand for amortization of the Company’s operating lease assets. The change in assets and liabilities of $4.0 million was mainly due to increases of accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $4.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2022, offset by an increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets and other long-term assets of $1.4 million.

Net cash provided by operating activities from discontinued operations was $369 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $4 thousand for net cash used in operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. The relative changes in assets and liabilities were comparable between the two periods.

Net cash used in investing activities ~~from continuing operations~~ during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 was approximately $435 thousand consisting mainly of capital expenditures of $860 thousand less cash proceeds from sale of equipment and $200 thousand net change in deposits on equipment. Net cash used in investing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2022 was approximately ~~$53.0~~$28 million ~~compared to 23.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we had $61.9~~which mainly consisted of $25.4 million worth of capital expenditures ~~less~~and a net change ~~in deposits on equipment~~ of ~~$6.4~~$2.6 million ~~and $2.5 million in proceeds from the sale of equipment. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we had $17.6 million in capital expenditures and $5.6 million additions for net change~~ in deposits on equipment.

Net cash provided by investing activities from discontinued operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was approximately $9.0 million compared to net cash used in investing activities from discontinued operations of $37 thousand during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The change represented the net cash proceeds from the sale of MTI Instruments of $9.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Net cash provided by financing activities was approximately ~~$39.6~~$6.7 million during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, which consisted ~~primarily~~ of ~~$14.7 million in~~cash contributions for non-controlling interest of approximately $6.0 million. The Company also received net proceeds from ~~the sale~~debt issuances of ~~Series A and Series B Preferred Stock and $23.4 million in net proceeds from notes and short-term debt issuances. Proceeds~~$900 thousand less costs of ~~$779 thousand were also received in relation to common stock warrant exercises.~~$215 thousand. During the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2022, the Company made cash dividend payments of approximately $3.8 million to holders of its Series A Preferred Stock. Also, in the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company had a contribution of $4.3 million from its non-controlling interest in DVSL. In the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company’s net cash provided by financing activities ~~of $33.6~~was approximately $19.3 million, which consisted of ~~primarily of $15.4~~the preferred stock raises that totaled approximately $1.0 million ofin net proceeds. The Company also received proceeds from a ~~common stock capital raise in April 2021~~notes and ~~$18.3~~debt issuance of $19.8 million less costs associated of ~~net proceeds from preferred stock capital raises in August~~$620 thousand and ~~December 2021.~~

On June 9, 2022, we entered into an At-the-Market Issuance Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with Univest Securities, LLC (“Univest”) pursuant to which we may sell, at our option, up to an aggregatemade principal payments of $10 million in shares of Series A Preferred Stock, with a $25.00 liquidation preference per share (the “ATM Shares”) through Univest, as sales agent. Sales of the ATM Shares made pursuant to the Sales Agreement, if any, will be made under the Company’s previously filed and currently effective shelf Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-261427) and related prospectus supplement thereto. Prior to any sales under the Sales Agreement, the Company will deliver a placement notice to Univest that will set the parameters for such sale of the ATM Shares, including the number of ATM Shares to be sold, the time period during which sales are requested to be made, any limitation$980 thousand on the number of ATM Shares that may be sold in any one trading day and any minimum price below which sales may not be made. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement, Univest may sell the ATM Shares, if any, only by methods deemed to be an “at the market” offering as defined in Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) including, without limitation, sales made directly through the Nasdaq or any other trading market on which the ATM Shares are listed or quoted or to or through a market maker. In addition, subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement, with the Company’s prior written consent, Univest may also sell ATM Shares by any other method permitted by law, or as may be required by the rules and regulations of Nasdaq or such other trading market on which the Company’s common stock is listed or quoted, including, but not limited to, in negotiated transactions. Univest will use commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices to sell the ATM Shares in accordance with the terms of the Sales Agreement and any applicable placement notice.NYDIG debt. The Company ~~cannot provide any assurances that Univest will sell any ATM Shares pursuant~~also exercised warrants totaling approximately $738 thousand. The Company also made cash dividend payments to ~~the Sales Agreement. No ATM Shares have been sold pursuant to the Sales Agreement as~~preferred stockholders of ~~September 30, 2022.~~around $749 thousand.

On September 15, 2021, the Company entered into a $1.0 million unsecured line of credit with KeyBank National Association (“KeyBank”), that will, among other things, allow the Company to request loans and to use the proceeds of such loans for working capital and other general corporate ~~purposes.~~purposes (the “KeyBank facility”). The line of credit bears interest at a rate of Prime + 0.75% per annum ~~(6.25%~~(8.5% interest rate as of ~~September 30, 2022)~~March 31, 2023). Accrued interest is due monthly and principal is due in full following KeyBank’s demand. As of ~~December 31, 2021,~~January 1, 2022, the entire line of credit of $1.0 million was drawn and outstanding. As of ~~September 30, 2022, $350~~March 31, 2023 $865 thousand of the ~~line~~original $1.0 million outstanding balance has been paid down; therefore ~~$650~~$135 thousand of the amount drawn under the line of credit ~~remains~~remained outstanding. The Company has been repaying a weekly ~~$25 thousand of~~ principal on the KeyBank facility each week since the beginning of September 2022. The Company does not plan to draw down on the line of credit in the foreseeable future. In addition, future ~~drawdown~~drawdowns may require pre-approval by KeyBank.

On October 25, 2021, the Company issued to certain ~~institution~~institutional investors secured convertible notes in the aggregate principal amount of approximately $16.3 million for an aggregate purchase price of $15.0 million. The notes are convertible, subject to certain conditions, at any time at the option of the investors, into an aggregate of 1,776,073 shares of the Company’s common stock. On July 19, 2022, the Company entered into the Addendum with the Noteholders to amend the terms the October Secured Notes. Pursuant to the Addendum, a portion of the October Secured Notes would be converted and may be redeemed in three tranches, with each tranche of $1,100,000 required to be converted into common stock in each case at the then in effect conversion price of the October Secured Notes, with such price, prior to each conversion, to be reduced (but not increased) to a 20% discount to the 5-day VWAP of the Company’s common stock. In addition, the Noteholders may require the Company to redeem up to $2,200,000 worth of October Secured Notes in connection with each tranche at a rate of $1.20 for every $1.00 owed, less the amount of October Secured Notes converted during such tranche, not including the required conversion amount if the Noteholders are unable to convert out of such amount of the October Secured Notes in each tranche. The Company is also required to deposit up to $1,950,000 in an escrow account in connection with each tranche to satisfy any redemptions, except with respect to the first tranche as provided in the Addendum Amendment. The Addendum also provides the right for the Company to pause the commencement of the conversion of the second and third tranches each for 45 days in the event the Company pursues an equity financing. Since inception, the Company has converted down approximately $3.8 million on the convertible debt. On September 13, 2022, the Company entered into the Addendum Amendment with the Noteholders to amend the terms to extend the maturity date to April ~~15,~~25, 2023, and increase the principal amount of the October Secured Notes by approximately $520 thousand for a total outstanding principal amount of approximately $13 million.The events of default stated in the Notice of Acceleration and Repossession defined below with NYDIG constituted a cross-default under the terms of secured convertible notes issued to the Noteholders. In addition to such cross-default, the failure of the Company pursuant to the Addendum dated as of July 19, 2022, to escrow an aggregate amount of $950,000 for the benefit of the Noteholders by December 21, 2022, constitutes an event of default under the Notes. Due to the defaults noted, the Company did not enter into the second and third tranche of conversions. As such, beginning on November 30, 2022, the Company had been accruing interest of 18% per annum on the outstanding principal amount due to the default. On March 10, 2023, the Company entered into a Second Addendum Amendment with the Noteholders, in which the Company paid approximately $617 thousand through the Company’s restricted escrow accounts and contemporaneously with the payment, the Noteholders waived all existing events of default arising under the convertible notes. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Noteholders have converted approximately $1.4 million of the convertible notes and have an outstanding principal balance outstanding of approximately $11.6 million as of March 31, 2023. On May 11, 2023, the Company entered into a Second Amendment Agreement with the holders of its October Secured Notes to extend the maturity date of the October Secured Notes to July 25, 2024. The October Secured Notes were originally due April 25, 2023 which was subsequently extended to May 25, 2023 to provide additional time to negotiate the terms of the Second Amendment Agreement.

In connection with the Second Amendment Agreement, the Company paid an extension fee of $250,000 and increased the principal amount of the outstanding October Secured Notes by 14%. The Company also issued 6,000,000 new Class A warrants exercisable at $0.50 and 2,000,000 new Class B warrants exercisable at $0.80.

On January 14, 2022, the Company effected an initial drawdown under the Master Equipment Finance Agreement with NYDIG in the aggregate principal amount of approximately $4.6 million that bore interest at 14%. On January 26, 2022, the Company had a subsequent drawdown of $9.6 million. ~~Refer~~On December 20, 2022, Soluna MC Borrowing 2021-1 LLC (“Borrower”) received a Notice of Acceleration and Repossession (the “NYDIG Notice”) from NYDIG with respect to ~~Footnote 8~~the Master Agreement, by and between Borrower and NYDIG. The obligations of Borrower under the Master Agreement and reflected in the NYDIG Notice are ring-fenced to Borrower and its direct parent company, Soluna MC LLC. The Company is not a party to any guaranty, collateral agreement or other support agreement with or for the ~~breakout~~benefit of ~~current and long term portion outstanding~~NYDIG. As such, the principal balance of $10.5 million as of ~~September 30, 2022.~~December 31, 2022 became due immediately and the Borrower shall bear interest, at a rate per annum equal to 2.0% plus the rate per annum otherwise applicable to such obligations set forth in the Master Agreement. As of March 31, 2023, the Borrower incurred accrued interest and penalty of approximately $651 thousand.

