Table of Contents

 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
 Form 10-Q
 
 
xQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018
OR
oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from         to      
 
Commission File Number: 001-36666 
 
 
Wayfair Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 
Delaware 36-4791999
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
   
4 Copley Place, 7th Floor, Boston, MA
 02116
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(617) 532-6100
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes x   No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes x    No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large"large accelerated filer,” “accelerated" "accelerated filer,” “smaller" "smaller reporting company”company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 
Large accelerated filer x
 
Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Smaller reporting company o
Emerging growth company o
  
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o No x
Class Outstanding at October 26, 2017July 25, 2018
Class A Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share  56,541,83859,660,800
Class B Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share 31,289,62830,015,792
 

WAYFAIR INC.
INDEX TO QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
For the Quarterly Period Ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018
 
  Page
  
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
  
   
   
   
   
 

PART I
 
FINANCIAL INFORMATION


SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, business strategy and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as "may," "will," "should," "expects," "plans," "anticipates," "could," "intends," "target," "projects," "contemplates," "believes," "estimates," "predicts," "potential" or "continue" or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions.
Forward-looking statements are based on current expectations of future events. We cannot guarantee that any forward-looking statement will be accurate, although we believe that we have been reasonable in our expectations and assumptions. Investors should realize that if underlying assumptions prove inaccurate or that known or unknown risks or uncertainties materialize, actual results could vary materially from the Company’s expectations and projections. Investors are therefore cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and, except as required by applicable law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements contained herein, whether as a result of any new information, future events or otherwise.
Factors that could cause or contribute to differences in our future results include, without limitation, the following:
our ability to acquire new customers and sustain and/or manage our growth;
our ability to increase our net revenue per active customer;
our ability to build and maintain strong brands;
our internationalability to manage our global growth and expansion;
our ability to compete successfully;
the rate of growth of the Internet and e-commerce;
economic factors, such as interest rates, currency exchange fluctuations and changes in customer spending;
world events, natural disasters, public health emergencies, civil disturbances, and terrorist attacks; and
developments in, and the outcome of, legal and regulatory proceedings and investigations to which we are a party or are subject, and the liabilities, obligations and expenses, if any, that we may incur in connection therewith.
A further list and description of risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause or contribute to differences in our future results include the cautionary statements herein and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including those set forth under Part II, Item 1A, Risk Factors of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.2017. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.


WAYFAIR INC.
CONSOLIDATED AND CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
(Unaudited)
 


September 30,
2017

December 31,
2016

June 30,
2018

December 31,
2017
Assets
 

 

 

 
Current assets
 
  

 
  
Cash and cash equivalents
$553,721
 $279,840

$529,452
 $558,960
Short-term investments
56,699
 68,743

45,934
 61,032
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $4,507 and $3,115 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively

27,521
 19,113
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $6,711 and $7,000 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively

34,823
 37,948
Inventories
18,613
 18,550

30,710
 28,042
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
120,041
 90,845

153,042
 130,838
Total current assets
776,595
 477,091

793,961
 816,820
Property and equipment, net
318,873
 239,354

468,422
 361,141
Goodwill and intangible assets, net
3,386
 4,230

2,918
 3,105
Long-term investments
29,809
 30,967

9,767
 21,561
Other noncurrent assets
9,477
 10,041

12,200
 10,776
Total assets
$1,138,140
 $761,683

$1,287,268
 $1,213,403
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
   
   
Current liabilities
   
   
Accounts payable
$381,661
 $379,493

$543,596
 $440,366
Accrued expenses
121,218
 67,807

129,458
 120,247
Deferred revenue
86,219
 65,892

121,618
 94,116
Other current liabilities
61,151
 44,028

95,626
 85,026
Total current liabilities
650,249
 557,220

890,298
 739,755
Lease financing obligation 82,725
 28,900
Lease financing obligation, net of current portion 141,025
 82,580
Long-term debt
327,950



342,281

332,905
Other liabilities
74,187
 96,179

109,142
 106,492
Total liabilities
1,135,111
 682,299

1,482,746
 1,261,732
Commitments and contingencies (Note 6)


 




 

Convertible preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share: 10,000,000 shares authorized and none issued at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016

 
Convertible preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share: 10,000,000 shares authorized and none issued at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017

 
Stockholders’ equity:


  

   
Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 500,000,000 shares authorized, 56,355,606 and 49,945,202 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively
56
 50
Class B common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 164,000,000 shares authorized, 31,290,483 and 35,885,692 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively
31
 36
Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 500,000,000 shares authorized, 59,315,145 and 57,398,983 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively
59
 57
Class B common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 164,000,000 shares authorized, 30,161,725 and 30,809,627 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively
30
 31
Additional paid-in capital
515,380
 409,225

593,460
 537,212
Accumulated deficit
(510,495) (329,940)
(787,118) (583,266)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) gain
(1,943) 13
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)
(1,909) (2,363)
Total stockholders’ equity
3,029
 79,384

(195,478) (48,329)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$1,138,140
 $761,683

$1,287,268
 $1,213,403
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Consolidated and Condensed Financial Statements.


WAYFAIR INC.
CONSOLIDATED AND CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
 
 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016 2018 2017 2018 2017
Net revenue $1,198,198
 $861,525
 $3,281,879

$2,395,801
 $1,655,256
 $1,122,856
 $3,059,525

$2,083,681
Cost of goods sold 917,889
 659,864
 2,495,221
 1,826,570
 1,270,249
 853,390
 2,350,694
 1,577,332
Gross profit 280,309
 201,661
 786,658
 569,231
 385,007
 269,466
 708,831
 506,349
Operating expenses:  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Customer service and merchant fees 42,949
 33,872
 117,132
 91,286
 61,792
 39,125
 115,676
 74,183
Advertising 141,714
 101,333
 384,220
 293,436
 177,582
 124,241
 339,228
 242,506
Merchandising, marketing and sales 56,934
 48,550
 160,033
 129,679
Operations, technology, general and administrative 112,669
 79,526
 292,988
 207,289
Selling, operations, technology, general and administrative 240,972
 143,652
 452,335
 283,418
Total operating expenses 354,266
 263,281
 954,373
 721,690
 480,346
 307,018
 907,239
 600,107
Loss from operations (73,957) (61,620) (167,715) (152,459) (95,339) (37,552) (198,408) (93,758)
Interest (expense) income, net (2,008) (292) (3,857) 791
Other (expense) income, net (227) 889
 400
 1,804
Interest expense, net (5,796) (1,550) (11,203) (1,849)
Other income, net 666
 451
 1,607
 627
Loss before income taxes (76,192) (61,023) (171,172) (149,864) (100,469) (38,651) (208,004) (94,980)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes 237
 (83) 671
 555
Provision for income taxes 265
 224
 505
 434
Net loss $(76,429) $(60,940) $(171,843) $(150,419) $(100,734) $(38,875) $(208,509) $(95,414)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted $(0.88)
$(0.72)
$(1.98)
$(1.77) $(1.13)
$(0.45)
$(2.35)
$(1.10)
Weighted average number of common stock outstanding used in computing per share amounts, basic and diluted 87,283
 85,105
 86,679
 84,779
 89,158
 86,714
 88,814
 86,374
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Consolidated and Condensed Financial Statements.


WAYFAIR INC.
CONSOLIDATED AND CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
 
 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016 2018 2017 2018 2017
Net loss $(76,429) $(60,940) $(171,843) $(150,419) $(100,734) $(38,875) $(208,509) $(95,414)
Other comprehensive loss:                
Foreign currency translation adjustments (856) (240) (1,959) (875) 1,252
 (822) 492
 (1,103)
Net unrealized (loss) gain on available-for-sale investments (40) (163) 3
 465
Net unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale investments 97
 20
 (38) 43
Comprehensive loss $(77,325) $(61,343) $(173,799) $(150,829) $(99,385) $(39,677) $(208,055) $(96,474)
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Consolidated and Condensed Financial Statements.


WAYFAIR INC.
CONSOLIDATED AND CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited) 
 Nine months ended September 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2018 2017
Cash flows from operating activities  
  
  
  
Net loss $(171,843) $(150,419) $(208,509) $(95,414)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities        
Depreciation and amortization 62,588
 38,528
 54,882
 39,675
Equity based compensation 46,740
 35,188
 54,213
 28,462
Amortization of discount and issuance costs on convertible notes 874
 
 9,353
 
Other non-cash adjustments 913
 (134) 133
 868
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:        
Accounts receivable (8,697) (6,773) 3,058
 (4,723)
Inventories (38) 716
 (2,741) 3,949
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (27,776) (12,493) (22,354) (31,220)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 44,692
 53,443
 95,743
 (137)
Deferred revenue and other liabilities 50,450
 33,556
 52,211
 30,660
Other assets (1,148) (2,292) (1,462) (117)
Net cash used in operating activities (3,245) (10,680)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 34,527
 (27,997)
        
Cash flows from investing activities    
    
Purchase of short-term and long-term investments (47,639) (76,458) 
 (25,334)
Sale and maturities of short-term investments 60,540
 82,060
 26,646
 46,035
Purchase of property and equipment (76,528) (81,844) (61,093) (45,548)
Site and software development costs (34,885) (21,444) (28,573) (22,650)
Cash received from the sale of a business, net of cash sold 
 1,508
Other investing activities, net 
 (1,000)
Other investing activities (267) 
Net cash used in investing activities (98,512) (97,178) (63,287) (47,497)
        
Cash flows from financing activities    
    
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes, net of issuance costs 420,449
 
Premiums paid for capped call confirmations (44,160) 
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards (1,277) (18,426) (635) (1,252)
Net proceeds from exercise of stock options 213
 166
 74
 162
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 375,225
 (18,260)
Net cash used in financing activities (561) (1,090)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 413
 286
 (187) 554
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 273,881
 (125,832)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (29,508) (76,030)
        
Cash and cash equivalents  
  
  
  
Beginning of period 279,840
 334,176
 558,960
 279,840
End of period $553,721
 $208,344
 $529,452
 $203,810
        
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing activities  
  
Supplemental Cash Flow Information  
  
Cash paid for interest on long-term debt $746
 $
Purchase of property and equipment included in accounts payable and accrued expenses and in other liabilities $9,255
 $5,744
 $15,463
 $13,976
Construction costs capitalized under finance lease obligation and other leases $16,153
 $29,726
 $54,143
 $9,691
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Consolidated and Condensed Financial Statements.

