Table of Contents


UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON,

Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM 10-Q


(Mark One)

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023
OR

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017

OR

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from  to

Commission File Number: 001-37686


BGNE New Logo 2.jpg

BEIGENE, LTD.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Cayman Islands

98-1209416

Cayman Islands

98-1209416
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

c/o Mourant Ozannes CorporateGovernance Services
(Cayman) Limited

94 Solaris Avenue, Camana Bay

Grand Cayman

Cayman Islands

KY1-1108

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

+1 (345) 949 4123

949-4123

(Registrant’sRegistrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
American Depositary Shares, each representing 13 Ordinary Shares, par value $0.0001 per shareBGNEThe NASDAQ Global Select Market
Ordinary Shares, par value $0.0001 per share*06160The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited
*Included in connection with the registration of the American Depositary Shares with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The ordinary shares are not listed for trading in the United States but are listed for trading on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited.
As of November 1, 2023, 1,359,497,624 ordinary shares, par value $0.0001 per share, were outstanding, of which 871,833,599 ordinary shares were held in the form of 67,064,123 American Depositary Shares, each representing 13 ordinary shares, and 115,055,260 were RMB shares.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrantregistrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports),; and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes      No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).     Yes     No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated Filer

filer

Non-accelerated filer

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.    

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).     Yes  ☐     No  

As of November 8, 2017, 591,072,330 ordinary shares, par value $0.0001 per share, were outstanding, of which 377,568,555 ordinary shares were held in the form of 29,043,735 American Depositary Shares, each representing 13 ordinary shares.




Table of Contents


BeiGene, Ltd.

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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2


Table of Contents


PART I.     FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.     Financial Statements

BEIGENE, LTD.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Amounts in thousands of U.S. Dollars (“$”), except for number of shares and per share data)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As of

 

 

 

 

September 30, 

 

December 31, 

 

 As of

    

Note

    

2017

    

2016

 

 September 30,December 31, 

 

 

 

$

 

$

 

Note20232022

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

(audited)

 

 $$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 (unaudited)(audited)

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assets   

Current assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current assets:   

Cash and cash equivalents

 

 

 

208,510

 

87,514

 

Cash and cash equivalents 3,067,336 3,869,564 
Short-term restricted cashShort-term restricted cash411,548 196 

Short-term investments

 

5

 

548,925

 

280,660

 

Short-term investments4106,989 665,251 

Accounts receivable

 

 

 

10,521

 

 —

 

Unbilled receivable

 

 

 

170,950

 

 —

 

Inventories

 

6

 

5,712

 

 —

 

Accounts receivable, netAccounts receivable, net309,079 173,168 
Inventories, netInventories, net5316,929 282,346 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

 

 

17,712

 

6,225

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets9241,661 216,553 

Total current assets

 

 

 

962,330

 

374,399

 

Total current assets 4,053,542 5,207,078 

Property and equipment, net

 

7

 

55,322

 

25,977

 

Land use right, net

 

8

 

12,251

 

 —

 

Property, plant and equipment, netProperty, plant and equipment, net61,178,038 845,946 
Operating lease right-of-use assetsOperating lease right-of-use assets98,742 109,960 

Intangible assets, net

 

9

 

7,437

 

 —

 

Intangible assets, net753,657 40,616 

Goodwill

 

9

 

1,984

 

 —

 

Deferred tax assets

 

10

 

7,684

 

768

 

Other non-current assets

 

 

 

2,051

 

4,669

 

Other non-current assets9140,900 175,690 

Total non-current assets

 

 

 

86,729

 

31,414

 

Total non-current assets 1,471,337 1,172,212 

Total assets

 

 

 

1,049,059

 

405,813

 

Total assets 5,524,879 6,379,290 

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities and shareholders' equityLiabilities and shareholders' equity 

Current liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities: 

Accounts payable

 

 

 

35,168

 

11,957

 

Accounts payable 341,857 294,781 

Accrued expenses and other payables

 

11

 

46,991

 

22,297

 

Accrued expenses and other payables9505,824 467,352 

Deferred revenue, current portion

 

 

 

9,132

 

 —

 

Deferred revenue, current portion3— 213,861 

Tax payable

 

10

 

2,852

 

804

 

Tax payable820,158 25,189 

Current portion of long-term bank loan

 

14

 

9,018

 

 —

 

Operating lease liabilities, current portionOperating lease liabilities, current portion23,246 24,041 
Research and development cost share liability, current portionResearch and development cost share liability, current portion363,652 114,335 
Short-term debtShort-term debt10328,560 328,969 

Total current liabilities

 

 

 

103,161

 

35,058

 

Total current liabilities 1,283,297 1,468,528 

Non-current liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-current liabilities: 

Long-term bank loan

 

14

 

9,018

 

17,284

 

Shareholder loan

 

15

 

140,311

 

 —

 

Long-term bank loansLong-term bank loans10202,491 209,148 

Deferred revenue, non-current portion

 

 

 

29,477

 

 

 

Deferred revenue, non-current portion3300 42,026 
Operating lease liabilities, non-current portionOperating lease liabilities, non-current portion25,474 34,517 

Deferred tax liabilities

 

10

 

1,859

 

 —

 

Deferred tax liabilities816,358 15,996 
Research and development cost share liability, non-current portionResearch and development cost share liability, non-current portion3191,739 179,625 

Other long-term liabilities

 

 

 

744

 

564

 

Other long-term liabilities941,986 46,095 

Total non-current liabilities

 

 

 

181,409

 

17,848

 

Total non-current liabilities 478,348 527,407 

Total liabilities

 

 

 

284,570

 

52,906

 

Total liabilities 1,761,645 1,995,935 

Commitments and contingencies

 

24

 

 

 

 

 

Commitments and contingencies17

Equity:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ordinary shares (par value of US$0.0001 per share; 9,500,000,000 shares authorized; 589,772,330 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2017 (December 31, 2016: 9,500,000,000 shares authorized; 515,833,609 shares issued and outstanding))

 

 

 

59

 

52

 

Shareholders' equity:Shareholders' equity: 
Ordinary shares, US$0.0001 par value per share; 9,500,000,000 shares authorized; 1,352,997,624 and 1,356,140,180 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively
Ordinary shares, US$0.0001 par value per share; 9,500,000,000 shares authorized; 1,352,997,624 and 1,356,140,180 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively
 135 135 

Additional paid-in capital

 

 

 

981,237

 

591,213

 

Additional paid-in capital 11,502,527 11,540,979 

Accumulated other comprehensive income /(loss)

 

20

 

38

 

(946)

 

Accumulated other comprehensive lossAccumulated other comprehensive loss14(144,931)(77,417)

Accumulated deficit

 

 

 

(231,194)

 

(237,412)

 

Accumulated deficit (7,594,497)(7,080,342)

Total BeiGene, Ltd. shareholders’ equity

 

 

 

750,140

 

352,907

 

Noncontrolling interest

 

21

 

14,349

 

 —

 

Total equity

 

22

 

764,489

 

352,907

 

Total liabilities and equity

 

 

 

1,049,059

 

405,813

 

Total shareholders' equityTotal shareholders' equity3,763,234 4,383,355 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equityTotal liabilities and shareholders' equity 5,524,879 6,379,290 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

3


Table of Contents


BEIGENE, LTD.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Amounts in thousands of U.S. Dollars (“$”), except for number of shares and per share data)

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended 

 

Nine Months Ended 

 

 

 

 

 

September 30, 

 

September 30, 

 

 

    

Note

    

2017

    

2016

    

2017

    

2016

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Product revenue, net

 

17

 

8,822

 

 —

 

8,822

 

 —

 

Collaboration revenue

 

3

 

211,391

 

 —

 

211,391

 

1,070

 

Total revenues

 

 

 

220,213

 

 —

 

220,213

 

1,070

 

Expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of sales - product

 

 

 

(1,944)

 

 —

 

(1,944)

 

 —

 

Research and development

 

 

 

(87,660)

 

(30,106)

 

(177,678)

 

(69,100)

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

 

 

(15,641)

 

(4,722)

 

(35,187)

 

(11,760)

 

Amortization of intangible assets

 

 

 

(63)

 

 —

 

(63)

 

 —

 

Total expenses

 

 

 

(105,308)

 

(34,828)

 

(214,872)

 

(80,860)

 

Income /(loss) from operations

 

 

 

114,905

 

(34,828)

 

5,341

 

(79,790)

 

Interest (expense)/income, net

 

 

 

(1,785)

 

(75)

 

(3,581)

 

336

 

Changes in fair value of financial instruments

 

12

 

 —

 

 —

 

 —

 

(1,514)

 

(Loss)/gain on sale of available-for-sale securities

 

 

 

 —

 

(137)

 

10

 

(1,077)

 

Other income/(expense), net

 

 

 

1,103

 

(327)

 

1,531

 

732

 

Income/(loss) before income tax expense

 

 

 

114,223

 

(35,367)

 

3,301

 

(81,313)

 

Income tax benefit /(expense)

 

10

 

3,061

 

(127)

 

2,680

 

(306)

 

Net income /(loss)

 

 

 

117,284

 

(35,494)

 

5,981

 

(81,619)

 

Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

(102)

 

 —

 

(237)

 

 —

 

Net income /(loss) attributable to BeiGene, Ltd.

 

 

 

117,386

 

(35,494)

 

6,218

 

(81,619)

 

Net income/(loss) per share attributable to BeiGene, Ltd.

 

18

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic (in dollars per share)

 

 

 

0.21

 

(0.08)

 

0.01

 

(0.21)

 

Diluted (in dollars per share)

 

 

 

0.20

 

(0.08)

 

0.01

 

(0.21)

 

Weighted-average shares used in net income/(loss) per share calculation

 

18

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic (in shares)

 

 

 

547,546,656

 

428,137,509

 

527,329,985

 

383,472,372

 

Diluted (in shares)

 

 

 

600,612,680

 

428,137,509

 

561,237,818

 

383,472,372

 

Net income /(loss) per American Depositary Share (“ADS”)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic (in dollars per ADS)

 

 

 

2.79

 

(1.08)

 

0.15

 

(2.77)

 

Diluted (in dollars per ADS)

 

 

 

2.54

 

(1.08)

 

0.14

 

(2.77)

 

  Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
  September 30,September 30,
 Note2023202220232022
  $$
Revenues   
Product revenue, net11595,290 349,506 1,559,326 915,590 
Collaboration revenue3186,018 38,122 265,044 120,236 
Total revenues 781,308 387,628 1,824,370 1,035,826 
Expenses 
Cost of sales - product 96,309 76,543 274,088 212,953 
Research and development 453,259 426,363 1,284,607 1,194,485 
Selling, general and administrative 364,421 322,892 1,087,954 948,868 
Amortization of intangible assets 1,287 187 1,662 563 
Total expenses 915,276 825,985 2,648,311 2,356,869 
Loss from operations (133,968)(438,357)(823,941)(1,321,043)
Interest income, net 26,649 12,759 57,735 34,261 
Other income (expense), net 336,657 (125,640)291,142 (243,290)
Income (loss) before income taxes 229,338 (551,238)(475,064)(1,530,072)
Income tax expense813,925 6,318 39,091 28,408 
Net income (loss) 215,413 (557,556)(514,155)(1,558,480)
Earnings (loss) per share
Basic120.16 (0.41)(0.38)(1.16)
Diluted120.15 (0.41)(0.38)(1.16)
Weighted-average shares outstanding—basic1,360,716,279 1,345,303,747 1,358,392,470 1,337,976,853 
Weighted-average shares outstanding—diluted1,390,331,833 1,345,303,747 1,358,392,470 1,337,976,853 
Earnings (loss) per American Depositary Share (“ADS”)
Basic122.06 (5.39)(4.92)(15.14)
Diluted122.01 (5.39)(4.92)(15.14)
Weighted-average ADSs outstanding—basic104,670,483 103,484,904 104,491,728 102,921,296 
Weighted-average ADSs outstanding—diluted106,948,603 103,484,904 104,491,728 102,921,296 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

4


Table of Contents


BEIGENE, LTD.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME/INCOME (LOSS)

(Amounts in thousands of U.S. Dollars (“$”))
(Unaudited)
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,September 30,
 2023202220232022
 $$$$
Net income (loss)215,413 (557,556)(514,155)(1,558,480)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax of nil:
Foreign currency translation adjustments(2,559)(80,326)(75,732)(168,411)
Unrealized holding income (loss), net1,315 1,253 8,218 (11,062)
Comprehensive income (loss)214,169 (636,629)(581,669)(1,737,953)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
5

Table of Contents

BEIGENE, LTD.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Amounts in thousands of U.S. Dollars (“$”))
(Unaudited)
  Nine Months Ended September 30,
 Note20232022
  $$
Operating activities:   
Net loss (514,155)(1,558,480)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: 
Depreciation and amortization expense 63,856 48,262 
Share-based compensation expenses13274,697 225,036 
Unrealized losses on equity investments412,273 16,413 
Acquired in-process research and development15,000 20,000 
Amortization of research and development cost share liability3(38,569)(70,389)
Deferred income tax benefits 735 380 
Gain on BMS termination settlement15(362,917)— 
Other items, net 822 7,762 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: 
Accounts receivable (143,511)284,717 
Inventories (52,371)(75,632)
Other assets (17,598)30,325 
Accounts payable 31,366 4,203 
Accrued expenses and other payables 50,089 1,628 
Deferred revenue (255,587)(112,820)
Other liabilities 55 167 
Net cash used in operating activities (935,815)(1,178,428)
Investing activities: 
Purchases of property, plant and equipment (404,937)(204,076)
Purchase of intangible asset(9,413)— 
Purchases of investments (15,581)(14,735)
Proceeds from sale or maturity of investments 567,519 1,352,398 
Purchase of in-process research and development(15,000)(95,000)
Net cash provided by investing activities 122,588 1,038,587 
Financing activities: 
Proceeds from long-term loan1022,502 37,372 
Repayment of long-term loan10(8,462)— 
Proceeds from short-term loans10162,614 163,774 
Repayment of short-term loans10(159,576)(145,428)
Proceeds from option exercises and employee share purchase plan 52,352 35,677 
Net cash provided by financing activities 69,430 91,395 
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes, net (50,348)(133,929)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash (794,145)(182,375)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period 3,875,037 4,382,887 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period 3,080,892 4,200,512 
Supplemental cash flow information: 
Cash and cash equivalents 3,067,336 4,197,132 
Short-term restricted cash 11,548 191 
Long-term restricted cash2,008 3,189 
Income taxes paid 42,516 25,006 
Interest expense paid 15,893 19,865 
Supplemental non-cash information: 
Capital expenditures included in accounts payable and accrued expenses 107,611 47,310 
Acquired intangible asset included in accounts payable9,384 — 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
6

Table of Contents

BEIGENE, LTD.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Amounts in thousands of U.S. Dollars (“$”), except for number of shares and per share data)

shares)

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended 

 

Nine Months Ended 

 

 

 

September 30, 

 

September 30, 

 

 

    

2017

    

2016

    

2017

    

2016

 

 

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

Net income /(1oss)

 

117,284

 

(35,494)

 

5,981

 

(81,619)

 

Other comprehensive income /(loss), net of tax of nil:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency translation adjustments

 

341

 

377

 

985

 

(13)

 

Unrealized holding gain, net

 

51

 

121

 

58

 

857

 

Comprehensive income /(loss)

 

117,676

 

(34,996)

 

7,024

 

(80,775)

 

Less: Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests

 

(70)

 

 —

 

(178)

 

 —

 

Comprehensive income /(loss) attributable to BeiGene, Ltd.

 

117,746

 

(34,996)

 

7,202

 

(80,775)

 

 Ordinary SharesAdditional
Paid-In
Capital
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Loss
Accumulated
Deficit
Total
 SharesAmount
$$$$$
Balance at December 31, 20221,356,140,180 135 11,540,979 (77,417)(7,080,342)4,383,355 
Use of shares reserved for share option exercises(98,774)— — — — — 
Exercise of options, ESPP and release of RSUs6,610,695 28,656 — — 28,657 
Share-based compensation— — 75,322 — — 75,322 
Other comprehensive income— — — 18,403 — 18,403 
Net loss— — — — (348,431)(348,431)
Balance at March 31, 20231,362,652,101 136 11,644,957 (59,014)(7,428,773)4,157,306 
Use of shares reserved for share option exercises220,116 — — — — — 
Exercise of options, ESPP and release of RSUs13,379,119 3,691 — — 3,692 
Share-based compensation— — 103,371 — — 103,371 
Other comprehensive loss— — — (84,673)— (84,673)
Net loss— — — — (381,137)(381,137)
Balance at June 30, 20231,376,251,336 137 11,752,019 (143,687)(7,809,910)3,798,559 
Use of shares reserved for share option exercises(4,689,438)— — — — — 
Exercise of options, ESPP and release of RSUs4,708,834 — 17,419 — — 17,419 
Cancellation of ordinary shares(23,273,108)(2)(362,915)— — (362,917)
Share-based compensation— — 96,004 — — 96,004 
Other comprehensive loss— — — (1,244)— (1,244)
Net income— — — — 215,413 215,413 
Balance at September 30, 20231,352,997,624 135 11,502,527 (144,931)(7,594,497)3,763,234 
Balance at December 31, 20211,334,804,281 133 11,191,007 17,950 (5,076,527)6,132,563 
Cost from issuance of ordinary shares— — (152)— — (152)
Use of shares reserved for share option exercises(2,850,328)— — — — — 
Exercise of options, ESPP and release of RSUs2,851,316 — 11,880 — — 11,880 
Share-based compensation— — 65,555 — — 65,555 
Other comprehensive loss— — — (496)— (496)
Net loss— — — — (435,198)(435,198)
Balance at March 31, 20221,334,805,269 133 11,268,290 17,454 (5,511,725)5,774,152 
Use of shares reserved for share option exercises5,016,518 — — — — — 
Exercise of options, ESPP and release of RSUs9,817,938 7,091 — — 7,092 
Share-based compensation— — 81,305 — — 81,305 
Other comprehensive loss— — — (99,904)— (99,904)
Net loss— — — — (565,726)(565,726)
Balance at June 30, 20221,349,639,725 134 11,356,686 (82,450)(6,077,451)5,196,919 
Use of shares reserved for share option exercises(3,971,942)— — — — — 
Exercise of options, ESPP and release of RSUs3,972,397 16,704 — — 16,705 
Share-based compensation— — 78,176 — — 78,176 
Other comprehensive loss— — — (79,073)— (79,073)
Net loss— — — — (557,556)(557,556)
Balance at September 30, 20221,349,640,180 135 11,451,566 (161,523)(6,635,007)4,655,171 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

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BEIGENE, LTD.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Amounts in thousands of U.S. Dollars (“$”), except for number of shares and per share data)

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 

 

    

Note

    

2017

    

2016

 

 

 

 

$

 

$

Operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income /(loss)

 

 

 

5,981

 

(81,619)

Adjustments to reconcile net income/(loss) to net cash used in operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization expense

 

 

 

2,704

 

1,436

Share-based compensation expense

 

19

 

26,401

 

6,678

Changes in fair value of financial instruments

 

 

 

 —

 

1,514

Loss on disposal of property and equipment

 

 

 

85

 

 —

Non-cash interest expense

 

 

 

4,796

 

118

Deferred income tax benefits

 

 

 

(5,871)

 

 —

Other non-cash expenses

 

 

 

(10)

 

1,077

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

 

 

(10,521)

 

 —

Unbilled receivable

 

 

 

(170,950)

 

 —

Inventories

 

 

 

(5,712)

 

 —

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

 

 

(10,967)

 

(2,183)

Other non-current assets

 

 

 

(635)

 

(1,281)

Accounts payable

 

 

 

21,420

 

(1,839)

Advances from customers

 

 

 

 —

 

(1,070)

Accrued expenses and other payables

 

 

 

22,371

 

13,360

Tax payable

 

 

 

1,122

 

294

Deferred revenue

 

 

 

38,609

 

 —

Other long-term liabilities

 

 

 

180

 

142

Net cash used in operating activities

 

 

 

(80,997)

 

(63,373)

Investing activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases of property and equipment

 

 

 

(27,441)

 

(15,440)

Payment for the acquisition of land use right

 

 

 

(12,354)

 

 —

Cash acquired in business combination, net of cash paid

 

4

 

19,916

 

 —

Purchase of available-for-sale securities

 

 

 

(464,065)

 

(193,996)

Proceeds from sale or maturity of available-for-sale securities

 

 

 

245,928

 

158,307

Investment in time deposits

 

 

 

(50,061)

 

 —

Net cash used in investing activities

 

 

 

(288,077)

 

(51,129)

Financing activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from public offering, net of underwriter discount

 

 

 

189,191

 

169,409

Payment of public offering cost

 

 

 

(674)

 

(1,478)

Proceeds from sale of ordinary shares, net of cost

 

 

 

149,928

 

 —

Proceeds from long-term loan

 

 

 

 —

 

12,161

Proceeds from short-term loan

 

13

 

2,470

 

 —

Repayment of short-term loan

 

13

 

(2,470)

 

 —

Capital contribution from noncontrolling interest

 

21

 

14,527

 

 —

Proceeds from shareholder loan

 

15

 

132,757

 

 —

Proceeds from exercise of warrants and options

 

 

 

 —

 

2,115

Proceeds from option exercises

 

 

 

1,579

 

 3

Net cash provided by financing activities

 

 

 

487,308

 

182,210

Effect of foreign exchange rate changes, net

 

 

 

2,762

 

(45)

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

 

 

 

120,996

 

67,663

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

 

 

 

87,514

 

17,869

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

 

 

 

208,510

 

85,532

Supplemental cash flow disclosures:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income taxes paid

 

 

 

1,429

 

25

Interest expense paid

 

 

 

940

 

510

Non-cash activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Discount provided on sale of ordinary shares for business combination

 

4

 

23,606

 

 —

Conversion of Senior Promissory Note

 

 

 

 —

 

14,693

Conversion of deferred rental

 

 

 

 —

 

980

Conversion of convertible preferred shares

 

 

 

 —

 

176,084

Exercise of warrants and options

 

 

 

 —

 

3,687

Initial public offering costs accrued in accrued expenses and other payables

 

 

 

 —

 

166

Acquisitions of equipment included in accounts payable

 

 

 

1,482

 

319

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Table of Contents

BEIGENE, LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Amounts in thousands of U.S. Dollar (“$”) and Renminbi (“RMB”), except for number of shares and per share data)

(Unaudited)

1. Organization

Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Consolidation and Significant Accounting Policies

Description of business
BeiGene, Ltd. (the “Company”, “BeiGene”, “it”, “its”) is a globally focused, commercial-stage biopharmaceuticalglobal biotechnology company dedicatedthat is discovering and developing innovative oncology treatments that are more accessible and affordable to becomingcancer patients worldwide.
The Company currently has three approved medicines that were internally discovered and developed, including BRUKINSA®, a leader in the discovery, development and commercializationsmall molecule inhibitor of innovative, molecularly targeted and immuno-oncology drugsBruton’s Tyrosine Kinase for the treatment of cancer. The Company’s development strategy is based onvarious blood cancers; TEVIMBRA® (tislelizumab), an anti-PD-1 antibody immunotherapy for the treatment of various solid tumor and blood cancers; and pamiparib, a novel translational platform that combines its unique access to internal patient-derived biopsies with strong oncology biology.selective small molecule inhibitor of PARP1 and PARP2. The Company was incorporated underhas obtained approvals to market BRUKINSA in the lawsUnited States, the People's Republic of China (“China” or the Cayman Islands“PRC”), the European Union, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and additional international markets; tislelizumab in the European Union and China; and pamiparib in China. By leveraging its strong commercial capabilities, the Company has in-licensed the rights to distribute an additional 14 approved medicines for the China market. Supported by its global clinical development and commercial capabilities, the Company has entered into collaborations with world-leading biopharmaceutical companies such as an exempted company with limited liability on October 28, 2010. Amgen Inc. (“Amgen”) and Novartis Pharma AG (“Novartis”) to develop and commercialize innovative medicines.
The Company completedis committed to advancing best- and first-in-class clinical candidates internally or with like-minded partners to develop impactful and affordable medicines for patients across the globe. The Company has conducted more than 120 clinical trials in-house, with over 21,000 subjects enrolled in approximately 45 regions. This includes more than 36 pivotal or potentially registration-enabling trials across its initial public offeringportfolio, including three internally discovered, approved medicines.
The Company has built, and is expanding, its internal manufacturing capabilities. The Company is building a commercial-stage biologics manufacturing and clinical R&D center in Hopewell, New Jersey (the “Hopewell facility”), in addition to its existing state-of-the-art biologic and small molecule manufacturing facilities in China to support current and potential future demand of its medicines. The Company also works with high quality global contract manufacturing organizations (“IPO”CMOs”) on the NASDAQ Global Select Market on February 8, 2016to manufacture its internally developed clinical and has completed subsequent follow-on public offerings and a sale of ordinary shares to Celgene Switzerland LLC (“Celgene Switzerland”)commercial products.
Since its inception in a business development transaction, as described in Note 22, Shareholders’ Equity.

As at September 30, 2017, the Company’s subsidiaries are as follows:

Percentage of

Date of

Ownership by

Name of Company

Place of Incorporation

Incorporation

the Company

Principal Activities

BeiGene (Hong Kong) Co., Limited.("BeiGene HK")

Hong Kong

November 22, 2010,

100

%  

Investment holding

BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd. ("BeiGene (Beijing)")

The People’s Republic of China (“PRC” or “China”)

January 24, 2011

100

%  

Medical and pharmaceutical research

BeiGene AUS Pty Ltd.

Australia

July 15, 2013

100

%  

Clinical trial activities

BeiGene 101

Cayman Islands

August 30, 2012

100

%  

Medical and pharmaceutical research

BeiGene (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. (“BeiGene (Suzhou)”)

PRC

April 9, 2015

100

%  

Medical and pharmaceutical research

BeiGene USA, Inc.("BeiGene (USA)")

United States

July 8, 2015

100

%  

Clinical trial activities

BeiGene (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (“BeiGene (Shanghai)”)

PRC

September 11, 2015

100

%  

Medical and pharmaceutical research

BeiGene Biologics Co., Ltd. ("BeiGene Biologics")

PRC

January 25, 2017

95

%

Biologics manufacturing

BeiGene Guangzhou Biologics Manufacturing Co., Ltd. ("BeiGene Guangzhou Factory")

PRC

March 3, 2017

95

%

Biologics manufacturing

BeiGene (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd.

PRC

July 11, 2017

100

%

Medical and pharmaceutical research

BeiGene Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (BeiGene Pharmaceutical (Shanghai))*

PRC

December 15, 2009

100

%

Medical and pharmaceutical consulting, marketing and promotional services

BeiGene Switzerland GmbH

Switzerland

September 6, 2017

100

%

Clinical trial activities and commercial

BeiGene Ireland Limited

Republic of Ireland

August 11, 2017

100

%

Clinical trial activities

* On August 31, 2017, BeiGene HK acquired 100% of the equity interest of Celgene Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., which has been renamed BeiGene Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. 

Manufacturing facility in Guangzhou

On March 7, 2017, BeiGene HK, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company has become a fully integrated global organization of over 10,000 employees worldwide, primarily in the United States, China and Guangzhou GET Technology Development Co., Ltd. (“GET”), entered into a definitive agreement to establish a commercial scale biologics manufacturing facility in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PRC. 

On March 7, 2017, BeiGene HK and GET entered into an Equity Joint Venture Contract (the “JV Agreement”). Under the terms of the JV Agreement, BeiGene HK agreed to make an initial cash capital contribution of RMB200,000 and a subsequent contribution of one or more biologics assets in exchange for a 95% equity interest in BeiGene Biologics. GET agreed to provide a cash capital contribution of RMB100,000 to BeiGene Biologics, representing a 5% equity interest in BeiGene Biologics. In addition, on March 7, 2017, BeiGene Biologics entered into a contract with GET, under which GET agreed to provide a RMB900,000 loan (the “Shareholder Loan”) to BeiGene Biologics (see footnote 15). BeiGene Biologics is working to establish a biologics manufacturing facility in Guangzhou, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, the BeiGene Guangzhou Factory, to manufacture biologics for the Company and its subsidiaries.

Europe.

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Table of Contents

On April 11, 2017, BeiGene HK, GET and BeiGene Biologics amended the JV agreement and the capital contribution agreement, among other things, to adjust the capital contribution schedules and adjust the initial term of the governing bodies and a certain management position. On April 13, 2017 and May 4, 2017, BeiGene HK made cash capital contributions of RMB137,830 and RMB2,415, respectively, into BeiGene Biologics. The remainder of the cash capital contribution from BeiGene HK to BeiGene Biologics will be paid by April 10, 2020. On April 14, 2017, GET made cash capital contributions of RMB100,000 into BeiGene Biologics. On April 14, 2017, BeiGene Biologics drew down the Shareholder Loan of RMB900,000 from GET (as further described in Note 15). As of September 30, 2017, the Company and GET held 95% and 5% equity interests in BeiGene Biologics, respectively.

As of September 30, 2017, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents included $91,577 of cash held by BeiGene Biologics to be used to build the commercial scale biologics facility and to fund research and development of the Company’s biologics drug candidates in China.

2. Summary of significant accounting policies

Basis of presentation and principles of consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2017,2023, the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss)loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 20172023 and 2016,2022, the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 20172023 and 2016,2022, and the condensed consolidated statements of shareholders' equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and the related footnote disclosures are unaudited. The accompanying unaudited interim condensed financial statements were prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), including guidance with respect to interim financial information and in conformity with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for annual financial statements. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related footnotes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 (“Annual2022 (the “Annual Report”).

The unaudited interim condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented. Results of the operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 20172023 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full fiscal year or for any future annual or interim period.

The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances between the Company and its subsidiaries are eliminated upon consolidation.

Noncontrolling interests are recognized to reflect the portion

8

Table of the equity of subsidiaries which are not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the controlling shareholders. The Company consolidates BeiGene Biologics under the voting model and recognizes GET’s equity interest as a noncontrolling interest in its consolidated financial statements.

Contents


Use of estimates

The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Areas where management uses subjective judgment include, but are not limited to, estimating the useful lives of long-lived assets, estimating variable consideration in product sales rebates and returns allowance to arrive at net product revenues,collaboration revenue arrangements, identifying separate accounting units and estimatingdetermining the best estimate ofstandalone selling price of each deliverableperformance obligation in the Company’s revenue arrangements, estimating the fair value of net assets acquired in business combinations, assessing the impairment of long-lived assets, valuation and recognition of share-based compensation expenses,inventory, realizability of deferred tax assets, estimating uncertain tax positions, valuation of inventory, estimating the allowance for credit losses, determining defined benefit pension plan obligations, measurement of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities and the fair value of financial instruments. Management bases the estimates on historical experience, known trends and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities.liabilities and reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

8

Significant accounting policies

For a more complete discussion of the Company’s significant accounting policies and other information, the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2022.
There have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as compared to the significant accounting policies described in the Annual Report.
2. Fair Value Measurements
The Company measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Fair value is determined based upon the exit price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants, as determined by either the principal market or the most advantageous market. Inputs used in the valuation techniques to derive fair values are classified based on a three-level hierarchy, as follows:
Level 1 – Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 2 – Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the asset or liability.
The Company considers an active market to be one in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis, and considers an inactive market to be one in which there are infrequent or few transactions for the asset or liability, the prices are not current, or price quotations vary substantially either over time or among market makers.

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Table of Contents


CashThe following tables present the Company’s financial assets and cash equivalents

Cashliabilities measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis using the above input categories as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

 Quoted Price in Active Market for Identical AssetsSignificant Other Observable InputsSignificant Unobservable Inputs
As of September 30, 2023(Level 1)(Level 2)(Level 3)
 $$$
Cash equivalents   
Money market funds616,845 — — 
Time deposits42,348 — — 
Short-term investments (Note 4):
U.S. Treasury securities106,989 — — 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets:
Convertible debt instrument— — 4,668 
Other non-current assets (Note 4):
Equity securities with readily determinable fair values1,014 72 — 
Convertible debt instrument— — 3,239 
Total767,196 72 7,907 
 Quoted Price in Active Market for Identical AssetsSignificant Other Observable InputsSignificant Unobservable Inputs
As of December 31, 2022(Level 1)(Level 2)(Level 3)
 $$$
Cash equivalents   
Money market funds758,114 — — 
Short-term investments (Note 4):
U.S. Treasury securities665,251 — — 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets:
Convertible debt instrument— — 5,190 
Other non-current assets (Note 4):
Equity securities with readily determinable fair values3,307 706 — 
Convertible debt instrument— — 3,000 
Total1,426,672 706 8,190 
The Company's cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and bank deposits, which are unrestricted as to withdrawal and use. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity datematurities of three3 months or less atless. Short-term investments represent the dateCompany's investments in available-for-sale debt securities. The Company determines the fair value of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents which consist primarily of moneyand available-for-sale debt securities using a market funds are statedapproach based on quoted prices in active markets.
The Company's equity securities carried at fair value.

Accounts receivable

Trade accounts receivablevalue consist of holdings in common stock and warrants to purchase additional shares of common stock of Leap Therapeutics, Inc. (“Leap”), which were acquired in connection with a collaboration and license agreement entered into in January 2020 and in Leap's underwritten public offering in September 2021. The common stock investment in Leap, a publicly-traded biotechnology company, is measured and carried at fair value and classified as Level 1. The warrants to purchase additional shares of common stock in Leap are recorded at their invoiced amounts, net of allowances for doubtful accounts. An allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded whenclassified as a Level 2 investment and are measured using the collectionBlack-Scholes option-pricing valuation model, which utilizes a constant maturity risk-free rate and reflects the term of the full amountwarrants, dividend yield and stock price volatility, that is no longer probable. In evaluatingbased on the collectabilityhistorical volatility of receivable balances, the Company considers specific evidence including agingsimilar companies. Refer to Note 4, Restricted Cash and Investments for details of the receivable,determination of the customer’s payment history, its current creditworthinesscarrying amount of private equity investments without readily determinable fair values and current economic trends. Accounts receivableequity method investments.

The Company holds convertible notes issued by two private biotech companies. The Company has elected the fair value option method of accounting for the convertible notes. Accordingly, the convertible notes are written off after all collection efforts have ceased. No allowanceremeasured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs, with any changes in the fair value option recorded in other income (expense), net. The Company recorded a loss on fair value adjustment of $283 for doubtful accounts was recorded as ofthe three and nine months ended September 30, 2017.  The Company regularly reviews the adequacy and appropriateness of an allowance for doubtful accounts.

As of September 30, 2017 the Company had $10,521 in accounts receivable as a result of the sale of the Company’s approved cancer therapies in the PRC, which are in-licensed from Celgene Coporation (“Celgene”),2023, respectively, related to the Company’s distributors.

Inventory

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost andconvertible debt instrument to other income (expense), net realizable value, with cost determined on a weighted-average basis. The Company periodically analyzes its inventory levels, and writes down inventory that has become obsolete, inventory that has a cost basis in excess of its estimated realizable value and inventory in excess of expected sales requirements as cost of product sales. The determination of whether inventory costs will be realizable requires estimates by management. If actual market conditions are less favorable than projected by management, additional write-downs of inventory may be required, which would be recorded in the consolidated statements of operations.

Land use right, net

The land use right represents lease prepayments to the local Bureau of Land and Resources in Guangzhou. The land use right is carried at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is provided to write off the cost of lease prepayments on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the estimated usage periods or the terms of the land use, which is currently 50 years.

Business combination

The Company accounts for its business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC topic 805 (“ASC 805”): Business Combinations. The acquisition method of accounting requires all of the following steps: (i) identifying the acquirer, (ii) determining the acquisition date, (iii) recognizing and measuring the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree and (iv) recognizing and measuring goodwill or a gain from a bargain purchase. The consideration transferred in a business combination is measured as the aggregate of the fair values at the date of exchange of the assets given, liabilities incurred, and equity instruments issued as well as the contingent considerations and all contractual contingencies as of the acquisition date. The costs directly attributable to the acquisition are expensed as incurred. Identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities acquired or assumed are measured separately at their fair value as of the acquisition date, irrespective of the extent of any noncontrolling interests. The excess of (i) the total of cost of acquisition, fair value of the noncontrolling interests and acquisition date fair value of any previously held equity interest in the acquiree over (ii) the fair value of the identifiable net assets of the acquiree, is recorded as goodwill. If the cost of acquisition is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, the difference is recognized directly in the consolidated statements of operations as a gain.

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The Company allocates the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed and intangible assets acquired based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. Significant estimates in valuing certain intangible assets may include, but are not limited to, future expected cash flows from acquired assets, timing and probability of success of clinical events and regulatory approvals, and assumptions on useful lives and discount rates. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates.

Goodwill and other intangible assets

Goodwill is as asset representing the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized. The Company allocates the cost of an acquired entity to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price for acquisitions over the fair value of the net assets acquired, including other intangible assets, is recorded as goodwill.  Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances would indicate a potential impairment.

For its goodwill impairment analysis, the Company operates with a single reporting unit. The Company tests goodwill for impairment on the last day of each fiscal year and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the reporting unit may exceed its fair value. The Company first assesses the qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill, and performs a quantitative assessment if it is determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. Under the quantitative test, if the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The Company has an unconditional option to bypass the qualitative assessment and proceed directly to performing the quantitative goodwill impairment test.

Intangible assets acquired through business acquisitions are recognized as assets separate from goodwill and are measured at fair value upon acquisition.Acquired identifiable intangible assets consist of the distribution rights with respect to approved cancer therapies licensed from Celgene, ABRAXANE®, REVLIMID®, and VIDAZA®, and its investigational agent CC-122 and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are 10 years.

Intangible assets with finite useful lives are tested for impairment when events or circumstances occur that could indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. When these events occur, the Group evaluates the recoverability of the intangible assets by comparing the carrying amount of the assets to the future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the assets and their eventual disposition. If the sum of the expected undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the assets, the Group recognizes an impairment loss based on the excess of the carrying amount of the assets over their fair value. Fair value is generally determined by discounting the cash flows expected to be generated by the assets, when the market prices are not readily available.

Revenue recognition

Product revenue

Revenues from product sales are recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred and title of the product and associated risk of loss has transferred to the customer, the price is fixed or determinable, collection from the customer has been reasonably assured, all performance obligations have been met, and returns and allowances can be reasonably estimated. Product sales are recorded net of estimated rebates , estimated product returns and other deductions. Provisions for estimated reductions to revenue are provided for in the same period the related sales are recorded and are based on the sales terms, historical experience and trend analysis.


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Table of Contents

Rebates are offered to distributors, consistent with pharmaceutical industry practices. The Company records a provision for rebates at the time of sale based on contracted rates and historical redemption rates. Assumptions used to establish the provision include the level of distributor inventories, sales volumes and contract pricing and estimated acceptance of government pricing or reimbursement amounts (such as provincial acceptance of the National Reimbursement Drug List (“NRDL”) pricing in the PRC). The Company regularly reviews the information related to these estimates and adjust the provision accordingly.

The Company bases its sales returns allowance on estimated distributor inventories, customer demand as reported by third party sources, and actual returns history, as well as other factors, as appropriate. If the historical data the Company uses to calculate these estimates do not properly reflect future returns, then a change in the allowance would be made in the period in which such a determination is made and revenues in that period could be materially affected. Any changes from the historical trend rates are considered in determining the current sales return allowance.

Collaboration revenue

The Company recognizes revenues from research and development collaborative arrangements when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the fee is fixed or determinable, and there is reasonable assurance that the related amounts are collectible in accordance with ASC 605, Revenue Recognition, or ASC 605. The Company’s collaborative arrangements may contain multiple elements, including grants of licenses to intellectual property rights, agreement to provide research and development services and other deliverables. The deliverables under such arrangements are evaluated under ASC 605-25, Multiple-Element Arrangements. Pursuant to ASC 605-25, each required deliverable is evaluated to determine whether it qualifies as a separate unit of accounting based on whether the deliverable has "stand-alone value" to the customer. The collaborative arrangements do not include a right of return for any deliverable. The arrangement's consideration that is fixed or determinable, excluding contingent payments, is then allocated to each separate unit of accounting based on the relative selling price of each deliverable. The relative selling price for each deliverable is determined using vendor specific objective evidence, or VSOE, of selling price or third-party evidence, or TPE, of selling price if VSOE does not exist. If neither VSOE nor TPE exists, the Company uses the best estimate of the selling price (“BESP”) for the deliverable. In general, the consideration allocated to each unit of accounting is recognized as the related goods or services are delivered, limited to the consideration that is not contingent upon future deliverables. Non-refundable payments received before all of the relevant criteria for revenue recognition are satisfied are recorded as advances from customers.

Upfront non-refundable payments for licensing our intellectual property are evaluated to determine if the licensee can obtain stand-alone value from the license separate from the value of the research and development services and other deliverables in the arrangement to be provided by the Company. The Company acts as the principal under its arrangements and licensing intellectual property is part of its ongoing major or central operations. The license right is not contingent upon the delivery of additional items or meeting other specified performance conditions. Therefore, when stand-alone value of the license is determinable, the allocated consideration is recognized as collaboration revenue upon delivery of the license rights.

As the Company acts as the principal under its arrangements, and research and development services are also part of its ongoing major or central operations, it recognize the allocated consideration related to reimbursements of research and development costs as collaboration revenue when delivery or performance of such services occurs.

Product development, royalties and commercial event payments, collectively referred to as target payments, under collaborative arrangements are triggered either by the results of our research and development efforts, achievement of regulatory goals or by specified sales results by a third-party collaborator. Under ASC 605-28, Milestone Method of Revenue Recognition, an accounting policy election can be made to recognize a payment that is contingent upon the achievement of a substantive milestone in its entirety in the period in which the milestone is achieved. The Company elected not to adopt the milestone method of revenue recognition under ASC 605-28.

Targets related to the Company’s development-based activities may include initiation of various phases of clinical trials and applications and acceptance for product approvals by regulatory agencies. Due to the uncertainty involved in meeting these development-based targets, the Company would account for development-based targets as collaboration

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revenue upon achievement of the respective development target. Royalties based on reported sales of licensed products will be recognized as collaboration revenue based on contract terms when reported sales are reliably measurable and collectability is reasonably assured. Targets related to commercial activities may be triggered upon events such as first commercial sale of a product or when sales first achieve a defined level. Since these targets would be achieved after the completion of our development activities, the Company would account for the commercial event targets in the same manner as royalties, with collaboration revenue recognized upon achievement of the target.

Fair value measurements

Fair value of financial instruments

Financial instruments of the Company primarily include cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, long-term bank loan, Shareholder Loan and accounts payable. As of September 30, 20172023 and December 31, 2016,2022, the carryingfair values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable, and short-term debt approximated their faircarrying values due to thetheir short-term maturity of these instruments. The short-term investments represented the available-for-sale debt securities and time deposits. The available-for-sale debt securities are recorded at fair value based on quoted prices in active markets with unrealized gain or loss recorded in other comprehensive income or loss. The long-termnature. Long-term bank loan and Shareholder Loanloans approximate their fair valuesvalue due to the fact that the related interest rates approximate the rates currently offered by financial institutions for similar debt instrumentsinstrument of comparable maturities. The warrants issued prior to the IPO relating to the convertible promissory notes

3. Collaborative and the option to purchase shares by rental deferral were exercised in January 2016 and February 2016. Licensing Arrangements
The Company determined the exercise date fair value of the warrants and option using the intrinsic value, which equals to the difference between the share price at the IPO closing date and the exercise price, as the exercise dates were immediately prior to or very close to the IPO closing date.

The Company applies ASC topic 820 (“ASC 820”), Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, in measuring fair value. ASC 820 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires disclosures to be provided on fair value measurement. ASC 820 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

Level 1 - Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2 - Include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

ASC 820 describes three main approaches to measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities: (1) market approach; (2) income approach and (3) cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated from market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present value amount. The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. The cost approach is based on the amount that would currently be required to replace an asset.

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Financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis

The following tables set forth assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016:

Quoted Price

in Active

Significant

Market for

Other

Significant

Identical

Observable

Unobservable

Assets

Inputs

Inputs

As of September 30, 2017

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

$

$

$

Short-term investment (note 5):

U.S. Treasury securities

498,864

 —

 —

Time deposits

50,061

 —

 —

Cash equivalents:

Money market funds

51,928

 —

 —

Total

600,853

 —

 —

Quoted Price

in Active

Significant

Market for

Other

Significant

Identical

Observable

Unobservable

Assets

Inputs

Inputs

As of December 31, 2016

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

$

$

$

Short-term investment (note 5):

U.S. Treasury securities

280,660

 —

 —

Cash equivalents:

Money market funds

44,052

 —

 —

Total

324,712

 —

 —

Recent accounting pronouncements

In August 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers-Deferral of the Effective Date (“ASU 2015-14”). The amendments in ASU 2015-14 defer the effective date of ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2014-09”), issued in May 2014. According to the amendments in ASU 2015-14, the new revenue guidance in ASU 2014-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. Earlier application is permitted only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Principal versus Agent Considerations (“ASU 2016-08”), which clarifies the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations. In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing (“ASU 2016-10”), which clarify guidance related to identifying performance obligations and licensing implementation guidance contained in ASU No. 2014-09. In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-12 , Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients (“ASU 2016-12”), which addresses narrow-scope improvements to the guidance on collectability, non-cash consideration, and completed contracts at transition and provides practical expedients for contract modifications at transition and an accounting policy election related to the presentation of sales taxes and other similar taxes collected from customers. The effective date for the amendment in ASU 2016-08, ASU 2016-10 and ASU 2016-12 are the same as the effective date of ASU No. 2014-09. The Company anticipates adopting the new standard under the modified retrospective approach, effective January 1, 2018.  The Company is continuing to assess the potential impact that ASC 606 may have on its financial position and results of operations as it relates to its collaboration agreements with Celgene and Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany.  The Company expects that certain of its accounting conclusions will require further judgment. Further, the Company is continuing to analyze the potential impacts of the adoption of the new standard on its condensed consolidated financial

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statements and related disclosures. While the Company is still in the process of evaluating the impact of adoption on its existing collaboration agreements, the Company currently believes that the impact of adoption of the new standard to its financial statements will not be material.  The Company will also continue to monitor additional modifications, clarifications or interpretations undertaken by the FASB that may impact its current conclusions, and will expand its analysis to include any new revenue arrangements initiated prior to adoption.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases, which requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities related to lease arrangements longer than 12 months on the balance sheet. This standard also requires additional disclosures by lessees and contains targeted changes to accounting by lessors. The updated guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and early adoption is permitted. The recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee have not significantly changed from previous GAAP. The Company is currently evaluating the financial statement impact of adoption.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory, which requires the recognition of the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset, other than inventory, when the transfer occurs. The Company will adopt ASU 2016-16 in its first quarter of 2018 utilizing the modified retrospective adoption method. The ultimate impact of adopting ASU 2016-16 will depend on the balance of intellectual property transferred between its subsidiaries as of the adoption date. The Company will recognize incremental deferred income tax expense thereafter as these deferred tax assets are utilized.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations:Clarifying the Definition of a Business. The new standard requires an entity to evaluate if substantially all the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets; if so, the set would not be considered a business. The new standard also requires a business to include at least one substantive process and narrows the definition of outputs. The new standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning on January 1, 2018, and may be adopted earlier. The Company elected to early adopt the updated guidance. The standard is applied prospectively to any transaction occurring on or after the adoption date. The Company evaluated the acquisition of 100% of the equity interests of Celgene Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (“Celgene Shanghai”) under the new guidance, and determined that the transaction represents a business combination, as disclosed further in Note 4.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles –  Goodwill and Other: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. This ASU simplifies the test for goodwill impairment by removing Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Companies will now perform the goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, recognizing an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. An entity still has the option to perform the qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. The amendments in this update are effective for goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for goodwill impairment tests performed after January 1, 2017. The Company elected to early adopt this ASU, and there was no material impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation: Scope of Modification Accounting. This standard provides clarity and reduces both (1) diversity in practice and (2) cost and complexity when applying the guidance in Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, to a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award. The updated guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and early adoption is permitted. This ASU is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

3. Research and developmententered into collaborative arrangements

To date, the Company’s collaboration revenue has consisted of 1) upfront license fees from its collaboration agreement with Celgene on the Company’s investigational anti-programmed cell death protein1 (“PD-1”) inhibitor,

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BGB-A317 and 2) upfront license fees, reimbursed research and development expenses and milestone payments from its collaboration agreement with Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany on BGB-290 and BGB-283.

Celgene and Celgene Switzerland

On July 5, 2017, the Company entered into a license agreement with Celgene Switzerland pursuant to which the Company granted to the Celgene parties an exclusive right to develop and commercialize the Company’s PD-1 inhibitor, BGB-A317, in all fields of treatment, other than hematology, in the United States, Europe, Japan and the rest of world other than Asia (the “PD-1 License Agreement”). In connection with the closing of the transactions on August 31, 2017, the Company, Celgene and Celgene Switzerland amended and restated the PD-1 License Agreement (the “A&R PD-1 License Agreement”) to, among other things, clarify the parties’ responsibilities relating to the conducting and funding of certain global registration clinical trials and clarify the scope of the regulatory materials transferred by BeiGene to Celgene.

Under  the terms of the A&R PD-1 License Agreement, Celgene agreed to pay the Company $263,000 in upfront non-refundable license fees, of which $92,050 was paid in the third quarter of 2017 and the remaining $170,950 is due in December 2017.  In addition, subsequent to the completion of for the research and development, phasemanufacture and/or commercialization of the collaboration, the Companymedicines and drug candidates. To date, these collaborative arrangements have included out-licenses of and options to out-license internally developed products and drug candidates to other parties, in-licenses of products and drug candidates from other parties, and profit- and cost-sharing arrangements. These arrangements may be eligible to receive productinclude non-refundable upfront payments, contingent obligations for potential development, regulatory and commercial performance milestone payments, based on the successful achievement of developmentcost-sharing and regulatory goals, commercial milestone payments based on the successful achievement of commercialization goals, andreimbursement arrangements, royalty payments, based on a predetermined percentage of Celgene and Celgene Switzerland’s aggregate annual net sales of all products in their territory for a period not to exceed the latest of the expiration of the last valid patent claim, the expiration of regulatory exclusivity or 12 years from the date of the first commercial sale on a product-by-product and country-by-country basis. The Company allocated the $13,000 of upfront fees to the fair value of assets related to the Company’s acquisition of Celgene Shanghai, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Celgene Holdings East Corporation established under the laws of China, that was completed contemporaneously with the A&R PD-1 License Agreement.

In addition to the exclusive right to develop and commercialize BGB-A317, the terms of the A&R PD-1 License Agreement provide Celgene with the right to collaborate with the Company on the development of BGB-A317 for specified indications, including required participation on a joint development committee and a joint steering committee as well as a joint commercialization committee upon achievement of commercialization. The joint development and joint steering committees are formed by an equal number of representatives from the Company and Celgene and are responsible for reviewing and approving the development plan and budget for the development of BGB-A317 for clinical studies associated with specified indications. Celgene will reimburse the Company for certain research and development costs at a cost plus agreed upon markup for the development of BGB-A317 related to the clinical trials that Celgene opts into, as outlined in the development plan.

Under ASC 605, the Company identified the following deliverables of the collaboration agreement with stand-alone value, which are accounted for as separate units of accounting:  (a) the license provided to Celgene for the exclusive right to develop and commercialize BGB-A317, in all fields of treatment, other than hematology, in the United States, Europe, Japan and the rest of world other than Asia (“the license”); and (b) the research and development services provided to Celgene to develop BGB-A317 within specified indications (“R&D services”). For each deliverable, the Company determined the BESP and allocated the non-contingent consideration of $250,000 to the units of accounting using the relative selling price method. The consideration allocated to the license was recognized upon transfer of the license to Celgene at contract inception and the consideration allocated to the R&D services will be recognized over the term of the respective clinical studies for the specified indications.

For the payments associated with the defined developmental, regulatory, and commercialization goals, the Company determined that upon achievement of the developmental, regulatory, and commercialization goals, such payments will be allocated to the separate deliverables using the initial allocation based on the relative selling price method.  Further, the sales-based milestones and royalty payments will be recognized when reported sales are reliably measurable and collectability is reasonably assured.

profit sharing.

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Out-Licensing Arrangements

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For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017,2023 and 2022, the Company recognized $211,391 as license revenue withinCompany’s collaboration revenue inprimarily consisted of the Company’s condensed consolidated statementsrecognition of operations.  The consideration allocated to the R&D services, $38,609, is recorded aspreviously deferred revenue in balance sheet as of September 30, 2017from its former collaboration agreements with Novartis for tislelizumab and will be recognized over the term of the respective clinical studies for the specified indications. 

Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany

In March 2017, the Company regained the worldwide rights to BGB-283 after Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany informed the Company that it would not exercise a continuation option under the parties’ collaboration agreement, and thus, that agreement has terminated in its entirety, except for certain provisions that will survive the termination.

Revenue recognized in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, was related to Phase 1 research and development fees from the Company’s BRAF inhibitor, in accordance with the collaboration agreement with Merck KGaA Darmstadt Germany. Phase 1 services were completed by mid-2016 and as a result, all of the advance payments received from the collaboration have been recognized. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the company did not recognize any research and development revenue, and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company recognized nil and $1,070, respectively, as research and development revenue within collaboration revenue in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.

ociperlimab.

The following table summarizes the components of total collaboration revenue recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 20172023 and 2016:

2022:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended 

 

Nine Months Ended 

 

 

 

September 30, 

 

September 30, 

 

 

    

2017

    

2016

    

2017

    

2016

 

 

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

License revenue

 

211,391

 

 —

 

211,391

 

 —

 

Research and development revenue

 

 —

 

 —

 

 —

 

1,070

 

Total

 

211,391

 

 —

 

211,391

 

1,070

 

Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,September 30,
2023202220232022
Revenue from Collaborators$$$$
Research and development service revenue59,0529,834 79,432 34,074 
Right to access intellectual property revenue51,97826,249 104,475 78,746 
Material rights revenue71,980— 71,980 — 
Other3,0082,039 9,157 7,416 
Total186,01838,122 265,044 120,236 

4. Business Combination

On August 31, 2017, BeiGene HK acquired 100% of

Novartis
Tislelizumab Collaboration and License
In January 2021, the equity interests of Celgene Shanghai, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Celgene Holdings East Corporation established under the laws of the PRC. Celgene Shanghai is in the business of, among other things, providing marketing and promotional services in connection with certain pharmaceutical products manufactured by Celgene. The name of Celgene Shanghai has been changed to BeiGene Pharmaceutical (Shanghai).

On July 5, 2017, BeiGene and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Celgene, Celgene Logistics Sàrl (“Celgene Logistics”),Company entered into a collaboration and license agreement pursuantwith Novartis, granting Novartis rights to which BeiGene has been granteddevelop, manufacture and commercialize tislelizumab in the United States, Canada, Mexico, member countries of the European Union, United Kingdom, Norway, Switzerland, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Russia and Japan (“Novartis Territory”). The Company and Novartis agreed to jointly develop tislelizumab in the Novartis Territory, with Novartis responsible for regulatory submissions and Novartis had the right to exclusively distributecommercialization upon regulatory approvals. In addition, both companies had the ability to conduct clinical trials globally to explore combinations of tislelizumab with other cancer treatments, and the Company was provided with an option to co-detail the product in North America, funded in part by Novartis.

Under the agreement the Company received an upfront cash payment of $650,000 from Novartis. The Company was eligible to receive up to $1,300,000 upon the achievement of regulatory milestones, $250,000 upon the achievement of sales milestones, and royalties on future sales of tislelizumab in the licensed territory. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company was responsible for funding ongoing clinical trials of tislelizumab, Novartis agreed to fund new registrational, bridging, or post-marketing studies in its territory, and each party was responsible for funding clinical trials evaluating tislelizumab in combination with its own or third party products. Each party retained the worldwide right to commercialize its propriety products in combination with tislelizumab.
The Company evaluated the Novartis agreement under ASC 606 as all the material units of account within the agreement represented transactions with a customer. The Company identified the following material components under the agreement: (1) exclusive license for Novartis to develop, manufacture, and commercialize tislelizumab in the Novartis Territory, transfer of know-how and use of the tislelizumab trademark; (2) conducting and completing ongoing trials of tislelizumab (“tislelizumab R&D services”); and (3) supplying Novartis with required quantities of the tislelizumab drug product, or drug substance, upon receipt of an order from Novartis.
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The Company determined that the license, transfer of know-how and use of trademarks were not distinct from each other and represented a single performance obligation. The tislelizumab R&D services represented a material promise and were determined to be a separate performance obligation at the outset of the agreement as the promise is distinct and had standalone value to Novartis. The Company evaluated the supply component of the contract and noted the supply would not be provided at a significant incremental discount to Novartis. The Company concluded that, for the purpose of ASC 606, the provision related to providing clinical and commercial supply of tislelizumab in the Novartis Territory was an option but not a performance obligation of the Company at the outset of the agreement. A performance obligation for the clinical and commercial supply would be established as quantities of drug product or drug substance were ordered by Novartis.
The Company determined that the transaction price as of the outset of the arrangement was the upfront payment of $650,000. The potential milestone payments that the Company was eligible to receive were excluded from the transaction price, as all milestone amounts were fully constrained due to uncertainty of achievement. The transaction price was allocated to the two identified performance obligations based on a relative fair value basis. The standalone selling price of the license, transfer of know-how and use of trademarks performance obligation was determined using the adjusted market assessment approach. Based on the valuation performed by the Company, the standalone selling price of the license, transfer of know-how and use of trademarks was valued at $1,231,000. The standalone selling price of the tislelizumab R&D services was valued at $420,000 using a cost plus margin valuation approach. Based on the relative standalone selling prices of the two performance obligations, $484,646 of the total transaction price was allocated to the license and $165,354 was allocated to the tislelizumab R&D services.
The Company satisfied the license performance obligation at a point in time when the license was delivered and the transfer of know-how completed which occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. As such, the Company recognized the entire amount of the transaction price allocated to the license as collaboration revenue during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The portion of the transaction price allocated to the tislelizumab R&D services was deferred and was being recognized as collaboration revenue as the tislelizumab R&D services were performed using a percentage-of-completion method. Estimated costs to complete were reassessed on a periodic basis and any updates to the revenue earned were recognized on a prospective basis.
In September 2023, the Company and Novartis agreed to mutually terminate the collaboration and license agreement, effective immediately. Pursuant to the termination agreement, the Company regained full, global rights to develop, manufacture and commercialize tislelizumab with no royalty payments due to Novartis. Novartis may continue its ongoing clinical trials and has the ability to conduct future combination trials with tislelizumab subject to BeiGene’s approval. BeiGene agreed to provide Novartis with ongoing clinical supply of tislelizumab to support its clinical trials. Pursuant to the termination agreement, Novartis agreed to provide transition services to the Company to enable key aspects of the tislelizumab development and commercialization plan to proceed without disruption, including manufacturing, regulatory, safety and clinical support.
Upon termination of the agreement in September 2023, there were no further performance obligations, and the remaining deferred revenue balance associated with the tislelizumab R&D services was recognized in full. The Company recognized R&D service revenue of $55,483 and $72,279 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $8,043 and $28,699 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. The Company also recognized other collaboration revenue of $54 and $5,067 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $2,039 and $7,416 during the three and nine ended September 30, 2022, respectively, related to the sale of tislelizumab clinical supply to Novartis in conjunction with the collaboration.
Ociperlimab Option, Collaboration and License Agreement and China Broad Market Development Agreement
In December 2021, the Company expanded its collaboration with Novartis by entering into an option, collaboration and license agreement with Novartis to develop, manufacture and commercialize the Company's investigational TIGIT inhibitor ociperlimab in the Novartis Territory. In addition, the Company and Novartis entered into an agreement granting the Company rights to market, promote Celgene’sand detail five approved cancer therapies, ABRAXANE®Novartis oncology products, TAFINLAR® (dabrafenib), REVLIMID®MEKINIST® (trametinib), VOTRIENT® (pazopanib), AFINITOR® (everolimus), and VIDAZA®ZYKADIA® (ceritinib), across designated regions of China referred to as “broad markets.” In the first quarter of 2022, the Company initiated marketing and promotion of these five products.
Under the terms of the option, collaboration and license agreement, the Company received an upfront cash payment of $300,000 in January 2022 from Novartis and would have received an additional payment of $600,000 or $700,000 in the event Novartis exercised its investigational agent CC-122exclusive time-based option prior to mid-2023 or between then and late-2023, respectively. Following option exercise, the Company was eligible to receive up to $745,000 upon the achievement of regulatory approval milestones, $1,150,000 upon the achievement of sales milestones, and royalties on future sales of ociperlimab in the Novartis Territory. Subject to the terms of the option, collaboration and license agreement, during the option period, Novartis agreed to initiate and
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fund additional global clinical trials with ociperlimab and the Company agreed to expand enrollment in two ongoing trials. Following the option exercise, Novartis agreed to share development costs of global trials. Following approval, the Company agreed to provide 50 percent of the co-detailing and co-field medical efforts in the United States, and had an option to co-detail up to 25 percent in Canada and Mexico, funded in part by Novartis. Each party retained the worldwide right to commercialize its propriety products in combination with ociperlimab. The prior tislelizumab collaboration and license agreement was not modified as a result of the ociperlimab option, collaboration and license agreement.
The Company evaluated the Novartis agreements under ASC 606 as the units of account within the agreement represented transactions with a customer. The Company identified the following material promises under the agreement: (1) exclusive option for Novartis to license the rights to develop, manufacture, and commercialize ociperlimab in the Novartis Territory; (2) Novartis' right to access ociperlimab in its own clinical trials during the option period; (3) initial transfer of BeiGene know-how; and (4) conducting and completing ongoing trials of ociperlimab during the option period (“ociperlimab R&D Services”, together with “tislelizumab R&D services”, “R&D services”). The market development activities are considered immaterial in the context of the contracts.
The Company concluded that, at the inception of the agreement, the option for the exclusive product license constituted a material right as it represents a significant and incremental discount to the fair value of the exclusive product license that Novartis would not have received without entering into the agreement and was therefore considered a distinct performance obligation. The Company determined that Novartis' right to access ociperlimab in its own trials over the option period and the initial transfer of know-how were not distinct from each other, as the right to access ociperlimab has limited value without the corresponding know-how transfer, and therefore should be combined into one distinct performance obligation. The ociperlimab R&D Services represent a material promise and were determined to be a separate performance obligation at the outset of the agreement as the promise is distinct and has standalone value to Novartis.
The Company determined the transaction price at the outset of the arrangement as the upfront payment of $300,000. The option exercise fee was contingent upon Novartis exercising its right and was considered fully constrained until the option was exercised. Additionally, the milestone and royalty payments were not applicable until after the option is exercised, at which point the likelihood of meeting milestones, regulatory approval and meeting certain sales thresholds would be assessed. The transaction price was allocated to the three identified performance obligations based on a relative fair value basis. The standalone selling price of the material right for the option to the exclusive product license was calculated as the incremental discount between (i) the value of the license determined using a discounted cash flow method adjusted for probability of the option being exercised and (ii) the expected option exercise fee using the most-likely-amount method at option exercise. The standalone selling price of the combined performance obligation for Novartis' right to access ociperlimab for its own clinical trials during the option period and the initial transfer of BeiGene know-how was determined using a discounted cash flow method. The standalone selling price of the ociperlimab R&D Services was determined using an expected cost plus margin approach. Based on the relative standalone selling prices of the three performance obligations, $71,980 of the total transaction price was allocated to the material right, $213,450 was allocated to Novartis' right to use ociperlimab in its own clinical trials during the option period and the transfer of BeiGene know-how, and $14,570 was allocated to the ociperlimab R&D Services.
The Company would have satisfied the material right performance obligation at a point in time at the earlier of when Novartis exercised the option and the license was delivered or the expiration of the option period. As such, the entire amount of the transaction price allocated to the material right was deferred. The portion of the transaction price allocated to Novartis' right to access ociperlimab in its own clinical trials during the option period and the initial transfer of BeiGene know-how was deferred and was recognized over the expected option period. The portion of the transaction price allocated to the ociperlimab R&D Services was deferred and was recognized as collaboration revenue as the ociperlimab R&D Services were performed over the expected option period.
In July 2023, the Company and Novartis mutually agreed to terminate the ociperlimab option, collaboration and license agreement, effective immediately. Pursuant to the termination agreement, the Company regained full, global rights to develop, manufacture and commercialize ociperlimab. Upon termination the Company had no further performance obligations under the collaboration, and all remaining deferred revenue balances were recognized in full. The China broad markets agreement remains in place.
The Company recognized collaboration revenue of $51,978 and $104,475 related to Novartis’ right to access ociperlimab in clinical trials and the transfer of know how performance obligation during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $26,249 and $78,746 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. The Company recognized R&D service revenue of $3,569 and $7,153 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and $1,791 and $5,375 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. The Company recognized the $71,980 allocated to the material right as collaboration revenue upon termination during the quarter ended September 30, 2023. The Company also recognized other collaboration revenue of $2,954 and $5,590 related to revenue generated under the broad
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markets marketing and promotion agreement in conjunction with the collaboration during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.
In-Licensing Arrangements - Commercial
Amgen
In October 2019, the Company entered into a global strategic oncology collaboration with Amgen (“Amgen Collaboration Agreement”) for the commercialization and development (the “Distribution Rights”), in China, excluding Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macau, of Amgen’s XGEVA®, KYPROLIS® and Taiwan (the “Chinese License Agreement”).BLINCYTO®, and the joint global development of a portfolio of oncology assets in Amgen’s pipeline, with BeiGene responsible for development and commercialization in China. The China License Agreementagreement became effective on January 2, 2020, following approval by the Company's shareholders and satisfaction of other closing conditions.
Under the agreement, the Company is responsible for the commercialization of XGEVA, KYPROLIS and BLINCYTO in China for five or seven years. Amgen is responsible for manufacturing the products globally and will supply the products to the Company at an agreed upon price. The Company and Amgen will share equally in the China commercial profits and losses during the commercialization period. Following the commercialization period, the Company has the right to retain one product and is entitled to receive royalties on sales in China for an additional five years on the products not retained. XGEVA was approved in China in 2019 for patients with giant cell tumor of the bone and in November 2020 for the prevention of skeletal-related events in cancer patients with bone metastases. In July 2020, the Company began commercializing XGEVA in China. In December 2020, BLINCYTO was approved in China for injection for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In July 2021, KYPROLIS was conditionally approved in China for injection in combination with dexamethasone for the treatment of adult patients with R/R multiple myeloma. In April 2022, BLINCYTO was conditionally approved for injection for the treatment of pediatric patients with R/R CD19-positive B-cell precursor ALL.
Amgen and the Company are also jointly developing a portfolio of Amgen oncology pipeline assets under the collaboration. The Company is responsible for conducting clinical development activities in China and co-funding global development costs by contributing cash and development services up to a total cap of $1,250,000. Amgen is responsible for all development, regulatory and commercial activities outside of China. For each pipeline asset that is approved in China, the Company will receive commercial rights for seven years from approval. The Company has the right to retain approximately one out of every three approved pipeline assets, other than LUMAKRAS® (sotorasib), Amgen's KRAS G12C inhibitor, for commercialization in China. The Company and Amgen will share equally in the China commercial profits and losses during the commercialization period. The Company is entitled to receive royalties from sales in China for pipeline assets returned to Amgen for five years after the seven-year commercialization period. The Company is also entitled to receive royalties from global sales of each product outside of China (with the exception of LUMAKRAS).

On April 20, 2022, the parties entered into the First Amendment to Amgen Collaboration Agreement, which amends certain terms and conditions relating to the financial responsibilities of the parties in connections with the development and commercialization of certain Amgen proprietary products for the treatment of oncology-related diseases and conditions. In connection with the Company’s ongoing assessment of the Amgen Collaboration Agreement cost-share contributions, the Company determined that further investment in the development of LUMAKRAS was no longer commercially viable for BeiGene. As a result, in February 2023, the Company and Amgen entered into the Second Amendment to the Amgen Collaboration Agreement to (i) stop sharing costs with Amgen for the further development of LUMAKRAS during the period starting January 1, 2023 and ending August 31, 2017 contemporaneously2023; and (ii) cooperate in good faith to prepare a transition plan with the closinganticipated termination of LUMAKRAS from the Amgen Collaboration Agreement.
The Amgen Collaboration Agreement is within the scope of ASC 808, as both parties are active participants and are exposed to the risks and rewards dependent on the commercial success of the acquisition of Celgene Shanghai andactivities performed under the A&R PD-1 License Agreement.

agreement. The Company evaluatedis the acquisitionprincipal for product sales to customers in China during the commercialization period and recognizes 100% of net product revenue on these sales. Amounts due to Amgen for its portion of net product sales will be recorded as cost of sales. Cost reimbursements due to or from Amgen under the profit share will be recognized as incurred and recorded to cost of sales; selling, general and administrative expense; or research and development expense, based on the underlying nature of the Celgene Shanghai equity andrelated activity subject to reimbursement. Costs incurred for the distribution rights acquired under ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations: Clarifying the Definition of a Business. Because substantially allCompany's portion of the valueglobal co-development funding are recorded to research and development expense as incurred.

In connection with the Amgen Collaboration Agreement, a Share Purchase Agreement (“SPA”) was entered into by the parties in October 2019. On January 2, 2020, the closing date of the acquisition did not relate totransaction, Amgen purchased 15,895,001 of the Company's ADSs for $174.85 per ADS, representing a similar group of assets  and20.5% ownership stake in the business contained both inputs and processesCompany. Per the SPA, the cash proceeds shall be used as necessary to manage products and provide economic benefits directlyfund the Company's development obligations under the Amgen Collaboration Agreement. Pursuant to its owners, it was determined that the acquisition represents a business combination. Therefore,SPA, Amgen also received the transaction has been accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. This method requires that assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination be recognized at their fair values asright to designate one member of the acquisition date.

16


Company's board of directors, and Anthony

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Share Subscription Agreement

On August 31, 2017,Hooper joined the Company closedCompany's board of directors as the sale of 32,746,416 ofAmgen designee in January 2020. Amgen relinquished its ordinary sharesright to Celgene Switzerland for an aggregate cash price of $150,000, or $4.58 per ordinary share, or $59.55 per ADS, pursuantappoint a designated director to the Share Subscription Agreement dated July 5, 2017 by and between BeiGene and Celgene Switzerland (the “Share Subscription Agreement”). See Note 22 for further descriptionCompany's board of the Share Subscription Agreement.

Determination of Purchase Price

The purchase price of Celgene Shanghai is calculated as $28,138, and is comprised of cash consideration of $4,532 and non-cash consideration of $23,606, related to the discount on ordinary shares issued to Celgenedirectors in connection withJanuary 2023.

In determining the Share Subscription Agreement. The discount was a result of the increase in fair value of the Company’s shares betweencommon stock at closing, the fixedCompany considered the closing price of $59.55 per ADS in the Share Subscription Agreementcommon stock on the closing date of the transaction and included a lack of marketability discount because the fair value per ADS as of August 31, 2017. The following summarizes the purchase price in the business combination (in thousands).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     

Purchase Price

Cash paid to acquire Celgene Shanghai

 

$

4,532

Discount on Share Subscription Agreement

 

 

23,606

Total purchase price

 

$

28,138

Purchase Price Allocation

The following table summarized the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

     

Amount

Cash and cash equivalents

$

24,448

Other current assets

 

518

Property and equipment, net

 

204

Intangible assets

 

7,500

Deferred tax asset

 

1,069

Total identifiable assets

 

33,739

Current liabilities

    

(5,710)

Deferred tax liability

 

(1,875)

Total liabilities assumed

 

(7,585)

Goodwill

 

1,984

Total fair value of consideration transferred

$

28,138

The Company’s accounting for this acquisition is preliminary.shares are subject to certain restrictions. The fair value estimates forof the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are subjectshares on the closing date was determined to change as additional information becomes available concerningbe $132.74 per ADS, or $2,109,902 in the aggregate. The Company determined that the premium paid by Amgen on the share purchase represents a cost share liability due to the Company's co-development obligations. The fair value and tax basis of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.  Any additional adjustments to the purchase price allocation will be made as soon as practicable but no later than one year from the date of acquisition. The goodwill resulting from the business combination is primarily attributable to the assembled workforce of the acquired business. The goodwill attributable to the business combination is not deductible for tax purposes.

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The following summarizes the business combination as presentedcost share liability on the statement of cash flows (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

Investing activities

 

 

 

Cash acquired

 

$

24,448

Cash paid to acquire Celgene Shanghai

 

 

(4,532)

Cash acquired in business combination, net of cash paid

 

$

19,916

 

 

 

 

Non-cash activities

 

 

 

Discount provided on sale of ordinary shares for business combination

 

$

(23,606)

5. Short-term investments

Short-term investments as of September 30, 2017 consisted of the following available-for-sale debt securities and time deposits:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross

 

Gross

 

Fair Value

 

 

Amortized

 

Unrealized

 

 Unrealized

 

(Net Carrying

 

    

Cost

    

Gains

    

Losses

    

Amount)

 

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

U.S. Treasury securities

 

498,905

 

 —

 

41

 

498,864

Time deposits

 

50,061

 

 

 —

 

50,061

Total

 

548,966

 

 —

 

41

 

548,925

Short-term investments as of December 31, 2016 consisted of the following available-for-sale debt securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross 

 

Gross 

 

Fair Value

 

 

Amortized

 

Unrealized

 

Unrealized

 

(Net Carrying

 

    

Cost

    

Gains

    

Losses

    

Amount)

 

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

U.S. Treasury securities

 

280,757

 

 —

 

97

 

280,660

Total

 

280,757

 

 —

 

97

 

280,660

Contractual maturities of all debt securities as of September 30, 2017 were within one year. The Company does not consider the investment in U.S. Treasury securitiesclosing date was determined to be other-than-temporarily impaired at September 30, 2017. The cost of securities sold is$601,857 based on the specific identification method.

6. Inventories

The Company’s inventory balance of $5,712 as of September 30, 2017 consisted entirely of finished goods product purchased from Celgene for distribution in the PRC.

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7. Property and equipment

Property and equipment consisted of the following:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As of

 

 

 

September 30, 

 

December 31, 

 

 

    

2017

    

2016

    

 

 

$

 

$

 

Laboratory equipment

 

14,612

 

7,536

 

Manufacturing equipment

 

13,380

 

 —

 

Leasehold improvements

 

12,758

 

9,446

 

Electronic equipment

 

1,234

 

647

 

Office equipment

 

1,135

 

449

 

Computer software

 

713

 

317

 

Property and equipment, at cost

 

43,832

 

18,395

 

Less accumulated depreciation

 

(12,535)

 

(7,473)

 

Construction in progress

 

24,025

 

15,055

 

Property and equipment, net

 

55,322

 

25,977

 

Construction in progress as of September 30, 2017 of $24,025 primarily relates to the buildout of the Guangzhou manufacturing facility. Construction in progress as of December 31, 2016 primarilyCompany's discounted estimated future cash flows related to the BeiGene Suzhou manufacturingpipeline assets. The total cash proceeds of $2,779,241 were allocated based on the relative fair value method, with $2,162,407 recorded to equity and laboratory facility that was put into service in$616,834 recorded as a research and development cost share liability. The cost share liability is being amortized proportionately as the third quarter of 2017. In the three months ended September 30, 2017, assets totaling $21,400Company contributes cash and development services to its total co-development funding cap.

Amounts recorded related to the Suzhou facilities were transferred to laboratory equipment, manufacturing equipment and leasehold improvements from construction in progress. Depreciation expenseCompany's portion of the co-development funding on the pipeline assets for the three and nine months ended September 30, 20172023 and 2022 were as follows:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,September 30,
 2023202220232022
 $$$$
Research and development expense16,321 25,462 39,595 72,251 
Amortization of research and development cost share liability15,900 24,806 38,569 70,389 
Total amount due to Amgen for BeiGene's portion of the development funding32,221 50,268 78,164 142,640 
As of
September 30,
2023
Remaining portion of development funding cap517,544 
As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the research and development cost share liability recorded in the Company's balance sheet was $1,237 and $2,641, respectively. Depreciation expenseas follows:
 As of
 September 30,December 31,
 20232022
 $$
Research and development cost share liability, current portion63,652 114,335 
Research and development cost share liability, non-current portion191,739 179,625 
Total research and development cost share liability255,391 293,960 
The total reimbursement due to (from) Amgen under the commercial profit-sharing agreement for product sales is classified in the income statement for the three and nine months ended September 30, 20162023 and 2022 as follows:

 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,September 30,
 2023202220232022
 $$$$
Cost of sales - product3,159 319 4,343 3,797 
Research and development431 (1,125)1,743 (227)
Selling, general and administrative(14,679)(13,854)(44,067)(40,496)
Total(11,089)(14,660)(37,981)(36,926)
The Company purchases commercial inventory from Amgen to distribute in China. Inventory purchases amounted to $18,746 and $58,023 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $29,269 and $59,330 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. Net amounts payable to Amgen was $505$45,918 and $1,436, respectively.

8. Land use right, net

The land use right represents the land acquired for the purpose of constructing and operating the biologics manufacturing facility in Guangzhou. In 2017, the Company acquired the land use right from the local Bureau of Land and Resources in Guangzhou. The land use right is amortized over the remaining term of the right. The land use right asset$54,064 as of September 30, 20172023 and December 31, 2016 is summarized as follows:

2022, respectively.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As of

 

 

 

September 30, 

 

December 31, 

 

 

    

2017

    

2016

 

 

 

$

 

$

 

Land use right, cost

 

12,354

 

 —

 

Accumulated amortization

 

(103)

 

 —

 

Land use right, net

 

12,251

 

 —

 

15

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In-Licensing Arrangements - Development

The Company has in-licensed the land use rightrights to develop, manufacture and, if approved, commercialize multiple development stage drug candidates globally or in specific territories. These arrangements typically include non-refundable upfront payments, contingent obligations for potential development, regulatory and commercial performance milestone payments, cost-sharing arrangements, royalty payments, and profit sharing.

Upfront and milestone payments made under these arrangements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 20172023 and 2022 are set forth below. All upfront and development milestones were expensed to research and development expense. All regulatory and commercial milestones were capitalized as intangible assets and are being amortized over the remainder of the respective product patent or the term of the commercialization agreements.

