UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2015March 31, 2016
OR
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                   to                   
 
Commission file number 001-36174
NMI Holdings, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

DELAWARE 45-4914248
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
   
2100 Powell Street, Emeryville, CA 94608
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(855) 530-6642
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
YES x NO o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
YES x NO o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o
Accelerated filer x
Non-accelerated filer o
Smaller reporting company o
  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
YES o NO x

The number of shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the registrant outstanding on October 28, 2015April 26, 2016 was 58,743,86759,080,468 shares.






TABLE OF CONTENTS
Item 1.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 6.


2




CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This report contains forward looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (Securities Act), Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), and the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Any statements about our expectations, beliefs, plans, predictions, forecasts, objectives, assumptions or future events or performance are not historical facts and may be forward looking. These statements are often, but not always, made through the use of words or phrases such as "anticipate," "believe," "can," "could," "may," "predict," "potential," "should," "will," "estimate," "plan," "project," "continuing," "ongoing," "expect," "intend" or words of similar meaning and include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the outlook for our future business and financial performance. All forward looking statements are necessarily only estimates of future results, and actual results may differ materially from expectations. You are, therefore, cautioned not to place undue reliance on such statements which should be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements that are included elsewhere in this report. Further, any forward looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made and we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. We have based these forward looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, operating results, business strategy and financial needs. There are important factors that could cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from the results, level of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward looking statements including, but not limited to:
our limited operating history;
our future profitability, liquidity and capital resources;
developments in the world's financial and capital markets and our access to such markets;markets, including reinsurance;
retention of our existing certificates of authority in each state and the District of Columbia (D.C.) and our ability to remain a mortgage insurer in good standing in each state and D.C.;
changes in the business practices of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac (collectively, the GSEs), including implementation of the new Private Mortgage Insurer Eligibility Requirements (PMIERs) or decisions that have the impact of decreasing or discontinuing the use of mortgage insurance as credit enhancement;
our ability to remain a qualifiedan eligible mortgage insurer under the PMIERs and other requirements imposed by the GSEs, which they may change at any time;
actions of existing competitors, including governmental agencies like the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) and the Veterans Administration (VA), and potential market entry by new competitors or consolidation of existing competitors;
adoption of new or changes to existing laws and regulations or their enforcement and implementation by regulators;
changes to the GSEs' role in the secondary mortgage market or other changes that could affect the residential mortgage industry generally or mortgage insurance in particular;
potential future lawsuits, investigations or inquiries or resolution of current inquiries, including a June 2015 letter from the Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance (Wisconsin OCI) requesting that each mortgage insurance company, including National Mortgage Insurance Corporation, respond to a number of inquiries related to whether the company has offered customized terms or rates;inquiries;
changes in general economic, market and political conditions and policies, interest rates, inflation and investment results or other conditions that affect the housing market or the markets for home mortgages or mortgage insurance;
our ability to successfully execute and implement our capital plans, including our ability to enter into, and receive approval of, reinsurance arrangements on terms and conditions that are acceptable to us and to the GSEs;
our ability to implement our business strategy, including our ability to write mortgage insurance on high quality low down payment residential mortgage loans, implement successfully and on a timely basis, complex infrastructure, systems, procedures, and internal controls to support our business and regulatory and reporting requirements of the insurance industry;
our ability to attract and retain a diverse customer base, including the largest mortgage originators;
failure of risk management or pricing or investment strategies;
emergence of unexpected claim and coverage issues, including claims exceeding our reserves or amounts we had expected to experience;
our ability to utilize our net operating loss carryforwards, which could be limited or eliminated in various ways, including if we experience an ownership change as defined in Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code;


failure to maintain, improve and continue to develop necessary information technology systems or the failure of technology providers to perform; and

3



ability to recruit, train and retain key personnel.
For more information regarding these risks and uncertainties as well as certain additional risks that we face, you should refer to Part I, Item 2, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsOperations" " and elsewhere in this report on Form 10-Q, including the exhibits hereto. In addition, for additional discussion of those risks and uncertainties that have the potential to affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or prospects in a material and adverse manner, you should review the "Risk Factors" detailed in Part I, Item 1A, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, as updated in Part II, Item 1A of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2015 and(2015 10-K), as subsequently updated in other reports we file from time to time with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
Unless expressly indicated or the context requires otherwise, the terms "we," "our," "us" and "Company" in this document refer to NMI Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its wholly owned subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.

4




PART I

Item 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data



INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 and December 31, 20142015
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2016 and 2015 and 2014
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 and the year ended December 31, 20142015
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2016 and 2015 and 2014
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements


5

NMI HOLDINGS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)


September 30, 2015 December 31, 2014March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Assets(In Thousands, except for share data)(In Thousands, except for share data)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $316,639 and $337,718 as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively)$314,455
 $336,501
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $551,780 and $564,319 as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively)$556,683
 $559,235
Cash and cash equivalents132,791
 103,021
73,302
 57,317
Premiums receivable3,986
 1,048
6,578
 5,143
Accrued investment income1,679
 1,707
3,144
 2,873
Prepaid expenses1,783
 2,054
2,732
 1,428
Deferred policy acquisition costs, net12,181
 2,985
20,948
 17,530
Software and equipment, net13,902
 11,806
17,219
 15,201
Intangible assets and goodwill3,634
 3,634
3,634
 3,634
Other assets2,486
 509
74
 90
Total assets$486,897
 $463,265
$684,314
 $662,451
      
Liabilities      
Term loan$143,982
 $143,939
Unearned premiums$62,072
 $22,069
109,095
 90,773
Accounts payable and accrued expenses19,108
 22,725
Reserve for insurance claims and claim expenses358
 83
1,137
 679
Accounts payable and accrued expenses14,230
 10,646
Warrant liability, at fair value1,899
 3,372
797
 1,467
Deferred tax liability137
 137
Deferred tax137
 137
Total liabilities78,696
 36,307
274,256
 259,720
Commitments and contingencies

 



 

      
Shareholders' equity      
Common stock - class A shares, $0.01 par value;
58,743,867 and 58,428,548 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively (250,000,000 shares authorized)
587
 584
Common stock - class A shares, $0.01 par value;
59,080,468 and 58,807,825 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively (250,000,000 shares authorized)
591
 588
Additional paid-in capital568,090
 562,911
571,585
 570,340
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax(4,574) (3,607)2,512
 (7,474)
Accumulated deficit(155,902) (132,930)(164,630) (160,723)
Total shareholders' equity408,201
 426,958
410,058
 402,731
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity$486,897
 $463,265
$684,314
 $662,451
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

6

NMI HOLDINGS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (UNAUDITED)


For the three months ended September 30, For the nine months ended September 30,For the three months ended March 31,
2015 2014 2015 20142016 2015
Revenues(In Thousands, except for share data)(In Thousands, except for share data)
Net premiums written$35,360
 $9,661
 $68,629
 $19,890
$38,129
 $12,921
Increase in unearned premiums(22,526) (5,761) (40,003) (11,993)(18,322) (5,985)
Net premiums earned12,834
 3,900
 28,626
 7,897
19,807
 6,936
Net investment income1,884
 1,342
 5,168
 4,299
3,231
 1,596
Net realized investment (losses) gains(15) 134
 952
 134
(885) 613
Other revenues32
 
Total revenues14,703
 5,376
 34,746
 12,330
22,185
 9,145
Expenses          
Insurance claims and claims expenses181
 (26) 279
 2
458
 104
Underwriting and operating expenses19,653
 17,895
 58,912
 55,833
22,672
 18,350
Total expenses19,834
 17,869
 59,191
 55,835
23,130
 18,454
Other income       
Other (expense) income   
Gain from change in fair value of warrant liability332
 1,240
 1,473
 3,009
670
 1,248
Gain from settlement of warrants
 
 
 37
Interest expense(3,632) 
Total other (expense) income(2,962) 1,248
   
Loss before income taxes(4,799) (11,253) (22,972) (40,459)(3,907) (8,061)
Income tax benefit
 (277) 
 (1,574)
 (241)
Net loss$(4,799) $(10,976) $(22,972) $(38,885)$(3,907) $(7,820)
          
Net loss per share       
Net loss per share:   
Basic and diluted loss per share$(0.08) $(0.19) $(0.39) $(0.67)$(0.07) $(0.13)
Weighted average common shares outstanding58,741,328
 58,363,334
 58,650,043
 58,239,251
58,936,694
 58,485,899
          
          
Net loss$(4,799) $(10,976) $(22,972) $(38,885)$(3,907) $(7,820)
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:       
Net unrealized (losses) gains in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax (benefit) expense of $0 and ($488) for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and $0 and $2,176 for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively(483) (709) (15) 3,165
Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) included in net loss, net of tax expense of $0, and $0 for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and $0 and $0 for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively15
 
 (952) 
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax(468) (709) (967) 3,165
Comprehensive loss$(5,267) $(11,685) $(23,939) $(35,720)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:   
Net unrealized gains in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax expense of $0 and $1,431 for the quarters ended March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015, respectively9,101
 2,672
Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) included in net loss, net of tax expense of $0 for the quarters ended March 31, 2016 and 2015885
 (613)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax9,986
 2,059
Comprehensive income (loss)$6,079
 $(5,761)
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

7

NMI HOLDINGS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (UNAUDITED)


Common Stock - Class AAdditional
Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Other Comprehensive LossAccumulated DeficitTotalCommon Stock - Class AAdditional
Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Other Comprehensive LossAccumulated DeficitTotal
SharesAmountSharesAmount
(In Thousands)(In Thousands) 
Balances, January 1, 201458,052,480
$581
$553,707
$(7,047)$(84,024)$463,217
Common stock: class A shares issued under related to warrants1,115
*
13


13
Common stock: class A shares issued under stock plans, net of shares withheld for employee taxes374,953
3
11


14
Share-based compensation expense

9,180


9,180
Change in unrealized investment gains/losses, net of tax of $2,390


3,440

3,440
Net loss



(48,906)(48,906)
Balances, December 31, 201458,428,548
584
562,911
(3,607)(132,930)426,958
Balances, January 1, 201558,429
$584
$562,911
$(3,607)$(132,930)$426,958
Common stock: class A shares issued under stock plans, net of shares withheld for employee taxes315,319
3
(682)

(679)379
4
(694)

(690)
Share-based compensation expense

5,861


5,861


8,123


8,123
Change in unrealized investment gains/losses, net of tax of $0


(967)
(967)


(3,867)
(3,867)
Net loss



(22,972)(22,972)



(27,793)(27,793)
Balances, September 30, 201558,743,867
$587
$568,090
$(4,574)$(155,902)$408,201
Balances, December 31, 201558,808
$588
$570,340
$(7,474)$(160,723)$402,731
Common stock: class A shares issued under stock plans, net of shares withheld for employee taxes272
3
(162)

(159)
Share-based compensation expense

1,407


1,407
Change in unrealized investment gains/losses, net of tax of $0


9,986

9,986
Net loss



(3,907)(3,907)
Balances, March 31, 201659,080
$591
$571,585
$2,512
$(164,630)$410,058

*During 2014, we issued 1,115 common shares with a par value of $0.01 related to the exercise of warrants, which is not identifiable in this schedule due to rounding.
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

8

NMI HOLDINGS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)


For the nine months ended September 30,For the three months ended March 31,
2015 20142016 2015
Cash flows from operating activities(In Thousands)(In Thousands)
Net loss$(22,972) $(38,885)$(3,907) $(7,820)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:      
Net realized investment gains(952) (134)
Net realized investment losses (gains)885
 (613)
Gain from change in fair value of warrant liability(1,473) (3,009)(670) (1,248)
Depreciation and other amortization3,646
 6,603
1,316
 1,099
Amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs418
 