Notes to Consolidated and Condensed Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
 
1. Basis of Presentation
Wayfair Inc. (the “Company”"Company") is one of the world's largest online destinations for the home. Through its e-commerce business model, the Company offers visually inspired browsing, compelling merchandising, easy product discovery and attractive prices for over eightten million products from approximatelyover 10,000 suppliers.
The consolidated and condensed financial statements and other disclosures contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are those of the Company. Prior period expenses recorded in "Merchandising, marketing and sales" and "Operations, technology, general and administrative" have been combined into "Selling, operations, technology, general and administrative" on the consolidated statements of operations to conform with current presentation.
The consolidated and condensed balance sheet data as of December 31, 20162017 was derived from audited financial statements. The accompanying consolidated and condensed balance sheet as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, the consolidated and condensed statements of operations, consolidated and condensed statements of comprehensive loss, and consolidated and condensed statements of cash flows for the periods ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 20162017 are unaudited. The unaudited interim financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements and in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial position as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and statements of operations, comprehensive loss, and cash flows for the periods ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016.2017. The financial data and the other information disclosed in these notes to the consolidated and condensed financial statements related to these periods are unaudited.
The consolidated and condensed statements of operations, comprehensive loss, and cash flows for the period ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations and cash flows that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2017,2018, or for any other period. 
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
The Company has identified the significant accounting policies that are critical to understanding its business and results of operations.
Revenue Recognition
The Company adopted ASU No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" ("ASU 2014-09") as of January 1, 2018. The Company primarily generates net revenue through product sales on its five distinct sites ("Direct Retail" net revenue) and through (i) product sales on websites operated by third parties and (ii) fees earned for media solutions (collectively, "Other" net revenue).
The Company recognizes net revenue on product sales through the Company's five distinct sites and third party operated websites using the gross method when the Company has concluded it controls the product before it is transferred to the customer. The Company controls products when it is the entity responsible for fulfilling the promise to the customer and takes responsibility for the acceptability of the goods, assumes inventory risk from shipment through the delivery date, has discretion in establishing prices, and selects the suppliers of products sold. The Company recognizes net revenue from sales of its products upon delivery to the customer. As the Company ships a large volume of packages through multiple carriers, actual delivery dates may not always be available and as such the Company estimates delivery dates based on historical data.
Net revenue from product sales includes shipping costs charged to the customer and is recorded net of taxes collected from customers, which are remitted to governmental authorities. Cash discounts and rebates earned by customers at the time of purchase are deducted from gross revenue in determining net revenue. Allowances for sales returns are estimated and recorded based on prior returns history, recent trends, and projections for returns on sales in the current period.
The Company also earns revenue through third-party advertisers that pay based on the number of advertisement related clicks, actions, or impressions for advertisements placed on the Company's sites. Revenue earned under these arrangements is included in net revenue and is recognized in the period in which the click, action, or impression occurs.
Net revenue from contracts with customers is disaggregated by Direct Retail and Other net revenue and by geographic region because this manner of disaggregation best depicts how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Refer to Note 8, Segment and Geographic Information, for additional detail.

The Company has three types of contractual liabilities: (i) cash collections from its customers prior to delivery of products purchased, which are included in "Deferred revenue," and are recognized as net revenue when the products are delivered, (ii) unredeemed gift cards and site credits, which are included in "Deferred revenue." Certain gift cards and site credits are not expected to be redeemed, also known as breakage, and are recognized as net revenue over the expected redemption period of twenty-four months from the date of issuance, subject to requirements to remit balances to governmental agencies, and (iii) membership rewards redeemable for future purchases, which are earned by customers on purchases made with the Company's Wayfair branded, private label credit card, and are included in "Other current liabilities," and are recognized as net revenue when redeemed.
Contractual liabilities included in "Deferred revenue" and "Other current liabilities" in the consolidated and condensed balance sheets were $121.6 million and $2.7 million at June 30, 2018 and $94.1 million and $2.6 million at December 31, 2017, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company recognized $73.9 million and $1.7 million of net revenue included in "Deferred revenue" and "Other current liabilities," respectively, at December 31, 2017.
The Company adopted ASU 2014-09 using a modified retrospective approach and recognized a $4.7 million cumulative-effect adjustment to reduce "Accumulated deficit" as of January 1, 2018. The cumulative-effect adjustment to "Accumulated deficit" was due to breakage of gift cards and site credits, to the extent there is no requirement for remitting balances to governmental agencies. Prior period balances were not retrospectively adjusted.
The Company believes that other than the implementation of ASU 2014-09, there have been no significant changes during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 to the items disclosed in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, included in Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.2017.
3. Marketable Securities and Fair Value Measurements
Marketable Securities
As of SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, all of the Company’s marketable securities were classified as available-for-sale and their estimated fair values were $86.5$55.7 million and $99.7$82.6 million, respectively. The Company periodically reviews its available-for-sale securities for other-than-temporary impairment. The Company considers factors such as the duration, severity and the reason for the decline in value, the potential recovery period, and its intent to sell. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, the Company’s available-for-sale securities primarily consisted of corporate bonds and other government obligations that are priced at fair value. During the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, the Company did not recognize any other-than-temporary impairment losses. The maturities of the Company’s long-term marketable securities generally range from one to threetwo years. The cost basis of a marketable security sold is determined by the Company using the specific identification method. During the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2018 and 2017, and 2016, wethe Company did not have any realized gains or losses.
 The following tables present details of the Company’s marketable securities as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and December 31, 20162017 (in thousands):
 September 30, 2017 June 30, 2018
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair Value
Short-term:  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Investment securities $56,719
 $12
 $(32) $56,699
 $46,058
 $
 $(124) $45,934
Long-term:       

       

Investment securities 29,837
 22
 (50) 29,809
 9,912
 
 (145) 9,767
Total $86,556
 $34
 $(82) $86,508
 $55,970
 $
 $(269) $55,701

 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2017
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair Value
Short-term:  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Investment securities $63,135
 $7
 $(39) $63,103
 $61,129
 $
 $(97) $61,032
Commercial paper 5,641
 1
 (2) 5,640
Long-term:                
Investment securities 30,985
 16
 (34) 30,967
 21,695
 
 (134) 21,561
Total $99,761
 $24
 $(75) $99,710
 $82,824
 $
 $(231) $82,593
Fair Value Measurements
The Company's financial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value, which is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:
Level 1—Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
Level 2—Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full-term of the asset or liability
Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the asset or liability
This hierarchy requires the Company to use observable market data, when available, and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs when determining fair value. The Company measures its cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments at fair value. The Company classifies its cash equivalents and restricted cash within Level 1 because the Company values these investments using quoted market prices. The fair value of the Company's Level 1 financial assets is based on quoted market prices of the identical underlying security. The Company classifies short-term and long-term investments within Level 2 because unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets are not active. The Company does not have any assets or liabilities classified as Level 3 financial assets.  
The following tables set forth the fair value of the Company’s financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and December 31, 20162017 based on the three-tier value hierarchy (in thousands):
 September 30, 2017 June 30, 2018
 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Cash equivalents:  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Money market funds and other funds $512,929
 $
 $
 $512,929
 $419,337
 $
 $
 $419,337
Short-term investments:       

       

Investment securities 
 56,699
 
 56,699
 
 45,934
 
 45,934
Restricted cash:        
Other non-current assets:        
Certificate of deposit 5,000
 
 
 5,000
 5,000
 
 
 5,000
Long-term:       

       

Investment securities 
 29,809
 
 29,809
 
 9,767
 
 9,767
Total $517,929
 $86,508
 $
 $604,437
 $424,337
 $55,701
 $
 $480,038

 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2017
 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Cash equivalents:  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Money market funds $200,867
 $
 $
 $200,867
 $488,029
 $
 $
 $488,029
Short-term investments:  
  
  
 

  
  
  
 

Investment securities 
 63,103
 
 63,103
 
 61,032
 
 61,032
Commercial paper 
 5,640
 
 5,640
Restricted cash:        
Other non-current assets:        
Certificate of deposit 5,000
 
 
 5,000
 5,000
 
 
 5,000
Long-term:  
  
  
 

  
  
  
 

Investment securities 
 30,967
 
 30,967
 
 21,561
 
 21,561
Total $205,867
 $99,710
 $
 $305,577
 $493,029
 $82,593
 $
 $575,622
4. Intangible Assets and Goodwill
The following table summarizes intangible assets as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and December 31, 20162017 (in thousands):
 
Weighted - Average Amortization
Period (Years)
 September 30, 2017 
Weighted - Average Amortization
Period (Years)
 June 30, 2018
 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 Net Book Value 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 Net Book Value
Trademarks 5 $1,900
 $(1,583) $317
 5 $1,900
 $(1,868) $32
Technology 3 1,453
 (525) 928
 3 1,678
 (913) 765
Customer relationships 5 1,300
 (1,083) 217
 5 1,300
 (1,278) 22
Total   $4,653
 $(3,191) $1,462
   $4,878
 $(4,059) $819
 
Weighted - Average Amortization
Period (Years)
 December 31, 2016 
Weighted - Average Amortization
Period (Years)
 December 31, 2017
 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 Net Book Value 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 Net Book Value
Trademarks 5 $1,900
 $(1,298) $602
 5 $1,900
 $(1,678) $222
Technology 3 1,453
 (161) 1,292
 3 1,453
 (646) 807
Customer relationship 5 1,300
 (888) 412
Customer relationships 5 1,300
 (1,148) 152
Total   $4,653
 $(2,347) $2,306
   $4,653
 $(3,472) $1,181
Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $0.3 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016, respectively, and $0.8 million2017 and $0.6 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016, respectively.2017.
Goodwill was $2.1 million and $1.9 million as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017 was $1.9 million, unchanged from2018 and December 31, 2016.2017, respectively.

5. Property and Equipment, net
The following table summarizes property and equipment, net as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and December 31, 20162017 (in thousands): 
 September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 June 30,
2018
 December 31,
2017
Furniture and computer equipment $198,903
 $133,297
 $263,436
 $213,790
Site and software development costs 108,456
 77,429
 143,376
 118,356
Leasehold improvements 80,512
 62,090
 87,055
 82,614
Construction in progress 10,416
 47,013
 63,586
 46,826
Buildings (leased - Note 6) 83,681
 29,856
 141,664
 83,681
 481,968
 349,685
 699,117
 545,267
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization (163,095) (110,331) (230,695) (184,126)
Property and equipment, net $318,873
 $239,354
 $468,422
 $361,141

Property and equipment depreciation and amortization expense was $22.6$28.6 million and $15.2$19.0 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively, and $61.7$54.3 million and $37.9$39.1 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. 
6. Commitments and Contingencies
Leases
The Company leases office and warehouse spaces under non-cancelable leases. These leases expire at various dates through 20292031 and include discounted rental periods and fixed escalation clauses, which are amortized straight-line over the terms of the lease. Rent expense under operating leases was $10.6$15.3 million and $9.1$11.1 million in the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively, and $33.3$28.9 million and $23.9$22.6 million in the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. The Company has issued letters of credit for approximately $13.8$26.1 million and $10.6$15.3 million as security for these lease agreements as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, respectively.
As of December 31, 2016,2017, the future minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable leases with initial or remaining terms in excess of one year totaled $568.7$783.7 million. Subsequent to December 31, 2016,2017, the Company entered into additional non-cancelable leases in the United States ("U.S.") with initial or remaining terms in excess of one year with total future minimum lease commitments of $231.0$218.8 million. Future lease payments have not been reduced by minimum sublease rentals of $9.4$5.5 million due to the Company in the future under non-cancelable subleases through 2020.
The Company establishes assets and liabilities for the estimated construction costs incurred under lease arrangements where the Company is considered the owner for accounting purposes only, or build-to-suit leases, to the extent the Company is involved in the construction of structural improvements or takes construction risk prior to commencement of a lease. Upon occupancy of facilities under build-to-suit leases, the Company assesses whether these arrangements qualify for sales recognition under the sale-leaseback accounting guidance. If the Company continues to be the deemed owner, the facilities are accounted for as financing leases.
The construction of one warehouse lease arrangement was completed during the three months ended June 30, 2016, and because the Company concluded it had a letter of credit of $1.2 million, the Company did not meet the sale-leaseback criteria for derecognition of the building asset and liability. The construction of a second warehouse lease arrangement was completed in the three months ended March 31, 2017, and because the Company concluded it had a letter of credit of $0.8 million, the Company did not meet the sale-leaseback criteria for derecognition of the building asset and liability. The construction of a third warehouse lease arrangement was completed in the three months ended June 30, 2017, and because the Company concluded it had a letter of credit of $1.0 million, the Company did not meet the sale-leaseback criteria for derecognition of the building asset and liability. The construction of a fourth warehouse lease arrangement was completed in the three months ended June 30, 2018, and because the Company had a letter of credit of $2.5 million, the Company did not meet the sale-leaseback criteria for derecognition of the building asset and liability.
Accordingly, these leases were accounted for as financing obligations and $28.9 million, $12.6 million, $41.2 million and $41.2$58.0 million was recorded in "Lease financing obligation"obligation, net of current portion" and "Property and equipment, net" in the Company’s unaudited consolidated and condensed balance sheets as of June 30, 2016, March 31, 2017, June 30, 2017, and June 30, 2017,2018 respectively. The monthly rent payments made to the lessor under the lease agreement are recorded in the Company’s financial statements as land lease expense and principal and interest on the financing obligation. Interest expense on the lease financing obligation reflects the portion of the Company's monthly lease payments that is allocated to interest expense. For the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, land lease expense was $0.2$0.7 million and $0.7$1.3 million, respectively, and interest expense on lease financing obligations was $2.0$2.5 million and $4.9$4.5 million, respectively. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, future minimum commitments related to the financing obligations were $6.7$12.9 million and $39.0$66.3 million for principal and interest, respectively, through SeptemberJune 30, 2022.