 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,September 30,
 2023202220232022
Payments due to collaboration partnersClassification$$$$
Upfront paymentsResearch and development expense15,000 20,000 15,000 20,000 
Regulatory and commercial milestone paymentsIntangible asset9,379 — 18,612 — 
Total24,379 20,000 33,612 20,000 
4. Restricted Cash and Investments
Restricted Cash
The Company’s restricted cash primarily consists of RMB-denominated cash deposits held in designated bank accounts for collateral for letters of credit. The Company classifies restricted cash as current or non-current based on the term of the restriction. Restricted cash as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $103,as follows:
 As of
 September 30,December 31,
 20232022
 $$
Short-term restricted cash11,548 196 
Long-term restricted cash2,008 5,277 
Total13,556 5,473 
In addition to the restricted cash balances above, the Company is required by the PRC securities law to use the proceeds from the STAR Offering in strict compliance with the planned uses as disclosed in the PRC prospectus as well as those disclosed in the Company's proceeds management policy approved by the board of directors. As of September 30, 2023, the Company had cash remaining related to the STAR Offering proceeds of $1,349,492.
Short-Term Investments
Short-term investments as of September 30, 2023 consisted of the following available-for-sale debt securities:
  GrossGrossFair Value
 AmortizedUnrealizedUnrealized(Net Carrying
 CostGainsLossesAmount)
 $$$$
U.S. Treasury securities107,783 — 794 106,989 
Total107,783 — 794 106,989 
 Short-term investments as of December 31, 2022 consisted of the following available-for-sale debt securities:
16

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  Gross Gross Fair Value
 AmortizedUnrealizedUnrealized(Net Carrying
 CostGainsLossesAmount)
 $$$$
U.S. Treasury securities674,262 — 9,011 665,251 
Total674,262 — 9,011 665,251 
As of September 30, 2023, the Company's available-for-sale debt securities consisted entirely of short-term U.S. treasury securities, which were determined to have zero risk of expected credit loss. Accordingly, no allowance for credit loss was chargedrecorded as of September 30, 2023.
Equity Securities with Readily Determinable Fair Values
Leap Therapeutics, Inc. (Leap)
In January 2020, the Company purchased $5,000 of Series B mandatorily convertible, non-voting preferred stock of Leap in connection with a strategic collaboration and license agreement the Company entered into with Leap. The Series B shares were subsequently converted into shares of Leap common stock and warrants to purchase additional shares of common stock upon approval of Leap's shareholders in March 2020. In September 2021, the Company purchased $7,250 of common stock in Leap's underwritten public offering. As of September 30, 2023, the Company's ownership interest in the outstanding common stock of Leap was 2.9% based on information from Leap. Inclusive of the shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of the currently exercisable warrants, the Company's interest is approximately 4.7%. The Company measures the investment in the common stock and warrants at fair value, with changes in fair value recorded to other income (expense), net.
Losses recognized on the Company's investment in Leap were as follows:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,September 30,
 2023202220232022
 $$$$
Other income (expense), net(2,291)(2,950)(2,927)(25,611)
As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the fair value of the common stock and warrants were as follows:
 As of
 September 30,December 31,
 20232022
 $$
Fair value of Leap common stock1,014 3,307 
Fair value of Leap warrants72 706 

Private Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Values
The Company invests in equity securities of certain companies whose securities are not publicly traded and fair value is not readily determinable and where the Company has concluded it does not have significant influence based on its ownership percentage and other factors. These investments are recorded at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. The Company held investments of $57,631 and $57,054 in equity securities without readily determinable fair values as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
Gains/losses recognized on the Company's investments in equity securities without readily determinable fair values were as follows:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,September 30,
 2023202220232022
 $$$$
Other income (expense), net(5,522)4,699 (4,441)5,065 
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Equity-Method Investments
The Company records equity-method investments at cost and subsequently adjusts the basis based on the Company's ownership percentage in the investee's income and expenses, as well as dividends, if any. The Company holds equity-method investments totaling $27,325 and $27,710 as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, that it does not consider to be individually significant to its financial statements.
Losses recognized on the Company's equity-method investments were as follows:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,September 30,
 2023202220232022
 $$$$
Other income (expense), net(2,675)(1,357)(5,299)(2,591)
5. Inventories, Net
The Company’s inventories, net consisted of the following:
 As of
 September 30,December 31, 
 20232022
 $$
Raw materials94,031 88,957 
Work in process40,023 20,886 
Finished goods182,875 172,503 
Total inventories, net316,929 282,346 
6. Property, Plant and Equipment, Net
Property, plant and equipment, net are recorded at cost and consisted of the following:
 As of
 September 30,December 31, 
 20232022
 $$
Land65,485 65,485 
Building215,182 222,448 
Manufacturing equipment172,692 175,679 
Laboratory equipment186,545 158,908 
Leasehold improvement53,135 53,786 
Software, electronics and office equipment74,766 47,483 
Property, plant and equipment, at cost767,805 723,789 
Less: accumulated depreciation(220,835)(171,470)
Construction in progress631,068 293,627 
Property, plant and equipment, net1,178,038 845,946 
As of September 30, 2023, the Company has construction in process. Amortizationprocess of $419,498 related to the Hopewell facility construction.
Depreciation expense of the land use rightwas $19,242 and $59,574 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 was nil.

As of2023, respectively, and $15,214 and $45,255 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, expected amortization expense for the land use right is approximately $62 for the remainder of 2017, $247 in 2018, $247 in 2019, $247 in 2020, $247 in 2021 and $11,201 in 2022, and thereafter.

respectively.

19

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9.7. Intangible assets and Goodwill

Assets

Intangible assets outstanding as of September 30, 20172023 and December 31, 20162022 are summarized as follows:

As of

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

September 30, 2023December 31, 2022

 

September 30, 2017

 

December 31, 2016

Gross  Gross  

 

Gross

 

 

 

 

 

Gross

 

 

 

 

carryingAccumulatedIntangiblecarryingAccumulatedIntangible

 

carrying

 

Accumulated

 

Intangible

 

carrying

 

Accumulated

 

Intangible

amountamortizationassets, netamountamortizationassets, net

    

amount

    

amortization

    

assets, net

    

amount

    

amortization

    

assets, net

$$$$$$

Finite-lived intangible assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Finite-lived intangible assets:      

Product distribution rights

 

7,500

 

(63)

 

7,437

 

 —

 

 —

 

 —

Product distribution rights7,500 (5,663)1,837 7,500 (4,000)3,500 
Developed productsDeveloped products58,396 (6,576)51,820 41,235 (4,119)37,116 
Trading licenseTrading license816 (816)— 816 (816)— 

Total finite-lived intangible assets

 

7,500

 

(63)

 

7,437

 

 —

 

 —

 

 —

Total finite-lived intangible assets66,712 (13,055)53,657 49,551 (8,935)40,616 

Product distribution rights consist of distribution rights on the approved cancer therapies licensed from Celgene, ABRAXANE®, REVLIMID®, and VIDAZA®, and its investigational agent CC-122 acquiredBristol-Myers Squibb Company (“BMS”) as part of the Celgene transaction.

BMS collaboration. The Company is amortizing the product distribution rights, as a single identified asset, through December 31, 2023, when the rights revert back to BMS under the terms of the Settlement Agreement. Developed products represent the post-approval milestone payments under license and commercialization agreements. The Company is amortizing the developed products over the remainder of the respective product patent or the term of the commercialization agreements. Trading license represents the Guangzhou drug distribution license acquired in September 2018. The Company amortized the drug distribution trading license over the remainder of the initial license term through February 2020. The trading license has been renewed through February 2024.

Amortization expense for developed products is included in cost of sales - product in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Amortization expense for product distribution rights and the trading licenses is included in operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
The weighted-average life for each finite-lived intangible assets is approximately 9 years. Amortization expense was as follows:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,September 30,
 2023202220232022
 $$$$
Amortization expense - Cost of sales - product981 800 2,620 2,444 
Amortization expense - Operating expense1,287 187 1,662 563 
Total2,268 987 4,282 3,007 
Estimated amortization expense for each of the five succeeding years and thereafter, as of September 30, 2023 is as follows:
Year Ending December 31,Cost of Sales - ProductOperating ExpensesTotal
 $$$
2023 (remainder of year)1,561 1,837 3,398 
20246,240 — 6,240 
20256,240 — 6,240 
20266,240 — 6,240 
20276,240 — 6,240 
2028 and thereafter25,299 — 25,299 
Total51,820 1,837 53,657 
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8. Income Taxes
Income tax expense was $13,925 and $39,091 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. Income tax expense was $6,318 and $28,408 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. The income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 20172023 and 2022 was $63primarily attributable to current China tax expense due to certain non-deductible expenses and $63, respectively.

current U.S. tax expense determined after other special tax deductions and research and development tax credits.

On a quarterly basis, the Company evaluates the realizability of deferred tax assets by jurisdiction and assesses the need for a valuation allowance. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, the Company considers historical profitability, evaluation of scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax-planning strategies. Valuation allowances have been provided on deferred tax assets where, based on all available evidence, it was considered more likely than not that some portion or all of the recorded deferred tax assets will not be realized in future periods. After consideration of all positive and negative evidence, as of September 30, 2023, the Company will maintain a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets.
As of September 30, 2017, expected amortization expense for2023, the unamortized finite-lived intangible assets is approximately $188 forCompany had gross unrecognized tax benefits of $13,910. The Company does not anticipate that the remainder of 2017, $750 in 2018, $750 in 2019, $750 in 2020, $750 in 2021, and $4,249 in 2022 and thereafter.

Goodwill

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwillexisting unrecognized tax benefits will significantly change within the next 12 months. The Company’s reserve for uncertain tax positions increased by $1,386 and $2,355 in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 were as follows:

$

Balance as of December 31, 2016

 —

Goodwill related to acquisition of the Celgene Shanghai business

1,984

Foreign currency translation adjustments

 —

Balance as of September 30, 2017

1,984

10. Income taxes

Income tax benefit was $3,061 and $2,680, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. Income tax expense was $1272023 primarily due to U.S. federal and $306, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. The income tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2017 was primarily attributable to the effect of estimated realized research and developmentstate tax credits and the U.S. Orphan Drug Credit.

As of September 30, 2017, the Company had a net liability for unrecognized tax benefits included in the balance sheet of $634. We recognize interest and, if applicable, penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes. We believe we have appropriately provided for all tax uncertainties.

The Company recorded a full valuation allowance against deferred tax assets related to net operating losses and other deductible temporary differences in all of its subsidiaries, except for BeiGene (USA) and BeiGene Pharmaceutical (Shanghai). As of September 30, 2017, deferred tax assets of $7,684 were primarily related to deductible temporary differences on share-based compensation expense, depreciation and accruals and deferred tax liabilities of $1,859 were primarily related to deductible temporary differences on intangible assets acquired in the business combination. In the nine months ended September 30, 2017, income tax benefit was comprised of a deferred tax benefit of $5,871 and tax expense of $3,191. Taxes payable totaled $2,852 and $804 as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. 

incentives.

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The Company conducts business in a number of tax jurisdictions and, as such, areis required to file income tax returns in multiple jurisdictions globally. TheAs of September 30, 2023, Australia tax matters are open to examination for the years 2013 through 2023, China tax matters are open to examination for the years 2013 through 2023, Switzerland tax matters are open to examination for the years 2018 through 2023, and U.S. federal tax matters are open to examination for years 2015 and 2016 remain open for examination by the United States Internal Revenue Service and the years 2010 through 2016 remain open for examination in the various2023. Various U.S. states and other non-US tax jurisdictions in which the Company filefiles tax returns.

11. Accruedreturns remain open to examination for 2012 through 2023.

9. Supplemental Balance Sheet Information
Prepaid expenses and other payables

current assets consist of the following:

 As of
 September 30,December 31, 
 20232022
 $$
Prepaid research and development costs73,036 71,488 
Prepaid manufacturing cost71,993 58,950 
Prepaid taxes19,568 20,478 
Other receivables43,911 22,777 
Prepaid commercial1,089 1,461 
Interest receivable1,628 3,039 
Prepaid insurance6,492 3,664 
Other current assets23,944 34,696 
Total241,661 216,553 








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Other non-current assets consist of the following:
 As of
 September 30,December 31, 
 20232022
 $$
Prepayment of property and equipment12,343 22,025 
Prepaid supply cost (1)28,290 48,642 
Prepaid VAT2,034 804 
Rental deposits and other6,944 7,054 
Long-term restricted cash2,008 5,277 
Long-term investments89,281 91,779 
Other— 109 
Total140,900 175,690 
(1) Represents payments for future supply purchases under the license agreement with Luye Pharma Group and facility expansion under commercial supply agreements. The payments are providing future benefit to the Company through credits on commercial supply purchases.
Accrued expenses and other payables consistedconsist of the following:

 

 

 

 

 

 

As of

 

As of

 

September 30, 

 

December 31, 

 

September 30,December 31, 

    

2017

    

2016

    

20232022

 

$

 

$

 

$$

Compensation related

 

9,342

 

3,980

 

Compensation related173,980 184,775 

External research and development activities related

 

25,267

 

14,198

 

External research and development activities related92,710 139,168 
Commercial activitiesCommercial activities60,692 51,806 
Individual income tax and other taxesIndividual income tax and other taxes23,191 18,815 

Sales rebates and returns related

 

1,697

 

 —

 

Sales rebates and returns related112,256 41,817 

Professional fees and other

 

10,685

 

4,119

 

Total accrued expenses and other payables

 

46,991

 

22,297

 

OtherOther42,995 30,971 
TotalTotal505,824 467,352 

12. Warrants

Other long-term liabilities consist of the following:
 As of
 September 30,December 31, 
 20232022
 $$
Deferred government grant income33,909 38,176 
Pension liability7,830 7,760 
Other247 159 
Total41,986 46,095 

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10. Debt
The following table summarizes the Company's short-term and option liabilities

Optionlong-term debt obligations as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

LenderAgreement DateLine of CreditTermMaturity DateInterest RateAs of
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
$RMB$RMB
China Construction BankApril 4, 2018RMB580,0009-yearApril 4, 2027(1)10,273 75,000 7,250 50,000 
China Merchants BankJanuary 22, 2020(2) 9-yearJanuary 20, 2029(2)6,800 49,643 1,450 10,000 
China Merchants BankNovember 9, 2020RMB378,0009-yearNovember 8, 2029(3)5,479 40,000 5,437 37,500 
China Minsheng Bank (the “Senior Loan”)September 24, 2020$200,000(4)4.3%150,000 1,095,130 150,000 1,034,554 
Shanghai Pudong Development BankFebruary 25, 2022$50,0001-yearFebruary 25, 20232.2%— — 50,000 344,851 
China Merchants BankJune 5, 2023RMB 400,0001-yearJune 4, 20243.2%54,788 400,000 — — 
HSBC BankMay 4, 2023RMB 340,0001-yearMay 3, 20244.7%46,570 340,000 — — 
China Industrial BankMay 30, 2023RMB 200,0001-yearMay 29, 20242.8%27,394 200,000 — — 
Other short-term debt (5)27,257 199,000 114,832 792,000 
Total short-term debt328,560 2,398,773 328,969 2,268,905 
China Construction BankApril 4, 2018RMB580,0009-yearApril 4, 2027(1)64,376 470,000 75,395 520,000 
China Merchants BankJanuary 22, 2020(2) 9-yearJanuary 20, 2029(2)38,743 282,857 47,847 330,000 
China Merchants BankNovember 9, 2020RMB378,0009-yearNovember 8, 2029(3)42,529 310,500 49,369 340,500 
China CITIC BankJuly 29, 2022RMB480,00010-yearJuly 28, 2032(6)56,842 415,000 36,537 252,000 
Total long-term bank loans202,491 1,478,357 209,148 1,442,500 
1.The outstanding borrowings bear floating interest rates benchmarking RMB loan interest rates of financial institutions in the PRC. The loan interest rate was 4.5% as of September 30, 2023. The loan is secured by BeiGene Guangzhou Factory's land use right and certain Guangzhou Factory fixed assets in the first phase of the Guangzhou manufacturing facility's build out. The Company repaid $3,483 (RMB25,000) during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.
2.On January 22, 2020, BeiGene Guangzhou Biologics Manufacturing Co., Ltd.(“BeiGene Guangzhou Factory”) entered into a nine-year bank loan with China Merchants Bank to borrow up to RMB1,100,000 at a floating interest rate benchmarked against prevailing interest rates of certain PRC financial institutions. The loan is secured by Guangzhou Factory's second land use right and fixed assets placed into service upon completion of the second phase of the Guangzhou manufacturing facility's build out. In connection with the Company's short-term loan agreements with China Merchants Bank entered into during the year ended December 31, 2020, the borrowing capacity was reduced from RMB1,100,000 to RMB350,000. The loan interest rate was 4.1% as of September 30, 2023. The Company repaid $1,081 (RMB7,500) during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.
3.The outstanding borrowings bear floating interest rates benchmarking RMB loan interest rates of financial institutions in the PRC. The loan interest rate was 3.9% as of September 30, 2023. The loan is secured by fixed assets placed into service upon completion of the third phase of the Guangzhou manufacturing facility's build out. The Company repaid $3,898 (RMB27,500) during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.
4.In September 2020, the Company entered into a loan agreement with China Minsheng Bank for a total loan facility of up to $200,000 (“Senior Loan”), of which $120,000 was designated to fund the purchase sharesof noncontrolling equity interest in BeiGene Biologics Co., Ltd. (“BeiGene Biologics”) from Guangzhou GET Technology Development Co., Ltd. (now Guangzhou High-tech Zone Technology Holding Group Co., Ltd.) (“GET”) and repayment of the loan provided by rental deferral

GET (“Shareholder Loan”) and $80,000 was designated for general working capital purposes. The Senior Loan had an original maturity date of October 8, 2021, which was the first anniversary of the first date of utilization of the loan. The Company may extend the original maturity date for up to two additional 12 month periods. On October 8, 2021, the Company extended the maturity date for twelve months to October 8, 2022 and repurposed the Senior Loan for general working capital purposes. On September 1, 2012, in conjunction with a lease agreement of one of its premises,30, 2022, the Company grantedentered into an amendment and restatement agreement with China Minsheng Bank to extend the landlord an optionmaturity date to purchaseOctober 9, 2023. In October 2023, the Company’s ordinary shares (the “Option”)Company repaid the outstanding principal of the Senior Loan in exchangethe amount of $150,000.

5.During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company entered into short-term working capital loans with China Industrial Bank and China Merchants Bank to borrow up to RMB875,000 in aggregate, with maturity dates ranging from December 15, 2022 to May 24, 2023. The Company repaid $109,576 (RMB792,000) and drew down $28,174 (RMB199,000) during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.The weighted average interest rate for the deferralshort-term working capital loans was approximately 3.2% as of September 30, 2023. The outstanding principal balance is due in May 2024.
6.In July 2022, the Company entered into a 10-year bank loan agreement with China CITIC Bank to borrow up to RMB480,000 at a floating interest rate benchmarked against prevailing interest rates of certain PRC financial institutions. The Company drew down $22,502 (RMB163,000) during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The weighted average loan interest rate was 3.9% as of September 30, 2023. The loan is secured by BeiGene Suzhou Co., Ltd.'s land use right and construction in process.

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Line of Credit
On July 28, 2023 (the “Signing Date”), a credit facility agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) was entered into by and between the Company, as the borrower, and China Merchants Bank Co., Ltd., as the lender (the “Lender”). The Credit Agreement provides for a $400 million uncommitted and unsecured credit facility (the “Credit Facility”), pursuant to which each loan issued has a term up to one year, provided that all loans must be repaid within eighteen months of the payment of one year’s rental expense. The Option wasSigning Date. Loans under the Credit Facility have a freestanding instrumentfloating interest rate based on the secured overnight financing rate plus an applicable margin and was recorded as liability in accordance with ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilitiesare calculated daily from Equity. The Option was initially recognized at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in losses. Prior to the Company’s IPO, the Company determined the fair value of the Option with the assistance of an independent third party valuation firm. On February 8, 2016, immediately prior to the Company’s IPO, the landlord exercised the Option to purchase 1,451,586 ordinary shares of the Company. As the exercise date was the IPO closing date the exercise date fair valueloan is utilized and settled on a quarterly basis. As of September 30, 2023, no borrowings were outstanding under the Option of $2,540 was determined based on its intrinsic value, which equaled the difference between the share price at the IPO closing date and the exercise price of such purchased ordinary shares. DuringCredit Agreement.
Interest Expense
Interest expense recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company recognized a loss from the increase in fair value of the Option of nil2023 was $6,630 and $1,151, respectively.

Warrants in connection with the promissory notes

During the years ended December 31, 2012 to 2014, the Company entered into agreements with several investors to issue convertible promissory notes,$16,095, respectively, among which, $11,632 and related warrants to purchase the Company’s preferred shares up to 10% of the convertible promissory notes’ principal amount concurrently, for an aggregate principal amount of $2,410. The warrants were freestanding instruments and were recorded as liabilities in accordance with ASC480. The warrants were initially recognized at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in losses. In January 2016 and February 2016, the warrants issued in connection with the promissory notes were exercised for 621,637 Preferred Shares, which shares were converted into 621,637 ordinary shares at the time of the IPO. As the exercise dates were very close to the IPO closing date, the respective exercise date fair value of the warrants of $1,148$12,404 was determined based on the intrinsic value, which equaled the difference between the share price at the IPO closing date and the exercise price of the issued warrants.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company recognized a loss from the increase in fair value of the warrants of nil and $363, respectively.

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13. Short-term loan

On March 28, 2017, BeiGene Biologics borrowed a RMB denominated short-term loan with a principal amount of $2,470 from GET. The loan was interest-free and was a temporary borrowing for the payment of a land auction deposit. The land was expected to be acquired for building the biologics manufacturing facility in Guangzhou. On April 14, 2017, the short-term loan was fully settled.

14. Long-term bank loan

On September 2, 2015, BeiGene (Suzhou) entered into a loan agreement with Suzhou Industrial Park Biotech Development Co., Ltd. and China Construction Bank to borrow $18,036 at a 7% fixed annual interest rate. As of September 30, 2017, the Company has drawn downthe entire $18,036, which is secured by BeiGene (Suzhou)’s equipment with a carrying amount of $23,263 and the Company’s rights to a PRC patent on a drug candidate. The loan principal amounts of $9,018 and $9,018 are repayable on September 30, 2018 and 2019,capitalized, respectively. Interest expense recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 amounted to $3212022 was $5,596 and $936, respectively.

15. Shareholder Loan

On March 7, 2017, BeiGene Biologics entered into the Shareholder Loan Contract with GET, pursuant to which GET agreed to provide a shareholder loan of RMB900,000 to BeiGene Biologics. The Shareholder Loan has a conversion feature, settled in a variable number of shares of common stock upon conversion (the “debt-to-equity conversion”). On April 14, 2017, BeiGene Biologics drew down the entire Shareholder Loan of RMB900,000 from GET.

Key features of the Shareholder Loan

The Shareholder Loan bears interest at a fixed rate of 8% per annum and compounding interest shall not apply. No accrued interest is due and payable prior to the repayment of the principal or the debt-to-equity conversion. The term of the Shareholder Loan is 72 months, commencing from the actual drawdown date of April 14, 2017 and ending on April 13, 2023, unless converted earlier.

The Shareholder Loan can only be used for BeiGene Biologics, including the construction and operation of the biologics manufacturing facility and research and development and clinical trials to be carried out by BeiGene Biologics. If BeiGene Biologics does not use the Shareholder Loan proceeds for the specified purposes, GET may be entitled to certain liquidated damages. In the event of an early termination of the JV Agreement, the Shareholder Loan will become due and payable at the time of termination of the JV Agreement.

The Shareholder Loan may be repaid or converted, either partially or in full, to an additional mid-single digit percentage equity interest in BeiGene Biologics prior to its maturity date, pursuant to the terms of the JV Agreement. BeiGene Biologics has the right to make early repayment at any time; provided, however, that if repayment is to occur before the debt-to-equity conversion it would require written approval of both BeiGene Biologics and GET. Upon conversion of the shareholder loan, GET will receive an additional equity interest in BeiGene Biologics, which will be based on the formula outlined in the JV Agreement.

Accounting for the Shareholder Loan

The Shareholder Loan is classified as a long-term liability and initially measured at the principal of RMB900,000. Interest will be accrued based on the interest rate of 8% per annum. As the Shareholder Loan may be share-settled by a number of shares with a fair value equal to a fixed settlement amount, the settlement is not viewed as a conversion feature, but as a redemption feature because the settlement amount does not vary with the share price. This in-substance redemption feature does not require bifurcation because it is clearly and closely related to the debt host that does not involves a substantial premium or discount. Since there is no conversion feature embedded in the Shareholder Loan, no beneficial conversion feature was recorded. There are no other embedded derivatives that are required to be bifurcated.

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The portion of interest accrued on the Shareholder Loan related to borrowings used to construct the BeiGene factory in Guangzhou is being capitalized in accordance with ASC 835-20, Interest – Capitalization of Interest.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, total interest expense generated from the Shareholder Loan was $2,690 and $4,929,$16,580, respectively, among which, $125$527 and $129 were$2,462 was capitalized, respectively.

16. Related party balances and transactions

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, a shareholder, who is also a director, provided consulting services to the Company at a fee of $25 and $75, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, a shareholder, who is also a director, provided consulting services to the Company at a fee of $25 and $75, respectively.

17.

11. Product revenue, net

Revenue

The Company’s product sales arerevenue is primarily derived from the sale of ABRAXANE®its internally developed products BRUKINSA in the United States China, and REVLIMID®,other regions, and tislelizumab and pamiparib in China; XGEVA,BLINCYTOand KYPROLIS in China under a distribution license from Celgene. Amgen; REVLIMID® and VIDAZA® in China under a license from BMS; and POBEVCY® in China under a license from Bio-Thera.
The table below presents the Company’s net product sales for the three and nine months ended September 30, 20172023 and 2016.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended 

 

Nine Months Ended 

 

 

 

September 30, 

 

September 30, 

 

 

    

2017

    

2016

    

2017

    

2016

 

 

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

Product revenue - gross

 

10,521

 

 —

 

10,521

 

 —

 

Less: Rebate and sales return

 

(1,699)

 

 —

 

(1,699)

 

 —

 

Product revenue - net

 

8,822

 

 —

 

8,822

 

 —

 

18. Net income/(loss) per share

Net income/(loss) per share was calculated as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended 

 

Nine Months Ended 

 

 

 

September 30, 

 

September 30, 

 

 

    

2017

    

2016

    

2017

    

2016

    

 

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

Basic net income/(loss) per share

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Numerator:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income/(loss) attributable to BeiGene, Ltd. ordinary shareholder

 

117,386

 

(35,494)

 

6,218

 

(81,619)

 

Denominator:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average shares outstanding

 

547,546,656

 

428,137,509

 

527,329,985

 

383,472,372

 

Basic net income/(loss) per share

 

0.21

 

(0.08)

 

0.01

 

(0.21)

 

Diluted net income/(loss) per share

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Numerator:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income/(loss) attributable to BeiGene, Ltd. ordinary shareholder

 

117,386

 

(35,494)

 

6,218

 

(81,619)

 

Denominator:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Number of shares used in basic computation

 

547,546,656

 

428,137,509

 

527,329,985

 

383,472,372

 

Weighted average effect of dilutive shares:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Employee stock options and restricted stock units

 

51,838,863

 

 —

 

32,802,202

 

 —

 

Non-employee stock options

 

1,227,161

 

 —

 

1,105,631

 

 —

 

Number of shares used in per share computation

 

600,612,680

 

428,137,509

 

561,237,818

 

383,472,372

 

Diluted net income/(loss) per share

 

0.20

 

(0.08)

 

0.01

 

(0.21)

 

2022.

23

 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,September 30,
 2023202220232022
 $$$$
Product revenue – gross731,515 398,379 1,908,448 1,036,652 
Less: Rebates and sales returns(136,225)(48,873)(349,122)(121,062)
Product revenue – net595,290 349,506 1,559,326 915,590 

Table of Contents

ForThe following table disaggregates net product sales by product for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017,2023 and 2022:

 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,September 30,
 2023202220232022
 $$$$
BRUKINSA®
357,695 155,495 877,353 388,567 
Tislelizumab144,352 128,206 408,666 320,728 
REVLIMID®
14,960 19,046 59,965 60,622 
XGEVA®
24,456 18,148 68,621 47,156 
POBEVCY®
14,130 9,873 41,894 29,671 
BLINCYTO®
14,870 6,214 40,394 27,610 
KYPROLIS®
11,101 2,820 27,096 11,225 
VIDAZA®
4,320 3,314 11,439 12,260 
Pamiparib1,887 1,266 5,612 5,843 
Other7,519 5,124 18,286 11,908 
Total product revenue – net595,290 349,506 1,559,326 915,590 
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The following table presents the roll-forward of accrued sales rebates and returns for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 20232022
 $$
Balance at beginning of the period41,817 59,639 
Accrual349,122 121,062 
Payments(278,683)(130,811)
Balance at end of the period112,256 49,890 
12. Earnings (Loss) Per Share
The following table reconciles the numerator and denominator in the computations of basic net incomeand diluted earnings (loss) per share:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,September 30,
 2023202220232022
 $$$$
Numerator:  
Net income (loss)215,413 (557,556)(514,155)(1,558,480)
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding—basic1,360,716,279 1,345,303,747 1,358,392,470 1,337,976,853 
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options, restricted stock units and ESPP shares29,615,554 — — — 
Weighted average shares outstanding—diluted1,390,331,833 1,345,303,747 1,358,392,470 1,337,976,853 
Basic earnings per share was computed using the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net incomeFor the three months ended September 30, 2023, diluted earnings per share was computed using the weighted-average number of ordinary shares and the effect of potentially dilutive shares outstanding during the periods. Potentially dilutive shares consist of stock options, and restricted stock units.units and ESPP shares. The dilutive effect of outstanding stock options, and restricted stock units and ESPP shares is reflected in diluted net incomeearnings per share by application of the treasury stock method.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016,2022, the computation of basic earnings /(loss)loss per share using the two-class method was not applicable as the Company was in a net loss position.

Theposition, and the effects of all share options, restricted shares, restricted share units and restrictedESPP shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted earningsloss per share, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive during the three months ended September 30, 2016. The effects of all convertible preferred shares, share options, restricted shares, warrants and options to purchase ordinary or preferred shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share as their effect would have been anti-dilutive during the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

19. Share-based compensation

anti-dilutive.

13. Share-Based Compensation Expense
2016 Share Option and Incentive Plan

On

In January 14, 2016, in connection with the IPO,Company's initial public offering (“IPO”) on the Nasdaq Stock Market, the board of directors and shareholders of the Company approved the 2016 Share Option and Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”), which became effective onin February 2, 2016. The Company initially reserved 65,029,595 ordinary shares for the issuance of awards under the 2016 Plan, plus any shares available under the 2011 Option Plan (the “2011 Plan”), and not subject to any outstanding options as of the effective date of the 2016 Plan, along with underlying share awards under the 2011 Plan that are cancelled or forfeited without issuance of ordinary shares. As of September 30, 2017,2023, ordinary shares cancelled or forfeited under the 2011 Plan that were provided backcarried over to the 2016 Plan totaled 4,857,136. The5,166,822. In December 2018, the shareholders approved an amended and restated 2016 Plan provides for an annualto increase in the shares available for issuance, to be added on the first day of each fiscal year, beginning on January 1, 2017 and continuing until the expiration of the 2016 Plan, equal to the lesser of (i) five percent (5%) of the outstanding shares of the Company’s ordinary shares on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year or (ii) such number of shares determinedauthorized for issuance by the Company’s board of directors or the compensation committee. On January 1, 2017, 25,791,68038,553,159 ordinary shares, were addedas well as amend the cap on annual compensation to independent directors and make other changes. In June 2020, the shareholders approved an Amendment No. 1 to the 2016 Plan under this provision.to increase the number of shares authorized for issuance by 57,200,000 ordinary shares and to extend the term of the plan through April 13, 2030. The number of shares available for issuance under the 2016 Plan is subject to adjustment in the event of a share split, share dividend or other change in the Company’s capitalization.

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Table of Contents

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017,2023, the Company granted 60,450,462 options with an exercise price perfor 9,710,389 ordinary shares and restricted share equal to 1/13 of the closing price of the Company’s ADS quoted on the NASDAQ Stock Exchange on the applicable grant date, 1,212,411 restricted stock units and 300,000 restrictedfor 32,773,429 ordinary shares under the 2016 Plan. As of September 30, 2017,2023, options and restricted stockshare units for ordinary shares outstanding under the 2016 Plan totaled 130,809,41762,526,923 and 1,212,411,67,329,574, respectively.

During the nine months ended As of September 30, 20172023, share-based awards to acquire 37,482,015 ordinary shares were available for future grant under the 2016 Plan.

In order to continue to provide incentive opportunities under the 2016 Plan, the Board of Directors and shareholders of the Company approved an amendment to the 2016 Plan (the “Amendment No. 2”), which became effective as of June 22, 2022, to increase the number of authorized shares available for issuance under the 2016 Plan by 66,300,000 ordinary shares, or 5% of the Company's outstanding shares as of March 31, 2022.
2018 Inducement Equity Plan
In June 2018, the board of directors of the Company approved the 2018 Inducement Equity Plan (the “2018 Plan”) and reserved 12,000,000 ordinary shares to be used exclusively for grants of awards to individuals that were not previously employees of the Company or its subsidiaries, as a material inducement to the individual’s entry into employment with the Company or its subsidiaries within the meaning of Rule 5635(c)(4) of the Nasdaq Listing Rules. The 2018 Plan was approved by the board of directors upon recommendation of the compensation committee, without shareholder approval pursuant to Rule 5635(c)(4) of the Nasdaq Listing Rules. The terms and conditions of the 2018 Plan, and the forms of award agreements to be used thereunder, are substantially similar to the 2016 Plan and the forms of award agreements thereunder. In August 2018, in connection with the Hong Kong IPO, the board of directors of the Company approved an amended and restated 2018 Plan to implement changes required by the listing rules of the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (“HKEX”).
As of September 30, 2023, there were no grantsoptions or restricted share units for ordinary shares outstanding under the 2018 Plan.
Upon the effectiveness of Amendment No. 2 to the 2016 Plan, on June 22, 2022, the 2018 Plan was terminated to the effect that no new equity awards shall be granted under the plan but the outstanding equity awards under the plan shall continue to vest and/or be exercisable in accordance with their terms.
2018 Employee Share Purchase Plan
In June 2018, the shareholders of the Company approved the 2018 Employee Share Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”). Initially, 3,500,000 ordinary shares of the Company were reserved for issuance under the ESPP. In December 2018, the board of directors of the Company approved an amended and restated ESPP to increase the number of shares authorized for issuance by 3,855,315 ordinary shares to 7,355,315 ordinary shares. In June 2019, the board of directors adopted an amendment to revise the eligibility criteria for enrollment in the plan. In June 2021, the board of directors of the Company adopted the third amended and restated ESPP to include certain technical amendments under U.S. tax rules and to consolidate the changes in the prior amendment, effective on September 1, 2021. The ESPP allows eligible employees and non-employees were made outsideto purchase the Company’s ordinary shares (including in the form of ADSs) at the end of each offering period, which will generally be six months, at a 15% discount to the market price of the Company’s 2011 Plan and 2016 Plan.

Generally, options have a contractual termADSs at the beginning or the end of 10 years and vest over a three-each offering period, whichever is lower, using funds deducted from their payroll during the offering period. Eligible employees are able to five-year period, withauthorize payroll deductions of up to 10% of their eligible earnings, subject to applicable limitations.

As of September 30, 2023, 1,941,075 ordinary shares were available for future issuance under the first tranche vesting one calendar year afterESPP.
The following tables summarizes the grantshares issued under the ESPP:
Market Price1
Purchase Price2
Issuance DateNumber of Ordinary Shares IssuedADSOrdinaryADSOrdinaryProceeds
August 31, 2023794,144 $207.55 $15.97 $176.42 $13.57 $10,777 
February 28, 2023930,582 $171.10 $13.16 $145.44 $11.19 $10,414 
August 31, 2022861,315 $171.66 $13.20 $145.91 $11.22 $9,667 
February 28, 2022667,160 $210.52 $16.19 $178.94 $13.76 $9,183 
1 The market price is the lower of the closing price on the Nasdaq Stock Market on the issuance date or the service relationship startoffering date, and the remainder of the awards vesting on a monthly basis thereafter. Restricted shares and restricted stock units vest over a four-year period,in accordance with the first tranche vesting one calendar year after the grant date or the service relationship start date and the remainder of the awards vesting on a yearly basis thereafter.

Modification

Upon the completion of the Company’s IPO on February 8, 2016, a consultant became a member of the Company’s board of directors. On April 1, 2017, another consultant became an employee of the Company. Under the terms of the original option agreements,ESPP.

2 The purchase price is the individuals retainprice which was discounted from the option grants on a changeapplicable market price, in status; hence, there is no modification to account for. The fair valueaccordance with the terms of the options granted by the Company to the consultants was re-measured as of

24


ESPP.

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February 8, 2016 and April 1, 2017, respectively. The compensation charges have been accounted for prospectively over the remaining vesting period. There were no other material modifications to the Company’s share option arrangements for all the periods presented.

The following table summarizes total share-based compensation expense recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 20172023 and 2016:

2022:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended 

 

Nine Months Ended 

 

Three Months EndedNine Months Ended

 

September 30, 

 

September 30, 

 

September 30,September 30,

    

2017

    

2016

    

2017

    

2016

    

2023202220232022

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$$$$

Research and development

 

10,382

 

2,135

 

19,660

 

5,178

 

Research and development44,150 36,417 124,126 104,382 

Selling, general and administrative

 

2,945

 

644

 

6,741

 

1,500

 

Selling, general and administrative51,969 41,759 150,710 120,654 

Total

 

13,327

 

2,779

 

26,401

 

6,678

 

Total96,119 78,176 274,836 225,036 

20.

14. Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)

Other Comprehensive Loss

The movement of accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)loss was as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Unrealized

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign Currency

 

Losses on

 

 

 

 

    

Translation

    

Available-for-Sale

    

 

 

 

    

Adjustments

    

Securities

    

Total

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2016

 

(847)

 

(99)

 

(946)

 

Other comprehensive income before reclassifications

 

926

 

68

 

994

 

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income

 

 —

 

(10)

 

(10)

 

Net-current period other comprehensive income

 

926

 

58

 

984

 

Balance as of September 30, 2017

 

79

 

(41)

 

38

 

  Unrealized 
 Foreign CurrencyGains/(Losses) onPension 
 TranslationAvailable-for-SaleLiability 
 AdjustmentsSecuritiesAdjustmentsTotal
 $$
Balance as of December 31, 2022(62,523)(9,011)(5,883)(77,417)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications(75,732)8,218 — (67,514)
Net-current period other comprehensive (loss) income(75,732)8,218 — (67,514)
Balance as of September 30, 2023(138,255)(793)(5,883)(144,931)

21. Noncontrolling interest

As

15. Shareholders’ Equity
BMS Settlement
On August 1, 2023, the Company entered into a Settlement and Termination Agreement (the “Settlement Agreement”) with BMS-Celgene and certain of September 30, 2017, a noncontrolling interest of $14,349 was recognized in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet, representing the capital cash contribution by GET in BeiGene Biologics in the nine months ended September 30, 2017, offset by comprehensive losses attributable to GET’s noncontrolling interest in BeiGene Biologics.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, net losses of $102 and $237, respectively, attributableits affiliates relating to the noncontrolling interest of BeiGene Biologics were recognized in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations, based on GET’s 5% equity interest in BeiGene Biologics.

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Reconciliation for the equity attributable to noncontrolling interests for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 is as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    

BeiGene, Ltd.

    

Non-controlling

    

 

 

 

 Shareholders’ Equity

 

Interest

 

Total Equity

 

 

$

 

$

 

$

Balance as of January 1, 2017

 

352,907

 

 —

 

352,907

Net income/(loss)

 

6,218

 

(237)

 

5,981

Issuance of ordinary shares in secondary follow-on offering, net of transaction costs

 

188,517

 

 —

 

188,517

Equity purchase by Celgene, net of transaction costs

 

149,928

 

 —

 

149,928

Discount on the sale of ordinary shares to Celgene

 

23,606

 

 —

 

23,606

Contributions from shareholders

 

 

14,527

 

14,527

Share-based compensation

 

26,401

 

 —

 

26,401

Exercise of options

 

1,579

 

 —

 

1,579

Other comprehensive income, net of tax of nil:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency translation adjustments

 

926

 

59

 

985

Unrealized holding gain, net

 

58

 

 —

 

58

Other comprehensive income, net of tax of nil

 

984

 

59

 

1,043

Balance as of September 30, 2017

 

750,140

 

14,349

 

764,489

22. Shareholders’ equity

Initial public offering

On February 8, 2016, the Company completed its IPO on the NASDAQ Global Select Market. 6,600,000 ADSs representing 85,800,000 ordinary shares were sold at $24.00 per ADS, or $1.85 per ordinary share (the “IPO Price”). Additionally, the underwriters exercised their options to purchase an additional 990,000 ADSs representing 12,870,000 ordinary shares from the Company. Net proceeds from the IPO including underwriter option after deducting underwriting discounts and offering expenses were $166,197.

Follow-on public offerings

On November 23, 2016, the Company completed a follow-on public offering at a price of $32.00 per ADS, or $2.46 per ordinary share. In this offering, the Company sold 5,781,250 ADSs representing 75,156,250 ordinary shares. Additionally, the underwriters exercised their option to purchase an additional 850,000 ADSs representing 11,050,000 ordinary shares from the Company. The selling shareholders sold 468,750 ADSs representing 6,093,750 ordinary shares. Net proceeds from this offering including underwriter option after deducting the underwriting discounts and offering expenses were $198,625. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the saletermination of the shares byparties’ ongoing contractual relationships, the selling shareholders.

On August 16, 2017,previously-disclosed ongoing arbitration proceeding concerning ABRAXANE® (the “Arbitration”), the Company completed a follow-on public offering at a price of $71.00 per ADS, or $5.46 per ordinary share. In this offering,License and Supply Agreement (“LSA”), the Company sold 2,465,000 ADS representing 32,045,000 ordinary shares. Additionally, the underwriters exercised their option to purchase an additional 369,750 ADSs representing 4,806,750 ordinary shares from the Company. Net proceeds from this offering including underwriter option after deducting the underwriting discountsAmended and offering expenses were $188,517.

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Share SubscriptionRestated Quality Agreement

On August 31, 2017, the Company sold 32,746,416 of its ordinary shares to Celgene Switzerland for an aggregate cash price of $150,000, or $4.58 per ordinary share, or $59.55 per ADS, pursuant to (the “QA”), and the Share Subscription Agreement (the “SSA”), entered into by the parties in connection with the entry into the A&R PD-1 License Agreement. Proceeds from the issuance are recorded net of $72 of fees related2017 and 2018. Pursuant to the share issuance. The offerSettlement Agreement, the parties agreed to mutually dismiss the Arbitration and sale of the shares issued pursuantBMS-Celgene and its affiliates agreed to the Share Subscription Agreement was made in a private placement in reliance upon the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act, for transactions by an issuer not involving a public offering, and/or Regulation D under the Securities Act. All certificates evidencing the shares will bear a standard restrictive legend under the Securities Act.

Conversion of Preferred Shares and Senior Promissory Note

Upon completion of the IPO in 2016, all outstanding Preferred Shares were converted into 199,990,641 ordinary shares and the related carrying value of $176,084 was reclassified from mezzanine equity to shareholders’ equity. The outstanding unpaid principal and interest of the Senior Promissory Note were converted into 7,942,314 ordinary shares, computed at the initial public offering price of $1.85 per ordinary share and the related carrying value of $14,693 was reclassified from current liability to shareholders’ equity in 2016.

Exercise of warrants and option

In January 2016 and February 2016, certain warrants in connection with the convertible promissory notes and short term notes were exercised to purchase 621,637 Preferred Shares, which were converted into 621,637 ordinary shares. On the IPO closing date, (i) the Company’s landlord exercised its option to purchase 1,451,586transfer 23,273,108 ordinary shares of the Company; (ii) Baker Bros. exercised their warrantsCompany originally purchased in 2017, in each case subject to purchase 2,592,593 ordinary shares at an exercise price of $0.68 per share; and (iii) a senior executive exercised warrants to purchase 57,777 Preferred Shares at an exercise price of $0.68 per share, which were converted into 57,777 ordinary shares. Uponin accordance with the exerciseterms and conditions of the aforementioned optionSettlement Agreement. In consideration for the shares being returned, the Company agreed to drop its claims pursuant to the Settlement Agreement. Furthermore, the parties agreed to terminate the LSA and warrants, exceptQA on December 31, 2023, subject to the Company’s right to continue selling all inventory of REVLIMID and VIDAZA until sold out or December 31, 2024, whichever is earlier. The Settlement Agreement provides for Baker Bros.’ warrants,a settlement and release by each party of claims arising from or relating to the Arbitration, the LSA, the QA and the SSA, as well as other disputes and potential disputes between the parties, in each case subject to and in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Agreement. The receipt of the shares occurred on August 15, 2023. The Company recorded a noncash gain upon receipt of $362,917, which represents the fair value on the day the shares were initially classifiedreceived. The gain was recorded within other income (expense), net in equity, the related carrying value totaling $3,687 was reclassifiedconsolidated statements of operations. The shares were constructively retired as of September 30, 2023. The Company recorded the amount of the cancelled shares in excess of par to additional paid-in capital.

16. Restricted Net Assets
The Company’s ability to pay dividends may depend on the Company receiving distributions of funds from current liabilitiesits PRC subsidiaries. Relevant PRC statutory laws and regulations permit payments of dividends by the Company’s PRC subsidiaries only out of the subsidiary's retained earnings, if any, as determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. The results of operations reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP differ from those reflected in the statutory financial statements of the Company’s PRC subsidiaries.
In accordance with the company law of the PRC, a domestic enterprise is required to shareholders’ equityprovide statutory reserves of at least 10% of its annual after-tax profit until such reserve has reached 50% of its respective registered capital based on the enterprise’s PRC statutory accounts. A domestic enterprise is also required to provide discretionary surplus reserve, at the discretion of the board of directors, from the profits determined in 2016.

23. Restricted net assets

accordance with the enterprise’s PRC statutory accounts. The aforementioned

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reserves can only be used for specific purposes and are not distributable as cash dividends. The Company’s PRC subsidiaries were established as domestic enterprises and therefore are subject to the above-mentioned restrictions on distributable profits.
As a result of these PRC laws and regulations, including the requirement to make annual appropriations of at least 10% of after-tax income and set aside as general reserve fund prior to payment of dividends, the Company’s PRC subsidiaries are restricted in their ability to transfer a portion of their net assets to the Company.
Foreign exchange and other regulations in the PRC may further restrict the Company's PRC subsidiaries from transferring funds to the Company in the form of dividends, loans and advances. As of September 30, 20172023 and December 31, 2016, amounts restricted were2022, the net assets of the Company’s PRC subsidiaries which amounted to $25,037$3,825,964 and $9,955,$3,548,881, respectively.

24.

17. Commitments and contingencies

Operating lease commitments

The Company leases office and manufacturing facilities under non-cancelable operating leases expiring on different dates in the United States and China. Payments under operating leases are expensed on a straight-line basis over the periods of their respective leases. There are no restrictions placed upon the Company by entering into these leases. Total expenses under these operating leases were $1,065 and $2,486 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively. Total expenses under these operating leases were $748 and $1,373 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively.

Contingencies

27

Purchase Commitments

Table of Contents

Future minimum payments under non-cancelable operating leases consist of the following asAs of September 30, 2017:

2023, the Company had non-cancellable purchase commitments amounting to $131,693, of which $41,186 related to minimum purchase requirements for supply purchased from contract manufacturing organizations and $90,507 related to binding purchase obligations of inventory from BMS and Amgen. The Company does not have any minimum purchase requirements for inventory from BMS or Amgen.

$

Three months ending December 31, 2017

1,676

Year ending December 31, 2018

5,691

Year ending December 31, 2019

5,338

Year ending December 31, 2020

4,118

Year ending December 31, 2021

2,565

Year ending December 31, 2022 and thereafter

3,693

Total

23,081

Capital commitments

Commitments

The Company had capital commitments amounting to $36,149$442,562 for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment as of September 30, 2017,2023, which were mainly for BeiGenethe Company’s Hopewell facility, additional capacity at the Guangzhou Factory’sand Suzhou manufacturing facilityfacilities, and new building for Beijing Innerway Bio-tech Co., Ltd.
Co-Development Funding Commitment
Under the Amgen Collaboration Agreement, the Company is responsible for co-funding global development costs for the Amgen oncology pipeline assets up to a total cap of $1,250,000. The Company is funding its portion of the co-development costs by contributing cash and development services. As of September 30, 2023, the Company's remaining co-development funding commitment was $517,544.
Research and Development Commitment
The Company entered into a long-term research and development agreement in Guangzhou, China.

June 2021, which includes obligations to make an upfront payment and fixed quarterly payments over the next three years. As of September 30, 2023, the total research and development commitment amounted to $16,498.

28

Funding Commitment

The Company had committed capital related to two equity method investments in the amount of $15,053. As of September 30, 2023, the remaining capital commitment was $10,553 and is expected to be paid from time to time over the investment period.
18. Segment and Geographic Information
The Company operates in one segment: pharmaceutical products. Its chief operating decision maker is the Chief Executive Officer, who makes operating decisions, assesses performance and allocates resources on a consolidated basis.
The Company’s long-lived assets are primarily located in the PRC and the U.S.
Net product revenues by geographic area are based upon the location of the customer, and net collaboration revenue is recorded in the jurisdiction in which the related income is expected to be sourced from.
Total revenues by geographic area are presented as follows:

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 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30,September 30,
 2023202220232022
 $$$$
United States- total revenue398,229 133,431 815,059 347,180 
Product revenue270,084 108,104 632,391 264,373 
Collaboration revenue128,145 25,327 182,668 82,807 
China- total revenue287,935 233,077 831,399 636,241 
Product revenue284,981 233,077 825,809 636,241 
Collaboration revenue2,954 — 5,590 — 
Europe- total revenue85,583 17,995 153,273 46,634 
Product revenue30,664 5,200 76,487 9,205 
Collaboration revenue54,919 12,795 76,786 37,429 
Rest of world- product revenue9,561 3,125 24,639 5,771 
Total Revenue781,308 387,628 1,824,370 1,035,826 



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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited) and related notes included in the section of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or this Quarterly Report,(this “Quarterly Report”), titled “Item 1—“Part I – Item 1 – Financial Statements.” This Quarterly Report contains forward-looking statements thatthat involve substantial risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements are based on management’s beliefscurrent expectations and assumptionsprojections about future events and on information currently available to management. trends that may affect the business, financial condition, and operating results. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Quarterly Report are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-lookingForward-looking statements by the following words:often include words such as “aim,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “goal,” “intend,” “may,” “ongoing,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “seek,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would,” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words.expressions. These forward-looking statements, include, but are not limited to, statements regarding: our ability to successfully commercialize our approved medicines and to obtain approvals in additional indications and territories for our medicines; our ability to successfully develop and commercialize our in-licensed medicines and drug candidates and any other medicines and drug candidates we may in-license; our ability to further develop sales and marketing capabilities and launch and commercialize new medicines, if approved; our ability to maintain and expand regulatory approvals for our medicines and drug candidates, if approved; the pricing and reimbursement of our medicines and drug candidates, if approved; the initiation, timing, progress and results of our preclinical studies and clinical trials and our research and development programs; our ability to advance our drug candidates into, and successfully complete, clinical trials; the ability of our drug candidates to be granted or to maintain Category 1 designation with the China Foodtrials and Drug Administration, or CFDA;obtain regulatory approvals; our reliance on the success of our clinical-stageclinical stage drug candidates BGB-3111, BGB-A317, BGB-290candidates; our plans, expected milestones and BGB‑283 and certain other drug candidates, as monotherapies and in combination with our internally discovered drug candidates and third-party agents; the timing or likelihood of regulatory filings and approvals; the commercialization of our approved cancer therapies licensed from Celgene in China; our ability to develop and effectively maintain sales and marketing capabilities; the pricing and reimbursement of our drug candidates, if approved, and drugs; the implementation of our business model, strategic plans for our business, medicines, drug candidates and technology; the scope of protection we (or our licensors) are able to establish and maintain for intellectual property rights covering our medicines, drug candidates and technology; our ability to operate our business without infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating the intellectual property rights and proprietary technology of third parties; costcosts associated with enforcing or defending against intellectual property infringement, misappropriation or violation, product liability and other claims; the regulatory environment and regulatory developments in the United States, China, the United Kingdom (“UK”), Switzerland, the European Union (“EU”) and other jurisdictions;jurisdictions in which we operate; the accuracy of our estimates regarding expenses, future revenues, capital requirements and our need for additional financing; the potential benefits of strategic collaboration and licensing agreements and our ability to enter into strategic arrangements; our plans and expectations to build significant technical operations and independent production capabilities for small molecule medicines and large molecule biologics to support the global demand for both commercial and clinical supply; our reliance on third parties to conduct drug development, manufacturing and other services; our ability to maintainmanufacture and establish collaborationssupply, or obtain additional funding;have manufactured and supplied, drug candidates for clinical development and medicines for commercial sale; the rate and degree of market access and acceptance of our medicines and drug candidates, and drugs;if approved; developments relating to our competitors and our industry, including competing therapies; the size of the potential markets for our medicines and drug candidates and drugs and our ability to serve those markets; our ability to effectively manage our anticipated growth; our ability to attract and retain qualified employees and key personnel; statements regarding future revenue, hiring plans, key milestones, expenses, capital expenditures, capital requirements and share performance; and the future trading price of our ADSs, ordinary shares and RMB Shares, and impact of securities analysts’ reports on these prices; and otherprices. These statements involve risks and uncertainties, including those listed underthat are described in “Part II—II – Item 1A—1A – Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report. These statements involve risks, uncertainties and other factorsReport, that may cause actual future events or results levels of activity, performance or achievements to bediffer materially different from the information expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.those expected. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations include, among other things, those described in “Part II—Item 1A—Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements for any reason, even if new information becomes available in the future. This Quarterly Report includes statistical and other industry and market data that we obtained from industry publications and research, surveys and studies conducted by third parties. Industry publications and third-party research, surveys and studies generally indicate that their information has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, although they do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. While we believe these industry publications and third-party research, surveys and studies are reliable, you are cautioned not to give undue weight to this information. Unless the context requires otherwise, in this Quarterly Report, the terms “BeiGene,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to BeiGene, Ltd., a Cayman Islands holding company with operations conducted by its subsidiaries, and its subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis.

Overview

We delivered another strong quarter across our global portfolio, driven by the ongoing successful launch of BRUKINSA® , where we continue to see rapid uptake across all approved indications, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
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We have regained the rights to TEVIMBRA® worldwide, which is now approved in the EU and under regulatory review in 10 additional markets. We are now better positioned than ever before to execute on our global growth strategy while steadily improving operating leverage with moderate expense growth.
Key highlights for the third quarter of 2023 are as follows:
Generated global sales of BRUKINSA of $357.7 million, an increase of 130.0% compared with the prior-year period, as global launch momentum continues across multiple indications, including CLL;
Received a globally focused, commercial-stage biopharmaceutical company dedicated to becoming a leader inpositive opinion from the discovery, developmentEuropean Committee for Health and commercializationMedicinal Products (CHMP) of innovative, molecularly targeted and immuno-oncology drugsthe European Medicines Agency for BRUKINSA for the treatment of cancer. We believeadult patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) follicular lymphoma (FL) who have received at least two prior systematic treatments;
Received positive guidance from the next generationNational Institute for Health and Care Excellence for reimbursement of BRUKINSA on the National Health Service in England and Wales for the treatment of adult patients with R/R CLL;

Regained global rights to the development, manufacture and commercialization of TEVIMBRA, strengthening the Company’s global portfolio in solid tumors;

Announced European Commission (EC) approval of TEVIMBRA as monotherapy for the treatment of adult patients with unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic ESCC after prior platinum-based chemotherapy; and

Announced U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) acceptance for review of a Biologics License Application (BLA) for tislelizumab as a first-line treatment for patients with unresectable, recurrent, locally advanced, or metastatic ESCC with a target action date in July 2024, under the Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA).
Recent Developments
Recent Business Developments
On October 20, 2023, we announced that the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence of the UK issued a final draft guidance recommending BRUKINSA (zanubrutinib) for the treatment of eligible adult patients with: untreated CLL if there is a 17p deletion or TP53 mutation (high risk) or untreated CLL without a 17p deletion or TP53 mutation, and fludarabine-cyclophosphamide-rituximab or bendamustine plus rituximab is unsuitable and relapsed or refractory CLL.

On October 17, 2023, we announced results from the final analysis of the Phase 3 RATIONALE 305 trial showing tislelizumab plus chemotherapy significantly improved overall survival in the intent-to-treat population as a first-line treatment for patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.

On October 17, 2023, we announced that the Phase 3 RATIONALE 315 trial met primary endpoints of major pathological response rate and event-free survival for tislelizumab plus chemotherapy in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer treatment will utilize therapeutics both as monotherapies and(“NSCLC”).

On October 13, 2023, we announced that the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use of the European Medicines Agency issued a positive opinion recommending approval of BRUKINSA (zanubrutinib), in combination to attack multiple underlying mechanismswith obinutuzumab for the treatment of cancer cell growth and survival. We further believe that discovery of next-generation cancer therapies requires new research tools. To that end, we have developed a proprietary cancer biology platform that addresses the importance of tumor-immune system interactions and the value of primary biopsies in developing new models to support our drug discovery effort.

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Our strategy is to develop a pipeline of drug candidates that will have the potential to be best-in-class monotherapies and also be important components of multiple-agent combination regimens. Over the last seven years, using our cancer biology platform, we have developed clinical-stage drug candidates that inhibit the important oncology targets Bruton’s tyrosine kinase, or BTK, RAF dimer protein complex and PARP family of proteins, and an immuno-oncology agent that inhibits the immune checkpoint protein receptor PD-1. For each of our molecularly targeted drug candidates, we have established proof-of-concept by observing objective responses in defined patient populations. Globally outside of China, our BTK inhibitor is currently in three registrational trials in the United States, Europe, Australia and other countries. Our PD-1, PARP and RAF dimer inhibitors are currently in the dose-expansion phases of their respective clinical trials. In China, our BTK inhibitor is in three registrational trials and our PD-1 inhibitor is in two registrational trials. Recently, we completed enrollment to the pivotal trial of BGB-3111 in Chineseadult patients with relapsed/relapsed or refractory mantle cellfollicular lymphoma andwho have received at least two prior lines of systemic therapy.


On September 19, 2023, we announced that the pivotal trialEuropean Commission approved TEVIMBRA (tislelizumab) as monotherapy for the treatment of BGB-A317 in Chineseadult patients with relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma. As of August 23, 2017, trials of our four clinical-stage drug candidates, as monotherapies and in combination, have enrolled a total of over 1,500 patients and healthy adults. We have Investigational New Drug,unresectable, locally advanced or IND, applications in effect for our BTK, PD‑1 and PARP inhibitors withmetastatic ESCC after prior platinum-based chemotherapy. Additionally, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration accepted for review a Biologics License Application for tislelizumab as a first-line treatment for patients with unresectable, recurrent, locally advanced, or FDA, and all four of our drug candidates are in clinical testing in China. We believemetastatic ESCC.

On September 19, 2023, we announced that each of our clinical-stage drug candidates is the first in its respective class being developed in China under the Category 1.1 domestic regulatory pathway to enter into human testing and to present clinical data. In addition to our clinical-stage drug candidates, we have a robust pipeline of preclinical programs and are planning to advance one or more of these programs into clinical testing in the next 12 months.

Since our inception on October 28, 2010, our operations have focused on organizing and staffing our company, establishing our intellectual property portfolio and conducting preclinical studies and clinical trials, building manufacturing capabilities, business planning and raising capital. Since September 2017, we market ABRAXANE® (nanoparticle albumin–bound paclitaxel), REVLIMID® (lenalidomide), and are preparing to market VIDAZA® (azaciditine) in China excluding Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan under a license from Celgene. We have primarily financed operations through a combination of public and private equity and debt financings and public and private grants and contracts, including the net proceeds from our initial public offering and follow-on public offerings, the net proceeds from the issuance of a senior note and convertible promissory note to Merck Sharp & Dohme Research GmbH, or MSD, an affiliate of Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.; the private placements of our Series A preferred shares and Series A-2 preferred shares; our collaborations with Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany; and our collaboration and share subscription agreements with Celgene. On February 8, 2016, we completed our initial public offering and received net proceeds of $166.2 million after deducting underwriter discounts and offering expenses. On November 23, 2016 and August 16, 2017, we completed follow-on public offerings and raised net proceeds of $198.6 million and $188.5 million, respectively, after deducting underwriting discounts and offering expenses. On April 14, 2017, BeiGene Biologics received a cash capital contribution of RMB100 million from GET, and also drew down the Shareholder Loan of RMB900 million from GET for the construction and operation of a biologics manufacturing facility in Guangzhou, China and research and development and clinical trials to be carried out by BeiGene Biologics. On August 31, 2017, we entered into a license agreement with Celgene for our PD-1 inhibitor drug candidate, BGB-A317, under which Celgene agreed to pay us $263 million in up-front license fees,Mutual Termination and a share subscription agreement under which Celgene purchased $150 million of our ordinary shares. Although it is difficult to predict our liquidity requirements, based upon our current operating plans, we believe we have sufficient cash to meet our projected operating requirements for at least the next 12 months after the date that the financial statements in this report are issued. See “—Liquidity and Capital Resources.”

Since inception we have incurred significant net operating losses. However, for the three months ended September 30, 2017, we earned a profit as a result of the upfront fees allocable to the licensing of rights to BGB-A317 to Celgene. Our net income was $117.3 million and $6.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively. Our net losses were $35.5 million and $81.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively. As of September 30, 2017, we had an accumulated deficit of $231.2 million. During the three months ended September 30, 2017, we generated revenue from product sales and under our collaboration agreement with Celgene, and in the future, we may generate revenue from product sales, collaboration agreements, strategic alliances and licensing arrangements, or a combination of these. Substantially all of our losses have resulted from funding our research and development programs, selling costs, licensing and acquisitions and general and administrative costs associated with our operations. We expect to continue to incur significant expenses and operating losses for the

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foreseeable future. We anticipate that our expenses will increase significantly in connection with our ongoing activities, as we:

·

continue preclinical and clinical development of our programs, including our ongoing and planned registrational trials for BGB-3111, BGB-A317 and BGB-290;

·

support potential regulatory filings and registration of our late-stage drug candidates;

·

continue investment in our cancer biology platform;

·

continue investment in our manufacturing facilities;

·

establish and expand our commercial operations;

·

hire additional research, development and business personnel;

·

support strategic investments and business development activities, including the potential acquisition or licensing of additional technologies, assets or businesses;

·

maintain, expand and protect our intellectual property portfolio; and

·

incur additional costs associated with supporting our growing organization.

We expect that the revenue we generate from product sales and collaboration agreements will fluctuate from quarter to quarter and year to year, primarily as a result of the timing and amount of license fees, milestones, reimbursement of costs incurred and other payments, and sales of third-party products and sales of internally developed products, to the extent any are successfully commercialized. If we fail to complete the development of our drug candidates in a timely manner or obtain regulatory approval of them, our ability to generate future revenue, and our results of operations and financial position, would be materially adversely affected.

Cash used in operations were $81.0 million and $63.4 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. As of September 30, 2017, we had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $757.4 million, compared with $368.2 million as of December 31, 2016. As of September 30, 2017, our cash and cash equivalents included approximately $91.6 million of cash held by BeiGene Biologics to build a commercial biologics facility in Guangzhou, China and to fund research and development of biologics drug candidates in China.

Recent Developments

On August 31, 2017, we announced the closing of our strategic collaboration with Celgene that the parties previously announced on July 5, 2017, as further described below.

Exclusive License and Collaboration Agreement

On July 5, 2017, we entered into an Exclusive License and Collaboration Agreement (the “PD-1 License Agreement”) with Celgene and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Celgene Switzerland LLC (“Celgene Switzerland”), pursuant to which we granted to the Celgene parties an exclusive right to develop and commercialize our investigational anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (“PD-1”) inhibitor, BGB-A317, in all fields of treatment, other than hematology, in the United States, Europe, Japan and the rest of world other than Asia. On August 31, 2017, we, Celgene and Celgene Switzerland amended and restated the PD-1 License Agreement (such agreement, the “A&R PD-1 License Agreement”) to, among other things, clarify the parties’ responsibilities relating to the conducting and funding of certain global registration clinical trials and clarify the scope of the regulatory materials transferred by us to Celgene.

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Concurrent with the closing of the other transactions with Celgene and its affiliates, and following the expiration or termination of applicable waiting periods under all applicable antitrust laws, the A&R PD-1 License Agreement became effective as of August 31, 2017 (the “Effective Date”). Celgene is required to pay us $263.0 million in upfront license fees after the effectiveness of the A&R PD-1 License Agreement, $92.0 million of which has been paid to us as of September 30, 2017. The remaining $171.0 million is due on December 1, 2017.

Celgene China Agreements

On the Effective Date, a wholly-owned subsidiary of ours, BeiGene HK, acquired 100% of the equity interests of Celgene Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (“Celgene Shanghai”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Celgene Holdings East Corporation established under the laws of China. Celgene Shanghai is in the business of, among other things, providing marketing and promotional services in connection with certain pharmaceutical products manufactured by its affiliates. Prior to the Effective Date, Celgene Shanghai separated certain business functions, including regulatory and drug safety, that will continue to support the business acquired by us. In addition, the name of Celgene Shanghai has been changed to BeiGene Pharmaceutical (Shanghai).

On July 5, 2017, we and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Celgene, Celgene Logistics Sàrl (“Celgene Logistics”), entered into a License and Supply Agreement (the “China License Agreement”), pursuant to which we have been granted the right to exclusively distribute and promote Celgene’s approved cancer therapies, ABRAXANE®, REVLIMID®, and VIDAZA®, and Celgene’s investigational agent CC-122 in clinical development, in China excluding Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan. The China License Agreement became effective as of the Effective Date concurrent with the closing of our acquisition of Celgene Shanghai.

Share Subscription Agreement

On the Effective Date, we closed the sale of 32,746,416 of our ordinary shares to Celgene Switzerland for an aggregate cash price of $150.0 million, or $4.58 per ordinary share, or $59.55 per American Depositary Share, pursuant to the Share Subscription Agreement. The offer and sale of the shares issued pursuant to the Share Subscription Agreement was made in a private placement in reliance upon the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act, for transactions by an issuer not involving a public offering, and/or Regulation D under the Securities Act. All certificates evidencing the shares bear a standard restrictive legend under the Securities Act.

The transactions described above were previously disclosed by us in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on August 31, 2017.

Components of Operating Results

Revenue

To date, our revenue has consisted of in-licensed product sales revenue, upfront license fees, reimbursed research and development expenses and milestone payments from our strategic collaboration with Celgene and collaboration agreements with Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany on BGB-283 and BGB-290. We do not expect to generate significant revenue from internally developed product candidates unless and until we successfully complete development and obtain regulatory approval for one or more of our product candidates, which we expect will take a number of years and is subject to significant uncertainty.

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Strategic Collaboration with Celgene

As described in “—Recent Developments” above, we entered into the A&R PD-1 LicenseRelease Agreement with Celgene and Celgene Switzerland, and the China License Agreement with Celgene Logistics. We recognized revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

Three and Nine Months Ended

September 30, 2017

 

 

(in thousands)

Product revenue, net

$

8,822

License revenue

 

211,391

Total

$

220,213

Revenues from product sales are recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred and title of the product and associated risk of loss has transferredNovartis to the customer, the price is fixed or determinable, collection from the customer has been reasonably assured, all performance obligations have been met, and returns and allowances can be reasonably estimated. Product sales are recorded net of estimated rebates, estimated product returns and other deductions. Provisions for estimated reductions to revenue are provided for in the same period the related sales are recorded and are based on the sales terms, historical experience and trend analysis.

Product revenue was $8.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, which related to our distribution and promotion of ABRAXANE® and REVLIMID® in China. We began recognizing product revenue with sales to our distributors in China, beginning in September 2017 following the closing of our strategic collaboration with Celgene. Product revenue is net of accrual for rebates and returns, which totaled $1.7 million as of September 30, 2017. We had no product revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2016.

We are accounting for the A&R PD-1 License Agreement with Celgene under ASC 605, Revenue Recognition (“ASC 605”), and identified the following deliverables of the collaboration agreement with stand-alone value, which are accounted for as separate units of accounting:  (a) the license provided to Celgene for the exclusive right to develop and commercialize BGB-A317, in all fields of treatment, other than hematology, in the United States, Europe, Japan and the rest of world other than Asia (“the license”); and (b) the research and development services provided to Celgene to develop BGB-A317 within specified indications (“R&D services”). For each deliverable, we determined the best estimated selling price (“BESP”) and allocated the non-contingent consideration allocated to the A&R PD-1 License Agreement of $250.0 million to the units of accounting using the relative selling price method. The consideration allocated to the license, $211.4 million was recognized upon transfer of the license to Celgene at contract inception and the consideration allocated to the R&D services will be recognized over the term of the respective clinical studies for the specified indications.

For the potential future payments associated with the defined developmental, regulatory, and commercialization goals, we determined that upon achievement of the developmental, regulatory, and commercialization goals, such payments will be allocated to the separate deliverables using the initial allocation based on the relative selling price method.  Further, sales-based milestones and royalty payments will be recognized when reported sales are reliably measurable and collectability is reasonably assured.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company recognized $211.4 million as license revenue within collaboration revenue in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.  The consideration allocated to the R&D services, $38.6 million, is recorded as deferred revenue in the September 30, 2017 balance sheet and will be recognized over the term of the respective clinical studies for the specified indications.

Collaboration with Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany

On May 24, 2013, we entered into license agreements with Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany on BGB‑283, which we amended and restated on December 10, 2013, and further amended on October 1, 2015 and December 3, 2015. In the latest amendment, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany granted us an exclusive license under certain of its intellectual

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propertyregain worldwide rights to develop, manufacture, and commercialize the RAF dimer inhibitor in The People’s Republic of China, which we refer to as the PRC Territory, subject to certain non-compete restrictions. In March 2017, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany informed us that it would not exercise a continuation option in the ex-PRC Territory, and thus, the ex-PRC BRAF Agreement has terminated in its entirety, except for certain provisions that survive termination. Under these agreements, we received $13.0 million in non-refundable payments in 2013 following their execution, $5.0 million in milestone payments in 2014 and $4.0 million in milestone payments in 2015. We are eligible to receive $14.0 million in payments upon the successful achievement of pre-specified clinical milestones in the PRC Territory. In consideration for the licenses Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany granted to us, we are required to pay Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany a high single-digit royalty on aggregate net sales of licensed BRAF inhibitors in the PRC Territory.

On October 28, 2013, we entered into license agreements with Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany on BGB-290, pursuant to which (1) we granted to Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany an exclusive license under certain of our intellectual property rights to develop and manufacture, and, if Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany exercises a certain continuation option, to commercialize and manufacture our compound BGB-290 and any other compound covered by the same existing patent rights with primary activity to inhibit PARP 1, 2 or 3 enzymes in the Ex-PRC Territory, and (2) Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany granted us an exclusive license under certain of its intellectual property rights to develop, manufacture and commercialize the licensed PARP inhibitors in the PRC Territory. Under these license agreements, we received $6 million in non-refundable payments in November 2013 following their execution and $9.0 million in milestone payments in 2014. We were eligible to receive up to $7.0 million and $2.5 million, in payments upon the successful achievement of pre-specified clinical and regulatory milestones in the PRC Territory, respectively. On October 1, 2015, pursuant to a purchase of rights agreement, we repurchased all of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany’s worldwide rights under the ex-PRC license agreement, in consideration for, among other things, a one-time payment of $10.0 million and reduction of future milestone payments that we are eligible to receive under the PRC license agreement. In connection with such repurchase, the ex-PRC license agreement terminated except for certain provisions therein. The remaining $3.0 million of deferred revenue related to PARP as of October 1, 2015 was netted against the $10.0 million repurchase consideration. In consideration for the licenses granted to us, we are required to pay Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany a high single-digit royalty percentage on aggregate net sales of licensed products in the PRC Territory. In addition, if Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany exercises its PRC commercialization option under certain specified conditions, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany is required to pay us a $50.0 million non-refundable payment upon such exercise, and we are eligible for a $12.5 million milestone payment upon the successful achievement of a certain additional regulatory event in the PRC Territory as well as royalties on any product sales.

We recognized no collaboration revenue from the Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany collaboration for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, and $1.4 million and $4.1 million of collaboration revenue from this collaboration for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively. The following table summarizes the revenue recognition schedule of an aggregate of $34.0 million in revenue from our collaboration agreements with Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany, comprised of an aggregate of $22.0 million related to BGB-283 and $12.0 million related to BGB-290. The revenue consists of an upfront non-refundable license fee, Phase 1 research and development fees, and a development based target payment related to the collaborative arrangements for BRAF, excluding the $3.0 million in deferred revenue that was netted against the $10.0 million repurchase consideration relating to the PARP inhibitors under the ex-PRC license agreement. In accordance with our revenue recognition policy, we have recognized these amounts as shown in the table below:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    

BGB-283

    

BGB-290

    

Total

 

 

(in thousands)

2013

 

$

8,317

 

$

2,823

 

$

11,140

2014

 

 

5,906

 

 

7,048

 

 

12,954

2015

 

 

6,707

 

 

2,109

 

 

8,816

2016

 

 

1,070

 

 

 —

 

 

1,070

Total

 

$

22,000

 

$

11,980

 

$

33,980

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, our revenue was generated from sales of our in-licensed drugs in China and from our collaboration agreement with Celgene. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, substantially all of our revenue was generated solely from our collaboration agreements with Merck KGaA,

TEVIMBRA.


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Darmstadt Germany. For the next several years, we expect our revenue will be generated from product revenue from sales of in-licensed drugs in China, potential future milestones under our collaboration agreements with Celgene and Celgene Switzerland, and with Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany, if any, and any other strategic relationships we may enter into. If our development efforts are successful and we receive regulatory approval, we may also generate revenue from product sales of our internally developed drug candidates.

Operating Expenses

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses consist of the costs associated with our research and development activities, conducting preclinical studies and clinical trials and activities related to regulatory filings. Our research and development expenses consist of:

·

employee-related expenses, including salaries, benefits, travel and share-based compensation expense for research and development personnel;

·

expenses incurred under agreements with contract research organizations, or CROs, contract manufacturing organizations, and consultants that conduct and support clinical trials and preclinical studies;

·

costs of comparator drugs in certain of our clinical trials;

·

costs associated with preclinical activities and development activities;

·

costs associated with regulatory operations; and

·

other expenses, which include direct and allocated expenses for rent and maintenance of facilities, insurance and other supplies used in research and development activities.

Our current research and development activities mainly relate to the clinical development of the following programs:

·

BGB‑3111, a potent and highly selective small molecule inhibitor of BTK;

·

BGB-A317, a humanized monoclonal antibody against PD‑1;

·

BGB‑290, a potent and highly selective inhibitor of PARP1 and PARP2; and

·

BGB‑283, a small molecule inhibitor of both the monomer and dimer forms of BRAF.

We expense research and development costs when we incur them. We record costs for some development activities, such as clinical trials, based on an evaluation of the progress to completion of specific tasks using data such as subject enrollment, clinical site activations or information our vendors provide to us. We do not allocate employee-related costs, depreciation, rental and other indirect costs to specific research and development programs because these costs are deployed across multiple product programs under research and development and, as such, are separately classified as unallocated research and development expenses.

At this time, it is difficult to estimate or know, for certain, the nature, timing and estimated costs of the efforts that will be necessary to complete the development of our drug candidates. We are also unable to predict when, if ever, material net cash inflows will commence from sales of our drug candidates. This is due to the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with developing such drug candidates, including the uncertainty of:

·

successful enrollment in and completion of clinical trials;

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·

establishing an appropriate safety profile;

·

establishing commercial manufacturing capabilities or making arrangements with third-party manufacturers;

·

receipt of marketing approvals from applicable regulatory authorities;

·

commercializing our drug candidates, if and when approved, whether as monotherapies or in combination with our internally discovered drug candidates or third-party products;

·

obtaining and maintaining patent and trade secret protection and regulatory exclusivity for our drug candidates;

·

continued acceptable safety profiles of the products following approval; and

·

retention of key personnel.

A change in the outcome of any of these variables with respect to the development of any of our drug candidates could significantly change the costs, timing and viability associated with the development of that drug candidate.

Research and development activities are central to our business model. We expect research and development costs to increase significantly for the foreseeable future as our development programs progress, including as we continue to support the clinical trials of BGB‑3111, BGB-A317, BGB‑290 and BGB‑283 as a treatment for various cancers and move these drug candidates into additional clinical trials, including registrational trials. There are numerous factors associated with the successful commercialization of any of our drug candidates, including future trial design and various regulatory requirements, many of which cannot be determined with accuracy at this time based on our stage of development. Additionally, future commercial and regulatory factors beyond our control will impact our clinical development programs and plans.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of product promotion costs, distribution costs, salaries and related benefit costs, including share-based compensation for selling, general and administrative personnel. Other selling, general and administrative expenses include professional fees for legal, consulting, auditing and tax services as well as other direct and allocated expenses for rent and maintenance of facilities, travel costs, insurance and other supplies used in selling, general and administrative activities. We anticipate that our selling, general and administrative expenses will increase in future periods to support increases in commercialization activities, with respect to ABRAXANE® (nanoparticle albumin–bound paclitaxel), REVLIMID® (lenalidomide), and VIDAZA® (azaciditine) in China and the preparation for launch and potential commercialization of our internally developed drug candidates, if approved. We also expect selling, general and administrative expenses to increase in future periods to support our research and development efforts, including the continuation of the clinical trials of BGB-3111, BGB-A317, BGB-290 and BGB-283 as a treatment for various cancers and the initiation of clinical trials for other drug candidates. These cost increases will likely be due to increased promotional costs, increased headcount, increased share-based compensation expenses, expanded infrastructure and increased costs for insurance. We also anticipate increased legal, compliance, accounting, insurance and investor and public relations expenses associated with being a public company.

Interest Income (Expense), Net

Interest Income

Interest income consists primarily of interest generated from our cash and short-term investments in money markets, time deposits and U.S. Treasury securities.

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Interest Expense

Interest expense consists primarily of interest on our senior promissory note, convertible promissory note, long-term bank loan and Shareholder Loan.

Other Income (Expense), Net

Other income consists primarily of government grants and subsidies received that involve no conditions or continuing performance obligations by us. Other expense consists primarily of loss from property and equipment disposals and donations made to sponsor certain events. Other income (expense) also consists of unrealized gains and losses related to changes in foreign currency exchange rates and realized gains and losses on the sale of investments.

