UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

~~FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED~~For the quarterly period ended ~~SEPTEMBER~~September 30, ~~2019~~2020


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

~~COMMISSION FILE NUMBER~~Commission File Number 1-13397

Ingredion Incorporated

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

DE~~LAWARE~~Delaware

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

22-3514823

(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

5 ~~WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER~~Westbrook Corporate Center

~~WESTCHESTER~~Westchester, IL~~LINOIS~~Illinois

60154

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(708) 551-2600

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

~~(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)~~

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.01 par value per share	INGR	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.




Large accelerated filer ☒		Accelerated filer ☐

Non-accelerated filer ☐		Smaller reporting company ☐

		Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.


~~CLASS~~Class		~~OUTSTANDING AT OCTOBER~~Outstanding at October 31, ~~2019~~2020
Common Stock, $.01 par value		~~66,763,991~~66,990,288 shares

~~PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION~~Table of Contents

~~ITEM 1~~

~~FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

Ingredion Incorporated (“Ingredion”)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended				Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,				September 30,				September 30,
(in millions, except per share amounts)	2019		2018		2019		2018		2020		2019		2020		2019
Net sales before shipping and handling costs	$	1,574	$	1,563	$	4,660	$	4,752
Less: shipping and handling costs		117		113		349		337
Net sales		1,457		1,450		4,311		4,415	$	1,502	$	1,574	$	4,394	$	4,660
Cost of sales		1,113		1,116		3,322		3,367		1,176		1,230		3,474		3,671
Gross profit		344		334		989		1,048		326		344		920		989

Operating expenses		153		148		457		465		155		153		456		457
Other income, net		(2)		(3)		(3)		(7)
Other expense (income), net										2		(2)		4		(3)
Restructuring/impairment charges		28		34		41		45		16		28		41		41

Operating income		165		155		494		545		153		165		419		494

Financing costs, net		24		24		62		65		22		24		59		62
Other, non-operating expense (income), net		1		(1)		1		(3)
Other, non-operating (income) expense, net										(2)		1		(3)		1

Income before income taxes		140		132		431		483		133		140		363		431
Provision for income taxes		38		34		120		126		40		38		125		120
Net income		102		98		311		357		93		102		238		311
Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests		3		3		7		8		1		3		5		7
Net income attributable to Ingredion	$	99	$	95	$	304	$	349	$	92	$	99	$	233	$	304

Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic		66.9		71.2		66.9		71.8		67.2		66.9		67.2		66.9
Diluted		67.4		71.9		67.4		72.7		67.6		67.4		67.6		67.4

Earnings per common share of Ingredion:
Basic	$	1.48	$	1.33	$	4.54	$	4.86	$	1.37	$	1.48	$	3.47	$	4.54
Diluted	$	1.47	$	1.32	$	4.51	$	4.80	$	1.36	$	1.47	$	3.45	$	4.51

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

~~PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION~~

Table of Contents

~~ITEM 1~~

~~FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

Ingredion Incorporated (“Ingredion”)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended				Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,				September 30,				September 30,
(in millions)	2019		2018		2019		2018		2020		2019		2020		2019
Net income	$	102	$	98	$	311	$	357	$	93	$	102	$	238	$	311
Other comprehensive income:
Losses on cash flow hedges, net of income tax effect of $4, $ —, $4 and $ —, respectively		(13)		(2)		(12)		(1)
(Gains) losses on cash flow hedges reclassified to earnings, net of income tax effect of $ —, $ —, $1 and $1, respectively		(3)		2		2		4
Gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, net of income tax effect of $4, $4, $12 and $4, respectively										12		(13)		(38)		(12)
Losses (gains) on cash flow hedges reclassified to earnings, net of income tax effect of $8, $ — , $14 and $1, respectively										23		(3)		42		2
Actuarial losses on pension and other postretirement obligations, settlements and plan amendments, net of income tax effect of $ —		(1)		—		(2)		(1)		—		(1)		—		(2)
Unrealized gains on investments, net of income tax effect of $ —		—		(1)		—		—
Currency translation adjustment		(45)		(17)		(48)		(113)		13		(45)		(105)		(48)
Comprehensive income		40		80		251		246		141		40		137		251
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests		5		3		5		4		3		5		5		5
Comprehensive income attributable to Ingredion	$	35	$	77	$	246	$	242	$	138	$	35	$	132	$	246

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

~~PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION~~Table of Contents

~~ITEM 1~~

~~FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

Ingredion Incorporated (“Ingredion”)

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets


	September 30,		December 31,		September 30,		December 31,
(in millions, except share and per share amounts)	2019		2018		2020		2019
	(Unaudited)				(Unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	443	$	327	$	553	$	264
Short-term investments		3		7		—		4
Accounts receivable, net		981		951		913		977
Inventories		879		824		908		861
Prepaid expenses		36		29		56		54
Total current assets		2,342		2,138		2,430		2,160

Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $3,016 and $2,915, respectively		2,226		2,198

Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $3,087 and $3,056, respectively						2,354		2,306
Goodwill		795		791		841		801
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $188 and $167, respectively		442		460
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $220 and $197, respectively						479		437
Operating lease assets		132		—		161		151
Deferred income tax assets		11		10		23		13
Other assets		147		131		176		172
Total assets	$	6,095	$	5,728	$	6,464	$	6,040

Liabilities and equity
Current liabilities:
Short-term borrowings	$	81	$	169	$	62	$	82
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		876		777		893		885
Total current liabilities		957		946		955		967

Non-current liabilities		210		217		211		220
Long-term debt		2,001		1,931		2,115		1,766
Non-current operating lease liabilities		102		—		123		120
Deferred income tax liabilities		185		189		189		195
Total liabilities						3,593		3,268

Share-based payments subject to redemption		28		37		32		31
Redeemable non-controlling interests						74		—

Ingredion stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock — authorized 25,000,000 shares — $0.01 par value, NaN issued		—		—		—		—
Common stock — authorized 200,000,000 shares — $0.01 par value, 77,810,875 issued at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively		1		1
Common stock — authorized 200,000,000 shares — $0.01 par value, 77,810,875 issued at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively						1		1
Additional paid-in capital		1,137		1,096		1,145		1,137
Less: Treasury stock (common stock: 11,052,615 and 11,284,681 shares at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) at cost		(1,044)		(1,091)
Less: Treasury stock (common stock: 10,822,592 and 10,993,388 shares at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) at cost						(1,027)		(1,040)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(1,214)		(1,154)		(1,259)		(1,158)
Retained earnings		3,713		3,536		3,884		3,780
Total Ingredion stockholders’ equity		2,593		2,388		2,744		2,720
Non-controlling interests		19		20
Non-redeemable non-controlling interests						21		21
Total equity		2,612		2,408		2,765		2,741
Total liabilities and equity	$	6,095	$	5,728	$	6,464	$	6,040

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

~~PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION~~Table of Contents

~~ITEM 1~~

~~FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

Ingredion Incorporated (“Ingredion”)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity and Redeemable Equity

(Unaudited)


	Total Equity
													Non-
													Redeemable		Share-based		Redeemable
					Additional				Accumulated Other				Non-		Payments		Non-
	Preferred		Common		Paid-In		Treasury		Comprehensive		Retained		Controlling		Subject to		Controlling
(in millions)	Stock		Stock		Capital		Stock		Loss		Earnings		Interests		Redemption		Interests
Balance, December 31, 2019	$	—	$	1	$	1,137	$	(1,040)	$	(1,158)	$	3,780	$	21	$	31	$	—
Net income attributable to Ingredion												233
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests														7				(2)
Dividends declared												(129)		(5)
Share-based compensation, net of issuance						8		13								1
Acquisition of redeemable non-controlling interests																		74
Other comprehensive (loss) income										(101)				(2)				2
Balance, September 30, 2020	$	—	$	1	$	1,145	$	(1,027)	$	(1,259)	$	3,884	$	21	$	32	$	74


	Total Equity
													Non-
													Redeemable		Share-based		Redeemable
					Additional				Accumulated Other				Non-		Payments		Non-
	Preferred		Common		Paid-In		Treasury		Comprehensive		Retained		Controlling		Subject to		Controlling
(in millions)	Stock		Stock		Capital		Stock		Loss		Earnings		Interests		Redemption		Interests
Balance, December 31, 2018	$	—	$	1	$	1,096	$	(1,091)	$	(1,154)	$	3,536	$	20	$	37	$	—
Net income attributable to Ingredion												304
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests														7
Dividends declared												(127)		(6)
Repurchases of common stock						32		31
Share-based compensation, net of issuance						9		16								(9)
Other comprehensive income (loss)										(60)				(2)
Balance, September 30, 2019	$	—	$	1	$	1,137	$	(1,044)	$	(1,214)	$	3,713	$	19	$	28	$	—

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

~~PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION~~

Table of Contents

~~ITEM 1~~

~~FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

Ingredion Incorporated (“Ingredion”)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

(in millions)

2019

2018

Cash provided by operating activities

Net income

$
311

$
357

Non-cash charges to net income:

Depreciation and amortization

158

188

Mechanical stores expense

42

43

Deferred income taxes

2

(20)

Other

21

33

Changes in working capital:

Accounts receivable and prepaid expenses

(56)

14

Inventories

(71)

(73)

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

76

(1)

Margin accounts

(4)

6

Other

11

32

Cash provided by operating activities

490

579

Cash used for investing activities

Capital expenditures and mechanical stores purchases

(231)

(234)

Payments for acquisitions, net of cash acquired of $ 4 and $ — , respectively

(42)

—

Investment in a non-consolidated affiliate

(10)

—

Short-term investments

4

2

Other

1

2

Cash used for investing activities

(278)

(230)

Cash used for financing activities

Proceeds from borrowings

839

272

Payments on debt

(858)

(453)

Repurchases of common stock, net

63

(177)

Issuances of common stock for share-based compensation, net of settlements

1

(2)

Dividends paid, including to non-controlling interests


(131)


(137)

Cash used for financing activities

(86)

(497)

Effects of foreign exchange rate changes on cash

(10)

(16)

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

116

(164)

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

327

595

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

$
443

$
431


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
(in millions)	2020		2019
Cash provided by operating activities
Net income	$	238	$	311
Non-cash charges to net income:
Depreciation and amortization		158		158
Mechanical stores expense		39		42
Deferred income taxes		(1)		2
Charge for fair value markup of acquired inventory		3		—
Other		46		21
Changes in working capital:
Accounts receivable and prepaid expenses		36		(56)
Inventories		(10)		(71)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		54		76
Margin accounts		6		(4)
Other		(7)		11
Cash provided by operating activities		562		490

Cash used for investing activities
Capital expenditures and mechanical stores purchases, net of proceeds on disposals		(250)		(231)
Payments for acquisitions, net of cash acquired of $14 and $4, respectively		(208)		(42)
Investment in non-consolidated affiliates		(6)		(10)
Short-term investments		4		4
Other		—		1
Cash used for investing activities		(460)		(278)

Cash provided by (used for) financing activities
Proceeds from borrowings		1,527		839
Payments on debt		(1,186)		(858)
Payments for debt issuance costs		(9)		—
Repurchases of common stock, net		—		63
Issuances of common stock for share-based compensation, net of settlements		2		1
Dividends paid, including to non-controlling interests		(132)		(131)
Cash provided by (used for) financing activities		202		(86)

Effects of foreign exchange rate changes on cash		(15)		(10)

Increase in cash and cash equivalents		289		116

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		264		327

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	553	$	443

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Table of Contents

INGREDION INCORPORATED (“Ingredion”)

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Interim Financial Statements

References to the “Company” are to Ingredion Incorporated (“Ingredion”) and its consolidated subsidiaries. These statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes to those statements contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018.~~2019.

The unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as of September 30, ~~2019~~2020 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019 included herein were prepared by management on the same basis as the Company’s audited Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, ~~2018~~2019 and reflect all adjustments (consisting solely of normal recurring items unless otherwise noted) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair presentation of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity and Redeemable Equity, and Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The results for the interim ~~periods~~period are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full ~~years.~~year or any other future period.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Standards and Policies

For detailed information about the Company’s significant accounting standards, ~~please refer to~~see Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018.~~2019. Except for the ~~items listed~~matters discussed below, there have been no other material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies for the ~~three and~~ nine months ended September 30, ~~2019.~~2020.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

ASU No. ~~2016-02, Leases~~2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic ~~842)~~350)

In ~~February 2016,~~January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. This ASU ~~No. 2016-02,~~ ~~Leases (Topic 842),~~simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill as this ASU eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Under this ASU, an entity will continue to perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test to determine if the fair value of a reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount. An entity should then recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which ~~supersedes~~ ~~Topic 840, Leases~~~~. The Company adopted this updated standard as of January 1, 2019,~~the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value using the ~~modified retrospective approach and~~results of its Step 1 assessment, with the ~~effective date as its date~~loss recognized not to exceed the total amount of ~~initial application. The Company elected the package of three practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, which among other things allowed the Company~~goodwill allocated to carry forward the historical lease classification of existing leases and to not reassess expired contracts for leases. The practical expedient for hindsight to determine lease term was not elected by the Company. The standard resulted in the initial recognition of $170 million of total operating lease liabilities and $161 million of net operating lease assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet on January 1, 2019. The standard did not materially impact the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income or Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. The disclosures required by the recently adopted accounting standard are included in Note 8 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

~~ASU No. 2017-12 and ASU 2018-16, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)~~

~~In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12,~~ ~~Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities.~~ that reporting unit. This ~~Update~~ modifies accounting guidance for hedge accounting by making more hedge strategies eligible for hedge accounting, amending presentation and disclosure requirements, and changing how companies assess ineffectiveness. The intent is to simplify the application of hedge accounting and increase transparency of information about an entity’s risk management activities. The amended guidanceASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, ~~2018,~~2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company ~~completed~~adopted ASU 2017-04 at the beginning of its ~~assessment of these updates adopted on January 1, 2019, including potential changes to existing hedging arrangements,~~2020 fiscal year, and ~~determined the adoption of the guidance~~this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial ~~Statements.~~Statements upon adoption.

ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326)

In ~~October 2018,~~June 2016, the FASB issued ASU ~~2018-16~~,No. 2016-13, ~~Derivatives~~Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which requires the Company to measure and ~~Hedging (Topic 815)~~: ~~Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as Benchmark Interest Rate~~recognize expected credit losses for ~~Hedge Accounting Purposes~~.financial assets held and not accounted for at fair value through net income. This ~~Update permits use of the OIS rate based on the SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes. The guidance should be adopted on a prospective basis. This Update~~ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 at the beginning of its 2020 fiscal ~~years~~year, and this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements upon adoption.

Significant Accounting Policies

Indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill: The Company has indefinite-lived intangible assets of $178 million at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Goodwill ($841 million and $801 million at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) represents the excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the fair value assigned to identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The following table summarizes the Company’s indefinite-lived intangible assets at the dates presented:

Table of Contents

~~beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Update did not have a material impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.~~

~~New Accounting Standards~~

~~In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04,~~ ~~Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment~~. This Update simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill as the Update eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Instead, under the Update, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should then recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, with the loss recognized not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. This Update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted.

~~Significant Accounting Policies~~

~~Indefinite-lived intangible assets and Goodwill:~~ The Company has indefinite-lived intangible assets of $178 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Goodwill ($795 million and $791 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) represents the excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the fair value assigned to identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The following table summarizes the Company’s indefinite-lived intangible assets for the periods presented:

(in millions)

Balance at September 30, 2019

Balance at December 31, 2018

Trademarks/tradenames (indefinite-lived)

$
178

$
178


(in millions)	Balance at September 30, 2020		Balance at December 31, 2019
Trademarks/tradenames (indefinite-lived)	$	178	$	178

The original carrying value of goodwill and accumulated impairment charges by reportable business segment at September 30, ~~2019~~2020 was as follows:


	North		South		Asia						North		South		Asia-
(in millions)	America		America		Pacific		EMEA		Total		America		America		Pacific		EMEA		Total
Goodwill before impairment charges	$	601	$	55	$	225	$	65	$	946	$	608	$	54	$	229	$	65	$	956
Accumulated impairment charges		(1)		(33)		(121)		—		(155)		(1)		(33)		(121)		—		(155)
Balance at January 1, 2019		600		22		104		65		791
Balance at January 1, 2020												607		21		108		65		801
Acquisitions		7		—		—		—		7		—		—		48		—		48
Currency translation		—		(2)		2		(3)		(3)		—		(6)		(3)		1		(8)
Balance at September 30, 2019	$	607	$	20	$	106	$	62	$	795
Balance at September 30, 2020											$	607	$	15	$	153	$	66	$	841

The Company assesses indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill for impairment annually (or more frequently if impairment indicators arise). The Company performs this annual impairment assessment as of July 1 each year. In testing indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment, the Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is ~~impaired.~~less than its carrying value. After assessing the qualitative factors, if the Company determines that it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is greater than its carrying amount, then it would not be required to compute the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset. In the event the qualitative assessment leads the Company to conclude otherwise, then it would be required to determine the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible assets and perform a quantitative impairment test in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) subtopic 350-30. In performing the qualitative analysis, the Company considers various factors including net sales derived from these intangibles and certain market and industry conditions. Based on the results of its assessment, the Company concluded that as of July 1, ~~2019,~~2020, there were 0 impairments in its indefinite-lived intangible assets.

In testing goodwill for impairment, the Company first assesses qualitative factors in determining whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. After assessing the qualitative factors, if the Company determines that it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount, then the Company does not perform ~~the two-step~~an impairment test. If the Company concludes otherwise, then it performs ~~the first step of the two-step~~an impairment test as described in ASC ~~Topic 350. In the first step (“Step One”),~~subtopic 350-30. This test compares the fair value of the reporting unit ~~is compared~~ to its carrying value. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds the carrying value of its net assets, goodwill is not considered impaired and no further testing is required. If the carrying value

of the net assets exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, ~~a second step (“Step Two”) of the~~an impairment ~~assessment~~ is performed in order to determine the implied fair value of a reporting unit's goodwill. Determining the implied fair value of goodwill requires a valuation of the reporting unit's tangible and intangible assets and liabilities in a manner similar to the allocation of purchase price in a business combination. If the carrying value of the reporting unit's goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of its goodwill, goodwill is deemed impaired and is written down to the extent of the difference.recorded. Based on the results of the annual assessment, the Company concluded that as of July 1, ~~2019,~~2020, there were 0 impairments in its reporting units.

Net Sales Presentation Change

During the three months ended December 31, 2019, the Company changed its presentation of shipping and handling costs. These expenses were previously included as a reduction to Net sales in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. The Company is now presenting these expenses within Cost of sales in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. The change in presentation was applied retrospectively to all periods presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. The change in presentation had no effect on Gross profit, Operating income, Net income, or Earnings per share. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity and Redeemable Equity, and Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows are not affected by this change in presentation.

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The effect of the adjustment is as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2019				Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
(in millions)	As Reported		As Adjusted		As Reported		As Adjusted
Consolidated Statements of Income:
Net sales before shipping and handling costs	$	1,574	$	—	$	4,660	$	—
Less: shipping and handling costs		117		—		349		—
Net sales		1,457		1,574		4,311		4,660
Cost of sales		1,113		1,230		3,322		3,671
Gross profit	$	344	$	344	$	989	$	989


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2019				Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
(in millions)	As Reported		As Adjusted		As Reported		As Adjusted
Net sales to unaffiliated customers:
North America	$	892	$	984	$	2,637	$	2,912
South America		234		245		667		699
Asia-Pacific		196		205		585		611
EMEA		135		140		422		438
Total	$	1,457	$	1,574	$	4,311	$	4,660

3. Acquisitions

On ~~March~~July 1, ~~2019,~~2020, the Company completed its acquisition of ~~Western Polymer LLC~~PureCircle Limited (“~~Western Polymer”~~PureCircle”) through its wholly owned subsidiary Ingredion SRSS Holdings Limited (“Ingredion SRSS”), an unlisted United Kingdom private limited company. PureCircle is one of the leading producers and innovators of stevia sweeteners for global food and beverage industries. To complete the closing, the Company made a ~~privately-held, U.S.-based company headquartered in Moses Lake, Washington, that produces native and modified potato starches for industrial and food applications for $42~~total cash payment of $208 million, net of $14 million of cash acquired, which it funded from cash on hand. Upon the closing, PureCircle is wholly owned by Ingredion SRSS, which in turn is 75%-owned by Ingredion and 25%-owned by former PureCircle shareholders. PureCircle is consolidated by Ingredion for financial reporting purposes, with a corresponding redeemable non-controlling interest of ~~$4 million.~~$74 million recorded for the portion not owned by the Company. The ~~acquisition~~results of PureCircle will ~~expand~~be reported on a one-month lag within the ~~Company's potato starch manufacturing capacity, enhance processing capabilities, and broaden its higher-value specialty ingredients business and customer base.~~Company’s consolidated financial statements during the integration process of the companies. The results of the acquired ~~operation~~operations are included in the Company’s consolidated results from the acquisition date ~~forward~~ within the ~~North America business~~Asia-Pacific reportable segment. Pro-forma results of operations for the acquisition have not been presented as the effect of the acquisition would not be material to the Company’s results of operations for any periods presented.