On May 3, 2022, SCI entered into the Contribution Agreement with Spring Lane, pursuant to which Spring Lane agreed, pursuant to the terms and conditions of such agreement, to the Spring Lane Commitment. We anticipate that these capital contributions, once deployed into the projects, will help develop up to three behind-the-meter (BTM) projects designed to convert wasted renewable energy into clean computing services such as ~~bitcoin~~Bitcoin mining and artificial intelligence. The Contribution Agreement outlines the framework for the Spring Lane Commitment; however, neither we nor Spring Lane are obligated to complete any projects under such agreement and any actual capital contributions are subject to various conditions precedent, including the receipt of requisite lender and other consents, acceptance by Spring Lane of specific projects and negotiations of agreements regarding those projects, including milestones and structure. In partial consideration of the amendment to the October notes discussed above, the investors agreed to release certain collateral covered by their security agreement to permit the Company to proceed forward with the initial first 25 MW phase of Project Dorothy, which ~~we expect to be partially~~has been extensively funded by Spring Lane, which the Company expects to complete in the near future. On August 5, 2022, the Company entered into the Dorothy Contribution Agreement with Spring Lane for an initial funding of up to $12.5 million for Project Dorothy.SCI completed a final tranche of a series of project-level agreements for $7.5 million on March 10, 2023 of capital to fund the first 25 MW of

Project Dorothy and corporate expenses from funds managed by Spring Lane Capital. Concurrently with the Sale for $7.5 million, the Company, Spring Lane, Devco and the Project Company entered into (a) the Fourth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of the Project Company, dated as of March 10, 2023, which is an amendment and restatement of the Third Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of the Project Company dated as of March 3, 2023, and (b) the Amended and Restated Contribution Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2023 an amendment and restatement of the Contribution Agreement dated as of August 5, 2022. The Fourth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement provides for certain updates in respect of Spring Lane’s majority ownership. The Amended and Restated Contribution Agreement reflects updated pro rata member funding percentages as a result of the Sale as well as updated contribution caps for each of the Company and Spring Lane.

On May 9, 2023, the Company entered into an investment partnership with Navitas for its Project Dorothy 1B data center in Texas. The proprietary-mining focused partnership brings Navitas into Project Dorothy 1B as an investor and equity partner. Navitas will provide investment capital for the final stages of the infrastructure build out of Project Dorothy 1B and 25 MW of Bitcoin miners. Navitas has initially contributed $4.5 million for a 26.5% ownership in Dorothy 1B, and has a commitment of approximately $10.8 million in cash for the purchase of proprietary mining equipment. Once the funding is completed, Navitas will have a 49% membership interest in Project Dorothy 1B. The deal also includes a 2 year $2.0 million loan to complete construction. Soluna will provide operations and maintenance expertise and will remain an owner of 51% of Dorothy 1B.

The above discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with ~~U.S. GAAP.~~accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Note 2, Accounting Policies, to the consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 includes a summary of our most significant accounting policies. There have been no material changes to the critical accounting policies previously disclosed in our Annual ~~Report.~~Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and related disclosure of assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to revenue recognition, income taxes, fair value measurements, and stock-based compensation. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Periodically, our management reviews our critical accounting estimates with the Audit Committee of ~~the Board.~~

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Exchange ~~Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).~~Act. Any statements contained in this Form 10-Q that are not statements of historical fact may be forward-looking statements. When we use the words “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plans,” “projects,” “continuing,” “ongoing,” “expects,” “management believes,” “we believe,” “we intend,” “should,” “could,” “may,” “will” and similar words or phrases, we are identifying forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding:

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. You should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. We assume no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions, or changes in other factors affecting forward-looking information, except to the extent required by applicable securities laws. If we do update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be drawn that we will make additional updates with respect to those or other forward-looking statements.

~~Known Trends, Events and~~ ~~Uncertainties~~Factors Expected to Affect Our Future Results

We expect our revenues to comprise a combination of: (i) block rewards in Bitcoin, which are fixed rewards programmed into the Bitcoin software that are awarded to a miner or a group of miners for solving the cryptographic problem required to create a new block on a given blockchain and (ii) transaction fees in Bitcoin, which are flexible fees earned for verifying transactions in support of the ~~blockchain.~~blockchain and (iii) hosting revenues whereby the Company provides electrical power and network connectivity to cryptocurrency mining customers, and the customers pay a stated amount and rate.

~~Block~~Our revenues are directly impacted by changes in the market value of Bitcoin. For example, the average Bitcoin price for 2020 and 2021 was $11,057 and $47,385, respectively. Bitcoin price generally declined throughout 2022. As of December 31, 2022, the price of Bitcoin was $16,526. Although the price of Bitcoin has increased to $28,478 as of March 31, 2023, that is significantly less than the price of Bitcoin of $45,539 as of March 31, 2022. Furthermore, block rewards are fixed, and the Bitcoin network is designed to periodically reduce them through halving. Currently the block rewards are fixed at 6.25 Bitcoin per block, and it is estimated that it will halve again to 3.125 Bitcoin in ~~March~~April 2024. The halving events happen without any regard to ongoing demand, meaning that if the ongoing demand remains the same after a halving event, whatever demand was being met by new supply will be restricted, which may necessitate an adjustment of the price of Bitcoin, though there is no definitive evidence of a causal link between Bitcoin’s programmatic decrease in supply and broadening demand. Once the halving occurs, we expect that it could have a negative impact on our revenues as the reward for each Bitcoin mines will be reduced.

Bitcoin miners also collect transaction fees for each transaction they confirm. Miners validate unconfirmed transactions by adding the previously unconfirmed transactions to new blocks in the blockchain. Miners are not forced to confirm any specific transaction, but they are economically incentivized to confirm valid transactions as a means of collecting fees. Miners have historically accepted relatively low transaction confirmation fees, because miners have a very low marginal cost of validating unconfirmed transactions; however, unlike the fixed block rewards, transaction fees may vary, depending on the consensus set within the network.

As the use of the Bitcoin network expands and the total number of Bitcoin available to mine and, thus, the block rewards, declines over time, we expect the mining incentive structure to transition to a higher reliance on transaction confirmation fees, and the transaction fees to become a larger proportion of the revenues to miners.

~~The COVID-19 Pandemic and Related Economic Conditions~~ These changes could have an indirect effect on our revenues from hosted customers engaging in cryptocurrency mining.

In response to the COVID-19 global pandemic, the Company has implemented procedures to support flexible working arrangements for our workforce based on business needs. While these measures have been necessary and appropriate, they may result in additional costs and may adversely impact the Company’s business and financial performance. As the Company’s response to the pandemic evolves, the Company may incur additional costs and will potentially experience adverse impacts to our business, each of which are uncertain at this time.

Further, various macroeconomic factors could adversely affect our business and the results of our operations and financial condition, including changes in inflation, interest rates and overall economic conditions. For instance, the continuing armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine and inflation have caused an unstable economic environment globally, which could negatively impact the Company by increasing our labor costs, through higher wages and higher interest rates, among others. If inflation or other factors were to significantly increase our business costs, our ability to develop our current projects may be negatively affected. Interest rates, the liquidity of the credit markets and the volatility of the capital markets could also affect the operation of our business and our ability to raise capital in order to fund our operations.

The certifications of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officers are attached as Exhibits 31.1 and 31.2 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, in paragraph 4 of such certification, information concerning our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. Such certification should be read in conjunction with the information contained in this Item 4 for a more complete understanding of the matters covered by such certification.

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of ~~our~~SHI’s disclosure controls and procedures as of ~~September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the ~~SEC~~U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s (the “SEC”) rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including ~~our~~its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. We recognize that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and we necessarily apply our judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on ~~this~~the evaluation of our ~~management~~disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2023, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were ~~not~~ effective at the reasonable assurance ~~level as of September 30, 2022, due to the following material weakness:~~

Notwithstanding the existence of this material weakness, management has concluded that the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2022 are fairly stated in all material respects in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America.

Our Board of Directors and management take internal control over financial reporting and the integrity of our financial statements seriously. Management continues to work to improve its controls related to our material weaknesses. The remediation actions include: (i) enhancing design and documentation related to complex transactions and control activities, and (ii) developing robust review procedures to ensure the proper recording and reporting the complex transactions, specifically for those incurred at the end of reporting periods due to the limited time available for analyzing, processing, recording and reporting. To ~~achieve the timely implementation of the above, management has commenced the following actions and will continue to assess additional opportunities for remediation on an ongoing basis:~~

We cannot provide any assurance that these remediation efforts will be successful or that our internal control over financial reporting will be effective as a result of these efforts. In addition, we continue to evaluate and work to improve our internal control over financial reporting related to the identified material weakness, management may determine to take additional measures to address control deficiencies or determine to modify the remediation plan described above.level.

We are taking the remedial actions described above and expect to implement them prior to December 31, 2022. Other than the changes for our control procedures around complex transactions in which we plan to remediate above, thereThere have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act, during our fiscal quarter ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial ~~reporting~~reporting..

At any point in time, we may be involved in various lawsuits or other legal proceedings. Such lawsuits could arise from the sale of products or services or from other matters relating to our regular business activities, compliance with various governmental regulations and requirements, or other transactions or circumstances.

We have been named as a party in the December 19, 2019 United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) Demand Letter regarding the Malta Rocket Fuel Area Superfund Site (“Site”) located in Malta and Stillwater, New York, in connection with an alleged release of hazardous materials into the environment. The EPA is seeking reimbursement of response costs from all named parties in the amount of approximately $358 thousand plus interest in connection with the investigation and disposal activities associated with the various drum caches discovered at the Site, issuance of the Explanation of Significant Differences (“ESD”) of the Site, and implementation of the work contemplated by the ESD. We consider the likelihood of a material adverse outcome with respect to this matter to be remote and do not currently anticipate that any expense or liability that we may incur as a result of this matter in the future will be material to the Company’s business or financial condition. ~~Further, we are not presently involved~~

NYDIG filed a complaint against Soluna MC Borrowing 2021-1 LLC (“Borrower”) and Soluna MC LLC (“Guarantor”, and together with Borrower, “Defendants”) in Marshall Circuit Court of the Commonwealth of Kentucky on December 29, 2022 regarding a series of loans made by NYDIG to Borrower pursuant to a master equipment finance agreement that were secured by certain assets of Borrower and guaranteed by Guarantor pursuant to a written guaranty agreement executed by Guarantor. The Court issued on February 15, 2023, an agreed order granting NYDIG’s motion for writ of possession which, among other things, ordered parties to provide NYDIG access to the collateral described therein and preserved the rights of NYDIG to pursue a deficiency judgment against the Defendants. Also on February 15, 2023, the Defendants filed their answer and affirmative defenses in this proceeding. The Defendants believe that NYDIG has liquidated some of the collateral securing the loans and anticipate that NYDIG will complete the liquidation of collateral and continue to prosecute the complaint to obtain a judgment against the Defendants. Additionally, NDYIG has stated its intention to pursue SCI, the parent company of Guarantor, under a piercing of the corporate veil claim relating to Defendants’ debts and liabilities under the loan documents. SCI denies any ~~other litigation that we believe is likely, individually or~~such liability and has filed a complaint for a declaratory judgment against NYDIG in the ~~aggregate,~~Eighth Judicial District Court in Clark County, Nevada on March 16, 2023, seeking a declaratory judgment as to ~~have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.~~such matter.

