UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-33288

HAYNES INTERNATIONAL, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		06-1185400 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1020 West Park Avenue, Kokomo, Indiana (Address of principal executive offices)		46904-9013 (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (765) 456-6000


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Tile of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value ~~$.001~~$0.001 per share	“HAYN”	NASDAQ Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer ☐		Accelerated filer ☒
Non-accelerated filer ☐		Smaller reporting company☐
		Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.) Yes ☐ No ☒

As of April ~~29, 2021,~~28, 2022, the registrant had ~~12,688,730~~12,458,953 shares of Common Stock, ~~$.001~~$0.001 par value, outstanding.

Table of Contents

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page
PART I	FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Haynes International, Inc. and Subsidiaries	32

	Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) as of September 30, ~~2020~~2021 and March 31, ~~2021~~2022	32

	Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) for the Three and Six Months Ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2021~~2022	43

	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) for the Three and Six Months Ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2021~~2022	54

	Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited) for the Three and Six Months Ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2021~~2022	65

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the Six Months Ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2021~~2022	76

	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	87

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	17

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	28

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	28

PART II	OTHER INFORMATION	29

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	29

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	29

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	30

Item 6.	Exhibits	2931

	Index to Exhibits	2931

	Signatures	3032

Table of Contents

PART 1 FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

HAYNES INTERNATIONAL, INC. and SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

September 30,

March 31,

2020

2021

ASSETS

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

$
47,238

$
69,820

Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $545 and $528 at September 30, 2020 and March 31, 2021, respectively

51,118

46,097

Inventories

246,124

226,865

Income taxes receivable

3,770

3,065

Other current assets

3,285

4,617

Total current assets

351,535

350,464

Property, plant and equipment, net

159,819

152,696

Deferred income taxes

30,551

33,591

Other assets

8,974

8,068

Goodwill

4,789

4,789

Other intangible assets, net

5,056

5,812

Total assets

$
560,724

$
555,420
��
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Current liabilities:

Accounts payable

$
17,555

$
23,689

Accrued expenses

14,757

16,692

Income taxes payable

—

166

Accrued pension and postretirement benefits

3,403

3,403

Deferred revenue—current portion

2,500

2,500

Total current liabilities

38,215

46,450

Long-term obligations (less current portion)

8,509

8,347

Deferred revenue (less current portion)

12,829

11,579

Deferred income taxes

2,131

2,164

Operating lease liabilities

1,719

1,519

Accrued pension benefits (less current portion)

105,788

101,145

Accrued postretirement benefits (less current portion)

90,032

90,325

Total liabilities

259,223

261,529

Commitments and contingencies

—

—

Stockholders’ equity:

Common stock, $0.001 par value (40,000,000 shares authorized, 12,681,280 and 12,758,078 shares issued and 12,622,371 and 12,688,730 shares outstanding at September 30, 2020 and March 31, 2021, respectively)

13

13

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value (20,000,000 shares authorized, 0 shares issued and outstanding)

—

—

Additional paid-in capital

257,583

259,796

Accumulated earnings

120,943

103,721

Treasury stock, 58,909 shares at September 30, 2020 and 69,348 shares at March 31, 2021

(2,437)

(2,675)

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

(74,601)

(66,964)

Total stockholders’ equity

301,501

293,891

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

$
560,724

$
555,420


	September 30,		March 31,
	2021		2022
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	47,726	$	12,202
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $553 and $618 at September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2022, respectively		57,964		75,351
Inventories		248,495		292,097
Income taxes receivable		1,292		2,001
Other current assets		6,129		5,176
Total current assets		361,606		386,827
Property, plant and equipment, net		147,248		145,658
Deferred income taxes		16,397		12,311
Other assets		10,829		10,664
Goodwill		4,789		4,789
Other intangible assets, net		5,586		5,264
Total assets	$	546,455	$	565,513
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	47,680	$	50,046
Accrued expenses		20,100		17,899
Income taxes payable		379		385
Accrued pension and postretirement benefits		3,554		3,554
Revolving credit facilities		—		21,500
Deferred revenue—current portion		2,500		2,500
Total current liabilities		74,213		95,884
Long-term obligations (less current portion)		8,301		8,111
Deferred revenue (less current portion)		10,329		9,079
Deferred income taxes		3,459		3,425
Operating lease liabilities		664		846
Accrued pension benefits (less current portion)		26,663		22,686
Accrued postretirement benefits (less current portion)		79,505		80,172
Total liabilities		203,134		220,203
Commitments and contingencies		—		—
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.001 par value (40,000,000 shares authorized, 12,757,778 and 12,822,397 shares issued and 12,562,140 and 12,458,953 shares outstanding at September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2022, respectively)		13		13
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value (20,000,000 shares authorized, 0 shares issued and outstanding)		—		—
Additional paid-in capital		262,057		264,098
Accumulated earnings		101,015		108,619
Treasury stock, 195,638 shares at September 30, 2021 and 363,444 shares at March 31, 2022		(7,423)		(14,218)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(12,341)		(13,202)
Total stockholders’ equity		343,321		345,310
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	546,455	$	565,513

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

Table of Contents

HAYNES INTERNATIONAL, INC. and SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share data)



	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2020		2021		2020		2021		2021		2022		2021		2022
Net revenues	$	111,563	$	82,063	$	220,016	$	154,240	$	82,063	$	117,056	$	154,240	$	216,486
Cost of sales		92,267		73,678		181,977		144,868		73,678		93,643		144,868		175,296
Gross profit		19,296		8,385		38,039		9,372		8,385		23,413		9,372		41,190
Selling, general and administrative expense		10,785		11,257		22,292		20,990		11,257		11,782		20,990		23,144
Research and technical expense		1,028		864		1,910		1,651		864		944		1,651		1,849
Operating income (loss)		7,483		(3,736)		13,837		(13,269)		(3,736)		10,687		(13,269)		16,197
Nonoperating retirement benefit expense		1,700		359		3,400		718
Nonoperating retirement benefit expense (income)										359		(1,088)		718		(2,176)
Interest income		(10)		(1)		(24)		(5)		(1)		(6)		(5)		(14)
Interest expense		296		298		547		602		298		514		602		814
Income (loss) before income taxes		5,497		(4,392)		9,914		(14,584)		(4,392)		11,267		(14,584)		17,573
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes		1,429		(760)		2,578		(2,925)		(760)		2,783		(2,925)		4,430
Net income (loss)	$	4,068	$	(3,632)	$	7,336	$	(11,659)	$	(3,632)	$	8,484	$	(11,659)	$	13,143
Net income (loss) per share:
Basic	$	0.32	$	(0.29)	$	0.58	$	(0.94)	$	(0.29)	$	0.68	$	(0.94)	$	1.05
Diluted	$	0.32	$	(0.29)	$	0.58	$	(0.94)	$	(0.29)	$	0.67	$	(0.94)	$	1.04
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding
Basic		12,474		12,514		12,467		12,503		12,514		12,331		12,503		12,350
Diluted		12,504		12,514		12,497		12,503		12,514		12,474		12,503		12,531

Dividends declared per common share	$	0.22	$	0.22	$	0.44	$	0.44	$	0.22	$	0.22	$	0.44	$	0.44

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

Table of Contents

HAYNES INTERNATIONAL, INC. and SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)



	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2020		2021		2020		2021		2021		2022		2021		2022
Net income (loss)	$	4,068	$	(3,632)	$	7,336	$	(11,659)	$	(3,632)	$	8,484	$	(11,659)	$	13,143
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Pension and postretirement		1,720		1,527		3,439		3,055		1,527		(1)		3,055		(1)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(3,918)		(268)		325		4,582		(268)		(1,429)		4,582		(860)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(2,198)		1,259		3,764		7,637		1,259		(1,430)		7,637		(861)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	1,870	$	(2,373)	$	11,100	$	(4,022)	$	(2,373)	$	7,054	$	(4,022)	$	12,282

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

Table of Contents

HAYNES INTERNATIONAL, INC. and SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except share data)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020

Accumulated

Additional

Other

Total

Common Stock

Paid-in

Accumulated

Treasury

Comprehensive

Stockholders’


Shares

Par

Capital

Earnings

Stock

Income (Loss)

Equity
Balance December 31, 2019

12,556,255

$
13

254,999

$
139,010

$
(2,437)

$
(87,959)

$
303,626
Net income (loss)

4,068

4,068
Dividends paid and accrued ($0.22 per share)

(2,781)

(2,781)
Other comprehensive income (loss)

(2,198)

(2,198)
Issue restricted stock (less forfeitures)

666

—
Stock compensation

897

897
Balance March 31, 2020

12,556,921

$
13

$
255,896

$
140,297

$
(2,437)

$
(90,157)

$
303,612

Three Months Ended March 31, 2021

Accumulated

Additional

Other

Total

Common Stock

Paid-in

Accumulated

Treasury

Comprehensive

Stockholders’


Shares

Par

Capital

Earnings

Stock

Income (Loss)

Equity
Balance December 31, 2020

12,682,147

$
13

$
258,642

$
110,134

$
(2,675)

$
(68,223)

$
297,891
Net income (loss)

(3,632)

(3,632)
Dividends paid and accrued ($0.22 per share)

(2,781)

(2,781)
Other comprehensive income (loss)

1,259

1,259
Issue restricted stock (less forfeitures)

(200)

—
Vesting of restricted stock

6,783

—
Stock compensation

1,154

1,154
Balance March 31, 2021

12,688,730

$
13

$
259,796

$
103,721

$
(2,675)

$
(66,964)

$
293,891

Six Months Ended March 31, 2020

Accumulated

Additional

Other

Total

Common Stock

Paid-in

Accumulated

Treasury

Comprehensive

Stockholders’


Shares

Par

Capital

Earnings

Stock

Income (Loss)

Equity
Balance September 30, 2019

12,513,500

$
13

$
253,843

$
125,296

$
(2,239)

$
(80,638)

$
296,275
Net income (loss)

7,336

7,336
Dividends paid and accrued ($0.44 per share)

(5,618)

(5,618)
Other comprehensive income (loss)

3,764

3,764
Exercise of stock options

12,400

422

422
Reclass due to adoption of ASU 2018-02

13,283

(13,283)

—
Issue restricted stock (less forfeitures)

36,461

—
Purchase of treasury stock

(5,440)

(198)

(198)
Stock compensation

1,631

1,631
Balance March 31, 2020

12,556,921

$
13

$
255,896

$
140,297

$
(2,437)

$
(90,157)

$
303,612


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2022
										Accumulated
				Additional						Other		Total
	Common Stock			Paid-in		Accumulated		Treasury		Comprehensive		Stockholders’
	Shares	Par		Capital		Earnings		Stock		Income (Loss)		Equity
Balance December 31, 2020	12,682,147	$	13		258,642	$	110,134	$	(2,675)	$	(68,223)	$	297,891
Net income (loss)							(3,632)						(3,632)
Dividends paid and accrued ($0.22 per share)							(2,781)						(2,781)
Other comprehensive income (loss)											1,259		1,259
Issue restricted stock (less forfeitures)	(200)												—
Vesting of restricted stock	6,783												—
Stock compensation					1,154								1,154
Balance March 31, 2021	12,688,730	$	13	$	259,796	$	103,721	$	(2,675)	$	(66,964)	$	293,891

Balance December 31, 2021	12,455,839	$	13	$	263,126	$	102,865	$	(14,023)	$	(11,772)	$	340,209
Net income (loss)							8,484						8,484
Dividends paid and accrued ($0.22 per share)							(2,730)						(2,730)
Other comprehensive income (loss)											(1,430)		(1,430)
Exercise of stock options	2,883				109								109
Issue restricted stock (less forfeitures)	(6,522)												—
Vesting of restricted stock	11,993												—
Purchase of treasury stock	(5,240)								(195)				(195)
Stock compensation					863								863
Balance March 31, 2022	12,458,953	$	13	$	264,098	$	108,619	$	(14,218)	$	(13,202)	$	345,310

Six Months Ended March 31, 2021

Accumulated

Additional

Other

Total

Common Stock

Paid-in

Accumulated

Treasury

Comprehensive

Stockholders’


Shares

Par

Capital

Earnings

Stock

Income (Loss)

Equity
Balance September 30, 2020

12,622,371

$
13

$
257,583

$
120,943

$
(2,437)

$
(74,601)

$
301,501
Net income (loss)

(11,659)

(11,659)
Dividends paid and accrued ($0.44 per share)

(5,563)

(5,563)
Other comprehensive income (loss)

7,637

7,637
Issue restricted stock (less forfeitures)

55,518

—
Vesting of restricted stock

21,280

—
Purchase of treasury stock

(10,439)

(238)

(238)
Stock compensation

2,213

2,213
Balance March 31, 2021

12,688,730

$
13

$
259,796

$
103,721

$
(2,675)

$
(66,964)

$
293,891


	Six Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2022
										Accumulated
				Additional						Other		Total
	Common Stock			Paid-in		Accumulated		Treasury		Comprehensive		Stockholders’
	Shares	Par		Capital		Earnings		Stock		Income (Loss)		Equity
Balance September 30, 2020	12,622,371	$	13	$	257,583	$	120,943	$	(2,437)	$	(74,601)	$	301,501
Net income (loss)							(11,659)						(11,659)
Dividends paid and accrued ($0.44 per share)							(5,563)						(5,563)
Other comprehensive income (loss)											7,637		7,637
Issue restricted stock (less forfeitures)	55,518												—
Vesting of restricted stock	21,280												—
Purchase of treasury stock	(10,439)								(238)				(238)
Stock compensation					2,213								2,213
Balance March 31, 2021	12,688,730	$	13	$	259,796	$	103,721	$	(2,675)	$	(66,964)	$	293,891

Balance September 30, 2021	12,562,140	$	13	$	262,057	$	101,015	$	(7,423)	$	(12,341)	$	343,321
Net income (loss)							13,143						13,143
Dividends paid and accrued ($0.44 per share)							(5,539)						(5,539)
Other comprehensive income (loss)											(861)		(861)
Exercise of stock options	6,533				224								224
Issue restricted stock (less forfeitures)	25,182												—
Vesting of restricted stock	32,904												—
Purchase of treasury stock	(167,806)								(6,795)				(6,795)
Stock compensation					1,817								1,817
Balance March 31, 2022	12,458,953	$	13	$	264,098	$	108,619	$	(14,218)	$	(13,202)	$	345,310

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

Table of Contents

HAYNES INTERNATIONAL, INC. and SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)

Six Months Ended March 31,


2020

2021

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net income (loss)

$
7,336

$
(11,659)

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

Depreciation

9,639

9,588

Amortization

100

231

Pension and post-retirement expense - U.S. and U.K.

