FORM 10-Q
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended SeptemberJune 30, 20212022
OR
☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-14905
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 47-0813844 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
3555 Farnam Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68131
(Address of principal executive office) (Zip Code)
(402) 346-1400
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
| Trading Symbols
| Name of each exchange on which registered
|
Class A Common Stock Class B Common Stock 0.750% Senior Notes due 2023
1.300% Senior Notes due 2024 0.000% Senior Notes due 2025 1.125% Senior Notes due 2027 2.150% Senior Notes due 2028
1.625% Senior Notes due 2035 2.375% Senior Notes due 2039 0.500% Senior Notes due 2041 2.625% Senior Notes due 2059 | BRK.A BRK.B BRK23
BRK24 BRK25 BRK27 BRK28
BRK35 BRK39 BRK41 BRK59 | New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange |
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer | ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐ |
|
| Emerging growth company | ☐ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes ☐ No ☒
Number of shares of common stock outstanding as of October 27, 2021:July 26, 2022:
Class A — |
|
Class B — |
|
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
| Page No. | |
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| |
| ||
| Consolidated Balance Sheets— | 2-3 |
| 4 | |
| 5 | |
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| |
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows—First |
|
|
| |
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
|
Item 3. |
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Item 4. |
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Item 1. |
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Item 1A. |
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Item 2. |
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Item 3. |
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Item 4. |
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Item 5. |
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Item 6. |
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|
Part I Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
and Subsidiaries
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(dollars in millions)
| September 30, 2021 |
|
| December 31, 2020 |
| June 30, 2022 |
|
| December 31, 2021 |
| ||||
| (Unaudited) |
|
|
|
|
| (Unaudited) |
|
|
|
|
| ||
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance and Other: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents* | $ | 65,156 |
|
| $ | 44,714 |
| $ | 26,534 |
|
| $ | 85,319 |
|
Short-term investments in U.S. Treasury Bills |
| 79,209 |
|
|
| 90,300 |
|
| 74,803 |
|
|
| 58,535 |
|
Investments in fixed maturity securities |
| 18,125 |
|
|
| 20,410 |
|
| 21,136 |
|
|
| 16,434 |
|
Investments in equity securities |
| 310,739 |
|
|
| 281,170 |
|
| 327,662 |
|
|
| 350,719 |
|
Equity method investments |
| 16,658 |
|
|
| 17,303 |
|
| 17,494 |
|
|
| 17,375 |
|
Loans and finance receivables |
| 20,397 |
|
|
| 19,201 |
|
| 21,877 |
|
|
| 20,751 |
|
Other receivables |
| 37,277 |
|
|
| 32,310 |
|
| 39,678 |
|
|
| 35,388 |
|
Inventories |
| 20,191 |
|
|
| 19,208 |
|
| 24,560 |
|
|
| 20,954 |
|
Property, plant and equipment |
| 20,722 |
|
|
| 21,200 |
|
| 20,517 |
|
|
| 20,834 |
|
Equipment held for lease |
| 14,752 |
|
|
| 14,601 |
|
| 15,125 |
|
|
| 14,918 |
|
Goodwill |
| 47,090 |
|
|
| 47,121 |
|
| 46,951 |
|
|
| 47,117 |
|
Other intangible assets |
| 28,643 |
|
|
| 29,462 |
|
| 27,992 |
|
|
| 28,486 |
|
Deferred charges under retroactive reinsurance contracts |
| 11,732 |
|
|
| 12,441 |
| |||||||
Deferred charges - retroactive reinsurance |
| 10,213 |
|
|
| 10,639 |
| |||||||
Other |
| 16,301 |
|
|
| 14,580 |
|
| 16,302 |
|
|
| 15,854 |
|
|
| 706,992 |
|
|
| 664,021 |
|
| 690,844 |
|
|
| 743,323 |
|
Railroad, Utilities and Energy: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents* |
| 4,833 |
|
|
| 3,276 |
|
| 4,074 |
|
|
| 2,865 |
|
Receivables |
| 4,324 |
|
|
| 3,542 |
|
| 4,815 |
|
|
| 4,177 |
|
Property, plant and equipment |
| 153,401 |
|
|
| 151,216 |
|
| 156,771 |
|
|
| 155,530 |
|
Goodwill |
| 26,680 |
|
|
| 26,613 |
|
| 26,667 |
|
|
| 26,758 |
|
Regulatory assets |
| 3,842 |
|
|
| 3,440 |
|
| 4,259 |
|
|
| 3,963 |
|
Other |
| 20,686 |
|
|
| 21,621 |
|
| 22,430 |
|
|
| 22,168 |
|
|
| 213,766 |
|
|
| 209,708 |
|
| 219,016 |
|
|
| 215,461 |
|
| $ | 920,758 |
|
| $ | 873,729 |
| $ | 909,860 |
|
| $ | 958,784 |
|
* | Includes U.S. Treasury Bills with maturities of three months or less when purchased of |
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
and Subsidiaries
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(dollars in millions)
| September 30, 2021 |
|
| December 31, 2020 |
| June 30, 2022 |
|
| December 31, 2021 |
| ||||
| (Unaudited) |
|
|
|
|
| (Unaudited) |
|
|
|
|
| ||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance and Other: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses | $ | 85,754 |
|
| $ | 79,854 |
| $ | 88,560 |
|
| $ | 86,664 |
|
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses under retroactive reinsurance contracts |
| 39,721 |
|
|
| 40,966 |
|
| 37,234 |
|
|
| 38,256 |
|
Unearned premiums |
| 25,239 |
|
|
| 21,395 |
|
| 25,727 |
|
|
| 23,512 |
|
Life, annuity and health insurance benefits |
| 22,409 |
|
|
| 21,616 |
|
| 22,562 |
|
|
| 22,452 |
|
Other policyholder liabilities |
| 8,863 |
|
|
| 8,670 |
|
| 8,998 |
|
|
| 9,330 |
|
Accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities |
| 31,154 |
|
|
| 29,279 |
|
| 31,387 |
|
|
| 30,376 |
|
Derivative contract liabilities |
| 286 |
|
|
| 1,065 |
| |||||||
Aircraft repurchase liabilities and unearned lease revenues |
| 5,840 |
|
|
| 5,856 |
|
| 5,907 |
|
|
| 5,849 |
|
Notes payable and other borrowings |
| 39,645 |
|
|
| 41,522 |
|
| 42,640 |
|
|
| 39,272 |
|
|
| 258,911 |
|
|
| 250,223 |
|
| 263,015 |
|
|
| 255,711 |
|
Railroad, Utilities and Energy: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities |
| 15,978 |
|
|
| 15,224 |
|
| 16,193 |
|
|
| 15,696 |
|
Regulatory liabilities |
| 7,226 |
|
|
| 7,475 |
|
| 7,290 |
|
|
| 7,214 |
|
Notes payable and other borrowings |
| 75,320 |
|
|
| 75,373 |
|
| 76,441 |
|
|
| 74,990 |
|
|
| 98,524 |
|
|
| 98,072 |
|
| 99,924 |
|
|
| 97,900 |
|
Income taxes, principally deferred |
| 82,248 |
|
|
| 74,098 |
|
| 77,268 |
|
|
| 90,243 |
|
Total liabilities |
| 439,683 |
|
|
| 422,393 |
|
| 440,207 |
|
|
| 443,854 |
|
Shareholders’ equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock |
| 8 |
|
|
| 8 |
|
| 8 |
|
|
| 8 |
|
Capital in excess of par value |
| 35,603 |
|
|
| 35,626 |
|
| 35,204 |
|
|
| 35,592 |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
| (4,834 | ) |
|
| (4,243 | ) |
| (6,175 | ) |
|
| (4,027 | ) |
Retained earnings |
| 494,775 |
|
|
| 444,626 |
|
| 496,126 |
|
|
| 534,421 |
|
Treasury stock, at cost |
| (53,072 | ) |
|
| (32,853 | ) |
| (63,934 | ) |
|
| (59,795 | ) |
Berkshire Hathaway shareholders’ equity |
| 472,480 |
|
|
| 443,164 |
|
| 461,229 |
|
|
| 506,199 |
|
Noncontrolling interests |
| 8,595 |
|
|
| 8,172 |
|
| 8,424 |
|
|
| 8,731 |
|
Total shareholders’ equity |
| 481,075 |
|
|
| 451,336 |
|
| 469,653 |
|
|
| 514,930 |
|
| $ | 920,758 |
|
| $ | 873,729 |
| $ | 909,860 |
|
| $ | 958,784 |
|
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
and Subsidiaries
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS
(dollars in millions except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance and Other: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance premiums earned | $ | 17,727 |
|
| $ | 15,913 |
|
| $ | 51,314 |
|
| $ | 47,256 |
| $ | 18,087 |
|
| $ | 17,163 |
|
| $ | 35,579 |
|
| $ | 33,587 |
|
Sales and service revenues |
| 36,722 |
|
|
| 32,703 |
|
|
| 107,163 |
|
|
| 93,332 |
|
| 40,220 |
|
|
| 36,743 |
|
|
| 78,082 |
|
|
| 70,441 |
|
Leasing revenues |
| 1,565 |
|
|
| 1,316 |
|
|
| 4,336 |
|
|
| 3,905 |
|
| 1,887 |
|
|
| 1,447 |
|
|
| 3,559 |
|
|
| 2,771 |
|
Interest, dividend and other investment income |
| 1,795 |
|
|
| 1,717 |
|
|
| 5,544 |
|
|
| 6,143 |
|
| 2,861 |
|
|
| 1,898 |
|
|
| 4,723 |
|
|
| 3,749 |
|
|
| 57,809 |
|
|
| 51,649 |
|
|
| 168,357 |
|
|
| 150,636 |
|
| 63,055 |
|
|
| 57,251 |
|
|
| 121,943 |
|
|
| 110,548 |
|
Railroad, Utilities and Energy: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Freight rail transportation revenues |
| 5,761 |
|
|
| 5,148 |
|
|
| 16,917 |
|
|
| 15,101 |
|
| 6,612 |
|
|
| 5,778 |
|
|
| 12,556 |
|
|
| 11,156 |
|
Energy operating revenues |
| 5,225 |
|
|
| 4,451 |
|
|
| 14,375 |
|
|
| 11,504 |
|
| 4,935 |
|
|
| 4,302 |
|
|
| 9,753 |
|
|
| 9,150 |
|
Service revenues and other income |
| 1,788 |
|
|
| 1,776 |
|
|
| 4,647 |
|
|
| 3,888 |
|
| 1,578 |
|
|
| 1,783 |
|
|
| 2,738 |
|
|
| 2,859 |
|
|
| 12,774 |
|
|
| 11,375 |
|
|
| 35,939 |
|
|
| 30,493 |
|
| 13,125 |
|
|
| 11,863 |
|
|
| 25,047 |
|
|
| 23,165 |
|
Total revenues |
| 70,583 |
|
|
| 63,024 |
|
|
| 204,296 |
|
|
| 181,129 |
|
| 76,180 |
|
|
| 69,114 |
|
|
| 146,990 |
|
|
| 133,713 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment and derivative contract gains |
| 4,921 |
|
|
| 31,582 |
|
|
| 38,015 |
|
|
| 1,392 |
| |||||||||||||||
Investment and derivative contract gains (losses) |
| (66,919 | ) |
|
| 27,394 |
|
|
| (68,897 | ) |
|
| 33,094 |
| |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs and expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance and Other: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance losses and loss adjustment expenses |
| 13,939 |
|
|
| 11,667 |
|
|
| 37,078 |
|
|
| 32,712 |
|
| 13,620 |
|
|
| 12,175 |
|
|
| 26,952 |
|
|
| 23,139 |
|
Life, annuity and health insurance benefits |
| 1,568 |
|
|
| 1,311 |
|
|
| 4,507 |
|
|
| 4,101 |
|
| 1,282 |
|
|
| 1,459 |
|
|
| 2,605 |
|
|
| 2,939 |
|
Insurance underwriting expenses |
| 3,239 |
|
|
| 3,228 |
|
|
| 9,318 |
|
|
| 9,219 |
|
| 2,461 |
|
|
| 3,065 |
|
|
| 5,228 |
|
|
| 6,079 |
|
Cost of sales and services |
| 28,984 |
|
|
| 25,957 |
|
|
| 84,275 |
|
|
| 74,565 |
|
| 31,633 |
|
|
| 28,761 |
|
|
| 61,418 |
|
|
| 55,291 |
|
Cost of leasing |
| 1,116 |
|
|
| 854 |
|
|
| 2,980 |
|
|
| 2,605 |
|
| 1,498 |
|
|
| 982 |
|
|
| 2,730 |
|
|
| 1,864 |
|
Selling, general and administrative expenses |
| 4,889 |
|
|
| 5,181 |
|
|
| 13,844 |
|
|
| 14,304 |
|
| 3,762 |
|
|
| 5,045 |
|
|
| 8,013 |
|
|
| 8,955 |
|
Goodwill and intangible asset impairments |
| — |
|
|
| 25 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 10,659 |
| |||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
| 286 |
|
|
| 263 |
|
|
| 860 |
|
|
| 817 |
|
| 302 |
|
|
| 298 |
|
|
| 566 |
|
|
| 574 |
|
|
| 54,021 |
|
|
| 48,486 |
|
|
| 152,862 |
|
|
| 148,982 |
|
| 54,558 |
|
|
| 51,785 |
|
|
| 107,512 |
|
|
| 98,841 |
|
Railroad, Utilities and Energy: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Freight rail transportation expenses |
| 3,527 |
|
|
| 3,161 |
|
|
| 10,625 |
|
|
| 9,625 |
|
| 4,260 |
|
|
| 3,588 |
|
|
| 8,185 |
|
|
| 7,098 |
|
Utilities and energy cost of sales and other expenses |
| 3,497 |
|
|
| 3,101 |
|
|
| 10,306 |
|
|
| 8,326 |
|
| 3,844 |
|
|
| 3,220 |
|
|
| 7,435 |
|
|
| 6,809 |
|
Other expenses |
| 1,582 |
|
|
| 1,481 |
|
|
| 4,238 |
|
|
| 3,422 |
|
| 1,527 |
|
|
| 1,563 |
|
|
| 2,683 |
|
|
| 2,656 |
|
Interest expense |
| 770 |
|
|
| 737 |
|
|
| 2,322 |
|
|
| 2,209 |
|
| 785 |
|
|
| 778 |
|
|
| 1,555 |
|
|
| 1,552 |
|
|
| 9,376 |
|
|
| 8,480 |
|
|
| 27,491 |
|
|
| 23,582 |
|
| 10,416 |
|
|
| 9,149 |
|
|
| 19,858 |
|
|
| 18,115 |
|
Total costs and expenses |
| 63,397 |
|
|
| 56,966 |
|
|
| 180,353 |
|
|
| 172,564 |
|
| 64,974 |
|
|
| 60,934 |
|
|
| 127,370 |
|
|
| 116,956 |
|
Earnings before income taxes and equity method earnings |
| 12,107 |
|
|
| 37,640 |
|
|
| 61,958 |
|
|
| 9,957 |
| |||||||||||||||
Earnings (loss) before income taxes and equity method earnings |
| (55,713 | ) |
|
| 35,574 |
|
|
| (49,277 | ) |
|
| 49,851 |
| |||||||||||||||
Equity method earnings |
| 377 |
|
|
| 290 |
|
|
| 775 |
|
|
| 333 |
|
| 231 |
|
|
| 147 |
|
|
| 607 |
|
|
| 398 |
|
Earnings before income taxes |
| 12,484 |
|
|
| 37,930 |
|
|
| 62,733 |
|
|
| 10,290 |
| |||||||||||||||
Income tax expense |
| 1,840 |
|
|
| 7,517 |
|
|
| 11,824 |
|
|
| 3,167 |
| |||||||||||||||
Net earnings |
| 10,644 |
|
|
| 30,413 |
|
|
| 50,909 |
|
|
| 7,123 |
| |||||||||||||||
Earnings (loss) before income taxes |
| (55,482 | ) |
|
| 35,721 |
|
|
| (48,670 | ) |
|
| 50,249 |
| |||||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
| (12,106 | ) |
|
| 7,296 |
|
|
| (10,879 | ) |
|
| 9,984 |
| |||||||||||||||
Net earnings (loss) |
| (43,376 | ) |
|
| 28,425 |
|
|
| (37,791 | ) |
|
| 40,265 |
| |||||||||||||||
Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests |
| 300 |
|
|
| 276 |
|
|
| 760 |
|
|
| 437 |
|
| 379 |
|
|
| 331 |
|
|
| 504 |
|
|
| 460 |
|
Net earnings attributable to Berkshire Hathaway shareholders | $ | 10,344 |
|
| $ | 30,137 |
|
| $ | 50,149 |
|
| $ | 6,686 |
| |||||||||||||||
Net earnings per average equivalent Class A share | $ | 6,882 |
|
| $ | 18,994 |
|
| $ | 33,025 |
|
| $ | 4,160 |
| |||||||||||||||
Net earnings per average equivalent Class B share* | $ | 4.59 |
|
| $ | 12.66 |
|
| $ | 22.02 |
|
| $ | 2.77 |
| |||||||||||||||
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Berkshire Hathaway shareholders | $ | (43,755 | ) |
| $ | 28,094 |
|
| $ | (38,295 | ) |
| $ | 39,805 |
| |||||||||||||||
Net earnings (loss) per average equivalent Class A share | $ | (29,754 | ) |
| $ | 18,488 |
|
| $ | (26,005 | ) |
| $ | 26,078 |
| |||||||||||||||
Net earnings (loss) per average equivalent Class B share* | $ | (19.84 | ) |
| $ | 12.33 |
|
| $ | (17.34 | ) |
| $ | 17.39 |
| |||||||||||||||
Average equivalent Class A shares outstanding |
| 1,503,013 |
|
|
| 1,586,698 |
|
|
| 1,518,513 |
|
|
| 1,607,041 |
|
| 1,470,577 |
|
|
| 1,519,576 |
|
|
| 1,472,628 |
|
|
| 1,526,392 |
|
Average equivalent Class B shares outstanding |
| 2,254,518,838 |
|
|
| 2,380,046,304 |
|
|
| 2,277,769,582 |
|
|
| 2,410,561,550 |
|
| 2,205,865,262 |
|
|
| 2,279,363,382 |
|
|
| 2,208,942,539 |
|
|
| 2,289,587,640 |
|
* | Class B shares are economically equivalent to |
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
and Subsidiaries
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(dollars in millions)
(Unaudited)
|
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
|
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||
Net earnings |
| $ | 10,644 |
|
| $ | 30,413 |
|
| $ | 50,909 |
|
| $ | 7,123 |
| ||||||||||||||||
Net earnings (loss) |
| $ | (43,376 | ) |
| $ | 28,425 |
|
| $ | (37,791 | ) |
| $ | 40,265 |
| ||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized appreciation of investments |
|
| (89 | ) |
|
| 19 |
|
|
| (164 | ) |
|
| 42 |
|
|
| (211 | ) |
|
| 12 |
|
|
| (447 | ) |
|
| (75 | ) |
Applicable income taxes |
|
| 20 |
|
|
| (4 | ) |
|
| 38 |
|
|
| (13 | ) |
|
| 44 |
|
|
| (2 | ) |
|
| 95 |
|
|
| 18 |
|
Foreign currency translation |
|
| (643 | ) |
|
| 791 |
|
|
| (616 | ) |
|
| (77 | ) |
|
| (1,751 | ) |
|
| 312 |
|
|
| (2,067 | ) |
|
| 27 |
|
Applicable income taxes |
|
| 6 |
|
|
| (3 | ) |
|
| (8 | ) |
|
| 34 |
|
|
| 63 |
|
|
| (11 | ) |
|
| 52 |
|
|
| (14 | ) |
Defined benefit pension plans |
|
| 54 |
|
|
| (24 | ) |
|
| 158 |
|
|
| 86 |
|
|
| 15 |
|
|
| 43 |
|
|
| 41 |
|
|
| 104 |
|
Applicable income taxes |
|
| (13 | ) |
|
| 8 |
|
|
| (42 | ) |
|
| (14 | ) |
|
| (4 | ) |
|
| (9 | ) |
|
| (9 | ) |
|
| (29 | ) |
Other, net |
|
| 38 |
|
|
| 16 |
|
|
| 45 |
|
|
| (19 | ) |
|
| 68 |
|
|
| 13 |
|
|
| 155 |
|
|
| 7 |
|
Other comprehensive income, net |
|
| (627 | ) |
|
| 803 |
|
|
| (589 | ) |
|
| 39 |
|
|
| (1,776 | ) |
|
| 358 |
|
|
| (2,180 | ) |
|
| 38 |
|
Comprehensive income |
|
| 10,017 |
|
|
| 31,216 |
|
|
| 50,320 |
|
|
| 7,162 |
|
|
| (45,152 | ) |
|
| 28,783 |
|
|
| (39,971 | ) |
|
| 40,303 |
|
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests |
|
| 288 |
|
|
| 302 |
|
|
| 762 |
|
|
| 423 |
|
|
| 350 |
|
|
| 202 |
|
|
| 472 |
|
|
| 338 |
|
Comprehensive income attributable to Berkshire Hathaway shareholders |
| $ | 9,729 |
|
| $ | 30,914 |
|
| $ | 49,558 |
|
| $ | 6,739 |
|
| $ | (45,502 | ) |
| $ | 28,581 |
|
| $ | (40,443 | ) |
| $ | 39,965 |
|
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
and Subsidiaries
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(dollars in millions)
(Unaudited)
|
| Berkshire Hathaway shareholders’ equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Berkshire Hathaway shareholders’ equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
| Common stock and capital in excess of par value |
|
| Accumulated other comprehensive income |
|
| Retained earnings |
|
| Treasury stock |
|
| Non- controlling interests |
|
| Total |
|
| Common stock and capital in excess of par value |
|
| Accumulated other comprehensive income |
|
| Retained earnings |
|
| Treasury stock |
|
| Non- controlling interests |
|
| Total |
| ||||||||||||
For the third quarter and first nine months of 2021 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
For the second quarter and first six months of 2022 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2021 |
| $ | 35,600 |
|
| $ | (4,027 | ) |
| $ | 534,421 |
|
| $ | (59,795 | ) |
| $ | 8,731 |
|
| $ | 514,930 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net earnings |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 5,460 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 125 |
|
|
| 5,585 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net |
|
| — |
|
|
| (401 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (3 | ) |
|
| (404 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of common stock |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (3,111 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (3,111 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transactions with noncontrolling interests |
|
| (6 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (129 | ) |
|
| (135 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2022 |
| $ | 35,594 |
|
| $ | (4,428 | ) |
| $ | 539,881 |
|
| $ | (62,906 | ) |
| $ | 8,724 |
|
| $ | 516,865 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net earnings (loss) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (43,755 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| 379 |
|
|
| (43,376 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net |
|
| — |
|
|
| (1,747 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (29 | ) |
|
| (1,776 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of common stock |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (1,028 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (1,028 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transactions with noncontrolling interests |
|
| (382 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (650 | ) |
|
| (1,032 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2022 |
| $ | 35,212 |
|
| $ | (6,175 | ) |
| $ | 496,126 |
|
| $ | (63,934 | ) |
| $ | 8,424 |
|
| $ | 469,653 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
For the second quarter and first six months of 2021 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2020 |
| $ | 35,634 |
|
| $ | (4,243 | ) |
| $ | 444,626 |
|
| $ | (32,853 | ) |
| $ | 8,172 |
|
| $ | 451,336 |
|
| $ | 35,634 |
|
| $ | (4,243 | ) |
| $ | 444,626 |
|
| $ | (32,853 | ) |
| $ | 8,172 |
|
| $ | 451,336 |
|
Net earnings |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 11,711 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 129 |
|
|
| 11,840 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 11,711 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 129 |
|
|
| 11,840 |
|
Other comprehensive income, net |
|
| — |
|
|
| (327 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 7 |
|
|
| (320 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (327 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 7 |
|
|
| (320 | ) |
Acquisition of common stock |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (6,565 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (6,565 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (6,565 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (6,565 | ) |
Transactions with noncontrolling interests |
|
| 4 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (119 | ) |
|
| (115 | ) |
|
| 4 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (119 | ) |
|
| (115 | ) |
Balance at March 31, 2021 |
| $ | 35,638 |
|
| $ | (4,570 | ) |
| $ | 456,337 |
|
| $ | (39,418 | ) |
| $ | 8,189 |
|
| $ | 456,176 |
|
| $ | 35,638 |
|
| $ | (4,570 | ) |
| $ | 456,337 |
|
| $ | (39,418 | ) |
| $ | 8,189 |
|
| $ | 456,176 |
|
Net earnings |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 28,094 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 331 |
|
|
| 28,425 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 28,094 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 331 |
|
|
| 28,425 |
|
Other comprehensive income, net |
|
| — |
|
|
| 351 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 7 |
|
|
| 358 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 351 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 7 |
|
|
| 358 |
|
Acquisition of common stock |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (6,028 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (6,028 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (6,028 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (6,028 | ) |
Transactions with noncontrolling interests |
|
| 5 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (136 | ) |
|
| (131 | ) |
|
| 5 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (136 | ) |
|
| (131 | ) |
Balance at June 30, 2021 |
| $ | 35,643 |
|
| $ | (4,219 | ) |
| $ | 484,431 |
|
| $ | (45,446 | ) |
| $ | 8,391 |
|
| $ | 478,800 |
|
| $ | 35,643 |
|
| $ | (4,219 | ) |
| $ | 484,431 |
|
| $ | (45,446 | ) |
| $ | 8,391 |
|
| $ | 478,800 |
|
Net earnings |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 10,344 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 300 |
|
|
| 10,644 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net |
|
| — |
|
|
| (615 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (12 | ) |
|
| (627 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of common stock |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (7,626 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (7,626 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transactions with noncontrolling interests |
|
| (32 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (84 | ) |
|
| (116 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2021 |
| $ | 35,611 |
|
| $ | (4,834 | ) |
| $ | 494,775 |
|
| $ | (53,072 | ) |
| $ | 8,595 |
|
| $ | 481,075 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
For the third quarter and first nine months of 2020 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2019 |
| $ | 35,666 |
|
| $ | (5,243 | ) |
| $ | 402,493 |
|
| $ | (8,125 | ) |
| $ | 3,772 |
|
| $ | 428,563 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net earnings (loss) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (49,746 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| 49 |
|
|
| (49,697 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adoption of new accounting pronouncement |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (388 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (388 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net |
|
| — |
|
|
| (1,478 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (53 | ) |
|
| (1,531 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of common stock |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (1,575 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (1,575 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transactions with noncontrolling interests |
|
| (39 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (98 | ) |
|
| (137 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2020 |
| $ | 35,627 |
|
| $ | (6,721 | ) |
| $ | 352,359 |
|
| $ | (9,700 | ) |
| $ | 3,670 |
|
| $ | 375,235 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net earnings |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 26,295 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 112 |
|
|
| 26,407 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net |
|
| — |
|
|
| 754 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 13 |
|
|
| 767 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of common stock |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (5,115 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (5,115 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transactions with noncontrolling interests |
|
| (4 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (37 | ) |
|
| (41 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2020 |
| $ | 35,623 |
|
| $ | (5,967 | ) |
| $ | 378,654 |
|
| $ | (14,815 | ) |
| $ | 3,758 |
|
| $ | 397,253 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net earnings |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 30,137 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 276 |
|
|
| 30,413 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net |
|
| — |
|
|
| 777 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 26 |
|
|
| 803 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of common stock |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (9,260 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (9,260 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transactions with noncontrolling interests |
|
| 6 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 6 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2020 |
| $ | 35,629 |
|
| $ | (5,190 | ) |
| $ | 408,791 |
|
| $ | (24,075 | ) |
| $ | 4,060 |
|
| $ | 419,215 |
|
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
and Subsidiaries
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(dollars in millions)
(Unaudited)
|
| First Nine Months |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net earnings |
| $ | 50,909 |
|
| $ | 7,123 |
| ||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to operating cash flows: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Net earnings (loss) |
| $ | (37,791 | ) |
| $ | 40,265 |
| ||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to operating cash flows: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Investment (gains) losses |
|
| (37,235 | ) |
|
| (2,032 | ) |
|
| 68,589 |
|
|
| (32,384 | ) |
Depreciation and amortization |
|
| 8,013 |
|
|
| 7,692 |
|
|
| 5,413 |
|
|
| 5,345 |
|
Other, including asset impairment charges |
|
| (717 | ) |
|
| 10,934 |
| ||||||||
Other |
|
| (2,586 | ) |
|
| 33 |
| ||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
| 4,809 |
|
|
| 4,480 |
| ||||||||
Deferred charges reinsurance assumed |
|
| 709 |
|
|
| 735 |
| ||||||||
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
| 1,505 |
|
|
| 2,357 |
| ||||||||
Deferred charges - retroactive reinsurance |
|
| 426 |
|
|
| 473 |
| ||||||||
Unearned premiums |
|
| 3,958 |
|
|
| 2,544 |
|
|
| 2,384 |
|
|
| 2,375 |
|
Receivables and originated loans |
|
| (6,810 | ) |
|
| (3,223 | ) |
|
| (6,372 | ) |
|
| (4,825 | ) |
Other assets |
|
| (1,558 | ) |
|
| (1,673 | ) |
|
| (4,686 | ) |
|
| (909 | ) |
Other liabilities |
|
| 1,928 |
|
|
| 2,446 |
|
|
| 1,467 |
|
|
| (664 | ) |
Income taxes |
|
| 7,620 |
|
|
| 201 |
|
|
| (12,988 | ) |
|
| 7,493 |
|
Net cash flows from operating activities |
|
| 31,626 |
|
|
| 29,227 |
|
|
| 15,361 |
|
|
| 19,559 |
|
Cash flows from investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases of equity securities |
|
| (5,004 | ) |
|
| (22,406 | ) |
|
| (57,269 | ) |
|
| (3,589 | ) |
Sales of equity securities |
|
| 11,975 |
|
|
| 28,564 |
|
|
| 12,044 |
|
|
| 8,596 |
|
Purchases of U.S. Treasury Bills and fixed maturity securities |
|
| (106,399 | ) |
|
| (153,897 | ) |
|
| (100,355 | ) |
|
| (99,731 | ) |
Sales of U.S. Treasury Bills and fixed maturity securities |
|
| 15,945 |
|
|
| 23,744 |
|
|
| 54,637 |
|
|
| 10,814 |
|
Redemptions and maturities of U.S. Treasury Bills and fixed maturity securities |
|
| 103,294 |
|
|
| 81,252 |
|
|
| 23,681 |
|
|
| 77,541 |
|
Purchases of loans and finance receivables |
|
| (70 | ) |
|
| (619 | ) |
|
| (22 | ) |
|
| (56 | ) |
Collections of loans and finance receivables |
|
| 283 |
|
|
| 268 |
|
|
| 130 |
|
|
| 218 |
|
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired |
|
| (204 | ) |
|
| (111 | ) |
|
| (103 | ) |
|
| (104 | ) |
Purchases of property, plant and equipment and equipment held for lease |
|
| (9,244 | ) |
|
| (9,516 | ) |
|
| (6,833 | ) |
|
| (5,663 | ) |
Other |
|
| 1,505 |
|
|
| (1,685 | ) |
|
| (83 | ) |
|
| 541 |
|
Net cash flows from investing activities |
|
| 12,081 |
|
|
| (54,406 | ) |
|
| (74,173 | ) |
|
| (11,433 | ) |
Cash flows from financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from borrowings of insurance and other businesses |
|
| 2,952 |
|
|
| 3,435 |
|
|
| 6,972 |
|
|
| 2,949 |
|
Repayments of borrowings of insurance and other businesses |
|
| (3,010 | ) |
|
| (2,116 | ) |
|
| (1,440 | ) |
|
| (2,481 | ) |
Proceeds from borrowings of railroad, utilities and energy businesses |
|
| 2,939 |
|
|
| 6,424 |
|
|
| 3,189 |
|
|
| 1,464 |
|
Repayments of borrowings of railroad, utilities and energy businesses |
|
| (2,609 | ) |
|
| (2,449 | ) |
|
| (1,374 | ) |
|
| (2,546 | ) |
Changes in short term borrowings, net |
|
| (689 | ) |
|
| (1,062 | ) |
|
| (85 | ) |
|
| (65 | ) |
Acquisition of treasury stock |
|
| (20,192 | ) |
|
| (15,712 | ) |
|
| (4,191 | ) |
|
| (12,560 | ) |
Other |
|
| (755 | ) |
|
| (196 | ) |
|
| (1,464 | ) |
|
| (339 | ) |
Net cash flows from financing activities |
|
| (21,364 | ) |
|
| (11,676 | ) |
|
| 1,607 |
|
|
| (13,578 | ) |
Effects of foreign currency exchange rate changes |
|
| (98 | ) |
|
| (340 | ) |
|
| (277 | ) |
|
| (112 | ) |
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash |
|
| 22,245 |
|
|
| (37,195 | ) |
|
| (57,482 | ) |
|
| (5,564 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year* |
|
| 48,396 |
|
|
| 64,632 |
|
|
| 88,706 |
|
|
| 48,396 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of third quarter* |
| $ | 70,641 |
|
| $ | 27,437 |
| ||||||||
*Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash are comprised of the following: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of second quarter* |
| $ | 31,224 |
|
| $ | 42,832 |
| ||||||||
*Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash are comprised of: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Beginning of year— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance and Other |
| $ | 44,714 |
|
| $ | 61,151 |
|
| $ | 85,319 |
|
| $ | 44,714 |
|
Railroad, Utilities and Energy |
|
| 3,276 |
|
|
| 3,024 |
|
|
| 2,865 |
|
|
| 3,276 |
|
Restricted cash included in other assets |
|
| 406 |
|
|
| 457 |
|
|
| 522 |
|
|
| 406 |
|
|
| $ | 48,396 |
|
| $ | 64,632 |
|
| $ | 88,706 |
|
| $ | 48,396 |
|
End of third quarter— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
End of second quarter— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Insurance and Other |
| $ | 65,156 |
|
| $ | 23,078 |
|
| $ | 26,534 |
|
| $ | 38,924 |
|
Railroad, Utilities and Energy |
|
| 4,833 |
|
|
| 3,739 |
|
|
| 4,074 |
|
|
| 3,374 |
|
Restricted cash included in other assets |
|
| 652 |
|
|
| 620 |
|
|
| 616 |
|
|
| 534 |
|
|
| $ | 70,641 |
|
| $ | 27,437 |
|
| $ | 31,224 |
|
| $ | 42,832 |
|
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
and Subsidiaries
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
SeptemberJune 30, 20212022
Note 1. General
The accompanying unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Berkshire Hathaway Inc. (“Berkshire” or “Company”) consolidated with the accounts of all its subsidiaries and affiliates in which Berkshire holds controlling financial interests as of the financial statement date. In these notes, the terms “us,” “we” or “our” refer to Berkshire and its consolidated subsidiaries. Reference is made to Berkshire’s most recently issued Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Annual Report”), which includes information necessary or useful to understanding Berkshire’s businesses and financial statement presentations. Our significant accounting policies and practices were presented as Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Annual Report.