Share-based compensation expense5,895
 6,874
1,410
 2,005
Noncash intraperiod tax allocation
 (1,574)
 (241)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:      
Accrued investment income28
 708
(271) (25)
Premiums receivable(2,938) (383)(1,435) (615)
Prepaid expenses271
 422
(1,304) (37)
Deferred policy acquisition costs, net(9,196) (1,561)(3,418) (2,298)
Other assets453
 (612)16
 453
Unearned premiums40,003
 11,993
18,322
 5,985
Reserve for insurance claims and claims expenses275
 2
458
 104
Accounts payable and accrued expenses3,131
 3
(11,085) (4,291)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities16,171
 (19,553)735
 (7,542)
Cash flows from investing activities      
Purchase of fixed-maturity investments, available-for-sale(111,215) (4,359)(71,319) (61,676)
Proceeds from redemptions, maturities and sale of fixed-maturity investments, available-for-sale129,666
 112,132
89,422
 33,935
Purchase of software and equipment(4,173) (6,641)(2,319) (1,317)
Net cash provided by investing activities14,278
 101,132
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities15,784
 (29,058)
Cash flows from financing activities      
Issuance of common stock415
 1,086
449
 333
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards(1,094) (1,072)(608) (334)
Gain from settlement of warrants
 (37)
Repayments of term loan(375) 
Net cash used in financing activities(679) (23)(534) (1)
      
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents29,770
 81,556
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents15,985
 (36,601)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period103,021
 55,929
57,317
 103,021
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$132,791
 $137,485
$73,302
 $66,420
   
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information   
Noncash financing activities   
Interest paid$3,255
 $
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

9

NMI HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)



1. Organization and Basis of Presentation
NMI Holdings, Inc. (NMIH) is a Delaware corporation, incorporated in May 2011, to provide private mortgage guaranty insurance (which we refer to as mortgage insurance or MI) through its wholly owned insurance subsidiaries, National Mortgage Insurance Corporation (NMIC) and National Mortgage Reinsurance Inc One (Re One). Freddie MacIn April 2012, we completed a private placement of our securities, through which we offered and Fannie Mae each approved NMIC assold an eligible mortgage insurer,aggregate of 55,000,000 of our Class A common shares resulting in net proceeds of approximately $510 million (the Private Placement), and we completed the acquisition of our insurance subsidiaries for $8.5 million in cash, common stock and warrants, plus the assumption of $1.3 million in liabilities. In November 2013, we completed an initial public offering of 2.4 million shares of our common stock, and our common stock began trading on January 15,the NASDAQ exchange on November 8, 2013, and January 16, 2013, respectively, which approvals are conditioned upon NMIC maintaining certain conditions, generally throughunder the end of 2015 (GSE Approval). symbol "NMIH."
In April 2013, NMIC, our primary insurance subsidiary, wrote ourissued its first mortgage insurance policy. NMIC is fully licensed to write mortgage insurance in all 50 states and D.C. In August 2015, NMIH capitalized with $0.5 million a wholly owned subsidiary, NMI Services, Inc. (NMIS), through which we expectbegan to offer outsourced loan review services to mortgage loan originators starting in the fourth quarter of 2015.
As of September 30, 2015, we had $10.6 billion of primary insurance in force (IIF) and $4.3 billion of pool IIF, with $2.6 billion of primary risk-in-force (RIF) and $93.1 million of pool RIF.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which include the results of NMIH and its wholly owned subsidiaries, have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q as prescribed by the SEC for interim reporting and include other information and disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (GAAP). Our accounts are maintained in U.S. dollars. These statements should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 20142015 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated. The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities, as well as disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the balance sheet date. Estimates also affect the reported amounts of income and expenses for the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The results of operations for the interim period may not be indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2015.2016.
Earnings per Share
Basic net loss per share is based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, while diluted net loss per share is based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and common stock equivalents that would be issuable upon the exercise of stock options, other share-based compensation arrangements, and the dilutive effect of outstanding warrants. As a result of our net losses for the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2016 and 2015, 7,351,338 and 2014, 6,311,956 and 5,854,306,7,137,901, respectively, of our common stock equivalents we issued under share-based compensation arrangements and warrants were not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share as of such dates because they were anti-dilutive.
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs
Costs directly associated with the successful acquisition of mortgage insurance policies, consisting of certain selling expenses and other policy issuance and underwriting expenses, are initially deferred and reported as deferred policy acquisition costs (DAC). For each book year of business, these costs are amortized to expense in proportion to estimated gross profits over the estimated life of the policies. Total amortization of DAC for the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2016 and 2015 and 2014 were $1.8$0.9 million and $108 thousand,$0.4 million, respectively.
Premium Deficiency Reserves
We consider whether a premium deficiency exists at each fiscal quarter using best estimate assumptions as of the testing date. Per Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 944, a premium deficiency reserve shall be recognized if the sum of expected claim costs and claim adjustment expenses, expected dividends to policyholders, unamortized acquisition costs and maintenance costs exceeds related unearned premiums and anticipated investment income. We have determined that no premium deficiency reserves were necessary for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 or 2014.2015.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In August 2014, the FASB issued an update that requires an entity's management to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about that entity's ability to continue as a going concern and, if so, disclose that fact. An entity's management will also be required to evaluate and disclose whether its plans alleviate that doubt. The guidance is effective for annual periods ending after
NMI HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

December 15, 2016 and for interim and annual periods thereafter. We do not expect the adoption of this update to have a material effect on the presentation of our financial statements and notes therein.
In April 2015 , the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) 2015-03, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Cost (Subtopic 835-30). This update is intended to simplify the presentation of debt issuance costs. In accordance with the new standard, debt issuance costs are presented as a direct deduction from long-term debt. The amended guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning December 15, 2015, with early adoption permitted. The Company has elected to early adopt ASU 2015-03 beginning with the year ended December 31, 2015. Application of this standard eliminated the presentation of a deferred cost (asset) and instead required debt issuance costs be presented as a direct deduction from total debt.
In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU)ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). This update is intended to provide a consistent approach in recognizing revenue. In accordance with the new standard, recognition of revenue occurs when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the new standard requires that reporting companies disclose the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. In August 2015, ASU 2015-14 deferred the provisions of ASU 2014-09 to be effective for interim and annual periods

10

NMI HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this ASU will have on the consolidated financial statements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718). This update is intended to provide improvements to employee share-based payment accounting. The areas for simplification in the update involve several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. For public business entities, the amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted in any period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this ASU will have on the consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This update requires that businesses recognize rights and obligations associated with certain leases as assets and liabilities on the balance sheet. The standard also requires additional disclosures regarding the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases.  For public business entities, this update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods therin. Early adoption is permitted in any period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this ASU will have on the consolidated financial statements.
Reclassifications
Certain items in the financial statements as of September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 and for the periodsperiod ended September 30, 2014March 31, 2015 have been reclassified to conform to the current period's presentation. There was no effect on net income or shareholders' equity previously reported.
2. Investments
We have designated our investment portfolio as available-for-sale and report it at fair value. The related unrealized gains and losses are, after considering the related tax expense or benefit, recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in shareholders' equity. Net realized investment gains and losses are reported in income based upon specific identification of securities sold.
Fair Values and Gross Unrealized Gains and Losses on Investments
Amortized
Cost
 Gross Unrealized Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
 Gross Unrealized Fair
Value
 Gains Losses  Gains Losses 
As of September 30, 2015(In Thousands)
As of March 31, 2016(In Thousands)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies$68,243
 $86
 $(106) $68,223
$59,941
 $335
 $(30) $60,246
Municipal debt securities11,001
 7
 (24) 10,984
23,478
 468
 (38) 23,908
Corporate debt securities179,650
 486
 (2,793) 177,343
317,962
 5,965
 (1,407) 322,520
Asset-backed securities57,745
 288
 (128) 57,905
113,963
 293
 (707) 113,549
Total bonds515,344
 7,061
 (2,182) 520,223
Short-term investments36,436
 24
 
 36,460
Total investments$316,639
 $867
 $(3,051) $314,455
$551,780
 $7,085
 $(2,182) $556,683
NMI HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Amortized
Cost
 Gross Unrealized Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
 Gross Unrealized Fair
Value
 Gains Losses  Gains Losses 
As of December 31, 2014(In Thousands)
As of December 31, 2015(In Thousands)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies$68,911
 $7
 $(573) $68,345
$84,968
 $4
 $(490) $84,482
Municipal debt securities12,009
 27
 (73) 11,963
20,209
 44
 (174) 20,079
Corporate debt securities200,358
 883
 (1,456) 199,785
337,273
 431
 (4,377) 333,327
Asset-backed securities56,440
 222
 (254) 56,408
101,320
 76
 (603) 100,793
Total bonds543,770
 555
 (5,644) 538,681
Short-term investments20,549
 5
 
 20,554
Total investments$337,718
 $1,139
 $(2,356) $336,501
$564,319
 $560
 $(5,644) $559,235
Scheduled Maturities
The amortized cost and fair values of available for sale securities atas of September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2014,2015, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Because most asset-backed securities provide for periodic payments throughout their lives, they are listed below in separate categories.
As of March 31, 2016Amortized
Cost
 Fair
Value
 (In Thousands)
Due in one year or less$47,549
 $47,572
Due after one through five years178,408
 179,487
Due after five through ten years195,378
 200,244
Due after ten years16,482
 15,831
Asset-backed securities113,963
 113,549
Total investments$551,780
 $556,683
As of September 30, 2015Amortized
Cost
 Fair
Value
As of December 31, 2015Amortized
Cost
 Fair
Value
(In Thousands)(In Thousands)
Due in one year or less$17,951
 $17,971
$62,745
 $62,743
Due after one through five years149,970
 150,086
187,633
 186,629
Due after five through ten years72,232
 70,149
193,379
 190,055
Due after ten years18,741
 18,344
19,242
 19,015
Asset-backed securities57,745
 57,905
101,320
 100,793
Total investments$316,639
 $314,455
$564,319
 $559,235

11

NMI HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

As of December 31, 2014Amortized
Cost
 Fair
Value
 (In Thousands)
Due in one year or less$6,110
 $6,125
Due after one through five years195,492
 194,472
Due after five through ten years54,360
 53,891
Due after ten years25,316
 25,605
Asset-backed securities56,440
 56,408
Total investments$337,718
 $336,501
Aging of Unrealized Losses
AtAs of September 30, 2015March 31, 2016, the investment portfolio had gross unrealized losses of $3.12.2 million, $0.5$0.3 million of which has been in an unrealized loss position for a period of 12 months or greater. We did not consider these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2015.March 31, 2016. We based our conclusion that these investments were not other-than-temporarily impaired atas of September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 on the following facts: (i) the unrealized losses were primarily caused by interest rate movements since the purchase date; (ii) we do not intend to sell these investments; and (iii) we do not believe that it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell these investments before recovery of our amortized cost basis, which may not occur until maturity. For those securities in an unrealized loss position, the length of time the securities were in such a position is as follows:
 Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or Greater Total
 # of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses # of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses # of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses
As of September 30, 2015 (Dollars in Thousands)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies2
$12,740
$(57) 4
$19,990
$(49) 6
$32,730
$(106)
Municipal debt securities


 2
4,976
(24) 2
4,976
(24)
Corporate debt securities34
96,420
(2,473) 5
13,589
(320) 39
110,009
(2,793)
Assets-backed securities5
8,773
(71) 3
9,273
(57) 8
18,046
(128)
Total investments41
$117,933
$(2,601) 14
$47,828
$(450) 55
$165,761
$(3,051)
NMI HOLDINGS, INC.
 Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or Greater Total
 # of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses # of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses # of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses
As of December 31, 2014 (Dollars in Thousands)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies4
$7,228
$(33) 10
$49,884
$(540) 14
$57,112
$(573)
Municipal debt securities1
3,232
(18) 1
1,695
(55) 2
4,927
(73)
Corporate debt securities26
60,334
(559) 22
65,806
(897) 48
126,140
(1,456)
Assets-backed securities3
10,614
(57) 4
20,047
(197) 7
30,661
(254)
Total investments34
$81,408
$(667) 37
$137,432
$(1,689) 71
$218,840
$(2,356)
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

 Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or Greater Total
 # of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses # of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses # of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses
As of March 31, 2016 (Dollars in Thousands)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies5
$7,537
$(17) 9
$4,685
$(13) 14
$12,222
$(30)
Municipal debt securities1
1,717
(33) 1
3,245
(5) 2
4,962
(38)
Corporate debt securities36
48,691
(1,209) 7
7,699
(198) 43
56,390
(1,407)
Asset-backed securities42
58,765
(664) 7
5,213
(43) 49
63,978
(707)
Total investments84
$116,710
$(1,923) 24
$20,842
$(259) 108
$137,552
$(2,182)
 Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or Greater Total
 # of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses # of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses # of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses
As of December 31, 2015 (Dollars in Thousands)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies14
$50,558
$(397) 4
$10,194
$(93) 18
$60,752
$(490)
Municipal debt securities4
11,293
(165) 1
3,242
(9) 5
14,535
(174)
Corporate debt securities83
244,128
(4,124) 4
9,220
(253) 87
253,348
(4,377)
Asset-backed securities27
69,878
(498) 4
9,208
(105) 31
79,086
(603)
Total investments128
$375,857
$(5,184) 13
$31,864
$(460) 141
$407,721
$(5,644)
Net Investment Income
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, net investment income was comprised of $2.0$3.4 million of investment income from fixed maturities and $5.5$0.2 million of investment expenses, compared to $1.7 million of investment income from fixed maturities and $0.1 million and $0.3 million of investment expenses, respectively, compared to $1.5 million and $4.7 million of investment income from fixed maturities and $0.1 million and $0.4 million of investment expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, respectively.March 31, 2015.
As of September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 and December 31, 20142015, there were approximately $7.0 million of cash and investments in the form of U.S. Treasury securities on deposit with various state insurance departments to satisfy regulatory requirements.