6,897

4,080

Change in long-term obligations

(24)

(15)

Stock compensation expense

1,631

2,213

Deferred revenue

(1,250)

(1,250)

Deferred income taxes

(1,782)

(3,941)

Loss on disposition of property

—

23

Change in assets and liabilities:

Accounts receivable

11,122

5,927

Inventories

(21,192)

22,210

Other assets

(961)

(624)

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

(7,668)

7,496

Income taxes

1,447

897

Accrued pension and postretirement benefits

(4,488)

(4,051)

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

807

31,125

Cash flows from investing activities:

Additions to property, plant and equipment

(4,100)

(2,103)

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

(4,100)

(2,103)

Cash flows from financing activities:

Revolving credit facility borrowings

30,000

—

Dividends paid

(5,523)

(5,604)

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

422

—

Payment for purchase of treasury stock

(198)

(238)

Payment for debt issuance cost

—

(987)

Payments on long-term obligation

(82)

(106)

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

24,619

(6,935)

Effect of exchange rates on cash

42

495

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents:

21,368

22,582

Cash and cash equivalents:

Beginning of period

31,038

47,238

End of period

$
52,406

$
69,820

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

Interest (net of capitalized interest)

$
518

$
439

Income taxes paid (refunded), net

$
2,903

$
61

Capital expenditures incurred, but not yet paid

$
708

$
233

Dividends declared but not yet paid

$
95

$
98



	Six Months Ended March 31,
	2021		2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	(11,659)	$	13,143
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation		9,588		9,252
Amortization		231		322
Pension and post-retirement expense - U.S. and U.K.		4,080		1,100
Change in long-term obligations		(15)		(16)
Stock compensation expense		2,213		1,817
Deferred revenue		(1,250)		(1,250)
Deferred income taxes		(3,941)		4,009
Loss on disposition of property		23		—
Change in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		5,927		(17,830)
Inventories		22,210		(44,124)
Other assets		(624)		1,282
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		7,496		598
Income taxes		897		(701)
Accrued pension and postretirement benefits		(4,051)		(4,411)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		31,125		(36,809)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Additions to property, plant and equipment		(2,103)		(7,729)
Net cash used in investing activities		(2,103)		(7,729)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Revolving credit facility borrowings		—		35,000
Revolving credit facility repayments		—		(13,500)
Dividends paid		(5,604)		(5,587)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		—		224
Payment for purchase of treasury stock		(238)		(6,795)
Payment for debt issuance cost		(987)		—
Payments on long-term obligations		(106)		(120)
Net cash used in financing activities		(6,935)		9,222
Effect of exchange rates on cash		495		(208)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents:		22,582		(35,524)
Cash and cash equivalents:
Beginning of period		47,238		47,726
End of period	$	69,820	$	12,202
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Interest (net of capitalized interest)	$	439	$	559
Income taxes paid (refunded), net	$	61	$	998
Capital expenditures incurred but not yet paid	$	233	$	632
Dividends declared but not yet paid	$	98	$	161

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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HAYNES INTERNATIONAL, INC. and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Note 1. Basis of Presentation

Interim Financial Statements

The accompanying unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), and such principles are applied on a basis consistent with information reflected in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, ~~2020~~2021 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC related to interim financial statements. In the opinion of management, the interim financial information includes all adjustments and accruals which are necessary for a fair presentation of results for the respective interim periods. The results of operations for the three and six months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year ending September 30, ~~2021~~2022 or any other interim period.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Haynes International, Inc. and directly or indirectly wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”). All intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated.

~~COVID-19 Pandemic~~

In March 2020, the World Health Organization characterized the COVID-19 virus as a pandemic, and the President of the United States declared the COVID-19 outbreak a national emergency. The rapid spread of the virus, and the continuously evolving responses to combat it, have had a significant negative impact on the global economy and the Company’s business.

COVID-19 related disruptions negatively impacted the Company’s financial and operating results in the second half of fiscal 2020 and the first half of fiscal 2021 and could continue to materially affect the Company’s financial condition and results of operations for an extended period of time. In particular, the pandemic negatively impacted the aerospace supply chain which is currently absorbing significant downward adjustments to its forecasted demand. The Company has accepted, with select aerospace customers, requests to delay the shipment of orders and in some cases cancellations. Markets other than aerospace have also been depressed with uncertainty and tight cash management impacting customer ordering patterns. The Company has taken significant actions to position itself to manage through the current market disruption caused by COVID-19.

Note 2. Recently Issued Accounting Standards

~~In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13,~~ ~~Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820)~~. This new guidance removes and modifies disclosure requirements on fair value statements. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company adopted this guidance on October 1, 2020. This guidance did not have a material impact on the disclosures in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

~~In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13,~~ ~~Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326)~~ which introduced the expected credit losses methodology for the measurement of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost basis, replacing the previous incurred loss methodology. The new current expected credit loss (CECL) methodology does not have a minimum threshold for recognition of impairment losses, and entities will need to measure expected credit losses on assets that have a low risk of loss. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company adopted this standard on October 1, 2020. This standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848). This new update provides optional expedients to ease the potential burden of accounting for the effects of reference rate reform as it pertains to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by the discontinuation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or by another reference rate expected to be discontinued. These amendments are effective immediately and may be applied prospectively to modifications made or

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relationships entered into or evaluated on or before December 31, 2022. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the pronouncement.

Note 3. Revenues from Contracts with Customers

Contract Balances

As of September 30, ~~2020~~2021 and March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, accounts receivable with customers were ~~$51,663~~$58,517 and ~~$46,625~~$75,969, respectively. Allowance for doubtful accounts as of September 30, ~~2020~~2021 and March 31, ~~2021~~2022 were $~~545~~553 and ~~$528~~$618, respectively, and are presented within accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts on the ~~consolidated balance sheet.~~Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Contract liabilities are recognized when the Company has received consideration from a customer to transfer goods or services at a future point in time when the Company performs under the purchase order or contract. As of September 30, ~~2020~~2021 and March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, no contract liabilities have been recorded except for ~~$15,329~~$12,829 and ~~$14,079,~~$11,579, respectively, for the Titanium Metals Corporation agreement, as described in Note 8 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and ~~$1,200~~$1,060 and ~~$1,000~~$610, respectively, for accrued product ~~returns respectively.~~returns.

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Disaggregation of Revenue

Revenue is disaggregated by end-use markets. The following table includes a breakdown of net revenues to the markets served by the Company for the three and six months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2021.~~2022.


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended				Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,				March 31,				March 31,
	2020		2021		2020		2021		2021		2022		2021		2022
Net revenues (dollars in thousands)
Net revenues
Aerospace	$	59,172	$	30,601	$	118,015	$	55,156	$	30,601	$	52,918	$	55,156	$	101,373
Chemical processing		15,832		15,068		32,544		30,324		15,068		22,850		30,324		40,300
Industrial gas turbine		16,701		16,436		30,464		30,403		16,436		24,788		30,403		39,386
Other markets		12,762		15,546		24,637		28,325		15,546		9,755		28,325		24,242
Total product revenue		104,467		77,651		205,660		144,208		77,651		110,311		144,208		205,301
Other revenue		7,096		4,412		14,356		10,032		4,412		6,745		10,032		11,185
Net revenues	$	111,563	$	82,063	$	220,016	$	154,240	$	82,063	$	117,056	$	154,240	$	216,486

Note 4. Inventories

The following is a summary of the major classes of inventories:


	September 30,		March 31,		September 30,		March 31,
	2020		2021		2021		2022
Raw Materials	$	22,163	$	21,510	$	22,711	$	23,017
Work-in-process		110,717		100,990		138,609		185,059
Finished Goods		111,744		102,903		85,797		82,566
Other		1,500		1,462		1,378		1,455
	$	246,124	$	226,865	$	248,495	$	292,097

Note 5. Income Taxes

Income tax (benefit) expense ~~(benefit)~~ for the three and six months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2021~~2022 differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0%, primarily due to state income taxes, differing tax rates on foreign earnings and discrete tax items that impacted income tax expense (benefit) in these periods. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 was ~~17.3%~~24.7% on ~~$(4,392)~~$11,267 of ~~loss~~income before income taxes compared to ~~26.0%~~17.3% on ~~income~~loss before income taxes of ~~$5,497~~$(4,392) for the three months ended March 31, 2020. Income tax expense in the three months ended March 31, 2021 was unfavorably impacted in the amount of $156 from executive compensation expenses that were not deductible in compliance with Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code.2021. The effective tax rate for the six months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 was ~~20.1%~~25.2% on ~~$(14,584)~~$17,573 of ~~loss~~income before income taxes compared to ~~26.0%~~20.1% on ~~income~~loss before income taxes of ~~$9,914~~$(14,584) for the six months ended March 31, ~~2020. In addition to the non-deductible compensation costs, income~~2021. Income tax expense in the first six months of fiscal 2021 was unfavorably impacted by the lower stock price at the time of vesting of restricted stock as compared

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to the price when the stock was granted, which resulted in the Company not being able to fully utilize the deferred tax assets attributable to those shares. The unfavorable tax expense resulted in a lower effective tax in a period in which the Company incurred a loss before income taxes.

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Note 6. Pension and Post-retirement Benefits

Components of net periodic pension and post-retirement benefit cost for the ~~three and~~ six months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2021~~2022 were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,								Six Months Ended March 31,								Three Months Ended March 31,								Six Months Ended March 31,
	Pension Benefits				Other Benefits				Pension Benefits				Other Benefits				Pension Benefits				Other Benefits				Pension Benefits				Other Benefits
	2020		2021		2020		2021		2020		2021		2020		2021		2021		2022		2021		2022		2021		2022		2021		2022
Service cost	$	1,387	$	1,407	$	354	$	274	$	2,773	$	2,814	$	708	$	548	$	1,407	$	1,182	$	274	$	456	$	2,814	$	2,364	$	548	$	912
Interest cost		2,148		1,808		873		573		4,296		3,616		1,746		1,146		1,808		1,923		573		559		3,616		3,846		1,146		1,118
Expected return		(3,623)		(3,978)		—		—		(7,268)		(7,956)		—		—		(3,978)		(3,561)		—		—		(7,956)		(7,122)		—		—
Amortizations		1,859		1,956		462		—		3,718		3,912		924		—		1,956		51		—		(60)		3,912		102		—		(120)
Net periodic benefit cost	$	1,771	$	1,193	$	1,689	$	847	$	3,519	$	2,386	$	3,378	$	1,694	$	1,193	$	(405)	$	847	$	955	$	2,386	$	(810)	$	1,694	$	1,910

The Company contributed $3,000 to Company-sponsored U.S. pension plans and ~~$1,400~~$1,362 to its other post-retirement benefit plans for the six months ended March 31, ~~2021.~~2022. The Company expects to make contributions of $3,000 to its U.S. pension plan and ~~$1,907~~$2,097 to its other post-retirement benefit plan for the remainder of fiscal ~~2021.~~2022. Additional contributions may be made to the U.S. pension plan as part of the Company’s capital allocation strategy, however, the amounts and timing have not yet been determined.

Note 7. Legal, Environmental and Other Contingencies

Legal

The Company is regularly involved in litigation, both as a plaintiff and as a defendant, relating to its business and operations, including environmental, commercial, asbestos, employment and federal and/or state Equal Employment Opportunity Commission administrative actions. Future expenditures for environmental, employment, intellectual property and other legal matters cannot be determined with any degree of certainty.

In January 2017, a customer based in the United Kingdom wrote to the Company making a claim in relation to certain product sold to that customer by the Company. This writing was followed up by claim correspondence in 2018, 2019 and January of 2020. The Company has engaged its legal advisors in the United Kingdom to respond to the claim. However, no further interaction has occurred since January 2020. The Company intends to pursue insurance coverage as and if necessary while vigorously defending against the customer claim. Based on the facts presently known, management does not believe that the claim will have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Environmental

The Company has received permits from the Indiana Department of Environmental Management and the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources to close and provide post-closure environmental monitoring and care for certain areas of its Kokomo, Indiana and Mountain Home, North Carolina facilities, respectively.

The Company is required to, among other things, monitor groundwater and to continue post-closure maintenance of the former disposal areas at each site. As a result, the Company is aware of elevated levels of certain contaminants in the groundwater, and additional testing and corrective action by the Company could be required. The Company is unable to estimate the costs of any further corrective action at these sites, if required. Accordingly, the Company cannot assure that the costs of any future corrective action at these or any other current or former sites would not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

As of September 30, ~~2020~~2021 and March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company ~~has~~had accrued ~~$602~~$566 for post-closure monitoring and maintenance activities, of which ~~$525~~$496 is included in long-term obligations as it is not due within one year. Accruals for these costs are calculated by estimating the cost to monitor and maintain each post-closure site and multiplying that amount by the number of years remaining in the post-closure monitoring.

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Expected maturities of post-closure monitoring and maintenance activities (discounted) included in long-term obligations are as follows at March 31, ~~2021.~~2022.


Expected maturities of post-closure monitoring and maintenance activities (discounted)
Year Ended September 30,
2022	$	67
Year Ending September 30,
2023		65	$	68
2024		87		89
2025		65		67
2026 and thereafter		241
2026				68
2027 and thereafter				204
	$	525	$	496

On February 11, 2016, the Company voluntarily reported to the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality a leak that it discovered in one of its chemical cleaning operations at its Arcadia, Louisiana facility. As a result of the discovery, the Company worked with that department to determine the extent of the issue and appropriate remediation. Management has completed the required remediation and is expecting a “No Further Action” notice from the department upon completion of related administrative action. Management does not currently expect that the remediation costs related to this matter will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations. As of April 29, 2021, pending resolution of this administrative matter with the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality, the Company has no outstanding environmental violations on either the state or federal level.

Note 8. Deferred Revenue

On November 17, 2006, the Company entered into a twenty-year agreement to provide conversion services to Titanium Metals Corporation (TIMET) for up to 10 million pounds of titanium metal annually. TIMET paid the Company a $50,000 up-front fee and will also pay the Company for its processing services during the term of the agreement ((20 ~~years)~~years) at prices established by the terms of the agreement. TIMET may exercise an option to have up to an additional 10 million ~~additional~~ pounds of titanium converted annually, provided that it offers to loan up to $12,000 to the Company for certain capital expenditures which may be required to expand capacity. In addition to the volume commitment, the Company has granted TIMET a first priority security interest in its four-high Steckel rolling mill, along with rights of access if the Company enters into bankruptcy or defaults on any financing arrangements. The Company has agreed not to manufacture titanium products (other than cold reduced titanium tubing). The Company has also agreed not to provide titanium hot-rolling conversion services to any entity other than TIMET for the term of the Conversion Services Agreement. The agreement contains certain default provisions which could result in contract termination and damages, including liquidated damages of $25,000 and the Company being required to return the unearned portion of the up-front fee. The Company considered each provision and the likelihood of the occurrence of a default that would result in liquidated damages. Based on the nature of the events that could trigger the liquidated damages clause, and the availability of the cure periods set forth in the agreement, the Company determined and continues to believe that none of these circumstances are reasonably likely to occur. Therefore, events resulting in liquidated damages have not been factored in as a reduction to the amount of revenue recognized over the life of the contract. The cash received of $50,000 is recognized in income on a straight-line basis over the 20-year term of the agreement. If an event of default occurred and was not cured within any applicable grace period, the Company would recognize the impact of the liquidated damages in the period of default and re-evaluate revenue recognition under the contract for future periods. The portion of the up-front fee not recognized in income is shown as deferred revenue on the ~~consolidated balance sheet.~~Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Note 9. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net

The Company has goodwill, trademarks, customer relationships and other intangibles. ~~As the customer~~Customer relationships have a definite life ~~they~~and are amortized over a ~~life~~period of fifteen years. The Company reviews customer relationships for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of the assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the asset.