Financial information in this Quarterly Report reflects all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to a fair statement of results for the interim periods in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). For a number of reasons, our results for interim periods are not normally indicative of results to be expected for the year. The timing and magnitude of catastrophe losses incurred by insurance subsidiaries and the estimation error inherent to the process of determining liabilities for unpaid losses of insurance subsidiaries can be more significant to results of interim periods than to results for a full year. Given the size of our equity security investment portfolio, changes in market prices and the related changes in unrealized gains and losses on equity securities will produce significant volatility in our interim and annual earnings. In addition, changes in the fair values of certain derivative contract liabilities, gains and losses from the periodic revaluation of certain assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies and the magnitude of asset impairment charges canmay cause significant variations in periodic net earnings.
The novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) spread rapidly acrossTo varying degrees, the world in 2020 and was declared aCOVID-19 pandemic by the World Health Organization. Thecontinues to affect our operating businesses. Significant government and private sector responsesactions have been taken since 2020 to contain itscontrol the spread began to significantly affect our operating businesses in Marchand mitigate the economic effects of 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected nearly all of our operations during 2020 and in particular during the second quarter, although the effects varied significantly. Beginningvirus. Actions in the third quarterlatter part of 2020, many2021 and during 2022 included temporary business closures or restrictions of our businesses experienced significantly higher sales and earnings relativebusiness activities in various parts of the world in response to the second quarter, reflecting higher customer demand. The extentemergence of variants of the virus. Notwithstanding these efforts, significant disruptions of supply chains and higher costs have persisted in 2022. Further, the development of geopolitical conflicts in 2022 have contributed to disruptions of supply chains, resulting in cost increases for commodities, goods and services in many parts of the world. The economic effects from these events over longer terms cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. Risks and uncertainties resulting from the pandemic that may affect our future earnings, cash flows and financial condition include the ability to vaccinate a significant number of people in the U.S. and throughout the world, as well as the long-term effect from the pandemic on the demand for certain of our products and services. Accordingly, significant estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements, including those associated with evaluations of certain long-lived assets, goodwill and other intangible assets for impairment, expected credit losses on amounts owed to us and the estimations of certain losses assumed under insurance and reinsurance contracts, may be subject to significant adjustments in future periods.
Note 2. New accounting pronouncements
We adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 326 “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses” on January 1, 2020. ASC 326 provides for the measurement of expected credit losses on financial assets that are carried at amortized cost based on the net amounts expected to be collected. Measurements of expected credit losses include provisions for non-collection, whether the risk is probable or remote. Prior to the adoption of ASC 326, credit losses were measured when non-collection was considered probable based on the prevailing facts and circumstances. Upon adoption of ASC 326, we recorded a charge to retained earnings of $388 million representing the cumulative after-tax increase in our allowances for credit losses, which was primarily related to our manufactured housing loans.
In August 2018, the FASBFinancial Accounting Standards Board issued ASUAccounting Standards Update 2018-12 “Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts.”Contracts” (“ASU 2018-12”). ASU 2018-12 requires periodic reassessment of actuarialcash flow assumptions at least annually and revision of discount rate assumptions used to valueeach reporting period in valuing policyholder liabilities and deferred acquisition costs of long-duration insurance and reinsurance contracts, withcontracts. Under ASU 2018-12, the effects offrom changes in cash flow assumptions are reflected in earnings and the effects offrom changes in discount rate assumptions are reflected in other comprehensive income. Currently, the actuarialcash flow and discount rate assumptions are establishedset at the contract inception date and not subsequently changed, except under limited circumstances. ASU 2018-12 requiresis to be applied retrospectively to the earliest period presented in the financial statements, will require new disclosures and is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted.
We will adopt ASU 2018-12 as of January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective method, whereby revised cash flow and discount rate assumptions as of January 1, 2021 (the transition date) are evaluatingapplied to contracts then in-force, with liabilities then remeasured as provided under the standard. The cumulative effects from discount rate assumption changes as of the transition date will be recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and the cumulative effect from cash flow assumption changes will be recorded in retained earnings. While we have not finalized our assessment of the impact of the adoption as of the transition date, we currently believe that the changes in discount rate assumptions will have a greater effect on our recorded liabilities than changes in cash flow assumptions. We currently estimate that as of January 1, 2021, the adoption of ASU 2018-12 will reduce our consolidated shareholders’ equity between $6 billion and $7 billion from the amount previously reported, primarily due to the low interest rate environment at that time. However, the ultimate impact of adopting ASU 2018-12 will be based on the discount rate and cash flow assumptions determined as of the January 1, 2023 adoption date. We, therefore, continue to evaluate the effect this standard will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 3. Investments in fixed maturity securities
Investments in fixed maturity securities as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and December 31, 20202021 are summarized as followsby type below (in millions).
|
| Amortized Cost |
|
| Unrealized Gains |
|
| Unrealized Losses |
|
| Fair Value |
|
| Amortized Cost |
|
| Unrealized Gains |
|
| Unrealized Losses |
|
| Fair Value |
| ||||||||
September 30, 2021 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||
June 30, 2022 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury, U.S. government corporations and agencies |
| $ | 3,358 |
|
| $ | 30 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 3,388 |
|
| $ | 8,893 |
|
| $ | 7 |
|
| $ | (159 | ) |
| $ | 8,741 |
|
Foreign governments |
|
| 12,407 |
|
|
| 38 |
|
|
| (27 | ) |
|
| 12,418 |
|
|
| 10,935 |
|
|
| 14 |
|
|
| (122 | ) |
|
| 10,827 |
|
Corporate bonds |
|
| 1,510 |
|
|
| 431 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 1,941 |
|
|
| 993 |
|
|
| 257 |
|
|
| (3 | ) |
|
| 1,247 |
|
Other |
|
| 327 |
|
|
| 52 |
|
|
| (1 | ) |
|
| 378 |
|
|
| 293 |
|
|
| 30 |
|
|
| (2 | ) |
|
| 321 |
|
|
| $ | 17,602 |
|
| $ | 551 |
|
| $ | (28 | ) |
| $ | 18,125 |
|
| $ | 21,114 |
|
| $ | 308 |
|
| $ | (286 | ) |
| $ | 21,136 |
|
December 31, 2020 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2021 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury, U.S. government corporations and agencies |
| $ | 3,348 |
|
| $ | 55 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 3,403 |
|
| $ | 3,286 |
|
| $ | 22 |
|
| $ | (5 | ) |
| $ | 3,303 |
|
Foreign governments |
|
| 11,233 |
|
|
| 110 |
|
|
| (5 | ) |
|
| 11,338 |
|
|
| 10,998 |
|
|
| 29 |
|
|
| (33 | ) |
|
| 10,994 |
|
Corporate bonds |
|
| 4,729 |
|
|
| 464 |
|
|
| (2 | ) |
|
| 5,191 |
|
|
| 1,363 |
|
|
| 412 |
|
|
| (1 | ) |
|
| 1,774 |
|
Other |
|
| 414 |
|
|
| 66 |
|
|
| (2 | ) |
|
| 478 |
|
|
| 317 |
|
|
| 47 |
|
|
| (1 | ) |
|
| 363 |
|
|
| $ | 19,724 |
|
| $ | 695 |
|
| $ | (9 | ) |
| $ | 20,410 |
|
| $ | 15,964 |
|
| $ | 510 |
|
| $ | (40 | ) |
| $ | 16,434 |
|
Investments in foreign governments include securities issued by national and provincial government entities as well as instruments that are unconditionally guaranteed by such entities. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, approximately 90%94% of our foreign government holdings were rated AA or higher by at least one of the major rating agencies. The amortized cost and estimated fair value of fixed maturity securities as of Septemberat June 30, 20212022 are summarized below by contractual maturity dates (in millions).dates. Amounts are in millions. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities due to early call or prepayment rights held by issuers.
|
| Due in one year or less |
|
| Due after one year through five years |
|
| Due after five years through ten years |
|
| Due after ten years |
|
| Mortgage- backed securities |
|
| Total |
|
| Due in one year or less |
|
| Due after one year through five years |
|
| Due after five years through ten years |
|
| Due after ten years |
|
| Mortgage- backed securities |
|
| Total |
| ||||||||||||
Amortized cost |
| $ | 9,433 |
|
| $ | 7,225 |
|
| $ | 487 |
|
| $ | 206 |
|
| $ | 251 |
|
| $ | 17,602 |
|
| $ | 10,305 |
|
| $ | 10,057 |
|
| $ | 460 |
|
| $ | 84 |
|
| $ | 208 |
|
| $ | 21,114 |
|
Fair value |
|
| 9,436 |
|
|
| 7,283 |
|
|
| 758 |
|
|
| 350 |
|
|
| 298 |
|
|
| 18,125 |
|
|
| 10,220 |
|
|
| 9,888 |
|
|
| 702 |
|
|
| 92 |
|
|
| 234 |
|
|
| 21,136 |
|
Note 4. Investments in equity securities
Investments in equity securities as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and December 31, 20202021 are summarized as follows (in millions).
|
| Cost Basis |
|
| Net Unrealized Gains |
|
| Fair Value |
|
| Cost Basis |
|
| Net Unrealized Gains |
|
| Fair Value |
| ||||||
September 30, 2021* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||
June 30, 2022* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||
Banks, insurance and finance |
| $ | 26,809 |
|
| $ | 60,931 |
|
| $ | 87,740 |
|
| $ | 36,837 |
|
| $ | 39,655 |
|
| $ | 76,492 |
|
Consumer products |
|
| 34,973 |
|
|
| 119,421 |
|
|
| 154,394 |
|
|
| 41,785 |
|
|
| 118,294 |
|
|
| 160,079 |
|
Commercial, industrial and other |
|
| 42,406 |
|
|
| 26,199 |
|
|
| 68,605 |
|
|
| 71,100 |
|
|
| 19,991 |
|
|
| 91,091 |
|
|
| $ | 104,188 |
|
| $ | 206,551 |
|
| $ | 310,739 |
|
| $ | 149,722 |
|
| $ | 177,940 |
|
| $ | 327,662 |
|
* | Approximately |
|
| Cost Basis |
|
| Net Unrealized Gains |
|
| Fair Value |
|
| Cost Basis |
|
| Net Unrealized Gains |
|
| Fair Value |
| ||||||
December 31, 2020* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||
December 31, 2021* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||
Banks, insurance and finance |
| $ | 26,312 |
|
| $ | 40,167 |
|
| $ | 66,479 |
|
| $ | 26,822 |
|
| $ | 62,236 |
|
| $ | 89,058 |
|
Consumer products |
|
| 34,747 |
|
|
| 111,583 |
|
|
| 146,330 |
|
|
| 36,076 |
|
|
| 154,945 |
|
|
| 191,021 |
|
Commercial, industrial and other |
|
| 47,561 |
|
|
| 20,800 |
|
|
| 68,361 |
|
|
| 41,707 |
|
|
| 28,933 |
|
|
| 70,640 |
|
|
| $ | 108,620 |
|
| $ | 172,550 |
|
| $ | 281,170 |
|
| $ | 104,605 |
|
| $ | 246,114 |
|
| $ | 350,719 |
|
* | Approximately |
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 4. Investments in equity securities (Continued)
As of June 30, 2022, we owned 151.6 million shares of American Express Company (“American Express”) common stock representing 20.2% of the American Express outstanding common stock. Since 1995, we have been party to an agreement with American Express whereby we agreed to vote a significant portion of our shares in accordance with the recommendations of the American Express Board of Directors and agreed to passivity commitments to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, which collectively restrict our ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of American Express. Accordingly, we have not applied the equity method of accounting with respect to our investment in American Express and continue to record our investment at fair value.
Our equity security investments also include Occidental Petroleum Corporation (“Occidental”) Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock with an aggregate liquidation value of $10 billion and warrants to purchase up to 83.86 million shares of Occidental common stock at an exercise price of $59.62 per share. The preferred stock accrues dividends at 8% per annum and is redeemable at the option of Occidental commencing in 2029 at a redemption price equal to 105% of the liquidation preference, plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends orand is mandatorily redeemable under specified events. Dividends on the preferred stock are payable in cash or, at Occidental’s option, in shares of Occidental common stock. The warrants are exercisable in whole or in part until one year after the redemption of the preferred stock. During the first six months of 2022, we also acquired approximately 17% of the outstanding common stock of Occidental, which had a fair value of $9.3 billion as of June 30, 2022.
Note 5. Equity method investments
Berkshire and its subsidiaries hold investments in certain businesses that are accounted for pursuant to the equity method. Currently, the most significant of these is our investment in the common stock of The Kraft Heinz Company (“Kraft Heinz”). Kraft Heinz is one of the world’s largest manufacturersmanufactures and marketers ofmarkets food and beverage products, including condiments and sauces, cheese and dairy, meals, meats, refreshment beverages, coffee and other grocery products. Berkshire currently owns 325,442,15226.6% of the outstanding shares of Kraft Heinz common stock representing 26.5% of the outstanding shares.stock.
OurWe recorded equity method earnings from our investment in Kraft Heinz produced equity method earnings of $194$71 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $337$277 million in the first ninesix months of 2021. In 2020, our Kraft Heinz investment generated2022. We recorded an equity method earningsloss of $159$7 million in the thirdsecond quarter and lossesearnings of $180$143 million in the first nine months. Our earnings in the first ninesix months of 2020 included charges of approximately $850 million for our proportionate share of the goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges recorded by Kraft Heinz.2021. We received dividends on the common stock of $391$260 million in each of the first ninesix months of 2021both 2022 and 2020,2021, which were recorded as reductions to the carrying value of our investment.
Shares of Kraft Heinz common stock are publicly-tradedpublicly traded and the fair value of our investment was approximately $12.0$12.4 billion at SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and $11.3$11.7 billion at December 31, 2020.2021. The carrying value of our investment was approximately $13.3$13.0 billion at SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and $13.1 billion at December 31, 2020.2021. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, the carrying value of our investment exceeded the fair value based on the quoted market price by approximately 10%.5% of the carrying value. We evaluated our investment in Kraft Heinz for impairment.impairment as of June 30, 2022. Based on the prevailing facts and circumstances, we concluded recognition of an impairment loss in earnings was not required as of September 30, 2021.required.
Summarized consolidated financial information of Kraft Heinz follows (in millions).
| September 25, 2021 |
|
| December 26, 2020 |
| June 25, 2022 |
|
| December 25, 2021 |
| ||||
Assets | $ | 94,897 |
|
| $ | 99,830 |
| $ | 91,676 |
|
| $ | 93,394 |
|
Liabilities |
| 44,659 |
|
|
| 49,587 |
|
| 42,674 |
|
|
| 43,942 |
|
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
|
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||
Sales | $ | 6,324 |
|
| $ | 6,441 |
|
| $ | 19,333 |
|
| $ | 19,246 |
|
| $ | 6,554 |
|
| $ | 6,615 |
|
| $ | 12,599 |
|
| $ | 13,009 |
|
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Kraft Heinz common shareholders |
| 733 |
|
|
| 597 |
|
|
| 1,269 |
|
|
| (676 | ) | * |
| 265 |
|
|
| (27 | ) |
|
| 1,041 |
|
|
| 536 |
|
|
|
Other investments that we account for pursuant to the equity method include Berkadia Commercial Mortgage LLC (“Berkadia”), Pilot Travel Centers LLC (“Pilot”) and, Electric Transmission Texas, LLC (“ETT”) and Iroquois Gas Transmission System L.P. (“Iroquois”). The aggregate carrying value of these investments was approximately $3.4$4.5 billion as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and $4.0$4.3 billion as of December 31, 2020. Our2021. We recorded equity method earnings from these entities in the first ninesix months were $438of $330 million in 2022 and $255 million in 2021. We received aggregate distributions in the first six months of $137 million in 2022 and $982 million in 2021, and $513 million in 2020. During the first nine months of 2021, we received distributions of $1.0 billion from these other investees, including a non-recurringspecial distribution received from Pilot of $849 million in the first quarter.quarter of 2021. Additional information concerning these investments follows.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 5. Equity method investments (Continued)
We own a 50% interest in Berkadia, with Jefferies Financial Group Inc. (“Jefferies”) owning the other 50% interest. Berkadia provides capital solutions, investmentsinvestment sales advisory and mortgage servicing for multifamily and commercial real estate. A source of funding for Berkadia’s operations is through commercial paper, which was $1.47 billion at SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and is limited to $1.5 billion. Berkadia’s commercial paper is supported by a surety policy issued by a Berkshire insurance subsidiary. Jefferies is obligated to indemnify us for one-half of any losses incurred under the policy.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 5. Equity method investments (Continued)
A Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company subsidiary owns a(“BHE”) subsidiaries own 50% interestnoncontrolling interests in ETT, an owner and operator of electric transmission assets in the Electric Reliability Council of Texas, footprint. American Electric Powerand Iroquois, which owns the other 50% interest. and operates a natural gas pipeline located in New York and Connecticut.
We own a 38.6% interest in Pilot, headquartered in Knoxville, Tennessee. Pilot is the largest operator ofoperates travel centers in North America through more than 1,000800 retail locations across 44 U.S. states and 6 Canadian provinces and through wholesale distribution.is a leading supplier of fuel to third parties. The Haslam family currently owns a 50.1% interest in Pilot and a third party owns the remaining 11.3% interest. We also entered intohave an agreement to acquire an additional 41.4% interest in Pilot in 2023, with the Haslam family retaining a 20% interest. As a result, Berkshire will become the majority owner of Pilot in 2023.
Note 6. Investment and derivative contract gains/losses
Investment and derivative contract gains/losses in the thirdsecond quarter and first ninesix months of 20212022 and 20202021 are summarized as follows (in millions).
|
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
|
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||
Investment gains (losses): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity securities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change in unrealized investment gains (losses) during the period on securities held at the end of the period |
| $ | 4,759 |
|
| $ | 30,837 |
|
| $ | 36,163 |
|
| $ | 16,458 |
|
| $ | (66,860 | ) |
| $ | 27,014 |
|
| $ | (68,548 | ) |
| $ | 31,548 |
|
Investment gains (losses) on securities sold during the period |
|
| 75 |
|
|
| 1,330 |
|
|
| 889 |
|
|
| (13,901 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Investment gains on securities sold during the period |
|
| 32 |
|
|
| 144 |
|
|
| 34 |
|
|
| 670 |
| ||||||||||||||||
|
|
| 4,834 |
|
|
| 32,167 |
|
|
| 37,052 |
|
|
| 2,557 |
|
|
| (66,828 | ) |
|
| 27,158 |
|
|
| (68,514 | ) |
|
| 32,218 |
|
Fixed maturity securities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross realized gains |
|
| 24 |
|
|
| 12 |
|
|
| 59 |
|
|
| 53 |
|
|
| 6 |
|
|
| 15 |
|
|
| 12 |
|
|
| 35 |
|
Gross realized losses |
|
| (7 | ) |
|
| (2 | ) |
|
| (20 | ) |
|
| (22 | ) |
|
| (27 | ) |
|
| (12 | ) |
|
| (76 | ) |
|
| (13 | ) |
Other |
|
| — |
|
|
| (552 | ) |
|
| 144 |
|
|
| (556 | ) |
|
| (5 | ) |
|
| 12 |
|
|
| (11 | ) |
|
| 144 |
|
Investment gains (losses) |
|
| 4,851 |
|
|
| 31,625 |
|
|
| 37,235 |
|
|
| 2,032 |
|
|
| (66,854 | ) |
|
| 27,173 |
|
|
| (68,589 | ) |
|
| 32,384 |
|
Derivative contract gains (losses) |
|
| 70 |
|
|
| (43 | ) |
|
| 780 |
|
|
| (640 | ) |
|
| (65 | ) |
|
| 221 |
|
|
| (308 | ) |
|
| 710 |
|
|
| $ | 4,921 |
|
| $ | 31,582 |
|
| $ | 38,015 |
|
| $ | 1,392 |
|
| $ | (66,919 | ) |
| $ | 27,394 |
|
| $ | (68,897 | ) |
| $ | 33,094 |
|
Equity securities gains and losses include unrealized gains and losses from changes in fair values during the period on equity securities we still own, as well as gains and losses on securities we sold during the period. As reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, we received proceeds from sales of equity securities of approximately $12.0 billion in the first ninesix months of 20212022 and $28.6$8.6 billion in the first ninesix months of 2020.2021. In the preceding table, investment gains and losses on equity securities sold during the period represent the difference between the sales proceeds and the fair value of the equity securities sold at the beginning of the applicable period or, if later, the purchase date. Our taxableTaxable gains/losses on equity securities sold are generally the difference between the proceeds from sales and original cost. TaxableEquity securities sold produced taxable gains in the third quarter and first nine months of 2021 were $941 million and $2.9 billion, respectively, and were $3.9 billion and $666$76 million in the thirdsecond quarter of 2022 and taxable losses of $663 million in the first six months of 2022 compared to taxable gains of $228 million in the second quarter and $2.0 billion in the first ninesix months of 2020, respectively.2021.
TheOur derivative contract gains and losses derive from equity index put option contracts written prior to March 2008 on four major equity indexes. Information related to theseAs of June 30, 2022, we had six open contracts, follows (dollars in millions).
|
| September 30, 2021 |
|
| December 31, 2020 |
| ||
Balance sheet liabilities - at fair value |
| $ | 286 |
|
| $ | 1,065 |
|
Notional value |
|
| 8,251 |
|
|
| 10,991 |
|
Intrinsic value |
|
| 83 |
|
|
| 727 |
|
Weighted average remaining life (in years) |
|
| 0.6 |
|
|
| 1.2 |
|
Notionalwhich had an aggregate fair value in the preceding table represents theliability of $186 million and an aggregate undiscounted amounts payable assuming thenotional value of each index is zero at each contract’s expiration date. Intrinsic value is the undiscounted liability assuming the contracts are settled based on the index values and foreign currency exchange rates as of the balance sheet date. Substantially all open contracts as of September 30, 2021 will expire by February 2023. Future payments, if any, under any given contract will be required if the index value is below the contract strike price at the contract expiration date. We received aggregate premiums on the contract inception dates of $1.5 billion with respect to unexpired contracts as of September 30, 2021 and we have no counterparty credit risk.$2.5 billion.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 7. Loans and finance receivables
Loans and finance receivables are summarized as follows (in millions).
| September 30, 2021 |
|
| December 31, 2020 |
| June 30, 2022 |
|
| December 31, 2021 |
| ||||
Loans and finance receivables before allowances and discounts | $ | 21,685 |
|
| $ | 20,436 |
| $ | 23,238 |
|
| $ | 22,065 |
|
Allowances for uncollectible loans |
| (744 | ) |
|
| (712 | ) | |||||||
Allowances for credit losses |
| (803 | ) |
|
| (765 | ) | |||||||
Unamortized acquisition discounts and points |
| (544 | ) |
|
| (523 | ) |
| (558 | ) |
|
| (549 | ) |
| $ | 20,397 |
|
| $ | 19,201 |
| $ | 21,877 |
|
| $ | 20,751 |
|
Loans and finance receivables are principally manufactured home loans, and to a lesser extent, commercialsite-built home loans and site-built homecommercial loans. Reconciliations of the allowance for credit losses on loans and finance receivables for each of the first ninesix months of 20212022 and 20202021 follow (in millions).
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||
Balance at beginning of year | $ | 712 |
|
| $ | 167 |
| $ | 765 |
|
| $ | 712 |
|
Adoption of ASC 326 |
| — |
|
|
| 486 |
| |||||||
Provision for credit losses |
| 65 |
|
|
| 177 |
|
| 50 |
|
|
| 49 |
|
Charge-offs, net of recoveries |
| (33 | ) |
|
| (99 | ) |
| (12 | ) |
|
| (22 | ) |
Balance at September 30 | $ | 744 |
|
| $ | 731 |
| |||||||
Balance at June 30 | $ | 803 |
|
| $ | 739 |
|
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, approximately 99% of manufactured and site-built home loan balancesloans were evaluated collectively for impairment. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, we considered approximately 97% of the loan balancesthese loans to be current as to payment status. A summary of performing and non-performing home loans before discounts and allowances by year of loan origination as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 follows (in millions).
| Origination Year |
|
|
|
|
| Origination Year |
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| 2017 |
|
| Prior |
|
| Total |
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2019 |
|
| 2018 |
|
| Prior |
|
| Total |
| ||||||||||||||
Performing | $ | 3,794 |
|
| $ | 3,264 |
|
| $ | 2,308 |
|
| $ | 1,748 |
|
| $ | 1,300 |
|
| $ | 7,126 |
|
| $ | 19,540 |
| $ | 3,322 |
|
| $ | 3,807 |
|
| $ | 2,972 |
|
| $ | 2,098 |
|
| $ | 1,588 |
|
| $ | 7,480 |
|
| $ | 21,267 |
|
Non-performing |
| 2 |
|
|
| 3 |
|
|
| 6 |
|
|
| 6 |
|
|
| 5 |
|
|
| 40 |
|
|
| 62 |
|
| 1 |
|
|
| 4 |
|
|
| 7 |
|
|
| 7 |
|
|
| 6 |
|
|
| 43 |
|
|
| 68 |
|
| $ | 3,796 |
|
| $ | 3,267 |
|
| $ | 2,314 |
|
| $ | 1,754 |
|
| $ | 1,305 |
|
| $ | 7,166 |
|
| $ | 19,602 |
| $ | 3,323 |
|
| $ | 3,811 |
|
| $ | 2,979 |
|
| $ | 2,105 |
|
| $ | 1,594 |
|
| $ | 7,523 |
|
| $ | 21,335 |
|
We are also party to two commercial loan agreements with an agreementaggregate carrying value of $1.9 billion at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The larger of these loans is with Seritage Growth Properties (“Seritage”), which had a carrying value of $1.44 billion as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The Seritage loan is pursuant to provide a $2.0 billion term loan facility which expires on July 31, 2023. Theand the outstanding loan under the facility was approximately $1.6 billion at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, and is secured by mortgages on its real estate properties. InThe Seritage loan agreement, as amended, allows optional loan prepayments without penalty and further provides Seritage with the first quarteroption to extend the maturity of 2020, we provided athe loan to Lee Enterprises, Inc. in connection with its acquisitionJuly 31, 2025, if the outstanding principal has been reduced to $800 million by the original expiration date of our newspaper operations and the repayment of its then outstanding credit facilities. The loan balance was $483 million as of September 30, 2021 and $524 million at DecemberJuly 31, 2020. We are the sole lender to each2023. Each of these entities and each of thesecommercial loans is current as to payment status.
Note 8. Other receivables
Other receivables are comprised of the following (in millions).
| September 30, 2021 |
|
| December 31, 2020 |
| June 30, 2022 |
|
| December 31, 2021 |
| ||||
Insurance and other: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance premiums receivable | $ | 16,151 |
|
| $ | 14,025 |
| $ | 17,391 |
|
| $ | 15,050 |
|
Reinsurance recoverables |
| 4,892 |
|
|
| 4,805 |
|
| 4,836 |
|
|
| 4,900 |
|
Trade receivables |
| 13,579 |
|
|
| 11,521 |
|
| 14,511 |
|
|
| 12,971 |
|
Other |
| 3,344 |
|
|
| 2,637 |
|
| 3,648 |
|
|
| 3,146 |
|
Allowances for uncollectible accounts |
| (689 | ) |
|
| (678 | ) | |||||||
Allowances for credit losses |
| (708 | ) |
|
| (679 | ) | |||||||
| $ | 37,277 |
|
| $ | 32,310 |
| $ | 39,678 |
|
| $ | 35,388 |
|
Railroad, utilities and energy: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade receivables | $ | 3,780 |
|
| $ | 3,235 |
| $ | 4,167 |
|
| $ | 3,678 |
|
Other |
| 720 |
|
|
| 438 |
|
| 789 |
|
|
| 650 |
|
Allowances for uncollectible accounts |
| (176 | ) |
|
| (131 | ) | |||||||
Allowances for credit losses |
| (141 | ) |
|
| (151 | ) | |||||||
| $ | 4,324 |
|
| $ | 3,542 |
| $ | 4,815 |
|
| $ | 4,177 |
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 8. Other receivables (Continued)
Provisions for credit losses in the first ninesix months with respect to receivables summarized above were $335$211 million in 20212022 and $449$209 million in 2020.2021. Charge-offs, net of recoveries, in the first ninesix months were $279$189 million in 20212022 and $238$171 million in 2020.2021.
Note 9. Inventories
Inventories are comprised of the following (in millions).
| September 30, 2021 |
|
| December 31, 2020 |
| June 30, 2022 |
|
| December 31, 2021 |
| ||||
Raw materials | $ | 5,389 |
|
| $ | 4,821 |
| $ | 6,558 |
|
| $ | 5,743 |
|
Work in process and other |
| 3,290 |
|
|
| 2,541 |
|
| 3,750 |
|
|
| 3,192 |
|
Finished manufactured goods |
| 4,446 |
|
|
| 4,412 |
|
| 5,396 |
|
|
| 4,530 |
|
Goods acquired for resale |
| 7,066 |
|
|
| 7,434 |
|
| 8,856 |
|
|
| 7,489 |
|
| $ | 20,191 |
|
| $ | 19,208 |
| $ | 24,560 |
|
| $ | 20,954 |
|
Note 10. Property, plant and equipment
A summary of property, plant and equipment of our insurance and other businesses follows (in millions).
|
| September 30, 2021 |
|
| December 31, 2020 |
|
| June 30, 2022 |
|
| December 31, 2021 |
| ||||
Land, buildings and improvements |
| $ | 13,846 |
|
| $ | 13,799 |
|
| $ | 14,055 |
|
| $ | 14,070 |
|
Machinery and equipment |
|
| 25,849 |
|
|
| 25,488 |
|
|
| 26,082 |
|
|
| 26,063 |
|
Furniture, fixtures and other |
|
| 4,670 |
|
|
| 4,530 |
|
|
| 4,872 |
|
|
| 4,640 |
|
|
|
| 44,365 |
|
|
| 43,817 |
|
|
| 45,009 |
|
|
| 44,773 |
|
Accumulated depreciation |
|
| (23,643 | ) |
|
| (22,617 | ) |
|
| (24,492 | ) |
|
| (23,939 | ) |
|
| $ | 20,722 |
|
| $ | 21,200 |
|
| $ | 20,517 |
|
| $ | 20,834 |
|
A summary of property, plant and equipment of railroad and utilities and energy businesses follows (in millions). The utility generation, transmission and distribution systems and interstate natural gas pipeline assets are owned by regulated public utility and natural gas pipeline subsidiaries.
|
| September 30, 2021 |
|
| December 31, 2020 |
|
| June 30, 2022 |
|
| December 31, 2021 |
| ||||
Railroad: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Land, track structure and other roadway |
| $ | 65,167 |
|
| $ | 63,824 |
|
| $ | 65,821 |
|
| $ | 65,843 |
|
Locomotives, freight cars and other equipment |
|
| 13,784 |
|
|
| 13,523 |
|
|
| 15,957 |
|
|
| 13,822 |
|
Construction in progress |
|
| 1,030 |
|
|
| 916 |
|
|
| 1,186 |
|
|
| 1,027 |
|
|
|
| 79,981 |
|
|
| 78,263 |
|
|
| 82,964 |
|
|
| 80,692 |
|
Accumulated depreciation |
|
| (14,641 | ) |
|
| (13,175 | ) |
|
| (16,988 | ) |
|
| (14,978 | ) |
|
|
| 65,340 |
|
|
| 65,088 |
|
|
| 65,976 |
|
|
| 65,714 |
|
Utilities and energy: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Utility generation, transmission and distribution systems |
|
| 89,026 |
|
|
| 86,730 |
|
|
| 90,810 |
|
|
| 90,223 |
|
Interstate natural gas pipeline assets |
|
| 17,044 |
|
|
| 16,667 |
|
|
| 17,547 |
|
|
| 17,423 |
|
Independent power plants and other assets |
|
| 13,009 |
|
|
| 12,671 |
|
|
| 14,488 |
|
|
| 13,695 |
|
Construction in progress |
|
| 4,343 |
|
|
| 3,308 |
|
|
| 4,774 |
|
|
| 4,196 |
|
|
|
| 123,422 |
|
|
| 119,376 |
|
|
| 127,619 |
|
|
| 125,537 |
|
Accumulated depreciation |
|
| (35,361 | ) |
|
| (33,248 | ) |
|
| (36,824 | ) |
|
| (35,721 | ) |
|
|
| 88,061 |
|
|
| 86,128 |
|
|
| 90,795 |
|
|
| 89,816 |
|
|
| $ | 153,401 |
|
| $ | 151,216 |
|
| $ | 156,771 |
|
| $ | 155,530 |
|
Depreciation expense for the first ninesix months of 20212022 and 20202021 is summarized below (in millions).
|
| First Nine Months |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||
Insurance and other |
| $ | 1,725 |
| �� | $ | 1,725 |
|
| $ | 1,127 |
|
| $ | 1,148 |
|
Railroad, utilities and energy |
|
| 4,485 |
|
|
| 4,105 |
|
|
| 3,091 |
|
|
| 2,990 |
|
|
| $ | 6,210 |
|
| $ | 5,830 |
|
| $ | 4,218 |
|
| $ | 4,138 |
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 11. Equipment held for lease
Equipment held for lease includes railcars, aircraft, over-the-road trailers, intermodal tank containers, cranes, storage units and furniture. A summary of equipmentEquipment held for lease followsis summarized below (in millions).
| September 30, 2021 |
|
| December 31, 2020 |
| June 30, 2022 |
|
| December 31, 2021 |
| ||||
Railcars | $ | 9,482 |
|
| $ | 9,402 |
| $ | 9,558 |
|
| $ | 9,448 |
|
Aircraft |
| 8,852 |
|
|
| 8,204 |
|
| 9,798 |
|
|
| 9,234 |
|
Other |
| 5,031 |
|
|
| 4,868 |
|
| 5,116 |
|
|
| 5,053 |
|
|
| 23,365 |
|
|
| 22,474 |
|
| 24,472 |
|
|
| 23,735 |
|
Accumulated depreciation |
| (8,613 | ) |
|
| (7,873 | ) |
| (9,347 | ) |
|
| (8,817 | ) |
| $ | 14,752 |
|
| $ | 14,601 |
| $ | 15,125 |
|
| $ | 14,918 |
|
Depreciation expense for equipment held for lease in the first ninesix months was $861$593 million in 20212022 and $900$570 million in 2020.2021. Fixed and variable operating lease revenues for the thirdsecond quarter and first ninesix months of 20212022 and 20202021 are summarized below (in millions).
