Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial account standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of May ~~5, 2020,~~4, 2021, the registrant had outstanding ~~47,105,800~~47,139,687 shares of common stock.

	March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019			March 31, 2021			December 31, 2020
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	222,744		$	131,627		$	726,279		$	630,012
Short-term investments		417,032			514,461			720			99,996
Accounts receivable		82,592			60,452			91,327			82,261
Inventory		74,068			63,953			101,422			91,591
Other current assets		15,635			21,946			39,587			20,746
Total current assets		812,071			792,439			959,335			924,606
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, net of accumulated depreciation of $60,891 and $57,276		88,350			87,872
ACQUIRED TECHNOLOGY, net of accumulated amortization of $137,613 and $132,468		85,629			90,774
OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, net of accumulated amortization of $5,113 and $4,768		11,727			12,072
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, net of accumulated depreciation of $76,756 and $72,493								107,815			102,113
ACQUIRED TECHNOLOGY, net of accumulated amortization of $158,197 and $153,050								65,106			70,253
OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, net of accumulated amortization of $6,496 and $6,155								10,641			10,685
GOODWILL		15,535			15,535			15,535			15,535
INVESTMENTS		5,000			5,000			8,500			5,000
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES		28,729			30,375			36,864			37,695
OTHER ASSETS		89,335			86,090			106,704			103,341
TOTAL ASSETS	$	1,136,376		$	1,120,157		$	1,310,500		$	1,269,228
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable	$	10,370		$	13,296		$	14,741		$	13,801
Accrued expenses		21,648			49,022			19,171			41,404
Deferred revenue		99,565			97,333			128,546			105,215
Other current liabilities		4,971			1,857			3,874			4,540
Total current liabilities		136,554			161,508			166,332			164,960
DEFERRED REVENUE		49,866			47,529			49,578			57,086
RETIREMENT PLAN BENEFIT LIABILITY		51,711			51,117			79,246			78,527
OTHER LIABILITIES		51,548			48,554			62,876			55,941
Total liabilities		289,679			308,708			358,032			356,514
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 15)
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, 5,000,000 shares authorized, 200,000 shares of Series A Nonconvertible Preferred Stock issued and outstanding (liquidation value of $7.50 per share or $1,500)		2			2			2			2
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 48,910,232 and 48,852,193 shares issued, and 47,544,584 and 47,486,545 shares outstanding, at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively		489			489
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 49,050,776 and 49,013,476 shares issued, and 47,685,128 and 47,647,828 shares outstanding, at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively								491			490
Additional paid-in capital		621,967			620,236			632,138			635,595
Retained earnings		280,060			249,003			396,130			353,930
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(14,537	)		(16,997	)		(35,009	)		(36,019	)
Treasury stock, at cost (1,365,648 shares at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019)		(41,284	)		(41,284	)
Treasury stock, at cost (1,365,648 shares at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020)								(41,284	)		(41,284	)
Total shareholders’ equity		846,697			811,449			952,468			912,714
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	1,136,376		$	1,120,157		$	1,310,500		$	1,269,228

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

	Three Months Ended						Three Months Ended March 31,
	March 31,						2021			2020
	2020			2019
REVENUE	$	112,277		$	87,765
REVENUE:
Material sales							$	79,808		$	66,575
Royalty and license fees								50,886			43,078
Contract research services								3,306			2,624
Total revenue								134,000			112,277
COST OF SALES		22,459			15,814			23,298			22,459
Gross margin		89,818			71,951			110,702			89,818
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Research and development		19,497			15,829			23,305			19,497
Selling, general and administrative		15,403			11,969			16,404			15,403
Amortization of acquired technology and other intangible assets		5,490			5,486			5,488			5,490
Patent costs		1,638			1,770			1,835			1,638
Royalty and license expense		3,284			2,537			112			3,284
Total operating expenses		45,312			37,591			47,144			45,312
OPERATING INCOME		44,506			34,360			63,558			44,506
Interest income, net		2,147			2,831			133			2,147
Other income, net		202			282			59			202
Interest and other income, net		2,349			3,113			192			2,349
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES		46,855			37,473			63,750			46,855
INCOME TAX EXPENSE		(8,700	)		(5,999	)		(12,063	)		(8,700	)
NET INCOME	$	38,155		$	31,474		$	51,687		$	38,155
NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE:
BASIC	$	0.80		$	0.66		$	1.09		$	0.80
DILUTED	$	0.80		$	0.66		$	1.08		$	0.80
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES USED IN COMPUTING NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE:
BASIC		47,093,033			46,892,914			47,267,921			47,093,033
DILUTED		47,122,829			46,931,999			47,329,704			47,122,829
CASH DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER COMMON SHARE	$	0.15		$	0.10		$	0.20		$	0.15

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

	Three Months Ended March 31,					Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020			2019		2021			2020
NET INCOME	$	38,155		$	31,474	$	51,687		$	38,155
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME, NET OF TAX:
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities, net of tax of $525 and $13, respectively		1,855			47
Amortization of prior service cost and actuarial loss for retirement plan included in net periodic pension costs, net of tax of $182 and $175, respectively		638			634
Unrealized (loss) gain on available-for-sale securities, net of tax of $17 and $525, respectively							(58	)		1,855
Amortization of prior service cost and actuarial loss for retirement plan included in net periodic pension costs, net of tax of $335 and $182, respectively							1,174			638
Change in cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment		(33	)		33		(106	)		(33	)
TOTAL OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME		2,460			714		1,010			2,460
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME	$	40,615		$	32,188	$	52,697		$	40,615

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

																											Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
																											Series A Nonconvertible									Additional						Accumulated Other								Total
																											Preferred Stock				Common Stock					Paid-in			Retained			Comprehensive			Treasury Stock					Shareholders’
																											Shares		Amount		Shares			Amount		Capital			Earnings			Loss			Shares		Amount			Equity
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 2020																												200,000	$	2		49,013,476		$	490	$	635,595		$	353,930		$	(36,019	)		1,365,648	$	(41,284	)	$	912,714
Net income																												—		—		—			—		—			51,687			—			—		—			51,687
Other comprehensive income																												—		—		—			—		—			—			1,010			—		—			1,010
Cash dividend																												—		—		—			—		—			(9,487	)		—			—		—			(9,487	)
Issuance of common stock to employees																												—		—		53,123			1		5,115			—			—			—		—			5,116
Shares withheld for employee taxes																												—		—		(22,048	)		—		(9,634	)		—			—			—		—			(9,634	)
Issuance of common stock to Board of Directors and Scientific Advisory Board																												—		—		4,443			—		630			—			—			—		—			630
Issuance of common stock to employees under an ESPP																												—		—		1,782			—		432			—			—			—		—			432
BALANCE, MARCH 31, 2021																												200,000	$	2		49,050,776		$	491	$	632,138		$	396,130		$	(35,009	)		1,365,648	$	(41,284	)	$	952,468

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020																										Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
	Series A Nonconvertible									Additional						Accumulated Other								Total			Series A Nonconvertible									Additional						Accumulated Other								Total
	Preferred Stock				Common Stock					Paid-in			Retained			Comprehensive			Treasury Stock					Shareholders’			Preferred Stock				Common Stock					Paid-in			Retained			Comprehensive			Treasury Stock					Shareholders’
	Shares		Amount		Shares			Amount		Capital			Earnings			Loss			Shares		Amount			Equity			Shares		Amount		Shares			Amount		Capital			Earnings			Loss			Shares		Amount			Equity
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 2019		200,000	$	2		48,852,193		$	489	$	620,236		$	249,003		$	(16,997	)		1,365,648	$	(41,284	)	$	811,449			200,000	$	2		48,852,193		$	489	$	620,236		$	249,003		$	(16,997	)		1,365,648	$	(41,284	)	$	811,449
Net income		—		—		—			—		—			38,155			—			—		—			38,155			—		—		—			—		—			38,155			—			—		—			38,155
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—			—		—			—			2,460			—		—			2,460			—		—		—			—		—			—			2,460			—		—			2,460
Cash dividend		—		—		—			—		—			(7,098	)		—			—		—			(7,098	)		—		—		—			—		—			(7,098	)		—			—		—			(7,098	)
Issuance of common stock to employees		—		—		80,483			—		5,665			—			—			—		—			5,665			—		—		80,483			—		5,665			—			—			—		—			5,665
Shares withheld for employee taxes		—		—		(30,437	)		—		(4,816	)		—			—			—		—			(4,816	)		—		—		(30,437	)		—		(4,816	)		—			—			—		—			(4,816	)
Issuance of common stock to Board of Directors and Scientific Advisory Board		—		—		5,678			—		554			—			—			—		—			554			—		—		5,678			—		554			—			—			—		—			554
Issuance of common stock to employees under an ESPP		—		—		2,315			—		328			—			—			—		—			328			—		—		2,315			—		328			—			—			—		—			328
BALANCE, MARCH 31, 2020		200,000	$	2		48,910,232		$	489	$	621,967		$	280,060		$	(14,537	)		1,365,648	$	(41,284	)	$	846,697			200,000	$	2		48,910,232		$	489	$	621,967		$	280,060		$	(14,537	)		1,365,648	$	(41,284	)	$	846,697

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Series A Nonconvertible									Additional						Accumulated Other								Total
	Preferred Stock				Common Stock					Paid-in			Retained			Comprehensive			Treasury Stock					Shareholders’
	Shares		Amount		Shares			Amount		Capital			Earnings			Loss			Shares		Amount			Equity
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 2018		200,000	$	2		48,681,524		$	487	$	617,334		$	129,552		$	(16,234	)		1,361,637	$	(40,635	)	$	690,506
Net income		—		—		—			—		—			31,474			—			—		—			31,474
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—			—		—			—			714			—		—			714
Cash dividend		—		—		—			—		—			(4,717	)		—			—		—			(4,717	)
Issuance of common stock to employees		—		—		107,213			1		3,536			—			—			—		—			3,537
Shares withheld for employee taxes		—		—		(38,755	)		—		(5,757	)		—			—			—		—			(5,757	)
Common shares repurchased		—		—		—			—		—			—			—			4,011		(649	)		(649	)
Issuance of common stock to Board of Directors and Scientific Advisory Board		—		—		7,758			—		816			—			—			—		—			816
Issuance of common stock to employees under an ESPP		—		—		2,571			—		277			—			—			—		—			277
BALANCE, MARCH 31, 2019		200,000	$	2		48,760,311		$	488	$	616,206		$	156,309		$	(15,520	)		1,365,648	$	(41,284	)	$	716,201

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020			2019			2021			2020
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$	38,155		$	31,474		$	51,687		$	38,155
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of deferred revenue and recognition of unbilled receivables		(40,511	)		(26,976	)		(57,648	)		(40,511	)
Depreciation		3,615			2,758			4,263			3,615
Amortization of intangibles		5,490			5,486			5,488			5,490
Change in excess inventory reserve		611			224			667			611
Amortization of premium and discount on investments, net		(2,005	)		(1,741	)		(70	)		(2,005	)
Stock-based compensation to employees		5,735			3,610			5,200			5,735
Stock-based compensation to Board of Directors and Scientific Advisory Board		254			516			330			254
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)		940			(592	)
Deferred income tax expense								515			940
Retirement plan expense		1,414			1,501			2,228			1,414
Decrease (increase) in assets:
Accounts receivable		(22,140	)		(8,995	)		(9,066	)		(22,140	)
Inventory		(10,726	)		1,735			(10,498	)		(10,726	)
Other current assets		7,706			177			5,400			7,706
Other assets		(3,245	)		(2,966	)		(7,133	)		(3,245	)
Increase (decrease) in liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(29,340	)		(12,117	)		(21,136	)		(29,340	)
Other current liabilities		3,114			3,744			(666	)		3,114
Deferred revenue		43,685			33,080			53,000			43,685
Other liabilities		2,994			3,132			6,935			2,994
Net cash provided by operating activities		5,746			34,050			29,496			5,746
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of property and equipment		(4,782	)		(13,283	)		(9,938	)		(4,782	)
Purchases of intangibles		—			(401	)		(298	)		—
Purchases of investments		(148,592	)		(165,471	)		(4,220	)		(148,592	)
Proceeds from sale of investments		250,400			170,050
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		97,026			(9,105	)
Proceeds from sale and maturity of investments								100,000			250,400
Net cash provided by investing activities								85,544			97,026
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock		259			204			348			259
Repurchase of common stock		—			(649	)
Payment of withholding taxes related to stock-based compensation to employees		(4,816	)		(5,757	)		(9,634	)		(4,816	)
Cash dividends paid		(7,098	)		(4,717	)		(9,487	)		(7,098	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(11,655	)		(10,919	)		(18,773	)		(11,655	)
INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS		91,117			14,026			96,267			91,117
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD		131,627			211,022			630,012			131,627
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD	$	222,744		$	225,048		$	726,279		$	222,744
The following non-cash activities occurred:
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities	$	2,380		$	60
Unrealized (loss) gain on available-for-sale securities							$	(66	)	$	2,380
Common stock issued to Board of Directors and Scientific Advisory Board that was earned and accrued for in a previous period		300			300			300			300
Net change in accounts payable and accrued expenses related to purchases of property and equipment		689			(351	)		(27	)		689

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

Universal Display Corporation and its subsidiaries (the Company) is a leader in the research, development and commercialization of organic light emitting diode (OLED) technologies and materials for use in display and solid-state lighting applications. OLEDs are thin, lightweight and power-efficient solid-state devices that emit light that can be manufactured on both flexible and rigid substrates, making them highly suitable for use in full-color displays and as lighting products. OLED displays are capturing a growing share of the display market, especially in the mobile phone, television, wearable, tablet, notebook and personal computer, augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) and automotive markets. The Company believes this is because OLEDs offer potential advantages over competing display technologies with respect to power efficiency, contrast ratio, viewing angle, video response time, form factor and manufacturing cost. The Company also believes that OLED lighting products have the potential to replace many existing light sources in the future because of their high-power efficiency, excellent color rendering index, low operating temperature and novel form factor. The ~~Company's~~Company’s technology leadership, intellectual property position, and the Company’s more than 20 years of experience working closely with leading OLED display manufacturers are some of the competitive advantages that should enable the Company to continue to share in the revenues from OLED displays and lighting products as they gain wider acceptance.