12

NMI HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Net Realized Investment Gains (Losses)
For the three months ended September 30, For the nine months ended September 30,For the three months ended March 31,
2015 2014 2015 20142016 2015
(In Thousands)(In Thousands)
Gross realized investment gains$266
 $566
 $1,526
 $566
$556
 $849
Gross realized investment losses(281) (432) (574) (432)(1,441) (236)
Net realized investment (losses) gains$(15) $134
 $952
 $134
$(885) $613
3. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The following is a list of those assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value by hierarchy level:
 Fair Value Measurements Using  
 Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 Fair Value
As of September 30, 2015(In Thousands)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies$41,404
 $26,819
 $
 $68,223
Municipal debt securities
 10,984
 
 10,984
Corporate debt securities
 177,343
 
 177,343
Asset-backed securities
 57,905
 
 57,905
Cash and cash equivalents132,791
 
 
 132,791
Total assets$174,195
 $273,051
 $
 $447,246
Warrant liability$
 $
 $1,899
 $1,899
Total liabilities$
 $
 $1,899
 $1,899
 Fair Value Measurements Using  
 Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 Fair Value
As of December 31, 2014(In Thousands)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies$39,176
 $29,169
 $
 $68,345
Municipal debt securities
 11,963
 
 11,963
Corporate debt securities
 199,785
 
 199,785
Asset-backed securities
 56,408
 
 56,408
Cash and cash equivalents103,021
 
 
 103,021
Total assets$142,197
 $297,325
 $
 $439,522
Warrant liability$
 $
 $3,372
 $3,372
Total liabilities$
 $
 $3,372
 $3,372

13

NMI HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

 Fair Value Measurements Using  
 Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 Fair Value
As of March 31, 2016(In Thousands)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies$37,429
 $22,817
 $
 $60,246
Municipal debt securities
 23,907
 
 23,907
Corporate debt securities
 322,520
 
 322,520
Asset-backed securities
 113,549
 
 113,549
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments109,763
 
 
 109,763
Total assets$147,192
 $482,793
 $
 $629,985
Warrant liability$
 $
 $797
 $797
Total liabilities$
 $
 $797
 $797
 Fair Value Measurements Using  
 Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 Fair Value
As of December 31, 2015(In Thousands)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies$65,185
 $19,297
 $
 $84,482
Municipal debt securities
 20,079
 
 20,079
Corporate debt securities
 333,327
 
 333,327
Asset-backed securities
 100,793
 
 100,793
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments
77,872
 
 
 77,872
Total assets$143,057
 $473,496
 $
 $616,553
Warrant liability$
 $
 $1,467
 $1,467
Total liabilities$
 $
 $1,467
 $1,467
The following is a roll-forward of Level 3 liabilities measured at fair value:
For the nine months ended September 30,For the three months ended March 31,
Warrant Liability2015 20142016 2015
(In Thousands)(In Thousands)
Balance, January 1$3,372
 $6,371
$1,467
 $3,372
Change in fair value of warrant liability included in earnings(1,473) (3,009)(670) (1,248)
Issuance of common stock on warrant exercise
 (13)
 
Gain on settlement of warrants
 (37)
 
Balance, September 30$1,899
 $3,312
Balance, March 31$797
 $2,124
We revalue the warrant liability quarterly using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model, in combination with a binomial model, and we value the pricing protection features within the warrants using a Monte-Carlo simulation model. As of September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, the assumptions used in the option-pricing model were as follows: a common stock price as of September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 of $7.60,$5.05, risk free interest rate of 1.56%1.36%, expected life of 6.005.92 years, expected volatility of 32.7%35.5% and a dividend yield of 0%. The change in fair value is primarily attributable to a decline in the price of our common stock from December 31, 20142015 to September 30, 2015.March 31, 2016.
NMI HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

4. Term Loan
On November 10, 2015, we entered into a credit agreement (the Credit Agreement) to obtain a three-year senior secured term loan B (the Term Loan) for $150 million. The Term Loan bears interest at the Eurodollar based rate (1% floor) plus an annual margin rate of 7.5% (8.5% for the first quarter of 2016), payable quarterly. Quarterly principal payments of $375 thousand are also required. The outstanding balance as of March 31, 2016 was $149.3 million.
Debt issuance costs totaling $4.4 million and a 1% debt discount are being amortized to interest expense, using the effective interest method, over the contractual life of the Term Loan. Effective interest rate for the Term Loan includes interest, amortization of issuance cost and the discount. For the quarter ended March 31, 2016, the Company recorded $3.6 million of interest expense, including amortization of the issuance cost and discount.
NMIH is subject to certain quarterly covenants under the Credit Agreement. These covenants include, but are not limited to the following: a maximum debt-to-total capitalization ratio (as defined) of 35%, maximum risk-to-capital (RTC) ratio of 22.0:1.0, liquidity (as defined) of $36 million as of March 31, 2016, compliance with financial requirements of PMIERs, and equity requirements. This description is not intended to be complete in all respects and is qualified in its entirety by the terms of the Credit Agreement, including its covenants and events of default. We were in compliance with all covenants as of March 31, 2016.
Future principal payments for the Company's Term Loan as of March 31, 2016 are as follows:
As of March 31, 2016 Principal
  (In thousands)
2016 $1,125
2017 1,500
2018 146,625
Total $149,250
   

5. Reserves for Insurance Claims and Claims Expenses
We establish claim reserves to recognize the estimated liability for insurance claims and claim expenses related to defaults on insured mortgage loans. Our method, consistent with industry practice, is to establish claim reserves only for loans in default. Our claim reserves also include amounts for estimated claims incurred on loans that have been in default for at least 60 days that have not yet been reported to us by the servicers, often referred to as IBNR. As of September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, we have established reserves for insurance claims of $358 thousand$1.1 million for twenty55 primary loans in default. We settled our first primary claim in July 2015 for $4 thousand.did not pay any claims during the quarter ended March 31, 2016.
In 2013, we entered into a pool insurance agreementtransaction with Fannie Mae. We only establish claim or IBNR reserves for pool risk if we expect claims to exceed the deductible under the pool agreement, which represents the amount of claims absorbed by Fannie Mae before we are obligated to pay any claims. At September 30, 2015March 31, 2016, thirty-six40 loans in the pool were past due by sixty60 days or more. These thirty-six40 loans represent approximately $2.4$2.6 million in RIF. Due to the size of the remaining deductible of $10.3 million, the low level of notices of default (NODs) reported through September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 and the expected severity (all loans in the pool have loan-to-value ratios (LTVs) under 80%), we have not established any pool reserves for claims or IBNR for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 and 2014.2015. In connection with settlement of pool claims, we applied $18 thousand to the pool deductible through September 30, 2015.March 31, 2016. We have not paid any pool claims to date.

14

NMI HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending reserve balances for primary insurance claims and claims expenses:
For the nine months ended September 30,For the three months ended March 31,
2015 20142016 2015
(In Thousands)(In Thousands)
Balance, January 1$83
 $
$679
 $83
      
Claims incurred:      
Claims and claim expenses incurred:      
Current year358
 2
553
 80
Prior years(79) 
(95) 24
Total claims incurred279
 2
458
 104
      
Claims paid:      
Claims and claim expenses paid:      
Current year
 

 
Prior years4
 

 
Total claims paid4
 

 
      
Balance, September 30$358
 $2
Balance, March 31$1,137
 $187
There was a $79$95 thousand favorable prior year development during the ninethree months ended September 30, 2015March 31, 2016. There were no$584 thousand of reserves remaining for defaults occurring in prior years as of September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 as a result of NOD cures and claim payments. The decrease in the period is generally the result of ongoing analysis of recent loss development trends. We may increase or decrease our original estimates as we learn additional information about individual defaults and claims.
5.6. Warrants
In April 2012, weWe issued 992,000 warrants in connection with an aggregate fair value of $5.1 million upon the completion of a private placement of our securities and in conjunction with the acquisition of our insurance subsidiaries.Private Placement. Each warrant gives the holder thereof the right to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price equal to $10.00. The warrants were issued with an aggregate fair value of $5.1 million.
Upon exercise of these warrants, the amounts are reclassified from warrant liability towill be treated as additional paid-in capital. During the first quarter of 2014, 7,790 warrants were exercised, and we issued 1,115 Class A common shares via a cashless exercise. Upon exercise we recognized a gain of approximately $37 thousand. No warrants have been exercised for the nine monthsthree month periods ended September 30,March 31, 2016 or March 31, 2015.
We account for these warrants to purchase our common shares in accordance with ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options and ASC 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity's Own Equity.
6.7. Income Taxes
We are a U.S. taxpayer and are subject to a statutory U.S. federal corporate income tax rate of 35%. Our holding company files a consolidated U.S. federal and various state income tax returns on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries. We currently pay no federal income tax, and had a federal net operating loss carryforward as of December 31, 2015 of $139.4 million. Our effective income tax rate on our pre-tax loss was 0.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, compared to 2.5%3.0% for the comparable 2014 period. Our effective income tax rate on our pre-tax loss was 0.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 compared to 3.9% for the comparable 2014 period. During those periods, the benefits from income taxes were eliminated or reduced by the recognition of a full valuation allowance which was recorded to reflect the amount of the deferred taxes that may not be realized.

15

NMI HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

7.8. Statutory Information
Our insurance subsidiaries, NMIC and Re One, file financial statements in conformity with statutory basis accounting principles (SAP) prescribed or permitted by the Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance (Wisconsin OCI), NMIC's principal regulator. Prescribed SAP includes state laws, regulations and general administrative rules, as well as a variety of publications of the NAIC. The Wisconsin OCI recognizes only statutory accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the state of Wisconsin for determining and reporting the financial condition and results of operations of an insurance company and for determining its solvency under Wisconsin insurance laws.
NMIC and Re One's combined statutory net loss, statutory surplus, contingency reserve and risk-to-capital (RTC) ratios were as follows:
As of and for the nine months and year ended September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectivelySeptember 30, 2015 December 31, 2014
As of and for the three months and year endedMarch 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
(In Thousands)(In Thousands)
Statutory net loss$(38,591) $(47,961)$(10,350) $(52,322)
Statutory surplus201,140
 236,738
381,451
 391,422
Contingency reserve23,714
 9,401
42,467
 32,564
Risk-to-Capital11.8:1
 3.6:1
10.8:1
 8.7:1
NMIH is not subject to any limitations on its ability to pay dividends except those generally applicable to corporations that are incorporated in Delaware, such as NMIH. Delaware corporation law provides that dividends are only payable out of a corporation's capital surplus or recent net profits (subject to certain limitations). Since inception, NMIC has not paid any dividends to NMIH. As NMIC had a statutory net loss for the year ended December 31, 2014,2015, NMIC cannot pay any dividends to NMIH through December 31, 2015,2016, without the prior approval of the Wisconsin OCI. Additionally, NMIC will not be permitted to pay dividends to NMIH until after December 31, 2015 as a condition of GSE Approval or until January 2016 under agreements with various state insurance regulators.