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||
Fixed lease revenue | $ | 1,151 |
|
| $ | 1,047 |
|
| $ | 3,318 |
|
| $ | 3,205 |
| $ | 1,264 |
|
| $ | 1,105 |
|
| $ | 2,452 |
|
| $ | 2,167 |
|
Variable lease revenue |
| 414 |
|
|
| 269 |
|
|
| 1,018 |
|
|
| 700 |
|
| 623 |
|
|
| 342 |
|
|
| 1,107 | �� |
|
| 604 |
|
| $ | 1,565 |
|
| $ | 1,316 |
|
| $ | 4,336 |
|
| $ | 3,905 |
| $ | 1,887 |
|
| $ | 1,447 |
|
| $ | 3,559 |
|
| $ | 2,771 |
|
Note 12. Goodwill and other intangible assets
Reconciliations of the changes in the carrying value of goodwill for the first ninesix months of 20212022 and for the year ended December 31, 20202021 follow (in millions).
|
| September 30, 2021 |
|
| December 31, 2020 |
|
| June 30, 2022 |
|
| December 31, 2021 |
| ||||
Balance at beginning of year |
| $ | 73,734 |
|
| $ | 81,882 |
|
| $ | 73,875 |
|
| $ | 73,734 |
|
Acquisitions of businesses |
|
| 182 |
|
|
| 1,758 |
| ||||||||
Impairment charges |
|
| — |
|
|
| (10,033 | ) | ||||||||
Business acquisitions |
|
| 35 |
|
|
| 353 |
| ||||||||
Other, including foreign currency translation |
|
| (146 | ) |
|
| 127 |
|
|
| (292 | ) |
|
| (212 | ) |
Balance at end of period* |
| $ | 73,770 |
|
| $ | 73,734 |
|
| $ | 73,618 |
|
| $ | 73,875 |
|
* | Net of accumulated goodwill impairments of $11.0 billion as of |
Other intangible assetsThe gross carrying amounts and related accumulated amortization of other intangible assets are summarized as follows (in millions).
|
| September 30, 2021 |
|
| December 31, 2020 |
|
| June 30, 2022 |
|
| December 31, 2021 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
| Gross carrying amount |
|
| Accumulated amortization |
|
| Gross carrying amount |
|
| Accumulated amortization |
|
| Gross carrying amount |
|
| Accumulated amortization |
|
| Net carrying value |
|
| Gross carrying amount |
|
| Accumulated amortization |
|
| Net carrying value |
| ||||||||||
Insurance and other: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Customer relationships |
| $ | 27,331 |
|
| $ | 6,281 |
|
| $ | 27,374 |
|
| $ | 5,756 |
|
| $ | 27,308 |
|
| $ | 6,763 |
|
| $ | 20,545 |
|
| $ | 27,335 |
|
| $ | 6,450 |
|
| $ | 20,885 |
|
Trademarks and trade names |
|
| 5,178 |
|
|
| 797 |
|
|
| 5,206 |
|
|
| 779 |
|
|
| 5,174 |
|
|
| 811 |
|
|
| 4,363 |
|
|
| 5,176 |
|
|
| 802 |
|
|
| 4,374 |
|
Patents and technology |
|
| 4,763 |
|
|
| 3,442 |
|
|
| 4,766 |
|
|
| 3,313 |
|
|
| 4,846 |
|
|
| 3,598 |
|
|
| 1,248 |
|
|
| 4,763 |
|
|
| 3,484 |
|
|
| 1,279 |
|
Other |
|
| 3,317 |
|
|
| 1,426 |
|
|
| 3,339 |
|
|
| 1,375 |
|
|
| 3,304 |
|
|
| 1,468 |
|
|
| 1,836 |
|
|
| 3,390 |
|
|
| 1,442 |
|
|
| 1,948 |
|
|
| $ | 40,589 |
|
| $ | 11,946 |
|
| $ | 40,685 |
|
| $ | 11,223 |
|
| $ | 40,632 |
|
| $ | 12,640 |
|
| $ | 27,992 |
|
| $ | 40,664 |
|
| $ | 12,178 |
|
| $ | 28,486 |
|
Railroad, utilities and energy: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Customer relationships |
| $ | 678 |
|
| $ | 388 |
|
| $ | 678 |
|
| $ | 361 |
|
| $ | 678 |
|
| $ | 412 |
|
| $ | 266 |
|
| $ | 678 |
|
| $ | 396 |
|
| $ | 282 |
|
Trademarks, trade names and other |
|
| 1,005 |
|
|
| 133 |
|
|
| 1,003 |
|
|
| 98 |
|
|
| 1,014 |
|
|
| 168 |
|
|
| 846 |
|
|
| 1,015 |
|
|
| 146 |
|
|
| 869 |
|
|
| $ | 1,683 |
|
| $ | 521 |
|
| $ | 1,681 |
|
| $ | 459 |
|
| $ | 1,692 |
|
| $ | 580 |
|
| $ | 1,112 |
|
| $ | 1,693 |
|
| $ | 542 |
|
| $ | 1,151 |
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 12. Goodwill and other intangible assets (Continued)
Intangible asset amortization expense in the first ninesix months was $942$602 million in 20212022 and $962$637 million in 2020.2021. Intangible assets with indefinite lives were $18.3$18.4 billion as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and $18.5 billion as of December 31, 20202021 and primarily related to certain customer relationships and trademarks and trade names.
During 2020, we concluded it was necessary to reevaluate goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets of certain of our reporting units for impairment due to the disruptions arising from the COVID-19 pandemic. We recorded pre-tax goodwill impairment charges of approximately $10 billion and pre-tax indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment charges of $638 million in the second quarter of 2020. Approximately $10 billion of these charges related to Precision Castparts Corp. (“PCC”), the largest business within Berkshire's manufacturing segment. The carrying value of PCC-related goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets prior to the impairment charges was approximately $31 billion.
Note 13. Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses
Our liabilities for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses (also referred to as “claim liabilities”) under property and casualty insurance and reinsurance contracts are based upon estimates of the ultimate claim costs associated with claim occurrences as of the balance sheet date and include estimates for incurred-but-not-reported (“IBNR”) claims. A reconciliation of the changes in claim liabilities, excluding liabilities under retroactive reinsurance contracts (see Note 14), for each of the nine-monthsix-month periods ending SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and 20202021 follows (in millions).
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||
Balances at beginning of year: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross liabilities | $ | 79,854 |
|
| $ | 73,019 |
| $ | 86,664 |
|
| $ | 79,854 |
|
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses |
| (2,912 | ) |
|
| (2,855 | ) |
| (2,960 | ) |
|
| (2,912 | ) |
Net liabilities |
| 76,942 |
|
|
| 70,164 |
|
| 83,704 |
|
|
| 76,942 |
|
Incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current accident year events |
| 38,447 |
|
|
| 31,777 |
| |||||||
Prior accident years’ events |
| (2,151 | ) |
|
| 69 |
| |||||||
Current accident year |
| 27,427 |
|
|
| 23,651 |
| |||||||
Prior accident years |
| (887 | ) |
|
| (1,064 | ) | |||||||
Total |
| 36,296 |
|
|
| 31,846 |
|
| 26,540 |
|
|
| 22,587 |
|
Paid losses and loss adjustment expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current accident year events |
| (15,277 | ) |
|
| (11,691 | ) | |||||||
Prior accident years’ events |
| (15,076 | ) |
|
| (15,259 | ) | |||||||
Current accident year |
| (10,085 | ) |
|
| (8,406 | ) | |||||||
Prior accident years |
| (13,820 | ) |
|
| (11,169 | ) | |||||||
Total |
| (30,353 | ) |
|
| (26,950 | ) |
| (23,905 | ) |
|
| (19,575 | ) |
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
| (119 | ) |
|
| 124 |
| |||||||
Balances at September 30: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Foreign currency effect |
| (568 | ) |
|
| 31 |
| |||||||
Balances at June 30: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Net liabilities |
| 82,766 |
|
|
| 75,184 |
|
| 85,771 |
|
|
| 79,985 |
|
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses |
| 2,988 |
|
|
| 2,857 |
|
| 2,789 |
|
|
| 2,973 |
|
Gross liabilities | $ | 85,754 |
|
| $ | 78,041 |
| $ | 88,560 |
|
| $ | 82,958 |
|
Incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses shown in the preceding table were recorded in earnings and related to insured events occurring in the current year (“current accident year”) and events occurring in all prior years (“prior accident years”). Current accident year incurredIncurred and paid losses in 2021 included approximately $2.7 billion from significant catastrophe events (losses in excessand loss adjustment expenses are net of $100 million per event) inreinsurance recoveries. In the U.S. and Europe, including approximately $2.2 billion in the third quarter, primarily from Hurricane Ida and floods in Europe.
Wefirst six months, we recorded a net reductionreductions of estimated ultimate liabilities for prior accident years of $2.2$887 million in 2022 and $1.1 billion in the first nine months of 2021, compared to a net increase of $69 million in 2020, which produced a corresponding decrease in 2021 and an increase in 2020reductions in incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses.expenses in those periods. These amounts represented 2.8% in 2021 and 0.1% in 2020reductions, as percentages of the net liabilities at the beginning of each year.year, were 1.1% in 2022 and 1.4% in 2021.
Estimated ultimate liabilities for prior years’ loss events with respect toaccident years from primary insurance were reduced $1.6 billion in the first ninesix months of 2021 compared to $273were reduced by $313 million in 2020.2022 and $1.1 billion in 2021. The reductionreductions in 2021each period derived primarily from private passenger automobile, claims, and to a lesser extent medical professional liability and workers’ compensation claims and in 2022 were partly offset by increases in ultimate liabilities for other casualty claims. Estimated ultimate liabilities for prior years’ loss events relatedyears attributable to property and casualty reinsurance assumed in the first ninesix months decreased $564$574 million in 20212022 and increased $342$35 million in 2020, which included increased provisions for legacy casualty exposures.2021.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 14. Retroactive reinsurance contracts
Retroactive reinsurance policies provide indemnification of losses and loss adjustment expenses of short-duration insurance contracts with respect to underlying loss events that occurred prior to the contract inception date. Claims payments may commence immediately after the contract date or, when applicable, onceafter a contractual retention amount has been reached. Reconciliations of the changes in estimated liabilities for retroactive reinsurance unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses (“claim liabilities”) and related deferred charges reinsurance assumed for each of the nine-monthsix-month periods ending SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and 20202021 follow (in millions).
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
| Deferred charges reinsurance assumed |
|
| Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
| Deferred charges reinsurance assumed |
| Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
| Deferred charges - retroactive reinsurance |
|
| Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
| Deferred charges - retroactive reinsurance |
| ||||||||
Balances at beginning of year | $ | 40,966 |
|
| $ | (12,441 | ) |
| $ | 42,441 |
|
| $ | (13,747 | ) | $ | 38,256 |
|
| $ | (10,639 | ) |
| $ | 40,966 |
|
| $ | (12,441 | ) |
Incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current year contracts |
| 82 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 82 |
|
|
| — |
|
Prior years’ contracts |
| (9 | ) |
|
| 709 |
|
|
| 131 |
|
|
| 735 |
|
| (14 | ) |
|
| 426 |
|
|
| (3 | ) |
|
| 473 |
|
Total |
| 73 |
|
|
| 709 |
|
|
| 131 |
|
|
| 735 |
|
| (14 | ) |
|
| 426 |
|
|
| 79 |
|
|
| 473 |
|
Paid losses and loss adjustment expenses |
| (1,318 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (786 | ) |
|
| — |
|
| (1,008 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (808 | ) |
|
| — |
|
Balances at September 30 | $ | 39,721 |
|
| $ | (11,732 | ) |
| $ | 41,786 |
|
| $ | (13,012 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Balances at June 30 | $ | 37,234 |
|
| $ | (10,213 | ) |
| $ | 40,237 |
|
| $ | (11,968 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses, net of deferred charges | $ | 782 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 866 |
|
|
|
|
| $ | 412 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 552 |
|
|
|
|
|
In the preceding table, classifications of incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses are based on the inception dates of the contracts, which reflect when our exposure to losses begins.began. Incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses in the first six months for prior years’ contracts were $700$412 million in 2022 and $470 million in 2021 and $866 million in 2020, which consisted ofincluded recurring amortization of deferred charges and the effectseffect of changes in the expected timing and amount of expected future loss payments. Berkshire’sCurrently, our largest retroactive reinsurance contract is between our subsidiary, National Indemnity Company, (“NICO”), is party to a contract withand certain subsidiaries of American International Group, Inc. (collectively, “AIG”), in which NICO’s ultimate liability is contractually limited to $20 billion. Claim payments to AIG commenced in 2021.. Our estimated unpaid claim liabilities with regard to the AIG contract were approximately $16.8$15.2 billion at SeptemberJune 30, 2021, reflecting paid claims of $837 million during the first nine months of 2021,2022 and $17.7$15.8 billion at December 31, 2020.2021. Deferred charges related to the AIG contract were approximately $5.0$4.24 billion at SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and $5.4$4.45 billion at December 31, 2020.2021.
Note 15. Notes payable and other borrowings
Notes payable and other borrowings are summarized below (in millions). The weighted average interest rates and maturity date ranges shown in the following tables are based on borrowings as of SeptemberJune 30, 2021.2022.
|
| Weighted Average Interest Rate |
|
| September 30, 2021 |
|
| December 31, 2020 |
|
| Weighted Average Interest Rate |
|
| June 30, 2022 |
|
| December 31, 2021 |
| |||||||
Insurance and other: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Berkshire Hathaway Inc. (“Berkshire”): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
U.S. Dollar denominated due 2022-2047 |
|
| 3.3 | % |
| $ | 6,817 |
|
| $ | 8,308 |
| |||||||||||||
U.S. Dollar denominated due 2023-2047 |
|
| 3.3 | % |
| $ | 6,225 |
|
| $ | 6,820 |
| |||||||||||||
Euro denominated due 2023-2041 |
|
| 1.0 | % |
|
| 7,934 |
|
|
| 8,326 |
|
|
| 1.0 | % |
|
| 7,189 |
|
|
| 7,792 |
| |
Japanese Yen denominated due 2023-2060 |
|
| 0.6 | % |
|
| 7,028 |
|
|
| 6,031 |
|
|
| 0.6 | % |
|
| 6,706 |
|
|
| 6,797 |
| |
Berkshire Hathaway Finance Corporation (“BHFC”): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
U.S. Dollar denominated due 2022-2051 |
|
| 3.6 | % |
|
| 10,757 |
|
|
| 10,766 |
| |||||||||||||
U.S. Dollar denominated due 2027-2052 |
|
| 3.6 | % |
|
| 14,455 |
|
|
| 10,758 |
| |||||||||||||
Great Britain Pound denominated due 2039-2059 |
|
| 2.5 | % |
|
| 2,315 |
|
|
| 2,347 |
|
|
| 2.5 | % |
|
| 2,093 |
|
|
| 2,325 |
| |
Other subsidiary borrowings due 2021-2045 |
|
| 4.1 | % |
|
| 4,497 |
|
|
| 4,682 |
| |||||||||||||
Euro denominated due 2030-2034 |
|
| 1.8 | % |
|
| 1,304 |
|
|
| — |
| |||||||||||||
Other subsidiary borrowings due 2022-2045 |
|
| 4.1 | % |
|
| 4,375 |
|
|
| 4,438 |
| |||||||||||||
Subsidiary short-term borrowings |
|
| 2.8 | % |
|
| 297 |
|
|
| 1,062 |
|
|
| 3.7 | % |
|
| 293 |
|
|
| 342 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 39,645 |
|
| $ | 41,522 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 42,640 |
|
| $ | 39,272 |
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 15. Notes payable and other borrowings (Continued)
In the first nine months of 2021,January 2022, Berkshire repaid €550$600 million and $1.5 billion of maturing senior notes. In January 2021, Berkshirenotes and issued €600 million of 0.5% senior notes due in 2041. In April 2021, Berkshire issued ¥160¥128.5 billion (approximately $1.5$1.1 billion) of senior notes with maturity dates ranging from 20262027 to 20412052 and a weighted average interest rate of 0.5%.
Borrowings of BHFC, a wholly owned finance subsidiary of Berkshire, consist of senior unsecured notes used to fund manufactured housing loans originated or acquired and equipment held for lease of certain subsidiaries. BHFC borrowings are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Berkshire. In January 2021,March 2022, BHFC issued $4.5 billion of senior notes with maturity dates ranging from 2027 to 2052 with a weighted average interest rate of 3.4% and €1.25 billion (approximately $1.4 billion) of senior notes maturing in 2030 and 2034 with a weighted average interest rate of 1.8%. In May 2022, BHFC repaid $750$775 million of maturing senior notes and issued $750 million of 2.5% senior notes due in 2051.notes.
The carrying values of Berkshire and BHFC non-U.S. Dollar denominated senior notes (€6.98.15 billion, £1.75 billion and ¥785.5¥914 billion par at SeptemberJune 30, 2021)2022) reflect the applicable exchange rates as of theeach balance sheet dates.date. The effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates during the period are recorded in earnings as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses. Changes in the exchange rates resulted in pre-tax gains of $264$1.4 billion in the second quarter and $2.1 billion in the first six months of 2022 as compared to pre-tax losses of $45 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $939pre-tax gains of $675 million in the first ninesix months of 2021. In 2020, exchange rate changes produced pre-tax losses of $549 million in the third quarter and $447 million in the first nine months.
In addition to BHFC borrowings, Berkshire guaranteed approximately $3.9 billionalso guarantees debt of other subsidiary borrowingssubsidiaries, aggregating approximately $3.8 billion at SeptemberJune 30, 2021.2022. Generally, Berkshire’s guarantee of a subsidiary’s debt obligation is an absolute, unconditional and irrevocable guarantee for the full and prompt payment when due of all payment obligations.
|
| Weighted Average Interest Rate |
|
| September 30, 2021 |
|
| December 31, 2020 |
|
| Weighted Average Interest Rate |
|
| June 30, 2022 |
|
| December 31, 2021 |
| |||||||
Railroad, utilities and energy: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company (“BHE”) and subsidiaries: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
BHE senior unsecured debt due 2023-2051 |
|
| 4.3 | % |
| $ | 13,001 |
|
| $ | 13,447 |
| |||||||||||||
Subsidiary and other debt due 2021-2064 |
|
| 4.1 | % |
|
| 37,096 |
|
|
| 36,420 |
| |||||||||||||
BHE senior unsecured debt due 2023-2053 |
|
| 4.3 | % |
| $ | 13,992 |
|
| $ | 13,003 |
| |||||||||||||
Subsidiary and other debt due 2022-2064 |
|
| 4.1 | % |
|
| 37,125 |
|
|
| 36,759 |
| |||||||||||||
Short-term borrowings |
|
| 1.6 | % |
|
| 1,968 |
|
|
| 2,286 |
|
|
| 2.8 | % |
|
| 1,948 |
|
|
| 2,009 |
| |
Burlington Northern Santa Fe ("BNSF") and subsidiaries due 2021-2097 |
|
| 4.5 | % |
|
| 23,255 |
|
|
| 23,220 |
| |||||||||||||
Burlington Northern Santa Fe ("BNSF") and subsidiaries due 2022-2097 |
|
| 4.5 | % |
|
| 23,376 |
|
|
| 23,219 |
| |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 75,320 |
|
| $ | 75,373 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 76,441 |
|
| $ | 74,990 |
|
BHE subsidiary debt represents amounts issued pursuant to separate financing agreements. Substantially all of the assets of certain BHE subsidiaries are, or may be, pledged or encumbered to support or otherwise secure such debt. These borrowing arrangements generally contain various covenants, which pertain to leverage ratios, interest coverage ratios and/or debt service coverage ratios. In April 2022, BHE issued $1.0 billion of 4.6% senior notes due in 2053. During the first ninesix months of 2021,2022, BHE and its subsidiaries repaid $1.7 billion of term debt and issued $2.1approximately $1.3 billion of term debt with a weighted average interest rate of 3.0%3.5% and maturitiesmaturity dates ranging from 20512024 to 2052.
BNSF’s borrowings are primarily senior unsecured debentures. In June 2022, BNSF issued $1.0 billion of 4.45% debentures due in 2053. During the first ninesix months of 2021,2022, BNSF repaid $888$800 million of debt and issued $925 million of 3.3% term debt due in 2051.debt. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, BNSF, BHE and their subsidiaries were in compliance with all applicable debt covenants. Berkshire does not guarantee any debt, borrowings or lines of credit of BNSF, BHE or their subsidiaries.
As of September 30, 2021, ourOur subsidiaries hadhave unused lines of credit and commercial paper capacity aggregating approximately $10.5 billion to support short-term borrowing programs and provide additional liquidity. Such unusedUnused lines of credit were approximately $10.3 billion at June 30, 2022, which included approximately $8.8 billion related to BHE and its subsidiaries.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 16. Fair value measurements
Our financial assets and liabilities are summarized below as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and December 31, 2020,2021, with fair values shown according to the fair value hierarchy (in millions). The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, U.S. Treasury Bills, other receivables and accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities are considered to be reasonable estimates of their fair values.
|
| Carrying Value |
|
| Fair Value |
|
| Quoted Prices (Level 1) |
|
| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |
|
| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
|
| Carrying Value |
|
| Fair Value |
|
| Quoted Prices (Level 1) |
|
| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |
|
| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
| ||||||||||
September 30, 2021 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||
June 30, 2022 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Investments in fixed maturity securities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Treasury, U.S. government corporations and agencies |
| $ | 3,388 |
|
| $ | 3,388 |
|
| $ | 3,345 |
|
| $ | 43 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 8,741 |
|
| $ | 8,741 |
|
| $ | 8,704 |
|
| $ | 37 |
|
| $ | — |
|
Foreign governments |
|
| 12,418 |
|
|
| 12,418 |
|
|
| 11,074 |
|
|
| 1,344 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 10,827 |
|
|
| 10,827 |
|
|
| 10,367 |
|
|
| 460 |
|
|
| — |
|
Corporate bonds |
|
| 1,941 |
|
|
| 1,941 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 1,941 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 1,247 |
|
|
| 1,247 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 1,247 |
|
|
| — |
|
Other |
|
| 378 |
|
|
| 378 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 378 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 321 |
|
|
| 321 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 321 |
|
|
| — |
|
Investments in equity securities |
|
| 310,739 |
|
|
| 310,739 |
|
|
| 298,633 |
|
|
| 8 |
|
|
| 12,098 |
|
|
| 327,662 |
|
|
| 327,662 |
|
|
| 315,715 |
|
|
| 7 |
|
|
| 11,940 |
|
Investment in Kraft Heinz common stock |
|
| 13,290 |
|
|
| 11,983 |
|
|
| 11,983 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 12,959 |
|
|
| 12,412 |
|
|
| 12,412 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
Loans and finance receivables |
|
| 20,397 |
|
|
| 21,743 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 2,391 |
|
|
| 19,352 |
|
|
| 21,877 |
|
|
| 22,827 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 2,048 |
|
|
| 20,779 |
|
Derivative contract assets (1) |
|
| 540 |
|
|
| 540 |
|
|
| 15 |
|
|
| 407 |
|
|
| 118 |
|
|
| 669 |
|
|
| 669 |
|
|
| 27 |
|
|
| 541 |
|
|
| 101 |
|
Derivative contract liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Railroad, utilities and energy (1) |
|
| 130 |
|
|
| 130 |
|
|
| 3 |
|
|
| 69 |
|
|
| 58 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Equity index put options |
|
| 286 |
|
|
| 286 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 286 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative contract liabilities (1) |
|
| 617 |
|
|
| 617 |
|
|
| 14 |
|
|
| 345 |
|
|
| 258 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Notes payable and other borrowings: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance and other |
|
| 39,645 |
|
|
| 42,851 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 42,810 |
|
|
| 41 |
|
|
| 42,640 |
|
|
| 39,474 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 39,430 |
|
|
| 44 |
|
Railroad, utilities and energy |
|
| 75,320 |
|
|
| 87,965 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 87,965 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 76,441 |
|
|
| 73,513 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 73,513 |
|
|
| — |
|
December 31, 2020 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2021 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Investments in fixed maturity securities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Treasury, U.S. government corporations and agencies |
| $ | 3,403 |
|
| $ | 3,403 |
|
| $ | 3,358 |
|
| $ | 45 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 3,303 |
|
| $ | 3,303 |
|
| $ | 3,261 |
|
| $ | 42 |
|
| $ | — |
|
Foreign governments |
|
| 11,338 |
|
|
| 11,338 |
|
|
| 9,259 |
|
|
| 2,079 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 10,994 |
|
|
| 10,994 |
|
|
| 10,286 |
|
|
| 708 |
|
|
| — |
|
Corporate bonds |
|
| 5,191 |
|
|
| 5,191 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 5,191 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 1,774 |
|
|
| 1,774 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 1,774 |
|
|
| — |
|
Other |
|
| 478 |
|
|
| 478 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 478 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 363 |
|
|
| 363 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 363 |
|
|
| — |
|
Investments in equity securities |
|
| 281,170 |
|
|
| 281,170 |
|
|
| 271,848 |
|
|
| 38 |
|
|
| 9,284 |
|
|
| 350,719 |
|
|
| 350,719 |
|
|
| 339,225 |
|
|
| 8 |
|
|
| 11,486 |
|
Investment in Kraft Heinz common stock |
|
| 13,336 |
|
|
| 11,280 |
|
|
| 11,280 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 13,112 |
|
|
| 11,683 |
|
|
| 11,683 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
Loans and finance receivables |
|
| 19,201 |
|
|
| 20,554 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 2,692 |
|
|
| 17,862 |
|
|
| 20,751 |
|
|
| 22,174 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 2,178 |
|
|
| 19,996 |
|
Derivative contract assets (1) |
|
| 270 |
|
|
| 270 |
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
| 72 |
|
|
| 197 |
|
|
| 329 |
|
|
| 329 |
|
|
| 6 |
|
|
| 230 |
|
|
| 93 |
|
Derivative contract liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Railroad, utilities and energy (1) |
|
| 121 |
|
|
| 121 |
|
|
| 6 |
|
|
| 96 |
|
|
| 19 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Equity index put options |
|
| 1,065 |
|
|
| 1,065 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 1,065 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative contract liabilities (1) |
|
| 376 |
|
|
| 376 |
|
|
| 2 |
|
|
| 150 |
|
|
| 224 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Notes payable and other borrowings: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance and other |
|
| 41,522 |
|
|
| 46,676 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 46,665 |
|
|
| 11 |
|
|
| 39,272 |
|
|
| 42,339 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 42,292 |
|
|
| 47 |
|
Railroad, utilities and energy |
|
| 75,373 |
|
|
| 92,593 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 92,593 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 74,990 |
|
|
| 87,065 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 87,065 |
|
|
| — |
|
(1) | Assets are included in other assets and liabilities are included in accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities. |
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 16. Fair value measurements (Continued)
The fair values of substantially all of our financial instruments were measured using market or income approaches. The hierarchy for measuring fair value consists of Levels 1 through 3, which are described below.
Level 1 – Inputs represent unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities exchanged in active markets.
Level 2 – Inputs include directly or indirectly observable inputs (other than Level 1 inputs) such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities exchanged in active or inactive markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities exchanged in inactive markets; other inputs that may be considered in fair value determinations of the assets or liabilities, such as interest rates and yield curves, volatilities, prepayment speeds, loss severities, credit risks and default rates; and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means. Pricing evaluations generally reflect discounted expected future cash flows, which incorporate yield curves for instruments with similar characteristics, such as credit ratings, estimated durations and yields for other instruments of the issuer or entities in the same industry sector.
Level 3 – Inputs include unobservable inputs used in the measurement of assets and liabilities. Management is required to use its own assumptions regarding unobservable inputs because there is little, if any, market activity in the assets or liabilities and it may be unable to corroborate the related observable inputs. Unobservable inputs require management to make certain projections and assumptions about the information that would be used by market participants in valuing assets or liabilities.
Reconciliations of significant assets and liabilities measured and carried at fair value on a recurring basis with the use of significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and 20202021 follow (in millions).
|
| Balance at beginning of year |
|
| Gains (losses) included in earnings |
|
| Acquisitions, dispositions and settlements |
|
| Balance at September 30 |
|
| Balance at beginning of year |
|
| Gains included in earnings |
|
| Acquisitions, dispositions and settlements |
|
| Transfers out of Level 3 |
|
| Balance at June 30 |
| |||||||||
Investments in equity securities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022 |
| $ | 11,480 |
|
| $ | 455 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 11,935 |
| ||||||||||||||||
2021 |
| $ | 8,978 |
|
| $ | 1,713 |
|
| $ | 1,100 |
|
| $ | 11,791 |
|
|
| 8,978 |
|
|
| 1,559 |
|
|
| 1,100 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 11,637 |
|
2020 |
|
| 10,405 |
|
|
| (2,235 | ) |
|
| (1 | ) |
|
| 8,169 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity index put option contract liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021 |
|
| (1,065 | ) |
|
| 780 |
|
|
| (1 | ) |
|
| (286 | ) |
|
| (1,065 | ) |
|
| 710 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| (355 | ) |
2020 |
|
| (968 | ) |
|
| (640 | ) |
|
| 61 |
|
|
| (1,547 | ) |
Quantitative information as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 with respect to significant assets and liabilities measured and carried at fair value on a recurring basis with the use of significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) follows (dollars in millions).
|
| Fair Value |
|
| Principal Valuation Techniques |
| Unobservable Inputs |
| Weighted Average |
|
| Fair Value |
|
| Principal Valuation Techniques |
| Unobservable Inputs |
| Weighted Average |
| ||||
Investments in equity securities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred stock |
| $ | 11,179 |
|
| Discounted cash flow |
| Expected duration |
| 7 years |
|
| $ | 10,051 |
|
| Discounted cash flow |
| Expected duration |
| 7 years |
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Discount for transferability restrictions and subordination |
| 355 basis points |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Discount for transferability restrictions and subordination |
| 372 bps |
| ||
Common stock warrants |
|
| 612 |
|
| Warrant pricing model |
| Expected duration |
| 8 years |
|
|
| 1,884 |
|
| Warrant pricing model |
| Expected duration |
| 7 years |
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Volatility |
| 37% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Volatility |
| 38% |
| ||
Equity index put option contract liabilities |
|
| 286 |
|
| Option pricing model |
| Volatility |
| 18% |
|
Investments in equity securities in the preceding table include our investments in certain preferred stocks and common stock warrants that do not have readily determinable market values as defined under GAAP. These investments are subject to contractual restrictions on transferability and may contain provisions that prevent us from economically hedging our investments. We applied discounted cash flow techniques in valuing the preferred stock and we made assumptions regarding the expected duration of the investment and the effects of subordination in liquidation. In valuing the common stock warrants, we used a warrant valuation model. While most of the inputs to the model are observable, we made assumptions regarding the expected duration and volatility of the warrants.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 16. Fair value measurements (Continued)
Our equity index put option derivative contracts are illiquid and contain contract terms that are not standard in derivatives markets. For example, we are not required to post collateral under most of our contracts. We determine the fair value of the equity index put option contract liabilities based on the Black-Scholes option valuation model.