Results of Operations

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 20172023 and 2016:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended September 30, 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 

 

    

2017

    

2016

    

Change

    

2017

    

2016

    

Change

 

 

(in thousands)

Product revenue, net

 

$

8,822

 

$

 —

 

$

8,822

 

$

8,822

 

$

 —

 

$

8,822

Collaboration revenue

 

 

211,391

 

 

 —

 

 

211,391

 

 

211,391

 

 

1,070

 

 

210,321

Total revenue

 

 

220,213

 

 

 —

 

 

220,213

 

 

220,213

 

 

1,070

 

 

219,143

Expenses

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

  

Cost of sales - product

 

 

(1,944)

 

 

 —

 

 

(1,944)

 

 

(1,944)

 

 

 —

 

 

(1,944)

Research and development

 

 

(87,660)

 

 

(30,106)

 

 

(57,554)

 

 

(177,678)

 

 

(69,100)

 

 

(108,578)

Selling, general and administrative

 

 

(15,641)

 

 

(4,722)

 

 

(10,919)

 

 

(35,187)

 

 

(11,760)

 

 

(23,427)

Amortization of intangible assets

 

 

(63)

 

 

 —

 

 

(63)

 

 

(63)

 

 

 —

 

 

(63)

Total expenses

 

 

(105,308)

 

 

(34,828)

 

 

(70,480)

 

 

(214,872)

 

 

(80,860)

 

 

(134,012)

Income/(loss) from operations

 

 

114,905

 

 

(34,828)

 

 

149,733

 

 

5,341

 

 

(79,790)

 

 

85,131

Interest (expense)/income, net

 

 

(1,785)

 

 

(75)

 

 

(1,710)

 

 

(3,581)

 

 

336

 

 

(3,917)

Changes in fair value of financial instruments

 

 

 —

 

 

 —

 

 

 —

 

 

 —

 

 

(1,514)

 

 

1,514

(Loss)/gain on sale of available-for-sale securities

 

 

 —

 

 

(137)

 

 

137

 

 

10

 

 

(1,077)

 

 

1,087

Other income/(expense), net

 

 

1,103

 

 

(327)

 

 

1,430

 

 

1,531

 

 

732

 

 

799

Income/(loss) before income tax expense

 

 

114,223

 

 

(35,367)

 

 

149,590

 

 

3,301

 

 

(81,313)

 

 

84,614

Income tax benefit /(expense)

 

 

3,061

 

 

(127)

 

 

3,188

 

 

2,680

 

 

(306)

 

 

2,986

Net income/(loss)

 

 

117,284

 

 

(35,494)

 

 

152,778

 

 

5,981

 

 

(81,619)

 

 

87,600

Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest

 

 

(102)

 

 

 —

 

 

(102)

 

 

(237)

 

 

 —

 

 

(237)

Net income/(loss) attributable to BeiGene, Ltd.

 

$

117,386

 

$

(35,494)

 

$

152,880

 

$

6,218

 

$

(81,619)

 

$

87,837

2022:

37

 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,ChangeSeptember 30,Change
 20232022$%20232022$%
 (dollars in thousands)
Revenues    
Product revenue, net$595,290 $349,506 $245,784 70.3 %$1,559,326 $915,590 $643,736 70.3 %
Collaboration revenue186,018 38,122 147,896 388.0 %265,044 120,236 144,808 120.4 %
Total revenues781,308 387,628 393,680 101.6 %1,824,370 1,035,826 788,544 76.1 %
Expenses
Cost of sales - product96,309 76,543 19,766 25.8 %274,088 212,953 61,135 28.7 %
Research and development453,259 426,363 26,896 6.3 %1,284,607 1,194,485 90,122 7.5 %
Selling, general and administrative364,421 322,892 41,529 12.9 %1,087,954 948,868 139,086 14.7 %
Amortization of intangible assets1,287 187 1,100 588.2 %1,662 563 1,099 195.2 %
Total expenses915,276 825,985 89,291 10.8 %2,648,311 2,356,869 291,442 12.4 %
Loss from operations(133,968)(438,357)304,389 (69.4)%(823,941)(1,321,043)497,102 (37.6)%
Interest income, net26,649 12,759 13,890 108.9 %57,735 34,261 23,474 68.5 %
Other income (expense), net336,657 (125,640)462,297 (368.0)%291,142 (243,290)534,432 (219.7)%
Income (loss) before income taxes229,338 (551,238)780,576 (141.6)%(475,064)(1,530,072)1,055,008 (69.0)%
Income tax expense13,925 6,318 7,607 120.4 %39,091 28,408 10,683 37.6 %
Net income (loss)$215,413 $(557,556)$772,969 (138.6)%$(514,155)$(1,558,480)$1,044,325 (67.0)%

Table of Contents

Comparison of the Three Months Ended September 30, 20172023 and 2016

2022

Revenue

Net product

Total revenue was $8.8increased to $781.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, which related2023, from $387.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, due to an increase in sales of BRUKINSA and tislelizumab, as well as increased sales of our distribution and promotion in-licensed products from Amgen. Additionally, collaboration revenue increased due to the recognition of ABRAXANE® and REVLIMID® in China. We had no productthe remaining deferred revenue associated with the Novartis collaborations upon termination of the agreements.
The following table summarizes the components of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2016.

Collaboration 2023 and 2022, respectively:

Three Months Ended
September 30,Changes
20232022$%
(dollars in thousands)
Product revenue$595,290 $349,506 $245,784 70.3 %
Collaboration revenue:
Material rights revenue71,980 — 71,980 NM
Research and development service revenue59,052 9,834 49,218 500.5 %
Right to access intellectual property revenue51,978 26,249 25,729 98.0 %
Other3,008 2,039 969 47.5 %
Total collaboration revenue186,018 38,122 147,896 388.0 %
Total Revenue$781,308 $387,628 $393,680 101.6 %

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Net product revenues consisted of the following:
Three Months Ended
September 30,Changes
20232022$%
(dollars in thousands)
BRUKINSA®
$357,695 $155,495 $202,200 130.0 %
Tislelizumab144,352 128,206 16,146 12.6 %
REVLIMID®
14,960 19,046 (4,086)(21.5)%
XGEVA®
24,456 18,148 6,308 34.8 %
POBEVCY®
14,130 9,873 4,257 43.1 %
BLINCYTO®
14,870 6,214 8,656 139.3 %
KYPROLIS®
11,101 2,820 8,281 293.7 %
VIDAZA®
4,320 3,314 1,006 30.4 %
Pamiparib1,887 1,266 621 49.1 %
Other7,519 5,124 2,395 46.7 %
Total product revenue$595,290 $349,506 $245,784 70.3 %
Net product revenue was $211.4increased 70.3% to $595.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, which was2023, compared to $349.5 million in the prior-year period, primarily due to revenue recognition related to the license fee under our collaboration agreement with Celgenecontinued increases in sales of BRUKINSA globally and Celgene Switzerland with respect to BGB-A317. The portion of the upfront license fee allocated to R&D services, $38.6 million, is recorded as deferred revenuetislelizumab in China. In addition, product revenues in the September 30, 2017 balance sheet and will be recognized overthird quarter of 2023 were positively impacted by sales of in-licensed products from Amgen in China. During the term of the respective clinical studies for the specified indications. There was no collaboration revenue for the three monthsquarter ended September 30, 20162023, we continued to see increased patient demand in China for tislelizumab and BRUKINSA due to broader reimbursement and increase in market share, and this demand more than offset the effect of the related price reductions.
Global sales of BRUKINSA totaled $357.7 million in the third quarter, representing a 130.0% increase compared to the prior-year period; U.S. sales of BRUKINSA totaled $270.1 million in the third quarter, compared to $108.1 million in the prior-year period, representing growth of 149.8%.

ResearchU.S. sales continued to accelerate after the approval and Development Expense

Researchlaunch of BRUKINSA in the first quarter of 2023 for adult patients with CLL and development expensesmall lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). BRUKINSA sales in China totaled $47.4 million, representing growth of 20.8% over the prior-year period, driven by increases in all approved indications. BRUKINSA rest of world sales totaled $40.2 million in the third quarter, representing growth of 410.2% compared to the prior-year period, primarily driven by an increase in all approved indications, including CLL and SLL in Europe.

Sales of tislelizumab in China totaled $144.4 million in the third quarter, compared to $128.2 million in the prior-year period, representing a 12.6% increase. In the third quarter, new patient demand from broader reimbursement and hospital listings continued to drive increased by $57.6 million, or 191.2%,market penetration and market share for tislelizumab. We believe that our strategy of expanding our salesforce and hospital listings and continuing to $87.7seek expanded labels in broad indications will allow us to continue to increase our market share.
Collaboration revenue totaled $186.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 20172023, of which $183.0 million related to the recognition of the remaining deferred revenue associated with the Novartis collaborations upon termination of the agreements, consisting of $59.1 million recognized from $30.1deferred R&D service revenue under both the tislelizumab and ociperlimab collaborations, $52.0 million recognized from deferred revenue for Novartis' right to access ociperlimab over the option period prior to termination and $72.0 million recognized from deferred material right revenue associated with the ociperlimab collaboration upon termination. Additionally, $3.0 million was recognized primarily related to the sale of tislelizumab and ociperlimab clinical supply to Novartis and revenue generated under the broad markets marketing and promotion agreement. Collaboration revenue totaled $38.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016.2022, of which $9.8 million was recognized from deferred revenue for R&D services performed during the three months ended September 30, 2022 under both the tislelizumab and ociperlimab collaborations and $26.2 million was recognized from deferred revenue for Novartis' right to access ociperlimab over the option period (see Note 3 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q).
Cost of Sales
Cost of sales increased to $96.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 from $76.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, primarily due to increased product sales of BRUKINSA and tislelizumab, as well as sales of in-licensed products from Amgen in China.
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Gross Margin
Gross margin on global product sales increased to $499.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $273.0 million in the prior-year period, primarily due to increased product sales in the current year period. Gross margin as a percentage of product sales increased to 83.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from 78.1% in the comparable period of the prior year. The increase is primarily due to proportionally higher sales mix of global BRUKINSA compared to lower margin sales of in-licensed products, as well as lower costs per unit for tislelizumab in China.
Research and Development Expense
Research and development expense increased by $26.9 million, or 6.3%, to $453.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 from $426.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The following table summarizes external clinical, external preclinicalnon-clinical and internal research and development expense for the three months ended September 30, 20172023 and 2016,2022, respectively:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended 

Three Months Ended   

 

September 30, 

September 30,Changes

    

2017

    

2016

    

Changes

20232022$%

 

(in thousands)

(dollars in thousands)

External cost of clinical-stage programs

 

$

45,341

 

$

15,151

 

$

30,190

External cost of preclinical-stage programs

 

 

3,602

 

 

3,264

 

 

338

External research and development expense:External research and development expense:
Cost of development programsCost of development programs$126,301 $128,635 $(2,334)(1.8)%
Upfront license feesUpfront license fees15,000 20,000 (5,000)(25.0)%
Amgen co-development expense1
Amgen co-development expense1
15,832 25,463 (9,631)(37.8)%
Total external research and development expensesTotal external research and development expenses157,133 174,098 (16,965)(9.7)%

Internal research and development expenses

 

 

38,717

 

 

11,691

 

 

27,026

Internal research and development expenses296,126 252,265 43,861 17.4 %

Total research and development expenses

 

$

87,660

 

$

30,106

 

$

57,554

Total research and development expenses$453,259 $426,363 $26,896 6.3 %

1Our co-funding obligation for the development of the pipeline assets under the Amgen collaboration for the three months ended September 30, 2023 totaled $31.7 million, of which $15.8 million was recorded as R&D expense. The increaseremaining $15.9 million was recorded as a reduction of the R&D cost share liability.
The decrease in external research and development expenseexpenses in the third quarter was primarily attributable to the advancement of oura decrease in Amgen co-development expense, external clinical trial costs for TEVIMBRA (tislelizumab) and ZW25 (zanidatamab) and preclinical pipeline, and included the following:

·Increases of approximately $17.3 million, $8.1 million and $6.0 million, respectively, for BGB-3111, BGB-A317 and BGB-290, partially offset by a decrease of approximately $1.2 million for BGB-283. The expense increases were primarily due to the expansion of our ongoing clinical development plan, including the initiation of two global Phase 1 and Phase 1b/2 combination trials of BGB-290, the continued enrollment of our three global registrational BGB-3111 trials, the initiation of a pivotal Phase 2 BGB-3111 trial and a Phase 2 BGB-3111 combination trial in China, and the initiation of a registational trial and two Phase 2 combination trials of BGB-A317 in China.

The increasetrial costs for certain assets in internalour portfolio, partially offset by higher external clinical trial costs for BRUKINSA.

Internal research and development expense increased $43.9 million, or 17.4%, to $296.1 million, and was primarily attributable to the expansion of our global discovery and development organization, as well as our continued efforts to internalize research and our pipeline,clinical trial activities, and included the following:

·$8.9 million increase of employee salary and benefits, which was primarily attributable to hiring more research and development personnel to support our expanding research and clinical activities;

·$8.3 million increase of share-based compensation expense ($10.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2017 compared to $2.1 million in the three months ended September 30, 2016), primarily attributable to our increased headcount, as well as the increased valuation of non-employee grants;

$22.8 million increase of employee salary and benefits, primarily attributable to hiring more research and development personnel to support our expanding research and development activities;

·$2.6 million increase of materials and reagent expenses, mainly in connection with the in-house manufacture of drug candidates used for clinical purposes, that were previously outsourced and recorded as external cost; and

$7.7 million increase of share-based compensation expense, primarily attributable to our increased headcount of research and development employees, resulting in more awards being expensed;

38

$6.4 million net increase in depreciation, market access, and other expenses;

$6.0 million increase of consulting fees, which was mainly attributable to activities in the United States and Europe; and
$1.0 million increase of travel and meeting expenses, which was mainly due to travel normalizing and key conferences in connection with the advancement of our drug candidates.

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·$7.2 million increase of consulting fees, facility and travel expenses, rental fees and other expenses, primarily attributable to the global expansion of our company.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense

Selling, general and administrative expense increased by $10.9$41.5 million, or 231.2%12.9%, to $15.6$364.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 20172023, from $4.7$322.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016.2022. The increase was primarily attributable to the following:

·$3.8 million increase of professional fees for legal, consulting, recruiting and audit services, mainly in connection with our patent prosecution activities, consulting services, business development activities, including the Celgene transactions, recruiting services and the preparation of periodic reports; 

·$3.0 million increase of employee salary and benefits, which was primarily attributable to the hiring of more personnel to support our growing organization, including the acquired workforce in the acquisition of Celgene’s China operations; 

$39.2 million increase of external commercial-related expenses, including grants and sponsorships, meetings, conferences and seminars, travel expenses, marketing and promotional activities, and market access studies and analytics, related to commercial expansion in the United States and Europe driven by the launch of BRUKINSA in CLL;

·$2.3 million increase of share-based compensation expense, primarily attributable to our increased headcount; and

$20.0 million decrease in consulting expenses due primarily to lower external commercial expenses in China;

·$1.8 million increase of facility and travel expenses, rental fees and other selling, administrative expenses, primarily attributable to the global expansion of our business, including the post-combination operating costs of BeiGene Pharmaceutical (Shanghai).

$11.5 million increase of employee salary and benefits, primarily attributable to hiring more commercial and medical affairs personnel to support our commercial expansion activities;

$10.1 million increase of share-based compensation expense, primarily attributable to our increased headcount of sales and administrative employees, resulting in more awards being expensed; and
$0.7 million increase of professional fees and other administrative expenses.
Interest Income, Net
Interest income, net increased by $13.9 million, or 108.9%, to $26.6 million of net interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from $12.8 million of net interest income for three months ended September 30, 2022. The increase in interest income, net, was primarily attributable to increased interest income resulting from higher interest rates on our cash and short-term investment balances and a decrease in interest expense as a result of higher interest capitalized related to Hopewell construction in process.
Other Income (Expense), Net

Interest expense (net) increased by $1.7

Other income, net was $336.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 as2023, primarily due to the noncash gain recorded for the receipt of ordinary shares resulting from the BMS settlement and government subsidy income, partially offset by foreign exchange losses resulting from the strengthening of the U.S. dollar compared to the RMB in the period and the revaluation impact of foreign currencies held in U.S. functional currency subsidiaries and unrealized losses on our equity investments.

For the three months ended September 30, 2016. The increase2022, other expense, net, was $125.6 million, which was primarily due to foreign exchange losses resulting from the strengthening of the U.S. dollar compared to the RMB in interestthe period and the revaluation impact of foreign currencies held in U.S. functional currency subsidiaries and unrealized losses on our equity investments.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense was primarily attributable to interest accrued for the long-term bank loan and Shareholder Loan.

Gain on Sale of Available-for-sale Securities

The gain on sale of available-for-sale securities was nil for the three months ended September 30, 2017, compared to a nominal loss for the three months ended September 30, 2016.

Other Income (Expense), Net

Other income (expense), net, increased by $1.4$13.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017,2023 as compared with the three months ended September 30, 2016. Other income (expense), net primarily consisted of government grants received and foreign currency exchange gains/losses recognized.

Income Tax Benefit (Expense)

Income tax benefit was $3.1to $6.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 compared with2022. The income tax expense of $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The income tax benefit in the three months ended September 30, 20172023 and 2022 was primarily attributable to the effect of estimated realizedcurrent China tax expense due to certain non-deductible expenses and current U.S. tax expense determined after other special tax deductions and research and development tax credits and the U.S. Orphan Drug Credit related to BeiGene USA.

credits.

39


Comparison of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 20172023 and 2016

2022

Revenue

Product

Total revenue was $8.8increased to $1.8 billion, or 76.1%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $1.0 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, primarily due to increased sales of our internally developed products, BRUKINSA and tislelizumab, as well as increased sales of in-licensed products, most notably from the Amgen products. Additionally, collaboration revenue increased due to the recognition of the remaining deferred revenue associated with the Novartis collaborations upon termination of the agreements.
34

Table of Contents

The following table summarizes the components of revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively:
Nine Months Ended
September 30,Changes
20232022$%
(dollars in thousands)
Product revenue$1,559,326 $915,590 $643,736 70.3 %
Collaboration revenue:
Material rights revenue71,980 — 71,980 NM
Research and development service revenue79,432 34,074 45,358 133.1 %
Right to access intellectual property revenue104,475 78,746 25,729 32.7 %
Other9,157 7,416 1,741 23.5 %
Total collaboration revenue265,044 120,236 144,808 120.4 %
Total Revenue$1,824,370 $1,035,826 $788,544 76.1 %

Net product revenues consisted of the following:
Nine Months Ended
September 30,Changes
20232022$%
(dollars in thousands)
BRUKINSA®
877,353 388,567 $488,786 125.8 %
Tislelizumab408,666 320,728 87,938 27.4 %
REVLIMID®
59,965 60,622 (657)(1.1)%
XGEVA®
68,621 47,156 21,465 45.5 %
POBEVCY®
41,894 29,671 12,223 41.2 %
BLINCYTO®
40,394 27,610 12,784 46.3 %
KYPROLIS®
27,096 11,225 15,871 141.4 %
VIDAZA®
11,439 12,260 (821)(6.7)%
Pamiparib5,612 5,843 (231)(4.0)%
Other18,286 11,908 6,378 53.6 %
Total product revenue$1,559,326 $915,590 $643,736 70.3 %
Net product revenue increased 70.3% to $1,559.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 20172023, compared to $915.6 million in the prior year period, primarily due to increased sales of BRUKINSA in the United States and relatesChina and increased sales of tislelizumab in China. In addition, there were increased sales of our in-licensed products from Amgen.
Global sales of BRUKINSA totaled $877.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2023, representing a 125.8% increase compared to the exclusive distributionprior year period; U.S. sales of BRUKINSA totaled $632.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $264.4 million in the prior year period, representing growth of 139.2%. U.S. sales continued to accelerate in the period, driven by the approval and promotionlaunch of ABRAXANE®BRUKINSA for adult patients with CLL and REVLIMID®SLL. BRUKINSA sales in China.

China totaled $144.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2023, representing growth of 31.6% compared to the prior year period, driven by an increase in all approved indications. BRUKINSA rest of world sales totaled $101.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2023, representing growth of 602.5% compared to the prior-year period, driven by a significant increase in all approved indications, including CLL and SLL in Europe.

Sales of tislelizumab in China totaled $408.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2023, representing a 27.4% increase compared to $320.7 million in the prior year period. In the nine months ended September 30, 2023, new patient demand from broader reimbursement and further expansion of our salesforce and hospital listings continued to drive increased market penetration and market share for tislelizumab.
Collaboration revenue increased by $210.3 million to $211.4totaled $265.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 20172023, primarily related to the recognition of the remaining deferred revenue associated with the Novartis collaborations upon termination of the agreements
35

during the third quarter of 2023. Collaboration revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 consisted of $79.4 million recognized from $1.1deferred revenue for R&D services performed during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 under both the tislelizumab and ociperlimab collaborations, $104.5 million recognized from deferred revenue for Novartis' right to access ociperlimab over the option period, $72.0 million recognized from deferred material right revenue associated with the ociperlimab collaboration upon termination and $9.2 million recognized primarily related to the sale of tislelizumab clinical supply to Novartis and revenue generated under the broad markets marketing and promotion agreement. Collaboration revenue totaled $120.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase in2022, of which $34.1 million was recognized from deferred revenue for R&D services performed during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, $78.7 million was primarily duerecognized from deferred revenue for Novartis' right to revenue recognitionaccess ociperlimab over the option period, and $7.4 million was recognized related to the license fee undersale of tislelizumab clinical supply to Novartis (see Note 3 to our collaboration agreement with Celgene and Celgene Switzerland with respectcondensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q).
Cost of Sales
Cost of sales increased to BGB-A317.

Research and Development Expense

Research and development expense increased by $108.6 million, or 157.1%, to $177.7$274.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 20172023 from $69.1$213.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016.2022, primarily due to increased product sales of BRUKINSA and tislelizumab as well as sales of in-licensed products from Amgen in China.

Gross Margin
Gross margin on product sales increased to $1.3 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $702.6 million in the prior year period, primarily due to increased product revenue in the current year period. Gross margin as a percentage of product sales increased to 82.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from 76.7% in the comparable period of the prior year. The increase is primarily due to a proportionally higher sales mix of global BRUKINSA compared to lower margin sales of in-licensed products and lower per unit costs for BRUKINSA and tislelizumab, partially offset by the impact of lower selling prices in China from the listing of tislelizumab and BRUKINSA on the updated NRDL.
Research and Development Expense
Research and development expense increased by $90.1 million, or 7.5%, to $1.3 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 from $1.2 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The following table summarizes external clinical, external preclinicalnon-clinical and internal research and development expense for the nine months ended September 30, 20172023 and 2016,2022, respectively:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended 

Nine Months Ended  

 

September 30, 

September 30,Changes

    

2017

    

2016

 

Changes

20232022$%

 

(in thousands)

(dollars in thousands)

External cost of clinical-stage programs

 

$

92,099

 

$

37,221

 

$

54,878

External cost of preclinical-stage programs

 

 

8,943

 

 

5,150

 

 

3,793

External research and development expense:External research and development expense:
Cost of development programsCost of development programs$384,520 $360,644 $23,876 6.6 %
Upfront license feesUpfront license fees15,000 20,000 (5,000)(25.0)%
Amgen co-development expense1
Amgen co-development expense1
39,106 72,252 (33,146)(45.9)%
Total external research and development expensesTotal external research and development expenses438,626 452,896 (14,270)(3.2)%

Internal research and development expenses

 

 

76,636

 

 

26,729

 

 

49,907

Internal research and development expenses845,981 741,589 104,392 14.1 %

Total research and development expenses

 

$

177,678

 

$

69,100

 

$

108,578

Total research and development expenses$1,284,607 $1,194,485 $90,122 7.5 %

1Our co-funding obligation for the development of the pipeline assets under the Amgen collaboration for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 totaled $77.7 million, of which $39.1 million was recorded as R&D expense. The increaseremaining $38.6 million was recorded as a reduction of the R&D cost share liability.
The decrease in external research and development expenseexpenses in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily attributable to the advancement of ourdecrease in Amgen co-development expense and lower external clinical trial costs for TEVIMBRA (tislelizumab) and ZW25 (zanidatamab), partially offset by increases in external clinical trial costs for BRUKINSA and sonrotoclax (BGB-11417) and preclinical pipeline, and included:

·increases of approximately $33.4 million, $12.2 million and $11.4 million, respectively, for BGB-3111, BGB-A317 and BGB-290, offset by a decrease of approximately $2.1 million for BGB-283. The expense increases were primarily due to the expansion of our ongoing clinical development plan, including the initiation of two global Phase 1 and Phase 1b/2 combination trials of BGB-290, the continued enrollment of our three global registrational BGB-3111 trials, the initiation of a pivotal Phase 2 BGB-3111 trial and a Phase 2 BGB-3111 combination trial in China, and the initiation of a registrational trial and two Phase 2 combination trials of BGB-A317 in China; and

trial costs for certain assets in our portfolio.

·increase of approximately $3.8 million in external spending for our preclinical-stage programs, primarily related to costs associated with advancing our next preclinical candidate toward clinical trials.


The increase in internal

Internal research and development expense increased $104.4 million, or 14.1%, to $846.0 million and was primarily attributable to the expansion of our global development organization and our pipeline,clinical and preclinical drug candidates, as well as our continued efforts to internalize research and clinical trial activities, and included the following:

·$20.7 million increase of employee salaries and benefits, which was primarily attributable to hiring more research and development personnel to support our expanding research and clinical activities;

·$14.5 million increase of share-based compensation expense ($19.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to $5.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2016), primarily attributable to our increased headcount, as well as the increased valuation of non-employee grants;

·$3.6 million increase of materials and reagent expenses, mainly in connection with the in-house manufacture of drug candidates used for clinical purposes, that were previously outsourced and recorded as external cost; and

40


36

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$62.3 million increase of employee salary and benefits, primarily attributable to hiring more research and development personnel to support our expanding research and development activities;

·$11.1 million increase of consulting fees, facilities, travel, rental fee and other expenses, primarily attributable to the global expansion of our company.

$19.7 million increase of share-based compensation expense, primarily attributable to our increased headcount of research and development employees, resulting in more awards being expensed related to the growing research and development employee population;

$21.8 million increase of facilities, depreciation, consulting, regulatory, office expense, rental fees, lab consumables and other expenses to support the growth of our organization, partially offset by a $6.3 million decrease in clinical inventory; and
$6.9 million increase in meetings, seminars and travel expenses mainly attributable to increased meetings and conferences travel normalizing.
Selling, General and Administrative Expense

Selling, general and administrative expense increased by $23.4$139.1 million, or 199.2%14.7%, to $35.2$1.1 billion, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $948.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 20172022. The increase was primarily attributable to the following:
$73.0 million increase in external commercial-related expenses, including market research, sales and marketing, conference, meeting and seminar and travel related expenses related to the growth of our global commercial organization, including commercial expansion of BRUKINSA in CLL in the United States and Europe, as we continue to build our worldwide footprint and capabilities;
$35.4 million increase in grants and donations;
$30.4 million increase of employee salary and benefits, which was primarily attributable to the expansion of our commercial organizations in the United States, Europe, Canada, China and emerging markets, and the hiring of personnel to support our growing business;
$30.0 million increase of share-based compensation expense, primarily attributable to our increased headcount of sales and administrative employees, resulting in more awards being expensed related to the growing sales and administrative employee population;
$21.5 million decrease in consulting expenses due primarily to lower external commercial expenses in China; and
$8.2 million decrease in general and administrative and other expenses primarily attributable to increased legal fees related to increased arbitration activities for the prior nine months period ended September 30, 2022.
Interest Income (Expense), Net
Interest income (expense), net increased by $23.5 million, or 68.5%, to $57.7 million of net interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $11.8$34.3 million of net interest income for nine months ended September 30, 2022. The increase in interest income was primarily attributable to higher interest rates earned on our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments and lower interest expense due to an increase in interest capitalization related to Hopewell construction.
Other Income (Expense), Net
Other income, net was $291.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase2023, primarily due to the noncash gain recorded for the receipt of ordinary shares as a result of the BMS settlement and government subsidy income, partially offset by foreign exchange losses resulting from the strengthening of the U.S. dollar compared to the RMB and the revaluation impact of RMB-denominated deposits held in U.S. functional currency subsidiaries and unrealized losses on equity investments.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, other expense, net was $243.3 million, which was primarily attributabledue to foreign exchanges losses resulting from the strengthening of the U.S. dollar compared to the following:

·$7.7 million increase of professional fees for legal, consulting, recruiting and audit services, mainly in connection with our patent prosecution activities, consulting services, business development activities, including the Guangzhou joint venture and Celgene transactions, recruiting services and the preparation of periodic reports;

RMB and the revaluation impact of RMB-denominated deposits held in U.S. functional currency subsidiaries being greater in the prior-year period. Also contributing to the decrease in expense was decrease in the unrealized loss on our equity investment in Leap Therapeutics.

·$6.1 million increase of employee salaries and benefits, which was primarily attributable to hiring of more personnel to support our growing organization, including the acquired workforce in the acquisition of Celgen’s China operations;

Income Tax Expense

·$5.2 million increase of share-based compensation expense, primarily attributable to our increased headcount; and

·$4.4 million increase of office, travel, rental fee and other administrative expenses, primarily attributable to the global expansion of our company, including the post-combination operating costs of BeiGene Pharmaceutical (Shanghai).

Interest Income (Expense), Net

Net interest (expense) income decreased by $3.9tax expense increased to $39.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease was primarily attributable to increase of interest expense2023, from the long-term bank loan and Shareholder Loan.

Changes in Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Loss from changes in fair value of financial instruments was nil for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared with $1.5$28.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016.2022. The decrease in loss from changes in fair value of financial instruments was primarily attributable to change in the fair value of warrants and option liabilities, both of which were exercised in January 2016 and February 2016 in connection with the IPO.

Gain on Sale of Available-for-sale Securities

The gain on sale of available-for-sale securities was nominalincome tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to a loss of $1.1 million for the nine months ended2023 and September 30, 2016.

Other Income, Net

Net other income increased by $0.8 million to $1.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 from $0.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. Net other income primarily consisted of government grants received and foreign currency exchange gains/losses recognized.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax benefit was $2.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared with income tax expense of $0.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The income tax benefit in the nine months ended

41


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September 30, 20172022 was primarily attributable to the effect of estimated realizedcurrent China tax expense due to certain non-deductible expenses and current U.S. tax expense determined after other special deductions and research and development tax credits and the U.S. Orphan Drug Credit related to BeiGene USA.

credits.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Since inception,

The following table represents our cash, short-term investments, and debt balances as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
As of
 September 30,December 31,
 20232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$3,080,892 $3,875,037 
Short-term investments$106,989 $665,251 
Total debt$531,051 $538,117 
With the exception of the periods in which we received upfront payments from out-licensing rights to tislelizumab to Novartis, and prior to that BMS, and the current quarter where we recorded a large noncash gain from the BMS settlement and accelerated deferred revenue recognition from the Novartis terminations, we have incurred net losses and negative cash flows from our operations except for net income insince inception, resulting from the current reporting period due to recognitionfunding of an up-front license fee under our exclusive license agreement with Celgene. Substantially all of our losses have resulted from funding our research and development programs and selling, costs and general and administrative costs associated withexpenses to support the commercialization of our products and our global operations. We incurredrecognized net income of $117.3$215.4 million and $6.0net loss of $514.2 million respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017,2023, respectively, and net losslosses of $35.5$557.6 million and $81.6 million, respectively,$1.6 billion for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016.2022, respectively. As of September 30, 2017,2023, we had an accumulated deficit of $231.2 million. Our primary use of cash is to fund research and development costs. Our operating activities used $81.0 million and $63.4 million of cash flows during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Historically,$7.6 billion.
To date, we have financed our operations principally through proceeds from public and private offerings of our securities and proceeds from our collaboration agreements, such as those with Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany and Celgene. During the three months ended September 30, 2017, we raised an aggregate of $601.4 million, consisting of $188.5 million in net proceeds from a public offering of our ordinary shares, $149.9 million in net proceeds from the sale of ordinary shares to Celgene in connection with our collaboration agreement, and $263.0 million in up-front license fees under our collaboration agreement with Celgene, of which $171.0 million is due in December 2017.

As of September 30, 2017, we had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $757.4 million, including approximately $91.6 million of cash held by BeiGene Biologics to build a commercial biologics facility in Guangzhou, China and to fund research and development of biologics drug candidates in China. In addition, we had $10.5 million of accounts receivable related to product sales and $171.0 million of unbilled receivables related to the balance of the upfront fees from Celgene, payable to us in December 2017.

The following table provides information regarding our cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 

 

 

    

2017

    

2016

    

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Net cash used in operating activities

 

$

(80,997)

 

$

(63,373)

 

Net cash used in investing activities

 

 

(288,077)

 

 

(51,129)

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

 

 

487,308

 

 

182,210

 

Net effect of foreign exchange rate changes

 

 

2,762

 

 

(45)

 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

 

$

120,996

 

$

67,663

 

Net Cash Used in Operating Activities

The use of cash in all periods presented resulted primarily from our net losses adjusted for non-cash charges and changes in components of working capital. The primary use of our cash in all periods presented was to fund research and development, regulatory and other clinical trial costs, selling costs and related supporting administrative expenses. Our prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable and accrued expense balances in all periods presented were affected by the timing of vendor invoicing and payments.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, operating activities used $81.0 million of cash, which resulted principally from our net income of $6.0 million, adjusted for non-cash charges of $28.1 million and by cash used in operations due to increased operating assets and liabilities of $115.1 million. Our operating assets increased $10.5 million for accounts receivable related to product sales and $171.0 million for unbilled receivables related to the balance of the upfront fees from Celgene due in December 2017. Operating liabilities increased $38.6 million related to deferred revenue under the Celgene collaboration and $45.1 million due to increased payables and accrued expenses from increased payroll-related costs, R&D external costs and selling, general and administrative expenses to support our growing business. Our net non-cash charges during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 primarily consisted of

42


$26.4 million of share-based compensation expense, $4.8 million of non-cash interest expense and $2.7 million of depreciation expense, offset by $5.9 million related to deferred tax benefits.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, operating activities used $63.4 million of cash, which resulted principally from our net loss of $81.6 million, adjusting for non-cash charges of $10.7 million and interest expense of $0.1 million, and by cash provided by operations due to decreased operating assets and liabilities of $7.4 million. Our net non-cash charges during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 primarily consisted of a $1.4 million depreciation charge, a $6.7 million share-based compensation expense, a $1.1 million disposal loss on available-for-sale securities and a $1.5 million loss from changes in the fair value of financial instruments.

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was $288.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $51.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase in cash used in investing activities was primarily due to $218.1 million of net purchases of available-for-sale securities, $50.1 million of investment in time deposits, $27.4 million paid to purchase property and equipment, primarily related to our Guangzhou and Suzhou manufacturing facilities, and $12.4 million paid to acquire land use rights in Guangzhou, China, partially offset by $19.9 million of cash acquired in the acquisition of BeiGene Pharmaceutical (Shanghai), net of cash paid.

Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was $487.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $182.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we received $132.8 million of proceeds from the Shareholder Loan, $14.5 million from the capital contribution in BeiGene Biologics by GET, $188.5 million of net proceeds from our follow-on offering, net of underwriter discount and offering costs, $149.9 million from equity contribution by Celgene Switzerland, net of offering costs and $1.6 million from the exercise of employee options. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we received net proceeds of $167.9 million from our initial public offering, net of underwriter discount and offering costs, $12.2 million from a long-term bank loan and $2.1 million from the exercise of warrants and options.

Operating Capital Requirements

We do not expect to generate significant revenue from product sales of our internally developed drug candidates unless and until we obtain regulatory approval of and commercialize one of our current or future drug candidates. We have exclusive rights to distribute and promote Celgene’s approved cancer therapies in China, for which we began recognizing revenue in the third quarter of 2017. We anticipate that we will continue to generate losses for the foreseeable future, and we expect our losses to increase as we continue the development of, and seek regulatory approvals for, our drug candidates, and prepare for commercialization and begin to commercialize any approved products. As a growing public company, we will continue to incur additional costs associated with our operations. In addition, we expect to incur significant commercialization expenses for product sales, marketing and manufacturing of our in-licensed drug products in China and, subject to obtaining regulatory approval, our drug candidates. Accordingly, we anticipate that we will need substantial additional funding in connection with our continuing operations.

collaborations. Based on our current operating plan, we expect that our existing cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments as of September 30, 2017,2023 will enable us to fund our operating expenses and capital expendituresexpenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months after the date that the financial statements included in this report are issued. We expect that

The following table provides information regarding our expenses will continue tocash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 20232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period$3,875,037 $4,382,887 
Net cash used in operating activities(935,815)(1,178,428)
Net cash provided by investing activities122,588 1,038,587 
Net cash provided by financing activities69,430 91,395 
Net effect of foreign exchange rate changes(50,348)(133,929)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash(794,145)(182,375)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$3,080,892 $4,200,512 
Operating Activities
Cash flows from operating activities is net loss adjusted for certain non-cash items and changes in assets and liabilities.
Operating activities used $935.8 million of cash in the nine months ended September 30, 2023, principally from our net loss of $514.2 million, an increase substantially as we fund clinical developmentin our net operating assets and liabilities of BGB-3111, BGB-A317, BGB-290$387.6 million, and BGB-283 as monotherapiesnon-cash charges of $34.1 million.
The increase in net operating assets and liabilities was primarily driven by increased working capital associated with our growth in combination, fund newproduct sales. The non-cash charges were primarily the result of the BMS termination settlement and ongoingamortization of the research and development activitiescost share liability, offset by share-based compensation expense, depreciation and working capital and other general corporate purposes. We have based our estimates on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we may use our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect. Because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with the development and commercialization of our drug candidates, we are unable to estimate the amounts of increased capital outlays and operating expenditures necessary to complete the development and commercialization of our drug candidates.

amortization expense.

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Our futureOperating activities used $1.2 billion of cash in the nine months ended September 30, 2022, which resulted principally from our net loss of $1.6 billion, partially offset by a decrease in our net operating assets and liabilities of $132.6 million and by non-cash charges of $247.5 million. Net loss for the three months ended September 30, 2022 includes $125.6 million of other losses due primarily to the strengthening of the U.S. dollar and the related revaluation of RMB-denominated deposits held by U.S. functional currency subsidiaries.

The decrease in working capital requirements will dependwas driven largely by decreases in accounts receivable (due to the receipt of the upfront from Novartis related to the ociperlimab collaboration), decreases in prepaid assets and other non-current assets, and an increase in taxes payable, partially offset by increases in inventories and decreases in accounts payable, accrued expenses, deferred revenue and other long-term liabilities. The non-cash charges were primarily driven by share-based compensation expense, depreciation and amortization expense, and unrealized loss on many factors, including:

·

the costs, timing and outcome of regulatory reviews and approvals;

our Leap investment, offset by amortization of the research and development cost share liability and deferred income tax benefits.

·

the ability of our drug candidates to progress through clinical development successfully;

Investing Activities

·

the initiation, progress, timing, costs and results of nonclinical studies and clinical trials for our other programs and potential drug candidates;

Cash flows from investing activities consist primarily of capital expenditures, investment purchases, sales, maturities, and disposals, and upfront payments related to our collaboration agreements.

·

the number and characteristics of the drug candidates we pursue;

Investing activities provided $122.6 million of cash in the nine months ended September 30, 2023, consisting of sales and maturities of investment securities of $567.5 million, partially offset by capital expenditures of $404.9 million, purchase of IPR&D assets of $15.0 million, purchase of intangible assets of $9.4 million and $15.6 million in purchases of investment securities.

·

the costs of preparing, filing and prosecuting patent applications, maintaining and enforcing our intellectual property rights and defending intellectual property-related claims;

Investing activities provided $1.0 billion of cash in the nine months ended September 30, 2022, consisting of sales and maturities of investment securities of $1.4 billion, offset by $14.7 million in purchases of investment securities, capital expenditures of $204.1 million, and $95.0 million of acquired in-process research and development.

·

the costs of establishing and expanding our commercial operations;

Financing Activities

·

the extent to which we acquire or in-license other products and technologies; and

Cash flows from financing activities consist primarily of sale of ordinary shares, RMB Shares and ADSs through equity offerings, issuance and repayment of short-term and long-term debt, and proceeds from the sale of ordinary shares and ADSs through employee equity compensation plans.

·

our ability to maintain and establish collaboration arrangements on favorable terms, if at all.

Financing activities provided $69.4 million of cash in the nine months ended September 30, 2023, consisting primarily of $22.5 million of net proceeds from long-term bank loans, $162.6 million of proceeds from short-term bank loans and $52.4 million from the exercise of employee share options and proceeds from the issuance of shares through our employee share purchase plan, which were partially offset by $159.6 million in repayments of short-term bank loans and $8.5 million in repayments of long-term bank loans.

Financing activities provided $91.4 million of cash in the nine months ended September 30, 2022, consisting primarily of $163.8 million of proceeds from short-term bank loans, $37.4 million of proceeds from a long-term bank loan and $35.7 million from the exercise of employee share options and proceeds from the issuance of shares through our employee share purchase plan, which were partially offset by $145.4 million in repayment of short-term bank loans.
Effects of Exchange Rates on Cash
We have substantial operations in the PRC, which generate a significant amount of RMB-denominated cash from product sales and require a significant amount of RMB-denominated cash to pay our obligations. We hold a significant amount of RMB-denominated deposits at our China subsidiaries. Since the reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar, periods of volatility in exchange rates may have a significant impact on our consolidated cash balances as they are translated into U.S. dollars. The impact of foreign currency deposits being translated into the U.S. dollar negatively impacted ending cash by $50.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to a negative impact of $133.9 million in the prior-year period.
Future Liquidity and Material Cash Requirements
Until such time, if ever, as we can generate substantial product revenue sufficient to cover our costs and capital investments, we expectmay be required to finance our cash needs through a combination of equity offerings, debt financings, collaborations,collaboration agreements, strategic alliances, licensing arrangements, government grants, and government grants. other available sources. Under the rules of the SEC, rules, we currently qualify as a “well-known seasoned issuer,” which allows us to file shelf registration statements to register an unspecified amount of securities that are effective upon filing. OnIn May 26, 2017,2023, we filed such a shelf registration statement with the SEC for the issuance of an unspecified amount of ordinary shares (including in the form of ADSs), preferred shares, various series of debt securities and/or warrants to purchase any of such securities, either individually or in units, from
39

time to time at prices and on terms to be determined at the time of any such offering. This registration statement was effective upon filing and will remain in effect for up to three years from filing, prior to which time we may file another shelf registration statement that will be effective for up to three years from filing.
To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership interest of our shareholders will be diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect your rights as a holder of ADSs, ordinary shares, or ordinary shares.RMB Shares. Debt financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures, or declaring dividends, and may require the issuance of warrants, which could potentially dilute yourour investors' ownership interest. If we raise additional funds through collaborations,collaboration agreements, strategic alliances or licensing arrangements with third parties, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies,medicines or drug candidates, future revenue streams or research programs, or to grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us.
Furthermore, our ability to raise additional capital may be adversely impacted by worsening global economic conditions, with disruptions to, and volatility in, the credit and financial markets in the U.S. and worldwide resulting from the effects of inflationary pressures, recent and potential future bank failures and otherwise. If these conditions persist and deepen, we could experience an inability to access additional capital or our liquidity could otherwise be impacted, which could in the future negatively affect our capacity for certain corporate development transactions or our ability to make other important, opportunistic investments. If we are unable to raise additional funds through equity or debt financings, collaborations or other sources when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product development or future commercialization efforts or grant rights to develop and market products or drug candidates that we would otherwise prefer to develop and market ourselves.

44

Our material cash requirements in the short- and long-term consist of the following operational, capital, and manufacturing expenditures, a portion of which contain contractual or other obligations. We plan to fund our material cash requirements with our current financial resources together with our anticipated receipts of accounts receivable, product sales and royalty revenues.

Contractual and Other Obligations

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

The following table summarizes our significant contractual obligations as of the payment due date by period atas of September 30, 2017:

2023:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Payments Due by Period

    

 

 

    

Less Than

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

More Than

Payments Due by Period

 

Total

 

1 Year

 

1–3 Years

 

3–5 Years

 

5 Years

TotalShort TermLong Term

 

(in thousands)

(dollars in thousands)

Contractual obligations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Contractual obligations   

Operating lease commitments

 

$

23,081

 

$

5,960

 

$

9,884

 

$

5,290

$

1,947

Operating lease commitments$55,049 $6,981 $48,068 
Purchase commitmentsPurchase commitments131,693 92,654 39,039 

Debt obligations

 

 

158,347

 

 

9,018

 

 

9,018

 

 

 —

 

140,311

Debt obligations531,052 328,561 202,491 
Interest on debtInterest on debt35,244 11,756 23,488 
Co-development funding commitmentCo-development funding commitment517,544 128,989 388,555 
Funding commitmentFunding commitment10,553 2,625 7,928 
Research and development commitmentResearch and development commitment16,498 6,004 10,494 

Capital commitments

 

 

36,149

 

 

36,149

 

 

 —

 

 

 —

 

 —

Capital commitments442,562 442,562 — 

Total

 

$

217,577

 

$

51,127

 

$

18,902

 

$

5,290

$

142,258

Total$1,740,195 $1,020,132 $720,063 

Operating Lease Commitments

We lease office or manufacturing facilities in Beijing,, Shanghai,, Suzhou and Guangzhou PRCin China; office facilities in California, Massachusetts, Maryland, and New Jersey in the United States; and office facilities in the United States in California, Massachusetts and New JerseyBasel, Switzerland under non-cancelable operating leases expiring on differentvarious dates. Payments under operating leases are expensed on a straight-line basis over the periods of the respective leases.lease terms. The aggregate future minimum payments under these non-cancelable operating leases are summarized in the table above.

Long-term Debt Obligations

Long-term Bank Loan

On September 2, 2015, BeiGene (Suzhou) entered into a loan agreement with Suzhou Industrial Park Biotech Development Co., Ltd. and China Construction Bank, to borrow $18.0 million at a 7% fixed annual interest rate.

Purchase Commitments
As of September 30, 2017,2023, non-cancellable purchase commitments amounted to $131.7 million, of which $41.2 million related to minimum purchase requirements for supply purchased from contract manufacturers and $90.5 million related to
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binding purchase obligations of inventory from BMS and Amgen. We do not have any minimum purchase requirements for inventory from BMS or Amgen.
Debt Obligations and Interest
Total debt obligations coming due in the next twelve months is $328.6 million. Total long-term debt obligations are $202.5 million. See Note 10 in the Notes to the Financial Statements for further detail of our debt obligations.
Interest on bank loans is paid quarterly until the respective loans are fully settled. For the purpose of contractual obligations calculation, current interest rates on floating rate obligations were used for the remainder contractual life of the outstanding borrowings.
Co-Development Funding Commitment
Under the Amgen collaboration, we have drawn downare responsible for co-funding global development costs for the entire $18.0 million, which is secured by BeiGene (Suzhou)’s equipment with a carrying amount of $23.3 million and our rightslicensed Amgen oncology pipeline assets up to a PRC patent on a drug candidate. $9.0 million is repayable on eachtotal cap of $1.25 billion. We are funding our portion of the co-development costs by contributing cash and development services. As of September 30, 20182023, our remaining co-development funding commitment was $517.5 million.
Funding Commitment
Funding commitment represents our committed capital related to two equity method investments. As of September 30, 2023, our remaining capital commitment was $10.6 million and 2019.

Shareholder Loan

On March 7, 2017, BeiGene Biologicsis expected to be paid from time to time over the investment period.

Research and Development Commitment
We entered into a Shareholder Loan Contract with GET, pursuantlong-term research and development agreement in June 2021, which includes obligations to which, GET provided a Shareholder Loanmake fixed quarterly payments over the next three years. As of September 30, 2023, the total research and development commitment amounted to BeiGene Biologics with the principal of RMB900 million at an 8% fixed annual interest rate. The term of the Shareholder Loan is 72 months, commencing from the actual drawdown date of April 14, 2017 and ending on April 13, 2023, unless converted earlier. On April 14, 2017, we drew down the entire RMB900 million from GET.

$16.5 million.

Capital Commitments

We had capital commitments amounting to $36.1$442.6 million for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment as of September 30, 2017,2023, which was primarilywere mainly for BeiGeneour Hopewell facility, and additional capacity at the Guangzhou Factory’sand Suzhou manufacturing facilityfacilities.
We are making a significant investment in Guangzhou, China.

Other Business Agreements

We enter into agreementsour future manufacturing and clinical R&D center in the normal courseUnited States, a 42-acre site that is being constructed in Hopewell, NJ. We purchased this site for $75.2 million, announced its groundbreaking on April 29, 2022 and have $419.5 million of business with CROs and institutionsconstruction in process related to license intellectual property.the project. We have not included these future payments inexpect continued significant capital expenditures as we build out the table of contractual obligations above sinceHopewell facility over the contracts are cancelable at any time by us with prior written notice.

next several years.

45


Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We did not have during the periods presented, and we do not currently have, any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined under SEC rules, such as relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, which are often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, established for the purpose of facilitating financing transactions that are not required to be reflected on our balance sheets.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP.(“GAAP”). The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates, assumptions and assumptionsjudgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, costs and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods.expenses. We evaluate our estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis, includingand our actual results may differ from these estimates. These include, but are not limited to, estimating the useful lives of long-lived assets, estimating variable consideration in product sales and collaboration revenue arrangements, estimating the incremental borrowing rate for operating lease liabilities, identifying separate accounting units and estimating the best estimatestandalone selling price of each deliverableperformance obligation in ourthe Company's revenue arrangements, assessing the impairment of long-lived assets, valuation and recognition of share-based compensation expenses, realizability of deferred tax assets and the fair value of warrant and option liabilities.financial instruments. We base our estimates on historical experience, known trends and events, contractual milestones and other various factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies fromas of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, as compared to those described in the section titled “Part II—II – Item 7—7 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our Annual Report. Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.
41

For financial statement items relating tonew accounting policies adopted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017,2023 , see the accounting policies described in “Notes“Part I – Item 1 – Financial Statements—Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—2. Summary1. Description of significantBusiness, Basis of Presentation and Consolidation and Significant Accounting Policies—Significant accounting policies” ofin this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for information regarding recent accounting pronouncements.

JOBS Act

Under Section 107(b) of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act, an “emerging growth company” can delay the adoption of new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards would apply to private companies. We have irrevocably elected not to avail ourselves of this exemption and, as a result, we will adopt new or revised accounting standards at the same time as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. For example, as an emerging growth company, we are exempt from Sections 14A(a) and (b) of the Exchange Act which would otherwise require us to (1) submit certain executive compensation matters to shareholder advisory votes, such as “say-on-pay,” “say-on-frequency” and “golden parachutes;” and (2) disclose certain executive compensation related items such as the correlation between executive compensation and performance and comparisons of our chief executive officer’s compensation to our median employee compensation. We also rely on an exemption from the rule requiring us to provide an auditor’s attestation report on our internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the rule requiring us to comply with any requirement that may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor’s report providing additional information about the audit and the financial statements, known as the auditor discussion and analysis.

We have determined that, as of June 30, 2017, we have at least $700 million of equity securities held by non-affiliates, and as such we will no longer qualify as an emerging growth company as of December 31, 2017. As a result,

46


we will no longer be able to take advantage of specified reduced disclosure and other requirements that are available to emerging growth companies after such date.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Interest and Credit Risk

Financial instruments that are potentially subject to credit risk consist of cash, and cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments. The carrying amounts of cash, and cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments represent the maximum amount of loss due to credit risk. We had cash and cash equivalents of $208.5$3.1 billion and $3.9 billion, restricted cash of $13.6 million and $87.5$5.5 million, and short-term investments of $548.9 million$0.1 billion and $280.7 million at$0.7 billion as of September 30, 20172023 and December 31, 2016,2022, respectively. At September 30, 2017, ourOur cash and cash equivalents wereequivalent are deposited with various major reputable financial institutions located in the PRC and international financial institutionswithin or outside of the PRC. The deposits placed with these financial institutions are not protected by statutory or commercial insurance. In the event of bankruptcy of one of these financial institutions, we may be unlikelyunable to claim our deposits back in full. We believe that these financial institutions are of high credit quality, and we continually monitor the credit worthiness of these financial institutions. AtOn September 30, 2017,2023, our short-term investments consisted primarily of U.S. Treasury securities and time deposits.treasury securities. We believe that the U.S. Treasurytreasury securities are of high credit quality and continually monitor the credit worthiness of these institutions.

The primary objectives of our investment activities are to preserve principal, provide liquidity, and maximize income without significant increasing risk. Our primary exposure to market risk relates to fluctuations in the interest rates, which are affected by changes in the general level of PRC and U.S. interest rates. Given the short-termshort‑term nature of our cash equivalents, we believe that a sudden change in market interest rates would not be expected to have a material impact on our financial condition and/or results of operation. We estimate that a hypothetical 100-basis point changeincrease or decrease in market interest rates would impact the fair valueresult in a decrease of $0.2 million or an increase of our investment portfolio$0.2 million, respectively, as of September 30, 2017 by $2.3 million.

2023.

We do not believe that our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments have significant risk of default or illiquidity. While we believe our cash, and cash equivalents, and short-term investments do not contain excessive risk, we cannot provide absolute assurance that in the future investments will not be subject to adverse changes in market value.

We had accounts receivable, net of $309.1 million and $173.2 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Accounts receivable, net represent amounts arising from product sales and amounts due from our collaboration partners. We monitor economic conditions to identify facts or circumstances that may indicate receivables are at risk of collection. To date, we have not experienced any significant losses with respect to the collection of our accounts receivable.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

We are exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from various currency exposures. Our functionalreporting currency is the U.S. dollar, but a portion of our operating transactions and assets and liabilities are in other currencies, such as RMB, Euro, and Australian dollardollar. While we hold significant amounts of RMB, and Euro. We do not believe that we currently have any significant directare subject to foreign currency exchange risk upon revaluation or translation into our reporting currency, we expect to utilize our existing RMB cash deposits in the operation of our China business over the next several years, and as a result, have not used any derivative financial instruments to hedge exposure to such risk.

RMB is not freely convertible into foreign currencies for capital account transactions. The value of RMB against the U.S. dollar and other currencies is affected by, among other things, changes in China’s political and economic conditions and China’s foreign exchange prices. From July 21,Since 2005, the RMB ishas been permitted to fluctuate within a narrow and managed band against a basket of certain foreign currencies. ForThe RMB compared to the RMB against U.S. dollars, there was appreciation ofdollar depreciated approximately 4.4%5.5% in the nine months ended September 30, 20172023 and depreciation ofdepreciated approximately 6.3%8.2% in the year ended December 31, 2016,2022, respectively. It is difficult to predict how market forces or PRC or U.S. government policy may impact the exchange rate between the RMB and the U.S. dollar in the future.

To the extent that we need to convert U.S. dollars into RMB for capital expenditures, and working capital and other business purpose,purposes, appreciation of RMB against the U.S. dollar would have an adverse effect on the RMB amount we would receive from the conversion. Conversely, if we decide to convert RMB into U.S. dollars for the purpose of making payments for dividends on our ordinary shares, strategic acquisitions or investments or other business purposes, appreciation of the U.S. dollar against RMB would have a negative effect on the U.S. dollar amount available to us.

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In addition, a significant depreciation of the RMB against the U.S. dollar may significantly reduce the U.S. dollar equivalent of our earnings or losses.

47


Currency Convertibility Risk

A majority of our expensesforeign cash balances and trade receivables. Further, volatility in exchange rate fluctuations may have a significant portion of our assets and liabilities are denominatedimpact on the foreign currency translation adjustments recorded in RMB. On January 1, 1994, the PRC government abolished the dual rate system and introduced a single rate of exchange as quoted daily by the People’s Bank of China, or PBOC. However, the unification of exchange rates doesother comprehensive income (loss). We have not imply that the RMB may be readily convertible into U.S. dollars or other foreign currencies. Allused derivative financial instruments to hedge exposure to foreign exchange transactions continue to take place either through the PBOC or other banks authorized to buy and sell foreign currencies at the exchange rates quoted by the PBOC. Approvals of foreign currency payments by the PBOC or other institutions require submitting a payment application form together with suppliers’ invoices, shipping documents and signed contracts.

Additionally, the value of the RMB is subject to changes in central government policies and international economic and political developments affecting supply and demand in the PRC foreign exchange trading system market.

risk.

Effects of Inflation

Inflation generally affects us by increasing our cost of labor and clinical trial costs. We do not believe that inflation has had a material effect on our results of operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

2023.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with

Based on their evaluation, required by paragraph (b) of Rules 13a-15 or 15d-15, promulgated under the participationSecurities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), our Chief Executive Officerprincipal executive officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness ofprincipal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act are effective, at a reasonable assurance level, as of September 30, 2017. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rule 13a‑15(e) under the Exchange Act means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed2023, to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the company in the reports that it fileswe file or submitssubmit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’sU.S. Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a companyus in the reports that it fileswe file or submitssubmit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’sour management, including itsour principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizesIn designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, our management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well-designedwell designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assuranceassurances of achieving theirthe desired control objectives, and management necessarily applieswas required to apply its judgment in designing and evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2017, our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d)13a‑15(d) and 15d-15(d)15d‑15(d) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the three monthsquarter ended September 30, 2017,2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

From time to time we may become involved in legal proceedings or be subject to claims arising in theof a nature considered ordinary course in our business, including the intellectual property litigation described herein. Most of our business. Wethe issues raised by such claims are not presentlyhighly complex and subject to substantial uncertainties. For a partydescription of risks relating to anythese legal proceedings, that, if determined adverselysee “Part II – Item 1A – Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report, including the discussion under the headings entitled “Risks Related to us, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, resultsOur Intellectual Property.” The outcome of operations, financial condition or cash flows.any such proceedings, regardless of the merits, is inherently uncertain; therefore, assessing the likelihood of loss and any estimated damages is difficult and subject to considerable judgment. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.

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ABRAXANE®

ABRAXANE in China supplied to us by Celgene Logistics Sàrl, a Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (referred to elsewhere in this report as BMS, but for this paragraph only, “BMS-Celgene”), we initiated an arbitration proceeding at the International Chamber of Commerce against BMS-Celgene (the “Arbitration”) asserting that it had breached and continued to breach the terms and conditions of the License and Supply Agreement entered into by BeiGene and BMS-Celgene in July 2017 (the “LSA”) and the Amended and Restated Quality Agreement (the “QA” and collectively with the LSA, the “BMS-Celgene License”). Under the BMS-Celgene License, we alleged that BMS-Celgene was obligated, among other things, to ensure the continuity and adequacy of its supply of ABRAXANE to us. In the Arbitration, we sought (i) a declaration that BMS-Celgene was and continued to be in breach of the BMS-Celgene License, (ii) a declaration that BMS-Celgene acted with gross negligence and/or willful misconduct, (iii) an award of damages, and (iv) such other relief as the arbitrators deemed appropriate. BMS-Celgene responded in part by submitting a counterclaim against us seeking to recover approximately $30 million in costs that it contends it incurred as part of the ABRAXANE recall. In October 2021, BMS-Celgene delivered a notice to us purporting to terminate the BMS-Celgene License with respect to ABRAXANE® and providing 180-days' notice that it was withdrawing ABRAXANE from the range of products for sale or distribution in China pursuant to Section 2.6 of the BMS-Celgene License. Thereafter, we amended our claims to add a claim for wrongful termination of the BMS-Celgene License with respect to ABRAXANE. A hearing was held in the Arbitration in June 2022.
Prior to a decision being issued in the Arbitration, on August 1, 2023, we entered into a Settlement and Termination Agreement (the “Settlement Agreement”) with BMS-Celgene and certain of its affiliates relating to the termination of the parties’ ongoing contractual relationship, the Arbitration, the LSA, the QA, and the Share Subscription Agreement (the “SSA”), entered into by the parties in 2017 and 2018. Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, the parties agreed to mutually dismiss the Arbitration and BMS-Celgene and its affiliates agreed to transfer 23,273,108 of our ordinary shares originally purchased in 2017, in each case subject to and in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Settlement Agreement. We have no payment obligation in exchange for the transferred shares pursuant to the Settlement Agreement. Furthermore, the parties agreed to terminate the LSA and QA on December 31, 2023, subject to our right to continue selling all inventory of REVLIMID® and VIDAZA® until sold out or December 31, 2024, whichever is earlier. The Settlement Agreement provides for a settlement and release by each party of claims arising from or relating to the Arbitration, the LSA, the QA and the SSA, as well as other disputes and potential disputes between the parties, in each case subject to and in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Agreement. The settlement closed on August 15, 2023, and the matter is concluded.
BRUKINSA®

On June 13, 2023, Pharmacyclics LLC (“Pharmacyclics”) filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware (the “Court”) against the Company and its subsidiary, BeiGene USA, Inc., alleging that BRUKINSA infringes Pharmacyclics’ U.S Patent No. 11,672,803 issued on June 13, 2023 (the “‘803 patent”). Pharmacyclics seeks a declaration of infringement, unspecified monetary damages and other relief. The Company intends to vigorously defend against the claims.

On October 12, 2023, the Court entered a joint stipulation filed by the parties to stay the infringement suit pending resolution of a petition for post-grant review (“PGR”) of the ‘803 Patent with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”) to be filed by the Company by November 3, 2023. On November 1, 2023, the Company filed a PGR petition against the ‘803 Patent with the USPTO.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

The following section includes the most significantmaterial factors that we believe may adversely affect our business and operations. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below and all information contained in this Quarterly Report, including our financial statements and the related notes and “Part I—I – Item 2—2 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
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Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” before deciding to invest in the ADSs.our ADSs, ordinary shares or RMB Shares. The occurrence of any of the events or developments described below could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects. In such an event, the market price of theour ADSs, ordinary shares or RMB Shares could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial also may impair our business operations.

Please refer to the explanation of the qualifications and limitation on forward-looking statements set forth at the outset of “Part I – Item 2 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

The risk factors denoted with a “*”, if any, are newly added or have been materially updated from our Annual Report.

Risks RelatedReport on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the “Annual Report”).

Summary of Risk Factors
Below is a summary of the material factors that make an investment in our American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) listed on Nasdaq, our ordinary shares listed on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited, and our ordinary shares issued to permitted investors in China and listed and traded on the Science and Technology Innovation Board of the Shanghai Stock Exchange in Renminbi (“RMB Shares”) speculative or risky. This summary does not address all of the risks that we face. Additional discussion of the risks summarized in this risk factor summary, and other risks that we face, are set forth herein and should be carefully considered, together with other information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our other filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), before making an investment decision regarding our ADSs, ordinary shares or RMB Shares.
Our Financial Positionmedicines may fail to achieve and Needmaintain the degree of market acceptance by physicians, patients, third-party payors, and others in the medical community necessary for Additional Capital

*commercial success.

We have limited experience in launching and marketing our internally developed and in-licensed medicines. If we are a globally focused biopharmaceutical companyunable to further develop marketing and have a limited operating history,sales capabilities or enter into agreements with third parties to market and sell our medicines, we may not be able to generate substantial product sales revenue.
We face substantial competition, which may make it difficultresult in others discovering, developing, or commercializing competing medicines before or more successfully than we do.
The market opportunities for our medicines may be limited to evaluatethose patients who are ineligible for or have failed prior treatments and may be small.
If we or any third parties with which we may collaborate to market and sell our currentmedicines are unable to achieve and maintain coverage and adequate levels of reimbursement, our commercial success and business operations could be adversely affected.
We depend substantially on the success of the clinical development of our medicines and predictdrug candidates. If we are unable to successfully complete clinical development, obtain regulatory approvals and commercialize our future performance.

We aremedicines and drug candidates, or experience significant delays in doing so, our business will be materially harmed.

Clinical development involves a globally focused biopharmaceutical company formed in October 2010. Our operations to date have focused on organizinglengthy and staffing our company, business planning, raising capital, establishing our intellectual property portfolioexpensive process with an uncertain outcome, and conducting preclinicalresults of earlier studies and trials may not be predictive of future trial results.
If clinical trials of our current drug candidates such as BGB-3111, BGB-A317, BGB-290fail to demonstrate safety and BGB-283. We haveefficacy to the satisfaction of regulatory authorities or do not yet demonstrated an ability to successfully complete large-scale, registrational clinical trials, obtain regulatory approvals, manufacture a commercial scale drug, or arrange for a third party to do so on our behalf, or conduct sales and marketing activities necessary for successful commercialization. We have not yet obtained regulatory approval for, or demonstrated an ability to commercialize, any of our internally developed drug candidates. We have no internally developed products approved for commercial sale and have not generated any revenue from internally developed product sales. Since September 2017, we have generated revenues from the sale of ABRAXANE®, REVLIMID®, and VIDAZA® under a license from Celgene Corporation as described in this Quarterly Report. Consequently, any predictions you make about our future success or viability may not be as accurate as they could be if we had a longer operating history. In addition, as an early-stage business,otherwise produce positive results, we may encounter unforeseen expenses, difficulties, complications,incur additional costs or experience delays and other known and unknown factors.

We are focused onin completing, or ultimately be unable to complete, the discovery, development and commercialization of innovative, molecularly targeted and immuno-oncology drugs for the treatment of cancers. Our limited operating history, particularlyour drug candidates.

If we encounter difficulties enrolling patients in lightour clinical trials, our clinical development activities could be delayed or otherwise adversely affected.
All material aspects of the rapidly evolving cancer treatment field,research, development, manufacturing and commercialization of pharmaceutical products are heavily regulated, and we may make it difficultface difficulties in complying with or be unable to evaluatecomply with such regulations, which could have a material adverse effect on our current businessbusiness.
The approval processes of regulatory authorities in the United States, China, Europe and predict our future performance. Our short history makes any assessment of our future success or viability subject to significant uncertainty. We will encounter risksother comparable regulatory authorities are lengthy, time consuming, costly, and difficulties frequently experienced by early-stage companies in rapidly evolving fields as we seek to transition to a company capable of supporting commercial activities.inherently unpredictable. If we do not address these risks and difficulties successfully,experience delays or are ultimately unable to obtain regulatory approval for our drug candidates, our business will suffer.

*be substantially harmed.

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Our medicines and any future approved drug candidates will be subject to ongoing regulatory obligations and continued regulatory review, which may result in significant additional expense and we may be subject to penalties if we fail to comply with regulatory requirements or experience unanticipated problems with our medicines and drug candidates.
Even if we are able to commercialize our medicines and any approved drug candidates, the medicines may become subject to unfavorable pricing regulations or third-party reimbursement practices or healthcare reform initiatives, which could harm our business.
We have a history of incurringincurred significant net losses since our inception and anticipate that we will continue to incur net losses for the foreseeable future.

Investment in pharmaceutical product development is highly speculative because it entails substantial upfront capital expenditures and significant risk that a drug candidate will fail to gain regulatory approval or become commercially viable. We have devoted most of our financial resources to research and development, including our nonclinical development activities and clinical trials. We continue to incur significant development and other expenses related to our ongoing operations. As a result, we are not profitable and have incurred losses in each period since our inception in 2010, except in the third quarter of 2017, where we were profitable due to revenue recognized from up-front license fees in connection with our strategic collaboration with Celgene. As of September 30, 2017, we had a deficit accumulated of $231.2 million. Substantially all of our operating losses have resulted from costs incurred in connection with our research and development programs and from selling, general and administrative costs associated with our operations.

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We expect to continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future and we expect these losses to increase as we continue our development of, and seek regulatory approvals for, our drug candidates, and begin to commercialize the approved drugs we have licensed from Celgene in China and any other drugs that we may successfully develop or license. Typically, it takes many years to develop one new drug from the time it is discovered to when it is available for treating patients. We may encounter unforeseen expenses, difficulties, complications, delays and other unknown factors that may adversely affect our business. The size of our future net losses will depend, in part, on the rate of future growth of our expenses, our ability to generate revenues and the timing and amount of milestones and other required payments to third parties in connection with our potential future arrangements with third parties. If any of our drug candidates fail in clinical trials or do not gain regulatory approval, or if approved, fail to achieve market acceptance, we may never become profitable. Even if we achieve profitability in the future, we may not be able to sustain profitability in subsequent periods. Our prior losses and expected future losses have had, and will continue to have, an adverse effect on our shareholders’ equity and working capital.

We expect our research and development expenses to continue to be significant in connection with our continued investment in our cancer biology platform and our ongoing and planned clinical trials for our drug candidates, such as BGB-3111, BGB-A317, BGB-290 and BGB-283. Furthermore, we expect to incur increased sales and marketing expenses for the approved drugs we have licensed from Celgene in China and any other drugs that we may successfully develop or license. In addition, we will continue to incur costs associated with operating as a public company and in support of our growth as a global biotechnology company. As a result, we expect to continue to incur significant and increasing operating losses and negative cash flows for the foreseeable future. These losses have had and will continue to have a material adverse effect on our shareholders’ deficit, financial position, cash flows and working capital.

*We may never become profitable.

Our ability to generate revenue and become profitable depends upon our ability to successfully complete the development of, and obtain the necessary regulatory approvals for, our drug candidates, such as BGB-3111, BGB-A317, BGB-290 and BGB-283 and successfully market our in-licensed drugs in China and any other drugs that we may successfully develop or license. We expect to continue to incur substantial and increasing losses through the commercialization of our in-licensed drugs and internally developed drug candidates, if approved. None of our internally developed drug candidates have been approved for marketing in the United States, the European Union, the People’s Republic of China, or PRC, or any other jurisdiction and may never receive such approval. Our ability to achieve revenue and profitability is in part dependent on our ability to complete the development of our drug candidates, obtain necessary regulatory approvals, and have our drugs manufactured and successfully marketed.

Even if we receive regulatory approval of our drug candidates for commercial sale, we do not know when they will generate revenue, if at all. Our ability to generate product sales revenue depends on a number of factors, including our ability to continue:

·

completing research regarding, and nonclinical and clinical development of, our drug candidates;

·

obtaining regulatory approvals for drug candidates for which we complete clinical trials;

·

obtaining adequate reimbursement from third-party payors, including government payors;

·

developing a sustainable and scalable manufacturing process for our drugs and drug candidates, including establishing and maintaining commercially viable supply relationships with third parties and establishing our own manufacturing capabilities and infrastructure;

·

launching and commercializing our drugs and any drug candidates for which we obtain regulatory approvals, either directly or with a collaborator or distributor;

·

obtaining market acceptance of our drugs and drug candidates as viable treatment options;

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·

identifying, assessing, acquiring and/or developing new drugs and drug candidates;

·

addressing any competing technological and market developments;

·

negotiating and maintaining favorable terms in any collaboration, licensing or other arrangements into which we may enter, such as our collaboration arrangements with Celgene and Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany;

·

maintaining, protecting and expanding our portfolio of intellectual property rights, including patents, trade secrets and know-how; and

·

attracting, hiring and retaining qualified personnel.

In addition, because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with drug development, we are unable to predict the timing or amount of increased expenses, or when, or if, we will be able to achieve or maintain profitability. In addition, our expenses could increase beyond expectations if we are required by the FDA, the CFDA, the EMA, or other comparable regulatory authorities to perform studies in addition to those that we currently anticipate. Even if our drug candidates are approved for commercial sale, we anticipate incurring significant costs associated with the commercial launch of these drugs.

Our ability to become and remain profitable depends on our ability to generate revenue. Even if we are able to generate revenues from the sale of our in-licensed drugs and any other drugs that we may successfully develop or license, we may not become profitable andprofitable.

We may need to obtain additional funding to continue operations. If we fail to become profitable or are unable to sustain profitability on a continuing basis, then we may be unable to continue our operations at planned levels and be forced to reduce our operations. Even if we do achieve profitability, we may not be able to sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis. Our failure to become and remain profitable would decrease the value of our company and could impair our ability to raise capital, expand our business or continue our operations. Failure to become and remain profitable may adversely affect the market price of the ADSs and our ability to raise capital and continue operations.

*We will need to obtain additional financing to fund our operations, and if we are unable to obtain such financing, we may be unable to complete the development and commercialization of our primary drug candidates.

We have financed our operations with a combination of equity and debt offerings, collaboration and license agreements, and private and public grants. Since our inception through September 30, 2017, we have raised approximately $1.0 billion, consisting of an aggregate of $180.0 million in private financings prior to our IPO; an aggregate of $553.3 million in our IPO and follow-on public offerings, including most recently $188.5 million in net proceeds in August 2017; $150.0 million from an equity investment from Celgene in connection with our collaboration agreement; and an aggregate of $300.0 million from upfront and milestone payments through our collaboration arrangements with Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany and Celgene, including $171 million in upfront license fees expected to be received under our Celgene agreement in December 2017. In addition, under our collaboration with Celgene, we are eligible to receive up to $980 million in development, regulatory and sales milestone payments and royalties in the low-double digit to mid-twenty percentages on any future sales of BGB-A317, based on specified terms.  While we have generated product revenue in China since September 2017 from sales of our approved drugs licensed from Celgene, our drug candidates will requireor achieve profitability.

If we are unable to obtain and maintain patent protection for our medicines and drug candidates through intellectual property rights, or if the completionscope of such intellectual property rights is not sufficiently broad, third parties may compete against us.
We rely on third parties to manufacture some of our commercial and clinical development, regulatory review, significant marketing efforts and substantial investment before they candrug supplies. Our business could be harmed if those third parties fail to provide us with sufficient quantities of product or fail to do so at acceptable quality levels or prices.
We have entered into licensing and collaboration arrangements and may enter into additional productcollaborations, licensing arrangements, or strategic alliances in the future, and we may not realize the benefits of such arrangements.
If we fail to maintain an effective distribution channel for our medicines, our business and sales revenue.

Our operationscould be adversely affected.

If third-party manufacturers fail to comply with manufacturing regulations, our financial results and financial condition could be adversely affected.
If we are not able to successfully develop and/or commercialize Amgen’s oncology products, the expected benefits of the collaboration will not materialize.
We have consumed substantial amounts of cash since inception. Our operating activities used $81.0 millionsignificantly increased and $63.4 million of net cash during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. We expect to continue to spend substantial amountsincrease our research, development, manufacturing, and commercial capabilities, and we may experience difficulties in managing our growth.
Our future success depends on drug discovery, advancingour ability to retain key executives and to attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel.
Our business is subject to complex and evolving industry-specific laws and regulations regarding the clinical developmentcollection and transfer of personal data. These laws and regulations can be complex and stringent, and many are subject to change and uncertain interpretation, which could result in claims, changes to our data and other business practices, significant penalties, increased cost of operations, or otherwise adversely impact our business.
We manufacture some of our drug candidates, commercializing our approved drugsmedicines and launching and commercializing any drug candidates for which we receive regulatory approval, including building our own commercial organizationintend to address China and other markets.

We will need to obtain additional financing to fund our future operations, including completing the development and potential commercialization of our primary drug candidates: BGB-3111, BGB-A317, BGB-290 and BGB-283. We

51


will need to obtain additional financing to conduct additional clinical trials for the approvalmanufacture some of our drug candidates, if requested byapproved. Failure to comply with regulatory bodies,requirements could result in sanctions being imposed against us and delays in completing theand receiving regulatory approvals for our manufacturing facilities, or damage to, destruction of or interruption of production at such facilities, could delay our development of any additional drug candidates we might discover. Moreover, our fixed expenses such as rent, interest expense and other contractual commitments are substantial and are expected to increaseplans or commercialization efforts.

Changes in the future.

Our forecastpolitical and economic policies of the periodPRC government or in relations between China and the United States or other governments, and the significant oversight and discretion the PRC government has over the conduct of time throughthe business operations of our PRC subsidiaries may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations and may result in our inability to sustain our growth and expansion strategies.

The audit reports included in our previous annual reports on Form 10-K filed with the SEC have historically been prepared by auditors who are not inspected fully by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, and as such, investors have previously been deprived of the benefits of such inspection.
The trading prices of our ordinary shares, ADSs, and/or RMB Shares can be volatile, which could result in substantial losses to you.
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Risks Related to Clinical Development and Commercialization of Our Medicines and Drug Candidates
Our medicines may fail to achieve and maintain the degree of market acceptance by physicians, patients, third-party payors, and others in the medical community necessary for commercial success.
Our medicines may fail to achieve and maintain sufficient market acceptance by physicians, patients, third-party payors, and others in the medical community. For example, current cancer treatments like chemotherapy and radiation therapy are well established in the medical community, and doctors may continue to rely on these treatments to the exclusion of our financial resourcesmedicines. If our medicines do not achieve and maintain an adequate level of market acceptance, the sales of our medicines may be limited and we may not generate significant product revenues and we may not become profitable. The degree of market acceptance of our medicines will be adequate to support our operations is a forward-looking statement and involves risks and uncertainties, and actual results could vary as a result ofdepend on a number of factors, including: the clinical indications for which our medicines are approved; physicians, hospitals, cancer treatment centers, and patients considering our medicines safe and effective; government agencies, professional societies, practice management groups, insurance carriers, physicians’ groups, private health and science foundations, and organizations recommending our medicines and reimbursement; the perceived advantages and relative cost of alternative treatments; the prevalence and severity of any side effects; product labeling, including limitations or warnings, or product insert requirements of regulatory authorities; the factors discussed elsewhere in this “Risk Factors” section. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong,timing of market introduction of our medicines as well as competitive medicines; the availability of adequate coverage, reimbursement and we could utilizepricing by third-party payors and government authorities; and the effectiveness of our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect. Our future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to:

·

the progress, timing, scope and costs of our clinical trials, including the ability to timely enroll patients in our planned and potential future clinical trials;

·

the outcome, timing and cost of regulatory approvals by the FDA, CFDA, EMA and comparable regulatory authorities, including the potential that the FDA, CFDA, EMA or comparable regulatory authorities may require that we perform more studies than those that we currently expect;

·

the number and characteristics of drug candidates that we may in-license and develop;

·

our ability to successfully commercialize our drugs and drug candidates;

·

the amount of sales and other revenues from the drugs and drug candidates that we may commercialize, if any, including the selling prices for such products and the availability of adequate third-party reimbursement;

·

the amount and timing of the milestone and royalty payments we receive from our collaborators under our licensing arrangements, such as our collaborations with Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany and Celgene;

·

the cost of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing any patent claims and other intellectual property rights;

·

selling and marketing costs associated with our current drug products in China and any future drug candidates that may be approved, including the cost and timing of expanding our marketing and sales capabilities;

·

the terms and timing of any potential future collaborations, licensing or other arrangements that we may establish;

·

cash requirements of any future acquisitions and/or the development of other drug candidates;

·

the costs of operating as a public company;

·

the cost and timing of development and completion of commercial-scale internal or outsourced manufacturing activities;

·

the time and cost necessary to respond to technological and market developments; and

·

the costs of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing any patent claims and other intellectual property rights.

Until we can generate a sufficient amount of revenue, we may finance future cash needs through public or private equity offerings, license agreements, debt financings, collaborations, strategic alliances and marketing or distribution arrangements. Additional fundsefforts.