Goodwill and trademarks (indefinite lived) are tested for impairment at least annually as of January 31 for goodwill and August 31 for trademarks (the annual impairment testing dates), orand more frequently if impairment indicators exist. If the carrying value of a trademark exceeds its fair value (determined using an income approach, based upon a discounted cash flow of an assumed royalty rate), impairment of the trademark may exist resulting in a charge to earnings to the extent of the impairment. The impairment test for goodwill is performed by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognizing an impairment loss in the event that the carrying amount is greater than the fair value. Any goodwill impairment loss recognized would not exceed the total carrying amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. NaN impairment has been recognized as of March 31, ~~2021.~~ 2022.

During the first six months of fiscal 2022, there were 0 changes in the carrying amount of goodwill.

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~~During the first six months of fiscal 2021, there were 0 changes in the carrying amount of goodwill.~~

Amortization of customer relationships and other intangibles was ~~$49~~$115 and ~~$115~~$118 for the three-month periods ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively, and ~~$100~~$231 and ~~$231~~$322 for the six-month periods ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively. The following represents a summary of intangible assets at September 30, ~~2020~~2021 and March 31, ~~2021.~~2022.


	Gross		Accumulated		Carrying		Gross		Accumulated		Carrying
September 30, 2020	Amount		Amortization		Amount
September 30, 2021							Amount		Amortization		Amount
Trademarks	$	3,800	$	—	$	3,800	$	3,800	$	—	$	3,800
Customer relationships		2,100		(858)		1,242		2,100		(995)		1,105
Other		291		(277)		14		997		(316)		681
	$	6,191	$	(1,135)	$	5,056	$	6,897	$	(1,311)	$	5,586


	Gross		Accumulated		Carrying		Gross		Accumulated		Carrying
March 31, 2021	Amount		Amortization		Amount
March 31, 2022							Amount		Amortization		Amount
Trademarks	$	3,800	$	—	$	3,800	$	3,800	$	—	$	3,800
Customer relationships		2,100		(927)		1,173		2,100		(1,062)		1,038
Other		987		(148)		839		997		(571)		426
	$	6,887	$	(1,075)	$	5,812	$	6,897	$	(1,633)	$	5,264


Estimated future Aggregate Amortization Expense:
Year Ended September 30,
2021	$	234
Year Ending September 30,
2022		466	$	459
2023		468		162
2024		126		126
2025		124		123
2026				120
Thereafter		594		474

Note 10. Net Income (Loss) Per Share

The Company accounts for earnings per share using the two-class method. The two-class method is an earnings allocation that determines net income per share for each class of common stock and participating securities according to participation rights in undistributed earnings. Non-vested restricted stock awards that include non-forfeitable rights to dividends are considered participating securities. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. The computation of diluted earnings per share is similar to basic earnings per share, except the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potentially dilutive common shares had been issued.

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The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings ~~(losses)~~(loss) per share for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended						Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	March 31,						March 31,						March 31,						March 31,
(in thousands, except share and per share data)	2020			2021			2020			2021			2021			2022			2021			2022
Numerator: Basic and Diluted
Net income (loss)	$	4,068		$	(3,632)		$	7,336		$	(11,659)		$	(3,632)		$	8,484		$	(11,659)		$	13,143
Dividends paid and accrued		(2,781)			(2,781)			(5,618)			(5,563)			(2,781)			(2,730)			(5,563)			(5,539)
Undistributed income (loss)		1,287			(6,413)			1,718			(17,222)			(6,413)			5,754			(17,222)			7,604
Percentage allocated to common shares ^(a)		99.3	%		100.0	%		99.3	%		100.0	%		100.0	%		99.0	%		100.0	%		99.0	%
Undistributed income (loss) allocated to common shares		1,279			(6,413)			1,707			(17,222)			(6,413)			5,697			(17,222)			7,525
Dividends paid on common shares outstanding		2,763			2,743			5,581			5,486			2,743			2,703			5,486			5,482
Net income (loss) available to common shares		4,042			(3,670)			7,288			(11,736)			(3,670)			8,400			(11,736)			13,007
Denominator: Basic and Diluted
Weighted average common shares outstanding		12,473,881			12,514,208			12,466,867			12,503,479			12,514,208			12,330,567			12,503,479			12,349,904
Adjustment for dilutive potential common shares		30,182			—			30,082			—			—			143,616			—			180,938
Weighted average shares outstanding - Diluted		12,504,063			12,514,208			12,496,949			12,503,479			12,514,208			12,474,183			12,503,479			12,530,842

Basic net income (loss) per share	$	0.32		$	(0.29)		$	0.58		$	(0.94)		$	(0.29)		$	0.68		$	(0.94)		$	1.05
Diluted net income (loss) per share	$	0.32		$	(0.29)		$	0.58		$	(0.94)		$	(0.29)		$	0.67		$	(0.94)		$	1.04

Number of stock option shares excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive		561,457			358,346			561,457			358,346			358,346			306,752			358,346			271,806
Number of restricted stock shares excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive		—			173,569			—			173,669			173,569			56,296			173,669			58,818
Number of deferred restricted stock shares excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive		—			28,833			—			32,225			28,833			3,507			32,225			3,646
Number of performance share awards excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive		—			46,231			—			55,349			46,231			51,326			55,349			72,059

^(a⁾ Percentage allocated to common shares - Weighted average
Common shares outstanding		12,473,881			12,514,208			12,466,867			12,503,479			12,514,208			12,330,567			12,503,479			12,349,904
Unvested participating shares		81,652			—			82,468			—			—			122,836			—			129,161
		12,555,533			12,514,208			12,549,335			12,503,479			12,514,208			12,453,403			12,503,479			12,479,065

Note 11. Stock-Based Compensation

Restricted Stock

The following table summarizes the activity under the 2016 and 2020 Incentive Compensation Plans with respect to restricted stock for the six months ended March 31, ~~2021:~~2022:


		Weighted			Weighted
		Average Fair			Average Fair
	Number of	Value At		Number of	Value At
	Shares	Grant Date		Shares	Grant Date
Unvested at September 30, 2020	141,680	$	27.71
Unvested at September 30, 2021				142,269	$	26.78
Granted	55,718	$	22.64	31,704	$	44.07
Forfeited / Canceled	(200)	$	35.49	(6,522)	$	28.79
Vested	(23,629)	$	32.80	(44,615)	$	29.88
Unvested at March 31, 2021	173,569	$	25.38
Unvested at March 31, 2022				122,836	$	30.01
Expected to vest	173,569	$	25.38	122,836	$	30.01

Compensation expense related to restricted stock for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$340~~$524 and ~~$524,~~$352, respectively and for the six months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$556~~$1,019 and ~~$1,019,~~$744, respectively. The remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock at March 31, ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$2,496,~~$1,949, to be recognized over a weighted average period of ~~1.18~~1.30 years. During the first six months of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, the Company repurchased ~~10,439~~13,798 shares of stock from employees at an average purchase price of ~~$22.81~~$42.52 to satisfy required withholding taxes upon vesting of restricted stock-based compensation.

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Deferred Restricted Stock

The following table summarizes the activity under the 2016 and 2020 Incentive Compensation Plans with respect to deferred restricted stock for the six months ended March 31, ~~2021.~~2022.


		Weighted			Weighted
		Average Fair			Average Fair
	Number of	Value At		Number of	Value At
	Shares	Grant Date		Shares	Grant Date
Unvested and deferred at September 30, 2020	5,152	$	31.78
Unvested and deferred at September 30, 2021				7,398	$	22.64
Granted	7,398	$	22.64	3,801	$	44.07
Vested and deferred	(5,152)	$	31.78	(7,398)	$	22.64
Unvested and deferred at March 31, 2021	7,398	$	22.64
Vested and deferred at March 31, 2021	21,435	$	31.97
Unvested and deferred at March 31, 2022				3,801	$	44.07
Vested and deferred at March 31, 2022				20,500	$	29.23

Compensation expense related to deferred restricted stock for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$58~~$42 and $42, respectively, and for the six months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$143~~$104 and ~~$104,~~$84, respectively. The remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to deferred restricted stock at March 31, ~~2021~~2022 was $112, to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.67 years. During the first six months of fiscal 2022, the Company repurchased 1,151 shares of stock from employees at an average purchase price of $41.78 to satisfy required withholding taxes upon release of deferred restricted stock-based compensation.

Performance Shares

The following table summarizes the activity under the 2016 and 2020 Incentive Compensation Plans with respect to performance shares for the six months ended March 31, ~~2021.~~2022.


		Weighted			Weighted
		Average Fair			Average Fair
	Number of	Value At		Number of	Value At
	Shares	Grant Date		Shares	Grant Date
Unvested at September 30, 2020	61,362	$	43.22
Unvested at September 30, 2021				87,193	$	37.24
Granted	39,031	$	28.23	21,520	$	61.04
Vested	(13,200)		38.43	(24,121)	$	43.42
Unvested at March 31, 2021	87,193	$	37.24
Forfeited / Canceled				(8,172)	$	42.97
Unvested at March 31, 2022				76,420	$	41.37

~~During the first six months of fiscal 2021, 13,200 performance share awards vested which resulted in the issuance of 11,366 shares of stock to certain employees.~~ Compensation expense related to the performance shares for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$238~~$287 and ~~$287,~~$224, respectively, and for the six months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$414~~$509 and ~~$509,~~$453, respectively. The remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to performance shares at March 31, ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$1,723,~~$1,811, to be recognized over a weighted average period of ~~1.52~~1.59 years.

Stock Options

The Company has elected to use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate fair value, which incorporates various assumptions including volatility, expected life, risk-free interest rates and dividend yields. The volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company’s common stock over the most recent period commensurate with the estimated expected term of the stock option granted. The Company uses historical volatility because management believes such volatility is representative of prospective trends. The expected term of an award is based on historical exercise data. The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon observed interest rates appropriate for the expected term of the awards. The dividend yield assumption is based on the Company’s history and expectations regarding dividend payouts at the time of the grant. The following assumptions were used for grants during fiscal year ~~2021:~~2022:


	Fair		Dividend		Risk-free		Expected		Expected		Fair		Dividend		Risk-free		Expected		Expected
Grant Date	Value		Yield		Interest Rate		Volatility		Life		Value		Yield		Interest Rate		Volatility		Life
November 24, 2020	$	5.91	3.89	%	0.39	%	43	%	5	years
November 23, 2021											$	15.02	2.00	%	1.22	%	45	%	5	years

The stock-based employee compensation expense for stock options for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$261~~$301 and ~~$301,~~$245, respectively, and for the six months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$518~~$581 and ~~$581,~~$537, respectively. The remaining unrecognized compensation expense at March 31, ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$1,794,~~$1,117, to be recognized over a weighted average vesting period of ~~1.49 years.~~

1.00 year.

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The following table summarizes the activity under ~~the stock option plans and~~ the 2016 and 2020 Incentive Compensation Plans with respect to stock options for the six months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and provides information regarding outstanding stock options:


						Weighted							Weighted
		Aggregate		Weighted		Average			Aggregate		Weighted		Average
		Intrinsic		Average		Remaining			Intrinsic		Average		Remaining
	Number of	Value		Exercise		Contractual		Number of	Value		Exercise		Contractual
	Shares	(000s)		Prices		Life		Shares	(000s)		Prices		Life
Outstanding at September 30, 2020	561,457			$	37.97
Outstanding at September 30, 2021								702,576			$	34.68
Granted	149,519			$	22.64			42,080			$	44.07
Exercised								(6,533)				34.27
Canceled	(8,400)			$	40.26			(22,478)			$	42.32
Outstanding at March 31, 2021	702,576	$	1,051	$	34.68	7.31	yrs.
Outstanding at March 31, 2022								715,645	$	6,035	$	35.00	6.58	yrs.
Vested or expected to vest	651,037	$	1,051	$	34.38	5.18	yrs.	650,351	$	5,482	$	34.99	4.31	yrs.
Exercisable at March 31, 2021	358,346	$	—	$	39.62	5.82	yrs.
Exercisable at March 31, 2022								503,300	$	3,554	$	36.60	5.82	yrs.

Note 12. Dividend

In the first and second quarters of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, the Company declared and paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.22 per outstanding share of the Company’s common stock. The first quarter dividend was paid on December 15, ~~2020~~2021 to stockholders of record at the close of business on December 1, ~~2020~~2021 and the second quarter dividend was paid on March 15, ~~2021~~2022 to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 1, ~~2021.~~2022. The dividend cash pay-outs were ~~$2,795~~$2,811 and ~~$2,809~~$2,776 for the first and second quarters of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, respectively.

On April ~~29, 2021,~~28, 2022, the Company announced that the Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.22 per outstanding share of the Company’s common stock. The dividend is payable June 15, ~~2021~~2022 to stockholders of record at the close of business on June 1, ~~2021.~~2022.

Note 13. Fair Value Measurements

The fair value hierarchy has three levels based on the inputs used to determine fair value.

● Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets that are unadjusted and accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;

● Level 2 — Quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or financial instruments for which significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly; and

● Level 3 — Prices or valuations that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.

When available, the Company uses unadjusted quoted market prices to measure fair ~~value and classifies such items within Level 1.~~value. If quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based upon internally-developed models that use, where possible, current market-based or independently-sourced market parameters such as interest rates and currency rates. Items valued using internally-generated models are classified according to the lowest level input or value driver that is significant to the valuation. ~~If quoted market prices are not available, the~~The valuation model used depends on the specific asset or liability being valued. ~~The fair value of cash~~

Fixed income securities are held as individual bonds and ~~cash equivalents is determined using Level~~are valued as either level 1 ~~information. The Company had no Level~~assets as they are quoted in active markets or level 2 ~~or Level 3 assets or liabilities as of September 30, 2020 or March 31, 2021.~~

~~U.S.~~assets. U.S and ~~international~~International equities, ~~fixed income~~ and ~~other investments~~Other Investments held in the Company’s pension plan are held as individual bonds or in mutual funds and common / collective funds which are valued using net asset value (NAV) provided by the administrator of the fund. The NAV is based on the value of the underlying assets owned by the fund, minus its liabilities, and then divided by the number of shares outstanding. These investments are not classified in the fair value hierarchy in accordance with guidance included in ASU 2015-07, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share (or Its Equivalent).

Note 14. Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) by Component

Comprehensive income (loss) includes changes in equity that result from transactions and economic events from non-owner sources. Comprehensive income (loss) consists of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss) items, including pension, post-retirement and foreign currency translation adjustments, primarily caused by the strengthening or weakening of the U.S. dollar against the British pound sterling, net of tax when applicable.