Note 17. Common stock
Changes in Berkshire’s issued, treasury and outstanding common stock during the first ninesix months of 20212022 are shown in the table below. In addition to our common stock, 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock are authorized, but NaN are issued.
| Class A, $5 Par Value (1,650,000 shares authorized) |
|
| Class B, $0.0033 Par Value (3,225,000,000 shares authorized) |
| ||||||||||||||||||
| Issued |
|
| Treasury |
|
| Outstanding |
|
| Issued |
|
| Treasury |
|
| Outstanding |
| ||||||
Balances at December 31, 2020 |
| 678,523 |
|
|
| (34,592 | ) |
|
| 643,931 |
|
|
| 1,469,359,852 |
|
|
| (119,316,381 | ) |
|
| 1,350,043,471 |
|
Conversions of Class A to Class B common stock |
| (11,849 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (11,849 | ) |
|
| 17,773,500 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 17,773,500 |
|
Treasury stock acquired |
| — |
|
|
| (11,285 | ) |
|
| (11,285 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (59,366,771 | ) |
|
| (59,366,771 | ) |
Balances at September 30, 2021 |
| 666,674 |
|
|
| (45,877 | ) |
|
| 620,797 |
|
|
| 1,487,133,352 |
|
|
| (178,683,152 | ) |
|
| 1,308,450,200 |
|
| Class A, $5 Par Value (1,650,000 shares authorized) |
|
| Class B, $0.0033 Par Value (3,225,000,000 shares authorized) |
| ||||||||||||||||||
| Issued |
|
| Treasury |
|
| Outstanding |
|
| Issued |
|
| Treasury |
|
| Outstanding |
| ||||||
Balances at December 31, 2021 |
| 665,901 |
|
|
| (48,788 | ) |
|
| 617,113 |
|
|
| 1,488,292,852 |
|
|
| (197,818,349 | ) |
|
| 1,290,474,503 |
|
Conversions of Class A common stock to Class B common stock |
| (11,544 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (11,544 | ) |
|
| 17,316,000 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 17,316,000 |
|
Treasury stock acquired |
| — |
|
|
| (4,402 | ) |
|
| (4,402 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (6,850,133 | ) |
|
| (6,850,133 | ) |
Balances at June 30, 2022 |
| 654,357 |
|
|
| (53,190 | ) |
|
| 601,167 |
|
|
| 1,505,608,852 |
|
|
| (204,668,482 | ) |
|
| 1,300,940,370 |
|
Each Class A common share is entitled to 1 vote per share. Class B common stock possesses dividend and distribution rights equal to one-fifteen-hundredth (1/1,500) of such rights of Class A common stock. Each Class B common share possesses voting rights equal to one-ten-thousandth (1/10,000) of the voting rights of a Class A share. Unless otherwise required under Delaware General Corporation Law, Class A and Class B common shares vote as a single class. Each share of Class A common stock is convertible, at the option of the holder, into 1,500 shares of Class B common stock. Class B common stock is not convertible into Class A common stock. On an equivalent Class A common stock basis, there were 1,493,0971,468,461 shares outstanding as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and 1,543,9601,477,429 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2020.2021.
Since we have two classes of common stock, we provide earnings per share data on the Consolidated Statements of Earnings for average equivalent Class A shares outstanding and average equivalent Class B shares outstanding. Class B shares are economically equivalent to one-fifteen-hundredth (1/1,500) of a Class A share. Average equivalent Class A shares outstanding represents average Class A shares outstanding plus one-fifteen-hundredth (1/1,500) of the average Class B shares outstanding. Average equivalent Class B shares outstanding represents average Class B shares outstanding plus 1,500 times the average Class A shares outstanding.
Berkshire’s common stock repurchase program permits Berkshire to repurchase its Class A and Class B shares any time that Warren Buffett, Berkshire’s Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, and Charlie Munger, Vice Chairman of the Board, believe that the repurchase price is below Berkshire’s intrinsic value, conservatively determined. The program continues to allow share repurchases in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions and does not specify a maximum number of shares to be repurchased. However, repurchases will not be made if they would reduce the total value of Berkshire’s consolidated cash, cash equivalents and U.S. Treasury Bills holdings below $30 billion. The repurchase program does not obligate Berkshire to repurchase any specific dollar amount or number of Class A or Class B shares and there is no expiration date to the program.
Note 18. Income taxes
Our consolidated effective income tax rates were 14.7% for21.8% in the thirdsecond quarter and 18.8% for22.4% in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 19.8% for20.4% in the thirdsecond quarter and 30.8% for19.9% in the first ninesix months of 2020.2021. Our effective income tax rate normally reflects recurring benefits from dividends-received deductions applicable to investments in certain equity securities and production tax credits related to wind-powered electricity generation placed in service in the U.S. Our periodic effective income tax rate will also vary due to the changes in mix of pre-tax earnings, the magnitude ofincluding investment gains or losses with respect to our investments in equity securities, the amount of non-deductible goodwill impairment charges and other expenses and the underlying income tax rates applicable in the various taxing jurisdictions.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 19. Accumulated other comprehensive income
A summary of the net changes in after-tax accumulated other comprehensive income attributable to Berkshire Hathaway shareholders for the ninesix months ending SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and 20202021 follows (in millions).
|
| Unrealized appreciation of investments, net |
|
| Foreign currency translation |
|
| Defined benefit pension plans |
|
| Other |
|
| Accumulated other comprehensive income |
|
| Unrealized appreciation of fixed maturity securities, net |
|
| Foreign currency translation |
|
| Defined benefit pension plans |
|
| Other |
|
| Accumulated other comprehensive income |
| ||||||||||
First nine months of 2021 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||
First six months of 2022 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at beginning of year |
| $ | 536 |
|
| $ | (3,082 | ) |
| $ | (1,645 | ) |
| $ | (52 | ) |
| $ | (4,243 | ) |
| $ | 369 |
|
| $ | (4,092 | ) |
| $ | (347 | ) |
| $ | 43 |
|
| $ | (4,027 | ) |
Other comprehensive income, net |
|
| (126 | ) |
|
| (619 | ) |
|
| 112 |
|
|
| 42 |
|
|
| (591 | ) |
|
| (352 | ) |
|
| (1,971 | ) |
|
| 27 |
|
|
| 148 |
|
|
| (2,148 | ) |
Balance at end of period |
| $ | 410 |
|
| $ | (3,701 | ) |
| $ | (1,533 | ) |
| $ | (10 | ) |
| $ | (4,834 | ) |
| $ | 17 |
|
| $ | (6,063 | ) |
| $ | (320 | ) |
| $ | 191 |
|
| $ | (6,175 | ) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First nine months of 2020 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||
First six months of 2021 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at beginning of year |
| $ | 481 |
|
| $ | (4,346 | ) |
| $ | (1,369 | ) |
| $ | (9 | ) |
| $ | (5,243 | ) |
| $ | 536 |
|
| $ | (3,082 | ) |
| $ | (1,645 | ) |
| $ | (52 | ) |
| $ | (4,243 | ) |
Other comprehensive income, net |
|
| 29 |
|
|
| (28 | ) |
|
| 67 |
|
|
| (15 | ) |
|
| 53 |
|
|
| (58 | ) |
|
| (1 | ) |
|
| 73 |
|
|
| 10 |
|
|
| 24 |
|
Balance at end of period |
| $ | 510 |
|
| $ | (4,374 | ) |
| $ | (1,302 | ) |
| $ | (24 | ) |
| $ | (5,190 | ) |
| $ | 478 |
|
| $ | (3,083 | ) |
| $ | (1,572 | ) |
| $ | (42 | ) |
| $ | (4,219 | ) |
Note 20. Supplemental cash flow information
A summary of supplemental cash flow information is presented in the following table (in millions).
|
| First Nine Months |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||
Cash paid during the period for: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income taxes |
| $ | 4,002 |
|
| $ | 2,715 |
|
| $ | 1,951 |
|
| $ | 2,508 |
|
Interest: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance and other |
|
| 1,040 |
|
|
| 892 |
|
|
| 567 |
|
|
| 699 |
|
Railroad, utilities and energy |
|
| 2,335 |
|
|
| 2,174 |
|
|
| 1,564 |
|
|
| 1,580 |
|
Note 21. Contingencies and commitments
We are parties in a variety of legal actions that routinely arise out of the normal course of business, including legal actions seeking to establish liability directly through insurance contracts or indirectly through reinsurance contracts issued by Berkshire subsidiaries. Plaintiffs occasionally seek punitive or exemplary damages. We do not believe that such normal and routine litigation will have a material effect on our financial condition or results of operations. Berkshire and certain of its subsidiaries are also involved in other kinds of legal actions, some of which assert or may assert claims or seek to impose fines and penalties. We believe that any liability that may arise as a result of other pending legal actions will not have a material effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.
On November 1, 2020, Berkshire Hathaway Energyand Alleghany Corporation (“BHE”Alleghany”) entered into a definitive agreement and plan of merger dated as of March 20, 2022, whereby Berkshire will acquire all of Alleghany’s outstanding common stock for cash of approximately $11.6 billion. The Alleghany shareholders voted to approve and adopt the agreement and plan of merger on June 9, 2022. The acquisition of Alleghany is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2022 and is subject to the receipt of various regulatory approvals and customary closing conditions. Alleghany owns property and casualty reinsurance and insurance businesses as well as a diverse portfolio of non-financial businesses.
In June 2022, BHE acquired the BHE common stock held by Greg Abel, Berkshire’s Vice Chairman - non-insurance operations, for $870 million. The purchase was pursuant to the terms of a large portionshareholders agreement between Berkshire, BHE and BHE’s non-controlling shareholders. Berkshire recorded a charge of $362 million to capital in excess of par value for the excess of the natural gas transmission and storage business of Dominion Energy, Inc. (“Dominion”) for approximately $2.5 billion. The acquisition included a partial ownership of a liquefied natural gas export, import and storage facility (“Cove Point”), consisting of 100% ofconsideration paid over the general partnership interest and 25% of the limited partnership interests. We treat Cove Point as a consolidated subsidiary because we have the power to direct the activities that most significantly affect its economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive benefits which could be significant to Cove Point. The faircarrying value of the assets acquired was $13.4 billion, including residual goodwill of $1.7 billion, and the fair value of the liabilities assumed was $7.0 billion, including the assumption of approximately $5.6 billion of debt. We also recorded noncontrolling interests of $3.9 billion attributable to limited partnership interests in Cove Point that are held by third parties. In addition, BHE previously agreed to acquire certain other of Dominion’s pipeline business for approximately $1.3 billion. Effective July 9, 2021, BHE and Dominion agreed to terminate this planned transaction due to ongoing uncertainty in obtaining the necessary regulatory approvals.interest.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 22. Revenues from contracts with customers
We recognize revenue when a good or service is transferred to a customer. A good or service is transferred when or as the customer obtains control of that good or service. Revenues are based on the consideration we expect to receive in connection with our promises to deliver goods and services to our customers.
The following tables summarize customer contract revenues disaggregated by reportable segment and the source of the revenue for the thirdsecond quarter and first ninesix months of 20212022 and 20202021 (in millions). Other revenues included in consolidated revenues were primarily insurance premiums earned, interest, dividend and other investment income and leasing revenues, which are not considered to be revenues from contracts with customers under GAAP.GAAP, are primarily insurance premiums earned, interest, dividend and other investment income and leasing revenues.
|
| Manufacturing |
|
| McLane Company |
|
| Service and Retailing |
|
| BNSF |
|
| Berkshire Hathaway Energy |
|
| Insurance, Corporate and Other |
|
| Total |
|
| Manufacturing |
|
| McLane |
|
| Service and Retailing |
|
| BNSF |
|
| Berkshire Hathaway Energy |
|
| Insurance, Corporate and other |
|
| Total |
| ||||||||||||||
Three months ending September 30, 2021 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Three months ending June 30, 2022 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manufactured products: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Industrial and commercial products |
| $ | 5,600 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 43 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 5,643 |
|
| $ | 6,142 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 48 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 6,190 |
|
Building products |
|
| 5,005 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 5,005 |
|
|
| 5,970 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 5,970 |
|
Consumer products |
|
| 4,758 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,758 |
|
|
| 5,509 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 5,509 |
|
Grocery and convenience store distribution |
|
| — |
|
|
| 7,933 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 7,933 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 7,979 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 7,979 |
|
Food and beverage distribution |
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,478 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,478 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 5,002 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 5,002 |
|
Auto sales |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 2,423 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 2,423 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 2,675 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 2,675 |
|
Other retail and wholesale distribution |
|
| 742 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 3,913 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,655 |
|
|
| 818 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,265 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 5,083 |
|
Service |
|
| 400 |
|
|
| 175 |
|
|
| 1,073 |
|
|
| 5,747 |
|
|
| 1,586 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 8,981 |
|
|
| 302 |
|
|
| 248 |
|
|
| 1,078 |
|
|
| 6,596 |
|
|
| 1,561 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 9,785 |
|
Electricity and natural gas |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 5,138 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 5,138 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,740 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,740 |
|
Total |
|
| 16,505 |
|
|
| 12,586 |
|
|
| 7,452 |
|
|
| 5,747 |
|
|
| 6,724 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 49,014 |
|
|
| 18,741 |
|
|
| 13,229 |
|
|
| 8,066 |
|
|
| 6,596 |
|
|
| 6,301 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 52,933 |
|
Other revenues |
|
| 951 |
|
|
| 26 |
|
|
| 1,202 |
|
|
| 14 |
|
|
| 289 |
|
|
| 19,087 |
|
|
| 21,569 |
|
|
| 995 |
|
|
| 33 |
|
|
| 1,527 |
|
|
| 16 |
|
|
| 212 |
|
|
| 20,464 |
|
|
| 23,247 |
|
|
| $ | 17,456 |
|
| $ | 12,612 |
|
| $ | 8,654 |
|
| $ | 5,761 |
|
| $ | 7,013 |
|
| $ | 19,087 |
|
| $ | 70,583 |
|
| $ | 19,736 |
|
| $ | 13,262 |
|
| $ | 9,593 |
|
| $ | 6,612 |
|
| $ | 6,513 |
|
| $ | 20,464 |
|
| $ | 76,180 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months ending September 30, 2021 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Six months ending June 30, 2022 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manufactured products: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Industrial and commercial products |
| $ | 16,549 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 142 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 16,691 |
|
| $ | 12,074 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 97 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 12,171 |
|
Building products |
|
| 14,518 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 14,518 |
|
|
| 11,389 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 11,389 |
|
Consumer products |
|
| 13,525 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 13,525 |
|
|
| 10,602 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 10,602 |
|
Grocery and convenience store distribution |
|
| — |
|
|
| 23,104 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 23,104 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 15,685 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 15,685 |
|
Food and beverage distribution |
|
| — |
|
|
| 12,838 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 12,838 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 9,564 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 9,564 |
|
Auto sales |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 7,485 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 7,485 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 5,202 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 5,202 |
|
Other retail and wholesale distribution |
|
| 2,199 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 11,577 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 13,776 |
|
|
| 1,540 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 8,440 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 9,980 |
|
Service |
|
| 1,099 |
|
|
| 509 |
|
|
| 3,060 |
|
|
| 16,875 |
|
|
| 4,219 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 25,762 |
|
|
| 566 |
|
|
| 462 |
|
|
| 2,084 |
|
|
| 12,527 |
|
|
| 2,673 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 18,312 |
|
Electricity and natural gas |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 14,048 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 14,048 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 9,454 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 9,454 |
|
Total |
|
| 47,890 |
|
|
| 36,451 |
|
|
| 22,264 |
|
|
| 16,875 |
|
|
| 18,267 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 141,747 |
|
|
| 36,171 |
|
|
| 25,711 |
|
|
| 15,823 |
|
|
| 12,527 |
|
|
| 12,127 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 102,359 |
|
Other revenues |
|
| 2,821 |
|
|
| 78 |
|
|
| 3,287 |
|
|
| 42 |
|
|
| 755 |
|
|
| 55,566 |
|
|
| 62,549 |
|
|
| 1,950 |
|
|
| 65 |
|
|
| 2,861 |
|
|
| 29 |
|
|
| 364 |
|
|
| 39,362 |
|
|
| 44,631 |
|
|
| $ | 50,711 |
|
| $ | 36,529 |
|
| $ | 25,551 |
|
| $ | 16,917 |
|
| $ | 19,022 |
|
| $ | 55,566 |
|
| $ | 204,296 |
|
| $ | 38,121 |
|
| $ | 25,776 |
|
| $ | 18,684 |
|
| $ | 12,556 |
|
| $ | 12,491 |
|
| $ | 39,362 |
|
| $ | 146,990 |
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 22. Revenues from contracts with customers (Continued)
|
| Manufacturing |
|
| McLane Company |
|
| Service and Retailing |
|
| BNSF |
|
| Berkshire Hathaway Energy |
|
| Insurance, Corporate and Other |
|
| Total |
|
| Manufacturing |
|
| McLane |
|
| Service and Retailing |
|
| BNSF |
|
| Berkshire Hathaway Energy |
|
| Insurance, Corporate and other |
|
| Total |
| ||||||||||||||
Three months ending September 30, 2020 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Three months ending June 30, 2021 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manufactured products: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Industrial and commercial products |
| $ | 4,889 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 54 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 4,943 |
|
| $ | 5,586 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 49 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 5,635 |
|
Building products |
|
| 4,322 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,322 |
|
|
| 5,114 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 5,114 |
|
Consumer products |
|
| 4,036 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,036 |
|
|
| 4,604 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,604 |
|
Grocery and convenience store distribution |
|
| — |
|
|
| 7,905 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 7,905 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 7,729 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 7,729 |
|
Food and beverage distribution |
|
| — |
|
|
| 3,968 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 3,968 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,356 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,356 |
|
Auto sales |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 2,195 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 2,195 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 2,750 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 2,750 |
|
Other retail and wholesale distribution |
|
| 599 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 3,182 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 3,781 |
|
|
| 754 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,008 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,762 |
|
Service |
|
| 370 |
|
|
| 144 |
|
|
| 865 |
|
|
| 5,135 |
|
|
| 1,474 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 7,988 |
|
|
| 370 |
|
|
| 183 |
|
|
| 1,053 |
|
|
| 5,763 |
|
|
| 1,593 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 8,962 |
|
Electricity and natural gas |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,356 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,356 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,198 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,198 |
|
Total |
|
| 14,216 |
|
|
| 12,017 |
|
|
| 6,296 |
|
|
| 5,135 |
|
|
| 5,830 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 43,494 |
|
|
| 16,428 |
|
|
| 12,268 |
|
|
| 7,860 |
|
|
| 5,763 |
|
|
| 5,791 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 48,110 |
|
Other revenues |
|
| 929 |
|
|
| 23 |
|
|
| 966 |
|
|
| 14 |
|
|
| 396 |
|
|
| 17,202 |
|
|
| 19,530 |
|
|
| 947 |
|
|
| 27 |
|
|
| 1,094 |
|
|
| 15 |
|
|
| 294 |
|
|
| 18,627 |
|
|
| 21,004 |
|
|
| $ | 15,145 |
|
| $ | 12,040 |
|
| $ | 7,262 |
|
| $ | 5,149 |
|
| $ | 6,226 |
|
| $ | 17,202 |
|
| $ | 63,024 |
|
| $ | 17,375 |
|
| $ | 12,295 |
|
| $ | 8,954 |
|
| $ | 5,778 |
|
| $ | 6,085 |
|
| $ | 18,627 |
|
| $ | 69,114 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months ending September 30, 2020 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Six months ending June 30, 2021 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manufactured products: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Industrial and commercial products |
| $ | 15,639 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 143 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 15,782 |
|
| $ | 10,949 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 99 |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 11,048 |
|
Building products |
|
| 11,682 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 11,682 |
|
|
| 9,513 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 9,513 |
|
Consumer products |
|
| 10,373 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 10,373 |
|
|
| 8,767 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 8,767 |
|
Grocery and convenience store distribution |
|
| — |
|
|
| 23,051 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 23,051 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 15,171 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 15,171 |
|
Food and beverage distribution |
|
| — |
|
|
| 11,561 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 11,561 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 8,360 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 8,360 |
|
Auto sales |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 5,999 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 5,999 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 5,062 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 5,062 |
|
Other retail and wholesale distribution |
|
| 1,691 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 8,735 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 10,426 |
|
|
| 1,457 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 7,664 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 9,121 |
|
Service |
|
| 1,105 |
|
|
| 398 |
|
|
| 2,460 |
|
|
| 15,059 |
|
|
| 3,238 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 22,260 |
|
|
| 699 |
|
|
| 334 |
|
|
| 1,987 |
|
|
| 11,128 |
|
|
| 2,633 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 16,781 |
|
Electricity and natural gas |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 11,190 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 11,190 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 8,910 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 8,910 |
|
Total |
|
| 40,490 |
|
|
| 35,010 |
|
|
| 17,337 |
|
|
| 15,059 |
|
|
| 14,428 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 122,324 |
|
|
| 31,385 |
|
|
| 23,865 |
|
|
| 14,812 |
|
|
| 11,128 |
|
|
| 11,543 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 92,733 |
|
Other revenues |
|
| 2,686 |
|
|
| 69 |
|
|
| 2,884 |
|
|
| 42 |
|
|
| 964 |
|
|
| 52,160 |
|
|
| 58,805 |
|
|
| 1,870 |
|
|
| 52 |
|
|
| 2,085 |
|
|
| 28 |
|
|
| 466 |
|
|
| 36,479 |
|
|
| 40,980 |
|
|
| $ | 43,176 |
|
| $ | 35,079 |
|
| $ | 20,221 |
|
| $ | 15,101 |
|
| $ | 15,392 |
|
| $ | 52,160 |
|
| $ | 181,129 |
|
| $ | 33,255 |
|
| $ | 23,917 |
|
| $ | 16,897 |
|
| $ | 11,156 |
|
| $ | 12,009 |
|
| $ | 36,479 |
|
| $ | 133,713 |
|
A summary of the transaction price allocated to the significant unsatisfied remaining performance obligations relating to contracts with expected durations in excess of one year as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and the timing of when the performance obligations are expected to be satisfied follows (in millions).
|
| Less than 12 months |
|
| Greater than 12 months |
|
| Total |
|
| Less than 12 months |
|
| Greater than 12 months |
|
| Total |
| ||||||
Electricity and natural gas |
| $ | 2,761 |
|
| $ | 21,377 |
|
| $ | 24,138 |
|
| $ | 4,019 |
|
| $ | 22,226 |
|
| $ | 26,245 |
|
Other sales and service contracts |
|
| 1,402 |
|
|
| 2,203 |
|
|
| 3,605 |
|
|
| 1,642 |
|
|
| 2,789 |
|
|
| 4,431 |
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 23. Business segment data
Our operating businesses include a large and diverse group of insurance, manufacturing, service and retailing businesses. We organize our reportable business segments in a manner that reflects how management views those business activities. Certain businesses are grouped together for segment reporting based upon similar products or product lines and marketing, selling and distribution characteristics, even though those business units are operated under separate local management. Revenues and earnings before income taxes by segment for the thirdsecond quarter and first ninesix months of 20212022 and 20202021 were as follows (in millions).
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||
Revenues of Operating Businesses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GEICO | $ | 9,604 |
|
| $ | 8,540 |
|
| $ | 28,073 |
|
| $ | 26,689 |
| $ | 9,807 |
|
| $ | 9,546 |
|
| $ | 19,361 |
|
| $ | 18,469 |
|
Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group |
| 2,964 |
|
|
| 2,490 |
|
|
| 8,373 |
|
|
| 7,103 |
|
| 3,313 |
|
|
| 2,755 |
|
|
| 6,431 |
|
|
| 5,409 |
|
Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group |
| 5,159 |
|
|
| 4,883 |
|
|
| 14,868 |
|
|
| 13,464 |
|
| 4,967 |
|
|
| 4,862 |
|
|
| 9,787 |
|
|
| 9,709 |
|
Investment income |
| 1,339 |
|
|
| 1,223 |
|
|
| 4,212 |
|
|
| 4,486 |
|
| 2,284 |
|
|
| 1,459 |
|
|
| 3,648 |
|
|
| 2,873 |
|
Total insurance |
| 19,066 |
|
|
| 17,136 |
|
|
| 55,526 |
|
|
| 51,742 |
|
| 20,371 |
|
|
| 18,622 |
|
|
| 39,227 |
|
|
| 36,460 |
|
BNSF |
| 5,790 |
|
|
| 5,176 |
|
|
| 17,000 |
|
|
| 15,195 |
|
| 6,640 |
|
|
| 5,809 |
|
|
| 12,608 |
|
|
| 11,210 |
|
Berkshire Hathaway Energy |
| 7,013 |
|
|
| 6,226 |
|
|
| 19,022 |
|
|
| 15,392 |
| |||||||||||||||
BHE |
| 6,518 |
|
|
| 6,085 |
|
|
| 12,501 |
|
|
| 12,009 |
| |||||||||||||||
Manufacturing |
| 17,496 |
|
|
| 15,170 |
|
|
| 50,821 |
|
|
| 43,238 |
|
| 19,772 |
|
|
| 17,412 |
|
|
| 38,193 |
|
|
| 33,325 |
|
McLane Company |
| 12,612 |
|
|
| 12,040 |
|
|
| 36,529 |
|
|
| 35,079 |
| |||||||||||||||
McLane |
| 13,262 |
|
|
| 12,295 |
|
|
| 25,777 |
|
|
| 23,917 |
| |||||||||||||||
Service and retailing |
| 8,679 |
|
|
| 7,279 |
|
|
| 25,614 |
|
|
| 20,272 |
|
| 9,617 |
|
|
| 8,977 |
|
|
| 18,732 |
|
|
| 16,935 |
|
|
| 70,656 |
|
|
| 63,027 |
|
|
| 204,512 |
|
|
| 180,918 |
|
| 76,180 |
|
|
| 69,200 |
|
|
| 147,038 |
|
|
| 133,856 |
|
Reconciliation of segments to consolidated amount |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate, eliminations and other |
| (73 | ) |
|
| (3 | ) |
|
| (216 | ) |
|
| 211 |
|
| — |
|
|
| (86 | ) |
|
| (48 | ) |
|
| (143 | ) |
| $ | 70,583 |
|
| $ | 63,024 |
|
| $ | 204,296 |
|
| $ | 181,129 |
| $ | 76,180 |
|
| $ | 69,114 |
|
| $ | 146,990 |
|
| $ | 133,713 |
|
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||
Earnings Before Income Taxes of Operating Businesses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Earnings (Loss) Before Income Taxes of Operating Businesses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Insurance: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GEICO | $ | (289 | ) |
| $ | 276 |
|
| $ | 1,360 |
|
| $ | 3,320 |
| $ | (487 | ) |
| $ | 626 |
|
| $ | (665 | ) |
| $ | 1,649 |
|
Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group |
| (23 | ) |
|
| (126 | ) |
|
| 349 |
|
|
| (63 | ) |
| 242 |
|
|
| 166 |
|
|
| 334 |
|
|
| 372 |
|
Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group |
| (708 | ) |
|
| (441 | ) |
|
| (1,298 | ) |
|
| (2,033 | ) |
| 967 |
|
|
| (327 | ) |
|
| 1,123 |
|
|
| (590 | ) |
Investment income |
| 1,337 |
|
|
| 1,220 |
|
|
| 4,205 |
|
|
| 4,480 |
|
| 2,283 |
|
|
| 1,456 |
|
|
| 3,644 |
|
|
| 2,868 |
|
Total insurance |
| 317 |
|
|
| 929 |
|
|
| 4,616 |
|
|
| 5,704 |
|
| 3,005 |
|
|
| 1,921 |
|
|
| 4,436 |
|
|
| 4,299 |
|
BNSF |
| 2,029 |
|
|
| 1,777 |
|
|
| 5,667 |
|
|
| 4,855 |
|
| 2,151 |
|
|
| 1,979 |
|
|
| 3,960 |
|
|
| 3,638 |
|
Berkshire Hathaway Energy |
| 1,375 |
|
|
| 1,122 |
|
|
| 2,797 |
|
|
| 2,074 |
| |||||||||||||||
BHE |
| 564 |
|
|
| 739 |
|
|
| 1,240 |
|
|
| 1,422 |
| |||||||||||||||
Manufacturing |
| 2,445 |
|
|
| 2,255 |
|
|
| 7,595 |
|
|
| 5,765 |
|
| 3,028 |
|
|
| 2,714 |
|
|
| 5,852 |
|
|
| 5,150 |
|
McLane Company |
| (8 | ) |
|
| 96 |
|
|
| 179 |
|
|
| 205 |
| |||||||||||||||
McLane |
| 76 |
|
|
| 84 |
|
|
| 158 |
|
|
| 187 |
| |||||||||||||||
Service and retailing |
| 1,110 |
|
|
| 779 |
|
|
| 3,234 |
|
|
| 1,745 |
|
| 1,199 |
|
|
| 1,186 |
|
|
| 2,334 |
|
|
| 2,124 |
|
|
| 7,268 |
|
|
| 6,958 |
|
|
| 24,088 |
|
|
| 20,348 |
|
| 10,023 |
|
|
| 8,623 |
|
|
| 17,980 |
|
|
| 16,820 |
|
Reconciliation of segments to consolidated amount |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment and derivative gains |
| 4,921 |
|
|
| 31,582 |
|
|
| 38,015 |
|
|
| 1,392 |
| |||||||||||||||
Investment and derivative gains (losses) |
| (66,919 | ) |
|
| 27,394 |
|
|
| (68,897 | ) |
|
| 33,094 |
| |||||||||||||||
Interest expense, not allocated to segments |
| (128 | ) |
|
| (116 | ) |
|
| (386 | ) |
|
| (363 | ) |
| (100 | ) |
|
| (144 | ) |
|
| (204 | ) |
|
| (258 | ) |
Equity method investments |
| 377 |
|
|
| 290 |
|
|
| 775 |
|
|
| 333 |
|
| 231 |
|
|
| 147 |
|
|
| 607 |
|
|
| 398 |
|
Goodwill and intangible impairments |
| — |
|
|
| (25 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (10,659 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Corporate, eliminations and other |
| 46 |
|
|
| (759 | ) |
|
| 241 |
|
|
| (761 | ) |
| 1,283 |
|
|
| (299 | ) |
|
| 1,844 |
|
|
| 195 |
|
| $ | 12,484 |
|
| $ | 37,930 |
|
| $ | 62,733 |
|
| $ | 10,290 |
| $ | (55,482 | ) |
| $ | 35,721 |
|
| $ | (48,670 | ) |
| $ | 50,249 |
|
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Results of Operations
Net earningsearnings/loss attributable to Berkshire Hathaway shareholders are disaggregated in the table that follows. Amounts are after deducting income taxes and exclude earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests (in millions).
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
|
| ||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| ||||
Insurance – underwriting | $ | (784 | ) |
| $ | (213 | ) |
| $ | 356 |
|
| $ | 956 |
|
|
Insurance – investment income |
| 1,161 |
|
|
| 1,015 |
|
|
| 3,588 |
|
|
| 3,769 |
|
|
Railroad |
| 1,538 |
|
|
| 1,347 |
|
|
| 4,305 |
|
|
| 3,668 |
|
|
Utilities and energy |
| 1,496 |
|
|
| 1,395 |
|
|
| 2,939 |
|
|
| 2,589 |
|
|
Manufacturing, service and retailing |
| 2,706 |
|
|
| 2,346 |
|
|
| 8,329 |
|
|
| 5,833 |
|
|
Investment and derivative contract gains/losses |
| 3,878 |
|
|
| 24,737 |
|
|
| 29,979 |
|
|
| 765 |
| �� |
Other* |
| 349 |
|
|
| (490 | ) |
|
| 653 |
|
|
| (10,894 | ) |
|
Net earnings attributable to Berkshire Hathaway shareholders | $ | 10,344 |
|
| $ | 30,137 |
|
| $ | 50,149 |
|
| $ | 6,686 |
|
|
|
|
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
|
| ||||||||||
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| ||||
Insurance – underwriting | $ | 581 |
|
| $ | 376 |
|
| $ | 628 |
|
| $ | 1,140 |
|
|
Insurance – investment income |
| 1,906 |
|
|
| 1,219 |
|
|
| 3,076 |
|
|
| 2,427 |
|
|
Railroad |
| 1,664 |
|
|
| 1,516 |
|
|
| 3,035 |
|
|
| 2,767 |
|
|
Utilities and energy |
| 766 |
|
|
| 740 |
|
|
| 1,516 |
|
|
| 1,443 |
|
|
Manufacturing, service and retailing |
| 3,249 |
|
|
| 3,004 |
|
|
| 6,274 |
|
|
| 5,623 |
|
|
Investment and derivative contract gains (losses) |
| (53,038 | ) |
|
| 21,408 |
|
|
| (54,618 | ) |
|
| 26,101 |
|
|
Other |
| 1,117 |
|
|
| (169 | ) |
|
| 1,794 |
|
|
| 304 |
|
|
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Berkshire Hathaway shareholders | $ | (43,755 | ) |
| $ | 28,094 |
|
| $ | (38,295 | ) |
| $ | 39,805 |
|
|
Through our subsidiaries, we engage in numerous diverse business activities. We manage our operating businesses on an unusually decentralized basis. There are few centralized or integrated business functions. Our senior corporate management team participates in and is ultimately responsible for significant capital allocation decisions, investment activities and the selection of the Chief Executive to head each of the operating businesses. The business segment data (Note 23 to the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements) should be read in conjunction with this discussion.