16




Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following analysis should be read in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in this report and our audited financial statements, notes thereto and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" included in our Annual Report on Form2015 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2014, for a more complete understanding of our financial position and results of operations. In addition, investors should review the "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" above and the "Risk Factors" detailed in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form2015 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2014, as updated in Part II, Item 1A of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2015 and as subsequently updated in reports we file with the SEC, for a discussion of those risks and uncertainties that have the potential to affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or prospects in a material and adverse manner. Our results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for a full fiscal year or for any other period.
Overview
We provide MI through our insurance subsidiaries. Our primary insurance subsidiary, NMIC, is a qualified MI provider on loans purchased by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac (collectively, the GSEsGSEs) and is licensed in all 50 states and D.C. to issue mortgage insurance.MI. Our reinsurance subsidiary, Re One, solely provides reinsurance to NMIC on certain loans insured by NMIC to meet state statutory coverage limits. Our subsidiary, NMIS, began offering outsourced loan review services to mortgage loan originators in the fourth quarter of 2015. Our stock trades on the NASDAQ under the symbol "NMIH."
MI protects mortgage lenders from all or a portion of default-related losses on residential mortgage loans made to home buyers who generally make down payments of less than 20% of the home's purchase price. By protecting lenders and investors from credit losses, we help facilitate the availability of mortgages to prospective, primarily first-time, U.S. home buyers, thus promoting homeownership while protecting lenders and investors against potential losses related to a borrower's default. MI also facilitates the sale of these mortgage loans in the secondary mortgage market, most of which are sold to the GSEs. We are one of seven companies in the U.S.United States who offer MI. Our business strategy is to become a leading national MI companycontinue to gain market share with our principal focus on writing insurance on high quality, low down payment residential mortgages in the U.S.
We had $10.6total insurance-in-force (IIF) of $22.7 billion and total risk-in-force (RIF) of $4.6 billion as of March 31, 2016, compared to total IIF of $19.1 billion and total RIF of $3.7 billion as of December 31, 2015. Of total IIF as of March 31, 2016, we had $18.6 billion of primary IIF and $4.3$4.1 billion of pool IIF, as of September 30, 2015, compared to $3.4$14.8 billion of primary IIF and $4.7$4.2 billion of pool IIF as of December 31, 2014.2015. As of September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, our primary RIF was $2.6$4.5 billion compared to primary RIF of $801.6 million$3.6 billion as of December 31, 2014.2015. Pool RIF was $93.1 million as of September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2014.2015.
We discuss below our results of operations for the periods presented, as well as the conditions and trends that have impacted or are expected to impact our business, including customer development, new business writings, the composition of our insurance portfolio and other factors that we expect to impact our results.
Our headquarters are located in Emeryville, California and our website is www.nationalmi.com. Our website and the information contained on or accessible through our website are not incorporated by reference into this report.
Conditions and Trends Impacting Our Business    
Customer Development
Our sales and marketing strategy is focused on increasing market share from existing customers and attracting new mortgage originator customers in the U.S. that fall into two primary categories, which we refer to as "National Accounts" and "Regional Accounts." Since we started MI operations in April 2013, we have significantlyconsistently increased our customer base and market share, and we expect to continue to acquire new customers and increase our market share with existing customers. We had 9061023 Master Policy holders as of March 31, 2016, compared to 777 master policy holders as of September 30, 2015, compared to 664 as of September 30, 2014.March 31, 2015. Of those master policy holders, 391469 or 43%45.8% were generating new insurance written (NIW) in the thirdfirst quarter of 2015,2016, compared to 180291 or 27%,37.5% generating NIW in the thirdfirst quarter of 2014.2015.
New Insurance Written, Insurance in Force and Premiums
PrimaryNMIC's primary insurance may be written on a flow basis, in which loans are insured in individual, loan-by-loan transactions, or may be written on an aggregated basis, in which each loan in a portfolio of loans is individually insured in a single transaction. MI mayNMIC has also be written pool insurance under an agreement with Fannie Mae, in a pool policy, wherewhich it insured a group of loans (or pool) are insured under a single contract. Poolin one transaction. NMIC's pool insurance may havehas a stated aggregate loss limit for a pool of loans and may also have a deductible under which no losses are paid by the insurerNMIC until losses on the pool of loans exceed the deductible. See Item 1, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 5, Reserves for Insurance Claims and Claims Expenses," above.
We set premiums at the time a policy is issued based on our expectations regarding likely performance over the term of


coverage. We offer borrower-paid (BPMI) and lender-paid (LPMI) mortgage insurance options. Premium rates are based on the risk characteristics of each insured loan and the capital required to support particular products.  Capital charges are governed primarily by the GSEs' private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements (PMIERs), as well as by regulatory and economic capital requirements. See "- GSE Oversight" and "- Capital Position of our Insurance Subsidiaries," below.
We offer monthly, annual and single premium payment plans. Policies written on a single premium basis are paid through a single, upfront payment, the majority of which is initially deferred as unearned premium and earned over the policy term. For monthly policies, premiums are earned and collected each month as coverage is provided.
The table below shows primary and pool IIF, NIW and premiums written and earned. Single NIW and IIF include policies written on an aggregated and flow basis.
Primary and pool IIF and NIWAs of and for the quarter ended
 March 31, 2016 March 31, 2015
 IIF
NIW IIF NIW
 (In Thousands)
Monthly$9,209,600
 $2,491,671
 $2,258,776
 $918,697
Single9,354,522
 1,762,403
 2,576,472
 777,445
Primary18,564,122
 4,254,074
 4,835,248
 1,696,142
        
Pool4,135,620
 
 4,621,346
 
Total$22,699,742
 $4,254,074
 $9,456,594
 $1,696,142

Primary and pool premiums written and earnedFor the quarter ended
 March 31, 2016 March 31, 2015
 (In Thousands)
Net premiums written$38,129
 $12,921
Net premiums earned19,807
 6,936
In our industry, a "book" is a group of loans that an MI company insures in a particular period, normally a calendar year.


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The table below shows primary and pool IIF, NIW and premiums written and earned. Single NIW and IIF includes policies written on an aggregated and flow basis.
Primary and pool IIF and NIWAs of and for the quarter ended For the nine months ended
 September 30, 2015 June 30, 2015 September 30, 2015
 IIF NIW IIF NIW NIW
 (In Thousands)
Monthly$5,087,431
 $1,581,617
 $3,616,951
 $1,460,166
 $3,960,480
Single5,514,061
 2,051,123
 3,573,463
 1,088,349
 3,916,917
Primary10,601,492
 3,632,740
 7,190,414
 2,548,515
 7,877,397
          
Pool4,339,508
 
 4,475,653
 
 
Total$14,941,000
 $3,632,740
 $11,666,067
 $2,548,515
 $7,877,397
Primary and pool premiums written and earnedFor the quarter ended
 September 30, 2015 June 30, 2015
 (In Thousands)
Net premiums written$35,360
 $20,347
Net premiums earned12,834
 8,856
Primary NIW increased 43% from the second quarter as a result of an increase in our primary flow business for the quarter ended September 30, 2015. Single NIW increased 88% over the second quarter of 2015 due to greater lender demand for our single premium mortgage insurance products. Single premiums written on an aggregated basis were 19% of total NIW in the third quarter, down from 24% in the prior quarter.
We set premiums at the time a policy is issued based on our expectations regarding likely performance over the term of coverage. Premium rates are impacted by the risk characteristics of each insured loan and by capital required to support particular products.  Capital charges for lender-paid policies will increase in 2016 pursuant to recently issued GSE capital requirements. See "Conditions and Trends Impacting our Business - GSE Oversight - GSE PMIERs", below. We expect our product mix and the average premium rate we charge on our monthly primary flow MI policies to be comparable with the industry in general. Premiums written and earned in a year are generally influenced by NIW, pricing and persistency. Additionally, premiums earned are influenced by the amortization of earnings over the policy life in accordance with the expiration of risk for policies covering more than one year.
In general, the majority of any underwriting profit (i.e., the earned premium revenue minus claims and expenses, excluding investment income) that a book generates occurs in the early years of the book, with the largest portion of the underwriting profit for that book realized in the first year. This pattern generally occurs because relatively few of the claims that a book will ultimately experience typically occur in the first few years of the book, when premium revenue is highest, while subsequent years are affected by declining premium revenues, as the number of insured loans decreases (primarily due to loan prepayments), and by increasing losses. The earnings we record and the cash flow we receive vary based on the type of MI product and premium plan our customers select. We offer
For the quarter ended March 31, 2016, primary NIW increased 151% over the first quarter of 2015 as a result of significant growth in our customer base and primary flow business. In the first quarter of 2016, monthly annualpremium NIW increased 171% over the first quarter of 2015 due to greater lender demand for our monthly premium MI products and the growth of our insurance business.
For the quarter ended March 31, 2016, we had net premiums written of $38.1 million and premiums earned of $19.8 million, compared to net premiums written of $12.9 million and premiums earned of $6.9 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2015. Premiums written and earned are generally influenced by NIW, product mix, pricing and persistency. Additionally, premiums earned are influenced by the amortization of earnings on our single premium payment plans. The levelproduct over the policies' expected lives in accordance with the expiration of competition withinrisk for policies covering more than one year.
In recent years, the private MI industry, including NMIC, has been intense and is not expected to diminish. Lenders are requesting discounts from mortgage insurers with greater frequency,experienced price competition, particularly with respect to lender paid mortgage insuranceLPMI single premium policies.  If the percentage of our new business represented byThrough 2015, single premium policies continues to remainhad comprised a majority of our NIW, some of which were written at elevated levels or if we reduce pricesrates below our published rate card, which may impact our premium yields in the near term. In January 2016, in response to future price competition,the required assets provisions of PMIERs, including the additional capital charges applied to LPMI products, we implemented new LPMI and BPMI rates to target a mid-teens return, which we expect will improve premium yields on our LPMI single premium policies.  These PMIER imposed LPMI capital charges also drove premium rate increases throughout the industry.  We expect that


with our premium yields could decrease.rate changes, the mix of business we write will begin to shift to a higher percentage of monthly premium policies. This shift began to occur in the first quarter of 2016.