Part II, Item 1A (Risk Factors) of our most recently filed Annual Report on Form 10-K with the SEC, filed on March 31, 2023, sets forth information relating to important risks and uncertainties that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results. Except as to the risk factors set forth below and to the extent that information disclosed elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q relates to such risk factors (including, without limitation, the matters described in Part I, Item 2 (Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Statement Concerning Forward Looking Statements) ~~and as set forth below,~~, there have been no material changes to our risk factors disclosed in our most recently filed Annual ~~Report.~~Report on Form 10-K. Those risk factors continue to be relevant to an understanding of our business, financial condition and operating results, however, and, accordingly, you should review and consider such risk factors in making any investment decision with respect to our securities.

~~Our inability or failure to access power sources to provide adequate energy to our facilities and operations would materially impact our operations.~~

Our cryptocurrency mining operations require significant amounts of energy, and the lack of a power supply agreement and inability to access power sources could result in our inability to obtain adequate power needed for our cryptocurrency mining operations. Unless and until we were able to obtain such power directly from power suppliers, such would result in a significant interruption to our business. We may also incur significant costs associated with negotiating and entering into power supply agreements to provide power to our facilities, and with setting up corresponding infrastructure to receive such power directly. Further, there can be no assurances that we would be able to enter into power supply agreements with power suppliers, or negotiate power supply agreements on favorable terms to us.

~~We may undertake cost-reduction initiatives to reduce our expenses and to better align our expenses with our business.~~

In order to reduce our expenses and better align our expenses with our business, we may take one or more measures, including but not limited to, a reduction in personnel, restructuring initiatives and a reduction in other expenditures. These expense reduction measures may yield unintended consequences and costs, such as the loss of institutional knowledge and expertise, attrition beyond our intended reduction-in-force, lowered morale among our remaining employees, and the risk that we may not achieve the anticipated benefits of such cost-saving measures, all of which may have an adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. We may also discover that the reductions in workforce and other cost-cutting measures may make it difficult for us to pursue new opportunities and initiatives and require us to hire qualified replacement personnel, which may require us to incur additional and unanticipated costs and expenses. There can be no assurances that any cost-saving initiatives we may take will be successful in reducing our expenses.

Our obligations under the October Secured Notes are secured by substantially all of our assets, and if we default on those obligations, the holders of the October Secured Notes could foreclose on our assets. As a result of these security interests, such assets would only be available to satisfy claims of our general creditors or to holders of our equity securities if we were to become insolvent at a time when the value of such assets exceeded the amount of our indebtedness and other obligations.

On October 20, 2021, we entered into the October SPA with the Noteholders, and issued, upon closing of the offering on October 25, 2021, the October Secured Notes in the aggregate principal amount of $16,304,348 for an aggregate purchase price of $15 million to the Noteholders. The Noteholders have a security interest in substantially all of our assets pursuant to the October Secured Notes. As a result, if we default under our obligations to the Noteholders, the Noteholders could foreclose on their security interests and liquidate some or all of these assets, which would harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. The outstanding principal amount of the October Secured Notes as of November 9, 2022, was $13,006,022.

In the event of a default, the Noteholders would have a prior right to substantially all of our assets to the exclusion of our general creditors. In that event, our assets would first be used to repay in full all indebtedness and other obligations secured by the Noteholders, resulting in all or a portion of our assets being unavailable to satisfy the claims of any unsecured indebtedness. Only after satisfying the claims of any unsecured creditors would any amount be available for our equity holders. These events of default include, among other things, our failure to pay any amounts due under the October Secured Notes and the October SPA, including any amendments thereto, a breach of covenants or obligations under the October Secured Notes and the October SPA, our insolvency, a material adverse effect occurring, the occurrence of certain defaults under certain other indebtedness or certain final judgments against us.

The pledge of these assets and other restrictions may limit our flexibility in raising capital for other purposes. Because substantially all of our assets are pledged under October Secured Notes, our ability to incur additional secured indebtedness or to sell or dispose of assets to raise capital may be impaired, which could have an adverse effect on our financial flexibility.

In addition, following an event of default under the October Secured Notes, the Noteholders will have the right to declare all outstanding borrowings under the October Secured Notes, together with accrued interest and other amounts payable thereunder, to be immediately due and payable in cash. If the debt under the October Secured Notes was to be accelerated, we cannot assure you that our assets would be sufficient to repay in full our debt.

~~Our outstanding debt obligations may adversely affect our cash flow and our ability to operate our business.~~

As of November 9, 2022, we had the principal balance remaining of approximately $13.0 million on the October Secured Notes, approximately $9.9 million under the Master Equipment Finance Agreement, dated as of December 30, 2021, as amended, by and between Soluna MC Borrowing 2021-1 LLC, our indirect wholly owned subsidiary, and NYDIG as lender, servicer and collateral agent, and we had the principal balance remaining of $500,000 under an unsecured line of credit we entered into with KeyBank on September 15, 2021, of which accrued interest is due monthly, and principal is due in full following the lender’s demand. We have agreed to repay $25,000 of principal under the KeyBank facility each week. Under the NYDIG facility, we, through Soluna MC Borrowing 2021-1 LLC, are required to make average monthly principal and interest payments of approximately $730,000 on initial drawdown in aggregate principal amount of approximately $4.6 million bearing interest at 14%, and a subsequent drawdown of $9.6 million. Although we are currently in discussions with NYDIG to potentially modify the repayment schedule under the NYDIG Facility, and for the month of September 2022, made interest-only payments which has delayed our future monthly principal and interest payments by one month each, there is no assurance that we will be able to modify the repayment schedule under the NYDIG Facility. Pursuant to the terms of October Secured Notes, on April 25, 2023, the maturity date of the October Secured Notes, to the extent the October Secured Notes are not converted, the October Secured Notes are payable in full. Additionally, pursuant to the Addendum and the Addendum Amendment, we are required to hold certain funds in escrow for conversion or redemption of the October Secured Notes in tranches. We may be unable to repay the outstanding debt obligations. Such failure to repay the outstanding debt obligations could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.

The terms of our October Secured, the NYDIG facility and the KeyBank facility could have negative consequences to us, including but not limited to limiting our to obtain additional financing to fund working capital, operating losses, capital expenditures or acquisitions on terms acceptable to us, or at all, limiting the amount of cash we have to operate our business, reducing the number of authorized and unissued shares of our common stock available for issuance, including in subsequent equity financings, in the event the Noteholders elect to convert the October Secured Notes into common stock, and increasing our vulnerability to economic downturns and adverse developments in our industry or the economy in general.

Our ability to meet our expenses and debt obligations will depend on our future performance, which will be affected by financial, business, economic, regulatory and other factors. We will be unable to control many of these factors, such as economic conditions. We cannot be certain that we will continue to have sufficient capital to allow us to pay the principal and interest on our debt and meet any other obligations. If we do not have enough money to service our debt, we may be required, but unable to refinance all or part of our existing debt, sell assets, borrow money or raise equity on terms acceptable to us, if at all, and the lender could foreclose on its security interests and liquidate some or all of our assets.

~~Risks Related to Our Financial Position, Capital Requirements and Financings~~

~~There is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.~~

As shown in the accompanying financial statements as of September 30, 2022, we did not generate sufficient revenue to generate net income, and have negative working capital as of September 30, 2022. In addition, we have seen a decline in the price of Bitcoin due its volatility, which could have material and negative impact to our operations. These factors, among others including, but not limited to the changes in inflation, interest rates and overall economic conditions, may indicate that there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after issuance of the financial statements for the three months ended September 30, 2022, or November 14, 2022. If we are unable to meet our financial obligations, we could be forced to restructure or refinance, seek additional equity capital or sell our assets. We might then be unable to obtain such financing or capital or sell our assets on satisfactory terms. There can be no assurance that additional financing will be available to us when needed or, if available, that it can be obtained on commercially reasonable terms. If we are not able to obtain the additional financing on a timely basis, if and when it is needed, we will be forced to delay or scale down some or all of our development activities or perhaps even cease the operation of our business.

Our outstanding notes, the terms of our preferred stock and certain of our warrants contain provisions that could limit our financing options and liquidity position or make it difficult to consummate public or private equity offerings, debt financings or corporate collaboration and licensing arrangements, which would limit our ability to grow our business.

Certain provisions in our outstanding notes, the certificates of designation for our Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock and certain of our warrants impose operating and financial restrictions on us. These restrictions prohibit, make difficult, or limit our ability to, among other things:

~~● redeem or repurchase or otherwise acquire our common stock or other equity;~~

~~● sell, lease, license, lend or otherwise convey an interest in a material portion of our assets;~~

~~● sell or otherwise issue shares of our common stock or other capital stock, including in equity offerings, subject to certain limited exceptions.~~

Pursuant to the October SPA Agreement pursuant to which we issued the October Secured Notes, until the obligations are paid in full, the only financings we may pursue are certain equity financings, subject to pricing limitations and conditions. In addition, the securities purchase agreement contains a “most favored nation” provision. See “—Risks Related to Our Securities—Certain provisions in our debt instruments and Series B Certificate of Designations may require us to issue additional securities to the holders of such debt instruments and Series B Preferred Stock, which would dilute the interests of other security holders and may depress the market price of our securities.”

Moreover, the Series B Certificate of Designations and certain of our outstanding warrants contain conversion price or exercise price adjustments upon subsequent public offering of our securities, subject to certain conditions.

Additionally, failure to comply with the restrictions in our debt instruments could result in events of default, which, if not cured or waived, could result in us being required to repay the borrowings before their due date. If we are forced to refinance these borrowings on less favorable terms, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected by increased costs and rates.