Even if our medicines achieve market acceptance, we may not be availableable to maintain that market acceptance over time if new products or technologies are introduced that are more favorably received than our medicines, are more cost effective or render our medicines obsolete.
We have limited experience in launching and marketing our internally developed and in-licensed medicines. If we are unable to further develop marketing and sales capabilities or enter into agreements with third parties to market and sell our medicines, we may not be able to generate substantial product sales revenue.
We became a commercial-stage company in 2017, when we need them on terms that are acceptableentered into a license and supply agreement with Celgene Logistics Sàrl, now a Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (“BMS”), to us,commercialize three of BMS’s approved cancer therapies, in the People's Republic of China (“PRC” or at all. General“China”). In October 2019, we entered into a collaboration with Amgen for its commercial-stage oncology products and a portfolio of clinical- and late-preclinical-stage oncology pipeline products. We received the first approvals for our internally developed drug candidates in late 2019 in the United States, in 2020 in China, and in 2021 in Europe. Given this, we have limited experience in commercializing our internally developed and in-licensed medicines, including building and managing a commercial team, conducting a comprehensive market conditions or the market price of the ADSs may not support capital raising transactions such as an additional public or private offering of the ADSs or other securities. In addition,analysis, obtaining state licenses and reimbursement, and managing distributors and a sales force for our medicines. As a result, our ability to raise additional capitalsuccessfully commercialize our medicines may be dependent uponinvolve more inherent risk, take longer, and cost more than it would if we were a company with substantial experience in launching medicines.
If we are unable to, or decide not to, further develop internal sales, marketing, and commercial distribution capabilities for any or all of our medicines in any country or region, we will likely pursue collaborative arrangements regarding the ADSs being quoted on the NASDAQ or upon obtaining shareholder approval. Theresales and marketing of our medicines. However, there can be

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no assurance that we will be able to satisfyestablish or maintain such collaborative arrangements, or if we are able to do so, that they will have effective sales forces. We would have little or no control over the criteria for continued listing on the NASDAQ ormarketing and sales efforts of such third parties, and our revenue from product sales may be lower than if we had commercialized our medicines ourselves.

There can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain shareholder approval if it is necessary. If adequate funds are not available,further develop and successfully maintain internal sales and commercial distribution capabilities or establish or maintain relationships with third-party collaborators to successfully commercialize any medicine, and as a result, we may be required to delay or reduce the scope of or eliminate one or more of our research or development programs or our commercialization efforts. We may seek to access the public or private capital markets whenever conditions are favorable, even if we do not have an immediate need for additional capital at that time. In addition, if we raise additional funds through collaborations, strategic alliances or marketing, distribution or licensing arrangements with third parties, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies, future revenue streams or drug candidates or to grant licenses on terms that may not be favorableable to us.

generate substantial product sales revenue.

We believeface substantial competition, which may result in others discovering, developing, or commercializing competing medicines before or more successfully than we do.
The development and commercialization of new medicines is highly competitive. We face competition from major pharmaceutical companies, specialty pharmaceutical companies and biotechnology companies worldwide. There are a number of large pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies that currently market and sell medicines or are pursuing the development of medicines for the treatment of cancer for which we are commercializing our medicines or developing our drug candidates. For example, BRUKINSA, tislelizumab, and pamiparib face substantial competition, and some of our products face or are expected to face competition from generic therapies. Potential competitors also include academic institutions, government agencies and other public and private research organizations that conduct research, seek patent protection and establish collaborative arrangements for research, development, manufacturing, and commercialization.
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Our commercial opportunity could be reduced or eliminated if our competitors develop and commercialize medicines that are safer, more effective, have fewer or less severe side effects, are more convenient or are less expensive than our medicines. Our competitors also may obtain approval from regulatory authorities for their medicines more rapidly than we may obtain approval for ours, which could result in our competitors establishing a strong market position before we are able to enter the market and/or slow our regulatory approval.
Many of the companies against which we are competing or against which we may compete in the future have significantly greater financial resources and expertise in research and development, manufacturing, preclinical testing, conducting clinical trials, obtaining regulatory approvals and marketing approved medicines than we do. Mergers and acquisitions in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries may result in even more resources being concentrated among a smaller number of our competitors. Smaller and other early-stage companies may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly through collaborative arrangements with large and established companies. These third parties compete with us in recruiting and retaining qualified scientific, management and marketing personnel, establishing clinical trial sites and patient registration for clinical trials, as well as in acquiring technologies complementary to, or necessary for, our programs.
The market opportunities for our medicines may be limited to those patients who are ineligible for or have failed prior treatments and may be small.
In markets with approved therapies, we have and expect to initially seek approval of our drug candidates as a later stage therapy for patients who have failed other approved treatments. Subsequently, for those medicines that prove to be sufficiently beneficial, if any, we would expect to seek approval as a second-line therapy and potentially as a first-line therapy, but there is no guarantee that our existing cashmedicines and cash equivalents, will not be sufficient to enable us to complete all global development or commercially launch our current drug candidates, even if approved, would be approved for second-line or first-line therapy.
Our projections of both the currently anticipated indicationsnumber of people who have the diseases we are targeting, as well as the subset of people with these diseases in a position to receive later stage therapy and who have the potential to invest in additional programs. Accordingly, we will require further funding through other publicbenefit from treatment with our medicines and drug candidates, may prove to be inaccurate or private offerings, debt financing, collaborationbased on imprecise data. Further, new studies may change the estimated incidence or prevalence of these cancers. The number of patients may turn out to be lower than expected. Additionally, the potentially addressable patient population for our medicines and licensing arrangementsdrug candidates may be limited or other sources. Adequate additional funding may not be amenable to treatment with our medicines and drug candidates. Even if we obtain significant market share for our medicines and drug candidates, because the potential target populations are small, we may never achieve profitability without obtaining regulatory approval for additional indications, including use as a first- or second-line therapy.
*If we or any third parties with which we may collaborate to market and sell our medicines are unable to achieve and maintain coverage and adequate levels of reimbursement, our commercial success and business operations could be adversely affected.
Our ability or the ability of any third parties with which we collaborate to commercialize our medicines successfully will depend in part on the extent to which reimbursement for these medicines is available to us on acceptableadequate terms, or at all. If we are unableall, from government health administration authorities, private health insurers and other organizations. In the United States and markets in other countries, patients generally rely on third-party payors to raise capital when neededreimburse all or part of the costs associated with their treatment. Adequate coverage and reimbursement from governmental healthcare programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid, and commercial payors is critical to new product acceptance. Sales of our medicines will depend substantially, both domestically and abroad, on attractive terms, we wouldthe extent to which the costs of our medicines will be forced to delay, reducepaid by health maintenance, managed care, pharmacy benefit and similar healthcare management organizations, or eliminate our researchreimbursed by government health administration authorities, private health coverage insurers and development programs or future commercialization efforts. Our inabilityother third-party payors. Without third-party payor reimbursement, patients may not be able to obtain or afford prescribed medications. Third-party payors also are seeking to encourage the use of generic or biosimilar products or entering into sole source contracts with healthcare providers, which could effectively limit the coverage and level of reimbursement for our medicines and have an adverse impact on the market access or acceptance of our medicines. In addition, reimbursement guidelines and incentives provided to prescribing physicians by third party payors may have a significant impact on the prescribing physicians’ willingness and ability to prescribe our products. For additional funding when we need itinformation, please see the section of our Annual Report titled “Part I —Item 1 — Business — Government Regulation — Pharmaceutical Coverage, Pricing, and Reimbursement.”
A primary trend in the global healthcare industry is cost containment. Government authorities and these third-party payors have attempted to control costs by limiting coverage and the amount of reimbursement for particular medications.
In the United States, no uniform policy of coverage and reimbursement for drugs exists among third-party payors. As a result, obtaining coverage and reimbursement approval of a drug from a government or other third-party payor is a time-consuming and costly process that could seriously harm our business.

Raising additional capital may cause dilution to our shareholders, restrict our operations or require us to relinquish rightsprovide to each payor supporting scientific, clinical and cost- effectiveness data for the use of our technologies or drug candidates.

We may seek additional funding throughmedicines on a combination of equity offerings, debt financings, collaborationspayor-by-payor basis, with no assurance that coverage and licensing arrangements. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, your ownership interestadequate reimbursement will be diluted,obtained. The principal decisions about reimbursement for new medicines are typically made by the

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Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (the “CMS”). They decide whether and to what extent a new medicine will be covered and reimbursed under Medicare and private payors tend to follow CMS to a substantial degree. Factors payors consider in determining reimbursement are based on whether the terms may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect your rights asproduct is: a holder ofcovered benefit under its health plan; safe, effective and medically necessary; appropriate for the ADSs or our ordinary shares. The incurrence of additional indebtedness or the issuance of certain equity securities could result in increased fixed payment obligationsspecific patient; cost-effective; and could also result in certain additional restrictive covenants, such as limitations on our ability to incur additional debt or issue additional equity, limitations on our ability to acquire or license intellectual property rights and other operating restrictions that could adversely impact our ability to conduct our business. In addition, issuance of additional equity securities, or the possibility of such issuance, may cause the market price of the ADSs to decline. In the event that we enter into collaborations or licensing arrangements in order to raise capital, weneither experimental nor investigational.
Coverage may be required to accept unfavorable terms, including relinquishingmore limited than the purposes for which the medicine is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) or licensing tocomparable regulatory authorities in other countries. Even if we obtain coverage for a third party on unfavorable terms our rights to technologies or drug candidates that we otherwise would seek to develop or commercialize ourselves or potentially reservegiven medicine, the resulting reimbursement rates might not be adequate for future potential arrangements when we might be ableus to achieve more favorable terms.

Fluctuations in exchange rates could result in foreign currency exchange losses and could materially reduceor sustain profitability or may require co-payments that patients find unacceptably high. Additionally, third-party payors may not cover, or provide adequate reimbursement for, long-term follow-up evaluations required following the value of your investment.

We incur portionsuse of our expenses,medicines. Patients are unlikely to use our medicines unless coverage is provided and may in the future derive revenues, in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, in particular, the RMB and Australian dollars. As a result, we are exposedreimbursement is adequate to foreign currency exchange risk as our results of operations and cash flows are subject to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. For example,cover a significant portion of the cost of the medicine. Because some of our clinical trial activitiesmedicines and drug candidates have a higher cost of goods than conventional therapies and may require long-term follow-up evaluations, the risk that coverage and reimbursement rates may be inadequate for us to achieve profitability may be greater.

Net prices for drugs may be reduced by mandatory discounts or rebates required by government healthcare programs or private payors and by any future relaxation of laws that presently restrict imports of drugs from countries where they may be sold at lower prices than in the United States. Furthermore, payment methodologies may be subject to changes in healthcare legislation and regulatory initiatives.
We cannot be sure that reimbursement will be available for any product candidate that we commercialize and, if reimbursement is available, the level of reimbursement. In addition, many pharmaceutical manufacturers must calculate and report certain price reporting metrics to the government, such as average sales price and best price. Penalties may apply in some cases when such metrics are conducted outside ofnot submitted accurately and timely.
In China, drug prices are typically lower than in the United States and associated costs mayEurope, and until recently, the market has been dominated by generic drugs. Government authorities regularly review the inclusion or removal of medicines from China’s National Drug Catalog for Basic Medical Insurance, Work-related Injury Insurance and Maternity Insurance, or the National Reimbursement Drug List (the “NRDL”), or provincial or local medical insurance catalogues for the National Medical Insurance Program, and the tier under which a medicine will be incurredclassified, both of which affect the amounts reimbursable to program participants for their purchases of those medicines. There can be no assurance that our medicines and any approved drug candidates will be included in the local currencyNRDL or provincial reimbursements lists, or if they are, that they will be included at a price that allows us to be commercially successful. Products included in the NRDL have typically been generic and essential drugs. Innovative drugs similar to our medicines and drug candidates have historically been more limited on their inclusion in the NRDL due to the affordability of the countryChinese government’s Basic Medical Insurance, although this has been changing in which the trial is being conducted, which costs could be subject to fluctuations in currency exchange rates. We currently do not engage in hedging transactions to protect against uncertainty in future exchange rates between particular foreign currenciesrecent years. For example, BRUKINSA, tislelizumab, pamiparib, XGEVA and the U.S. dollar. A declineKYPROLIS have been included in the value ofNRDL. While the U.S. dollar against currencies in countries in which we conduct clinical trials could have a negative impact on our research and development costs. We cannot predict the impact of foreign currency fluctuations, and foreign currency fluctuationsdemand for these medicines has generally increased after inclusion in the future may adversely affect our financial condition, results of operationsNRDL, there can be no assurance that demand will continue to increase and cash flows.

The value ofsuch increases will be sufficient to offset the RMB against the U.S. dollar and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in political and economic conditions and the foreign exchange policy adopted by the PRC, Australia and other non-U.S. governments. For instance, in August 2015, the People’s Bank of China, or PBOC, changed the way it calculates the mid-point price of Renminbi against the U.S. dollar, requiring the market-makers who submit for reference rates to consider the previous day’s closing spot rate, foreign-exchange demand and supply as well as changes in major currency rates. It is difficult to predict how market forces or PRC, Australia, other non-U.S. governments and U.S.

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government policies may impact the exchange rate of RMB and the U.S. dollar or any other currenciesreduction in the future. There remains significant international pressure on the PRC government to adopt a more flexible currency policy, including from the U.S. government, which has threatened to label China as a “currency manipulator,” which could result in greater fluctuation of the RMB against the U.S. dollar.

It is difficult to predict how market forces or PRC, Australian, U.S. or other government policies may impact the exchange rate between the Australian dollar, RMB, U.S. dollar and other currencies in the future. There remains significant international pressure on the PRC government to adopt a more flexible currency policy, which could result in greater fluctuation of the RMB against the U.S. dollar. Substantially all of our revenues are denominated in U.S. dollarsprices and our costs are denominated in U.S. dollars, Australian dollars and RMB, and a large portion of our financial assets and a significant portion of our debt is denominated in U.S. dollars. Any significant revaluation of the RMB may materially reduce any dividends payable on the ADSs in U.S. dollars. To the extent that we need to convert U.S. dollars we received from our initial public offering and follow-on public offering into RMB for our operations, appreciation of the RMB against the U.S. dollar would have an adverse effect on the RMB amount we would receive. Conversely, if we decide to convert our RMB into U.S. dollars for the purpose of making payments for dividends on our ordinary shares or ADSs or for other business purposes, appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the RMB would have a negative effect on the U.S. dollar amount we would receive.

*Our investments are subject to risks thatmargins, which could result in losses.

We had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $757.4 million and $368.2 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. In addition, we expect to receive $171 million in upfront license fees under our Celgene collaboration in December 2017.  At September 30, 2017, our short-term investments mainly consisted of U.S. Treasury securities and time deposits. We may invest our cash in a variety of financial instruments, principally securities issued by the U.S. government and its agencies, investment grade corporate bonds, including commercial paper and money market instruments, which may not yield a favorable return to our shareholders. All of these investments are subject to credit, liquidity, market and interest rate risk. Such risks, including the failure or severe financial distress of the financial institutions that hold our cash, cash equivalents and investments, may result in a loss of liquidity, impairment to our investments, realization of substantial future losses, or a complete loss of the investments in the long-term, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, liquidityoperations. We prepare for the NRDL negotiations in China for our eligible medicines/indications annually. If any of these medicines/indications are not included in the NRDL or included at a significantly lower price, the revenues for such medicines could be limited, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Increasingly, third-party payors are requiring that companies provide them with predetermined discounts from list prices and are challenging the prices charged for medical products. We cannot be sure that reimbursement will be available for any medicine that we commercialize and, if reimbursement is available, what the level of reimbursement will be. Reimbursement may impact the demand for, or the price of, any medicine which we commercialize. Obtaining or maintaining reimbursement for our medicines may be particularly difficult because of the higher prices often associated with medicines administered under the supervision of a physician. If reimbursement is not available or is available only to limited levels, we may not be able to successfully commercialize any medicine and drug candidate that we in-license or successfully develop.
There may be significant delays in obtaining reimbursement for approved medicines, and coverage may be more limited than the purposes for which the medicine is approved by regulatory authorities. Moreover, eligibility for reimbursement does not imply that any medicine will be paid for in all cases or at a rate that covers our costs, including research, development, manufacture, sale and distribution. Interim payments for new medicines, if applicable, may also not be sufficient to cover our costs and may not be made permanent. Payment rates may vary according to the use of the medicine and the clinical setting in which it is used, may be based on payments allowed for lower cost medicines that are already reimbursed, and may be incorporated into existing payments for other services. Net prices for medicines may be reduced by mandatory discounts or rebates required by government healthcare programs or private payors and by any future weakening of laws that presently restrict imports of medicines from countries where they may be sold at lower prices than in the United States. Our inability to promptly obtain coverage and profitable payment rates from both government-funded and private payors for our medicines and
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any new medicines that we develop could have a material adverse effect on our business, our operating results, and our overall financial condition. Our primary exposure
We intend to seek approval to market risk relates to fluctuationsour medicines and drug candidates in the interest ratesUnited States, China, Europe and in other jurisdictions. In some countries, such as those in Europe, the pricing of drugs and biologics is subject to governmental control, which can take considerable time even after obtaining regulatory approval. Market acceptance and sales of our medicines will depend significantly on the availability of adequate coverage and reimbursement from third-party payors for our medicines and may be affected by existing and future health care reform measures.
We have operations in the United States, China, Europe, and other markets and plan to expand in these and new markets on our own or with collaborators, which exposes us to risks of conducting business in international markets.
We are currently developing and commercializing or plan to commercialize our medicines in international markets, including China, Europe and other markets outside of the PRCUnited States, either on our own or with third party collaborators or distributors. Our international business relationships subject us to additional risks that may materially adversely affect our ability to attain or sustain profitable operations, including:
efforts to enter into collaboration or licensing arrangements with third parties in connection with our international sales, marketing and distribution efforts may increase our expenses or divert our management’s attention from the acquisition or development of drug candidates;
difficulty of effective enforcement of contractual provisions in local jurisdictions;
potential third-party patent rights or potentially reduced protection for intellectual property rights;
unexpected changes in tariffs, trade barriers and regulatory requirements, including the loss of normal trade status between China and the United States. In orderStates or actions taken by U.S. or China governmental authorities on companies with significant operations in the U.S. and China, such as us;
economic weakness, including inflation;
compliance with tax, employment, immigration and labor laws for employees traveling abroad;
the effects of applicable non-U.S. tax structures and potentially adverse tax consequences;
currency fluctuations, which could result in increased operating expenses and reduced revenue;
workforce uncertainty and labor unrest;
failure of our employees and contracted third parties to managecomply with Office of Foreign Asset Control rules and regulations and the riskForeign Corrupt Practices Act and other anti-bribery and corruption laws;
business interruptions resulting from geo-political actions, including trade disputes, war and terrorism, public health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, or natural disasters, including earthquakes, volcanoes, typhoons, floods, hurricanes and fires; and
international military conflicts and related sanctions.
These and other risks, including the risks described in “Risks Related to Our Doing Business in the PRC”, may materially adversely affect our investments, we maintain an investment policy that, among other things, limits the amount that we may investability to attain or sustain revenue in any one issueinternational markets.
The illegal distribution and sale by third parties of counterfeit versions of our medicines or any single issuerstolen products could have a negative impact on our reputation and requires us to only invest in high credit quality securities. While we believebusiness.
Third parties might illegally distribute and sell counterfeit or unfit versions of our cash and cash equivalentsmedicines, which do not contain excessivemeet our or our collaborators’ rigorous manufacturing and testing standards. A patient who receives a counterfeit or unfit medicine may be at risk we cannot provide absolute assurance that in the future investments willfor a number of dangerous health consequences. Our reputation and business could suffer harm as a result of counterfeit or unfit medicines sold under our or our collaborators’ brand name(s). In addition, thefts of inventory at warehouses, plants or while in- transit, which are not be subject to adverse changes in market value.

Risks Related to Clinical Developmentproperly stored and which are sold through unauthorized channels, could adversely impact patient safety, our reputation and our business.

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Table of Our Drug Candidates

*Contents


We depend substantially on the success of our drug candidates, particularly BGB-3111, BGB-A317, BGB‑290 and BGB-283, which are inthe clinical development. Clinical trialsdevelopment of our medicines and drug candidates may not be successful.candidates. If we are unable to successfully complete clinical development, obtain regulatory approvals and commercialize our medicines and drug candidates, or experience significant delays in doing so, our business will be materially harmed.

Our business will dependdepends on the successful development, regulatory approval and commercialization of our drug candidates for the treatment of patients with cancer, particularly BGB‑3111, BGB-A317, BGB‑290 and BGB‑283, which are still in development,medicines and other drugsdrug candidates we may develop. We have invested a significant portion of our efforts and financial resources in the development of our existingmedicines and drug candidates. The success of our medicines and drug candidates including BGB‑3111, BGB-A317, BGB‑290 and BGB‑283, will dependdepends on several factors, including:

·

successful enrollment in, and completion of, clinical trials, as well as completion of preclinical studies;

·

receipt of regulatory approvals from the FDA, CFDA, EMA and other comparable regulatory authorities for our drug candidates, including our companion diagnostics;

successful enrollment in, and completion of, clinical trials, as well as completion of preclinical studies;

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favorable safety and efficacy data from our clinical trials and other studies;

receipt of regulatory approvals;
their duties to us in a manner that complies with our protocols and applicable laws and that protects the integrity of the resulting data;

·

establishing commercial manufacturing capabilities, either by building facilities ourselves or making arrangements with third-party manufacturers;

obtaining and maintaining patent, trade secret and other intellectual property protection and regulatory exclusivity;

·

relying on third parties to conduct our clinical trials safely and efficiently;

ensuring that we do not infringe, misappropriate or otherwise violate the valid patent, trade secret or other intellectual property rights of third parties;

·

obtaining and maintaining patent, trade secret and other intellectual property protection and regulatory exclusivity;

successfully launching our medicines and drug candidates, if and when approved;

·

protecting our rights in our intellectual property;

obtaining favorable reimbursement from third-party payors for our medicines and drug candidates, if and when approved;

·

ensuring we do not infringe, misappropriate or otherwise violate the patent, trade secret or other intellectual property rights of third parties;

competition with other products;

·

launching commercial sales of our drug candidates, if and when approved;

continued acceptable safety profile following regulatory approval; and

·

obtaining reimbursement from third-party payors for drug candidates, if and when approved;

manufacturing or obtaining sufficient supplies of our medicines, drug candidates and any competing drug products that may be necessary for use in clinical trials for evaluation of our drug candidates and commercialization of our medicines.

·

competition with other drug candidates and drugs;

·

continued acceptable safety profile for our drug candidates following regulatory approval, if and when received; and

·

obtaining sufficient supplies of any competitor drug products that may be necessary for use in clinical trials for evaluation of our drug candidates.

If we do not achieve and maintain one or more of these factors in a timely manner or at all, we could experience significant delays in our ability or be unable to obtain approvaladditional regulatory approvals for and/or to successfully commercialize our medicines and drug candidates, which would materially harm our business and we may not be able to generate sufficient revenues and cash flows to continue our operations.

We may not be successful in our efforts to identify or discover additional drug candidates. Due to our limited resources and access to capital, we must and have in the past decided to prioritize development of certain drug candidates; these decisions may prove to have been wrong and may adversely affect our business.

Although we intend to explore other therapeutic opportunities with our cancer biology platform in addition to the drug candidates that we are currently developing, we may fail to identify other drug candidates for clinical development for a number of reasons. For example, our research methodology may be unsuccessful in identifying potential drug candidates or those we identify may be shown to have harmful side effects or other characteristics that make them unmarketable or unlikely to receive regulatory approval. Specifically, we have focused on developing our cancer biology platform, which enables us to test a large panel of tumor models for sensitivity to the drug candidates we generated, identify targets to pursue, identify drug-resistance mechanisms, explore combination strategies and regimens, and improve our understanding of the contributions of tumor micro, or macro-environment in cancer treatments. If our cancer biology platform fails to identify potential drug candidates, our business could be materially harmed.

Research programs to pursue the development of our drug candidates for additional indications and to identify new drug candidates and disease targets require substantial technical, financial and human resources whether or not we ultimately are successful. Our research programs may initially show promise in identifying potential indications and/or drug candidates, yet fail to yield results for clinical development for a number of reasons, including:

·

the research methodology used may not be successful in identifying potential indications and/or drug candidates;

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·

potential drug candidates may, after further study, be shown to have harmful adverse effects or other characteristics that indicate they are unlikely to be effective drugs; or

·

it may take greater human and financial resources to identify additional therapeutic opportunities for our drug candidates or to develop suitable potential drug candidates through internal research programs than we will possess, thereby limiting our ability to diversify and expand our drug portfolio.

Because we have limited financial and managerial resources, we focus on research programs and drug candidates for specific indications. As a result, we may forego or delay pursuit of opportunities with other drug candidates or for other indications that later prove to have greater commercial potential or a greater likelihood of success. Our resource allocation decisions may cause us to fail to capitalize on viable commercial products or profitable market opportunities.

Accordingly, there can be no assurance that we will ever be able to identify additional therapeutic opportunities for our drug candidates or to develop suitable potential drug candidates through internal research programs, which could materially adversely affect our future growth and prospects. We may focus our efforts and resources on potential drug candidates or other potential programs that ultimately prove to be unsuccessful.

If we encounter difficulties enrolling patients in our clinical trials, our clinical development activities could be delayed or otherwise adversely affected.

The timely completion of clinical trials in accordance with their protocols depends, among other things, on our ability to enroll a sufficient number of patients who remain in the trial until its conclusion. We may experience difficulties in patient enrollment in our clinical trials for a variety of reasons, including:

·

the size and nature of the patient population;

·

the patient eligibility criteria defined in the protocol;

·

the size of the study population required for analysis of the trial’s primary endpoints;

·

the proximity of patients to trial sites;

·

the design of the trial;

·

our ability to recruit clinical trial investigators with the appropriate competencies and experience;

·

competing clinical trials for similar therapies or other new therapeutics;

·

clinicians’ and patients’ perceptions as to the potential advantages and side effects of the drug candidate being studied in relation to other available therapies, including any new drugs or treatments that may be approved for the indications we are investigating;

·

our ability to obtain and maintain patient consents;

·

the risk that patients enrolled in clinical trials will not complete a clinical trial; and

·

the availability of approved therapies that are similar in mechanism to our drug candidates.

Our clinical trials will compete with other clinical trials for drug candidates that are in the same therapeutic areas as our drug candidates, such as BGB‑3111, BGB-A317, BGB‑290 and BGB‑283, and this competition will reduce the number and types of patients available to us, because some patients who might have opted to enroll in our trials may instead opt to enroll in a trial being conducted by one of our competitors. Because the number of qualified clinical investigators is limited, we expect to conduct some of our clinical trials at the same clinical trial sites that some of our

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competitors use, which will reduce the number of patients who are available for our clinical trials at such clinical trial sites.

Even if we are able to enroll a sufficient number of patients in our clinical trials, delays in patient enrollment may result in increased costs or may affect the timing or outcome of the planned clinical trials, which could prevent completion of these trials and adversely affect our ability to advance the development of our drug candidates.

Some of our drug candidates represent a novel approach to cancer treatment that could result in delays in clinical development, heightened regulatory scrutiny, or delays in our ability to achieve regulatory approval or commercialization of our drug candidates.

Some of our drug candidates represent a departure from more commonly used methods for cancer treatment, and therefore represent a novel approach that carries inherent development risks. The need to further develop or modify in any way the protocols related to our drug candidates to demonstrate safety or efficacy may delay the clinical program, regulatory approval or commercialization, if approved. In addition, potential patients and their doctors may be inclined to use conventional standard-of-care treatments rather than enroll patients in any current or future clinical trial. This may have a material impact on our ability to generate revenues from our drug candidates. Further, given the novelty of our drug candidates, the end users and medical personnel may require a substantial amount of education and training.

*Clinical drug development involves a lengthy and expensive process with an uncertain outcome, and results of earlier studies and trials may not be predictive of future trial results.

Clinical testingdevelopment is expensive and can take many years to complete, and its outcome is inherently uncertain. Failure can occur at any time during the clinical trial process. The results of preclinical studies and early clinical trials of our drug candidates may not be predictive of the results of later-stage clinical trials.trials, and initial or interim results of a trial may not be predictive of the final results. Drug candidates in later stages of clinical trials may fail to show the desired safety and efficacy traits despite having progressed through preclinical studies and initial clinical trials. In some instances, there can be significant variability in safety and/or efficacy results between different trials of the same drug candidate due to numerous factors, including changes in trial procedures set forth in protocols, differences in the size and type of the patient populations, including genetic differences, patient adherence to the dosing regimen and other trial protocol elements and the rate of dropout among clinical trial participants. In the case of any trials we conduct, results may differ from earlier trials due to the larger number of clinical trial sites and additional countries and languages involved in such trials. A number of companies in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industriesour industry have suffered significant setbacks in advanced clinical trials due to lack of efficacy or adverse safety profiles, notwithstanding promising results in earlier trials. Our future clinical trial results may not be favorable.

Even if our future clinical trial results show favorable efficacy and durability of anti-tumor responses, not all patients may benefit. For certain drugs, including checkpoint inhibitors, and in certain indications, it is likely that the majority of patients may not respond to the agents at all, some responders may relapse after a period of response, and certain tumor types may appear particularly resistant.
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If clinical trials of our drug candidates fail to demonstrate safety and efficacy to the satisfaction of the FDA, CFDA, EMA or other comparable regulatory authorities or do not otherwise produce positive results, we may incur additional costs or experience delays in completing, or ultimately be unable to complete, the development and commercialization of our drug candidates.

Before obtaining regulatory approval for the sale of our drug candidates, such as BGB‑3111, BGB-A317, BGB‑290 and BGB‑283, we must conduct extensive clinical trials to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of our drug candidates in humans. Clinical testing is expensive, difficult to design and implement, can take many years to complete and is uncertain as to outcome. A failure of one or more of our clinical trials can occur at any stage of testing. The outcome of preclinical testing and early clinical trials may not be predictive of the success of later clinical trials, and successful interim results of a clinical trial do not necessarily predict successful final results.

We may experience numerous unexpected events during, or as a result of, clinical trials that could delay or prevent our ability to receive regulatory approval or commercialize our drug candidates, including:

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regulators, IRBs or ethics committees may not authorize us or our investigators to commence a clinical trial or conduct a clinical trial at a prospective trial site;

including but not limited to: regulators, institutional review boards (“IRBs”), or ethics committees may not authorize us or our investigators to commence a clinical trial or conduct a clinical trial at a prospective trial site; our inability to reach agreements on acceptable terms with CROs and trial sites, the terms of which can be subject to extensive negotiation and may vary significantly; manufacturing issues, including problems with manufacturing, supply quality, compliance with good manufacturing practice (“GMP”), or obtaining sufficient quantities of a drug candidate for use in a clinical trial or for commercialization; clinical trials of our drug candidates may produce negative or inconclusive results, and we may decide, or regulators may require us, to conduct additional clinical trials or abandon drug development programs; the number of patients required for clinical trials of our drug candidates may be larger than we anticipate, enrollment may be insufficient or slower than we anticipate or patients may drop out at a higher rate than we anticipate; our third-party contractors, including clinical investigators, may fail to comply with regulatory requirements or meet their contractual obligations to us in a timely manner, or at all; we might have to suspend or terminate clinical trials of our drug candidates for various reasons, including a finding of a lack of clinical response or other unexpected characteristics or a finding that participants are being exposed to unacceptable health risks; regulators, IRBs or ethics committees may require that we or our investigators suspend or terminate clinical research or not rely on the results of clinical research for various reasons, including noncompliance with regulatory requirements; the cost of clinical trials of our drug candidates may be greater than we anticipate; and the supply or quality of our medicines and drug candidates, companion diagnostics or other materials necessary to conduct clinical trials of our drug candidates or commercialization of our medicines may be insufficient or inadequate.

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·

clinical trials of our drug candidates may produce negative or inconclusive results, and we may decide, or regulators may require us, to conduct additional clinical trials or abandon drug development programs;

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the number of patients required for clinical trials of our drug candidates may be larger than we anticipate, enrollment may be insufficient or slower than we anticipate or patients may drop out at a higher rate than we anticipate;

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our third-party contractors, including clinical investigators, may fail to comply with regulatory requirements or meet their contractual obligations to us in a timely manner, or at all;

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we might have to suspend or terminate clinical trials of our drug candidates for various reasons, including a finding of a lack of clinical response or a finding that participants are being exposed to unacceptable health risks;

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regulators, IRBs or ethics committees may require that we or our investigators suspend or terminate clinical research for various reasons, including noncompliance with regulatory requirements;

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the cost of clinical trials of our drug candidates may be greater than we anticipate;

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the supply or quality of our drug candidates, companion diagnostics or other materials necessary to conduct clinical trials of our drug candidates may be insufficient or inadequate; and

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our drug candidates may cause adverse affects, have undesirable side effects or other unexpected characteristics, causing us or our investigators to suspend or terminate the trials.

If we are required to conduct additional clinical trials or other testing of our drug candidates beyond those that we currently contemplate, if we are unable to successfully complete clinical trials of our drug candidates or other testing, if the results of these trials or tests are not positive or are only modestly positive or if they raise safety concerns, we may:

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may be delayed in obtaining regulatory approval for our drug candidates;

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not obtain regulatory approval at all;

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obtain approval for indications that are not as broad as intended;

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have the drug removed from the market after obtaining regulatory approval;

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be subject to additional post-marketing testing requirements;

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be subject to restrictions on how the drug is distributed or used; or

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be unable to obtain reimbursement for use of the drug.

Delays in testing or approvals may result in increases in our drug development costs. We docandidates, or not know whether any clinical trials will beginobtain regulatory approval at all; obtain approval for indications that are not as planned, will needbroad as intended; have the drug removed from the market after obtaining regulatory approval; be subject to additional post-marketing testing requirements; be restructuredsubject to warning labels or willrestrictions on how the drug is distributed or used; or be completed on schedule,unable to obtain reimbursement or obtain reimbursement at all.

a commercially viable level for use of the drug.

Significant clinical trial delays may also increase our development costs and could shorten any periods during which we have the exclusive right to commercialize our drug candidates or allow our competitors to bring drugs to market before we do anddo. This could impair our ability to commercialize our drug candidates and may harm our business and results of operations.

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Risks Related to Obtaining Regulatory Approval for Our Drug Candidates

The regulatory approval processes of the FDA, CFDA, EMA and other comparable regulatory authorities are lengthy, time consuming and inherently unpredictable, and if we are ultimately unable to obtain regulatory approval for our drug candidates, our business will be substantially harmed.

The time required to obtain approval by the FDA, CFDA, EMA and other comparable regulatory authorities is unpredictable but typically takes many years following the commencement of preclinical studies and clinical trials and depends upon numerous factors, including the substantial discretion of the regulatory authorities. In addition, approval policies, regulations or the type and amount of clinical data necessary to gain approval may change during the course of a drug candidate’s clinical development and may vary among jurisdictions. We have not obtained regulatory approval for any drug candidate, and it is possible that none of our existing drug candidates or any drug candidates we may discover, in-license or acquire and seek to develop in the future will ever obtain regulatory approval.

Our drug candidates could fail to receive regulatory approval from the FDA, CFDA, EMA or a comparable regulatory authority for many reasons, including:

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disagreement with the design or implementation of our clinical trials;

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failure to demonstrate that a drug candidate is safe and effective or that a biologic drug candidate is safe, pure, and potent for its proposed indication;

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failure of clinical trial results to meet the level of statistical significance required for approval;

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failure to demonstrate that a drug candidate’s clinical and other benefits outweigh its safety risks;

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data integrity issues related to our clinical trials;

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disagreement with our interpretation of data from preclinical studies or clinical trials;

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the insufficiency of data collected from clinical trials of our drug candidates to support the submission and filing of a New Drug Application, or NDA; Biologics License Application, or BLA; or other submission or to obtain regulatory approval;

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the FDA, CFDA, EMA or comparable regulatory authority’s finding of deficiencies related to the manufacturing processes or facilities of third-party manufacturers with whom we contract for clinical and commercial supplies; and

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changes in approval policies or regulations that render our preclinical and clinical data insufficient for approval.

The FDA, CFDA, EMA or a comparable regulatory authority may require more information, including additional preclinical or clinical data, to support approval, which may delay or prevent approval and our commercialization plans, or we may decide to abandon the development program. If we were to obtain approval, regulatory authorities may approve any of our drug candidates for fewer or more limited indications than we request, may grant approval contingent on the performance of costly post-marketing clinical trials, or may approve a drug candidate with a label that is not desirable for the successful commercialization of that drug candidate. In addition, if our drug candidate produces undesirable side effects or safety issues, the FDA may require the establishment of a Risk Evaluation Mitigation Strategy, or REMS, or the CFDA, EMA or a comparable regulatory authority may require the establishment of a similar strategy, that may, for instance, restrict distribution of our drugs and impose burdensome implementation requirements on us. Any of the foregoing scenarios could materially harm the commercial prospects of our drug candidates.

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*Regulatory approval may be substantially delayed or may not be obtained for one or all of our drug candidates if regulatory authorities require additional time or studies to assess the safety and efficacy of our drug candidates.

We may be unable to initiate or complete development of our drug candidates, such as BGB‑3111, BGB-A317, BGB‑290 and BGB‑283, on schedule, if at all. If regulatory authorities require additional time or studies to assess the safety or efficacy of our drug candidates, we may not have or be able to obtain adequate funding to complete the necessary steps for approval for any or all of our drug candidates. Preclinical studies and clinical trials required to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of our drug candidates are time consuming and expensive and together take several years or more to complete. Delaysencounter difficulties enrolling patients in clinical trials, regulatory approvals or rejections of applications for regulatory approval in the United States, Australia, New Zealand, the PRC, Europe or other markets may result from many factors, including:

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our inability to obtain sufficient funds required for a clinical trial;

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regulatory requests for additional analyses, reports, data, nonclinical studies and clinical trials;

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regulatory questions regarding interpretations of data and results and the emergence of new information regarding our drug candidates or other products;

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clinical holds, other regulatory objections to commencing or continuing a clinical trial or the inability to obtain regulatory approval to commence a clinical trial in countries that require such approvals;

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failure to reach agreement with the FDA, CFDA, EMA or other regulators regarding the scope or design of our clinical trials;

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delay or failure in obtaining authorization to commence a trial or inability to comply with conditions imposed by a regulatory authority regarding the scope or design of a clinical trial;

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our inability to enroll a sufficient number of patients who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria in a clinical trial;

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our inability to conduct a clinical trial in accordance with regulatory requirements or our clinical trial protocols;

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clinical sites and investigators deviating from a trial protocol, failing to conduct the trial in accordance with regulatory requirements, or dropping out of a trial;

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withdrawal of clinical trial sites from our clinical trials as a result of changing standards of care or the ineligibility of a site to participate in our clinical trials;

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inability to identify and maintain a sufficient number of trial sites, many of which may already be engaged in other clinical trial programs, including some that may be for the same indication;

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failure of our third-party contract research organizations, or CROs, to satisfy their contractual duties or regulatory requirements or meet expected deadlines;

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delay or failure in adding new clinical trial sites;

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ambiguous or negative interim results, or results that are inconsistent with earlier results;

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unfavorable or inconclusive results of clinical trials and supportive nonclinical studies, including unfavorable results regarding effectiveness of drug candidates during clinical trials;

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feedback from the FDA, CFDA, EMA, an IRB, data safety monitoring boards, or comparable entities, or results from earlier stage or concurrent preclinical studies and clinical trials, that might require modification to the protocol;

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unacceptable risk-benefit profile or unforeseen safety issues or adverse side effects;

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decision by the FDA, CFDA, EMA, an IRB, comparable entities, or us, or recommendation by a data safety monitoring board or comparable regulatory entity, to suspend or terminate clinical trials at any time for safety issues or for any other reason;

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failure to demonstrate a benefit from using a drug or biologic;

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lack of adequate funding to continue the clinical trial due to unforeseen costs or other business decisions;

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our inability to reach agreements on acceptable terms with prospective CROs and trial sites, the terms of which can be subject to extensive negotiation and may vary significantly among different CROs and trial sites;

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our inability to obtain approval from IRBs or ethics committees to conduct clinical trials at their respective sites;

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manufacturing issues, including problems with manufacturing or timely obtaining from third parties sufficient quantities of a drug candidate for use in a clinical trial; and

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difficulty in maintaining contact with patients after treatment, resulting in incomplete data.

Changes in regulatory requirements and guidance may also occur, and we may need to amend clinical trial protocols submitted to applicable regulatory authorities to reflect these changes. Amendments may require us to resubmit clinical trial protocols to IRBs or ethics committees for re-examination, which may impact the costs, timing or successful completion of a clinical trial.

If we experience delays in the completion of, or the termination of, a clinical trial, of any of our drug candidates, the commercial prospects of our drug candidates will be harmed, and our ability to generate product sales revenues from any of those drug candidates will be delayed. In addition, any delays in completing our clinical trials, will increase our costs, slow down our drug candidateclinical development and approval process, and jeopardize our ability to commence internally developed product sales and generate related revenues. Any of these occurrences may harm our business, financial condition and prospects significantly. In addition, many of the factors that cause,activities could be delayed or lead to, a delay in the commencement orotherwise adversely affected.

The timely completion of clinical trials may also ultimately lead to the denial of regulatory approval of our drug candidates.

If we are required to conduct additional clinical trials orin accordance with their protocols depends, among other studies with respect to any of our drug candidates beyond those that we initially contemplated, if we are unable to successfully complete our clinical trials or other studies or if the results of these studies are not positive or are only modestly positive, we may be delayed in obtaining regulatory approval for that drug candidate, we may not be able to obtain regulatory approval at all or we may obtain approval for indications that are not as broad as intended. Our drug development costs will also increase if we experience delays in testing or approvals, and we may not have sufficient funding to complete the testing and approval process. Significant clinical trial delays could allow our competitors to bring drugs to market before we do and impair our ability to commercialize our drugs, if and when approved. If any of this occurs, our business will be materially harmed.

*Failure to successfully validate, develop and obtain regulatory approval for companion diagnostics could harm our drug development strategy.

As one of the key elements of our clinical development strategy, we seek to identify patient subsets within a disease category who may derive selective and meaningful benefit from the drug candidates we are developing. In collaboration

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with partners, we plan to develop companion diagnostics to help us to more accurately identify patients within a particular subset, both during our clinical trials and in connection with the commercialization of our drug candidates, if approved. Companion diagnostics are subject to regulation by the FDA, CFDA, EMA and other comparable regulatory authorities and require separate regulatory approval or clearance prior to commercialization. We do not develop companion diagnostics internally, and thus we are dependent on the sustained cooperation and effort of our third-party collaborators in developing and obtaining approval or clearance for these companion diagnostics. We and our collaborators may encounter difficulties in developing and obtaining approval or clearance of the companion diagnostics, including issues relating to selectivity/specificity, analytical validation, reproducibility or clinical validation. Any delay or failure by our collaborators to develop or obtain regulatory approval or clearance of the companion diagnostics could delay or prevent approval of our drug candidates. In addition, our collaborators may encounter production difficulties that could constrain the supply of the companion diagnostics, and both they and we may have difficulties gaining acceptance of the use of the companion diagnostics in the clinical community. A failure of such companion diagnostics to gain market acceptance would have an adverse effectthings, on our ability to derive revenuesenroll a sufficient number of patients who remain in the trial until its conclusion. We have and may continue to experience difficulties in patient enrollment in our clinical trials for a variety of reasons, including the size and nature of the patient population and the patient eligibility criteria defined in the protocol, competition from sales of our drugs. In addition, the diagnostic companycompeting companies, and natural disasters or public health epidemics.

Our clinical trials will likely compete with whom we contract may decide to discontinue selling or manufacturing the diagnostic we anticipate using in connection with development and commercialization of ourother clinical trials for drug candidates or our relationship with such diagnostic company may otherwise terminate. We may not be able to enter into arrangements with another diagnostic company to obtain supplies of an alternative diagnostic test for usethat are in connection with the development and commercialization of our drug candidates or do so on commercially reasonable terms, which could adversely affect and/or delay the development or commercialization of our drug candidates.

*Our drug candidates may cause undesirable adverse events or have other properties that could interrupt, delay or halt clinical trials, delay or prevent regulatory approval, limit the commercial profile of an approved label, or result in significant negative consequences following any regulatory approval.

Undesirable adverse events, or AEs, caused by our drug candidates could cause us or regulatory authorities to interrupt, delay or halt clinical trials and could result in a more restrictive label or the delay or denial of regulatory approval by the FDA, CFDA, EMA or other comparable regulatory authority. Results of our trials could reveal a high and unacceptable severity or prevalence of AEs. In such an event, our trials could be suspended or terminated and the FDA, CFDA, EMA or other comparable regulatory authorities could order us to cease further development of, or deny approval of, our drug candidates for any or all targeted indications.

Treatment-related serious adverse events, or SAEs, that have been reported in our monotherapy clinical trials include the following:  (i) for BGB-3111, petechiae (spots that appear on the skinsame therapeutic areas as a result of bleeding), purpura (subcutaneous bleeding), bruising, other serious hemorrhage (grade 3 hemorrhage or central nervous system, or CNS, hemorrhage of any grade), atrial fibrillation, diarrhea, haemothorax, colitis, febrile neutropenia, neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, pneumonia, renal hematoma, urinary tract infection, pneumonitis, leukocytosis, lymphocytosis, toxic epidermal necrolsysis and headache; (ii) for BGB-A317, colitis, hypotension, diarrhea, diabetes mellitus, diabetic ketoacidosis, dyspnea, hypoxia, pneumonitis, fatigue, alanine aminotransferase, or ALT, increase, aspartate aminotransferase, or AST, increase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, or GGT, increase, autoimmune pancreatitis, back pain, dermatitis, hyperglycaemia, hyperthyroidism, nausea, proteinuria, stomatitis, bilirubin increase, leukopenia, neutropenia, pyrexia, mucosal inflammation and hepatitis; (iii) for BGB-290, anemia, neutropenia, nausea, vomiting, thrombocytopenia, diarrhea, fatigue, neutropenia and acute myeloid leukemia / myelodysplastic syndrome; and (iv) for BGB-283, thrombocytopenia, fatigue, nausea, anemia, neutropenia, vomiting, hepatitis, ALT increase, AST increase, GGT increase, pyrexia, decreased appetite, hypophosphataemia, hand-foot syndrome, hypertension, weight decrease, lymphopenia, leukopenia, and constipation.

In addition, treatment-related SAEs that have been reported in our combination clinical trials include the following:  (i) for the BGB-3111 and obinutuzumab combination, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, pneumonia, infusion-related reaction, and serious hemorrhage, including one report of a grade 3 intracranial hemorrhage SAE, which is possibly drug related, in one Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma patient that caused the patient’s treatment with BGB-3111 to be interrupted; (ii) for the BGB-3111 and BGB-A317 combination, haemolytic anaemia, pneumonia, pneumonitis, anemia, autoimmune encephalitis, dyspnea, ALT increase, GGT increase, infusion-related reaction, peripheral edema, pyrexia, thrombocytopenia, limb abscess, ulcerative keratitis, catheter site hemorrhage, hemolytic transfusion reaction, nausea,

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lymph gland infection and eczema; and (iii) for the BGB-290 and BGB-A317 combination, nausea, vomiting, hepatitis, ALT increase, AST increase, GGT increase, fatigue, anemia, liver injury, hypophysitis, and neutropenia.

Drug-related AEs or SAEs could affect patient recruitment or the ability of enrolled subjects to complete the trial, and could result in potential product liability claims. Any of these occurrences may harm our reputation, business, financial condition and prospects significantly.

Additionally, if we or others identify undesirable side effects caused by our drugs or any future approved drug candidates, a number of potentially significant negative consequences could result, including:

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we may suspend marketing of the drug;

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regulatory authorities may withdraw approvals or revoke licenses of the drug;

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regulatory authorities may require additional warnings on the label;

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we may be required to develop a REMS for the drug, as is the case with REVLIMID®, or, if a REMS is already in place, to incorporate additional requirements under the REMS, or to develop a similar strategy as required by a comparable regulatory authority;

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we may be required to conduct post-market studies;

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we could be sued and held liable for harm caused to subjects or patients; and

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our reputation may suffer.

Any of these events could prevent us from achieving or maintaining market acceptance of the particular drug or drug candidate, and could significantly harm our business, results of operations and prospects.

Further, combination therapy, such as using our wholly-owned drug candidates as well as third-party products, involves unique AEs that could be exacerbated compared to AEs from monotherapies. These types of AEs could be caused by our drug candidates, and could also causethis competition will reduce the number and types of patients available to us, or regulatory authoritiesbecause some patients who might have opted to interrupt, delay or halt clinicalenroll in our trials and could resultmay instead opt to enroll in a more restrictive label or the delay or denial of regulatory approvaltrial being conducted by the FDA, CFDA, EMA or other comparable regulatory authority. Results of our trials could reveal a high and unacceptable severity or prevalence of AEs.

A Fast Track Designation by the FDA, even if granted for any of our drug candidates, may not lead to a faster development or regulatory review or approval process, and does not increase the likelihood that our drug candidates will receive regulatory approval.

We do not currently have Fast Track Designation for any of our drug candidates, but may seek such designation in the future. If a drug is intended for the treatment of a serious or life-threatening condition and the drug demonstrates the potential to address unmet medical need for that condition, the drug sponsor may apply for FDA Fast Track Designation. The FDA has broad discretion whether or not to grant this designation. Even if we believe a particular drug candidate is eligible for this designation, we cannot assure you that the FDA would decide to grant it. Even if we do receive Fast Track Designation, we may not experience a faster development process, review or approval compared to conventional FDA procedures. The FDA may withdraw a Fast Track Designation if it believes that the designation is no longer supported by data from our clinical development program. Many drugs that have received Fast Track Designation have failed to obtain approval from the FDA.

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A Breakthrough Therapy Designation by the FDA, even if granted for any of our drug candidates, may not lead to a faster development or regulatory review or approval process, and does not increase the likelihood that our drug candidates will receive regulatory approval.

We do not currently have Breakthrough Therapy Designation for any of our drug candidates, but may seek it in the future. A Breakthrough Therapy is defined as a drug that is intended, alone or in combination with one or more other drugs, to treat a serious or life-threatening disease or condition, and preliminary clinical evidence indicates that the drug may demonstrate substantial improvement over existing therapies on one or more clinically significant endpoints, such as substantial treatment effects observed early in clinical development. For drugs that have been designated as Breakthrough Therapies, interaction and communication between the FDA and the sponsor can help to identify the most efficient path for development.

Designation as a Breakthrough Therapy is within the discretion of the FDA. Accordingly, even if we believe, after completing early clinical trials, that one of our drug candidates meetscompetitors. Because the criteria for designation as a Breakthrough Therapy, the FDA may disagreenumber of qualified clinical investigators and instead decide notclinical trial sites is limited, we expect to grant that designation. In any event, the receipt of a Breakthrough Therapy Designation for a drug candidate may not result in a faster development process, review or approval compared to drugs considered for approval under conventional FDA procedures and does not assure ultimate approval by the FDA. In addition, even if one or more of our drug candidates qualify as Breakthrough Therapies, the FDA may later decide that such drug candidates no longer meet the conditions for qualification.

*We may seek orphan drug designation and exclusivity forconduct some of our drug candidates, and we may be unsuccessful.

Regulatory authorities in some jurisdictions, including the United States and Europe, may designate drugs for relatively small patient populations as orphan drugs. Under the Orphan Drug Act, the FDA may designate a drug as an orphan drug if it is a drug intended to treat a rare disease or condition, which is generally defined as a disease with a patient population of fewer than 200,000 individuals in the United States, or that affects more than 200,000 individuals in the United States and for which there is no reasonable expectation that costs of research and development of the product for the indication can be recovered by sales of the product in the United States. BGB‑3111 received orphan drug designation from the FDA for CLL, MCL and WM in 2016.

Generally, if a drug with an orphan drug designation subsequently receives the first regulatory approval for the indication for which it has such designation, the drug is entitled to a period of marketing exclusivity, which precludes the FDA or EMA, from approving another marketing application for the same drug for the same indication during the period of exclusivity. The applicable period is seven years in the United States and 10 years in Europe. The European exclusivity period can be reduced to six years if a drug no longer meets the criteria for orphan drug designation or if the drug is sufficiently profitable so that market exclusivity is no longer justified. Orphan drug exclusivity may be lost if the FDA or the EMA determines that the request for designation was materially defective or if the manufacturer is unable to assure sufficient quantity of the drug to meet the needs of patients with the rare disease or condition.

Even if we obtain orphan drug exclusivity for a drug candidate, that exclusivity may not effectively protect the drug candidate from competition because different drugs can be approved for the same condition and the same drugs can be approved for a different condition but used off-label for any orphan indication we may obtain. Even after an orphan drug is approved, the FDA can subsequently approve a drug that is otherwise the same drug for the same condition if the FDA concludes that the later drug is clinically superior in that it is shown to be safer, more effective or makes a major contribution to patient care.

*Our drugs and any future approved drug candidates will be subject to ongoing regulatory obligations and continued regulatory review, which may result in significant additional expense and we may be subject to penalties if we fail to comply with regulatory requirements or experience unanticipated problems with our drug candidates.

Our in-licensed drugs in China and any additional drug candidates that are approved will be subject to ongoing regulatory requirements for manufacturing, labeling, packaging, storage, advertising, promotion, sampling, record-keeping, conduct of post-marketing studies, and submission of safety, efficacy, and other post-market information,

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including both federal and state requirements in the United States and requirements of comparable regulatory authorities in China and other countries.

Manufacturers and manufacturers’ facilities are required to comply with extensive FDA, CFDA, EMA and comparable regulatory authority requirements, including, in the United States, ensuring that quality control and manufacturing procedures conform to cGMP regulations. As such, we and our contract manufacturers will be subject to continual review and inspections to assess compliance with cGMP and adherence to commitments made in any NDA or BLA, other marketing application, and previous responses to any inspection observations. Accordingly, we and others with whom we work must continue to expend time, money and effort in all areas of regulatory compliance, including manufacturing, production and quality control.

The regulatory approvals for our in-licensed drugs and any approvals that we receive for our drug candidates may be subject to limitations on the approved indicated uses for which the drug may be marketed or to the conditions of approval, or contain requirements for potentially costly post-marketing testing, including Phase 4 clinical trials and surveillance to monitor the safety and efficacy of the drug candidate. The FDA or comparable regulatory authorities may also require a REMS program as a condition of approval of our drug candidates or following approval, as is the case with REVLIMID®, which could entail requirements for long-term patient follow-up, a medication guide, physician communication plans or additional elements to ensure safe use, such as restricted distribution methods, patient registries and other risk minimization tools. In addition, if the FDA, CFDA, EMA or a comparable regulatory authority approves our drug candidates, we will have to comply with requirements including, for example, submissions of safety and other post-marketing information and reports, registration, as well as continued compliance with cGMP and GCP for any clinical trials that we conduct post-approval.

The FDA or comparable regulatory authorities may seek to impose a consent decree or withdraw marketing approval if compliance with regulatory requirements is not maintained or if problems occur after the drug reaches the market. Later discovery of previously unknown problems with our drug candidates, including AEs of unanticipated severity or frequency, or with our third-party manufacturers or manufacturing processes, or failure to comply with regulatory requirements, may result in revisions to the approved labeling to add new safety information; imposition of post-market studies or clinical studies to assess new safety risks; or imposition of distribution restrictions or other restrictions under a REMS program. Other potential consequences include, among other things:

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restrictions on the marketing or manufacturing of our drugs, withdrawal of the product from the market, or voluntary or mandatory product recalls;

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fines, untitled or warning letters, or holds on clinical trials;

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refusal by the FDA or comparable regulatory authorities to approve pending applications or supplements to approved applications filed by us or suspension or revocation of license approvals or withdrawal of approvals;

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product seizure or detention, or refusal to permit the import or export of our drug candidates; and

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injunctions or the imposition of civil or criminal penalties.

The FDA and other regulatory authorities strictly regulate the marketing, labeling, advertising and promotion of products that are placed on the market. Drugs may be promoted only for their approved indications and for use in accordance with the provisions of the approved label. The FDA, CFDA, EMA and other regulatory authorities actively enforce the laws and regulations prohibiting the promotion of off-label uses, and a company that is found to have improperly promoted off-label uses may be subject to significant liability. The policies of the FDA, CFDA, EMA and of other regulatory authorities may change and additional government regulations may be enacted that could prevent, limit or delay regulatory approval of our drug candidates. We cannot predict the likelihood, nature or extent of government regulation that may arise from future legislation or administrative action, either in the United States or abroad. If we are slow or unable to adapt to changes in existing requirements or the adoption of new requirements or policies, or if we are not able to maintain regulatory compliance, we may lose any regulatory approval that we may have obtained and we may not achieve or sustain profitability.

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In addition, if we were able to obtain accelerated approval of any of our drug candidates, the FDA would require us to conduct a confirmatory study to verify the predicted clinical benefit and additional safety studies. Other comparable regulatory authorities outside the United States, such as the CFDA or EMA, may have similar requirements. The results from the confirmatory study may not support the clinical benefit, which would result in the approval being withdrawn. While operating under accelerated approval, we will be subject to certain restrictions that we would not be subject to upon receiving regular approval.

Risks Related to Commercialization of Our Drug Candidates

*If we are not able to obtain, or experience delays in obtaining, required regulatory approvals, we will not be able to commercialize our drug candidates, and our ability to generate revenue will be materially impaired.

We currently do not have any drug candidates that have gained regulatory approval for sale in the United States, European Union, China or any other country, and we cannot guarantee that we will ever have marketable drugs that we are currently developing or may develop in the future. Our business is substantially dependent on our ability to complete the development of, obtain regulatory approval for and successfully commercialize drug candidates in a timely manner. We cannot commercialize drug candidates without first obtaining regulatory approval to market each drug from the FDA, CFDA, EMA and/or comparable regulatory authorities. BGB‑3111, BGB-A317, BGB‑290 and BGB‑283 are each currently undergoing clinical trials. We cannot predict whether these trials and future trials will be successful or whether regulators will agree with our conclusions regarding the preclinical studies and clinical trials we have conducted to date.

Before obtaining regulatory approvals for the commercial sale of any drug candidate for a target indication, we must demonstrate in preclinical studies and well-controlled clinical trials, and, with respect to approval in the United States, to the satisfaction of the FDA, that the drug candidate is safe and effective, or the biologic product candidate is safe, pure, and potent, for use for that target indication and that the manufacturing facilities, processes and controls are adequate. In the United States, we have not submitted an NDA or BLA for any of our drug candidates. An NDA or BLA must include extensive preclinical and clinical data and supporting information to establish, in the case of an NDA, the drug candidate’s safety and effectiveness or, in the case of a BLA, safety, purity and potency for each desired indication. The NDA or BLA must also include significant information regarding the chemistry, manufacturing and controls for the drug candidate. Obtaining approval of an NDA or BLA is a lengthy, expensive and uncertain process, and approval may not be obtained. If we submit an NDA or BLA to the FDA, the FDA decides whether to accept or reject the submission for filing. We cannot be certain that any submissions will be accepted for filing and review by the FDA.

Regulatory authorities outside of the United States, such as the CFDA and EMA, also have requirements for approval of drugs for commercial sale with which we must comply prior to marketing in those areas. Regulatory requirements can vary widely from country to country and could delay or prevent the introduction of our drug candidates. Clinical trials conducted in one country may not be accepted by regulatory authorities in other countries, and obtaining regulatory approval in one country does not mean that regulatory approval will be obtained in any other country. Approval processes vary among countries and can involve additional product testing and validation and additional administrative review periods. Seeking non-U.S. regulatory approval could require additional nonclinical studies or clinical trials, which could be costly and time consuming. The non-U.S. regulatory approval process may include all of the risks associated with obtaining FDA approval. For all of these reasons, we may not obtain non-U.S. regulatory approvals on a timely basis, if at all.

Specifically, in China, the CFDA categorizes domestically-manufactured innovative drug applications as Category 1 and imported innovative drug applications as Category 5. To date, most of local companies’ domestically-manufactured drug applications are filed in Category 1 if the drug has not already been approved by the FDA or EMA. Most multinational pharmaceutical companies’ drug registration applications are filed in Category 5 applicable to imported drugs, formerly known as Category 3 prior to the reclassification implemented by CFDA in 2016. These two categories have distinct approval pathways, as described in the section of our Annual Report titled “Item 1—Business—Regulatory Framework and Structural Advantages of Being a China-Based Research and Development Organization.” We believe the local drug registration pathway, Category 1, is a faster and more efficient path to approval in the Chinese market than Category 5. Companies are required to obtain Clinical Trial Application approval before conducting clinical trials in China. This registration pathway has a fast track review and approval mechanism if the drug candidate is on a national

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priority list. The imported drug registration pathway, Category 5, is more complex and is evolving. China Category 5 registration applications for certain drugs may only be submitted after a drug has obtained an NDA approval and received the Certificate of Pharmaceutical Product, or CPP, granted by a major drug regulatory authority, such as the FDA or EMA.

Further, in August 2015, the Chinese State Council issued a statement, Opinions on Reforming the Review and Approval Process for Pharmaceutical Products and Medical Devices that contained several potential policy changes that could benefit the pharmaceutical industry:

·

A plan to accelerate innovative drug approval with a special review and approval process, with a focus on areas of high unmet medical needs, including drugs for HIV, cancer, serious infectious diseases and orphan diseases, drugs on national priority lists.

·

A plan to adopt a policy which would allow companies to act as the marketing authorization holder and to hire contract manufacturing organizations to produce drug products.

·

A plan to improve the review and approval of clinical trials, and to allow companies to conduct clinical trials at the same time as they are being conducted in other countries and encourage local clinical trial organizations to participate in international multi-center clinical trials.

In November 2015, the CFDA released the Circular Concerning Several Policies on Drug Registration Review and Approval, which further clarified the following policies potentially simplifying and accelerating the approval process of clinical trials:

·

A one-time umbrella approval procedure allowing approval of all phases of a new drug’s clinical trials at once, rather than the current phase-by-phase approval procedure, will be adopted for new drugs’ clinical trial applications.

·

A fast track drug registration or clinical trial approval pathway will be available for the following applications: (1) registration of innovative new drugs treating HIV, cancer, serious infectious diseases and orphan diseases; (2) registration of pediatric drugs; (3) registration of geriatric drugs and drugs treating China-prevalent diseases in elders; (4) registration of drugs sponsored by national science and technology grants; (5) registration of innovative drugs using advanced technology, using innovative treatment methods, or having distinctive clinical benefits; (6) registration of foreign innovative drugs to be manufactured locally in China; and (7) concurrent applications for new drug clinical trials which are already approved in the United States or European Union or concurrent drug registration applications for drugs which have applied for marketing authorization and passed onsite inspections in the United States or European Union and are manufactured using the same production line in China; and (8) clinical trial applications for drugs with urgent clinical need and patent expiry within three years, and marketing authorization applications for drugs with urgent clinical need and patent expiry within one year.

In February 2016, the CFDA released the Opinions on Priority Review and Approval for Resolving Drug Registration Applications Backlog, which further clarified the following policies potentially accelerating the approval process of certain clinical trials or drug registrations:

·

A fast track drug registration or clinical trial approval pathway will be available for the following drug registration applications with distinctive clinical benefits: (1) registration application of innovative drugs not sold within or outside China; (2) registration application of innovative drugs transferred to be manufactured in China; (3) registration application of drugs using advanced technology, using innovative treatment methods, or having distinctive treatment advantages; (4) clinical trial applications for drugs with patent expiry within three years, and marketing authorization applications for drugs with patent expiry within one year; (5) concurrent applications for new drug clinical trials which are already approved in the United States or European Union, or concurrent drug registration applications for drugs which have applied for marketing authorization and passed onsite inspections in the United States or European Union and are manufactured using

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the same production line in China; (6) traditional Chinese medicines (including ethnic medicines) with clear clinical position in prevention and treatment of serious diseases; and (7) registration application of new drugs sponsored by national key technology projects or national key development projects.

·

A fast track drug registration approval pathway will be available for drug registration applications with distinctive clinical benefits for prevention and treatment of HIV, phthisis, viral hepatitis, orphan diseases, cancer, malignant neoplasms, children’s diseases, and geriatrics.

In March 2016, the CFDA released a circular, CFDA Announcement on Reforms of Pharmaceutical Registration Classification, which outlined the re-classifications of drug applications. Under the new categorization, innovative drugs that have not been marketed either within or outside China remain Category 1, while drugs marketed outside China seeking marketing approval in China are now Category 5.

However, because these laws and regulations in relation to such above-mentioned fast track clinical trial approval and drug registration pathway were newly issued and constantly evolving, uncertainty remains with respect to their implementation. We expect that the CFDA review and approval process will improve over time. However, how and when this approval process will be changed is still subject to further policies to be issued by the CFDA and is currently uncertain.

The process to develop, obtain regulatory approval for and commercialize drug candidates is long, complex and costly both inside and outside the United States and China, and approval is never guaranteed. Even if our drug candidates were to successfully obtain approval from the regulatory authorities, any approval might significantly limit the approved indications for use, or require that precautions, contraindications or warnings be included on the product labeling, or require expensive and time-consuming post-approval clinical trials or surveillance as conditions of approval. Following any approval for commercial sale of our drug candidates, certain changes to the drug, such as changes in manufacturing processes and additional labeling claims, may be subject to additional review and approval by the FDA, CFDA and EMA and comparable regulatory authorities. Also, regulatory approval for any of our drug candidates may be withdrawn. If we are unable to obtain regulatory approval for our drug candidates in one or more jurisdictions, or any approval contains significant limitations, our target market will be reduced and our ability to realize the full market potential of our drug candidates will be harmed. Furthermore, we may not be able to obtain sufficient funding or generate sufficient revenue and cash flows to continue the development of any other drug candidate in the future.

n April 2017, the NHFPC, Ministry of Finance, the National Development and Reform Commission and four other four government agencies jointly issued the Notice on Overall Implementation of Public Hospital Comprehensive Reform, or the Public Hospital Reform Notice. The Public Hospital Reform Notice requires all prefecture-level cities to formulate plans for full implementation of the urban public hospital reforms by July 31, 2017. According to the Public Hospital Reform Notice, the public hospital reform plans were to be implemented by September 30, 2017. Under the public hospital reform plan, public hospitals will no longer be able to sell all drugs, except for traditional Chinese medicines, at prices higher than they paid for purchasing the  drugs, also known as a zero-markup policy. The Public Hospital Notice also provides that the first four batches of public hospital reform cities should reduce the proportion of their drug sales-related income to around 30%. Because the zero-markup policy proposed by the Public Hospital Reform Notice has not taken effect nationwide, there is still substantial uncertainty with respect to the interpretation and implementation in different cities. However, the implementation of a zero-markup policy may disincentivize public hospitals to purchase and sell new drugs with high prices, which may negatively affect our business operations and financial performance.

In May 2017, the CFDA issued four draft policies for public comment, proposing further reforms in the current drug regulatory regime, including 2017 CFDA Circular 52, 2017 CFDA Circular 53, 2017 CFDA Circular 54 and 2017 CFDA Circular 55. These draft policies propose significant reforms in the areas of the new drug approval process, clinical trial regulation, life-cycle management and post-marketing, and regulatory data protection and patent linkage. These draft policies, if adopted as currently proposed, will further streamline and accelerate the market access of novel drugs, including domestic and foreign drug candidates. For example, 2017 CFDA Circular 52 proposes an accelerated approval regime for drugs meeting urgent clinical needs, under which drugs that meet urgent clinical needs may receive conditional approval, if the early and middle stage clinical trials show positive results and there is anticipated clinical

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value. Also, the National Health and Family Planning Commission, or NHFPC, will publish a list of orphan diseases. Applicants with drugs treating such orphan diseases may apply for a clinical trial waiver. If a new drug for orphan diseases has been approved outside China, the CFDA may grant a conditional approval, and the applicant must complete a trial in China within a prescribed timeframe after such approval. 2017 CFDA Circular 53 proposes to streamline the clinical trial approval process by adoption of a notification system for clinical trial applications, under which the applicants only need to wait for 60 business days before proceeding with the protocol, unless the Center for Drug Evaluation rejects the application or issues a deficiency notice during the 60-day period. 2017 CFDA Circular 53 also proposes that foreign clinical data be admitted to support registration of drugs in China, as long as (1) the clinical trial data satisfy the requirements under PRC regulations, (2) the trials pass the CFDA’s on-site inspection, and (3) applicants can provide clinical data to prove that no ethnicity difference affects the drug candidates’ safety and efficacy.

Based on the draft policies, in October 2017, the General Office of the State Council of China announced The Opinions on Deepening Review and Approval System Reform and Encouraging the Innovation of Drugs and Medical Devices, or the Opinions on Reform. The Opinions on Reform upholds the draft policies’ proposal to improve clinical trial approval procedures by adopting a notification system for clinical trial applications under which applicants may proceed with the protocol unless the drug evaluation authority issues a negative opinion or queries within a prescribed period. In addition, the Opinions on Reform upholds the draft policies’ proposal of conditional approval for drugs treating life-threatening diseases or meeting urgent public health needs. According to the Opinions on Reform, the marketing authorization holder system will roll out nationwide in China and marketing authorization holders will be held ultimately responsible for pre-approval and post-approval compliance obligations, as well as for the activities of their contracted research organizations, manufacturers and distributors. The Opinions on Reform are recently announced high-level opinions to be further supplemented and implemented with the adoption of the detailed draft policies proposed by the CFDA.

In October 2017, the CFDA issued the Decisions Concerning the Adjustment of Imported Drug Registration, or the Imported Drug Registration Adjustment Decisions. The Imported Drug Registration Adjustment Decisions (1) allow drugs to launch synchronized Phase 1 international multi-center clinical trials within and outside China, (2) allow applicants to apply for drug marketing approval upon completion of international multi-center clinical trials, and (3) remove the requirement of marketing authorization in the country or region of the foreign pharmaceutical manufacturers for new chemical drugs and therapeutic biological innovative drugs applying for imported drug clinical trials and imported drug marketing. Although the Imported Drug Registration Adjustment Decisions are newly issued and uncertainty remains with respect to their implementation, we expect the advantage of our conduct clinical trials as domestic drugs in China over imported drugs could be reduced with the implementation of Imported Drug Registration Adjustment Decisions.

A Category 1 designation by the CFDA may be revoked or may not be granted for any of our drug candidates or may not lead to faster development or regulatory review or approval process and does not increase the likelihood that our drug candidates will receive regulatory approval.

We believe the local drug registration pathway, Category 1, is a faster and more efficient path to approval in the Chinese market than the drug registration pathway for imported drugs under Category 5. Companies are required to obtain Clinical Trial Application approval before conducting clinical trials in China. This registration pathway has a fast track review and approval mechanism if the drug candidate is on a national priority list. Imported drug candidates under Category 5 cannot qualify for the national priority list to benefit from fast track reviews. Our drug candidates are all new therapeutic agents and we have built research and development, clinical trial capacities, and manufacturing facilities in China. As a result, we expect all of our current drug candidates to fall within the Category 1 application process, but cannot be sure we will be granted or be able to maintain Category 1 designation.

*Our drugs and any future approved drug candidates may fail to achieve the degree of market acceptance by physicians, patients, third-party payors and others in the medical community necessary for commercial success.

Our drugs and any future approved drug candidates may fail to gain sufficient market acceptance by physicians, patients, third-party payors and others in the medical community. For example, current cancer treatments like chemotherapy and radiation therapy are well established in the medical community, and doctors may continue to rely on

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these treatments to the exclusion of our drugs and drug candidates. In addition, physicians, patients and third-party payors may prefer other novel products to ours. If our drugs and drug candidates do not achieve an adequate level of acceptance, we may not generate significant product sales revenues and we may not become profitable. The degree of market acceptance of our drugs and drug candidates, if approved for commercial sale, will depend on a number of factors, including:

·

the clinical indications for which our drugs and drug candidates are approved;

·

physicians, hospitals, cancer treatment centers and patients considering our drugs and drug candidates as a safe and effective treatment;

·

the potential and perceived advantages of our drugs and drug candidates over alternative treatments;

·

the prevalence and severity of any side effects;

·

product labeling or product insert requirements of the FDA, CFDA, EMA or other comparable regulatory authorities;

·

limitations or warnings contained in the labeling approved by the FDA, CFDA, EMA or other comparable regulatory authorities;

·

the timing of market introduction of our drugs and drug candidates as well as competitive drugs;

·

the cost of treatment in relation to alternative treatments;

·

the amount of upfront costs or training required for physicians to administer our drugs and drug candidates;

·

the availability of adequate coverage, reimbursement and pricing by third-party payors and government authorities;

·

the willingness of patients to pay out-of-pocket in the absence of coverage and reimbursement by third-party payors and government authorities;

·

relative convenience and ease of administration, including as compared to alternative treatments and competitive therapies; and

·

the effectiveness of our sales and marketing efforts.

If our drugs and any approved drug candidates fail to achieve market acceptance among physicians, patients, hospitals, cancer treatment centers or others in the medical community, we will not be able to generate significant revenue. Even if our drugs achieve market acceptance, we may not be able to maintain that market acceptance over time if new products or technologies are introduced that are more favorably received than our drugs, are more cost effective or render our drugs obsolete.

* If we are unable to further develop marketing and sales capabilities or enter into agreements with third parties to market and sell our drug candidates and third-party drugs, we may not be able to generate product sales revenue.

Prior to the closing of our transaction with Celgene, we had no sales, marketing or commercial product distribution capabilities and had no experience in marketing drugs. On August 31, 2017, we closed a strategic collaboration with Celgene in which we were granted an exclusive license in China, excluding Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan, to commercialize Celgene’s approved cancer therapies, ABRAXANE®, REVLIMID®, and VIDAZA®, and Celgene’s investigational agent CC-122 in clinical development, and acquired Celgene’s commercial operations in China, excluding certain functions. We plan to further build our salesforce in China to market these in-licensed drugs and our

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internally developed drug candidates, in the event they receive commercial approval, and any additional drugs or drug candidates that we may in-license, which will require significant capital expenditures, management resources and time. We will have to compete with other pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies to recruit, hire, train and retain marketing and sales personnel.

If we are unable to, or decide not to, further develop internal sales, marketing and commercial distribution capabilities for any or all drugs we develop or in-license, we will likely pursue collaborative arrangements regarding the sales and marketing of our drugs. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to establish or maintain such collaborative arrangements, or if we are able to do so, that they will have effective sales forces. Any revenue we receive will depend upon the efforts of such third parties, which may not be successful. We may have little or no control over the marketing and sales efforts of such third parties, and our revenue from product sales may be lower than if we had commercialized our drug candidates ourselves. We also face competition in our search for third parties to assist us with the sales and marketing efforts of our drug candidates.

There can be no assurance that we will be able to further develop and successfully maintain in-house sales and commercial distribution capabilities or establish or maintain relationships with third-party collaborators to successfully commercialize any product, and as a result, we may not be able to generate product sales revenue.

*We face substantial competition, which may result in others discovering, developing or commercializing competing drugs before or more successfully than we do.

The development and commercialization of new drugs is highly competitive. We face competition with respect to our current drugs and drug candidates and any future drugs that we may develop or in-license from major pharmaceutical companies, specialty pharmaceutical companies and biotechnology companies worldwide. There are a number of large pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies that currently market and sell drugs or are pursuing the development of drugs for the treatment of cancer for which we are commercializing our in-licensed drugs or developing our drug candidates. Some of these competitive drugs and therapies are based on scientific approaches that are the same as or similar to our approach, and others are based on entirely different approaches. Potential competitors also include academic institutions, government agencies and other public and private research organizations that conduct research, seek patent protection and establish collaborative arrangements for research, development, manufacturing and commercialization.

Specifically, there are a large number of companies developing or marketing treatments for cancer, including many major pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. See the section titled “Item 1—Business—Competition” of our 2016 Annual Report.

Our commercial opportunity could be reduced or eliminated if our competitors develop and commercialize drugs that are safer, more effective, have fewer or less severe side effects, are more convenient or are less expensive than any drugs that we commercialize or may develop. Our competitors also may obtain approval from the FDA, CFDA, EMA or other comparable regulatory authorities for their drugs more rapidly than we may obtain approval for ours, which could result in our competitors establishing a strong market position before we are able to enter the market and or slow our regulatory approval.

Many of the companies against which we are competing or against which we may compete in the future have significantly greater financial resources and expertise in research and development, manufacturing, preclinical testing, conducting clinical trials, obtaining regulatory approvals and marketing approved drugs than we do. Mergers and acquisitions in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries may result in even more resources being concentrated among a smaller number of our competitors. Smaller and other early-stage companies may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly through collaborative arrangements with large and established companies. These third parties compete with us in recruiting and retaining qualified scientific and management personnel, establishing clinical trial sites and patient registration for clinical trials, as well as in acquiring technologies complementary to, or necessary for, our programs.

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*Our drugs and drug candidates for which we intend to seek approval as biological or drug products may face competition sooner than expected.

With the enactment of the Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act of 2009, or BPCIA, as part of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, or, collectively the ACA, an abbreviated pathway for the approval of biosimilar and interchangeable biological products was created in the United States. The abbreviated regulatory pathway establishes legal authority for the FDA to review and approve biosimilars, including the possible designation of a biosimilar as “interchangeable,” based on their similarity to existing reference product. Under the BPCIA, an application for a biosimilar product cannot be approved by the FDA until 12 years after the reference product was approved under a BLA. The BPCIA is complex and is only beginning to be interpreted and implemented by the FDA. As a result, its ultimate impact, implementation and meaning are subject to uncertainty, and it could have a material adverse effect on the future commercial prospects for our biological products, including BGB-A317, if approved.

We believe that anysome of our drugs approved as a biological product under a BLA should qualify forcompetitors use, which will reduce the 12-year period of exclusivity. However:

·

a potential competitor could seek and obtain approval of its own BLA during our exclusivity period instead of seeking approval of a biosimilar version; and

·

the FDA could consider a combination therapy which contains both drug and biological product components, to be a drug subject to review pursuant to an NDA, and therefore eligible for a significantly shorter marketing exclusivity period as provided under the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984.

Moreover, the extent to which a biosimilar, once approved, will be substituted for any one of our reference products in a way that is similar to traditional generic substitution for non-biological products is not yet clear and will depend on a number of marketplace and regulatory factors that are still developing.

In addition, a drug product approved under an NDA, such as BGB‑3111, BGB‑290 or BGB‑283, if they were to be approved, could face generic competition earlier than expected. We do expect competition from generic drugs with our in-licensed drugs in China but currently do not know the actual impact. In the United States, the enactment of the Generic Drug User Fee Amendments of 2012 as part of the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act of 2012 established a user fee program that will generate hundreds of millions of dollars in funding for the FDA’s generic drug review program. Funding from the user fee program, along with performance goals that the FDA negotiated with the generic drug industry, could significantly decrease the timeframe for FDA review and approval of generic drug applications.

*The market opportunities for our drugs and drug candidates may be limited to those patients who are ineligibleavailable for or have failed prior treatments and may be small.

Cancer therapies are sometimes characterized as first line, second line or third line, and the FDA often approves new therapies initially only for third line use. When cancer is detected early enough, first line therapy is sometimes adequate to cure the cancer or prolong life without a cure. Whenever first line therapy, usually chemotherapy, hormone therapy, surgery or a combination of these, proves unsuccessful, second line therapy may be administered. Second line therapies often consist of more chemotherapy, radiation, antibody drugs, tumor targeted small molecule drugs or a combination of these. Third line therapies can include bone marrow transplantation, antibody and small molecule targeted therapies, more invasive forms of surgery and new technologies. In markets with approved therapies, we expect to initially seek approval of our drug candidates as a later stage therapy for patients who have failed other approved treatments. Subsequently, for those drugs that prove to be sufficiently beneficial, if any, we would expect to seek approval as a second line therapy and potentially as a first line therapy, but there is no guarantee that our drug candidates, even if approved, would be approved for second line or first line therapy. In addition, we may have to conduct additional clinical trials prior to gaining approval for second line or first line therapy.