The Company’s primary business strategy is to (1) develop new OLED materials and sell existing and any new materials to product manufacturers of products for display applications, such as mobile phones, televisions, wearables, tablets, portable media devices, notebook computers, personal computers and automotive applications, and specialty and general lighting products; and (2) further develop and license the Company’s proprietary OLED technologies to those manufacturers. The Company has established a significant portfolio of proprietary OLED technologies and materials, primarily through internal research and development efforts and acquisitions of patents and patent applications, as well as maintaining long-standing, and establishing new relationships with world-class universities, research institutions and strategic manufacturing partnerships. The Company currently owns, exclusively ~~license~~licenses or ~~have~~has the sole right to sublicense more than 5,000 patents issued and pending worldwide.

The Company manufactures and sells its proprietary OLED materials to customers for evaluation and use in commercial OLED products. The Company also enters into agreements with manufacturers of OLED display and lighting products under which it grants them licenses to practice under the Company’s patents and to use the Company's proprietary know-how. At the same time, the Company works with these and other companies that are evaluating the Company's OLED technologies and materials for possible use in commercial OLED display and lighting products.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and results of operations for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019.~~2020. While management believes that the disclosures presented are adequate to make the information not misleading, these unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto in the Company’s latest year-end Consolidated Financial Statements, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2019.~~2020. The results of the Company’s operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for any other interim period or for the full year.

The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Universal Display Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiaries, UDC, Inc., UDC Ireland Limited (UDC Ireland), Universal Display Corporation Hong Kong, Limited, Universal Display Corporation Korea, Y.H., Universal Display Corporation Japan GK, Universal Display Corporation China, Ltd., Adesis, Inc. (Adesis) ~~and~~, UDC Ventures ~~LLC.~~LLC, OVJP Corporation (OVJP Corp) and OLED Material Manufacturing Limited (OMM). All intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated.

In November 2020, a wholly-owned subsidiary of UDC Ireland, OMM, was formed as an Ireland limited company. Based out of Shannon, Ireland, OMM was formed to increase the Company’s production capacity to meet market demand and diversify the manufacturing base due to evolving industry requirements.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The estimates made are principally in the areas of revenue recognition including estimates of material unit sales and royalties, the useful life of acquired intangibles, lease liabilities, right-of-use assets, the use and recoverability of inventories, intangibles, investments and income taxes including realization of deferred tax assets, stock-based compensation and retirement benefit plan liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Inventories consist of raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods, including inventory consigned to customers, and are stated at the lower of cost, determined on a first-in, first-out basis, or net realizable value. Inventory valuation and firm committed purchase order assessments are performed on a quarterly basis and those items that are identified to be obsolete or in excess of forecasted usage are written down to their estimated realizable value. Estimates of realizable value are based upon management’s analyses and assumptions, including, but not limited to, forecasted sales levels by product, expected product lifecycle, product development plans and future demand requirements. A 12-month rolling forecast based on factors, including, but not limited to, production cycles, anticipated product orders, marketing forecasts, backlog, and shipment activities is used in the inventory analysis. If market conditions are less favorable than forecasts or actual demand from customers is lower than estimates, additional inventory write-downs may be required. If demand is higher than expected, inventories that had previously been written down may be sold.

The carrying values of accounts receivable, other current assets, ~~and~~ accounts payable and other current liabilities approximate fair value in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements due to the short-term nature of those instruments. The Company’s other financial instruments, which include cash equivalents and investments, are carried at fair value.

The Company is a lessee in operating leases primarily incurred to facilitate the expansion of manufacturing, research and development, and selling, general and administrative activities. At contract inception, the Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease, and if so recognizes a right-of-use asset and lease liability at the lease commencement date. For operating leases, the lease liability is measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments at the lease commencement date, whereas for finance leases, the lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the interest method. Operating lease right-of-use assets are included in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The current portion of operating lease liabilities is included in other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and the long-term portion is included in other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of March 31, 2020, the Company had no leases that qualified as financing arrangements.

Key estimates and judgments include how the Company determines the discount rate used to discount the unpaid lease payments to present value and the lease term. The Company monitors for events or changes in circumstances that could potentially require recognizing an impairment loss.

The Company accounts for minority equity investments in companies that are not accounted for under the equity method as equity securities without readily determinable fair values. The fair value of these securities is based on original cost less impairments, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar investment of the same issuer. Under this method, the share of income or loss of such companies is not included in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The carrying value of these investments is included in investments on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company’s policy is to recognize an impairment in the value of its minority equity investments when clear evidence of an impairment exists. Factors considered in the assessment include a significant adverse change in the regulatory, economic, or technological environment, the completion of new equity financing that may indicate a decrease in value, the failure to complete new equity financing arrangements after seeking to raise additional funds, or the commencement of proceedings under which the assets of the business may be placed in receivership or liquidated to satisfy the claims of debt and equity stakeholders.

The Company is a lessee in operating leases primarily incurred to facilitate the expansion of manufacturing, research and development, and selling, general and administrative activities. At contract inception, the Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease, and if so recognizes a right-of-use asset and lease liability at the lease commencement date. For operating leases, the lease liability is measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments at the lease commencement date, whereas for finance leases, the lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the interest method. Operating lease right-of-use assets are included in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The short-term portion of operating lease liabilities is included in other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and the long-term portion is included in other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of March 31, 2021, the Company had no leases that qualified as financing arrangements.

Material sales relate to the Company’s sale of its OLED materials for incorporation into its customers’ commercial OLED products or for their OLED development and evaluation activities. Revenue associated with material sales is generally recognized at the time title passes, which is typically at the time of shipment or at the time of delivery, depending upon the contractual agreement between the parties. Revenue may be recognized after control of the material passes in the event the transaction price includes variable consideration. For example, a customer may be provided an extended opportunity to stock materials prior to use in mass production and given a general right of return not conditioned on breaches of warranties associated with the specific product. In such circumstances, revenue will be recognized at the earlier of the expiration of the customer’s general right of return or once it becomes unlikely that the customer will exercise its right of return.

The rights and benefits to the Company’s OLED technologies are conveyed to the customer through technology license agreements and material supply agreements. The Company believes that the licenses and materials sold under these combined agreements are not distinct from each other for financial reporting purposes and as such, are accounted for as a single performance obligation. Accordingly, total contract consideration, including material, license and royalty fees, is estimated and recognized over the contract term based on material units sold at the estimated per unit fee over the life of the contract.

Various estimates are relied upon to recognize revenue. The Company estimates total material units to be purchased by its customers over the contract term based on historical trends, industry estimates and its forecast process. Management uses the expected value method to estimate the material per unit fee. Additionally, management estimates the total sales-based royalties based on the estimated net sales revenue of its customers over the contract term.

Contract research services revenue is revenue earned by Adesis by providing chemical materials synthesis research, development and commercialization for non-OLED applications on a contractual basis. These services range from intermediates for structure-activity relationship studies, reference agents and building blocks for combinatorial synthesis, re-synthesis of key intermediates, specialty organic chemistry needs, and selective toll manufacturing. These services are provided to third-party pharmaceutical and life sciences firms and other technology firms at fixed costs or on an annual contract basis. Revenue is recognized as services are performed with billing schedules and payment terms negotiated on a contract-by-contract basis. Payments received in excess of revenue recognized are recorded as deferred revenue. In other cases, services may be provided and revenue is recognized before the customer is invoiced. In these cases, revenue recognized will exceed amounts billed and the difference, representing amounts which are currently unbillable to the customer pursuant to contractual terms, is recorded as an unbilled receivable.

Technology development and support revenue is revenue earned from development and technology evaluation agreements and commercialization assistance fees, along with, to a minimal extent, government contracts. Relating to the Company’s government contracts, the Company may receive reimbursements by government entities for all or a portion of the research and development costs the Company incurs. Revenues are recognized as services are performed, proportionally as research and development costs are incurred, or as defined milestones are achieved. Technology development and support revenue is included in contract research services on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

In 2018, the Company entered into a commercial patent license agreement with Samsung Display Co., Ltd. (SDC). This agreement, which covers the manufacture and sale of specified OLED display materials, was effective as of January 1, 2018 and lasts through the end of 2022 with an additional two-year extension option. Under this agreement, the Company is being paid a license fee, payable in quarterly installments over the agreement term of five years. The agreement conveys to SDC the non-exclusive right to use certain of the Company's intellectual property assets for a limited period of time that is less than the estimated life of the assets.

At the same time the Company entered into the current commercial license agreement with SDC, the Company also entered into a new supplemental material purchase agreement with SDC. Under the supplemental material purchase agreement, SDC agrees to purchase from the Company a minimum amount of phosphorescent emitter materials for use in the manufacture of licensed products. This minimum commitment is subject to SDC’s requirements for phosphorescent emitter materials and the Company’s ability to meet these requirements over the term of the supplemental agreement.

In 2015, the Company entered into an OLED patent license agreement and an OLED commercial supply agreement with LG Display Co., Ltd. (LG Display) which were effective as of January 1, 2015 and superseded the existing 2007 commercial supply agreement between the parties. The ~~new~~terms of the agreements ~~have a term that is~~were set to expire by the end of 2022. The patent license agreement provides LG Display a non-exclusive, royalty bearing portfolio license to make and sell OLED displays under the Company's patent

portfolio. The patent license calls for license fees, prepaid royalties and running royalties on licensed products. The agreements include customary provisions relating to warranties, indemnities, confidentiality, assignability and business terms. The agreements provide for certain other minimum obligations relating to the volume of material sales anticipated over the life of the agreements as well as minimum royalty revenue to be generated under the patent license agreement. The Company generates revenue under these

agreements that are predominantly tied to LG Display’s sales of OLED licensed products. The OLED commercial supply agreement provides for the sale of materials for use by LG Display, which may include phosphorescent emitters and host materials.

In 2021, the Company entered into amendments of the OLED patent license agreement and the OLED commercial supply agreement with LG Display, which were effective as of January 1, 2021. The amended agreements included a term extension and are set to expire by the end of 2025.

In 2016, the Company entered into long-term, multi-year OLED patent license and material purchase agreements with Tianma Micro-electronics Co., Ltd. (Tianma). Under the license agreement, the Company has granted Tianma non-exclusive license rights under various patents owned or controlled by the Company to manufacture and sell OLED display products. The license agreement calls for license fees and running royalties on licensed products. Additionally, the Company supplies phosphorescent OLED materials to Tianma for use in its licensed products.

In 2017, the Company entered into long-term, multi-year agreements with BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. (BOE). Under these agreements, the Company has granted BOE non-exclusive license rights under various patents owned or controlled by the Company to manufacture and sell OLED display products. The Company supplies phosphorescent OLED materials to BOE for use in its licensed products.

In 2018, the Company entered into long-term, multi-year OLED patent license and material purchase agreements with Visionox Technology, Inc. (Visionox). Under the license agreement, the Company ~~has~~ granted ~~Visionox~~certain of Visionox’s affiliates a non-exclusive license rights under various patents owned or controlled by the Company to manufacture and sell OLED display products. The license agreement calls for license fees and running royalties on licensed products. Additionally, the Company supplies phosphorescent OLED materials to Visionox for use in its licensed products. On April 22, 2021, the Company announced that it had extended the Visionox agreement by entering into new five-year OLED material supply and license agreements with a new affiliate of Visionox, Visionox Hefei Technology Co. Ltd.

In 2019, the Company entered into an evaluation and commercial supply relationship with Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co., Ltd. (CSOT). In 2020, the Company entered into long-term, multi-year agreements with CSOT. Under these agreements, the Company has granted CSOT non-exclusive license rights under various patents owned or controlled by the Company to manufacture and sell OLED display products. The Company also supplies phosphorescent OLED materials to CSOT for use in its licensed products.