2023.
 Collection of Sales or Other Similar Taxes
InThe Company has historically collected and remitted sales tax based on the locations of its physical operations. On June 21, 2018, the U.S., Supreme Court decisions restrict states' rights torendered a 5-4 majority decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair Inc., 17-494. Among other things, the Court held that a state may require remote sellers to collect state and local sales taxes (although some states are seeking to have the Supreme Court revisit these decisions). States have, and may againan out-of-state seller with no physical presence in the future, issued assessments and presented legal claims alleging that the Company is requiredstate to collect and remit sales taxes on goods the seller ships to consumers in the state, overturning existing court precedent. Several states and other taxing jurisdictions have presented, or other similar taxes.indicated that they may present, the Company with sales tax assessments. The aggregate assessments received as of June 30, 2018 are not material to the Company's business and the Company does not believeexpect the Court's decision to have a significant impact on its business.

Legal Matters
On June 21, 2018, the U.S. Supreme Court rendered a 5-4 majority decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair Inc., 17-494. Among other things, the Court held that it is obligateda state may require an out-of-state seller with no physical presence in the state to collect and remit suchsales taxes and intendson goods the seller ships to vigorously defend its position. At this time, the Company believes any losses that may arise from these assessments and claims would be immaterial; however, no assurance can be given as to the outcomes and the Company could be subject to significant additional tax liabilities.
Legal Matters
In September 2016, a putative class action complaint was filed against the Companyconsumers in the Superior Courtstate, overturning existing court precedent. See Collection of the province of Quebec (Naomi Zouzout v. Wayfair LLC, Case No. PQ 500-06-000809-166) by an individual on behalf of herself and on behalf of all other similarly situated individuals alleging violations of various Canadian consumer protection statutes. Among other remedies, this lawsuit seeks compensatory and punitive money damages, costs, and various fees. In June 2017, the Company entered into a settlement of the litigation, subject to judicial approval. The parties presented the settlement for review and approval by the court in September 2017. This settlement is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company's results of operationSales or financial condition.Other Similar Taxes above.
From time to time the Company is involved in claims that arise during the ordinary course of business. Although the results of litigation and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company does not currently believe that the outcome of any of these other legal matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company's results of operation or financial condition. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can be costly and time consuming, as it can divert management's attention from important business matters and initiatives, negatively impacting the Company's overall operations. In addition, the Company may also find itself at greater risk to outside party claims as it increases its operations in jurisdictions where the laws with respect to the potential liability of online retailers are uncertain, unfavorable, or unclear.
7. Equity-Based Compensation
The board of directors of the Company (the "Board") adopted the 2014 Incentive Award Plan ("2014 Plan") to grant cash and equity incentive awards to eligible participants in order to attract, motivate and retain talent. The 2014 Plan is administered by the Board with respect to awards to non-employee directors and by the compensation committee of the Board with respect to other participants and provides for the issuance of stock options, SARs, restricted stock, restricted stock units ("RSUs"), performance shares, stock payments, cash payments, dividend awards and other incentives. Prior to the adoption of the 2014 Plan, Wayfair LLC issued certain equity awards pursuant to the Wayfair LLC Amended and Restated Common Unit Plan (the “2010 Plan”"2010 Plan"), which was administered by the board of directors of Wayfair LLC. Awards issued under the 2010 Plan that remain outstanding currently represent Class A or Class B common stock of the Company.
8,603,066 shares of Class A common stock were initially available for issuance under awards granted pursuant to the 2014 Plan. The 2014 Plan also contains an evergreen provision whereby the shares available for future grant are increased on the first day of each calendar year beginning January 1, 2016 and ending on and including January 1, 2024. As of January 1, 2017, 8,389,7502018, 8,016,850 shares of Class A common stock were available for future grant under the 2014 Plan. Shares or RSUs forfeited, withheld for minimum statutory tax obligations, and unexercised stock option lapses from the 2010 and 2014 Plans are available for grants of awardsfuture grant under the 2014 Plan. All equity awards granted prior to the initial public offering ("IPO") were subject to two vesting conditions: (i) a service period (typically five years) and (ii) a performance condition (a liquidity event in the form of either a change of control or an IPO, each as defined in the 2010 Plan). Employees were able to retain provisionally vested stock options and shares upon departure. The Company determined that a liquidity event was not probable until the closing of its IPO on October 7, 2014, and as such, no expense was recognized until that date. After the IPO, pre-IPO awards for employees that continued providing service continued to vest over the remaining service period. 2014 Plan awards are expected to vest over the service period.
The Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-09, "Compensation - Stock Compensation" ("ASU 2016-09") as of January 1, 2017. For additional information, refer to Note 14, Recent Accounting Pronouncements.

The following table presents activity relating to stock options for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017:2018: 
  Options 
Weighted-
Average Exercise
Price
 
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
Outstanding at December 31, 2016 209,759
 $2.98
 4.5
Options exercised (72,296) $2.92
  
Outstanding and exercisable at September 30, 2017 137,463
 $3.01
 3.7
  Options 
Weighted-
Average 
Exercise
Price
 
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
Outstanding at December 31, 2017 126,383
 $3.02
 3.5
Options exercised (24,996) $2.98
  
Outstanding and exercisable at June 30, 2018 101,387
 $3.03
 3.0
Intrinsic value of stock options exercised was $4.1$2.0 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2018. Aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding and currently exercisable is $8.9$11.7 million. All stock options were fully vested at SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2018.
The following table presents activity relating to restricted common stock for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017:2018: 
  Shares 
Weighted-
Average Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2016 60,000
 $35.05
Unvested at September 30, 2017 60,000
 $67.40
  Shares 
Weighted-
Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested at December 31, 2017 40,000
 $44.34
Unvested and expected to vest in the future as of June 30, 2018 40,000
 $44.34
Aggregate intrinsic value of unvested restricted common stock unvested is $4.0$4.8 million as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2018. Unrecognized equity based compensation expense related to unvested restricted common stock is $2.7$3.6 million with a weighted average remaining vesting term of 1.3 years1.0 year as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017. 2018. 

The following table presents activity relating to RSUs for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017:2018: 
 Shares 
Weighted-
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
 Shares 
Weighted-
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2016 6,986,776
 $34.21
Outstanding at December 31, 2017 6,853,606
 $46.28
RSUs granted 2,271,235
 $52.39
 2,540,290
 $83.28
RSUs vested (1,766,511) $32.30
 (1,269,782) $42.11
RSUs forfeited/canceled (1,117,090) $37.53
 (602,038) $50.53
Outstanding at September 30, 2017 6,374,410
 $41.04
Outstanding and expected to vest in the future as of June 30, 2018 7,522,076
 $59.22
The intrinsic value of RSUs vested was $99.3$107.2 million for the nine monthssix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2018. Aggregate intrinsic value of RSUs outstandingunvested is $429.6$893.3 million as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2018. Unrecognized equity based compensation expense related to outstanding RSUs is $231.5$410.1 million with a weighted average remaining vestingvesting term of 1.7 years at SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2018.
8. Segment and Geographic Information
Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available that is evaluated on a regular basis by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”("CODM") in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. The Company’s CODM is its Chief Executive Officer. 
Beginning the fourth quarter of 2016, the Company changed itsThe Company's operating and reportable segments toare U.S. and International. These segments reflect the way the CODM allocates resources and evaluates financial performance, which is based upon each segment's Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as loss before depreciation and amortization, equity-based compensation and related taxes, interest and other income and expense, provision for income taxes, and non-recurring items. These charges are excluded from evaluation of segment performance because it facilitates reportable segment performance comparisons on a period-to-period basis. Refer to Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies forthe accounting policies of segments.
The Company allocates certain operating expenses to the operating and reportable segments, including "Customer service and merchant fees," "Merchandising, marketingfees" and sales," and "Operations,"Selling, operations, technology, general and administrative" based on the usage and relative contribution provided to the segments. It excludes from the allocations certain operating expense lines,

including "Depreciation and amortization, "Equity based compensation and related taxes," "Interest (income),expense, net," "Other (income) expense,, net," and "Provision for income taxes." There are no revenue transactions between the Company's reportable segments.
U.S.
The U.S. segment primarily consists of amounts earned through product sales through the Company's five distinct sites in the U.S. and through siteswebsites operated by third parties in the U.S.
International
The International segment primarily consists of amounts earned through product sales through the Company's international sites.
Revenue from external customers for each group of similar products and services are not reported to the CODM. Separate identification of this information for purposes of segment disclosure is impractical, as it is not readily available and the cost to develop it would be excessive. No individual country outside of the U.S. provided greater than 10% of total revenue.

The following tables present Direct Retail and Other net revenues and Adjusted EBITDA attributable to the Company's reportable segments for the periods presented (in thousands):
 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016 2018 2017 2018 2017
U.S. Direct Retail $1,033,669
 $759,674
 $2,847,898
 $2,134,782
 $1,397,009
 $976,673
 $2,583,214
 $1,814,229
U.S. Other 16,975
 28,127
 57,843
 91,613
 14,335
 20,395
 29,714
 40,868
U.S. segment net revenue 1,050,644
 787,801
 2,905,741
 2,226,395
 1,411,344
 997,068
 2,612,928
 1,855,097
International Direct Retail 147,554
 72,724
 376,138
 165,119
 243,912
 125,788
 446,597
 228,584
International Other 
 1,000
 
 4,287
International segment net revenue 147,554
 73,724
 376,138
 169,406
 243,912
 125,788
 446,597
 228,584
Total net revenue $1,198,198
 $861,525
 $3,281,879
 $2,395,801
 $1,655,256
 $1,122,856
 $3,059,525
 $2,083,681
 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016 2018 2017 2018 2017
Adjusted EBITDA        
Adjusted EBITDA:        
U.S. $4,531
 $(7,857) $28,684
 $(11,816) $7,200
 $20,425
 $(738) $24,153
International (27,203) (22,992) (74,498) (64,850) (42,009) (22,671) (84,031) (47,295)
Total reportable segments Adjusted EBITDA (22,672) (30,849) (45,814) (76,666) (34,809) (2,246) (84,769) (23,142)
Less: reconciling items (1) (53,757) (30,091) (126,029) (73,753) (65,925) (36,629) (123,740) (72,272)
Net loss $(76,429) $(60,940) $(171,843) $(150,419) $(100,734) $(38,875) $(208,509) $(95,414)
(1) Adjustments are made to reconcile total reportable segments Adjusted EBITDA to consolidated net loss including the following (in thousands):
  Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
  2017 2016 2017 2016
Depreciation and amortization (1) $22,913
 $15,463
 $62,588
 $38,528
Equity based compensation and related taxes 19,598
 15,308
 50,539
 37,265
Interest expense (income), net 2,008
 292
 3,857
 (791)
Other expense (income), net 227
 (889) (400) (1,804)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes 237
 (83) 671
 555
Other (1) 8,774
 