These restrictions, as well as certain conversion price adjustments and other anti-dilution features of the Series B Preferred Stock, October Secured Notes and certain of our warrants, including but not limited to, the potential reset of conversion or exercise prices, as applicable, and “most favored nation” provisions, may limit our ability to obtain additional financing on favorable terms to us, or at all, or make it difficult to consummate public or private equity offerings, debt financings or corporate collaboration and licensing arrangements, which would limit our ability to grow our business or take advantage of certain business opportunities, all of which could have an adverse impact on our business and results of operations.

~~We will require additional capital to fund our operations. Failure to obtain this necessary capital if needed may force us to delay, limit, or terminate our business plans or our operations.~~

We are considering further increasing the processing power of our cryptocurrency mining operations as we seek to leverage our experience and expertise in this area of operations. To do so, however, we will need to raise additional capital by debt and/or equity financing, which may not be available to us on acceptable terms or at all. If we experience a significant and sustained drop in operating profits, or if there are unanticipated reductions in cash inflows or increases in cash outlays, we may be subject to cash shortfalls. Failure to generate adequate cash from our operations or find sources of funding would require us to scale back or curtail our operations or expansion efforts, including limiting our ability to expand the SCI cryptocurrency business to a larger-scale cryptocurrency mining operation, and would have an adverse impact on our business and financial condition.

~~Raising additional capital through equity or convertible debt securities may cause dilution to your ownership interest in our securities.~~

We may continue to seek funds through equity or debt financings, collaborative or other arrangements with corporate sources, or through other sources of financing, and the price per share at which we sell additional shares of our common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable into our common stock in future transactions may be higher or lower than the price per share which you purchased our securities. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the issuance and sale of equity or convertible debt securities, your ownership interest in our securities may be diluted. The exercise or conversion of such securities into shares of common stock, or further shares issued, may result in further dilution to your ownership interest. Further, we may choose to raise additional capital due to market conditions or strategic considerations even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans.

The price per share at which we sell additional shares of our common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable into our common stock in future transactions may be higher or lower than the price per share which you purchased our securities.

The terms of any financing arrangements we enter into may adversely affect the holdings or the rights of our stockholders and the issuance of additional securities by us, or the possibility of such issuance, may cause the market price of our shares to decline.

Certain of our agreements with investors and our outstanding warrants contain provisions that impose limitations on our ability to participate in certain variable rate transactions, including at-the-market transactions, which may limit our opportunities to obtain financing in sufficient amounts or on acceptable terms. The sale of additional equity or convertible debt securities would dilute all of our stockholders, and if such sales occur at a deemed issuance price that is lower than the current exercise price of certain of our outstanding warrants, the exercise price for those warrants would adjust downward to the deemed issuance price pursuant to price adjustment protection contained within those warrants.

The incurrence of indebtedness through credit facilities would result in increased fixed payment obligations and, potentially, the imposition of restrictive covenants. Those covenants may include limitations on our ability to incur additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends, and may impose limitations on our ability to acquire, sell, or license intellectual property rights and other operating restrictions that could adversely impact our ability to conduct our business.

If we raise additional funds through collaborations, strategic alliances, or licensing arrangements or other marketing or distribution arrangements with third parties, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies or future revenue streams on terms that may not be favorable to us. If we are unable to expand our operations or otherwise capitalize on our business opportunities, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

If we are unable to raise additional funds through equity or debt financings when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product development or commercialization efforts, or grant others rights to develop and market product candidates that we would otherwise prefer to develop and market ourselves.

~~We may not have sufficient cash from our operations to enable us to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock.~~

Although dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock are cumulative, our board of directors must approve the actual payment of the dividends. We will pay monthly dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock from funds legally available for such purpose when, as and if declared by the board of directors or any authorized committee thereof. The board of directors can elect at any time or from time to time, and for an indefinite duration, not to pay any or all accumulated dividends. The board of directors could do so for any reason. The amount of dividends we can pay depends upon the amount of cash we generate from and use in our operations, which may fluctuate significantly based on, among other things:

In addition, if payment of dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock for any dividend period would cause us to fail to comply with any applicable law, including the requirement under the Nevada Revised Statutes (“NRS”) that dividends be paid out of surplus or net profits, we will not declare or pay a dividend for such dividend period. Our ability to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock may also be restricted or prohibited by the terms of any senior equity securities or indebtedness. The instruments governing the terms or future financings or refinancing of any borrowings may contain covenants that restrict our ability to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock. The Series A Preferred Stock places no restrictions on our ability to incur indebtedness with such restrictive covenants. In the event that the payment of a dividend on the Series A Preferred Stock would cause us to fail to comply with any applicable law or would be restricted or prohibited by the terms of any senior equity securities or indebtedness, holders of the Series A Preferred Stock will not be entitled to receive any dividend for that dividend period, and the unpaid dividend will cease to accrue or be payable.

So long as any shares of Series A Preferred Stock remain outstanding, unless we have also either paid or declared and set part in full the payment for cumulative dividends on our Series A Preferred Stock for all past completed dividend periods, we may not declare or set apart for payment any dividends or make any distribution of cash or other property on our common stock or other capital stock ranking junior or on parity with the Series A Preferred Stock, including our Series B Preferred Stock. We may not have sufficient cash available to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock or Series B Preferred Stock when such dividends become payable which will in turn prohibit us from declaring or paying any cash dividend or other distribution to holders of shares of our Series B Preferred Stock.

~~The amount of cash that we will have available for dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock will not depend solely on our profitability.~~

~~The actual amount of cash that we will have available for dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock also depends on many factors, including, among others:~~

The amount of cash that we generate from our operations may differ materially from our net income or loss for the period, which is affected by non-cash items, and the board in its discretion may elect not to declare any dividends. As a result of these and the other factors mentioned above, we may pay dividends during periods when we record losses and may not pay dividends during periods when we record net income.

Our ability to meet our obligations under the Series A Preferred Stock depends on the earnings and cash flows of our subsidiaries and the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends or advance or repay funds to us.

We conduct all of our business operations through our subsidiaries. In servicing dividend payments to be made on the Series A Preferred Stock, we will rely on cash flows from these subsidiaries, mainly dividend payments and other distributions. The ability of these subsidiaries to make dividend payments to us will be affected by, among other factors, the obligations of these entities to their creditors, requirements of corporate and other law, and restrictions contained in agreements entered into by or relating to these entities.

~~We may incur additional indebtedness, which may impact our financial position, cash flow and ability to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock.~~

As of November 9, 2022, we had total indebtedness of approximately $23.4 million. We may incur additional indebtedness and become more highly leveraged, which may negatively impact our financial position, cash flow and ability to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock. Increases in our borrowing could affect our financial condition and make it more difficult for us to comply with the financial covenants governing our indebtedness.

While there are no restrictions under our current indebtedness on our ability to pay dividends to the holders of our preferred stock, our future indebtedness may restrict payments of dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock or Series B Preferred Stock.

~~The Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock represent perpetual equity interests.~~

The Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock represent perpetual equity interests in us and, unlike our indebtedness, will not give rise to a claim for payment of a principal amount at a particular date. As a result, holders of such shares of our preferred stock may be required to bear the financial risks of an investment in the shares of preferred stock for an indefinite period of time.

Additionally, if the Series A Preferred Stock is delisted from Nasdaq, the ability to transfer or sell shares of the Series A Preferred Stock may be limited and the market value of the Series A Preferred Stock will likely be materially adversely affected.

Dividends or other payments with respect to the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock may be subject to withholding taxes in circumstances where we are not obliged to make gross up payments, and this could result in holders receiving less than expected in such circumstances.

In the event of certain changes to current tax law that require tax to be withheld from dividends or other payments on the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock, we are not required to make gross up payments in respect of such taxes. This would result in holders of Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock receiving less than expected and could materially adversely affect the return on such holders’ investment.

~~Provisions of our corporate charter documents, bylaws and certain of our debt instruments may make an acquisition of us or a change in our management more difficult.~~

Provisions in our articles of incorporation, as amended (the “Articles of Incorporation”) and our bylaws (the “Bylaws”) may discourage, delay or prevent a merger, acquisition or other change in control of us that our stockholders may consider favorable, including transactions in which stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares. These provisions could also limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock, thereby depressing the market price of our common stock. In addition, these provisions may frustrate or prevent any attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace members of our board of directors. Because our board of directors is responsible for appointing the members of our management team, these provisions could in turn affect any attempt by our stockholders to replace current members of our management team. Among others, these provisions include that:

In addition, under the October Secured Notes, a consolidation, merger or transfer of all or substantially all of our assets or to effect a change in control of our ownership could constitute events of default, absent a waiver from the Noteholders. If such defaults were to occur absent a waiver, the holders of the October Secured Notes may elect to declare the outstanding principal amount due under the October Secured Notes, together with liquidated damages and other amounts payable thereunder, to become immediately due and payable in cash. Under the Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of our Series A Preferred Stock, filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada on August 18, 2021, as amended (the “Series A Certificate of Designations”), upon a change of control, holders of our Series A Preferred Stock may also elect to convert all or some of their shares into shares of common stock.

Further, the concentration of ownership of our outstanding voting stock held by our directors and officers may delay, defer or prevent a change in control. As of November 9, 2022, our directors and executive officers held the current right to vote approximately 25.6% of the Company’s outstanding voting stock, and of this total, 21.4% was owned or controlled by Brookstone XXIV, for which Michael Toporek, our Chief Executive Officer, also serves as Managing General Partner. Our directors and executive officers also have the right to acquire additional shares of our common stock by exercising their equity awards under our equity compensation plans, which could increase their voting percentage significantly. As a result, Mr. Toporek acting alone, and/or many of our officers and directors acting together may have the ability to exert significant control over our decisions and control our management and affairs, including delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control, impeding a merger, consolidation, takeover or other business combination involving us; or discouraging a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us.