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Our projections of both the number of people who have the cancers we are targeting, as well as the subset of people with these cancers in a position to receive later stage therapy and who have the potential to benefit from treatment with our drug candidates, are based on our beliefs and estimates. These estimates have been derived from a variety of sources, including scientific literature, surveys of clinics, patient foundations or market research and may prove to be incorrect. Further, new studies may change the estimated incidence or prevalence of these cancers. The number of patients may turn out to be lower than expected. Additionally, the potentially addressable patient population for our drugs and drug candidates may be limited or may not be amenable to treatment with our drugs and drug candidates. Even if we obtain significant market share for our drug candidates, because the potential target populations are small, we may never achieve profitability without obtaining regulatory approval for additional indications, including use as a first or second line therapy.

Our market opportunities may also be limited by competitor treatments that may enter the market. See “—We face substantial competition, which may result in others discovering, developing or commercializing competing drugs before or more successfully than we do.”

*at such clinical trial sites. Even if we are able to commercializeenroll a sufficient number of patients in our drugs and any approved drug candidates,clinical trials, delays in patient enrollment may result in increased costs or may affect the drugs may become subject to unfavorable pricing regulations, third party reimbursement practicestiming or healthcare reform initiatives,outcome of the planned clinical trials, which could harm our business.

The regulations that govern regulatory approvals, pricingdelay or prevent completion of these trials and reimbursement for new therapeutic products vary widely from country to country. Some countries require approval of the sale price of a drug before it can be marketed. In many countries, the pricing review period begins after marketing or licensing approval is granted. In some non-U.S. markets, prescription pharmaceutical pricing remains subject to continuing governmental control even after initial approval is granted. As a result, we might obtain regulatory approval for a drug in a particular country, but then be subject to price regulations that delay our commercial launch of the drug and negatively impact the revenues we are able to generate from the sale of the drug in that country. Adverse pricing limitations may hinderadversely affect our ability to recoup our investment in one or more drugs or any drug candidates, even ifadvance the development of our drug candidates obtain regulatory approval.

Our ability to commercialize any drugs successfully also will depend in part on the extent to which reimbursement for these drugs and related treatments will be available from government health administration authorities, private health insurers and other organizations. Government authorities and third-party payors, such as private health insurers and health maintenance organizations, decide which medications they will pay for and establish reimbursement levels. A primary trend in the global healthcare industry is cost containment. Government authorities and these third-party payors have attempted to control costs by limiting coverage and the amount of reimbursement for particular medications. Increasingly, third-party payors are requiring that companies provide them with predetermined discounts from list prices and are challenging the prices charged for medical products. We cannot be sure that reimbursement will be available for any drug that we commercialize and, if reimbursement is available, what the level of reimbursement will be. Reimbursement may impact the demand for, or the price of, any drug which we commercialize. Obtaining or maintaining reimbursement for our drugs may be particularly difficult because of the higher prices often associated with drugs administered under the supervision of a physician. If reimbursement is not available or is available only to limited levels, we may not be able to successfully commercialize any drug candidate that we in-license or successfully develop.

There may be significant delays in obtaining reimbursement for approved drugs, and coverage may be more limited than the purposes for which the drug is approved by the FDA or other comparable regulatory authorities outside the United States. Moreover, eligibility for reimbursement does not imply that any drug will be paid for in all cases or at a rate that covers our costs, including research, development, manufacture, sale and distribution. Interim payments for new drugs, if applicable, may also not be sufficient to cover our costs and may not be made permanent. Payment rates may vary according to the use of the drug and the clinical setting in which it is used, may be based on payments allowed for lower cost drugs that are already reimbursed, and may be incorporated into existing payments for other services. Net prices for drugs may be reduced by mandatory discounts or rebates required by government healthcare programs or private payors and by any future weakening of laws that presently restrict imports of drugs from countries where they may be sold at lower prices than in the United States. Third-party payors often rely upon Medicare coverage policy and payment limitations in setting their own reimbursement policies. Our inability to promptly obtain coverage and profitable payment rates from both government-funded and private payors for our drugs and any new drugs that we

candidates.

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developRisks Related to Regulatory Approval and Extensive Government Regulation

All material aspects of the research, development, manufacturing and commercialization of pharmaceutical products are heavily regulated, and we may face difficulties in complying with or be unable to comply with such regulations, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results,business.
All jurisdictions in which we conduct or intend to conduct our ability to raise capital needed to commercialize drugspharmaceutical-industry activities regulate these activities in great depth and detail. We are currently focusing our overall financial condition.

*Coverage and reimbursement may be limited or unavailable in certain market segments for our drugs and drug candidates and drugs, which could make it difficult for us to sell our drugs and drug candidates profitably.

Successful sales of our drugs and any approved drug candidates depend on the availability of adequate coverage and reimbursement from third-party payors. Patients who are provided medical treatment for their conditions generally rely on third-party payors to reimburse all or part of the costs associated with their treatment. Adequate coverage and reimbursement from governmental healthcare programs, such as Medicare and Medicaidactivities in the United States, and commercial payors are critical to new drug acceptance.

Government authorities and third-party payors, such as private health insurers and health maintenance organizations, decide which drugs and treatments they will cover and the amountmajor markets of reimbursement. Coverage and reimbursement by a third-party payor may depend upon a number of factors, including the third-party payor’s determination that use of a drug is:

·

a covered benefit under its health plan;

·

safe, effective and medically necessary;

·

appropriate for the specific patient;

·

cost-effective; and

·

neither experimental nor investigational.

In the United States, no uniform policy of coverage and reimbursement for drugs exists among third-party payors. As a result, obtaining coverage and reimbursement approval of a drug from a government or other third-party payor is a time-consuming and costly process that could require us to provide to each payor supporting scientific, clinical and cost-effectiveness data for the use of our drugs on a payor-by-payor basis, with no assurance that coverage and adequate reimbursement will be obtained. Even if we obtain coverage for a given drug, the resulting reimbursement payment rates might not be adequate for us to achieve or sustain profitability or may require co-payments that patients find unacceptably high. Additionally, third-party payors may not cover, or provide adequate reimbursement for, long-term follow-up evaluations required following the use of our genetically modified drugs. Patients are unlikely to use our drugs and any approved drug candidates unless coverage is provided and reimbursement is adequate to cover a significant portion of the cost of the drug. Because some of our drugs and drug candidates have a higher cost of goods than conventional therapies, and may require long-term follow up evaluations, the risk that coverage and reimbursement rates may be inadequate for us to achieve profitability may be greater.

In China, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of China or provincial or local human resources and social security authorities, together with other government authorities, review the inclusion or removal of drugs from the China’s National Drug Catalog for Basic Medical Insurance, Work-related Injury Insurance and Maternity Insurance, or the National Reimbursement Drug List, or the NRDL, or provincial or local medical insurance catalogues for the National Medical Insurance Program regularly, and the tier under which a drug will be classified, both of which affect the amounts reimbursable to program participants for their purchases of those drugs. These determinations are made based on a number of factors, including price and efficacy.

In February 2017, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of China released a new edition of the NRDL, or the 2017 NRDL, which expands its scope by including an additional 339 drugs. The 2017 NRDL reflects an emphasis on innovative drugs and drugs that treat cancer and other serious diseases. For instance, most of the innovative chemical drugs and biological products approved in China between 2008 and the first half of 2016 have been included in the 2017 NRDL or its candidate list. In July 2017, our in-licensed drug, REVLIMID® was included in the NRDL at a negotiated price lower than we have previously charged.  There can be no assurance that our other drugs and any

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approved drug candidates will be included in the NRDL.  Products included in the NRDL are typically generic and essential drugs. Innovative drugs similar to our drug candidates have historically been more limited on their inclusion in the NRDL due to the affordability of the government’s Basic Medical Insurance. As a result, revenue from sales of drugs not listed in the NRDL is largely self-paid by patients.  On the other hand, inclusion of a drug in the NRDL or provincial or local medical insurance catalogues may increase demand but result in decreased revenue as a result of lower prices that are included in the NRDL or provincial or local medical insurance catalogues.

The Chinese State Council asked central and provincial authorities across the PRC to promote a medical insurance program for major illnesses.

According to the PRC Central Government’s guidance issued in March 2015, each province will decide which drugs to include in its provincial major illness reimbursement lists and the percentage of reimbursement, based on local funding. Although it will take three years to establish a comprehensive national coverage, the affordability of the expensive, novel cancer agents to Chinese patients will improve significantly and the targeted therapy market is expected to enter a fast growing period.

We intend to seek approval to market our drug candidates in the United States, China, Europe, and other select countries and regions. These geopolitical areas all strictly regulate the pharmaceutical industry, and in other selected jurisdictions. In some non-U.S. countries, particularly thosedoing so they employ broadly similar regulatory strategies, including regulation of product development and approval, manufacturing, and marketing, sales and distribution of products. However, there are differences in the European Union,regulatory regimes-some minor, some significant-that make for a more complex and costly regulatory compliance burden for a company like ours that plans to operate in each of these regions. Additionally, the pricingChina National Medical Products Administration’s (“NMPA”) reform of drugsthe medicine and biologicsapproval system may face implementation challenges. The timing and full impact of such reforms is subject to governmental control. In these countries, pricing negotiations with governmental authorities can take considerable time after obtaining regulatory approval of a drug candidate. In addition, market acceptanceuncertain and sales ofcould prevent us from commercializing our drugsmedicines and drug candidates will depend significantly onin a timely manner.

The process of obtaining regulatory approvals and compliance with appropriate laws and regulations require the availabilityexpenditure of adequate coveragesubstantial time and reimbursement from third-party payors for drugs andfinancial resources. Failure to comply with the applicable requirements at any approved drug candidates andtime during the product development process, approval process, or after approval, may be affected by existing and future health care reform measures.

*Recently enacted and future legislation may increase the difficulty and cost forsubject us to obtain regulatoryadministrative or judicial sanctions. These sanctions could include a regulator’s refusal to approve pending applications, withdrawal of an approval, license revocation, a clinical hold, voluntary or mandatory product recalls, product seizures, total or partial suspension of production or distribution, injunctions, fines, refusals of government contracts, restitution, disgorgement, or civil or criminal penalties. The failure to comply with these regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business. For example, on March 25, 2020, the NMPA suspended the importation, sales and commercialize ouruse of ABRAXANE in China supplied to us by BMS, and the drug candidateswas subsequently recalled by BMS and affect the prices we may obtain.

In the United States, China, European Union and some other jurisdictions, there have been a number of legislative and regulatory changes and proposed changes regarding the healthcare system that could prevent or delay regulatory approval of our drug candidates, restrict or regulate post-approval activities and affect our ability to profitably sell our drugs and any drug candidatesis not currently available for which we obtain regulatory approval.

In the United States, the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003, or the MMA, changed the way Medicare covers and pays for pharmaceutical products. The legislation expanded Medicare coverage for drug purchases by the elderly and introduced a new reimbursement methodologysale in China. This suspension was based on average sales prices for physician-administered drugs. In addition, this legislation provided authority for limiting the number of drugs that will be covered in any therapeutic class. Cost reduction initiatives and other provisions of this legislation could decrease the coverage and price that we receive for any approved products. While the MMA only applies to drug benefits for Medicare beneficiaries, private payors often follow Medicare coverage policy and payment limitations in setting their own reimbursement rates. Therefore, any reduction in reimbursement that results from the MMA may result in a similar reduction in payments from private payors.

More recently, in March 2010, then-President Obama signed into law the ACA, a sweeping law intended to broaden access to health insurance, reduce or constrain the growth of healthcare spending, enhance remedies against fraud and abuse, add new transparency requirements for the healthcare and health insurance industries, impose new taxes and fees on the health industry and impose additional health policy reforms.

Among the provisions of the ACA of importance to our potential drug candidates are the following:

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an annual, nondeductible fee on any entity that manufactures or imports specified branded prescription drugs and biologics;

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an increase in the statutory minimum rebates a manufacturer must pay under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program;

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expansion of healthcare fraud and abuse laws, including the False Claims Act and the Anti-Kickback Statute, new government investigative powers, and enhanced penalties for noncompliance;

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a new Medicare Part D coverage gap discount program, in which manufacturers must agree to offer 50% point-of-sale discounts off negotiated prices;

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extension of manufacturers’ Medicaid rebate liability;

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expansion of eligibility criteria for Medicaid programs;

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expansion of the entities eligible for discounts under the Public Health Service Act pharmaceutical pricing program;

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new requirements to report financial arrangements with physicians and teaching hospitals;

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a new requirement to annually report drug samples that manufacturers and distributors provide to physicians; and

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a new Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute to oversee, identify priorities in, and conduct comparative clinical effectiveness research, along with funding for such research.

In addition, other legislative changes have been proposed and adoptedinspection findings at BMS’s contract manufacturing facility in the United StatesStates. We have not had any sales of ABRAXANE since the ACA was enacted. These changes included aggregate reductions to Medicare payments to providerssuspension and do not expect future revenue from ABRAXANE. For additional information, please see the section of up to 2% per fiscal year, starting in 2013. In January 2013, then-President Obama signed into law the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, which, among other things, reduced Medicare payments to several providers, and increased the statute of limitations period for the government to recover overpayments to providers from three to five years. These laws may result in additional reductions in Medicare and other healthcare funding.

We expect that the ACA, as well as other healthcare reform measures that may be adopted in the future, may result in more rigorous coverage criteria and in additional downward pressure on the price thatthis Quarterly Report titled “Legal Proceedings”. Additionally, although we receive for any approved drug. Any reduction in reimbursement from Medicare or other government programs may result in a similar reduction in payments from private payors. The implementation of cost containment measures or other healthcare reforms may prevent us from being able to generate revenue, attain profitability, or commercialize our drugs.

Legislative and regulatory proposals have been made to expand post-approval requirements and restrict sales and promotional activities for pharmaceutical products. We cannot be sure whether additional legislative changes will be enacted, or whether FDA regulations, guidance or interpretations will be changed, or what the impact of such changes on theobtained regulatory approvals of our drug candidates, ifmedicines, regulatory authorities could suspend or withdraw these approvals. In any may be. In addition, increased scrutiny byevent, the U.S. Congressreceipt of the FDA’s approval process may significantly delay or prevent regulatory approval as well as subject us to more stringent product labeling and post-marketing testing and other requirements.

Withdoes not assure the new Administration and Congress, there will likely be additional administrative or legislative changes, including modification, repeal, or replacementsuccess of all, or certain provisions of, the ACA. In January 2017, Congress voted to adopt a budget resolution for fiscal year 2017, that while not a law, is widely viewed as the first step toward the passage of legislation that would repeal certain aspects of the ACA. In May 2017, the House of Representatives passed legislation to repeal and replace parts of the ACA. The Senate considered but did not pass that legislation, and there are other legislative proposals relating to healthcare reform. Further, on January 20, 2017, President Trump signed an Executive Order directing federal agencies with authorities and responsibilities under the ACA to waive, defer, grant exemptions from, or delay the implementation of any provision of the ACA that would impose a fiscal burden on states or a cost, fee, tax, penalty or regulatory burden on individuals, healthcare providers, health insurers, or manufacturers of pharmaceuticals or medical devices. In addition, while the Trump Administration has threatened to allow the ACA to implode, a bipartisan group of legislators is working to address certain problems with the ACA. Accordingly, it remains to be seen whether new legislation modifying the ACA is enacted and, if so, precisely what the new legislation will

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provide, when it will be enacted and what impact it will have on the availability of healthcare and containing or lowering the cost of healthcare.  The implications of a potential repeal and/or replacement of the ACAour commercialization efforts for our business and financial condition, if any, are not yet clear.

medicines.

*We may be subject directly or indirectly, to applicable U.S. federal and state anti-kickback, false claims laws, physician payment transparency laws, fraud and abuse laws or similar healthcare and security laws and regulations in the United States and other jurisdictions, which could expose us to criminal sanctions, civil penalties, contractual damages, reputational harm and diminished profits and future earnings.

sales.

Healthcare providers, physicians and others play a primary role in the recommendation and prescription of any products for which we obtain regulatory approval. If we obtain FDA approval for any of our drug candidates and begin commercializing those drugs in the United States, ourOur operations may beare subject to various federal and state fraud and abuse laws, including, without limitation, the federal Anti-Kickback Statute, the federal False Claims Act (“FCA”), and physician payment sunshine laws and regulations. These laws may impact, among other things, our proposed sales, marketing and education programs. In addition, we may beare subject to patient privacy regulation by both the federal government and the states in which we conduct our business. The laws that may affectFor additional information, please see the section of our ability to operate include:

·

the federal Anti-Kickback Statute, which prohibits, among other things, knowingly and willfully soliciting, receiving, offering or paying any remuneration (including any kickback, bribe, or rebate), directly or indirectly, overtly or covertly, in cash or in kind, to induce, or in return for, either the referral of an individual, or the purchase, lease, order or recommendation of any good, facility, item or service for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under a federal healthcare program, such as the Medicare and Medicaid programs;

Annual Report, titled “Part I —Item 1 — Business — Government Regulation — Other U.S. Healthcare Laws and Compliance Requirements.”

·

federal civil and criminal false claims laws and civil monetary penalty laws, such as the federal False Claims Act, which impose criminal and civil penalties and authorize civil whistleblower or qui tam actions, against individuals or entities for, among other things: knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented, to the federal government, claims for payment that are false or fraudulent; making a false statement or record material to a false or fraudulent claim or obligation to pay or transmit money or property to the federal government; or knowingly concealing or knowingly and improperly avoiding or decreasing an obligation to pay money to the federal government. In addition, the government may assert that a claim including items and services resulting from a violation of the federal Anti-Kickback Statute constitutes a false of fraudulent claim for purposes of the False Claims Act;

·

the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, or HIPAA, which created new federal criminal statutes that prohibit knowingly and willfully executing, or attempting to execute, a scheme to defraud any healthcare benefit program or obtain, by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations, or promises, any of the money or property owned by, or under the custody or control of, any healthcare benefit program, regardless of the payor (e.g., public or private) and knowingly and willfully falsifying, concealing or covering up by any trick or device a material fact or making any materially false statements in connection with the delivery of, or payment for, healthcare benefits, items or services relating to healthcare matters;

·

HIPAA, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009, and their respective implementing regulations, which impose requirements on certain covered healthcare providers, health plans, and healthcare clearinghouses as well as their respective business associates that perform services for them that involve the use, or disclosure of, individually identifiable health information, relating to the privacy, security and transmission of individually identifiable health information;

·

the federal false statements statute prohibits knowingly and willfully falsifying, concealing or covering up a material fact or making any materially false statement in connection with the delivery of or payment for healthcare benefits, items or services;

·

the federal transparency requirements under the ACA, including the provision commonly referred to as the Physician Payments Sunshine Act, which requires manufacturers of drugs, devices, biologics and medical supplies for which payment is available under Medicare, Medicaid or the Children’s Health Insurance Program

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to report annually to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services information related to payments or other transfers of value made to physicians and teaching hospitals, as well as ownership and investment interests held by physicians and their immediate family members; and

·

federal consumer protection and unfair competition laws, which broadly regulate marketplace activities and activities that potentially harm consumers.

Additionally, we are subject to state and non-U.S. equivalents of each of the healthcare laws described above, among others, some of which may be broader in scope and may apply regardless of the payor. Many U.S. states have adopted laws similar to the federal Anti-Kickback Statute, some of which apply to the referral of patients for healthcare services reimbursed by any source,third-party payor, not just governmental payors, includingbut also private insurers. In addition, someThese laws are enforced by various state agencies and through private actions. Some states have passed laws that require pharmaceutical companies to comply with the April 2003 Office of Inspector General Compliance Program Guidance for Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and/or other voluntary industry codes of conduct that restrict the Pharmaceutical Researchpayments made to healthcare providers and Manufacturers of America’s Code on Interactions with Healthcare Professionals.other potential referral sources. Several states and local laws also impose other marketing restrictions or require pharmaceutical companies to make marketing or price disclosures to the state.state, require drug manufacturers to report information related to payments and other transfers of value to physicians and other healthcare providers, and require the registration of pharmaceutical sales representatives. In addition, the approval, commercialization, and other activities for our medicines and drug candidates outside the United States subjects us to non-U.S. equivalents of the healthcare laws such as those mentioned above, among other non-U.S. laws. As with the state equivalents mentioned above, some of these non-U.S. laws may be broader in scope and subject to the discretion of non-U.S. law enforcement authorities, including the Chinese authorities who has recently increased its anti-bribery efforts to reduce improper payments and other benefits received by physicians, staff and hospital administrators in relation to sales, marketing and purchase of pharmaceuticals. There are ambiguities as to what is required to comply with these state requirements, and if we fail to comply with an applicable state law requirement, we could be subject to penalties.

Because

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In the breadthpast, we have made grants to independent charitable foundations that help financially needy patients with their premium, co-pay, and co-insurance obligations and we may make such grants in the future. If we choose to do so, and if we or our vendors or donation recipients are deemed to fail to comply with relevant laws or regulations in the operation of these laws and the narrowness of the statutory exceptions and safe harbors available, it is possible that some of our business activitiesprograms, we could be subject to challenge under onedamages, fines, penalties, or moreother criminal, civil, or administrative sanctions or enforcement actions. We cannot ensure that our compliance controls and procedures will be sufficient to protect against acts of such laws. In addition, recent health care reform legislation has strengthened these laws. For example,our employees, business partners, or vendors that may violate the ACA, among other things, amends the intent requirementlaws or regulations of the federal Anti-Kickbackjurisdictions in which we operate. Furthermore, there has been increased scrutiny of company-sponsored patient assistance programs, including co-pay assistance programs, and criminal healthcare fraud statutes. Asdonations to third-party charities that provide such assistance. There has also been enhanced scrutiny by governments of reimbursement support offerings, clinical education programs and promotional speaker programs. Regardless of whether we have complied with the law, a resultgovernment investigation could impact our business practices, harm our reputation, divert the attention of such amendment, a person or entity no longer needs to have actual knowledgemanagement, increase our expenses, and reduce the availability of these statutes or specific intent to violate them in order to have committed a violation. Moreover, the ACA provides that the government may assert that a claim including items or services resulting from a violation of the federal Anti-Kickback Statute constitutes a false or fraudulent claimfoundation support for purposes of the False Claims Act.

our patients who need assistance.

Violations of fraud and abuse laws may be punishable by criminal and/or civil sanctions, including penalties, fines and/or exclusion or suspension from federal and state healthcare programs such as Medicare and Medicaid and debarment from contracting with the U.S. government. In addition, private individuals have the ability to bring actions on behalf of the U.S. government under the federal False Claims ActFCA as well as under the false claims laws of several states.

Neither the U.S. government nor the U.S. courts have provided definitive guidance on the applicationapplicability of fraud and abuse laws to our business. Law enforcement authorities are increasingly focused on enforcing these laws, and it is possible that some of our practices may be challenged under these laws. Efforts to ensure that our business arrangements with third parties will comply with applicable healthcare laws and regulations will involve substantial costs. It is possible that governmental authorities will conclude that our business practices may not comply with current or future statutes, regulations or case law involving applicable fraud and abuse or other healthcare laws and regulations. If any such actions are instituted against us, and we are not successful in defending ourselves or asserting our rights, those actions could have a significant impact on our business, including the imposition of civil, criminal and administrative penalties, damages, disgorgement, monetary fines, possible exclusion from participation in Medicare, Medicaid and other federal healthcare programs, contractual damages, individual imprisonment, reputational harm, diminished profits and future earnings, and curtailment or restructuring of our operations, anyas well as additional reporting obligations and oversight if we become subject to a corporate integrity agreement or other agreement to resolve allegations of which could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our results of operations. In addition, the approval and commercialization of any of our drug candidates outside the United States will also likely subject us to non-U.S. equivalents of the healthcare laws mentioned above, among other non-U.S.non-compliance with these laws.

If Furthermore, if any of the physicians or other providers or entities with whom we expect to do business with are found to be not in compliance with applicable laws, they may be subject to criminal, civil or administrative sanctions, including exclusions from government funded healthcare programs, which may also adversely affect our business.

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*We may explore the licensing of commercialization rights or other forms of collaboration worldwide, which will expose us to additional risks of conducting business in additional international markets.

Non-U.S. markets are an important component of our growth strategy. For example, in connection with the Celgene transactions, we retained exclusive rights for the development and commercialization of BGB-A317 for hematological cancers globally and for solid tumors in China and the rest of Asia, other than Japan. We intend to focus on additional opportunities in China, in particular. If we fail to obtain licensescomply with our reporting and payment obligations under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program or enter into collaborationother governmental pricing programs, we could be subject to additional reimbursement requirements, penalties, sanctions and fines, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects.

We participate in the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program, the 340B program, the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Federal Supply Schedule (“FSS”) pricing program, and the Tricare Retail Pharmacy program, which require us to disclose average manufacturer pricing, and, in the future may require us to report the average sales price for certain of our drugs to the Medicare program. Pricing and rebate calculations vary across products and programs, are complex, and are often subject to interpretation by us, governmental or regulatory agencies and the courts. Furthermore, regulatory and legislative changes, and judicial rulings relating to these programs and policies (including coverage expansion), have increased and will continue to increase our costs and the complexity of compliance, have been and will continue to be time-consuming to implement, and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, particularly if CMS or another agency challenges the approach we take in our implementation. For example, in the case of our Medicaid pricing data, if we become aware that our reporting for a prior quarter was incorrect or has changed as a result of recalculation of the pricing data, we are generally obligated to resubmit the corrected data for up to three years after those data originally were due. Such restatements increase our costs and could result in an overage or underage in our rebate liability for past quarters. Price recalculations also may affect the ceiling price at which we are required to offer our products under the 340B program and give rise to an obligation to refund entities participating in the 340B program for overcharges during past quarters impacted by a price recalculation.
Civil monetary penalties can be applied if we are found to have knowingly submitted any false price or product information to the government, if we are found to have made a misrepresentation in the reporting of our average sales price, if we fail to submit the required price data on a timely basis, or if we are found to have charged 340B covered entities more than the statutorily mandated ceiling price. Additionally, our agreement to participate in the 340B program or our Medicaid drug rebate agreement could be terminated, in which case federal payments may not be available under Medicaid or Medicare Part D for our covered outpatient drugs. Additionally, if we overcharge the government in connection with our arrangements with FSS or Tricare Retail Pharmacy, we are required to refund the difference to the government. Failure to make necessary disclosures and/or to identify contract overcharges can result in allegations against us under the FCA and other laws and regulations.
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Unexpected refunds to the government, and responding to a government investigation or enforcement action, would be expensive and time-consuming, and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects.
Further, legislation may be introduced that, if passed, would, among other things, further expand the 340B program to additional covered entities or would require participating manufacturers to agree to provide 340B discounted pricing on drugs used in an inpatient setting, and any additional future changes to the definition of average manufacturer price or the Medicaid rebate amount could affect our 340B ceiling price calculations and negatively impact our results of operations. Additionally, certain pharmaceutical manufacturers are involved in ongoing litigation regarding contract pharmacy arrangements under the 340B program. The outcome of those judicial proceedings and the potential impact on the way in which manufacturers extend discounts to covered entities through contract pharmacies remain uncertain.
*The approval processes of regulatory authorities in the United States, China, Europe and other comparable regulatory authorities are lengthy, time consuming, costly, and inherently unpredictable. If we experience delays or are ultimately unable to obtain regulatory approval for our drug candidates, our business will be substantially harmed.
Before obtaining regulatory approvals for the commercial sale of any drug candidate for a target indication, we must demonstrate in preclinical studies and well-controlled clinical trials, and, with respect to approval in the United States, to the satisfaction of the FDA, that the drug candidate is safe and effective, or the biologic drug candidate is safe, pure, and potent, for use for that target indication and that the manufacturing facilities, processes and controls are adequate. In addition to preclinical and clinical data, the new drug application (“NDA”) or biologics license application (“BLA”) must include comprehensive information regarding the chemistry, manufacturing and controls (“CMC”) for the drug candidate. Obtaining approval of an NDA or BLA is a lengthy, expensive and uncertain process, and approval may not be obtained. If we submit an NDA or BLA to the FDA, the FDA decides whether to accept or reject the submission for filing. We cannot be certain that a submission will be accepted for filing and review by the FDA.
Regulatory authorities outside of the United States, such as the NMPA and European Medicines Agency (“EMA”), also have requirements for approval of medicines for commercial sale with which we must comply prior to marketing in those areas. Regulatory requirements, approval processes and review periods can vary from country to country and could delay or prevent the introduction of our drug candidates. Clinical trials conducted in one country may not be accepted by regulatory authorities in other countries, and obtaining regulatory approval in one country does not mean that regulatory approval will be obtained in any other country. Seeking regulatory approvals outside of the United States could require additional nonclinical studies or clinical trials, which could be costly and time consuming. For all of these reasons, we may not obtain regulatory approvals on a timely basis, if at all.
The processes required to obtain approval by the FDA, the NMPA, the EMA, and other comparable regulatory authorities is complex, costly, unpredictable and typically takes many years following the commencement of preclinical studies and clinical trials and depends on numerous factors, including the substantial discretion of the regulatory authorities. Regulatory approval is never guaranteed. Furthermore, we have limited experience in obtaining regulatory approvals for our drug candidates, including preparing the required materials for regulatory submission and navigating the regulatory approval process. As a result, our ability to successfully obtain regulatory approval for our drug candidates may involve more inherent risk, take longer, and cost more than it would if we were a company with substantial experience in obtaining regulatory approvals.
Our drug candidates could be delayed or fail to receive regulatory approval for many reasons, including:
failure to begin or complete clinical trials due to disagreements with regulatory authorities;
failure to demonstrate that a drug candidate is safe and effective or that a biologic candidate is safe, pure, and potent for its proposed indication;
failure of clinical trial results to meet the level of statistical significance required for approval;
reporting or data integrity issues related to our clinical trials;
disagreement with our interpretation of data from preclinical studies or clinical trials;
changes in approval policies or regulations that render our preclinical and clinical data insufficient for approval or require us to amend our clinical trial protocols;
regulatory requests for additional analyses, reports, data, nonclinical studies and clinical trials, or questions regarding interpretations of data and results and the emergence of new information regarding our drug candidates or other products;
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failure to satisfy regulatory conditions regarding endpoints, patient population, available therapies and other requirements for our clinical trials in order to support marketing approval on an accelerated basis or at all;
a delay in or the inability of health authorities to complete regulatory inspections of our development activities, regulatory filings or manufacturing operations, whether as a result of a global pandemic or other reasons, or our failure to satisfactorily complete such inspections;
our failure to conduct a clinical trial in accordance with regulatory requirements or our clinical trial protocols; and
clinical sites, investigators or other participants in our clinical trials deviating from a trial protocol, failing to conduct the trial in accordance with regulatory requirements, or dropping out of a trial.
For example, in June 2022, the FDA extended the Prescription Drug User Fee Act goal date for the supplemental new drug application (“sNDA”) for BRUKINSA as a treatment for adult patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma by three months to January 2023, to allow time to review additional clinical data submitted by us, which was deemed a major amendment to the sNDA. Additionally, in July 2022, the FDA deferred action on the BLA for tislelizumab as a second-line treatment for patients with unresectable or metastatic ESCC. In the FDA's general advice letter communicating the deferral of action, the FDA cited only the inability to complete inspections due to COVID-19 related restrictions on travel as the reason for the deferral. As of the date hereof, the FDA has not provided a new anticipated action date.
Delays in the completion of a clinical trial of any of our drug candidates will increase our costs, slow down our drug development and approval process, and jeopardize our ability to commence product sales and generate revenues for that candidate. Any of these occurrences may harm our business, financial condition and prospects significantly. In addition, many of the factors that cause, or lead to, a delay in the commencement or completion of clinical trials may also ultimately lead to the denial of regulatory approval of our drug candidates.
Our development activities, regulatory filings and manufacturing operations also could be harmed or delayed by a shutdown of the U.S. government, including the FDA, or governments and regulatory authorities in other jurisdictions. If the FDA or other health authorities are delayed or unable to complete required regulatory inspections of our development activities, regulatory filings or manufacturing operations due to government shutdowns, public health crises, or other reasons, or we do not satisfactorily complete such inspections, our business could be materially harmed.

We are currently conducting and may in the future conduct clinical trials for our drug candidates outside the U.S., and the FDA and comparable foreign regulatory authorities may not accept data from such trials.
We are currently conducting and may in the future conduct clinical trials for our drug candidates outside the U.S., including in China. The acceptance of data from clinical trials conducted outside the U.S. or another jurisdiction by the FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authority may be subject to certain conditions or may not be accepted at all. The FDA will generally not consider the data from a foreign clinical trial not conducted under an IND unless (i) the trial was well-designed and well-conducted in accordance with good clinical practice (“GCP”) requirements, including requirements for the design, conduct, performance, monitoring, auditing, recording, analysis, and reporting of clinical trials in a way that provides assurance that the data and reported results are credible and accurate and that the rights, safety, and well-being of trial subjects are protected, and (ii) the FDA is able to validate the data from the trial through an onsite inspection, if necessary. In cases where data from foreign clinical trials are intended to serve as the sole basis for marketing approval in the U.S., the FDA will generally not approve the application on the basis of foreign data alone unless (i) the data are applicable to the U.S. population and U.S. medical practice; (ii) the trials were performed by clinical investigators of recognized competence; and (iii) the data may be considered valid without the need for an on-site inspection by the FDA or, if the FDA considers such an inspection to be necessary, the FDA is able to validate the data through an on-site inspection or other appropriate means. Additionally, the FDA’s clinical trial requirements, including sufficient size of patient populations and statistical powering must be met. Many foreign regulatory authorities have similar approval requirements. In addition, such foreign trials would be subject to the applicable local laws of the foreign jurisdictions where the trials are conducted. There can be no assurance that the FDA or any comparable foreign regulatory authority will accept data from trials conducted outside of the U.S. or the applicable jurisdiction. If the FDA or any comparable foreign regulatory authority does not accept such data, it would result in the need for additional trials, which could be costly and time-consuming, and which may result in drug candidates that we may develop not receiving approval for commercialization in the applicable jurisdiction.
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Our medicines and any future approved drug candidates will be subject to ongoing regulatory obligations and continued regulatory review, which may result in significant additional expense and we may be subject to penalties if we fail to comply with regulatory requirements or experience unanticipated problems with our medicines and drug candidates.
Our medicines and any additional drug candidates that are approved will be subject to ongoing regulatory requirements for manufacturing, labeling, packaging, storage, advertising, promotion, sampling, record-keeping, conduct of post-marketing studies, and submission of safety, efficacy, and other post-marketing information, including both federal and state requirements in the United States and requirements of comparable regulatory authorities in China, Europe and other regions. As such, we and our collaborators will be subject to ongoing review and periodic inspections to assess compliance with applicable post-approval regulations. Additionally, to the extent we want to make certain changes to the approved medicines, product labeling, or manufacturing processes, we will need to submit new applications or supplements to regulatory authorities for approval.
Manufacturers and manufacturers’ facilities are required to comply with extensive FDA, NMPA, EMA and comparable regulatory authority requirements, including, in the United States, ensuring that quality control and manufacturing procedures conform to GMP regulations. As such, we and our contract manufacturers are and will be subject to continual review and inspections to assess compliance with GMP and adherence to commitments made in any NDA, BLA or other marketing application, and previous responses to any inspection observations. Accordingly, we and others with whom we work must continue to expend time, money and effort in all areas of regulatory compliance, including manufacturing, production and quality control. The failure to comply with these requirements could have a material adverse effect on our business. For example, on March 25, 2020, the NMPA suspended the importation, sales and use of ABRAXANE in China supplied to us by BMS, and the drug was subsequently recalled by BMS and is not currently available for sale in China. This suspension was based on inspection findings at BMS’s contract manufacturing facility in the United States. We have not had any sales of ABRAXANE since the suspension and do not expect future revenue from ABRAXANE. For additional information, please see the section of this Quarterly Report titled “Legal Proceedings”.
The regulatory approvals for our medicines and any approvals that we receive for our drug candidates are and may be subject to limitations on the approved indicated uses for which the medicine may be marketed or to the conditions of approval, which could adversely affect the medicine’s commercial potential or contain requirements for potentially costly post-marketing testing and surveillance to monitor the safety and efficacy of the medicine or drug candidate. The FDA, NMPA, EMA or comparable regulatory authorities may also require a Risk Evaluation Mitigation Strategy (“REMS”) program or comparable program as a condition of approval of our drug candidates or following approval. In addition, if the FDA, NMPA, EMA or a comparable regulatory authority approves our drug candidates, we will have to comply with requirements including, for example, submissions of safety and other post-marketing information and reports, establishment registration, as well as continued compliance with GMP and GCP for any clinical trials that we conduct post-approval.
The FDA, NMPA, EMA or comparable regulatory authorities may seek to impose a consent decree or withdraw marketing approval if compliance with regulatory requirements is not maintained or if problems occur after the drug reaches the market. Later discovery of previously unknown problems with our medicines or drug candidates or with our drug’s manufacturing processes, or failure to comply with regulatory requirements, may result in revisions to the approved labeling to add new safety information; imposition of post-market studies or clinical studies to assess new safety risks; or imposition of distribution restrictions or other restrictions under a REMS program. Other potential consequences include, among other things:
restrictions on the marketing or manufacturing of our medicines, withdrawal of the product from the market, or voluntary or mandatory product recalls;
fines, untitled or warning letters, or holds on clinical trials;
refusal by the FDA, NMPA, EMA or comparable regulatory authorities to approve pending applications or supplements to approved applications filed by us or suspension or revocation of license approvals or withdrawal of approvals;
product seizure or detention, or refusal to permit the import or export of our medicines and drug candidates; and
injunctions or the imposition of civil or criminal penalties.
The FDA, NMPA, EMA and other regulatory authorities strictly regulate the marketing, labeling, advertising and promotion of products that are placed on the market. Drugs may be promoted only for their approved indications and for use in accordance with the provisions of the approved label. The FDA, NMPA, EMA and other regulatory authorities actively enforce the laws and regulations prohibiting the promotion of off-label uses, and a company that is found to have improperly promoted off-label uses may be subject to significant liability. The policies of the FDA, NMPA, EMA and of other regulatory authorities may change and additional government regulations may be enacted that could prevent, limit or delay regulatory approval of our
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drug candidates. We cannot predict the likelihood, nature or extent of government regulation that may arise from future legislation or administrative action, either in the United States or abroad, particularly in China, where the regulatory environment is constantly evolving. If we are slow or unable to adapt to changes in existing requirements or the adoption of new requirements or policies, or if we are not able to maintain regulatory compliance, we may lose any regulatory approval that we may have obtained and we may not achieve or sustain profitability.
In addition, if we obtain accelerated approval or conditional approval of any of our drug candidates, as we have done with the accelerated approval of BRUKINSA in the United States and China and certain approvals of tislelizumab, pamiparib, XGEVA, BLINCYTO, KYPROLIS and QARZIBA in China, we will be required to conduct a confirmatory study to verify the predicted clinical benefit and may also be required to conduct post-marketing safety studies. The Food and Drug Omnibus Reform Act of 2022 (“FDORA”) granted the FDA the authority to require, as appropriate, that a post-approval confirmatory study or studies be underway prior to granting accelerated approval or within a specified time period after the date accelerated approval is granted. FDORA also gave the FDA increased authority to withdraw approval of a drug granted accelerated approval on an expedited basis if the sponsor fails to conduct such studies in a timely manner or such studies fail to verify clinical benefit. While operating under accelerated approval, we will be subject to certain restrictions that we would not be subject to upon receiving regular approval. For example, the FDA generally requires that all advertising and promotional materials be submitted to the FDA for review prior to dissemination or publication for products receiving accelerated approval, which could adversely impact the timing of the commercial launch of the product.
Even if we are able to commercialize our medicines and any approved drug candidates, the medicines may become subject to unfavorable pricing regulations or third-party reimbursement practices or healthcare reform initiatives, which could harm our business.
The regulations that govern regulatory approvals, pricing and reimbursement for new therapeutic products vary widely from country to country. Historically, products launched in Europe do not follow price structures of the U.S. and generally prices tend to be significantly lower. Countries in Europe provide options to restrict the range of medicinal products for which their national health insurance systems provide reimbursement and to control the prices of medicinal products for human use. To obtain reimbursement or pricing approval, some of these countries may require the completion of clinical trials that compare the cost effectiveness of a particular product candidate to currently available therapies. Countries may approve a specific price for the medicinal product or it may instead adopt a system of direct or indirect controls on the profitability of the company placing the medicinal product on the market.
Some countries require approval of the sale price of a drug before it can be marketed. In many countries, the pricing review period begins after marketing or licensing approval is granted. In some non-U.S. markets, prescription pharmaceutical pricing remains subject to continuing governmental control even after initial approval is granted. As a result, we might obtain regulatory approval for a drug in a particular country, but then be subject to price regulations that delay our commercial launch of the drug and negatively impact our revenues and results of operations.
Our ability to commercialize our medicines successfully also will depend in part on the extent to which reimbursement for these medicines and related treatments will be available on adequate terms, or at all, from government health administration authorities, private health insurers and other organizations. For additional information, please see the section of this Quarterly Report titled “Part II — Item 1A — Risk Factors Risks Related to Clinical Development and Commercialization of Our Medicines and Drug Candidates — If we or any third parties in these markets, or if these partieswith which we may collaborate to market and sell our medicines are not successful,unable to achieve and maintain coverage and adequate level of reimbursement, our revenue-generating growth potential willcommercial success and business operations could be adversely affected.
In China, the government launched a national program for volume-based, centralized drug procurement with minimum quantity commitments in an attempt to negotiate lower prices from drug manufacturers and reduce the price of drugs. Under the program, one of the key determining factors for a successful bid is the price. The Chinese government will award a contract to the lowest bidders who are able to satisfy the quality and quantity requirements. The successful bidders will be guaranteed a sale volume for at least a year. A volume guarantee gives the winner an opportunity to gain or increase market share. The volume guarantee is intended to make manufacturers more willing to cut their prices to win a bid. It may also enable manufacturers to lower their distribution and commercial costs. Many types of drugs are covered under the program, including drugs made by international pharmaceutical companies and generics made by domestic Chinese manufacturers. For example, in January 2020, ABRAXANE and its generic forms were included in the program. We won the bid and became one of the three companies who were awarded a government contract, with a price for sales of ABRAXANE under the government contract that would have been significantly lower than the price that we had been charging. On March 25, 2020, the NHSA removed ABRAXANE from the volume-based procurement list due to the NMPA’s decision to suspend the importation, sales and use of ABRAXANE, which has adversely impacted our business and results of operations. In August 2020, VIDAZA and its generic forms were included for bidding in the program. We did not win the bid for VIDAZA, which resulted in the drug being
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restricted from use in public hospitals, which account for a large portion of the market, and a decline in sales revenue. Moreover, internationalthe program may change how generic drugs are priced and procured in China and is likely to accelerate the replacement of originator drugs with generics. We cannot be sure whether there will be any changes to the program in the future. The implementation of the program may negatively impact our existing commercial operations in China as well as our strategies on how to commercialize our drugs in China, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, relationshipsfinancial condition and results of operations.
Although China adopted changes to its patent law to include patent term extension and an early resolution mechanism for pharmaceutical patent disputes, key provisions of the law remain unclear and/or subject to implementing regulations. The absence of effective regulatory exclusivity for pharmaceutical products in China could further increase the risk of early generic or biosimilar competition with our medicines in China.
In the United States, a law commonly referred to as “Hatch-Waxman Act” provides the opportunity for patent-term restoration of up to five years to reflect patent term lost during certain portions of product development and the FDA regulatory review process. The Hatch-Waxman Act also provides for patent linkage, pursuant to which FDA will stay approval of certain follow-on new drug applications during the pendency of litigation between the follow-on applicant and the patent holder or licensee, for a period of up to 30 months. Finally, the Hatch-Waxman Act provides for regulatory exclusivity that can prevent submission or approval of certain follow-on marketing applications. For example, U.S. law provides a five-year period of exclusivity to the first applicant to obtain approval of a new chemical entity and three years of exclusivity protecting certain innovations to previously approved active ingredients where the applicant was required to conduct new clinical trials to obtain approval for the modification. Similarly, the Orphan Drug Act provides seven years of market exclusivity for certain drugs to treat rare diseases. These provisions, which are designed to promote innovation, can prevent competing products from entering the market for a certain period of time after marketing approval for the innovative product.
In China, however, laws on data exclusivity (referred to as regulatory data protection) are still developing. The PRC Patent Law (as amended in 2020, the “Amended PRC Patent Law”) contains both patent term extension and a mechanism for early resolution of patent disputes. Accordingly, NMPA and the National Intellectual Property Administration (“NIPA”) jointly issued the Implementation Measures for the Early Settlement Mechanism of Drug Patent Disputes (for Trial Implementation). However, the provisions for patent term extension are unclear and/or remain subject to the approval of implementing regulations that are still in draft form or have not yet been proposed, leading to uncertainty about their scope and implementation. Until the relevant implementing regulations for patent term extension in the Amended PRC Patent Law are implemented, and until data exclusivity is adopted and implemented, we may be subject to earlier generic or biosimilar competition in China than in the United States and other jurisdictions with stronger regulatory data protection for pharmaceutical products.
Undesirable adverse events caused by our medicines and drug candidates could interrupt, delay or halt clinical trials, delay or prevent regulatory approval, limit the commercial profile of an approved label, or result in significant negative consequences following any regulatory approval.
Undesirable adverse events (“AEs”) caused by our medicines and drug candidates could cause us or regulatory authorities to interrupt, delay or halt clinical trials and could result in a more restrictive label or the delay or denial of regulatory approval, or could result in limitations or withdrawal following approvals. If the conduct or results of our trials or patient experience following approval reveal a high and unacceptable severity or prevalence of AEs, our trials could be suspended or terminated and regulatory authorities could order us to cease further development of, or deny approval of, our drug candidates or require us to cease commercialization following approval.
As is typical in the development of pharmaceutical products, drug-related AEs and serious AEs (“SAEs”) have been reported in our clinical trials. Some of these events have led to patient deaths. Drug-related AEs or SAEs could affect patient recruitment or the ability of enrolled subjects to complete the trial and could result in product liability claims. Any of these occurrences may harm our reputation, business, financial condition and prospects significantly. In our periodic and current reports filed with the SEC and our press releases and scientific and medical presentations released from time to time we disclose clinical results for our drug candidates, including the occurrence of AEs and SAEs. Each such disclosure speaks only as of the date of the data cutoff used in such report, and we undertake no duty to update such information unless required by applicable law. Also, a number of immune-related adverse events (“IRAEs”) have been associated with treatment with checkpoint inhibitors such as tislelizumab, including immune-mediated pneumonitis, colitis, hepatitis, endocrinopathies, nephritis and renal dysfunction, skin adverse reactions, and encephalitis. These IRAEs may be more common in certain patient populations (potentially including elderly patients) and may be exacerbated when checkpoint inhibitors are combined with other therapies.
Additionally, undesirable side effects caused by our medicines and drug candidates, or caused by our medicines and drug candidates when used in combination with other drugs, could potentially cause significant negative consequences, including:
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regulatory authorities could delay or halt pending clinical trials;
we may suspend, delay or alter development of the drug candidate or marketing of the medicine;
regulatory authorities may withdraw approvals or revoke licenses of the medicine, or we may determine to do so even if not required;
regulatory authorities may require additional riskswarnings on the label;
we may be required to implement a REMS for the drug, as is the case with REVLIMID, or, if a REMS is already in place, to incorporate additional requirements under the REMS, or to develop a similar strategy as required by a regulatory authority;
we may be required to conduct post-marketing studies; and
we could be sued and held liable for harm caused to subjects or patients.
Any of these events could prevent us from achieving or maintaining market acceptance of the particular drug or drug candidate, and could significantly harm our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
If safety, efficacy, or other issues arise with any medical product that is used in combination with our medicines, we may be unable to market such medicine or may experience significant regulatory delays or supply shortages, and our business could be materially adverselyharmed.
We plan to develop certain of our medicines and drug candidates for use as a combination therapy. If a regulatory authority revokes its approval of the other therapeutic that we use in combination with our medicines or drug candidates, we will not be able to market our medicines or drug candidates in combination with such revoked therapeutic. If safety or efficacy issues arise with these or other therapeutics that we seek to combine with our medicines and drug candidates in the future, we may experience significant regulatory delays, and we may be required to redesign or terminate the applicable clinical trials. In addition, if manufacturing or other issues result in a supply shortage of any component of our combination medicines or drug candidates, we may not be able to complete clinical development of our drug candidates on our current timeline or at all, or we may experience disruptions in the commercialization of our approved medicines. For example, we have in-licensed drug candidates from third parties to conduct clinical trials in combination with our drug candidates. We may rely on those third parties to manufacture the in-licensed drug candidates and may not have control over their manufacturing process. If these third parties encounter any manufacturing difficulties, disruptions or delays and are not able to supply sufficient quantities of drug candidates, our drug combination study program may be delayed. For additional information, please see the section of this Quarterly Report titled “Part II — Item 1A — Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Reliance on Third Parties — We rely on third parties to manufacture some of our commercial and clinical drug supplies. Our business could be harmed if those third parties fail to provide us with sufficient quantities of product or fail to do so at acceptable quality levels or prices.”
*Recently enacted and future legislation may increase the difficulty and cost for us to obtain regulatory approval of and commercialize our medicines and drug candidates and affect the prices we may obtain.
In the United States, China, Europe and some other jurisdictions, there have been a number of legislative and regulatory changes and proposed changes regarding healthcare that could prevent or delay regulatory approval of our drug candidates, restrict or regulate post-approval activities and affect our ability to attainprofitably sell our medicines and any drug candidates for which we obtain regulatory approval. We expect that healthcare reform measures may result in more rigorous coverage criteria and in additional downward pressure on the price that we receive for any approved medicine. For additional information, please see the section of our Annual Report titled “Part I — Item 1 — Business – Government Regulation – Healthcare Reform.”
For example, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (“IRA”) contains several provisions that may impact our business to varying degrees, including provisions that reduce the out-of-pocket spending cap for Medicare Part D beneficiaries from $7,050 to $2,000 starting in 2025, thereby effectively eliminating the coverage gap; impose new manufacturer financial liability on certain drugs under Medicare Part D; allow the U.S. government to negotiate Medicare Part B and Part D price caps for certain high-cost drugs and biologics without generic or sustain profitable operations, including:

·

efforts to enter into collaboration or licensing arrangements with third parties in connection with our international sales, marketing and distribution efforts may increase our expenses or divert our management’s attentionbiosimilar competition; require companies to pay rebates to Medicare for certain drug prices that increase faster than inflation; and delay until January 1, 2032 the implementation of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) rebate rule that would have limited the fees that pharmacy benefit managers can charge. Further, under the IRA, orphan drugs are exempted from the Medicare drug price negotiation program, but only if they have one orphan designation and for which the only approved indication is for that disease or condition. If a product receives multiple rare disease designations or has multiple approved indications, it may not qualify for the orphan drug exemption. The implementation of the IRA is currently subject to ongoing litigation challenging the constitutionality of the acquisition or development of drug candidates;

·

changes in a specific country’s or region’s political and cultural climate or economic condition;

·

differing regulatory requirements for drug approvals and marketing internationally

·

difficulty of effective enforcement of contractual provisions in local jurisdictions;

·

potentially reduced protection for intellectual property rights;

·

potential third-party patent rights;

·

unexpected changes in tariffs, trade barriers and regulatory requirements;

·

economic weakness, including inflation or political instability, particularly in non-U.S. economies and markets;

·

compliance with tax, employment, immigration and labor laws for employees traveling abroad;

·

the effects of applicable non-U.S. tax structures and potentially adverse tax consequences;

·

currency fluctuations, which could result in increased operating expenses and reduced revenue, and other obligations incidental to doing business in another country;

·

workforce uncertainty and labor unrest, particularly in non-U.S. countries where labor unrest is more common than in the United States;

·

the potential for so-called parallel importing, which is what happens when a local seller, faced with high or higher local prices, opts to import goods from a non-U.S. market with low or lower prices rather than buying them locally;

·

failure of our employees and contracted third parties to comply with Office of Foreign Asset Control rules and regulations and the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act;

·

production shortages resulting from any events affecting raw material supply or manufacturing capabilities abroad; and

·

business interruptions resulting from geo-political actions, including war and terrorism, or natural disasters, including earthquakes, volcanoes, typhoons, floods, hurricanes and fires.

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TheseIRA’s Medicare drug price negotiation program. The effects of the IRA on our business and the healthcare industry in general is not yet known.

In addition, President Biden has issued multiple executive orders that have sought to reduce prescription drug costs. In February 2023, HHS issued a proposal in response to an executive order from President Biden that includes a proposed prescription drug pricing model that will test whether targeted Medicare payment adjustments will sufficiently incentivize manufacturers to complete confirmatory trials for drugs approved through the FDA’s accelerated approval pathway. Although a number of these proposed measures may require additional legislation to become effective, both the Biden administration and Congress have indicated that they will continue to seek new legislative measures to control drug costs. Legislative and regulatory proposals have also been made to expand post-approval requirements and restrict sales and promotional activities for pharmaceutical products.
We cannot predict the initiatives that may be adopted in the future. The continuing efforts of the government, insurance companies, managed care organizations and other riskspayors of healthcare services to contain or reduce costs of healthcare and/or impose price controls may materially adversely affect the demand for our product candidates, if we obtain regulatory approval; our ability to attainset a price that we believe is fair for our approved products; our ability to generate revenue and achieve or sustainmaintain profitability; the level of taxes that we are required to pay; and the availability of capital.
Risks Related to Our Financial Position and Need for Additional Capital
We have incurred significant net losses since our inception and anticipate that we will continue to incur net losses for the foreseeable future and may not become profitable.
Investment in pharmaceutical drug development is highly capital-intensive and speculative. It entails substantial upfront capital expenditures and significant risk that a drug candidate will fail to gain regulatory approval or become commercially viable. We continue to incur significant expenses related to our ongoing operations. As a result, we have incurred losses in most periods since our inception, other than periods when we were profitable due to revenue recognized from international markets.

*The illegal distributionup-front license fees from collaboration agreements or the settlement of legal proceedings. As of September 30, 2023 and sale by third partiesDecember 31, 2022, we had an accumulated deficit of counterfeit versions$7.6 billion and $7.1 billion, respectively. Substantially all of our drugsoperating losses have resulted from costs incurred in connection with our research and development programs and from selling, general and administrative expenses associated with our operations.

We expect to continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future, although we expect these losses to decrease in the near term as product sales growth exceeds expense growth. We expect expenses to continue to increase as we continue to expand our development of, and seek regulatory approvals for, our drug candidates, and our manufacturing facilities, commercialize our medicines and launch new medicines, if approved, maintain and expand regulatory approvals, contribute up to $1.25 billion to the global development of a portfolio of Amgen pipeline assets under our collaboration agreement, and commercialize the medicines that we have in-licensed and any other medicines that we may successfully develop or stolenlicense. Typically, it takes many years to develop one new drug from the time it is discovered to when it is available for treating patients. In addition, we will continue to incur costs associated with operating as a public company. We will also incur costs in support of our growth as a global biotechnology company. The size of our future net losses will depend, in part, on the number and scope of our drug development programs and the associated costs of those programs, the cost of our manufacturing activities, the cost of commercializing our approved products, our ability to generate revenues and the timing and amount of milestones and other payments we make or receive with arrangements with third parties. If we fail to achieve market acceptance for our medicines or if promising drug candidates fail in clinical trials or do not gain regulatory approval, or if approved, fail to achieve market acceptance, we may never become profitable. Even if we achieve profitability in the future, we may not be able to sustain profitability in subsequent periods. Our failure to become and remain profitable would decrease the value of our company and could impair our ability to raise capital, maintain our research, development, manufacturing and commercialization efforts, expand our business or continue our operations.
We may need to obtain additional financing to fund our operations, and if we are unable to obtain such financing, we may be unable to complete the development of our drug candidates or achieve profitability.
Our portfolio of drug candidates will require the completion of clinical development, regulatory review, scale up and availability of manufacturing resources, significant marketing efforts and substantial investment before they can provide us with product sales revenue. Additionally, we are investing in the manufacturing and commercialization of our approved medicines. Our operations have consumed substantial amounts of cash since inception. Our operating activities used $1.5 billion, $1.3 billion and $1.3 billion of net cash during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and used $935.8 million and $1,178.4 million of net cash during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. We recorded negative net cash flows from operating activities in 2022, 2021 and 2020 primarily due to our net losses of $2.0
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billion, $1.5 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively. We cannot assure you that we will be able to generate positive cash flows from operating activities in the future.
Our liquidity and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected by the negative net cash flows, and we cannot assure you that we will have sufficient cash from other sources to fund our operations. If we resort to other financing activities to generate additional cash, we will incur financing costs and we cannot guarantee that we will be able to obtain the financing on terms acceptable to us, or at all, and if we raise financing by issuing further equity securities your interest in our company may be diluted. If we have negative operating cash flows in the future, our liquidity and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected.
We expect to continue to spend substantial amounts on drug discovery, advancing the clinical development of our drug candidates, contributing to the global development of a portfolio of Amgen pipeline assets, developing our manufacturing capabilities and securing drug supply, and launching and commercializing our and our collaborators' medicines and any additional drug candidates for which we receive regulatory approval, including building and maintaining a commercial organization to address markets in China, the United States and other countries.
Since September 2017, we have generated revenues from the sale of medicines in China licensed from BMS, and since the fourth quarter of 2019, we have generated revenues from our internally developed medicines. These revenues are not sufficient to support our operations. Although it is difficult to predict our liquidity requirements, based upon our current operating plan, we believe that we have sufficient cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments to meet our projected operating requirements for at least the next 12 months. However, we believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments may not be sufficient to enable us to complete all global development or launch all of our current medicines and drug candidates for the currently anticipated indications and to invest in additional programs. Accordingly, we may require further funding through public or private offerings, debt financing, collaboration and licensing arrangements or other sources.
With uncertainty in the capital markets, adequate additional funding may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. If we are unable to raise capital when needed or on attractive terms, we would be forced to delay, reduce or eliminate our research and development programs or commercialization efforts. Our inability to obtain additional funding when we need it could seriously harm our business.
Raising additional capital may cause dilution to our shareholders, restrict our operations or require us to relinquish rights to our technologies or drug candidates.
We may seek additional funding through a combination of equity offerings, debt financings, collaborations and licensing arrangements. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, your ownership interest will be diluted, and the terms may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect your rights as a holder of our shares. The incurrence of additional indebtedness or the issuance of certain equity securities could result in increased fixed payment obligations and could also result in certain additional restrictive covenants, such as limitations on our ability to incur additional debt or issue additional equity, limitations on our ability to acquire or license intellectual property rights and other operating restrictions that could adversely impact our ability to conduct our business. In addition, issuance of additional equity securities, or the possibility of such issuance, may cause the market price of our shares to decline. In the event that we enter into collaborations or licensing arrangements in order to raise capital, we may be required to accept unfavorable terms, including relinquishing or licensing to a third party on unfavorable terms our rights to technologies or drug candidates that we otherwise would seek to develop or commercialize ourselves or potentially reserve for future potential arrangements when we might be able to achieve more favorable terms.
Fluctuations in exchange rates could result in foreign currency exchange losses and could materially reduce the value of your investment.
We incur portions of our expenses, and derive revenues, in currencies other than the U.S. dollar or Hong Kong dollar, in particular, the RMB, the Euro, and Australian dollar. As a result, we are exposed to foreign currency exchange risk as our results of operations and cash flows are subject to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. We do not regularly engage in hedging transactions to protect against uncertainty in future exchange rates between particular foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. Fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar against currencies in countries in which we operate could have a negative impact on our reputationresults of operations. We cannot predict the impact of foreign currency fluctuations, and business.

Third parties might illegally distributeforeign currency fluctuations in the future may adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, and sell counterfeitcash flows.

The value of the RMB against the U.S. dollar and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in political and economic conditions and the foreign exchange policy proposed or unfit versionsadopted by the PRC, Australia and other governments. It is difficult to predict how market forces or PRC, Australia, other governments outside the U.S. and U.S. government policies may impact the exchange rate of the RMB and the U.S. dollar or any other currencies in the future. There
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remains significant international pressure on China to adopt a more flexible currency policy, including from the U.S. government, which has threatened to label China as a “currency manipulator,” which could result in greater fluctuation of the RMB against the U.S. dollar.
Substantially all of our drugs, which do not meetrevenues are denominated in U.S. dollars and RMB, our costs are denominated in U.S. dollars, Australian dollars and RMB, and a large portion of our financial assets and a significant portion of our debt is denominated in U.S. dollars and RMB. To the extent that we need to convert U.S. dollars into RMB for our operations, appreciation of the RMB against the U.S. dollar would have an adverse effect on the RMB amount we would receive. Conversely, if we decide to convert RMB into U.S. dollars for the purpose of making payments for dividends or for other business purposes, appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the RMB would have a negative effect on the U.S. dollar amount we would receive.
In addition, there are limited instruments available for us to reduce our collaborators’ rigorous manufacturingforeign currency risk exposure at reasonable costs. Furthermore, we are also currently required to obtain approval from or registration with appropriate government authorities or designated banks before converting significant sums of foreign currencies into RMB. All of these factors could materially and testing standards. A patient who receives a counterfeit or unfit drugadversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects, and could reduce the value of, and any dividends payable on, our shares in foreign currency terms.
*Our business, profitability and liquidity may be atadversely affected by deterioration in the credit quality of, or defaults by, our distributors and customers or by actual events or concerns involving the liquidity, default, or non-performance of financial institutions, including the U.S. government, and an impairment in the carrying value of our short-term investments could negatively affect our consolidated results of operations.
We are exposed to the risk for a number of dangerous health consequences. Our reputationthat our distributors and business could suffer harmcustomers may default on their obligations to us as a result of counterfeitbankruptcy, lack of liquidity, operational failure or unfit drugs sold underother reasons. As we continue to expand our business, the amount and duration of our credit exposure will be expected to increase, as will the breadth of the entities to which we have credit exposure. Although we regularly review our credit exposure to specific distributors and customers that we believe may present credit concerns, default risks may arise from events or circumstances that are difficult to detect or foresee.
Furthermore, actual events involving reduced liquidity, defaults, non-performance or other adverse developments that affect financial institutions, or concerns or rumors about any such events, have in the past and may in the future lead to market-wide liquidity problems. For example, in March 2023, Silvergate Bank, La Jolla, California, announced its decision to voluntarily liquidate its assets and wind down operations, Silicon Valley Bank, Santa Clara, California (“SVB”), was closed by the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation, and Signature Bank, New York, New York, was closed by the New York State Department of Financial Services, and, in each case the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) was appointed as receiver. Since then, additional financial institutions have experienced similar failures and have been placed into receivership. These events lead to volatility and declines in the market for bank stock and questions regarding confidence in depository institutions. At the time of closure, we maintained limited cash deposits at SVB. While the FDIC has since stated that all depositors of SVB will be made whole and we have received access to our collaborators’ brand name(s). In addition, theftsfunds held at SVB, there is no guarantee that the federal government would similarly guarantee depositors in the event of inventorya future bank closure. Investor concerns regarding the U.S. or international financial systems could result in less favorable commercial financing terms, including higher interest rates or costs and tighter financial and operating covenants, or systemic limitations on access to credit and liquidity sources, thereby making it more difficult for us to acquire financing on acceptable terms or at warehouses, plantsall. Any decline in available funding or while in-transit, which are not properly storedaccess to our cash and which are sold through unauthorized channels,liquidity resources could adversely impact patient safety, our reputationability to meet our operating expenses or result in breaches of our financial or contractual obligations which could have material adverse impact on our liquidity and our business.

projected business operations, financial condition and results of operations.


As a result of uncertain political, credit and financial market conditions, including the potential of the U.S. government to default on the payment of its obligations for a period of time due to federal debt ceiling limitations or other unresolved political issues, investments in financial instruments issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government pose credit default and liquidity risks. A payment default or delay by the U.S. government, or continued uncertainty surrounding the U.S. debt ceiling, could result in a variety of adverse effects for financial markets, market participants and U.S. and global economic conditions. In addition, U.S. debt ceiling and budget deficit concerns have increased the possibility a downgrade in the credit rating of the U.S. government and could result in economic slowdowns or a recession in the U.S. No assurance can be made that losses or significant deterioration in the fair value of our U.S. government issued or guaranteed investments will not occur. At September 30, 2023, we had approximately $616.8 million invested in government money market funds, $107.0 million invested directly in U.S. Treasury securities, and $42.3 million invested in time deposits. Downgrades to the U.S. credit rating could affect the stability of securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government and the valuation or liquidity of our portfolio of such investment securities.

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments represent the maximum amount of loss due to credit risk. We had cash and cash equivalents of $3.1 billion, $3.9 billion and $4.4 billion, restricted cash of $13.6 million, $5.5 million and $7.2 million and short-term investments of $107.0 million, $665.3 million and $2.2 billion as
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of September 30, 2023, December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, most of which are deposited in financial institutions outside of China. As required by the PRC securities laws, the net proceeds from the STAR Offering must be used in strict compliance with the planned uses as disclosed in the PRC prospectus for the STAR Offering as well as our proceeds management policy for the STAR Offering approved by our board of directors. Although our cash and cash equivalents in China are deposited with various major reputable financial institutions, the deposits placed with these financial institutions are not protected by statutory or commercial insurance. In the event of bankruptcy of one of these financial institutions, we may be unable to claim our deposits back in full.
As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, our short-term investments consisted of U.S. Treasury securities. Although we continually monitor the credit worthiness of these institutions, concerns about, or a default by, one institution in the U.S. market, could lead to significant liquidity problems, losses or defaults by other institutions, which in turn could adversely affect us.
Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property

*A significant portion of our intellectual property portfolio currently comprises pending patent applications that have not yet been issued as granted patents and if our pending patent applications fail to issue our business will be adversely affected. If we are unable to obtain and maintain patent protection for our technologymedicines and drugs, our competitors could develop and commercialize technology and drugs similardrug candidates through intellectual property rights, or identical to ours, and our ability to successfully commercialize our technology and drugsif the scope of such intellectual property rights is not sufficiently broad, third parties may be adversely affected.

compete against us.

Our success depends in large part on our ability to obtainprotect our medicines, drug candidates and maintain patent protection in the United States, the PRC and other countries with respect to our proprietary technology from competition by obtaining, maintaining and drug candidates. As of October 31, 2017, we own eleven issued U.S. patents, nine pending U.S.enforcing our intellectual property rights, including patent applications and one U.S. provisional patent application as well as corresponding patents and patent applications internationally. In addition, we own eight pending international patent applications under the PCT and seven priority international patent applications under the PCT, which we plan to file nationally in the United States and other jurisdictions. With respect to any issued patents in the United States and Europe, we may be entitled to obtain a patent term extension to extend the patent expiration date provided we meet the applicable requirements for obtaining such patent term extensions.rights. We have soughtseek to protect our proprietary positionthe medicines, drug candidates and technology that we consider commercially important by filing patent applications in the United States, the PRC, Europe and other countries related to novel technologies and drug candidates that we consider are important to our business.territories, relying on trade secrets or pharmaceutical regulatory protection or employing a combination of these methods. This process is expensive and time-consuming, and we may not be able to file, and prosecute, maintain, enforce or license all necessary or desirable patents and/or patent applications at a reasonable cost or in a timely manner. As a result, we may not be able to prevent competitors from developing and commercializing competitive drugs in all such fields and territories.
Patents may be invalidated and patent applications may not be granted for a number of reasons, including known or unknown prior art, deficiencies in the patent applications or the lack of novelty of the underlying invention or technology. It is also possible that we will fail to identify patentable aspects of our research and development output before it is too latein time to obtain patent protection.

The patent position of biotechnology Although we enter into non-disclosure and pharmaceutical companies generally is highly uncertain, involves complex legal and factual questions and has in recent years been the subject of much litigation. As a result, the issuance, scope, validity, enforceability and commercial valueconfidentiality agreements with parties who have access to confidential or patentable aspects of our research and development output, such as our employees, corporate collaborators, outside scientific collaborators, contract manufacturers, consultants, advisors and any other third parties, any of these parties may breach such agreements and disclose such output before a patent rights are highly uncertain. Our pending and future patent applications may not result in patents being issued which protectapplication is filed, thereby jeopardizing our technology or drug candidates or which effectively prevent others from commercializing competitive technologies and drug candidates. Changes in either the patent laws or interpretation of the patent laws in the United States and other countries may diminish the value of our patents or narrow the scope of ourability to seek patent protection. PublicationsIn addition, publications of discoveries in the scientific literature often lag behind the actual discoveries, and patent applications in the United States and other jurisdictions are typically not published until 18 months after filing, or in some cases, not at all. Therefore, we cannot be certain that we were the first to make the inventions claimed in our patents or pending patent applications or that we were the first to file for patent protection of such inventions. AssumingFurthermore, the other requirements for patentability are met,PRC and the United States have adopted the “first-to-file” system under which whoever first to filefiles a patent application will be awarded the patent if all other patentability requirements are met. Under the first-to-file system, third parties may be granted a patent relating to a technology which we invented.

In addition, under the PRC Patent Law, an organization or individual that wishes to apply for a patent in a foreign country for an invention or utility model conceived in China is entitledrequired to report to the patent. UnderNIPA for security examination of such invention or utility model before applying for the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act enactedpatent in 2011, the United States moved to this first-to-file system in early 2013 fromforeign jurisdiction. Otherwise, the previous system under whichorganization or individual may lose the first to make the claimed invention was entitledpatent right to the patent. We may become involvedinvention or utility model in interference inter partes  review, post grant review,  ex parte reexamination, derivation, opposition or other similar proceedings challenging ourChina.
The coverage claimed in a patent rights orapplication can be significantly reduced before the patent rights of others. An adverse determination in any such proceeding could reduce theis issued, and its scope of, or invalidate, our patent rights, allow third parties to commercialize our technology or drug candidates and compete directly with us, or result in our inability to manufacture or commercialize drug candidates without infringing third-party patent rights.

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There can be no assurance that our pendingreinterpreted after issuance. Even if patent applications will result in issued patentswe license or own currently or in the United States or non-U.S. jurisdictions in which such applications are pending. Even if patents do issue on any of these applications, there can be no assurance that a third party will not challenge their validity or that we will obtain sufficient claim scope in those patents to prevent a third party from competing successfully with our drug candidates. Even if our patent applicationsfuture issue as patents, they may not issue in a form that will provide us with any meaningful protection, prevent competitors or other third parties from competing with us, or otherwise provide us with any competitive advantage. Our competitors may be able to circumventIn addition, the patent position of biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies generally is highly uncertain, involves complex legal and factual questions, and has been the subject of much litigation in recent years. As a result, the issuance, scope, validity, enforceability and commercial value of our patents by developing similar or alternative technologies or drug candidates in a non-infringing manner. patent rights are highly uncertain.

The issuance of a patent is not conclusive as to its inventorship, scope, validity or enforceability, and our owned and licensed patents may be challenged in the courts or patent offices in the United States, the PRC and abroad.other countries. We may be subject to a third-party preissuance submission of prior art to the United States Patent and Trademark Office (the “USPTO”) or become involved in opposition, derivation, revocation, re-examination, post-grant and inter partes review, or interference proceedings or similar proceedings in foreign jurisdictions challenging our patent rights or the patent rights of others. An adverse determination in any
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such submission, proceeding or litigation could reduce the scope of, or invalidate, our patent rights, allow third parties to commercialize our medicines or drug candidates and compete directly with us without payment to us, or result in our inability to manufacture or commercialize medicines or drug candidates without infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating third-party patent rights. Moreover, we may have to participate in interference proceedings declared by the USPTO to determine priority of invention or in post-grant challenge proceedings, such as oppositions in a foreign patent office, that challenge the priority of our invention or other features of patentability of our patents and patent applications. Such challenges may result in loss of patent rights, loss of exclusivity, or in patent claims being narrowed, invalidated, or held unenforceable, which could limit our ability to stop or prevent us from stopping others from using or commercializing similar or identical technology and drug candidates,products, or limit the duration of the patent protection of our technology, medicines, and drug candidates. Such proceedings also may result in substantial costs and require significant time from our scientists and management, even if the eventual outcome is favorable to us. Consequently, we do not know whether any of our medicines or drug candidates will be protectable or remain protected by valid and enforceable patents. Our competitors or other third parties may be able to circumvent our patents by developing similar or alternative technologies or products in a non-infringing manner.
Furthermore, although various extensions may be available, the life of a patent and the protection it affords, is limited. For example, we may face competition from generic medications for our approved medicines even if we successfully obtain patent protection. Manufacturers of generic drugs may challenge the scope, validity or enforceability of our patents, and we may not be successful in enforcing or defending those intellectual property rights and, as a result, may not be able to develop or market the relevant product exclusively, which would have a material adverse effect on any potential sales of that product. The issued patents and pending patent applications, if issued, for our medicines and drug candidates are expected to expire on various dates as described in “Part I-Item 1-Business-Intellectual Property” of our Annual Report. Upon the expiration of our issued patents or patents that may issue from our pending patent applications, we will not be able to assert such patent rights against potential competitors and our business and results of operations may be adversely affected.
Given the amount of time required for the development, testing and regulatory review of new drug candidates, patents protecting such drug candidates might expire before or shortly after such drug candidates are commercialized. As a result, our patents and patent portfolioapplications may not provide us with sufficient rights to exclude others from commercializing drug candidatesproducts similar or identical to ours.

* Moreover, some of our patents and patent applications are, and may in the future be, co-owned with or licensed from third parties. If we are unable to obtain an exclusive license to any such third-party co-owners’ interest in such patents or patent applications, such co-owners may be able to license their rights to other third parties, including our competitors, and our competitors could market competing products and technology. In addition, we may need the cooperation of any such co-owners or the licensors of our patents in order to enforce such patents against third parties, and such cooperation may not be provided to us. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, business, financial conditions, results of operations, and prospects.

We may not be able to protect our intellectual property rights throughout the world.

If we fail to adequately protect our intellectual property rights, our competitive position could be impaired and our business could be materially harmed.

Filing, prosecuting, maintaining and defending patents on drugs or drug candidates in all countries throughout the world could be prohibitively expensive for us, and our intellectual property rights in some non-U.S. countries can have a different scope and strength than do those in the United States. In addition, the laws of certain non-U.S. countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as U.S. federal and state laws do.do, particularly those relating to biopharmaceutical products. Consequently, we may not be able to prevent third parties from practicing our inventions in all countries outside the United States, or from selling or importing drugs made using our inventions in and into the United States or non-U.S.other jurisdictions. Competitors may use our technologies in jurisdictions where we have not obtained patent protection to develop their own drugs and further, may export otherwise infringing drugs to non-U.S. jurisdictions where we have patent protection, but where enforcement rights are not as strong as those in the United States. These drugs may compete with our medicines and drug candidates and our patent rights or other intellectual property rights may not be effective or adequate to prevent them from competing.

In addition, we may not be able to enforce patents that we in-license from third parties, who may delay or decline to enforce patents in the licensed territory.

We currently hold issued trademark registrations and have trademark applications pending, any of which may be the subject of a governmental or third-party objection, which could prevent the maintenance or issuance of the same. If we are unsuccessful in obtaining trademark protection for our primary brands, we may be required to change our brand names, which could materially adversely affect our business. Moreover, as our products mature, our reliance on our trademarks to differentiate us from our competitors will increase, and as a result, if we are unable to prevent third parties from adopting, registering or using trademarks and trade dress that infringe, dilute or otherwise violate our trademark rights, our business could be materially adversely affected.

Many companies have encountered significant problems in protecting and defending intellectual property rights in certain jurisdictions, including China. The legal systems

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Table of some countries do not favor the enforcement of patents, trade secrets and other intellectual property, particularly those relating to biopharmaceutical products, which could make it difficult in those jurisdictions for us to stop the infringement or misappropriation of our patents or other intellectual property rights, or the marketing of competing drugs in violation of our proprietary rights.

Proceedings to enforce our patent and other intellectual property rights in non-U.S. jurisdictions could result in substantial costs and divert our efforts and attention from other aspects of our business.

Furthermore, such proceedings could put our patents at risk of being invalidated, held unenforceable, or interpreted narrowly, could put our patent applications at risk of not issuing, and could provoke third parties to assert claims of infringement or misappropriation against us. Contents


We may not prevail in any lawsuits that we initiate and the damages or other remedies awarded, if any, may not be commercially meaningful. Accordingly, our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights around the world may be inadequate to obtain a significant commercial advantage from the intellectual property that we develop.

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We may become involved in lawsuits to protect or enforce our intellectual property, which could be expensive, time consuming and unsuccessful. Our patent rights relating to our medicines and drug candidates could be found invalid or unenforceable if challenged in court or before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office or comparable non-U.S. authority.

government patent authorities.

Competitors may infringe our patent rights or misappropriate or otherwise violate our intellectual property rights. To counter infringement or unauthorized use, litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce or defend our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets or to determine the validity and scope of our own intellectual property rights or the proprietary rights of others. This can be expensive and time consuming. Any claims that we assert against perceived infringers could also provoke these parties to assert counterclaims against us challenging the validity or enforceability of our patents or alleging that we infringe their intellectual property rights.
In addition, generic drug companies may in the future file an Abbreviated New Drug Application (“ANDA”) with the FDA seeking approval to market a generic version of our products, or our competitors’ products, before the expiration of the patents covering such products, which may trigger ANDA litigation over the associated patent. Settlements and related licensing agreements resulting from ANDA litigation can be challenged and have the potential to generate additional litigation which can be costly. The success of such litigation depends on the strength of the patents covering the branded product and the manufacturer’s ability to prove infringement. The outcome of such litigation is inherently uncertain and may result in potential loss of market exclusivity for the product which may have a significant financial impact on product revenue. Furthermore, the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) has brought lawsuits to challenge ANDA litigation settlements as anti-competitive. If we engage in ANDA litigation, we may also face an FTC challenge with respect to the related settlement which may result in additional expense or penalty.
Many of our current and potential competitors have the ability to dedicate substantially greater resources to enforce and/or defend their intellectual property rights than we can. Accordingly, despite our efforts, we may not be able to prevent third parties from infringing upon or misappropriating our intellectual property. Litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of management resources, which could harm our business and financial results. In addition, in an infringement proceeding, a court may decide that patent rights or other intellectual property rights owned by us are invalid or unenforceable, or may refuse to stop the other party from using the technology at issue on the grounds that our patent rights or other intellectual property rights do not cover the technology in question. An adverse result in any litigation proceeding could put our patent,patents, as well as any patents that may issue in the future from our pending patent applications, at risk of being invalidated, held unenforceable or interpreted narrowly. Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with intellectual property litigation, there is a risk that some of our confidential information could be compromised by disclosure during this type of litigation.

If we initiate legal proceedings against a third party to enforce our patent, or any patents that may issue in the future from our patent applications, that relates to one of our drug candidates, the defendant could counterclaim that such patent rights are invalid or unenforceable.