TheIn varying degrees, the COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected most ofcontinues to affect our operating businesses beginning in Marchbusinesses. Significant government and private sector actions have been taken since 2020 to control the spread and mitigate the economic effects of 2020, with the effects to date ranging from relatively minor to severe. Earnings of most of our manufacturing, service and retailing businesses declined considerably, and in certain instances severely,virus. Actions in the second quarterlatter part of 2020. Over2021 and during 2022 included periodic temporary business closures or restrictions of business activities in various parts of the second halfworld in response to the emergence of 2020variants of the virus. Notwithstanding these efforts, significant disruptions of supply chains and continuinghigher costs have persisted. Further, geopolitical conflicts, including the Russia-Ukraine conflict, have developed in 2021, many2022. While direct losses to-date have not been material to consolidated results, these events had indirect impacts by contributing to the disruptions of these businesses experienced significant recoveries in revenues and earnings, in some instances exceeding pre-pandemic levels. However, many of our businesses were negatively affected by ongoing global supply chain disruptions, including those attributable to major winter stormschains, resulting in cost increases for goods and a hurricaneservices in North America, which contributed to higher input costs.parts of the world where we operate. We cannot reliably predict future economic effects of the pandemicthese events on our businesses or when business activities at our operations will completely normalize. Nor can we reliably predict how these events will alter the future consumption patterns of consumers and businesses we serve.
Insurance underwriting produced after-tax losses of $784earnings increased $205 million (54.5%) in the thirdsecond quarter and earnings of $356decreased $512 million (44.9%) in the first ninesix months of 2022 versus 2021. After-tax incurred lossesIn each period, underwriting earnings from significant catastrophe events were approximately $1.7 billionGEICO declined, primarily attributable to increases in the third quarter and $2.2 billion in the first nine months of 2021, which were partly offset by reductions in incurred losses for prior accident years’ loss events. Underwriting results in 2021 also reflected earned premium reductions from the GEICO Giveback program, higher private passenger auto claims frequencies and higher lossesseverities and lower reductions of ultimate claim estimates for prior years’ losses. Underwriting earnings in 2022 from reinsurance activities increased compared to 2021, reflecting foreign currency exchange rate gains arising from the remeasurement of non-U.S. Dollar denominated liabilities on insurance contracts of our U.S. insurance subsidiaries due to strengthening of the U.S. Dollar and improved life reinsurance business.results. After-tax earnings from insurance investment income increased 14.4%56.4% in the thirdsecond quarter and decreased 4.8%26.7% in the first ninesix months of 2021 as2022 compared to 2020, reflecting lower interest2021, attributable to increased dividend income and higher dividend income in both periods.interest rates.
After-tax earnings of our railroad business increased 14.2%9.8% in the thirdsecond quarter and 17.4%9.7% in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020. The2021. These increases reflected higher revenue per car/unit, partly offset by lower overall higher freight volumes and lower costs due to improved productivity, partly offset by higher average fuel costs. After-tax earnings of our utilities and energy business increased 7.2%3.5% in the thirdsecond quarter and 13.5%5.1% in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020.2021. The year-to-date increaseincreases reflected increasedhigher earnings from tax equity investments and from the natural gas pipeline and Northern Powergrid businesses, partly offset by lower earnings from the U.S. regulated utilities and natural gas pipelines businesses, including the effects of a business acquisition, and from the real estate brokerage business. Earningsbusinesses. After-tax earnings from our manufacturing, service and retailing businesses increased 15.3%8.2% in the thirdsecond quarter and 42.8%11.6% in the first ninesix months of 20212022 versus 2020. Many of2021. Results were mixed among our businesses generated significantly higher earnings over the first half of 2021 compared to 2020, which included significant adverse effects from the pandemic.various businesses. While customer demand for products remainedand services was relatively high, earningsgood in the third quarterfirst six months of 2021 were sequentially lower than2022, we continue to experience the second quarter. Severalnegative effects of our businesses experienced higher materials, freight, labor and other input costs attributable to ongoing disruptions in global supply chains.costs.
Investment and derivative contract gains and losses in 20212022 and 20202021 predominantly derived from our investments in equity securities and included significantincludes unrealized gains and losses from market price changes.changes during the period. We believe that investment and derivative gains/losses, whether realized from dispositions or unrealized from changes in market prices of equity securities, are generally meaningless in understanding our reported quarterly or annual results or in evaluating the economic performance of our businesses. These gains and losses have caused and will continue to cause significant volatility in our periodic earnings. Other earnings included after-tax foreign currency exchange gains related to non-U.S. Dollar denominated debt of $1.1 billion in the second quarter and $1.6 billion in the first six months of 2022, compared to after-tax losses of $45 million and after-tax gains of $480 million in the second quarter and first six months of 2021, respectively.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Insurance—Underwriting
Our management views our insurance businesses as possessing two distinct activities – underwriting and investing. Underwriting decisions are the responsibility of the unit managers, while investing decisions are the responsibility of Berkshire’s Chairman and CEO, Warren E. Buffett, and Berkshire’s corporate investment managers. Accordingly, we evaluate performance of underwriting operations without any allocation of investment income or investment gains and losses. We consider investment income as an integral component of our aggregate insurance operating results. However, we consider investment gains and losses, whether realized or unrealized, as non-operating. We believe that such gains and losses are not meaningful in understanding the quarterly or annual operating results of our insurance businesses.
The timing and magnitude of catastrophe losses can produce significant volatility in our periodic underwriting results, particularly with respect to our reinsurance businesses. Generally, we consider incurred losses in excess ofexceeding $100 million from a current year catastrophic event to be significant. The significantSignificant catastrophe events in 2021the first six months included Hurricane Ida and floods in EuropeAustralia and South Africa in the third quarter, as well as2022 and Winter Storm Uri in the first quarter.2021.
Changes in estimates for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses, including amounts established for occurrences in prior years, can also significantly affect our periodic underwriting results. Unpaid loss estimates, including estimates under retroactive reinsurance contracts, were approximately $125.5$126 billion as of SeptemberJune 30, 2021.2022. Our periodic underwriting results may also include significant foreign currency transaction gains and losses arising from the changes in the valuation of non-U.S. Dollar denominated liabilities of our U.S.-basedU.S. based insurance subsidiaries due to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations.
Underwriting results forof certain of our commercial insurance and reinsurance businesses were negativelyhave been affected in 2021 and 2020 by estimated losses and costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, including estimated provisions for claims and uncollectible premiums and incremental operating costs to maintain customer service levels. Thepandemic. While the effects of the pandemic on underwriting results in the first six months of 2022 were insignificant, results in future periods may be affected by judicial rulingslegal and regulatory and legislative actions pertaining to insurance coverage, and claims and by its effects on general economic activity, which we cannot reasonably estimate at this time.
We provide primary insurance and reinsurance products covering property and casualty risks, as well as life and health risks. Our insurance and reinsurance businesses are GEICO, Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group and Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group. Underwriting results of our insurance businesses are summarized below (dollars in millions).
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||
Pre-tax underwriting earnings (loss): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GEICO | $ | (289 | ) |
| $ | 276 |
|
| $ | 1,360 |
|
| $ | 3,320 |
| $ | (487 | ) |
| $ | 626 |
|
| $ | (665 | ) |
| $ | 1,649 |
|
Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group |
| (23 | ) |
|
| (126 | ) |
|
| 349 |
|
|
| (63 | ) |
| 242 |
|
|
| 166 |
|
|
| 334 |
|
|
| 372 |
|
Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group |
| (708 | ) |
|
| (441 | ) |
|
| (1,298 | ) |
|
| (2,033 | ) |
| 967 |
|
|
| (327 | ) |
|
| 1,123 |
|
|
| (590 | ) |
Pre-tax underwriting earnings |
| (1,020 | ) |
|
| (291 | ) |
|
| 411 |
|
|
| 1,224 |
|
| 722 |
|
|
| 465 |
|
|
| 792 |
|
|
| 1,431 |
|
Income taxes and noncontrolling interests |
| (236 | ) |
|
| (78 | ) |
|
| 55 |
|
|
| 268 |
|
| 141 |
|
|
| 89 |
|
|
| 164 |
|
|
| 291 |
|
Net underwriting earnings (loss) | $ | (784 | ) |
| $ | (213 | ) |
| $ | 356 |
|
| $ | 956 |
| |||||||||||||||
Net underwriting earnings | $ | 581 |
|
| $ | 376 |
|
| $ | 628 |
|
| $ | 1,140 |
| |||||||||||||||
Effective income tax rate |
| 23.0 | % |
|
| 26.6 | % |
|
| 13.6 | % |
|
| 21.9 | % |
| 19.4 | % |
|
| 19.0 | % |
|
| 20.7 | % |
|
| 20.3 | % |
GEICO
GEICO writes private passenger automobile insurance, offering coverages to insureds in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. GEICO markets its policies mainly by direct response methods where most customers apply for coverage directly to the company via the Internet or over the telephone. A summary of GEICO’s underwriting results follows (dollars in millions).
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
| ||||||||||||||||
Premiums written | $ | 10,097 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 8,446 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 29,333 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 26,217 |
|
|
|
|
| $ | 9,416 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 9,230 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 19,681 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 19,236 |
|
|
|
|
|
Premiums earned | $ | 9,604 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 8,540 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 28,073 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 26,689 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
| $ | 9,807 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 9,546 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 19,361 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 18,469 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
| 8,486 |
|
|
| 88.4 |
|
|
| 6,858 |
|
|
| 80.3 |
|
|
| 22,566 |
|
|
| 80.4 |
|
|
| 19,238 |
|
|
| 72.1 |
|
| 9,105 |
|
|
| 92.8 |
|
|
| 7,617 |
|
|
| 79.8 |
|
|
| 17,649 |
|
|
| 91.2 |
|
|
| 14,080 |
|
|
| 76.2 |
|
Underwriting expenses |
| 1,407 |
|
|
| 14.6 |
|
|
| 1,406 |
|
|
| 16.5 |
|
|
| 4,147 |
|
|
| 14.8 |
|
|
| 4,131 |
|
|
| 15.5 |
|
| 1,189 |
|
|
| 12.2 |
|
|
| 1,303 |
|
|
| 13.6 |
|
|
| 2,377 |
|
|
| 12.2 |
|
|
| 2,740 |
|
|
| 14.9 |
|
Total losses and expenses |
| 9,893 |
|
|
| 103.0 |
|
|
| 8,264 |
|
|
| 96.8 |
|
|
| 26,713 |
|
|
| 95.2 |
|
|
| 23,369 |
|
|
| 87.6 |
|
| 10,294 |
|
|
| 105.0 |
|
|
| 8,920 |
|
|
| 93.4 |
|
|
| 20,026 |
|
|
| 103.4 |
|
|
| 16,820 |
|
|
| 91.1 |
|
Pre-tax underwriting earnings (loss) | $ | (289 | ) |
|
|
|
|
| $ | 276 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 1,360 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 3,320 |
|
|
|
|
| $ | (487 | ) |
|
|
|
|
| $ | 626 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | (665 | ) |
|
|
|
|
| $ | 1,649 |
|
|
|
|
|
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Insurance—Underwriting (Continued)
GEICO (Continued)
GEICO’s pre-tax underwriting earnings in 2021 and 2020 were significantly affected by changes in average claims frequencies. Beginningloss in the first half of 2022 reflected increased claims severities, primarily due to significant cost inflation in automobile markets, which began to accelerate in the second half of 2021. Increases in used car prices are producing increased claims severities on total losses and shortages of car parts are contributing to increased claims severities on partial losses. In addition, injury claims severities continue to trend higher than general inflation rates.
Premiums written increased $186 million (2.0%) in the second quarter of 2020 and continuing through$445 million (2.3%) in the first quartersix months of 2021,2022 compared to 2021. The increases were primarily attributable to increases in average claims frequencies were significantly below historical levels from the effects of less driving by policyholders during the COVID-19 pandemic. These effects werepremiums per auto policy due to rate increases, partially offset by lower premiumsa decrease in policies in-force. Premiums earned fromincreased $261 million (2.7%) in the second quarter and $892 million (4.8%) in the first six months of 2022 compared to 2021. Premiums earned in the first six months of 2021 included a reduction of approximately $460 million attributable to the remaining impact of the GEICO Giveback program and higher average claims severities. Starting in the second quarter of 2021, average claims frequencies began to increase as driving by policyholders increased. In addition, average property claims severities increased due to the increase in the valuation of used vehicles.
Premiums written increased $1.7 billion (19.5%) in the third quarter and $3.1 billion (11.9%) in the first nine months of 2021 compared to 2020. The comparative increases reflected the effects of the GEICO Giveback Program, which reduced premiums written $1.5 billion in the third quarter and $2.8 billion in the first nine months of 2020. The GEICO Giveback programthat provided a 15% premium credit to all new and renewalrenewing voluntary auto and motorcycle policies written between April 8, 2020 and October 7, 2020, and reduced premiums written by approximately $2.9 billion over that six-month period. Voluntary auto policies-in-force increased approximately 159,000 during the first nine months of 2021.
Premiums earned increased $1.1 billion (12.5%) in the third quarter and $1.4 billion (5.2%) in the first nine months of 2021 compared to 2020. The GEICO Giveback premium credit reduced premiums earned approximately $475 million in 2021 (mostly in the first quarter) and $1.3 billion in the first nine months of 2020, including $1.0 billion in the third quarter.
Losses and loss adjustment expenses increased $1.6$1.5 billion (23.7%(19.5%) in the thirdsecond quarter and $3.3$3.6 billion (17.3%(25.3%) in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020.2021. GEICO’s ratio of losses and loss adjustment expenses to premiums earned increased 8.1 percentage pointswas 92.8% in the thirdsecond quarter and 8.3 percentage points91.2% in the first ninesix months of 20212022, increases of 13.0 percentage points and 15.0 percentage points, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2020. The2021, which reflected increases reflected overall increases in average claims frequencies and severities for the current year and approximately $400 million in pre-tax losses attributable to Hurricane Ida, partially offset by increasedlower reductions of claim loss estimates for prior years’ loss events.
Claims frequencies in the first ninesix months of 20212022 were higher for all coverages, including property damage (twelve(four to thirteenfive percent range), collision (ten to eleven percent range), bodily injury (thirteen(six to fourteen percent range), personal injury (sixteen to seventeenseven percent range) and collision (twenty-onepersonal injury (seven to twenty-twoeight percent range). Average claims severities in the first ninesix months of 20212022 were higher for property damage coverage (four(eleven to fivetwelve percent range), collision coverage (thirteen(nineteen to fourteentwenty percent range) and bodily injury coverage (ten(nine to twelveeleven percent range). Ultimate claimLosses and loss adjustment expenses reflected reductions in the ultimate loss estimates for prior years’ loss events were reduced approximately $1.2 billionof $207 million in the first ninesix months of 2021, which produced corresponding reductions in losses and loss adjustment expenses. The effects of changes in estimates for prior years’ loss events were relatively insignificant2022 compared to $846 million in the first ninesix months of 2020.2021. The reductions in 2022 reflected decreases for bodily and personal injury coverages, partially offset by increases for collision and property damage coverages, while the reductions in 2021 were across all major coverages.
Underwriting expenses were relatively flatdecreased $114 million (8.7%) in the second quarter and $363 million (13.2%) in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020,2021, reflecting higher technology costs, offset by lower advertising costs in both periods and lower employee-related expenses.costs in the first six months. GEICO’s expense ratio (underwriting expense to premiums earned) decreased 0.7was 12.2% in the second quarter and first six months of 2022, decreases of 1.4 percentage points in the first nine months of 2021and 2.7 percentage points, respectively, compared to 2020, reflecting the increasesame periods in premiums earned.2021, attributable to both the decreases in expenses as well as the increases in earned premiums.
Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group
The Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group (“BH Primary”) provides a variety of commercial insurance solutions, including healthcare malpractice,professional liability, workers’ compensation, automobile, general liability, property and specialty coverages for small, medium and large clients. BH PrimaryPrimary’s larger insurers include Berkshire Hathaway Specialty Insurance (“BH Specialty”), Berkshire Hathaway Homestate Companies (“BHHC”), MedPro Group, Berkshire Hathaway GUARD Insurance Companies (“GUARD”), National Indemnity Company (“NICO Primary”), and U.S. Liability Insurance Company (“USLI”), Central States Indemnity Company and MLMIC Insurance Company.. A summary of BH Primary underwriting results follows (dollars in millions).
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
| ||||||||||||||||
Premiums written | $ | 3,506 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 3,003 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 9,357 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 7,607 |
|
|
|
|
| $ | 3,504 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 2,943 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 6,896 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 5,851 |
|
|
|
|
|
Premiums earned | $ | 2,964 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 2,490 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 8,373 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 7,103 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
| $ | 3,313 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 2,755 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 6,431 |
|
| �� | 100.0 |
|
| $ | 5,409 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
| 2,240 |
|
|
| 75.6 |
|
|
| 1,976 |
|
|
| 79.4 |
|
|
| 6,044 |
|
|
| 72.2 |
|
|
| 5,369 |
|
|
| 75.6 |
|
| 2,243 |
|
|
| 67.7 |
|
|
| 1,955 |
|
|
| 71.0 |
|
|
| 4,517 |
|
|
| 70.2 |
|
|
| 3,804 |
|
|
| 70.3 |
|
Underwriting expenses |
| 747 |
|
|
| 25.2 |
|
|
| 640 |
|
|
| 25.7 |
|
|
| 1,980 |
|
|
| 23.6 |
|
|
| 1,797 |
|
|
| 25.3 |
|
| 828 |
|
|
| 25.0 |
|
|
| 634 |
|
|
| 23.0 |
|
|
| 1,580 |
|
|
| 24.6 |
|
|
| 1,233 |
|
|
| 22.8 |
|
Total losses and expenses |
| 2,987 |
|
|
| 100.8 |
|
|
| 2,616 |
|
|
| 105.1 |
|
|
| 8,024 |
|
|
| 95.8 |
|
|
| 7,166 |
|
|
| 100.9 |
|
| 3,071 |
|
|
| 92.7 |
|
|
| 2,589 |
|
|
| 94.0 |
|
|
| 6,097 |
|
|
| 94.8 |
|
|
| 5,037 |
|
|
| 93.1 |
|
Pre-tax underwriting earnings (loss) | $ | (23 | ) |
|
|
|
|
| $ | (126 | ) |
|
|
|
|
| $ | 349 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | (63 | ) |
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pre-tax underwriting earnings | $ | 242 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 166 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 334 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 372 |
|
|
|
|
|
Premiums written increased $561 million (19.1%) in the second quarter and $1.0 billion (17.9%) in the first six months of 2022 compared to 2021, reflecting year-to-date increases at BH Specialty (26%), USLI (17%) and BHHC (14%). The increases were primarily on property and casualty coverages in the U.S. across several markets.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Insurance—Underwriting (Continued)
Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group (Continued)
Premiums written increased $503 million (16.7%) in the third quarter and $1.8 billion (23.0%) in the first nine months of 2021 compared to 2020, primarily attributable to a 42% year-to-date increase from BH Specialty in professional liability, casualty and property lines of business. In addition, several of our other underwriting units experienced year-to-date premiums written increases, including MedPro Group (19%), NICO Primary (32%), GUARD (8%) and USLI (20%) in various coverages and markets, partly offset by lower volumes for workers’ compensation business.
BH Primary’s loss ratio declined 3.8was 67.7% in the second quarter and 70.2% in the first six months of 2022, a decrease of 3.3 percentage points in the thirdsecond quarter and 3.4 percentage pointsrelatively unchanged in the first ninesix months compared to 2021. Losses and loss adjustment expenses from significant catastrophe events were $75 million in the first six months of 2021 versus 2020. The year-to-date decline reflected increased2022 compared to $156 million in 2021. Losses and loss adjustment expenses also included net reductions in estimated ultimate liabilities for prior years’ loss events of $420 million in 2021 compared to $190 million in 2020. Losses and loss adjustment expenses in 2021 from significant catastrophe events were approximately $260 million in the third quarter and $420$106 million in the first nine months, arising primarily from Hurricane Ida in the third quarter and Winter Storm Uri in the first quarter. Incurred losses in the first ninesix months of 2020 included approximately $4002022 compared to $253 million attributable to the pandemic and Hurricanes Laura and Sally in the third quarter.2021. BH Primary insurers also write significant levels of workers’ compensation, commercial and professional liability and workers’ compensation businessinsurance and the related claim costs may be subject to high severity and long claim-tails. Accordingly, weWe could experience significant increases in claims liabilities in the future attributable to higher-than-expected claim settlements, adverse litigation outcomes or judicial rulings and other factors not currently anticipated.
Underwriting expenses increased $194 million (30.6%) in the thirdsecond quarter and $347 million (28.1%) in the first ninesix months of 2021 increased $107 million (16.7%) and $183 million (10.2%), respectively,2022 compared to 2020.the same periods in 2021. The expense ratio decreased 1.7increased 2.0 percentage points in the second quarter and 1.8 percentage points in the first ninesix months of 2021, reflectingcompared to 2021. These increases reflected costs associated with new business development and changes in business mix.
Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group
The Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group (“BHRG”) offers excess-of-loss and quota-share reinsurance coverages on property and casualty risks to insurers and reinsurers worldwide through several subsidiaries, led by National Indemnity Company (“NICO”), General Reinsurance Corporation and General Reinsurance AG. We also offerwrite life and health reinsurance coverages through General Re Life Corporation, General Reinsurance AG and Berkshire Hathaway Life Insurance Company of Nebraska (“BHLN”). We periodically assume property and casualty risks under retroactive reinsurance contracts written through NICO. In addition, we write periodic payment annuity contracts through BHLN.
Generally, we strive to generate underwriting profits. However, time-value-of-money concepts are important elements in establishing prices for retroactive reinsurance and periodic payment annuity businessesbusiness due to the expected long durations of the claim liabilities. We expect to incur pre-tax underwriting losses from such businesses,business, primarily through deferred charge amortization and discount accretion charges. We receive premiums at the inception of these contracts, which are then available for investment. A summary of Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group’sBHRG’s premiums and pre-tax underwriting results follows (in(dollars in millions).
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Premiums earned |
|
| Pre-tax underwriting earnings (loss) |
|
| Premiums earned |
|
| Pre-tax underwriting earnings (loss) |
| Premiums earned |
|
| Pre-tax underwriting earnings (loss) |
|
| Premiums earned |
|
| Pre-tax underwriting earnings (loss) |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||||||||||
Property/casualty | $ | 3,637 |
|
| $ | 3,428 |
|
| $ | (247 | ) |
| $ | 99 |
|
| $ | 10,385 |
|
| $ | 8,859 |
|
| $ | 121 |
|
| $ | (706 | ) | $ | 3,531 |
|
| $ | 3,354 |
|
| $ | 976 |
|
| $ | 202 |
|
| $ | 6,930 |
|
| $ | 6,748 |
|
| $ | 1,381 |
|
| $ | 368 |
|
Life/health |
| 1,328 |
|
|
| 1,378 |
|
|
| (181 | ) |
|
| 17 |
|
|
| 3,932 |
|
|
| 4,147 |
|
|
| (522 | ) |
|
| 63 |
|
| 1,265 |
|
|
| 1,299 |
|
|
| 75 |
|
|
| (169 | ) |
|
| 2,513 |
|
|
| 2,604 |
|
|
| 63 |
|
|
| (341 | ) |
Retroactive reinsurance |
| — |
|
|
| 5 |
|
|
| (158 | ) |
|
| (394 | ) |
|
| 82 |
|
|
| 39 |
|
|
| (620 | ) |
|
| (896 | ) |
| — |
|
|
| 82 |
|
|
| (52 | ) |
|
| (220 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| 82 |
|
|
| (242 | ) |
|
| (462 | ) |
Periodic payment annuity |
| 191 |
|
|
| 68 |
|
|
| (94 | ) |
|
| (209 | ) |
|
| 458 |
|
|
| 409 |
|
|
| (374 | ) |
|
| (411 | ) |
| 168 |
|
|
| 123 |
|
|
| (27 | ) |
|
| (144 | ) |
|
| 337 |
|
|
| 267 |
|
|
| (130 | ) |
|
| (280 | ) |
Variable annuity |
| 3 |
|
|
| 4 |
|
|
| (28 | ) |
|
| 46 |
|
|
| 11 |
|
|
| 10 |
|
|
| 97 |
|
|
| (83 | ) |
| 3 |
|
|
| 4 |
|
|
| (5 | ) |
|
| 4 |
|
|
| 7 |
|
|
| 8 |
|
|
| 51 |
|
|
| 125 |
|
| $ | 5,159 |
|
| $ | 4,883 |
|
| $ | (708 | ) |
| $ | (441 | ) |
| $ | 14,868 |
|
| $ | 13,464 |
|
| $ | (1,298 | ) |
| $ | (2,033 | ) | $ | 4,967 |
|
| $ | 4,862 |
|
| $ | 967 |
|
| $ | (327 | ) |
| $ | 9,787 |
|
| $ | 9,709 |
|
| $ | 1,123 |
|
| $ | (590 | ) |
Property/casualty
A summary of property/casualty reinsurance underwriting results follows (dollars in millions).
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
| ||||||||
Premiums written | $ | 4,159 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 3,426 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 8,545 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 7,809 |
|
|
|
|
|
Premiums earned | $ | 3,531 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 3,354 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 6,930 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 6,748 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
| 2,067 |
|
|
| 58.5 |
|
|
| 2,296 |
|
|
| 68.5 |
|
|
| 4,374 |
|
|
| 63.1 |
|
|
| 4,703 |
|
|
| 69.7 |
|
Underwriting expenses |
| 488 |
|
|
| 13.9 |
|
|
| 856 |
|
|
| 25.5 |
|
|
| 1,175 |
|
|
| 17.0 |
|
|
| 1,677 |
|
|
| 24.8 |
|
Total losses and expenses |
| 2,555 |
|
|
| 72.4 |
|
|
| 3,152 |
|
|
| 94.0 |
|
|
| 5,549 |
|
|
| 80.1 |
|
|
| 6,380 |
|
|
| 94.5 |
|
Pre-tax underwriting earnings | $ | 976 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 202 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 1,381 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 368 |
|
|
|
|
|
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Insurance—Underwriting (Continued)
Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group (Continued)
Property/casualty (Continued)
A summary of property/casualty reinsurance underwriting results follows (dollars in millions).
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
| ||||||||
Premiums written | $ | 4,115 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 3,960 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 11,924 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 11,011 |
|
|
|
|
|
Premiums earned | $ | 3,637 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 3,428 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 10,385 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 8,859 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
| 2,986 |
|
|
| 82.1 |
|
|
| 2,544 |
|
|
| 74.2 |
|
|
| 7,689 |
|
|
| 74.0 |
|
|
| 7,241 |
|
|
| 81.7 |
|
Underwriting expenses |
| 898 |
|
|
| 24.7 |
|
|
| 785 |
|
|
| 22.9 |
|
|
| 2,575 |
|
|
| 24.8 |
|
|
| 2,324 |
|
|
| 26.3 |
|
Total losses and expenses |
| 3,884 |
|
|
| 106.8 |
|
|
| 3,329 |
|
|
| 97.1 |
|
|
| 10,264 |
|
|
| 98.8 |
|
|
| 9,565 |
|
|
| 108.0 |
|
Pre-tax underwriting earnings (loss) | $ | (247 | ) |
|
|
|
|
| $ | 99 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 121 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | (706 | ) |
|
|
|
|
Premiums written increased $155$733 million (3.9%(21.4%) in the thirdsecond quarter and $913$736 million (8.3%(9.4%) in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to the same periods in 2020. The2021, reflecting net increases reflected netfrom new property business increased participations on renewals, improved prices and favorablerates, partially offset by unfavorable foreign currency translation effects.
Losses and loss adjustment expenses increased $442decreased $229 million (17.4%(10.0%) in the thirdsecond quarter and $448$329 million (6.2%(7.0%) in the first ninesix months, of 2021 compared to 2020. Thewhile the loss ratio increased 7.9declined 10.0 percentage points in the thirdsecond quarter and decreased 7.76.6 percentage points in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020.2021. Losses and loss adjustment expenses in 2021 included provisions for estimated liabilitiesincurred arising from significant catastrophe events of approximately $1.5 billionwere $443 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $1.9 billion$758 million in the first nine months. These provisions were attributable to Hurricane Ida and flooding in Europe in the third quarter and Winter Storm Uri in the first quarter. Estimated losses attributable to significant catastrophes in 2020 were approximately $300 million and derived from Hurricanes Laura and Sally in the third quarter.
Losses incurred in the first ninesix months of 2021 also included $564 million from a net decrease2022, which were partially offset by reductions in estimated ultimate liabilities for losses occurring in prior years’ loss events.years of $437 million in the second quarter and $574 million in the first six months. Losses incurred from significant catastrophe events were $108 million in the second quarter and loss adjustment expenses$418 million in 2020 included a year-to-date net increasethe first six months of 2021. Changes in estimated ultimate liabilities for prior years’ loss events of $342 million and losses attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic of $113 millionwere relatively insignificant in the thirdsecond quarter and $688 million in the first nine months.six months of 2021.
Underwriting expenses are primarily commissions and brokerage costs. The expense ratio in 2021 increased 1.8as percentages of premiums earned decreased 11.6 percentage points in the thirdsecond quarter and decreased 1.57.8 percentage points in the first ninesix months of 2022 compared to the same periods in 2020,2021, primarily attributable to foreign currency effects and changes in business mix. Underwriting expenses included foreign currency exchange gains of $308 million in the second quarter and $389 million in the first six months of 2022, primarily related to a third quarter 2021 intercompany reinsurance agreement in which a non-U.S. based Berkshire subsidiary ceded non-U.S. Dollar denominated liabilities to a U.S. based Berkshire subsidiary. Under U.S. GAAP, the effects of exchange rate changes from the remeasurement of liabilities assumed by the U.S. subsidiary are reflected in earnings as its functional currency is the U.S. Dollar. The net foreign currency exchange rate effects from translating the financial statements of the non-U.S. subsidiary to the U.S. Dollar are included in other comprehensive income.
Life/health
A summary of our life/health reinsurance underwriting results follows (dollars in millions).
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
|
| Amount |
|
| % |
| ||||||||||||||||
Premiums written | $ | 1,332 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 1,383 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 3,929 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 4,153 |
|
|
|
|
| $ | 1,249 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 1,296 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 2,492 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 2,597 |
|
|
|
|
|
Premiums earned | $ | 1,328 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 1,378 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 3,932 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 4,147 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
| $ | 1,265 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 1,299 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 2,513 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
| $ | 2,604 |
|
|
| 100.0 |
|
Life and health insurance benefits |
| 1,247 |
|
|
| 93.9 |
|
|
| 1,142 |
|
|
| 82.9 |
|
|
| 3,733 |
|
|
| 94.9 |
|
|
| 3,328 |
|
|
| 80.3 |
|
| 964 |
|
|
| 76.2 |
|
|
| 1,235 |
|
|
| 95.1 |
|
|
| 2,015 |
|
|
| 80.2 |
|
|
| 2,486 |
|
|
| 95.5 |
|
Underwriting expenses |
| 262 |
|
|
| 19.7 |
|
|
| 219 |
|
|
| 15.9 |
|
|
| 721 |
|
|
| 18.4 |
|
|
| 756 |
|
|
| 18.2 |
|
| 226 |
|
|
| 17.8 |
|
|
| 233 |
|
|
| 17.9 |
|
|
| 435 |
|
|
| 17.3 |
|
|
| 459 |
|
|
| 17.6 |
|
Total benefits and expenses |
| 1,509 |
|
|
| 113.6 |
|
|
| 1,361 |
|
|
| 98.8 |
|
|
| 4,454 |
|
|
| 113.3 |
|
|
| 4,084 |
|
|
| 98.5 |
|
| 1,190 |
|
|
| 94.0 |
|
|
| 1,468 |
|
|
| 113.0 |
|
|
| 2,450 |
|
|
| 97.5 |
|
|
| 2,945 |
|
|
| 113.1 |
|
Pre-tax underwriting earnings (loss) | $ | (181 | ) |
|
|
|
|
| $ | 17 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | (522 | ) |
|
|
|
|
| $ | 63 |
|
|
|
|
| $ | 75 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | (169 | ) |
|
|
|
|
| $ | 63 |
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | (341 | ) |
|
|
|
|
Life/health premiums written decreased 3.7%$47 million (3.6%) in the thirdsecond quarter and 5.4%$105 million (4.0%) in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020. Premiums writtenthe same periods in 2020 included $131 million in the third quarter and $497 million in the first nine months from a policy that covered U.S. health insurance risks that did not renew in 2021. Otherwise, premiums written in the first nine months of 2021, increased 7.7% versus 2020, primarily due to favorablelower volumes in the Asia Pacific and North America regions and from unfavorable foreign currency translation effects. Life and health benefits declined $271 million (21.9%) in the second quarter and $471 million (18.9%) in the first six months of 2022 compared to 2021, attributable to lower mortality. Underwriting results in the third quarter and first nine months of 2021 were negatively affected by significant, pandemic-related increases in mortality in the U.S., South Africa, India and Latin America due to the pandemic. Underwriting results in 2020 reflected COVID-19-related claim estimates of $68 million in the third quarter and $172 million in the first nine months, as well as from increased liabilities from changes in underlying assumptions in estimating disability benefit liabilities in Australia.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Insurance—Underwriting (Continued)
Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group (Continued)America.