Additionally, we have a classified board of directors, which means that at least two stockholder meetings, instead of one, will be required to effect a change in the majority control of our board of directors. This applies to every election of directors, not just an election occurring after a change in control. The classification of our board increases the amount of time it takes to change majority control of our board of directors and may cause potential acquirers to lose interest in a potential purchase of us, regardless of whether our purchase would be beneficial to us or our stockholders. The additional time and cost to change a majority of the members of our board of directors makes it more difficult and may discourage our existing stockholders from seeking to change our existing management in order to change the strategic direction or our operational performance. As a result of these provisions in our corporate charter documents, bylaws and certain of our debt instruments, the price investors may be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock may be limited.

Certain provisions in our debt instruments and Series B Certificate of Designations may require us to issue additional securities to the holders of such debt instruments and Series B Preferred Stock, which would dilute the interests of other security holders and may depress the market price of our securities.

Pursuant to the October SPA and the MFN Provision thereunder, as long as any Noteholder holds any of the October Secured Notes with a principal amount in excess of $1,500,000, in the event that we issue or sell any common stock or common stock equivalents, if the Noteholder holding outstanding securities issued pursuant to the October 2021 Purchase Agreement reasonably believes that any of the terms and conditions of an offering by the Company of common stock or common stock equivalents are more favorable than the terms and conditions granted to the Noteholder pursuant to the October SPA, upon notice to us within five trading days after disclosure of such sale or issuance, we will amend the terms of the October SPA as to such Noteholder, only so as to give such Noteholder the benefit of such more favorable terms or conditions. In the event the Noteholder provides such notice and the terms of the October SPA are amended as to such Noteholder as a result of issuances of common stock or common stock equivalents, we may need to issue additional securities to such Noteholders, which could result in further dilution to our investors.

To raise additional capital, we may in the future offer additional shares of common stock or other securities convertible exchangeable, or exercisable for shares of our common stock at prices and other terms that may be more favorable than the terms offered to the holders of the October Secured Notes. This may result in additional dilution to our stockholders and could afford our stockholders a smaller percentage interest in our voting power, liquidation value and aggregate book value. The existence of the MFN Provision may also make it more difficult for us to consummate future offerings of our securities at a time and a price that we deem appropriate and may trigger our obligation to obtain stockholder approval in connection with our future offerings under certain Nasdaq Listing Rules and related guidance.

Additionally, the Series B Certificate of Designations contains an anti-dilution provision which, at any time after the October Secured Notes have been fully redeemed, defeased or converted, subject to limited exceptions, would reduce the conversion price of the Series B Preferred Stock (and increase the number of shares common stock issuable upon such conversion) to 90% of the VWAP as reported on Nasdaq for the five consecutive trading days after the effective date of the registration statement registering the resale of the shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of the shares of Series B Preferred Stock has been declared effective, and in the event we undertake a public offering of our common stock or common stock equivalents, upon the completion of the public offering, the conversion price shall be equal to 90% of the average VWAP reported on Nasdaq for the five consecutive trading days after the completion date of public offering. The shares of Series B Preferred Stock are initially convertible to 1,155,268 at a conversion price of $5.41 per share and the conversion price shall in no event be lower than $1.08 per share.

The shares of Series B Preferred Stock will not be convertible into shares of our common stock until the October Secured Notes have been either redeemed in full, defeased or converted. In the event that the average price of our common stock is below the conversion price of the Series B Preferred Stock at the time such shares may be converted, the number of shares of common stock issuable upon such conversion would increase, which would dilute the percentage ownership interest of all stockholders, increase the number of our publicly traded shares and may dilute the book value per share of our common stock, which could depress the market price of our securities regardless of our business performance.

~~Our Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock have liquidation preferences that are senior to our common stock.~~

The payment due upon liquidation on the Series A Preferred Stock is fixed at the liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, plus an amount equal to all accumulated and unpaid dividends thereon to the date of liquidation, whether or not declared. In addition, our Series B Preferred Stock ranks pari passu with our Series A Preferred Stock and upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up is entitled to the greater of the aggregate stated value of the Series B Preferred Stock or the amount the holder of the Series B Preferred Stock would be entitled to receive if the Series B Preferred Stock were fully converted to common stock, which amounts shall be paid on par with all shoulders of our common stock. In the event of our voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs, the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive out of our assets that are legally available for distribution, prior to and in preference to distributions to the holders of our common stock or classes and series of securities of the Company which by their terms do not rank senior to the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock, and either in preference to or pari passu with the holders of any other series of preferred stock that may be issued in the future that is expressly made senior or pari passu, as the case may be. After the payment of the liquidation preference to the holders of our Series A Preferred Stock and payment of the greater of the aggregate stated value of the Series B Preferred Stock or the amount the holder of the Series B Preferred Stock would be entitled to receive if such shares were converted into shares of common stock, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive our remaining assets in proportion to the respective number of shares held after payment of and reservation for our liabilities. There can be no assurance that we will have available assets to pay to the holders of common stock, or any amounts, upon such a liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of our business and you could lose some or all of your investment. The existence of the liquidation preferences may reduce the value of our common stock, make it harder for us to sell shares of common stock in offerings in the future, or prevent or delay a change of control.

There may be future sales of Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock or securities convertible into common stock, which may adversely affect the market price of our common stock and Series A Preferred Stock.

Subject to the terms of the October Secured Notes, the certificates of designations of our Series A and Series B Preferred Stock, our Articles of Incorporation and the NRS, we are not restricted from issuing additional shares of Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock or securities convertible into common stock. The market price of our common stock and Series A Preferred Stock could decline as a result of sales of Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock, or securities convertible into common stock, or as a result of the perception that such sales could occur. Because our decision to issue securities in any future offering will depend on market conditions and other factors beyond our control, we cannot predict or estimate the amount, timing or nature of any future offerings. Thus, holders of our common stock and our Series A Preferred Stock bear the risk of our future offerings or sales, or the perception that such offerings or sales may occur, of our Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock or securities convertible into common stock reducing the market price of our common stock and Series A Preferred Stock and diluting their holdings. Future sales of our Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock, or securities convertible into common stock could additionally result in further dilution to your shares of common stock or Series A Preferred Stock in the event such shares of preferred stock are converted into shares of common stock.

~~We may incur additional indebtedness and obligations to pay dividends on our preferred stock, some of which may be senior to the rights of our common stock.~~

We may, subject to certain limitations, incur additional indebtedness and obligations to pay cumulative dividends on preferred stock, some of which may be senior to the rights of our common stock. Subject to certain limitations, the certificates of designations of our Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock do not prohibit us or our subsidiaries from incurring additional indebtedness or issuing additional series of preferred stock. Any such indebtedness will in all cases be senior to the rights of holders of our common stock. We may also issue additional series of preferred stock that contain dividend rights and liquidation preferences that are senior to the rights of holders of our common stock. If we issue any additional preferred stock that ranks senior or pari passu with the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock, the holders of those shares will be entitled to a senior or ratable share with the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock in any proceeds distributed in connection with our insolvency, liquidation, reorganization or dissolution. This may have the effect of reducing the amount of proceeds paid to the holders of our common stock.

On ~~August 25, 2022,~~February 1, 2023, the Company granted ~~3,250~~35,000 shares of common stock to ~~MZHCI,~~two consultants for Team Sova, LLC at a price basis of ~~$3.34~~$0.4136 per share as ~~partial~~ compensation for consulting advisory services. The shares were granted pursuant to the Consultant Agreement dated as of ~~May 25, 2022~~February 1, 2023 by ~~MZHCI,~~Team Sova, LLC and the Company. The shares were issued in reliance upon an exemption pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.

On ~~September 14, 2022,~~March 10, 2023, the Company ~~granted 180,451~~effectively issued 78,750 and 431,014 for a total of 509,764 shares of common stock to Univest, at a price basis of ~~$2.66~~$0.76 and $1.80 per share. These shares were granted pursuant to the Placement Agency Agreement dated as of ~~September 13,~~December 5, 2022 by Univest and the Company as partial compensation for Univest’s services as placement ~~agent.~~agent, in which were subject to shareholder approval which occurred at the Special Meeting on March 10, 2023. The shares of common stock were issued in reliance upon the exemption from the registration requirements in Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and Regulation D promulgated thereunder.

On March 10, 2023 and March 24, 2023, the Company effectively issued 112,500 and 113,158 shares of common stock to the Series B Holder at a price basis of $0.76 and $0.30. These shares were issued pursuant to Section 4(e) of the Securities Purchase Agreement of the Series B Agreement, the Holder’s consent to such to the Offering shall be deemed as received by the Company if the Holder receive at the closing of such Offering 10% of the amount of the capital raised by the Company to be paid, in the Company’s discretion, in cash or the same securities issued by the Company. The shares of common stock were issued in reliance upon the exemption from the registration requirements in Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and Regulation D promulgated thereunder.

All other exhibits for which no other filing information is given are filed herewith.

# Certain portions of this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K. Such information is both not material and is the information that the registrant customarily and actually treats as private or confidential. The omitted information is identified in the exhibit with brackets and “**”.

* Submitted electronically herewith. Attached as Exhibit 101 are the following materials from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, formatted in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) and tagged as blocks of text and including detailed tags: (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021;~~2022; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three ~~and Nine~~ Months Ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~2021;~~2022; (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the ~~Nine~~Three Months Ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~2021;~~2022; and (iv) related notes.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, ~~2022~~2023

OR

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____to _____

Nevada		14-1462255
State or other jurisdiction		(I.R.S. Employer
of incorporation or organization		Identification No.)