In patent litigation in the United States, defendant counterclaims alleging invalidity or unenforceability are commonplace, and there are numerous grounds upon which a third party can assert invalidity or unenforceability of a patent. Third parties may also raise similar claims before administrative bodies in the United States or abroad, even outside the context of litigation. Such mechanisms includeex partere-examination,inter partesreview, post-grant review, derivation and equivalent proceedings in non-U.S. jurisdictions, such as opposition proceedings. Such proceedings could result in revocation or amendment to our patents in such a way that they no longer cover and protect our medicines or drug candidates. The outcome following legal assertions of invalidity and unenforceability is unpredictable. With respect to the validity of our patents, for example, we cannot be certain that there is no invalidating prior art of which we, our patent counsel, and the patent examiner were unaware during prosecution. If a defendant were to prevail on a legal assertion of invalidity and/or unenforceability, we would lose at least part, and perhaps all, of the patent protection on our medicines or drug candidates. Such a loss of patent protection could have a material adverse impact on our business.

We may not be able to prevent misappropriation of our trade secrets or confidential information, particularly in countries where the laws may not protect those rights as fully as in the United States. Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with intellectual property litigation, there is a risk that some of our confidential information could be compromised by disclosure during this type of litigation.

We may be subject to claims challenging the inventorship of our patents and other intellectual property.

Although we are not currently experiencing any claims challenging the inventorship of our patents or ownership of our intellectual property, we may in the future be subject to claims that former employees, collaborators or other third parties have an interest in our patents or other intellectual property as inventors or co-inventors. For example, we may have inventorship disputes arise from conflicting obligations of consultants or others who are involved in developing our drug candidates. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these and other claims challenging inventorship. If we fail in defending any such claims, in addition to paying monetary damages, we may lose rights such as exclusive ownership of, or right to use, our patent rights or other intellectual property. Such an outcome could have a material adverse effect on our business. Even if we are successful in defending against such claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a distraction to management and other employees.

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*If we are sued for infringing intellectual property rights of third parties, such litigation could be costly and time consuming and could prevent or delay us from developing or commercializing our medicines or drug candidates.

Our commercial success depends in part on our avoiding infringement of the valid patents and other intellectual property rights of third parties. We bear the risk that our products may be found to infringe patents owned or licensed by third parties, including research-based and generic pharmaceutical companies and individuals. We are aware of numerous issued patents and pending patent applications belonging to third parties that exist in fields of our medicines and drug candidates. There may also be third-party patents or patent applications of which we are currently unaware, and given the dynamic area in which we operate, additional patents are likely to be issued that relate to aspects of our business. There is a substantial amount of litigation and other claims and proceedings involving patent and other intellectual property rights in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries including inter partes review, post grant review, interference and ex parte reexamination proceedings before the United States Patent and Trademark Office or oppositions and other comparable proceedings in non-U.S. jurisdictions. Numerous issued patents and pending patent applications, which are owned by third parties, exist in the fields in which we are developing drug candidates.generally. As the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries expand and more patents are issued, the risk increases that our medicines and drug candidates may give rise to claims of infringement of the patent rights of others.

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Third parties may assert that we are employingusing technology in violation of their patent or other proprietary technology without authorization. There may be third-party patentsrights. For example, on June 13, 2023, Pharmacyclics LLC (“Pharmacyclics”) filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the District of which we are currently unaware with claims to materials, formulations, methods of manufacture or methods for treatment related to the use or manufactureDelaware against us and one of our drug candidates. Becausesubsidiaries, alleging that BRUKINSA infringes a Pharmacyclics’ patent applications can take many yearsissued on June 13, 2023. For additional information on this litigation, please see the section of this Quarterly Report titled “Legal Proceedings”. Defense of these claims, regardless of their merit, could involve substantial litigation expense and divert our technical personnel, management personnel, or both from their normal responsibilities. Even in the absence of litigation, we may seek to issue, there may be currently pending patent applications which may later result in issued patents that our drug candidates may infringe. In addition,obtain licenses from third parties may obtain patents into avoid the futurerisks of litigation, and claim that use of our technologies infringes upon these patents. If any third-party patents were held by a court of competent jurisdiction to cover the manufacturing process of any of our drug candidates, any molecules formed during the manufacturing process or any final product itself, the holders of any such patents may be able to prevent us from commercializing such drug candidate unless we obtainif a license under the applicable patents, or until such patents expire or they are finally determined to be held invalid or unenforceable. Similarly, if any third-party patent were held by a court of competent jurisdiction to cover aspects of our formulations, processes for manufacture or methods of use, including combination therapy or patient selection methods, the holders of any such patent may be able to block our ability to developis available, it could impose costly royalty and commercialize the applicable drug candidate unless we obtain a license, limit our uses, or until such patent expires or is finally determined to be held invalid or unenforceable. In either case, such a license may not be availableother fees and expenses on commercially reasonable terms or at all.

Thirdus.

If third parties who bring successful claims against us for infringement of their intellectual property rights, we may obtainbe subject to injunctive or other equitable relief, which could prevent us from developing and commercializing one or more of our medicines and drug candidates. Defense of these claims, regardless of their merit, would involve substantial litigation expense and would be a substantial diversion of employee resources from our business. In the event of a successful claim against us of infringement or misappropriation, againstor a settlement by us of any such claims, we may have to pay substantial damages, including treble damages and attorneys’ fees in the case of willful infringement, obtain one or more licenses from third parties, pay royalties or redesign our infringing medicines and drug candidates, which may be impossible or require substantial time and monetary expenditure.cost. In the event of an adverse result in any such litigation, or even in the absence of litigation, we may need to obtain licenses from third parties to advance our research or allow commercialization of our medicines or drug candidates. We cannot predict whether any requiredAny such license would be available at all or whether it wouldmight not be available on commercially reasonable terms and we may fail to obtain any of these licenses on commercially reasonable terms, ifor at all. In the event that we are unable to obtain such a license, we would be unable to further develop and commercialize one or more of our medicines and drug candidates, which could harm our business significantly. We may also elect to enter into license agreements in order to settle patent infringement claims or to resolve disputes prior to litigation, and any such license agreements may require us to pay royalties and other fees that could significantly harm our business.

Specifically, we

We are aware of threepatents in the U.S. patents owned by Ono Pharmaceutical Co., or Ono, and licensed to Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., or BMS,some other jurisdictions with claims covering certain antibodies that are relevant to our BGB-A317 drug candidate. Thesetislelizumab for which patents are expected to expire in 2023 2023 and 2024, respectively. In addition, we are awareor 2024; complexes of two other U.S. patents that cover antibodies containing certain stabilizing mutationsirreversible BTK inhibitors that are relevant to our BGB-A317 drug candidate. TheseBRUKINSA for which the patent is expected to expire in 2027; the use of PARP inhibitors to treat certain cancers that are relevant to pamiparib for which patents are expected to expire between 2027 and 2031; and the use of TIGIT antagonist in combination with PD-1 binding antagonist to treat cancers that are relevant to the use of ociperlimab in combination with tislelizumab for which patents are expected to expire in 2026 and 2029 in the United States.2034. Although we believe that the relevant claims of these various patents would likely be held invalid, we cannotcan provide any assurancesno assurance that a court or an administrative agency would agree with our assessment. If the validity of the relevant claims of one or more of these various patents iswere to be upheld upon a validity challenge, and BGB-A317 isour related medicine was approved for sale in the United States before the expiration of these variousthe relevant patents, then we willwould need licensesa license to commercialize BGB-A317the medicine in the United States before the expiration of thesethe relevant patents. In addition, depending upon the circumstances, we may need licenses for jurisdictions outside of the United States where we wish to commercialize BGB-

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A317a particular medicine before the expiration of corresponding patents covering BGB-A317. Although Merck & Co. was able to obtain a non-exclusive license for its KEYTRUDA product from BMS and Ono in January 2017 as part of a settlement of a patent dispute between the parties,that medicine. In such cases, we can provide no assurance that we willwould be able to obtain such a license or other licenses on commercially reasonable terms or at all, which could materially and adversely affect our business.

In addition, we are aware of a U.S. patent owned by Pharmacyclics, Inc., which was acquired by AbbVie, Inc., with certain claims directed to a complex of an irreversible BTK inhibitor having a covalent bond to a cysteine residue of a BTK. This patent is expected to expire in 2027. Although we believe that the claims of the patent relevant to our BGB‑3111 drug candidate would likely be held invalid, we cannot provide any assurances that a court or an administrative agency would agree with our assessment. If the validity of the relevant claims in question is upheld upon a validity challenge, and BGB‑3111 is approved for sale in the United States before the expiration of the U.S. patent, then we would need a license in order to commercialize BGB‑3111 in the United States. In addition, depending upon the circumstances, we may need a license for jurisdictions outside the United States where we wish to commercialize BGB‑3111 before the expiration of a corresponding patent covering BGB‑3111. However, such a license may not be available on commercially reasonable terms or at all, which could materially and adversely affect our business.

We are also aware of three U.S. patents, owned or licensed by KuDOS Pharmaceuticals, Ltd., which was acquired by AstraZeneca PLC, with claims directed to using PARP inhibitors to treat cancers with certain defects in homologous recombination including, in some cases, a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. These patents are expected to expire between 2027 and 2031 in the United States. Although we believe that the claims of these patents relevant to our BGB‑290 drug candidate would likely be held invalid, we cannot provide any assurances that a court or an administrative agency would agree with our assessment. While we are currently conducting and plan to conduct trials that include cancer patients with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, we are uncertain whether BGB‑290 as commercialized will be used to treat cancer patients limited to having BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation either in a monotherapy or a combination therapy. If BGB‑290 is approved for sale in the United States for patients whose cancers have a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, and if the validity of the relevant claims of these U.S. patents is upheld upon a validity challenge, then we would need a license in order to commercialize BGB‑290 prior to expiration of these U.S. patents. In addition, we are also aware of corresponding issued patents in Europe and China. Depending upon the circumstances, we may need a license for jurisdictions outside the United States where we wish to commercialize BGB‑290 before the expiration of a corresponding patent covering BGB‑290. However, such a license may not be available on commercially reasonable terms or at all, which could materially and adversely affect our business.

Even if litigation or other proceedings are resolved in our favor, litigation or other legal proceedings relating to intellectual property claims may cause us to incur significant expenses, and could distract our technical personnel, management personnel, or both from their normal responsibilities. In addition, there could be public announcements of the results of hearings, motions or other interim proceedings or developments, and if securities analysts or investors perceive these results to be negative, it could have a substantial adverse effect on the market price of the ADSs.our shares. Such litigation or proceedings could substantially increase our operating losses and reduce the resources available for development activities or any future sales, marketing or distribution activities. We may not have sufficient financial or other resources to adequately conduct such litigation or proceedings. Some of our competitors may be able to sustain the costs of such litigation or proceedings more effectively than we can because of their greater financial resources. Uncertainties resulting from the initiation and continuation of patent litigation or other proceedings could have a material adverse effect on our ability to compete in the marketplace.

Obtaining and maintaining our patent protection depends on compliance with various procedural, document submission, fee payment, and other requirements imposed by governmental patent agencies, and our patent protection could be reduced or eliminated for noncompliance with these requirements.

Periodic maintenance fees on any issued patent are due to be paid to the USPTO and other patent agencies in several stages over the lifetime of the patent. The USPTO and various non-U.S. governmentalother patent agencies require compliance with a number of procedural, documentary, fee payment, and other similar provisions during the patent application process. Although an inadvertent lapse can in many cases be cured by payment of a late fee or by other means in accordance with the applicable rules, there are situations in which noncompliance can result in abandonment or lapse of the patent or patent application, resulting in partial or complete loss of patent rights in the relevant jurisdiction. Noncompliance events that could result in abandonment or lapse of a patent or patent application include failure to

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respond to official actions within prescribed time limits, non-payment of fees, and failure to properly legalize and submit formal documents. In any such event, our competitors might be able to enter the market, which would have a material adverse effect on our business.

*The terms

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In most countries in which we file, including the United States, the term of an issued patent is generally 20 years from the earliest claimed filing date of a non-provisional patent application in the applicable country. Although various extensions may be available, the life of a patent and the protection it affords, is limited. For example, the approved cancer therapies we have licensed from Celgene in China, ABRAXANE®, REVLIMID®, and VIDAZA®, face or are expected to face competition from generic medications, and we may face similar competition for any approved drug candidates even if we successfully obtain patent protection once the patent life has expired for the drug. Manufacturers of generic drugs may challenge the scope, validity or enforceability of our owned or licensed patents in court, and we or our licensors may not be successful in enforcing or defending those intellectual property rights and, as a result, may not be able to develop or market the relevant product exclusively, which would have a material adverse effect on any potential sales of that product. If patents are issued on our currently pending patent applications, the resulting patents will be expected to expire on dates ranging from 2031 to 2035, excluding any potential patent term extension or adjustment. Upon the expiration of our issued patent or patents that may issue from our pending patent applications, we will not be able to assert such patent rights against potential competitors and our business and results of operations may be adversely affected.

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If we do not obtain additional protection under the Hatch-Waxman Amendmentspatent term extension and similar legislation in other countries extending the terms ofregulatory exclusivity for our patents, if issued, relating to our drug candidates,medicines, our business may be materially harmed.

Depending upon the timing, duration and specifics of FDA regulatorymarketing approval forof our medicines and drug candidates, one or more of our U.S. patents if issued, may be eligible for limited patent term restorationextension under the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984, referred to as the Hatch-Waxman Amendments. The Hatch-Waxman Amendments permit a patent term extension of up to five years as compensation for patent term lost during drug development and the FDA regulatory review process. Patent term extensions, however, cannot extend the remaining term of a patent beyond a total of 14 years from the date of drug approval by the FDA, and only one patent can be extended for a particular drug.

The application for patent term extension is subject to approval by the USPTO, in conjunction with the FDA. WeAct. However, we may not be granted an extension because of, for example, failing to exercise due diligence during the testing phase or regulatory review process, failing to apply within applicable deadlines, failing to apply prior to expiration of relevant patents, or otherwise failing to satisfy applicable requirements. Moreover, the applicable time period or the scope of patent protection afforded could be less than we request. In addition, although the Amended PRC Patent Law includes patent term extension, the patent term extension provision of the law is unclear and/or remains subject to the approval of implementing regulations that are still in draft form and soliciting comments, leading to uncertainty about its scope and implementation. As a result, the patents we have in the PRC are not yet eligible to be extended for patent term lost during clinical trials and the regulatory review process. If we are unable to obtain a patent term extension for a given patent or the term of any such extension is less than we request, the period during which we will have the right to exclusively market our drug will be shortened and our competitors may obtain earlier approval of competing drugs,products following our patent expiration, and our ability to generate revenuesbusiness, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects could be materially adversely affected.

harmed.

Changes in patent law could diminish the value of patents in general, thereby impairing our ability to protect our medicines or drug candidates.

As is the case with other biopharmaceutical companies, our success is heavily dependent on intellectual property, particularly patent rights. Obtaining and enforcing patents in the biopharmaceutical industry involves both technological and legal complexity, and is therefore costly, time-consuming, and inherently uncertain. In addition, the United States has recently enacted and is currently implementing wide-ranging patent reform legislation. Recent U.S. Supreme Court rulings have narrowed the scope of patent protection available in certain circumstances and weakened the rights of patent owners in certain situations. In addition to increasing uncertainty with regard to our ability to obtain patents in the future, this combination of events has created uncertainty with respect to the value of patents once obtained, if any. Depending on decisions by the U.S. Congress, the federal courts and the USPTO, the

The laws and regulations governing patents could change in unpredictable ways that would weaken our ability to obtain new patents or to enforce our existing patents and patents that we might obtain in the future. For example, in a recent case,  Assoc. for Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics, Inc., the U.S. Supreme Court held that certain claims to naturally-occurring substances are not patentable.

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Although we do not believe that our currently-issued patent and any patents that may issue from our pending patent applications directed to our drug candidates if issued in their currently pending forms, as well as patent rights licensed by us, will be found invalid based on this decision, we cannot predict how future decisions by the courts, the U.S. Congress or the USPTO may impact the value of our patent rights. There could be similar changes in the laws of foreign jurisdictions that may impact the value of our patent rights or our other intellectual property rights.

If we are unable to protect the confidentiality of our trade secrets, our business and competitive position would be harmed. We may be subject to claims that our employees have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets of their former employers.

In addition to our issued patent and pending patent applications, we rely on trade secrets, including unpatented know-how, technology and other proprietary information, to maintain our competitive position and to protect our medicines and drug candidates. We seek to protect these trade secrets, in part, by entering into non-disclosure and confidentiality agreements with parties that have access to them, such as our employees, corporate collaborators, outside scientific collaborators, sponsored researchers, contract manufacturers, consultants, advisors and other third parties. We also enter into confidentiality and invention or patent assignment agreements with our employees and consultants. However, any of these parties may breach such agreements and disclose our proprietary information, and we may not be able to obtain adequate remedies for such breaches. Enforcing a claim that a party illegally disclosed or misappropriated a trade secret can be difficult, expensive and time-consuming,time- consuming, and the outcome is unpredictable. If any of our trade secrets were to be lawfully obtained or independently developed by a competitor, we would have no right to prevent them from using that technology or information to compete with us and our competitive position would be harmed.

Furthermore, many of our employees, including our senior management, were previously employed at other biotechnology or pharmaceutical companies, including our competitors or potential competitors. Some of these employees, including each membermembers of our senior management, executed proprietary rights, non-disclosure and in some cases non-competition agreements in connection with suchtheir previous employment. Although we try to ensure that our employees do not use the proprietary information or know-how of others in their work for us, we may be subject to claims that we or these employees have used or disclosed intellectual property, including trade secrets or other proprietary information, of any such employee’s former employer. We are not aware of any threatened or pending claims related to these matters or concerning the agreements with our senior management, but in the future litigation may be necessary to defend against such claims. If we fail in defending any such claims, in addition to paying monetary damages, we may lose valuable intellectual property rights or personnel. Even if we are successful in defending against such claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a distraction to management.

In addition, while we typically require our employees, consultants and contractors who may be involved in the development of intellectual property to execute agreements assigning such intellectual property to us, we may be unsuccessful in executing such an agreement with each party who in fact develops intellectual property that we regard as our own, which may result in claims by or against us related to the ownership of such intellectual property. If we fail in prosecuting or defending any such claims, in addition to paying monetary damages, we may lose valuable intellectual property rights. Even if we are successful in prosecuting or defending against such claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a distraction to our management and scientific personnel.

We may not be successful in obtaining or maintaining necessary rights for our development pipeline through acquisitions and in-licenses.

Because our programs may involve additional drug candidates that may require the use of proprietary rights held by third parties, the growth of our business may depend in part on our ability to acquire and maintain licenses or other rights to use these proprietary rights. We may be unable to acquire or in-license any compositions, methods of use, or other third-party intellectual property rights from third parties that we identify. The licensing and acquisition of third-party intellectual property rights is a competitive area, and a number of more established companies are also pursuing strategies to license or acquire third-party intellectual property rights that we may consider attractive. These established companies may have a competitive advantage over us due to their size, cash resources and greater clinical development and commercialization capabilities.

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In addition, companies that perceive us to be a competitor may be unwilling to assign or license rights to us. We also may be unable to license or acquire third-party intellectual property rights on terms that would allow us to make an appropriate return on our investment. If we are unable to successfully obtain rights to required third-party intellectual property rights, our business, financial condition and prospects for growth could suffer.

If we fail to comply with our obligations in the agreements under which we license intellectual property rights from third parties or otherwise experience disruptions to our business relationships with our licensors, we could be required to pay monetary damages or could lose license rights that are important to our business.

We have entered into license agreements with third parties providing us with rights under various third-party patents and patent applications, including the rights to prosecute patent applications and to enforce patents. Certain of theseapplications. These license agreements impose and, for a variety of purposes, we may enter into additional licensing and funding arrangements with third parties that also may impose diligence, development or commercialization timelines and milestone payment, royalty, insurance and other obligations on us. Under certain of our existing licensing agreements, we are obligated to pay royalties on net product sales of our drug candidates once commercialized, pay a percentage of sublicensing revenues, make other specified payments relating to our drug candidates or pay license maintenance and other fees. We also have diligence and clinical development obligations under certain of these agreements that we are required to satisfy. If we fail to comply with our obligations under our current or future license agreements, our counterparties may have the right to terminate these agreements, in which event we might not be able to develop, manufacture or market any drugmedicine or drug candidate that is covered by the licenses provided for under these agreements or we may face claims for monetary damages or other penalties under these agreements. Such an occurrence could diminish the value of these products and our company. Termination of the licenses provided for under these agreements or reduction or elimination of our rights under these agreements may result in our having to negotiate new or reinstated agreements with less favorable terms, or cause us to lose our rights under these agreements, including our rights to important intellectual property or technology.

agreements.

Risks Related to Our Reliance on Third Parties

We rely on third parties to manufacture some of our commercial and clinical drug supplies. Our business could be harmed if those third parties fail to provide us with sufficient quantities of product or fail to do so at acceptable quality levels or prices.
Although we manufacture commercial supply of tislelizumab, zanubrutinib, and pamiparib at our manufacturing facilities in China, and are constructing a commercial-stage biologics manufacturing and clinical R&D center in New Jersey and a new small molecule manufacturing campus in Suzhou, China, we continue to rely on outside vendors to manufacture supplies and process some of our medicines and drug candidates. For example, we have entered into a commercial supply agreement for tislelizumab with Boehringer Ingelheim Biopharmaceuticals (China) Ltd. (“Boehringer Ingelheim”) and entered into a commercial supply agreement for BRUKINSAwith Catalent Pharma Solutions, LLC (“Catalent”). In addition, we generally rely on our collaboration partners and their third-party manufacturers for supply of in-licensed medicines in China. We have limited experience in manufacturing or processing our medicines and drug candidates on a commercial scale. Additionally, we have limited experience in managing the manufacturing process, and our process may be more difficult or expensive than the approaches currently in use.
Although we intend to use our own manufacturing facilities, we also intend to use third parties as part of our manufacturing process and for the clinical and commercial supply of our medicines and drug candidates. Our anticipated reliance on a limited number of third-party manufacturers exposes us to the following risks:
we may be unable to identify manufacturers on acceptable terms or at all because the number of potential manufacturers is limited and regulatory authorities must evaluate and/or approve any manufacturers as part of their regulatory oversight of our medicines and drug candidates. This evaluation would require new testing and GMP-compliance inspections by regulatory authorities;
our manufacturers may have little or no experience with manufacturing our medicines and drug candidates, and therefore may require a significant amount of support from us in order to implement and maintain the infrastructure and processes required to manufacture our medicines and drug candidates;
our third-party manufacturers might be unable to timely manufacture our medicines and drug candidates or produce the quantity and quality required to meet our clinical and commercial needs, if any. This may, in the future, require us to transfer manufacturing technology to a different manufacturer or use a different process, each of which would be both time consuming and costly and potentially require us to conduct comparative studies to determine bioequivalence of the new and prior manufacturers' products or the new and old processes;
manufacturers are subject to ongoing periodic unannounced inspection by the FDA and corresponding state agencies in the United States to ensure strict compliance with GMP requirements and other government regulations and by other comparable regulatory authorities for corresponding non-U.S. requirements. Manufacturers may be unable to comply with these GMPs which may result in fines and civil penalties, suspension of production, suspension, delay or withdrawal of product approval, or product seizure or recall. We do not have control over third-party manufacturers’ compliance with these regulations and requirements;
we may not own, or may have to share, the intellectual property rights to some of the technology used and improvements made by our third-party manufacturers in the manufacturing process for our medicines and drug candidates;
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raw materials and components used in the manufacturing process, particularly those for which we have no other source or supplier, may not be available or may not be suitable or acceptable for use due to material or component defects;
our contract manufacturers and drug component suppliers may be subject to disruptions in their business, including unexpected demand for or shortage of raw materials or components, cyber-attacks on supplier systems, labor disputes or shortage and inclement weather, as well as natural or man-made disasters or pandemics; and
manufacturing partners may require us to fund capital improvements to support scale-up of manufacturing and related activities to the extent our drug candidates or medicines become approved for commercial sale.
For example, on March 25, 2020, the NMPA suspended the importation, sales and use of ABRAXANE in China supplied to us by BMS, and the drug was subsequently recalled by BMS and is not currently available for sale in China. This suspension was based on inspection findings at BMS’s contract manufacturing facility in the United States. We have not had any sales of ABRAXANE since the suspension and do not expect future revenue from ABRAXANE. For additional information, please see the section of this Quarterly Report titled “Legal Proceedings”.
Each of these risks could delay or prevent the completion of our clinical trials or the approval of any of our drug candidates, result in higher costs or adversely impact development of our drug candidates or commercialization of our medicines. In addition, we will rely on third parties to perform certain specification tests on our medicines and drug candidates prior to delivery to patients. If these tests are not appropriately done and test data are not reliable, patients could be put at risk of serious harm and regulatory authorities could place significant restrictions on our company until deficiencies are remedied.
Currently, the raw materials for our manufacturing activities are supplied by multiple source suppliers, although portions of our supply chain may rely on sole source suppliers. We have agreements for the supply of drug materials with manufacturers or suppliers that we believe have sufficient capacity to meet our demands. In addition, we believe that adequate alternative sources for such supplies exist. However, there is a risk that, if supplies are interrupted, it would materially harm our business.
Manufacturers of drug and biological products often encounter difficulties in production, particularly in scaling up or out, validating the production process, and assuring high reliability of the manufacturing process (including the absence of contamination). These problems include logistics and shipping, difficulties with production costs and yields, quality control, including stability of the product, product testing, operator error, availability of qualified personnel, as well as compliance with strictly enforced federal, state and non-U.S. regulations. Furthermore, if contaminants are discovered in the supply of our medicines and drug candidates or in the manufacturing facilities, such manufacturing facilities may need to be closed for an extended period of time to investigate and remedy the contamination. We cannot assure you that any stability failures or other issues relating to the manufacture of our medicines and drug candidates will not occur in the future. Additionally, our manufacturers may experience manufacturing difficulties due to resource constraints or as a result of labor disputes or unstable political environments. If our manufacturers were to encounter any of these difficulties, or otherwise fail to comply with their contractual obligations, our ability to provide our medicines for commercial sale and our drug candidates to patients in clinical trials would be jeopardized. Any delay or interruption in the supply of clinical trial supplies could delay the completion of clinical trials, increase the costs associated with maintaining clinical trial programs and, depending upon the period of delay, require us to begin new clinical trials at additional expense or terminate clinical trials completely.
*We have entered into licensing and collaboration arrangements and may enter into additional collaborations, licensing arrangements, or strategic alliances in the future, and we may not realize the benefits of such arrangements.
We have entered into licensing and collaboration agreements and may enter into additional collaboration, licensing arrangements, or strategic alliances with third parties that we believe will complement or augment our research, development and commercialization efforts. Any of these relationships may require us to incur non-recurring and other charges, increase our near and long-term expenditures, issue securities that dilute our existing shareholders, or disrupt our management and business.
In August 2017, we acquired Celgene's commercial operations in China and an exclusive license to Celgene's (now BMS’s) commercial cancer portfolio in China, REVLIMID, VIDAZA and ABRAXANE. On March 25, 2020, the NMPA suspended the importation, sales and use of ABRAXANE in China supplied to us by BMS, and the drug was subsequently recalled by BMS and is not currently available for sale in China. This suspension was based on inspection findings at BMS’s contract manufacturing facility in the United States. We have not had any sales of ABRAXANE since the suspension and do not expect future revenue from ABRAXANE. For additional information, please see the section of this Quarterly Report titled “Legal Proceedings”.
In 2019, we entered into a strategic collaboration with Amgen with respect to its commercial-stage oncology products XGEVA, BLINCYTO and KYPROLIS and a portfolio of clinical- and late-preclinical-stage oncology pipeline products. In January 2021, we entered into a collaboration and license agreement with Novartis Pharma AG (“Novartis”), granting Novartis
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rights to develop, manufacture and commercialize our anti-PD-1 antibody tislelizumab in North America, Japan, the EU, and six other European countries, but that agreement was terminated in September 2023, pursuant to a mutual termination and release agreement, whereby we regained full, global rights to develop, manufacture and commercialize tislelizumab. In December 2021, we entered into an option, collaboration and license agreement with Novartis to develop, manufacture and commercialize our investigational TIGIT inhibitor, ociperlimab, in North America, Europe, and Japan, but that agreement was terminated in July 2023, pursuant to a mutual termination and release agreement, whereby we regained full, global rights to develop, manufacture and commercialize ociperlimab.

Our strategic collaborations involve numerous risks. We cannot be certain that we will achieve the financial and other benefits that led us to enter into the collaborations. Moreover, we may not achieve the revenue and cost synergies expected from our collaborations for their commercial products in China, and our management’s attention may be diverted from our drug discovery and development business. These synergies are inherently uncertain, and are subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are difficult to predict and are beyond our control. If we achieve the expected benefits, they may not be achieved within the anticipated time frame. Lastly, strategic collaborations can be terminated for various reasons. For example, our strategic collaboration with Celgene for the development and commercialization of tislelizumab, which we entered into in connection with the license agreement in 2017, was terminated in June 2019 in advance of the acquisition of Celgene by BMS, and we received a termination notice in October 2021 to terminate our license agreement for ABRAXANE in China. Similarly, we recently mutually terminated our agreement with Novartis regarding rights to develop, manufacture and commercialize both tislelizumab and ociperlimab.
Additionally, from time to time, we may enter into joint ventures with other companies. Establishment of a joint venture involves significant risks and uncertainties, including (i) our ability to cooperate with our strategic partner, (ii) our strategic partner having economic, business, or legal interests or goals that are inconsistent with ours, and (iii) the potential that our strategic partner may be unable to meet its economic or other obligations, which may require us to fulfill those obligations alone.
We face significant competition in seeking appropriate strategic partners, and the negotiation process is time-consuming and complex. Moreover, we may not be successful in our efforts to establish a strategic collaboration or other alternative arrangements for our medicines and drug candidates because they may be deemed to be at too early of a stage of development for collaborative effort and third parties may not view our medicines and drug candidates as having the requisite potential to demonstrate safety and efficacy or commercial viability. If and when we collaborate with a third party for development and commercialization of a medicine or drug candidate, we can expect to relinquish some or all of the control over the future success of that medicine or drug candidate to the third party. For any medicines or drug candidates that we may seek to in-license from third parties, we may face significant competition from other pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies with greater resources or capabilities than us, and any agreement that we do enter may not result in the anticipated benefits.
Collaborations involving our medicines and drug candidates are subject to numerous risks, which may include the following:
collaborators have significant discretion in determining the efforts and resources that they will apply to a collaboration;
collaborators may not pursue development and commercialization of our drug candidates and medicines or may elect not to continue or renew development or commercialization programs based on clinical trial results, changes in their strategic focus due to the acquisition of competitive drugs, availability of funding, or other external factors, such as a business combination that diverts resources or creates competing priorities;
collaborators may delay clinical trials, provide insufficient funding for a clinical trial, stop a clinical trial, abandon a drug candidate, repeat or conduct new clinical trials, or require a new formulation of a drug candidate for clinical testing;
collaborators could independently develop, or develop with third parties, drugs that compete directly or indirectly with our medicines or drug candidates;
a collaborator with marketing and distribution rights to one or more medicines may not commit sufficient resources to their marketing and distribution or may set prices that reduce the profitability of the medicines;
collaborators may not properly maintain or defend our intellectual property rights or may use our intellectual property or proprietary information in a way that gives rise to actual or threatened litigation that could jeopardize or invalidate our intellectual property or proprietary information or expose us to potential liability;
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disputes may arise between us and a collaborator that cause the delay or termination of the research, development or commercialization of our medicines and drug candidates, or that result in costly litigation or arbitration that diverts management attention and resources;
collaborations may be terminated and, if terminated, may result in a need for additional capital to pursue further development or commercialization of the applicable medicines and drug candidates; and
collaborators may own or co-own intellectual property covering our medicines and drug candidates that results from our collaborating with them, and in such cases, we would not have the exclusive right to commercialize such intellectual property.
As a result, we may not be able to realize the benefit of current or future collaborations, licensing arrangements or strategic alliances for our medicines and drug candidates if we are unable to successfully integrate such products with our existing operations and company culture, which could delay our timelines or otherwise adversely affect our business. We also cannot be certain that, following a strategic transaction or license, we will be able to fulfill all of our contractual obligations in a timely manner or achieve the revenue, specific net income or other goals that justify such transaction. If we are unable to reach agreements with suitable collaborators on a timely basis, on acceptable terms, or at all, we may have to curtail the development of a drug candidate, reduce or delay its development program or one or more of our other development programs, delay its potential commercialization or reduce the scope of any sales or marketing activities, or increase our expenditures and undertake development or commercialization activities at our own expense.
If we fail to maintain an effective distribution channel for our medicines, our business and sales could be adversely affected.
We rely on third-party distributors to distribute our approved medicines. For example, we rely on sole third-party distributors to distribute some of our in-licensed approved medicines in China and multiple third-party distributors for the distribution of our internally developed medicines. We also expect to rely on third-party distributors to distribute our other internally developed and in-licensed medicines, if approved. Our ability to maintain and grow our business will depend on our ability to maintain an effective distribution channel that ensures the timely delivery of our medicines. However, we have relatively limited control over our distributors, who may fail to distribute our medicines in the manner we contemplate. For example, while we have long-standing business relationship with our sole distributor for the in-licensed products from BMS, the agreement we entered into with our sole distributor can be terminated by either party upon six months’ written notice. If price controls or other factors substantially reduce the margins our distributors can obtain through the resale of our medicines to hospitals, medical institutions and sub-distributors, they may terminate their relationship with us. While we believe alternative distributors are readily available, there is a risk that, if the distribution of our medicines is interrupted, our sales volumes and business prospects could be adversely affected.
If third-party manufacturers fail to comply with manufacturing regulations, our financial results and financial condition could be adversely affected.
Before a third party can begin commercial manufacture of our medicines, they are subject to regulatory inspections of their manufacturing facilities, processes and quality systems. Due to the complexity of the processes used to manufacture drug and biological products, any potential third-party manufacturer may be unable to initially pass regulatory inspections in a timely or cost-effective manner in order for us to obtain regulatory approval. If contract manufacturers do not pass their inspections by the relevant regulatory authorities, our commercial supply of drug product or substance will be significantly delayed and may result in significant additional costs, including the delay or denial of any marketing application for our drug candidates or disruption in sales. In addition, drug and biological manufacturing facilities are continuously subject to inspection by regulatory authorities, before and after drug approval, and must comply with GMPs. Our or our collaborators' contract manufacturers may encounter difficulties in achieving quality control and quality assurance and may experience shortages in qualified personnel. In addition, contract manufacturers’ failure to achieve and maintain high manufacturing standards in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements, or the incidence of manufacturing errors, could result in patient injury, product liability claims, product shortages, product recalls or withdrawals, delays or failures in product testing or delivery, cost overruns or other problems that could seriously harm our business. If a third-party manufacturer with whom we or our collaborators' contract is unable to comply with manufacturing regulations, we may also be subject to fines, unanticipated compliance expenses, recall or seizure of our drugs, product liability claims, total or partial suspension of production and/or enforcement actions, including injunctions, and criminal or civil prosecution. These possible sanctions could materially adversely affect our financial results and financial condition. On March 25, 2020, the NMPA suspended the importation, sales and use of ABRAXANE in China supplied to us by BMS, and the drug was subsequently recalled by BMS and is not currently available for sale in China. This suspension was based on inspection findings at BMS’s contract manufacturing facility in the United States. We have not had any sales of ABRAXANE since the suspension and do not expect future revenue from ABRAXANE. For additional information, please see the section of this Quarterly Report titled “Legal Proceedings”.
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*If we are not able to successfully develop and/or commercialize Amgen’s oncology products, the expected benefits of the collaboration will not materialize.
We have a collaboration agreement with Amgen pursuant to which we and Amgen have agreed to collaborate on the commercialization of Amgen’s oncology products XGEVA, BLINCYTO and KYPROLIS in China, and the global development and commercialization in China of a portfolio of Amgen's clinical- and late-preclinical-stage pipeline products. Amgen has paused or stopped development of some of the pipeline assets due to portfolio prioritization, and the parties expect that the development plan for the pipeline assets will continue to evolve over time. In connection with our ongoing assessment of the collaboration agreement cost-share contributions, we determined that our further investment in the development of LUMAKRAS (sotorasib) (“AMG 510”), a first-in-class KRAS G12C inhibitor, was no longer commercially viable for BeiGene. As a result, in February 2023, we entered into an amendment to the collaboration agreement to (i) stop sharing costs with Amgen for the further development of AMG 510 during the period starting January 1, 2023 and ending August 31, 2023; and (ii) cooperate in good faith to prepare a transition plan with the anticipated termination of AMG 510 from the Collaboration Agreement. Additionally, for the period between 2020 and 2022, we were advised by Amgen that its applications to the Human Genetic Resources Administration of China (“HGRAC”) to obtain approval to conduct clinical studies in China for the pipeline assets were delayed. Approval from the HGRAC is required for the initiation of clinical trials involving the collection of human genetic materials in China. We do not expect the previous HGRAC delay to affect the conduct of the clinical trials in China for our drug candidates, other than assets that are part of the Amgen collaboration. The Amgen collaboration involves numerous risks, including unanticipated costs and diversion of our management’s attention from our other drug discovery and development business. There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully develop and commercialize Amgen’s oncology products in China, which could disrupt our business and harm our financial results.
*We may rely on third parties to conduct our preclinical studies and clinical trials and we must work effectively with collaborators to develop our drug candidates.trials. If these third parties do not successfully carry out their contractual duties or meet expected deadlines, we may not be able to obtain regulatory approval for or commercialize our medicines and drug candidates and our business could be substantially harmed.

We have relied upon and plan to continue to rely to some extent upon third-party CROs to monitor and manage data and provide other services for our ongoing preclinical and clinical programs. We may rely on these parties for execution of our preclinical studies and clinical trials, and control only certain aspects of their activities. Nevertheless, we are responsible for ensuring that each of our studies is conducted in accordance with the applicable protocol, legal and regulatory requirements and scientific standards, and our reliance on the CROs does not relieve us of our regulatory responsibilities. We, our CROs for our clinical programs and our clinical investigators are required to comply with GCPs, which are regulations and guidelines enforced by the FDA, CFDA, EMA and other comparable regulatory authorities for all of our drugsdrug candidates in clinical development. Regulatory authorities enforce these GCPs through periodic inspections of trial sponsors, principal investigators and trial sites. If we or any of our CROs or clinical investigators fail to comply with applicable GCPs and other regulatory requirements, the clinical data generated in our clinical trials may be deemed unreliable and the FDA, CFDA, EMA or comparable regulatory authorities may require us to perform additional clinical trials before approving our marketing applications. We cannot assure you that upon inspection by a given regulatory authority, such regulatory authority will determine that any of our clinical trials comply with GCP regulations. In addition, our pivotal clinical trials must be conducted with drug product produced under cGMPGMP regulations. Our failure to comply with these regulations may require us to repeat clinical trials, which would delay the regulatory approval process.

Our CROs have the right We could also be subject to terminate their agreements with us in the event of an uncured material breach. In addition, some of our CROs have an ability to terminate their respective agreements with us if it can be reasonably demonstrated that the safety of the subjects participating in our clinical trials warrants such termination, if we make a general assignment for the benefit of our creditors or if we are liquidated.

government investigations and enforcement actions.

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If any of our relationships with these third-party CROs terminate, we may not be able to enter into arrangements with alternative CROs or to do so on commercially reasonable terms. In addition, our CROs are not our employees, and except for remedies available to us under our agreements with such CROs, we cannot control whether or not they devote sufficient time and resources to our ongoing clinical and nonclinical programs. If CROs do not successfully carry out their contractual duties or obligations or meet expected deadlines, if they need to be replaced or if the quality or accuracy of the clinical data they or our clinical investigators obtain is compromised due to the failure to adhere to our clinical protocols, regulatory requirements or for other reasons, our clinical trials may be extended, delayed or terminated and we may not be able to obtain regulatory approval for or successfully commercialize our drug candidates. As a result, our results of operations and the commercial prospects for our drug candidates would be harmed, our costs could increase and our ability to generate revenues could be delayed.

Switching or adding additional CROs involves additional cost and requires management time and focus. In addition, there is a natural transition period when a new CRO commences work. As a result, delays, occur, which can materially influence our ability to meet our desired clinical development timelines. Though we carefully manage our relationships with our CROs, thereThere can be no assurance that we will not encounter similar challenges or delays in the future or that these delays or challenges will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and prospects.

Risks Related to Our Industry, Business and Operations
We have significantly increased and expect to continue to increase our research, development, manufacturing, and commercial capabilities, and we may experience difficulties in managing our growth.
At the beginning of 2022, we had approximately 8,000 employees, and we ended the year with approximately 9,000 employees, an increase of 15%. As of the date of this Quarterly Report, we had over 10,000 employees. We expect to continue
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our growth. Most of our employees are full-time. As our research, development, manufacturing and commercialization plans and strategies evolve, we must add a significant number of additional managerial, operational, drug development, clinical, regulatory affairs, manufacturing, sales, marketing, financial and other personnel in the United States, China, Europe and other regions. Our recent growth and any anticipated future growth will impose significant added responsibilities on members of management, including:
identifying, recruiting, integrating, maintaining, and motivating additional employees;
managing the growth in our research, clinical operations, commercial, and supporting functions;
managing our internal development efforts effectively, including the clinical and regulatory review process for our drug candidates, while complying with our contractual obligations to third parties; and
improving our operational, financial and management controls, reporting systems and procedures.
Our future revenues are dependentfinancial performance and our ability to develop and commercialize our medicines and drug candidates will depend, in part, on our ability to work effectively with collaboratorsmanage our recent growth and any future growth, and our management may also have to develop our product candidates, includingdivert a disproportionate amount of its attention away from day-to-day activities in order to obtain regulatory approval. Our arrangements with collaboratorsdevote a substantial amount of time to managing these growth activities.
We currently rely, and for the foreseeable future will continue to rely, on certain independent organizations, advisors and consultants to provide certain services. There can be no assurance that the services of these independent organizations, advisors and consultants will continue to be available to us on a timely basis when needed, or that we can find qualified replacements. There can be no assurance that we will be criticalable to successfully bringing productsmanage our existing consultants or find other competent outside contractors and consultants on economically reasonable terms, if at all.
If we are not able to marketeffectively manage our growth and commercializing them. We rely on collaborators in various respects, including to undertake researchfurther expand our organization by hiring new employees and development programsexpanding our groups of consultants and conduct clinical trials for our licensed technology, manage or assist with the regulatory filings and approval process and to assist with our commercialization efforts.  We do not control our collaborators; therefore, we cannot ensure that these third parties will adequately and timely perform all of their obligations to us. If they fail to complete the remaining studies successfully, or at all, it could delay, adversely affect or prevent regulatory approval. We cannot guarantee the satisfactory performance of any of our collaborators and if any of our collaborators breach or terminate their agreements with us,contractors as needed, we may not be able to successfully commercializeimplement the licensed product which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations.

*We expecttasks necessary to rely on third parties to manufacture at least a portion of our drug candidate supplies, and we intend to rely on third parties for some or all of our drugs and any approved drug candidates. Our business could be harmed if those third parties fail to provide us with sufficient quantities of product or fail to do so at acceptable quality levels or prices.

Although we currently have a facility that may be used as our clinical-scale manufacturing and processing facility and are building manufacturing facilities in China, we intend to at least partially rely on outside vendors to manufacture supplies and process our drugs and drug candidates. For example, we rely on Celgene and its third-party manufacturers for supply of ABRAXANE®, REVLIMID®, and VIDAZA® in China.  We have not yet caused our drug candidates to be manufactured or processed on a commercial scale and may not be able to do so for any of our drug candidates. We have limited experience in managing the manufacturing process, and our process may be more difficult or expensive than the approaches currently in use.

Although we intend to further develop our own manufacturing facilities, we also intend to use third parties as part of our manufacturing process. Our anticipated reliance on a limited number of third-party manufacturers exposes us to the following risks:

·

we may be unable to identify manufacturers on acceptable terms or at all because the number of potential manufacturers is limited and the FDA, CFDA, EMA or other comparable regulatory authorities must evaluate and/or approve any manufacturers as part of their regulatory oversight of our drug candidates. This evaluation would require new testing and cGMP-compliance inspections by FDA, CFDA, EMA or other comparable regulatory authorities. In addition, a new manufacturer would have to be educated in, or develop substantially equivalent processes for, production of our drugs and drug candidates;

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·

our manufacturers may have little or no experience with manufacturing our drug candidates, and therefore may require a significant amount of support from us in order to implement and maintain the infrastructure and processes required to manufacture our drug candidates;

·

our third-party manufacturers might be unable to timely manufacture our drugs and drug candidates or produce the quantity and quality required to meet our clinical and commercial needs, if any;

·

contract manufacturers may not be able to execute our manufacturing procedures and other logistical support requirements appropriately;

·

our third-party manufacturers may not perform as agreed, may not devote sufficient resources to our drugs and drug candidates, or may not remain in the contract manufacturing business for the time required to supply our clinical trials or to successfully produce, store and distribute our drugs and drug candidates;

·

manufacturers are subject to ongoing periodic unannounced inspection by the FDA and corresponding state agencies in the United States to ensure strict compliance with cGMPs and other government regulations and by other comparable regulatory authorities for corresponding non-U.S. requirements. We do not have control over third-party manufacturers’ compliance with these regulations and requirements;

·

we may not own, or may have to share, the intellectual property rights to any improvements made by our third-party manufacturers in the manufacturing process for our drug candidates and drugs;

·

our third-party manufacturers could breach or terminate their agreement with us;

·

raw materials and components used in the manufacturing process, particularly those for which we have no other source or supplier, may not be available or may not be suitable or acceptable for use due to material or component defects;

·

our contract manufacturers and critical reagent suppliers may be subject to inclement weather, as well as natural or man-made disasters; and

·

our contract manufacturers may have unacceptable or inconsistent product quality success rates and yields.

Each of these risks could delay or prevent the completion of our clinical trials or the approval of any of our drug candidates by the FDA, CFDA, EMA or other comparable regulatory authorities, result in higher costs or adversely impact commercialization of our drug candidates. In addition, we will rely on third parties to perform certain specification tests on our drugs and drug candidates prior to delivery to patients. If these tests are not appropriately done and test data are not reliable, patients could be put at risk of serious harm and the FDA, CFDA, EMA or other comparable regulatory authorities could place significant restrictions on our company until deficiencies are remedied.

The manufacture of drug and biological products is complex and requires significant expertise and capital investment, including the development of advanced manufacturing techniques and process controls.

Currently, our drug raw materials for our manufacturing activities are supplied by multiple source suppliers. We have agreements for the supply of drug materials with manufacturers or suppliers that we believe have sufficient capacity to meet our demands. In addition, we believe that adequate alternative sources for such supplies exist. However, there is a risk that, if supplies are interrupted, it would materially harm our business.

Manufacturers of drug and biological products often encounter difficulties in production, particularly in scaling up or out, validating the production process, and assuring high reliability of the manufacturing process (including the absence of contamination). These problems include logistics and shipping, difficulties with production costs and yields, quality control, including stability of the product, product testing, operator error, availability of qualified personnel, as well as compliance with strictly enforced federal, state and non-U.S. regulations. Furthermore, if contaminants are

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discovered in our supply of our drugs and drug candidates or in the manufacturing facilities, such manufacturing facilities may need to be closed for an extended period of time to investigate and remedy the contamination. We cannot assure you that any stability failures or other issues relating to the manufacture of our drug candidates will not occur in the future. Additionally, our manufacturers may experience manufacturing difficulties due to resource constraints or as a result of labor disputes or unstable political environments. If our manufacturers were to encounter any of these difficulties, or otherwise fail to comply with their contractual obligations, our ability to provide our drugs for commercial sale andour drug candidates to patients in clinical trials would be jeopardized. Any delay or interruption in the supply of clinical trial supplies could delay the completion of clinical trials, increase the costs associated with maintaining clinical trial programs and, depending upon the period of delay, require us to begin new clinical trials at additional expense or terminate clinical trials completely.

*If third-party manufacturers fail to comply with manufacturing regulations, our financial results and financial condition will be adversely affected.

Before a third party can begin commercial manufacture of our drugs and drug candidates, contract manufacturers are subject to regulatory inspections of their manufacturing facilities, processes and quality systems. Due to the complexity of the processes used to manufacture drug and biological products and our drug candidates, any potential third-party manufacturer may be unable to initially pass federal, state or international regulatory inspections in a cost effective manner in order for us to obtain regulatory approval of our drug candidates. If our contract manufacturers do not pass their inspections by the FDA, CFDA, EMA or other comparable regulatory authorities, our commercial supply of drug product or substance will be significantly delayed and may result in significant additional costs, including the delay or denial of any marketing application for our drug candidates or disruption in sales. In addition, drug and biological manufacturing facilities are continuously subject to inspection by the FDA, CFDA, EMA and other comparable regulatory authorities, before and after drug approval, and must comply with cGMPs. Our contract manufacturers may encounter difficulties in achieving quality control and quality assurance and may experience shortages in qualified personnel. In addition, contract manufacturers’ failure to achieve and maintain high manufacturing standards in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements, or the incidence of manufacturing errors, could result in patient injury, product liability claims, product shortages, product recalls or withdrawals, delays or failures in product testing or delivery, cost overruns or other problems that could seriously harm our business. If a third-party manufacturer with whom we contract is unable to comply with manufacturing regulations, we may also be subject to fines, unanticipated compliance expenses, recall or seizure of our drugs, product liability claims, total or partial suspension of production and/or enforcement actions, including injunctions, and criminal or civil prosecution. These possible sanctions could materially adversely affect our financial results and financial condition.

Furthermore, changes in the manufacturing process or procedure, including a change in the location where the product is manufactured or a change of a third-party manufacturer, could require prior review by the FDA, CFDA, EMA or other comparable regulatory authorities and/or approval of the manufacturing process and procedures in accordance with the FDA, CFDA or EMA’s regulations or comparable requirements. This review may be costly and time consuming and could delay or prevent the launch of a product. The new facility will also be subject to pre-approval inspection. In addition, we have to demonstrate that the product made at the new facility is equivalent to the product made at the former facility by physical and chemical methods, which are costly and time consuming. It is also possible that the FDA, CFDA, EMA or other comparable regulatory authorities may require clinical testing as a way to prove equivalency, which would result in additional costs and delay.

*We have entered into collaborations and may form or seek collaborations or strategic alliances or enter into additional licensing arrangements in the future, and we may not realize the benefits of such alliances or licensing arrangements.

We may form or seek strategic alliances, create joint ventures or collaborations, or enter into additional licensing arrangements with third parties that we believe will complement or augment our development and commercialization efforts with respect to our drug candidates and any future drug candidates that we may develop. Any of these relationships may require us to incur non-recurring and other charges, increase our near and long-term expenditures, issue securities that dilute our existing shareholders, or disrupt our management and business.

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For example, in October 2013, we entered into license agreements with Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany, which we refer to respectively as the Ex-PRC PARP Agreement and the PRC PARP Agreement, pursuant to which (a) we granted to Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany an exclusive license under certain of our intellectual property rights to develop and manufacture, and, if Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany exercised a continuation option, to commercialize and manufacture our compound BGB-290 and any other compound covered by the same existing patent rights with primary activity to inhibit PARP 1, 2 or 3 enzymes, or the Licensed PARP Inhibitors, in all countries of the world excluding The People’s Republic of China, and (b) Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany granted us an exclusive license under certain of its intellectual property rights to develop, manufacture and commercialize the Licensed PARP Inhibitors in The People’s Republic of China, or the PRC Territory. Under the terms of the PRC PARP Agreement, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany has an option to acquire exclusive commercialization rights under the BGB-290 PARP program in the PRC Territory if BGB-290 does not receive national priority project status in China under its 12th or 13th five-year plan by July 28, 2017. We applied for national priority project status for BGB-290 to be effective from the beginning of 2017. Our application is in process and we believe it will be approved.  However, there have been unanticipated governmental delays that have impacted the 2017 applicant pool for national project priority status and we expect that we will now receive formal notification in 2018.  As such, we intend to discuss with Merck KGaA, Darmstadt Germany the impact of this delay on the PRC PARP Agreement.

In addition, on August 31, 2017, we closed a strategic collaboration with Celgene pursuant to which we granted Celgene exclusive rights to develop and commercialize BGB-A317 in patients with solid tumor cancers in the United States, Europe, Japan and the rest of world outside Asia. We and Celgene also agreed to collaborate on up to eight registrational trials for BGB-A317 in solid tumors, including trials currently being planned by us. We retain exclusive rights for the development and commercialization of BGB-A317 for hematological cancers globally and for solid tumors in China and the rest of Asia, other than Japan. In connection with this collaboration, we also acquired Celgene’s commercial operations and salesforce in China as disclosed elsewhere in this report.

We face significant competition in seeking appropriate strategic partners and the negotiation process is time-consuming and complex. Moreover, we may not be successful in our efforts to establish a strategic partnership or other alternative arrangements for our drug candidates because they may be deemed to be at too early of a stage of development for collaborative effort and third parties may not view our drug candidates as having the requisite potential to demonstrate safety and efficacy. If and when we collaborate with a third party for development and commercialization of a drug candidate, we can expect to relinquish some or all of the control over the future success of that drug candidate to the third party. For any drugs or drug candidates that we may seek to in-license from third parties, we may face significant competition from other pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies with greater resources or capabilities than us, and any agreement that we do enter may result in the anticipated benefits.

Further, collaborations involving our drugsmedicines and drug candidates are subject to numerous risks, which may include the following:

·

collaborators have significant discretion in determining the efforts and resources that they will apply to a collaboration;

·

collaborators may not pursue development and commercialization of our drug candidates or may elect not to continue or renew development or commercialization programs based on clinical trial results, changes in their strategic focus due to the acquisition of competitive drugs, availability of funding, or other external factors, such as a business combination that diverts resources or creates competing priorities;

·

collaborators may delay clinical trials, provide insufficient funding for a clinical trial, stop a clinical trial, abandon a drug candidate, repeat or conduct new clinical trials, or require a new formulation of a drug candidate for clinical testing;

·

collaborators could independently develop, or develop with third parties, drugs that compete directly or indirectly with our drugs or drug candidates;

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·

a collaborator with marketing and distribution rights to one or more drugs may not commit sufficient resources to their marketing and distribution;

·

collaborators may not properly maintain or defend our intellectual property rights or may use our intellectual property or proprietary information in a way that gives rise to actual or threatened litigation that could jeopardize or invalidate our intellectual property or proprietary information or expose us to potential liability;

·

disputes may arise between us and a collaborator that cause the delay or termination of the research, development or commercialization of our drug candidates, or that result in costly litigation or arbitration that diverts management attention and resources;

·

collaborations may be terminated and, if terminated, may result in a need for additional capital to pursue further development or commercialization of the applicable drug candidates; and

·

collaborators may own or co-own intellectual property covering our drugs that results from our collaborating with them, and in such cases, we would not have the exclusive right to commercialize such intellectual property.

As a result, weand, accordingly, may not be able to realize the benefit of current or future collaborations, strategic partnerships or the license ofachieve our third-party drugs if we are unable to successfully integrate such products with our existing operations and company culture, which could delay our timelines or otherwise adversely affect our business. We also cannot be certain that, following a strategic transaction or license, we will achieve the revenue or specific net income that justifies such transaction. If we are unable to reach agreements with suitable collaborators on a timely basis, on acceptable terms, or at all, we may have to curtail theresearch, development, of a drug candidate, reduce or delay its development program or one or more of our other development programs, delay its potential commercialization or reduce the scope of any sales or marketing activities, or increase our expenditures and undertake development or commercialization activities at our own expense. If we elect to fund and undertake development or commercialization activities on our own, we may need to obtain additional expertise and additional capital, which may not be available to us on acceptable terms or at all. If we fail to enter into collaborations and do not have sufficient funds or expertise to undertake the necessary developmentmanufacturing and commercialization activities, we may not be able to further develop our drug candidates or bring them to market and generate product sales revenue, which would harm our business prospects, financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Related to Our Industry, Business and Operations

goals.

*Our future success depends on our ability to retain the Chairman of our scientific advisory board and our Chief Executive Officer and other key executives and to attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel.

We are highly dependent on

Xiaodong Wang, Ph.D., our Founder,Co-Founder, Chairman of our scientific advisory board, and director; John V. Oyler, our Founder,Co-Founder, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board;board of directors; Xiaobin Wu, Ph.D., our President, Chief Operating Officer and General Manager of China; Julia Wang, our Chief Financial Officer; and the other principal members of our management and scientific teams play a critical role in the Company's operation and scientific advisory board.development. Although we have formal employment agreements or offer letters with each of our executive officers, these agreements do not prevent our executives from terminating their employment with us at any time. We do not maintain “key person” insurance for any of our executives or other employees. The loss of the services of any of these persons could impede the achievement of our research, development and commercialization objectives.

To induce valuable employees to remain at our company, in addition to salary and cash incentives, we have provided share option, restricted share unit and restricted share grants that vest over time.time or based on performance conditions. The value to employees of these equity grants that vest over time may be significantly affected by movements in the ADSour share price that are beyond our control and may at any time be insufficient to counteract more lucrative offers from other companies. Although we have employment agreements or offer letters with our key employees, any of our employees could leave our employment at any time, with or without notice.

Recruiting and retaining qualified scientific, clinical, manufacturing and sales and marketing personnel or consultants will also be critical to our success. In addition, we rely on consultants and advisors, including scientific and

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clinical advisors, to assist us in formulating and executing our discovery, and preclinicalclinical development, manufacturing and commercialization strategy. The loss of the services of our executive officers or other key employees and consultants could impede the achievement of our research, development, manufacturing and commercialization objectives and seriously harm our ability to successfully implement our business strategy.

Furthermore, replacing executive officers andexecutives, key employees or consultants may be difficult and may take an extended period of time because of the limited number of individuals in our industry with the breadth of skills and experience required to successfully develop, gain regulatory approval of and commercialize products. Competition to hire from this limited pool is intense, and we may be unable to hire, train, retain or motivate these key personnel or consultants on acceptable terms, given the competition among numerous pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies for similar personnel.

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We also experience competition for the hiring of scientific and clinical personnel from universities and research institutions. Our consultants and advisors may be employed by employers other than us and may have commitments under consulting or advisory contracts with other entities that may limit their availability to us. If we are unable to continue to attract and retain high quality personnel, our ability to pursue our growth strategy will be limited.

*We will needOur business is subject to increasecomplex and evolving industry-specific laws and regulations regarding the sizecollection and capabilitiestransfer of personal data. These laws and regulations can be complex and stringent, and many are subject to change and uncertain interpretation, which could result in claims, changes to our organization, and we may experience difficulties in managing our growth.

In the beginning of 2016, we had 192 full-time employees, and we ended the year with 321 full-time employees. As of September 30, 2017, we had 727 employees, including 129 employees added in connection with our acquisition of Celgene’s China operations on August 31, 2017. Most of our employees are full-time. As our development and commercialization plans and strategies evolve, we must add a significant number of additional managerial, operational, sales, marketing, financialdata and other personnel. Our recent growthbusiness practices, significant penalties, increased cost of operations, or otherwise adversely impact our business.

Regulatory authorities around the world have implemented industry-specific laws and regulations that affect the collection and transfer of personal data. For example, in China, the Regulation on the Administration of Human Genetic Resources (“HGR” and, such regulation, the “HGR Regulation”) promulgated by the State Council applies to activities that involve sampling, biobanking, use of HGR materials and associated data, in China, and provision of such materials to foreign parties. The HGR Regulation prohibits both onshore or offshore entities established or actually controlled by foreign entities and individuals from sampling or biobanking any future growth will impose significant added responsibilities on members of management, including:

·

identifying, recruiting, integrating, maintaining, and motivating additional employees;

·

managing our internal development efforts effectively, including the clinical and FDA or other comparable regulatory authority review process for our drug candidates, while complying with our contractual obligations to contractors and other third parties; and

·

improving our operational, financial and management controls, reporting systems and procedures.

Our future financial performanceChina HGR in China and our ability to commercialize our drugs and drug candidates will depend, in part, on our ability to effectively manage our recent growth and any future growth, and our management may also have to divert a disproportionate amount of its attention away from day-to-day activities in order to devote a substantial amount of time to managing these growth activities.

We currently rely, andrequire approval for the foreseeable future will continuesampling of certain HGR and biobanking of all HGR by Chinese parties. Approval for any export or cross-border transfer of HGR material is required, and transfer of China HGR data by Chinese parties to rely, in substantial part on certain independent organizations, advisors and consultantsforeign parties or entities established or actually controlled by them also requires the Chinese parties to provide certain services. There can be no assurance thatfile, before the services of these independent organizations, advisors and consultants will continue to be available to us ontransfer, a timely basis when needed, or that we can find qualified replacements. In addition, if we are unable to effectively manage our outsourced activities or if the quality or accuracycopy of the services provideddata to the HGR administration for record. The HGR Regulation also requires that foreign parties ensure the full participation of Chinese parties in international collaborations and all records and data must be shared with the Chinese parties. The Implementing Rules for the HGR Regulation (the “HGR Implementing Rules”) and additional issued guidance has clarified many areas of the HGR Regulation, including: data covered excludes gene-irrelevant clinical data, image data, protein data, and metabolic data; “actual control” by consultants is compromisedforeign parties includes not only being controlled through equity interests but also investment or contractual arrangements; companies incorporated in Hong Kong Special Administration Region (“SAR”) and Macau SAR but essentially controlled by Chinese domestic entities are not foreign parties; foreign entities operating the electronic data capture system for an in-China trial are not foreign parties; if foreign entities do not substantively participate in gene-related scientific studies, nor obtain any reason, ourstudy data, then such studies are not subject to HGR Regulation; and human urine, feces, blood plasma, and blood serum are not regarded as HGR materials. For information about applications under the HGR Regulation for clinical trials may be extended, delayed or terminated, and we may not be able to obtain regulatory approvalstudies in China that are part of our drug candidates or otherwise advance our business. There can be no assurance that we will be able to manage our existing consultants or find other competent outside contractors and consultants on economically reasonable terms, if at all.

Ifthe Amgen - BeiGene Collaboration, see the risk factor entitled “If we are not able to effectively manage our growthsuccessfully develop and/or commercialize Amgen’s oncology products, the expected benefits of the collaboration will not materialize.”

Further to the draft HGR implementing rules, the Cyberspace Administration of China (“CAC”) released the final Measures of Cross-Border Data Transfer Security Assessment on July 7, 2022 (effective as of September 1, 2022), under which any transfer of certain “important data” out of China shall trigger a security assessment to be conducted by the Chinese government. The term “important data” is a broadly defined term under the Cybersecurity Law and Data Security Law, and further expand our organizationclarifications need to be put in place by hiringthe Chinese government before international companies could find a practical way to comply. However, under the latest draft Important Data Identification Rules, HGR data is classified as “important data,” and if the guidance is finalized as is, it can be expected that this new employeescross-border data transfer rule may create considerable additional regulatory burdens on international companies' human gene-involved R&D activities in China (i.e., adding a third layer of CAC's regulatory approval in addition to HGRAC's and expanding our groups of consultantsNMPA's).
If the Chinese parties fail to comply with data protection laws, regulations and contractors as needed, we may not be able to successfully implement the tasks necessary to further developpractice standards, and commercialize our drugs and drug candidates and, accordingly, may not achieve our research development and commercialization goals.

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Our employees, independent contractors, consultants, commercial partners and vendors may engage in misconductdata is obtained by unauthorized persons, used or other improper activities, including noncompliance with regulatory standards and requirements.

We are exposed to the risk of fraud, misconductdisclosed inappropriately or other illegal activity by our employees, independent contractors, consultants, commercial partners and vendors. Misconduct by these parties could include intentional, reckless and negligent conduct that fails to: comply with the laws of the FDA and other similar non-U.S. regulatory authorities; provide true, complete and accurate information to the FDA and other similar non-U.S. regulatory authorities; comply with manufacturing standards we have established; comply with healthcare fraud and abuse laws in the United States and similar non-U.S. fraudulent misconduct laws; or report financial information or data accurately or to disclose unauthorized activities to us. If we obtain FDA approval of any of our drug candidates and begin commercializing those drugs in the United States, our potential exposure under U.S. laws will increase significantly and our costs associated with compliance with such laws are also likely to increase. These laws may impact, among other things, our current activities with principal investigators and research patients, as well as future sales, marketing and education programs. In particular, the promotion, sales and marketing of healthcare items and services, as well as certain business arrangements in the healthcare industry, are subject to extensive laws designed to prevent fraud, kickbacks, self-dealing and other abusive practices. These laws and regulations may restrict or prohibit a wide range of pricing, discounting, marketing and promotion, structuring and commission(s), certain customer incentive programs and other business arrangements generally. Activities subject to these laws also involve the improper use of information obtained in the course of patient recruitment for clinical trials, whichdestroyed, it could result in regulatory sanctions and cause serious harm toa loss of our reputation. It is not always possible to identify and deter misconduct by employees and other parties, and the precautions we take to detect and prevent this activity may not be effective in controlling unknown or unmanaged risks or losses or in protecting us from governmental investigations or other actions or lawsuits stemming from a failure to comply with these laws or regulations. If any such actions are instituted against us, and we are not successful in defending ourselves or asserting our rights, those actions could have a significant impact on our business, including the imposition of significant fines or other sanctions.

Our disclosure controls and procedures may not prevent or detect all errors or acts of fraud.

As a public company, we are subject to the periodic reporting requirements of the Exchange Act. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to reasonably assure thatconfidential information required to be disclosed by us in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, and recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. We believe that any disclosure controls and procedures or internal controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met.

These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people or by an unauthorized override of the controls. Accordingly, because of the inherent limitations in our control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

*In order to continue to satisfy our obligations as a public company, we will need to hire additional qualified accounting and financial personnel with appropriate public company experience.

As a public company, we need to establish and maintain effective disclosure and financial controls and make changes in our corporate governance practices. We need to hire additional accounting and financial personnel with appropriate public company experience and technical accounting knowledge, particularly in the area of financial planning and analysis, and it may be difficult to recruit and maintain such personnel. Even if we are able to hire appropriate personnel, our existing operating expenses and operations will be impacted by the direct costs of their employment and the indirect consequences related to the diversion of management resources from product development efforts.

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*If we engage in acquisitions or strategic partnerships, such as our global collaboration with Celgene and acquisition of Celgene’s commercial operations in China, this may increase our capital requirements, dilute our shareholders, cause us to incur debt or assume contingent liabilities, and subject us to other risks.

Welitigation and government enforcement actions. It is possible that these laws may evaluate various acquisitionsbe interpreted and strategic partnerships, including licensingapplied in a manner that is inconsistent with our or acquiring complementary products, intellectual property rights, technologiesour collaborators’ practices, potentially resulting in suspension of relevant ongoing clinical trials or businesses. Any completed, in-processthe initiation of new trials, confiscation of HGR samples and associated data and administrative fines, disgorgement of illegal gains, or potential acquisitiontemporary or strategic partnership, includingpermanent debarment of our acquisitionor our collaborators’ entities and responsible persons from further HGR projects and, consequently, a de-facto ban on the debarred entities from initiating new clinical trials in China. So far, the HGR administration has disclosed a number of Celgene’s commercial operationsHGR violation cases. In one case, the sanctioned party was the Chinese subsidiary of a multinational pharmaceutical company that was found to have illegally transferred certain HGR materials to CROs for conducting certain unapproved research. In addition to a written warning and confiscation of relevant HGR materials, the Chinese subsidiary of the multinational pharmaceutical company was requested by the HGR administration to take rectification measures and at the same time banned from submitting any HGR applications until the HGR administration was satisfied with the rectification results, which rendered it unable to initiate new clinical trials in China until the exclusive license from Celgeneban was lifted. In another case, a public hospital was found to ushave illegally transferred certain HGR data to a university in Europe, and that hospital was eventually subject to the same ban.

To further tighten the control of China HGR, the rightChinese government adopted amendments to commercialize certain of Celgene’s cancer therapies in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan) and our global collaboration with Celgene for BGB-A317, which we refer to collectively as the Celgene Transaction, may entail numerous risks, including:

·

increased operating expenses and cash requirements;

·

the assumption of additional indebtedness or contingent or unforeseen liabilities;

·

the issuance of our equity securities;

·

assimilation of operations, intellectual property and products of an acquired company, including difficulties associated with integrating new personnel;

·

the diversion of our management’s attention from our existing product programs and initiatives in pursuing such a strategic merger or acquisition;

·

retention of key employees, the loss of key personnel, and uncertainties in our ability to maintain key business relationships;

·

risks and uncertainties associated with the other party to such a transaction, including the prospects of that party and their existing drugs or drug candidates and regulatory approvals; and

·

our inability to generate revenue from acquired technology and/or products sufficient to meet our objectives in undertaking the acquisition or even to offset the associated acquisition and maintenance costs.

In addition, if we undertake acquisitions, we may issue dilutive securities, assume or incur debt obligations, incur large one-time expenses and acquire intangible assets that could result in significant future amortization expense. For example, in connection with the Celgene Transaction, we issued to an affiliate of Celgene 32,746,416 ordinary shares, or approximately 4.3% of our outstanding sharesCriminal Code, effective as of September 30, 2017. Moreover, weMarch 1, 2021, which criminalize the illegal collection of China HGR, the illegal transfer of China HGR materials outside

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of China, and the transfer of China HGR data to foreign parties or entities established or actually controlled by them without going through security review and assessment. An individual who is convicted of any of these violations may not be able to locate suitable acquisition or license opportunities and this inability could impair our ability to grow or obtain access to technology or products that may be important to the development of our business.

If we fail to comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act or other anti-bribery laws, our reputation may be harmed and we could be subject to penalties and significant expenses that havepublic surveillance, criminal detention, a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and resultsfixed-term imprisonment of operations.

Although currently our primary operating business isup to 7 years, and/or a criminal fine. On April 15, 2021, the Biosecurity Law became effective. The Biosecurity Law establishes an integrated system to regulate biosecurity-related activities in China, including the security regulation of HGR and biological resources. The Biosecurity Law for the first time expressly declared that China has sovereignty over its HGR and further endorsed the HGR Regulation by recognizing the fundamental regulatory principles and systems established by it over the utilization of Chinese HGR by foreign entities in China. Although the Biosecurity Law does not provide any specific new regulatory requirements on HGR, as it is a law adopted by China’s highest legislative authority, it gives China’s major regulatory authority of HGR, i.e., the Ministry of Science and Technology, significantly more power and discretion to regulate HGR and it is expected that the overall regulatory landscape for Chinese HGR will evolve and become even more rigorous. In addition, the interpretation and application of data protection laws in China and elsewhere are often uncertain and in flux.

We expect that these areas will receive greater and continued attention and scrutiny from regulators and the public going forward, which could increase our compliance costs and subject us to heightened risks and challenges associated with data security and protection. If we are subjectunable to the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or FCPA. The FCPA generally prohibits us from making improper payments to non-U.S. officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. We are also subject to the anti-bribery laws of other jurisdictions, particularly China. As our business has expanded, the applicability of the FCPA and other anti-bribery laws to our operations has increased. Our procedures and controls to monitor anti-bribery compliance may fail to protect us from reckless or criminal acts committed by our employees or agents. If we, due to either our own deliberate or inadvertent acts or those of others, fail to comply with applicable anti-bribery laws, our reputation could be harmed and we could incur criminal or civil penalties, other sanctions and/or significant expenses, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, including our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and prospects.

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Any failure to comply with applicable regulations and industry standards or obtain various licenses and permits could harm our reputation and our business, results of operations and prospects.

A number of governmental agencies or industry regulatory bodies in the United States, and in non-U.S. jurisdictions including the PRC and European Union, impose strict rules, regulations and industry standards governing pharmaceutical and biotechnology research and development activities, which apply to us. Our failure to comply with such regulations could result in the termination of ongoing research, administrative penalties imposed by regulatory bodies or the disqualification of data for submission to regulatory authorities. This could harm our reputation, prospects for future work and operating results. For example, if we were to treat research animals inhumanely or in violation of international standards set out by the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care, it could revoke any such accreditation and the accuracy of our animal research data could be questioned.

If we or our CROs fail to comply with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations,manage these risks, we could become subject to significant penalties, including fines, or penalties or incur costs thatsuspension of business and revocation of required licenses, and our reputation and results of operations could have a material adverse effect on the successbe materially and adversely affected.

We manufacture some of our business.

Wemedicines and third parties, such asintend to manufacture some of our CROs, are subject to numerous environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, including those governing laboratory procedures and the handling, use, storage, treatment and disposal of hazardous materials and wastes. Our operations involve the use of hazardous and flammable materials, including chemicals and radioactive and biological materials. Our operations also produce hazardous waste products. We generally contract with third parties for the disposal of these materials and wastes. We also store certain low level radioactive waste at our facilities until the materials can be properly disposed of. We cannot eliminate the risk of contamination or injury from these materials. In the event of contamination or injury resulting from our use of hazardous materials, we could be held liable for any resulting damages, and any liability could exceed our resources. We also could incur significant costs associated with civil or criminal fines and penalties.

Although we maintain workers’ compensation insurance to cover us for costs and expenses we may incur due to injuries to our employees resulting from the use of or exposure to hazardous materials, this insurance may not provide adequate coverage against potential liabilities. We do not maintain insurance for environmental liability or toxic tort claims that may be asserted against us in connection with our storage, use or disposal of biological, hazardous or radioactive materials.

In addition, we may be required to incur substantial costs to comply with current or future environmental, health and safety laws and regulations. These current or future laws and regulations may impair our research, development or production efforts.drug candidates, if approved. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations also may result in substantial fines, penalties or other sanctions.

If we face allegations of noncompliance with the law and encounter sanctions, our reputation, revenues and liquidity may suffer, and our drugs could be subject to restrictions or withdrawal from the market.

Any government investigation of alleged violations of law could require us to expend significant time and resources in response, and could generate negative publicity. Any failure to comply with ongoing regulatory requirements may significantly and adversely affect our ability to commercialize and generate revenues from our drugs. If regulatory sanctions are applied or if regulatory approval is withdrawn, the value of our company and our operating results will be adversely affected. Additionally, if we are unable to generate revenues from our product sales, our potential for achieving profitability will be diminished and the capital necessary to fund our operations will be increased.

*Our internal computer systems, or those used by our CROs or other contractors or consultants, may fail or suffer security breaches.

Despite the implementation of security measures, our internal computer systems and those of our future CROs and other contractors and consultants are vulnerable to damage from computer viruses and unauthorized access. Although to our knowledge we have not experienced any such material system failure or security breach to date, if such an event were to occur and cause interruptions in our operations, it could result in a material disruption of our development programs and our business operations. For example, the loss of clinical trial data from completed or future clinical trials

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could result in delays in our regulatory approval efforts and significantly increase our costs to recover or reproduce the data. Likewise, we partially rely on our third-party research institution collaborators for research and development of our drug candidates and other third parties for the manufacture of our drugs and drug candidates and to conduct clinical trials, and similar events relating to their computer systems could also have a material adverse effect on our business. To the extent that any disruption or security breach were to result in a loss of, or damage to, our data or applications, or inappropriate disclosure of confidential or proprietary information, we could incur liability and the further development and commercialization of our drugs and drug candidates could be delayed.

*Business disruptions could seriously harm our future revenue and financial condition and increase our costs and expenses.

Our operations, and those of our third-party research institution collaborators, CROs, suppliers and other contractors and consultants, could be subject to earthquakes, power shortages, telecommunications failures, water shortages, floods, hurricanes, typhoons, fires, extreme weather conditions, medical epidemics and other natural or man-made disasters or business interruptions, for which we are predominantly self-insured. In addition, we partially rely on our third-party research institution collaborators for conducting research and development of our drug candidates, and they may be affected by government shutdowns or withdrawn funding. The occurrence of any of these business disruptions could seriously harm our operations and financial condition and increase our costs and expenses. We partially rely on third-party manufacturers to produce and process our drugs and drug candidates. Our ability to obtain supplies of our drugs and drug candidates could be disrupted if the operations of these suppliers are affected by a man-made or natural disaster or other business interruption. A large portion of our operations is located in a single facility in Changping, Beijing, PRC. Damage or extended periods of interruption to our corporate, development or research facilities due to fire, natural disaster, power loss, communications failure, unauthorized entry or other events could cause us to cease or delay development of some or all of our drug candidates. Although we maintain property damage and business interruption insurance coverage on these facilities, our insurance might not cover all losses under such circumstances and our business may be seriously harmed by such delays and interruption.

*If product liability lawsuits are broughtsanctions being imposed against us we may incur substantial liabilities and may be required to limit commercialization of our drugs and drug candidates.

We face an inherent risk of product liability as a result of the commercialization of our drugs in China and the clinical testing of our drug candidates globally. For example, we may be sued if our drugs or drug candidates cause or are perceived to cause injury or are found to be otherwise unsuitable during clinical testing, manufacturing, marketing or sale. Any such product liability claims may include allegations of defects in manufacturing, defects in design, a failure to warn of dangers inherent in the drug, negligence, strict liability or a breach of warranties. Claims could also be asserted under state consumer protection acts. If we cannot successfully defend ourselves against or obtain indemnification from our collaborators for product liability claims, we may incur substantial liabilities or be required to limit commercialization of our drug candidates and drugs. Even successful defense would require significant financial and management resources. Regardless of the merits or eventual outcome, liability claims may result in:

·

decreased demand for our drugs;

·

injury to our reputation;

·

withdrawal of clinical trial participants and inability to continue clinical trials;

·

initiation of investigations by regulators;

·

costs to defend the related litigation;

·

a diversion of management’s time and our resources;

·

substantial monetary awards to trial participants or patients;

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·

product recalls, withdrawals or labeling, marketing or promotional restrictions;

·

loss of revenue;

·

exhaustion of any available insurance and our capital resources;

·

the inability to commercialize any drug candidate; and

·

a decline in the ADS price.

Our inability to obtain sufficient product liability insurance at an acceptable cost to protect against potential product liability claims could prevent or inhibit the commercialization of drugs we develop or in-license. Although we currently hold $10 million in product liability coverage in the aggregate, the amount of such insurance coverage may not be adequate, we may be unable to maintain such insurance at a reasonable cost or in an amount adequate to satisfy any liability that may arise, or we may not be able to obtain additional or replacement insurance at a reasonable cost, if at all. We may seek to expand our insurance coverage for products to include the sale of commercial products, but we may be unable to obtain commercially reasonable product liability insurance for any products approved for marketing. Our insurance policies may also have various exclusions, and we may be subject to a product liability claim for which we have no coverage. We may have to pay any amounts awarded by a court or negotiated in a settlement that exceed our coverage limitations or that are not covered by our insurance, and we may not have, or be able to obtain, sufficient capital to pay such amounts. Even if our agreements with any future collaborators entitle us to indemnification against losses, such indemnification may not be available or adequate should any claim arise.

We have limited insurance coverage, and any claims beyond our insurance coverage may result in our incurring substantial costs and a diversion of resources.