Retroactive reinsurance
Pre-tax underwriting losses in each period derived from the amortization of deferred charges and changes in the estimated timing and amounts of future claim payments. Underwriting results also include foreign currency exchange gains and losses from the effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on non-U.S. Dollar denominated liabilities of our U.S. subsidiaries. Before foreign currency exchange effects, pre-tax underwriting losses were $227 million in the third quarter and $690 million in the first nine months of 2021 compared to $282 million in the third quarter and $874 million in the first nine months of 2020. Foreign currency exchange gains were $69 million in the third quarter and $70$157 million in the first ninesix months of 2022, substantially all of which was in the second quarter. Foreign currency exchange gains/losses were insignificant in the corresponding 2021 compared toperiods. Pre-tax underwriting losses of $112before foreign currency exchange effects were $204 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $22$399 million in the first ninesix months of 2020.2022 compared to $220 million in the second quarter and $463 million in the first six months of 2021.
Gross unpaidUnpaid losses assumed under retroactive reinsurance contracts were $39.7declined $1.0 billion in the first six months of 2022 to $37.2 billion at SeptemberJune 30, 2021, declining $1.2 billion since December 31, 2020,2022, primarily due to loss payments. Unamortized deferred charges related to suchretroactive reinsurance contracts were $11.7declined $426 million in the first six months of 2022 to $10.2 billion at SeptemberJune 30, 2021, a decline of $709 million since December 31, 2020,2022, primarily attributable to periodic amortization. Deferred charge amortization will be charged toincluded in underwriting earnings over the expected remaining claims settlement periods.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Insurance—Underwriting (Continued)
Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group (Continued)
Periodic payment annuity
Periodic payment annuity premiums earned increased $123$45 million (180.9%(36.6%) in the thirdsecond quarter and $49$70 million (12.0%(26.2%) in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020.the same periods in 2021. Periodic payment annuity business is both price and demand sensitive. Our premium volumes in 2021sensitive and 2020 were constrained, attributable in part to pandemic related delays in underlying claim settlements, which reduced the supply of available business. Thebusiness is affected by the timing of underlying legal claim settlements. Our volumes written may also change rapidly due to changes in prices, which are affected by prevailing interest rates, the perceived risks and durations associated with the expected annuity payments, as well as the level of competition.
Periodic payment annuity contracts normally produce pre-tax underwriting losses deriving from the recurring discount accretion of annuity liabilities. Underwriting results also include the effects of mortality, interest rate changes that may affect expected settlements under certain contracts and gains or losses from the effects of changes in mortality and interest rates and from foreign currency exchange ratesrate changes on non-U.S. Dollar denominated liabilities of our U.S. subsidiaries. Pre-tax underwriting results included foreign currency exchange gains of $45$116 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $25$160 million in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to losses of $73$10 million in the thirdsecond quarter and gains of $38$20 million in the first ninesix months of 2020.2021.
ExcludingPre-tax underwriting losses before foreign currency exchange gains/losses, pre-tax underwriting losseseffects were $139$143 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $399$290 million in the first ninesix months of 2021 compared to $1362022 and $134 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $449$260 million in the first ninesix months of 2020, which primarily derived from the recurring discount accretion of annuity liabilities. Pre-tax losses in the first nine months of 2021 were partially offset by the effects of higher mortality and the effects of higher interest rates applicable to settlements under certain contracts.2021. Discounted annuity liabilities were $14.8$15.4 billion at SeptemberJune 30, 2021, having2022 and had a weighted average discount rate of approximately 3.9%.
Variable annuity
Variable annuity guarantee reinsurance contracts produced pre-tax losses of $28$5 million in the thirdsecond quarter and earningsgains of $97$51 million in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to earningspre-tax gains of $46$4 million in the thirdsecond quarter and losses of $83$125 million in the first ninesix months of 2020.2021. The results from these contracts reflect changes in our estimated liabilities for underlying guaranteed benefits, which are affected by changes in securities markets, and interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates, which can be volatile, and from the periodic amortization of expected profit margins. Underwriting results from these contracts are volatile, reflecting the volatility of securities markets, interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. The change in underwriting earnings in the first ninesix months of 2022 and 2021 compared to 2020 waswere primarily attributable to the net effects of interest rate changes and to a lesser extent, changes in securities markets partly offset by lower underlying lapse rate assumptions.
Item 2. Management’s Discussionwhich were unfavorable in 2022 and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operationsfavorable in 2021.
Insurance—Investment Income
A summary of net investment income attributable to our insurance operations follows (dollars in millions).
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
| Percentage Change |
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
|
| Percentage Change |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||
Dividend income | $ | 2,055 |
|
| $ | 1,298 |
|
| $ | 3,252 |
|
| $ | 2,551 |
|
|
| 58.3 | % |
|
| 27.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest and other investment income | $ | 141 |
|
| $ | 196 |
|
| $ | 458 |
|
| $ | 870 |
|
| (28.1 | )% |
|
| (47.4 | )% |
| 228 |
|
|
| 158 |
|
|
| 392 |
|
|
| 317 |
|
|
| 44.3 |
|
|
| 23.7 |
|
Dividend income |
| 1,196 |
|
|
| 1,024 |
|
|
| 3,747 |
|
|
| 3,610 |
| 16.8 |
|
|
| 3.8 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pre-tax net investment income |
| 1,337 |
|
|
| 1,220 |
|
|
| 4,205 |
|
|
| 4,480 |
| 9.6 |
|
|
| (6.1 | ) |
| 2,283 |
|
|
| 1,456 |
|
|
| 3,644 |
|
|
| 2,868 |
|
|
| 56.8 |
|
|
| 27.1 |
| |
Income taxes and noncontrolling interests |
| 176 |
|
|
| 205 |
|
|
| 617 |
|
|
| 711 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 377 |
|
|
| 237 |
|
|
| 568 |
|
|
| 441 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Net investment income | $ | 1,161 |
|
| $ | 1,015 |
|
| $ | 3,588 |
|
| $ | 3,769 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 1,906 |
|
| $ | 1,219 |
|
| $ | 3,076 |
|
| $ | 2,427 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Effective income tax rate |
| 13.1 | % |
|
| 16.9 | % |
|
| 14.7 | % |
|
| 15.9 | % |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 16.5 | % |
|
| 16.3 | % |
|
| 15.6 | % |
|
| 15.4 | % |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest and other investmentDividend income declined $55 million (28.1%)increased 58.3% in the thirdsecond quarter and $412 million (47.4%)27.5% in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to same periods2021. The increases in 2020, primarily2022 reflected an overall increase in equity security investments during the first six months of 2022. Dividend income also varies from period to period due to lower incomechanges in the investment portfolio and the frequency and timing of dividends from short-term investments and fixed maturity securities. We continue to hold substantial balances of cash, cash equivalents and U.S. Treasury Bills. We expect that prevailing low interest rates will continue to negatively affect our earnings from such investments and from fixed maturity securities for at least the remainder of 2021. Nevertheless, we believe that maintaining ample liquidity is paramount and we insist on safety over yield with respect to short-term investments.certain investees. Dividend income in 2021 included $26$13 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $101$29 million in the first ninesix months of 2022 and $37 million in the second quarter and $75 million in the first six months of 2021 from investments in preferred stock of Berkshire Hathaway Energy. Such amounts are deducted from earnings of the utilities and energy segment. Dividend
Interest and other investment income may vary from periodincreased 44.3% in the second quarter and 23.7% in the first six months of 2022 compared to periodthe same periods in 2021. The increases were primarily due to changesincreases in the investment portfolioshort-term interest rates. We continue to hold substantial balances of cash, cash equivalents and the frequencyshort-term U.S. Treasury Bills. While exceptionally low interest rates prevailed in recent years, interest rates began to increase during 2022. The effects of such increases are expected to be reflected in our earnings as maturing investments are replaced by new investments. We continue to believe that maintaining ample liquidity is paramount and timingwe insist on safety over yield with respect to short-term investments.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of dividends from certain investees.Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Insurance—Investment Income (Continued)
Invested assets of our insurance businesses derive from shareholder capital and from net liabilities under insurance and reinsurance contracts or “float.” The major components of float are unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses, including liabilities under retroactive reinsurance contracts, life, annuity and health benefit liabilities, unearned premiums and other liabilities due to policyholders, which are reduced by insurance premiums receivable, reinsurance receivables, deferred charges assumed under retroactive reinsurance contracts and deferred policy acquisition costs. Float approximated $145$147 billion at SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and $138 billion at December 31, 2020.2021. Our combined insurance operations generated pre-tax underwriting earnings in the first ninesix months of 20212022 and 2020,2021, and consequently, the average cost of float for each period was negative.
A summary of cash and investments held in our insurance businesses as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and December 31, 20202021 follows (in millions).
|
| September 30, 2021 |
|
| December 31, 2020 |
|
| June 30, 2022 |
|
| December 31, 2021 |
| ||||
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments in U.S. Treasury Bills |
| $ | 89,098 |
|
| $ | 67,082 |
| ||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and U.S. Treasury Bills |
| $ | 58,034 |
|
| $ | 90,688 |
| ||||||||
Equity securities |
|
| 296,038 |
|
|
| 269,498 |
|
|
| 312,777 |
|
|
| 334,907 |
|
Fixed maturity securities |
|
| 18,069 |
|
|
| 20,317 |
|
|
| 21,028 |
|
|
| 16,386 |
|
Other |
|
| 5,119 |
|
|
| 6,220 |
|
|
| 3,421 |
|
|
| 4,296 |
|
|
| $ | 408,324 |
|
| $ | 363,117 |
|
| $ | 395,260 |
|
| $ | 446,277 |
|
Fixed maturity securities as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 were as follows (in millions).
|
| Amortized Cost |
|
| Unrealized Gains |
|
| Carrying Value |
|
| Amortized Cost |
|
| Unrealized Gains (Losses) |
|
| Carrying Value |
| ||||||
U.S. Treasury, U.S. government corporations and agencies |
| $ | 3,349 |
|
| $ | 30 |
|
| $ | 3,379 |
|
| $ | 8,884 |
|
| $ | (152 | ) |
| $ | 8,732 |
|
Foreign governments |
|
| 12,406 |
|
|
| 11 |
|
|
| 12,417 |
|
|
| 10,880 |
|
|
| (107 | ) |
|
| 10,773 |
|
Corporate bonds |
|
| 1,488 |
|
|
| 430 |
|
|
| 1,918 |
|
|
| 981 |
|
|
| 255 |
|
|
| 1,236 |
|
Other |
|
| 304 |
|
|
| 51 |
|
|
| 355 |
|
|
| 260 |
|
|
| 27 |
|
|
| 287 |
|
|
| $ | 17,547 |
|
| $ | 522 |
|
| $ | 18,069 |
|
| $ | 21,005 |
|
| $ | 23 |
|
| $ | 21,028 |
|
U.S. government obligations are rated AA+ or Aaa by the major rating agencies. Approximately 90%94% of all foreign government obligations were rated AA or higher by at least one of the major rating agencies.agencies as of June 30, 2022. Foreign government securities include obligations issued or unconditionally guaranteed by national or provincial government entities.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Railroad
Burlington Northern Santa Fe, LLC (“BNSF”) operates one of the largest railroad systems in North America, with approximatelyover 32,500 route miles of track in 28 states. BNSF also operates in three Canadian provinces. BNSF classifies its major railroad business groups by type of product shipped which includesincluding consumer products, industrial products, agricultural products and coal. A summary of BNSF’s earnings follows (dollars in millions).
|
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
|
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||
Railroad operating revenues |
| $ | 5,591 |
|
| $ | 5,001 |
|
| $ | 16,421 |
|
| $ | 14,698 |
|
| $ | 6,454 |
|
| $ | 5,609 |
|
| $ | 12,231 |
|
| $ | 10,830 |
|
Railroad operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compensation and benefits |
|
| 1,168 |
|
|
| 1,105 |
|
|
| 3,477 |
|
|
| 3,306 |
|
|
| 1,213 |
|
|
| 1,145 |
|
|
| 2,437 |
|
|
| 2,309 |
|
Fuel |
|
| 705 |
|
|
| 394 |
|
|
| 1,948 |
|
|
| 1,335 |
|
|
| 1,276 |
|
|
| 693 |
|
|
| 2,137 |
|
|
| 1,243 |
|
Purchased services |
|
| 510 |
|
|
| 479 |
|
|
| 1,525 |
|
|
| 1,429 |
|
|
| 509 |
|
|
| 510 |
|
|
| 1,008 |
|
|
| 1,015 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
| 608 |
|
|
| 616 |
|
|
| 1,832 |
|
|
| 1,836 |
|
|
| 618 |
|
|
| 608 |
|
|
| 1,242 |
|
|
| 1,224 |
|
Equipment rents, materials and other |
|
| 338 |
|
|
| 393 |
|
|
| 1,262 |
|
|
| 1,219 |
|
|
| 460 |
|
|
| 433 |
|
|
| 986 |
|
|
| 924 |
|
Total |
|
| 3,329 |
|
|
| 2,987 |
|
|
| 10,044 |
|
|
| 9,125 |
|
|
| 4,076 |
|
|
| 3,389 |
|
|
| 7,810 |
|
|
| 6,715 |
|
Railroad operating earnings |
|
| 2,262 |
|
|
| 2,014 |
|
|
| 6,377 |
|
|
| 5,573 |
|
|
| 2,378 |
|
|
| 2,220 |
|
|
| 4,421 |
|
|
| 4,115 |
|
Other revenues (expenses): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other revenues |
|
| 199 |
|
|
| 175 |
|
|
| 579 |
|
|
| 497 |
|
|
| 186 |
|
|
| 200 |
|
|
| 377 |
|
|
| 380 |
|
Other expenses, net |
|
| (176 | ) |
|
| (155 | ) |
|
| (514 | ) |
|
| (436 | ) |
|
| (159 | ) |
|
| (180 | ) |
|
| (329 | ) |
|
| (338 | ) |
Interest expense |
|
| (256 | ) |
|
| (257 | ) |
|
| (775 | ) |
|
| (779 | ) |
|
| (254 | ) |
|
| (261 | ) |
|
| (509 | ) |
|
| (519 | ) |
Pre-tax earnings |
|
| 2,029 |
|
|
| 1,777 |
|
|
| 5,667 |
|
|
| 4,855 |
|
|
| 2,151 |
|
|
| 1,979 |
|
|
| 3,960 |
|
|
| 3,638 |
|
Income taxes |
|
| 491 |
|
|
| 430 |
|
|
| 1,362 |
|
|
| 1,187 |
|
|
| 487 |
|
|
| 463 |
|
|
| 925 |
|
|
| 871 |
|
Net earnings |
| $ | 1,538 |
|
| $ | 1,347 |
|
| $ | 4,305 |
|
| $ | 3,668 |
|
| $ | 1,664 |
|
| $ | 1,516 |
|
| $ | 3,035 |
|
| $ | 2,767 |
|
Effective income tax rate |
|
| 24.2 | % |
|
| 24.2 | % |
|
| 24.0 | % |
|
| 24.5 | % |
|
| 22.6 | % |
|
| 23.4 | % |
|
| 23.4 | % |
|
| 23.9 | % |
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Railroad (Continued)
The following table summarizes BNSF’s railroad freight volumes by business group (cars/units in thousands).
|
| Cars/Units |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Cars/Units |
|
| Percentage Change |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
|
| Percentage Change |
|
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
|
| Second |
| First Six |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| Quarter |
| Months |
| ||||||||||||
Consumer products |
|
| 1,425 |
|
|
| 1,390 |
|
|
| 4,307 |
|
|
| 3,766 |
|
|
| 2.5 | % |
|
| 14.4 | % |
|
| 1,379 |
|
|
| 1,489 |
|
|
| 2,654 |
|
|
| 2,882 |
|
|
| (7.4 | )% |
| (7.9 | )% |
Industrial products |
|
| 443 |
|
|
| 388 |
|
|
| 1,280 |
|
|
| 1,218 |
|
|
| 14.2 |
|
|
| 5.1 |
|
|
| 421 |
|
|
| 438 |
|
|
| 824 |
|
|
| 837 |
|
|
| (3.9 | ) |
| (1.6 | ) |
Agricultural products |
|
| 265 |
|
|
| 293 |
|
|
| 896 |
|
|
| 855 |
|
|
| (9.6 | ) |
|
| 4.8 |
|
|
| 303 |
|
|
| 313 |
|
|
| 608 |
|
|
| 631 |
|
|
| (3.2 | ) |
| (3.6 | ) |
Coal |
|
| 404 |
|
|
| 360 |
|
|
| 1,127 |
|
|
| 1,036 |
|
|
| 12.2 |
|
|
| 8.8 |
|
|
| 373 |
|
|
| 384 |
|
|
| 759 |
|
|
| 723 |
|
|
| (2.9 | ) |
| 5.0 |
|
|
|
| 2,537 |
|
|
| 2,431 |
|
|
| 7,610 |
|
|
| 6,875 |
|
|
| 4.4 |
|
|
| 10.7 |
|
|
| 2,476 |
|
|
| 2,624 |
|
|
| 4,845 |
|
|
| 5,073 |
|
|
| (5.6 | ) |
| (4.5 | ) |
Railroad operating revenues increased 11.8%15.1% in the thirdsecond quarter and 11.7%12.9% in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020. Railroad operating revenues in 2021 reflected higher volumes of 4.4% in the third quarter and 10.7% in the first nine months, as well asprimarily due to a 5.3%21.9% quarter-to-date and a 0.3%17.9% year-to-date increase in average revenue per car/unit. Higherunit resulting from higher fuel surcharge revenue driven by higher fuel prices, along with increased rates per car/unitunit. Railroad operating revenues reflected lower volumes of 5.6% in the second quarter and increased fuel surcharges, principally from higher fuel prices, were offset by business mix changes.4.5% in the first six months of 2022 compared to 2021. Pre-tax earnings were $2.0 billion and $5.7 billionincreased 8.7% in the thirdsecond quarter and 8.9% in the first ninesix months of 2021, respectively, increases of 14.2% and 16.7%, respectively,2022 compared to the corresponding 2020 periods. The COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant economic slowdown that adversely affected our volumes in 2020. Revenue changes were driven by continued improvements from the 2020 effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, partially offset by the ongoing disruptions in the global supply chain.2021.
Operating revenues from consumer products were $2.1$2.5 billion in the thirdsecond quarter and $6.1$4.5 billion in the first ninesix months of 2021,2022, increases of 11.2%17.6% and 16.3%14.1%, respectively, from 2020. Volumes increased 2.5% in the third quarter and 14.4% in the first nine months of 2021, with a2021. The increases reflected higher average revenue per car/unit, partially offset by volume decreases of 7.4% in both periods.the second quarter and 7.9% in the first six months of 2022 as compared to 2021. The volume decreases were primarily due to lower international intermodal shipments resulting from supply chain disruptions, partially offset by modest increases for the first nine months of 2021 resulted from growth in domestic intermodal in both international and domestic shipments driven by increased retail sales, inventory replenishments by retailers and increased e-commerce activity, as well as from growth in automotive shipments.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Railroad (Continued)volumes.
Operating revenues from industrial products were $1.4$1.5 billion in the thirdsecond quarter and $3.9$2.8 billion in the first ninesix months of 2021,2022, increases of 15.2%7.8% and 3.5%6.9%, respectively, from 2020. Volumes increased 14.2% in the third quarter and 5.1% in the first nine months, with a2021. The increases reflected higher average revenue per car/unit, partially offset by volume decreases of 3.9% in the thirdsecond quarter and a lower average revenue per car/unit1.6% in the first ninesix months of 2022 as compared to 2021. The volume increasesdecreases were primarily due to improvementa decrease in petroleum shipments related to lower demand for crude by rail and network challenges, with the decrease in the U.S. industrial economy, driving higher volumes in the construction and building sectors,first six months partially offset by lower petroleumincreased volumes due to unfavorable market conditions in the energy sector.other product categories.
Operating revenues from agricultural products decreased 10.4%were $1.4 billion in the thirdsecond quarter to $1.1 billion and increased 7.1% to $3.6$2.7 billion in the first ninesix months of 2021,2022, increases of 9.1% and 6.4%, respectively, compared to 2021. The increases were primarily attributable to higher average revenue per car/unit, partially offset by decreased volumes of 3.2% in the same periodssecond quarter and 3.6% in 2020.the first six months of 2022 as compared to 2021. The revenue changes reflected volume decreases of 9.6% in the third quarterwere primarily due to lower grain exports, and lower average revenue per car/unit. Volumes increased 4.8% in the first nine months due to higher domestic and export grain shipments,partially offset by higher volumes of ethanolrenewable diesel and related commodities and higher revenue per car/unit.oil feedstocks.
Operating revenues from coal were $867 million$1.0 billion in the thirdsecond quarter and $2.3$1.9 billion in the first ninesix months of 2021,2022, increases of 33.2%30.2% and 18.5%29.9%, respectively, from 2020,2021. The increases were primarily attributable to higher volumes of 12.2% in the third quarter and 8.8% in the first nine months, as well as from higher average revenue per car/unit. Volume increasesVolumes decreased 2.9% in 2021 were attributablethe second quarter primarily due to network challenges, while volumes increased 5.0% in the first six months of 2022 due to increased electricity generation, higher natural gas prices and improved export demand.
Railroad operating expenses were $3.3$4.1 billion in the thirdsecond quarter and $10.0$7.8 billion in the first ninesix months of 2021,2022, increases of $342$687 million (11.4%(20.3%) and $919 million (10.1%$1.1 billion (16.3%), respectively, compared to 2021, primarily due to significant increases in the same periods in 2020. Thecost of fuel, as well as higher compensation and benefits expenses. Our ratio of railroad operating expenses to railroad operating revenues decreased 0.2increased 2.8 percentage points to 59.5%63.2% in the thirdsecond quarter and 0.91.9 percentage points to 61.2%63.9% in the first ninesix months of 20212022 versus the 2020comparable 2021 periods. The increases in railroad operating expenses reflected higher volumes and higher average fuel prices, partially offset by productivity improvements.
Compensation and benefits expenses increased $63$68 million (5.7%(5.9%) in the thirdsecond quarter and $171$128 million (5.2%(5.5%) in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020. The increases were2021, primarily due to increased volumes, partially offset by productivity improvements.wage inflation, health and welfare costs and lower productivity. Fuel expenses increased $311$583 million (78.9%(84.1%) in the thirdsecond quarter and $613$894 million (45.9%(71.9%) in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020,2021, primarily due to higher average fuel prices. Purchased service expenses increased $31 million (6.5%) in the third quarter and $96 million (6.7%) in the first nine months of 2021 compared to 2020, primarily due to higher volumes and the effects of insurance recoveries in 2020 related to 2019 flooding,prices, partially offset by improved productivity. Equipment rents, materialslower volumes.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and other expenses decreased $55 million (14.0%) in the third quarter, primarily due to a gain on land sale,Analysis of Financial Condition and increased $43 million (3.5%) in the first nine monthsResults of 2021 compared to 2020 due to higher volume-related costs.Operations
Utilities and Energy
We currently own 91.1% of the outstanding common stock92% of Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company (“BHE”), which operates a global energy business. BHE’s domestic regulated utility interests are comprised ofinclude PacifiCorp, MidAmerican Energy Company (“MEC”) and NV Energy. In Great Britain, BHE subsidiaries also operate two regulated electricity distribution businesses referred to as Northern Powergrid.Powergrid in Great Britain. BHE’s natural gas pipelines consist of five domestic regulated interstate natural gas pipeline systems and a 25% interest in a liquefied natural gas export, import and storage facility (“LNG interest”), which BHE operates and consolidates for financial reporting purposes. Three of the natural gas pipeline systems and the LNG interest were acquired on November 1, 2020 from Dominion Energy, Inc. (“BHE GT&S”). Other energy businesses include a regulated electricity transmission-only business in Alberta, Canada (“AltaLink, L.P.”) and a diversified portfolio of mostly renewable independent power projects and investments. BHE also operates the largesta residential real estate brokerage firmbusiness and onea large network of the largest residential real estate brokerage franchise networksfranchises in the United States.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Utilities and Energy (Continued)
The rates our regulated businesses charge customers for energy and services are largely based in large part on the costs of business operations, including income taxes and a return on capital, and are subject to regulatory approval. To the extent such costs are not allowed in the approved rates, operating results will be adversely affected. A summary of BHE’s net earnings follows (dollars in millions).
|
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
|
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Energy operating revenue |
| $ | 5,225 |
|
| $ | 4,451 |
|
| $ | 14,375 |
|
| $ | 11,504 |
|
| $ | 4,940 |
|
| $ | 4,301 |
|
| $ | 9,763 |
|
| $ | 9,150 |
|
Real estate operating revenue |
|
| 1,743 |
|
|
| 1,742 |
|
|
| 4,738 |
|
|
| 3,828 |
|
|
| 1,672 |
|
|
| 1,763 |
|
|
| 2,879 |
|
|
| 2,995 |
|
Other income (loss) |
|
| 45 |
|
|
| 33 |
|
|
| (91 | ) |
|
| 60 |
|
|
| (94 | ) |
|
| 21 |
|
|
| (141 | ) |
|
| (136 | ) |
Total revenue |
|
| 7,013 |
|
|
| 6,226 |
|
|
| 19,022 |
|
|
| 15,392 |
|
|
| 6,518 |
|
|
| 6,085 |
|
|
| 12,501 |
|
|
| 12,009 |
|
Costs and expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Energy cost of sales |
|
| 1,385 |
|
|
| 1,169 |
|
|
| 4,064 |
|
|
| 3,095 |
|
|
| 1,525 |
|
|
| 1,110 |
|
|
| 2,985 |
|
|
| 2,679 |
|
Energy operating expense |
|
| 2,132 |
|
|
| 1,952 |
|
|
| 6,302 |
|
|
| 5,301 |
|
|
| 2,343 |
|
|
| 2,134 |
|
|
| 4,496 |
|
|
| 4,170 |
|
Real estate operating costs and expense |
|
| 1,608 |
|
|
| 1,503 |
|
|
| 4,312 |
|
|
| 3,492 |
|
|
| 1,555 |
|
|
| 1,584 |
|
|
| 2,734 |
|
|
| 2,704 |
|
Interest expense |
|
| 513 |
|
|
| 480 |
|
|
| 1,547 |
|
|
| 1,430 |
|
|
| 531 |
|
|
| 518 |
|
|
| 1,046 |
|
|
| 1,034 |
|
Total costs and expense |
|
| 5,638 |
|
|
| 5,104 |
|
|
| 16,225 |
|
|
| 13,318 |
|
|
| 5,954 |
|
|
| 5,346 |
|
|
| 11,261 |
|
|
| 10,587 |
|
Pre-tax earnings |
|
| 1,375 |
|
|
| 1,122 |
|
|
| 2,797 |
|
|
| 2,074 |
|
|
| 564 |
|
|
| 739 |
|
|
| 1,240 |
|
|
| 1,422 |
|
Income tax expense (benefit)* |
|
| (398 | ) |
|
| (412 | ) |
|
| (842 | ) |
|
| (778 | ) |
|
| (421 | ) |
|
| (212 | ) |
|
| (704 | ) |
|
| (444 | ) |
Net earnings after income taxes |
|
| 1,773 |
|
|
| 1,534 |
|
|
| 3,639 |
|
|
| 2,852 |
|
|
| 985 |
|
|
| 951 |
|
|
| 1,944 |
|
|
| 1,866 |
|
Noncontrolling interests of BHE subsidiaries |
|
| 103 |
|
|
| 4 |
|
|
| 311 |
|
|
| 11 |
|
|
| 120 |
|
|
| 102 |
|
|
| 229 |
|
|
| 208 |
|
Net earnings attributable to BHE |
|
| 1,670 |
|
|
| 1,530 |
|
|
| 3,328 |
|
|
| 2,841 |
|
|
| 865 |
|
|
| 849 |
|
|
| 1,715 |
|
|
| 1,658 |
|
Noncontrolling interests and preferred stock dividends |
|
| 174 |
|
|
| 135 |
|
|
| 389 |
|
|
| 252 |
|
|
| 99 |
|
|
| 109 |
|
|
| 199 |
|
|
| 215 |
|
Net earnings attributable to Berkshire Hathaway shareholders |
| $ | 1,496 |
|
| $ | 1,395 |
|
| $ | 2,939 |
|
| $ | 2,589 |
|
| $ | 766 |
|
| $ | 740 |
|
| $ | 1,516 |
|
| $ | 1,443 |
|
Effective income tax rate |
|
| (28.9 | )% |
|
| (36.7 | )% |
|
| (30.1 | )% |
|
| (37.5 | )% |
|
| (74.6 | )% |
|
| (28.7 | )% |
|
| (56.8 | )% |
|
| (31.2 | )% |
* | Includes significant production tax credits from wind-powered electricity generation. |
The discussion of BHE’s operating results that follows is based on after-tax earnings, reflecting how the energy businesses are managed and evaluated. A summary of net earnings attributable to BHE follows (in(dollars in millions).
|
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
|
| Percentage Change |
|
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
|
| Percentage Change |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| Second Quarter |
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||
PacifiCorp |
| $ | 333 |
|
| $ | 286 |
|
| $ | 728 |
|
| $ | 629 |
|
|
| 16.4 | % |
|
| 15.7 | % |
| $ | 83 |
|
| $ | 226 |
|
| $ | 213 |
|
| $ | 395 |
|
|
| (63.3 | )% |
| (46.1 | )% |
MidAmerican Energy Company |
|
| 373 |
|
|
| 337 |
|
|
| 728 |
|
|
| 695 |
|
|
| 10.7 |
|
|
| 4.7 |
|
|
| 204 |
|
|
| 211 |
|
|
| 445 |
|
|
| 355 |
|
|
| (3.3 | ) |
| 25.4 |
|
NV Energy |
|
| 282 |
|
|
| 249 |
|
|
| 416 |
|
|
| 367 |
|
|
| 13.3 |
|
|
| 13.4 |
|
|
| 93 |
|
|
| 100 |
|
|
| 122 |
|
|
| 134 |
|
|
| (7.0 | ) |
| (9.0 | ) |
Northern Powergrid |
|
| 83 |
|
|
| 26 |
|
|
| 162 |
|
|
| 172 |
|
|
| 219.2 |
|
|
| (5.8 | ) |
|
| 71 |
|
|
| (25 | ) |
|
| 182 |
|
|
| 79 |
|
| * |
|
| 130.4 |
| |
Natural gas pipelines |
|
| 144 |
|
|
| 78 |
|
|
| 627 |
|
|
| 321 |
|
|
| 84.6 |
|
|
| 95.3 |
|
|
| 188 |
|
|
| 100 |
|
|
| 497 |
|
|
| 483 |
|
|
| 88.0 |
| 2.9 |
| |
Other energy businesses |
|
| 230 |
|
|
| 207 |
|
|
| 521 |
|
|
| 527 |
|
|
| 11.1 |
|
|
| (1.1 | ) |
|
| 310 |
|
|
| 229 |
|
|
| 483 |
|
|
| 291 |
|
|
| 35.4 |
| 66.0 |
| |
Real estate brokerage |
|
| 102 |
|
|
| 177 |
|
|
| 321 |
|
|
| 246 |
|
|
| (42.4 | ) |
|
| 30.5 |
|
|
| 84 |
|
|
| 135 |
|
|
| 105 |
|
|
| 219 |
|
|
| (37.8 | ) |
| (52.1 | ) |
Corporate interest and other |
|
| 123 |
|
|
| 170 |
|
|
| (175 | ) |
|
| (116 | ) |
|
| (27.6 | ) |
|
| 50.9 |
|
|
| (168 | ) |
|
| (127 | ) |
|
| (332 | ) |
|
| (298 | ) |
|
| 32.3 |
| 11.4 |
| |
|
| $ | 1,670 |
|
| $ | 1,530 |
|
| $ | 3,328 |
|
| $ | 2,841 |
|
|
| 9.2 |
|
|
| 17.1 |
|
| $ | 865 |
|
| $ | 849 |
|
| $ | 1,715 |
|
| $ | 1,658 |
|
|
| 1.9 |
| 3.4 |
|
* | Not meaningful. |
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Utilities and Energy (Continued)
PacifiCorp operates a regulated electric utility in portions of several Western states, including Utah, Oregon and Wyoming. After-tax earnings increased $47decreased $143 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $99$182 million in the first ninesix months of 20212022 as compared to 2020. These2021. The decreases reflected higher operating expenses and lower income tax benefits mainly from lower production tax credits recognized, partially offset by slight increases reflected higherin utility margin (operating revenue less cost of sales), lower operating expenses in the third quarter and increased income tax benefits from the impacts of ratemaking as well as higher production tax credits recognized on new wind-powered generating facilities placed in-service.. The earnings increases were partially offset by higher year-to-date operating expenses and lower allowances for equity and borrowed funds used during construction. The comparative changes in operating expenses reflected increased depreciation expensehigher costs associated with wildfires, higher general and plant maintenance costs and incremental costs from the impacts of a deprecation study effective January 1, 2021, and additional assets placed in-service, offset by costs recognized in the third quarter of 2020 associated with a settlement agreement and wildfires.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Utilities and Energy (Continued)in-service.
PacifiCorp’s utility margin was approximately $1.0 billion$863 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $2.7$1.7 billion in the first ninesix months of 2021,2022, increases of $6 million and $131$20 million, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2020. These2021. The increases reflected higher retailoperating revenue from increasesfavorable retail and wholesale pricing, partially offset by lower operating revenue from decreases in retail customer volumes and higher wholesale and other revenue, partially offset by higher thermal generation and purchased power costs. Retail customer volumes increased 2.1%decreased 3.3% in the thirdsecond quarter and 4.4%0.7% in the first ninesix months of 2021 as2022 compared to 2020,2021, primarily due to higher customer usage, a favorablethe unfavorable impact of weather and lower customer usage, partially offset by an increase in the average number of customers.