All material sales transactions that are not variable consideration transactions are billed and due within 90 days and substantially all are transacted in U.S. dollars.

Cost of sales consists of labor and material costs associated with the production of materials processed at the Company's manufacturing partners and at the Company's internal manufacturing processing facility. The Company’s portion of cost of sales also includes depreciation of manufacturing equipment, as well as manufacturing overhead costs and inventory adjustments for excess and obsolete inventory.

Costs associated with patent applications, patent prosecution, patent defense and the maintenance of patents are charged to expense as incurred. Costs to successfully defend a challenge to a patent are capitalized to the extent of an evident increase in the value of the patent. Costs that relate to an unsuccessful outcome are charged to expense.

Amortization costs primarily relate to technology acquired from BASF and Fujifilm. These acquisitions were completed in the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2012, respectively. Acquisition costs are being amortized over a period of 10 years for both the BASF and Fujifilm patents.

Other intangible assets ~~from~~relate to the Adesis acquisition and the Irish EPA license acquisition and are being amortized over a period of 10 to 15 years. See Note 7 for further discussion.

Translation of Foreign Currency Financial Statements and Foreign Currency Transactions

The ~~Company's~~Company’s reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency for the ~~Company's~~UDC Ireland subsidiary is also the U.S. dollar and the functional currency for the OMM subsidiary and each of the Company's Asia-Pacific foreign subsidiaries is its local currency. The Company translates the amounts included in the Consolidated Statements of Income from OMM and its Asia-Pacific foreign subsidiaries into U.S. dollars at weighted-average exchange rates, which the Company believes are representative of the actual exchange rates on the dates of the transactions. The Company's foreign subsidiaries' assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars from the local currency at the actual exchange rates as of the end of each reporting date, and the Company records the resulting foreign exchange translation adjustments in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss. The overall effect of the translation of foreign currency and foreign currency transactions to date has been insignificant.

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount of which the likelihood of realization is greater than 50%. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Company records interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of tax expense.

The Company recognizes in the Consolidated Statements of Income the grant-date fair value of equity-based awards such as shares issued under employee stock purchase plans, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and performance unit awards issued to employees and directors.

The grant-date fair value of stock awards is based on the closing price of the stock on the date of grant. The fair value of share-based awards is recognized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, net of forfeitures. The Company issues new shares upon the respective grant, exercise or vesting of the share-based payment awards, as applicable.

Performance unit awards are subject to either a performance-based or market-based vesting requirement. For performance-based vesting, the grant-date fair value of the award, based on fair value of the Company's common stock, is recognized over the service period based on an assessment of the likelihood that the applicable performance goals will be achieved and compensation expense is periodically adjusted based on actual and expected performance. Compensation expense for performance unit awards with market-based vesting is calculated based on the estimated fair value as of the grant date utilizing a Monte Carlo simulation model and is recognized over the service period on a straight-line basis.

~~In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04,~~ ~~Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test of Goodwill Impairment~~, eliminating the requirement to calculate the implied fair value, essentially eliminating step two from the goodwill impairment test. The new standard requires goodwill impairment to be based upon the results of step one of the impairment test, which is defined as the excess of the carrying value of a reporting unit over its fair value. The impairment charge will be limited to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standards update is effective prospectively for annual and interim goodwill impairment testing performed in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The adoption of ASU 2017-04, beginning on January 1, 2020, did not have a significant impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

~~In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13,~~ ~~Financial Instruments: Credit Losses (Topic 326)~~, which requires measurement and recognition of expected losses for financial assets held. The new standard changes the impairment model for most financial instruments, including debt investments and trade receivables, from an incurred loss method to a new-forward looking approach, based on expected losses. The estimate of expected credit losses will require organizations to incorporate considerations of historical information, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The standards update is effective prospectively for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The adoption of ASU 2016-13, beginning on January 1, 2020, did not have a significant impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

The Company’s portfolio of fixed income securities consists of term bank certificates of deposit, ~~and~~ U.S. Government ~~bonds.~~bonds and convertible notes. The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an original maturity (maturity at the purchase date) of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company classifies its remaining debt security investments as available-for-sale. These debt securities are carried at fair market value, with unrealized gains and losses reported in shareholders’ equity. Gains or losses on securities sold are based on the specific identification method.

	Amortized		Unrealized					Aggregate Fair		Amortized		Unrealized					Aggregate Fair
Cash and Cash Equivalents Classification	Cost		Gains		(Losses)			Market Value		Cost		Gains		(Losses)			Market Value
March 31, 2020
March 31, 2021
Cash accounts in banking institutions	$	108,664	$	—	$	—		$	108,664	$	160,850	$	—	$	—		$	160,850
Money market accounts		14,085		—		—			14,085		16,438		—		—			16,438
U.S. Government bonds		99,989		7		(1	)		99,995		548,997		—		(6	)		548,991
	$	222,738	$	7	$	(1	)	$	222,744	$	726,285	$	—	$	(6	)	$	726,279
December 31, 2019
December 31, 2020
Cash accounts in banking institutions	$	119,272	$	—	$	—		$	119,272	$	163,779	$	—	$	—		$	163,779
Money market accounts		12,355		—		—			12,355		17,261		—		—			17,261
U.S. Government bonds											448,970		6		(4	)		448,972
	$	131,627	$	—	$	—		$	131,627	$	630,010	$	6	$	(4	)	$	630,012

The following table provides details regarding the Company’s portfolio of short-term investments (in thousands):

	Amortized		Unrealized					Aggregate Fair		Amortized		Unrealized				Aggregate Fair
Short-term Investments Classification	Cost		Gains		(Losses)			Market Value		Cost		Gains		(Losses)		Market Value
March 31, 2020
March 31, 2021
Certificates of deposit	$	750	$	2	$	—		$	752	$	720	$	—	$	—	$	720
										$	720	$	—	$	—	$	720
December 31, 2020
U.S. Government bonds		413,723		2,557		—			416,280	$	99,929	$	67	$	—	$	99,996
	$	414,473	$	2,559	$	—		$	417,032	$	99,929	$	67	$	—	$	99,996
December 31, 2019
Certificates of deposit	$	700	$	—	$	—		$	700
U.S. Government bonds		513,577		190		(6	)		513,761
	$	514,277	$	190	$	(6	)	$	514,461

The Company’s portfolio of minority investments ~~consists~~and convertible notes consist of investments in privately held ~~early stage~~early-stage companies primarily motivated to gain early access to new technology and are passive in nature in that the Company does not obtain representation on the board of directors of the companies in which it invests. Minority investments and convertible notes are included in investments on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company had 2 minority investments with a total carrying value of $8.0 million accounted for as equity securities without readily determinable fair values. As of March 31, 2021, the Company had 1 ~~minority~~convertible note investment with a ~~carrying~~fair value of ~~$5.0 million~~$500,000 accounted for as an ~~equity~~available-for-sale debt security ~~without~~with a ~~readily determinable~~level 3 fair ~~value.~~value measurement.

The following table provides the assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis as of March 31, ~~2020~~2021 (in thousands):

			Fair Value Measurements, Using								Fair Value Measurements, Using
	Total Carrying Value as of March 31, 2020		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Carrying Value as of March 31, 2021		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Cash equivalents	$	114,080	$	114,080	$	—	$	—	$	548,991	$	548,991	$	—	$	—
Short-term investments		417,032		417,032		—		—		720		720		—		—
Convertible notes										500		—		—		500

The following table provides the assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis as of December 31, ~~2019~~2020 (in thousands):

			Fair Value Measurements, Using								Fair Value Measurements, Using
	Total Carrying Value as of December 31, 2019		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Carrying Value as of December 31, 2020		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Cash equivalents	$	12,355	$	12,355	$	—	$	—	$	466,233	$	466,233	$	—	$	—
Short-term investments		514,461		514,461		—		—		99,996		99,996		—		—

Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs are quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs based on management’s own assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value. A financial asset’s or liability’s classification is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Changes in fair value of the debt investments are recorded as unrealized gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and any credit losses on debt investments are recorded as an allowance for credit losses with an offset recognized in other income, net on the Consolidated Statements of Income. There were 0 credit losses on debt investments as of March 31, ~~2020~~2021 or December 31, ~~2019.~~2020.

	March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019		March 31, 2021		December 31, 2020
Raw materials	$	31,802	$	25,920	$	60,458	$	46,843
Work-in-process		5,234		7,987		2,882		9,904
Finished goods		37,032		30,046		38,082		34,844
Inventory	$	74,068	$	63,953	$	101,422	$	91,591

The Company recorded an increase in inventory reserve of ~~$611,000~~$667,000 and ~~$224,000~~$611,000 for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, respectively, due to excess inventory levels in certain products.

	March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019			March 31, 2021			December 31, 2020
Land	$	2,642		$	2,642		$	2,642		$	2,642
Building and improvements		49,790			47,994			55,321			53,568
Office and lab equipment		75,784			74,726			91,857			85,881
Furniture, fixtures and computer related assets		7,787			7,592			11,948			8,921
Construction-in-progress		13,238			12,194			22,803			23,594
		149,241			145,148			184,571			174,606
Less: Accumulated depreciation		(60,891	)		(57,276	)		(76,756	)		(72,493	)
Property and equipment, net	$	88,350		$	87,872		$	107,815		$	102,113

Depreciation expense was ~~$3.6~~$4.3 million and ~~$2.8~~$3.6 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, respectively.

The Company monitors the recoverability of goodwill annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Purchased intangible assets subject to amortization consist primarily of acquired technology and other intangible assets that include trade names, customer relationships, developed intellectual property (IP) processes and ~~developed IP processes.~~EPA licenses.

Acquired technology consists of acquired license rights for patents and know-how obtained from PD-LD, Inc., Motorola, BASF SE (BASF) and Fujifilm. These intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019			March 31, 2021			December 31, 2020
PD-LD, Inc.	$	1,481		$	1,481		$	1,481		$	1,481
Motorola		15,909			15,909			15,909			15,909
BASF		95,989			95,989			95,989			95,989
Fujifilm		109,462			109,462			109,462			109,462
Other		401			401			462			462
		223,242			223,242			223,303			223,303
Less: Accumulated amortization		(137,613	)		(132,468	)		(158,197	)		(153,050	)
Acquired technology, net	$	85,629		$	90,774		$	65,106		$	70,253

Amortization expense related to acquired technology was $5.1 million for both three-month periods ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019.~~2020. Amortization expense is included in amortization of acquired technology and other intangible assets expense line item on the Consolidated Statements of Income and is expected to be ~~$15.4~~$15.5 million for the nine months ~~ending December 31, 2020, $20.6 million in the year~~ ending December 31, 2021, $15.8 million in the year ending December 31, 2022, $9.7 million in the year ending December 31, 2023, $9.6 million in the ~~year~~years ending December 31, 2024 and ~~$14.5~~2025 and $4.9 million in total thereafter.

On July 23, 2012, the Company entered into a Patent Sale Agreement with Fujifilm. Under the agreement, Fujifilm sold more than 1,200 OLED-related patents and patent applications in exchange for a cash payment of $105.0 million, plus costs incurred in connection with the purchase. The agreement contains customary representations and warranties and covenants, including respective covenants not to sue by both parties thereto. The agreement permitted the Company to assign all of its rights and obligations under the agreement to its affiliates, and the Company assigned, prior to the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the agreement, its rights and obligations to UDC Ireland, ~~Limited (UDC Ireland),~~ a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company formed under the laws of the Republic of Ireland. The transactions contemplated by the agreement were consummated on July 26, 2012. The Company recorded the $105.0 million plus $4.5 million of purchase costs as acquired technology, which is being amortized over a period of 10 years.

On June 28, 2016, UDC Ireland entered into and consummated an IP Transfer Agreement with BASF. Under the IP Transfer Agreement, BASF sold to UDC Ireland all of its rights, title and interest to certain of its owned and co-owned intellectual property rights relating to the composition of, development, manufacture and use of OLED materials, including OLED lighting and display stack technology, as well as certain tangible assets. The intellectual property includes knowhow and more than 500 issued and pending patents in the area of phosphorescent materials and technologies. These assets were acquired in exchange for a cash payment of €86.8 million ($95.8 million). In addition, UDC Ireland also took on certain rights and obligations under three joint research and development agreements to which BASF was a party. The IP Transfer Agreement also contains customary representations, warranties and covenants of the parties. UDC Ireland recorded the payment of €86.8 million ($95.8 million) and acquisition costs incurred of $217,000 as acquired technology, which is being amortized over a period of 10 years.

As a result of the Adesis acquisition in June 2016, the Company recorded $16.8 million of other intangible assets, including $10.5 million assigned to customer relationships with a weighted average life of 11.5 years, $4.8 million of internally developed IP, processes and recipes with a weighted average life of 15 years, and $1.5 million assigned to trade name and trademarks with a weighted average life of 10 years.