A preliminary allocation of the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed was made based on available information and incorporating management’s best estimates. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction are generally recorded at their estimated acquisition date fair values, while transaction costs associated with the acquisition ~~are~~were expensed as incurred. ~~As of September 30, 2019, $13 million of goodwill and intangible assets, and $29 million of net tangible assets have preliminarily been recorded.~~ Goodwill represents the amount by which the purchase price exceeds the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired. ~~Goodwill and intangible assets are open~~The goodwill related to ~~be finalized~~PureCircle is not tax-deductible due to the structure of the acquisition.

The following table summarizes the preliminary purchase price allocations for the PureCircle acquisition as of September 30, ~~2019~~2020:


		Preliminary
(in millions)		PureCircle
Working capital (excluding cash)	$	77
Property, plant and equipment		89
Other, net		4
Identifiable intangible assets		64
Goodwill		48
Total purchase price, net of cash	$	282

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All of the recorded assets and liabilities, including working capital, property, plant and equipment, goodwill, intangibles and taxes, are open to change as the Company is still in process of performing purchase accounting for PureCircle, pending ~~finalization~~receipt of certain ~~valuations.~~information required to finalize the determination of fair value. The ~~goodwill~~goodwill results from synergies and other operational benefits expected to be derived from the acquisition. ~~The goodwill related to Western Polymer is tax-deductible due to the structure of the acquisition.~~

The identifiable intangible assets for the acquisition of PureCircle include items such as customer relationships, trade names, and proprietary technology. The fair values of these intangible assets were determined to be Level 3 under the fair value hierarchy. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for an asset or liability. Unobservable inputs are used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for fair value estimates to be made in situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for an asset or liability at the measurement date. For more information on the fair value hierarchy, see Note 6.

On March 1, 2019, the Company completed its acquisition of Western Polymer LLC (“Western Polymer”), a privately-held, U.S.-based company headquartered in Moses Lake, Washington, that produces native and modified potato starches for industrial and food applications for $42 million, net of cash acquired of $4 million. The acquisition expanded the Company's potato starch manufacturing capacity, enhanced its processing capabilities, and broadened its higher-value specialty ingredients business and customer base. The results of the acquired operation are included in the Company’s consolidated results from the acquisition date within the North America business segment. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company finalized the purchase price allocation for the Western Polymer acquisition. The finalization of goodwill and intangible assets did not have a significant impact on previously estimated amounts. The acquisition of Western Polymer added $13 million of goodwill and intangible assets and $29 million of net tangible assets as of the acquisition date. Pro-forma results of operations for the acquisition made in 2019 have not been presented as the effect of the acquisition would not be material to the Company’s results of operations for any periods presented.

The Company incurred $5 million and $8 million of pre-tax acquisition and integration costs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, associated with the PureCircle acquisition. The Company incurred an insignificant amount of pre-tax acquisition and integration costs for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and $2 million of pre-tax acquisition and integration costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 associated with ~~its recent~~the Western Polymer acquisition. ~~The Company incurred immaterial pre-tax acquisition and integration costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.~~

4. Revenue Recognition

The Company applies the provisions of ASC 606-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company recognizes revenue under the core principle to depict the transfer of products to customers in an amount reflecting the consideration the Company expects to receive. In order to achieve that core principle, the Company applies the following five-step approach: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when a performance obligation is satisfied.

The Company identified customer purchase orders, which in some cases are governed by a master sales agreement, as the contracts with its customers. For each contract, the Company considers the transfer of products, each of which is distinct, to be the identified performance obligation. In determining the transaction price for the performance obligation, the Company evaluates whether the price is subject to adjustment to determine the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled. The pricing model can be fixed or variable within the contract. The variable pricing model is based on historical commodity pricing and is determinable prior to completion of the performance obligation. Additionally, the Company has certain sales adjustments for volume incentive discounts and other discount arrangements that reduce the transaction price. The reduction of the transaction price is estimated using the expected value method based on an analysis of historical volume incentives or discounts, over a period of time considered adequate to account for current pricing and business trends. Historically, actual volume incentives and discounts relative to those estimated and included when determining the transaction price have not materially differed. Volume incentives and discounts are accrued at the satisfaction of the performance obligation and accounted for in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. These amounts ~~are~~were not significant as of September 30, ~~2019~~2020 or December 31, ~~2018.~~2019. The product price as specified in the contract, net of any discounts, is considered the standalone selling price as it is an observable input which depicts the price as if sold to a similar customer in similar circumstances. Payment is received

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~~observable input which depicts the price as if sold to a similar customer in similar circumstances. Payment is received~~ shortly after the performance obligation is satisfied; therefore, the Company has elected the practical expedient under ASC 606-10-32-18 to not assess whether a contract has a significant financing component.

Revenue is recognized when the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied and control is transferred to the customer, which occurs at a point in time, either upon delivery to an agreed upon location or to the customer. Further, in determining whether control has transferred, the Company considers if there is a present right to payment and legal title, along with risks and rewards of ownership having transferred to the customer.

Shipping and handling activities related to contracts with customers represent fulfillment costs and are ~~presented as a reduction~~recorded in Cost of ~~net~~ sales. Taxes assessed by governmental authorities and collected from customers are accounted for on a net basis and excluded from revenues. The Company applies a practical expedient to expense costs to obtain a contract as incurred as most contracts are one year or less. These costs primarily include the Company’s internal sales force compensation. Under the terms of these programs, ~~these~~such costs are generally earned and the costs are recognized at the time the revenue is recognized.

From time to time, the Company may enter into long-term contracts with its customers. Historically, the contracts entered into by the Company do not result in significant contract assets or liabilities. Any such arrangements are accounted for in Other assets or Accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. There were no significant contract assets or liabilities as of September 30, ~~2019~~2020 or December 31, ~~2018.~~2019.

The Company is principally engaged in the production and sale of starches and sweeteners for a wide range of industries, and is managed geographically on a regional basis. The Company’s operations are classified into 4 reportable business segments: North America, South America, Asia-Pacific and Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”). The nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of the Company’s Net sales are managed by the Company primarily based on its geographic segments. Each region’s product sales are unique to each region and have unique risks.


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(in millions)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Net sales to unaffiliated customers:
North America	$	928	$	984	$	2,739	$	2,912
South America		224		245		643		699
Asia-Pacific		207		205		583		611
EMEA		143		140		429		438
Total net sales	$	1,502	$	1,574	$	4,394	$	4,660

5. Restructuring and Impairment Charges

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recorded a total of $16 million and $41 million of pre-tax restructuring and impairment charges, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recorded $2 million and $17 million of pre-tax restructuring charges for its Cost Smart cost of sales program, respectively. During the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recorded $1 million of other restructuring costs in relation to the closure of the Lane Cove, Australia production facility and $1 million of other costs related to the closure of the Stockton, California production facility. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recorded $10 million of restructuring charges in relation to the closure of the Lane Cove, Australia production facility, $6 million related to the closure of the Stockton, California production facility and $1 million of other restructuring costs. The Lane Cove, Australia restructuring costs consist of $6 million of asset write-offs, $3 million of other costs, and $1 million of accelerated depreciation. The Stockton, California restructuring costs consist of $4 million of accelerated depreciation, $1 million of employee-related severance, and $1 million of other costs. The Company expects to incur $1 million to $2 million of additional restructuring costs during the remainder of 2020 related to the Lane Cove production facility closure.

Additionally, the Company recorded pre-tax restructuring charges of $4 million and $14 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, for its Cost Smart selling, general and administrative expense (“SG&A”) program. During the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recorded $4 million of pre-tax restructuring charges, consisting primarily of other costs, including professional services, in North America. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recorded pre-tax restructuring costs of $14 million primarily in

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North America, consisting of $12 million of other costs, including professional services, and $2 million of employee-related severance.

Finally, the Company recognized an other-than-temporary impairment of $10 million on its equity method investment in Verdient Foods Inc. during the three months ended September 30, 2020. The other-than-temporary impairment was triggered by the decrease in the fair value of its investment as determined by the agreed upon price for Ingredion to acquire the remaining 80% interest in Verdient Foods Inc. This agreement is more fully described in Note 14, Subsequent Event.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recorded $28 million and $41 million of pre-tax restructuring charges, respectively. ~~Pre-tax restructuring charges of $14 million and $23 million were recorded for~~For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, ~~respectively, for its Cost Smart SG&A program. These costs include $8~~the Company recorded $14 million and ~~$11~~$23 million, respectively, of other costs, including professional services, and ~~$6 million and $12 million of employee-~~

~~related~~employee-related severance ~~for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. These charges were recorded primarily~~ in the ~~Company’s~~ North America and South America ~~operations, and include~~segments as part of its Cost Smart SG&A program. This included $1 million and $2 million of other costs associated with the Finance Transformation initiative in Latin America for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. The Company expects to continue to incur additional charges during the year related to the Cost Smart SG&A program, however, it does not expect to incur any additional restructuring costs related to its Finance Transformation initiative.

Additionally, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recorded $14 million and $18 million, respectively, for its Cost Smart cost of sales program. During the three months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recorded $6 million of restructuring charges in relation to the closure of the Lane Cove, Australia production facility, consisting of $4 million of employee-related severance and $2 million of accelerated depreciation. The Company expects to incur an additional $10 million of restructuring costs during the remainder of 2019 and between $10 million and $12 million in 2020 in relation to the closure. Additionally, during the three months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recorded $4 million of employee-related expenses primarily related to the South America operations restructuring. Finally, the Company recorded $4 million and $8 million of other costs, including professional services, ~~during~~as part of the ~~three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, primarily in North America~~Cost Smart cost of sales program, including ~~other costs of~~ $2 million in relation to the prior year cessation of wet-milling at the Stockton, California plant. ~~The Company does not expect to incur any additional costs in relation to the cessation of wet-milling at the Stockton, California plant.~~

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recorded $34 million and $45 million of pre-tax restructuring charges, respectively. This included $28 million of accelerated depreciation and $3 million of employee-related severance costs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, as part of the Cost Smart cost of sales program in relation to the cessation of wet-milling at the Stockton, California plant. In addition, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recorded $3 million and $4 million, respectively, of employee-related severance and other costs in relation to its Finance Transformation initiative in Latin America as part of its Cost Smart SG&A program. There were also employee-related severance costs of $5 million recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 in relation to the Cost Smart SG&A program in its South America and North America segments. The Company also recorded other costs related to the North America Finance Transformation initiative of $4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, and there were other restructuring costs related to the leaf extraction process in Brazil of $1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

A summary of the Company’s employee-related severance accrual as of September 30, ~~2019~~2020 is as follows (in millions):


Balance in severance accrual as of December 31, 2018	$	10
Balance in severance accrual as of December 31, 2019			$	15
Cost Smart cost of sales and SG&A		20		3
Payments made to terminated employees		(13)		(11)
Foreign exchange translation		(2)		(1)
Balance in severance accrual as of September 30, 2019	$	15
Balance in severance accrual as of September 30, 2020			$	6

Of the ~~$15~~$6 million severance accrual as of September 30, ~~2019, $14~~2020, $5 million is expected to be paid in the next 12 months.

As of September 30, 2020, the Company identified certain assets within the Stockton, California and Lane Cove, Australia locations that met the held for sale criteria. The Company expects to sell these assets at a fair value equal to or greater than the carrying value as of September 30, 2020, and did not record a gain or loss associated with the reclassification of these assets to held for sale for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The assets classified as held for sale are reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows:


(in millions)		September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Other assets	$	8	$	—

6. Financial Instruments, Derivatives and Hedging Activities

The Company is exposed to market risk stemming from changes in commodity prices (primarily corn and natural gas), foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. In the normal course of business, the Company actively manages its exposure to these market risks by entering into various hedging transactions, authorized under established policies that place controls on these activities. These transactions utilize exchange-traded derivatives or over-the-counter derivatives with ~~investment-grade~~investment grade counterparties. Derivative financial instruments currently used by the Company consist of commodity-related futures, options and swap contracts, foreign currency-related forward contracts, ~~and~~ interest rate ~~swaps.~~swaps, and treasury locks (“T-Locks”).

Commodity price hedging: The Company’s principal use of derivative financial instruments is to manage commodity price risk relating to anticipated purchases of corn and natural gas to be used in the manufacturing process, generally over the next 12 to 24 months. The Company maintains a commodity-price risk management strategy that uses derivative instruments to minimize significant, unanticipated earnings fluctuations caused by commodity-price volatility.

For example, the manufacturing of the Company’s products requires a significant volume of corn and natural gas. Price fluctuations in corn and natural gas cause the actual purchase price of corn and natural gas to differ from anticipated prices.

To manage price risk related to corn purchases primarily in North America, the Company uses corn futures and option contracts that trade on regulated commodity exchanges to lock-in corn costs associated with fixed-priced customer sales contracts. The Company also uses over-the-counter natural gas swaps in North America to hedge a portion of its natural

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gas usage. These derivative financial instruments limit the impact that volatility resulting from fluctuations in market prices will have on corn and natural gas purchases. The Company’s natural gas derivatives and the majority of its corn derivatives have been designated as cash flow hedging instruments. The Company also enters into futures contracts to hedge price risk associated with fluctuations in the market price of ethanol and soybean oil. The Company’s natural gas, ethanol and soybean oil derivatives have been designated as cash flow hedging instruments.

The Company enters into certain corn derivative instruments that are not designated as hedging instruments as defined by ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. Therefore, the realized and unrealized gains and losses from these instruments are recognized in cost of sales during each accounting period. These derivative instruments also mitigate commodity price risk related to anticipated purchases of corn.

For commodity hedges designated as cash flow hedges, unrealized gains and losses associated with marking the commodity hedging contracts to market (fair value) are recorded as a component of other comprehensive income (“OCI”) and included in the equity section of the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as part of ~~accumulated~~Accumulated other comprehensive ~~income/loss~~income (“AOCI”). These amounts are subsequently reclassified into earnings in the same line item affected by the hedged transaction and in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings, or in the month a hedge is determined to be ineffective. The Company assesses the effectiveness of a commodity hedge contract based on changes in the contract’s fair value. The changes in the market value of such contracts have historically been, and are expected to continue to be, highly effective at offsetting changes in the price of the hedged items. Gains and losses from cash flow hedging instruments reclassified from AOCI to earnings are reported as Cash provided by operating activities on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

As of September 30, ~~2019, AOCI included $17~~2020, the Company had outstanding futures and option contracts that hedged the forecasted purchase of approximately 64 million bushels of ~~net losses (net~~corn. The Company had outstanding swap and option contracts that hedged the forecasted purchase of ~~income tax benefit~~approximately 29 million mmbtu’s of ~~$6 million), pertaining~~natural gas at September 30, 2020.

Foreign currency hedging: Due to ~~commodities-related~~the Company’s global operations, including operations in many emerging markets, the Company is exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. As a result, the Company has exposure to translational foreign-exchange risk when the results of its foreign operations are translated to U.S. dollars and to transactional foreign-exchange risk when transactions not denominated in the functional currency are revalued. The Company’s foreign-exchange risk management strategy uses derivative financial instruments such as foreign currency forward contracts, swaps and options to manage its transactional foreign exchange risk. The Company enters into foreign currency derivative instruments that are designated as both cash flow ~~hedges. As~~hedging instruments as well as instruments not designated as hedging instruments as defined by ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, in order to mitigate transactional foreign-exchange risk. Gains and losses from derivative financial instruments not designated as hedging instruments are marked to market in earnings during each accounting period.

The Company hedges certain assets using foreign currency derivatives not designated as hedging instruments, which had a notional value of $648 million and $621 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, ~~2018, AOCI included $2 million of net losses (net of income tax benefit of $2 million), pertaining to commodities-related derivative instruments~~2019, respectively. The Company also hedges certain liabilities using foreign currency derivatives not designated as hedging instruments, which had a notional value of $457 million and $356 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

The Company hedges certain assets using foreign currency cash flow ~~hedges.~~hedging instruments, which had a notional value of $495 million and $374 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The Company also hedges certain liability positions using foreign currency cash flow hedging instruments, which had a notional value of $619 million and $541 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

Interest rate hedging: The Company assesses its exposure to variability in interest rates by identifying and monitoring changes in interest rates that may adversely impact future cash flows and the fair value of existing debt instruments, and by evaluating hedging opportunities. The ~~Company maintains~~Company’s risk management ~~control systems~~strategy is to monitor interest rate risk attributable to both the Company’s outstanding and forecasted debt obligations as well as the Company’s offsetting hedge positions. The risk management control systems involve the use of analytical techniques, including sensitivity analysis, to estimate the expected impact of changes in interest rates on future cash flows and the fair value of the Company’s outstanding and forecasted debt instruments. Derivative financial instruments that have been used by the Company to manage its interest rate risk consist of interest rate swaps and ~~Treasury lock agreements (“T-Locks”).~~T-Locks.

The Company ~~has an~~periodically enters into interest rate ~~swap agreement that effectively converts the interest rates on $200 million of~~swaps to hedge its ~~$400 million of 4.625% senior notes due November 1, 2020,~~exposure to variable rates. This swap agreement calls for the Company to receive interest at the fixed coupon rate of the respective notes and to pay interest at a variable rate based on the six-month U.S. dollar London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus a spread. The Company has designated this interest rate ~~swap agreement as a hedge of the~~changes. The changes in fair value of ~~the underlying debt obligations attributable to changes in interest rates and accounts for it as a fair value hedging instrument. The change in fair value of an~~ interest rate ~~swap~~swaps designated as a hedging ~~instrument~~instruments that effectively ~~offsets~~offset the variability in the fair value of outstanding debt obligations isare reported in earnings. ~~This amount offsets~~These amounts offset the ~~gain~~gains or ~~loss~~losses (the ~~change~~changes in fair value) of the hedged debt ~~instrument~~instruments that isare attributable to changes in interest rates (the hedged risk), which is also recognized in earnings. The fair value of the interest rate swap agreement as of September 30, 2019 was a $2 million gain, and is reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets within Other assets, with an offsetting amount recorded in Long-term debt to adjust the carrying amount of the hedged debt obligations. As of December 31, 2018, the fair value of the interest rate swap agreement was a $1 million loss, and is reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets within Non-current liabilities, with an offsetting amount recorded in Long-term debt to adjust the carrying amount of hedged debt obligations.

are

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also recognized in earnings. As of September 30, 2020, the Company did not have any outstanding interest rate swaps. As of December 31, 2019, the Company had an outstanding interest rate swap agreement that converted the interest rates on $200 million of its $400 million 4.625% senior notes due November 1, 2020, to variable rates. The Company redeemed these notes in July 2020 and settled the outstanding interest rate swap.