MEC operates a regulated electric and natural gas utility primarily in Iowa and Illinois. After-tax earnings increased $36decreased $7 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $33increased $90 million in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020. These increases2021. The increase for the first six months reflected higher electric utility margin and increased income tax benefits, partly offset by higher operating expenses. The increasesincrease in operating expenses included higher costs associated with certain regulatory mechanisms as well as incremental costs associated with additional wind-powered generating facilities placed in-service and higher natural gas distribution costs, partially offset by storm restoration costs recognized in the third quarter of 2020.in-service. The income tax benefit increases wereincrease was mainly due to higher production tax credits recognized on new wind-powered generating facilities placed in-service, partially offset by the impacts of ratemaking.
MEC’s electric utility margin was $691$551 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $1.6$1.0 billion in the first ninesix months of 2021,2022, increases of 13%14% and 8%18%, respectively, versus 2020. These2021. The increases were attributable to higher operating revenue from wholesaleincreased retail and retailwholesale customer volumes and favorable wholesale pricing, partially offset by higher thermal generation and purchased power costs. Electric retail customer volumes increased 5.6%3.3% in the thirdsecond quarter and 6.5%4.4% in the first ninesix months of 20212022 as compared to 2020,2021, primarily due to increasedhigher customer usage by certain industrial customers and the favorable impactsimpact of weather.
NV Energy operates regulated electric and natural gas utilities in Nevada. After-tax earnings increased $33decreased $7 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $49$12 million in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020. These increases2021. The decreases reflected lowerhigher operating expenses lower interest expensefrom increased plant operations and lower income tax expense from the impacts of ratemaking, partially offset by lower electric utility margin. The decreases in operatingmaintenance expenses, were mainly due to lowerhigher comparative accruals for earnings sharing partially offset by higher depreciation expenseand incremental costs from additional assets placed in-service.
NV Energy’s electric utility margin was $621$404 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $1.3 billion$710 million in the first ninesix months of 2021, decreases of 6% and 4%, respectively,2022, relatively unchanged compared to 2020. These decreases were primarily due to revenue reductions from lower base tariff general rates and a favorable regulatory decision in 2020, partially offset by a 4.2% increase in electric2021. Electric retail customer volumes forincreased 0.4% in the second quarter and 2.0% in the first ninesix months of 2022 compared to 2021, price impacts from changes in sales mix andprimarily due to an increase in the average number of customers. The increase in electric retail customer volumes was primarily due tocustomers and higher customer usage, andpartially offset by the favorable impactsunfavorable impact of weather.
Northern Powergrid’s after-tax earnings increased $57$96 million in the thirdsecond quarter and decreased $10$103 million in the first ninesix months of 20212022 as compared to 2020. These changes reflected2021, reflecting the impacts of changesimpact on deferred income taxes in 2021 from an increase in the United Kingdom corporate income tax rate, higher distribution revenue, mainly from increased tariff rates and units distributed, and from favorablepartially offset by unfavorable foreign currency exchange rate movements in 2021.2022. Earnings in the first nine monthseach period of 2021 included deferred income tax expense of $109 million related to the enactment in June 2021 of an increase in the United Kingdom income tax rate from 19% to 25%, effective April 1, 2023, while earnings in each period of 2020 included deferred income tax expense of $35 million related to the enactment in July 2020 of an increase in the income tax rate from 17% to 19%, effective April 1, 2020.2023.
Natural gas pipelines’ after-tax earnings increased $66$88 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $306$14 million in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020. Earnings in 2021 from2021. The increases were primarily due to higher earnings at BHE GT&S, were $74 millionlargely from favorable state income tax adjustments, the impacts of an agreement in the third quarterprinciple related to a general rate case and $247 million in the first nine months. In addition,lower operating expenses. The year-to-date earnings increased from the effects ofincrease was offset by higher margins on natural gas sales and higher transportation revenue at Northern Natural Gas, largelyin the first quarter of 2021 due to increasedan increase in demand fromas a result of the February 2021 winter storms.
Other energy businesses’ after-tax earnings increased $23$81 million in the thirdsecond quarter and decreased $6$192 million in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020.2021. The third quarterincreases in earnings increase was mainly due to higher operating revenue from a transmission investment. The decrease in year-to-date earnings waswere primarily due to a decline inincreased wind tax equity investment earnings of $48$40 million partially offset byin the second quarter and $158 million in the first six months of 2022 as well as from higher operating revenue from owned renewable energy projects. The decreaseincreases in wind tax equity investment earnings was primarily due to increased losses from preexisting tax equity investments of $123 million, largely attributable to the February 2021 winter storms, partially offset byreflected increased income tax benefits from projects reaching commercial operation over the past twelve months. The comparative increase in year-to-date earnings also reflected the impact of significant losses in the first quarter of 2021 on pre-existing tax equity investments due to the February 2021 winter storms.
Real estate brokerage after-tax earnings decreased $51 million in the second quarter and $114 million in the first six months of 2022 compared to 2021. The decreases in earnings were primarily attributable to lower earnings from mortgage services due to a decrease in funded volume and in refinancing activity, and lower earnings from brokerage and settlement services from a decrease in closed units at existing companies.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Utilities and Energy (Continued)
Real estate brokerage after-tax earnings decreased $75 million in the third quarter and increased $75 million in the first nine months of 2021 compared to 2020. The decrease in the third quarter reflected lower earnings from mortgage services due to a decrease in funded volume largely attributable to a decrease in refinance activity. The earnings increase during the first nine months was due to a comparative increase in closed brokerage transaction volumes in 2021.
Corporate interest and other after-tax earnings decreased $47losses increased $41 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $59$34 million in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020,2021, reflecting lower federal income tax credits recognized, changes in operating expenses (lower in the third quarter and higher in the first nine months) and higher interest expense from corporate debt issued in 2020, as well aspartially offset by higher earnings from non-regulated energy services.services in the first six months.
Manufacturing, Service and Retailing
A summary of revenues and earnings of our manufacturing, service and retailing businesses follows (dollars in millions).
| Third Quarter |
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| First Nine Months |
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| Percentage Change |
| Second Quarter |
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| First Six Months |
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| Percentage Change |
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| 2021 |
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| 2020 |
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| 2021 |
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| 2020 |
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| Third Quarter |
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| First Nine Months |
| 2022 |
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| 2021 |
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| 2022 |
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| 2021 |
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| Second Quarter |
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| First Six Months |
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Revenues |
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Manufacturing | $ | 17,496 |
|
| $ | 15,170 |
|
| $ | 50,821 |
|
| $ | 43,238 |
|
|
| 15.3 | % |
|
| 17.5 | % | $ | 19,772 |
|
| $ | 17,412 |
|
| $ | 38,193 |
|
| $ | 33,325 |
|
|
| 13.6 | % |
|
| 14.6 | % | |||
Service and retailing |
| 21,291 |
|
|
| 19,319 |
|
|
| 62,143 |
|
|
| 55,351 |
|
|
| 10.2 |
|
|
| 12.3 |
|
| 22,879 |
|
|
| 21,272 |
|
|
| 44,509 |
|
|
| 40,852 |
|
|
| 7.6 |
|
|
| 9.0 |
| |||
| $ | 38,787 |
|
| $ | 34,489 |
|
| $ | 112,964 |
|
| $ | 98,589 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 42,651 |
|
| $ | 38,684 |
|
| $ | 82,702 |
|
| $ | 74,177 |
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| |||
Pre-tax earnings |
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Manufacturing | $ | 2,445 |
|
| $ | 2,255 |
|
| $ | 7,595 |
|
| $ | 5,765 |
|
|
| 8.4 | % |
|
| 31.7 | % | $ | 3,028 |
|
| $ | 2,714 |
|
| $ | 5,852 |
|
| $ | 5,150 |
|
|
| 11.6 | % |
|
| 13.6 | % | |||
Service and retailing |
| 1,102 |
|
|
| 875 |
|
|
| 3,413 |
|
|
| 1,950 |
|
|
| 25.9 |
|
|
| 75.0 |
|
| 1,275 |
|
|
| 1,270 |
|
|
| 2,492 |
|
|
| 2,311 |
|
|
| 0.4 |
|
|
| 7.8 |
| |||
|
| 3,547 |
|
|
| 3,130 |
|
|
| 11,008 |
|
|
| 7,715 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 4,303 |
|
|
| 3,984 |
|
|
| 8,344 |
|
|
| 7,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Income taxes and noncontrolling interests |
| 841 |
|
|
| 784 |
|
|
| 2,679 |
|
|
| 1,882 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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| 1,054 |
|
|
| 980 |
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|
| 2,070 |
|
|
| 1,838 |
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|
|
|
|
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| |||
Net earnings* | $ | 2,706 |
|
| $ | 2,346 |
|
| $ | 8,329 |
|
| $ | 5,833 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| $ | 3,249 |
|
| $ | 3,004 |
|
| $ | 6,274 |
|
| $ | 5,623 |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
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| |||
Effective income tax rate |
| 22.9 | % |
|
| 24.4 | % |
|
| 23.7 | % |
|
| 24.0 | % |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 24.0 | % |
|
| 24.1 | % |
|
| 24.3 | % |
|
| 24.1 | % |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Pre-tax earnings as a percentage of revenues |
| 9.1 | % |
|
| 9.1 | % |
|
| 9.7 | % |
|
| 7.8 | % |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 10.1 | % |
|
| 10.3 | % |
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| 10.1 | % |
|
| 10.1 | % |
|
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|
|
* | Excludes certain acquisition accounting expenses, |
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Manufacturing, Service and Retailing (Continued)
Manufacturing
Our manufacturing group includes a variety of industrial, building and consumer products businesses. A summary of revenues and pre-tax earnings of our manufacturingthese operations follows (dollars in millions).
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 |
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| 2020 |
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| 2021 |
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| 2020 |
| 2022 |
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| 2021 |
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| 2022 |
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| 2021 |
| ||||||||
Revenues |
|
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Industrial products | $ | 7,192 |
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| $ | 6,173 |
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| $ | 21,050 |
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| $ | 19,320 |
| $ | 7,714 |
|
| $ | 7,186 |
|
| $ | 15,189 |
|
| $ | 13,858 |
|
Building products |
| 6,374 |
|
|
| 5,672 |
|
|
| 18,404 |
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|
| 15,497 |
|
| 7,710 |
|
|
| 6,402 |
|
|
| 14,422 |
|
|
| 12,030 |
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Consumer products |
| 3,930 |
|
|
| 3,325 |
|
|
| 11,367 |
|
|
| 8,421 |
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| 4,348 |
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|
| 3,824 |
|
|
| 8,582 |
|
|
| 7,437 |
|
| $ | 17,496 |
|
| $ | 15,170 |
|
| $ | 50,821 |
|
| $ | 43,238 |
| $ | 19,772 |
|
| $ | 17,412 |
|
| $ | 38,193 |
|
| $ | 33,325 |
|
Pre-tax earnings |
|
|
|
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Industrial products | $ | 1,124 |
|
| $ | 940 |
|
| $ | 3,508 |
|
| $ | 2,781 |
| $ | 1,270 |
|
| $ | 1,242 |
|
| $ | 2,486 |
|
| $ | 2,384 |
|
Building products |
| 833 |
|
|
| 825 |
|
|
| 2,576 |
|
|
| 2,088 |
|
| 1,307 |
|
|
| 973 |
|
|
| 2,451 |
|
|
| 1,743 |
|
Consumer products |
| 488 |
|
|
| 490 |
|
|
| 1,511 |
|
|
| 896 |
|
| 451 |
|
|
| 499 |
|
|
| 915 |
|
|
| 1,023 |
|
| $ | 2,445 |
|
| $ | 2,255 |
|
| $ | 7,595 |
|
| $ | 5,765 |
| $ | 3,028 |
|
| $ | 2,714 |
|
| $ | 5,852 |
|
| $ | 5,150 |
|
Pre-tax earnings as a percentage of revenues |
|
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Industrial products |
| 15.6 | % |
|
| 15.2 | % |
|
| 16.7 | % |
|
| 14.4 | % |
| 16.5 | % |
|
| 17.3 | % |
|
| 16.4 | % |
|
| 17.2 | % |
Building products |
| 13.1 | % |
|
| 14.5 | % |
|
| 14.0 | % |
|
| 13.5 | % |
| 17.0 | % |
|
| 15.2 | % |
|
| 17.0 | % |
|
| 14.5 | % |
Consumer products |
| 12.4 | % |
|
| 14.7 | % |
|
| 13.3 | % |
|
| 10.6 | % |
| 10.4 | % |
|
| 13.0 | % |
|
| 10.7 | % |
|
| 13.8 | % |
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Manufacturing, Service and Retailing (Continued)
Industrial products
The industrial products group includes metal products for aerospace, power and general industrial markets (Precision Castparts Corp. (“PCC”)), specialty chemicals (The Lubrizol Corporation (“Lubrizol”)), complex metal cutting tools/systems (IMC International Metalworking Companies (“IMC”)) and Marmon, which consists of more than 100 autonomous manufacturing and service businesses, including equipmentinternally aggregated into eleven groups, and includes leasing for the rail, intermodal tank container and mobile crane industries, which are internally aggregated into eleven groups.industries. The industrial products group also includes equipment and systems for the livestock and agricultural industries (CTB International) and a variety of industrial products for diverse markets (Scott Fetzer and LiquidPower Specialty Products).
Revenues of the industrial products group in 2021 increased $1.0 billion (16.5%$528 million (7.3%) in the thirdsecond quarter and $1.7$1.3 billion (9.0%(9.6%) in the first ninesix months of 2022 compared to 2020.2021. Pre-tax earnings in 2021 increased $184$28 million (19.6%(2.3%) in the thirdsecond quarter and $727$102 million (26.1%(4.3%) in the first ninesix months of 2022 compared to 2020.2021. Pre-tax earnings as a percentage of revenues for the group were 16.7%16.4% for the first ninesix months of 2021, an increase2022, a decrease of 2.30.8 percentage points compared to 2020.2021. Operating results in 2022 were negatively affected by a combination of higher materials and energy costs, manufacturing inefficiencies attributable to supply chain disruptions and labor shortages and asset impairment charges, which largely offset the impacts of increased average selling prices and increased demand for certain product categories. Operating results of this group’s international businesses were also negatively impacted in 2022 by the stronger U.S. Dollar.
PCC’s revenues were $1.6$1.8 billion in the thirdsecond quarter of 2021, an increase of 6.6% over 2020, while revenuesand $3.6 billion in the first ninesix months decreased 16.4%of 2022, increases of 13.3% in the second quarter and 13.0% in the first six months compared to 2020. Historically,2021. PCC has derivedderives significant revenues and earnings from sales of aerospace products. The COVID-19 pandemic contributedrevenue increases in 2022 were primarily attributable to material declines in commercial air travelhigher demand for aerospace products, and original equipment manufacturing (“OEM”) aircraft production in 2020. to a lesser extent, general industrial products.
While commercial air travel increased in both the U.S. and international markets, traffic remains below pre-COVID-19 pandemic levels, especially for international routes. Long-term industry forecasts continue to show growth and strong demand for air travel and aerospace products. However, further recovery likely will continue to be uneven, attributable in part to travel restrictions imposed from time-to-time to control the spread of variants of the COVID-19 virus, as well as from the changes in supply chain conditions, including the availability of workers.
Commercial aircraft delivery rates by original equipment manufacturers of narrow-body aircraft have rebounded since the onset of the pandemic. However, deliveries of wide-body aircraft remain relatively low, in part attributable to the pause in the U.S. increased in 2021, global demand remains below pre-pandemic levels,Boeing 787 program, as efforts to manage the pandemic continue.it works through production quality issues.
PCC’s pre-tax earnings increased $217$7 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $445$24 million in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020. The increases reflect2021, reflecting the aggressiveimpact of increased revenues, substantially offset by a year-to-date reduction in pension plan income of $29 million, materials and utilities cost inflation and manufacturing inefficiencies attributable to worker shortages. PCC management continues to take actions previously taken by management to resizeimprove operations, maintain safety and restructure operations. We do not expect significant increasesprepare for increased demand for PCC’s products. Growth in PCC’s revenues and earnings will be predicated on the ability to increase production levels to match the significant growth in aerospace revenues or earnings to occur in the near term attributable to relatively low aircraft build rates, inventory levels currently within the industry supply chain and the ongoing impactdemand, as well as resolution of the COVID-19 pandemic on commercial air travel.quality issues associated with the Boeing 787.
Lubrizol’s revenues were approximately $1.6$1.7 billion in the thirdsecond quarter and $5.0$3.4 billion in the first ninesix months of 2021,2022, increases of 9.6%3.5% in the second quarter and 13.4%, respectively, over0.5% in the same periods in 2020.first six months compared to 2021. The revenue increases reflected higher average selling prices, drivenpartially offset by significant increaseslower volumes. Sales volumes through the first half of 2022 were restricted by raw material supply constraints and unplanned temporary maintenance shutdowns, which limited Lubrizol’s production capabilities. The increase in average selling prices was due to escalating prices for raw materials, and other manufacturing costs,including oil feedstocks, as well as higher volumesfor utilities, packaging, shipping and freight costs.
Lubrizol’s pre-tax earnings increased 60.2% in the second quarter and were relatively unchanged in the first nine months. Sales volumessix months of 2022 compared to 2021. Earnings in the Additives product linessecond quarter of 2021 included property losses, asset impairment charges and containment and response costs of approximately $160 million in connection with a fire at its Chemtool facility in Rockton, Illinois in June 2021. Earnings in 2021 were also negatively affectedimpacted by severe winter storms in February 2021, which caused the weather-related temporary shut-down of several U.S.Additives facilities as well as other temporary production shut-downs in the thirdU.S. in the first quarter, of 2021.which resulted in lost sales and various incremental and non-recurring manufacturing and other operating costs. Earnings in 2022 included a comparative increase in insurance recoveries in connection with fires at facilities in 2021 and 2020 and were negatively impacted by rising raw material costs, lower sales volumes, and higher expenses from the unplanned temporary shutdowns, partially offset by higher selling prices.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Manufacturing, Service and Retailing (Continued)
Industrial products (Continued)
Lubrizol’s pre-tax earnings decreased 76.9% in the third quarter and 39.0% in the first nine months of 2021 compared to 2020. Earnings in 2021 were negatively impacted by significant losses related to a fire in June 2021 at a facility of Chemtool Incorporated, a Lubrizol subsidiary, located in Rockton, Illinois and impairment charges in the third quarter related to an underperforming business in the Advanced Materials product lines. These losses and charges aggregated $73 million in the third quarter and $229 million in the first nine months of 2021. Earnings in 2021 were also negatively impacted by the effects of accelerating raw material costs and the previously mentioned temporary shut-down of Additives production, which resulted in lost sales and incremental manufacturing costs.
Marmon’s revenues were $2.6$2.8 billion in the thirdsecond quarter and $7.2$5.4 billion in the first ninesix months of 2021,2022, increases of 30.0%10.3% in the second quarter and 26.3%, respectively,17.5% in the first six months compared to 2020.2021. The Transportation, Metal Services, Retail and Electrical groups generated significant revenue increases werein the first six months of 2022, primarily dueattributable to higher metal pricesvolumes and average metals prices. These groups contributed approximately 70% of Marmon’s aggregate revenue increase in the Electrical, Metal Services and Plumbing & Refrigeration groups and higher volumes in most of first six months.
Marmon’s other business groups, particularly those serving the construction, automotive, heavy-duty truck and restaurant markets. These increases were partially offset by the impact of divestitures and business closurespre-tax earnings decreased 5.8% in the Water Technologiessecond quarter and Retail Solutions groups and a year-to-date declineincreased 14.6% in the first six months of 2022 compared to 2021. Earnings in the second quarter of 2022 included losses of approximately $90 million in the Rail & Leasing group revenues.
Marmon’s pre-tax earningsrelated to the shutdown of its business in 2021 increased $106 million (38.3%) in the third quarter and $268 million (33.5%) inRussia. In the first nine months compared to 2020. Earnings in the first ninesix months of 2021 reflected2022, the Transportation, Metal Services, Retail, Electrical and Industrial Products groups contributed meaningful increases in earnings, due to a combination of higher earnings across several business groups,sales volumes and margins and ongoing cost management, partially offset by lower earnings from the Rail & Leasing and Water Technologies groups.group.
IMC’s revenues were $862$930 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $2.7$1.9 billion in the first ninesix months of 2021,2022, increases of 23.4%1.7% in the thirdsecond quarter and 22.2%5.0% in the first ninesix months compared to 2020.2021. Revenues in the first nine months of 20212022 reflected improving business conditionsincreased sales in mostseveral geographic regions, partially offset by lower revenues in Asia and favorableunfavorable foreign currency translation effects. IMC’s pre-tax earnings increased 59.4%decreased 9.6% in the thirdsecond quarter and 63.6%1.0% in the first ninesix months of 2022 compared to 2021, versus 2020, primarily attributable toas the revenue increases were more than offset by higher customer demand, improved manufacturing efficiencies, operating cost management saving initiativesraw material costs and favorableunfavorable foreign currency translation effects.
Building products
The building products group includes manufactured and site-built home construction and related lending and financial services (Clayton Homes), flooring (Shaw), insulation, roofing and engineered products (Johns Manville), bricks and masonry products (Acme Building Brands), paint and coatings (Benjamin Moore) and residential and commercial construction and engineering products and systems (MiTek).
Revenues of the building products group increased $702 million (12.4%$1.3 billion (20.4%) in the thirdsecond quarter and $2.9$2.4 billion (18.8%(19.9%) in the first ninesix months of 20212022 and pre-tax earnings increased $334 million (34.3%) in the second quarter and $708 million (40.6%) in the first six months of 2022 compared to 2020.2021. Residential housinghome construction in the U.S. wascontinued to be relatively strong during 2020 and throughthroughout the first nine monthshalf of 2021. However,2022. During the effectsfirst half of 2022, interest rates in the U.S. increased significantly compared to the previous low-rate environment. The increases in home mortgage interest rates will very likely slow demand for new home construction, which could adversely impact our businesses. We also continue to be negatively affected by persistent supply chain disruptions limited our sales and contributed to production delays and significant cost increases for keymany raw materials and other inputs, including lumber, steel, petrochemical-based materials, energy, freight labor and fixtures. These effects necessitated sales price increases.labor.
Clayton Homes’ revenues were approximately $2.6increased 28.1% to $3.4 billion in the thirdsecond quarter and $7.625.0% to $6.2 billion in the first ninesix months of 2021, increases of $317 million (13.7%) and $1.5 billion (24.5%), respectively,2022 compared to 2020.2021. Revenues from home sales increased $297 million (16.6%) in the third quarter and $1.4$1.2 billion (29.4%(30.5%) in the first ninesix months of 2021, reflecting a net increase in units sold,2022, primarily due to higher average selling prices and increased revenue pervolume. New home sold and changes inunit sales mix. Unit sales of site-built homesalso increased 22.7%9.8% in the first ninesix months of 2021, while2022, reflecting an 11.3% increase in higher factory-built manufactured home unit sales increased 4.5%. Unit sales ofand a 3.1% increase in site-built homes declined in the third quarter of 2021 versus 2020, attributable to longer construction periods arising from supply chain constraints and labor shortages.home unit sales. Financial services revenues, which include mortgage origination and services, insurance and interest income from lending activities, increased 9.6%4.3% in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020.2021. Loan balances, net of allowances for credit losses, were approximately $18.3$20.0 billion as of SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, an increase of approximately $1.2 billion from December 31, 2021.
Pre-tax earnings of Clayton Homes increased $168 million (36.9%) in the second quarter and $262 million (30.9%) in the first six months of 2022 compared to December 31, 2020.2021. Earnings in 2022 reflected higher home sales, gross margins and net interest income and relatively low credit losses.
Aggregate revenues of our other building products businesses were approximately $3.7$4.3 billion in the thirdsecond quarter and $10.8$8.2 billion in the first ninesix months of 2021,2022, increases of $385$555 million (11.5%(14.9%) in the second quarter and $1.4$1.1 billion (15.0%(16.3%), respectively, in the first six months versus 2020.2021. The increases were primarily due to higher average selling prices driven by higher input and supply chaintransportation costs, as well asand to a lesser extent, from higher unit volumes for paint and coatingsproduct mix changes.
Pre-tax earnings of our other building products businesses increased $166 million (32.1%) in the second quarter and certain residential flooring, insulation$446 million (49.8%) in the first six months of 2022 compared to 2021. Earnings as a percentage of revenues in the first six months of 2022 increased 3.7 percentage points versus 2021. Year-to-date earnings in 2022 benefitted from an increase in pre-tax gains from a business divestiture and engineered products.asset sales of $111 million, primarily in the first quarter. The increase in earnings in 2022 also reflected the impact of severe winter storms in the first quarter of 2021, which reduced sales and produced incremental production and other operating costs in the first half of 2021.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Manufacturing, Service and Retailing(Continued)
Building products (Continued)
Pre-tax earnings of our building products group were relatively unchanged in the third quarter of 2021 versus 2020, while earnings increased $488 million (23.4%) in the first nine months. Pre-tax earnings of Clayton Homes were $391 million in the third quarter and $1.2 billion in the first nine months of 2021, increases of $52 million (15.3%) and $380 million (44.2%), respectively, compared to 2020. Earnings in the first nine months of 2021 reflected higher earnings from home sales, mortgage originations, net interest income and a decline of $116 million in the provision for expected credit losses, partially offset by the impact of rising manufacturing and supply chain costs. The provision for expected credit losses in the first nine months of 2020 were unusually high and included provisions for the expected impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The comparative decline in the provision for expected credit losses is due to fewer actual and anticipated loan foreclosures.
Pre-tax earnings of our other building products businesses declined $45 million (9.2%) in the third quarter and increased $108 million (8.8%) in the first nine months of 2021 compared to the same periods in 2020. Earnings as a percentage of revenues decreased 2.7 percentage points in the third quarter and 0.7 percentage points in the first nine months of 2021 versus 2020. While customer demand was generally strong, reduced availability of materials and other product inputs from supply chain disruptions negatively affected sales and operating results. Higher materials costs, reduced availability of certain materials and freight services and higher restructuring and impairment charges reduced our pre-tax margin rates in 2021.
Consumer products
The consumer products group includes leisure vehicles (Forest River), several apparel and footwear operations (including Fruit of the Loom, Garan, Fechheimer, H.H. Brown Shoe Group and Brooks Sports) and high-performance batteries (Duracell). This group also includes custom picture framing products (Larson-Juhl) and jewelry products (Richline).
Consumer products group revenues increased approximately $605$524 million (18.2%(13.7%) in the thirdsecond quarter and $2.9$1.1 billion (35.0%(15.4%) in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020. Revenues2021, reflecting higher revenues from Forest River and lower revenues from apparel and footwear businesses. Forest River’s revenues increased 24.7%34.1% in the thirdsecond quarter and 45.3%37.0% in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020,2021, driven by higher average selling prices and a 5.3% year-to-date increase in unit sales. Forest River experienced exceptional sales increasegrowth in recent years, however there are signs of 37.5% in recreational vehicles.slowing demand which could reverse that trend. Revenues in 2021 were, in general, significantly higher at several of our otherapparel and footwear businesses that were severely impacted bydeclined $93 million (7.2%) in the pandemicsecond quarter and $137 million (5.4%) in the first halfsix months of 2020. Apparel and footwear2022 compared to 2021, reflecting lower revenues increased 18.5%from apparel (15.5% in the thirdsecond quarter and 35.4%10.1% in the first nine months of 2021 comparedsix months), partly offset by higher revenues from footwear. The declines in apparel revenues were driven by lower volumes, as retail customers reduced orders in response to 2020, reflecting significant comparative increases in unit sales, attributable in part to inventory restocking by certain customers and increased consumer demand.rising inventories.
Pre-tax earnings of our consumer products group were substantially unchangeddeclined $48 million (9.6%) in the thirdsecond quarter and increased $615$108 million (68.6%(10.6%) in the first ninesix months of 20212022 versus 2020.2021. Pre-tax earnings as a percentage of revenues decreased 2.3 percentage points in the third quarter and increased 2.73.1 percentage points in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020. Earnings2021. The declines in the third quarterearnings in 2022 reflected higherlower aggregate earnings at Forest River offset by lower earnings from Duracell and the apparel and footwear businesses. The comparative increase in pre-tax earnings for the first nine months reflected significant earnings increases at all of our businesses, driven by Forest River, the apparel and footwear businesses, partially offset by higher earnings from Forest River. Forest River’s earnings increases were primarily due to the increases in sales, partly offset by higher materials costs. Apparel and Duracell.footwear earnings declined about 50% in the second quarter and in the first half of 2022 compared to 2021. Our consumer productsapparel businesses are also experiencing cost increases attributable towere negatively impacted by lower sales volumes, reduced manufacturing efficiencies and higher input costs, including raw material, freight, labor and other operating costs. While supply chain disruptions.
Item 2. Management’s Discussionrestrictions eased somewhat in the second quarter of 2022, we expect that the operating earnings of these businesses for the remainder of 2022 will be likely lower, due to slowing demand and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Manufacturing, Service and Retailing (Continued)high costs.
Service and retailing
A summary of revenues and pre-tax earnings (loss) of our service and retailing businesses follows (dollars in millions).
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||
Revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Service | $ | 4,131 |
|
| $ | 3,068 |
|
| $ | 11,718 |
|
| $ | 9,093 |
| $ | 4,737 |
|
| $ | 3,982 |
|
| $ | 9,260 |
|
| $ | 7,587 |
|
Retailing |
| 4,548 |
|
|
| 4,211 |
|
|
| 13,896 |
|
|
| 11,179 |
|
| 4,880 |
|
|
| 4,995 |
|
|
| 9,472 |
|
|
| 9,348 |
|
McLane Company |
| 12,612 |
|
|
| 12,040 |
|
|
| 36,529 |
|
|
| 35,079 |
| |||||||||||||||
McLane |
| 13,262 |
|
|
| 12,295 |
|
|
| 25,777 |
|
|
| 23,917 |
| |||||||||||||||
| $ | 21,291 |
|
| $ | 19,319 |
|
| $ | 62,143 |
|
| $ | 55,351 |
| $ | 22,879 |
|
| $ | 21,272 |
|
| $ | 44,509 |
|
| $ | 40,852 |
|
Pre-tax earnings (loss) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Pre-tax earnings |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Service | $ | 696 |
|
| $ | 470 |
|
| $ | 2,013 |
|
| $ | 1,155 |
| $ | 756 |
|
| $ | 727 |
|
| $ | 1,480 |
|
| $ | 1,317 |
|
Retailing |
| 414 |
|
|
| 309 |
|
|
| 1,221 |
|
|
| 590 |
|
| 443 |
|
|
| 459 |
|
|
| 854 |
|
|
| 807 |
|
McLane Company |
| (8 | ) |
|
| 96 |
|
|
| 179 |
|
|
| 205 |
| |||||||||||||||
McLane |
| 76 |
|
|
| 84 |
|
|
| 158 |
|
|
| 187 |
| |||||||||||||||
| $ | 1,102 |
|
| $ | 875 |
|
| $ | 3,413 |
|
| $ | 1,950 |
| $ | 1,275 |
|
| $ | 1,270 |
|
| $ | 2,492 |
|
| $ | 2,311 |
|
Pre-tax earnings (loss) as a percentage of revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Pre-tax earnings as a percentage of revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Service |
| 16.8 | % |
|
| 15.3 | % |
|
| 17.2 | % |
|
| 12.7 | % |
| 16.0 | % |
|
| 18.3 | % |
|
| 16.0 | % |
|
| 17.4 | % |
Retailing |
| 9.1 | % |
|
| 7.3 | % |
|
| 8.8 | % |
|
| 5.3 | % |
| 9.1 | % |
|
| 9.2 | % |
|
| 9.0 | % |
|
| 8.6 | % |
McLane Company |
| (0.1 | )% |
|
| 0.8 | % |
|
| 0.5 | % |
|
| 0.6 | % | |||||||||||||||
McLane |
| 0.6 | % |
|
| 0.7 | % |
|
| 0.6 | % |
|
| 0.8 | % |
Service
Our service business group offersconsists of several businesses. The largest of these businesses are NetJets and FlightSafety (aviation services), which offer shared ownership programs for general aviation aircraft (NetJets) and high technology training products and services to operators of aircraft, (FlightSafety). We also distribute electronic components (TTI),and TTI, a distributor of electronics components. Our other service businesses franchise and service a network of quick service restaurants (Dairy Queen), lease transportation equipment (XTRA) and offerfurniture (CORT), provide third party logistics services that primarily serve the petroleum and chemical industries (Charter Brokerage). Other service businesses include transportation equipment leasing (XTRA), furniture leasing (CORT),distribute electronic news, distribution, multimedia and regulatory filings (Business Wire) and the operation ofoperate a television station in Miami, Florida (WPLG).
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Manufacturing, Service and Retailing (Continued)
Service (Continued)
Service group revenues increased $1.1 billion (34.6%$755 million (19.0%) in the thirdsecond quarter and $2.6$1.7 billion (28.9%(22.1%) in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020.2021. Revenues from TTI increased 45.3%16.3% in the thirdsecond quarter and 40.9%22.3% in the first ninesix months of 2022 versus 2021, versus 2020. The increases reflected acceleratingreflecting strong demand acrossin nearly all significant markets, as customers attemptmarkets. During the second quarter, we saw signs that growth is beginning to maintain adequate inventoriesdecelerate, in responsepart attributable to high demand for components in end products andhigher inventory levels within the supply chain disruptions.chain. Revenues from aviation services (NetJets and FlightSafety) increased 31.0%22.6% in the thirdsecond quarter and 25.4%23.0% in the first ninesix months of 2021 over low 2020 levels, primarily2022 compared to 2021. The increases reflected year-to-date increases in training hours (29%), customer flight hours (25%) and fuel surcharges to customers due to higher training hours and significantly higher customer flight hours.significant increases in fuel prices, partially offset by the effects from changes in sales mix.