At March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, these other intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2020							March 31, 2021
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount
Customer relationships	$	10,520	$	(3,370	)	$	7,150	$	10,520	$	(4,284	)	$	6,236
Developed IP, processes and recipes		4,820		(1,188	)		3,632		4,820		(1,507	)		3,313
Trade name/Trademarks		1,500		(555	)		945		1,500		(705	)		795
Other									297		—			297
Total identifiable other intangible assets	$	16,840	$	(5,113	)	$	11,727	$	17,137	$	(6,496	)	$	10,641

Amortization expense related to other intangible assets was ~~$345,000~~$341,000 and ~~$342,000~~$345,000 for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, respectively. Amortization expense is included in amortization of acquired technology and other intangible assets expense line item on the Consolidated Statements of Income and is expected to be ~~$1.0~~$1.1 million for the nine months ending December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, $1.4 million infor each of the next four fiscal years ~~ending December 31, 2021 through 2024,~~(2022 – 2025) and ~~$5.1~~$3.9 million in total thereafter.

The Company has entered into operating leases to facilitate the expansion of its manufacturing, research and development, and selling, general and administrative activities. For purposes of calculating operating lease liabilities, lease terms may be deemed to include options to extend or terminate the lease when those events are reasonably certain to occur. The interest rate implicit in lease contracts is typically not readily determinable and as such the Company uses the appropriate incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of the lease payments. Current lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. As of March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company did not have any finance leases and no additional operating leases that have not yet commenced.

The following table presents the Company’s operating lease cost and supplemental cash flow information related to the Company’s operating leases (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020		2019		2021		2020
Operating lease cost	$	537	$	430	$	615	$	537
Non-cash activity:
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations	$	—	$	8,273	$	4,720	$	—

The following table presents the Company’s operating ~~leases had remaining terms between one and nine years with options to extend the lease terms and the Company had operating lease~~ right-of-use assets ~~of $8.0 million, current operating lease~~and liabilities ~~of $1.4 million and long-term operating lease liabilities of $6.6 million.~~(in thousands):

The following table presents weighted average assumptions used to compute the Company’s right-of-use assets and lease liabilities:

As of March 31, 2021, current operating leases had remaining terms between two and eight years with options to extend the lease terms.

Undiscounted future minimum lease payments as of March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, by year and in the aggregate, having non-cancelable lease terms in excess of one year were as follows (in thousands):

	Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities			Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities
2020 ⁽¹⁾	$	1,415
2021		1,252
2021 ⁽¹⁾				$	1,987
2022		1,183			2,541
2023		1,044			1,652
2024		987			1,474
2025					1,263
Thereafter		3,807			5,520
Total lease payments		9,688			14,437
Less: Imputed interest		(1,737	)		(1,618	)
Present value of lease payments	$	7,951		$	12,819

The Company ~~funded OLED technology research at Princeton University and, on a subcontractor basis, at the University of Southern California for 10 years under a Research Agreement executed~~has long-standing relationships with Princeton University in August 1997 (the 1997 Research Agreement). The principal investigator conducting work under the 1997 Research Agreement transferred to the University of Michigan in January 2006. Following this transfer, the 1997 Research Agreement was allowed to expire on July 31, 2007.

As a result of the transfer, the Company entered into a new Sponsored Research Agreement with the University of Southern California to sponsor OLED technology research and, on a subcontractor basis, with the University of Michigan. This new Sponsored Research Agreement (as amended, the 2006 Research Agreement) was effective as of May 1, 2006 and had an original term of three years. Since then, the 2006 Research Agreement was amended and extended several times with the most recent amendment having been completed on March 13, 2020, extending the term through April 30, 2023 with an option to extend the term for an additional two years. The 2006 Research Agreement superseded the 1997 Research Agreement with respect to all work performed at the University of Southern California and the University of Michigan. Payments under the 2006 Research Agreement were made to the University of Southern California on a quarterly basis as actual expenses were incurred. As of March 31, 2020, the Company was obligated to pay the University of Southern California up to $9.1 million for work to be performed during the remaining extended term, which expires April 30, 2023. The Company recorded research and development expense in connection with work performed under the 2006 Research Agreement of $272,000 and $243,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

In connection with entering into the 2006 Research Agreement, the Company amended the 1997 Amended License Agreement to include the University of Michigan as a party to that agreement effective as of January 1, 2006. Under this amendment, Princeton University, the University of Southern California and the University of Michigan have granted the Company a worldwide exclusive license, with rights to sublicense, to make, have made, use, lease and/or sell products and to practice processes based on patent applications and issued patents arising out of work performed under the 2006 Research Agreement. The financial terms of the 1997 Amended License Agreement were not impacted by this amendment.

~~On October 9, 1997, the Company, Princeton University~~(Princeton) and the University of Southern California ~~entered into~~(USC), dating back to 1994, for the conduct of research relating to the Company’s OLED and other organic thin-film technologies and materials. This research had been performed at Princeton under the direction of Professor Stephen R. Forrest and at USC under the direction of Professor Mark E. Thompson.

Under an Amended License Agreement entered into in 1997 by the Company, Princeton and USC (as amended, the 1997 Amended License Agreement) ~~under which~~, Princeton ~~University~~ and ~~the University of Southern California~~USC granted the Company worldwide, exclusive license rights, with rights to sublicense, to make, have made, use, lease and/or sell products and to practice processes based on patent applications and issued patents arising out of ~~work~~research performed by Princeton ~~University~~ and USC for the ~~University of Southern California under~~Company. Under the ~~1997 Research Agreement. Under this~~ 1997 Amended License Agreement, the Company ~~is required to pay~~pays Princeton ~~University~~ royalties ~~for licensed products sold by the Company or its sublicensees. For licensed products sold by the Company, the Company is required to pay Princeton University~~of 3% of the net sales price ~~of these products. For~~for licensed products ~~sold by the Company’s sublicensees, the Company is required to pay Princeton~~it sells or 3% of the revenues ~~received by~~ the Company receives from ~~these sublicensees. These royalty rates are subject to renegotiation~~its sublicensees for ~~products not reasonably conceivable as arising out~~their sale of ~~the 1997 Research Agreement if Princeton University reasonably determines that the royalty rates payable with respect to these products are not fair and competitive.~~

~~The Company is obligated, under the 1997 Amended License Agreement, to pay to Princeton University minimum annual royalties. The minimum royalty payment is $100,000 per year.~~licensed products. The Company recorded royalty expense in connection with this agreement of ~~$3.3 million~~$112,000 and ~~$2.5~~$3.3 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019, respectively.~~

2020. The decline in the royalty expense was primarily due to the expiration of patents relating to the licensed products, as specified in the Amended License Agreement.

In 2006, Professor Forrest transferred from Princeton to the University of Michigan (Michigan) and the Company ~~also is required, under~~amended the 1997 Amended License Agreement to ~~use commercially reasonable efforts~~include Michigan as a party to ~~bring~~that agreement. Also in connection with the ~~licensed OLED technology to market. However, this requirement is deemed satisfied if~~transfer, the Company ~~invests~~entered into a ~~minimum~~sponsored research agreement with USC under which the Company continues to fund organic electronics research being conducted by Professors Forrest and Thompson (the 2006 Research Agreement). Work by Professor Forrest is being funded through a subcontract between USC and Michigan. The 2006 Research Agreement extends through April 2023 with an option to further extend for an additional two years.

The Company makes payments under the 2006 Research Agreement to USC on a quarterly basis as actual expenses are incurred. As of ~~$800,000 per year~~March 31, 2021, the Company was obligated to pay USC up to $6.6 million for work to be performed during the remaining extended term. The Company recorded research and development expense in ~~research, development, commercialization or patenting efforts respecting~~connection with work performed under the ~~patent rights licensed to~~2006 Research Agreement of $285,000 and $272,000 for the ~~Company.~~three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

On September 22, 2011, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated OLED Materials Supply and Service Agreement with PPG Industries, Inc. (PPG) (the New OLED Materials Agreement), which replaced the original OLED Materials Agreement with PPG effective as of October 1, 2011. The term of the New OLED Materials Agreement ran through December 31, 2015 and shall be automatically renewed for additional one-year terms, unless terminated by the Company by providing prior notice of one year or terminated by PPG by providing prior notice of two years. The agreement was automatically renewed through December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. The New OLED Materials Agreement contains provisions that are substantially similar to those of the original OLED Materials Agreement. Under the New OLED Materials Agreement, PPG continues to assist the Company in developing its proprietary OLED materials and supplying the Company with those materials for evaluation purposes and for resale to its customers.

Under the New OLED Materials Agreement, the Company compensates PPG on a cost-plus basis for the services provided during each calendar quarter. The Company is required to pay for some of these services in all cash. Up to 50% of the remaining services are payable, at the Company’s sole discretion, in cash or shares of the Company’s common stock, with the balance payable in cash. The actual number of shares of common stock issuable to PPG is determined based on the average closing price for the Company’s common stock during a specified number of days prior to the end of each calendar half-year period ending on March 31 and September 30. If, however, this average closing price is less than $20.00, the Company is required to compensate PPG in cash. NaN shares were issued for services to PPG for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 or ~~2019.~~2020.

The Company is also required to reimburse PPG for raw materials used for research and development. The Company records the purchases of these raw materials as a current asset until such materials are used for research and development efforts.

On February 23, 2021, the Company entered into an amendment to the New OLED Materials Agreement specifying operation and maintenance services that will be provided by PPG affiliate, PPG SCM Ireland Limited, to OMM, at the new manufacturing site in Shannon, Ireland, currently being leased by OMM for the production of OLED materials. Facility improvements and regulatory approvals are expected to be completed in the next 12 months and operations are scheduled to commence in early 2022. As with the initial New OLED Materials Agreement, the Company will compensate PPG on a cost-plus basis for the services provided at the Shannon manufacturing facility.

The Company recorded research and development expense of ~~$473,000~~$1.5 million and ~~$74,000~~$473,000 for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, respectively, in relation to the cash portion of the reimbursement of expenses and work performed by PPG, excluding amounts paid for commercial chemicals.

The Company’s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation authorize it to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value preferred stock with designations, rights and preferences determined from time-to-time by the Company’s Board of Directors. Accordingly, the Company’s Board of Directors is empowered, without shareholder approval, to issue preferred stock with dividend, liquidation, conversion, voting or other rights superior to those of shareholders of the Company’s common stock.

In 1995, the Company issued 200,000 shares of Series A Nonconvertible Preferred Stock (Series A) to American Biomimetics Corporation (ABC) pursuant to a certain Technology Transfer Agreement between the Company and ABC. The Series A shares have a liquidation value of $7.50 per share. Series A shareholders, as a single class, have the right to elect two members of the Company’s Board of Directors. This right has never been exercised. Holders of the Series A shares are entitled to one vote per share on matters which shareholders are generally entitled to vote. The Series A shareholders are not entitled to any dividends.

As of March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company had issued 200,000 shares of preferred stock, all of which were outstanding.

The Company’s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation authorize it to issue up to 200,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value common stock. Each share of the Company’s common stock entitles the holder to one vote on all matters to be voted upon by the shareholders.

As of March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company had issued ~~48,910,232~~49,050,776 shares of common stock, of which ~~47,544,584~~47,685,128 were outstanding. During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company repurchased 0 shares of common ~~stock and during the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company repurchased 4,011 shares of common stock, now held as treasury stock, for an aggregate purchase price of $649,000.~~stock.

During the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, the Company granted a total of ~~1,926~~1,400 and ~~1,960~~1,926 shares, respectively, of fully vested common stock to non-employee members of the Scientific Advisory Board for services performed in ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, respectively. The fair value of shares issued to members of the Scientific Advisory Board was $300,000 for both three-month periods.

During the three months ended March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company declared and paid cash dividends of ~~$0.15~~$0.20 per common share, or ~~$7.1~~$9.5 million, on the Company’s outstanding common stock.

On May ~~5, 2020,~~4, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a second quarter dividend of ~~$0.15~~$0.20 per common share to be paid on June 30, ~~2020~~2021 to all shareholders of record as of the close of business on June 15, ~~2020.~~2021. All future dividends will be subject to the approval of the Company’s Board of Directors.

Amounts related to the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss were as follows (in thousands):

The Equity Compensation Plan provides for the granting of incentive and nonqualified stock options, shares of common stock, stock appreciation rights and performance units to employees, directors and consultants of the Company. Stock options are exercisable over periods determined by the Compensation Committee, but for no longer than 10 years from the grant date. Through March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company’s shareholders have approved increases in the number of shares reserved for issuance under the Equity

Compensation Plan to 10,500,000, and have extended the term of the plan through 2024. As of March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, there were ~~2,018,037~~1,828,661 shares that remained available to be granted under the Equity Compensation Plan.

The Company has issued restricted stock awards and units to employees and non-employees with vesting terms of one to six years. The fair value is equal to the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant for awards granted to employees and equal to the market price at the end of the reporting period for unvested non-employee awards or upon the date of vesting for vested non-employee awards. Expense for restricted stock awards and units is amortized ratably over the vesting period for the awards issued to employees and using a graded vesting method for the awards issued to non-employees.