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Portfolio Statistics
The table below shows primary NIW, IIF, RIF, policies in force, the weighted average coverage and loans in default, by quarter, for the last five quarters.
Primary portfolio trendsAs of and for the quarter endedAs of and for the quarter ended
September 30, 2015 June 30, 2015 March 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 September 30, 2014March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 September 30, 2015 June 30, 2015 March 31, 2015
(Dollars in Thousands)(Dollars in Thousands)
New insurance written$3,632,740
 $2,548,515
 $1,696,142
 $1,692,187
 $974,910
$4,254,074
 $4,546,759
 $3,632,740
 $2,548,515
 $1,696,142
Insurance in force (1)
$10,601,492
 $7,190,414
 $4,835,248
 $3,369,664
 $1,812,956
$18,564,122
 $14,823,926
 $10,601,492
 $7,190,414
 $4,835,248
Risk in force (1)
$2,553,347
 $1,715,442
 $1,145,602
 $801,561
 $435,722
$4,487,456
 $3,586,462
 $2,553,347
 $1,715,442
 $1,145,602
Policies in force (1)
46,175
 31,682
 21,225
 14,603
 7,628
79,700
 63,948
 46,175
 31,682
 21,225
Weighted average coverage (2)
24.1% 23.9% 23.7% 23.8% 24.0%24.2% 24.2% 24.1% 23.9% 23.7%
Loans in default (count)20
 9
 6
 4
 
55
 36
 20
 9
 6
Risk in force on defaulted loans$962
 $528
 $350
 $208
 $
$2,765
 $1,705
 $962
 $528
 $350

(1) 
Reported as of the end of the period.
(2) 
End of period RIF divided by IIF.
We utilize certain risk principles that form the basis of how we underwrite and originate primary NIW. We manage our portfolio credit risk by using several loan eligibility matrices which prescribe the maximum LTV, minimum borrower credit score, maximum loan size, property type and occupancy status of loans that we will insure. Our loan eligibility matrices, as well as all of our detailed underwriting guidelines, are contained in our Underwriting Guideline Manual that is publicly available on our website. Our eligibility criteria and underwriting guidelines are designed to mitigate the layered risk inherent in a single insurance policy. "Layered risk" refers to the accumulation of borrower, loan and property risk. For example, we have higher credit score and lower maximum allowed LTV requirements for riskier property types, such as investor properties, compared to owner-occupied properties.
We monitor the concentrations of various risk attributes in our insurance portfolio. Generally, insuring loans made to borrowers with higher credit scores tends to result in a lower frequency of claims than with loans made to borrowers with lower credit scores. As of September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, approximately 66% of each of our primary IIF and RIF were made up of approximately 63% and 62%, respectively,consisted of loans to borrowers who had credit scores at or above 740. Our primary weighted average FICO for primary NIW in the quarter ended September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 was 751.755. Additionally, as of September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, all loans in our insurance portfolio were full documentation loans, and approximately 3%4.4% of our RIF was on loans above 95% LTV. Our primary weighted average LTV for primary NIW in the quarter ended September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 was 91%.
The table below reflects a summary of the change in total primary IIF for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 and 2014.2015.
Primary IIFFor the three months ended September 30, For the nine months ended September 30,For the three months ended March 31,
2015 2014 2015 20142016 2015
(In Thousands)(In Thousands)  
IIF, beginning of period$7,190,414
 $939,753
 $3,369,664
 $161,731
$14,823,926
 $3,369,664
NIW3,632,740
 974,910
 7,877,397
 1,759,167
4,254,074
 1,696,142
Cancellations and other reductions(221,662) (101,707) (645,569) (107,942)(513,878) (230,558)
IIF, end of period$10,601,492
 $1,812,956
 $10,601,492
 $1,812,956
$18,564,122
 $4,835,248


Our persistency rate is the percentage of IIF that remains on our books after any twelve-month12-month period. Because our insurance premiums are earned over the life of a policy, changes in persistency rates can have a significant impact on our earnings. The persistency rate on our portfolio was 77.3%86.2% at September 30, 2015. In recent quarters,March 31, 2016. Persistency rates are sensitive to fluctuations in interest rates. Decreases in interest rates typically increase our portfolio's cancellation rate. When cancellations increase, we have experienced high volumes ofexperience lower profitability and returns on our monthly premium business, and conversely, higher returns on our single premium policy cancellations driven by refinance activity, which has contributed to lower persistencybusiness because, rather than generally expected. We believeamortizing the single premium over the expected life of the policy, cancellations will decreaseupon cancellation, we immediately recognize all unamortized single premium as interest rates rise.earned.

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The table below reflects a summary of our primary IIF and RIF by book year.
Primary IIF and RIFAs of September 30, 2015As of March 31, 2016
IIF RIFIIF RIF
(In Thousands)(In Thousands)
2015, through September 30, 2015$7,725,632
 $1,862,737
2016$4,232,299
 $1,010,827
201511,805,280
 2,864,146
20142,800,015
 672,745
2,461,156
 597,166
201375,845
 17,865
65,387
 15,317
Total$10,601,492
 $2,553,347
$18,564,122
 $4,487,456
The table below reflects our total primary IIF, RIF and average loan size, by FICO.
As of September 30, 2015As of March 31, 2016
PrimaryIIF RIF Average primary loan sizeIIF RIF Average primary loan size
(Dollars in Thousands)(Dollars in Thousands)
>= 740$6,673,029
63.0% $1,587,567
62.2% $237
$12,191,260
65.7% $2,954,383
65.8% $239
680 - 7393,492,541
32.9
 859,823
33.7
 221
5,696,679
30.7
 1,378,197
30.7
 224
620 - 679435,922
4.1
 105,957
4.1
 205
676,183
3.6
 154,876
3.5
 203
<= 619

 

 


 

 
Total$10,601,492
100.0% $2,553,347
100.0%  $18,564,122
100.0% $4,487,456
100.0%  
The table below reflects the percentageAs of March 31, 2016, 98% of our primary RIF by loan type.
Percentage of Primary RIF by loan typeAs of September 30, 2015
Fixed97.5%
Adjustable rate mortgages:
Less than five years
Five years and longer2.5
Total100.0%
was comprised of insurance on fixed rate mortgages, with the remaining 2% of our primary RIF consisting of insurance on adjustable rate mortgages of five years or greater. As of September 30, 2015March 31, 2016, 100% of our pool RIF was comprised of insurance on fixed rate mortgages.


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The following table reflects the percentage and policy count of our RIF by LTV. We calculate the LTV of a loan as a percentage of the original loan amount to the original value of the property securing the loan. In general, the lower the LTV the lower the likelihood of a default, and for loans that default, a lower LTV generally results in lower severity for a resulting claim, as the borrower has more equity in the property.
Total RIF by LTVAs of September 30, 2015As of March 31, 2016
% of Total RIF Policy Count% of Total RIF Policy Count
Primary  
95.01% and above3.1% 1,520
4.4% 3,741
90.01% to 95.00%54.5
 21,808
54.0
 37,304
85.01% to 90.00%34.0
 14,803
33.4
 25,197
80.01% to 85.00%8.4
 8,043
80.00% and below
 1
85.00% and below8.2
 13,458
Total primary100.0% 46,175
100.0% 79,700
Pool      
80.00% and below100.0% 19,296
100.0% 18,629
Total pool100.0% 19,296
100.0% 18,629


Geographic Dispersion
The following tables show the distribution by state of our IIF and RIF, for both primary and pool insurance. As of September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, our IIF and RIF continues to be relatively more concentrated in California, primarily as a result of the location and timing of the acquisition of new customers. With the broadening of our customer base, the concentration of primary IIF and RIF in California has declined from over 16% for both as of the end of 2014, to 14.0% and 13.2%, respectively, as of September 30, 2015. The distribution of risk across the states as of September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 is not necessarily representative of the geographic distribution we expect in the future. As we add new customers and receive greater allocations of business from our existing customers, we expect we will have increased flexibility to manage our state concentration levels.
Top 10 primary IIF and RIF by stateTop 10 primary IIF and RIF by stateIIF RIFTop 10 primary IIF and RIF by stateIIF RIF
As of September 30, 2015 
As of March 31, 2016As of March 31, 2016 
1.California14.0% 13.2%California14.0% 13.2%
2.Texas6.9
 7.1
Texas6.6
 6.8
3.Florida5.2
 5.4
Virginia5.9
 5.8
4.Michigan4.5
 4.6
Florida5.1
 5.3
5.Colorado4.3
 4.3
Michigan4.2
 4.3
6.Virginia4.0
 3.9
Colorado4.0
 4.1
7.Pennsylvania3.8
 3.9
Arizona3.7
 3.8
8.New Jersey3.7
 3.4
Pennsylvania3.5
 3.6
9.Ohio3.6
 3.8
North Carolina3.5
 3.5
10.Arizona3.5
 3.6
Maryland3.2
 3.1
Total53.5% 53.2%Total53.7% 53.5%

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Top 10 pool IIF and RIF by stateTop 10 pool IIF and RIF by stateIIF RIFTop 10 pool IIF and RIF by stateIIF RIF
As of September 30, 2015 
As of March 31, 2016As of March 31, 2016 
1.California28.4% 27.8%California20.8% 20.7%
2.Texas5.3
 5.4
Texas6.1
 6.1
3.Washington3.8
 3.8
Illinois4.4
 4.3
4.Colorado3.8
 3.8
Colorado3.8
 3.8
5.Massachusetts3.7
 3.6
Washington3.6
 3.6
6.Illinois3.7
 3.7
Florida3.6
 3.6
7.Virginia3.6
 3.6
Pennsylvania3.1
 3.1
8.New York2.9
 2.9
Massachusetts3.1
 3.1
9.New Jersey2.8
 2.8
Michigan3.1
 3.1
10.Florida2.8
 2.8
Wisconsin3.0
 3.0
Total60.8% 60.2%Total54.6% 54.4%
Reserve for Insurance Claims
Claims incurred is the current expense that is booked within a particular period to reflect actual and estimated claim payments that we believe will ultimately be made as a result of insured loans that are in default. We do not recognize an estimate of claim expense for loans that are not in default. As of September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, we have established reserves for insurance claims of $358 thousand$1.1 million for our twenty55 primary loans in default, compared to a reserve of $2$187 thousand for 6 primary loans in default as of September 30, 2014.March 31, 2015. We have not established any reserves for pool claims or IBNR to date. For additional discussion of our reserves, see, Item 1, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 4.5. Reserves for Insurance Claims and Claims Expenses."


Claims incurred is generally affected by a variety of factors, including:including the state of the economy, declines in housing values, andproduct mix of IIF, the size of loans insured and the percentage of coverage on insured loans,loans. Policies with higher average loan amounts and coverage percentages of insurance coverage tendingtend to result in higher incurred claim amounts.
We expect that claims incurred for the early years of our operations will be relatively low for the following reasons:
the typical distribution of claims over the life of a book results in fewer defaults during the first two years after loans are originated, usually peaking in years three through six and declining thereafter;
Until our portfolio matures, we expect our reported loss ratio will be less than 10%, due to loss development being generally insignificant in the early years of a loan cycle combined with strong growth in earned premiums on a year-over-year basis. We expect that the frequency of claims on our initial primary books of business should be between 2% and 3% of mortgages insured over the life of the book. For claims that we may receive, we expect the severity of the claim to be between 85% and 95% of the coverage amount. Based on these expectations, we estimate that the loss ratio over the life of each book will be between 20% and 25% of earned premiums. Until our portfolio matures, we expect our reported loss ratio will be less than 10%, due to loss development being generally insignificant in the early years of a loan cycle combined with strong growth in earned premiums on a year-over-year basis;
under the pool insurance agreement between NMIC and Fannie Mae, NMIC is responsible for claims only to the extent they exceed a deductible; and
low NIW in our early years of operations.
We developed our estimates of the expected frequency and severity of claims based on statutory filings by many of our competitors, which contain historical book year performance, as well as an industry dataset which consists of nearly 150 million mortgages and 80 data fields per mortgage, gathered over the past 17 years.  As state-regulated entities, mortgage insurers are required to file actuarial justifications for premium rate changes in many states, many of which are publicly available and include historical information on claim frequency and severity.  Historical performance data from similar underwriting, house price, and interest rate periods were compared to today to determine a range of expected performance.    To date, our loss experience is developing at a slower pace than historical trends have shown, as a result of high quality underwriting and a favorable housing market.