The Company periodically enters into T-Locks to hedge its exposure to interest rate changes. The T-Locks are designated as hedges of the variability in cash flows associated with future interest payments caused by market fluctuations in the benchmark interest rate until the fixed interest rate is established, and are accounted for as cash flow hedges. Accordingly, changes in the fair value of the T-Locks are recorded to AOCI until the consummation of the underlying debt offering, at which time any realized gain (loss) is amortized to earnings over the life of the debt. The Company did not have ~~any T-Locks~~ outstanding T-locks as of September 30, ~~2019~~2020 or December 31, ~~2018. As~~2019. T-locks outstanding as of ~~September~~March 31, 2020 were settled the three months ended June 30, ~~2019,~~2020. The corresponding realized loss was recorded in AOCI included $1 million of net losses (net of income tax benefit of $1 million) related to settled T-Locks. As of December 31, 2018, AOCI included $2 million of net losses (net of income tax benefit of $1 million) related to settled T-Locks. These deferred losses are beingand will be amortized to ~~Financing costs, net~~earnings over the ~~terms~~life of the senior notes ~~with which they are associated.~~

~~Foreign currency hedging~~: Due to its global operations, including operations in many emerging markets, the Company is exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. As a result, the Company has exposure to translational foreign-exchange risk when the results of its foreign operations are translated to U.S. dollars and to transactional foreign-exchange risk when transactions not denominated in the functional currency are revalued. The Company primarily uses derivative financial instruments such as foreign currency forward contracts, swaps and options to manage its transactional foreign-exchange risk. The Company enters into foreign currency derivative instruments that are designated as both cash flow hedging instruments as well as instruments not designated as hedging instruments as defined by ~~ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging~~~~, in order to mitigate transactional foreign-exchange risk.~~

Gains and losses from derivative financial instruments not designated as hedging instruments are marked to market in earnings during each accounting period. The notional value of the Company’s foreign currency derivatives not designated as hedging instruments included forward sales contracts of $599 million and $621 million as well as forward purchase contracts with notional value of $182 million and $165 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.sold.

The ~~Company’s foreign currency derivatives~~derivative instruments designated as cash flow ~~hedging instruments include $3 million of net gains (net of income tax expense of $1 million)~~hedges included in AOCI as of September 30, 2019. The amount included in AOCI related to these hedges at December 31, 2018 was not significant. The notional volume of the Company’s foreign currency cash flow hedging instruments included forward sales contracts of $426 million and $345 million as well as forward purchase contracts of $593 million and $275 million as of September 30, 20192020 and December 31, ~~2018, respectively.~~2019 are reflected below:

Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships

Gains (Losses) included in AOCI

(in millions)

September 30, 2020

December 31, 2019

Commodity contracts, net of income tax effect of $ — and $5, respectively

$
2

$
(11)

Foreign currency contracts, net of income tax effect of $1 and $1, respectively

(3)

3

Interest rate contracts, net of income tax effect of $1 and $ — , respectively

(4)

(1)

Total

$
(5)

$
(9)

The fair value and balance sheet location of the Company’s derivative instruments, presented gross in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, are reflected below:

Fair Value of Hedging Instruments as of September 30, 2019

Fair Value of Hedging Instruments as of September 30, 2020

Designated Hedging Instruments (in millions)

Non-Designated Hedging Instruments (in millions)

Designated Hedging Instruments (in millions)

Non-Designated Hedging Instruments (in millions)

Balance Sheet Location

Commodity Contracts

Foreign Currency Contracts

Interest Rate Contracts

Total

Commodity Contracts

Foreign Currency Contracts

Interest Rate Contracts

Total

Commodity Contracts

Foreign Currency Contracts

Interest Rate Contracts

Total

Commodity Contracts

Foreign Currency Contracts

Interest Rate Contracts

Total

Accounts receivable, net

$
8

$
6

$
—

$
14

$
2

$
10

$
—

$
12

$
18

$
—

$
—

$
18

$
—

$
7

$
—

$
7

Other assets

—

6

2

8

—

1

—

1

4

—

—

4

—

3

—

3

Assets

8

12

2

22

2

11

—

13

22

—

—

22

—

10

—

10

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

17

3

—

20

1

3

—

4

6

1

—

7

1

23

—

24

Non-current liabilities

5

5

—

10

—

3

—

3

1

3

—

4

—

2

—

2

Liabilities

22

8

—

30

1

6

—

7

7

4

—

11

1

25

—

26

Net (Liabilities)/Assets

$
(14)

$
4

$
2

$
(8)

$
1

$
5

$
—

$
6

$
15

$
(4)

$
—

$
11

$
(1)

$
(15)

$
—

$
(16)

Fair Value of Hedging Instruments as of December 31, 2019

Designated Hedging Instruments (in millions)

Non-Designated Hedging Instruments (in millions)

Balance Sheet Location

Commodity Contracts

Foreign Currency Contracts

Interest Rate Contracts

Total

Commodity Contracts

Foreign Currency Contracts

Interest Rate Contracts

Total

Accounts receivable, net

$
5

$
7

$
—

$
12

$
2

$
4

$
—

$
6

Other assets

1

3

1

5

—

1

—

1

Assets

6

10

1

17

2

5

—

7

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

13

4

—

17

1

8

—

9

Non-current liabilities

4

4

—

8

—

2

—

2

Liabilities

17

8

—

25

1

10

—

11

Net (Liabilities)/Assets

$
(11)

$
2

$
1

$
(8)

$
1

$
(5)

$
—

$
(4)

1315

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Fair Value of Hedging Instruments as of December 31, 2018

Designated Hedging Instruments (in millions)

Non-Designated Hedging Instruments (in millions)

Balance Sheet Location

Commodity Contracts

Foreign Currency Contracts

Interest Rate Contracts

Total

Commodity Contracts

Foreign Currency Contracts

Interest Rate Contracts

Total

Accounts receivable, net

$
5

$
1

$
—

$
6

$
—

$
16

$
—

$
16

Other assets

1

—

—

1

—

1

—

1

Assets

6

1

—

7


—

17

—

17

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

6

—

—

6

3

9

—

12

Non-current liabilities

3

—

1

4

—

4

—

4

Liabilities

9

—

1

10

3

13

—

16

Net (Liabilities)/Assets

$
(3)

$
1

$
(1)

$
(3)

$
(3)

$
4

$
—

$
1

As of September 30, 2019, the Company had outstanding futures and option contracts that hedged the forecasted purchase of approximately 47 million bushels of corn. The Company is unable to directly hedge price risk related to coproduct sales; however, it occasionally enters into hedges of soybean oil (a competing product to corn oil) in order to mitigate the price risk of corn oil sales. As of September 30, 2019, the Company had 0 outstanding soybean oil futures contracts. The Company had outstanding swap and option contracts that hedged the forecasted purchase of approximately 30 million mmbtu’s of natural gas at September 30, 2019. Additionally, as of September 30, 2019 the Company had outstanding ethanol futures contracts hedging approximately 8 million gallons of ethanol.

Additional information pertaining to the Company’s fair value hedges is presented below:

Line item in the statement of financial position in which the hedged item is included (in millions)

Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)

Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)

Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)

Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)

Balance sheet date as of

September 30, 2019

December 31, 2018

September 30, 2019

December 31, 2018

September 30, 2020

December 31, 2019

September 30, 2020

December 31, 2019

Interest Rate Contracts:

Long-Term Debt

$
(202)

$
(199)

$
(2)

$
1

$
—

$
(201)

$
—

$
(1)

Additional information relating to the Company’s derivative instruments is presented below:

Location of Gains

Amount of Gains (Losses)

(Losses)

Amount of Gains (Losses)

Derivatives in Cash-Flow

Recognized in OCI

Reclassified from

Reclassified from AOCI into Income

Derivatives in Cash Flow

Gains (Losses) Recognized
in OCI on Derivatives

Income

Gains (Losses) Reclassified
from AOCI into Income

Hedging Relationships

Three Months Ended September 30,

AOCI

Three Months Ended September 30,

Three Months Ended September 30,

Statement

Three Months Ended September 30,

(in millions, pre-tax)

2019

2018

into Income

2019

2018

(in millions)

2020

2019

Location

2020

2019

Commodity contracts

$
(20)

$
(5)

Cost of sales

$
2

$
(2)

$
21

$
(20)

Cost of sales

$
(30)

$
2

Foreign currency contracts

3

3

Net sales/Cost of sales

1

—

(5)

3

Net sales/Cost of sales

(1)

1

Interest rate contracts

—

—

Financing costs, net

—

—

—

—

Financing costs, net

—

—

Total

$
(17)

$
(2)

$
3

$
(2)

$
16

$
(17)

$
(31)

$
3

Location of Gains

Amount of Gains (Losses)

(Losses)

Amount of Gains (Losses)

Derivatives in Cash-Flow

Recognized in OCI

Reclassified from

Reclassified from AOCI into Income

Gains (Losses) Recognized
in OCI on Derivatives

Income

Gains (Losses) Reclassified
from AOCI into Income

Hedging Relationships

Nine Months Ended September 30,

AOCI

Nine Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

Statement

Nine Months Ended September 30,

(in millions, pre-tax)

2019

2018

into Income

2019

2018


2020

2019

Location

2020

2019

Commodity contracts

$
(20)

$
(2)

Cost of sales

$
(1)

$
(5)

$
(36)

$
(20)

Cost of sales

$
(54)

$
(1)

Foreign currency contracts

4

1

Net sales/Cost of sales

(1)

1

(9)

4

Net sales/Cost of sales

(1)

(1)

Interest rate contracts

—

—

Financing costs, net

(1)

(1)

(5)

—

Financing costs, net

(1)

(1)

Total

$
(16)

$
(1)

$
(3)

$
(5)

$
(50)

$
(16)

$
(56)

$
(3)

Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging
Income Statement Location of

Gains (Losses) Recognized in Income

Income Statement

Gains (Losses) Recognized in Income

Relationships
Derivatives Designated as

Three Months Ended September 30,

Location

Three Months Ended September 30,

(in millions)
Hedging Instruments

2020

2019

of Hedged Items

2020

2019

Interest rate contracts
Financing costs, net

$
—

$
—

Financing costs, net

$
—

$
—

Derivatives in Fair Value
Income Statement Location of

Gains (Losses) Recognized in Income

Income Statement

Gains (Losses) Recognized in Income

Hedging Relationships
Derivatives Designated as

Nine Months Ended September 30,

Location

Nine Months Ended September 30,

(in millions)
Hedging Instruments

2020

2019

of Hedged Items

2020

2019

Interest rate contracts
Financing costs, net

$
(1)

$
3

Financing costs, net

$
1

$
(3)

As of September 30, 2020, AOCI included $3 million of net losses (net of income taxes of $1 million) on settled commodities-related derivatives instruments, T-Locks, and foreign currency hedges designated as cash flow hedges that are expected to be reclassified into earnings during the next 12 months.

1416

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For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019

For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2018

Location and Amount of Gains (Losses) Recognized in Income on Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedging Relationships (in millions, pre-tax)

Net sales before shipping and handling costs

Cost of Sales

Financing costs, net

Net sales before shipping and handling costs

Cost of Sales

Financing costs, net

Income (expense) reported in earnings

$
1,574

$
(1,113)

$
(24)

$
1,563

$
(1,116)

$
(24)

Fair value hedging relationships:

Interest Rate Contracts:

Hedged Items

$
—

$
—

$
—

$
—

$
—

$
1

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments

—

—

—

—

—

(1)

Cash flow hedging relationships:

Commodity Contracts:

Gains (losses) reclassified from other comprehensive income into earnings

$
—

$
2

$
—

$
—

$
(2)

$
—

Foreign Exchange Contracts:

Gains reclassified from other comprehensive income into earnings

1

—

—

—

—

—

Interest Rate Contracts:

Gains (losses) reclassified from other comprehensive income into earnings

—

—

—

—

—

—

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018

Location and Amount of Gains (Losses) Recognized in Income on Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedging Relationships (in millions, pre-tax)

Net sales before shipping and handling costs

Cost of Sales

Financing costs, net

Net sales before shipping and handling costs

Cost of Sales

Financing costs, net

Income (expense) reported in earnings

$
4,660

$
(3,322)

$
(62)

$
4,752

$
(3,367)

$
(65)

Fair value hedging relationships:

Interest Rate Contracts:

Hedged Items

$
—

$
—

$
(3)

$
—

$
—

$
4

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments

—

—

3

—

—

(4)

Cash flow hedging relationships:

Commodity Contracts:

Losses reclassified from other comprehensive income into earnings

$
—

$
(1)

$
—

$
—

$
(5)

$
—

Foreign Exchange Contracts:

(Losses) gains reclassified from other comprehensive income into earnings

(2)

1

—

2

(1)

—

Interest Rate Contracts:

Losses reclassified from other comprehensive income into earnings

—

—

(1)

—

—

(1)

As of September 30, 2019, AOCI included $14 million of net losses (net of $5 million of income tax benefit) on commodities-related derivative instruments designated as cash-flow hedges that are expected to be reclassified into earnings during the next 12 months. Transactions and events expected to occur over the next 12 months that will necessitate reclassifying these derivative losses to earnings include the sale of finished goods inventory, which includes previously hedged purchases of corn and natural gas. The Company expects the losses to be offset by changes in the underlying commodities costs. Additionally, as of September 30, 2019, AOCI included $1 million of net losses (net of an insignificant amount of income tax benefit) on settled T-Locks and $3 million of net gains (net of $1 million of income tax expense) related to foreign currency hedges which are expected to be reclassified into earnings during the next 12 months.

Fair Value Measurements:Presented below are the fair values of the Company’s financial instruments and derivatives ~~for~~as of the ~~periods~~dates presented:

As of September 30, 2019

As of December 31, 2018

As of September 30, 2020

As of December 31, 2019

(in millions)

Total

Level 1 (a)

Level 2 (b)

Level 3 (c)

Total

Level 1 (a)

Level 2 (b)

Level 3 (c)


Total

Level 1 (a)

Level 2 (b)

Level 3 (c)

Total

Level 1 (a)

Level 2 (b)

Level 3 (c)

Available for sale securities

$
13

$
13

$
—

$
—

$
11

$
11

$
—

$
—

$
10

$
10

$
—

$
—

$
13

$
13

$
—

$
—

Derivative assets

35

9

26

—

24

4

20

—

32

15

17

—

24

7

17

—

Derivative liabilities

37

10

27

—

26

6

20

—

37

5

32

—

36

5

31

—

Long-term debt

1,986

—

1,986

—

1,954

—

1,954

—

2,106

—

2,106

—

1,751

—

1,751

—

(a) Level 1 inputs consist of quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
(b) Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. Level 2 inputs are based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data.
(c) Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Unobservable inputs ~~shall be~~are used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.

The carrying values of cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and short-term borrowings approximate fair values. Commodity futures, options, and swap contracts are recognized at fair value. Foreign currency forward contracts, swaps and options are also recognized at fair value. The fair value of the Company’s Long-term debt is estimated based on quotations of major securities dealers who are market makers in the securities. As of September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, the carrying value and fair value of the Company’s Long-term debt was ~~$2.0~~$2.1 billion.

7. Debt

As of September 30, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, the Company’s total debt consisted of the following:

As of

As of

As of

As of

(in millions)

September 30, 2019

December 31, 2018

September 30, 2020

December 31, 2019

3.2% senior notes due October 1, 2026

$
497

$
496

2.900% senior notes due June 1, 2030

$
594

$
—

3.200% senior notes due October 1, 2026

497

497

3.900% senior notes due June 1, 2050

390

—

6.625% senior notes due April 15, 2037

253

253

4.625% senior notes due November 1, 2020

400

399

—

400

6.625% senior notes due April 15, 2037

253

254

5.62% senior notes due March 25, 2020

200

200

—

200

Term loan credit agreement due April 25, 2019

—

165

Term loan credit agreement due April 12, 2021

500

—

380

405

Revolving credit facility

149

418

—

10

Other long-term borrowings

1

—

Fair value adjustment related to hedged fixed rate debt instruments

2

(1)

—

1

Long-term debt

2,001

1,931

2,115

1,766

Short-term borrowings

81

169

62

82

Total debt

$
2,082

$
2,100

$
2,177

$
1,848

~~On April 12, 2019,~~During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company amended and restated the Term Loan Credit Agreement that was set to mature on April 25, 2019 (“Term Loan”) of $165 million to establish a 24-month senior unsecured term loan credit facility in an amount up to $500 million that matures on April 12, 2021. The Company has used ~~the $500 million to pay down~~proceeds from the revolving credit facility (“Revolving Credit Facility”) to refinance $200 million of its 5.62% senior notes due March 25, 2020.

During the three months ended June 30, 2020, the Company sold its (i) 2.900% senior notes due 2030 in the principal amount of $600 million (the “2030 Notes”) and (ii) 3.900% senior notes due 2050 in the principal amount of $400 million (the “2050 Notes” and, together with the “2030 Notes,” the “Notes”). The Company recorded the aggregate discount of approximately $7 million at which the Notes were issued and capitalized debt issuance costs of approximately $9 million associated with the Notes.

During the three months ended June 30, 2020, the Company applied the net proceeds from the sale of the Notes to pay ~~off~~in full the ~~Term Loan balance.~~ outstanding balance of $394 million under the Revolving Credit Facility and set aside funds to repay its 4.625% senior notes due November 1, 2020 (the “November 2020 Notes”). On June 8, 2020, the Company issued a notice for the redemption in full of all $400 million principal amount of the November 2020 Notes. The November 2020 Notes

Table of Contents

were redeemed on July 9, 2020 for a total redemption price of $409 million, including $4 million of accrued interest and a $5 million “make-whole” premium as set forth in the indenture.

The Company’s long-term debt as of September 30, ~~2019~~2020 includes the ~~5.62% senior notes~~term loan credit agreement due ~~March 25, 2020,~~April 12, 2021, as the Company has the ability and

intent to refinance ~~such senior notes~~it on a long-term basis using the Revolving Credit Facility or other ~~sources~~means prior to the maturity date.

8. Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the agreement. Operating leases are included in operating lease assets, and current and non-current operating lease liabilities in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Lease assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent its obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Lease assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease asset value includes in its calculation any prepaid lease payments made and any lease incentives received from the arrangement as a reduction of the asset. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease, and the impact of these options ~~are~~is included in the lease liability and lease asset calculations when the exercise of the option is at the Company’s sole discretion and it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. The Company will not separate lease and non-lease components for its leases when it is impracticable to separate the two, such as for leases with variable payment arrangements. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet.

The Company has operating leases for certain rail cars, office space, warehouses, and machinery and equipment. The commencement date used for the calculation of the lease obligations recorded is the latter of the commencement date of the new standard (January 1, 2019) or the lease start date. Certain of the leases have options to extend the life of the lease, which are included in the liability calculation when the option is at the sole discretion of the Company and it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise the option. The Company has certain leases that have variable payments based solely on output or usage of the leased asset. These variable operating lease assets are excluded from the Company’s balance sheet presentation and expensed as incurred. The Company currently has 0 finance leases.

Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The components of lease expense were as follows:

Lease Cost

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

(in millions)

2019

2019

Operating lease cost

$
13

$
40

Variable operating lease cost

6

18

Short term lease cost

1

2

Lease cost

$
20

$
60

The following is a reconciliation of future undiscounted cash flows to the operating lease liabilities and the related operating lease assets as presented on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2019.

Operating Leases

As of

(in millions)

September 30, 2019

2019 (Excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2019)

$
13

2020

43

2021

33

2022

25

2023

18

Thereafter

32

Total future lease payments

164

Less imputed interest

23

Present value of future lease payments

141

Less current lease liabilities

39

Non-current operating lease liabilities

$
102

Operating lease assets

$
132

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

Lease Cost

September 30,

September 30,

(in millions)

2020

2019

2020

2019

Operating lease cost

$
14

$
13

$
40

$
40

Variable operating lease cost

8

6

23

18

Short term lease cost

1

1

3

2

Lease cost

$
23

$
20

$
66

$
60

1718

Table of Contents

The following is a reconciliation of future undiscounted cash flows to the operating lease liabilities and the related operating lease assets as presented on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2020.

Operating Leases

As of

(in millions)

September 30, 2020

2020 (Excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2020)

$
14

2021

49

2022

40

2023

31

2024

21

Thereafter

37

Total future lease payments

192

Less imputed interest

23

Present value of future lease payments

169

Less current lease liabilities

46

Non-current operating lease liabilities

$
123

Operating lease assets

$
161

Additional information related to the Company’s operating leases is listed below.