During the three months ended March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company granted ~~125,040~~100,079 shares of restricted stock awards and restricted stock units to employees and non-employees, which had a total fair value of ~~$19.5~~$22.7 million on the respective dates of grant, and will vest over three to five years from the date of grant, provided that the grantee is still an employee of the Company or is still providing services to the Company on the applicable vesting date.

For the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, the Company recorded, as compensation charges related to all restricted stock awards and units granted to employees and non-employees, selling, general and administrative expense of ~~$3.3~~$3.6 million and ~~$2.4~~$3.3 million, respectively, research and development expense of ~~$877,000~~$1.2 million and ~~$546,000,~~$877,000, respectively, and cost of sales of $557,000 and $400,000, ~~and $227,000,~~ respectively.

In connection with the vesting of restricted stock awards and units during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, 48,824 and ~~2019,~~ 24,474 ~~and 25,731~~ shares, respectively, with aggregate fair values of ~~$3.9~~$9.4 million and ~~$3.8~~$3.9 million, respectively, were withheld in satisfaction of tax withholding obligations and are reflected as a financing activity within the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

For the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, the Company recorded as compensation charges related to all restricted stock units granted to non-employee members of the Scientific Advisory Board, whose unvested shares are marked to market each reporting period, research and development expense of $36,000 and credit of $43,000, ~~and expense of $282,000,~~ respectively.

The Company has granted restricted stock units to non-employee members of the Board of Directors with quarterly vesting over a period of approximately one year. The fair value is equal to the market price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant. The restricted stock units are issued and expense is recognized ratably over the vesting period. For the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, the Company recorded compensation charges for services performed, related to all restricted stock units granted to non-employee members of the Board of Directors, selling, general and administrative expense of ~~$297,000~~$294,000 and ~~$234,000,~~$297,000, respectively. In connection with the vesting of the restricted stock, the Company issued to non-employee members of the Board of Directors ~~1,614~~1,353 and ~~2,590~~1,614 shares, respectively, during the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019.~~2020.

Each performance unit award is subject to both a performance-vesting requirement (either performance-based or market-based) and a service-vesting requirement. The performance-based vesting requirement is tied to the Company's cumulative revenue growth compared to the cumulative revenue growth of companies comprising the Nasdaq Electronics Components Index, as measured over a specific performance period. The market-based vesting requirement is tied to the Company's total shareholder return relative to the total shareholder return of companies comprising the Nasdaq Electronics Components Index, as measured over a specific performance period. The maximum number of performance units that may vest based on performance is two times the shares granted. Further, if the Company's total shareholder return is negative, the performance units may not vest at all.

During the three months ended March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company granted ~~95,772~~69,586 performance units, of which ~~47,885~~34,791 units are subject to performance-based vesting requirements and ~~47,887~~34,795 units are subject to market-based vesting requirements, and which will vest over the terms described below. The weighted average grant date fair value of the performance unit awards granted was ~~$16.1~~$15.8 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, as determined by the Company’s common stock on date of grant for the units with performance-based vesting and a Monte-Carlo simulation for the units with market-based vesting.

For the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, the Company recorded a selling, general and administrative ~~expense~~credit of ~~$811,000~~$211,000 and ~~$266,000,~~$811,000, respectively, research and development ~~expense~~credit of ~~$202,000~~$56,000 and ~~$65,000,~~$202,000, respectively, and cost of sales credit of ~~$113,000~~$35,000 and ~~$29,000,~~$113,000, respectively, related to performance units.

In connection with the vesting of performance units during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, 1,224 and ~~2019,~~ 5,963 ~~and 16,668~~ shares, respectively, with an aggregate fair value of ~~$930,000~~$231,000 and ~~$2.6 million,~~$930,000, respectively, were withheld in satisfaction of tax withholding obligations and are reflected as a financing activity within the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

On April 7, 2009, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP). The ESPP was approved by the Company’s shareholders and became effective on June 25, 2009. The Company has reserved 1,000,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the ESPP. Unless terminated by the Board of Directors, the ESPP will expire when all reserved shares have been issued.

Eligible employees may elect to contribute to the ESPP through payroll deductions during consecutive three-month purchase periods, the first of which began on July 1, 2009. Each employee who elects to participate will be deemed to have been granted an option to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock on the first day of the purchase period. Unless the employee opts out during the purchase period, the option will automatically be exercised on the last day of the period, which is the purchase date, based on the employee’s accumulated contributions to the ESPP. The purchase price will equal 85% of the lesser of the closing price per share of common stock on the first day of the period or the last business day of the period.

Employees may allocate up to 10% of their base compensation to purchase shares of common stock under the ESPP; however, each employee may purchase no more than 12,500 shares on a given purchase date, and no employee may purchase more than $25,000 of common stock under the ESPP during a given calendar year.

During the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, the Company issued ~~2,315~~1,782 and ~~2,571~~2,315 shares, respectively, of its common stock under the ESPP, resulting in proceeds of ~~$259,000~~$348,000 and ~~$204,000,~~$259,000, respectively.

For ~~both~~ the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, the Company recorded charges of $23,000 and $22,000, respectively, to selling, general and administrative expense, $36,000 and $28,000, respectively, to research and development expense, and $25,000 and $19,000, respectively, to cost of sales related to the ESPP equal to the amount of the discount and the value of the look-back feature. ~~For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded charges of $28,000 and $32,000, respectively, to research and development expense related to the ESPP.~~

On March 18, 2010, the Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors of the Company approved and adopted the Universal Display Corporation Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (SERP). The SERP is currently unfunded and includes salary and bonus as part of the plan. The purpose of the SERP is to provide certain of the Company’s key employees with supplemental pension benefits following a cessation of their employment and to encourage their continued employment with the Company. As of March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, there were 7 participants in the SERP.

The Company records amounts relating to the SERP based on calculations that incorporate various actuarial and other assumptions, including discount rates, rate of compensation increases, retirement dates and life expectancies. The net periodic costs are recognized as employees render the services necessary to earn the SERP benefits.

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020		2019		2021		2020
Service cost	$	273	$	288	$	428	$	273
Interest cost		321		403		291		321
Amortization of prior service cost		275		399		275		275
Amortization of loss		545		411		1,234		545
Total net periodic benefit cost	$	1,414	$	1,501	$	2,228	$	1,414

Under the 2006 Research Agreement with USC, the Company is obligated to make certain payments to USC based on work performed by USC under that agreement, and by Michigan under its subcontractor agreement with USC. See Note 9 for further explanation.

Under the terms of the 1997 Amended License Agreement, the Company is required to make minimum royalty payments to Princeton. See Note 9 for further explanation.

The Company has agreements with 6 executive officers and 212 senior level employees which provide for certain cash and other benefits upon termination of employment of the officer or employee in connection with a change in control of the Company. If ~~the executive’s~~a covered person’s employment is terminated in connection with the change in control, the ~~executive~~person is entitled to a lump-sum cash payment equal to 2 times (in the case of the executive officers) or either 1 or 2 times (in the case of the senior level employees) the sum of the average annual base salary and bonus of the ~~officer~~person and immediate vesting of all stock options and other equity awards that may be outstanding at the date of the change in control, among other items.

In order to manage manufacturing lead times and help ensure adequate material supply, the Company entered into the New OLED Materials Agreement (see Note 10) that allows PPG to procure and produce inventory based upon criteria as defined by the Company. These purchase commitments consist of firm, noncancelable and unconditional commitments. In certain instances, this agreement allows the Company the option to reschedule and adjust the Company’s requirements based on its business needs prior to firm orders being placed. As of March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and December 31, ~~2019,~~2020, the Company had purchase commitments for inventory of ~~$24.9~~$18.9 million and ~~$22.0~~$13.7 million, respectively.

Each major jurisdiction in the world that issues patents provides both third parties and applicants an opportunity to seek a further review of an issued patent. The process for requesting and considering such reviews is specific to the jurisdiction that issued the patent in question, and generally does not provide for claims of monetary damages or a review of specific claims of infringement. The conclusions made by the reviewing administrative bodies tend to be appealable and generally are limited in scope and applicability to the specific claims and jurisdiction in question.

The Company believes that opposition proceedings are frequently commenced in the ordinary course of business by third parties who may believe that one or more claims in a patent do not comply with the technical or legal requirements of the specific jurisdiction in which the patent was issued. The Company views these proceedings as reflective of its goal of obtaining the broadest legally permissible patent coverage permitted in each jurisdiction. Once a proceeding is initiated, as a general matter, the issued patent continues to be presumed valid until the jurisdiction’s applicable administrative body issues a final non-appealable decision. Depending on the jurisdiction, the outcome of these proceedings could include affirmation, denial or modification of some or all of the originally issued claims. The Company believes that as OLED technology becomes more established and its patent portfolio increases in size, so will the number of these proceedings.

Below is a summary of an active proceeding that has been commenced against an issued patent that is exclusively licensed to the Company. The Company does not believe that the confirmation, loss or modification of the Company’s rights in any individual claim or set of claims that are the subject of the following legal proceeding would have a material impact on the Company’s ~~materials~~material sales or licensing business or on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements, including its Consolidated Statements of Income, as a whole. However, as noted within the description, the following proceeding involves an issued patent that relates to the Company’s fundamental phosphorescent OLED technologies and the Company intends to vigorously defend against claims that, in the Company’s opinion, seek to restrict or reduce the scope of the originally issued claim, which may require the expenditure of significant amounts of the Company’s resources. In certain circumstances, when permitted, the Company may also utilize a proceeding to request modification of the claims to better distinguish the patented invention from any newly identified prior art and/or improve the claim scope of the patent relative to commercially important categories of the invention.

On November 16, 2011, Osram AG and BASF SE each filed a Notice of Opposition to European Patent No. 1390962 (the EP '962 patent), which relates to the Company’s white phosphorescent OLED technology. The EP '962 patent, which was issued on February 16, 2011, is a European counterpart patent to U.S. patents 7,009,338 and 7,285,907. They are exclusively licensed to the Company by Princeton, and the Company is required to pay all legal costs and fees associated with this proceeding.

European Patent Convention Article 83. The Company believes the EPO's decision ~~relating to the original claims~~ is erroneous and ~~has~~ appealed the decision. Subsequent to the filing of the appeal, BASF withdrew its opposition to the patent. ~~The EPO~~On appeal, the Appeals Division withdrew the lower Opposition Division’s rejections with respect to a portion of the original subject matter and remanded the matter to the lower Opposition Division ~~has scheduled an appeal hearing~~ for ~~the third quarter of 2020.~~further consideration. The patent, as originally granted, is deemed valid during the pendency of the ~~appeals~~opposition process.

At this time, based on its current knowledge, the Company believes that the patent being challenged should be declared valid and that ~~all or~~ a significant portion of the Company's claims should be upheld. However, the Company cannot make any assurances of this result.

In addition to the above proceeding and now concluded proceedings which have been referenced in prior filings, from time to time, the Company may have other proceedings that are pending which relate to patents the Company acquired as part of the Fujifilm ~~patent~~ or BASF OLED patent acquisitions or which relate to technologies that are not currently widely used in the marketplace.

Revenues and accounts receivable from the Company's largest customers were as follows (in thousands):

	% of Total Revenue for the Three Months Ended March 31,		Accounts Receivable as of		% of Total Revenue for the Three Months Ended March 31,		Accounts Receivable as of
Customer	2020	2019	March 31, 2020		2021	2020	March 31, 2021
A	41%	40%	$	20,663	36%	41%	$	6,204
B	25%	30%	$	10,870	23%	25%	$	20,769
C	23%	13%	$	33,421	20%	23%	$	22,802
D					12%	7%	$	17,740

Revenues from outside of North America represented approximately ~~98%~~97% and ~~97%~~98% of consolidated revenue for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, respectively. Revenues by geographic area are as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended March 31,
Country	2020		2019		2021		2020
South Korea	$	69,425	$	61,499	$	67,975	$	69,425
China		37,834		20,778		60,504		37,834
Japan		1,787		1,846		1,315		1,787
Other non-U.S. locations		497		583		825		497
Total non-U.S. locations		109,543		84,706		130,619		109,543
United States		2,734		3,059		3,381		2,734
Total revenue	$	112,277	$	87,765	$	134,000	$	112,277

The Company attributes revenue to different geographic areas on the basis of the location of the customer.

	March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019		March 31, 2021		December 31, 2020
United States	$	79,969	$	80,027	$	99,678	$	93,230
Other		8,381		7,845		8,137		8,883
Total long-lived assets	$	88,350	$	87,872	$	107,815	$	102,113

Substantially all chemical materials were purchased from 1 supplier. See Note 10.