Pre-tax earnings of the service group increased $226$29 million (48.1%(4.0%) in the thirdsecond quarter and $858$163 million (74.3%(12.4%) in the first ninesix months of 2021 versus 2020.2022 compared to 2021. Pre-tax earnings as a percentage of revenues increased 1.5 percentage points in the third quarter and 4.5decreased 1.4 percentage points in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020.2021. The increaseincreases in earnings for the third quarter was primarily due to TTI. Earnings at most of our service businesses increased significantly in the first nine months of 2021 compared to 2020, with the largestreflected increases from TTI and theCORT and decreases from aviation services businesses.services. The increases in year-to-date earnings from NetJets and FlightSafety were primarily attributable to improved operating margins from higher volume, changes in business mix, increased operating efficiencies and the effects of past restructuring efforts. TTI’s earnings increasesTTI were primarily attributable to the increases in sales and improved operating cost leverage. The decreases in earnings from aviation services were attributable to the need to utilize more subcontracted aircraft due to the exceptional increase in customer flight hours, and from higher equipment maintenance and other operating costs, which more than offset the increases in revenues.
Retailing
Our largest retailing business is Berkshire Hathaway Automotive, Inc. (“BHA”), whichrepresenting 65% of our combined retailing revenue in the first six months of 2022. BHA consists of over 80 auto dealerships that sell new and pre-owned automobiles and offer repair services and related products. BHA represents about 64% of our combined retailing revenues in the first nine months of 2021. BHA also operates two insurance businesses, two auto auctions and an automotive fluid maintenance products distributor. Our retailing businesses also include four home furnishings retailing businesses (Nebraska Furniture Mart, R.C. Willey, Star Furniture and Jordan’s), which sell furniture, appliances, flooring and electronics and represent about 21%electronics. The home furnishings group represented 20% of the combined retailing revenues in the first ninesix months of 2021. 2022.
Other retailing businesses include three jewelry retailing businesses (Borsheims, Helzberg and Ben Bridge), See’s Candies (confectionary products), Pampered Chef (high quality kitchen tools), Oriental Trading Company (party supplies, school supplies and toys and novelties) and Detlev Louis Motorrad (“Louis”), a Germany-based retailer of motorcycle accessories.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Manufacturing, Service and Retailing (Continued)
Retailing (Continued)accessories based in Germany.
Retailing group revenues increased approximately $337decreased $115 million (8.0%(2.3%) in the thirdsecond quarter and $2.7 billion (24.3%) in the first nine months of 2021 compared to 2020. BHA’s revenues in the third quarter and first nine months of 2021 increased 9.8% and 22.2%, respectively, over 2020, primarily due to increases in pre-owned vehicle unit sales, higher volumes of new auto sales$124 million (1.3%) in the first six months and higher average selling prices. New auto unit sales declined significantly in the third quarter of 2021, reflecting inventory shortages caused by supply chain disruption at OEMs. Home furnishings group revenues increased 11.7% in the third quarter and 27.5% in the first nine months of 2021 as2022 compared to 2020 attributable to higher consumer demand and higher average selling prices.
Pre-tax earnings increased $105 million (34.0%)2021. BHA’s revenues in the third quarter and $631 million (106.9%) in the first nine months of 2021 compared to 2020. Operating results of our retailing businesses were severely impacted by the pandemic beginning in March of 2020 and continued through the second quarter of 2020. Over the second half of 2020declined 1.0% and throughincreased 3.8% in the first six months of 2021,2022 compared to the same periods in 2021. BHA’s revenues from new and pre-tax earnings of these businesses increased, and in certain instances increased to levels exceeding those in pre-pandemic periods. Resultsused vehicle sales decreased 2.7% in the thirdsecond quarter of 2021 moderated somewhat relative toand increased 2.8% in the first six months reflectingof 2022 compared to 2021. Revenues from service and repair and finance and service contract revenues each increased versus 2021. Revenues from vehicle sales reflected higher average vehicle transaction prices, partly offset by lower unit sales. Unit sales continue to be constrained by low new vehicle production by original equipment manufacturers, attributable to the effects ofongoing global computer chip shortages and other supply chain disruptions, which,disruptions. Home furnishings group revenues were relatively unchanged in particular, worsened with respectthe second quarter and in the first six months of 2022 compared to new automobiles.2021, as higher average selling prices were substantially offset by lower transaction volumes.
Retailing group pre-tax earnings decreased $16 million (3.5%) in the second quarter and increased $47 million (5.8%) in the first six months of 2022 compared to 2021. BHA’s pre-tax earnings increased 26.2%17.2% in the thirdsecond quarter and 47.3%21.7% in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020,2021, primarily due to increases in vehicle salesgross profit margins and earnings from finance and service contract activities, as well as from lower floorplan interest expense, primarily attributable to significant declines in inventory levels,earnings per vehicle sold and from operating cost control efforts. Over the remainder of 2022, BHA’s comparative new vehicle gross profit margin rates may decline compared to 2021, as the current environment of elevated margins began during the second half of 2021. Aggregate pre-tax earnings for the remainder of our retailing group increased $63decreased $52 million (20.8%) in the thirdsecond quarter and $447$35 million (8.0%) in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020. The initial effects of the pandemic in 2020 were severe for most of our other retailers2021, primarily due to declining earnings from the restricted operations at many of those businesses during the first half of 2020. Results in 2021 also benefitted from relatively strong consumer demandfurniture retailers and the effects of restructuring efforts in 2020.Pampered Chef.
McLane Company
McLane operates a wholesale distribution business that provides grocery and non-food consumer products to retailers and convenience stores (“grocery”) and to restaurants (“foodservice”). McLane also operates businesses that are wholesale distributors of distilled spirits, wine and beer (“beverage”). The grocery and foodservice businesses generate high sales and very low profit margins. These businesses have several significant customers, including Walmart, 7-Eleven, Yum! Brands and others. Grocery sales typically comprise about two-thirdscomprised 61% of McLane’s consolidated sales in the first six months of 2022, with foodservice comprising muchrepresenting most of the remainder. A curtailment of purchasing by any of its significant customers could have an adverse impact on McLane’s periodic revenues and earnings. The grocery
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and foodservice businesses continue to operate in an intensely competitive business environment.Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Manufacturing, Service and Retailing (Continued)
McLane Company (Continued)
Revenues increased $572$967 million (4.8%(7.9%) in the thirdsecond quarter and $1.45$1.9 billion (4.1%(7.8%) in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020. Revenues2021, reflecting increases in the first six months of 2022 of 3.4% from the grocery business were relatively unchanged over the first nine months of 2021, while revenuesand 16.5% from the foodservice and beverage businesses increased 10.9% and 21.1%, respectively, compared to the first nine months of 2020. The foodservice business was significantly impacted by pandemic-related restaurant closures in 2020.
business. Pre-tax earnings decreased $104$8 million (9.5%) in the thirdsecond quarter and $26$29 million (15.5%) in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to 2020. The decreases were2021, primarily attributable to higher personnel costs, fuel expense and fuel expense. McLane’s operations have been adversely affectedinsurance costs, partly offset by supply chain disruptions, including shortages of truck drivers, affecting inventory and customer deliveries. There is increased competition for drivers within the trucking industry.gross sales margins. The increase in fuel expense was primarily attributable to significant increases in petroleum prices. McLane’s grocery and food service operating results continue to be adversely affected by supply chain constraints, including the effects of labor and truck driver shortages and higher inventory costs. We expect the current difficult operating environment to continue for the remainder of 2022.
Investment and Derivative Contract Gains/Losses
A summary of investment and derivative contract gains/losses follows (dollars in millions).
|
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
| ||||||||||
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| ||||
Investment gains/losses |
| $ | 4,851 |
|
| $ | 31,625 |
|
| $ | 37,235 |
|
| $ | 2,032 |
|
Derivative contract gains/losses |
|
| 70 |
|
|
| (43 | ) |
|
| 780 |
|
|
| (640 | ) |
Gains/losses before income taxes and noncontrolling interests |
|
| 4,921 |
|
|
| 31,582 |
|
|
| 38,015 |
|
|
| 1,392 |
|
Income taxes and noncontrolling interests |
|
| 1,043 |
|
|
| 6,845 |
|
|
| 8,036 |
|
|
| 627 |
|
Net earnings |
| $ | 3,878 |
|
| $ | 24,737 |
|
| $ | 29,979 |
|
| $ | 765 |
|
Effective income tax rate |
|
| 20.7 | % |
|
| 21.3 | % |
|
| 20.9 | % |
|
| 35.1 | % |
|
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||
Investment gains (losses) |
| $ | (66,854 | ) |
| $ | 27,173 |
|
| $ | (68,589 | ) |
| $ | 32,384 |
|
Derivative contract gains (losses) |
|
| (65 | ) |
|
| 221 |
|
|
| (308 | ) |
|
| 710 |
|
Gains (losses) before income taxes and noncontrolling interests |
|
| (66,919 | ) |
|
| 27,394 |
|
|
| (68,897 | ) |
|
| 33,094 |
|
Income taxes and noncontrolling interests |
|
| (13,881 | ) |
|
| 5,986 |
|
|
| (14,279 | ) |
|
| 6,993 |
|
Net earnings (loss) |
| $ | (53,038 | ) |
| $ | 21,408 |
|
| $ | (54,618 | ) |
| $ | 26,101 |
|
Effective income tax rate |
|
| 21.0 | % |
|
| 21.4 | % |
|
| 20.8 | % |
|
| 20.9 | % |
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Investment and Derivative Contract Gains/Losses (Continued)
Investment gains/losses
Unrealized gains and losses arising from changes in market prices of investments in equity securities are included in our reported earnings, which significantly increases the volatility of our periodic net earnings due to the magnitude of our equity securities portfolio and the inherent volatility of equity securities prices. Unrealized gains and losses also include the effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on investments in non-U.S. issuers that are held by our U.S. based subsidiaries. Pre-tax investment gains/losses included net unrealized gainslosses of $4.8$66.9 billion in the thirdsecond quarter and $36.2$68.5 billion in the first ninesix months of 20212022 compared to net unrealized gains of $30.8$27.0 billion in the thirdsecond quarter and $16.5$31.5 billion in the first ninesix months of 20202021 on securities we held at the end of the applicable period. Investment Taxable investment gains/losses from market value changes in the first nine months of 2020 on equity securities sold in 2020 were $13.9 billion.
Taxable investment gains on equity securities sold, which is generally the difference between sales proceeds and the original cost basis of the securities sold, were $0.9 billionsold. Sales of equity securities produced taxable gains of $76 million in the thirdsecond quarter and $2.9taxable losses of $663 million in the first six months of 2022 compared to taxable gains of $228 million in the second quarter and $2.0 billion in the first ninesix months of 2021. Taxable investment gains on equity securities were $3.9 billion in the third quarter and $0.7 billion in the first nine months of 2020.
We believe that investment gains/losses, whether realized from sales or unrealized from changes in market prices, are often meaningless in terms of understanding our reported consolidated earnings or evaluating our periodic economic performance. We continue to believe the investment gains/losses recorded in earnings in any given period has little analytical or predictive value.
Derivative contract gains/losses
Derivative contract gains/losses include the changes in fair value of our few remaining equity index put option contract liabilities, which relate to contracts that were originated prior to Marchbetween 2004 and 2008. The periodicgains and losses from the changes in the fair values of these liabilities are recorded in earnings and can be significant due to the volatility of market prices in the underlyingrelated equity securities markets. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, the intrinsic value of our remaining equity index put option contracts was $83$179 million and our recorded liability at fair value was $286$186 million. Our ultimate payment obligations, if any, under these contracts will be determined as of the contract expiration dates based on the intrinsic value as defined underin the contracts.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Other
A summary of after-tax other earnings/losses follows (in millions).
| Third Quarter |
|
| First Nine Months |
| Second Quarter |
|
| First Six Months |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2022 |
|
| 2021 |
| ||||||||
Equity method earnings | $ | 310 |
|
| $ | 244 |
|
| $ | 665 |
|
| $ | 346 |
| $ | 205 |
|
| $ | 141 |
|
| $ | 512 |
|
| $ | 355 |
|
Acquisition accounting expenses |
| (169 | ) |
|
| (195 | ) |
|
| (532 | ) |
|
| (593 | ) |
| (162 | ) |
|
| (183 | ) |
|
| (323 | ) |
|
| (363 | ) |
Goodwill and intangible asset impairments |
| — |
|
|
| (19 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (10,369 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Corporate interest expense, before foreign currency effects |
| (75 | ) |
|
| (80 | ) |
|
| (232 | ) |
|
| (252 | ) |
| (67 | ) |
|
| (77 | ) |
|
| (137 | ) |
|
| (157 | ) |
Foreign currency exchange rate gains (losses) on Berkshire and BHFC non-U.S. Dollar senior notes |
| 196 |
|
|
| (412 | ) |
|
| 676 |
|
|
| (329 | ) |
| 1,061 |
|
|
| (45 | ) |
|
| 1,583 |
|
|
| 480 |
|
Income tax expense adjustments |
| — |
|
|
| (60 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| (60 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Other |
| 87 |
|
|
| 32 |
|
|
| 76 |
|
|
| 363 |
|
| 80 |
|
|
| (5 | ) |
|
| 159 |
|
|
| (11 | ) |
| $ | 349 |
|
| $ | (490 | ) |
| $ | 653 |
|
| $ | (10,894 | ) | $ | 1,117 |
|
| $ | (169 | ) |
| $ | 1,794 |
|
| $ | 304 |
|
After-tax equity method earnings include our proportionate share of earnings attributable to our investments in Kraft Heinz, Pilot, Berkadia, and Electric Transmission of Texas. Our after-taxTexas and Iroquois Gas Transmission Systems. Equity method earnings increased $157 million in the first six months of 2022 versus 2021, primarily due to higher earnings from Kraft Heinz were $168 million for the third quarter and $323 million for the first nine months of 2021. Our Kraft Heinz investment produced after-tax earnings of $142 million for the third quarter and an after-tax loss of $56 million for the first nine months of 2020, which included after-tax losses of $59 million in the third quarter and $611 million in the first nine months associated with goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges recorded by Kraft Heinz.Pilot.
After-tax acquisition accounting expenses include charges arising from the application of the acquisition method in connection with certain of Berkshire’s past business acquisitions. Such charges arise primarily from the amortization of intangible assets recorded in connection with those business acquisitions. Goodwill and intangible asset impairments in the first nine months of 2020 included $9.8 billion attributable to impairments of goodwill and certain identifiable intangible assets recorded in connection with our acquisition of PCC in 2016.
Foreign currency exchange rate gains and losses pertain to Berkshire’s Euro and Japanese Yen denominated debt and BHFC’s Euro and Great Britain Pound denominated debt. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates produce unrealized gains and losses from the periodic revaluation of these liabilities into U.S. Dollars. In 2022, we recorded significant foreign currency exchange rate gains on these debt issues, due to strengthening of the U.S. Dollar, which reduced the U.S Dollar carrying value of the debt. These gains were largely offset by losses included in investment gains/losses, pertaining to non-U.S. Dollar denominated investments held by our U.S. based subsidiaries. The gains and losses recorded in any given period can be significant due to the magnitude of the borrowings and the inherent volatility in foreign currency exchange rates.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion Other earnings/loss consist primarily of Berkshire parent company investment income and Analysiscorporate expenses, other intercompany interest income where the interest expense is included in earnings of Financial Conditionthe operating businesses and Results of Operationsunallocated income taxes.
Financial Condition
Our consolidated balance sheetConsolidated Balance Sheet continues to reflect very significant liquidity and a very strong capital base. Consolidated shareholders’ equity attributable to Berkshire shareholders at SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 was $472$461.2 billion, an increasea decrease of $29.3$45.0 billion since December 31, 2020.2021. Net earningsloss attributable to Berkshire shareholders were $50.1was $38.3 billion in the first ninesix months of 2021 and2022, which included after-tax gainslosses on our investments of approximately $29.4 billion. Changes$54.4 billion, substantially all of which occurred in the second quarter. Investment gains and losses from changes in the market prices of our investments in equity securities canwill produce significant volatility in our earnings.
Berkshire’s common stock repurchase program, as amended, permits Berkshire to repurchase its Class A and Class B shares at prices below Berkshire’s intrinsic value, as conservatively determined by Warren Buffett, Berkshire’s Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, and Charlie Munger, Vice Chairman of the Board. The program allows share repurchases in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions and does not specify a maximum number of shares to be repurchased.repurchased and does not require any specified repurchase amount. The program is expected to continue indefinitely. We will not repurchase our stock if it reduces the total amount of Berkshire’s consolidated cash, cash equivalents and U.S. Treasury Bills holdings below $30 billion. Financial strength and redundant liquidity will always be of paramount importance at Berkshire. Berkshire paid $20.2$4.2 billion in the first ninesix months of 20212022 to repurchase shares of its Class A and B common stock.
At SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, our insurance and other businesses held cash, cash equivalents and U.S. Treasury Bills of $144.4$101.3 billion, which included $116.6$76.1 billion in U.S. Treasury Bills. Investments in equity and fixed maturity securities (excluding our investment in Kraft Heinz) were $328.9$348.8 billion. During the first six months of 2022, we paid cash of $57.3 billion to acquire equities securities and we received proceeds of $12.0 billion from sales of equity securities.
Our consolidated borrowings at June 30, 2022 were $119.1 billion, of which over 95% were by the Berkshire parent company, BHFC, BNSF and BHE and its subsidiaries. In the first six months of 2022, Berkshire and certain of its subsidiaries issued term debt of approximately $10.2 billion in the aggregate.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Financial Condition (Continued)
Berkshire parent company outstanding debt at SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 was $21.8$20.1 billion, a decrease of $886 million$1.3 billion since December 31, 2020, which was primarily due to the effects of foreign currency exchange rate changes on Euro and Japanese Yen denominated debt.2021. In the first nine months of 2021,January 2022, Berkshire repaid €550$600 million and $1.5 billion of maturing senior notes. In the first nine months of 2021, Berkshirenotes and issued €600 million of 0.5% senior notes due in 2041 and ¥160¥128.5 billion (approximately $1.5$1.1 billion) of senior notes with maturity dates ranging from 20262027 to 20412052 and a weighted average interest rate of 0.5%. Berkshire’s borrowings decreased $1.8 billion in the first six months of 2022 from changes in foreign currency exchange rates on its non-U.S. Dollar denominated debt. Berkshire parent company debt maturingmaturities over the next twelve months approximate $4.3 billion, all of which is $600 million.in the first six months of 2023.
Berkshire’s insurance and other subsidiary outstanding borrowings were $17.9$22.5 billion at SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, which included senior note borrowings of BHFC, a wholly-owned financing subsidiary, of approximately $13.1$17.9 billion. BHFC’s borrowings are used to fund a portion of loans originated and acquired by Clayton Homes and equipment held for lease by our railcar leasing business. In January 2021,March 2022, BHFC repaid $750 millionissued $4.5 billion of maturing senior notes with maturity dates ranging from 2027 to 2052 and a weighted average interest rate of 3.4% and issued $750 million€1.25 billion of 2.5% senior notes duematuring in 2051.2030 and 2034 with a weighted average interest rate of 1.8%. Aggregate maturities of BHFC debt maturing overin the next twelvefirst six months isof 2022 were $775 million. Berkshire guarantees BHFC’s senior notes for the full and timely payment of principal and interest.
Our railroad, utilities and energy businesses (conducted byBNSF’s outstanding debt was $23.4 billion as of June 30, 2022, an increase of $157 million from December 31, 2021. In June 2022, BNSF and BHE) maintain very large investmentsissued $1.0 billion of 4.45% debentures due in capital assets (property, plant and equipment) and will regularly make significant capital expenditures in the normal course of business. Capital expenditures of these two operations in2053. During the first ninesix months of 20212022, BNSF repaid $800 million of term debt. Outstanding borrowings of BHE and its subsidiaries were $6.7$53.1 billion at June 30, 2022, an increase of $1.3 billion from December 31, 2021. In April 2022, BHE issued $1.0 billion of 4.6% senior notes due in 2053, and we currently forecast additional capital expendituresduring the first six months of 2022, subsidiaries issued approximately $3.1$1.3 billion of term debt with a weighted average interest rate of 3.5% and maturity dates ranging from 2024 to 2052. Aggregate debt maturities for BHE and BNSF over the remainder of 2021.
next twelve months approximate $2.6 billion. Berkshire does not guarantee the repayment of debt issued by BNSF, BHE or any of their subsidiaries and is not committed to provide capital to support BNSF, BHE or any of their subsidiaries. BNSF’s outstanding debt was $23.3 billion as of September 30, 2021, relatively unchanged from December 31, 2020. During
In the first ninesix months of 2021, BNSF repaid $888 million2022, our diverse group of debtbusinesses generated net operating cash flows of approximately $15.4 billion. Our consolidated capital expenditures for property, plant and issued $925 million of 3.3% debentures dueequipment and equipment held for lease were $6.8 billion in 2051. Outstanding borrowings of BHE and its subsidiaries were $52.1 billion at September 30, 2021, relatively unchanged from December 31, 2020. During the first ninesix months of 2021,2022, which included capital expenditures by our railroad, utilities and energy businesses (BNSF and BHE) of $4.8 billion. BNSF and BHE maintain very large investments in capital assets (property, plant and its subsidiaries repaid $1.7equipment) and will regularly make significant capital expenditures in the normal course of business. We forecast additional capital expenditures of approximately $6.6 billion of term debt and issued $2.1 billion of term debt with a weighted average interest rate of 3.0% with due dates in 2051 and 2052, and short-term borrowings decreased by $318 million. Aggregate debt maturities for BHE and BNSF over the next twelve months approximate $2.4 billion.remainder of 2022.
Contractual Obligations
We are party to other contracts associated with ongoing business and financing activities, which will result in cash payments to counterparties in future periods. Certain obligations are included in our Consolidated Balance Sheets, such as notes payable, which requireoperating lease liabilities and shared aircraft repurchase liabilities of NetJets.
We are also obligated to pay claims arising from property and casualty insurance companies. Such liabilities, including amounts from retroactive reinsurance, were $125.8 billion at June 30, 2022. However, the timing and amount of the payments under insurance and reinsurance contracts are contingent upon the outcome of future events. Actual payments on contractually specified dates andwill likely vary, perhaps materially, from any forecasted payments, as well as from the liabilities currently recorded in fixed and determinable amounts. our Consolidated Balance Sheet. We anticipate that these payments will be funded by operating cash flows.
Other obligations pertaining to the acquisition of goods or services in the future, such as certain purchase obligations, are not currently reflected in the financial statementsConsolidated Financial Statements and will be recognized in future periods as the goods are delivered or services are provided. The timingAs of June 30, 2022, the largest categories of our long-term contractual obligations primarily related to fuel, capacity, transmission and amountmaintenance contracts and capital expenditure commitments of BHE and BNSF and aircraft purchase commitments of NetJets.
On March 21, 2022, we agreed to acquire all of the payments under certain contracts, such as insurance and reinsurance contracts, are contingent upon the outcomeoutstanding shares of future events and the actual payments will likely vary, perhaps materially, from the estimated liabilities currently recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Contractual Obligations(Continued)
In the first nine months of 2021, Berkshire and certain of its subsidiaries issued term debtAlleghany Corporation (“Alleghany”) common stock for cash consideration of approximately $5.9$11.6 billion, subject to Alleghany shareholder approval and receipt of various regulatory approvals. We currently anticipate this acquisition will close in the aggregate. Principalfourth quarter of 2022. We also have an agreement to acquire an additional 41.4% of Pilot in 2023 and interest payments associated with these borrowingsagreements to acquire certain non-controlling interests of consolidated subsidiaries, which are expected as follows:described in 2021 – $27 million;Note 26 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in 2022 through 2025 – $121 million per annum; and thereafter – $8.8 billion.Item 8 of Berkshire’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Except as otherwise disclosed in this Quarterly Report, our contractual obligations as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 were, in the aggregate, not materially different from those disclosed in the “Contractual Obligations” section of “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” contained in Berkshire’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2021.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Critical Accounting Policies
Certain accounting policies require us to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reflected in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Such estimates and judgments necessarily involve varying, and possibly significant, degrees of uncertainty. Accordingly, certain amounts recorded in the financial statements will likely be adjusted in the future based on new available information and changes in other facts and circumstances. Reference is made to “Critical Accounting Policies” discussed in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in Berkshire’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2021.
Our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 includes estimated liabilities of $125.5$125.8 billion for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses from property and casualty insurance and reinsurance contracts. Due to the inherent uncertainties in the processes of establishing these liabilities, the actual ultimate claim amounts will likely differ from the currently recorded amounts. A very small percentage change in estimates of this magnitude can result in a material effect on periodic earnings. The effects from changes in these estimates are recorded as a component of insurance losses and loss adjustment expenses in the period of the change.
Our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 included goodwill of acquired businesses of $73.8$73.6 billion and indefinite-lived intangible assets of $18.3$18.4 billion. We evaluate these assets for impairment at least annually and we conducted our most recent annual review during the fourth quarter of 2020.2021. In connection with that annual goodwill impairment review, the estimated fair values of five reporting units did not exceed our carrying values by at least 20%. The most significant of these reporting units was Precision Castparts Corp. (“PCC”). The estimated fair value of PCC was approximately $34.5 billion, exceeding our carrying value of approximately $31.1 billion by 10.7%. Our carrying value of PCC included goodwill of approximately $7.5 billion. For the four other reporting units, our aggregate estimated fair value was approximately $2.5 billion, which exceeded our aggregate carrying value of approximately $2.3 billion by 9.2%. Our carrying value of these units included goodwill of approximately $1.2 billion.
Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment reviews include determining the estimated fair values of our reporting units and assets. The key assumptions and inputs used in such determinations may include forecasting revenues and expenses, cash flows and capital expenditures, as well as an appropriate discount rate and other inputs. Significant judgment by management is required in estimating the fair value of a reporting unit and in performing impairment tests. Due to the inherent subjectivity and uncertainty in forecasting future cash flows and earnings over long periods of time, actual results may vary materially from the forecasts.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, we concluded it is more likely than not that goodwill recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheet was not impaired. The long-term adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on certain of our reporting units may prove to be worse than we currently anticipate, and we may need to record goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment charges in future periods. Making estimates of the fair value of reporting units and judgments on goodwill impairments at this time are and will likely be significantly affected by assumptions on the severity, duration or long-term effects of the pandemic on a reporting unit’s business, which we cannot reliably predict. Consequently, any fair value estimates in such instances can be subject to wide variations.
As of the most recent annual goodwill impairment review, the estimated fair values of certain reporting units did not exceed our carrying values by at least 20%. The most significant of these reporting units was Precision Castparts Corp. (“PCC”). The estimated fair value of PCC was approximately $35.5 billion, exceeding our carrying value of approximately $32.1 billion by 10.6%. Our carrying value of PCC included goodwill of approximately $7.5 billion. For the four other reporting units where estimated fair value did not exceed carrying value by at least 20%, their aggregate estimated fair value of approximately $1.5 billion exceeded our aggregate carrying value of approximately $1.4 billion by 10.0%. Our carrying value of these units included goodwill of approximately $600 million.
Information concerning new accounting pronouncements is included in Note 2 to the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Forward-Looking Statements
Investors are cautioned that certain statements contained in this document as well as some statements in periodic press releases and some oral statements of Berkshire officials during presentations about Berkshire or its subsidiaries are “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”). Forward-looking statements include statements which are predictive in nature, which depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, or which include words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates” or similar expressions. In addition, any statements concerning future financial performance (including future revenues, earnings or growth rates), ongoing business strategies or prospects and possible future Berkshire actions, which may be provided by management, are also forward-looking statements as defined by the Act. Forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and projections about future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions about Berkshire and its subsidiaries, economic and market factors and the industries in which we do business, among other things. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and we have no specific intention to update these statements.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Forward-Looking Statements(Continued)
Actual events and results may differ materially from those expressed or forecasted in forward-looking statements due to a number of factors. The principal risk factors that could cause our actual performance and future events and actions to differ materially from such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, changes in market prices of our investments in fixed maturity and equity securities; losses realized from derivative contracts; the occurrence of one or more catastrophic events, such as an earthquake, hurricane, act of terrorism or cyber-attack that causes losses insured by our insurance subsidiaries and/or losses to our business operations; the frequency and severity of epidemics, pandemics or other outbreaks, including COVID-19, that negatively affect our operating results and restrict our access to borrowed funds through the capital markets at reasonable rates; the adverse impacts from geopolitical events; changes in laws or regulations affecting our insurance, railroad, utilities and energy and finance subsidiaries; changes in federal income tax laws; and changes in general economic and market factors that affect the prices of securities or the industries in which we do business.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Reference is made to Berkshire’s most recently issued Annual Report and in particular the “Market Risk Disclosures” included in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” As of SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, there were no material changes in the market risks described in Berkshire’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2021.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Chairman (Chief Executive Officer) and the Senior Vice President (Chief Financial Officer), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15. Based upon that evaluation, the Chairman (Chief Executive Officer) and the Senior Vice President (Chief Financial Officer) concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective in timely alerting them to material information relating to the Company (including its consolidated subsidiaries) required to be included in the Company’s periodic SEC filings. During the quarter, there have been no significant changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting or in other factors that could significantly affect internal control over financial reporting.
Part II Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Berkshire and its subsidiaries are parties in a variety of legal actions that routinely arise out of the normal course of business, including legal actions seeking to establish liability directly through insurance contracts or indirectly through reinsurance contracts issued by Berkshire subsidiaries. Plaintiffs occasionally seek punitive or exemplary damages. We do not believe that such normal and routine litigation will have a material effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations. Berkshire and certain of its subsidiaries are also involved in other kinds of legal actions, some of which assert or may assert claims or seek to impose fines and penalties. We believe that any liability that may arise as a result of other pending legal actions will not have a material effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Our significant business risks are described in Item 1A to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020,2021, to which reference is made herein. The risks and uncertainties we describe are not the only ones facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business or operations. Any adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results could result in a decline in the value of our securities and the loss of all or part of your investment.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds and Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities
Berkshire’s common stock repurchase program permits Berkshire to repurchase its Class A and Class B shares any time that Warren Buffett, Berkshire’s Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, and CharlesCharlie Munger, Vice Chairman of the Board, believe that the repurchase price is below Berkshire’s intrinsic value, conservatively determined. Repurchases may be in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. Information with respect to Berkshire’s Class A and Class B common stock repurchased during the thirdsecond quarter of 20212022 follows.
Period | Total number of shares purchased |
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| Average price paid per share |
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| Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced program |
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| Maximum number or value of shares that yet may be repurchased under the program | Total number of shares purchased |
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| Average price paid per share |
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| Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced program |
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| Maximum number or value of shares that yet may be repurchased under the program | ||||||
July |
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April |
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Class A common stock |
| 938 |
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| $ | 420,100.50 |
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| 938 |
|
| * |
| — |
|
| $ | — |
|
|
| — |
|
| * |
Class B common stock |
| 6,387,847 |
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| $ | 278.13 |
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| 6,387,847 |
|
| * |
| — |
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| $ | — |
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| — |
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| * |
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August |
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May |
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Class A common stock |
| 868 |
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| $ | 430,704.66 |
|
|
| 868 |
|
| * |
| — |
|
| $ | — |
|
|
| — |
|
| * |
Class B common stock |
| 6,535,695 |
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| $ | 285.41 |
|
|
| 6,535,695 |
|
| * |
| — |
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| $ | — |
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| — |
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| * |
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September |
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June |
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Class A common stock |
| 1,323 |
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| $ | 419,236.93 |
|
|
| 1,323 |
|
| * |
| 2,397 |
|
| $ | 425,870.54 |
|
|
| 2,397 |
|
| * |
Class B common stock |
| 9,580,995 |
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| $ | 277.74 |
|
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| 9,580,995 |
|
| * |
| 25,462 |
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| $ | 276.75 |
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| 25,462 |
|
| * |
* | The program does not specify a maximum number of shares to be repurchased or obligate Berkshire to repurchase any specific dollar amount or number of Class A or Class B shares and there is no expiration date to the repurchase program. Berkshire will not repurchase its common stock if the repurchases reduce the total value of Berkshire’s consolidated cash, cash equivalents and U.S. Treasury Bills holdings to less than $30 billion. |
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Information regarding the Company’s mine safety violations and other legal matters disclosed in accordance with Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Reform Act is included in Exhibit 95 to this Form 10-Q.
Item 5. Other Information
None
Item 6. Exhibits
| a. Exhibits |
|
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3(i) | Restated Certificate of Incorporation Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(i) to Form 10-K filed on March 2, 2015. |
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3(ii) | By-Laws Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(ii) to Form 8-K filed on August 4, 2016. |
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31.1 | |
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31.2 | |
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32.1 | |
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32.2 | |
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95 | |
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101 | The following financial information from Berkshire Hathaway Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended |
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104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as iXBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) |
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirement of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
|
| BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC. |
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| (Registrant) |
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Date: |
| /S/ MARC D. HAMBURG
|
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| (Signature) |
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| Marc D. Hamburg, |
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| Senior Vice President and |
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| Principal Financial Officer |
4745