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

Other Information

September 30,

September 30,

($ in millions)

2020

2019

2020

2019

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:

Operating cash flows from operating leases

$
14

$
12

$
40

$
41

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities:

Operating leases

$
24

$
11

$
45

$
178

As of

As of

��

September 30, 2020

December 31, 2019

Weighted average remaining lease term:

Operating leases

5.0 years

5.5 years

Weighted average discount rate:

Operating leases

5.1
%

5.7
%

9. Taxes

The ~~right-of-use assets obtained~~Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased to 30.1 percent from 27.1 percent during the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in ~~exchange~~the effective income tax rate was driven by one-time items in the quarter over quarter results, a change in the mix of earnings including the consolidation of PureCircle and a valuation allowance on U.S. foreign tax credits. These items were partially offset by a reduction in the Company’s U.S. global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) based on the newly issued final U.S. Treasury regulations relating thereto, an increase in the valuation of the Mexican peso against the U.S. dollar and utilization of net operating losses for ~~lease liabilities~~which a benefit had not been previously recognized compared to a valuation allowance recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2019.

The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019 includes~~2020 was 34.4 percent compared to 27.8 percent during the ~~initial recognition of $161 million of operating lease assets as part~~nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in the effective tax rate was driven by a decrease in the valuation of the ~~adoption~~Mexican peso against the U.S. dollar, one-time items in the quarter over quarter results, a change in the mix of earnings including the ~~new lease standard.~~
consolidation of PureCircle and a valuation allowance on U.S. foreign tax credits. These items were partially offset by a reduction in the Company’s GILTI based on the newly issued final U.S. Treasury regulations relating thereto and utilization of net operating losses for which a benefit had not previously been recognized compared to a valuation allowance recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2019.

Other Information

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

($ in millions)

2019

2019

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:

Operating cash flows from operating leases

$
12

$
41

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities:

Operating leases

$
11

$
178

As of

September 30, 2019

Weighted average remaining lease term:

Operating leases

5.2 years

Weighted average discount rate:

Operating leases

5.4
%

~~As the Company has not restated prior-year information for its adoption~~Table of ~~ASC Topic 842, the following presents its future minimum lease payments for operating leases under ASC Topic 840 on December 31, 2018:~~Contents

Operating Leases

As of

(in millions)

December 31, 2018

2019

$
53

2020

44

2021

40

2022

27

2023

22

Thereafter

27

Total future lease payments

$
213

~~9. Taxes~~

In January 2019, the Company’s Brazilian subsidiary received a favorable decision from the Federal Court of Appeals in Sao Paulo, Brazil, related to certain indirect taxes collected in prior years. As a result of this decision, the Company expects to be entitled to credits against various Brazilian federal tax payments in 2019 and future years. The Company is finalizing the calculation of the amount of the credits and interest related to this court decision, as well as the corresponding tax expense. The credit calculations, which span a period from 2005 to April 2018, are complex and subject to pending decisions within the Brazilian courts that may result in changes to the calculations and the timing of the receipt of benefits. When the Company finalizes the credit calculations and records the gain, a one-time tax payment on the total credit and interest recognized will become immediately due.

10. Net Periodic Pension and Postretirement Benefit Costs

The following table sets forth the components of net periodic ~~cost/(benefit)~~benefit cost of the U.S. and non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans for the periods presented:

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

U.S. Plans

Non-U.S. Plans

U.S. Plans

Non-U.S. Plans

U.S. Plans

Non-U.S. Plans

U.S. Plans

Non-U.S. Plans

(in millions)

2019

2018

2019

2018

2019

2018

2019

2018


2020

2019

2020

2019

2020

2019

2020

2019

Service cost

$
2

$
1

$
—

$
1

$
4

$
4

$
2

$
3

$
2

$
2

$
1

$
—

$
4

$
4

$
3

$
2

Interest cost

4

4

3

3

11

10

8

8

2

4

2

3

8

11

8

8

Expected return on plan assets

(5)

(6)

(2)

(2)

(14)

(16)

(6)

(7)

(5)

(5)

(2)

(2)

(16)

(14)

(6)

(6)

Amortization of actuarial loss

—

—

—

—

—

—

1

1

—

—

1

—

—

—

2

1

Net periodic benefit cost/(benefit) (a)

$
1

$
(1)

$
1

$
2

$
1

$
(2)

$
5

$
5

Net periodic benefit cost (a)

$
(1)

$
1

$
2

$
1

$
(4)

$
1

$
7

$
5

The Company currently anticipates that it will make approximately $4 million in cash contributions to its pension plans in ~~2019,~~2020, consisting of contributions of $3 million to its non-U.S. pension plans and $1 million to its U.S. pension plans. For the nine

months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, cash contributions of approximately $2 million were made to the non-U.S. plans and $1 million to the U.S. plans.

The following table sets forth the components of net postretirement benefit cost for the periods presented:

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

(in millions)

2019

2018

2019

2018


2020

2019

2020

2019

Service cost

$
—

$
1

$
—

$
1

$
—

$
—

$
—

$
—

Interest cost

1

—

2

2

—

1

2

2

Amortization of prior service credit

—

—

(1)

(1)

—

—

(1)

(1)

Net periodic benefit cost (a)

$
1

$
1

$
1

$
2

$
—

$
1

$
1

$
1

(a) The service cost component of net periodic benefit cost is presented within either cost of sales or operating expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. The interest cost, expected return on plan assets, amortization of ~~actuarial loss~~prior service credit, and amortization of ~~prior service credit~~actuarial loss components of net periodic benefit cost are presented as other, non-operating income on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

11. Inventories

Inventories are summarized as follows:

As of

As of

As of

As of

(in millions)

September 30, 2019

December 31, 2018


September 30, 2020

December 31, 2019

Finished and in process

$
535

$
522

$
593

$
565

Raw materials

289

250

221

237

Manufacturing supplies and other

55

52

94

59

Total inventories

$
879

$
824

$
908

$
861

12. Equity

Treasury stock: On October 22, 2018, the Board of Directors authorized a new stock repurchase program permitting the Company to purchase up to 8 million of its outstanding common shares from November 5, 2018 through December 31, 2023. The parameters of the Company’s stock repurchase program are not established solely with reference to the dilutive impact of shares issued under the Company’s stock incentive plan. However, the Company expects that, over time, share repurchases will offset the dilutive impact of shares issued under the stock incentive plan.

On November 5, 2018, the Company entered into a Variable Timing Accelerated Share Repurchase (“ASR”) program with JPMorgan (“JPM”). Under the ASR program, the Company paid $455 million on November 5, 2018, and acquired 4 million shares of its common stock having an approximate value of $423 million on that date. On February 5, 2019, the Company and JPM settled the difference between the initial price and average daily volume weighted average price (“VWAP”) less the agreed upon discount during the term of the ASR agreement. The final VWAP was $98.04 per

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share, which was less than originally paid. The Company settled the difference in cash, resulting in JPM returning $63 million of the upfront payment to the Company on February 6, 2019, and lowering the total cost of repurchasing the 4 million shares of common stock to $392 million. The Company adjusted Additional paid-in capital and Treasury stock by $32 million and $31 million, respectively, during the ~~first quarter of~~nine months ended September 30, 2019 for this inflow of cash. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company did 0t repurchase shares of common stock.

~~Shared-based~~Share-based payments: The following table summarizes the components of the Company’s share-based compensation expense:

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

September 30,

September 30,

September 30,

(in millions)

2019

2018

2019

2018


2020

2019

2020

2019

Stock options:

Pre-tax compensation expense

$
—

$
1

$
2

$
4

$
1

$
—

$
3

$
2

Income tax benefit

—

—

—

(1)

—

—

—

—

Stock option expense, net of income taxes

—

1

2

3

1

—

3

2

Restricted stock units ("RSUs"):

Pre-tax compensation expense

2

3

7

9

3

2

9

7

Income tax benefit

—

(1)

(1)

(2)

—

—

(1)

(1)

RSUs, net of income taxes

2

2

6

7

3

2

8

6

Performance shares and other share-based awards:

Pre-tax compensation expense

2

—

5

2

2

2

6

5

Income tax benefit

—

(1)

—

(1)

(1)

—

(1)

—

Performance shares and other share-based compensation expense, net of income taxes

2

(1)

5

1

1

2

5

5

Total share-based compensation:

Pre-tax compensation expense

4

4

14

15

6

4

18

14

Income tax benefit

—

(2)

(1)

(4)

(1)

—

(2)

(1)

Total share-based compensation expense, net of income taxes

$
4

$
2

$
13

$
11

$
5

$
4

$
16

$
13

Stock Options: Under the Company’s stock incentive plan, stock options are granted at exercise prices that equal the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. The options have a 10-year term and are exercisable upon vesting, which occurs over a three-year period at the anniversary dates of the date of grant. Compensation expense is generally recognized on a straight-line basis for all awards over the employee’s vesting period or over a one-year required service period for certain retirement-eligible executive level employees. The Company estimates a forfeiture rate at the time of grant and updates the estimate throughout the vesting period of the stock options within the amount of compensation costs recognized in each period.

The Company granted non-qualified options to purchase ~~247~~336 thousand shares and ~~215~~247 thousand shares for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, respectively. The fair value of each option grant was estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions at the date of grant:

Nine Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,


2019

2018


2020

2019

Expected life (in years)

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.5

Risk-free interest rate

2.5
%

2.5
%

1.4
%

2.5
%

Expected volatility

19.7
%

19.8
%

19.8
%

19.7
%

Expected dividend yield

2.7
%

1.8
%

2.9
%

2.7
%

The expected life of options represents the weighted average period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding giving consideration to vesting schedules and the Company’s historical exercise patterns. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the grant date for the period corresponding to the expected life of the options. Expected volatility is based on historical volatilities of the Company’s common stock. Dividend yield is based on current dividend payments at the date of grant.

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Stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019~~2020 was as follows:


Number of Options (in thousands)

Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share

Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)

Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in millions)


Number of Options (in thousands)

Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share

Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)

Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in millions)

Outstanding as of December 31, 2018

2,079

$
80.25

5.51

$
42

Outstanding as of December 31, 2019

2,055

$
84.36

5.30

$
34

Granted

247

91.85

336

88.35

Exercised

(129)

34.09

(93)

45.12

Cancelled

(56)

113.73

(19)

85.75

Outstanding as of September 30, 2019

2,141

$
83.49

5.46

$
22

Exercisable as of September 30, 2019

1,696

$
76.92

4.63

$
22

Outstanding as of September 30, 2020

2,279

$
86.55

5.37

$
12

Exercisable as of September 30, 2020

1,740

$
84.09

4.33

$
12

For the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, cash received from the exercise of stock options was $4$5 million. As of September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, the unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options totaled $3 million, which is expected to be amortized over the weighted-average period of approximately 1.5 years.

Additional information pertaining to stock option activity is as follows:

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

September 30,

September 30,

September 30,

(dollars in millions, except per share)

2019

2018

2019

2018


2020

2019

2020

2019

Weighted average grant date fair value of stock options granted (per share)

$
—

$
—

$
14.02

$
24.01

$
—

$
—

$
11.48

$
14.02

Total intrinsic value of stock options exercised

$
1

$
1

$
7

$
12

$
—

$
1

$
4

$
7

Restricted Stock Units: The Company has granted ~~RSUs~~restricted stock units (“RSUs”) to certain key employees. The RSUs are subject to cliff vesting, generally after three years, provided the employee remains in the service of the Company. Compensation expense is generally recognized on a straight-line basis for all awards over the employee’s vesting period or over a one-year required service period for certain retirement-eligible executive level employees. The Company estimates a forfeiture rate at the time of grant and updates the estimate throughout the vesting period of the RSUs within the amount of compensation costs recognized in each period. The fair value of the RSUs is determined based upon the number of shares granted and the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant.

The following table summarizes RSU activity for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019:~~2020:

(RSUs in thousands)

Number of Restricted Shares

Weighted Average Fair Value per Share


Number of Restricted Shares

Weighted Average Fair Value per Share

Non-vested as of December 31, 2018

344

$
115.06

Non-vested as of December 31, 2019

339

$
108.02

Granted

174

91.28

178

88.10

Vested

(136)

101.40

(92)

117.18

Cancelled

(37)

115.79

(14)

102.71

Non-vested as of September 30, 2019

345

$
108.37

Non-vested as of September 30, 2020

411

$
97.52

As of September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, the total remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to RSUs was ~~$17~~$18 million, which will be amortized over a weighted average period of approximately ~~1.9~~1.8 years.

Performance Shares: The Company has a long-term incentive plan for senior management in the form of performance shares. Historically these performance shares vested based solely on the Company’s total shareholder return as compared to the total shareholder return of its peer group over the three-year vesting period. Beginning with the 2019 performance share grants, the vesting of the performance shares ~~will be~~is based on 2 performance metrics. NaN percent of the performance shares awarded will vest based on the Company’s total shareholder return as compared to the total shareholder return of its peer group, and the remaining 50 percent will vest based on the calculation of the Company’s three-year average Return on Invested Capital (“ROIC”) against an established ROIC target.

For the ~~2019~~2020 performance shares awarded based on the Company’s total shareholder return, the number of shares that ultimately vest can range from 0 to 200 percent of the awarded grant depending on the Company’s total shareholder ~~return as compared to the total shareholder return of its peer group. The share award vesting will be calculated at the end~~

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return as compared to the total shareholder return of its peer group. The share award vesting will be calculated at the end of the three-year period and is subject to approval by management and the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Compensation expense is based on the fair value of the performance shares at the grant date, established using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The total compensation expense for these awards is amortized over a three-year graded vesting schedule.

For the ~~2019~~2020 performance shares awarded based on ROIC, the number of shares that ultimately vest can range from 0 to 200 percent of the awarded grant depending on the Company’s ROIC performance against the target. The share award vesting will be calculated at the end of the three-year period and is subject to approval by management and the Compensation Committee. Compensation expense is based on the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant and the final number of shares that ultimately vest. The Company will estimate the potential share vesting at least annually to adjust the compensation expense for these awards over the vesting period to reflect the Company’s estimated ROIC performance versus the target. The total compensation expense for these awards is amortized over a three-year graded vesting schedule.

For the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, the Company awarded 7081 thousand performance shares at a weighted average fair value of ~~$92.57~~$94.48 per share.

As of September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, the unrecognized compensation cost related to these awards was $5$6 million, which will be amortized over the remaining requisite service period of ~~2.0~~1.9 years.

The ~~2016~~2017 performance share awards vested induring the ~~first quarter of 2019,~~nine months ended September 30, 2020, achieving a 0 percent payout of the granted performance shares. Additionally, there were 3 thousand performance share cancellations during the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019.~~2020.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss: The following is a summary of net changes in Accumulated other comprehensive loss by component and net of tax for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018:~~2019:

(in millions)

Cumulative Translation Adjustment

Deferred (Loss) Gain on Hedging Activities

Pension and Postretirement Adjustment

Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Investment

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Balance, December 31, 2018

$
(1,080)

$
(5)

$
(69)

$
—

$
(1,154)

Other comprehensive loss before reclassification adjustments

(48)

(16)

(2)

—

(66)

Amount reclassified from accumulated OCI

—

3

—

—

3

Tax benefit

—

3

—

—

3

Net other comprehensive loss

(48)

(10)

(2)

—

(60)

Balance, September 30, 2019

$
(1,128)

$
(15)

$
(71)

$
—

$
(1,214)

(in millions)

Cumulative Translation Adjustment

Hedging Activities

Pension and Postretirement Adjustment

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Balance, December 31, 2019

$
(1,089)

$
(9)

$
(60)

$
(1,158)

Other comprehensive (loss) before reclassification adjustments

(105)

(50)

—

(155)

Loss reclassified from accumulated OCI

—

56

—

56

Tax (provision)

—

(2)

—

(2)

Net other comprehensive (loss) income

(105)

4

—

(101)

Balance, September 30, 2020

$
(1,194)

$
(5)

$
(60)

$
(1,259)

(in millions)

Cumulative Translation Adjustment

Deferred (Loss) Gain on Hedging Activities

Pension and Postretirement Adjustment

Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Investment

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Balance, December 31, 2017

$
(951)

$
(13)

$
(51)

$
2

$
(1,013)

Other comprehensive loss before reclassification adjustments

(113)

(1)

(1)

—

(115)

Amount reclassified from accumulated OCI

—

5

—

—

5

Adoption of ASU 2016-01

—

—

—

(2)

(2)

Adoption of ASU 2018-02

—

(2)

(3)

—

(5)

Tax provision

—

(1)

—

—

(1)

Net other comprehensive (loss) income

(113)

1

(4)

(2)

(118)

Balance, September 30, 2018

$
(1,064)

$
(12)

$
(55)

$
—

$
(1,131)

(in millions)

Cumulative Translation Adjustment

Hedging Activities

Pension and Postretirement Adjustment

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Balance, December 31, 2018

$
(1,080)

$
(5)

$
(69)

$
(1,154)

Other comprehensive (loss) before reclassification adjustments

(48)

(16)

(2)

(66)

Loss reclassified from accumulated OCI

—

3

—

3

Tax benefit

—

3

—

3

Net other comprehensive loss

(48)

(10)

(2)

(60)

Balance, September 30, 2019

$
(1,128)

$
(15)

$
(71)

$
(1,214)

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Supplemental Information: The following Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity and Redeemable Equity provide the dividends per share for common stock for the periods presented:

Total Equity

Non-

Total Equity

Share-based

Accumulated

Redeemable
Share-based

Redeemable

Additional

Accumulated Other

Non-

Payments

Additional

Other

Non-

Payments

Non-

Common

Paid-In

Treasury

Comprehensive

Retained

Controlling

Subject to

Preferred

Common

Paid-In

Treasury

Comprehensive

Retained

Controlling

Subject to

Controlling

(in millions)

Stock

Capital

Stock

Loss

Earnings

Interests

Redemption


Stock

Stock

Capital

Stock

Loss

Earnings

Interests

Redemption

Interests

Balance, December 31, 2018

$
1

$
1,096

$
(1,091)

$
(1,154)

$
3,536

$
20

$
37

Balance, December 31, 2019

$
—

$
1

$
1,137

$
(1,040)

$
(1,158)

$
3,780

$
21

$
31

$
—

Net income attributable to Ingredion

100

75

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

2

3

Dividends declared, common stock ($0.625/share)

(42)

Repurchases of common stock

32

31

Dividends declared, common stock ($0.63/share)

(42)

Share-based compensation, net of issuance

9

10

(16)

5

12

(8)

Other comprehensive loss

(6)

(164)

(3)

Balance, March 31, 2019

$
1

$
1,137

$
(1,050)

$
(1,160)

$
3,594

$
22

$
21

Net income attributable to Ingredion

105

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

2

Dividends declared, common stock ($0.625/share)

(43)

Dividends declared, non-controlling interests

(4)

Share-based compensation, net of issuance

1

3

4

Other comprehensive income (loss)

8

(4)

Balance, June 30, 2019

$
1

$
1,138

$
(1,047)

$
(1,152)

$
3,656

$
16

$
25

Balance, March 31, 2020

$
—

$
1

$
1,142

$
(1,028)

$
(1,322)

$
3,813

$
21

$
23

$
—

Net income attributable to Ingredion

99

66

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

3

1

Dividends declared, common stock ($0.63/share)

(42)

(43)

Dividends declared, non-controlling interests

(2)

(3)

Share-based compensation, net of issuance

(1)

3

3

1

1

4

Other comprehensive income

15

1

Balance, June 30, 2020

$
—

$
1

$
1,143

$
(1,027)

$
(1,307)

$
3,836

$
20

$
27

$
—

Net income attributable to Ingredion

92

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

3

(2)

Dividends declared, common stock ($0.64/share)

(44)

Dividends declared, non-controlling interests

(2)

Acquisition of redeemable non-controlling interests

74

Share-based compensation, net of issuance

2

5

Other comprehensive (loss) income

(62)

2

48

2

Balance, September 30, 2019

$
1

$
1,137

$
(1,044)

$
(1,214)

$
3,713

$
19

$
28

Balance, September 30, 2020

$
—

$
1

$
1,145

$
(1,027)

$
(1,259)

$
3,884

$
21

$
32

$
74

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Table of Contents

Total Equity

Share-based

Additional

Accumulated Other

Non-

Payments

Common

Paid-In

Treasury

Comprehensive

Retained

Controlling

Subject to

(in millions)

Stock

Capital

Stock

Loss

Earnings

Interests

Redemption

Balance, December 31, 2017

$
1

$
1,138

$
(494)