 8,774
 
Total reconciling items $53,757
 $30,091
 $126,029
 $73,753

(1) The Company recorded $9.6 million of one-time charges in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 in "Operations, technology, general and administrative" in the unaudited consolidated and condensed statements of operations related to a warehouse the Company vacated in July 2017. Of the $9.6 million charges, $8.8 million was included in "Other" and related primarily to the excess of the Company's estimated future remaining lease commitments through 2023 over its expected sublease income over the same period, and $0.8 million was included in "Depreciation and amortization" related to accelerated depreciation of leasehold improvements in the warehouse.
  Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
  2018 2017 2018 2017
Depreciation and amortization $28,920
 $19,323
 $54,882
 $39,675
Equity based compensation and related taxes 31,610
 15,983
 58,757
 30,941
Interest expense, net 5,796
 1,550
 11,203
 1,849
Other (income), net (666) (451) (1,607) (627)
Provision for income taxes 265
 224
 505
 434
Total reconciling items $65,925
 $36,629
 $123,740
 $72,272
The following table presents the activity related to the Company’s net revenue from Direct Retail sales derived through the Company’s sites and Other sales derived through siteswebsites operated by third parties and fees from third-party advertising distribution providersour media solutions business (in thousands):
 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016 2018 2017 2018 2017
Net revenue  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Direct Retail $1,181,223
 $832,398
 $3,224,036
 $2,299,901
 $1,640,921
 $1,102,461
 $3,029,811
 $2,042,813
Other 16,975
 29,127
 57,843
 95,900
 14,335
 20,395
 29,714
 40,868
Net revenue $1,198,198
 $861,525
 $3,281,879
 $2,395,801
 $1,655,256
 $1,122,856
 $3,059,525
 $2,083,681

The following table presents long-lived assets by segment (in thousands):
 September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 June 30,
2018
 December 31,
2017
Geographic long-lived assets  
  
  
  
U.S. $311,565
 $233,099
 $457,631
 $353,414
International 7,308
 6,255
 10,791
 7,727
Total $318,873
 $239,354
 $468,422
 $361,141
9. Income Taxes
Income tax expense (benefit) was $0.2$0.3 million and $(0.1)$0.2 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively, and $0.7$0.5 million and $0.6$0.4 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. The income tax expense recorded in the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 20162017 is primarily related to variousincome earned in certain foreign income tax assessments,jurisdictions and U.S. state income taxes and to a lesser extent the amortization of goodwill for tax purposes for which there is no corresponding book deduction.taxes.
Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of temporary differences between the amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and such amounts as measured by tax laws. The Company has deferred tax assets related to its net operating loss carryforwards accumulated since the fourth quarter of 2014 and related to net operating loss carryforwards of certain of its foreign subsidiaries. A valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets is required if, based upon the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company reassesses the valuation allowance on a quarterly basis and has provided a valuation allowance for the full amounton substantially all of its worldwide net deferred tax assets.
The Company had no material unrecognized tax benefits as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016.2017. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. 

10. Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
Preferred Stock
The Company authorized 10,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share, for future issuance. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, the Company had no shares of undesignated preferred stock issued or outstanding.
Common Stock
The Company authorized 500,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, $0.001 par value per share, and 164,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, $0.001 par value per share, of which 56,355,60659,315,145 and 49,945,20257,398,983 shares of Class A common stock and 31,290,48330,161,725 and 35,885,69230,809,627 shares of Class B common stock were outstanding as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, respectively. The rights of the holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock are identical, except with respect to voting and conversion rights. Each share of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote per share and each share of Class B common stock is entitled to ten votes per share. Each share of Class B common stock may be converted into one share of Class A common stock at the option of its holder and will be automatically converted into one share of Class A common stock upon transfer thereof, subject to certain exceptions. In addition, upon the date on which the outstanding shares of Class B common stock represent less than 10% of the aggregate number of shares of the then outstanding Class A common stock and Class B common stock, or in the event of the affirmative vote or written consent of holders of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding shares of Class B common stock, all outstanding shares of Class B common stock shall convert automatically into Class A common stock. Subject to preferences that may apply to any shares of preferred stock outstanding at the time, the holders of common stock are entitled to receive dividends out of funds legally available if the Board, in its discretion, determines to issue dividends and then only at the times and in the amounts that the Board may determine. Since the IPOCompany's initial public offering through SeptemberJune 30, 2017, 43,039,1052018, 49,076,471 shares of Class B common stock were converted to Class A common stock. 
11. Credit Agreement
On February 22, 2017, the Company entered into a $40 million credit card program and a credit agreement consisting of a $100 million secured revolving credit facility (the "Revolver") with Citibank, N.A. ("Citibank"). The Citibank credit facility replaced the Company's existing credit facility with Bank of America, N.A. ("Bank of America"), which was terminated on February 22, 2017 as described below. On September 11, 2017, the Citibank credit agreement was amended with a new letter of credit sublimit ($25 million) and to make clarifying edits to the mandatory prepayment provisions of the credit agreement. On April 12, 2018, the Citibank credit agreement was amended further, including, among other changes: (i) to increase the letter of credit sublimit to $65 million and
The Citibank
(ii) to modify certain baskets in the exceptions to the negative covenants, including, without limitation, the restricted payments, investments and indebtedness covenants.
As amended, the Revolver has a $25$65 million letter of credit sublimit and a $10 million swing line sublimit, and a final maturity date of February 21, 2020. Wayfair LLC is the borrower (the "Borrower") under the Citibank credit agreement. Subject to certain conditions, the Borrower has the right to increase the Revolver by $25 million. Borrowings under the Revolver will bear interest through maturity at a variable rate based upon, at the Borrower’s option, either the Eurodollar rate or the base rate (which is the highest of (x) Citibank's prime rate, (y) one-half of 1.00% in excess of the federal funds effective rate, and (z) 1.00% in excess of the one-month Eurodollar rate), plus, in each case an applicable margin. From closing until September 30, 2019, the applicable margin for Eurodollar rate loans is 1.75% per annum and the applicable margin for base rate loans is 0.75% per annum. After September 30, 2019, the applicable margin is subject to specified changes depending on the applicable consolidated leverage ratio. Any amounts outstanding under the Revolver are due at maturity. In addition, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the credit agreement, the Borrower is required to make certain mandatory prepayments prior to maturity.
The Citibank credit agreement contains affirmative and negative covenants customarily applicable to senior secured credit facilities, including covenants that, among other things, will limit or restrict the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries, subject to negotiated exceptions, to incur additional indebtedness and additional liens on their assets, engage in mergers or acquisitions or dispose of assets, pay dividends or make other distributions, voluntarily prepay other indebtedness, enter into transactions with affiliated persons, make investments, and change the nature of their businesses. In addition, the Citibank credit agreement requires the Company to maintain certain financial ratios. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, the Company was in compliance with its covenants under the Revolver.
The Company previously had a credit agreement with Bank of America, which was replaced by the Citibank credit agreement on February 22, 2017. The Bank of America credit agreement provided the Company with a $20.0 million revolving line of credit to support direct borrowings and letters of credit, provided that a maximum of $5.0 million could be applied to direct borrowings under the revolving line of credit, plus an additional $45.0 million credit card program (which the Company continued to utilize on a transitional basis as of September 30, 2017), for a maximum aggregate commitment of $65.0 million. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Bank of America credit agreement, advances under the line of credit, if any, would bear interest at the LIBOR rate, plus 1.75%. The Bank of America credit agreement also required the Company to maintain certain covenants, including debt service coverage, tangible net worth and unencumbered liquid assets.

The Company did not borrow any amounts under the Revolver or the Bank of America credit agreement during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and the year ended December 31, 2016.2017.
12. Convertible Debt
On September 15, 2017, the Company issued $431.25 million aggregate principal amount of 0.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2022 (the "Notes"), which includes the exercise in full of the $56.25 million over-allotment option, to Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC as the initial purchasers of the Notes (the "Initial Purchasers").
The net proceeds from the sale of the Notes were approximately $420.4 million, after deducting the Initial Purchasers’ discounts and the estimated offering expenses payable by the Company. The Company used approximately $44.2 million of the net proceeds from the offering to pay the cost of the capped call transactions, as further described below, with three financial institutions (the "Option Counterparties"). The Company intends to use the remainder of the net proceeds for working capital and general corporate purposes.
The Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated September 15, 2017 (the "Indenture"), between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. The Company will pay interest on the Notes semiannually in arrears at a rate of 0.375% per annum on March 1 and September 1 of each year commencing on March 1, 2018. The Notes are convertible based upon an initial conversion rate of 9.61 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Notes (equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $104.06 per share of the Company’s Class A common stock). The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events, including certain distributions and dividends to all or substantially all of the holders of the Company’s Class A common stock, but will not be adjusted for accrued and unpaid interest. The Company will settle any conversions of the Notes in cash, shares of the Company’s Class A common stock or a combination thereof, with the form of consideration determined at the Company’s election.
The Notes will mature on September 1, 2022, unless earlier purchased, redeemed or converted. Prior to June 1, 2022, holders may convert all or a portion of their Notes only under the following circumstances: (1) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on December 31, 2017 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of the Company’s Class A common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five5 business day period after any ten10 consecutive trading day period (the "measurement period") in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the Company’s Class A common stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day; (3) with respect to any Notes called for redemption by the Company, at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the redemption date; or (4) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On and after June 1, 2022 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert their Notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances. Holders of Notes who convert their Notes in connection with a make-whole fundamental change or a notice of redemption (each as defined in the Indenture) may be entitled to a premium in the form of an increase in the conversion rate of the Notes.

The Company may not redeem the Notes prior to September 8, 2020. On or after September 8, 2020, the Company may redeem for cash all or part of the Notes if the last reported sale price of the Company’s Class A common stock equals or exceeds 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive), including at least one of the five trading days immediately preceding the date on which the Company provides notice of redemption, during any 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including the trading day immediately preceding the date on which the Company provides notice of the redemption. The redemption price will be 100% of the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any.
Upon the occurrence of a fundamental change (as defined in the Indenture), holders may require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of their Notes for cash at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes to be repurchased plus any accrued but unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date.
Holders of Notes who convert their Notes in connection with a notice of redemption or a make-whole fundamental change (each as defined in the Indenture) may be entitled to a premium in the form of an increase in the conversion rate of the Notes.
The Indenture contains customary terms and covenants, including that upon certain events of default occurring and continuing, either the Trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding may declare the entire principal amount of all the Notes plus accrued interest, if any, to be immediately due and payable.
The Notes are general unsecured obligations of the Company. The Notes rank senior in right of payment to any of the Company’s future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Notes; rank equal in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future unsecured indebtedness that is not so subordinated; are effectively subordinated in right of payment to any of the Company’s secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and are structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and liabilities of the Company’s subsidiaries.