We maintain property insurance policies covering physical damage to, or loss of, our buildings and their improvements, equipment, office furniture and inventory. We hold employer’s liability insurance generally covering death or work-related injury of employees. We hold public liability insurance covering certain incidents involving third parties that occur on or in the premises of the company. We hold director and officer liability insurance. We do not maintain key-man life insurance on any of our senior management or key personnel, or business interruption insurance. Our insurance coverage may be insufficient to cover any claim for product liability, damage to our fixed assets or employee injuries. Any liability or damage to, or caused by, our facilities or our personnel beyond our insurance coverage may result in our incurring substantial costs and a diversion of resources.

*We are subject to the risks of doing business outside of the United States.

Because we operate in China and other countries outside of the United States, our business is subject to risks associated with doing business globally. Accordingly, our business and financial results in the future could be adversely affected due to a variety of factors, including:

·

changes in a specific country’s or region’s political and cultural climate or economic condition;

·

unexpected changes in laws and regulatory requirements in local jurisdictions;

·

difficulty of effective enforcement of contractual provisions in local jurisdictions;

·

inadequate intellectual property protection in certain countries;

·

enforcement of anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws, such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act;

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·

trade-protection measures, import or export licensing requirements such as Export Administration Regulations promulgated by the United States Department of Commerce and fines, penalties or suspension or revocation of export privileges;

·

the effects of applicable local tax regimes and potentially adverse tax consequences; and

·

significant adverse changes in local currency exchange rates.

Our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by the downturn in the global economy.

The global financial markets experienced significant disruptions in 2008 and the United States, Europe and other economies went into recession. The recovery from the lows of 2008 and 2009 was uneven and it is facing new challenges, including the escalation of the European sovereign debt crisis since 2011 and the United Kingdom’s decision to withdraw from the European Union. It is unclear whether the European sovereign debt crisis will be contained and what effects it and the United Kingdom’s decision to withdraw from the European Union may have. There is considerable uncertainty over the long-term effects of the expansionary monetary and fiscal policies that have been adopted by the central banks and financial authorities of some of the world’s leading economies, including China’s. Economic conditions in United States and China are sensitive to global economic conditions. Although we are uncertain about the extent to which the global financial market disruption and slowdown of the U.S. or Chinese economy may impact our business in the long term, there is a risk that our business, results of operations and prospects would be materially and adversely affected by the global economic downturn and the slowdown of the U.S. or Chinese economy.

*Recent developments relating to the United Kingdom’s referendum vote in favor of withdrawal from the European Union could adversely affect us.

The United Kingdom held a referendum on June 23, 2016 in which a majority voted for the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union (referred to as “Brexit”). In June 2017, the U.K. government began negotiations to leave the European Union. These negotiations are expected to determine the terms of the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union as well as its relationship with the European Union going forward, including the terms of trade between the United Kingdom and the European Union. The effects of Brexit have been and are expected to continue to be far-reaching. Brexit and the perceptions as to its impact may adversely affect business activity and economic conditions in Europe and globally and could continue to contribute to instability in global financial and foreign exchange markets. Brexit could also have the effect of disrupting the free movement of goods, services and people between the United Kingdom and the European Union; however, the full effects of Brexit are uncertain and will depend on any agreements the United Kingdom may make to retain access to European Union markets.

In addition, we expect that Brexit could lead to legal uncertainty and potentially divergent national laws and regulations as the United Kingdom determines which European Union laws to replicate or replace. If the United Kingdom were to significantly alter its regulations affecting the pharmaceutical industry, we could face significant new costs. It may also be time-consuming and expensive for us to alter our internal operations in order to comply with new regulations. Altered regulations could also add time and expense to the process by which our product candidates receive regulatory approval in the United Kingdom and European Union. Similarly, it is unclear at this time what Brexit’s impact will have on our intellectual property rights and the process for obtaining, maintaining and defending such rights. It is possible that certain intellectual property rights, such as trademarks, granted by the European Union will cease being enforceable in the United Kingdom absent special arrangements to the contrary, and we are required to refile our trademarks and other intellectual property applications domestically in the United Kingdom. With regard to existing patent rights, the effect of Brexit should be minimal considering enforceable patent rights are specific to the United Kingdom, whether arising out of the European Patent Office or directly through the United Kingdom patent office.

Lastly, as a result of Brexit, other European countries may seek to conduct referenda with respect to their continuing membership in the European Union. Given these possibilities and others we may not anticipate, as well as the lack of comparable precedent, the full extent to which our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected by Brexit is uncertain.

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*We manufacture and intend to continue to manufacture at least a portion of our drug candidates ourselves. Delaysdelays in completing and receiving regulatory approvals for our manufacturing facilityfacilities, or damage to, destruction of or interruption of production at such facilities, could delay our development plans and thereby limit our revenues and growth.

or commercialization efforts.

We currently lease an approximately 140 square meterhave manufacturing facilityfacilities in Beijing, PRC, which producesGuangzhou, and supplies preclinicalSuzhou, China. We are also constructing a commercial-stage biologics manufacturing and clinical trial materials for some of ourR&D center in New Jersey, United States, and a new small molecule drug candidates. In addition, to increase our manufacturing capabilities, we lease an approximately 11,000 square meter space and have built a manufacturing facilitycampus in Suzhou, China, where we intend to produce drug candidates for clinical or, in the future, commercial use. This facility consists of one oral-solid-dosage production line for small molecule drug products and one pilot plant for monoclonal antibody drug substances. This new manufacturing facility was completed in 2017. In addition, BeiGene Biologics is building a biologics manufacturing facility in Guangzhou through a wholly-owned subsidiary, BeiGene Guangzhou Factory.China. These projectsfacilities may encounter unanticipated delays and cost more than expectedexpenses due to a number of factors, including regulatory requirements. If construction or expansion, regulatory evaluation and/or approval of our new facility isfacilities are delayed, we may not be able to manufacture sufficient quantities of our medicines and drug candidates, which would limit our development and commercialization activities and our opportunities for growth. Cost overruns associated with constructing or maintaining our facilities could require us to raise additional funds from other sources.

For example, we may not be able to complete the construction and validation of and obtain regulatory approval for the new manufacturing and clinical R&D center in New Jersey, the new manufacturing campus in Suzhou and manufacturing facility expansion in Guangzhou in a timely or economic manner.

In addition to the similar manufacturing risks described in “—Risks“Risks Related to Our Reliance on Third Parties,” our manufacturing facilities will beare subject to inspection in connection with clinical development and new drug approvals and ongoing, periodic inspection by the FDA, CFDA,NMPA, EMA or other comparable regulatory agencies to ensure compliance with cGMP.GMP and other regulatory requirements. Historically, some manufacturing facilities in China have had difficulty meeting the FDA’s, NMPA's or EMA's standards. Our failure to follow and document our adherence to such cGMPGMP regulations or other regulatory requirements may lead to significant delays in the availability of products for clinical or in the future, commercial use, may result in the termination of or a hold on a clinical trial, or may delay or prevent filing or approval of marketing applications for our drugs.drug candidates or the commercialization of our medicines. We also may encounter problems with the following:

·

achieving adequate or clinical-grade materials that meet FDA, CFDA, EMA or other comparable regulatory agency standards or specifications with consistent and acceptable production yield and costs;

·

shortages of qualified personnel, raw materials or key contractors; and

achieving adequate or clinical-grade materials that meet FDA, NMPA, EMA or other comparable regulatory agency standards or specifications with consistent and acceptable production yield and costs;

·

ongoing compliance with cGMP regulations and other requirements of the FDA, CFDA, EMA or other comparable regulatory agencies.

shortages of qualified personnel, raw materials or key contractors; and

ongoing compliance with GMP regulations and other requirements of the FDA, NMPA, EMA or other comparable regulatory agencies.
Failure to comply with applicable regulations could also result in sanctions being imposed on us, including fines, injunctions, civil penalties, a requirement to suspend or put on hold one or more of our clinical trials, failure of regulatory authorities to grant marketing approval of our drug candidates, delays, suspension or withdrawal of approvals, supply disruptions, license revocation, seizures or recalls of drug candidates or drugs,medicines, operating restrictions and criminal prosecutions, any of which could harm our business.

Developing advanced manufacturing techniques and process controls is required to fully utilize our facilities. Advances in manufacturing techniques may render our facilities and equipment inadequate or obsolete.

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To supply commercial quantities for our marketed products, produce our drugsmedicines in the quantities that we believe will be required to meet anticipated market demand, of anyand to supply clinical drug material to support the continued growth of our drug candidates if approved,clinical programs, we will need to increase, or “scale up,” the production process by a significant factor over the initial level of production.production, which will require substantial additional expenditures and various regulatory approvals and permits. If we are unable to do so, are delayed, or if the cost of this scale up is not economically feasible for us or we cannot find a third-party supplier, we may not be able to produce our drugsmedicines in a sufficient quantity to meet future demand.

If our manufacturing facilities, including our Suzhou manufacturing facility once completed, are damaged or destroyed or production at such facilities is otherwise interrupted, our business and prospects would be negatively affected.

In addition to the similar manufacturing risks described in “—Risks Related to Our Reliance on Third Parties,” if our manufacturing facilities or the equipment in them is damaged or destroyed, we may not be able to quickly or inexpensively replace our manufacturing capacity or replace it at all. In the event of a temporary or protracted loss of the

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facilities or equipment, we might not be able to transfer manufacturing to a third party. Even if we could transfer manufacturing to a third party, the shift would likely be expensive and time-consuming, particularly since the new facility would need to comply with the necessary regulatory requirements and we would need FDA, CFDA, EMA or and other comparable regulatory agency approval before selling any drugsmedicines manufactured at that facility. Such an event could delay our clinical trials or reduce our product sales if and when we are able to successfully commercialize one or more of our drug candidates.

Any interruption in manufacturing operations at our manufacturing facilities could result in our inability to satisfy the demands of our clinical trials or commercialization. A number of factors could cause interruptions, including:

·

equipment malfunctions or failures;

·

technology malfunctions;

·

work stoppages;

·

damage to or destruction of either facility due to natural disasters;

·

regional power shortages;

·

product tampering; or

·

terrorist activities.

Any disruption that impedes our ability to manufacture our drug candidates or medicines in a timely manner could materially harm our business, financial condition and operating results.

Currently, we maintain insurance coverage against damage to our property, plant and equipment in the amount of up to RMB 100 million.amounts we believe are reasonable. However, our insurance coverage may not reimburse us, or may not be sufficient to reimburse us, for any expenses or losses we may suffer. We may be unable to meet our requirements for our drug candidates and medicines if there were a catastrophic event or interruption or failure of our manufacturing facilities or processes.

*The Celgene Transaction could disrupt

We incur significant costs as a result of operating as a public company, and our businessmanagement is required to devote substantial time to compliance requirements, including establishing and harm ourmaintaining internal controls over financial conditionreporting. We may be exposed to potential risks if we are not ableunable to successfully integrate Celgene’s commercial businesscomply with these requirements.
As a public company listed in China into ours,the United States, Hong Kong and Shanghai, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the expected benefitslisting rules of the acquisition may not materialize.

On August 31, 2017, we closed the Celgene Transaction pursuant to which we were granted the right to exclusively distribute and promote threeNasdaq Stock Market (Nasdaq), The Stock Exchange of Celgene’s drugs and one of Celgene’s drug candidates in China, excluding Hong Kong MacauLimited (the “HKEx”) and Taiwan,the STAR Market of the Shanghai Stock Exchange (the “SSE”), and acquired Celgene’s commercial operationsincur significant legal, accounting and other expenses to comply with applicable requirements. These rules impose various requirements on public companies, including requiring certain corporate governance practices. Our management and other personnel devote a substantial amount of time to these requirements. Moreover, these rules and regulations increase our legal and financial compliance costs and make some activities more time-consuming and costly.

For example, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”) requires, among other things, that we maintain effective internal controls for financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures. In particular, we must perform system and process evaluations and testing of our internal controls over financial reporting to allow management to report on the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Such compliance may require that we incur substantial accounting expenses and expend significant management efforts. Our testing may reveal deficiencies in China. We also have specifiedour internal controls over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses. In the event we identify significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in our internal controls that we cannot remediate in a timely manner, the market price of our shares could decline if investors and others lose confidence in the reliability of our financial statements, we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by the SEC, HKEx, China Securities Regulatory Commission (the “CSRC”), SSE or other applicable regulatory authorities, and our business could be harmed.
If we engage in acquisitions or strategic collaborations, this may increase our capital requirements, dilute our shareholders, cause us to incur debt or assume contingent liabilities, and subject us to other risks.
From time to time, we may evaluate various acquisitions and strategic collaborations, including licensing or acquiring complementary products, intellectual property rights, to future oncology drugs that Celgenetechnologies or businesses. Any completed, in-process or potential acquisition or strategic collaboration may seek to commercialize in China.

The Celgene Transaction involvesentail numerous risks, including:

increased operating expenses and cash requirements;
the assumption of additional indebtedness or contingent or unforeseen liabilities;
the issuance of our equity securities;
assimilation of operations, intellectual property and products of an acquired company, including problems combining the purchased operationsdifficulties associated with integrating new personnel;
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the diversion of our management’s attention from our drug discoveryexisting product programs and development business. There can be no assuranceinitiatives in pursuing such a strategic merger or acquisition;
retention of key employees, the loss of key personnel, and uncertainties in our ability to maintain key business relationships;
risks and uncertainties associated with the other party to such a transaction, including the prospects of that we will be able to successfully manageparty and integrate Celgene’s commercial operations in China and its personnel into our business, which could disrupt our business and harm our financial results.

Moreover, we may not achieve the revenue and cost synergies expected from the Celgene Transaction. These synergies are inherently uncertain, and are subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are difficult to predict and are beyond our control. If we achieve the expected benefits, they may not be achieved within the anticipated time frame. Also, the synergies from the Celgene Transaction may be offset by costs incurred in integrating Celgene’s commercial operations in China, increases in other expenses, operating

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lossestheir existing drugs or problems in the business unrelated to the Celgene Transaction. As a result, there can be no assurance that such synergies will be achieved.

Risks Related to Our Doing Business in the PRC

*The pharmaceutical industry in China is highly regulated and such regulations are subject to change which may affect approval and commercialization of our drugs.

Our research operations and manufacturing facilities are in China. The pharmaceutical industry in China is subject to comprehensive government regulation and supervision, encompassing the approval, registration, manufacturing, packaging, licensing and marketing of new drugs. See the section of our 2016 Annual Report titled “Item 1—Business—Regulatory Framework and Structural Advantages of Being a China-Based Research and Development Organization” for a discussion of regulatory requirements that are applicable to our current and planned business activities in China. In recent years, the regulatory framework in China regarding the pharmaceutical industry has undergone significant changes, and we expect that it will continue to undergo significant changes. Any such changes or amendments may result in increased compliance costs on our business or cause delays in or prevent the successful development or commercialization of our drug candidates or drugs in China and reduce the current benefits we believe are available to us from developingregulatory approvals; and manufacturing drugs in China. Chinese authorities have become increasingly vigilant in enforcing laws in the pharmaceutical industry and any failure by us or our partners to maintain compliance with applicable laws and regulations or obtain and maintain required licenses and permits may result in the suspension or termination of our business activities in China. We believe our strategy and approach is aligned with the Chinese government’s policies, but we cannot ensure that our strategy and approach will continue to be aligned.

Changes in the political and economic policies of the PRC government may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and may result in

our inability to sustaingenerate revenue from acquired technology and/or products sufficient to meet our growthobjectives in undertaking the acquisition or even to offset the associated acquisition and expansion strategies.

Amaintenance costs.

In addition, if we undertake acquisitions or strategic collaborations, we may issue dilutive securities, assume or incur debt obligations, incur large one-time expenses and acquire intangible assets that could result in significant portionfuture amortization expense. For example, in connection with our transaction with Amgen, we issued to Amgen a total of 206,635,013 ordinary shares in the form of ADSs in January 2020, representing 20.5% of the then issued share capital of the Company after giving effect to the share issuance, which resulted in Amgen becoming our largest shareholder and the ownership of our operations are in the PRC. Accordingly, our financial condition and results of operations are affected to a large extent by economic, political and legal developments in the PRC.

The PRC economy differs from the economies of most developed countries in many respects, including the extent of government involvement, level of development, growth rate, control of foreign exchange and allocation of resources. Although the PRC government has implemented measures emphasizing the utilization of market forces for economic reform, the reduction of state ownership of productive assets, and the establishment of improved corporate governance in business enterprises, a substantial portion of productive assets in China is still owned by the government. In addition, the PRC government continues to play a significant role in regulating industry development by imposing industrial policies. The PRC government also exercises significant control over China’s economic growth by allocating resources, controlling payment of foreign currency-denominated obligations, setting monetary policy, regulating financial services and institutions and providing preferential treatment to particular industries or companies.

While the PRC economy has experienced significant growth in the past three decades, growth has been uneven, both geographically and among various sectors of the economy. The PRC government has implemented various measures to encourage economic growth and guide the allocation of resources. Some of these measures may benefit the overall PRC economy, but may also have a negative effect on us. Our financial condition and results of operation could be materially and adversely affected by government control over capital investments or changes in tax regulations that are applicable to us and consequently have a material adverse effect on our businesses, financial condition and results of operations.

There are uncertainties regarding the interpretation and enforcement of PRC laws, rules and regulations.

A large portion of our operations are conducted in the PRC through our PRC subsidiaries, and are governed by PRC laws, rules and regulations. Our PRC subsidiaries are subject to laws, rules and regulations applicable to foreign investment in China. The PRC legal system is a civil law system based on written statutes. Unlike the common law system, prior court decisions may be cited for reference but have limited precedential value.

existing shareholders being diluted.

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In 1979, the PRC government began to promulgate a comprehensive system of laws, rules and regulations governing economic matters in general. The overall effect of legislation over the past three decades has significantly enhanced the protections afforded to various forms of foreign investment in China. However, China has not developed a fully integrated legal system, and recently enacted laws, rules and regulations may not sufficiently cover all aspects of economic activities in China or may be subject to significant degrees of interpretation by PRC regulatory agencies. In particular, because these laws, rules and regulations are relatively new, and because of the limited number of published decisions and the nonbinding nature of such decisions, and because the laws, rules and regulations often give the relevant regulator significant discretion in how to enforce them, the interpretation and enforcement of these laws, rules and regulations involve uncertainties and can be inconsistent and unpredictable. In addition, the PRC legal system is based in part on government policies and internal rules, some of which are not published on a timely basis or at all, and which may have a retroactive effect. As a result, we may not be aware of our violation of these policies and rules until after the occurrence of the violation.

Any administrative and court proceedings in China may be protracted, resulting in substantial costs and diversion of resources and management attention. Since PRC administrative and court authorities have significant discretion in interpreting and implementing statutory and contractual terms, it may be more difficult to evaluate the outcome of administrative and court proceedings and the level of legal protection we enjoy than in more developed legal systems. These uncertainties may impede our ability to enforce the contracts we have entered into and could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Substantial uncertainties exist with respect to the enactment timetable, the final version, interpretation and implementation of draft PRC Foreign Investment Law and how it may impact the viability of our current corporate governance.

The Ministry of Commerce published a discussion draft of the proposed Foreign Investment Law in January 2015 aiming to, upon its enactment, replace the trio of existing laws regulating foreign investment in China, namely, the Sino-foreign Equity Joint Venture Enterprise Law, the Sino-foreign Cooperative Joint Venture Enterprise Law and the Wholly Foreign-invested Enterprise Law, together with their implementation rules and ancillary regulations. The draft Foreign Investment Law embodies an expected PRC regulatory trend to rationalize its foreign investment regulatory regime in line with prevailing international practice and the legislative efforts to unify the corporate legal requirements for both foreign and domestic investments. The Ministry of Commerce has solicited comments on this draft and substantial uncertainties exist with respect to its enactment timetable, the final version, interpretation and implementation. The draft Foreign Investment Law, if enacted as proposed, may materially impact the viability of our current corporate governance if we, in the future, have PRC shareholders.

Among other things, the draft Foreign Investment Law expands the definition of foreign investment and introduces the principle of “actual control” in determining whether a company is considered a foreign-invested enterprise, or an FIE. The draft Foreign Investment Law specifically provides that entities established in China but “controlled” by foreign investors will be treated as FIEs, whereas an entity set up in a foreign jurisdiction would nonetheless be, upon market entry clearance by the Ministry of Commerce or its local counterparts, treated as a PRC domestic investor provided that the entity is “controlled” by PRC entities and/or citizens. In this connection, “control” is broadly defined in the draft law to cover the following summarized categories: (1) holding 50% of more of the shares, equity or voting rights of the subject entity; (2) holding less than 50% of the voting rights of the subject entity but having the power to secure at least 50% of the seats on the board or other equivalent decision making bodies, or having the voting power to exert material influence on the board, the shareholders’ meeting or other equivalent decision making bodies; or (3) having the power to exert decisive influence, via contractual or trust arrangements, over the subject entity’s operations, financial matters or other key aspects of business operations. Once an entity is determined to be an FIE, it will be subject to the foreign investment restrictions or prohibitions, if the FIE is engaged in the industry listed in the “negative list” which will be separately issued by the Chinese State Council later. Unless the underlying business of the FIE falls within the negative list, which calls for market entry clearance by the Ministry of Commerce or its local counterparts, prior approval from the government authorities as mandated by the existing foreign investment legal regime would no longer be required for establishment of the FIE.

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The draft Foreign Investment Law, if enacted as proposed, may also materially impact our corporate governance practice and increase our compliance costs. For instance, the draft Foreign Investment Law imposes stringent ad hoc and periodic information reporting requirements on foreign investors and the applicable FIEs. Aside from investment implementation report and investment amendment report that are required at each investment and alteration of investment specifics, an annual report is mandatory, and large foreign investors meeting certain criteria are required to report on a quarterly basis. Any company found to be non-compliant with these information reporting obligations may potentially be subject to fines and/or administrative or criminal liabilities, and the persons directly responsible may be subject to criminal liabilities.

*PRC regulations establish complex procedures for some acquisitions of Chinese companies by foreign investors, which could make it more difficult for us to pursue growth through acquisitions in China.

PRC regulations and rules concerning mergers and acquisitions, including the Regulations on Mergers and Acquisitions of Domestic Companies by Foreign Investors or the M(the “M&A Rules,Rules”), and other recently adopted regulations and rules with respect to mergers and acquisitions established additional procedures and requirements that could make merger and acquisition activities by foreign investors more time consuming and complex. For example, the M&A Rules require that the MOFCOMMinistry of Commerce of the PRC (the “MOFCOM”) be notified in advance of any change-of-control transaction in which a foreign investor takes control of a PRC domestic enterprise, if (i) any important industry is concerned, (ii) such transaction involves factors that have or may have impact on the national economic security, or (iii) such transaction will lead to a change in control of a domestic enterprise which holds a famous trademark or PRC time-honored brand. Moreover, according to the Anti-Monopoly Law of the PRC, promulgated onwhich was amended in June 2022 and became effective as of August 30, 20071, 2022, and the Provisions on Thresholds for Prior Notification of Concentrations of Undertakings or the Prior Notification Rules issued by the State Council, in August 2008, the concentration of business undertakings by way of mergers, acquisitions or contractual arrangements that allow one market player to take control of or to exert decisive impact on another market player must also be notified in advance to the MOFCOMState Administration for Market Regulation (the “SAMR”) when the threshold is crossed and such concentration shall not be implemented without the clearance of prior notification. In addition, the Measures for Security Review of Foreign Investment jointly issued by the National Development and Reform Commission and MOFCOM and the Regulations on Implementation of Security Review System for the Merger and Acquisition of Domestic Enterprise by Foreign Lenders, or the SecurityInvestors (the “Security Review RulesRules”) issued by the MOFCOM that became effective in September 2011 specify that mergers and acquisitions by foreign investors that raise “national defense and security” concerns and mergers and acquisitions through which foreign investors may acquire the de facto control over domestic enterprises that raise “national security” concerns are subject to strict review by the MOFCOM, and the rules prohibit any activities attempting to bypass a security review by structuring the transaction through, among other things, trusts, entrustment or contractual control arrangements.

We may also be subject to similar review and regulations in other jurisdictions, such as the laws and regulations on foreign investment in the United States under the jurisdiction of the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (the “CFIUS”) and other agencies, including the Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act (the “FIRRMA”), which became effective in February 2020.
Furthermore, according to the Overseas Listing Trial Measures, if a Chinese overseas listed company issues overseas listed securities to acquire assets, such issuance would be subject to filing requirements with the CSRC.
In the future, we may grow our business by acquiring complementary businesses. Complying with the requirements of the above-mentioned regulations and other relevant rules to complete such transactions could be time consuming, and any required approval or filing processes, including obtaining approval from or filing with CFIUS, the SAMR, the MOFCOM, the CSRC or its local counterpartsother agencies may delay or inhibit our ability to complete such transactions. It is unclear whether our businessthose complementary businesses we may acquire in the future would be deemed to be in an industry that raises “national defense and security” or “national security” concerns.
However, theCFIUS, SAMR, MOFCOM, CSRC or other government agencies may publish explanations in the future determining that ourcertain complementary business is in an industry subject to the security review, in which case our future acquisitions in the United States and the PRC, including those by way of entering into contractual control arrangements with target entities, may be closely scrutinized or prohibited. Our ability to expand our business or maintain or expand our market share through future acquisitions would as such be materially and adversely affected.

PRC regulations relating to investments in offshore companies by PRC residents may subject our future PRC-resident beneficial owners or our PRC subsidiaries to liability or penalties, limit our ability to inject capital into our PRC subsidiaries or limit our PRC subsidiaries’ ability to increase their registered capital or distribute profits.

SAFE promulgated the Circular on Relevant Issues Concerning Foreign Exchange Control on Domestic Residents’ Offshore Investment and Financing and Roundtrip Investment through Special Purpose Vehicles, or SAFE Circular 37, on July 4, 2014, which replaced the former circular commonly known as “SAFE Circular 75” promulgated by SAFE on October 21, 2005. SAFE Circular 37 requires PRC residents to register with local branches of SAFE in connection with their direct establishment or indirect control of an offshore entity, for the purpose of overseas investment and financing, with such PRC residents’ legally owned assets or equity interests in domestic enterprises or offshore assets or interests, referred to in SAFE Circular 37 as a “special purpose vehicle.” SAFE Circular 37 further requires amendment to the registration in the event of any significant changes with respect to the special purpose vehicle, such as increase or

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decrease of capital contributed by PRC individuals, share transfer or exchange, merger, division or other material event. In the event that a PRC shareholder holding interests in a special purpose vehicle fails to fulfill the required SAFE registration, the PRC subsidiaries of that special purpose vehicle may be prohibited from making profit distributions to the offshore parent and from carrying out subsequent cross-border foreign exchange activities, and the special purpose vehicle may be restricted in its ability to contribute additional capital into its PRC subsidiary. Moreover, failureIf we fail to comply with the various SAFE registration requirements described above could result in liability under PRC law for evasion of foreign exchange controls.

We believe that four ofU.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act or other anti-bribery and corruption laws, our shareholders, each of whom owns our ordinary shares as a result of exercising share options, are PRC residents under SAFE Circular 37. These four shareholders have undertaken to (i) apply to register with local SAFE branch or its delegated commercial bank as soon as possible after exercising their options, and (ii) indemnify and hold harmless us and our subsidiaries against any loss suffered arising from their failure to complete the registration. We do not have control over the four shareholders and our other beneficial owners and cannot assure you that all of our PRC-resident beneficial owners have complied with, and will in the future comply with, SAFE Circular 37 and subsequent implementation rules. The failure of PRC-resident beneficial owners to register or amend their SAFE registrations in a timely manner pursuant to SAFE Circular 37 and subsequent implementation rules, or the failure of future PRC-resident beneficial owners of our company to comply with the registration procedures set forth in SAFE Circular 37 and subsequent implementation rules,reputation may subject such beneficial owners or our PRC subsidiaries to fines and legal sanctions. Furthermore, SAFE Circular 37 is unclear how this regulation, and any future regulation concerning offshore or cross-border transactions, will be interpreted, amended and implemented by the relevant PRC government authorities,harmed and we cannot predict how these regulations will affect our business operations or future strategy. Failurecould be subject to register or comply with relevant requirements may also limit our ability to contribute additional capital to our PRC subsidiariespenalties and limit our PRC subsidiaries’ ability to distribute dividends to us. These risks could in the futuresignificant expenses that have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Any failure

We are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the “FCPA”). The FCPA generally prohibits us from making improper payments to non-U.S. officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. We are also subject to the anti-bribery and corruption laws of other jurisdictions, particularly China. The anti-bribery laws in China generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making payments to government officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business or securing any other improper advantage. As our business has expanded, the applicability of the FCPA and other anti-bribery and corruption laws to our operations has increased.
We do not fully control the interactions our employees, distributors and third-party promoters have with hospitals, medical institutions and doctors, and they may try to increase sales volumes of our products through means that constitute violations of United States, PRC or other countries’ anti-corruption and related laws. Although we have policies and procedures designed to ensure that we, our employees and our agents comply with anti- bribery laws, there is no assurance that such policies or procedures will prevent our agents, employees and intermediaries from engaging in bribery activities. If we, due to either our own deliberate or inadvertent acts or those of others, fail to comply with PRC regulations regardingapplicable anti-bribery and corruption laws, our employee equity incentive plans may subject the PRC plan participantsreputation could be harmed and we could incur criminal or us to fines and other legal or administrative sanctions.

We and our directors, executive officers and other employees who are PRC residents have participated in our employee equity incentive plans. Upon completion of our initial public offering, we became an overseas listed company. Pursuant to SAFE Circular 37, PRC residents who participate in share incentive plans in overseas non-publicly-listed companies may submit applications to SAFE or its local branches for the foreign exchange registration with respect to offshore special purpose companies. Our directors, executive officers and other employees who are PRC citizens or who have resided in the PRC for a continuous period of not less than one year and who have been granted restricted shares or options may follow SAFE Circular 37 to apply for the foreign exchange registration before our company became an overseas listed company. However, in practice, different local SAFE branches may have different views and procedures on the application and implementation of SAFE regulations, and there remains uncertainty with respect to its implementation. If we or our directors, executive officers or other employees who are PRC citizens or who have resided in the PRC for a continuous period of not less than one year and who have been granted restricted shares or options,civil penalties, including but not limited to imprisonment, criminal and civil fines, suspension of our ability to do business with the four shareholders referred to above,government, denial of government reimbursement for our products and/or exclusion from participation in government healthcare programs, other sanctions and/or significant expenses, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

If we or our CROs or contract manufacturing organizations (“CMOs”) fail to registercomply with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, we could become subject to fines or penalties or incur costs that could have a material adverse effect on our business.
We and third parties, such as our CROs or CMOs, are subject to numerous environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, including those governing laboratory procedures and the employee equity incentive planshandling, use, storage, treatment and disposal of hazardous materials and waste. In addition, our construction projects can only be put into operation after certain regulatory procedures with the relevant administrative authorities in charge of environmental protection, health and safety have been completed. Our operations involve the use of hazardous and flammable materials, including chemicals and biological materials. Our operations also produce hazardous waste products. We generally contract with third parties for the disposal of these materials and waste. We cannot eliminate the risk of contamination or injury from these materials. In the event of contamination or injury resulting from our use of hazardous materials, we could be held liable for any resulting damages, and such liability could exceed our insurance coverage. We also could incur significant costs associated with civil or criminal fines and penalties.
Although we maintain workers’ compensation insurance to cover us for costs and expenses that we may incur due to injuries to our employees resulting from the use of or exposure to hazardous materials, this insurance may not provide adequate coverage against potential liabilities. We do not maintain insurance for environmental liability or toxic tort claims that may be asserted against us in connection with our storage, use or disposal of biological or hazardous materials.
In addition, we may be required to incur substantial costs to comply with current or future environmental, health and safety laws and regulations. These current or future laws and regulations may impair our research, development, manufacturing or commercialization efforts. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations also may result in substantial fines, penalties or other sanctions.
*Our information technology systems, or those used by our contractors or collaborators, may fail or suffer security breaches, which could result in a material disruption of our product development and commercialization efforts.
Despite the implementation of security measures, our information technology systems and those of our contractors and collaborators, are vulnerable to damage from internal or external events, such as computer viruses, unauthorized access, natural disasters, terrorism, war, and telecommunication and electrical failures, which can compromise the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the systems. Although to our knowledge we have not experienced any material system failure or security breach to date, if such an event were to occur and cause interruptions in our operations, it could result in a material disruption of our research, development, manufacturing, regulatory and commercialization efforts and our business operations.
In the ordinary course of our business, we collect and store sensitive data, including, among other things, legally protected patient health information, personally identifiable information about our employees, intellectual property, and proprietary business information. We manage and maintain our applications and data utilizing on-site systems and outsourced vendors. These applications and data encompass a wide variety of business-critical information, including research and development information, commercial information and business and financial information. Because information systems, networks and other
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technologies are critical to many of our operating activities, shutdowns or service disruptions at our company or vendors that provide information systems, networks, or other services to us pose increasing risks. Such disruptions may be caused by events such as computer hacking, phishing attacks, ransomware, dissemination of computer viruses, worms and other destructive or disruptive software, denial of service attacks and other malicious activity, as well as power outages, natural disasters (including extreme weather), terrorist attacks or other similar events. Such events could cause loss of data, damage to systems and data and leave us unable to utilize key business systems or access important data needed to operate our business. Our contractors and collaborators have faced, and in the future may face, similar risks, and service disruptions or security breaches of their systems could adversely affect our security, leave us without access to important systems, products, raw materials, components, services or information or expose our confidential data. In addition, system redundancy may be ineffective or inadequate, and our disaster recovery planning may not be sufficient to cover all eventualities. Significant events could result in a disruption of our operations, damage to our reputation or a loss of revenues. In addition, we may not have adequate insurance coverage to compensate for any losses associated with such events.
We could be subject to risks caused by misappropriation, misuse, leakage, falsification or intentional or accidental release or loss of information maintained in the information systems and networks of our company and our vendors, including personal information of our employees and patients, and company and vendor confidential data. In addition, outside parties may attempt to penetrate our systems or those of our vendors or fraudulently induce our personnel or the personnel of our vendors to disclose sensitive information in order to gain access to our data and/or systems. Like other companies, we and our third-party vendors have on occasion experienced, and will continue to experience, threats to our or their exercisedata and systems, including malicious codes and viruses, phishing, email compromise attacks, ransomware, or other cyber-attacks. For example, one of options,our third-party vendors experienced a business email compromise which results in us sending payment to a fraudulent bank account. Funds were successfully recovered in this case, but it is possible that to the extent a similar future event occurs, funds will not be recoverable. The number and complexity of these threats continue to increase over time. If a material breach of our information technology systems or those of our vendors occurs, we could be required to expend significant amounts of money and other resources to respond to these threats or breaches and to repair or replace information systems or networks and could suffer financial loss or the loss of valuable confidential information. In addition, we could be subject to regulatory actions and/or claims made by individuals and groups in private litigation involving privacy issues related to data collection and use practices and other data privacy laws and regulations, including claims for misuse or inappropriate disclosure of data, as well as unfair or deceptive practices. Although we develop and maintain systems and controls designed to prevent these events from occurring, and we have processes to identify and mitigate threats, the development and maintenance of these systems, controls and processes is costly and requires ongoing monitoring and updating as technologies change and efforts to overcome security measures become increasingly sophisticated. Moreover, despite our efforts, the possibility of these events occurring cannot be eliminated entirely. It is possible that the risk of cyber-attacks or other privacy or data security incidents may be heightened as a result of our remote working environment, which may be less secure and more susceptible to hacking attacks. As we outsource more of our information systems to vendors, engage in more electronic transactions with payors and patients, and rely more on cloud-based information systems, the related security risks will increase and we will need to expend additional resources to protect our technology and information systems. In addition, there can be no assurance that our internal information technology systems or those of our contractors and collaborators, as well as our and their efforts to implement adequate security and control measures, will be sufficient to protect us against breakdowns, service disruptions, data deterioration or loss in the event of a system malfunction, or prevent data from being stolen or corrupted in the event of a cyberattack, security breach, ransomware, industrial espionage attack or insider threat attack that could adversely affect our business and operations and/or result in the loss or exposure of critical, proprietary, private, confidential or otherwise sensitive data, which could result in financial, legal, business or reputational harm to us.
*The increasing use of artificial intelligence-based software (including machine learning) and social media platforms may result in reputation harm or liability or could otherwise adversely affect our business.
The use of artificial intelligence-based software is increasingly being used in the biopharmaceutical and global healthcare industries. As with many developing technologies, artificial intelligence-based software presents risks and challenges that could affect its further development, adoption, and use, and therefore our business. For example, algorithms may be flawed; data sets may be insufficient, of poor quality, or contain biased information; and inappropriate or controversial data practices by data scientists, engineers, and end-users could impair results. If the analyses that artificial intelligence applications assist in producing are deficient or inaccurate, we could be subjected to competitive harm, potential legal liability, and brand or reputational harm. Furthermore, use of artificial intelligence-based software may lead to the release of confidential information which may impact our ability to realize the benefit of our intellectual property.
Relatedly, social media platforms are increasingly being used to communicate about our products and the diseases our medicines and drug candidates are designed to treat. Social media practices in the biopharmaceutical industry continue to evolve and regulations relating to such employeesuse are not always clear and create uncertainty and risk of noncompliance with regulations applicable to our business. For example, patients may use social media channels to comment on the effectiveness of
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a product or to report an alleged adverse event. When such disclosures occur, there is a risk that we may fail to monitor and comply with applicable adverse event reporting obligations. There is also a risk of negative or inaccurate posts about us on social media, including criticism regarding our medicines or drug candidates. The immediacy of social media precludes us from having real-time control over postings made regarding our company, medicines or drug candidates. Our reputation could be damaged by negative publicity posted on social media platforms which we may not be able to timely reverse. If any of these events were to occur or we otherwise fail to comply with applicable regulations, we could incur liability, face restrictive regulatory actions or incur other harm to our business.
Our failure to comply with data protection laws and regulations could lead to government enforcement actions and significant penalties against us, and adversely impact our operating results.
In the United States, Europe, China, and many other jurisdictions where we operate, we are subject to laws and regulations that address privacy, personal information protection and data security at both the federal and State levels. Numerous laws and regulations, including, without limitation, privacy laws (such as the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) or similar laws), security breach notification laws (such as Australia's amendment to the Privacy Act), health information privacy laws (such as the United States' Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (“HIPAA”) and the Human Genetic Resources Administration of China's rules), and consumer protection laws (such as the United States' Federal Trade Commission's unfair or deceptive practices rules or California's Consumer Privacy Act and California's Privacy Rights Act), govern the collection, use, disclosure and protection of health-related and other personal information. A subset of these laws also have strict requirements governing the cross-border transmission of personal information (see the risk factor entitled “Compliance with the Data Security Law of the People’s Republic of China (the “Data Security Law”), Cybersecurity Review Measures, Personal Information Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China (the “PIPL”), regulations and guidelines relating to the multi-level protection scheme (the “MLPS”) and any other future laws and regulations may entail significant expenses and could materially affect our business.”).
The legal and regulatory landscape around data privacy is rapidly changing with countries, states and other localities passing new laws and regulations every year. Tracking and complying with these laws and regulations requires significant time and expenses and could materially affect our business. By way of example and without limitation, these laws may require updating of contracts, informed consent forms, clinical trial protocols and privacy notices; changes to company procedures; limiting what personal information we collect, who has access to it and how/where we use it; performing internal assessments; changes to the security and hosting solution of our systems; specific reporting and remediation efforts in the event of a data breach; and even opening our business up for external assessments by government bodies.
Given the variability and evolving state of these laws, we face uncertainty as to the exact interpretation of the new requirements, and we may face challenges in implementing all measures required by regulators or courts in their interpretation. Additionally, we may experience a reportable data breach (see the risk factor entitled “Our information technology systems, or those used by our contractors or collaborators, may fail or suffer security breaches, which could result in a material disruption of our product development and commercialization efforts”). Any failure or perceived failure by us to comply with applicable laws and regulations could subject us to significant administrative, civil or criminal fines or other penalties and negatively impact our reputation. For severe violations, in some countries these laws even allow courts and government agencies to delay or halt transfer of personal information, require deletion of personal information, or even order we stop collection, use or other processing of personal information in that country. All of these could materially harm our business, prospects, and financial condition or even disrupt our operations.
These laws apply not just to us, but also to those vendors working on our behalf, as well as our business partners. Any actual or perceived failure of them to comply with these laws and regulations could impact the services they provide to us, our collaborations with them and our reputation; additionally, there is a risk of liability flowing to us under certain contractual and/or legal conditions.
Compliance with the Data Security Law of the People’s Republic of China (the “Data Security Law”), Cybersecurity Review Measures, Personal Information Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China (the “PIPL”), regulations and guidelines relating to the multi-level protection scheme (the “MLPS”) and any other future laws and regulations may entail significant expenses and could materially affect our business.
China has implemented extensive data protection, privacy and information security rules and is considering a number of additional proposals relating to these subject areas. We face significant uncertainties and risks related to these laws, regulations and policies, some of which were only recently enacted, and the interpretation of these legal requirements by government regulators as applied to biotechnology companies like us. For example, we do not maintain, nor do we intend to maintain in the future, personally identifiable health information of patients in China. We do, however, collect and maintain de-identified or pseudonymized health data for clinical trials in compliance with local regulations. This data could be deemed “personal data” or
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“important data” by government regulators. With China’s growing emphasis of its sovereignty over data derived from China, the outbound transmission of de-identified or pseudonymized health data for clinical trials may be subject to (i)the new national security legal or administrative sanctions imposed byregime, including the SAFE or other PRC authorities, including fines; (ii) to restrictionsData Security Law, the Cyber Security Law of the People’s Republic of China (the “Cyber Security Law”), the PIPL, and various implementing regulations and standards.
China’s Data Security Law provides that the data processing activities must be conducted based on our cross-border investment activities; (iii) to limits on“data classification and hierarchical protection system” for the abilitypurpose of our wholly owned subsidiariesdata protection and prohibits entities in China from transferring data stored in China to distribute dividendsforeign law enforcement agencies or judicial authorities without prior approval by the relevant PRC authority. The classification of data is based on its importance in economic and social development, as well as the degree of harm expected to be caused to national security, public interests, or the proceedslegitimate rights and interests of individuals or organizations if such data is tampered with, destroyed, leaked, or illegally acquired or used.
The Cyber Security Law requires companies to take certain measures to ensure the security of their networks and data stored on their networks. Specifically, the Cyber Security Law provides that companies adopt an MLPS, under which network operators are required to perform obligations of security protection to ensure that the network is free from interference, disruption or unauthorized access, and prevent network data from being disclosed, stolen or tampered. The CAC released draft amendments to the Cyber Security Law in September 2022, which propose to impose more stringent legal liabilities for violations. Under the MLPS, entities operating information systems must have a thorough assessment of the risks and the conditions of their information and network systems to determine the level to which the entity’s information and network systems belong, from the lowest Level 1 to the highest Level 5 pursuant to a series of national standards on the grading and implementation of the classified protection of cybersecurity. The grading result will determine the set of security protection obligations that entities must comply with and when relevant government authority examination and approval is required.
Under the Cyber Security Law and Data Security Law, we are required to establish and maintain a comprehensive data and network security management system that will enable us to monitor and respond appropriately to data security and network security risks. We are obligated to notify affected individuals and appropriate Chinese regulators of and respond to any reductiondata security and network security incidents. Establishing and maintaining such systems takes substantial time, effort and cost, and we may not be able to establish and maintain such systems as fully as needed to ensure compliance with our legal obligations. Despite our investment, such systems may not adequately protect us or enable us to appropriately respond to or mitigate all data security and network security risks or incidents we may face.
Furthermore, under the Data Security Law, data categorized as “important data,” which will be determined by governmental authorities in capital, share transferthe form of catalogs, is to be processed and handled with a higher level of protection. The notion of important data is not clearly defined by the Cyber Security Law or liquidation to us; and (iv) to prohibitions on our ability to inject additional capital into these subsidiaries. Moreover, failurethe Data Security Law. In order to comply with the statutory requirements, we will need to determine whether we possess important data, monitor the important data catalogs that are expected to be published by local governments and departments, perform risk assessments and ensure we are complying with reporting obligations to applicable regulators. We may also be required to disclose to regulators business sensitive or network security-sensitive details regarding our processing of important data and may need to pass the government security review or obtain government approval in order to share important data with offshore recipients, which can include foreign licensors, or share data stored in mainland China with judicial and law enforcement authorities outside of mainland China. If judicial and law enforcement authorities outside mainland China require us to provide data stored in mainland China, and we are not able to pass any required government security review or obtain any required government approval to do so, we may not be able to meet the foreign authorities’ requirements and may be unable to share information outside of China which may disrupt the operation of our business. The potential conflicts in legal obligations could have adverse impacts on our operations in and outside of mainland China. PRC regulatory authorities have also enhanced the supervision and regulation of cross-border data transmission. The Data Security Law prohibits entities and individuals in China from providing any foreign judicial or law enforcement authority with any data stored in China without approval from competent PRC authority, and sets forth the legal liabilities of entities and individuals found to be in violation of their data protection obligations, including rectification order, warning, fines, suspension of relevant business, and revocation of business permits or licenses. Moreover, the CAC promulgated the Measures for the Security Assessment of Cross-border Data Transmission, which became effective as of September 1, 2022. According to these measures, personal data processors are subject to security assessment prior to any cross-border transfer of data if the transfer involves (i) important data; (ii) personal information transferred overseas by operators of critical information infrastructure or a data processor that has processed personal data of more than one million persons; (iii) personal information transferred overseas by a data processor who has already provided personal data of 100,000 persons or sensitive personal data of 10,000 persons overseas since January 1 of last year; or (iv) other circumstances as requested by the CAC. Any cross-border data transfer activities conducted in violation of the Measures for the Security Assessment of Cross-border Data Transmission before the effectiveness of these measures were required to be rectified by March 2023. Though these measures have already taken effect, substantial uncertainties still exist with respect to the interpretation and implementation of these measures in practice and how they will affect our business operation.
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The CAC has taken action against several Chinese internet companies listed on U.S. securities exchanges for alleged national security risks and improper collection and use of the personal information of Chinese data subjects. According to the official announcement, the action was initiated based on the National Security Law of the People’s Republic of China (the “National Security Law”), the Cyber Security Law and the Cybersecurity Review Measures. Effective February 15, 2022, the CAC, together with 12 other PRC governmental authorities, promulgated the Revised Cybersecurity Review Measures, pursuant to which critical information infrastructure operators procuring network products and services and online platform operators carrying out data processing activities, which affect or may affect national security, shall conduct a cybersecurity review. In addition, online platform operators possessing personal information of more than one million users seeking to be listed on foreign stock markets must apply for a cybersecurity review. The relevant competent governmental authorities may also initiate a cybersecurity review against the relevant operators if the authorities believe that the network product or service or data processing activities of such operators affect or may affect national security. There are still uncertainties as to the exact scope of network product or service or data processing activities that will or may affect national security, and the PRC government authorities may have discretion in the interpretation and enforcement of these measures.
Additionally, the CAC published the draft Administrative Regulations on Cyber Data Security (“Draft Cyber Data Security Regulations”), pursuant to which data processors shall apply for cybersecurity review if they engage in (i) merger, reorganization or division of internet platform operators with significant data resources related to national security, economic development or public interests that affects or may affect national security; (ii) overseas listing while processing over one million users’ personal information; (iii) Hong Kong listing that affects or may affect national security; or (iv) other data processing activities that affect or may affect national security. The Draft Cyber Data Security Regulations further require data processors processing important data or going public overseas to conduct annual data security self-assessment and submit an assessment report to the CAC before January 31 each year. As the Draft Cyber Data Security Regulations were released only for public comment, the final version and the effective date thereof may be subject to change with substantial uncertainty.
It is unclear how widespread the cybersecurity review requirement and the enforcement action will be and what effect they will have on the life sciences sector generally and the Company in particular. China’s regulators may impose penalties for non-compliance ranging from fines or suspension of operations, and the imposition of any such penalties on our business could cause a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, prospects and the trading price of our ordinary shares, ADSs and RMB Shares, and could lead to our delisting from the Nasdaq. As of the date of this report, we have not received any notice from any Chinese regulatory authority identifying us as a “critical information infrastructure operator,” “online platform operator” or “data processor,” or requiring us to go through the cybersecurity review procedures pursuant to the Revised Cybersecurity Review Measures and the Draft Cyber Data Security Regulations. However, there remains uncertainty as to how the regulations if enacted as currently proposed, will be interpreted or implemented and whether the Chinese regulatory authorities will adopt additional regulations. We intend to closely monitor the evolving laws and regulations in this area and take all reasonable measures to mitigate compliance risks, we cannot guarantee that our business and operations will not be adversely affected by the potential impact of the Revised Cybersecurity Review Measures, the Draft Cyber Data Security Regulations or other laws and regulations related to privacy, data protection and information security.
Additionally, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress of the PRC promulgated the PIPL, which expands data protection compliance obligations to cover the processing of personal information of persons by organizations and individuals in China, and the processing of personal information of persons in China outside of China if such processing is for purposes of providing products and services to, or analyzing and evaluating the behavior of, persons in China. The PIPL also provides that critical information infrastructure operators and personal information processing entities that process personal information meeting a volume threshold are also required to store in China personal information generated or collected in China, and to pass a security assessment for any export of such personal information. Lastly, the PIPL contains proposals for significant fines for serious violations of up to RMB50 million, or 5% of annual revenues from the prior year, and penalties, including that companies found to have violated the PIPL may be ordered to suspend any related activity.
Interpretation, application and enforcement of these laws, rules and regulations evolve from time to time and their scope may continually change, through new legislation, amendments to existing legislation or changes in enforcement. Compliance with the Cyber Security Law, the Data Security Law and the PIPL could significantly increase the cost to us of providing our service offerings, require significant changes to our operations or even prevent us from providing certain service offerings in jurisdictions in which we currently operate or in which we may operate in the future. Despite our efforts to comply with applicable laws, regulations and other obligations relating to privacy, data protection and information security, it is possible that our practices, offerings or platform could fail to meet all of the requirements imposed by the Cyber Security Law, the Data Security Law and/or related implementing regulations. Any failure on our part to comply with such law or regulation, or any compromise of security that results in unauthorized access, use or release of personally identifiable information or other data, or the perception or allegation that any of the foregoing types of failure or compromise has occurred, could damage our reputation, discourage new and existing counterparties from contracting with us or result in investigations, fines, suspension or other penalties by Chinese government authorities and private claims or litigation, any of which could materially adversely affect our
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business, financial condition and results of operations. Even if our practices are not subject to legal challenge, the perception of privacy concerns, whether or not valid, may harm our reputation and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, the legal uncertainty created by the Data Security Law and the recent Chinese government actions could materially adversely affect our ability, on favorable terms, to raise capital in the U.S. and other markets in the future.
If we or parties on whom we rely fail to maintain the necessary licenses for the development, manufacture, sale and distribution of our products, our ability to conduct our business could be materially impaired.
We are required to obtain, maintain and renew various foreign exchange registration requirements described abovepermits, licenses and certificates to develop, manufacture, promote and sell our products. Third parties, such as distributors, third-party promoters and third-party manufacturers, on whom we may rely to develop, manufacture, promote, sell and distribute our products may be subject to similar requirements. We and third parties on whom we rely may be also subject to regular inspections, examinations, inquiries or audits by the regulatory authorities, and an adverse outcome of such inspections, examinations, inquiries or audits may result in the loss or non-renewal of the relevant permits, licenses and certificates. Moreover, the criteria used in reviewing applications for, or renewals of permits, licenses and certificates may change from time to time, and there can be no assurance that we or the parties on whom we rely will be able to meet new criteria that may be imposed to obtain or renew the necessary permits, licenses and certificates. Many of such permits, licenses and certificates are material to the operation of our business, and if we or parties on whom we rely fail to maintain or renew material permits, licenses and certificates, our ability to conduct our business could be materially impaired. Furthermore, if the interpretation or implementation of existing laws and regulations change, or new regulations come into effect, requiring us or parties on whom we rely to obtain any additional permits, licenses or certificates that were previously not required to operate our business, there can be no assurance that we or parties on whom we rely will successfully obtain such permits, licenses or certificates.
*Our financial and operating performance may be adversely affected by government shutdowns, public health crises, natural catastrophes, or other business interruptions outside of our control.
Our global operations and those of our third-party contractors and collaborators expose us to natural or man-made disasters, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, fires, explosions, public health crises, such as epidemics or pandemics, terrorist activity, wars, or other business interruptions outside of our control. Furthermore, we do not maintain any insurance other than property insurance for some of our buildings, vehicles and equipment. Accordingly, unexpected business interruptions resulting from disasters could disrupt our operations and thereby result in substantial costs and diversion of resources. For example, our Guangzhou manufacturing facility was hit by a typhoon in 2019 and although the typhoon did not cause material damage to the facility, the boundary area and the adjacent land were flooded, causing a power outage for a few days. Afterwards, we built a gutter along the boundary and installed waterproof electricity cables to fortify the facility and to help prevent future interruptions. A significant disruption at either our Guangzhou or Suzhou manufacturing facilities, even on a short-term basis, could impair our ability to timely produce products, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations.
Our production process requires a continuous supply of electricity. We have encountered power shortages historically in China due to restricted power supply to industrial users during summers when the usage of electricity is high and supply is limited or as a result of damage to the electricity supply network. Because the duration of those power shortages was brief, they had no material impact on our operations. Longer interruptions of electricity supply could result in lengthy production shutdowns, increased costs associated with restarting production and the loss of production in progress. Any major suspension or termination of electricity or other unexpected business interruptions could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We also rely in part on third-party manufacturers to produce and process our medicines and drug candidates. Our ability to obtain supplies of our medicines and drug candidates could be disrupted if the operations of these suppliers are affected by man-made or natural disasters, public health epidemics or other business interruptions which could cause us to delay or cease development or commercialization of some or all of our medicines and drug candidates. In addition, we partially rely on our third-party research institution collaborators for conducting research and development of our drug candidates, and they may be affected by such business interruptions, government shutdowns or withdrawn funding. For example, the ability of the FDA to review and approve new products can be affected by a variety of factors, including government budget and funding levels, the ability to hire and retain key personnel and accept the payment of user fees, and statutory, regulatory and policy changes. Average review times at the agency have fluctuated in recent years as a result. In addition, government funding of the SEC and other government agencies on which our operations may rely, including those that fund research and development activities, is subject to the political process, which is inherently fluid and unpredictable. Disruptions at the FDA and other agencies may also slow the time necessary for new product candidates to be reviewed and/or approved by necessary government agencies, which would adversely affect our business. If a prolonged government shutdown occurs, it could significantly impact the ability of the
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FDA to timely review and process our regulatory submissions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business. Further, future government shutdowns could impact our ability to access the public markets and obtain necessary capital in order to properly capitalize and continue our operations.
In particular, the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted our business and our financial performance, and future global pandemics or other public health crises could have similar negative impacts, including causing a delay in or the inability of health authorities to complete regulatory inspections of our development activities, regulatory filings, manufacturing operations, or clinical trial recruitment. Additionally, the commercial or clinical supply of our medicines and drug candidates could be negatively impacted due to reduced operations or a shutdown of our or our third-party manufacturing facilities, distribution channels and transportation systems, or shortages of raw materials and drug product.

The COVID-19 pandemic also resulted in significant governmental measures being implemented to control the spread of the virus, including quarantines, travel restrictions, social distancing and business shutdowns. To the extent similar measure are enacted in the future, such measures may negatively affect our business by inducing absenteeism or employee turnover, disrupting our operations, or increasing the risk of a cybersecurity incident.
Climate change manifesting as physical or transition risks, included related environmental regulation, could have a material adverse impact on our business operations, clients and customers.
The long-term effects of climate change are difficult to assess and predict. Our business and the activities of our clients and customers could be impacted by climate change. Climate change could manifest as a financial risk either through changes in the physical climate or from the process of transitioning to a low-carbon economy, including related environmental regulation of companies with respect to risks posed by climate change.
The physical impacts of climate change may include physical risks (such as rising sea levels or frequency and severity of extreme weather conditions), social and human effects (such as population dislocations or harm to health and well-being), compliance costs and transition risks (such as regulatory or technology changes) and other adverse effects. The effects could impair, for example, the availability and cost of certain products, commodities and energy (including utilities), which in turn may impact our ability to procure goods or services required for the operation of our business at the quantities and levels we require. Furthermore, related environmental regulation as a response to climate change could result in additional costs in the form of taxes and investments of capital to maintain complacent with such laws. We bear losses incurred as a result of, for example, physical damage to or destruction of our facilities, loss or spoilage of inventory, and business interruption due to weather events that may be attributable to climate change and could materially adversely affect our business operations, financial position or results of operation.
Product liability claims or lawsuits could cause us to incur substantial liabilities.
We face an inherent risk of product liability as a result of the commercialization of our medicines in the United States, China, Europe and other markets, and for the clinical testing and any future commercialization of our drug candidates globally. For example, we may be sued if our medicines or drug candidates cause or are perceived to cause injury or are found to be otherwise unsuitable during clinical testing, manufacturing, marketing or sale. Any such product liability claims may include allegations of defects in manufacturing, defects in design, a failure to warn of dangers inherent in the medicine, negligence, strict liability or a breach of warranties. Claims could also be asserted under applicable consumer protection acts. If we cannot successfully defend ourselves against or obtain indemnification from our collaborators for product liability claims, we may incur substantial liabilities or be required to limit commercialization of our medicines and drug candidates. Even successful defense would require significant financial and management resources. Regardless of the merits or eventual outcome, liability claims may result in: decreased demand for our medicines; injury to our reputation; withdrawal of clinical trial participants and inability to continue clinical trials; initiation of investigations by regulators; costs to defend the related litigation; a diversion of our management’s time and resources; substantial monetary awards to trial participants or patients; product recalls, withdrawals or labeling, marketing or promotional restrictions; loss of revenue; exhaustion of any available insurance and our capital resources; the inability to commercialize any medicine or drug candidate; and a decline in our share price.
Our inability to obtain sufficient product liability insurance at an acceptable cost to protect against potential product liability claims could prevent or inhibit the commercialization of our medicines and drug candidates. Although we currently hold product liability coverage which we believe to be sufficient in light of our current products and clinical programs, the amount of such insurance coverage may not be adequate, and we may be unable to maintain such insurance at a reasonable cost or in an amount adequate to satisfy any liability that may arise, or we may not be able to obtain additional or replacement insurance at a reasonable cost, if at all. Our insurance policies may also have various exclusions, and we may be subject to a product liability claim for which we have no coverage. We may have to pay any amounts awarded by a court or negotiated in a settlement that exceed our coverage limitations or that are not covered by our insurance, and we may not have, or be able to
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obtain, sufficient capital to pay such amounts. Even if our agreements with any future collaborators entitle us to indemnification against losses, such indemnification may not be available or adequate should any claim arise.
*We are subject to the risks and challenges of doing business globally, which may adversely affect our business operations.
Our business is subject to risks and challenges associated with doing business globally. Accordingly, our business and financial results could be adversely affected due to a variety of factors, including: changes in a specific country’s or region’s political and cultural climate or economic condition; unexpected changes in laws and regulatory requirements in local jurisdictions; challenges in replicating or adapting our company policies and procedures to operating environments different from that of the United States; difficulty of effective enforcement of contractual provisions in local jurisdictions; inadequate intellectual property protection in certain countries; enforcement of anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws, such as the FCPA; trade-protection measures or disputes, import or export licensing requirements, and fines, penalties or suspension or revocation of export privileges; laws and regulations on foreign investment in the United States under the jurisdiction of the CFIUS and other agencies; the effects of applicable local tax regimes and potentially adverse tax consequences; the impact of public health epidemics on employees, our operations and the global economy; restrictions on international travel and commerce; and significant adverse changes in local currency exchange rates. In addition, in 2017 the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority (“UKFCA”), which regulates the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), announced that it would no longer require banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR to the LIBOR administrator. Following June 30, 2023, the UKFCA ceased to publish one month, three month and six month USD LIBOR settings. In the United States, the Alternative Reference Rate Committee (“ARRC”), a steering committee assembled by the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, was tasked with identifying alternative reference rates to replace LIBOR. The AARC selected, and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York has recommended, the Secured Overnight Finance Rate (“SOFR”) as an alternative to LIBOR. SOFR is a broad measure of the cost of borrowing cash in the overnight United States treasury market. LIBOR and SOFR have significant differences: LIBOR was an unsecured lending rate and SOFR is a secured lending rate, and SOFR is an overnight rate while LIBOR is a forward-looking rate that reflected term rates at different maturities. At this time, it is not possible to predict how markets will respond to SOFR or other alternative reference rates, and as such, the replacement of LIBOR could have an adverse effect on the market for, or value of, LIBOR-linked financial instruments. Failure to manage these risks and challenges could negatively affect our ability to expand our businesses and operations as well as materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Future operating results could be negatively affected by changes in tax rates, the adoption of new tax legislation in the jurisdictions in which we operate, or exposure to additional tax liabilities.
The nature of our international operations subjects us to local, state, regional and national tax laws in jurisdictions around the world. Our future tax expense could be affected by changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities or changes in tax laws or their interpretation. Additionally, tax rules governing cross-border activities are continually subject to modification intended to address concerns over base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) and other perceived international tax avoidance techniques as a result of both coordinated actions by governments, such as the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS, and unilateral measures designed by individual countries. For example, the Cayman Islands has enacted the International Tax Co-operation (Economic Substance) Law (2020 Revision) (the “Economic Substance Law”), which originally took effect on January 1, 2019, and which is accompanied by Guidance on Economic Substance for Geographically Mobile Activities (Version 2.0; April 30, 2019) published by the Cayman Islands Tax Information Authority. The Economic Substance Law embraces a global initiative to combat BEPS and demonstrates the continued commitment of the Cayman Islands to international best practice. The Economic Substance Law provides that relevant entities that existed before January 1, 2019 and that had been conducting relevant activities by that date must comply with the economic substance requirements from July 1, 2019, and relevant entities that are established from January 1, 2019 onwards must comply with the requirements from the date they commence the relevant activity. Although we believe that we currently are not obliged to meet the economic substance requirements under the Economic Substance Law, we cannot predict any changes to the legislation or its interpretation in the future. If we are obliged to meet certain economic substance requirements in the future, our business and results of operations could be negatively impacted if we are required to make changes to our business in order to gain compliance or if we fail to comply.
We have received tax rulings from various governments that have jurisdictional authority over our operations. If we are unable to meet the requirements of such agreements, or if they expire or are renewed on less favorable terms, the result could negatively impact our future earnings. Additionally, the European Commission has opened formal investigations into specific tax rulings granted by several countries to specific taxpayers. While we believe that our rulings are consistent with accepted tax ruling practices, the ultimate resolution of such activities cannot be predicted and could also have an adverse impact on future operating results.
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Risks Related to Our Doing Business in the PRC
*Changes in the political and economic policies of the PRC lawgovernment or in relations between China and the United States or other governments and the oversight and discretion the PRC government has over the conduct of the business operations of our PRC subsidiaries may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations and may result in our inability to sustain our growth and expansion strategies.
Due to our operations in China, our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects may be influenced by economic, legal and social conditions in the PRC or changes in government relations between China and the United States or other governments. There is significant uncertainty about the future relationship between the United States and China with respect to trade policies, treaties, government regulations and tariffs. China’s economy differs from the economies of other countries in many respects, including with respect to the level of development, growth rate, amount of government involvement and oversight upon foreign exchange. While China's economy has experienced significant growth over the past four decades, growth has been uneven across different regions and among various economic sectors. The Chinese government has implemented various measures to encourage economic development and guide the allocation of resources. Some of these measures may benefit the overall Chinese economy, but may have a negative effect on us. For example, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by government oversight of capital investments or changes in tax regulations that are currently applicable to us. In addition, in the past the Chinese government implemented certain measures, including interest rate increases, to manage the pace of economic growth and prevent the economy from overheating. These measures may cause decreased economic activity in China, which may adversely affect our business and results of operations.
*The PRC government has the ability to exert oversight over any offering of securities conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in China-based issuers, and, as a result, may limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer securities to investors, and may cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless.
The PRC government has indicated its intent to exert more oversight over securities offerings and other capital markets activities that are conducted overseas and foreign investment in China-based companies. If the PRC authorities attempt to exercise such oversight or administration through regulation over our PRC subsidiaries, we could be required to restructure our operations to comply with such regulations or potentially cease operations in the PRC entirely, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Any such action, once taken by the PRC government, could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer securities to investors and cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or in extreme cases, become worthless.
For example, the PRC government initiated a series of regulatory actions and statements to regulate business operations in China, including cracking down on illegal activities in the securities market, enhancing supervision over China-based companies listed overseas using the variable interest entity structure, adopting new measures to extend the scope of cybersecurity reviews, and expanding the efforts in anti-monopoly enforcement. For example, in July 2021, the relevant PRC government authorities made public the Opinions on Intensifying Crack Down on Illegal Securities Activities (the “Securities Opinions”), which emphasized the need to strengthen the administration over illegal securities activities and the supervision on overseas listings by China-based companies and proposed to take effective measures, such as promoting the construction of relevant regulatory systems to deal with the risks and incidents faced by China-based overseas listed companies.
Furthermore, in July 2021, the PRC government provided guidance on China-based companies raising capital outside of China, including through arrangements called variable interest entities (“VIEs”). In light of such developments, the SEC has imposed enhanced disclosure requirements on China-based companies seeking to register securities with the SEC. In February 2023, the CSRC released the Overseas Listing Trial Measures and five relevant guidelines which became effective as of March 31, 2023. According to the Overseas Listing Trial Measures, where Chinese companies that have directly or indirectly listed securities in overseas markets conduct follow-on offering of equity securities in such overseas markets, they shall fulfill the filing procedures with and report relevant information to the CSRC. As the Overseas Listing Trial Measures have recently been promulgated and are subject to changes and may continue to evolve, we cannot assure you that we would not be deemed as an indirect overseas listed Chinese company under the Overseas Listing Trial Measures. If we are deemed as an indirect overseas listed Chinese company but fail to complete the filing procedures with the CSRC for circumventing applicableany of our follow-on offerings or follow relevant reporting requirements thereunder, we may be subject to penalties, sanctions and fines imposed by the CSRC and relevant departments of the State Council. See also the section of our Annual Report titled “Part I —Item 1 — Business — Government Regulation – PRC Regulation – Regulations Relating to Overseas Listing”. We are currently evaluating the implications and potential impact of the Overseas Listing Trial Measures and will continue to closely monitor the interpretation and implementation of the Overseas Listing Trial Measures. Due to our operations in China and stock listings in and outside of China, the Overseas Listing Trial Measures and any future PRC, U.S. or other rules and regulations that place restrictions on capital raising could adversely affect our business and results of operations and could significantly limit or completely hinder
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our ability to offer or continue to offer our ADSs or ordinary shares to investors, and could cause the value of our ADSs or ordinary shares to significantly decline or become worthless.
In February 2023, the CSRC and other PRC governmental authorities jointly issued the revised Provisions on Strengthening Confidentiality and Archives Administration of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (the “Revised Confidentiality Provisions”), which became effective as of March 31, 2023. According to the Revised Confidentiality Provisions, Chinese companies that directly or indirectly conduct overseas offerings and listings, shall strictly abide by the laws and regulations on confidentiality when providing or publicly disclosing, either directly or through their overseas listed entities, materials to securities services providers. In the event such materials contain state secrets or working secrets of government agencies, the Chinese companies shall first obtain approval from authorities, and file with the secrecy administrative department at the same level with the approving authority; in the event that such materials, if divulged, will jeopardize national security or public interest, the Chinese companies shall comply with procedures stipulated by national regulations. The Chinese companies shall also provide a written statement of the specific sensitive information provided when providing materials to securities service providers, and such written statements shall be retained for inspection. As the Revised Confidentiality Provisions recently took effect, their interpretation and implementation remain substantially uncertain.
Currently, these statements and regulatory actions have had no impact on our daily business operations, the ability to accept foreign exchange restrictions.investments and list our securities on a U.S. or other foreign exchange. However, since these statements and regulatory actions are new, it is highly uncertain how the legislative or administrative regulation making bodies will further respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be further modified or promulgated, if any, and the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on our daily business operations, the ability to accept foreign investments and list our securities on a U.S., Hong Kong, or other stock exchanges. There are still substantial uncertainties as to how PRC governmental authorities will regulate overseas listing in practice and whether we are required to obtain any specific regulatory approvals from PRC governmental authorities for our offshore offerings. If PRC regulatory agencies later promulgate new rules or explanations requiring that we obtain their approvals for our future offshore offerings, we may be unable to obtain such approvals in a timely manner, or at all, and such approvals may be rescinded even if obtained. Any such circumstance could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to continue to offer securities to investors and cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless. In addition, implementation of industry-wide regulations directly targeting our operations could cause the value of our securities to significantly decline. Therefore, investors of our company face potential uncertainty from actions taken by the PRC government affecting our business.
*The audit reports included in our previous annual reports on Form 10-K filed with the SEC have historically been prepared by auditors who are not inspected fully by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (the “PCAOB”), and as such, investors have previously been deprived of the benefits of such inspections.
Ernst & Young Hua Ming LLP, our auditor from fiscal year 2014 to fiscal year 2021, is required to undergo regular inspections by the PCAOB as an auditor of companies that are publicly traded in the United States and a firm registered with the PCAOB. Since Ernst & Young Hua Ming LLP is located in China, a jurisdiction where the PCAOB had been unable to conduct inspections without the approval of the Chinese authorities, Ernst & Young Hua Ming LLP was not previously inspected by the PCAOB. Additionally, because we have substantial operations within the PRC, a jurisdiction where the PCAOB was previously unable to conduct inspections without the approval of the Chinese government authorities, Ernst & Young Hua Ming LLP and the audit work that it has carried out for us in the PRC has not historically been able to be inspected independently and fully by the PCAOB.
Inspections of other auditors conducted by the PCAOB outside the PRC have at times identified deficiencies in those auditors’ audit procedures and quality control procedures, which may be addressed as part of the inspection process to improve future audit quality. The lack of PCAOB inspections of audit work undertaken in the PRC prevents the PCAOB from regularly evaluating auditors’ audits and their quality control procedures. As a result, to the extent that any components of our auditor’s work papers had been located in China, such work papers had not been subject to inspection by the PCAOB. As a result, we and investors of our ADSs, ordinary shares and RMB Shares had been deprived of the benefits of such PCAOB inspections, which could cause investors and potential investors of our securities to lose confidence in our audit procedures and reported financial information and the quality of our financial statements.
*To the extent the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act is further revised or similar legislation is enacted, our ADSs may be at risk of delisting and our ADSs and ordinary shares potentially prohibited from trading in the over-the-counter market. The delisting of our ADSs, or the threat of their being delisted, may materially and adversely affect the value of your investment.
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In December 2020, the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (“HFCAA”), was signed into law as part of a continued regulatory focus in the United States on access to audit and other information currently protected by national law. The HFCAA states if the SEC determines that we have filed audit reports issued by a registered public accounting firm that has not been subject to inspection by the PCAOB for three consecutive years beginning in 2021, the SEC shall prohibit securities from being traded on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter trading market in the U.S. Following the filing of our annual report on Form 10-K for fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, which was audited by Ernst & Young Hua Ming LLP, the SEC added us to its list of Commission-Identified Issuers identified under HFCAA. In December 2022, the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (“AHFCAA”) was signed into law, which amended the HFCAA to shorten the three-year period to two years.
However, as our global business expanded, we built substantial organizational capabilities outside of the PRC and we evaluated, designed and implemented business processes and control changes which enabled us to engage Ernst & Young LLP, located in Boston, Massachusetts, United States, as our independent registered public accounting firm for the audits of our financial statements and internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022. We expect that this will satisfy the PCAOB inspection requirements for the audit of our consolidated financial statements, subject to compliance with SEC and other requirements prior to the two-year deadline of the AHFCAA.
Given that Ernst and Young LLP (United States) now serves as the principal accountant to audit our consolidated financial statements, we expect to be able to comply with the HFCAA and AHFCAA and certify that we have retained a registered public accounting firm that the PCAOB has determined it is able to inspect or investigate which would preclude a further finding by the SEC that we are a Commission-Identified Issuer and therefore the delisting of our ADSs from the Nasdaq Global Select Market.
Furthermore, in August 2022, the PCAOB signed a Statement of Protocol with the CSRC and the Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China, for opening access for the PCAOB to inspect and investigate completely registered public accounting firms in mainland China and Hong Kong. The PCAOB staff members conducted on-site inspections and investigations in late 2022. In December 2022, the PCAOB announced that it has secured complete access to inspect and investigate registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong, which would include Ernst & Young Hua Ming LLP, and confirmed that until such time as the PCAOB issues any new determination, there are no Commission-Identified Issuers at risk of having their securities subject to a trading prohibition under the HFCAA.
Additionally, in October 2021, Nasdaq adopted additional listing criteria applicable to companies that primarily operate in jurisdictions where local regulators impose secrecy laws, national security laws or other laws that restrict U.S. regulators from accessing information relating to the issuer (a “Restrictive Market”). Under this rule, whether a jurisdiction permits PCAOB inspection would be a factor in determining whether a jurisdiction is deemed by Nasdaq to be a Restrictive Market. China may be considered to be a Restrictive Market and, as a result, Nasdaq may impose on us additional continued listing criteria or deny continued listing of our securities on Nasdaq, and we cannot assure you whether Nasdaq or regulatory authorities would apply additional and more stringent criteria to us after considering the effectiveness of our auditor’s audit procedures and quality control procedures, adequacy of personnel and training, or sufficiency of resources, geographic reach or experience as it relates to our audit.
We may be subject to enforcement under the HFCAA, the rules implementing the act that may be adopted by the SEC, and any other similar legislation that may be enacted into law or executive orders that may be adopted in the future. Although we are committed to complying with the rules and regulations applicable to listed companies in the United States, we are currently unable to predict the potential impact on our listed status by any rules that may be adopted by the SEC under the HFCAA in the future. If we failed to comply with those rules, it is possible that our ADSs would be delisted. The risk and uncertainty associated with a potential delisting would have a negative impact on the price of our ADSs, ordinary shares and RMB Shares. Delisting of our ADSs would force holders of our ADSs to sell their ADSs or convert them into our ordinary shares, which are listed for trading on the HKEx. Although our ordinary shares are listed in Hong Kong, investors may face difficulties in converting their ADSs into ordinary shares and migrating the ordinary shares to Hong Kong or may have to incur increased costs or suffer losses in order to do so. Failure to adopt effective contingency plans may also have a material adverse impact on our business and the price of our ADSs, ordinary shares and RMB Shares.
*There are uncertainties regarding the interpretation and enforcement of Chinese laws, rules and regulations.
A large portion of our operations are conducted in China through our Chinese subsidiaries. Our Chinese subsidiaries are subject to laws, rules and regulations applicable to foreign investment in China. The Chinese legal system is a civil law system based on written statutes. Unlike the common law system, prior court decisions may be cited for reference but have limited precedential value.
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Furthermore, China's legal system is still developing. The laws, rules and regulations are subject to interpretation and enforcement by PRC regulatory agencies and courts. In particular, on account of the relatively new implementation of certain laws, rules and regulations, the non-precedential nature of court decisions, and the discretion such laws, rules and regulations give to the relevant regulator in enforcement, the interpretation and enforcement of these laws, rules and regulations involve uncertainties and can be inconsistent. In addition, the legal system is based in part on government policies and rules which may quickly be amended from time to time. As a result, we may not be aware of our violation of these policies and rules until after the occurrence of the violation.
China's Foreign Investment Law and its implementing rule came into force in January 2020. The Foreign Investment Law and its implementing rules embody an expected regulatory trend to rationalize China’s foreign investment regulatory regime in line with prevailing international practice and the legislative efforts to unify the legal requirements for both foreign and domestic investments. There are still uncertainties with respect to the interpretation and implementation of the Foreign Investment Law and its implementing rules. For example, the Foreign Investment Law and its implementing rules provide that foreign invested entities established according to the previous laws regulating foreign investment prior to its implementation may maintain their structure and corporate governance for a five-year transition period. It is uncertain whether governmental authorities may require us to adjust the structure and corporate governance of certain of our Chinese subsidiaries in such transition period. Failure to take timely and appropriate measures to meet any of these or similar regulatory requirements could materially affect our current corporate governance practices and business operations and our compliance costs may increase significantly. In addition, the Security Review Rules, effective as of January 18, 2021, embody China's continued efforts to provide a legal regime for national security review comparable to similar procedures in other jurisdictions, such as CFIUS review in the United States. There are still uncertainties with respect to the interpretation, implementation and enforcement of the Security Review Rules. For example, national security remains undefined and there is no clear guidance on whether the biotechnology industry requires security review and what factors the regulatory authority may consider in determining whether there are security concerns. It is difficult to evaluate the impact of the Security Review Rules on our existing investments or potential investments in China.
It may be difficult for overseas regulators to conduct investigations or collect evidence within China. In China, there are legal and other obstacles to providing information needed for regulatory investigations or litigations initiated outside China. According to Article 177 of the PRC Securities Law, which became effective in March 2020, no overseas securities regulator is allowed to directly conduct investigation or evidence collection activities within the PRC territory, which may increase the difficulties you face in protecting your interests. According to the Revised Confidentiality and Archives Administration Provisions, where overseas securities regulators or relevant competent authorities request to inspect, investigate or collect evidence from Chinese domestic companies concerning their overseas offering and listing or their securities firms and securities service providers that undertake securities business for such Chinese domestic companies, such inspection, investigation and evidence collection must be conducted under the cross-border regulatory cooperation mechanism, and the CSRC or competent authorities of the Chinese government will provide necessary assistance pursuant to bilateral and multilateral cooperation mechanism. Although the authorities in China may establish a regulatory cooperation mechanism with the securities regulatory authorities of another country or region to implement cross-border supervision and administration, such cooperation with the securities regulatory authorities in the Unities States may not be efficient in the absence of a mutual and practical cooperation mechanism. For risks associated with investing in us as a Cayman Islands company, see also the risk factor entitled “—Risks Related to Our Ordinary Shares, ADSs, and RMB Shares—We are a Cayman Islands company. Because judicial precedent regarding the rights of shareholders is more limited under Cayman Islands law than under Hong Kong law, Chinese law or U.S. law, our shareholders may have fewer shareholder rights than they would have under Hong Kong law, Chinese law or U.S. law and may face difficulties in protecting their interests.”
Any administrative and court proceedings in the jurisdictions in which we operate, including China may be protracted, resulting in substantial costs and diversion of resources and management attention. Since administrative and court authorities have discretion in interpreting and implementing statutory and contractual terms, it may be difficult to evaluate the outcome of administrative and court proceedings and the level of legal protection. These uncertainties may impede our ability to distribute profitsenforce the contracts we have entered and could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
In addition, the PRC government has announced its plans to youenhance its regulatory oversight of China-based companies listed overseas and cross-border law enforcement cooperation. The Securities Opinions called for:
tightening oversight of data security, cross-border data flow and administration of classified information, as well as amendments to relevant regulation to specify responsibilities of overseas listed China-based companies with respect to data security and information security;
enhanced oversight of overseas listed companies as well as overseas equity fundraising and listing by China-based companies; and
extraterritorial application of China’s securities laws.
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There are uncertainties with respect to the interpretation and implementation of the Securities Opinions and the Overseas Listing Trial Measures. The PRC government may promulgate relevant laws, rules and regulations to impose additional obligations and liabilities on overseas listed China-based companies regarding data security, cross-border data flow, and compliance with China’s securities laws. As a company with operations in China and stock listings in and outside of China, it is uncertain whether or how these laws, rules and regulations and their interpretation and implementation may affect us. However, among other things, our ability to obtain external financing through the issuance of equity securities overseas could be adversely affected if restrictions on overseas fundraising are imposed on companies like us.
*The filing or other procedures with, the CSRC or other Chinese regulatory authorities may be required in connection with issuing our equity securities to foreign investors under Chinese law, and, if required, we cannot predict whether we will be able, or how long it will take us, to complete such filing or other procedures.If we fail to complete a filing with the CSRC, our future offering application may be impacted and we may be subject to penalties, sanctions and fines imposed by the CSRC and relevant departments of the State Council.
Pursuant to the Securities Opinions, Chinese regulators are required to accelerate rulemaking related to the overseas issuance and listing of securities outside of China, and update the existing laws and regulations related to data security, cross-border data flow, and administration of classified information. The Securities Opinions emphasized the need to strengthen the administration over illegal securities activities and the need to strengthen the supervision over overseas listings by Chinese companies.
Numerous regulations, guidelines and other measures have been or are expected to be adopted under the umbrella of or in addition to the Cyber Security Law and Data Security Law. As the relevant regulations, guidelines and measures are subject to change and continue to evolve, we cannot assure investors that we will be able to comply with new regulatory requirements relating to our future overseas capital-raising activities outside of China and we may become subject to more stringent requirements with respect to matters including data privacy and cross-border investigation and enforcement of legal claims.
Furthermore, in February 2023, the CSRC released the Overseas Listing Trial Measures and five relevant guidelines, which took effect on March 31, 2023, requiring Chinese companies that have already directly or indirectly offered and listed securities in overseas markets to fulfil their filing obligations and report relevant information to the CSRC within three working days after conducting a follow-on offering of equity securities on the same overseas market. The Overseas Listing Trial Measures may continue to evolve. We may have to go through the filing process for any follow-on offerings we conduct on the NASDAQ Global Select Market or Hong Kong Stock Exchange within three working days of the completion of our follow-on offerings. If we fail to complete a filing with the CSRC for any of our follow-on offerings, we may be subject to penalties, sanctions and fines imposed by the CSRC and relevant departments of the State Council.
As of the date of this report, we have not received any inquiry, notice, warning or sanction regarding completing filing or other procedures in connection with offering our equity securities on the Nasdaq Global Select Market or Hong Kong Stock Exchange from the CSRC or any other Chinese regulatory authorities that have jurisdiction over our operations. However, there remains uncertainty as to the interpretation and implementation of regulatory requirements related to securities offerings and other capital markets activities outside of China. If it is determined in the future that the filing or other procedure with the CSRC or any other regulatory authority is required for issuing our equity securities on the Nasdaq Global Select Market or Hong Kong Stock Exchange, it is uncertain whether we will be able to and how long it would take for us to complete the filing or other procedure, despite our best efforts. If we, for any reason, are unable to complete, or experience significant delays in completing, the requisite relevant filing or other procedure(s), we may face sanctions by the CSRC or other Chinese regulatory authorities. These regulatory authorities may impose fines and penalties on our operations in China, limit our ability to pay dividends outside of China, limit our operations in China, delay or restrict the repatriation of funds into China or take other actions that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects, as well as the trading price of our ADSs, ordinary shares, and RMB Shares. In addition, if the CSRC or other regulatory authorities later promulgate new rules requiring that we obtain their approvals or complete filing or other procedures for any future public offerings on the Nasdaq Global Select Market or Hong Kong Stock Exchange, we may be unable to obtain a waiver of such requirements, if and when procedures are established to obtain such a waiver. Any uncertainties and/or negative publicity regarding such a requirement could have a material adverse effect on the trading price of our ADSs, ordinary shares, and RMB Shares.
To operate our general business activities currently conducted in China, each of our Chinese subsidiaries is required to obtain a business license from the local counterpart of the SAMR. Each of our Chinese subsidiaries has obtained a valid business license from the local counterpart of the SAMR, and no application for any such license has been denied. The pharmaceutical industry in which we operate is also highly regulated in China. Our Chinese subsidiaries are required to obtain applicable licenses from competent Chinese government authorities for our operations in China, including drug manufacturing licenses, drug trade license, clinical trial authorizations, drug registration certificates, licenses for use of experimental animals,
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pollutant discharge licenses and permits for urban sewage discharge into drainage pipe network. We believe our PRC subsidiaries have obtained all applicable licenses and permits which are material to our business operations in China.
PRC regulations establish complex procedures for some acquisitions conducted by foreign investors, which could make it more difficult for us to pursue growth through acquisitions in China.
PRC regulations and rules concerning mergers and acquisitions set forth additional procedures and requirements that could make merger and acquisition activities of PRC-based companies by foreign investors more time-consuming and complex. See also the risk factor entitled “—Risks Related to Our Industry, Business and Operations—We incur significant costs as a result of operating as a public company, and our management is required to devote substantial time to compliance requirements, including establishing and maintaining internal controls over financial reporting. We may be exposed to potential risks if we are unable to comply with these requirements.” These rules, among others, specify that mergers and acquisitions by foreign investors that raise “national defense and security” concerns and mergers and acquisitions through which foreign investors may acquire the de facto control over domestic enterprises that raise “national security” concerns are subject to strict review by the MOFCOM, and the rules prohibit any activities attempting to bypass a security review by structuring the transaction through, among other things, trusts, entrustment or contractual control arrangements. Although we believe that our business is not in an industry related to national security, we cannot preclude the possibility that the competent PRC government authorities may publish explanations contrary to our understanding or broaden the scope of such security reviews in the future, in which case our future acquisitions and investment in the PRC, including those by way of entering into contractual control arrangements with target entities, may be closely scrutinized or prohibited. Moreover, according to the Anti-Monopoly Law, the SAMR shall be notified in advance of any concentration of undertaking if certain filing thresholds are triggered. We may grow our business in part by acquiring complementary businesses in China. Complying with the requirements of the laws and regulations mentioned above and other PRC regulations to complete such transactions could be time-consuming, and any required approval processes, including obtaining approval from the SAMR, may delay or inhibit our ability to complete such transactions, which could affect our ability to expand our business or maintain or expand our market share. Our ability to expand our business or maintain or expand our market share through future acquisitions would as such be materially and adversely affected. Upon completion of our initial public offering, we became an overseas listed company,
In December 2020, the NDRC and therefore, we and our directors, executive officers and other employees who are PRC citizens or who have resided in the PRC for a continuous period of not less than one year and who have been granted restricted shares or options are subject to the Notice on Issues ConcerningMOFCOM promulgated the Foreign Exchange Administration for Domestic Individuals ParticipatingInvestment Security Review Measures, which came into effect on January 18, 2021. Under the Foreign Investment Security Review Measures, investments in Stock Incentive Planmilitary, national defense-related areas or in locations in proximity to military facilities, or investments that would result in acquiring the actual control of Overseas Publicly Listed Company, issued by SAFEassets in February 2012, according to which, employees, directors, supervisorscertain key sectors, such as critical agricultural products, energy and other management members participating in any share incentive plan of an overseas publicly listed company who are PRC citizens or who are non-PRC citizens residing in China for a continuous period of not less than

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one year, subject to limited exceptions,resources, equipment manufacturing, infrastructure, transport, cultural products and services, IT, Internet products and services, financial services and technology sectors, are required to register with SAFE through a domestic qualified agent, which could be a PRC subsidiaryapproved by designated governmental authorities in advance. Official guidance for these measures has not been issued by the designated office in charge of such overseas listed company,security review yet, therefore there are great uncertainties with respect to the interpretation and complete certain other procedures. Failureimplementation of the Foreign Investment Security Review Measures. If any of our business operations were to completefall under the SAFE registrationsforegoing categories, we would need to take further actions in order to comply with these laws, regulations and rules, which may subject them to finesmaterially and legal sanctionsadversely affect our current corporate structure, business, financial condition and may also limit our ability to make payments under our equity incentive plans or receive dividends or sales proceeds related thereto, or our ability to contribute additional capital into our wholly-foreign owned enterprises in China and limit our wholly-foreign owned enterprises’ ability to distribute dividends to us. We also face regulatory uncertainties that could restrict our ability to adopt additional equity incentive plans for our directors and employees under PRC law.