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GSE Oversight
GSE Approval Conditions
The GSEs are the principal purchasers of mortgages insured by MI companies. In January 2013,As a result, the GSEs approved NMIC as a qualified mortgage insurer,nature of the private MI industry in the U.S. is driven in large part by the requirements and in their approvals imposed certain capitalization, operational and reporting conditions on NMIC (collectively,practices of the GSE Approval), most of which remain in effect until they are superseded onGSEs.
On December 31, 2015, by the final PMIERs (discussed below). Until the new PMIERs are effective, NMIC is subject to ongoing compliance with the conditions in the GSE Approval as well as the GSEs' existing respective eligibility requirements.    
GSE PMIERs
On April 17, 2015, the Federal Housing Finance Agency published final updated PMIERs that will be effective on December 31, 2015 (Effective Date)went into effect for existing, GSE-approved private mortgage insurers, i.e., Approved Insurers. (Italicized terms have the same meaning that such terms have in the PMIERs, as described below.) The PMIERs establish operational, business, remedial and financial requirements applicable to Approved Insurers. The new financial requirements prescribe a risk-based capital methodology whereby the amount of capital required to be held against each insured loan is determined based on certain risk characteristics, such as FICO, vintage (year of origination), performing vs. non-performing, LTV and other risk features. A capital charge is calculated for each insured loan based on its risk profile. In general, higher quality loans carry lower capital charges.
Under the PMIERPMIERs financial requirements, Approved Insurers must maintain available assets that equal or exceed minimum required assets, which is an amount equal to the greater of (i) $400 million or (ii) a total risk-based required asset amount. The risk-based required asset amount is a function of the risk profile of an Approved Insurer’s net RIF, calculated by applying on a loan-by-loan basis certain risk-based factors derived from tables set out in the PMIERs to the net RIF. The risk-based required asset amount for primary insurance is subject to a floor of 5.6% of total, performing, primary RIF, and the risk-based required asset amount for pool insurance considers both the factors in the tables and the net remaining stop loss for each pool insurance policy. The PMIERs financial requirements also increase the amount of
By March 1, 2016, eachavailable assets that must be held by an Approved Insurer for loans originated on or after January 1, 2016 that are insured under LPMI policies not subject to automatic termination under the Home Owners Protection Act of 1998. As of March 31, 2016, under PMIERs financial requirements, NMIC's minimum required assets were approximately $302.9 million and its available assets were approximately $434.1 million.
Beginning in 2016, by April 15th of each year, NMIC must certify it met all PMIERs requirements as of December 31st of the prior year. We have certified to the GSEs that itNMIC fully complies with the PMIERs as of December 31, 2015. NMIC also has an ongoing obligation to immediately notify the Effective Date. If an Approved Insurer meets allGSEs in writing upon discovery of its failure to meet one or more of the PMIERs except the financial requirements, by March 31, 2016, that Approved Insurer must submit a transition planrequirements. We will continue to each GSE detailing how it will comply with the financial requirements not later than June 30, 2017 (Compliance Date). We expect that prior to the Effective Date, NMIC will have undertaken measures to fully comply with the PMIERs financial requirements as of the Effective Date or, by March 31, 2016, NMIC will submit a transition plan to the GSEs detailing how NMIC will fully comply with the PMIERs on the Compliance Date. NMIC'smonitor our compliance with the PMIERs financial requirements by the Effective Date or by the Compliance Date under a transition plan will likely include raising additional capital, which is consistent with the Company's previous disclosures regarding the need for future capital raises to fund growth in its business. Capital may be in the form of debt, equity, or a combination of both. Any such future capital raise would be conducted by means of a separate prospectus or other appropriate offering document and not by means of this report.going forward.
Capital Position of Our Insurance Subsidiaries and Financial Strength Ratings
In addition to GSE-imposed capital requirements, NMIC is also subject to state regulatory minimum capital requirements


based on its insured RIF. While formulations of this minimum capital may vary in each jurisdiction, the most common measure allows for a maximum permitted RTC ratio of 2525:1. As our insurance writings grow and our RIF increases, our RTC ratio will increase and NMIC's RTC metrics will become more important to 1.an evaluation of its capital needs to support future business writings.
As of September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, NMIC's primary gross RIF was approximately $2.6$4.5 billion, representing insurance on a total of 46,17579,700 policies in force, and pool RIF was approximately $93.1 million, representing insurance on a total of 19,29618,629 loans. Based on NMIC's total statutory surplus of $206$395 million at September 30, 2015,as of March 31, 2016, NMIC's RTC ratio was 11.5:1, significantly below the GSE and state regulatory maximum RTC thresholds. Similarly,10.5:1. Re One had total statutory capital of $18$29 million at September 30, 2015,as of March 31, 2016, with a RTC ratio of 14.2:15.2:1. Under the final PMIERs financial requirements, as discussed previously in "GSE Oversight," NMIC will be held to a maximum risk-to-available assets ratio starting on the Effective Date. As of September 30, 2015, NMIC’s risk-to-available assets ratio under the final PMIERs was 11.6:1. If the PMIERs were effective as of September 30, 2015, the risk-based required asset amount would be approximately $164 million for our primary IIF and $31 million for our pool IIF.
As a condition of GSE Approval, we were required to obtain a financial strength rating for NMIC. In July 2015, Standard & Poor's (S&P) Ratings Services assigned its "BBB-" financial strength and long-term counter-party credit ratings to NMIC. At the same time, S&P assigned its "BB-" long-term counter-party credit rating to NMIH.  S&P's outlook for both companies is "stable." In November 2015, Moody's Investors Service (Moody's) assigned a financial strength rating of "Ba2" to NMIC. Also at that time, Moody's assigned a B2 rating to the $150 million Term Loan held by NMIH. Moody's outlook for both companies is "stable."
Competition
The MI industry is highly competitive and currently consists of seven private mortgage insurers, including NMIC, as well as governmental agencies like the FHA and the VA.
Private MI
MI companies compete based on service, customer relationships, underwriting, and other factors including price. In the recent years,past, lenders have pressured MIs to offer discounted rates, primarily on single premium LPMI.  Higher capital requirements imposed by the PMIERs have also had an effect on premium rates.  We expect the MI industry has been in a state of transition. There are now seven MI companies serving the mortgage market. Given this dynamic, we expect that themarket to remain highly competitive, with pressure for industry participants to grow or maintain their market share will continue

23



in the coming years.  Our competitors' respective shareshares of the private MI market at June 30,for the quarter ended December 31, 2015 ranged from single percentage points penetration to a high of approximately 26%21%.
Competition with FHA
Although there has been broad policy consensus toward the need for private capital to play a larger role and government credit risk to be reduced in the U.S. housing finance system, recent action by the current administration has made it difficult to predict whether the market share of governmental agencies such as the FHA and VA will recede to historical levels. On January 26, 2015, the FHA reduced some of its single-family annual mortgage insurance premiums. To date, we havethe impact from the FHA's premium reduction has not experienced anyhad a significant impact from this premium reduction on our business.continued growth in the market. It is difficult to predict what, if any, material impact this premium reduction will have in the future as there are factors beyond premium rate that influence a lender's decision to choose private MI over FHA insurance, including among others, the FHA's loan eligibility requirements and loan size limits and the relative ease of use of private MI products compared to FHA products. However, we believe our pricing continues to be more attractive than the FHA's pricing for a substantial majority of borrowers with credit and loan characteristics similar to those whose loans we insure.


Consolidated Results of Operations
Consolidated statements of operationsFor the three months ended September 30, For the nine months ended September 30,For the three months ended March 31,
2015 2014 2015 20142016 2015
Revenues(In Thousands)(In Thousands)
Net premiums written$35,360
 $9,661
 $68,629
 $19,890
$38,129
 $12,921
Increase in unearned premiums(22,526) (5,761) (40,003) (11,993)(18,322) (5,985)
Net premiums earned12,834
 3,900
 28,626
 7,897
19,807
 6,936
Net investment income1,884
 1,342
 5,168
 4,299
3,231
 1,596
Net realized investment (losses) gains(15) 134
 952
 134
(885) 613
Other revenues32
 
Total revenues14,703
 5,376
 34,746
 12,330
22,185
 9,145
Expenses          
Insurance claims and claims expenses181
 (26) 279
 2
458
 104
Underwriting and operating expenses19,653
 17,895
 58,912
 55,833
22,672
 18,350
Total expenses19,834
 17,869
 59,191
 55,835
23,130
 18,454
Other income       
Other (expense) income   
Gain from change in fair value of warrant liability332
 1,240
 1,473
 3,009
670
 1,248
Gain from settlement of warrants
 
 
 37
Interest expense(3,632) 
Loss before income taxes(4,799) (11,253) (22,972) (40,459)(3,907) (8,061)
Income tax benefit
 (277) 
 (1,574)
 (241)
Net loss$(4,799) $(10,976) $(22,972) $(38,885)$(3,907) $(7,820)
Revenues
For the three months ended September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, we had net premiums written of $35.4$38.1 million and premiums earned of $12.8$19.8 million, compared to net premiums written of $9.7$12.9 million and premiums earned of $3.9$6.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2014. For the nine months ended September 30, 2015, we had net premiums written of $68.6 million and premiums earned of $28.6 million, compared to net premiums written of $19.9 million and premiums earned of $7.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2014.March 31, 2015. The principal drivers of the increases in premiums written and earned for the periods presented were the continued growth of our NIW and IIF, primarily related to our monthly products, and the significant development of our customer base, including higher allocations of business to us from existing customers. Additionally, we had $860 thousand$2.3 million of earned premiums in the three months ended September 30, 2015 and $3.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 related to cancellations onof single premium policies, compared to $785 thousand$1.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2014March 31, 2015. We believe we will continue to experience higher than expected earnings from cancellations of single premium policies if interest rates remain low and $807 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. We believeexpect single premium policy cancellations willto decrease asif interest rates riserise.
Net investment income was higher for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2015, as discussed previouslya result of an increase in "Conditions and Trends Impactingthe value of our Business - New Insurance Written, Insurance in Force and Premiums."
consolidated securities portfolio from $367.9 million as of March 31, 2015 to $556.7 million as of March 31, 2016. We have incurred significant net operating losses since our inception, however we have seen our 2015 quarterly net losses decreasing steadily as our business has grown. Our net losses were $4.8 million and $11.0realized a loss on investments of $0.9 million for the three monthsquarter ended

24



September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and $23.0 million and $38.9 March 31, 2016, compared to a gain of $0.6 million for the nine monthsquarter ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The primary driver of the decreases in net losses for the periods ended September 30, 2015, compared to the periods ended September 30, 2014 was the significant increase in premiums earned related to the addition of new customers and to higher allocations of business to us from existing customers.March 31, 2015.
Expenses
Our expenses have historically been related to business development and operating activities. Although we expect our year-over-year expenses to increase as we continue to grow our business, we ultimately expect that the majority of our operating expenses will be relatively fixed in the long term. As our business matures we are targeting our expense ratio (expenses to premiums written) to fall into a range of 20% to 25%. Until our business matures, our expense ratio is expected to be significantly higher than this rangethe industry given the low levels of premium written compared to our "fixed" costs customary to operating a mortgage insurance company.
Insurance claims and claims expenses increased for the quarter ended March 31, 2016, compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2015, as a result of an increase in our NODs, primarily due to an increase in the number of policies in force year-over-year.