$
(1,013)

$
3,259

$
26

$
36

Net income attributable to Ingredion

140

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

3

Dividends declared, common stock ($0.60/share)

(44)

Dividends declared, non-controlling interests

(3)

Share-based compensation, net of issuance

(6)

18

(9)

Other comprehensive income (loss)

41

(2)

Balance, March 31, 2018

$
1

$
1,132

$
(476)

$
(972)

$
3,355

$
24

$
27

Net income attributable to Ingredion

114

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

2

Dividends declared, common stock ($0.60/share)

(44)

Dividends declared, non-controlling interests

(1)

Repurchase of common stock

(141)

Share-based compensation, net of issuance

2

4

Other comprehensive loss

(134)

(2)

Other

(4)

1

(1)

Balance, June 30, 2018

$
1

$
1,128

$
(615)

$
(1,106)

$
3,426

$
22

$
31

Net income attributable to Ingredion

95

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

3

Dividends declared, common stock ($0.625/share)

(43)

Dividends declared, non-controlling interests

(3)

Repurchases of common stock

(36)

Share-based compensation, net of issuance

3

1

1

Other comprehensive loss

(18)

Other

(7)

6

Balance, September 30, 2018

$
1

$
1,131

$
(650)

$
(1,131)

$
3,484

$
22

$
32

Total Equity

Non-

Accumulated

Redeemable
Share-based

Redeemable

Additional

Other

Non-

Payments

Non-

Preferred

Common

Paid-In

Treasury

Comprehensive

Retained

Controlling

Subject to

Controlling

(in millions)

Stock

Stock

Capital

Stock

Loss

Earnings

Interests

Redemption

Interests

Balance, December 31, 2018

$
—

$
1

$
1,096

$
(1,091)

$
(1,154)

$
3,536

$
20

$
37

$
—

Net income attributable to Ingredion

100

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

2

Dividends declared, common stock ($0.625/share)

(42)

Repurchases of common stock

32

31

Share-based compensation, net of issuance

9

10

(16)

Other comprehensive loss

(6)

Balance, March 31, 2019

$
—

$
1

$
1,137

$
(1,050)

$
(1,160)

$
3,594

$
22

$
21

$
—

Net income attributable to Ingredion

105

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

2

Dividends declared, common stock ($0.625/share)

(43)

Dividends declared, non-controlling interests

(4)

Share-based compensation, net of issuance

1

3

4

Other comprehensive income (loss)

8

(4)

Balance, June 30, 2019

$
—

$
1

$
1,138

$
(1,047)

$
(1,152)

$
3,656

$
16

$
25

$
—

Net income attributable to Ingredion

99

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

3

Dividends declared, common stock ($0.63/share)

(42)

Dividends declared, non-controlling interests

(2)

Repurchases of common stock

Share-based compensation, net of issuance

(1)

3

3

Other comprehensive (loss) income

(62)

2

Balance, September 30, 2019

$
—

$
1

$
1,137

$
(1,044)

$
(1,214)

$
3,713

$
19

$
28

$
—

Supplemental Information: The following table provides the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share ("EPS") for the periods presented:



Three Months Ended September 30, 2020

Three Months Ended September 30, 2019

(in millions, except per share amounts)

Net Income Available to Ingredion

Weighted Average Shares

Per Share Amount

Net Income Available to Ingredion

Weighted Average Shares

Per Share Amount

Basic EPS

$
92

67.2

$
1.37

$
99

66.9

$
1.48

Effect of Dilutive Securities:

Incremental shares from assumed exercise of dilutive stock options and vesting of dilutive RSUs and other awards

0.4

0.5

Diluted EPS

$
92

67.6

$
1.36

$
99

67.4

$
1.47

2425

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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019

(in millions, except per share amounts)

Net Income Available to Ingredion

Weighted Average Shares

Per Share Amount

Net Income Available to Ingredion

Weighted Average Shares

Per Share Amount

Basic EPS

$
233

67.2

$
3.47

$
304

66.9

$
4.54

Effect of Dilutive Securities:

Incremental shares from assumed exercise of dilutive stock options and vesting of dilutive RSUs and other awards

0.4

0.5

Diluted EPS

$
233

67.6

$
3.45

$
304

67.4

$
4.51

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 approximately 1.7 million and 1.4 million share-based awards of common stock, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS as the impact of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 approximately 1.4 million and 1.1 million share-based awards of common stock, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS as the impact of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.

~~Supplemental Information:~~ ~~The following table provides the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share ("EPS") for the periods presented:~~



Three Months Ended September 30, 2019

Three Months Ended September 30, 2018

(in millions, except per share amounts)

Net Income Available to Ingredion

Weighted Average Shares

Per Share Amount

Net Income Available to Ingredion

Weighted Average Shares

Per Share Amount

Basic EPS

$
99

66.9

$
1.48

$
95

71.2

$
1.33

Effect of Dilutive Securities:

Incremental shares from assumed exercise of dilutive stock options and vesting of dilutive RSUs and other awards

0.5

0.7

Diluted EPS

$
99

67.4

$
1.47

$
95

71.9

$
1.32



Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018

(in millions, except per share amounts)

Net Income Available to Ingredion

Weighted Average Shares

Per Share Amount

Net Income Available to Ingredion

Weighted Average Shares

Per Share Amount

Basic EPS

$
304

66.9

$
4.54

$
349

71.8

$
4.86

Effect of Dilutive Securities:

Incremental shares from assumed exercise of dilutive stock options and vesting of dilutive RSUs and other awards

0.5

0.9

Diluted EPS

$
304

67.4

$
4.51

$
349

72.7

$
4.80

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, approximately 1.4 million and 1.1 million share-based awards of common stock, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS as the impact of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, approximately 0.6 million and 0.5 million share-based awards of common stock, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS as the impact of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.

13. Segment Information

The Company is principally engaged in the production and sale of starches and sweeteners for a wide range of industries, and is managed geographically on a regional basis. The Company’s operations are classified into 4 reportable business segments: North America, South America, Asia-Pacific, and EMEA. Its North America segment includes businesses in the U.S., ~~Canada~~Mexico, and ~~Mexico.~~Canada. The Company’s South America segment includes businesses in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and the Southern Cone of South America, which includes Argentina, Peru, Chile, ~~Peru~~ and Uruguay. Its Asia-Pacific segment includes businesses in South Korea, Thailand, China, Australia, Japan, Indonesia, Singapore, the Philippines, ~~Singapore,~~India, Malaysia, ~~India, Australia~~New Zealand, and ~~New Zealand.~~Vietnam. The Company’s EMEA segment includes businesses in Pakistan, Germany, the United Kingdom, ~~Pakistan~~South Africa, and ~~South Africa.~~Kenya. The Company ~~does not aggregate its~~has aggregated the PureCircle operating ~~segments when determining its~~segment into the Asia-Pacific reportable ~~segments.~~segment. Net sales by product are not presented because to do so would be impracticable.

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

September 30,

(in millions)

2020

2019

2020

2019

Net sales to unaffiliated customers:

North America

$
928

$
984

$
2,739

$
2,912

South America

224

245

643

699

Asia-Pacific

207

205

583

611

EMEA

143

140

429

438

Total net sales

$
1,502

$
1,574

$
4,394

$
4,660

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

September 30,

(in millions)

2020

2019

2020

2019

Operating income:

North America

$
132

$
145

$
358

$
409

South America

29

27

68

61

Asia-Pacific

18

22

60

65

EMEA

25

24

73

71

Corporate

(25)

(25)

(86)

(69)

Subtotal

179

193

473

537

Restructuring/impairment charges

(16)

(28)

(41)

(41)

Acquisition/integration costs

(5)

—

(8)

(2)

Charge for fair value markup of acquired inventory

(3)

—

(3)

—

North America storm damage

(2)

—

(2)

—

Total operating income

$
153

$
165

$
419

$
494

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Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

September 30,

(in millions)

2019

2018

2019

2018

Net sales to unaffiliated customers:

North America:

Net sales before shipping and handling costs

$
984

$
979

$
2,912

$
2,940

Less: shipping and handling costs

92

90

275

261

Net sales

$
892

$
889

$
2,637

$
2,679

South America:

Net sales before shipping and handling costs

$
245

$
238

$
699

$
743

Less: shipping and handling costs

11

10

32

34

Net sales

$
234

$
228

$
667

$
709

Asia-Pacific:

Net sales before shipping and handling costs

$
205

$
205

$
611

$
617

Less: shipping and handling costs

9

8

26

25

Net sales

$
196

$
197

$
585

$
592

EMEA:

Net sales before shipping and handling costs

$
140

$
141

$
438

$
452

Less: shipping and handling costs

5

5

16

17

Net sales

$
135

$
136

$
422

$
435

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

September 30,

(in millions)

2019

2018

2019

2018

Operating income:

North America

$
145

$
138

$
409

$
431

South America

27

22

61

68

Asia-Pacific

22

25

65

75

EMEA

24

26

71

86

Corporate

(25)

(22)

(69)

(70)

Subtotal

193

189

537

590

Restructuring/impairment charges

(28)

(34)

(41)

(45)

Acquisition/integration costs

—

—

(2)

—

Total operating income

$
165

$
155

$
494

$
545

As of

As of

As of

As of

(in millions)
September 30, 2019

December 31, 2018

September 30, 2020

December 31, 2019

Total assets:

Assets:

North America (a)
$
4,076

$
3,737

$
4,072

$
3,924

South America

711

711

676

774

Asia-Pacific

829

792

1,193

843

EMEA

479

488

523

499

Total
$
6,095

$
5,728
Total assets

$
6,464

$
6,040

(a) For purposes of presentation, North America includes Corporate assets.

14. Subsequent Event

In 2018, the Company entered into an equity method investment with Verdient Foods, Inc. (“Verdient”) by acquiring 20% of its outstanding shares. Verdient is a Canada-based producer of pulse-based protein concentrates and flours from peas, lentils and fava beans for human food applications. On November 3, 2020, the Company acquired the remaining 80% of the outstanding shares of Verdient not owned by the Company. To complete the closing, the Company made a total cash payment of CAD $33 million, which it funded from cash on hand.

As a result of the agreed upon price to acquire the remaining shares of Verdient, the Company recognized an other-than-temporary impairment of $10 million on its previously held 20% interest, which is included in Restructuring/impairment charges in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020.

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ITEM 2
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Unless the context indicates otherwise, references to “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company” and “Ingredion” mean Ingredion Incorporated and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Overview

We are a major supplier of high-quality food and industrial ingredient solutions to customers around the world. WeAs of September 30, 2020, we have 46 manufacturing plants located in North America, South America, Asia-Pacific and Europe, the Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”), and we manage and operate our businesses at a regional level. We believe this approach provides us with a unique understanding of the cultures and product requirements in each of the geographic markets in which we operate, bringing added value to our customers. Our ingredients are used by customers in the food, beverage, brewing, and animal nutrition industries, among others.

Our ~~new~~ strategic growth roadmap is based on ~~the following~~ five growth platforms and is designed to deliver shareholder value by accelerating customer co-creation and enabling consumer-preferred innovation. Our first platform is starch-based texturizers, the second platform is clean and simple ingredients, the third platform is plant-based proteins, the fourth platform is sugar reduction and specialty sweeteners, and finally, our fifth platform is value-added food systems.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, operating income, net income and diluted earnings per share ~~increased~~decreased from the comparable ~~2018~~2019 period. The decreases for the respective periods were attributable primarily to reductions in volumes driven by government mandated shutdowns associated with coronavirus 19 (“COVID-19”), particularly in the Americas, increased restructuring/impairment costs primarily associated with our Cost Smart program, and the results of the acquired operations of PureCircle.

COVID-19: Our ~~increase~~operations in ~~earnings for~~recent periods have been adversely affected by impacts of COVID-19. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic, and on March 13, 2020 the United States declared a national emergency with respect to COVID-19. Our global operations expose us to risks associated with public health crises, including pandemics such as COVID-19. Foreign governmental organizations and governmental organizations at the national, state and local levels in the United States have taken various actions to combat the spread of COVID-19, including imposing stay-at-home orders and closing “non-essential” businesses and their operations. As a manufacturer of food ingredients, our operations are considered “essential” under most current COVID-19 government regulations, and our facilities are operating globally. We did not experience any material supply chain interruptions during the three months ended September 30, ~~2019, was attributable~~2020, and were able to ~~improved price/mix~~continue to operate and ~~specialty volume, partially offset by foreign exchange impacts~~ship products from our global network of plants. We place top priority on our employees’ health and ~~higher raw material costs.~~safety and continue to follow the advice and the guidelines of public health authorities for physical distancing and to make available personal protective equipment and sanitization supplies.

The Company anticipates continued impacts from COVID-19 on net sales volume across our operating segments in the fourth quarter, with recovery in net sales generally correlated with increased consumer activity. With pandemic case rates rising and falling across many geographies, we expect away-from-home consumption to continue to fluctuate, suppressing volume demand for ingredients that are formulated in food and beverages consumed away-from-home. We anticipate modestly higher demand for food consumed in home, increasing volumes for ingredients that are part of the recipes for these meals.

Restructuring and Impairment Costs: For the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, we recorded ~~$28~~a total of $16 million and $41 million of pre-tax restructuring and impairment charges, respectively. ~~Pre-tax restructuring charges of $14 million and $23 million were recorded for~~For the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2019, respectively, for the Cost Smart SG&A program. These costs include $8~~2020, we recorded $2 million and $11 million, of other costs, including professional services, and $6 million and $12 million of employee-related severance for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. These charges were recorded primarily in our North America and South America operations, and include $1 million and $2 million of other costs associated with the Finance Transformation initiative in Latin America for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. We expect to continue to incur additional charges during the year related to the Cost Smart SG&A program, however, we do not expect to incur any additional restructuring costs related to the Finance Transformation initiative.

~~Additionally, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, we recorded $14 million and $18~~$17 million, respectively, of pre-tax restructuring charges for ~~the~~our Cost Smart cost of sales program. During the three months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, we recorded $6$1 million of other restructuring costs in relation to the closure of the Lane Cove, Australia production facility and $1 million of other costs related to the closure of the Stockton, California production facility. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recorded $10 million of restructuring charges in relation to the closure of the Lane Cove, Australia production facility, ~~consisting~~$6 million related to the closure of the Stockton, California production facility and $1 million of other restructuring costs. The Lane Cove, Australia restructuring costs consist of $6 million of asset write-offs, $3 million of other costs, and $1 million of accelerated depreciation. The Stockton, California restructuring costs consist of $4 million of accelerated

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depreciation, $1 million of employee-related severance, and $2$1 million of ~~accelerated depreciation.~~other costs. We expect to incur ~~an additional $10~~$1 million of additional restructuring costs during the remainder of ~~2019 and between $10 million and $12 million in~~ 2020 ~~in relation to the closure. Additionally, during the three months ended September 30, 2019, we recorded $4 million of employee-related expenses primarily~~ related to the ~~South America operations restructuring. Finally,~~Lane Cove production facility closure.

Additionally, we recorded pre-tax restructuring charges of $4 million and $8$14 million ~~of other costs, including professional services,~~ during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, respectively, for our Cost Smart selling, general and administrative expense (“SG&A”) program. During the three months ended September 30, 2020, we recorded $4 million of pre-tax restructuring charges, consisting primarily of other costs, including professional services, in North America. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recorded pre-tax restructuring costs of $14 million primarily in North America, ~~including~~consisting of $12 million of other costs, ofincluding professional services, and $2 million ~~in relation to the prior year cessation~~ of ~~wet-milling at the Stockton, California plant. We do not expect to incur any additional costs in relation to the cessation of wet-milling at the Stockton, California plant.~~employee-related severance.

We also recognized an other-than-temporary impairment of $10 million on our equity method investment in Verdient Foods Inc. during the three months ended September 30, 2020. The other-than-temporary impairment was triggered by the decrease in the fair value of our investment, determined by the agreed upon price for our acquisition of the remaining 80% interest in Verdient Foods Inc.

Storm Damage Costs: During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, we incurred storm damage to the Cedar Rapids, Iowa manufacturing facility. The facility was shut down for 10 days, and the storm related damage resulted in $2 million of charges during the three months ended September 30, 2020. We recorded the storm damage costs within Other expense (income), net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income included in this report.

Liquidity and Capital Resources: Our cash provided by operating activities ~~decreased~~increased to ~~$490~~$562 million for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, from ~~$579~~$490 million in the ~~year-earlier period, primarily~~prior year, driven by our ~~decrease in earnings and~~ changes in working ~~capital.~~capital, partially offset by lower net income. Our cash ~~used for~~provided by financing activities was ~~$86~~$202 million during the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, compared to ~~$497~~cash used by financing activities of $86 million in the ~~year-earlier period.~~prior year. This ~~decrease~~increase was mainly driven by ~~a reduction in repurchases~~higher net borrowings during the period, including our issuance and sale of ~~common stock and lower net~~$1.0 billion of senior notes. The impact of these factors was partially offset by payments on ~~debt.~~

~~As previously announced on October 12, 2019, we detected suspicious activity affecting several servers within certain data centers on~~outstanding debt, including payment in full of $394 million of borrowings under our ~~network. Immediately, we took steps to identify~~Revolving Credit Facility and ~~contain the situation, which included~~

~~engaging a third-party consultant, to take appropriate action to restore the affected servers to bring them back online. As~~early redemption of ~~the date~~$400 million of ~~this report, we are not aware of any evidence that any customer, supplier, or employee data has been improperly accessed, misused or transferred by any third party. Certain transactions with~~ our customers or suppliers may be delayed as we restore the affected servers. We continue to assess the overall potential impact of the incident; however, we are presently not aware of any impact to our financial reporting systems and do not anticipate any material impact to our Key Financial Performance Metrics. We expect to incur costs, which we do not believe will be material, to assess the immediate impact of the incident, to address remediation efforts and to implement additional preventative measures. At this time, we continue to assess the overall control and financial impact of the incident.

Looking ahead in North America, operating income is expected to be down assuming current market conditions for corn and co-products, which have been negatively impacted by late crop plantings and delayed harvest in the U.S. and continued crop inventory imbalances arising from the U.S./China trade dispute; South America operating income is expected to be down4.625% senior notes due to the impact of macroeconomic uncertainty; Asia-Pacific operating income is expected to be down driven by foreign currency weakness, increased input costs and anticipated slower customer demand and intensified competitive pressure on price/mix; EMEA operating income is expected to be down due to foreign exchange, higher raw material cost and postponement of Brexit.November 1, 2020.

Results of Operations

We have significant operations in four reporting segments: North America, South America, Asia-Pacific and EMEA. For most of our foreign subsidiaries, the local foreign currency is the functional currency. Accordingly, revenues and expenses denominated in the functional currencies of these subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at the applicable average exchange rates for the period. Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates affect the U.S. dollar amounts of our foreign subsidiaries’ revenues and expenses. The impact of foreign currency translation to the reporting currency, where significant, is provided below.

We acquired PureCircle Limited (“PureCircle”) on July 1, 2020 and acquired Western Polymer LLC (“Western Polymer”) on March 1, 2019. The results of the acquired businesses are included in our consolidated financial results from the respective acquisition dates and affect the comparability of our results of operations discussed below.