In accounting for the issuance of the Notes, the Company separated the Notes into liability and equity components. The carrying amount of the liability component was calculated by measuring the fair value of a similar liability that does not have an associated convertible feature. The carrying amount of the equity component, representing the conversion option, which does not meet the criteria for separate accounting as a derivative as it is indexed to the Company's own stock, was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the par value of the Notes. The difference between the principal amount of the Notes and the liability component represents the debt discount, which is recorded as a direct deduction from the related debt liability in the consolidated and condensed balance sheet and amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the Notes. The equity component of the Notes of approximately $95.8 million is included in additional paid-in capital in the consolidated and condensed balance sheet and is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification. The Company allocated transaction costs related to the Notes using the same proportions as the proceeds from the Notes. Transaction costs attributable to the liability component were recorded as a direct deduction from the related debt liability in the consolidated and condensed balance sheet and amortized to interest expense over the term of the Notes, and transaction costs attributable to the equity component were netted with the equity component in shareholders’ equity.
Interest expense related to the Notes for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 was $0.9$5.1 million and $0.9$10.1 million, respectively, whichrespectively. Interest expense is also comprised of the amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs and the contractual coupon interest. Accrued interest related to the Notes as of September 30, 2017 was $0.9 million and is recorded in "Accrued expenses" in the unaudited consolidated and condensed balance sheet.
The estimated fair value of the Notes was $415.0$555.4 million as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2018. The estimated fair value of the Notes was determined through consideration of quoted market prices. The fair value is classified as Level 2, as defined in Note 3, Marketable Securities and Fair Value Measurements.
On September 11, 2017, the Company entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (the "Base Capped Call Transactions") with the Option Counterparties and, in connection with the exercise in full of the over-allotment option by the Initial Purchasers, on September 14, 2017 entered into additional capped call transactions (such additional capped call transactions, the "Additional Capped Call Transactions" and, together with the Base Capped Call Transactions, the "Capped Call Transactions") with the Option Counterparties. The Capped Call Transactions are expected generally to reduce the potential dilution and/or offset the cash payments the Company is required to make in excess of the principal amount of the Notes upon conversion of the Notes in the event that the market price per share of the Company’s Class A common stock is greater than the strike price of the Capped Call Transactions (which initially corresponds to the initial conversion price of the Notes and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the Capped Call Transactions), with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap based on the cap price of the Capped Call Transactions. The Capped Call Transactions have an initial cap price of $154.16 per share of the Company’s Class A common stock, which represents a premium of 100% over the last reported sale price of the Company’s Class A common stock on September 11, 2017, and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of

the Capped Call Transactions. Collectively, the Capped Call Transactions cover, initially, the number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock underlying the Notes, subject to anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those applicable to the Notes.
The Capped Call Transactions are separate transactions, in each case, entered into by the Company with the Option Counterparties, and are not part of the terms of the Notes and will not affect any holder’s rights under the Notes. Holders of the Notes will not have any rights with respect to the Capped Call Transactions. The Capped Call Transactions do not meet the criteria for separate accounting as a derivative as they are indexed to the Company's stock. The premiums paid for the Capped Call Transactions have been included as a net reduction to additional paid-in capital within shareholders’ equity.
13. Net Loss per Share
Basic and diluted net loss per share is presented using the two classtwo-class method required for participating securities: Class A and Class B common stock. The rights of the holders of Class A and Class B common stock are identical, except with respect to voting and conversion. For more information on the rights of Class A and Class B common stockholders, see Note 10, Stockholders' Equity (Deficit).
Basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and, if dilutive, common stock equivalents outstanding during the period. The Company's common stock equivalents consist of shares issuable upon the release of restricted stock units, and unvested restrictedto a lesser extent, the incremental shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options and potential shares from instruments convertible into commonunvested restricted stock. The dilutive effect of these common stock equivalents is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method. The Company's basic and diluted net loss per share are the same because the Company has generated net loss attributable to common stockholders and common stock equivalents are excluded from diluted net loss per share because they have an antidilutive impact.

The Company allocates undistributed earnings between the classes on a one-to-one basis when computing net loss per share. As a result, basic and diluted net loss per Class A and Class B shares are equivalent.
The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except per share data): 
 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016 2018 2017 2018 2017
Net loss $(76,429) $(60,940) $(171,843) $(150,419) $(100,734) $(38,875) $(208,509) $(95,414)
Weighted average common shares used for basic and diluted net loss per share computation 87,283
 85,105
 86,679
 84,779
 89,158
 86,714
 88,814
 86,374
Net loss per share:        
Net loss per common share:        
Basic and Diluted $(0.88) $(0.72) $(1.98) $(1.77) $(1.13) $(0.45) $(2.35) $(1.10)
Dilutive common stock equivalents, representing potentially dilutive common stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units, of 6.67.7 million and 7.0 million for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2018 and 2017, and 6.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016,respectively, were excluded from diluted earnings per share calculations for these periods because of their anti-dilutive effect. ForFurthermore, the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2017,shares of Class A common stock that would be issuable if the Company alsoelects to settle the Notes in shares were excluded the potentially dilutive impact to Class A shares from the issuance ofdiluted earnings per share calculation (using the Notes, sinceif-converted method) for the six month period ended June 30, 2018 because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.
The Company may settle the conversions of the Notes in cash, shares of the Company's Class A common stock or any combination thereof at its election. The number of shares of the Company's Class A common stock issuable at the conversion price of $104.06 per share is expected to be 4.1 million shares, however the Capped Call Transactions are designedexpected generally to reduce the potential dilution of ourthe Company's Class A sharescommon stock upon any conversion of Notes and/or offset the cash payments the Company is required to make in excess of the principal amount of the Notes. Under the Capped Call Transactions, the number of shares of Class A common stock issuable at the conversion price of $154.16 is expected to be 2.8 million shares. For more information on the Notes and the Capped Call Transactions, see Note 12, Convertible Debt.

14. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Stock Compensation
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, "Compensation - Stock Compensation" ("ASU 2016-09"). This ASU revises the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and an option to recognize gross stock compensation expense with actual forfeitures recognized as they occur, as well as certain classifications on the statement of cash flows. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim reporting periods within that reporting year, and early adoption is permitted.
The Company adopted ASU 2016-09 as of January 1, 2017 using a modified retrospective approach with the option to recognize gross stock compensation expense with actual forfeitures recognized as they occur, with a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings recognized as of January 1, 2017 of $8.7 million. The adoption of ASU 2016-09 also requires all income tax adjustments to be recorded in the consolidated and condensed statements of operations.
Revenue Recognition
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" ("ASU 2014-09"). This ASU is a comprehensive new revenue recognition model that requires a company to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. This ASU was originally effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and early adoption was not permitted.
In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers – Deferral of the Effective Date" (ASU-2015-14), which defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09 for one year and permits early adoption as early as the original effective date of ASU 2014-09. Accordingly, ASU 2014-09 is now effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and early adoption is permitted only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim reporting periods within that reporting year.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Principal versus Agent Considerations" ("ASU 2016-08"). This ASU clarifies the implementation guidance for principal versus agent considerations in ASU 2014-09. This ASU is effective at the same period as ASU 2015-14 and ASU 2014-09.
Management expects to adopt ASU 2014-09, ASU 2015-14, and ASU 2016-08 (collectively, the "Revenue Recognition Accounting Pronouncements") for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting year. While management is still in its assessment process, management generally expects to identify substantially similar performance obligations after adoption of the Revenue Recognition Accounting Pronouncements as compared with deliverables and separate units of accounting under previous revenue recognition guidance. Therefore, the Company generally does not expect the impact of the adoption of the Revenue Recognition Accounting Pronouncements to be significant to its consolidated financial statements, processes, or systems. As we continue to evaluate the impact of the Revenue Recognition Accounting Pronouncements, we have identified no material changes to our current revenue recognition accounting policy for product sales generated through the Company's sites, or Direct Retail, which we identified as our most significant revenue stream. Management expects to apply the Revenue Recognition Accounting Pronouncements retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying the Revenue Recognition Accounting Pronouncements recognized at the date of initial application recorded as an adjustment to retained earnings, referred to as the "Modified Retrospective Approach."
Leases
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases" ("ASU 2016-02"). This ASU revises the accounting related to leases by requiring lessees to recognize a lease liability and a right-of-use asset for all leases. The new lease guidance also simplifies the accounting for sale and leaseback transactions. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted. Management expects to adopt ASU 2016-02 for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Management is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this ASU on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, and expects it will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements, primarily the consolidated balance sheets and related disclosures.


ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the consolidated and condensed financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.2017. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. As a result of many factors, such as those included in the Special Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements and in Part II, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016,2017, our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements.
The following discussion includes financial information prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), as well as certain adjusted or non-GAAP financial measures such as Adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP diluted net loss per share and free cash flow. Generally, a non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of financial performance, financial position or cash flows that excludes (or includes) amounts that are included in (or excluded from) the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. Management believes the use of these non-GAAP measures on a consolidated and reportable segment basis assists investors in understanding the ongoing operating performance of our business by presenting comparable financial results between periods. For more information on these non-GAAP financial measures, including reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, see "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below.
Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to "Wayfair," "the Company," "we," "us" or "our" refer to Wayfair Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. 
Overview
We are one of the world's largest online destinations for the home. Through our e-commerce business model, we offer visually inspired browsing, compelling merchandising, easy product discovery and attractive prices for over eightten million products from approximatelyover 10,000 suppliers. Because of the large market opportunity we see in front of us, we are currently investing across our business, including investments to expand our international business, to build our proprietary logistics network and to continue developing various product categories.
Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2016, we changed ourOur operating and reportable segments from one segment to two operating and reportable segments,are U.S. and International. The following table presents Direct Retail and Other net revenues attributable to the Company’s reportable segments for the periods presented (in thousands):
 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016 2018 2017 2018 2017
U.S. Direct Retail $1,033,669
 $759,674
 $2,847,898
 $2,134,782
 $1,397,009
 $976,673
 $2,583,214
 $1,814,229
U.S. Other 16,975
 28,127
 57,843
 91,613
 14,335
 20,395
 29,714
 40,868
U.S. segment net revenue 1,050,644
 787,801
 2,905,741
 2,226,395
 1,411,344
 997,068
 2,612,928
 1,855,097
International Direct Retail 147,554
 72,724
 376,138
 165,119
 243,912
 125,788
 446,597
 228,584
International Other 
 1,000
 
 4,287
International segment net revenue 147,554
 73,724
 376,138
 169,406
 243,912
 125,788
 446,597
 228,584
Total net revenue $1,198,198
 $861,525
 $3,281,879
 $2,395,801
 $1,655,256
 $1,122,856
 $3,059,525
 $2,083,681
For more information on our segments, see Note 8, Segment and Geographic Information, included in Part I, Item 1, Unaudited Consolidated and Condensed Financial Statements, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Key Financial and Operating Metrics
We measure our business using both financial and operating metrics. Our free cash flow metric is measured on a consolidated basis. Our net revenue and Adjusted EBITDA metrics are measured on a consolidated and segment basis. See Note 8, Segment and Geographic Information, included in Part I, Item 1, Unaudited Consolidated and Condensed Financial Statements, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. All other key financial and operating metrics are derived and reported from our Direct Retail sales, which includes sales generated primarily through our five distinct sites. These metrics do not include net revenue derived from the siteswebsites operated by our retail partners.partners and our media solutions business. We do not have access to certain customer level information on net revenue derived through our retail partners and therefore cannot measure or disclose it.
We use the following metrics to assess the near-term and longer-term performance of our overall business (in thousands, except LTM Net Revenue per Active Customer and Average Order Value):
 Three months ended September 30,   Three months ended June 30,  
 2017 2016 % Change 2018 2017 % Change
Consolidated Financial Metrics  
  
  
  
  
  
Net Revenue $1,198,198
 $861,525
 39.1% $1,655,256
 $1,122,856
 47.4 %
Adjusted EBITDA $(22,672) $(30,849)  
 $(34,809) $(2,246)  
Free cash flow $(18,463) $(13,968)  
 $(7,545) $(27,225)  
Direct Retail Financial and Operating Metrics      
      
Direct Retail Net Revenue $1,181,223
 $832,398
 41.9% $1,640,921
 $1,102,461
 48.8 %
Active Customers 10,250
 7,362
 39.2% 12,792
 9,547
 34.0 %
LTM Net Revenue per Active Customer $408
 $406
 0.5% $440
 $402
 9.5 %
Orders Delivered 4,719
 3,417
 38.1% 6,452
 4,278
 50.8 %
Average Order Value $250
 $244
 2.5% $254
 $258
 (1.6)%
 Nine months ended September 30,   Six months ended June 30,  
 2017 2016 % Change 2018 2017 % Change
Consolidated Financial Metrics  
  
  
  
  
  
Net Revenue $3,281,879
 $2,395,801
 37.0 % $3,059,525
 $2,083,681
 46.8%
Adjusted EBITDA $(45,814) $(76,666)  
 $(84,769) $(23,142)  
Free cash flow $(114,658) $(113,968)  
 $(55,139) $(96,195)  
Direct Retail Financial and Operating Metrics      
      
Direct Retail Net Revenue $3,224,036
 $2,299,901
 40.2 % $3,029,811
 $2,042,813
 48.3%
Active Customers 10,250
 7,362
 39.2 % 12,792
 9,547
 34.0%
LTM Net Revenue per Active Customer $408
 $406
 0.5 % $440
 $402
 9.5%
Orders Delivered 13,209
 9,343
 41.4 % 12,340
 8,490
 45.3%
Average Order Value $244
 $246
 (0.8)% $246
 $241
 2.1%
 
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Adjusted EBITDA
To provide investors with additional information regarding our financial results, we have disclosed here and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure that we calculate as income (loss) before depreciation and amortization, equity-based compensation and related taxes, interest and other income and expense, provision for income taxes, and non-recurring items. We have provided a reconciliation below of Adjusted EBITDA to net loss, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure. 
We have included Adjusted EBITDA in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q because it is a key measure used by our management and board of directors to evaluate our operating performance, generate future operating plans, and make strategic decisions regarding the allocation of capital. In particular, the exclusion of certain expenses in calculating Adjusted EBITDA facilitates operating performance comparisons on a period-to-period basis. Accordingly, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA

provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our operating results in the same manner as our management and board of directors.

Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are: 
Although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect cash capital expenditure requirements for such replacements or for new capital expenditure requirements;
Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect equity based compensation and related taxes;
Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect changes in our working capital;
Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect income tax payments that may represent a reduction in cash available to us;
Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect depreciation and interest expenses associated with the lease financing obligations;obligation; and
Other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate Adjusted EBITDA differently, which reduces its usefulness as a comparative measure.
Because of these limitations, you should consider Adjusted EBITDA alongside other financial performance measures, including various cash flow metrics, net loss and our other GAAP results.
The following table reflects the reconciliation of net loss to Adjusted EBITDA for each of the periods indicated (in thousands): 
  Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
  2017 2016 2017 2016
Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA  
  
  
  
Net loss $(76,429) $(60,940) $(171,843) $(150,419)
Depreciation and amortization (1) 22,913
 15,463
 62,588
 38,528
Equity based compensation and related taxes 19,598
 15,308
 50,539
 37,265
Interest expense (income), net 2,008
 292
 3,857
 (791)
Other expense (income), net 227
 (889) (400) (1,804)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes 237
 (83) 671
 555
Other (1) 8,774
 
 8,774
 
Adjusted EBITDA $(22,672) $(30,849) $(45,814) $(76,666)
(1) We recorded $9.6 million of one-time charges in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 in "Operations, technology, general and administrative" in the unaudited consolidated and condensed statements of operations related to a warehouse we vacated in July 2017. Of the $9.6 million charges, $8.8 million was included in "Other" and related primarily to the excess of our estimated future remaining lease commitments through 2023 over our expected sublease income over the same period, and $0.8 million was included in "Depreciation and amortization" related to accelerated depreciation of leasehold improvements in the warehouse.
  Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
  2018 2017 2018 2017
Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA  
  
  
  
Net loss $(100,734) $(38,875) $(208,509) $(95,414)
Depreciation and amortization 28,920
 19,323
 54,882
 39,675
Equity based compensation and related taxes 31,610
 15,983
 58,757
 30,941
Interest expense, net 5,796
 1,550
 11,203
 1,849
Other (income), net (666) (451) (1,607) (627)
Provision for income taxes 265
 224
 505
 434
Adjusted EBITDA $(34,809) $(2,246) $(84,769) $(23,142)
Free Cash Flow
To provide investors with additional information regarding our financial results, we have also disclosed here and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q free cash flow, a non-GAAP financial measure that we calculate as net cash provided by (used in) operating activities less net cash used to purchase property and equipment and site and software development costs. We have provided a reconciliation below of free cash flow to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.
We have included free cash flow in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q because it is an important indicator of our business performance as it measures the amount of cash we generate. Accordingly, we believe that free cash flow provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our operating results in the same manner as our management.

Free cash flow has limitations as an analytical tool because it omits certain components of the cash flow statement and does not represent the residual cash flow available for discretionary expenditures. Further, other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate free cash flow differently. Accordingly, you should not consider free cash flow in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Because of these limitations, you should consider free cash flow alongside other financial performance measures, including net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, capital expenditures and our other GAAP results.

The following table presents a reconciliation of free cash flow to net cash provided by (used in)used in operating activities for each of the periods indicated (in thousands):
 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016 2018 2017 2018 2017
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $24,752
 $15,621
 $(3,245) $(10,680) $47,604
 $18,101
 $34,527
 $(27,997)
Purchase of property and equipment (30,980) (20,408) (76,528) (81,844) (39,730) (33,596) (61,093) (45,548)
Site and software development costs (12,235) (9,181) (34,885) (21,444) (15,419) (11,730) (28,573) (22,650)
Free cash flow $(18,463) $(13,968) $(114,658) $(113,968) $(7,545) $(27,225) $(55,139) $(96,195)
Key Operating Metrics (Direct Retail)
Active Customers
As of the last date of each reported period, we determine our number of active customers by counting the total number of individual customers who have purchased at least once directly from our sites during the preceding twelve-month period. The change in active customers in a reported period captures both the inflow of new customers as well as the outflow of existing customers who have not made a purchase in the last twelve months. We view the number of active customers as a key indicator of our growth.
LTM Net Revenue Per Active Customer
We define LTM net revenue per active customer as our total net revenue derived from Direct Retail sales in the last twelve months divided by our total number of active customers for the same preceding twelve-month period. We view LTM net revenue per active customer as a key indicator of our customers' purchasing patterns, including their initial and repeat purchase behavior.
Orders Delivered
We define orders delivered as the total Direct Retail orders delivered in any period, inclusive of orders that may eventually be returned. As we ship a large volume of packages through multiple carriers, actual delivery dates may not always be available, and as such we estimate delivery dates based on historical data. We recognize net revenue when an order is delivered and therefore orders delivered, together with average order value, is an indicator of the net revenue we expect to recognize in a given period. We view orders delivered as a key indicator of our growth.
Average Order Value
We define average order value as total Direct Retail net revenue in a given period divided by the orders delivered in that period. We view average order value as a key indicator of the mix of products on our sites, the mix of offers and promotions and the purchasing behavior of our customers.
Factors Affecting our Performance
We believe that our performance and future success depend on a number of factors that present significant opportunities for us but also pose risks and challenges, including those set forth under Part II, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.2017.

Components of Our Results of Operations
Net Revenue
Net revenue consists primarily of sales of product from our sites and through the sites of our online retail partners and includes related shipping fees. We deduct cash discounts, allowances and estimated returns from gross revenue to determine net revenue. We recognize product revenue upon delivery to our customers. Net revenue is primarily driven by growth of new and active customers and the frequency with which customers purchase. The products offered on our sites are fulfilled with product we ship to our customers directly from our suppliers and, increasingly, from our CastleGate warehouses.
We also generate net revenue through third-party advertisers that pay us based on the number of advertisement related clicks, actions, or impressions for advertisements placed on our sites. Net revenue earned under these arrangements is included in net revenue and net revenue through our third-party advertisers is recognized in the period in which the click, action or impression occurs. This revenue has not been material to date.

Cost of Goods Sold
Cost of goods sold consists of the cost of product sold to customers, shipping and handling costs and shipping supplies and fulfillment costs. Fulfillment costs include costs incurred in operating and staffing the fulfillment centers, such as costs attributed to receiving, inspecting, picking, packaging and preparing customer orders for shipment. Cost of goods sold also includes direct and indirect labor costs, including equity-based compensation, for fulfillment center oversight, including payroll and related benefit costs. The increase in cost of goods sold is primarily driven by growth in orders delivered, the mix of the product available for sale on our sites and transportation costs related to delivering orders to our customers.
We earn rebates on our incentive programs with our suppliers. These rebates are earned upon shipment of goods. Amounts due from suppliers as a result of these rebate programs are included as a receivable and are reflected as a reduction of cost of goods sold on the consolidated and condensed statements of operations. We also perform logistics services for suppliers through our CastleGate solution, which are earned upon completion of preparing customer orders for shipment and are reflected as a reduction of cost of goods sold on the consolidated and condensed statements of operations. We expect cost of goods sold expenses to remain relatively stable as a percentage of net revenue but some fluctuations are expected due to the wide variety of products we sell.
Customer Service and Merchant Fees
Customer service and merchant fees consist of labor-related costs, including equity-based compensation, of our employees involved in customer service activities and merchant processing fees associated with customer payments made by credit cards and debit cards. Increases in our customer service and merchant fees are driven by the growth in our revenue and are expected to remain relatively consistent as a percentage of revenue.
Advertising
Advertising consists of direct response performance marketing costs, such as display advertising, paid search advertising, social media advertising, search engine optimization, comparison shopping engine advertising, television advertising, direct mail, catalog and print advertising. We expect advertising expense to continue to increase but decrease as a percentage of net revenue over time due to our increasing base of repeat customers.
Merchandising, Marketing and Sales
Merchandising, marketing and sales expenses include labor-related costs, including equity-based compensation, for our category managers, buyers, site merchandisers, merchants, marketers and the team who executes our advertising strategy. Sales, marketing and merchandising expenses are primarily driven by investments to grow and retain our customer base. We expect merchandising, marketing and sales expenses to continue to increase as we grow our net revenue.
Selling, Operations, Technology and General and Administrative
Operations,Selling, operations, technology, general and administrative expenses primarily include labor-related costs, including equity-based compensation, of our operations group, that leadswhich includes our supply chain and logistics function,team, our technology team, which builds and supports our sites, category managers, buyers, site merchandisers, merchants, marketers and the team who executes our advertising strategy, and our corporate general and administrative team, which includes human resources, finance and accounting personnel. Also included are administrative and professional service fees including audit and legal fees, insurance and other corporate expenses, including depreciation and rent. We expect selling, operations, technology, general and administrative expenses will continue to increase as we grow our net revenue and operations.

Interest (Expense) Income,Expense, Net
Interest (expense) income,expense, net consists primarily of interest expense for the convertible debt and lease financing obligations, partially offset by interest income earned on cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments held by us and partially offset by interest expense on the lease financing obligations.us.
Other (Expense) Income, Net
Other (expense) income, net consists primarily of foreign currency gains (losses) gains..

Results of Consolidated Operations (in thousands)
Comparison of the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 20162017
Net revenue 
 Three months ended September 30,   Three months ended June 30,  
 2017 2016 % Change 2018 2017 % Change
Direct Retail $1,181,223
 $832,398
 41.9 % $1,640,921
 $1,102,461
 48.8 %
Other 16,975
 29,127
 (41.7)% 14,335
 20,395
 (29.7)%
Net revenue $1,198,198
 $861,525
 39.1 % $1,655,256
 $1,122,856
 47.4 %
In the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, net revenue increased by $336.7$532.4 million, or 39.1%47.4% compared to the same period in 2016,2017, primarily as a result of an increase in Direct Retail net revenue. In the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, Direct Retail net revenue increased by $348.8$538.5 million, or 41.9%48.8% compared to the same period in 2016,2017, primarily due to sales to a larger customer base, as the number of active customers increased 39.2%34.0% as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 compared to SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2017. The $12.2$6.1 million or 41.7%29.7% decrease in Other revenue in the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 as compared to the same period in 20162017 was primarily due to decreased sales through our retail partners, as we continue to focus more on our Direct Retail business over time.
Cost of goods sold
 Three months ended September 30,   Three months ended June 30,  
 2017 2016 % Change 2018 2017 % Change
Cost of goods sold $917,889
 $659,864
 39.1% $1,270,249
 $853,390
 48.8%
As a percentage of net revenue 76.6% 76.6%  
 76.7% 76.0%  
In the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, cost of goods sold increased by $258.0$416.9 million, or 39.1%48.8%, compared to the same period in 2016.2017. Of the increase in cost of goods sold, $201.9$322.8 million was due to the increase in products sold to our larger customer base. In addition, shipping and fulfillment costs increased $56.1$94.1 million as a result of the increase in products sold during the period. Cost of goods sold as a percentage of net revenue was consistentincreased in the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 compared to the same period in 2016.