Employee compensation represents the majority of our operating expense. Payrollexpense, which includes both cash and related expense increased year-over-yearshare-based compensation. Our underwriting and operating expenses grew primarily as athe result of the addition ofhiring new employees and other compensation related expenses, including benefits, bonusesexpanding our operations and accrued severance.sales activities. Our headcount grew from 186 at September 30, 2014196 as of March 31, 2015 to 225 at September 30, 2015.253 as of March 31, 2016. Underwriting and operating expenses also include costs related to policy acquisition, technology, professional services and facilities.
We incurred interest expense of $3.6 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 related to the Term Loan entered into during the fourth quarter of 2015.
We recorded no income tax benefit for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 compared to $241 thousand of income tax benefit for the quarter ended March 31, 2015. See Item 1, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 7, Income Taxes."
Net Loss
We have incurred significant net operating losses since our inception; however, we have seen our net losses decrease steadily as our business has grown. Our net losses were $3.9 million and $7.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The primary driver of the decrease in net loss for the quarter ended March 31, 2016, compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2015 was the significant increase in premiums earned from our IIF as a result of the addition of new customers and higher allocations of business to us from existing customers, slightly offset by the continued hiring of management and staff personnel and external and professional costs.
Consolidated balance sheetsSeptember 30, 2015 December 31, 2014March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
(In Thousands)(In Thousands)
Total investment portfolio$314,455
 $336,501
$556,683
 $559,235
Cash and cash equivalents132,791
 103,021
73,302
 57,317
Deferred policy acquisition costs, net12,181
 2,985
20,948
 17,530
Software and equipment, net13,902
 11,806
17,219
 15,201
Other assets13,568
 8,952
16,162
 13,168
Total assets$486,897
 $463,265
$684,314
 $662,451
Term loan$143,982
 $143,939
Unearned premiums$62,072
 $22,069
109,095
 90,773
Reserve for insurance claims and claims expenses358
 83
1,137
 679
Accounts payable and accrued expenses14,230
 10,646
19,108
 22,725
Warrant liability1,899
 3,372
797
 1,467
Deferred tax liability137
 137
137
 137
Total liabilities78,696
 36,307
274,256
 259,720
Total shareholders' equity408,201
 426,958
410,058
 402,731
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity$486,897
 $463,265
$684,314
 $662,451
As of September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, we had approximately $447$630 million in cash and investments, of which $161including $84 million was held at NMIH. We ultimately plan to contribute a substantial portion of the $161 million to our insurance subsidiaries to support growth in RIF. As of September 30, 2015, the amount of restricted net assets held by our consolidated insurance subsidiaries totaled approximately $239 million of our consolidated net assets of approximately $408 million. The increase in cash from year-end 20142015 is the result of sales of securities to re-balance our investment portfoliopremiums collected in the second half of 2015.quarter. We continued to be cash flow positive from operating activities for the quarter ended March 31, 2016.
Our deferred policy acquisition costs asset was $12.2$20.9 million as of September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, compared to $3.0$17.5 million at December 31, 2014.2015. The increase was driven by the increase in deferrable costs associated with premiums written during the quarter ended March 31, 2016 of $38.1 million .
Our software and equipment balance increased from $15.2 million as of December 31, 2015, to $17.2 million as of March 31, 2016, as a result of the continued development of our technology platform to support the growth of our business.
Our other assets balance increased from $13.2 million as of December 31, 2015, to $16.2 million as of March 31, 2016, primarily as a result of the increase in our premiums written year-over-yearreceivable balance related to $68.6 million for the nine months ended September 30,growth in IIF of our monthly policies.
In November 2015,, from $19.9 million for we entered into the nine months ended September 30, 2014.Credit Agreement and obtained the Term Loan. Our long-term debt balance under the Term Loan as of March 31, 2016 was $144.0 million.


Our unearned premiums balance increased to $62.1$109.1 million as of September 30, 2015March 31, 2016, from $22.1$90.8 million as of December 31, 20142015 due to single premiums written in the first nine months of 2015,quarter ended March 31, 2016, offset by cancellations of lender paid single premium policies previously discussed and earnings of existing unearned premiums in accordance with the expiration of risk in the related policies.

As a result of NODs reported as of March 31, 2016, our reserves for insurance claims and claims expenses increased to $1.1 million as of March 31, 2016, compared to $679 thousand as of December 31, 2015.
25Our accounts payable and accrued expenses decreased to $19.1 million as of March 31, 2016, from $22.7 million at December 31, 2015. The decrease reflects the payment of accrued liabilities at year-end, offset by accruals for liabilities related to increased headcount, accrued premium taxes, an increase in IT projects and expenses, as well as an increase in our investment payable balance from December 31, 2015.
Our warrant liability decreased to $0.8 million as of March 31, 2016 from $1.5 million as of December 31, 2015, as a result of a decline in our stock price during the first quarter of 2016.



The following table summarizes our consolidated cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities:
Consolidated cash flowsFor the nine months ended September 30,For the three months ended March 31,
2015 20142016 2015
Net cash provided by (used in):(In Thousands)(In Thousands)
Operating activities$16,171
 $(19,553)$735
 $(7,542)
Investing activities14,278
 101,132
15,784
 (29,058)
Financing activities(679) (23)(534) (1)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents$29,770
 $81,556
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents$15,985
 $(36,601)
Net cash provided by operating activities increasedwas $0.7 million for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, compared to net cash used in operating activities in the same period in 2014, primarily due to2015 of $7.5 million. Positive cash flow from operating activities was the result of an increase in premiums written, year-over-year,partially offset by increased personnel costs.
Cash provided by investing activities for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 was lower$15.8 million, compared to cash used of $29.1 million during the same period in 2014,2015, as a result primarily of the extent of portfolio re-balancing in the third quarterfirst quarters of 2015 compared to the same period in 2014.and 2016.
Cash fromused by financing activities for the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015 and September 30, 2014 consisted primarily of taxes paid related to the net share settlement of equity awards offset by the proceeds from the issuance of common stock.
Holding Company Liquidity and Capital Resources
NMIH serves as the holding company for our insurance subsidiaries and does not have any significant operations of its own. NMIH's principal liquidity demands include funds for: (i) payment of certain corporate expenses and reimbursable expenses of its insurance subsidiaries; (ii) capital support for its insurance subsidiaries; (iii) potential tax payments to the Internal Revenue Service;Service (IRS); (iv) the payment of principal and (iv)interest related to the Term Loan; and (v) the payment of dividends, if any, on its common stock. NMIH is not subject to any limitations on its ability to pay dividends except those generally applicable to corporations, such as NMIH, that are incorporated in Delaware. Delaware corporation law provides that dividends are only payable out of a corporation's capital surplus or (subject to certain limitations) recent net profits. As of September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, NMIH's shareholders' equity was approximately $408$410 million.
As of September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, NMIH had $161$84 million of cash and investments. NMIH's principal source of operating cash is investment income, and could include future dividends from NMIC, if available and permitted under law or our agreements withand by the GSEs and state regulators.GSEs.
NMIH's future capital requirements depend on many factors, including NMIC's ability to successfully write new business, establish premium rates at levels sufficient to cover claims and operating costs and meet minimum required asset thresholds under the PMIERs. See "- GSE Oversight," above.PMIERs and state capital requirements. We expect NMIH may make additional capital contributions to its insurance subsidiaries to support their applicable capital adequacy requirements from time-to-time. ToIn 2016, we expect to implement a reinsurance program as a key component of our capital plan. In the extent that the funds generated by our ongoing operations and capitalization are insufficient to fund future, operating requirements, we may need to raise additional funds through financing activities or curtail our growth and reduce our expenses. We mayalso choose to generate additional liquidity throughutilize other sources of capital, depending on costs, availability, and terms and conditions that are acceptable to us, our regulators and the issuance of debt, equity, or a combination of both. Any such future capital raise would be conducted by means of a separate prospectus or other appropriate offering document and not by means of this report.GSEs.
NMIH has entered into expense-sharing agreements with its insurance subsidiaries which have been approved by the Wisconsin OCI, but such approval may be changed or revoked at any time. NMIC's ability to pay dividends to NMIH is subject to various conditions imposed by the GSEs and by insurance regulations requiring insurance department approval. In general, dividends in excess of prescribed limits are deemed "extraordinary"


"extraordinary" and require insurance regulatory approval. Since inception, NMIC has not paid any dividends to NMIH. As NMIC had a statutory net loss for the year ended December 31, 2014,2015, NMIC cannot pay any dividends to NMIH through December 31, 20152016 without the prior approval of the Wisconsin OCI. Additionally, under agreements with the GSEs, NMIC is not permitted to pay shareholder dividends until December 31, 2015 and, under agreements with various state insurance regulators, is not permitted to pay shareholder dividends until January 2016. Certain other states in which NMIC is licensed also have statutes or regulations that restrict its ability to pay dividends.
Our MI companies' principal operating sources of liquidity are premiums that we receive from policies and income generated by our investment portfolio. Our MI companies' primary liquidity needs include the payment of claims on our MI policies, operating expenses, investment expenses and other costs of our business. We anticipate that as our IIF grows, the premium revenue we receive will increase. We expect to manage our fixed operating expenses so that they grow at a much slower rate than revenuesNIW over the coming years. As we anticipate an increase in our volume
In the fourth quarter of MI business, we expect to see our underwriting and sales costs increase; however, we expect to be able to manage our "back-office" corporate related costs (i.e., management, finance, legal, risk and

26



information technology) as these areas of our business are already substantially developed2015, NMIH entered into the Credit Agreement for the Term Loan to support our revenue generating operations.the continued growth of its IIF. The Credit Agreement contains various restrictive covenants and required financial ratios and tests that we are required to meet or maintain. These covenants include, but are not limited to the following: a maximum debt-to-total capitalization ratio (as defined) of 35%, maximum RTC ratio of 22.0:1.0, liquidity (as defined) of $36 million as of March 31, 2016, compliance with financial requirements of PMIERs, and equity requirements. The Term Loan bears interest at the Eurodollar based rate (1%) plus an annual margin rate of 7.5%, payable quarterly. The Company recorded $3.6 million of interest expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2016. The Term Loan matures on November 10, 2018.
Consolidated Investment Portfolio
Our net investment income for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 was $5.2$3.2 million, compared to $4.3$1.6 million for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2014March 31, 2015. As of September 30, 2015March 31, 2016, our portfolio conforms with our investment guidelines. The principal factors affecting our investment income include the size and credit rating of our portfolio and its net yield. As measured by amortized cost (which excludes changes in fair market value, such as those resulting from changes in interest rates), the size of our investment portfolio is mainly a function of capital raised, cash generated from (or used in) operations, such as net premiums received, and investment earnings.
The pre-tax book yield on our portfolio at September 30, 2015as of March 31, 2016 was 1.9%0.4%, excluding unrealized gains and losses. The book yield is calculated on our year-to-date net investment income over our average portfolio book value at September 30, 2015.as of March 31, 2016. We believe that the yield on our investment portfolio likely will change over time based on potential changes to the interest rate environment, the duration or mix of our investment portfolio or other factors.
The sectors of our investment portfolio, including cash and cash equivalents appear in the table below:
Percentage of portfolio's fair valuePercentage of portfolio's fair valueSeptember 30, 2015 December 31, 2014Percentage of portfolio's fair valueMarch 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
1.Corporate debt securities40% 45%Corporate debt securities51% 56%
2.U.S. treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies15
 16
U.S. treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies10
 14
3.Asset-backed securities13
 13
Asset-backed securities18
 17
4.Cash and cash equivalents30
 24
Cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments17
 10
5.Municipal debt securities2
 2
Municipal debt securities4
 3
Total100% 100%Total100% 100%
The ratings of our investment portfolio were:
Investment portfolio ratingsSeptember 30, 2015 December 31, 2014March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
AAA43% 39%26% 25%
AA10
 8
14
 11
A36
 44
48
 51
BBB11
 9
12
 13
Total100% 100%100% 100%
The ratings above are provided by one or more of: Moody's, S&P and Fitch Ratings. If three ratings are available, we assign the middle rating for classification purposes, otherwise we assign the lowest rating.


Taxes
We are a U.S. taxpayer and are subject to a statutory U.S. federal corporate income tax rate of approximately 35%. Our holding company files a consolidated U.S. federal and various state income tax returns on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries. We currently pay no federal income tax, and had a federal net operating loss carryforward as of December 31, 2015 of $139.4 million. Our effective income tax rate on our pre-tax loss was 0.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 and 2.5%3.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2014. Our effective income tax rate on our pre-tax loss was 0.0% for the nine months ended September 30,comparable 2015 and 3.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2014.period. For further information regarding income taxes and their impact on our results of operations and financial position, see, Item 1, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 6.7. Income Taxes."
Our financial statements reflect a valuation allowance with respect to our net deferred tax assets. As the Company has limited history, management is unable to provide a basis to concludehas not yet concluded that it is more-likely-than-not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income. If we conclude the taxable income will be sufficient to release the valuation allowance, is reduced in the future, we would recognize an income tax benefit associated primarily with the carry forward of federal net operating losses and future tax deductions from share-based compensation tax deductions.compensation.

27



Other Items
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations
We had no off-balance sheet arrangements at September 30, 2015.as of March 31, 2016. There are no material changes outside the ordinary course of business in the contractual obligations specified in our 2014 Form2015 10-K.
Critical Accounting Estimates
We use accounting principles and methods that conform to GAAP. Where GAAP specifically excludes mortgage insurance we follow general industry practices. We are required to apply significant judgment and make material estimates in the preparation of our financial statements and with regard to various accounting, reporting and disclosure matters. Assumptions and estimates are required to apply these principles where actual measurement is not possible or practical. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions. Our actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
We believe that the assumptions and estimates associated with revenue recognition, fair value measurements, our investment portfolio, deferred policy acquisition costs, premium deficiency reserves, income taxes, reserves for insurance claims and claims expenses, warrants and share-based compensation have the greatest potential impact on our consolidated financial statements. Therefore, we consider these to be our critical accounting estimates.
There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates as compared to the critical accounting policies and estimates described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014.2015 10-K.