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
	Pension		Postretirement		Foreign
	Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31, 2019	$	(60,942)	$	(17,749)	$	(9,268)	$	(87,959)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		—		—		(3,918)		(3,918)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items ⁽¹⁾		52		—		—		52
Actuarial losses ⁽¹⁾		1,822		463		—		2,285
Tax benefit		(494)		(123)		—		(617)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		1,380		340		(3,918)		(2,198)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2020	$	(59,562)	$	(17,409)	$	(13,186)	$	(90,157)

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2021								Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
	Pension		Postretirement		Foreign				Pension		Postretirement		Foreign
	Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total		Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31, 2020	$	(63,865)	$	613	$	(4,971)	$	(68,223)	$	(63,865)	$	613	$	(4,971)	$	(68,223)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		—		—		(268)		(268)		—		—		(268)		(268)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items ⁽¹⁾		52		—		—		52		52		—		—		52
Actuarial losses ⁽¹⁾		1,939		—		—		1,939		1,939		—		—		1,939
Tax benefit		(464)		—		—		(464)	��	(464)		—		—		(464)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		1,527		—		(268)		1,259		1,527		—		(268)		1,259
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2021	$	(62,338)	$	613	$	(5,239)	$	(66,964)	$	(62,338)	$	613	$	(5,239)	$	(66,964)

	Six Months Ended March 31, 2020								Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Pension		Postretirement		Foreign				Pension		Postretirement		Foreign
	Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total		Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of September 30, 2019	$	(53,811)	$	(13,316)	$	(13,511)	$	(80,638)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31, 2021									$	(14,745)	$	8,971	$	(5,998)	$	(11,772)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		—		—		325		325		—		—		(1,429)		(1,429)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items ⁽¹⁾		103		—		—		103		52		—		—		52
Actuarial losses ⁽¹⁾		3,642		925		—		4,567		9		(60)		—		(51)
Tax benefit		(987)		(244)		—		(1,231)		(16)		14		—		(2)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		2,758		681		325		3,764		45		(46)		(1,429)		(1,430)
Reclass due to adoption of ASU 2018-02		(8,509)		(4,774)		—		(13,283)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2020	$	(59,562)	$	(17,409)	$	(13,186)	$	(90,157)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2022									$	(14,700)	$	8,925	$	(7,427)	$	(13,202)

	Six Months Ended March 31, 2021								Six Months Ended March 31, 2021
	Pension		Postretirement		Foreign				Pension		Postretirement		Foreign
	Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total		Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of September 30, 2020	$	(65,393)	$	613	$	(9,821)	$	(74,601)	$	(65,393)	$	613	$	(9,821)	$	(74,601)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		—		—		4,582		4,582		—		—		4,582		4,582
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items ⁽¹⁾		103		—		—		103		103		—		—		103
Actuarial losses ⁽¹⁾		3,879		—		—		3,879		3,879		—		—		3,879
Tax benefit		(927)		—		—		(927)
Tax provision (benefit)										(927)		—		—		(927)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		3,055		—		4,582		7,637		3,055		—		4,582		7,637
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2021	$	(62,338)	$	613	$	(5,239)	$	(66,964)	$	(62,338)	$	613	$	(5,239)	$	(66,964)

									Six Months Ended March 31, 2022
									Pension		Postretirement		Foreign
									Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of September 30, 2021									$	(14,791)	$	9,017	$	(6,567)	$	(12,341)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications										—		—		(860)		(860)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items ⁽¹⁾										103		—		—		103
Actuarial losses ⁽¹⁾										17		(120)		—		(103)
Tax provision (benefit)										(29)		28		—		(1)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)										91		(92)		(860)		(861)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2022									$	(14,700)	$	8,925	$	(7,427)	$	(13,202)

(1)

These accumulated other comprehensive income components are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost.

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Note 15. Long-term Obligations

The following table sets forth the components of the Company’s Long-term obligations.


	September 30,		March 31,		September 30,		March 31,
	2020		2021		2021		2022
Finance lease obligations	$	7,809	$	7,714	$	7,613	$	7,502
Environmental post-closure monitoring and maintenance activities		602		602		566		566
Long-term disability		251		241		231		220
Deferred dividends		139		98		210		161
Less amounts due within one year		(292)		(308)		(319)		(338)
Long-term obligations (less current portion)	$	8,509	$	8,347	$	8,301	$	8,111

Note 16. Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

The Company enters into foreign currency forward contracts to reduce income statement volatility resulting from foreign currency denominated transactions. The Company has not designated the contracts as hedges, therefore, changes in fair value are recognized in earnings. All of these contracts are designed to be settled within the same fiscal quarter they are entered into and, accordingly, as of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, there were no contracts that remain unsettled. As a result, there was no impact to the balance sheet from those contracts as of September 30, ~~2020~~2021 or March 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Foreign exchange contract gains and losses are recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations along with foreign currency transactional gains and losses as follows.



	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2020		2021		2020		2021		2021		2022		2021		2022
Foreign currency transactional gain (loss)	$	724	$	(89)	$	(347)	$	(542)	$	(89)	$	510	$	(542)	$	290
Foreign exchange forward contract gain (loss)	$	(501)	$	(108)	$	(22)	$	173	$	(108)	$	(1,119)	$	173	$	(1,459)
Net gain (loss) included in selling, general and administrative expense	$	223	$	(197)	$	(369)	$	(369)	$	(197)	$	(609)	$	(369)	$	(1,169)

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

References to years or portions of years in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations refer to the Company’s fiscal years ended September 30, unless otherwise indicated.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”) contains statements that constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, each as amended. All statements other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding market and industry prospects and future results of operations or financial position, made in this Form 10-Q are forward-looking. In many cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology, such as “may”, “should”, “expects”, “intends”, “plans”, “anticipates”, “believes”, “estimates”, “predicts”, “potential” or “continue” or the negative of such terms and other comparable terminology. The forward-looking information may include, among other information, statements concerning the Company’s outlook for fiscal ~~2021~~2022 and beyond, overall volume and pricing trends, cost reduction strategies and their anticipated ~~results~~impact on our results, capital expenditures, capital allocation strategies and their expected results, demand for our products and operations, dividends and the impact of COVID-19 on the economy and our business, including the measures taken by governmental authorities to address it, which may precipitate or exacerbate other risks and/or uncertainties. There may also be other statements of expectations, beliefs, future plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends and similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts. Readers are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, many of which are beyond the Company’s control.

The Company has based these forward-looking statements on its current expectations and projections about future events, including our expectations of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the Company believes that the assumptions on which the forward-looking statements contained herein are based are reasonable, any of those assumptions could prove to be inaccurate. As a result, the forward-looking statements based upon those assumptions also could be incorrect. Risks and uncertainties may affect the accuracy of forward-looking statements. Some, but not all, of these risks are described in Item 1A. of Part 1 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021.

~~Table of Contents~~

The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Business Overview

Haynes International, Inc. (“Haynes” or “the Company”) is one of the world’s largest producers of high-performance nickel and cobalt based alloys in sheet, coil and plate forms. The Company is focused on developing, manufacturing, marketing and distributing technologically advanced, high-performance alloys, which are sold primarily in the aerospace, chemical processing and industrial gas turbine industries. The Company’s products consist of high-temperature resistant alloys, or HTA products, and corrosion-resistant alloys, or CRA products. HTA products are used by manufacturers of equipment that is subjected to extremely high temperatures, such as jet engines, gas turbine engines, and industrial heating and heat treatment equipment. CRA products are used in applications that require resistance to very corrosive media found in chemical processing, power plant emissions control and hazardous waste treatment. Management believes Haynes is one of the principal producers of high-performance alloy flat products in sheet, coil and plate forms, and sales of these forms, in the aggregate, represented approximately ~~56%~~60% of net product revenues in fiscal ~~2020.~~2021. The Company also produces its products as seamless and welded tubulars, which represented approximately 14% of fiscal 2021 net product revenue and in wire form which represented approximately 10% of fiscal 2021 net product revenue. The Company also produces its products in slab, bar and billet forms and ~~wire forms.~~sales of these forms in the aggregate represented approximately 16% of net product revenue in fiscal 2021.

The Company has manufacturing facilities in Kokomo, Indiana; Arcadia, Louisiana; and Mountain Home, North Carolina. The Kokomo facility specializes in flat products, the Arcadia facility specializes in tubular products, and the Mountain Home facility specializes in wire products. The Company’s products are sold primarily through its direct sales organization, which includes 1211 service and/or sales centers in the United States, Europe and Asia. All of these centers are Company operated.

~~COVID-19 Pandemic~~Raw Material Sourcing and Availability

Recent geopolitical events with the Russian invasion of Ukraine have prompted economic sanctions on Russia. Prior to the war in Ukraine, the Company sourced approximately 95% of its nickel requirements from Canada with the remaining 5% in Russia. In ~~March 2020,~~reaction to the ~~World Health Organization characterized~~Russian invasion into the ~~COVID-19 virus as a pandemic,~~Ukraine, the Company has ceased all future purchases from Russia, and ~~the President~~at this time, does not

Table of ~~the United States declared the COVID-19 outbreak a national emergency. The rapid spread of the pandemic, and the continuously evolving responses to combat it, have had a significant negative impact~~Contents

believe that there will be limitations on the ~~global economy and~~availability of supply to meet its nickel requirements. Additionally, the ~~Company’s business.~~ Company has also ceased purchases of other raw materials from Russia such as chrome.

COVID-19 Pandemic

COVID-19 related disruptions negatively impacted the Company’s financial and operating results in the second half of fiscal 2020 and the first half of fiscal 2021. ~~In particular, the pandemic negatively impacted the aerospace supply chain which is absorbing significant downward adjustments to its forecasted demand.~~ The Company has accepted, with select aerospace customers, order push-outs and in some cases cancellations. Markets other than aerospace have also been depressed, with uncertainty and tight cash management impacting customer ordering patterns.

~~The Company has taken significant actions~~returned to reduce costs and position itself to manage through the current market disruption caused by COVID-19. While these actions are expected to continue to generate cost savings and cash benefits, additional actions may be required, although we believe that volumes shippedprofitability in the ~~first quarter of fiscal 2021 of 2.8 million pounds represent the bottom of this unprecedented economic and business downturn.~~

Despite the many challenging effects of the pandemic, the Company has been able to generate a total net cash increase of $47.4 million since March 31, 2020, gross margin percentage improved 880 basis points sequentially in the secondthird quarter of fiscal 2021 and ~~quarterly net revenues improved by 13.7% sequentially.~~has continued to expand profitability in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021 and the first half of fiscal 2022. The Company ~~has also~~expects continued ~~to pay its regular quarterly cash dividend~~increase in volume and profitability primarily driven by the expected continued recovery of ~~$0.22 per outstanding share throughout~~the aerospace market. The aerospace supply chain in particular was negatively impacted by the pandemic. Based upon published projections of aircraft engine builds, the Company currently expects monthly aerospace revenues to return to pre-pandemic levels by the end of this fiscal year.

Dividends Paid and Declared

In the first and second quarters of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, the Company declared and paid a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.22 per outstanding share of the Company’s common stock. The first quarter dividend was paid on December 15, ~~2020~~2021 to stockholders of record at the close of business on December 1, ~~2020,~~2021 and the second quarter dividend was paid on March ~~14, 2021~~15, 2022 to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 1, ~~2021.~~2022. The total dividend cash pay-outs in ~~each of~~both the first and second quarters were approximately $2.8 million based on the number of shares outstanding.

Capital Spending

During the first six months of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, capital investment was ~~$2.1~~$7.7 million, and total planned capital expenditures for fiscal ~~2021~~2022 are expected to be approximately ~~$10.0~~$17.7 million, which is below the Company’s depreciation levels.

Pension and Postretirement Plans

The Company’s U.S. pension glide path strategy is in place with changes to ~~allow~~the asset allocation including a customized liability-driven investing strategy, which is intended to reduce interest rate and equity risks. The Company expects significantly reduced volatility going forward related to the pension funding percentage (the U.S. pension plan is currently approximately 93% funded) and reduced pension and postretirement expense (first half declined by $3.0 million and fiscal year 2022 expense is expected to decline by $6.0 million). As of the end of the second quarter of fiscal 2022, the U.S. net pension liability was approximately $22.7 million, a reduction of $83.1 million below the $105.8 million on the balance sheet at the beginning of fiscal 2021. Inclusive of the retiree healthcare liability and U.K. pension asset, the net liability decrease is $96.1 million since the beginning of fiscal year 2021.

Volume and Pricing

Volume shipped in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 was 4.3 million pounds representing a sequential increase of 11.9% and a year-over-year increase of 23.2%. Aerospace volumes were 1.8 million pounds in the quarter, which is still below the pre-pandemic levels of the average fiscal 2019 levels by nearly 30%. While the volumes were down 3% sequentially, the year-over-year volume is up 53.6%. The Company continues to expect to return to fiscal 2019 monthly run-rate shipment levels by the end of fiscal year 2022 with increases in the second half of this year. Chemical processing volume increased sequentially 9.6% and year-over-year 27.6% driven by continued recovery from the pandemic and higher capital spending in the chemical sector. Industrial gas turbine (IGT) shipments increased sequentially 77.2%, due to some timing delays last quarter, and 33.1% year-over-year. Other markets sequentially decreased 41.9% and year-over-year by 59.3%. Other markets decreased due to lower flue-gas desulphurization (FGD) volumes. As business conditions continue to improve in the aerospace, IGT and CPI markets, a reduction in FGD shipments is expected as the Company utilizes its manufacturing capacity to produce higher value products. In addition, reductions due to timing of orders shipped had an impact on nuclear and consumer electronics shipments.

The Company has an ongoing strategy of increasing pricing and margins, recognizing the high-value, differentiated products and services the Company offers. The Company implemented multiple price increases for ~~maintaining reliability within operations.~~contract and non-contract business as market conditions improved and in response to higher inflation. Customer long-term agreements have adjustors for specific raw material prices and for producer price index to help cover general inflationary items. The product average selling price per pound in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 was $25.43, which increased 3.8% sequentially and 15.3% year-over-year due to the noted price increases, raw material adjustors as well as a higher value product mix.

Table of Contents

~~Volumes, Competition and Pricing~~

Overall volume improved sequentially in the second quarter of fiscal 2021 to 3.5 million pounds which was the best volume quarter since the pandemic began roughly one year ago. All four of the Company’s market categories improved with overall volume improving 26.1% in the second quarter compared sequentially to the first quarter of fiscal 2021. Management believes the first quarter was the bottom and that we have now come off the bottom of this COVID-19 driven downturn from a volume perspective. Looking at volume on a year-over-year basis, volume shipped decreased 18.6% with pounds shipped into the aerospace market down 47.9% in the second quarter of fiscal 2021 compared to the same period last year which was mostly prior to the announcement of the virus as a pandemic or a national emergency. The significant reduction in aerospace demand continues to be the main driver of our low overall levels due to the negative impact of the COVID-19 global pandemic. Volumes shipped into the industrial gas turbine market and other markets increased in the second quarter of fiscal 2021 compared to the same period last year while the volumes shipped into the chemical processing market remained relatively flat.