2017 as a result of the mix of the products sold.
Operating expenses  
 Three months ended September 30,   Three months ended June 30,  
 2017 2016 % Change 2018 2017 % Change
Customer service and merchant fees (1) $42,949
 $33,872
 26.8% $61,792
 $39,125
 57.9%
Advertising 141,714
 101,333
 39.8% 177,582
 124,241
 42.9%
Merchandising, marketing and sales (1) 56,934
 48,550
 17.3%
Operations, technology, general and administrative (1) 112,669
 79,526
 41.7%
Selling, operations, technology, general and administrative 240,972
 143,652
 67.7%
 $354,266
 $263,281
 34.6% $480,346
 $307,018
 56.5%
As a percentage of net revenue:  
  
  
  
  
  
Customer service and merchant fees (1) 3.6% 3.9%  
 3.7% 3.5%  
Advertising 11.8% 11.8%  
 10.7% 11.1%  
Merchandising, marketing and sales (1) 4.8% 5.6%  
Operations, technology, general and administrative (1) 9.4% 9.2%  
Selling operations, technology, general and administrative (1) 14.6% 12.8%  
 29.6% 30.5%  
 29.0% 27.4%  
(1) Includes equity-based compensation and related taxes as follows:  
  Three months ended September 30,  
  2017 2016  
Customer service and merchant fees $636
 $627
  
Merchandising, marketing and sales $8,849
 $6,588
  
Operations, technology, general and administrative $9,831
 $7,881
  
  Three months ended June 30,  
  2018 2017  
Customer service and merchant fees $1,133
 $586
  
Selling operations, technology, general and administrative $29,840
 $15,192
  

The following table summarizes operating expenses as a percentage of net revenue, excluding equity-based compensation and related taxes:
  Three months ended September 30,  
  2017 2016  
   
  
  
Customer service and merchant fees 3.5% 3.9%  
Merchandising, marketing and sales 4.0% 4.9%  
Operations, technology, general and administrative 8.6% 8.3%  
  Three months ended June 30,  
  2018 2017  
Customer service and merchant fees 3.7% 3.4%  
Selling, operations, technology, general and administrative 12.8% 11.4%  
Excluding the impact of equity based compensation and related taxes, customer service costs and merchant processing fees increased by $9.1$22.1 million in the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 compared to the same period in 2016,2017, primarily due to the increase in net revenue during the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2018.
Our advertising expenses increased by $40.4$53.3 million in the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 compared to the same period in 2016,2017, primarily as a result of an increase in online and television advertising. Advertising was relatively consistent as a percentage of net revenue in the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 compared to the same period in 2016.2017.
Excluding the impact of equity based compensation and related taxes, merchandising, marketing and sales expenses increased by $6.1 million in the three months ended September 30, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016, primarily due to the increase in headcount to grow and retain our customer base.
Excluding the impact of equity based compensation and related taxes,selling, operations, technology, general and administrative expense increased by $31.1$82.7 million in the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 compared to the same period in 2016.2017. As our revenue continues to grow, we have invested in headcount in both operations and technology to continue to deliver a great experience for our customers. The increase in operations, technology, general and administrative expense was primarily attributable to personnel costs, rent, information technology, and depreciation and amortization.

Comparison of the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 20162017
Net revenue 
 Nine months ended September 30,   Six months ended June 30,  
 2017 2016 % Change 2018 2017 % Change
Direct Retail $3,224,036
 $2,299,901
 40.2 % $3,029,811
 $2,042,813
 48.3 %
Other 57,843
 95,900
 (39.7)% 29,714
 40,868
 (27.3)%
Net revenue $3,281,879
 $2,395,801
 37.0 % $3,059,525
 $2,083,681
 46.8 %
In the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, net revenue increased by $886.1$975.8 million, or 37.0%46.8% compared to the same period in 2016,2017, primarily as a result of an increase in Direct Retail net revenue. In the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, Direct Retail net revenue increased by $924.1$987.0 million, or 40.2%48.3% compared to the same period in 2016,2017, primarily due to sales to a larger customer base, as the number of active customers increased 39.2%34.0% as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 compared to SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2017. Additionally, LTM net revenue per active customer increased 9.5% as of June 30, 2018 compared to June 30, 2017. The $38.1$11.2 million or 39.7%27.3% decrease in Other revenue in the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 as compared to the same period in 20162017 was primarily due to decreased sales through our retail partners, as we continue to focus more on our Direct Retail business over time.
Cost of goods sold
 Nine months ended September 30,   Six months ended June 30,  
 2017 2016 % Change 2018 2017 % Change
Cost of goods sold $2,495,221
 $1,826,570
 36.6% $2,350,694
 $1,577,332
 49.0%
As a percentage of net revenue 76.0% 76.2%  
 76.8% 75.7%  
In the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, cost of goods sold increased by $668.7$773.4 million, or 36.6%49.0%, compared to the same period in 2016.2017. Of the increase in cost of goods sold, $527.0$594.3 million was due to the increase in products sold to our larger customer base. In addition, shipping and fulfillment costs increased $141.7$179.1 million as a result of the increase in products sold during the period. Cost of goods sold as a percentage of net revenue decreasedincreased in the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 compared to the same period in 20162017 as a result of changes in the mix of the products sold.

Operating expenses  
 Nine months ended September 30,   Six months ended June 30,  
 2017 2016 % Change 2018 2017 % Change
Customer service and merchant fees (1) $117,132
 $91,286
 28.3% $115,676
 $74,183
 55.9%
Advertising 384,220
 293,436
 30.9% 339,228
 242,506
 39.9%
Merchandising, marketing and sales (1) 160,033
 129,679
 23.4%
Operations, technology, general and administrative (1) 292,988
 207,289
 41.3%
Selling, operations, technology, general and administrative (1) 452,335
 283,418
 59.6%
Total operating expenses $954,373
 $721,690
 32.2% $907,239
 $600,107
 51.2%
As a percentage of net revenue  
  
  
  
  
  
Customer service and merchant fees (1) 3.6% 3.8%  
 3.8% 3.6%  
Advertising 11.7% 12.2%  
 11.1% 11.6%  
Merchandising, marketing and sales (1) 4.9% 5.4%  
Operations, technology, general and administrative (1) 8.9% 8.7%  
Selling, operations, technology, general and administrative (1) 14.8% 13.6%  
 29.1% 30.1%  
 29.7% 28.8%  
(1) Includes equity-based compensation and related taxes as follows:  
  Nine months ended September 30,  
  2017 2016  
Customer service and merchant fees $1,866
 $1,488
  
Merchandising, marketing and sales $24,014
 $16,910
  
Operations, technology, general and administrative $24,027
 $18,510
  
  Six months ended June 30,  
  2018 2017  
Customer service and merchant fees $2,103
 $1,230
  
Selling, operations, technology, general and administrative $55,452
 $29,361
  
The following table summarizes operating expenses as a percentage of net revenue, excluding equity-based compensation and related taxes:
  Nine months ended September 30,  
  2017 2016  
As a percentage of net revenue  
  
  
Customer service and merchant fees 3.5% 3.7%  
Merchandising, marketing and sales 4.1% 4.7%  
Operations, technology, general and administrative 8.2% 7.9%  
  Six months ended June 30,  
  2018 2017  
Customer service and merchant fees 3.7% 3.5%  
Selling, operations, technology, general and administrative 13.0% 12.2%  
Excluding the impact of equity based compensation and related taxes, customer service costs and merchant processing fees increased by $25.5$40.6 million in the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 compared to the same period in 2016,2017, primarily due to the increase in net revenue during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2018.
Our advertising expenses increased by $90.8$96.7 million in the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 compared to the same period in 2016,2017, primarily as a result of an increase in online and television advertising. Advertising decreased as a percentage of net revenue in the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 compared to the same period in 20162017 primarily due to increased leverage from our growing base of repeat customers, and television advertising expense not increasing at the same rate as revenue growth in the U.S., partially offset by advertising investments in Europe and Canada.
Excluding the impact of equity based compensation and related taxes, merchandising, marketing and sales expenses increased by $23.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016, primarily due to an increase in headcount to grow and retain our customer base.
Excluding the impact of equity based compensation and related taxes,selling, operations, technology, general and administrative expense increased by $80.2$142.8 million in the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 compared to the same period in 2016.2017. As our revenue continues to grow, we have invested in headcount in both operations and technology to continue to deliver a great experience for our customers. The increase in selling, operations, technology, general and administrative expense was primarily attributable to personnel costs, rent, information technology, and depreciation and amortization.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
 Sources of Liquidity 
 September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 June 30,
2018
 December 31,
2017
 (in thousands) (in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents $553,721
 $279,840
 $529,452
 $558,960
Short-term investments $56,699
 $68,743
 $45,934
 $61,032
Accounts receivable, net $27,521
 $19,113
 $34,823
 $37,948
Long-term investments $29,809
 $30,967
 $9,767
 $21,561
Working capital $126,346
 $(80,129) $(96,337) $77,065
 Historical Cash Flows 
 Nine months ended September 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2018 2017
 (in thousands) (in thousands)
Net loss $(171,843) $(150,419) $(208,509) $(95,414)
Net cash used in operating activities $(3,245) $(10,680)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $34,527
 $(27,997)
Net cash used in investing activities $(98,512) $(97,178) $(63,287) $(47,497)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities $375,225
 $(18,260)
Net cash used in financing activities $(561) $(1,090)
At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, our principal source of liquidity was cash and cash equivalents and short- and long-term investments totaling $640.2$585.2 million, which includes $420.4 million of net proceeds from the issuance of our convertible notes in September 2017, partially offset by $44.2 million in premiums paid at the same time for separate capped call transactions. We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents and investments, together with cash generated from operations and the cash available under our revolving credit facility, will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for at least the foreseeable future. However, our liquidity assumptions may prove to be incorrect, and we could exhaust our available financial resources sooner than we currently expect. In addition, we may elect to raise additional funds at any time through equity, equity linked or debt financing arrangements. 
Capital expenditures were 3.8%3.1% of net revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016,2017, and related primarily to putting a new data center online, our ongoing investments in our technology infrastructure, and equipment purchases and improvements for leased warehouses within our expanding supply chain network. Capital expenditures were 3.6%3.3% of net revenue for the quarter ended June 30, 2018. For the three months ending September 30, 2017, consistent with our forecast of above 3.0%, primarily due to the planned build out of our logistics network. For the full year 2017,2018, we expect capital expenditures to be approximately 3.0% to 4.0% of net revenue. revenue as we continue to build out our logistics network.
Our future capital requirements and the adequacy of available funds will depend on many factors, including those described herein and in our other filings with the SEC, including those set forth under in Part II, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.2017. We may not be able to secure additional financing to meet our operating requirements on acceptable terms, or at all. 
Operating Activities
Cash usedflows in connection with operating activities consisted of net loss adjusted for certain non-cash items including depreciation and amortization, equity-based compensation, and certain other non-cash expenses, as well as the effect of changes in working capital and other activities. Operating cash flows can be volatile and are sensitive to many factors, including changes in working capital and our net loss.
Cash used inprovided by operating activities in the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 was $3.2$34.5 million and was driven primarily by net loss of $171.8$208.5 million, partially offset by cash provided by operating assets and liabilities of $57.5$124.5 million and the net impact of certain non-cash items including depreciation and amortization expense of $62.6$54.9 million, equity based compensation of $46.7$54.2 million, other non-cash items of $0.9 million, and amortization of discount and issuance costs related to our convertible notes of $0.9$9.4 million and other non-cash items of $0.1 million.
Cash used in operating activities in the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 was $10.7$28.0 million and was driven primarily by net loss of $150.4$95.4 million and other non-cash itemscash used in operating assets and liabilities of $0.1$1.7 million, partially offset by cash provided by operatingcertain non-cash