The Company is subject to income taxes in both the United States and foreign jurisdictions. The effective income tax rate was an expense of ~~18.6%~~18.9% and ~~16.0%~~18.6% for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, respectively. The Company recorded an income tax expense of ~~$8.7~~$12.1 million and ~~$6.0~~$8.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, and 2019, respectively. The recorded amounts include deductions for employee share awards in excess of compensation costs (“windfalls”) under ASU No. 2016-09 of $450,000 and $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent on the Company's ability

to generate future taxable income to obtain benefit from the reversal of temporary differences, net operating loss carryforwards and tax credits. As part of its assessment, management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies. At this time there is no evidence to release the valuation allowance that has historically been recorded ~~related to~~for the New Jersey research and development credit.

On December 27, 2018 the Korean Supreme Court, citing prior cases, held that the applicable law and interpretation of the Korea-U.S. Tax Treaty were clear that only royalties paid with respect to Korean registered patents are Korean source income and subject to Korean withholding tax. Based on this decision, the Company has decided to litigate the Korean withholding taxes paid or withheld on the 2018, 2019 and 2020 royalty payments and has engaged a leading Korean law firm which has advised that there is a more-likely-than-not chance of success. As a result, as of March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and December 31, ~~2019,~~2020, the Company has recorded a long-term asset of ~~$30.2~~$43.4 million and ~~$26.9~~$40.1 million, respectively, representing the allocation of withholding to non-Korean patents and a long-term liability of ~~$29.0~~$35.9 million and ~~$25.7~~$32.7 million, respectively, for estimated amounts due to the U.S. Federal government based on the amendment of U.S. tax returns for lower withholding amounts.

With respect to the Korean withholding for the years 2011 through 2017, the Company has decided to continue the U.S.-Korean Mutual Agreement Procedure which was accepted by the Korean National Tax Service (KNTS) on September 15, 2017. The Company believes that it is more-likely-than-not that a favorable settlement will be reached resulting in a reduction of the Korean withholding taxes previously withheld since 2011. A long-term asset of $36.9 million for estimated refunds due from the Korean government, a long-term payable of $16.2 million for estimated amounts due to the U.S. Federal government based on amendment of prior year U.S. tax returns for the lower withholding amounts, and a reduction of deferred tax assets for foreign tax credits and research and development credits of $20.7 million has been recorded on the March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and December 31, ~~2019~~2020 Consolidated Balance Sheets for this matter.

On October 30, 2018, the KNTS concluded a tax audit with LG Display that included the licensing and royalty payments made to UDC Ireland during the years 2015 through 2017. The KNTS questioned whether UDC Ireland was the beneficial owner of these payments and assessed UDC Ireland a charge of $13.2 million for withholding and interest for the three-year period. UDC Ireland has engaged a leading Korean law firm which believes it is more-likely-than-not that UDC Ireland has beneficial ownership of the underlining intellectual property. ~~As a result, a petition has been filed with the Tax Tribunal.~~ Based on this authority, UDC Ireland has paid the assessment which is recorded as a long-term asset as of March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and December 31, ~~2019.~~2020. In September 2020, the Korean District Court ruled entirely in the favor of UDC Ireland on the beneficial ownership issue. However, the KNTS has decided to appeal the ruling to the Korean High Court.

The Company’s federal income tax returns for the years ~~2016~~2017 to ~~2019~~2020 are open and subject to examination. The State of New Jersey is currently auditing the 2014 ~~and~~to 2017 tax returns of UDC, Inc. The ~~State~~state and foreign tax returns are open for a period of generally three to four years.

The above estimates may change in the future and ~~ultimately~~ upon ~~settlement of these uncertain tax positions.~~settlement.

Effective on January 1, 2018, the Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The standard establishes the principles that an entity shall apply to report useful information to users of financial statements about the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows from a contract with a customer.

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company entered into a transaction with one of its customers for emitters involving elements of variable consideration. Due to the escalation in trade policy tension between the governments of China and the United States, the customer required a larger than normal shipment of emitters having a right to return them through March 15, 2020 in order to accommodate their uncertain production needs. Per Topic 606, the Company was constrained to recognizing revenue on this unique shipment to the extent that it was probable that a significant revenue reversal would not occur and deferred recognition of the remainder until after the inherent uncertainties of the transaction were resolved. These uncertainties included factors that were outside of the Company’s influence, including the customer’s production needs and complexities associated with the current international health and trade issues in China. On March 15, 2020, the inherent uncertainties of the transaction were resolved as the customer did not exercise their right of return provision. This event resulted in the recognition of the previously constrained revenue during the three monthsFor both three-month periods ended March 31, ~~2020.~~

~~For the three months ended March 31,~~2021 and 2020, ~~and 2019,~~ the Company recorded 98% ~~and 97%~~ of its revenue from sales of ~~materials, respectively,~~material and 2% ~~and 3%~~ from the providing of services through ~~Adesis, respectively.~~Adesis.

The following table provides information about assets and liabilities associated with our contracts from customers (in thousands):

	As of March 31, 2020		As of March 31, 2021
Accounts receivable	$	82,592	$	91,327
Short-term unbilled receivables		2,757		24,900
Long-term unbilled receivables				—
Short-term deferred revenue		99,565		128,546
Long-term deferred revenue		49,866		49,578

Short-term and long-term unbilled receivables are classified as other current assets and other assets, respectively, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The deferred revenue balance at March 31, ~~2020~~2021 will be recognized as materials are shipped to customers over the remaining contract periods. ~~The significant customer contracts (individually representing greater than 10% of revenue) expire in 2022.~~ As of March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company had ~~$5.2~~$19.4 million of backlog associated with committed purchase orders from its customers for phosphorescent emitter material. These orders are anticipated to be fulfilled within the next 90 days.

Significant changes in the unbilled receivables and deferred liabilities balances for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, are as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020					Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
	Unbilled Receivables Increase (Decrease)		Deferred Revenue (Increase) Decrease			Unbilled Receivables			Deferred Revenue
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	1,362	$	(144,862	)
Balance at December 31, 2020						$	10,429		$	(162,301	)
Revenue recognized that was previously included in deferred revenue		—		38,749			—			33,439
Increases due to cash received		—		(43,685	)		—			(53,000	)
Cumulative catch-up adjustment arising from changes in estimates of transaction price		—		367			—			3,738
Unbilled receivables recognized		1,395		—			20,471			—
Transferred to receivables from unbilled receivables		—		—			(6,000	)		—
Net change		1,395		(4,569	)		14,471			(15,823	)
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	2,757	$	(149,431	)
Balance at March 31, 2021						$	24,900		$	(178,124	)

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019						Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
	Unbilled Receivables Increase (Decrease)			Deferred Revenue (Increase) Decrease			Unbilled Receivables		Deferred Revenue
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	1,020		$	(122,567	)
Balance at December 31, 2019							$	1,362	$	(144,862	)
Revenue recognized that was previously included in deferred revenue		—			27,596			—		38,749
Increases due to cash received		—			(33,080	)		—		(43,685	)
Cumulative catch-up adjustment arising from changes in estimates of transaction price		—			159			—		367
Transferred to receivables from unbilled receivables		(779	)		—
Unbilled receivables recognized								1,395		—
Net change		(779	)		(5,325	)		1,395		(4,569	)
Balance at March 31, 2019	$	241		$	(127,892	)
Balance at March 31, 2020							$	2,757	$	(149,431	)

The Company computes earnings per share in accordance with ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share, which requires earnings per share (EPS) for each class of stock to be calculated using the two-class method. The two-class method is an allocation of income between the holders of common stock and the Company's participating security holders. Under the two-class method, income for the reporting period is allocated between common shareholders and other security holders based on their respective participation rights in undistributed income. Unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are participating securities and, therefore, are included in computing earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method.

Basic net income per common share is computed by dividing net income allocated to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period excluding unvested restricted stock units and performance units. Net income allocated to the holders of the Company's unvested restricted stock awards is calculated based on the shareholders proportionate share of weighted average shares of common stock outstanding on an if-converted basis.

For purposes of determining diluted net income per common share, basic net income per share is further adjusted to include the effect of potential dilutive common shares outstanding, including stock options, restricted stock units and performance units, and the impact of shares to be issued under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

The following table is a reconciliation of net income and the shares used in calculating basic and diluted net income per common share for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019~~2020 (in thousands, except share and per share data):

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020			2019			2021			2020
Numerator:
Net income	$	38,155		$	31,474		$	51,687		$	38,155
Adjustment for Basic EPS:
Earnings allocated to unvested shareholders		(339	)		(325	)		(358	)		(339	)
Adjusted net income	$	37,816		$	31,149		$	51,329		$	37,816
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding – Basic		47,093,033			46,892,914			47,267,921			47,093,033
Effect of dilutive shares:
Common stock equivalents arising from stock options and ESPP		441			800			165			441
Restricted stock awards and units and performance units		29,355			38,285			61,618			29,355
Weighted average common shares outstanding – Diluted		47,122,829			46,931,999			47,329,704			47,122,829
Net income per common share:
Basic	$	0.80		$	0.66		$	1.09		$	0.80
Diluted	$	0.80		$	0.66		$	1.08		$	0.80

For the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, the combined effects of unvested restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, performance unit awards and stock options of ~~14,112~~NaN and ~~1,157,~~14,112, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS as their impact would have been antidilutive.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes above.

This discussion and analysis contains some “forward-looking statements.” Forward-looking statements concern possible or assumed future results of operations, including descriptions of our business strategies and customer relationships. These statements often include words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “seek,” “will,” “may” or similar expressions. These statements are based on assumptions that we have made in light of our experience in the industry, as well as our perceptions of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments and other factors that we believe are appropriate in these circumstances.

As you read and consider this discussion and analysis, you should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. You should understand that these statements involve substantial risk and uncertainty and are not guarantees of future performance or results. They depend on many factors that are discussed further in the ~~section~~sections entitled (Risk Factors) in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2019,~~2020, as supplemented by disclosures in Item 1A of Part II below. Changes or developments in any of these areas could affect our financial results or results of operations and could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated in the forward-looking statements.

All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report or the documents incorporated by reference, as the case may be. We do not undertake any duty to update any of these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this report or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

We are a leader in the research, development and commercialization of organic light emitting diode (OLED), technologies and materials for use in display applications, such as mobile phones, televisions, wearables, tablets, portable media devices, notebook computers, personal computers, and automotive applications, as well as specialty and general lighting products. Since 1994, we have been engaged and expect to continue to be primarily engaged, in funding and performing research and development activities relating to OLED technologies and materials, and commercializing these technologies and materials. We derive our revenue primarily from the following:

Material sales relate to our sale of OLED materials for incorporation into our customers’ commercial OLED products or for their OLED development and evaluation activities. Material sales are generally recognized at the time ~~control~~title passes, which is typically at the time of shipment or at the time of delivery, depending upon the contractual agreement between the parties.

We receive license and royalty payments under certain commercial, development and technology evaluation agreements, some of which are non-refundable advances. These payments may include royalty and license fees made pursuant to license agreements and also license fees included as part of certain commercial supply agreements. These payments are included in the estimate of total contract consideration by customer and recognized as revenue over the contract term based on material units sold at the estimated per unit fee over the life of the contract.

In 2018, we entered into a commercial patent license agreement with Samsung Display Co., Ltd. (SDC). This agreement, which covers the manufacture and sale of specified OLED display materials, was effective as of January 1, 2018 and lasts through the end of 2022 with an additional two-year extension option. Under this agreement, we are being paid a license fee, payable in quarterly ~~installments~~

installments over the agreement term of five years. The agreement conveys to SDC the non-exclusive right to use certain of our intellectual property assets for a limited period of time that is less than the estimated life of the assets.

At the same time that we entered into the current commercial license agreement with SDC, we also entered into a material purchase agreement with SDC. Under the material purchase agreement, SDC agrees to purchase from us a minimum amount of phosphorescent emitter materials for use in the manufacture of licensed products. This minimum commitment is subject to SDC’s requirements for phosphorescent emitter materials and our ability to meet these requirements over the term of the supplemental agreement.

In 2015, we entered into an OLED patent license agreement and an OLED commercial supply agreement with LG Display Co., Ltd. (LG Display), which were effective as of January 1, 2015. The terms of the agreements ~~have a term that is~~were set to expire by the end of 2022. The patent license agreement provides LG Display a non-exclusive, royalty bearing portfolio license to make and sell OLED displays under our patent portfolio. The patent license calls for license fees, prepaid royalties and running royalties on licensed products. The agreements include customary provisions relating to warranties, indemnities, confidentiality, assignability and business terms. The agreements provide for certain other minimum obligations relating to the volume of material sales anticipated over the life of the agreements as well as minimum royalty revenue to be generated under the patent license agreement. We generate revenue under these agreements that are predominantly tied to LG Display’s sales of OLED licensed products. The OLED commercial supply agreement provides for the sales of materials for use by LG Display, which may include phosphorescent emitters and host materials.

In 2021, we entered into amendments of the OLED patent license agreement and the OLED commercial supply agreement with LG Display, which were effective as of January 1, 2021. The amended agreements included a term extension and are set to expire by the end of 2025.