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For the Three Months Ended September 30, ~~2019~~2020

With Comparatives for the Three Months Ended September 30, ~~2018~~2019


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Favorable (Unfavorable)		Favorable (Unfavorable)		Three Months Ended September 30,				Favorable (Unfavorable)		Favorable (Unfavorable)
(in millions)	2019		2018		Variance		Percentage		2020		2019		Variance		Percentage
Net sales	$	1,457	$	1,450	$	7	—	%	$	1,502	$	1,574	$	(72)	(5)	%
Cost of sales		1,113		1,116		3	—	%		1,176		1,230		54	4	%
Gross profit		344		334		10	3	%		326		344		(18)	(5)	%

Operating expenses		153		148		(5)	(3)	%		155		153		(2)	(1)	%
Other income, net		(2)		(3)		(1)	(33)	%
Other expense (income), net										2		(2)		(4)	200	%
Restructuring/impairment charges		28		34		6	18	%		16		28		12	43	%

Operating income		165		155		10	6	%		153		165		(12)	(7)	%

Financing costs, net		24		24		—	—	%		22		24		2	8	%
Other, non-operating expense/(income), net		1		(1)		(2)	(200)	%		(2)		1		3	300	%

Income before income taxes		140		132		8	6	%		133		140		(7)	(5)	%
Provision for income taxes		38		34		(4)	(12)	%		40		38		(2)	(5)	%
Net income		102		98		4	4	%		93		102		(9)	(9)	%
Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests		3		3		—	—	%		1		3		2	67	%
Net income attributable to Ingredion	$	99	$	95	$	4	4	%	$	92	$	99	$	(7)	(7)	%

Net income attributable to Ingredion. Net income attributable to Ingredion for the three months ended September 30, ~~2019, increased~~2020 decreased by 47 percent to ~~$99~~$92 million from ~~$95~~$99 million for the three months ended September 30, ~~2018.~~

~~Results for~~2019. The decrease in net income was largely attributable to lower sales volumes in North America, the ~~third quarter~~other-than temporary impairment of ~~2019 include after-tax costs~~our equity method investment in Verdient Foods Inc., and the inclusion of ~~$22 million of~~PureCircle’s results. These were partly offset by reduced restructuring costs primarily associated with our Cost Smart cost of sales and SG&A programs and $2 million of other tax matters related to tax settlements and reversals of penalties for tax reserves. Results for the third quarter of 2018 include after-tax costs of $27 million of restructuring costs primarily associated with our Cost Smart SG&A and cost of sales programs and Finance Transformation initiative, $2 million of incremental expense for adjustments to provisional amounts relatedcompared to the ~~Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, and $2 million of interest penalty associated with the final tax settlement between the U.S. and Canada.~~prior comparable period.

Net sales. ~~Our net~~Net sales were down $72 million or 5% for the ~~third quarter of 2019 of $1.5 billion increased by $7 million~~three months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to the three months ended September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. The ~~increase~~decrease was driven by ~~improved price/product mix~~foreign exchange impacts in South America and ~~volume growth, which were partially offset by foreign currency impacts.~~ sales volumes declines in North America.

Cost of sales. Cost of sales ~~was $1.1 billion~~ for the three months ended September 30, ~~2019 and 2018.~~2020 declined by $54 million or 4% compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019. Our gross profit margin ~~was 24~~remained flat at 22 percent for the three months ended September 30, ~~2019, up from 23~~2020 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019.

Operating expenses. Our operating expenses increased 1 percent to $155 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to $153 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was primarily driven by transaction costs associated with our acquisition and integration of PureCircle, which were partly offset by reduced travel costs and Cost Smart program savings. Operating expenses, as a percentage of net sales, was 10 percent for the three months ended September 30, ~~2018. Gross profit margin improved primarily due to favorable price/product mix, which was partially offset by unfavorable foreign currency impacts~~2020 and ~~higher raw material costs.~~

~~Operating expenses.~~ Operating expenses for the third quarter of 2019 increased to $153 million from $148 million last year. This increase was primarily driven by increased other costs, including professional services, partly offset by Cost Smart SG&A cost reduction initiatives. Operating expenses, as a percentage of net sales for the three months ended September 30, ~~2019 increased to 11 percent from 10 percent last year.~~2019.

Financing costs, net. Financing costs for the three months ended September 30, ~~2019, remained flat at~~2020 decreased to $22 million from $24 million ~~compared to~~for the three months ended September 30, ~~2018, as the impact of Argentina highly inflationary accounting offset the benefit of lapping prior year foreign exchange losses.~~2019. The decrease was driven by lower net interest costs on long-term debt.

Provision for income taxes. Our effective ~~income~~ tax rate for the ~~third quarter of 2019 increased~~three months ended September 30, 2020 was 30.1 percent compared to 27.1 percent ~~from 25.8 percent a year ago.~~for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in the effective income tax rate was ~~primarily~~ driven by one-time items in the ~~devaluation~~quarter over quarter results, a change in the mix of earnings including the consolidation of PureCircle, and a valuation allowance on U.S. foreign tax credits. These items were partially offset by a reduction in the Company’s U.S. global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) based on newly issued final U.S. Treasury regulations relating thereto, an increase in the valuation of the Mexican peso ~~impacting~~against the U.S. ~~dollar-denominated balances~~dollar and utilization of net operating

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losses for which a benefit had not previously been recognized compared to a valuation allowance recorded in ~~Mexico, taxable gain related to highly inflationary accounting in Argentina and issuance by~~ the Treasury Department of final global intangibles low-taxed income regulations under the 2017 tax reform act. This was partially offset by prior-year provision adjustments, change in mix of earnings and other individually insignificant factors.2019 period.

Segment Results

North America

Three Months Ended September 30,

Favorable (Unfavorable)

Favorable (Unfavorable)

(in millions)

2019

2018

Variance

Percentage

Net sales to unaffiliated customers

$
892

$
889

$
3

—
%
Operating income

145

138

7

5
%

Three Months Ended September 30,

Favorable (Unfavorable)

Favorable (Unfavorable)

(in millions)

2020

2019

Variance

Percentage

Net sales to unaffiliated customers

$
928

$
984

$
(56)

(6)
%
Operating income

132

145

(13)

(9)
%

Net sales.Our ~~increase~~decrease in net sales of ~~$3 million~~6 percent for the three months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to the three months ended September 30, ~~2018,~~2019, was ~~mainly~~ driven by ~~improved price/product mix, partially offset by lower volume.~~a 3 percent reduction in volume and 3 percent reduction in price mix.

Operating income. Our ~~increase in~~ operating income ~~of $7~~decreased by $13 million for the three months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to the three months ended September 30, ~~2018,~~2019. The decrease was driven by ~~improved price/product~~lower volumes as COVID-19 continued to impact away-from-home consumption across the region, and by unfavorable mix in the U.S. and ~~benefits from the Cost Smart savings program, partially offset by higher net corn costs.~~Canada.

South America

Three Months Ended September 30,

Favorable (Unfavorable)

Favorable (Unfavorable)

(in millions)

2019

2018

Variance

Percentage

Net sales to unaffiliated customers

$
234

$
228

$
6

3
%
Operating income

27

22

5

23
%

Three Months Ended September 30,

Favorable (Unfavorable)

Favorable (Unfavorable)

(in millions)

2020

2019

Variance

Percentage

Net sales to unaffiliated customers

$
224

$
245

$
(21)

(9)
%
Operating income

29

27

2

7
%

Net sales.Our ~~increase in~~ net sales ~~of 3~~decreased 9 percent for the three months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to the three months ended September 30, ~~2018, was~~2019, primarily ~~driven by a 13~~due to an 16 percent ~~favorable~~unfavorable foreign exchange impact ~~from price/product mix~~ and a 53 percent ~~increase~~reduction in ~~volume. This was~~volume, partly offset by ~~unfavorable foreign exchange impacts~~favorable price mix of 1510 percent.

Operating income. Our increase in operating income of $5$2 million for the three months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to the three months ended September 30, ~~2018,~~2019, was ~~attributable to favorable pricing actions, volume, and benefits of the Cost Smart programs partly~~driven by strong price mix, which was partially offset by unfavorable foreign ~~exchange impacts.~~currency impacts and lower sales volumes.

Asia-Pacific

Three Months Ended September 30,

Favorable (Unfavorable)

Favorable (Unfavorable)

(in millions)

2019

2018

Variance

Percentage

Net sales to unaffiliated customers

$
196

$
197

$
(1)

(1)
%
Operating income

22

25

(3)

(12)
%

Three Months Ended September 30,

Favorable (Unfavorable)

Favorable (Unfavorable)

(in millions)

2020

2019

Variance

Percentage

Net sales to unaffiliated customers

$
207

$
205

$
2

1
%
Operating income

18

22

(4)

(18)
%

Net sales.Our ~~decrease in~~ net sales ~~of 1 percent~~increased $2 million for the three months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to the three months ended September 30, ~~2018,~~2019. The increase was primarily ~~driven by unfavorable price/product mix~~due to the inclusion of ~~3 percent and unfavorable exchange impacts~~PureCircle results in the 2020 period, the effect of ~~1 percent. This~~which was partly offset by ~~favorable volumes of 3 percent.~~unfavorable price mix.

Operating income. Our ~~decrease in~~ operating income ~~of $3~~decreased by $4 million for the three months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to the three months ended September 30, ~~2018,~~2019. The decrease was driven by ~~increased~~the $5 million of operating ~~costs~~losses of PureCircle recorded in ~~Australia and~~ the ~~continuing impact~~2020 period.

Table of ~~trade disputes, which have increased input costs and intensified competitive pressure on price/product mix.~~Contents

EMEA

Three Months Ended September 30,

Favorable (Unfavorable)

Favorable (Unfavorable)

(in millions)

2019

2018

Variance

Percentage

Net sales to unaffiliated customers

$
135

$
136

$
(1)

(1)
%
Operating income

24

26

(2)

(8)
%

Three Months Ended September 30,

Favorable (Unfavorable)

Favorable (Unfavorable)

(in millions)

2020

2019

Variance

Percentage

Net sales to unaffiliated customers

$
143

$
140

$
3

2
%
Operating income

25

24

1

4
%

Net sales.Our ~~decrease in~~ net sales ~~of 1~~increased by 2 percent for the three months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to the three months ended September 30, ~~2018, was~~2019, primarily driven by ~~unfavorable foreign exchange impacts of 12 percent, partly offset by a 10 percent increase in price/product~~favorable price mix and a 1 percent increase in volume.

Operating income. Our ~~decrease in~~ operating income ~~of $2~~increased $1 million for the three months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to the ~~three months ended~~ September 30, ~~2018,~~2019. The increase was ~~due~~largely attributable to ~~higher corn costs~~favorable price mix in Pakistan and ~~unfavorable foreign exchange impacts partially offset by strong pricing actions.~~lower operating expenses in Europe.

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, ~~2019~~2020

With Comparatives for the Nine Months Ended September 30, ~~2018~~2019


	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Favorable (Unfavorable)		Favorable (Unfavorable)		Nine Months Ended September 30,				Favorable (Unfavorable)		Favorable (Unfavorable)
(in millions)	2019		2018		Variance		Percentage		2020		2019		Variance		Percentage
Net sales	$	4,311	$	4,415	$	(104)	(2)	%	$	4,394	$	4,660	$	(266)	(6)	%
Cost of sales		3,322		3,367		45	1	%		3,474		3,671		197	5	%
Gross profit		989		1,048		(59)	(6)	%		920		989		(69)	(7)	%

Operating expenses		457		465		8	2	%		456		457		1	—	%
Other income, net		(3)		(7)		(4)	(57)	%
Other expense (income), net										4		(3)		(7)	(233)	%
Restructuring/impairment charges		41		45		4	9	%		41		41		—	—	%

Operating income		494		545		(51)	(9)	%		419		494		(75)	(15)	%

Financing costs, net		62		65		3	5	%		59		62		3	5	%
Other, non-operating expense/(income), net		1		(3)		(4)	(133)	%		(3)		1		4	400	%

Income before income taxes		431		483		(52)	(11)	%		363		431		(68)	(16)	%
Provision for income taxes		120		126		6	5	%		125		120		(5)	(4)	%
Net income		311		357		(46)	(13)	%		238		311		(73)	(23)	%
Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests		7		8		1	13	%		5		7		2	29	%
Net income attributable to Ingredion	$	304	$	349	$	(45)	(13)	%	$	233	$	304	$	(71)	(23)	%

Net income attributable to Ingredion. Net income attributable to Ingredion for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020 decreased by 1323 percent to ~~$304~~$233 million from ~~$349~~$304 million for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2018.~~

~~Our results for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 include after-tax restructuring charges of $32 million~~2019. The decrease in net income was primarily ~~associated with our Cost Smart cost of sales and SG&A programs and $1 million of acquisition/integration costs related~~due to the acquisition and integration of the business acquired from Western Polymer, LLC, and $2 million of other tax matters related to tax settlements and reversals of penalties for tax reserves. Results for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 include after-tax restructuring charges of $35 million consisting primarily of net restructuringdecreases in volumes associated with the ~~Cost Smart cost~~effects of ~~sales~~COVID-19, unfavorable impacts of foreign exchange, the other-than temporary impairment of our equity method investment in Verdient Foods Inc., and ~~SG&A programs, other~~the inclusion of the results of PureCircle. These were partly offset by reduced restructuring costs ~~related~~compared to ~~our North America finance transformation, and our leaf extraction process in Brazil.~~the prior comparable period.

Net sales. ~~Our decrease in net~~Net sales ~~of 2~~decreased by 6 percent for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, ~~2018, was~~2019, primarily driven by ~~unfavorable~~sales volumes declines in North America and foreign ~~currency~~exchange impacts ~~and planned Stockton HFCS and industrial starch volume shed. This was partly offset by favorable price/product mix due to pricing actions,~~in South America.

Cost of sales. Cost of sales for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020 decreased by 5 percent as compared to ~~$3.3 billion from $3.4 billion for~~ the nine months ended September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. Our gross profit margin ~~was 23~~remained flat at 21 percent for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019, down from 24 percent~~2020 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, ~~2018. The gross profit margin decreased primarily due to unfavorable foreign exchange impacts and higher raw material and production costs, partially offset by improved price/mix.~~2019.

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Operating expenses. Our operating expenses ~~decreased 2 percent to $457 million~~remained flat for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020 as compared to ~~$465 million for~~ the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The decrease was primarily driven by favorable expenses as a result of Cost Smart SG&A cost reduction initiatives and by the impact of foreign exchange impacts on operating expenses partly offset by other expenses, including professional services.2019. Operating expenses, as a percentage of net sales, were ~~flat at 11~~10 percent for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018.~~the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Financing costs, net. Financing costs for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020 decreased to ~~$62~~$59 million from ~~$65~~$62 million for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2018,~~2019 primarily due to ~~the benefit of lapping prior year foreign-exchange~~lower interest costs associated with long-term debt, partially offset by ~~losses attributable to the impact of Argentina highly inflationary accounting.~~foreign exchange impacts.

Provision for income taxes. ~~The~~ Our effective ~~income~~ tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020 was ~~27.8~~34.4 percent compared to ~~26.1~~27.8 percent ~~a year ago.~~for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in the effective ~~income~~ tax rate was driven by a ~~reduced excess tax benefit related to share-based payment awards~~decrease in the valuation of the Mexican peso against the U.S. dollar, one-time items in the quarter over quarter results, a change in the mix of earnings including the consolidation of PureCircle, and a ~~taxable gain related to highly inflationary accounting in Argentina,~~valuation allowance on U.S. foreign tax credits. These items were partially offset by ~~other individually insignificant factors.~~a reduction in the Company’s GILTI based on newly issued final U.S. Treasury regulations relating thereto and utilization of net operating losses for which a benefit had not previously been recognized compared to a valuation allowance recorded in the 2019 period.

Segment Results

North America

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Net sales. Our net sales decreased 15 percent for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, ~~2018,~~2019. The decrease was primarily driven by unfavorable foreign exchange impacts and volume and price mix impacts of 32 percent each, the effects of which were partially offset by a 21 percent ~~improvement~~increase due to the inclusion of PureCircle results in ~~price/product mix.~~the 2020 period.

Operating income. Our operating income decreased ~~$10~~by $5 million for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, ~~2018. Specialty volume growth and improved price/mix were more than offset~~2019. The decrease was driven by ~~higher regional input costs, foreign exchange impacts, and increased~~the $5 million of operating ~~costs~~of losses of PureCircle recorded in ~~Australia.~~the 2020 period.

EMEA

Nine Months Ended September 30,

Favorable (Unfavorable)

Favorable (Unfavorable)

(in millions)

2019

2018

Variance

Percentage

Net sales to unaffiliated customers

$
422

$
435

$
(13)

(3)
%
Operating income

71

86

(15)

(17)
%

Nine Months Ended September 30,

Favorable (Unfavorable)

Favorable (Unfavorable)

(in millions)

2020

2019

Variance

Percentage

Net sales to unaffiliated customers

$
429

$
438

$
(9)

(2)
%
Operating income

73

71

2

3
%

Net sales. Our net sales decreased 32 percent for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. The decrease was ~~primarily due to~~driven by unfavorable foreign exchange impacts of 134 percent, partially offset by ~~an increase in price/product~~favorable price mix of ~~7 percent and volume growth of 3~~2 percent.

Operating income. Our operating income ~~decreased $15~~increased $2 million for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, ~~2018, due~~2019. The increase was largely attributable to ~~unfavorable foreign exchange impacts, driven primarily by the~~ Pakistan ~~rupee,~~pricing actions and ~~higher raw material costs were~~solid EMEA specialty sales volume, and lower operating expense in Europe, partially offset by ~~specialty~~the impacts of stay-at-home orders on Pakistan production and sales volume ~~growth~~in the first half of the year, and ~~improved price/product mix.~~by negative foreign currency impacts.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019~~2020 was ~~$490~~$562 million, as compared to ~~$579~~$490 million for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. The ~~decrease~~increase in operating cash flow was primarily ~~reflects a decrease in~~driven by our ~~net income and the~~ changes ~~in our working capital. The year-to-date change~~ in working capital, ~~includes a benefit of an overpayment of $77 million received~~partially offset by the Company on September 30, 2019 by the transacting bank on a currency hedge. The transacting bank settled the currency hedge gross and remitted payment to the Company for the full notional value of the hedge instead of settlinglower net with the Company and the counter-party. The impact resulted in an increase to our cash provided from Accounts payable and accrued liabilities. On October 1, 2019 the Company immediately settled with the counter-party by remitting the overpayment. This cash outflow on October 1, 2019 will impact our fourth quarter cash provided by operating activities.

income. Capital expenditures and mechanical stores purchases ~~of $231~~were $250 million for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019 are in line with our capital spending plan for the year. We anticipate that our capital expenditures and mechanical stores purchases will be approximately $335 million to $355 million for 2019.~~2020.

As of ~~December 31, 2018, we had total debt outstanding of $2.1 billion. As of~~ September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, our total debt consists of the following:

(in millions)






3.2% senior notes due October 1, 2026

$
497

4.625% senior notes due November 1, 2020

400

2.900% senior notes due June 1, 2030

$
594

3.200% senior notes due October 1, 2026

497

3.900% senior notes due June 1, 2050

390

6.625% senior notes due April 15, 2037

253

253

5.62% senior notes due March 25, 2020

200

Term loan credit agreement due April 12, 2021

500

380

Revolving credit facility

149

—

Other long-term borrowings

1

Fair value adjustment related to hedged fixed rate debt instruments

2

—

Long-term debt

2,001

2,115

Short-term borrowings

81

62

Total debt

$
2,082

$
2,177

~~On April 12, 2019,~~During the three months ended March 31, 2020, we ~~amended and restated~~used proceeds from the Term Loan Credit Agreement set to mature on April 25, 2019 (“Term Loan”) of $165 million to establish a 24-month senior unsecured term loan credit facility (“Amended Term Loan”) in an amount up to $500 million that matures on April 12, 2021. We used the $500 million to pay down our revolving credit facility (“Revolving Credit Facility”) to refinance $200 million of our 5.62% senior notes due March 25, 2020.

During the three months ended June 30, 2020, we sold our (i) 2.900% senior notes due 2030 in the principal amount of $600 million (the “2030 Notes”) and (ii) 3.900% senior notes due 2050 in the principal amount of $400 million (the “2050 Notes” and, together with the “2030 Notes,” the “Notes”). We recorded the aggregate discount of approximately $7 million at which the Notes were issued and capitalized debt issuance costs of approximately $9 million associated with the Notes.

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During the three months ended June 30, 2020, we applied the net proceeds from the sale of the Notes to pay ~~off~~in full the ~~Term Loan balance. As~~outstanding balance of ~~September 30, 2019, there were borrowings of $500~~$394 million ~~outstanding under the Amended Term Loan and borrowings of $149 million outstanding~~ under the Revolving Credit ~~Facility.~~Facility and to set aside funds to repay our 4.625% senior notes due November 1, 2020 (the “2020 Notes”). On June 8, 2020, we issued a notice for the redemption in full of the $400 million principal amount of the 2020 Notes. The 2020 Notes were redeemed on July 9, 2020 for a total redemption price of $409 million, including $4 million of accrued interest and a $5 million “make-whole” premium as set forth in the indenture. These costs are recorded in Financing Costs, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income included in this report.