The product average selling price per pound in the second quarter of fiscal 2021 was $22.05, which decreased both sequentially and year-over-year due primarily to product mix. The Company continues to pursue price increases in its high-value differentiated products while also pursuing volume increases with competitively priced quotes of commodity product.

Set forth below are selected data relating to the Company’s net revenues, gross profit, backlog, the 30-day average nickel price per pound as reported by the London Metals Exchange and a breakdown of net revenues, shipments and average selling prices to the markets served by the Company for the periods shown. The data should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto and the remainder of “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in this Form 10-Q.

Net Revenue and Gross Profit Margin Performance:

Comparison by Quarter of Net Revenues, Gross Profit Margin and

Gross Profit Margin Percentage for Fiscal 2020 and 2021

Quarter Ended

December 31,

March 31,

June 30,

September 30,

December 31,

March 31,

(dollars in thousands)

2019

2020

2020

2020

2020

2021

Net Revenues

$
108,453

$
111,563

$
80,576

$
79,938

$
72,177

$
82,063

Gross Profit Margin

$
18,743

$
19,296

$
2,639

$
3,954

$
987

$
8,385

Gross Profit Margin %

17.3
%

17.3
%

3.3
%

4.9
%

1.4
%

10.2
%





	December 31,			March 31,			June 30,			September 30,			December 31,			March 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2020			2021			2021			2021			2021			2022
Net Revenues	$	72,177		$	82,063		$	88,143		$	95,278		$	99,430		$	117,056
Gross Profit Margin	$	987		$	8,385		$	13,658		$	16,700		$	17,777		$	23,413
Gross Profit Margin %		1.4	%		10.2	%		15.5	%		17.5	%		17.9	%		20.0	%

~~The significant drop in volumes resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic compressed~~Gross margins ~~significantly in the third~~continued to increase with a 20.0% gross margin this quarter compared to 17.9% last quarter and fourth quarters of fiscal 2020 to 3.3% and 4.9%, respectively. The volume impact was even more significant in the first quarter of fiscal 2021, compressing gross margins to 1.4% with volumes and revenue at their lowest point. Throughout this low volume COVID driven downturn, the Company faced the industry-wide challenge of reducing spending commensurate with reductions in production volume. Fixed overhead costs incurred that could not be reduced proportionally with reduced volume were directly charged to cost of sales as follows: $5.9 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2020, 4.0 million in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, $5.9 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2021, and $2.8 million10.2% in the second quarter of ~~fiscal 2021. Gross margins in the second quarter of fiscal 2021 improved sequentially by 880 basis points, primarily due~~last year. The Company has implemented focus initiatives designed to ~~higher volumes~~increase pricing and reduce costs. These initiatives, combined with ~~solid cost controls.~~improved volumes compared to the same quarter last year, has driven growth in gross margins and profitability at a much lower volume breakeven point. The Company previously needed to sell more than five million pounds to be profitable. Recent quarters demonstrate the Company’s successful reduction of its breakeven point by roughly 25% with the current mix. This quarter showed significant profitability leverage with increasing volumes to 4.3 million pounds shipped, showing continued traction and momentum as volumes recover along with rising raw material tailwinds.

Backlog

Quarter Ended

December 31,

March 31,

June 30,

September 30,

December 31,

March 31,


2019

2020

2020

2020

2020

2021

Backlog⁽¹⁾

Dollars (in thousands)

$
237,620

$
204,709

$
174,639

$
153,266

$
145,143

$
140,892

Pounds (in thousands)

8,231

6,930

5,643

5,485

5,607

5,622

Average selling price per pound

$
28.87

$
29.54

$
30.95

$
27.94

$
25.89

$
25.06

Average nickel price per pound

London Metals Exchange⁽²⁾

$
6.26

$
5.39

$
5.76

$
6.74

$
7.62

$
7.47



	December 31,		March 31,		June 30,		September 30,		December 31,		March 31,
	2020		2021		2021		2021		2021		2022
Backlog⁽¹⁾
Dollars (in thousands)	$	145,143	$	140,892	$	150,915	$	175,299	$	217,477	$	280,687
Pounds (in thousands)		5,607		5,622		6,642		7,084		8,931		10,654
Average selling price per pound	$	25.89	$	25.06	$	22.72	$	24.75	$	24.35	$	26.35
Average nickel price per pound
London Metals Exchange⁽²⁾	$	7.62	$	7.47	$	8.14	$	8.80	$	9.10	$	15.47

⁽¹⁾

Approximately 50% of the orders in the backlog include prices that are subject to adjustment based on changes in raw material costs. Historically, approximately 70% of the backlog orders have shipped within six months and approximately 90% have shipped within 12 ~~months, however, in~~months. The backlog figures do not reflect that portion of the ~~current economic environment, shipments may be delayed~~business conducted at service and sales centers on a spot or ~~cancelled in certain circumstances~~“just-in-time” basis.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~due to customer request. The backlog figures do not reflect that portion of the business conducted at service and sales centers on a spot or “just-in-time” basis.~~

⁽²⁾	Represents the average price for a cash buyer as reported by the London Metals Exchange for the 30 days ending on the last day of the period presented.

The Company experienced significant increases in order entry over the past quarter across each of its core markets, including aerospace, which had a $92.9 million order entry and a 1.8 book-to-bill ratio (customer orders divided by net revenues). Backlog was $280.7 million at March 31, 2022, an increase of $63.2 million, or 29.1%, from $217.5 million at December 31, 2021. Backlog pounds at March 31, 2022 increased 19.3% during the second quarter to approximately 10.7 million pounds, which is the highest level of backlog pounds in the Company’s history. The average selling price of products in the Company’s backlog increased to $26.35 per pound at March 31, 2022 from $24.35 per pound at December 31, 2021.

Table of Contents

Quarterly Market Information



	December 31,		March 31,		June 30,		September 30,		December 31,		March 31,
	2020		2021		2021		2021		2021		2022
Net revenues (in thousands)
Aerospace	$	24,555	$	30,601	$	33,950	$	38,966	$	48,455	$	52,918
Chemical processing		15,256		15,068		17,010		15,813		17,450		22,850
Industrial gas turbines		13,967		16,436		17,835		18,534		14,598		24,788
Other markets		12,779		15,546		13,709		16,056		14,487		9,755
Total product revenue		66,557		77,651		82,504		89,369		94,990		110,311
Other revenue		5,620		4,412		5,639		5,909		4,440		6,745
Net revenues	$	72,177	$	82,063	$	88,143	$	95,278	$	99,430	$	117,056

Shipments by markets (in thousands of pounds)
Aerospace		904		1,177		1,354		1,528		1,864		1,808
Chemical processing		601		682		814		722		794		870
Industrial gas turbines		798		1,064		1,147		1,178		799		1,416
Other markets		489		599		415		538		420		244
Total shipments		2,792		3,522		3,730		3,966		3,877		4,338

Average selling price per pound
Aerospace	$	27.16	$	26.00	$	25.07	$	25.50	$	26.00	$	29.27
Chemical processing		25.38		22.09		20.90		21.90		21.98		26.26
Industrial gas turbines		17.50		15.45		15.55		15.73		18.27		17.51
Other markets		26.13		25.95		33.03		29.84		34.49		39.98
Total product (product only; excluding other revenue)		23.84		22.05		22.12		22.53		24.50		25.43
Total average selling price (including other revenue)	$	25.85	$	23.30	$	23.63	$	24.02	$	25.65	$	26.98

Table of Contents

The Company has continued to experience lower than normal order entry levels attributable primarily to the global COVID-19 pandemic and its unprecedented impacts on the economy, including significant supply chain inventory reductions, however, the reduction in backlog appears to have levelled out. Backlog was $140.9 million at March 31, 2021, a decrease of $4.3 million, or 2.9%, from $145.1 million at December 31, 2020. Backlog pounds at March 31, 2021 increased sequentially during the first quarter of fiscal 2021 by 0.3% as compared to December 31, 2020. The average selling price of products in the Company’s backlog decreased to $25.06 per pound at March 31, 2021 from $25.89 per pound at December 31, 2020, reflecting a change in product mix to lower value products. Visibility continues to be limited due to the uncertainty surrounding the impact of COVID-19 and the various mitigation measures undertaken within the various supply chains.

~~Quarterly Market Information~~

Quarter Ended

December 31,

March 31,

June 30,

September 30,

December 31,

March 31,

2019

2020

2020

2020

2020

2021

Net revenues (in thousands)

Aerospace

$
58,843

$
59,172

$
40,375

$
33,590

$
24,555

$
30,601

Chemical processing

16,712

15,832

12,143

18,483

15,256

15,068

Industrial gas turbines

13,763

16,701

13,673

12,439

13,967

16,436

Other markets

11,875

12,762

11,203

9,259

12,779

15,546

Total product revenue

101,193

104,467

77,394

73,771

66,557

77,651

Other revenue

7,260

7,096

3,182

6,167

5,620

4,412

Net revenues

$
108,453

$
111,563

$
80,576

$
79,938

$
72,177

$
82,063

Shipments by markets (in thousands of pounds)

Aerospace

2,303

2,261

1,523

1,142

904

1,177

Chemical processing

788

689

578

789

601

682

Industrial gas turbines

825

990

768

752

798

1,064

Other markets

306

386

302

264

489

599

Total shipments

4,222

4,326

3,171

2,947

2,792

3,522

Average selling price per pound

Aerospace

$
25.55

$
26.17

$
26.51

$
29.41

$
27.16

$
26.00

Chemical processing

21.21

22.98

21.01

23.43

25.38

22.09

Industrial gas turbines

16.68

16.87

17.80

16.54

17.50

15.45

Other markets

38.81

33.06

37.10

35.07

26.13

25.95

Total product (product only; excluding other revenue)

23.97

24.15

24.41

25.03

23.84

22.05

Total average selling price (including other revenue)

$
25.69

$
25.79

$
25.41

$
27.13

$
25.85

$
23.30

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021

Three Months Ended March 31,

Change

2020

2021

Amount

%

Net revenues

$
111,563

100.0
%
$
82,063

100.0
%
$
(29,500)

(26.4)
%
Cost of sales

92,267

82.7
%

73,678

89.8
%

(18,589)

(20.1)
%
Gross profit

19,296

17.3
%

8,385

10.2
%

(10,911)

(56.5)
%
Selling, general and administrative expense

10,785

9.7
%

11,257

13.7
%

472

4.4
%
Research and technical expense

1,028

0.9
%

864

1.1
%

(164)

(16.0)
%
Operating income (loss)

7,483

6.7
%

(3,736)

(4.6)
%

(11,219)

(149.9)
%
Nonoperating retirement benefit expense

1,700

1.5
%

359

0.4
%

(1,341)

(78.9)
%
Interest income

(10)

(0.0)
%

(1)

(0.0)
%

9

(90.0)
%
Interest expense

296

0.3
%

298

0.4
%

2

0.7
%
Income (loss) before income taxes

5,497

4.9
%

(4,392)

(5.4)
%

(9,889)

(179.9)
%
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

1,429

1.3
%

(760)

(0.9)
%

(2,189)

(153.2)
%
Net income (loss)

$
4,068

3.6
%
$
(3,632)

(4.4)
%
$
(7,700)

(189.3)
%

~~Table of Contents~~

~~The following table sets forth certain financial information as a percentage of net revenues for the periods indicated and compares such information between periods.~~

Three Months Ended

March 31,

Change

By market

2020

2021

Amount

%

Net revenues (dollars in thousands)

Aerospace

$
59,172

$
30,601

$
(28,571)

(48.3)
%
Chemical processing

15,832

15,068

(764)

(4.8)
%
Industrial gas turbine

16,701

16,436

(265)

(1.6)
%
Other markets

12,762

15,546

2,784

21.8
%
Total product revenue

104,467

77,651

(26,816)

(25.7)
%
Other revenue

7,096

4,412

(2,684)

(37.8)
%
Net revenues

$
111,563

$
82,063

$
(29,500)

(26.4)
%
Pounds by market (in thousands)

Aerospace

2,261

1,177

(1,084)

(47.9)
%
Chemical processing

689

682

(7)

(1.0)
%
Industrial gas turbine

990

1,064

74

7.5
%
Other markets

386

599

213

55.2
%
Total shipments

4,326

3,522

(804)

(18.6)
%
Average selling price per pound

Aerospace

$
26.17

$
26.00

$
(0.17)

(0.6)
%
Chemical processing

22.98

22.09

(0.89)

(3.9)
%
Industrial gas turbine

16.87

15.45

(1.42)

(8.4)
%
Other markets

33.06

25.95

(7.11)

(21.5)
%
Total product (excluding other revenue)

24.15

22.05

(2.10)

(8.7)
%
Total average selling price (including other revenue)

$
25.79

$
23.30

$
(2.49)

(9.7)
%

~~Net Revenues.~~ Net revenues were $82.1 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2021, a decrease of 26.4% from $111.6 million in the same period of fiscal 2020. Volume was 3.5 million pounds in the second quarter of fiscal 2021, a decrease of 18.6% from 4.3 million pounds in the same period of fiscal 2020. The decrease in volume is primarily attributable to the slowdown in demand caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, primarily impacting the aerospace supply chain, partially offset by increased sales pounds in the flue-gas desulfurization market. The product average selling price was $22.05 per pound in the second quarter of fiscal 2021, a decrease of 8.7% from $24.15 per pound in the same period of fiscal 2020. The decrease in average selling price per pound largely reflects a lower value product mix and other pricing considerations, which decreased the average selling price per pound by approximately $3.16, partially offset by higher market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $1.06.

Sales to the aerospace market were $30.6 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2021, a decrease of 48.3% from $59.2 million in the same period of fiscal 2020, due to a 47.9% decrease in volume, combined with a 0.6% decrease in average selling price per pound. Demand in the aerospace market declined primarily due to the decreased demand for air travel caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting impact of an elevated supply of inventory throughout the aerospace supply chain, which was also compounded by the undelivered new planes which were already built (primarily the Boeing 737 MAX) and the significant number of planes taken out of service. The decrease in average selling price per pound largely reflects a lower value product mix and other pricing factors, which decreased average selling price per pound by approximately $1.24, partially offset by higher market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $1.07.

Sales to the chemical processing market were $15.1 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2021, a decrease of 4.8% from $15.8 million in the same period of fiscal 2020, due to a 1.0% decrease in volume, combined with a 3.9% decrease in average selling price per pound. Volume was lower primarily due to decreased special project shipments in the second quarter of fiscal 2021 caused by customers in the chemical industry delaying capital expenditure decisions. The decrease in average selling price per pound reflects a lower value product mix, as well as pricing competition and other factors, which decreased average selling price per pound by approximately $1.87, partially offset by higher market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.98.

Sales to the industrial gas turbine market were $16.4 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2021, a decrease of 1.6% from $16.7 million for the same period of fiscal 2020, due to a decrease in average selling price per pound of 8.4%, partially offset by an increase in volume of 7.5%. The increase in volume is primarily attributable to increased shipments to a new customer, which represents market share gain. The decrease in average selling price per pound reflects a lower value product mix and pricing competition and other factors,

~~Table of Contents~~

which decreased average selling price per pound by approximately $2.59, partially offset by higher market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $1.17.