In 2016, we entered into long-term, multi-year OLED patent license and material purchase agreements with Tianma Micro-electronics Co., Ltd. (Tianma). Under the license agreement, we have granted Tianma non-exclusive license rights under various patents owned or controlled by us to manufacture and sell OLED display products. The license agreement calls for license fees and running royalties on Tianma’s sales of licensed products. Additionally, we supply phosphorescent OLED materials to Tianma for use in its licensed products.

In 2017, we entered into long-term, multi-year agreements with BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. (BOE). Under these agreements, we have granted BOE non-exclusive license rights under various patents owned or controlled by us to manufacture and sell OLED display products. We also supply phosphorescent OLED materials to BOE for use in its licensed products.

In 2018, we entered into long-term, multi-year OLED patent license and material purchase agreements with Visionox Technology, Inc. (Visionox). Under the license agreement, we have granted ~~Visionox~~certain of Visionox’s affiliates a non-exclusive license rights under various patents owned or controlled by us to manufacture and sell OLED display products. The license agreement calls for license fees and running royalties on ~~Visionox’s sales of~~ licensed products. Additionally, we supply phosphorescent OLED materials to Visionox for use in its licensed products.

~~In 2019,~~ On April 22, 2021, we ~~entered~~announced an extension of the Visionox agreement by entering into ~~an evaluation~~new five-year OLED material supply and ~~commercial supply relationship with Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co., Ltd. (CSOT). In 2020, we entered into long-term, multi-year~~license agreements with CSOT. Under these agreements, we have granted CSOT non-exclusive license rights under various patents owned or controlled by us to manufacture and sell OLED display products. We also supply phosphorescent OLED materials to CSOT for use in its licensed products.a new affiliate of Visionox, Visionox Hefei Technology Co. Ltd.

In 2016, we acquired Adesis, Inc. (Adesis) with operations in New Castle, Delaware. Adesis is a contract research organization (CRO) that provides support services to the OLED, pharma, biotech, catalysis and other industries. As of March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, Adesis employed a team of 97104 research scientists, chemists, engineers and laboratory technicians. Prior to our acquisition of Adesis in 2016, we utilized more than 50% of Adesis’ technology service and production output. We continue to utilize a significant portion of its technology research capacity for the benefit of our OLED technology development, and Adesis uses the remaining capacity to operate as a CRO in the above-mentioned industries by providing contract research services for non-OLED applications to those third-party customers. Contract research services revenue is earned by providing chemical materials synthesis research, development and commercialization for non-OLED applications on a contractual basis for those third-party customers.

In June 2020, a wholly-owned subsidiary, OVJP Corporation (OVJP Corp) was formed as a Delaware corporation. Based out of California, OVJP Corp was founded to advance the commercialization of our proprietary Organic Vapor Jet Printing (OVJP) technology. As a direct printing technique, OVJP technology has the potential to offer high deposition rates for large-area OLEDs. In addition, OVJP technology reduces OLED material waste associated with use of a shadow mask (i.e., the waste of material that deposits on the shadow mask itself when fabricating an OLED). By comparison to inkjet printing, an OVJP process does not use liquid solvents and therefore the OLED materials utilized are not limited by their viscosity or solvent solubility. OVJP also avoids generation of solvent wastes and eliminates the additional step of removing residual solvent from the OLED device. We believe the successful implementation of the OVJP technology has the potential to increase the addressable market for large-size OLED panels while also serving another potential growth market for our proprietary PHOLED materials and technologies.

In February 2021, we announced the establishment of a new manufacturing site in Shannon, Ireland and an agreement between UDC Ireland Limited and PPG for the production of our OLED materials. The new facility is expected to double our production capacity and allow for the diversification of our manufacturing base for phosphorescent emitters. We anticipate the facility to be operational by early 2022.

We also generate technology development and support revenue earned from development and technology evaluation agreements and commercialization assistance fees, along with, to a minimal extent, government contracts. Relating to our government contracts, we may receive reimbursements by government entities for all or a portion of the research and development costs we incur. Revenues are recognized as services are performed, proportionally as research and development costs are incurred, or as defined milestones are achieved.

We anticipate fluctuations in our annual and quarterly results of operations due to uncertainty regarding, among other factors:

Further, we ~~are monitoring~~continue to monitor the impact of ~~the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)~~COVID-19 on our business. Our global operations, and the global nature of our customer base and their respective customers, expose us to risks associated with public health crises, such as pandemics and epidemics. ~~While we believe the~~The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic had a ~~limited~~substantial impact on our operations and financial results ~~for~~during the year ended December 31, 2020 and continued to have an impact in the three months ended March 31, ~~2020, we~~2021. We expect that as the pandemic ascontinues to evolve, it ~~evolves, to~~may potentially have ana further adverse impact on our results of operations due ~~in large part~~ to uncertainties involving the ~~potential~~continued disruption of the global economy, uncertainties associated with consumer demand for finished OLED goods, and ~~its~~the potential resulting impact on our customers and their demand for our phosphorescent emitters.

At this time, the crisis has not had a significant impact on our ability to fulfill shipments of commercial materials as required by our customers. However, ~~this~~the sustainability of maintaining our testing and manufacturing operations at levels needed to meet fluctuating customer demand is uncertain and is dependent upon the rapidly evolving situations being encountered by our logistics and supply chain partners. In an effort to protect the health and safety of our employees, we have taken proactive measures to adopt social distancing policies at all of our locations, ~~including~~employing nurses to check everyone entering our buildings, working from home, reducing the number of people in our sites at any one time, and suspending employee travel.

While the ultimate health and economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is highly uncertain, we expect that our business operations and results of operations, including our revenues, net income and cash flows, will continue to be adversely impacted for at least the ~~balance~~first half of ~~2020,~~2021, including as a result of:

We are focused on navigating these recent challenges presented by COVID-19 through preserving our liquidity and managing our cash flow. We continue to actively monitor the COVID-19 situation and may take further actions altering our business operations that we determine are in the best interests of our employees, customers, partners, suppliers, and stakeholders, or as required by federal, state, or local authorities. It is not clear what the potential effects any such alterations or modifications may have on our business,

including the effects on our customers, employees, and on our financial results for the remainder of the ~~2020~~2021 fiscal year.

	Three Months Ended March 31,									Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020			2019			Increase (Decrease)			2021			2020			Increase (Decrease)
REVENUE	$	112,277		$	87,765		$	24,512
REVENUE:
Material sales										$	79,808		$	66,575		$	13,233
Royalty and license fees											50,886			43,078			7,808
Contract research services											3,306			2,624			682
Total revenue											134,000			112,277			21,723
COST OF SALES		22,459			15,814			6,645			23,298			22,459			839
Gross margin		89,818			71,951			17,867			110,702			89,818			20,884
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Research and development		19,497			15,829			3,668			23,305			19,497			3,808
Selling, general and administrative		15,403			11,969			3,434			16,404			15,403			1,001
Amortization of acquired technology and other intangible assets		5,490			5,486			4			5,488			5,490			(2	)
Patent costs		1,638			1,770			(132	)		1,835			1,638			197
Royalty and license expense		3,284			2,537			747			112			3,284			(3,172	)
Total operating expenses		45,312			37,591			7,721			47,144			45,312			1,832
OPERATING INCOME		44,506			34,360			10,146			63,558			44,506			19,052
Interest income, net		2,147			2,831			(684	)		133			2,147			(2,014	)
Other income, net		202			282			(80	)		59			202			(143	)
Interest and other income, net		2,349			3,113			(764	)		192			2,349			(2,157	)
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES		46,855			37,473			9,382			63,750			46,855			16,895
INCOME TAX EXPENSE		(8,700	)		(5,999	)		(2,701	)		(12,063	)		(8,700	)		(3,363	)
NET INCOME	$	38,155		$	31,474		$	6,681		$	51,687		$	38,155		$	13,532

~~During~~Our total material sales were $79.8 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020, we recognized revenue of $112.3~~2021, as compared to $66.6 million an increase of $24.5 million from $87.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2019. We believe the increase in revenue was mainly due to the impact from customer inventory management efforts to minimize the effects of potentially heightened trade tensions between the governments of China and the United States and estimated advanced material purchases due to the potential for future supply disruptions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.

~~Revenue derived from OLED sales comprised 98% of total revenue~~ for the three months ended March 31, 2020, an increase of 20% with a commensurate increase in unit material volume of 13%. The increase in material sales was due to increased demand for OLED products utilizing our emitter material as ~~compared~~the global economy continued to ~~97%~~improve during the three months ended March 31, 2021. Even though we believe we have experienced the worst effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, we remain uncertain as to the possibility of its re-emergence and corresponding negative impact on OLED market demand.

Revenue from royalty and license fees was $50.9 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019. The remaining portion~~2021 as compared to $43.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, an increase of 18%, as our customer’s sales of royalty bearing OLED licensed products strengthened during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Contract research services revenue was ~~derived from contract research services.~~$3.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 as compared to $2.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, an increase of 26%. Revenue from contract research services consists of revenue earned by our subsidiary, Adesis, which provides support services to the pharma, biotech, catalysis and other industries on a contractual basis for those third-party customers.

Cost of sales for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 increased by ~~$6.6 million~~$839,000 as compared to the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, primarily due to an increase in the level of material sales. Included in the cost of sales for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, was an increase in inventory reserve of ~~$611,000~~$667,000 and ~~$224,000,~~$611,000, respectively, due to excess inventory levels in certain

products. As a result of the increase in revenue from material sales and royalty and license fees, gross margin for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020,~~2021 increased by ~~$17.9~~$20.9 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, with gross margin as a percentage of revenue ~~decreasing~~increasing to ~~80%~~83% from ~~82%~~80%.

Research and development expenses increased to $23.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to $19.5 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020, as compared to $15.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019.~~2020. The increase in research and development expenses was primarily due to higher employee-related compensation expenses and operating costs, including increased contract research and PPG development activity.

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased to $16.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to $15.4 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020, as compared to $12.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019.~~2020. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily due to higher employee-related compensation expenses.

Amortization of acquired technology and other intangible assets was $5.5 million for both ~~of the~~ three-month periods ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019.~~2020.

Patent costs ~~decreased~~increased to $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020, as compared to $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019.~~2020. The results in the current year ~~quarter~~ reflected ~~lower outside counsel fees offset by higher talent related maintenance costs and~~ higher internal patent prosecution related costs.

Royalty and license expense ~~increased~~decreased to $112,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to $3.3 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020, as compared to $2.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019.~~2020. The ~~increase~~decrease was due to ~~increased~~decreased royalties incurred under our amended license agreement with Princeton, USC and Michigan, resulting from ~~an increase~~a decrease in qualifying material sales. See Note 9 in Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.

Interest income, net was $133,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020, as compared to $2.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019.~~2020. The decrease in interest income, net was primarily due to a decrease in bond yields on available-for-sale investments held in the current ~~quarter~~year over bond yields on available-for-sale investments held in the comparable period in ~~2019.~~2020. Other income, net primarily consisted of net exchange gains and losses on foreign currency transactions and rental income. We recorded other income, net of $59,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 as compared to $202,000 for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020 as compared to $282,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019.~~2020.

We are subject to income taxes in both the United States and foreign jurisdictions. The effective income tax rate was an expense of ~~18.6%~~18.9% and ~~16.0%~~18.6% for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, respectively, and we recorded income tax expense of ~~$8.7~~$12.1 million and ~~$6.0~~$8.7 million, respectively, for those periods. The recorded amounts include deductions for employee share awards in excess of compensation costs (“windfalls”) under Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-09. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, without the $450,000 benefit of ASU No. 2016-09, the effective income tax rate and income tax expense would have been 19.5% and $9.2 million, respectively, and for the three months ended March 31, 2019, without the $1.5 million benefit of ASU No. 2016-09, the effective income tax rate and income tax expense would have been 20.0% and $7.5 million, respectively.

Our principal sources of liquidity are our cash and cash equivalents and our short-term investments. As of March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, we had cash and cash equivalents of ~~$222.7~~$726.3 million and short-term investments of ~~$417.1 million,~~$720,000, for a total of ~~$639.8~~$727.0 million. This compares to cash and cash equivalents of ~~$131.6~~$630.0 million and short-term investments of ~~$514.5,~~$100.0 million, for a total of ~~$646.1~~$730.0 million, as of December 31, ~~2019.~~ 2020.

Cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $29.5 million resulting from $51.7 million of net income and $16.8 million due to changes in our operating assets and liabilities, partially offset by a $39.0 million reduction due

to non-cash items including amortization of deferred revenue, amortization of intangibles and stock-based compensation. Changes in our operating assets and liabilities related to an increase in deferred revenue of $53.0 million and an increase in other liabilities of $6.3 million, partially offset by a decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $21.1 million, an increase in inventory of $10.5 million, an increase in accounts receivable of $9.1 million and an increase in other assets of $1.8 million.

Cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was $5.7 million resulting from $38.2 million of net income, partially offset by a $24.5 million reduction due to non-cash items including amortization of deferred revenue, amortization of intangibles and stock-based compensation, and a $8.0 million reduction due to changes in our operating assets and liabilities. Changes in our operating assets and liabilities related to a decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $29.3 million, an increase in accounts receivable of $22.2 million and an increase in inventory of $10.7 million, partially offset by an increase in deferred revenue of $43.7 million, an increase in other liabilities of $6.1 million and a decrease in other assets of $4.4 million.

Cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was $34.1 million resulting from $31.5 million of net income and $17.8 million due to changes in our operating assets and liabilities, partially offset by a $15.2 million reduction due to non-cash items including amortization of deferred revenue, depreciation and amortization of intangibles. Changes in our operating assets and liabilities related to an increase in deferred revenue of $33.1 million and a reduction of inventory of $1.7 million, partially offset by an increase in accounts receivable of $9.0 million, a reduction of accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities of $5.2 million and an increase in other assets of $2.8 million.

~~Cash provided by~~ investing activities was ~~$97.0 million the three months ended March 31, 2020, as compared to cash used in investing activities of $9.1~~$85.5 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2021, as compared to $97.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. The ~~increase~~decrease was due to the timing of maturities and purchases of investments resulting in net sales of $95.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared $101.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, ~~as compared to $4.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019, partially offset by a decrease~~and an increase in purchases of intangibles and property, plant and equipment of ~~$8.9~~$5.5 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 as compared to the three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020. The ~~decrease~~increase in property, plant and equipment purchases during ~~2020~~2021 was primarily due to improvements to our Ewing facilities in New ~~Jersey as part of our plan to expand operations during 2019.~~Jersey.

Cash used in financing activities was $18.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to $11.7 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020, as compared to $10.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019.~~2020. The increase was due to an increase the payment of withholding taxes related to stock-based compensation to employees of $4.8 million and an increase in the cash payment of dividends in the current year of $2.4 million, partially offset by a decrease in ~~the payment of withholding taxes related to stock-based compensation to employees of $941,000, a decrease in the repurchase of common stock of $649,000~~ and an increase in proceeds from the issuance of common stock of ~~$55,000.~~$89,000.

Working capital was ~~$675.5~~$793.0 million as of March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, as compared to ~~$630.9~~$759.6 million as of December 31, ~~2019.~~2020. The increase was primarily due to an increase in cash and cash equivalents and a decrease in accrued expenses, ~~an increase in accounts receivable, and an increase in inventory,~~ partially offset by a decrease in short-term ~~investments.~~investments and an increase in deferred revenue.

We anticipate, based on our internal forecasts and assumptions relating to our operations (including, among others, assumptions regarding our working capital requirements, the progress of our research and development efforts, the availability of sources of funding for our research and development work, and the timing and costs associated with the preparation, filing, prosecution, maintenance, defense and enforcement of our patents and patent applications), that we have sufficient cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments to meet our obligations for at least the next 12 months. However, the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic and our precautionary measures in response thereto may impact our business and thus our liquidity will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be precisely estimated at this time.

We believe that potential additional financing sources for us include long-term and short-term borrowings, public and private sales of our equity and debt ~~securities and the receipt of cash upon the exercise of outstanding stock options.~~securities. It should be noted, however, that additional funding may be required in the future for research, development and commercialization of our OLED technologies and materials, to obtain, maintain and enforce patents respecting these technologies and materials, and for working capital and other purposes, the timing and amount of which are difficult to ascertain. There can be no assurance that additional funds will be available to us when needed, on commercially reasonable terms or at all, particularly in the current economic environment.

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of these Consolidated Financial Statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect our reported assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and other financial information. Actual results may differ significantly from our estimates under other assumptions and conditions.

We believe that our accounting policies related to revenue recognition and deferred revenue, inventories, and income taxes are our “critical accounting policies” as contemplated by the SEC.

Refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2019,~~2020, for additional discussion of our critical accounting policies.

Refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2019~~2020 for a discussion of our contractual obligations.

As of March 31, ~~2020,~~2021, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements in the nature of guarantee contracts, retained or contingent interests in assets transferred to unconsolidated entities (or similar arrangements serving as credit, liquidity or market risk support to unconsolidated entities for any such assets), or obligations (including contingent obligations) arising out of variable interests in unconsolidated entities providing financing, liquidity, market risk or credit risk support to us, or that engage in leasing, hedging or research and development services with us.

We do not utilize financial instruments for trading purposes and hold no derivative financial instruments, other financial instruments or derivative commodity instruments that could expose us to significant market risk other than our investments disclosed in “Fair Value Measurements” in Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein. We generally invest in investment grade financial instruments to reduce our exposure related to investments. Our primary market risk exposure with regard to such financial instruments is to changes in interest rates, which would impact interest income earned on investments. However, based upon the conservative nature of our investment portfolio and current experience, we do not believe a decrease in investment yields would have a material negative effect on our interest income.

Substantially all our revenue is derived from outside of North America. All revenue is primarily denominated in U.S. dollars and therefore we bear no significant foreign exchange risk.

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report, are effective to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure. However, a controls system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the controls system are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

We believe that opposition proceedings are frequently commenced in the ordinary course of business by third parties who may believe that one or more claims in a patent do not comply with the technical or legal requirements of the specific jurisdiction in which the patent was issued. We view these proceedings as reflective of its goal of obtaining the broadest legally permissible patent coverage permitted in each jurisdiction. Once a proceeding is initiated, as a general matter, the issued patent continues to be presumed valid until the jurisdiction’s applicable administrative body issues a final non-appealable decision. Depending on the jurisdiction, the

outcome of these proceedings could include affirmation, denial or modification of some or all of the originally issued claims. We believe that as OLED technology becomes more established and its patent portfolio increases in size, so will the number of these proceedings.

Below is a summary of an active proceeding that has been commenced against an issued patent that is exclusively licensed to us. We do not believe that the confirmation, loss or modification of our rights in any individual claim or set of claims that are the subject of the following legal proceeding would have a material impact on our ~~materials~~material sales or licensing business or on our Consolidated Financial Statements, including our Consolidated Statements of Income, as a whole. However, as noted within the description, the following proceeding involves an issued patent that relates to our fundamental phosphorescent OLED technologies and we intend to vigorously defend against claims that, in our opinion, seek to restrict or reduce the scope of the originally issued claim, which may require the expenditure of significant amounts of our resources. In certain circumstances, when permitted, we may also utilize a proceeding to request modification of the claims to better distinguish the patented invention from any newly identified prior art and/or improve the claim scope of the patent relative to commercially important categories of the invention.

On November 16, 2011, Osram AG and BASF SE each filed a Notice of Opposition to European Patent No. 1390962 (the EP '962 patent), which relates to the Company’s white phosphorescent OLED technology. The EP '962 patent, which was issued on February 16, 2011, is a European counterpart patent to U.S. patents 7,009,338 and 7,285,907. They are exclusively licensed to us by Princeton, and we are required to pay all legal costs and fees associated with this proceeding.

The European Patent Office (EPO) combined the oppositions into a single opposition proceeding, and a hearing on this matter was held in December 2015, wherein the EPO Opposition Division revoked the patent claims for alleged insufficiencies under European Patent Convention Article 83. We believe the EPO's decision ~~relating to the original claims~~ is erroneous and ~~has~~ appealed the decision. Subsequent to the filing of the appeal, BASF withdrew its opposition to the patent. ~~The EPO~~On appeal, the Appeals Division withdrew the lower Opposition Division’s rejections with respect to a portion of the original subject matter and remanded the matter to the lower Opposition Division ~~has scheduled an appeal hearing~~ for ~~the third quarter of 2020.~~further consideration. The patent, as originally granted, is deemed valid during the pendency of the ~~appeals~~opposition process.

At this time, based on its current knowledge, we believe that the patent being challenged should be declared valid and that ~~all or~~ a significant portion of our claims should be upheld. However, we cannot make any assurances of this result.

In addition to the above proceeding and now concluded proceedings which have been referenced in prior filings, from time to time, we may have other proceedings that are pending which relate to patents we acquired as part of the Fujifilm patent or BASF OLED patent acquisitions or which relate to technologies that are not currently widely used in the marketplace.

~~This section supplements and updates certain of~~There have been no material changes to the ~~information found under~~risk factors previously discussed in Part I, Item ~~1A.~~1A “Risk Factors” ofin our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 based on information currently known to us and recent developments since the filing of such Annual Report on Form 10-K. The matters discussed below should be read in conjunction with the risk factors set forth in such Annual Report on Form 10-K.

~~We expect the COVID-19 pandemic to have a material adverse effect on our operations and business.~~

The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the global economy, disrupted consumer spending and global supply chains, and created significant volatility and disruption of financial markets. We expect the COVID-19 pandemic to have an adverse impact on our business and financial performance. The extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business and financial performance, including our ability to execute our near-term and long-term business strategies and initiatives in the expected time frame, will depend on future developments, including the duration and severity of the pandemic, which are uncertain and cannot be predicted.

~~As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, and in response to government mandates or recommendations, as well as decisions we have made to protect the health and safety of our employees and communities,~~ we have taken proactive measures to adopt social distancing policies at all of our locations, including working from home, reducing the number of people in our sites at any one time, and suspending employee travel. In the future, we may face closure requirements and other operational restrictions with respect to some or all of our physical locations for prolonged periods of time due to, among other factors, evolving and increasingly stringent governmental restrictions including public health directives, quarantine policies or social distancing measures. In addition, many of our customers may reduce their operations, as demand for their products becomes negatively affected, which would adversely impact our revenues from these customers. As a result, we would expect our financial results to be materially adversely impacted.

In addition, consumer spending generally may also be negatively impacted by general macroeconomic conditions and consumer confidence, including the impact of any recession, resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. This may negatively impact sales for our customers and may also have an impact on their development of new products.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we have implemented a work from home policy for many of our corporate employees. This policy may negatively impact productivity and cause other disruptions to our business, and have material and adverse effects on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business is highly uncertain and difficult to predict, as information is rapidly evolving with respect to the duration and severity of the pandemic. At this point, we cannot reasonably estimate the duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, or its overall impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.2020.

The following is a list of the exhibits filed as part of this report. Where so indicated by footnote, exhibits that were previously filed are incorporated by reference. For exhibits incorporated by reference, the location of the exhibit in the previous filing is indicated parenthetically, together with a reference to the filing indicated by footnote.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized:

Pennsylvania		23-2372688
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

375 Phillips Boulevard, Ewing, New Jersey		08618
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value	OLED	The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)
Consolidated Balance Sheets – March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and December 31, ~~2019~~2020		1
Consolidated Statements of Income – Three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019~~2020		2
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income – Three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019~~2020		3
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity – Three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019~~2020		4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019~~2020		5
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements		6
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		25
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		31
Item 4. Controls and Procedures		31

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings		31
Item 1A. Risk Factors		32
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		3332
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities		3332
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures		3332
Item 5. Other Information		3332
Item 6. Exhibits		33

	March 31, 2021		December 31, 2020
Right-of-use assets	$	12,819	$	8,750
Short-term lease liabilities		2,324		1,871
Long-term lease liabilities		10,495		6,879

	March 31, ~~2020~~2021
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)		7.3
Weighted average discount rate		~~5.5~~3.4	%


Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐	Emerging growth company	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐

	Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Available-for-Sale Securities		Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Retirement Plan ⁽²⁾			Change in Cumulative Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Total			Affected Line Items in the Consolidated Statements of Income
Balance December 31, 2019, net of tax	$	191	$	(17,167	)	$	(21	)	$	(16,997	)
Other comprehensive gain before reclassification		1,855		—			(33	)		1,822
Reclassification to net income ⁽¹⁾		—		638			—			638		Selling, general and administrative, research and development and cost of sales
Change during period		1,855		638			(33	)		2,460
Balance March 31, 2020, net of tax	$	2,046	$	(16,529	)	$	(54	)	$	(14,537	)

Exhibit Number		Description

10.1*+		Amendment, dated February 23, 2021, to Amended and Restated OLED Materials Supply and Service Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2011, between the Registrant and PPG Industries, Inc.

31.1*		Certifications of Steven V. Abramson, Chief Executive Officer, as required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a)

31.2*		Certifications of Sidney D. Rosenblatt, Chief Financial Officer, as required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a)

32.1**		Certifications of Steven V. Abramson, Chief Executive Officer, as required by Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b), and by 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. (This exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section. Further, this exhibit shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.)

32.2**		Certifications of Sidney D. Rosenblatt, Chief Financial Officer, as required by Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b), and by 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. (This exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section. Further, this exhibit shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.)

101.INS*		Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104		The cover page of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2020~~2021 formatted in Inline XBRL (included in Item 101.INS)

*		Filed herewith.
**		Furnished herewith.
+		Portions of this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K.

		UNIVERSAL DISPLAY CORPORATION

Date: May ~~7, 2020~~6, 2021		By: /s/ Sidney D. Rosenblatt
		Sidney D. Rosenblatt
		Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer,
		Treasurer and Secretary