~~Our~~The Company’s long-term debt as of September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, includes the ~~5.62% senior notes~~term loan credit agreement due ~~March 25, 2020,~~April 12, 2021, as ~~we have~~the Company has the ability and intent to refinance ~~such senior notes~~it on a long-term basis using our Revolving Credit Facility or other ~~sources~~means prior to the maturity date. In

As of September 30, 2020, in addition to the approximately ~~$850 million~~$1.0 billion of borrowings availability under the Revolving Credit Facility, we have approximately ~~$565~~$723 million of unused operating lines of credit in the various foreign

countries in which we operate. We are required under our credit facilities not to exceed a maximum leverage ratio and to maintain a minimum interest coverage ratio. As of September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, we were in compliance with both of these financial covenants.

The weighted average interest rate on our total indebtedness was approximately 3.4 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to 4.4 percent for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2019, compared to 4.8 percent in the nine months ended September 30, 2018.~~2019.

On September ~~18, 2019,~~16, 2020, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of ~~$0.63~~$0.64 per share of common stock. This dividend was paid on October ~~25, 2019,~~26, 2020, to stockholders of record at the close of business on October 1, ~~2019.~~

We currently expect that our available cash balances, future cash flow from operations, access to debt markets, and borrowing capacity under our credit facilities will provide us with sufficient liquidity to fund our anticipated capital expenditures, dividends and other investing and financing activities for the foreseeable future.2020.

We have not provided foreign withholding taxes, state income taxes, and federal and state taxes or foreign currency gains/losses on accumulated undistributed earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries because these earnings are considered to be permanently reinvested. It is not practicable to determine the amount of the unrecognized deferred tax liability related to the undistributed earnings. We do not anticipate the need to repatriate funds to the U.S. to satisfy domestic liquidity needs arising in the ordinary course of business, including liquidity needs associated with our domestic debt service requirements. Approximately ~~$342~~$349 million of the total ~~$443~~$553 million of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments at September 30, ~~2019~~2020 was held by our operations outside of the U.S.

We expect that available cash balances and ~~credit facilities in~~borrowings expected to be available under the ~~U.S., along~~Revolving Credit Facility, together with cash generated from operations and our access to debt markets, will be sufficient to meet our operating and other cash needs for at least the ~~foreseeable future.~~next twelve months.

Hedging and Financial Risk

Hedging: We are exposed to market risk stemming from changes in commodity prices (primarily corn and natural gas), foreign-currency exchange rates, and interest rates. In the normal course of business, we actively manage our exposure to these market risks by entering into various hedging transactions, authorized under established policies that place ~~clear~~ controls on these activities. These transactions utilize exchange-traded derivatives or over-the-counter derivatives with investment grade counterparties. Our hedging transactions may include, but are not limited to, a variety of derivative financial instruments such as commodity-related futures, options and swap contracts, forward currency-related contracts and options, interest rate swap agreements, and Treasury lock agreements (“T-Locks”). See Note 6 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this report for additional information.

Commodity Price Risk: Our principal use of derivative financial instruments is to manage commodity price risk in North America relating to anticipated purchases of corn and natural gas to be used in our manufacturing process. We periodically enter into futures, options and swap contracts for a portion of our anticipated corn and natural gas usage, generally over the following 12 to 24 months, in order to hedge price risk associated with fluctuations in market prices. We also enter into futures contracts to hedge price risk associated with fluctuations in the market price of ethanol. We are unable to directly hedge price risk related to co-product sales; however, we occasionally enter into hedges of soybean oil (a competing product to our corn oil) in order to mitigate the price risk of corn oil sales. Unrealized gains and losses associated with marking our commodities-based cash flow hedge derivative instruments to market are recorded as a component of other comprehensive income (“OCI”). As of September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, our ~~accumulated~~Accumulated other comprehensive ~~income~~loss account (“AOCI”) included ~~$17~~$2 million of net ~~losses~~gains (net of ~~income tax benefit~~an insignificant amount of ~~$6 million)~~taxes) related to these derivative instruments. It is anticipated that ~~$14~~$1 million of net losses (net of ~~income tax benefit~~an insignificant amount of ~~$5 million)~~taxes) will be reclassified into earnings during the next 12 months. We expect the net losses to be offset by ~~changes in the~~lower underlying commodities costs.

3435

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Foreign-Currency Exchange Risk: Due to our global operations, including operations in many emerging markets, we are exposed to fluctuations in foreign-currency exchange rates. As a result, we have exposure to translational foreign-exchange risk when our foreign operations’ results are translated to U.S. dollars and to transactional foreign-exchange risk when transactions not denominated in the functional currency of the operating unit are ~~revalued.~~revalued into U.S. dollars. We primarily use derivative financial instruments such as foreign-currency forward contracts, swaps and options to manage our foreign currency transactional exchange risk. We enter into foreign-currency derivative instruments that are designated as both cash flow hedging instruments as well as instruments not designated as hedging instruments as defined by Accounting Standards Codification 815,~~ASC 815,~~ Derivatives and Hedging. As of September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, we had ~~foreign-currency forward sales contracts with an aggregate notional amount of $599 million and~~ foreign currency ~~forward purchase contracts with an aggregate notional amount of $182 million~~derivatives not designated as hedging ~~instruments.~~instruments hedging certain asset and liability positions with aggregate notional amounts of $648 million and $457 million, respectively.

As of September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, we had ~~foreign-currency forward sales contracts with an aggregate notional amount of $426 million and foreign-currency forward purchase contracts with an aggregate notional amount of $593 million~~foreign currency derivatives designated as cash flow hedging ~~instruments.~~instruments hedging certain asset and liability positions with aggregate notional amounts of $495 million and $619 million, respectively. The amount included in AOCI relating to these hedges at September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, was $3 million of net ~~gains~~losses (net of income tax ~~expense~~benefit of $1 million). It is anticipated that $3$2 million of net ~~gains~~losses (net of income tax ~~expense~~benefit of $1 million) will be reclassified into earnings during the next 12 months.

We have significant operations in Argentina. In the second quarter of 2018, the Argentine peso rapidly devalued relative to the U.S. dollar, which along with increased inflation, indicated that the three-year cumulative inflation in that country exceeded 100 percent as of June 30, 2018. As a result, we elected to adopt highly inflationary accounting as of July 1, 2018 for our affiliate, Ingredion Argentina S.A. Under highly inflationary accounting, our affiliate’s functional currency is the U.S. dollar, and its income statement and balance sheet are measured in U.S. dollars using both current and historical rates of exchange. The effect of changes in exchange rates on Argentine-peso-denominated monetary assets and liabilities are reflected in earnings in financing costs.

Interest Rate Risk: We occasionally use interest rate swaps and T-Locks to hedge our exposure to interest rate changes, to reduce the volatility of our financing costs, or to achieve a desired proportion of fixed versus floating rate debt, based on current and projected market conditions. We did not have ~~any~~outstanding T-Locks ~~outstanding~~ as of September 30, ~~2019.~~2020.

As of September 30, ~~2019, our~~2020, AOCI ~~account~~ included $1$4 million of net losses (net of an income tax benefit of $1 million) related to previously settled T-Locks. ~~These~~Once T-Locks are settled, deferred losses are ~~being~~ amortized to financing costs over the terms of the senior notes with which they are associated. It is anticipated that ~~$1 million~~an insignificant amount of these net losses (net of an insignificant amount of taxes) will be reclassified into earnings during the next 12 months.

As of September 30, 2020, we did not have any interest rate swap agreements. As of December 31, 2019, we ~~have~~had an interest rate swap ~~agreement~~ that effectively ~~converts~~converted the interest rates on $200 million of our $400 million of 4.625% senior notes due November 1, 2020, to variable ~~rates.~~rates, which was paid in July 2020. This swap agreement ~~calls~~called for us to receive interest at the fixed coupon rate of the ~~respective~~ notes and to pay interest at a variable rate based on the six-month U.S. dollar LIBOR plus a spread. ~~We have~~As of December 31, 2019, we designated this interest rate swap agreement as a hedge of the changes in fair value of the underlying debt obligation attributable to changes in interest rates and ~~account~~accounted for it as a fair value hedge. The fair value of the interest rate swap agreement as of ~~September 30,~~December 31, 2019 was a $2$1 million ~~gain,~~loss, and is reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets included in this report within Other assets, with an offsetting amount recorded in ~~long-term~~Long-term debt to adjust the carrying amount of the hedged debt obligations.

~~Key Financial Performance Metrics~~

We use certain key financial metrics to monitor our progress towards achieving our long-term strategic business objectives. In addition to the key financial metrics listed in our 2018 Form 10-K, as of January 2019, we have added the financial metric, Return on Invested Capital (“ROIC”). ROIC is a measure of the profitability and value-creating potential that considers the amount of initial capital invested. In 2019, fifty percent of the current year performance share awards granted from our Stock Incentive Plan are based on this metric. The performance share awards are more fully described in Note 12 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

The table below includes certain information (including adjusted operating income, net of tax and Net Debt) that is not calculated in accordance with GAAP. Management uses non-GAAP financial measures internally for strategic decision-making, forecasting future results and evaluating current performance. By disclosing non-GAAP financial measures, management intends to provide a more meaningful, consistent comparison of our operating results and trends for the periods presented. These non-GAAP financial measures are used in addition to and in conjunction with results

presented in accordance with GAAP and reflect an additional way of viewing aspects of our operations that, when viewed with our GAAP results, provide a more complete understanding of factors and trends affecting our business.

Non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP; therefore, the information is not necessarily comparable to similarly titled non-GAAP financial measures of other companies. These non-GAAP measures should be considered as a supplement to, and not as a substitute for, or superior to, the corresponding measures calculated in accordance with GAAP.

Return on Invested Capital (dollars in millions)

2018

2017
Adjusted operating income, net of tax (a)

$
569

$
627

Net Debt

1,766

1,260
Equity and share-based payments subject to redemption

2,445

2,953
Total Net Debt and Equity

$
4,211

$
4,213

Average current and prior year Net Debt and Equity (b)

$
4,212

$
4,139

Return on Invested Capital (a ÷ b)

13.5%

15.1%

~~The following table presents a reconciliation of adjusted operating income, net of tax, to the most comparable GAAP financial measure:~~

2018

2017
Operating income

$
703

$
836
Adjusted for:

Impairment/restructuring charges

64

38
Acquisition/integration costs

—

4
Charge for fair value mark-up of acquired inventory

—

9
Insurance settlement

—

(9)
Adjusted operating income

767

878
Income taxes (at effective tax rates of 25.8% and 28.6%, respectively)*

(198)

(251)
Adjusted operating income, net of tax

$
569

$
627
*The effective income tax rate for 2018 and 2017 excludes the impacts of impairment/restructuring charges, acquisition and integration related costs, sale of acquiree inventory that was adjusted to fair value at the acquisition date, income tax reform, and an insurance settlement. Including these items, our effective income tax rate for 2018 and 2017 was 26.9 percent and 30.8 percent, respectively. Listed below is a schedule that reconciles the adjusted income tax rate to our effective income tax rate under GAAP:

Year Ended December 31, 2018

Year Ended December 31, 2017
(dollars in millions)

Income before Income Taxes

Provision for Income Taxes

Effective Income Tax Rate

Income before Income Taxes

Provision for Income Taxes

Effective Income Tax Rate
As reported

$
621

$
167

26.9%

$
769

$
237

30.8%
Add back (deduct):

Income tax settlement

—

—

—

10

Impairment/restructuring charges

64

13

38

7

Acquisition/integration costs

—

—

4

1

Charge for fair value mark-up of acquired inventory

—

—

9

3

Insurance settlement

—

—

(9)

(3)

Income tax reform

—

(3)

—

(23)

Adjusted non-GAAP

$
685

$
177

25.8%

$
811

$
232

28.6%

~~The following table presents a reconciliation of Net Debt to the most comparable GAAP financial measure:~~

2018

2017
Short-term debt

$
169

$
120
Long-term debt

1,931

1,744
Less: Cash and cash equivalents

(327)

(595)
Short-term investments

(7)

(9)
Total Net Debt

$
1,766

$
1,260

~~ROIC:~~ Our long-term objective is to maintain a ROIC in excess of our cost of capital. For the year 2018, we achieved a ROIC of 13.5%. The ratio is calculated by dividing adjusted operating income, net of tax by the book value of both Net Debt and Equity. The decrease in ROIC percent is primarily a result of lower operating income in 2018.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our critical accounting policies and estimates are described in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018.~~2019. See Note 2 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this report for additional information regarding our significant accounting policies. There have been no other changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates during the ~~three and~~ nine months ended September 30, ~~2019.~~2020.

3736

Table of Contents

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Form 10-Q contains or may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The Company intends these forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for such statements.

Forward-looking statements include, among other things, any statements regarding the Company’s future financial condition, earnings, revenues, tax rates, capital expenditures, cash flows, expenses or other financial items, any statements concerning the Company’s prospects or future operations, including management’s plans or strategies and objectives therefor, and any assumptions, expectations or beliefs underlying the foregoing.

These statements can sometimes be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “anticipate,” “assume,” “believe,” “plan,” “project,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “continue,” “pro forma,” “forecast,” “outlook,” “propels,” “opportunities,” “potential,” “provisional,” or other similar expressions or the negative thereof. All statements other than statements of historical facts in this report or referred to in this report are “forward-looking statements.”

These statements are based on current circumstances or expectations, but are subject to certain inherent risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict and are beyond our control. Although we believe our expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, investors are cautioned that no assurance can be given that our expectations will prove correct.

Actual results and developments may differ materially from the expectations expressed in or implied by these statements ~~based on various factors, including~~as a result of the following risks and uncertainties, among others: changing consumption preferences and perceptions, including those relating to high fructose corn syrup; the effects of global economic conditions and the general political, economic, business, market conditions that affect customers and consumers in the various geographic regions and countries in which we buy our raw materials or manufacture or sell our products, including, particularly, economic, currency and political conditions in South America ~~trade relations between the United States and China,~~ and economic and political conditions in Europe, and ~~their~~the impact these factors may have on our sales volumes, ~~and~~the pricing of our ~~products;~~products, our access to credit markets and our ability to collect our receivables from ~~customers and~~customers; adverse changes in investment returns earned on our ~~ability to raise funds at reasonable rates;~~pension assets; future financial performance of major industries which we serve and from which we derive a significant portion of our sales, including ~~without limitation,~~ the food, beverage, ~~paper and corrugated,~~animal nutrition, and brewing industries; ~~fluctuations in worldwide markets for corn~~the uncertainty of acceptance of products developed through genetic modification and ~~other commodities, and the associated risks of hedging against such fluctuations; genetic and biotechnology issues;~~biotechnology; our ability to develop or acquire new products and services at rates or of qualities sufficient to meet expectations; changes in U.S. and foreign government policy, laws or regulations and costs of legal compliance; increased competitive and/or customer pressure in the corn-refining industry and related industries, including with respect to the markets and prices for our primary products and our co-products, particularly corn oil; the availability of raw materials, including ~~corn, including the impact of recent excess precipitation in the U.S. corn-planting season,~~ potato starch, tapioca, gum Arabic and ~~also~~ the specific varieties of corn upon which some of our products are ~~based; fluctuations~~based, and our ability to pass on potential increases in the ~~markets and prices for our co-products; fluctuations in aggregate industry supply and market demand; the behavior~~cost of financial markets, including foreign currency fluctuations and fluctuations in interest and exchange rates; volatility and turmoil in the capital markets; the commercial and consumer credit environment; general political, economic, business, market and weather conditions in the various geographic regions and countries in which we buy ourcorn or other raw materials ~~or manufacture or sell our products;~~to customers; raw material and energy costs and availability; freight and shipping costs; and changes in regulatory controls regarding quotas; tariffs, duties, taxes and income tax rates, particularly United States tax reform enacted in 2017; operating difficulties; energy issues in Pakistan; boiler reliability; our ability to ~~effectively integrate and operate acquired businesses; our ability to~~contain costs, achieve budgets and to realize expected ~~synergies; our ability~~synergies, including with respect to ~~achieve expected savings under our Cost Smart program;~~our ability to complete planned maintenance and investment projects ~~successfully~~on time and on ~~budget;~~budget, and to achieve expected savings under our Cost Smart program as well as with respect to freight and shipping costs; the impact of financial and capital markets on our borrowing costs, including as a result of foreign currency fluctuations, fluctuations in interest and exchange rates and market volatility and the associated risks of hedging against such fluctuations; the potential effects of climate change; our ability to successfully identify and complete acquisitions or strategic alliances on favorable terms as well as our ability to successfully integrate acquired businesses or implement and maintain strategic alliances and achieve anticipated synergies with respect to all of the foregoing; operating difficulties at our manufacturing plants or with respect to boiler reliability; risks related to product safety and quality and compliance with environmental, health and safety, and food safety laws and regulations; economic, political and other risks inherent in operating in foreign countries with foreign currencies and shipping products between countries, including with respect to tariffs, quotas and duties; interruptions, security breaches or failures that might affect our information technology systems, processes and sites; our ability to maintain satisfactory labor ~~disputes; increased competitive and/~~relations; the impact that weather, natural disasters, war or ~~customer pressure in the corn-refining industry;~~similar acts of hostility, acts and threats of terrorism, the outbreak or continuation of ~~serious communicable disease~~pandemics such as COVID 19 and other significant events could have on our business; the potential recognition of impairment charges on goodwill or ~~hostilities including acts~~long lived assets; changes in our tax rates or exposure to additional income tax liabilities; and our ability to raise funds at reasonable rates to grow and expand our operations.

Table of ~~terrorism.~~ Contents

Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made and we do not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date of the statement as a result of new information or future events or developments. If we do update or correct one or more of these statements, investors and others should not conclude that we will make additional updates or corrections. For a further description of these and other risks, see “Risk Factors” and other information included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018~~2019, in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020, and in our subsequent reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K.

ITEM 3
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

See the discussion set forth in Part II, Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk at pages 3149 to 3250 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, for a discussion as to how we address risks with respect to interest rates, raw material and energy costs and foreign currencies. There have been no material changes in the information that would be provided with respect to those disclosures from December 31, ~~2018~~2019 to September 30, ~~2019.~~2020. For additional information, also see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Hedging and Financial Risk” in this report.

ITEM 4
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, ~~2019.~~2020. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, our disclosure controls and procedures (a) are effective in providing reasonable assurance that all information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, has been recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and (b) are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended September 30, ~~2019~~2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

3938

Table of Contents

PART II OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

~~Our subsidiary, National Starch~~In 2015 and ~~Chemical (Thailand) Co. Ltd.,~~2016, the Company self-reported certain monitoring and recordkeeping issues relating to environmental regulatory matters involving its Indianapolis, Indiana manufacturing facility. In September 2017, following inspections and the provision by the Company of requested information to the ~~Rayong Provincial~~U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (the "EPA"), the EPA issued the Company a Notice of Violation, which included additional alleged violations beyond those self-reported by the Company. These additional alleged violations primarily relate to the results of stack testing at the facility. No individual allegation in the Notice of Violation, whether from the self-reported information, the inspections or the additional requested information, is material to us but, collectively, the exposure to the Company could be more than $100,000 in potential monetary sanctions. At this point in time, the Company is unable to provide a more specific estimate. The Company believes that the additional alleged violations are without merit and intends to vigorously defend its position. The EPA has referred the overall matter to the U.S. Department of ~~Industry of~~Justice, Environment and Natural Resources Division (the "DOJ"). The DOJ and the ~~Ministry of Industry (the “DIW”) an administrative error~~Company began discussions with respect to this matter in ~~registering one of its waste transporters in Thailand. The DIW notified National Starch~~September 2020. Negotiations between the Company and ~~Chemical (Thailand) Co. Ltd. of failure to comply~~the DOJ with Section 8 (5) of the Factory Act in connection with the waste transporter and, in May 2019, imposed fines on a per shipment basis totaling THB 3,330,000, or approximately $107,000. There was no assertion by the DIW or the Ministry of Industry that any harm had been causedrespect to the ~~environment. The fines were paid in May 2019~~Notice of Violation are continuing and ~~this administrative error is not expected~~no litigation has been initiated with respect to ~~reoccur.~~the Notice of Violation.