Sales to other markets were $15.5 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2021, an increase of 21.8% from $12.8 million in the same period of fiscal 2020, due to an increase in volume of 55.2%, partially offset by a 21.5% decrease in average selling price per pound. The increase in volume was primarily related to an increase in demand in the flue-gas desulphurization market. The average selling price per pound decrease reflects a lower-value product mix and other pricing factors, which decreased average selling price per pound by approximately $8.04, combined with higher market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.93.

~~Other Revenue.~~ Other revenue was $4.4 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2021, a decrease of 37.8% from $7.1 million in the same period of fiscal 2020. The decrease was due primarily to decreased toll conversion, especially toll conversion customers with exposure to the aerospace industry.

~~Cost of Sales.~~ Cost of sales was $73.7 million, or 89.8% of net revenues, in the second quarter of fiscal 2021 compared to $92.3 million, or 82.7% of net revenues, in the same period of fiscal 2020. The decrease was primarily due to lower volumes combined with the Company’s actions taken to lower costs in response to COVID-19, partially offset by reduced absorption due to the lower volumes.

~~Gross Profit.~~ As a result of the above factors, gross profit was $8.4 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2021, a decrease of $10.9 million from the same period of fiscal 2020. Gross margin as a percentage of net revenue decreased to 10.2% in the second quarter of fiscal 2021 as compared to 17.3% in the same period of fiscal 2020.

~~Selling, General and Administrative Expense.~~ Selling, general and administrative expense was $11.3 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2021, an increase of $0.5 million, or 4.4%, from the same period of fiscal 2020. Selling, general and administrative expense as a percentage of net revenues increased to 13.7% for the second quarter of fiscal 2021 compared to 9.7% for the same period of fiscal 2020. Changes in incentive compensation expense and foreign exchange losses were partially offset by cost saving measures, primarily due to headcount reductions, reduced executive salaries, reduced board fees and reduced travel and entertainment expenses.

~~Research and Technical Expense.~~ Research and technical expense was $0.9 million, or 1.1% of net revenue, for the second quarter of fiscal 2021, compared to $1.0 million, or 0.9% of net revenue, in the same period of fiscal 2020. The reduction in spend as compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2020 is primarily attributable to lower salaries and wages as a result of lower hours worked and reduced headcount.

~~Operating Income/(Loss).~~ ~~As a result of the above factors, operating loss in the second quarter of fiscal 2021 was ($3.7) million compared to operating income of $7.5 million in the same period of fiscal 2020.~~

~~Nonoperating retirement benefit expense.~~ Nonoperating retirement benefit expense was $0.4 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2021 compared to $1.7 million in the same period of fiscal 2020. The decrease in expense was primarily driven by favorable retiree health care spending and higher than expected return on plan assets.

~~Income Taxes.~~ Income tax benefit was $0.8 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2021, a difference of $2.2 million from income tax expense of $1.4 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2020, driven primarily by a difference in income (loss) before income taxes of $9.9 million. Additionally, income tax benefit is being adversely impacted by certain expenses related to executive compensation that are deemed non-deductible.

~~Net Income/(Loss).~~ ~~As a result of the above factors, net loss in the second quarter of fiscal 2021 was ($3.6) million, compared to net income of $4.1 million in the same period of fiscal 2020.~~

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended March 31, 2021 Compared to the Six Months Ended March 31, 2020~~

Six Months Ended March 31,

Change

2020

2021

Amount

%

Net revenues

$
220,016

100.0
%
$
154,240

100.0
%
$
(65,776)

(29.9)
%
Cost of sales

181,977

82.7
%

144,868

93.9
%

(37,109)

(20.4)
%
Gross profit

38,039

17.3
%

9,372

6.1
%

(28,667)

(75.4)
%
Selling, general and administrative expense

22,292

10.1
%

20,990

13.6
%

(1,302)

(5.8)
%
Research and technical expense

1,910

0.9
%

1,651

1.1
%

(259)

(13.6)
%
Operating income (loss)

13,837

6.3
%

(13,269)

(8.6)
%

(27,106)

(195.9)
%
Nonoperating retirement benefit expense

3,400

1.5
%

718

0.5
%

(2,682)

(78.9)
%
Interest income

(24)

(0.0)
%

(5)

(0.0)
%

19

(79.2)
%
Interest expense

547

0.2
%

602

0.4
%

55

10.1
%
Income (loss) before income taxes

9,914

4.5
%

(14,584)

(9.5)
%

(24,498)

(247.1)
%
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

2,578

1.2
%

(2,925)

(1.9)
%

(5,503)

(213.5)
%
Net income (loss)

$
7,336

3.3
%
$
(11,659)

(7.6)
%
$
(18,995)

(258.9)
%

The following table sets forth certain financial information as a percentage of net revenues for the periods indicated and compares such information between periods.

Six Months Ended

March 31,

Change


2020

2021

Amount

%

Net revenues (dollars in thousands)

Aerospace

$
118,015

$
55,156

$
(62,859)

(53.3)
%
Chemical processing

32,544

30,324

(2,220)

(6.8)
%
Industrial gas turbine

30,464

30,403

(61)

(0.2)
%
Other markets

24,637

28,325

3,688

15.0
%
Total product revenue

205,660

144,208

(61,452)

(29.9)
%
Other revenue

14,356

10,032

(4,324)

(30.1)
%
Net revenues

$
220,016

$
154,240

$
(65,776)

(29.9)
%
Pounds by market (in thousands)

Aerospace

4,564

2,081

(2,483)

(54.4)
%
Chemical processing

1,477

1,283

(194)

(13.1)
%
Industrial gas turbine

1,815

1,862

47

2.6
%
Other markets

692

1,088

396

57.2
%
Total shipments

8,548

6,314

(2,234)

(26.1)
%
Average selling price per pound

Aerospace

$
25.86

$
26.50

$
0.64

2.5
%
Chemical processing

22.03

23.64

1.61

7.3
%
Industrial gas turbine

16.78

16.33

(0.45)

(2.7)
%
Other markets

35.60

26.03

(9.57)

(26.9)
%
Total product (excluding other revenue)

24.06

22.84

(1.22)

(5.1)
%
Total average selling price (including other revenue)

$
25.74

$
24.43

$
(1.31)

(5.1)
%


	Three Months Ended March 31,								Change
	2021				2022				Amount		%
Net revenues	$	82,063	100.0	%	$	117,056	100.0	%	$	34,993	42.6	%
Cost of sales		73,678	89.8	%		93,643	80.0	%		19,965	27.1	%
Gross profit		8,385	10.2	%		23,413	20.0	%		15,028	179.2	%
Selling, general and administrative expense		11,257	13.7	%		11,782	10.1	%		525	4.7	%
Research and technical expense		864	1.1	%		944	0.8	%		80	9.3	%
Operating income (loss)		(3,736)	(4.6)	%		10,687	9.1	%		14,423	(386.1)	%
Nonoperating retirement benefit expense		359	0.4	%		(1,088)	(0.9)	%		(1,447)	(403.1)	%
Interest income		(1)	(0.0)	%		(6)	(0.0)	%		(5)	500.0	%
Interest expense		298	0.4	%		514	0.4	%		216	72.5	%
Income (loss) before income taxes		(4,392)	(5.4)	%		11,267	9.6	%		15,659	(356.5)	%
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes		(760)	(0.9)	%		2,783	2.4	%		3,543	(466.2)	%
Net income (loss)	$	(3,632)	(4.4)	%	$	8,484	7.2	%	$	12,116	(333.6)	%

The following table includes a breakdown of net revenues, shipments and average selling prices to the markets served by the Company for the periods shown.


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,				Change
By market	2021		2022		Amount		%
Net revenues (dollars in thousands)
Aerospace	$	30,601	$	52,918	$	22,317	72.9	%
Chemical processing		15,068		22,850		7,782	51.6	%
Industrial gas turbine		16,436		24,788		8,352	50.8	%
Other markets		15,546		9,755		(5,791)	(37.3)	%
Total product revenue		77,651		110,311		32,660	42.1	%
Other revenue		4,412		6,745		2,333	52.9	%
Net revenues	$	82,063	$	117,056	$	34,993	42.6	%
Pounds by market (in thousands)
Aerospace		1,177		1,808		631	53.6	%
Chemical processing		682		870		188	27.6	%
Industrial gas turbine		1,064		1,416		352	33.1	%
Other markets		599		244		(355)	(59.3)	%
Total shipments		3,522		4,338		816	23.2	%
Average selling price per pound
Aerospace	$	26.00	$	29.27	$	3.27	12.6	%
Chemical processing		22.09		26.26		4.17	18.9	%
Industrial gas turbine		15.45		17.51		2.06	13.3	%
Other markets		25.95		39.98		14.03	54.1	%
Total product (excluding other revenue)		22.05		25.43		3.38	15.3	%
Total average selling price (including other revenue)	$	23.30	$	26.98	$	3.68	15.8	%

Net Revenues. Net revenues were ~~$154.2~~$117.1 million in the ~~first six months~~second quarter of fiscal ~~2021, a decrease~~2022, an increase of ~~29.9%~~42.6% from ~~$220.0~~$82.1 million in the same period of fiscal ~~2020.~~2021. Volume was ~~6.3~~4.3 million pounds in the ~~first six months~~second quarter of fiscal ~~2021, a decrease~~2022, an increase of ~~26.1%~~23.2% from ~~8.5~~3.5 million pounds in the same period of fiscal ~~2020.~~2021. The ~~decrease~~increase in ~~volume was primarily caused by COVID-19~~pounds sold is due to the demand recovery and ~~issues~~strong sales in the aerospace ~~supply chain due to~~market, which increased by 53.6%, as well as the ~~737 MAX, partially offset~~chemical processing and industrial gas turbine markets, which increased by ~~increased volumes in~~27.6% and 33.1%, respectively, from the ~~flue gas desulfurization market.~~second quarter of fiscal 2021. The product average selling price was ~~$22.84~~$25.43 per pound in the ~~first six months~~second quarter of fiscal ~~2021, a decrease~~2022, an increase of ~~5.1%~~15.3% from ~~$24.06~~$22.05 per pound in the same period of fiscal ~~2020.~~2021. The ~~average selling price decreased as a result of a lower value mix and other pricing considerations as compared to the same period of fiscal 2020, which decreased the~~increase in product average selling price per pound ~~by approximately $1.84, partially offset by~~largely reflects higher ~~raw material~~ market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound ~~by approximately $0.62.~~

Sales to the aerospace market were $55.2 million in the first six months of fiscal 2021, a decrease of 53.3% from $118.0 million in the same period of fiscal 2020, due to a 54.4%, or 2.5 million pound, decrease in volume, partially offset by a 2.5%, or $0.64, increase in average selling price per pound. The decrease in volume is due to COVID-19 and the reduced demand in the supply chain for the

2421

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~~Boeing 737 MAX. The average selling~~by approximately $2.75, along with a higher-value product mix and price ~~per pound reflects an increase in raw material market prices and a higher value product mix,~~increases, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately ~~$1.04,~~$0.63.

Sales to the aerospace market were $52.9 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2022, an increase of 72.9% from $30.6 million in the same period of fiscal 2021, due to a 53.6% increase in volume and a 12.6% increase in average selling price per pound. The aerospace market has experienced increased demand as inventory throughout the aerospace supply chain continues to be replenished in response to the expected increase in engine build rates. Additionally, demand in the second quarter of fiscal 2021 was depressed by the COVID-19 pandemic, that decreased demand for air travel resulting in decreased demand for new planes and maintenance parts. The increase in average selling price per pound largely reflects higher market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $2.65, along with a higher-value product mix and other pricing factors, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.62.

Sales to the chemical processing market were $22.9 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2022, an increase of 51.6% from $15.1 million in the same period of fiscal 2021, due to a 27.6% increase in volume and an 18.9% increase in average selling price per pound. Volume was higher as industrial activity increased with economies continuing to reopen from pandemic shutdowns as well as increases in oil prices resulting in expanded capital expenditures in the sector. The increase in average selling price per pound reflects higher market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $2.85 along with a higher-value product mix and other pricing factors, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $1.32.

Sales to the industrial gas turbine market were $24.8 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2022, an increase of 50.8% from $16.4 million for the same period of fiscal 2021, due to a 33.1% increase in volume and a 13.3% increase in average selling price per pound. The increase in average selling price per pound reflects higher market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $2.69 along with other pricing considerations which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.25, partially offset by ~~increased competition and other pricing factors,~~a lower-value product mix, which decreased average selling price per pound by approximately ~~$0.40.~~$0.88.

Sales to ~~the chemical processing market~~other markets were ~~$30.3~~$9.8 million in the ~~first six months~~second quarter of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, a decrease of ~~6.8%~~37.3% from ~~$32.5~~$15.5 million in the same period of fiscal ~~2020,~~2021, due to a ~~13.1%~~59.3% decrease in volume, partially offset by a ~~7.3%, or $1.61,~~54.1% increase in average selling price per pound. The decrease in volume was primarily ~~due~~attributable to lower ~~specialty application project revenue in~~shipments into the ~~first six months of fiscal 2020 compared~~flue-gas desulphurization market which also contributed to ~~the same period last year.~~an improved product mix. The average selling price per pound increase reflects ~~an increase in raw material market prices and~~ a ~~higher value~~higher-value product mix and other pricing factors, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately ~~$3.27, partially offset by increased competition and other pricing factors, which decreased average selling price per pound by approximately $1.66.~~

Sales to the industrial gas turbine market were $30.4 million in the first six months of fiscal 2021, a decrease of 0.2% from $30.5 million for the same period of fiscal 2020, due to an increase in volume of 2.6%, partially offset by a decrease in average selling price per pound of 2.7%, or $0.45. The increase in volume is primarily attributable to the impact of the Company’s share gain initiative. The decrease in average selling price per pound primarily reflects declined pricing due to competition and other factors combined with a lower value product mix, which decreased average selling price per pound by approximately $1.10, partially offset by$10.55, as well as higher ~~raw material~~ market prices ~~which increased the average selling price per pound by approximately $0.65.~~

~~Sales to other markets were $28.3 million in the first six months~~ of fiscal 2021, an increase of 15.0% from $24.6 million in the same period of fiscal 2020, due to a 57.2% increase in volume, partially offset by a 26.9% decrease in average selling price per pound. The increase in volume was primarily due to an increase in sales to the flue-gas desulfurization market. The decrease in average selling price reflects a lower value product mix and increased competition and other factors, which decreased average selling price per pound by approximately $10.07, partially offset by higher raw ~~material market prices,~~materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately ~~$0.50.~~$3.48.

Other Revenue. Other revenue was ~~$10.0~~$6.7 million in the ~~first six months~~second quarter of fiscal ~~2021, a decrease~~2022, an increase of ~~30.1%~~52.9% from ~~$14.4~~$4.4 million in the same period of fiscal ~~2020.~~2021. The ~~decrease~~increase was due primarily ~~due~~ to ~~decreased~~increased toll conversion.