28




Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We own and manage a large portfolio of various holdings, types and maturities. NMIH's principal source of operating cash is investment income. The assets within the investment portfolio are exposed to the same factors that affect overall financial market performance.
We manage market risk via a defined investment policy implemented by our treasury function with oversight from our Board of Director's Risk Committee. Important drivers of our market risk exposure monitored and managed by us include but are not limited to:
Changes to the level of interest rates. Increasing interest rates may reduce the value of certain fixed-rate bonds held in the investment portfolio. Higher rates may cause variable rate assets to generate additional income. Decreasing rates will have the reverse impact. Significant changes in interest rates can also affect persistency and claim rates of our insurance portfolio, and as a result we may determine that our investment portfolio needs to be restructured to better align it with future liabilities and claim payments. Such restructuring may cause investments to be liquidated when market conditions are adverse. Additionally, the changes in Eurodollar based interest rates affect the interest expense related to the Company's debt.
Changes to the term structure of interest rates. Rising or falling rates typically change by different amounts along the yield curve. These changes may have unforeseen impacts on the value of certain assets.
Market volatility/changes in the real or perceived credit quality of investments. Deterioration in the quality of investments, identified through changes to our own or third party (e.g., rating agency) assessments, will reduce the value and potentially the liquidity of investments.
Concentration Risk. If the investment portfolio is highly concentrated in one asset, or in multiple assets whose values are highly correlated, the value of the total portfolio may be greatly affected by the change in value of just one asset or a group of highly correlated assets.
Prepayment Risk. Bonds may have call provisions that permit debtors to repay prior to maturity when it is to their advantage. This typically occurs when rates fall below the interest rate of the debt.
The carrying value of our investment portfolio as of September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 and December 31, 20142015 was $314$557 million and $337$559 million, respectively, of which 100% was invested in fixed maturity securities. The primary market risk to our investment portfolio is interest rate risk associated with investments in fixed maturity securities. We mitigate the market risk associated with our fixed maturity securities portfolio by matching the duration of our fixed maturity securities with the expected duration of the liabilities that those securities are intended to support.
At September 30, 2015,As of March 31, 2016, the duration of our fixed income portfolio, including cash and cash equivalents, was 2.220.81 years, which means that an instantaneous parallel shift (movement up or down) in the yield curve of 100 basis points would result in a change of 2.22%0.81% in fair value of our fixed income portfolio.  Excluding cash, our fixed income portfolio duration was 3.421.58 years, which means that an instantaneous parallel shift (movement up or down) in the yield curve of 100 basis points would result in a change of 3.42%1.58% in fair value of our fixed income portfolio.

29We are also subject to market risk related to our Term Loan. As discussed in Item 1, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 4, Term Loan," the Term Loan bears interest at a variable rate and, as a result, increases in market interest rates would generally result in increased interest expense on our outstanding principal.




Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Management applied its judgment in assessing the costs and benefits of such controls and procedures, which by their nature, can provide only reasonable assurance regarding management's control objectives. Management does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent or detect all errors and fraud. A control system, irrespective of how well it is designed and operated, can only provide reasonable assurance and cannot guarantee that it will succeed in its stated objectives.
Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms.
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

30




PART II
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
We currently are not a party to any pending legal proceedings. We may in the future become subject toCertain lawsuits and claims arising in the ordinary course of business.business may be filed or pending against us or our affiliates from time to time. In accordance with applicable accounting guidance, we establish accruals for all lawsuits, claims and expected settlements when we believe it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable. When a loss contingency is not both probable and estimable, we do not establish an accrual. Any such loss estimates are inherently uncertain, based on currently available information and are subject to management’s judgment and various assumptions. Due to the inherent subjectivity of these estimates and unpredictability of outcomes of legal proceedings, any amounts accrued may not represent the ultimate resolution of such matters.
To the extent we believe any potential loss relating to such lawsuits and claims may have a material impact on our liquidity, consolidated financial position, results of operations, and/or our business as a whole and is reasonably possible but not probable, we disclose information relating to any such potential loss, whether in excess of any established accruals or where there is no established accrual. We also disclose information relating to any material potential loss that is probable but not reasonably estimable. Where reasonably practicable, we will provide an estimate of loss or range of potential loss. No disclosures are generally made for any loss contingencies that are deemed to be remote.
Based upon information available to us and our review of lawsuits and claims filed or pending against us to date, we have not recognized a material accrual liability for these matters, nor do we currently expect it is reasonably possible that these matters will result in a material liability to the Company. However, the outcome of litigation and other legal and regulatory matters is inherently uncertain, and it is possible that one or more of such matters currently pending or threatened could have an unanticipated material adverse effect on our liquidity, consolidated financial position, results of operations, and/or our business as a whole, in the future.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Risk factors that affect our business and financial results are discussed in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, as updated in Part II, Item 1A of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2015.2015 10-K. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described herein and in the above referenced filings,filing, which have the potential to affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or prospects in a material and adverse manner. The risks described herein and in the above referenced filingsfiling are not the only risks we face, as there are additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial which may in the future adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results. As of the date of this report, we are not aware of any material changes in the risk factors set forth in the above referenced filings.our 2015 10-K.
Item 6. Exhibits
An index to exhibits has been filed as part of this report and is incorporated herein by reference.

31





SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 

NMI HOLDINGS, INC.
October 30, 2015April 28, 2016


By: /s/ Glenn M. Farrell
 
     Name: Glenn M. Farrell
     Title: Chief Financial Officer and Duly Authorized Signatory


32




EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit Number Description
   
2.1 Stock Purchase Agreement, dated November 30, 2011, between NMI Holdings, Inc. and MAC Financial Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
2.2 Amendment to Stock Purchase Agreement, dated April 6, 2012, between NMI Holdings, Inc. and MAC Financial Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.2 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
3.1 Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
3.2 Third Amended and Restated By-Laws (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Form 8-K, filed on December 9, 2014)
4.1 Specimen Class A common stock certificate (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
4.2 Registration Rights Agreement between NMI Holdings, Inc. and FBR Capital Markets & Co., dated April 24, 2012 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
4.3 Registration Rights Agreement by and between MAC Financial Ltd. and NMI Holdings, Inc., dated April 24, 2012 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
4.4 Registration Rights Agreement between FBR & Co., FBR Capital Markets LT, Inc., FBR Capital Markets & Co., FBR Capital Markets PT, Inc. and NMI Holdings, Inc., dated April 24, 2012 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
4.5 Warrant No. 1 to Purchase Common Stock of NMI Holdings, Inc. issued to FBR Capital Markets & Co., dated June 13, 2013 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
4.6 Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock of NMI Holdings, Inc. issued to former stockholders of MAC Financial Ltd.(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.6 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
4.7Credit Agreement, dated November 10, 2015, between NMI Holdings, Inc., the lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Form 8-K, filed on November 10, 2015)
10.1 ~ NMI Holdings, Inc. 2012 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
10.2 ~ Form of NMI Holdings, Inc. 2012 Stock Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
10.3 ~ Form of NMI Holdings, Inc. 2012 Stock Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Management (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
10.4 ~ Form of NMI Holdings, Inc. 2012 Stock Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Directors (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
10.5 ~ Form of NMI Holdings, Inc. 2012 Stock Incentive Plan Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement for Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
10.6 ~ Form of NMI Holdings, Inc. 2012 Stock Incentive Plan Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement for Management (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
10.7 ~ Form of NMI Holdings, Inc. 2012 Stock Incentive Plan Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement for Directors (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
10.8 ~ Amended and Restated Employment Agreement by and between NMI Holdings, Inc. and Bradley M. Shuster, dated March 6, 2012 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
10.9 ~Amendment to Employment Agreement by and between NMI Holdings, Inc. and Bradley M. Shuster, dated April 24, 2012 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)

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Exhibit NumberDescription
10.10 ~Employment Agreement by and between NMI Holdings, Inc. and Jay M. Sherwood, dated March 6, 2012 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
10.11 ~Amendment to Employment Agreement by and between NMI Holdings, Inc. and Jay M. Sherwood, dated April 24, 2012 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
10.12 ~Second Amendment to Employment Agreement by and between NMI Holdings, Inc. and John M. Sherwood, dated October 1,December 23, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Form 8-K, filed on October 1,December 29, 2015)
10.1310.9 ~ Offer Letter by and between NMI Holdings, Inc. and Glenn Farrell, effective December 4, 2014 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Form 8-K, filed on December 9, 2014)
10.10 ~Offer Letter by and between NMI Holdings, Inc. and William Leatherberry, dated July 11, 2014

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10.14
Exhibit NumberDescription
10.11 ~

 Form of Indemnification Agreement between NMI Holdings, Inc. and its directors and certain executive officers (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Form 8-K, filed on November 25, 2014)
10.1510.12 + Commitment Letter dated July 12, 2013 for Bulk Fannie Mae-Paid Loss-on-Sale Mortgage Insurance on the Portfolio of approximately $5.46 billion Purchased by Fannie Mae and Identified by Fannie Mae as Deal No. 2013 MIRT 01 and by the Company as Policy No. P-0001-01 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
10.1610.13 ~ NMI Holdings, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Appendix A to our 2014 Annual Proxy Statement, filed on March 26, 2014)
10.1710.14 ~

 Form of NMI Holdings, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Chief Executive Officer and President (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1810.16 to our Form 10-K, filed on February 20, 2015)19, 2016)
10.1810.15 ~Form of NMI Holdings, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Executive Officers (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to our Form 10-K, filed on February 19, 2016)
10.16 ~ Form of NMI Holdings, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Employees (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to our Form 10-K, filed on February 20, 2015)
10.1910.17 ~

 Form of NMI Holdings, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Independent Directors (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to our Form 10-K, filed on February 20, 2015)
10.2010.18 ~

 Form of NMI Holdings, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement for Chief Executive Officer and President (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to our Form 10-K, filed on February 20, 2015)
10.2110.19 ~

 Form of NMI Holdings, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement for Employees (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to our Form 10-K, filed on February 20, 2015)
10.2210.20 ~ Form of NMI Holdings, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan Phantom Unit Award Agreement for Independent Directors (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to our Form 10-Q, filed on August 5, 2015)
10.21 ~NMI Holdings, Inc. Severance Benefit Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Form 8-K, filed on February 17, 2016)
21.1 Subsidiaries of NMI Holdings, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 21.1 to our Form 10-Q, filed on October 30, 2015)
31.1 Principal Executive Officer's Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2 Principal Financial Officer's Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
3232.1 # Certifications of CEO and CFO Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
99.1Conditional Approval Letter, dated January 15, 2013, from Freddie Mac to National Mortgage Insurance Corporation (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
99.2Conditional Approval Agreement, dated January 16, 2013, by and among Federal National Mortgage Association, NMI Holdings, Inc. and National Mortgage Insurance Corporation (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to our Form S-1 Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-191635), filed on October 9, 2013)
101 * 
The following financial information from NMI Holdings, Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2015,March 31, 2016, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language):
(i) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2015March 31, 2016 and December 31, 20142015
(ii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2016 and 2015 and 2014
(iii) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for the sixthree months ended September 30, 2015March 31, 2016
            and the year ended December 31, 20142015
(iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the ninethree months ended June 30,March 31, 2015 and 2014,2015, and
(v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


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~Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or contract.
+Confidential treatment granted as to certain portions, which portions have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
#
In accordance with Item 601(b)(32)(ii) of Regulation S-K and SEC Release No. 34-47986, the certifications furnished in Exhibit 32 hereto are deemed to accompany this Form 10-Q and will not be deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act except to the extent that the registrant specifically incorporates it by reference.
*In accordance with Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the information furnished in these exhibits will not be deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act.  Such exhibits will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act except to the extent that the registrant specifically incorporates it by reference.


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