WeIn addition, we are currently subject to claims and suits arising in the ordinary course of business, including labor matters, certain environmental proceedings, and other commercial claims. We also routinely receive inquiries from regulators and other government authorities relating to various aspects of our business, including with respect to compliance with laws and regulations relating to the environment, and at any given time, we have matters at various stages of resolution with the applicable governmental authorities. The outcomes of these matters are not within our complete control and may not be known for prolonged periods of time. We do not believe that the results of currently known legal proceedings and inquires will be material to us. There can be no assurance, however, that such claims, suits or investigations or those arising in the future, whether taken individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations.

ITEM 1A
RISK FACTORS

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, there have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, as supplemented by the risk factor disclosed in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020. The risks discussed in those reports are not the only risks that could materially affect our business, financial condition, or future results. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially affect our business, financial condition, or results of operations.

ITEM 2
UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities:

Maximum Number

(or Approximate

Total Number of

Dollar Value) of

Total

Average

Shares Purchased as

Shares That May Yet

Number

Price

Part of Publicly

be Purchased Under

of Shares

Paid

Announced Plans or

the Plans or Programs

(shares in thousands)

Purchased

per Share

Programs

at End of Period

July 1 – July 31, ~~2019~~2020

—

—

—

5,855 shares

August 1 – August 31, ~~2019~~2020

—

—

—

5,855 shares

September 1 – September 30, ~~2019~~2020

—

—

—

5,855 shares

Total

—

—

—

Table of Contents

On December 12, 2014, the Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program permitting us to purchase up to 5.0 million shares of our outstanding common stock from January 1, 2015, through December 31, 2019. On October 22, 2018, the Board of Directors authorized a new stock repurchase program permitting us to purchase up to an additional 8.0 million shares of our outstanding common stock from November 5, 2018, through December 31, 2023. As of September 30, ~~2019,~~2020, we have 5.9 million shares available for repurchase under the stock repurchase programs.

Table of Contents

ITEM 6
EXHIBITS

a) Exhibits

Exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K are listed in the Exhibit Index ~~hereto.~~

~~All other items hereunder are omitted because either such item is inapplicable or the response is negative.~~below.

EXHIBIT INDEX

Number

Description of Exhibit
~~31.1~~

10.1*

~~CEO Section 302 Certification Pursuant to~~Letter of Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2020, between the ~~Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002~~Company and Jorgen Kokke.

~~31.2~~31.1†

~~CFO~~Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 ~~Certification Pursuant to~~of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2†

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1††

~~CEO~~ Certification ~~Pursuant~~of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code, as ~~created by~~adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2††

~~CFO~~ Certification ~~Pursuant~~of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code, as ~~created by~~adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the ~~Sarbanes-Oxley~~Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002.

~~101~~101.INS†

The following financial information from Ingredion Incorporated’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019 formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language (Inline XBRL): (i) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income; (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income; (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets; (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity and Redeemable Equity; (v) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (vi) the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. TheXBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL ~~document.~~document).

101.SCH†

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

101.CAL†

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.

101.DEF†

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.

101.LAB†

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.

101.PRE†

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

104†

Cover Page Interactive Data File ~~(formatted as~~(the cover page XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL ~~and embedded within~~document, which is contained in Exhibit 101).

HIDDEN_ROW

†

Filed with this report.
††

Furnished with this report.
*

Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement to be filed as an exhibit to this form pursuant to Item 6 of this report.

Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

INGREDION INCORPORATED

DATE:
November 6, ~~2019~~2020
By
/s/ James D. Gray

James D. Gray

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

DATE:
November 6, ~~2019~~2020
By
/s/ Stephen K. Latreille

Stephen K. Latreille

Vice President and Corporate Controller

		Page
Part I

Item 1	Financial Statements	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	4
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity and Redeemable Equity	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	7
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8
Item 2	Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations	28
Item 3	Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk	38
Item 4	Controls and procedures	38

Part II

Item 1	Legal proceedings	39
Item 1A	Risk factors	39
Item 2	Unregistered sales of equity securities and use of proceeds	39
Item 6	Exhibits	41
Signatures		42


(in millions)	Balance at September 30, 2019		Balance at December 31, 2018
Trademarks/tradenames (indefinite-lived)	$	178	$	178


Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships	Gains (Losses) included in AOCI
(in millions)	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Commodity contracts, net of income tax effect of $ — and $5, respectively	$	2	$	(11)
Foreign currency contracts, net of income tax effect of $1 and $1, respectively		(3)		3
Interest rate contracts, net of income tax effect of $1 and $ — , respectively		(4)		(1)
Total	$	(5)	$	(9)


	Fair Value of Hedging Instruments as of September 30, 2019																Fair Value of Hedging Instruments as of September 30, 2020
	Designated Hedging Instruments (in millions)								Non-Designated Hedging Instruments (in millions)								Designated Hedging Instruments (in millions)								Non-Designated Hedging Instruments (in millions)
Balance Sheet Location		Commodity Contracts		Foreign Currency Contracts		Interest Rate Contracts	Total			Commodity Contracts		Foreign Currency Contracts		Interest Rate Contracts	Total			Commodity Contracts		Foreign Currency Contracts		Interest Rate Contracts	Total			Commodity Contracts		Foreign Currency Contracts		Interest Rate Contracts	Total
Accounts receivable, net	$	8	$	6	$	—	$	14	$	2	$	10	$	—	$	12	$	18	$	—	$	—	$	18	$	—	$	7	$	—	$	7
Other assets		—		6		2		8		—		1		—		1		4		—		—		4		—		3		—		3
Assets		8		12		2		22		2		11		—		13		22		—		—		22		—		10		—		10
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		17		3		—		20		1		3		—		4		6		1		—		7		1		23		—		24
Non-current liabilities		5		5		—		10		—		3		—		3		1		3		—		4		—		2		—		2
Liabilities		22		8		—		30		1		6		—		7		7		4		—		11		1		25		—		26
Net (Liabilities)/Assets	$	(14)	$	4	$	2	$	(8)	$	1	$	5	$	—	$	6	$	15	$	(4)	$	—	$	11	$	(1)	$	(15)	$	—	$	(16)


Line item in the statement of financial position in which the hedged item is included (in millions)	Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)				Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)				Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)				Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)
Balance sheet date as of	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018		September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018		September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019		September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Interest Rate Contracts:
Long-Term Debt	$	(202)	$	(199)	$	(2)	$	1	$	—	$	(201)	$	—	$	(1)


					Location of Gains
	Amount of Gains (Losses)				(Losses)	Amount of Gains (Losses)
Derivatives in Cash-Flow	Recognized in OCI				Reclassified from	Reclassified from AOCI into Income
Derivatives in Cash Flow										Gains (Losses) Recognized in OCI on Derivatives				Income	Gains (Losses) Reclassified from AOCI into Income
Hedging Relationships	Three Months Ended September 30,				AOCI	Three Months Ended September 30,				Three Months Ended September 30,				Statement	Three Months Ended September 30,
(in millions, pre-tax)	2019		2018		into Income	2019		2018
(in millions)										2020		2019		Location	2020		2019
Commodity contracts	$	(20)	$	(5)	Cost of sales	$	2	$	(2)	$	21	$	(20)	Cost of sales	$	(30)	$	2
Foreign currency contracts		3		3	Net sales/Cost of sales		1		—		(5)		3	Net sales/Cost of sales		(1)		1
Interest rate contracts		—		—	Financing costs, net		—		—		—		—	Financing costs, net		—		—
Total	$	(17)	$	(2)		$	3	$	(2)	$	16	$	(17)		$	(31)	$	3


	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019						For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
Location and Amount of Gains (Losses) Recognized in Income on Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedging Relationships (in millions, pre-tax)	Net sales before shipping and handling costs			Cost of Sales		Financing costs, net	Net sales before shipping and handling costs			Cost of Sales		Financing costs, net
Income (expense) reported in earnings	$	1,574	$	(1,113)	$	(24)	$	1,563	$	(1,116)	$	(24)
Fair value hedging relationships:
Interest Rate Contracts:
Hedged Items	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments		—		—		—		—		—		(1)
Cash flow hedging relationships:
Commodity Contracts:
Gains (losses) reclassified from other comprehensive income into earnings	$	—	$	2	$	—	$	—	$	(2)	$	—
Foreign Exchange Contracts:
Gains reclassified from other comprehensive income into earnings		1		—		—		—		—		—
Interest Rate Contracts:
Gains (losses) reclassified from other comprehensive income into earnings		—		—		—		—		—		—


	As of September 30, 2019								As of December 31, 2018								As of September 30, 2020								As of December 31, 2019
(in millions)	Total		Level 1 (a)		Level 2 (b)		Level 3 (c)		Total		Level 1 (a)		Level 2 (b)		Level 3 (c)		Total		Level 1 (a)		Level 2 (b)		Level 3 (c)		Total		Level 1 (a)		Level 2 (b)		Level 3 (c)
Available for sale securities	$	13	$	13	$	—	$	—	$	11	$	11	$	—	$	—	$	10	$	10	$	—	$	—	$	13	$	13	$	—	$	—
Derivative assets		35		9		26		—		24		4		20		—		32		15		17		—		24		7		17		—
Derivative liabilities		37		10		27		—		26		6		20		—		37		5		32		—		36		5		31		—
Long-term debt		1,986		—		1,986		—		1,954		—		1,954		—		2,106		—		2,106		—		1,751		—		1,751		—


	As of		As of		As of		As of
(in millions)	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018		September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
3.2% senior notes due October 1, 2026	$	497	$	496
2.900% senior notes due June 1, 2030					$	594	$	—
3.200% senior notes due October 1, 2026						497		497
3.900% senior notes due June 1, 2050						390		—
6.625% senior notes due April 15, 2037						253		253
4.625% senior notes due November 1, 2020		400		399		—		400
6.625% senior notes due April 15, 2037		253		254
5.62% senior notes due March 25, 2020		200		200		—		200
Term loan credit agreement due April 25, 2019		—		165
Term loan credit agreement due April 12, 2021		500		—		380		405
Revolving credit facility		149		418		—		10
Other long-term borrowings						1		—
Fair value adjustment related to hedged fixed rate debt instruments		2		(1)		—		1
Long-term debt		2,001		1,931		2,115		1,766
Short-term borrowings		81		169		62		82
Total debt	$	2,082	$	2,100	$	2,177	$	1,848


Lease Cost	Three Months Ended September 30,		Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)	2019		2019
Operating lease cost	$	13	$	40
Variable operating lease cost		6		18
Short term lease cost		1		2
Lease cost	$	20	$	60


Operating Leases		As of
(in millions)		September 30, 2019
2019 (Excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2019)	$	13
2020		43
2021		33
2022		25
2023		18
Thereafter		32
Total future lease payments		164
Less imputed interest		23
Present value of future lease payments		141
Less current lease liabilities		39
Non-current operating lease liabilities	$	102
Operating lease assets	$	132


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
Other Information	September 30,				September 30,
($ in millions)	2020		2019		2020			2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	14	$	12	$	40		$	41
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities:
Operating leases	$	24	$	11	$	45		$	178
					As of			As of
		��			September 30, 2020			December 31, 2019
Weighted average remaining lease term:
Operating leases						5.0 years			5.5 years
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases						5.1	%		5.7	%


	Number of Options (in thousands)	Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share		Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in millions)		Number of Options (in thousands)	Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share		Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in millions)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2018	2,079	$	80.25	5.51	$	42
Outstanding as of December 31, 2019							2,055	$	84.36	5.30	$	34
Granted	247		91.85				336		88.35
Exercised	(129)		34.09				(93)		45.12
Cancelled	(56)		113.73				(19)		85.75
Outstanding as of September 30, 2019	2,141	$	83.49	5.46	$	22
Exercisable as of September 30, 2019	1,696	$	76.92	4.63	$	22
Outstanding as of September 30, 2020							2,279	$	86.55	5.37	$	12
Exercisable as of September 30, 2020							1,740	$	84.09	4.33	$	12


(RSUs in thousands)	Number of Restricted Shares	Weighted Average Fair Value per Share		Number of Restricted Shares	Weighted Average Fair Value per Share
Non-vested as of December 31, 2018	344	$	115.06
Non-vested as of December 31, 2019				339	$	108.02
Granted	174		91.28	178		88.10
Vested	(136)		101.40	(92)		117.18
Cancelled	(37)		115.79	(14)		102.71
Non-vested as of September 30, 2019	345	$	108.37
Non-vested as of September 30, 2020				411	$	97.52


(in millions)	Cumulative Translation Adjustment		Deferred (Loss) Gain on Hedging Activities		Pension and Postretirement Adjustment		Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Investment		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance, December 31, 2018	$	(1,080)	$	(5)	$	(69)	$	—	$	(1,154)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassification adjustments		(48)		(16)		(2)		—		(66)
Amount reclassified from accumulated OCI		—		3		—		—		3
Tax benefit		—		3		—		—		3
Net other comprehensive loss		(48)		(10)		(2)		—		(60)
Balance, September 30, 2019	$	(1,128)	$	(15)	$	(71)	$	—	$	(1,214)


(in millions)	Cumulative Translation Adjustment		Hedging Activities		Pension and Postretirement Adjustment		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance, December 31, 2019	$	(1,089)	$	(9)	$	(60)	$	(1,158)
Other comprehensive (loss) before reclassification adjustments		(105)		(50)		—		(155)
Loss reclassified from accumulated OCI		—		56		—		56
Tax (provision)		—		(2)		—		(2)
Net other comprehensive (loss) income		(105)		4		—		(101)
Balance, September 30, 2020	$	(1,194)	$	(5)	$	(60)	$	(1,259)


	Total Equity
													Non-
									Accumulated				Redeemable		Share-based		Redeemable
					Additional				Other				Non-		Payments		Non-
	Preferred		Common		Paid-In		Treasury		Comprehensive		Retained		Controlling		Subject to		Controlling
(in millions)	Stock		Stock		Capital		Stock		Loss		Earnings		Interests		Redemption		Interests
Balance, December 31, 2018	$	—	$	1	$	1,096	$	(1,091)	$	(1,154)	$	3,536	$	20	$	37	$	—
Net income attributable to Ingredion												100
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests														2
Dividends declared, common stock ($0.625/share)												(42)
Repurchases of common stock						32		31
Share-based compensation, net of issuance						9		10								(16)
Other comprehensive loss										(6)
Balance, March 31, 2019	$	—	$	1	$	1,137	$	(1,050)	$	(1,160)	$	3,594	$	22	$	21	$	—
Net income attributable to Ingredion												105
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests														2
Dividends declared, common stock ($0.625/share)												(43)
Dividends declared, non-controlling interests														(4)
Share-based compensation, net of issuance						1		3								4
Other comprehensive income (loss)										8				(4)
Balance, June 30, 2019	$	—	$	1	$	1,138	$	(1,047)	$	(1,152)	$	3,656	$	16	$	25	$	—
Net income attributable to Ingredion												99
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests														3
Dividends declared, common stock ($0.63/share)												(42)
Dividends declared, non-controlling interests														(2)
Repurchases of common stock
Share-based compensation, net of issuance						(1)		3								3
Other comprehensive (loss) income										(62)				2
Balance, September 30, 2019	$	—	$	1	$	1,137	$	(1,044)	$	(1,214)	$	3,713	$	19	$	28	$	—


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2020					Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
(in millions, except per share amounts)	Net Income Available to Ingredion		Weighted Average Shares	Per Share Amount		Net Income Available to Ingredion		Weighted Average Shares	Per Share Amount
Basic EPS	$	92	67.2	$	1.37	$	99	66.9	$	1.48

Effect of Dilutive Securities:
Incremental shares from assumed exercise of dilutive stock options and vesting of dilutive RSUs and other awards			0.4					0.5
Diluted EPS	$	92	67.6	$	1.36	$	99	67.4	$	1.47


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2019					Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
(in millions, except per share amounts)	Net Income Available to Ingredion		Weighted Average Shares	Per Share Amount		Net Income Available to Ingredion		Weighted Average Shares	Per Share Amount
Basic EPS	$	99	66.9	$	1.48	$	95	71.2	$	1.33

Effect of Dilutive Securities:
Incremental shares from assumed exercise of dilutive stock options and vesting of dilutive RSUs and other awards			0.5					0.7
Diluted EPS	$	99	67.4	$	1.47	$	95	71.9	$	1.32


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019					Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
(in millions, except per share amounts)	Net Income Available to Ingredion		Weighted Average Shares	Per Share Amount		Net Income Available to Ingredion		Weighted Average Shares	Per Share Amount
Basic EPS	$	304	66.9	$	4.54	$	349	71.8	$	4.86

Effect of Dilutive Securities:
Incremental shares from assumed exercise of dilutive stock options and vesting of dilutive RSUs and other awards			0.5					0.9
Diluted EPS	$	304	67.4	$	4.51	$	349	72.7	$	4.80


Return on Invested Capital (dollars in millions)	2018		2017
Adjusted operating income, net of tax (a)	$	569	$	627

Net Debt		1,766		1,260
Equity and share-based payments subject to redemption		2,445		2,953
Total Net Debt and Equity	$	4,211	$	4,213

Average current and prior year Net Debt and Equity (b)	$	4,212	$	4,139

Return on Invested Capital (a ÷ b)		13.5%		15.1%


	Year Ended December 31, 2018					Year Ended December 31, 2017
(dollars in millions)	Income before Income Taxes		Provision for Income Taxes		Effective Income Tax Rate	Income before Income Taxes		Provision for Income Taxes		Effective Income Tax Rate
As reported	$	621	$	167	26.9%	$	769	$	237	30.8%
Add back (deduct):
Income tax settlement		—		—			—		10
Impairment/restructuring charges		64		13			38		7
Acquisition/integration costs		—		—			4		1
Charge for fair value mark-up of acquired inventory		—		—			9		3
Insurance settlement		—		—			(9)		(3)
Income tax reform		—		(3)			—		(23)
Adjusted non-GAAP	$	685	$	177	25.8%	$	811	$	232	28.6%


	2018		2017
Short-term debt	$	169	$	120
Long-term debt		1,931		1,744
Less: Cash and cash equivalents		(327)		(595)
Short-term investments		(7)		(9)
Total Net Debt	$	1,766	$	1,260


				Maximum Number
				(or Approximate
			Total Number of	Dollar Value) of
	Total	Average	Shares Purchased as	Shares That May Yet
	Number	Price	Part of Publicly	be Purchased Under
	of Shares	Paid	Announced Plans or	the Plans or Programs
(shares in thousands)	Purchased	per Share	Programs	at End of Period
July 1 – July 31, ~~2019~~2020	—	—	—	5,855 shares
August 1 – August 31, ~~2019~~2020	—	—	—	5,855 shares
September 1 – September 30, ~~2019~~2020	—	—	—	5,855 shares
Total	—	—	—


Number		Description of Exhibit
~~31.1~~
10.1*		~~CEO Section 302 Certification Pursuant to~~Letter of Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2020, between the ~~Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002~~Company and Jorgen Kokke.

~~31.2~~31.1†		~~CFO~~Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 ~~Certification Pursuant to~~of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2†		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1††		~~CEO~~ Certification ~~Pursuant~~of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code, as ~~created by~~adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2††		~~CFO~~ Certification ~~Pursuant~~of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code, as ~~created by~~adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the ~~Sarbanes-Oxley~~Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002.

~~101~~101.INS†		The following financial information from Ingredion Incorporated’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019 formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language (Inline XBRL): (i) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income; (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income; (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets; (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity and Redeemable Equity; (v) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (vi) the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. TheXBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL ~~document.~~document).

101.SCH†		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL†		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF†		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB†		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE†		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104†		Cover Page Interactive Data File ~~(formatted as~~(the cover page XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL ~~and embedded within~~document, which is contained in Exhibit 101).

HIDDEN_ROW
†		Filed with this report.
††		Furnished with this report.
*		Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement to be filed as an exhibit to this form pursuant to Item 6 of this report.


		INGREDION INCORPORATED


DATE:	November 6, ~~2019~~2020	By	/s/ James D. Gray
		James D. Gray
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer


DATE:	November 6, ~~2019~~2020	By	/s/ Stephen K. Latreille
		Stephen K. Latreille
		Vice President and Corporate Controller