325 Washington Avenue Extension, Albany, New York		12205
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION	2

Item 1. Financial Statements	2

~~Item 1. Financial Statements~~Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets As of March 31, 2023 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2022	2

~~Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets As of September 30, 2022 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2021~~	2

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) For the Three ~~and Nine~~ Months Ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and 2022 ~~and 2021~~	3

~~Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 and the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 (Unaudited)~~	4

~~Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021~~	6

~~Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)~~	7 3

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 and the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 (Unaudited)	4

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	6

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	7

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	2932

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	4044

Item 4. Controls and Procedures	4044

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION	4145

Item 1. Legal Proceedings	4145

Item 1A. Risk Factors	4145

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	4845

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	4846

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	4846

Item 5. Other Information	46

Item ~~5. Other Information~~6 .Exhibits	4846

~~Item 6. Exhibits~~SIGNATURES	48

~~SIGNATURES~~	5047

							2023			2022
	September 30,			December 31,			March 31,			December 31,
	2022			2021			2023			2022
Assets
Current Assets:
Cash	$	1,083		$	10,258		$	4,553		$	1,136
Restricted cash								493			685
Accounts receivable		2,029			531			452			320
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		1,621			977			1,346			1,326
Deposits on equipment		1,175			10,188			975			1,175
Current assets associated with discontinued operations		—			3,028
Total Current Assets		5,908			24,982			7,819			4,642
Other assets		1,190			1,121			2,950			1,150
Equity investment		—			750
Property, plant and equipment, net		63,511			44,597			38,808			42,504
Intangible assets, net		38,842			45,839			34,087			36,432
Operating lease right-of-use assets		282			405			577			233
Total Assets	$	109,733		$	117,694		$	84,241		$	84,961

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	3,843		$	2,958		$	3,822		$	3,548
Accrued liabilities		2,477			2,859			2,847			2,721
Line of credit		650			1,000			135			350
Notes payable		13,281			7,121
Convertible notes payable								10,270			11,737
Current portion of debt		6,462			—			7,758			10,546
Deferred revenue		434			316			—			453
Operating lease liability		186			184			205			161
Income taxes payable		2			2
Current liabilities associated with discontinued operations		—			1,243
Total Current Liabilities		27,335			15,683			25,037			29,516

Other liabilities		201			509			307			203
Long term debt		3,841			—
Operating lease liability		109			237			379			84
Deferred tax liability, net		8,929			10,277			8,339			8,886
Total Liabilities		40,415			26,706			34,062			38,689

Commitments and Contingencies (Note 10)		-						-			-

Stockholders’ Equity:
9.0% Series A Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, $25.00 liquidation preference; authorized 6,040,000; 3,061,245 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2022 and 1,252,299 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2021		3			1
Series B Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, authorized 187,500; 62,500 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2022 and 0 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2021		—			—
Preferred Stock value		-			-
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share, authorized 75,000,000; 16,413,584 shares issued and 15,395,068 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2022 and 14,769,699 shares issued and 13,754,206 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2021		16			15
9.0% Series A Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, $25.00 liquidation preference; authorized 6,040,000; 3,061,245 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022								3			3
Series B Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, authorized 187,500; 62,500 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022								—			—
Preferred stock, value

Common stock, par value $0.001 per share, authorized 75,000,000; 26,433,162 shares issued and 25,414,646 shared outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and 19,712,722 shares issued and 18,694,206 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2022								26			20
Additional paid-in capital		273,484			227,790			279,985			277,410
Accumulated deficit		(194,409	)		(123,054	)		(228,831	)		(221,769	)
Common stock in treasury, at cost, 1,018,516 shares at September 30, 2022 and 1,015,493 shares at December 31, 2021		(13,798	)		(13,764	)
Common stock in treasury, at cost, 1,018,516 shares at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022								(13,798	)		(13,798	)
Total Soluna Holdings, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity		65,296			90,988			37,385			41,866
Non-Controlling Interest		4,022			—			12,794			4,406
Total Stockholders’ Equity		69,318			90,988			50,179			46,272
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	109,733		$	117,694		$	84,241		$	84,961

													2023			2022
	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended						For the three months ended
	September 30,						September 30,						March 31,
	2022			2021			2022			2021			2023			2022

Cryptocurrency mining revenue	$	5,387		$	2,018		$	20,696		$	4,670		$	2,796		$	7,812
Data hosting revenue		985			1,106			3,668			1,106			286			1,504
Total revenue		6,372			3,124			24,364			5,776			3,082			9,316
Operating costs:
Cost of cryptocurrency mining revenue, exclusive of depreciation		4,100			623			11,092			1,272			2,299			3,397
Depreciation costs associated with cryptocurrency mining		6,010			156			15,872			380			625			4,324
Total cost of cryptocurrency mining revenue		10,110			779			26,964			1,652			2,924			7,721
Cost of data hosting revenue		1,078			964			3,192			964			214			1,138
Operating expenses:
General and administrative expenses, exclusive of depreciation and amortization		5,686			2,316			15,441			6,118			4,370			4,882
Depreciation and amortization associated with general and administrative expenses		2,378			1			7,127			1			2,377			2,373
Total general and administrative expenses		8,064			2,317			22,568			6,119			6,747			7,255
Impairment on equity investment		750						750
Impairment on fixed assets		28,086			-			28,836			-			209			-
Operating loss		(41,716	)		(936	)		(57,946	)		(2,959	)		(7,012	)		(6,798	)
Interest expense		(1,671	)		-			(7,856	)		-			(1,374	)		(2,881	)
Loss on debt extinguishment and revaluation		(12,317	)		-			(12,317	)		-
Gain on debt revaluation, net														473			-
Loss on sale of fixed assets		(988	)		-			(2,606	)		-			(78	)		-
Other income, net		2			3			2			10			12			-
Loss before income taxes from continuing operations		(56,690	)		(933	)		(80,723	)		(2,949	)		(7,979	)		(9,679	)
Income tax benefit (expense) from continuing operations		547			-			1,344			(3	)
Income tax benefit from continuing operations														547			547
Net loss from continuing operations		(56,143	)		(933	)		(79,379	)		(2,952	)		(7,432	)		(9,132	)
(Loss) Income before income taxes from discontinued operations (including (loss) gain on sale of MTI Instruments of $(21) and $7,581 for three and nine months ended September 30, 2022)		(21	)		323			7,681			500
Income before income taxes from discontinued operations														-			226
Income tax benefit from discontinued operations		-			-			70			-			-			-
Net (loss) income from discontinued operations		(21	)		323			7,751			500
Consolidated net loss		(56,164	)		(610	)		(71,628	)		(2,452	)
Net income from discontinued operations														-			226
Net loss														(7,432	)		(8,906	)
(Less) Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest		272			-			272			-			370			-
Net loss attributable to Soluna Holdings, Inc.	$	(55,892	)	$	(610	)	$	(71,356	)	$	(2,452	)	$	(7,062	)	$	(8,906	)

Basic and Diluted (loss) earnings per common share:
Net loss from continuing operations per share (Basic & Diluted)	$	(3.94	)	$	(0.09	)	$	(5.74	)	$	(0.27	)	$	(0.35	)	$	(0.71	)
Net income from discontinued operations per share (Basic & Diluted)	$	-		$	0.03		$	0.53		$	0.04		$	-		$	0.02
Basic & Diluted loss per share	$	(3.94	)	$	(0.06	)	$	(5.21	)	$	(0.23	)	$	(0.35	)	$	(0.69	)

Weighted average shares outstanding (Basic and Diluted)		14,698,013			12,702,393			14,494,356			11,413,678			21,621,320			13,870,646

	Series A Shares		Amount		Series B Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Shares		Amount			Non-Controlling Interest			Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Preferred Stock								Common Stock										Treasury Stock
	Series A Shares		Amount		Series B Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Shares		Amount			Non-Controlling Interest			Total Stockholders’ Equity
January 1, 2022		1,252,299	$	1		—		—		14,769,699	$	15	$	227,790		$	(123,054	)		1,015,493	$	(13,764	)		—		$	90,988

Net loss		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			(8,906	)		—		—			—			(8,906	)

Preferred dividends distribution		—		—		—		—		—		—		(749	)		—			—		—			—			(749	)

Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		—		—		955			—			—		—			—			955

Issuance of shares – preferred offering		66,857		—		—		—		—		—		957			—			—		—			—			957

Restricted stock units vested		—		—		—		—		14,301		—		—			—			—		—			—			—

Issuance of shares – warrant exercises		—		—		—		—		89,500		—		738			—			—		—			—			738

Issuance of shares- Notes conversion		—		—		—		—		146,165		—		1,342			—			—		—			—			1,342

Warrants issued in relation to debt financing		—		—		—		—		—		—		2,257			—			—		—			—			2,257

March 31, 2022		1,319,156	$	1		—	$	—		15,019,665	$	15	$	233,290		$	(131,960	)		1,015,493	$	(13,764	)	$	—		$	87,582

Net loss		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			(6,557	)		—		—			—			(6,557	)

Preferred dividends distribution		—		—		—		—		—		—		(1,382	)		—			—		—			—			(1,382	)

Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,064			—			—		—			—			1,064

Issuance of shares – option exercises		—		—		—		—		91,050		—		77			—			—		—			—			77

Issuance of shares – preferred offering		599,232		1		—		—		—		—		8,796			—			—		—			—			8,797

Issuance of shares-restricted stock		—		—		—		—		3,250		—		23			—			—		—			—			23

Restricted stock units vested		—		—		—		—		3,696		—		—			—			—		—			—			—

Issuance of shares – warrant exercises		—		—		—		—		5,000		—		41			—			—		—			—			41

Promissory note conversion to preferred shares		1,142,857		1		—		—		—		—		13,894			—			—		—			—			13,895

Warrants issued in relation to debt financing		—		—		—		—		—		—		3,060			—			—		—			—			3,060

Treasury Shares conversion		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			3,023		(34	)		—			(34	)

June 30, 2022		3,061,245	$	3		—	$	—		15,122,661	$	15	$	258,863		$	(138,517	)		1,018,516	$	(13,798	)	$	—		$	106,566

Net loss		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			(55,892	)		——		—			(272	)		(56,164	)

Preferred dividends distribution		—		—		—		—		—		—		(1,722	)		—			—		—			—			(1,722	)

Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		—		—		879			—			—		—			—			879

Issuance of shares – option exercises		—		—		—		—		86,375		—		76			—			—		—			—			76

Issuance of shares – preferred offering		—		—		62,500		—		—		—		4,994			—			—		—			—			4,994

Issuance of shares-restricted stock		—		—		—		—		3,250		—		11			—			—		—			—			11

Restricted stock units vested		—		—		—		—		921		—		—			—			—		—			—			—

Surrender of warrants for common shares		—		—		—		—		726,576		1		(347	)		—			—		—			—			(346	)

Issuance of shares- notes conversion		—		—		—		—		293,350		—		1,099			—			—		—			—			1,099

Warrants and valuation issued in relation to debt financing		—		—		—		—		—		—		9,631			—			—		—			—			9,631