Cost of Sales. Cost of sales was ~~$144.9~~$93.6 million, or ~~93.9%~~80.0% of net revenues, in the ~~first six months~~second quarter of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$182.0~~$73.7 million, or ~~82.7%~~89.8% of net revenues, in the same period of fiscal ~~2020. This~~2021. The decrease in costs as a percentage of revenues was primarily ~~due~~attributable to ~~lower~~variable cost saving measures that enable the Company to minimize the increase in costs in periods of higher net revenues. Additionally, higher volumes sold ~~combined with continued traction~~during the quarter improved the utilization of fixed costs and eliminated the requirement that fixed costs be directly expensed, as was the case in the ~~Company’s cost reduction initiatives, partially offset by lower fixed cost absorption.~~second quarter of fiscal 2021, which had $2.8 million of costs directly expensed to Cost of Sales.

Gross Profit. As a result of the above factors, gross profit was ~~$9.4~~$23.4 million for the ~~first six months~~second quarter of fiscal ~~2021, a decrease~~2022, an increase of ~~$28.7~~$15.0 million from the same period of fiscal ~~2020.~~2021. Gross profit as a percentage of net revenue ~~decreased~~increased to ~~6.1%~~20.0% in the ~~first six months~~second quarter of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 as compared to ~~17.3%~~10.2% in the same period of fiscal ~~2020.~~2021. The second quarter of fiscal 2021 was adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic as volumes were significantly reduced.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense. Selling, general and administrative expense was ~~$21.0~~$11.8 million for the ~~first six months~~second quarter of fiscal ~~2021, a decrease~~2022, an increase of ~~$1.3~~$0.5 million, or 4.7%, from the same period of fiscal 2020. This decrease is primarily attributable to lower expense due to significant cost saving measures taken as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, including headcount reductions and other measures partially offset by changes to incentive compensation expenses.2021. Selling, general and administrative expense as a percentage of net revenues ~~increased~~decreased to ~~13.6%~~10.1% for the ~~first six months~~second quarter of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~10.1%~~13.7% for the same period of fiscal ~~2020.~~2021, largely driven by higher net revenues. Higher foreign exchange losses as well as general inflation were the primary drivers of the increased expense in the second quarter of fiscal 2022. Additionally, some temporary cost containment initiatives that were in place during the first quarter of fiscal 2021, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, were subsequently ended, which contributed to the higher expense in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 as compared to the same period of fiscal 2021.

Research and Technical Expense. Research and technical expense was ~~$1.7~~$0.9 million, or 0.8% of net revenue, for the second quarter of fiscal 2022, compared to $0.9 million, or 1.1% of net revenue, in the same period of fiscal 2021.

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Operating Income/(Loss). As a result of the above factors, including increased sales volume and higher pricing as well as improved gross profit, operating income in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 was $10.7 million compared to operating loss of $(3.7) million in the same period of fiscal 2021.

Nonoperating retirement benefit expense. Nonoperating retirement benefit expense was a benefit of $1.1 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 compared to an expense of $0.4 million in the same period of fiscal 2021. The difference was primarily driven by a favorable actuarial valuation of the U.S. pension plan liability as of September 30, 2021 caused by a higher-than-expected return on plan assets coupled with a higher discount rate. The amortization of this favorable valuation is recorded as a benefit to Nonoperating retirement benefit expense.

Income Taxes. Income tax expense was $2.8 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2022, a difference of $3.5 million from an income tax benefit of $0.8 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2021, driven primarily by a difference in income (loss) before income taxes of $15.7 million.

Net Income/(Loss). As a result of the above factors, net income in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 was $8.5 million, compared to net loss of $(3.6) million in the same period of fiscal 2021.

Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended March 31, 2022 Compared to the Six Months Ended March 31, 2021


	Six Months Ended March 31,								Change
	2021				2022				Amount		%
Net revenues	$	154,240	100.0	%	$	216,486	100.0	%	$	62,246	40.4	%
Cost of sales		144,868	93.9	%		175,296	81.0	%		30,428	21.0	%
Gross profit		9,372	6.1	%		41,190	19.0	%		31,818	339.5	%
Selling, general and administrative expense		20,990	13.6	%		23,144	10.7	%		2,154	10.3	%
Research and technical expense		1,651	1.1	%		1,849	0.9	%		198	12.0	%
Operating income (loss)		(13,269)	(8.6)	%		16,197	7.5	%		29,466	(222.1)	%
Nonoperating retirement benefit expense		718	0.5	%		(2,176)	(1.0)	%		(2,894)	(403.1)	%
Interest income		(5)	(0.0)	%		(14)	(0.0)	%		(9)	180.0	%
Interest expense		602	0.4	%		814	0.4	%		212	35.2	%
Income (loss) before income taxes		(14,584)	(9.5)	%		17,573	8.1	%		32,157	(220.5)	%
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes		(2,925)	(1.9)	%		4,430	2.0	%		7,355	(251.5)	%
Net income (loss)	$	(11,659)	(7.6)	%	$	13,143	6.1	%	$	24,802	(212.7)	%

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The following table sets forth certain financial information as a percentage of net revenues for the periods indicated and compares such information between periods.


	Six Months Ended
	March 31,				Change
	2021		2022		Amount		%
Net revenues (dollars in thousands)
Aerospace	$	55,156	$	101,373	$	46,217	83.8	%
Chemical processing		30,324		40,300		9,976	32.9	%
Industrial gas turbine		30,403		39,386		8,983	29.5	%
Other markets		28,325		24,242		(4,083)	(14.4)	%
Total product revenue		144,208		205,301		61,093	42.4	%
Other revenue		10,032		11,185		1,153	11.5	%
Net revenues	$	154,240	$	216,486	$	62,246	40.4	%
Pounds by market (in thousands)
Aerospace		2,081		3,672		1,591	76.5	%
Chemical processing		1,283		1,664		381	29.7	%
Industrial gas turbine		1,862		2,215		353	19.0	%
Other markets		1,088		664		(424)	(39.0)	%
Total shipments		6,314		8,215		1,901	30.1	%
Average selling price per pound
Aerospace	$	26.50	$	27.61	$	1.11	4.2	%
Chemical processing		23.64		24.22		0.58	2.5	%
Industrial gas turbine		16.33		17.78		1.45	8.9	%
Other markets		26.03		36.51		10.48	40.3	%
Total product (excluding other revenue)		22.84		24.99		2.15	9.4	%
Total average selling price (including other revenue)	$	24.43	$	26.35	$	1.92	7.9	%

Net Revenues. Net revenues were $216.5 million in the first six months of fiscal 2022, an increase of 40.4% from $154.2 million in the same period of fiscal 2021. Volume was 8.2 million pounds in the first six months of fiscal 2022, an increase of 30.1% from 6.3 million pounds in the same period of fiscal 2021. The increase in pounds sold is due to the demand recovery and strong sales in the aerospace market, which increased by 83.8%, as well as the chemical processing and industrial gas turbine markets, which increased by 32.9% and 29.5%, respectively, from the first six months of fiscal 2021. The product average selling price was $24.99 per pound in the first six months of fiscal 2022, an increase of 9.4% from $22.84 per pound in the same period of fiscal 2021. The increase in product average selling price per pound largely reflects higher market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $2.38, along with other pricing considerations, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.22, partially offset by a lower-value product mix, which decreased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.45.

Sales to the aerospace market were $101.4 million in the first six months of fiscal 2022, an increase of 83.8% from $55.2 million in the same period of fiscal 2021, due to a 76.5% increase in volume and a 4.2% increase in average selling price per pound. The aerospace market has experienced increased demand as inventory throughout the aerospace supply chain continues to be replenished in response to the expected increase in engine build rates. Additionally, demand in the first six months of fiscal 2021 was depressed by the COVID-19 pandemic, that decreased demand for air travel resulting in decreased demand for new planes and maintenance parts. The increase in average selling price per pound largely reflects higher market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $2.19 and other pricing factors which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.21, partially offset with a lower-value product mix, which decreased average selling price per pound by approximately $1.29.

Sales to the chemical processing market were $40.3 million in the first six months of fiscal 2022, an increase of 32.9% from $30.3 million in the same period of fiscal 2021, due to a 29.7% increase in volume and a 2.5% increase in average selling price per pound. Volume was higher as industrial activity increased with economies continuing to reopen from pandemic shutdowns as well as increases in oil prices resulting in expanded capital expenditures in the sector. The increase in average selling price per pound reflects higher market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $2.56, along with other pricing considerations which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.43, partially offset by a lower-value product mix, which decreased average selling price per pound by approximately $2.41.

Sales to the industrial gas turbine market were $39.4 million in the first six months of fiscal 2022, an increase of 29.5% from $30.4 million for the same period of fiscal 2021, due to a 19.0% increase in volume and an 8.9% increase in average selling price per pound.

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The higher volume was a result of overall increased demand in the market as well as timing of deliveries to one of the Company’s larger customers. The increase in average selling price per pound reflects higher market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $2.33 along with other pricing considerations which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.24, partially offset by a lower-value product mix, which decreased average selling price per pound by approximately $1.12.

Sales to other markets were $24.2 million in the first six months of fiscal 2022, a decrease of 14.4% from $28.3 million in the same period of fiscal 2021, due to a 39.0% decrease in volume, partially offset by a 40.3% increase in average selling price per pound. The decrease in volume was primarily attributable to lower shipments into the flue-gas desulphurization market which also contributed to an improved product mix. The average selling price per pound increase reflects a higher-value product mix and other pricing factors, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $7.38, as well as higher market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $3.10.

Other Revenue. Other revenue was $11.2 million in the first six months of fiscal 2022, an increase of 11.5% from $10.0 million in the same period of fiscal 2021. The increase was primarily due to increased sales of scrap material and toll conversion.

Cost of Sales. Cost of sales was $175.3 million, or 81.0% of net revenues, in the first six months of fiscal 2022 compared to $144.9 million, or 93.9% of net revenues, in the same period of fiscal 2021. The decrease in costs as a percentage of revenues was primarily attributable to variable cost saving measures that enable the Company minimize the increase in costs in periods of higher net revenues. Additionally, higher volumes sold during the quarter eliminated the requirement that fixed costs be directly expensed, as was the case first six months of fiscal 2021, which had $8.7 million of costs directly expensed to Cost of Sales.

Gross Profit. As a result of the above factors, gross profit was $41.2 million for the first six months of fiscal 2022, an increase of $31.8 million from the same period of fiscal 2021. Gross profit as a percentage of net revenue increased to 19.0% in the first six months of fiscal 2021 as compared to 6.1% in the same period of fiscal 2021.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense. Selling, general and administrative expense was $23.1 million for the first six months of fiscal 2022, an increase of $2.2 million from the same period of fiscal 2021. Selling, general and administrative expense as a percentage of net revenues decreased to 10.7 % for the first six months of fiscal 2022 compared to 13.6% for the same period of fiscal 2021, largely driven by a 40.4 percent increase in net revenues. Higher foreign exchange losses as well as general inflation were the primary drivers of the increased expense in the second quarter of fiscal 2022. Additionally, some temporary cost containment initiatives that were in place during the first quarter of fiscal 2021, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, were subsequently ended, which contributed to the higher expense in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 as compared to the same period of fiscal 2021.

Research and Technical Expense. Research and technical expense was $1.8 million, or 0.9% of net revenue, for the first six months of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, compared to ~~$1.9~~$1.7 million, or ~~0.9%~~1.1% of net revenue, in the same period of fiscal ~~2020. The decrease was primarily due to lower salary expenses.~~2021.

Operating Income/(Loss). As a result of the above factors, including increased sales volume and higher pricing as well as improved gross profit, operating ~~loss~~income in the first six months of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$(13.3)~~$16.2 million compared to an operating ~~income~~loss of ~~$13.8~~$(13.3) million in the same period of fiscal ~~2020.~~2021.

Nonoperating retirement benefit expense. Nonoperating retirement benefit expense was ~~$0.7~~a benefit of $2.2 million in the first six months of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$3.4~~an expense of $0.7 million in the same period of fiscal ~~2020.~~2021. The ~~decrease in expense~~difference was primarily driven by a favorable ~~retiree health care spending and higher than expected~~actuarial valuation of the U.S. pension plan liability as of September 30, 2021 caused by a higher-than-expected return on plan assets ~~in the September 30, 2020 valuation.~~ coupled with a higher discount rate. The amortization of this favorable valuation is recorded as a benefit to Nonoperating retirement benefit expense.

Income Taxes. Income tax ~~benefit~~expense was ~~$2.9~~$4.4 million in the first six months of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, a difference of ~~$5.5~~$7.4 million from an income tax ~~expense~~benefit of ~~$2.6~~$2.9 million induring the same period of fiscal ~~2020,~~2021, driven primarily ~~from~~by a difference in income (loss) before income taxes of ~~$24.5~~$32.2 million. ~~Additionally,~~

Net Income/(Loss). As a result of the above factors, net income ~~tax benefit is being adversely impacted~~in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 was $13.1 million, compared to net loss of $(11.7) million in the same period of fiscal 2021.

Working Capital

Controllable working capital, which includes accounts receivable, inventory, accounts payable and accrued expenses, was $299.5 million at March 31, 2022, an increase of $60.8 million, or 25.5%, from $238.7 million at September 30, 2021. The increase resulted primarily from inventory increasing by ~~certain expenses related to executive compensation that are deemed non-deductible as well as discrete items related to stock compensation in~~$43.6 million and accounts receivable increasing by $17.4 million during the first six months of ~~fiscal 2021.~~

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~~Net Income/(Loss).~~ ~~As a result of the above factors, net loss for the first six months of~~ fiscal ~~2021 was $(11.7) million, a difference of $19.0 million from net income of $7.3 million in the same period of fiscal 2020.~~

~~Working Capital~~

~~Controllable working capital, which includes accounts receivable,~~2022. The Company continued to build work-in-process inventory accounts payable and accrued expenses, was $232.6 million at March 31, 2021, a decrease of $32.3 million, or 12.2%, from $264.9 million at September 30, 2020. The decrease resulted primarily from inventory and accounts receivable decreasing $19.3 million and $5.0 million, respectively, during the ~~first six months of fiscal 2021 and accounts payable and accrued expenses increasing by $8.1 million during~~six-month period in response to the ~~first six months of fiscal 2021.~~ rapidly growing backlog.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Comparative cash flow analysis

The Company had cash and cash equivalents of ~~$69.8~~$12.2 million at March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, inclusive of ~~$11.2~~$11.7 million that was held by foreign subsidiaries in various currencies, compared to ~~$47.2~~$47.7 million at September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. Additionally, ~~there were zero~~the Company had $21.5 million of borrowings against the line of credit outstanding as of March 31, ~~2021.~~2022.