In addition, the SAT has issued circulars concerning employee share options or restricted shares. Under these circulars, employees working in the PRC who exercise share options, or whose restricted shares vest, will be subject to PRC individual income tax. The PRC subsidiariesresults of an overseas listed company have obligations to file documents related to employee share options or restricted shares with relevant tax authorities and to withhold individual income taxes of those employees related to their share options or restricted shares. If the employees fail to pay, or the PRC subsidiaries fail to withhold applicable income taxes, the PRC subsidiaries may face sanctions imposed by the tax authorities or other PRC government authorities.

*In the future, weoperations.

We may rely to some extent on dividends and other distributions on equity frompaid by our principal operatingPRC subsidiaries to fund offshoreany cash and financing requirements.

requirements we may have, and any limitation on the ability of our PRC subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material and adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business.

We are a holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands, and we may in the future rely to some extent on dividends and other distributions on equity frompaid by our principal operatingPRC subsidiaries for our offshore cash and financing requirements, including the funds necessary to pay dividends and other cash distributions to our shareholders fund inter-company loans,or to service any debt we may incur outside China and pay our expenses. The laws, rules and regulations applicable toincur. If any of our PRC subsidiaries incur debt on their own behalf in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us. Under PRC laws and certain otherregulations, our PRC subsidiaries permit payments ofmay pay dividends only out of their retained earnings, if any,respective accumulated profits as determined in accordance with applicablePRC accounting standards and regulations.

Under PRC laws, rules and regulations, each of our subsidiaries incorporated in China In addition, a wholly foreign- owned enterprise is required to set aside at least 10% of its accumulated after-tax profits each year, if any, to fund a certain statutory reserve fund, until the aggregate amount of such fund reaches 50% of its registered capital. Such reserve funds cannot be distributed to us as dividends until the liquidation of the enterprise. At its discretion, a wholly foreign-owned enterprise may allocate a portion of its net income each yearafter-tax profits based on PRC accounting standards to an enterprise expansion fund, certain statutory reserves. These reserves, together with the registered equity, are not distributable as cash dividends. Asor a result of these laws, rulesstaff welfare and regulations, our subsidiaries incorporated in China are restricted in their ability to transfer a portion of their respective net assets to their shareholders as dividends.bonus fund. In addition, registered share capital and capital reserve accounts are also restricted from withdrawal in the PRC, up to the amount of net assets held in each operating subsidiary. As of September 30, 2017,2023 and December 31, 2022, these restricted assets totaled RMB166.6 million.

$3.8 billion and $3.5 billion, respectively.

Our PRC subsidiaries generate primarily all of their revenue in RMB, which is not freely convertible into other currencies. As a result, any restriction on currency exchange may limit the ability of our PRC subsidiaries to use their RMB revenues to pay dividends to us.
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In response to the persistent capital outflow in the PRC and RMB’s depreciation against the U.S. dollar in the fourth quarter of 2016, the People’s Bank of China (“PBOC”) and China's State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) promulgated a series of measures relating to oversight of capital flow, including stricter vetting procedures for domestic companies to remit foreign currency for overseas investments, dividends payments and shareholder loan repayments.
The PRC government may continue to strengthen its oversight of capital flow, and more regulations and substantial vetting process may be put forward by the SAFE for cross-border transactions. Any limitation on the ability of our PRC subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other kinds of payments to us could materially and adversely limit our ability to grow, make investments or acquisitions that could be beneficial to our business, pay dividends, or otherwise fund and conduct our business.
The PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law or the EIT Law(the “EIT Law”) and its implementation rules both of which became effective on January 1, 2008, provide that China-sourced income of foreign enterprises, such as dividends paid by a PRC subsidiary to its equity holders that are non-PRC resident enterprises, will normally be subject to PRC withholding tax at a rate of 10%, unless any such foreign investor’s jurisdiction of incorporationtax residency has a tax treaty with China that provides for a differentreduced withholding arrangement. As a result, dividends paid to us by our PRC subsidiaries are expected to be subject to PRC withholding tax at a rate arrangement and such non-PRC resident enterprises constitute the beneficiary of 10%.

such income.

Pursuant to the Arrangementan arrangement between Mainlandmainland China and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with respect to Taxes on Income, or the(the “Hong Kong Tax Treaty,” BeiGene HK,Treaty”) and relevant tax regulations of the shareholder of our PRC, subsidiaries, may be subject to a withholding tax at a rate of 5% on dividends received from our PRC operating subsidiaries as a Hong Kong tax resident. Pursuant to the Hong Kong Tax Treaty, subject to certain conditions, thisa reduced withholding tax rate of 5% will be available for dividends from PRC entities provided that the recipient holds at least 25% shares of the PRC entities and can demonstrate it is a Hong Kong tax resident and it is the beneficial owner of the dividends. The China government has adopted multiple regulations which stipulate that in determining whether a non-resident enterprise has the status as a beneficial owner, comprehensive analysis shall be conducted based on the factors listed therein and the actual circumstances of the specific case shall be taken into consideration. Specifically, it expressly excludes an agent or a designated payee from being considered as a “beneficial owner.” We own the PRC subsidiaries through BeiGene (Hong Kong) Co., Limited (“BeiGene HK”), a company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong on November 22, 2010 and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. BeiGene HK currently does not hold a Hong Kong tax resident certificate from the Inland Revenue Department of Hong Kong, and there is no assurance that the reduced withholding tax rate will be available.

Furthermore, if our subsidiaries in China incur debt on their own behalf in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends or make other payments to us. Any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to distribute dividends or other payments to us in the future could materially and adversely limit our ability

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to make investments or acquisitions that could be beneficial to our businesses, pay dividends, or otherwise fund and conduct our business.

We may be treated as a resident enterprise for PRC tax purposes under the EIT Law and we may therefore be subject to PRC income tax on our worldwide taxable income at a rateincome. Dividends payable to foreign investors and gains on the sale of 25%.

our ADSs or ordinary shares by our foreign investors may become subject to PRC tax.

Under the EIT Law, an enterprise established outside Chinathe PRC with “de facto management bodies” within Chinathe PRC is considered a “resident enterprise,” meaning that it is treated in a manner similar to a Chinese enterprise for PRC enterprise income tax or EIT, purposes. The implementing rules of the EIT Law define “de facto management bodies” as “management bodies that exercise substantial and overall management and control over the production and operations, personnel, accounting, and properties” of the enterprise. In addition, the Notice Regarding the Determination of Chinese-Controlled Offshore Incorporated Enterprises as PRC Tax Resident Enterprises on the Basis of De Facto Management Bodies, or Circular 82, specifiesregulations specify that certain Chinese-controlled offshore incorporated enterprises, defined as enterprises incorporated under the laws of foreign countries or territories and that have PRC enterprises or enterprise groups as their primary controlling shareholders, will be classified as resident enterprises if all of the following are located or resident in China: (i) senior management personnel and departments that are responsible for daily production, operation and management; (ii) financial and personnel decision-making bodies; (iii) key properties, accounting books, company seal, and minutes of board meetings and shareholders’ meetings; and (iv) half or more of senior management or directors having voting rights. On July 27, 2011, the SAT issued Administrative Measures of Enterprise Income Tax of Chinese-Controlled Offshore Incorporated Resident Enterprises (Trial), or Bulletin 45, which became effective on September 1, 2011 and was most recently amended on October 1, 2016, to provide further guidance on the implementation of Circular 82. Bulletin 45 clarifies certain issues related to determining PRC resident enterprise status, including which competent tax authorities are responsible for determining offshore incorporated PRC resident enterprise status, as well as post-determination administration. In 2014, the SAT, released the Announcement of the SAT on Issues Concerning the Recognition of Chinese-Controlled Enterprises Incorporated Overseas as Resident Enterprises on the Basis of Their Actual Management Bodies and supplemented some provisions on the administrative procedures for the recognition of resident enterprise, while the standards used to classify resident enterprises in Circular 82 remain unchanged.

Although BeiGene, Ltd. does not have a PRC enterprise or enterprise group as ourits primary controlling shareholder and is therefore not a Chinese-controlled offshore incorporated enterprise within the meaning of Circular 82,these regulations, in the absence of guidance specifically applicable to us, we have applied the guidance set forth in Circular 82the regulations to evaluate the tax residence status of BeiGene, Ltd. and its subsidiaries organized outside of the PRC.

We are not aware of any offshore holding company with a corporate structure similar to ours that has been deemed a PRC “resident enterprise” by the PRC tax authorities. Accordingly, we do not believe that our company or any of our overseas subsidiaries should be treated as a PRC resident enterprise.

However, the tax resident status of an enterprise is subject to determination by the PRC tax authorities and uncertainties remain with respect to the interpretation of the term “de facto management body.” If the PRC tax authorities determine that our Cayman Islands holding company is a resident enterprise for PRC EITenterprise income tax purposes, a number of unfavorable PRC tax consequences could follow and we may be subject to EITenterprise income tax at a rate of 25% on our worldwide taxable income, as well as to PRC EITenterprise income tax reporting obligations. In that case, it is possible that dividends paid to us by our PRC subsidiaries will not be subject to PRC withholding tax.

Dividends payable to our foreign investors may be subject to PRC withholding tax and gains on the sale of the ADSs or ordinary shares by our foreign investors may be subject to PRC tax.

If we are deemed a PRC resident enterprise, as described under “—We may be treated as a resident enterprise for PRC tax purposes under the EIT Law and be subject to PRC tax on our worldwide taxable income at a rate of 25%,” dividends paid on our ordinary shares or ADSs, and any gain realized from the transfer of our ordinary shares or ADSs, may be treated as income derived from sources within the PRC. As a result, dividends paid to non-PRC resident enterprise ADS holders or shareholders may be subject to PRC withholding tax at a rate of 10% (or 20% in the case of non-PRC individual ADS holders or shareholders) and gains realized by non-PRC resident enterprises ADS holders or

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shareholders from the transfer of our ordinary shares or ADSs may be subject to PRC tax at a rate of 10% (or 20% in the case of non-PRC individual ADS holders or shareholders). It is unclear whether if we, which may be reduced or any of our subsidiaries

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established outside China are considered a PRC resident enterprise, holders of the ADSs or ordinary shares would be ableexempted according to claim the benefit of incomerelevant tax treaties between PRC and the non-PRC resident enterprise/individual ADS holders' or agreements entered into between China and other countries or areas. If dividends payable to our non-PRC investors, or gains from the transfer of the ADSs or ordinary shares by such investors are subject to PRCshareholders' tax the value of your investment in the ADSs or ordinary shares may decline significantly.

resident jurisdictions.

We and our shareholders face uncertainties with respect to indirect transfers of equity interests in PRC resident enterprises or other assets attributed to a PRC establishment of a non-PRC company, or other assets attributable to a PRC establishment of a non-PRC company.

On February 3, 2015, the SAT issued the Bulletin on Issues of Enterprise Income Tax and Indirect Transfers of Assets by Non-PRC Resident Enterprises, or Bulletin 7, which replaced or supplemented certain previous rules under the Notice on Strengthening Administration of Enterprise Income Tax for Share Transfers by Non-PRC Resident Enterprises, or Circular 698, issued by the SAT, on December 10, 2009.

Pursuant to this Bulletin,Chinese regulations, an “indirect transfer” of “PRC taxable assets,” including equity interests in a PRC resident enterprise, by non-PRC resident enterprises may be recharacterized and treated as a direct transfer of PRC taxable assets, if such arrangement does not have a reasonable commercial purpose and was established for the purpose of avoiding payment of PRC enterprise income tax. As a result, gains derived from such indirect transfer may be subject to PRC enterprise income tax. When determining whether there is a “reasonable commercial purpose” of the transaction arrangement, factors to be taken into consideration include: whether the main value of the equity interest of the relevant offshore enterprise derives from PRC taxable assets; whether the assets of the relevant offshore enterprise mainly consists of direct or indirect investment in Chinathe PRC or if its income mainly derives from China;the PRC; whether the offshore enterprise and its subsidiaries directly or indirectly holding PRC taxable assets have real commercial nature which is evidenced by their actual function and risk exposure; the duration of existence of the business model and organizational structure; the replicability of the transaction by direct transfer of PRC taxable assets; and the tax situation of such indirect transfer and applicable tax treaties or similar arrangements. In respect of an indirect offshore transfer of assets of a PRC establishment, the resulting gain is to be reported on with the enterprise income tax filing of the PRC establishment or place of business being transferred and would consequently be subject to PRC enterprise income tax at a rate of 25%. Where the underlying transfer relates to equity investments in a PRC resident enterprise, which is not related to a PRC establishment or place of business of a non-resident enterprise, a PRC enterprise income tax at the rate of 10% would apply, subject to available preferential tax treatment under applicable tax treaties or similar arrangements. Late payment of applicable tax will subject the transferor to default interest. Gains derived from the sale of shares by investors through a public stock exchange are not subject to the PRC enterprise income tax pursuant to Bulletin 7 where such shares were acquired in a transaction through a public stock exchange. As such, the sale of the ADSs or ordinary shares on a public stock exchange will not be subject to PRC enterprise income tax pursuant to Bulletin 7.tax. However, the sale of our ordinary shares or ADSs originally purchased from a stock exchange by a non-PRC resident enterprise outside a public stock exchange may be subject to PRC enterprise income tax under Bulletin 7.

these regulations.

There are uncertainties as to the application of Bulletin 7. Bulletin 7these regulations, which may be determined by the tax authorities to be applicable to sale of the shares of our offshore subsidiaries or investments where PRC taxable assets are involved. The transferors and transferees may be subject to the tax filing and withholding or tax payment obligation, while our PRC subsidiaries may be requested to assist in the filing. Furthermore, we, our non-resident enterprises and PRC subsidiaries may be required to spend valuable resources to comply with Bulletin 7these regulations or to establish that we and our non-resident enterprises should not be taxed under Bulletin 7,these regulations, for our previous and future restructuring or disposal of shares of our offshore subsidiaries, which may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

The PRC tax authorities have the discretion under Bulletin 7 to make adjustments to the taxable capital gains based on the difference between the fair value of the taxable assets transferred and the cost of investment. If the PRC tax authorities make adjustments to the taxable income of the transactions under Circular 698/Bulletin 7,these regulations, our income tax costs associated with such potential acquisitions or disposals will increase, which may have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Restrictions

*Regulations on currency exchange may limit our ability to utilize our revenue effectively.

The PRC government imposes controlsexerts oversight on the convertibilityconversion of RMB into foreign currencies and, in certain cases, the remittance of currency out of China.the PRC. A portion of our revenue may in the future beis denominated in RMB. Shortages

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in availability of foreign currency may then restrict the ability of our PRC subsidiaries to remit sufficient foreign currency to our offshore entities for our offshore entities to pay dividends or make other payments or otherwise to satisfy our foreign currency denominated obligations. The RMB is currently convertible under the “current account,” which includes dividends, trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions, but not under the “capital account,” which includes foreign direct investment and loans, including loans we may secure from our onshore subsidiaries. Currently, our PRC subsidiaries which are wholly-foreign owned enterprises, may purchase foreign currency for settlement of “current account transactions,” including payment of dividends to us, without the approval of SAFE by complying with certain procedural requirements. However, the relevant PRC governmental authorities may limit or eliminate our ability to purchase foreign currencies in the future for current account transactions. Since a portion of our future revenue may beis denominated in RMB, any existing and future restrictionsregulations on currency exchange may limit our ability to utilize revenue generated in RMB to fund our business activities outside of the PRC or pay dividends in foreign currencies to our shareholders, including holders of our ordinary shares and the ADSs. Foreign exchange transactions under the capital account remain subject to limitations and require approvals from, or registration with, SAFE and other relevant PRC governmental authorities.authorities or designated banks. This could affect our ability to obtain foreign currency through debt or equity financing for our subsidiaries.

The audit report included in

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Our business benefits from certain financial incentives and discretionary policies granted by local governments. Expiration of, or changes to, these incentives or policies would have an adverse effect on our Annual Report is prepared by auditors who are not inspected fully by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or the PCAOB, and, as such, our shareholders are deprivedresults of the benefits of such inspection.

As an auditor of companies that are publicly tradedoperations.

Local governments in the United States and a firm registered with the PCAOB, Ernst & Young Hua Ming LLP is required under the laws of the United StatesPRC have granted certain financial incentives from time to undergo regular inspections by the PCAOB. However, because we have substantial operations within thetime to our PRC a jurisdiction where the PCAOB is currently unable to conduct inspections without the approval of the Chinese government authorities, our auditor and its audit work is not currently inspected fully by the PCAOB.

Inspections of other auditors conducted by the PCAOB outside China have at times identified deficiencies in those auditors’ audit procedures and quality control procedures, which may be addressedsubsidiaries as part of their efforts to encourage the inspection processdevelopment of local businesses. The timing, amount and criteria of government financial incentives are determined within the discretion of the local government authorities and cannot be predicted with certainty before we actually receive any financial incentive. We generally do not have the ability to improve future audit quality. The lackinfluence local governments in making these decisions. Local governments may decide to reduce or eliminate incentives at any time. In addition, some of PCAOB inspectionsthe government financial incentives are granted on a project basis and subject to the satisfaction of audit work undertaken in China preventscertain conditions, including compliance with the PCAOB from regularly evaluating our auditor’s auditsapplicable financial incentive agreements and its quality control procedures. As a result, shareholderscompletion of the specific project therein. We cannot guarantee that we will satisfy all relevant conditions, and if we do so we may be deprived of the benefitsrelevant incentives. We cannot assure you of PCAOB inspections,the continued availability of the government incentives currently enjoyed by us. Any reduction or elimination of incentives would have an adverse effect on our results of operations.

Any failure to comply with PRC regulations regarding our employee equity plans and investments in offshore companies by PRC residents may lose confidencesubject the PRC plan participants and PRC-resident beneficial owners or us to fines and other legal or administrative sanctions.
We and our directors, executive officers and other employees who are PRC residents have participated in our reported financial informationemployee equity plans. We are an overseas listed company, and procedurestherefore, we and our directors, executive officers and other employees who are PRC citizens or who have resided in the qualityPRC for a continuous period of not less than one year and who have been granted restricted share units, restricted shares, options or other forms of equity incentives or rights to acquire equity are subject to the PRC regulations, according to which, employees, directors, supervisors and other management members participating in any share incentive plan of an overseas publicly listed company who are PRC citizens or who are non-PRC citizens residing in the PRC for a continuous period of not less than one year, subject to limited exceptions, are required to register with the SAFE through a domestic qualified agent, which could be a PRC subsidiary of such overseas listed company, and complete certain other procedures. We also face regulatory uncertainties that could restrict our financial statements.

Proceedings instituted byability to adopt additional equity incentive plans for our directors and employees under PRC law. Moreover, failure to comply with the SEC against five PRC-based accounting firms, including our independent registered public accounting firm,various foreign exchange registration requirements could result in liability under PRC law for circumventing applicable foreign exchange restrictions.

The pharmaceutical industry in China is highly regulated, and such regulations are subject to change, which may affect approval and commercialization of our financial statements being determinedmedicines and drug candidates.
A large portion of our business is conducted in China. The pharmaceutical industry in China is subject to not becomprehensive government regulation and supervision, encompassing the approval, registration, manufacturing, packaging, licensing and marketing of new medicines. In recent years, the regulatory framework in China for pharmaceutical companies has undergone significant changes, which we expect will continue. While we believe our strategies regarding research, development, manufacturing and commercialization in China are aligned with the Chinese government's policies, they may in the future diverge, requiring a change in our strategies. Any such change may result in increased compliance costs on our business or cause delays in or prevent the successful research, development, manufacturing or commercialization of our drug candidates or medicines in China and reduce the current benefits we believe are available to us from developing and manufacturing medicines in China.
Chinese authorities have become increasingly active in enforcing laws affecting the pharmaceutical industry. Specifically, the Chinese authorities have recently increased anti-bribery efforts to address improper payments and other benefits received by physicians, staff and hospital administrators in connection with the sales, marketing and purchase of pharmaceuticals products. Any failure by us or our partners to maintain compliance with the requirements of the Exchange Act.

In December 2012, the SEC brought administrative proceedings against five accounting firms in China, including our independent registered public accounting firm, alleging that they had refused to produce audit work papersapplicable laws and other documents related to certain other PRC-based companies under investigation by the SEC. On January 22, 2014, an initial administrative law decision was issued, censuring these accounting firmsregulations or obtain and suspending four of these firms from practicing before the SEC for a period of six months. The decision is neither final nor legally effective unlessmaintain required licenses and until reviewed and approved by the SEC. On February 12, 2014, four of these PRC-based accounting firms appealed to the SEC against this decision. In February 2015, each of the four PRC-based accounting firms agreed to a censure and to pay a fine to the SEC to settle the dispute and avoid suspension of their ability to practice before the SEC. These firms’ ability to continue to serve all their respective clients is not affected by the settlement. The settlement requires these firms to follow detailed procedures to seek to provide the SEC with access to Chinese firms’ audit documents via the China Securities Regulatory Commission. If these firms do not follow these procedures, the SEC could impose penalties such as suspensions, or it could restart the administrative proceedings. The settlement did not require these firms to admit to any violation of law and preserves these firms’ legal defensespermits may result in the suspension or termination of our business activities in China. Reports of what have come to be viewed as significant quality-control failures by Chinese vaccine manufacturers have led to enforcement actions against officials responsible for implementing national reforms favorable to innovative drugs (such as ours). While not directly affecting us, this macro-industry event the administrative proceeding is restarted. In the event that the SEC restarts the administrative proceedings, depending upon the final outcome, listed companies in the United States with major PRC operations may find it difficultcould cause state or impossibleprivate resources to retain auditors in respect of their operations in the PRC,be diverted away from fostering innovation and be redirected toward regulatory enforcement, which could result in financial statements being determined to not be in compliance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, including possible delisting. Moreover, any negative news about the proceedings

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against these audit firms may cause investor uncertainty regarding PRC-based, United States-listed companies and the market price of the ADSs may be adversely affected.

If our independent registered public accounting firm was denied, even temporarily, the ability to practice before the SEC and we were unable to timely find another registered public accounting firm to audit and issue an opinion on our financial statements, our financial statements could be determined not to be in compliance with the requirements of the Exchange Act. Such a determination could ultimately lead to deregistration from the SEC, which would substantially reduce or effectively terminate the trading of the ADSs in the United States. Moreover, any negative news about the proceedings against these audit firms may adversely affect investor confidence in companies with substantial mainland China-based operations listed in the United States. All these would materiallyour research, development, manufacturing and adversely affect the market price of the ADSscommercialization activities and substantially reduce or effectively terminate the trading of the ADSs in the United States.

increase our compliance costs.

Risks Related to the American DepositaryOur Ordinary Shares,

* ADSs, and RMB Shares

The trading prices of theour ordinary shares, ADSs, are likely toand/or RMB Shares can be volatile, which could result in substantial losses to you.

We completed our initial public offering on February 8, 2016, and there has been a public market for the ADSs since that time.

The trading price of theour ordinary shares, ADSs, is likely toand/or RMB Shares can be volatile and could fluctuate widely in response to a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control. In addition,control, including: announcements of regulatory approval or a complete
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response letter, or specific label indications or patient populations for its use, or changes or delays in the regulatory review process; announcements of therapeutic innovations, new products, acquisitions, strategic relationships, joint ventures or capital commitments by us or our competitors; adverse actions taken by regulatory agencies with respect to our clinical trials, manufacturing supply chain or sales and marketing activities; any adverse changes to our relationship with manufacturers or suppliers; the results of our testing and clinical trials; the results of our efforts to acquire or license additional medicines or drug candidates; variations in the level of expenses related to our existing medicines and drug candidates or preclinical, clinical development and commercialization programs; any intellectual property infringement actions in which we may become involved; announcements concerning our competitors or the pharmaceutical industry in general; the performance and fluctuation of the market prices of other companies with significant business operations located mainly in China that have listed their securities in Hong Kong, Shanghai or the United States may affectStates; fluctuations in product revenue, sales and marketing expenses and profitability; manufacture, supply or distribution shortages; variations in our results of operations; announcements about our results of operations that are not in line with analyst expectations, the volatilityrisk of which is enhanced because it is our policy not to give guidance on results of operations; publication of operating or industry metrics by third parties, including government statistical agencies, that differ from expectations of industry or financial analysts; changes in financial estimates by securities research analysts; media reports, whether or not true, about our business, our competitors or our industry; additions to or departures of our management; fluctuations of exchange rates between the priceRMB, the U.S. dollar and Hong Kong dollar; release or expiry of lock-up or other transfer restrictions on our outstanding ordinary shares, ADSs or RMB Shares; sales or perceived potential sales of additional ordinary shares, ADSs or RMB Shares by us, our executive officers and trading volumes for the ADSs. Some of these companies have experienced significant volatility, including significant price declines after their initial public offerings. The trading performances of these PRC companies’ securities at the time ofdirectors or after their offerings may affect theour shareholders; general economic and market conditions and overall investor sentiment towards other PRC companies listedfluctuations in the United States, and consequently may impact the trading performance of the ADSs.

In addition to market and industry factors, the price and trading volume for the ADSs may be highly volatile for specific business reasons, including:

·

announcements of regulatory approval or a complete response letter, or specific label indications or patient populations for its use, or changes or delays in the regulatory review process;

·

announcements of therapeutic innovations or new products by us or our competitors;

·

adverse actions taken by regulatory agencies with respect to our clinical trials, manufacturing supply chain or sales and marketing activities;

·

any adverse changes to our relationship with manufacturers or suppliers;

·

the results of our testing and clinical trials;

·

the results of our efforts to acquire or license additional drug candidates;

·

variations in the level of expenses related to our existing drug candidates or preclinical, clinical development and commercialization programs;

·

any intellectual property infringement actions in which we may become involved;

·

announcements concerning our competitors or the pharmaceutical industry in general;

·

fluctuations in product revenue, sales and marketing expenses and profitability;

·

manufacture, supply or distribution shortages;

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·

variations in our results of operations;

·

announcements about our results of operations that are not in line with analyst expectations, the risk of which is enhanced because it is our policy not to give guidance on results of operations;

·

publication of operating or industry metrics by third parties, including government statistical agencies, that differ from expectations of industry or financial analysts;

·

changes in financial estimates by securities research analysts;

·

announcements made by us or our competitors of new product and service offerings, acquisitions, strategic relationships, joint ventures or capital commitments;

·

media reports, whether or not true, about our business;

·

additions to or departures of our management;

·

fluctuations of exchange rates between the RMB and the U.S. dollar;

·

release or expiry of lock-up or other transfer restrictions on our outstanding ordinary shares or ADSs;

·

sales or perceived potential sales of additional ordinary shares or ADSs;

·

sales of the ADSs by us, our executive officers and directors or our shareholders in the future;

·

general economic and market conditions and overall fluctuations in the U.S.Hong Kong or Shanghai equity markets;

·

changes in accounting principles;

·

changes or developments in the PRC or global regulatory environment; and

·

the outcome of proceedings recently instituted by the SEC against five PRC-based accounting firms, including the affiliate of our independent registered public accounting firm.

Any of these factors may result in large and sudden changes in the volumeaccounting principles; trade disputes or U.S.-China government relations; and trading price of the ADSs. In the past, following periods of volatilitychanges or developments in the market price of a company’s securities, shareholders have often instituted securities class action litigation against that company. If we were involved in a class action suit, it could divertUnited States, PRC, the attention of management, and, if adversely determined, have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

European Union or global regulatory environment.

In addition, the stock market, in general, and small pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, in particular, have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of these companies. Broad market and industry factors may negatively affect the market price of theour ordinary shares, ADSs, and/or RMB Shares, regardless of our actual operating performance. Further, the current decline
The characteristics of capital markets in the financial marketsUnited States, Hong Kong and related factors beyond our controlShanghai are different, which may cause volatility in the market price of our ordinary shares, ADSs, and RMB Shares.
Our ordinary shares are listed on the HKEx in Hong Kong under the stock code “06160”, our ADSs are listed on the Nasdaq in the United States under the symbol “BGNE”, and our RMB Shares are listed on the STAR Market in the PRC under the stock code “688235”. Under current PRC laws and regulations, our ADSs and ordinary shares listed on the Nasdaq and the HKEx are not interchangeable or fungible with the RMB Shares listed on the STAR Market, and there is no trading or settlement between either the Nasdaq or the HKEx on the one hand, and the STAR Market on the other hand. The three markets have different trading hours, trading characteristics (including trading volume and liquidity), trading and listing rules, and investor bases (including different levels of retail and institutional participation). As a result of these major differences, the trading prices of our ordinary shares, ADSs, and RMB Shares might not be the same, even allowing for currency differences. Fluctuations in the price of our ADSs due to decline rapidlycircumstances peculiar to its home capital market could materially and unexpectedly.

adversely affect the price of the ordinary shares and/or RMB Shares, and vice versa. Because of the different characteristics of the U.S., Hong Kong and Shanghai equity markets, the historic market prices of our ordinary shares, ADSs, and RMB Shares may not be indicative of the performance of our securities going forward.

We may be subject to securities litigation, which is expensive and could divert management attention.

The ADS price may be volatile, and in the past companies

Companies that have experienced volatility in the volume and market price of their ADSsshares have been subject to an increased incidence of securities class action litigation.litigation, particularly in our industry in recent years. We may be the target of this type of litigation in the future. Securities litigation against us could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s attention from other business concerns, whichand, if adversely determined, could seriously harmhave a material adverse effect on our business.

business, financial condition, and results of operations.

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*Future sales of theour ordinary shares, ADSs, and/or RMB Shares in the public market could cause the ordinary share, ADS, and/or RMB Share price to fall.

The ADS price of our ordinary shares, ADSs, and/or RMB Shares could decline as a result of sales of a large number of the ordinary shares, ADSs, and/or RMB Shares or the perception that these sales could occur. These sales, or the possibility that these sales may occur, also might make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and at a price that we deem appropriate.

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As of November 8, 2017, we had 591,072,3301, 2023, 1,359,497,624 ordinary shares, par value $0.0001 per share, were outstanding, of which 377,568,555871,833,599 ordinary shares were held in the form of 29,043,735 ADSs. Of this amount, 32,746,41667,064,123 ADSs, each representing 13 ordinary shares, issuedand 115,055,260 were RMB Shares.
We filed a registration statement on Form S-3 with the SEC on behalf of certain shareholders on May 11, 2020, registering 300,197,772 ordinary shares, including 224,861,338 ordinary shares in the form of 17,297,026 ADSs to Celgene atbe resold by the closingselling shareholders identified therein and in any related prospectus supplement from time to time. Amgen also has specified registration rights upon expiration of the Celgene Transaction are subject to a one-year lock-up.

lock-up period. Furthermore, we have registered or plan to register the offer and sale of all ordinary sharessecurities that we have issued and may issue in the future under our equity compensation plans, including upon the exercise of share options and vesting of restricted share units.units and under our employee share purchase plan. If these additional ordinary sharessecurities are sold, or if it is perceived that they will be sold, in the public market, the trading price of our ordinary shares, ADSs and/or RMB Shares could decline.

On May 26, 2017, we filed a registration statement on behalf of certain shareholders, registering 299,279,370 ordinary shares in the form of 23,021,490 ADSs to be resold by the selling shareholders identified therein and in any related prospectus supplement from time to time. As of September 30, 2017, the holder of approximately 224,372 of our then-outstanding ordinary shares, had rights, subject to some conditions, to include its ordinary shares in registration statements we may file for ourselves or other shareholders. We have also agreed to grant certain registration rights with respect to the shares to be issued to Celgene in the event that they are not eligible for sale under Rule 144.

In addition, in the future, we may issue additional ordinary shares, ADSs, RMB Shares, or other equity or debt securities convertible into ordinary shares, ADSs, or RMB Shares in connection with a financing, acquisition, license, litigation settlement, employee arrangements or otherwise. Any such issuance could result in substantial dilution to our existing shareholders and could cause the ordinary share, ADS, and/or RMB Share price to decline.

*We

The triple listing of our ADSs, ordinary shares and RMB Shares may adversely affect the liquidity and value of our ADSs, ordinary shares and/or RMB Shares.
Our ADSs are currentlytraded on the Nasdaq, our existing ordinary shares maintained on our Cayman register in Cayman Islands and Hong Kong register in Hong Kong, are traded on the HKEx, and our RMB Shares are traded on the STAR Market. The triple listing of our ADSs, ordinary shares and RMB Shares may dilute the liquidity of these securities in one or all three markets and may adversely affect the maintenance of an “emerging growth company.” As a result of the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies, the ADSs may be less attractive to investors.

We are currently an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act. For so long as we remain an emerging growth company, we are permitted and intend to rely on some of the exemptions from certain reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. These exemptions include but are not limited to not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, not being required to comply with any requirement that may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor’s report providing additional information about the audit and the financial statements, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a non-binding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

We cannot predict whether investors will find the ADSs less attractive because we will rely on these exemptions. If some investors find the ADSs less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for ADSs in the United States, the ordinary shares in Hong Kong, and/or the RMB Shares in the PRC. The price of our ADSs, ordinary shares and/or RMB Shares could also be adversely affected by trading of our securities on other markets. We may decide at some point in the future to delist our RMB Shares from the STAR Market, and our shareholders may approve such delisting. We cannot predict the ADSeffect such delisting of our RMB Shares on the STAR Market would have on the market price of our ADSs on the Nasdaq or our ordinary shares on the HKEx.

We face increased regulatory scrutiny and compliance costs due to our listing on the STAR Market of the SSE.
We are subject to the applicable laws, rules and regulations governing public companies listed on the STAR Market in addition to the various laws, rules and regulations that we are subject to in the United States and Hong Kong. The listing and trading of our equity securities in multiple jurisdictions and multiple markets will lead to increased compliance obligations and costs for us, and we may face the risk of significant intervention by regulatory authorities in these jurisdictions and markets, such as inquiries, investigations, enforcement actions and other regulatory proceedings by regulatory authorities. In addition, we may be more volatile.

We have determined that, as of June 30, 2017, we have at least $700 million of equitysubject to securities heldlitigation filed with the courts in China by non-affiliates, and as such we will no longer qualify as an emerging growth company as of December 31, 2017. As a result, we will no longer be ablethe investors with respect to take advantage of specified reduced disclosure and other requirements that are available to emerging growth companies after such date.

the RMB Shares traded on the STAR Market.

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Because we do not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future, you must rely on price appreciation of the ordinary shares, ADSs and/or RMB Shares for return on your investment.

We intend to retain most, if not all, of our available funds and earnings to fund the development and growth of our business. As a result, we do not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Therefore, you should not rely on an investment in the ordinary shares, ADSs and/or RMB Shares as a source for any future dividend income.

Our board of directors has significant discretion as to whether to distribute dividends. Even if our board of directors decides to declare and pay dividends, the timing, amount and form of future dividends, if any, will depend on, among other things, our future results of operations and cash flow, our capital requirements and surplus, the amount of distributions, if any, received by us from our subsidiaries, our financial condition, contractual and regulatory restrictions and other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors. Accordingly, the return on your investment in the ordinary shares, ADSs and/or RMB Shares will likely depend entirely upon any future price appreciation of the ADSs.ordinary shares, ADSs and/or RMB Shares. There is no guarantee that the ordinary shares, ADSs and/or RMB Shares will appreciate in value or even maintain the price at which you purchased the ADSs.ordinary shares, ADSs and/or RMB Shares. You may not realize a return on your investment in the ordinary shares, ADSs and/or RMB Shares and you may even lose your entire investment in the ADSs.

ordinary shares, ADSs and/or RMB Shares.

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If securities or industry analysts do not continue to publish research or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, the market price for the ordinary shares, ADSs and/or RMB Shares and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for the ordinary shares, ADSs and RMB Shares relies in part on the research and reports that equity research analysts publish about us or our business. We do not control these analysts. If research analysts do not establish and maintain adequate research coverage or if one or more of the analysts who covers us downgrades the ordinary shares, ADSs and/or RMB Shares or publishes inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, the market price for the ordinary shares, ADSs and/or RMB Shares would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our company or fail to publish reports on us regularly, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which, in turn, could cause the market price or trading volume for the ordinary shares, ADSs and/or RMB Shares to decline significantly.

We

Because we are a Cayman Islands company. Because judicial precedent regarding the rights of shareholders is more limited under Cayman Islands law than under U.S. law,company, our shareholders may have fewer shareholder rights than they would have under Hong Kong law, Chinese law or U.S. law.

law and may face difficulties in protecting their interests.

We are an exempted company with limited liability incorporated in the Cayman Islands. Our corporate affairs are governed by our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association (as may be further amended from time to time), the Companies Law (as amended) of the Cayman Islands, and the common law of the Cayman Islands. The rights of shareholders to take action against the directors, actions by minority shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors are to a large extent governed by the common law of the Cayman Islands. This common law is derived in part from comparatively limited judicial precedent in the Cayman Islands as well as from English common law, which has persuasive, but not binding, authority on a courtcourts in the Cayman Islands. The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors under Cayman Islands law are not as clearly established as they would be under statutes or judicial precedent in some jurisdictions in Hong Kong, mainland China and the United States. In particular, the Cayman Islands has a less developed body of securities law than Hong Kong, mainland China or the United States. In addition, some states in the United States, such as Delaware, have more fully developed and judicially interpreted bodies of corporate law than the Cayman Islands.

In addition, as a Cayman Islands exempted company, our shareholders have no general rights under Cayman Islands law to inspect corporate records and accounts or to obtain copies of lists of shareholders, of these companies with the exception that the shareholders may request a copy of the current amended and restated memorandum and articles of association. Our directors have discretion under our amended and restated articles of association to determine whether or not, and under what conditions, our corporate records may be inspected by our shareholders, but are not obliged to make them available to our shareholders. This may make it more difficult for youshareholders to obtain the information needed to establish any facts necessary for a shareholder motionaction or to solicit proxies from other shareholders in connection with a proxy contest. As a Cayman Islands company, we may not have standing to initiate a derivative action in a Hong Kong, mainland China or U.S. federal court of the United States.court. As a result, youshareholders may be limited in yourtheir ability to protect yourtheir interests if youthey are harmed in a manner that would otherwise enable youthem to sue in a United States federal court. In addition, shareholders of Cayman Islands companies may not have standing to initiate a shareholder derivative action in Hong Kong, mainland China or U.S. federal courts.

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As a result of all of the above, public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions taken by management, members of the board of directors or controlling shareholders than they would as public shareholders of a U.S. company.

*You may face difficulties in protecting your interests, and your ability to protect your rights through the U.S. federal courts may be limited because we are incorporated under Cayman Islands law, we currently conduct substantially all of our operations outside the United States and someSome of our directors and executive officers reside outside the United States.

We are incorporated in the Cayman Islandsof Hong Kong and currently conduct a substantial amount of our operations outside the United States through our subsidiaries. Some of our directors and executive officers reside outside the United States and a substantial portion of their assets are located outside of Hong Kong and the United States. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible for youshareholders to bring an action against us or against these individuals in the Cayman IslandsHong Kong or in Chinathe United States in the event that youshareholders believe that yourtheir rights have been infringed under the securities laws of Hong Kong, the United States or otherwise. In addition, some of our directors and executive officers reside outside of China. To the extent our directors and executive officers reside outside of China or their assets are located outside of China, it may not be possible for investors to effect service of process upon us or our management inside China. Even if youshareholders are successful in bringing an action, of this kind, the laws of the Cayman Islands and China may render youthem unable to enforce a judgment against our assets or the assets of our directors and officers. There is no statutory recognition in the Cayman Islands of judgments obtained in the United States, Hong Kong or China, although the courts of the Cayman Islands will generally recognize and enforce a non-penal judgment of a foreign court of competent jurisdiction without retrial on the merits.

Your voting rights as

As a holderresult of the ADSsabove, shareholders may have more difficulty protecting their interests in the face of actions taken by management, members of the board of directors or controlling shareholders than they would as shareholders of a Hong Kong company, a Chinese company or a U.S. company.
Voting rights of our ADS holders are limited by the terms of the deposit agreement, as amended.

Youagreement. The depositary for the ADSs will give us a discretionary proxy to vote the ordinary shares underlying our ADS holders' ADSs if they do not vote at shareholders’ meetings, except in limited circumstances, which could adversely affect their interests.

Holders of our ADSs may exercise yourtheir voting rights with respect to the ordinary shares underlying yourtheir ADSs only in accordance with the provisions of the deposit agreement, as amended.agreement. Upon receipt of voting instructions from youADS holders in the manner set forth in the deposit agreement, the depositary for the ADSs will endeavor to vote yourthe holder's underlying ordinary shares in
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accordance with these instructions. Under our articles of association, the minimum notice period required for convening aan annual general meeting is seven21 calendar days and the minimum notice period required for convening an extraordinary general meeting is 14 calendar days. When a general meeting is convened, youADS holders may not receive sufficient notice of a shareholders’ meeting to permit youthem to withdraw yourtheir ordinary shares to allow youthem to cast yourtheir vote with respect to any specific matter at the meeting. In addition, the depositary and its agents may not be able to send voting instructions to youADS holders or carry out yourtheir voting instructions in a timely manner. We will make all reasonable efforts to cause the depositary to extend voting rights to youour ADS holders in a timely manner, but youour ADS holders may not receive the voting materials in time to ensure that youthey can vote or instruct the depositarytheir agent to vote yourtheir shares.
Furthermore, the depositary and its agents will not be responsible for any failure to carry out any instructions to vote, for the manner in which any vote is cast or for the effect of any such vote. As a result, youADS holders may not be able to exercise yourtheir right to vote and youthey may lack recourse if yourthe ordinary shares underlying their ADSs are not voted as they requested.
Under the deposit agreement for the ADSs, the depositary will give us a discretionary proxy to vote the ordinary shares underlying ADS holders' ADSs at shareholders’ meetings if such holders do not give voting instructions to the depositary, unless:
we have failed to timely provide the depositary with our notice of meeting and related voting materials;
we have instructed the depositary that we do not wish a discretionary proxy to be given;
we have informed the depositary that there is substantial opposition as to a matter to be voted on at the meeting; or
a matter to be voted on at the meeting would have a material adverse impact on shareholders.
The effect of this discretionary proxy is that, if ADS holders fail to give voting instructions to the depositary, they cannot prevent the ordinary shares underlying their ADSs from being voted, absent the situations described above, and it may make it more difficult for such ADS holders to influence our management. Holders of our ordinary shares are not voted as you requested.

subject to this discretionary proxy.

Anti-takeover provisions in our charterconstitutional documents may discourage our acquisition by a third party, which could limit our shareholders’ opportunity to sell their shares including ordinary shares represented by the ADSs, at a premium.

Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association include provisions that could limit the ability of others to acquire control of our company, could modify our structure or could cause us to engage in change-of-control transactions. These provisions could have the effect of depriving our shareholders of an opportunity to sell their shares, including ordinary shares represented by ADSs, at a premium over prevailing market prices by discouraging third parties from seeking to obtain control in a tender offer or similar transaction.

For example, our board of directors has the authority, without further action by our shareholders, to issue preferred shares in one or more series and to fix the powers and rights of these shares, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption and liquidation preferences, any or all of which may be greater than the rights associated with our ordinary shares. preferredPreferred shares could thus be issued quickly with terms calculated to delay or prevent a change in control or make removal of management more difficult. In addition, if our board of directors authorizes the issuance of preferred shares, the market price of the ordinary shares and/or ADSs may fall and the voting and other rights of the holders of our ordinary shares and/or ADSs may be materially and adversely affected.

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Furthermore, theour amended and restated articles of association permit theour directors to vary all or any of the rights attaching to any class of shares in issue without the consent of the shareholdershareholders but only if such variation is considered by the directors not to have a material adverse effect upon such holder. The directors cannot vary the rights of shares if such variation would have a material adverse effect of the holder.holders. The amended and restated articles of association provide that the holders must consent to any such material adverse changes in the manner set out therein.

Because our directors are divided into three classes with staggered terms of three years each, shareholders can only elect or remove a limited number of our directors in any given year. The length of these terms could present an obstacle to certain actions, such as a merger or other change of control, which could be in the interest of our shareholders.

Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association designate specific courts as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by our shareholders, which could limit our shareholders' ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees.
Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the courts of Cayman Islands will be the sole and exclusive forum for any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of us, any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or
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other employee of us to us or our shareholders, any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Companies Law of the Cayman Islands as amended from time to time, or the amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, or any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine (as such concept is recognized under the U.S. laws). Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association further state that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States shall be the sole and exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and provide that any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any of our securities is deemed to have notice of and consented to these provisions; provided, however, that shareholders cannot and will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with U.S. federal securities laws and rules and regulations thereunder.
These provisions may limit a shareholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits. Alternatively, if a court were to find these provisions of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association inapplicable to, or unenforceable in respect of, one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions.
Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that any shareholder bringing an unsuccessful action against us may be obligated to reimburse us for any costs we have incurred in connection with such unsuccessful action.

Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that under certain circumstances the fees, costs, and expenses that we incur in connection with actions or proceedings brought by any person or entity, which we refer to as claiming parties, may be shifted to such person or entity. If a claiming party asserts any claim; initiates any proceeding; or joins, offers substantial assistance to, or has a direct financial interest in any claim or proceeding against us, (including any proceeding purportedly filed on behalf of us or any shareholder), and such claiming party (oror the third party that received substantial assistance from athe claiming party or in whosewhole claim or proceeding suchthe claiming party hashad a direct financial interest)interest is unsuccessful in obtaining a judgment on the merits in which the claiming party prevails, then such claiming party may, toshall (to the fullest extent permissiblepermitted by law,law) be obligated jointly and severally to reimburse us for all fees, costs, and expenses, including but not limited to all reasonable attorneys’ fees and other litigation expenses, that we may incur in connection with such claim suit, action, or proceeding.

Fee-shifting articles are relatively new and untested in both the Cayman Islands, and the United States.States, Hong Kong and mainland China. The case law and potential legislative action on fee-shifting articles are evolving and there exists considerable uncertainty regarding the validity of, and potential judicial and legislative responses to, such articles. For example, it is unclear whether our ability to invokeThe application of our fee-shifting article in connection with claims under the federalCayman Islands, the United States, Hong Kong or Chinese securities laws, including claims related to any of our public offerings, would be preempted by federal law. Similarly, it is unclear how courts might apply the standard that a claiming party must obtain a judgment that substantially achieves, in substance and amount, the full remedy sought. The application of our fee-shifting article in connection with such claims, if any, will depend in part on future developments of the law. We cannot assure you that we will or will not invoke our fee-shifting article in any particular dispute, including any claims related to our public offerings.dispute. Consistent with our directors’ fiduciary duties to act in the best interests of the company,Company, the directors may in their sole discretion from time to time decide whether or not to enforce this article. In addition, given the unsettled state of the law related to fee-shifting articles, such as ours, we may incur significant additional costs associated with resolving disputes with respect to such articles, which could adversely affect our business and financial condition.

If a shareholder that brings any such claim suit, action or proceeding is unable to obtain the judgment sought, the attorneys’ fees and other litigation expenses that might be shifted to a claiming party are potentiallymay be significant. This fee-shifting article, therefore, may dissuade or discourage current or former shareholders (and their attorneys) from initiating lawsuits or claims against us. In addition, it may impact the fees, contingency or otherwise, required by potential plaintiffs’ attorneys to represent our shareholders or otherwise discourage plaintiffs’ attorneys from representing our shareholders at all. As a result, this article may limit the ability of shareholders to affect the management and direction of our company, particularly through litigation or the threat of litigation.

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The depositary for the ADSs will give us a discretionary proxy to vote our ordinary shares underlying your ADSs if you do not vote at shareholders’ meetings, except in limited circumstances, which could adversely affect your interests.

Under the deposit agreement, as amended, for the ADSs, the depositary will give us a discretionary proxy to vote our ordinary shares underlying your ADSs at shareholders’ meetings if you do not give voting instructions to the depositary, unless:

·

we have failed to timely provide the depositary with our notice of meeting and related voting materials;

·

we have instructed the depositary that we do not wish a discretionary proxy to be given;

·

we have informed the depositary that there is substantial opposition as to a matter to be voted on at the meeting; or

·

a matter to be voted on at the meeting would have a material adverse impact on shareholders.

The effect of this discretionary proxy is that, if you fail to give voting instructions to the depositary, you cannot prevent our ordinary shares underlying your ADSs from being voted, absent the situations described above, and it may make it more difficult for shareholders to influence our management. Holders of our ordinary shares are not subject to this discretionary proxy.

Holders of the ADSs may be subject to limitations on transfer of their ADSs.

Your

ADSs are transferable only on the books of the depositary. However, the depositary may close its books at any time or from time to time when it deems expedient in connection with the performance of its duties. The depositary may refuse to deliver, transfer or register transfers of your ADSs generally when our books or the books of the depositary are closed, or at any time if we or the depositary think it is advisable to do so because of any requirement of law, government or governmental body, or under any provision of the deposit agreement, as amended, or for any other reason, subject to yourADS holders' right to cancel yourtheir ADSs and withdraw the underlying ordinary shares. Temporary delays in the cancellation of your ADSs and withdrawal of the underlying commonordinary shares may arise because the depositary has closed its transfer books or we have closed our transfer books, the transfer of ordinary shares is blocked to permit voting at a shareholders’ meeting or we are paying a dividend on our ordinary shares.

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In addition, youholders of ADSs may not be able to cancel yourtheir ADSs and withdraw the underlying ordinary shares when youthey owe money for fees, taxes and similar charges and when it is necessary to prohibit withdrawals in order to comply with any laws or governmental regulations that apply to ADSs or to the withdrawal of ordinary shares or other deposited securities.

The depositary for the ADSs is entitled to charge holders fees for various services, including annual service fees.

The depositary for the ADSs is entitled to charge holders fees for various services, including for the issuance of ADSs upon deposit of ordinary shares, cancellation of ADSs, distributions of cash dividends or other cash distributions, distributions of ADSs pursuant to share dividends or other free share distributions, distributions of securities other than ADSs, and annual service fees. In the case of ADSs issued by the depositary into The Depository Trust Company or DTC,(“DTC”), the fees will be charged by the DTC participant to the account of the applicable beneficial owner in accordance with the procedures and practices of the DTC participant as in effect at the time.

You

Dealings in ordinary shares registered in our Hong Kong register of members will be subject to Hong Kong stamp duty. There is uncertainty as to whether Hong Kong stamp duty will apply to the trading or conversion of the ADSs.
In connection with our Hong Kong public offering in 2018, we established a branch register of members in Hong Kong (the “Hong Kong share register”). Our ordinary shares that are traded on the HKEx, including those that may be converted from ADSs, are registered on the Hong Kong share register, and the trading of these ordinary shares on the HKEx are subject to Hong Kong stamp duty. To facilitate ADS to ordinary share conversion and trading between the Nasdaq and the HKEx, we moved a portion of our issued ordinary shares from our Cayman share register to our Hong Kong share register.
Under the Hong Kong Stamp Duty Ordinance, any person who effects a sale or purchase of Hong Kong stock, defined as stock the transfer of which is required to be registered in Hong Kong, is required to pay Hong Kong stamp duty. The stamp duty is currently set at a total rate of 0.2% of the greater of the consideration for, or the value of, shares transferred, with 0.1% payable by each of the buyer and the seller.
To the best of our knowledge, Hong Kong stamp duty has not been levied in practice on the trading or conversion of ADSs of companies that are listed in both the United States and Hong Kong and that have maintained all or a portion of their ordinary shares, including ordinary shares underlying ADSs, in their Hong Kong share registers. However, it is unclear whether, as a matter of Hong Kong law, the trading or conversion of ADSs of these dual-listed companies constitutes a sale or purchase of the underlying Hong Kong registered ordinary shares that is subject to Hong Kong stamp duty. We advise investors to consult their own tax advisors on this matter. If Hong Kong stamp duty is determined by the competent authority to apply to the trading or conversion of the ADSs, the trading price and the value of your investment in our ADSs or ordinary shares may be affected.
Holders of ADSs may not receive distributions on our ordinary shares or any value for them if it is illegal or impractical to make them available to you.

available.

The depositary of the ADSs has agreed to pay youADS holders the cash dividends or other distributions it or the custodian for the ADSs receives on our ordinary shares or other deposited securities after deducting its fees and expenses. YouADS holders will

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receive these distributions in proportion to the number of our ordinary shares that yourtheir ADSs represent. However, the depositary is not responsible for making such payments or distributions if it is unlawful or impractical to make a distribution available to any holders of ADSs. For example, it would be unlawful to make a distribution to a holder of ADSs if it consists of securities that require registration under the Securities Act, but that are not properly registered or distributed pursuant to an applicable exemption from registration. The depositary is not responsible for making a distribution available to any holders of ADSs if any government approval or registration required for such distribution cannot be obtained after reasonable efforts made by the depositary. We have no obligation to take any other action to permit the distribution of the ADSs, ordinary shares, rights or anything else to holders of the ADSs. This means that youholders of ADSs may not receive the distributions we make on our ordinary shares or any value for them if it is illegal or impractical for us to make them available to you.such holders. These restrictions may materially reduce the value of yourour ADSs.

Holders of the ADSs may not be able to participate in rights offerings and may experience dilution of their holdings.

From time to time, we may distribute rights to our shareholders, including rights to acquire securities. Under the deposit agreement, the depositary will not distribute rights to holders of ADSs unless the distribution and sale of rights and the securities to which these rights relate are either exempt from registration under the Securities Act with respect to all holders of ADSs or are registered under the provisions of the Securities Act. The depositary may, but is not required to, attempt to sell these undistributed rights to third parties and may allow the rights to lapse. We may be unable to establish an exemption from registration under the Securities Act, and we are under no obligation to file a registration statement with respect to these rights or underlying securities or to try to have a registration statement declared effective. Accordingly, holders of ADSs may be unable to participate in our rights offerings and may experience dilution of their holdings as a result.

*

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Our corporate actions are substantially controlled by our directors, executive officers and other principal shareholders, who can exert significant influence over important corporate matters, which may reduce the price of theour ordinary shares, ADSs, and/or RMB Shares and deprive youshareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for your ADSs.

their ordinary shares, ADSs, and/or RMB Shares.

Our directors, executive officers and principal shareholders beneficially owned approximately 66.7%54% of our outstanding ordinary shares as of November 1, 2017.2023. These shareholders, if acting together, could exert substantial influence over matters such as electing directors and approving material mergers, acquisitions or other business combination transactions. This concentration of ownership may also discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company, which could have the dual effect of depriving our shareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their shares as part of a sale of our company and reducing the price of the ADSs.our ordinary shares, ADSs, and/or RMB Shares. These actions may be taken even if they are opposed by our other shareholders, including the holders of the ADSs.shareholders. In addition, these persons could divert business opportunities away from us to themselves or others.

*We have incurred increased costs as a result of operating as a public company, and our management will be required to devote substantial time to new compliance initiatives and corporate governance practices.

As a public company, we have incurred and will continue to incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. For example, as a public company, we are now subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, which requires, among other things, that we file with the SEC annual, quarterly and current reports with respect to our business and financial condition. We have incurred and will continue to incur costs associated with the preparation and filing of these reports. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the listing requirements of the NASDAQ Stock Market and other applicable securities rules and regulations impose various requirements on public companies, including establishment and maintenance of effective disclosure and financial controls and corporate governance practices. Our management and other personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of time to these compliance initiatives. Moreover, these rules and regulations will increase our legal and financial compliance costs and will make some activities more time-consuming and costly. For example, we expect that these rules and regulations may make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, which in turn could make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our board of directors.

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We continue to evaluate these rules and regulations, and cannot predict or estimate the amount of additional costs we may incur or the timing of such costs. These rules and regulations are often subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices.

Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or Section 404, we were first required to furnish a report by our management on our internal control over financial reporting for the year ending December 31, 2016. Because we remain an emerging growth company, we are not currently required to include an attestation report on internal control over financial reporting issued by our independent registered public accounting firm. However, we will no longer qualify as an emerging growth company as of December 31, 2017, and will be required to include an attestation report on internal control over financial reporting issued by our independent registered public accounting firm after such date.

To achieve compliance with Section 404 within the prescribed period, we will continue to be engaged in a process to document and evaluate our internal control over financial reporting, which is both costly and challenging. In this regard, we will need to continue to dedicate internal resources, potentially engage outside consultants and adopt a detailed work plan to assess and document the adequacy of internal control over financial reporting, continue steps to improve control processes as appropriate, validate through testing that controls are functioning as documented and implement a continuous reporting and improvement process for internal control over financial reporting. Despite our efforts, there is a risk that we will not be able to conclude, within the prescribed timeframe or at all, that our internal control over financial reporting is effective as required by Section 404. If we identify one or more material weaknesses, it could result in an adverse reaction in the financial markets due to a loss of confidence in the reliability of our financial statements.

*We determined that we were a “passive foreign investment company” in 2016 and we may be a passive foreign investment company in future taxable years, which may have adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences for U.S. shareholders.

U.S. investors should

A non-U.S. corporation will be aware thatclassified as a “passive foreign investment company” (“PFIC”) for any taxable year if either (1) 75% or more of its gross income consists of certain types of passive income or (2) 50% or more of the average quarterly value of its assets during such year produce or are held for the production of passive income. Based upon the composition of our income and assets, we determinedbelieve that we were a passive foreign investment company, within the meaning of Section 1297 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or PFIC, for 2016. Given that the transactions with Celgene closed during the third quarter of 2017, we do not expect to be a PFIC for 2017. However, asthe taxable year ended December 31, 2022. Nevertheless, because our PFIC status must be determined annually with respect to each taxable year and will depend on the composition and character of our assets and income, including our use of proceeds from any equity offerings, and the value of our assets (which may be determined, in part, by reference to the market value of our ADSs and ordinary shares, which may be volatile) over the course of such taxable year, we may be a PFIC in any taxable year. The determination of whether we will be or become a PFIC may also depend, in part, on how, and how quickly, we use our liquid assets and the cash raised in equity offerings. If we determine not to deploy significant amounts of cash for active purposes, our risk of being a PFIC may substantially increase. Because there are uncertainties in the application of the relevant rules and PFIC status is a factual determination made annually after the close of each taxable year, there can be no assurance that we will not be a PFIC for the current taxable year or any future taxable year. In addition, it is possible that the Internal Revenue Service may challenge our classification of certain income and assets as non-passive, which may result in our being or becoming a PFIC in the current or subsequent years.
If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during a U.S. shareholder’s holding period of the ADSs or ordinary shares or ADSs, then regardless of whether we cease to meet the threshold requirements for PFIC status, such U.S. shareholder generally will be required to treat anymay incur significantly increased United States income tax on gain realized upon arecognized on the sale or other disposition of the ADSs or ordinary shares or anyADSs and on the receipt of distributions on the ordinary shares or ADSs to the extent such distribution is treated as an “excess distribution” received onunder the ADSs or ordinary shares, as ordinaryUnited States federal income earned over the U.S. shareholder’s holding period for the ADSs or ordinary shares, and to pay the applicable taxes on such ordinary income along with an interest charge at the rate applicable to underpayments of tax on a portion of the resulting tax liability, unless the shareholder makes a timely and effective “qualified electing fund” election, or QEF election, or “mark-to-market” election with respect to the ADSs or ordinary shares.rules. In addition, the U.S. shareholder wouldsuch holders may be subject to the same adverseburdensome reporting requirements.
Further, if we are classified as a PFIC for any year during which a U.S. federal income tax consequences on (i) certain distributions by any ofshareholder holds our subsidiariesordinary shares or ADSs, we generally will continue to be treated as PFICs (“lower-tier PFICs”), and (ii) a disposition of sharers of a lower-tier PFIC in each case as if thefor all succeeding years during which such U.S. shareholder owned the shares of the relevant lower-tier PFIC directly, even though the U.S. shareholder has not received the proceeds of those distributions or dispositions. A U.S. shareholder who makes an effective QEF election generally must report on a current basis its share of our net capital gain and ordinary earnings for any taxable year in which we are a PFIC, whether or not we distribute any amounts to our shareholders. If a QEF election is not in effect for the first taxable year in your holding period in which we are a PFIC, a QEF election can only be made if you elect to recognize gain as if you had sold the ADSs orholds such ordinary shares for their fair market value on the first day of your taxable year in which the PFIC becomes a QEF pursuant to the QEF election. The gain recognized on this deemed sale would be subject to the general tax treatment of PFICs discussed above. We have posted on our website the information necessary for U.S. investors to make a QEF election for 2016.  We intend to determine our PFIC status at the end of each taxable year and to satisfy any

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applicable record keeping and reporting requirements that apply to a QEF, and will endeavor to provide to you, for each taxable year that we determine we are or may be a PFIC, the information that is necessary for you to make a QEF election with respect to us (and any of our subsidiaries which are lower-tier PFICs). We may elect to provide such information on our website. However, there can be no assurances that we will make the necessary information available to you. You are urged to consult your own tax advisors regarding the availability and advisability of, and procedure for making, a QEF election. A U.S. shareholder who makes an effective mark-to-market election generally must include as ordinary income any gain recognized in a year that we are a PFIC in an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of the ADSs over the shareholder’s adjusted tax basis therein.ADSs. Each U.S. shareholder should consult its own tax advisorsadvisor regarding the PFIC rules and the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of the ADSs or ordinary shares.

shares and ADSs.

If you are a “Ten Percent Shareholder,” you may be subject to adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences if we are classified as a Controlled Foreign Corporation.

Each “Ten Percent Shareholder” (as defined below) in a non-U.S. corporation that is classified as a “controlled foreign corporation,” or a CFC,corporation” (“CFC”), for U.S. federal income tax purposes is generally is required to include in income for U.S. federal tax purposes such Ten Percent Shareholder’s pro rata share of the “CFC’s”CFC’s “Subpart F income” and investment of earnings in U.S. property, even if the CFC has made no distributions to its shareholders. Each Ten Percent Shareholder is also required to include in gross income its “global intangible low-taxed income,” which is determined by reference to the income of CFCs of which such Ten Percent Shareholder is a Ten Percent Shareholder. Ten Percent Shareholders that are corporations may be entitled to a deduction equal to the foreign portion of any dividend when a dividend is paid. A non-U.S. corporation will generally will be classified as a CFC for U.SU.S. federal income tax purposes if Ten Percent Shareholders own in the aggregate, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of either the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of such corporation entitled to vote or of the total value of the stock of such corporation. A “Ten Percent Shareholder” is a U.S. person (as defined by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended), who owns or is considered to own 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote of such corporation or 10% of the value of all classes of stock of such corporation. The determination of CFC status is complex and includes attribution rules, the application of which is not entirely certain. We may currently be
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Although we believe we are not a CFC and/ornow, we may become one or own interests in one in the future. Holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to our potential CFC status and the consequences thereof.

We may be subject to adverse legislative or regulatory tax changes that could negatively affect our financial condition.

The rules dealing with U.S. federal, state and local income taxation are constantly under review by persons involved in the legislative process and by the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department. Changes to tax laws (which changes may have retroactive application) could adversely affect our stockholders or us. In recent years, many changes have been made and changes are likely to continue to be made in the future. We cannot predict whether, when, in what form, or with what effective dates, tax laws, regulations and rulings may be enacted, promulgated or decided that could result in an increase in our, or our stockholders’, tax liability or require changes in the manner in which we operate in order to minimize increases in our tax liability.

*Failure to comply with NASDAQ Marketplace Rules could materially and adversely affect our business.

We currently have two members on our Audit Committee and one vacancy. In accordance with NASDAQ Marketplace Rule 505(c)(2)(A), we are required to maintain an audit committee composed of at least three members who meet certain eligibility criteria in order to remain listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market. Under NASDAQ rules, we have a cure period which extends until the earlier of (1) our next annual general meeting of shareholders or (2) June 1, 2018 to regain compliance, or, if the next annual general meeting of shareholders is held no later than November 28, 2017, then we must regain compliance no later than November 28, 2017. We intend to appoint an additional independent director to the Audit Committee prior to the end of the cure period. In the event that we were delisted from the NASDAQ Global Select Market, our ADSs would become significantly less liquid, which would adversely affect their value. Although our ADSs would likely be traded over-the-counter or on pink sheets, these types of listings involve more risk and trade less frequently and in smaller volumes than securities traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market.

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Item 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, and Use of Proceeds.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

We did not sell any of our ordinary shares or ADSs, or grant any share options or other equity awards, during the three months ended September 30, 2017 that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, except as follows:

On August 31, 2017, we sold 32,746,416 ordinary shares to Celgene Switzerland LLC, or Celgene Switzerland, for an aggregate cash price of $150 million, or $4.58 per ordinary share, or $59.55 per ADS, pursuant to Share Subscription Agreement dated July 5, 2017 by and between BeiGene and Celgene Switzerland, or the Share Subscription Agreement. The offer and sale of the shares issued pursuant to the Share Subscription Agreement was made in a private placement in reliance upon the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act, for transactions by an issuer not involving a public offering, and/or Regulation D under the Securities Act. All certificates evidencing the shares will bear a standard restrictive legend under the Securities Act.

Use of Proceeds from Salesand Issuer Purchases of Registered Securities

On February 8, 2016, we closed the sale of 7,590,000 ADSs to the public at an initial public offering price of $24.00 per ADS, including the exercise in full by the underwriters of their option to purchase additional ADSs. The ordinary shares in the form of ADSs in our initial public offering were registered under the Securities Act pursuant to a registration statements on Form S‑1 (File No. 333‑207459), which was filed with the SEC on October 16, 2015 and amended subsequently and declared effective on February 2, 2016. Following the sale of the ADSs in connection with the closing of our initial public offering, the offering terminated. The offering did not terminate before all the securities registered in the registration statements were sold. The underwriters of the offering were Goldman, Sachs & Co., Morgan Stanley, and Cowen and Company acting as joint book-running managers for the offering and as representatives of the underwriters. Baird acted as co-manager for the offering.

We raised $166.2 million in net proceeds after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses of approximately $16.0 million. No offering expenses were paid directly or indirectly to any of our directors or officers (or their associates) or persons owning ten percent or more of any class of our equity securities or to any other affiliates.

As of September 30, 2017, we have used all of the net proceeds from our initial public offering to fund the costs of ongoing clinical development for our clinical drug candidates, BGB‑3111, BGB-A317, BGB‑290 and BGB‑283, and preclinical drug candidates, as well as for working capital, capital expenditures and general corporate purposes. Prior to their use, we invested a significant portion of the balance of the net proceeds from our initial public offering in short-term, interest-bearing investment-grade securities and government securities in accordance with our investment policy. Our use of the net offering proceeds was consistent with the use of proceeds described in our final prospectus filed with the SEC on February 3, 2016 pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, and there has been no material change in our planned use of the balance of the net proceeds from the offerings described in such prospectus.

Equity Securities.
None.

Item 3.  Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5.  Other Information.

Not applicable.

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(c)

There were no trading arrangements for the purchase or sale of our securities entered into, modified or terminated by our directors or officers during the quarterly period covered by this report.

Item 6.  Exhibits.

See the Exhibit Index on the page immediately following the signature page to this Quarterly Reportbelow for a list of the exhibits filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report, which Exhibit Index is incorporated herein by reference.

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103


EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit

 

 

 

Incorporated by Reference

 

Filed 

Number

    

Exhibit Description

    

Form

    

Date

    

Number

    

Herewith

3.1

 

Fourth Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant, as currently in effect

 

8-K

 

02/11/2016

 

3.1

 

 

4.1

 

Deposit Agreement dated February 5, 2016 by and among the Registrant, the Depositary and holders of the American Depositary Receipts

 

8-K

 

02/11/2016

 

4.1

 

 

4.2

 

Amendment No. 1 to Deposit Agreement, dated April 11, 2016, by and among the Registrant, Citibank, N.A. and holders of the American Depositary Receipts

 

8-K

 

04/11/2016

 

4.1

 

 

4.3

 

Form of American Depositary Receipt (included in Exhibit 4.2)

 

8-K

 

04/11/2016

 

4.2

 

 

4.4

 

Specimen Certificate for Ordinary Shares

 

S-1

 

12/09/2015

 

4.3

 

 

4.5

 

Second Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement, dated as of April 21, 2015, by and among the Registrant and certain shareholders named therein

 

S-1

 

10/16/2015

 

4.4

 

 

4.6

 

Amendment No. 1 to Second Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement, dated January 26, 2016, by and among the Registrant and certain shareholders named therein

 

S-1

 

01/27/2016

 

10.21

 

 

4.7

 

Letter Agreement, dated as of July 11, 2016, between the Registrant and Citibank, N.A.

 

10-Q

 

08/10/2016

 

4.7

 

 

4.8

 

Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of November 16, 2016, by and among the Registrant and the investors name therein

 

8-K

 

08/10/2016

 

4.1

 

 

4.9

 

Form of Letter Agreement, between the Registrant and Citibank, N.A.

 

10-Q 

 

 05/10/2017

 

4.9

 

 

10.1

 

Share Subscription Agreement, dated July 5, 2017, by and between Celgene Switzerland LLC and the Registrant

 

8‑K

 

07/06/2017

 

10.1

 

 

10.2#

 

Amended and Restated Exclusive License and Collaboration Agreement, dated August 31, 2017, by and among the Registrant, Celgene Corporation and Celgene Switzerland LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

X

10.3#

 

License and Supply Agreement, dated July 5, 2017, by and between the Registrant and Celgene Logistics Sàrl

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

X

10.4†

 

Amendment No. 1 to BeiGene, Ltd. 2016 Share Option and Incentive Plan

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

X

10.5†

 

Forms of Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement and Share Option Agreement under BeiGene, Ltd. 2016 Share Option and Incentive Plan

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

X

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31.1

Exhibit No.Exhibit DescriptionFiled/Furnished HerewithIncorporated by Reference Herein from Form or ScheduleFiling DateSEC File / Reg. Number
10.1#X
10.2#X
31.1

X

X

31.2

X

X

*32.1

32.1*

X

X

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101.INS

XBRL Instance Document - The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document

The following materials from Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, formatted

101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema DocumentX
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase DocumentX
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase DocumentX
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase DocumentX
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase DocumentX
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL with applicable taxonomy extension information contained in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) includes: (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations; (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss); (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (v) Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Exhibits 101.*)

X

X


†Indicates a management contract or any compensatory plan, contract or arrangement.

#Confidential treatment has been requested for

# Certain portions of this exhibit. These portionsthe exhibit have been omitted from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Qby means of redacting a portion of the text and filed separatelyreplacing it with “[…***…]”, because they are both (i) not material and (ii) the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

type of information that the Registrant treats as private or confidential.

*Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

BEIGENE, LTD.

Date: November 13, 2017

9, 2023

By:

/s/ John V. Oyler

John V. Oyler

Chief Executive Officer and Chairman

(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: November 13, 2017

9, 2023

By:

/s/ Howard Liang

Julia Wang

Howard Liang

Julia Wang

Chief Financial Officer and Chief Strategy Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)


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