Issuance of common shares in relation to preferred offering		—		—		—		—		180,451		—		—			—			—		—			—			—

Contribution to Non-Controlling interest		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			—		—			4,294			4,294

September 30, 2022		3,061,245	$	3		62,500	$	—		16,413,584	$	16	$	273,484		$	(194,409	)		1,018,516	$	(13,798	)	$	4,022		$	69,318

Net loss		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			(27,360	)		——		—			(108	)		(27,468	)

Preferred dividends- Series B		—		—		—		—		—		—		(236	)		—			—		—			—			(236	)

Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		—		—		957			—			—		—			—			957

Issuance of shares – Securities Purchase offering		—		—		—		—		1,125,000		1		768			—			—		—			—			769

Issuance of shares –common offering		—		—		—		—		1,388,889		1		1,582			—			—		—			—			1,583

Issuance of shares-restricted stock		—		—		—		—		3,250		—		2			—			—		—			—			2

Restricted stock units vested		—		—		—		—		30,601		—		—			—			—		—			—			—

Issuance of shares- promissory note conversion		—		—		—		—		593,065		1		853			—			—		—			—			854

Issuance of common shares in relation to common offering		—		—		—		—		158,333		1		—			—			—		—			—			1

Contribution to Non-Controlling interest		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			—		—			492			492

December 31, 2022		3,061,245	$	3		62,500	$	—		19,712,722	$	20	$	277,410		$	(221,769	)		1,018,516	$	(13,798	)	$	4,406		$	46,272


	Preferred Stock					Common Stock				Additional Paid-in			Accumulated			Treasury Stock						Total Stockholders’
	Shares		Amount			Shares		Amount		Capital			Deficit			Shares		Amount				Equity
December 31, 2020		—	$	—	-		10,750,100	$	11	$	137,462		$	(117,793	)		1,015,493	$	(13,764	)	-	$	5,916

Net loss		—		—			—		—		—			(666	)		—		—				(666	)

Stock-based compensation		—		—			—		—		34			—			—		—				34

Issuance of shares – option exercises		—		—			77,250		—		62			—			—		—				62

Issuance of shares – restricted stock		—		—			57,500		—		49			—			—		—		-		49

March 31, 2021		—	$	—	-		10,884,850	$	11	$	137,607		$	(118,459	)		1,015,493	$	(13,764	)	-	$	5,395

Net loss		—		—			—		—		—			(1,174	)		—		—		-		(1,174	)

Stock-based compensation		—		—			—		—		1,005			—			—		—				1,005

Issuance of shares – stock offering		—		—			2,782,258		3		15,400			—			—		—				15,403

Issuance of shares – option exercises		—		—			27,650		—		21			—			—		—				21

Issuance of shares – restricted stock		—		—			20,405		—		207			—			—		—				207

June 30, 2021		—	$	—	-		13,715,163	$	14	$	154,240		$	(119,633	)		1,015,493	$	(13,764	)	-	$	20,857

Net loss		—		—			—		—		—			(610	)		—		—		-		(610	)

Preferred dividends		—		—			—		—		(176	)		—			—		—				(176	)

Stock-based compensation		—		—			—		—		334			—			—		—				334

Issuance of shares – preferred offering		806,585		1			—		—		18,297			—			—		—				18,298

Issuance of shares – option exercises		—		—			16,500		—		18			—			—		—				18

Issuance of shares – warrant exercises		—		—			1,050		—		9			—			—		—				9

September 30, 2021		806,585	$	1	-		13,732,713	$	14	$	172,722		$	(120,243	)		1,015,493	$	(13,764	)	-	$	38,730

Net loss		—		—			—		—		—			(2,811	)		—		—		-		(2,811	)

Preferred dividends		—		—			—		—		(454	)		—			—		—				(454	)

Stock-based compensation		—		—			—		—		648			—			—		—				648

Issuance of shares – preferred offering		445,714		—			—		—		6,759			—			—		—				6,759

Issuance of shares – option exercises		—		—			2,000		—		1			—			—		—				1

Issuance of shares- restricted stock		—		—			154,426		—		—			—			—		—				—

Issuance of shares- Notes conversion		—		—			150,000		—		1,377			—			—		—				1,377

Issuance of shares- termination shares		—		—			150,000		—		1,917			—			—		—				1,917

Warrants issued in relation to debt financing		—		—			—		—		7,037			—			—		—				7,037

Share consideration of asset acquisition		—		—			—		—		33,000			—			—		—				33,000

Issuance of shares – warrant exercises		—		—			580,560		1		4,783			—			—		—				4,784

December 31, 2021		1,252,299	$	1			14,769,699	$	15	$	227,790		$	(123,054	)		1,015,493	$	(13,764	)	-	$	90,988


	Preferred Stock								Common Stock											Treasury Stock
	Series A Shares		Amount		Series B Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount			Additional Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Shares		Amount			Non-Controlling Interest			Total Stockholders’ Equity
December 31, 2021		1,252,299	$	1		—		—		14,769,699	$	15	$		227,790		$	(123,054	)		1,015,493	$	(13,764	)		—		$	90,988

Net loss		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			(8,906	)		—		—			—			(8,906	)

Preferred dividends distribution		—		—		—		—		—		—			-749			—			—		—			—			(749	)

Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		—		—			955			—			—		—			—			955

Issuance of shares – preferred offering		66,857		—		—		—		—		—			957			—			—		—			—			957

Restricted stock units vested		—		—		—		—		14,301		—			—			—			—		—			—			—

Issuance of shares – warrant exercises		—		—		—		—		89,500		—			738			—			—		—			—			738

Issuance of shares- Notes conversion		—		—		—		—		146,165		—			1,342			—			—		—			—			1,342

Warrants issued in relation to debt financing		—		—		—		—		—		—			2,257			—			—		—			—			2,257

March 31, 2022		1,319,156	$	1		—	$	—		15,019,665	$	15		$	233,290		$	(131,960	)		1,015,493	$	(13,764	)	$	—		$	87,582

Net loss		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			(6,557	)		—		—			—			(6,557	)

Preferred dividends distribution		—		—		—		—		—		—			-1,382			—			—		—			—			(1,382	)

Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		—		—			1,064			—			—		—			—			1,064

Issuance of shares – option exercises		—		—		—		—		91,050		—			77			—			—		—			—			77

Issuance of shares – preferred offering		599,232		1		—		—		—		—			8,796			—			—		—			—			8,797

Issuance of shares-restricted stock		—		—		—		—		3,250		—			23			—			—		—			—			23

Restricted stock units vested		—		—		—		—		3,696		—			—			—			—		—			—			—

Issuance of shares – warrant exercises		—		—		—		—		5,000		—			41			—			—		—			—			41

Promissory note conversion to preferred shares		1,142,857		1		—		—		—		—			13,894			—			—		—			—			13,895

Warrants issued in relation to debt financing		—		—		—		—		—		—			3,060			—			—		—			—			3,060

Treasury Shares conversion		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			—			3,023		(34	)		—			(34	)

June 30, 2022		3,061,245	$	3		—	$	—		15,122,661	$	15		$	258,863		$	(138,517	)		1,018,516	$	(13,798	)	$	—		$	106,566
Balance		3,061,245	$	3		—	$	—		15,122,661	$	15		$	258,863		$	(138,517	)		1,018,516	$	(13,798	)	$	—		$	106,566

Net loss		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			(55,892	)		——		—			(272	)		(56,164	)

Preferred dividends distribution		—		—		—		—		—		—			(1,722	)		—			—		—			—			(1,722	)

Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		—		—			879			—			—		—			—			879

Issuance of shares – option exercises		—		—		—		—		86,375		—			76			—			—		—			—			76

Issuance of shares – preferred offering		—		—		62,500		—		—		—			4,994			—			—		—			—			4,994

Issuance of shares-restricted stock		—		—		—		—		3,250		—			11			—			—		—			—			11

Restricted stock units vested		—		—		—		—		921		—			—			—			—		—			—			—

Surrender of warrants for common shares		—		—		—		—		726,576		1			(347	)		—			—		—			—			(346	)

Issuance of shares- notes conversion		—		—		—		—		293,350		—			1,099			—			—		—			—			1,099

Warrants and valuation issued in relation to debt financing		—		—		—		—		—		—			9,631			—			—		—			—			9,631

Issuance of common shares in relation to preferred offering		—		—		—		—		180,451		—			—			—			—		—			—			—

Contribution to Non-Controlling interest		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			—			—		—			4,294			4,294

September 30, 2022		3,061,245	$	3		62,500	$	—		16,413,584	$	16		$	273,484		$	(194,409	)		1,018,516	$	(13,798	)	$	4,022		$	69,318
Balance		3,061,245	$	3		62,500	$	—		16,413,584	$	16		$	273,484		$	(194,409	)		1,018,516	$	(13,798	)	$	4,022		$	69,318

*	Default interest was waived on March 10, 2023
**	On May 11, 2023, the October Secured Notes were extended to July 25, 2024

(in thousands)
Balance, July 19, 2022 (date of Addendum of convertible notes)	$	14,610
Conversions of debt		(1,100	)
Total revaluation loss		597
Balance, September 13, 2022		14,107
Total revaluation gains		(1,853	)
Balance, December 31, 2022	$	12,254
Financial liabilities, Beginning balance	$	12,254
Conversions of debt (January 2023- March 2023)		(1,395	)
Conversions of debt		(1,395	)
Total revaluation gains		(473	)
Total revaluation (gains) loss		(473	)
Balance March 31, 2023	$	10,386
Financial liabilities, Ending balance	$	10,386

	Maturity Dates	Interest Rate			March 31, 2023
Promissory note issuances	November 3 & 10, 2023		15	%	$	900
Less: principal promissory note repayment						(300	)
Outstanding principal outstanding as of March 31, 2023						600
Plus: interest expense accrued						13
Total promissory notes, including accrued interest expense outstanding					$	613


Stock options outstanding			~~812,325~~1,309,789
Restricted stock units outstanding			~~832,291~~1,007,992
Warrants outstanding			~~7,582,788~~12,867,338
Common stock available for future equity awards or issuance of options			~~517,454~~2,656,448
Number of common shares reserved			~~9,744,858~~17,841,567

~~(Dollars in thousands, except lease term and discount rate)~~	~~Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022~~

~~Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (in years):~~
~~Operating leases~~		~~1.69~~

~~Weighted Average Discount Rate:~~
~~Operating leases~~		~~3.83~~	%

	2022			*2021 ^()**		2022		*2021 ^()**
(Dollars in thousands)	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022			*2021 ^()**		2022		*2021 ^()**

Product revenue	$	-		$	1,949	$	1,799	$	4,933
Cost of sales		-			661		728		1,616
Research and development		-			404		398		1,196
General and administrative expenses		-			576		573		1,642
Other income		-			15		-		21
(Loss) income from discontinued operations before gain on disposal and income taxes		-			323		100		500
Pretax (loss) gain on sale of MTI Instruments		(21	)		-		7,581		-
Deferred tax benefit		-			-		70		-
Net income from discontinued operations	$	(21	)	$	323	$	7,751	$	500

(Dollars in thousands)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023		Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

Product revenue	$	-	$	1,640
Cost of sales		-		561
Research and development		-		369
Selling, general, and administrative		-		484
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations	$	-	$	226

	a.	The voting rights of Soluna are not proportional to their obligation to absorb the expected losses of the legal entity. Soluna gave Spring Lane veto rights over significant decisions, which results in Soluna having fewer voting rights than their obligation to absorb the expected losses of the legal entity.

	b.	~~Substantially all of DVSL’s activities are conducted on behalf of Soluna, who has disproportionally fewer voting rights.~~

	(i)	the Company’s Common Stock trades for 10 consecutive days at or above $0.50 per share and at least 1,000,000 shares trade on each day.