Net cash ~~provided by~~used in operating activities in the first six months of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$31.1~~$36.8 million compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $0.8 million in the first six months of fiscal 2020, an increase of $30.3 million. Cash flow from operating activities in the first six months of fiscal 2021 was favorably impacted by a decrease in inventory of $22.2 million during the first six months of fiscal 2021 as compared to an increase in inventory of $21.2 million during the same period of fiscal 2020, partially offset by a net loss of $(11.7) million during the first six months of fiscal 2021 as compared to net income of $7.3 million during the same period of fiscal 2020. Additionally, increases in accounts payable of $7.5 million had a favorable impact on the cash flow from operating activities in the first six months of fiscal 2021 as compared to decreases in accounts payable of $(7.7) million during the same period of fiscal 2020. This was partially offset by lower decreases in accounts receivable of $5.9 million in the first six months of fiscal 2021 as compared to increases of $11.1 million during the same period of fiscal 2020.

Net cash used in investing activities was $2.1 million in the first six months of fiscal 2021 which was lower than cash used in investing activities of $4.1 million during the same period of fiscal 2020 due to lower additions to property, plant and equipment.

~~Net cash used in financing activities was $6.9~~$31.1 million in the first six months of fiscal 2021, a difference of ~~$31.6~~$67.9 million. Cash used in operating activities in the first six months of fiscal 2022 was unfavorably impacted by several factors: (i) an increase in inventory of $44.1 million ~~from~~during the first six months of fiscal 2022 as compared to a decrease in inventory of $22.2 million during the same period of fiscal 2021; (ii) an increase in accounts receivable of $17.8 million during the first six months of fiscal 2022 as compared to a decrease in accounts receivable of $5.9 million during the same period of fiscal 2021, and (iii) an increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $0.6 million during the first six months of fiscal 2022 as compared to an increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $7.5 million during the same period of fiscal 2021. This was partially offset by net income of $13.1 million in the first six months of fiscal 2022 as compared to net loss of $(11.7) million during the same period of fiscal 2021.

Net cash used in investing activities was $7.7 million in the first six months of fiscal 2022, which was higher than cash used in investing activities of $2.1 million during the same period of fiscal 2021 due to higher additions to property, plant and equipment. Capital spending in fiscal 2022 reflects a more normal level of investment after lower than historical levels of investment in fiscal 2021.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $9.2 million in the first six months of fiscal 2022, a difference of $16.2 million from cash used in financing activities of $6.9 million during the first six months of fiscal 2021. This difference was primarily driven by ~~the~~a net borrowing of ~~$30.0~~$21.5 million against the revolving line of credit during the first six months of fiscal ~~2020 in addition to cash paid for debt issuance costs~~2022, partially offset by share repurchases of $6.8 million in the first six months of fiscal ~~2021 resulting from~~2022 as compared to $0.2 million during the ~~new U.S. revolving credit facility (described below).~~same period of fiscal 2021. Dividends paid of $5.6 million during the first six months of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 were comparable to ~~the~~ same period of fiscal ~~2020.~~2021.

U.S. revolving credit facility

On October 19, 2020, the Company and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) and related Pledge and Security Agreement with certain other lenders (the “Security Agreement”, and, together with the Credit Agreement, the “Credit Documents”). The Credit Documents, which have a three-year term expiring in October 2023, replaced the Third Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement and related agreements, dated as of July 14, 2011, as amended, previously entered into between the Company, Wells Fargo Capital Finance, LLC and certain other ~~lenders (the “Previous Facility”).~~lenders. The Credit Agreement provides for revolving loans in the maximum amount of $100.0 million, subject to a borrowing base and certain reserves. The Credit Agreement permits an increase in the maximum revolving loan amount from $100.0 million up to an aggregate amount of $170.0 million at the request of the borrower if certain conditions are met. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest, at the Company’s option, at either JPMorgan’s “prime rate”, plus 1.25% - 1.75% per annum, or the adjusted Eurodollar rate used by the lender, plus 2.25% - 2.75% per annum (with a LIBOR floor of 0.5%). As of March 31, 2022, the Credit Agreement had a $21.5 million balance. As of the same date, management believes the Company was in compliance with all applicable financial covenants under the Credit Agreement.

The Company must pay monthly, in arrears, a commitment fee of 0.425% per annum on the unused amount of the U.S. revolving credit facility total commitment. For letters of credit, the Company must pay a fronting fee of 0.125% per annum as well as customary fees for issuance, amendments and processing.

The Company is subject to certain covenants as to fixed charge coverage ratios and other customary covenants, including covenants restricting the incurrence of indebtedness, the granting of liens and the sale of assets. The covenant pertaining to fixed charge coverage ratios is only effective in the event the amount of excess availability under the revolver is less than the greater of (i) 12.5% of the maximum credit revolving loan amount and (ii) $12.5 million. The Company is permitted to pay dividends and repurchase common stock if certain financial metrics are met. The Company may pay quarterly cash dividends up to $3.5 million per fiscal quarter so long

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as the Company is not in default under the Credit Documents. As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the most recent required measurement date under the ~~Amended~~Credit Agreement, management believes the Company was in compliance with all applicable financial covenants under the ~~Amended~~Credit Agreement. The Company currently believes it is not at material risk of not meeting its financial covenants over the next twelve months.

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Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are collateralized by a pledge of substantially all of the U.S. assets of the Company, including the equity interests in its U.S. subsidiaries, but excluding the four-high Steckel rolling mill and related assets, which are pledged to Titanium Metals Corporation (“TIMET”) to secure the performance of the Company’s obligations under a Conversion Services Agreement with TIMET (see discussion of TIMET at Note 8 in the Company’s Notes to ~~Condensed~~ Consolidated Financial Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q). Borrowings under the Credit Documents are also secured by a pledge of a 100% equity interest in each of the Company’s direct foreign subsidiaries.

Future uses of liquidity

The Company’s sources of liquidity for the next twelve months are expected to consist primarily of cash generated from operations, ~~(including reduction of inventory),~~ cash on-hand and ~~if needed,~~ borrowings under the U.S. revolving credit facility. At March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company had cash of ~~$69.8~~$12.2 million, an outstanding balance of ~~zero~~$21.5 million on the U.S. revolving credit facility (described above) and ~~access to a~~ total remaining borrowing availability against the revolving credit facility of approximately ~~$100.0~~$78.5 million, subject to a borrowing base formula and certain reserves. Management believes that the resources described above will be sufficient to fund planned capital expenditures, any regular quarterly dividends declared and working capital requirements over the next twelve months.

The Company’s primary uses of cash over the next twelve months are expected to consist of expenditures related to:

● Funding operations;

● Capital spending;

● Dividends to stockholders; and

● Pension and postretirement plan contributions.

Capital investment in the first six months of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$2.1~~$7.7 million, and ~~the forecast for~~total forecasted capital spending in fiscal ~~2021~~2022 is ~~$10.0 million~~expected to ~~allow for maintaining reliability within operations.~~

be $17.7 million.

Contractual Obligations

The following table sets forth the Company’s contractual obligations for the periods indicated, as of March 31, ~~2021:~~2022:

Payments Due by Period

Less than

More than

Contractual Obligations

Total

1 year

1-3 Years

3-5 Years

5 years

(in thousands)

Credit facility fees⁽¹⁾

$
1,100

$
431

$
669

$
—

$
—

Operating lease obligations(2)

3,174

1,692

1,165

317

—

Finance lease obligations

15,192

1,006

2,047

2,075

10,064

Raw material contracts (primarily nickel)

16,301

16,301

—

—

—

Capital projects and other commitments

843

741

102

—

—

Pension plan⁽³⁾

101,145

6,000

12,000

9,000

74,145

Non-qualified pension plans

633

95

190

190

158

Other postretirement benefits⁽⁴⁾

90,325

3,307

7,339

7,396

72,283

Environmental post-closure monitoring

601

77

134

156

234

Total

$
229,314

$
29,650

$
23,646

$
19,134

$
156,884


	Payments Due by Period
			Less than						More than
Contractual Obligations	Total		1 year		1-3 Years		3-5 Years		5 years

	(in thousands)
Credit facility fees⁽¹⁾	$	22,668	$	22,433	$	235	$	—	$	—
Operating lease obligations		3,453		1,537		1,403		476		37
Finance lease obligations		14,186		1,018		2,063		2,087		9,018
Raw material contracts (primarily nickel)		44,360		44,360		—		—		—
Capital projects and other commitments		2,652		2,652		—		—		—
Pension plan⁽²⁾		22,781		6,095		12,000		4,686		—
Non-qualified pension plans		575		95		190		190		100
Other postretirement benefits⁽³⁾		83,631		3,459		6,817		6,234		67,121
Environmental post-closure monitoring		566		71		163		144		188
Total	$	194,872	$	81,720	$	22,871	$	13,817	$	76,464

⁽¹⁾	As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the revolver balance was ~~$0.~~$21,500. The current obligation also consists of unused line ~~fees.~~fees and interest on the revolver balance

⁽²⁾	The Company has a funding obligation to contribute ~~$101,145~~$22,781 to the domestic pension plan. These payments will be tax deductible. All benefit payments under the domestic pension plan are provided by the plan and not the Company.

⁽³⁾	Represents expected post-retirement benefits only based upon anticipated timing of payments.

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New Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2. New Accounting Pronouncements in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The Company’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Assumptions and estimates were based on the facts and circumstances known at March 31, ~~2021.~~2022. However, future events rarely develop exactly as forecasted and the best estimates routinely require adjustment. The accounting policies discussed in Item 7 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, ~~2020~~2021 are considered by management to be the most important to an understanding of the financial statements because their application places the most significant demands on management’s judgment and estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. These policies are also discussed in Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of that report. For the quarter ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, there were no material changes to the critical accounting policies and estimates.

Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, there were no material changes in the market risks described in “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021.

Item 4.Controls and Procedures

The Company has performed, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, an evaluation of the effectiveness and the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined by Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) of the Exchange Act as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, ~~2021.~~2022.

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter to which this report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

For a discussion of certain legal proceedings, see Note 7 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In ~~connection with information set forth~~addition to the risk factors previously disclosed in ~~this Form 10-Q, the factors discussed under “Risk Factors” in~~Part I Item IA of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, ~~2020, should be considered. These~~2021, we are exposed to certain risks and uncertainties which could ~~materially and adversely affect~~have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and operating results as a result of ~~operations. There have been no material changes to~~geopolitical events such as the ~~factors discussed~~recent Russian invasion of Ukraine.

The risks described herein and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K ~~other than~~are not the ~~updated information related~~only risks we face. New risk factors or risks that we currently deem immaterial emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all such risk factors, nor to assess the impact such risk factors might have on our business, financial condition and operating results, or the extent to which any such risk factor or combination of risk factors may impact our business, financial condition and operating results.

Our business is dependent on a number of raw materials that may not be available.

We use a number of raw materials in our products which are found in only a few parts of the world and are available from a limited number of suppliers. The availability of these materials may be influenced by private or government cartels, changes in world politics, trade sanctions as a result of geopolitical events such as war, additional regulation, labor relations between the materials producers and their work force, unstable governments in exporting nations, inflation, general economic conditions and export quotas imposed by governments in nations with rare earth element supplies. The ability of key material suppliers to meet quality and delivery requirements or to provide materials on terms acceptable to us is beyond our control and can also impact our ability to meet commitments to customers. The COVID-19 ~~outbreak included~~pandemic has adversely affected the availability of certain raw materials through its effects on the labor market, availability of transportation for materials and other factors. Future shortages or price fluctuations in raw materials could result in decreased sales as well as margins, or otherwise adversely affect our business. The enactment of new or increased import duties on raw materials imported by us could also decrease availability, thereby adversely affect our business. The implementation of trade sanctions could result in reduced availability of certain raw materials or result in the need for the Company to find alternative sources of supply at a higher cost.

If suppliers are unable to meet our demands, we may not have alternative sources of supply. In some cases, we have entered into exclusive supply agreements with respect to raw materials, which could adversely affect our business if the exclusive supplier cannot meet quality and delivery requirements to provide materials on terms acceptable to us.

The manufacturing of the majority of our products is a complex process and requires long lead times. We may experience delays or shortages in the supply of raw materials. If we are unable to obtain adequate and timely deliveries of required raw materials, we may be unable to timely manufacture sufficient quantities of products. This could cause us to lose sales, incur additional costs, delay new product introductions or suffer harm to our reputation.

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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Set forth below is information regarding the Company’s stock repurchases during the period covered by this ~~Form 10-Q.~~report, comprising shares repurchased by the Company from employees to satisfy income tax withholding obligations related to share-based compensation.


Period	Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share (or Unit		Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value[000's]) of Shares (or Units) that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
January 1-31, 2022	1,151	$	41.78	—	$	—
February 1-28, 2022	3,504		37.36	—		—
March 1-31, 2022	419		37.53	—		—
Total	5,074	$	38.38	—

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Item 6.Exhibits

Exhibits. See Index to Exhibits.

INDEX TO EXHIBITS


Exhibit Number		Description
3.1		Second Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Haynes International, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Amendment No. 1 to the ~~Haynes International, Inc.~~ Registration Statement on Form S-1, Registration No. ~~333-140194)~~333-140194 filed with the SEC on January 25, 2007).
3.2*3.2		Amended and Restated By-Laws of Haynes International, Inc., as amended ~~through February 28, 2018~~ (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the ~~Haynes International, Inc.~~ Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, ~~2020.~~2020 filed with the SEC on April 30, 2020).
4.1		Specimen Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.01 to the ~~Haynes International, Inc.~~ Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended December 31, ~~2009)~~2009 filed with the SEC on February 8, 2010).
10.1		~~Credit~~Amendment No. 1 to Executive Employment Agreement ~~dated as of October 19, 2020, by~~between Haynes International, Inc. and ~~between the Company, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and certain other lenders~~Michael L. Shor (incorporated by reference to Exhibit ~~10.1~~99.1 to the ~~Haynes International, Inc.~~Current Report on Form 8-K filed ~~October 20, 2020)~~with the SEC on January 13, 2022).
31.1**10.2		Form of Amendment No 1 to Termination Benefits Agreements with the Company’s Named Executive Officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 13, 2022)
10.3		Amendment No. 1 to Haynes International, Inc. 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders filed with the SEC on January 21, 2022).
31.1		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-4(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer
31.2**31.2		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer
32.1*32.1		Section 1350 Certifications
101		The following materials from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations; (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss); (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity; (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (vi) related notes.
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

*Furnished not filed.

** Filed herewith.

2931

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


	HAYNES INTERNATIONAL, INC.


	/s/ Michael Shor
	Michael Shor
	President and Chief Executive Officer
	Date: April ~~29, 2021~~28, 2022


	/s/ Daniel Maudlin
	Daniel Maudlin
	Vice President — Finance and Chief Financial Officer
	Date: April ~~29, 2021~~28, 2022

3032


	Comparison by Quarter of Net Revenues, Gross Profit Margin and
	Gross Profit Margin Percentage for Fiscal 2020 and 2021
	Quarter Ended
	December 31,			March 31,			June 30,			September 30,			December 31,			March 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2019			2020			2020			2020			2020			2021
Net Revenues	$	108,453		$	111,563		$	80,576		$	79,938		$	72,177		$	82,063
Gross Profit Margin	$	18,743		$	19,296		$	2,639		$	3,954		$	987		$	8,385
Gross Profit Margin %		17.3	%		17.3	%		3.3	%		4.9	%		1.4	%		10.2	%