	(ii)	the Company’s Common Stock trades for 10 consecutive days at or above $0.70 per share and at least 1,000,000 shares trade on each day.

	(iii)	the Company’s Common Stock trades for 10 consecutive days at or above $0.90 per share and at least 1,000,000 shares trade on each day.

	~~Number of~~ ~~Miners~~
~~Miners deployed as of January 1, 2022~~		~~13,240~~
~~Miners received and deployed in the nine months ended September 30, 2022~~		~~12,289~~
~~Miners in storage as of September 30, 2022, not deployed~~		~~(7,876~~	)
~~Miners disposed or sold in the nine months ended of September 30, 2022~~		~~(6,284~~	)
~~Total Active Miners as of September 30, 2022~~		~~11,369~~

(Dollars in thousands)	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022			Three Months Ended September 30, 2021			$ Change			% Change
Cryptocurrency mining revenue	$	5,387			2,018			3,369			167	%
Data hosting revenue	$	985			1,106			(121	)		(11	)%
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of cryptocurrency mining revenue, exclusive of depreciation	$	4,100			623			3,477			558	%
Depreciation costs associated with cryptocurrency mining	$	6,010			156			5,854			3,753	%
Cost of data hosting revenue	$	1,078			964			114			12	%
General and administrative expenses, exclusive of depreciation and amortization	$	5,686			2,316			3,370			146	%
Depreciation and amortization associated with general and administrative expenses	$	2,378			1			2,377			237,700	%
Impairment on equity investment	$	750			-			750			100	%
Impairment on fixed assets	$	28,086			-			28,086			100	%
Operating loss	$	(41,716	)		(936	)		(40,780	)		4,357	%
Other income, net	$	2			3			(1	)		(33	%)
Interest expense	$	(1,671	)		-			(1,671	)		100	%
Loss on sale of fixed assets	$	(988	)		-			(988	)		100	%
Loss on debt extinguishment and revaluation	$	(12,317	)		-			(12,317	)		100	%
Loss before income taxes from continuing operations	$	(56,690	)		(933	)		(55,757	)		5,976	%
Income tax benefit from continuing operations	$	547			-			547			100	%
Net loss from continuing operations	$	(56,143	)		(933	)		(55,210	)		5,917	%
(Loss) Income before income taxes from discontinued operations (including loss on sale of MTI Instruments of $21 for the three months ended September 30, 2022)	$	(21	)		323			(344	)		107	%
Income tax benefit from discontinued operations	$	-			-			-			-	%
Net income from discontinued operations	$	(21	)		323			(344	)		107	%
Consolidated Net loss	$	(56,164	)		(610	)		(55,554	)		9,107	%
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest	$	(272	)		-			(272	)		100	%
Net loss attributable to Soluna Holdings, Inc.	$	(55,892	)		(610	)		(55,282	)		9,063	%


	●	our ability to develop and utilize new products and technologies that address the needs of our customers;


	●	our expectations with respect to pending legal proceedings;


	●	our expected operations and any adverse impacts on our business, operating results and financial condition;


	●	failure of our strategic alliances to achieve their objectives or perform as contemplated and the risk of cancellation or early termination of such alliance by either ~~party;~~party


	●	our expectations regarding increases in certain general and administrative expenses;


	●	anticipated cryptocurrency mining facility plans and operations;


	●	other factors discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” in this report and in our Annual ~~Report.~~Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022.

	●	~~Implementing more robust policies and procedures, relating to complex transactions and assessments, to ensure the reliability of controls and financial reporting~~
	●	Engaging consultants and third-party specialists to ensure that all entries recorded in regards to complex transactions align to accounting guidance and align to expectations on the condensed financial statements.

	●	~~the level of our revenues and our results of operations;~~
	●	~~prevailing global and regional economic and political conditions;~~
	●	~~the effect of domestic and foreign governmental regulations on the conduct of our business;~~
	●	~~our ability to service and refinance our current and future indebtedness;~~
	●	~~our ability to raise additional funds through future offerings of securities to satisfy our capital needs; and~~
	●	~~our ability to draw on our existing credit facilities and the ability of our lenders to perform their obligations under their agreements with us.~~

	●	~~changes in our operating cash flow, capital expenditure requirements, working capital requirements and other cash needs;~~
	●	~~restrictions under our existing or future credit, capital lease and operating lease facilities or any future debt securities; and~~
	●	~~the amount of any reserves established by our board.~~

	●	~~allow the authorized number of directors to be changed by of our board of directors;~~
	●	~~alter our bylaws without obtaining stockholder approval;~~
	●	~~authorize the board of directors to amend the Bylaws;~~
	●	~~limit who may call stockholder meetings; and~~
	●	~~require the approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of our capital stock entitled to vote in order to amend certain provisions of our Articles of Incorporation.~~

Exhibit No.		Description
~~1.1~~4.17		~~Underwriting~~Form A Warrant dated May 11, 2023
4.18		Form B Warrant dated May 11, 2023
10.70		Second Amended Agreement ~~by and between the Company and Univest Securities, LLC,~~ dated ~~October 24, 2022 (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 26, 2022).~~May 11, 2023
~~3.1~~10.71		~~Articles of Incorporation (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 30, 2021).~~
~~3.2~~		~~Articles of Merger filed with the Secretary of State of Nevada on March 29, 2021 (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 30, 2021).~~
~~3.3~~		~~Certificate of Merger filed with the Department of State of New York on March 29, 2021 (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 30, 2021).~~
~~3.4~~		~~Certificate of Amendment filed with the Secretary of State of Nevada dated June 9, 2021 (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 15, 2021).~~
~~3.5~~		Certificate of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation filed with the Secretary of State of Nevada on November 2, 2021 (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 4, 2021).
~~3.6~~		Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of 9.0% Series A Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada on August 18, 2021 (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on August 19, 2021).
~~3.7~~		~~Form of 9.0% Series A Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock Certificate (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 23, 2021).~~
~~3.8~~		Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of 9.0% Series A Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada on December 22, 2021 (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 8-K Report filed with the SEC on December 29, 2021).
~~3.9~~		Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of 9.0% Series A Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada on April 21, 2022 (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 8-K Report filed with the SEC on April 27, 2022).

3.10**		~~Certificate of Designation of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, filed with the Nevada Secretary of State on July 20, 2022.~~
~~4.1~~		~~Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 20, 2022).~~
~~4.2~~		~~Form of Class D Common Stock Purchase Warrant (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 14, 2022).~~
~~4.3~~		~~Form of Class E Common Stock Purchase Warrant (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 14, 2022).~~
~~4.4~~		~~Form of Class F Common Stock Purchase Warrant (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 14, 2022).~~
~~4.5~~		~~Form of Class G Common Stock Purchase Warrant (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 14, 2022).~~
~~4.6~~		~~Form of Underwriter’s Warrant (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 26, 2022).~~
~~10.1~~		Employment Agreement, by and between Soluna Holdings, Inc. and Philip F. Patman, Jr, dated as of July 29, 2022 (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K Report filed with the SEC on August 3, 2022).
~~10.2~~		Form of Addendum by and between the Company, Collateral Agent, and each purchaser identified on Schedule A hereto (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 20, 2022).
~~10.3~~		Form of Securities Purchase Agreement by and among the Company and the purchasers signatory thereto (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 20, 2022).
~~10.4~~		~~Form of Leak-Out Agreement by and between the Company and the signatory thereto (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 20, 2022).~~
~~10.5~~		Contribution Agreement by and ~~between Soluna Holdings, Inc., Soluna SLC Fund I Projects Holdco,~~among Navitas West Texas Investments, SPV, LLC, Soluna ~~DV Devco, LLC,~~Computing, Inc., and Soluna ~~DVSL~~DV ComputeCo, LLC dated as ~~of August 5, 2022 (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 11, 2022).~~May 9, 2023
~~10.6~~10.72		~~Form~~Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of ~~Addendum Amendment by and Between the Company and the signatories thereof,~~Soluna DV ComputeCo, LLC dated ~~September 13, 2022 (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 14, 2022).~~as May 9, 2023
~~10.7~~10.73		~~Form~~Loan and Security Agreement Soluna DV ComputeCo, LLC and Navitas West Texas Investments, SPV, LLC dated as of Series B Consent by and between the Company and the signatory thereof, dated September 13, 2022 (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 14, 2022).May 9, 2023
31.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS*		Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

	Soluna Holdings, Inc.

Date: ~~November 14, 2022~~May 15, 2023	By:	/s/ ~~Michael Toporek~~John Belizaire
		~~Michael Toporek~~ John Belizaire Chief Executive Officer

	By:	/s/ ~~Philip Patman, Jr.~~David Michaels
		~~Philip Patman, Jr.~~ David Michaels Chief Financial Officer