assets and liabilities of $66.1 million, and certain non-cash items including depreciation and amortization expense of $38.5$39.7 million, and equity based compensation of $35.2$28.5 million, and other non-cash items of $0.9 million. Operating cash flows can be volatile and are sensitive to many factors, including changes in working capital and our net loss.
 Investing Activities
Our primary investing activities consisted of purchases of property and equipment, particularly purchases of servers and networking equipment, investment in our sites and software development, purchases and disposal of short-term and long-term investments, and leasehold improvements for our facilities.
Cash used in investing activities in the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 was $98.5$63.3 million and was primarily driven by purchases of property and equipment of $76.5 million, purchases of short-term and long-term investments of $47.6$61.0 million and site, and software development costs of $34.9$28.6 million, and other investing activities of $0.3 million, partially offset by net increase in the maturity of short-term investments of $60.5$26.6 million.
Cash used in investing activities in the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 was $97.2$47.5 million and was primarily driven by purchases of property and equipment of $81.8$45.5 million, purchases of short-term and long-term investments of $76.5$25.3 million, and site and software development costs of $21.5 million, and other net investing activities of $1.0$22.7 million, partially offset by net increase in the maturity of short-term investments of $82.1 million, and cash received from the sale of a business (net of cash sold) of $1.5$46.0 million.
Financing Activities
Cash provided byused in financing activities in the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 was $375.2$0.6 million and was primarily due to $420.4 million of proceeds from the issuance of our 0.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2022 (the "Notes") and $0.2 million net proceeds from the exercise of stock options, partially offset by $44.1 million in premiums paid for separate capped call transactions, and $1.3$0.6 million statutory minimum taxes paid related to net share settlements of equity awards. As expected, our new sell-to-cover policy, which began in the second half of 2016 and requires employees to sell a portion of the shares they receive upon vesting of RSUs in order to cover any required withholding taxes, materially reduced cash used in financing activities related to taxes paid for net share settlement of equity awards. For additional information on the Notes, see Note 12, Convertible Debt, included in Part I, Item 1, Unaudited Consolidated and Condensed Financial Statements, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Cash used in financing activities in the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 was $18.3$1.1 million and was primarily due to $18.5$1.3 million statutory minimum taxes paid related to net share settlements of equity awards, partially offset by $0.2 million net proceeds from exercise of stock options.
Stock Repurchase Program
On February 22, 2018, we announced that our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $200 million of our Class A common stock. This repurchase program has no expiration but may be suspended or terminated by the board of directors at any time. Under the repurchase program, we are authorized to repurchase, from time to time, outstanding shares of Class A common stock in the open market, through privately negotiated transactions, or otherwise, including pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 plan.
The actual timing, number and value of shares repurchased will be determined by the Company in its discretion and will depend on a number of factors, including market conditions, applicable legal requirements, our capital needs and whether there is a better alternative use of capital. We have no obligation to repurchase any amount of Class A common stock under the program.
Credit Agreement and Convertible Notes
For information regarding our credit agreement and convertible notes, see Note 11, Credit Agreement, and Note 12, Convertible Debt, respectively, included in Part I, Item 1, Unaudited Consolidated and Condensed Financial Statements, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not engage in any off-balance sheet activities. We do not have any off-balance sheet interest in variable interest entities, which include special purpose entities and other structured finance entities.
Contractual Obligations
There have been no material changes to our contractual obligations and estimates as compared to the contractual obligations described in Contractual Obligations included in Part II, Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016,2017, except as disclosed in Note 6, Commitments and Contingencies, included in Part I, Item 1, Unaudited Consolidated and Condensed Financial Statements, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Critical Accounting Policies
Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. The preparation of our financial statements and related disclosures requires us to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities, net revenue, costs and expenses and related disclosures. We believe that the estimates, assumptions and judgments involved in the accounting policies described below have the greatest potential impact on our financial statements and, therefore, we consider these to be our critical accounting policies. Accordingly, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Our actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions. 
There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates as compared to the critical accounting policies and estimates described in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, included in Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.2017, except as disclosed in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Revenue Recognition, included in Part I, Item 1, Unaudited Consolidated and Condensed Financial Statements, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
For information about recent accounting pronouncements, see Note 14, Recent Accounting Pronouncements, included in Part I, Item 1, Unaudited Consolidated and Condensed Financial Statements, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.


ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We have operations both within the U.S. and internationally, and we are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business, including the effects of foreign currency fluctuations, interest rate changes and inflation. Information relating to quantitative and qualitative disclosures about these market risks is set forth below.
Interest Rate Sensitivity
Cash and cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments arewere held primarily in cash deposits, certificates of deposit, money market funds, and corporate debt. The fair value of our cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments would not be significantly affected by either an increase or decrease in interest rates due mainly to the short-term nature of these instruments.
We incur interest expense on borrowings outstanding under ourOur convertible notes, and revolving line of credit. The convertible notes havewhich were issued in September 2017, carry a fixed interest rate. Borrowings under ourrate of 0.375% per year. Since the convertible notes bear interest at a fixed rate, we have no direct financial statement risk associated with changes in interest rates.
Interest on the revolving line of credit incurred pursuant to the credit agreement described herein would accrue interest at a floating rate based on a formula tied to certain market rates at the time of incurrence; however, we do not expect that any change in prevailing interest rates will have a material impact on our results of operations.
Foreign Currency Risk
Most of our sales are denominated in U.S. dollars, and therefore, our revenue is not currently subject to significant foreign currency risk. Our operating expenses are denominated in the currencies of the countries in which our operations are located or in which net revenue is generated, and may be subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, particularly changes in the British Pound, Euro and Canadian Dollar. Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates may cause us to recognize transaction gains and losses in our statement of operations, and our continued international expansion increases our exposure to exchange rate fluctuations that could impact our future results of operations. To date, foreign currency transaction gains and losses have not been material to our financial statements, and we have not engaged in any foreign currency hedging transactions.
Inflation
We do not believe that inflation has had a material effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. We continue to monitor the impact of inflation in order to minimize its effects through pricing strategies, productivity improvements and cost reductions. If our costs were to become subject to significant inflationary pressures, we may not be able to fully offset such higher costs through price increases. Our inability or failure to do so could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.



ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
Our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The term "disclosure controls and procedures," as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
 
Changes in Internal Control overOver Financial Reporting
 
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) or 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


PART II
 
OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
For information regarding our legal proceedings, see Note 6, Commitments and Contingencies - Legal Matters, included in Part I, Item 1, Unaudited Consolidated and Condensed Financial Statements, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which is incorporated into this item by reference. 
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Other than as set forth below, thereThere are no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.2017.
Our outstanding indebtedness, or additional indebtedness that we may incur, could adversely affect our financial condition.
In September 2017, we issued unsecured 0.375% Convertible Senior Notes in an aggregate principal amount of $431.25 million (the "Notes"), pursuant to which we will pay interest semiannually in arrears at a rate of 0.375% per annum commencing in 2018. The Notes will mature on September 1, 2022 unless earlier purchased, redeemed or converted, at which time, we will settle any conversions of the Notes in cash, shares of the Company’s Class A common stock or a combination thereof, at our election. Under certain circumstances, the holders of the Notes may require us to repay all or a portion of the principal and interest outstanding under the Notes in cash prior to the maturity date, which could have an adverse effect on our financial results.
In February 2017, we entered into a three-year senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Revolver”) under which we may borrow up to $100 million to fund working capital and general corporate purposes. If we draw down on this facility, our interest expense and principal repayment requirements will increase, which could have an adverse effect on our financial results and our ability to make payments on the Notes. Further, the agreements governing the Revolver contain numerous requirements, including affirmative, negative and financial covenants.
Our business may not be able to generate sufficient cash flow from operations, and we can give no assurance that future borrowings will be available to us in amounts sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness as such indebtedness matures, including the Notes, and to fund our other liquidity needs. If this occurs, we will need to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness on or before maturity, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to refinance any of our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. We may need to adopt one or more alternatives, such as reducing or delaying planned expenses and capital expenditures, selling assets, restructuring debt, or obtaining additional equity or debt financing. These alternative strategies may not be affected on satisfactory terms, if at all. Our ability to refinance our indebtedness or obtain additional financing, or to do so on commercially reasonable terms, will depend on, among other things, our financial condition at the time, restrictions in agreements governing our indebtedness, and other factors, including the condition of the financial markets and the markets in which we compete.
If we do not generate sufficient cash flow from operations, and additional borrowings, refinancings or proceeds from asset sales are not available to us, we may not have sufficient cash to enable us to meet all of our obligations, including our obligations under the Notes.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
During the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, we issued 208,858100,545 shares of Class B common stock upon the vesting of outstanding restricted stock units, net of shares withheld to satisfy statutory minimumminimum tax withholding obligations. The issuance of these securities werewas pursuant to written compensatory plans or arrangements with our employees, consultants, advisors and directors in reliance on the exemption provided by Rule 701 promulgated under the Securities Act, relative to transactions by an issuer not involving any public offering, to the extent an exemption from registration was required.
On September 15, 2017,Recent Purchases of Equity Securities
During the three months ended June 30, 2018, we issued the Notes in an aggregate principal amountdid not repurchase any shares of $431.25 million, which amount includes the exercise in full of the $56.25 million over-allotment option, to the Initial Purchasers of the Notes. Our offering of the Notes to the Initial Purchasers was made in reliance on the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act. We relied on this exemption from registration based in part on representations made by the Initial Purchasers, including

that the Initial Purchasers would only offer, sell or deliver the Notes to persons inside the United States whom they reasonably believe to be qualified institutional buyers within the meaning of Rule 144A under the Securities Act.
For more information regarding our convertible notes, see Note 12, Convertible Debt, including in Part I, Item 1, Unaudited Consolidated and Condensed Financial Statements, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which is incorporated into this item by reference.common stock.


Item 6.    Exhibits.
Exhibit   Incorporated by Reference
Number Exhibit DescriptionFiled HerewithFormFile No.Filing DateExhibit Number
4.1  8-K001-366669/15/20174.1
        
10.1  8-K001-366669/15/201710.1
        
10.2  8-K001-366669/15/201710.2
        
10.3  8-K001-366669/15/201710.3
        
10.4  8-K001-366669/15/201710.4
        
10.5  8-K001-366669/15/201710.5
        
10.6  8-K001-366669/15/201710.6
        
10.7  8-K001-366669/15/201710.7
        
10.8  8-K001-366669/12/201710.1
        
10.9 X    
        
31.1 X    
        

31.2X
32.1#X
32.2#X
101.INSXBRL Instance DocumentX
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema DocumentX
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase DocumentX
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase DocumentX
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Labels Linkbase DocumentX
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase DocumentX
Exhibit   Incorporated by Reference
Number Exhibit DescriptionFiled HerewithFormFile No.Filing DateExhibit Number
10.1  8-K001-366664/13/201810.1
        
31.1 X    
        
31.2 X    
        
32.1# X    
        
32.2# X    
        
101.INS XBRL Instance DocumentX    
        
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema DocumentX    
        
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase DocumentX    
        
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase DocumentX    
        
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Labels Linkbase DocumentX    
        
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase DocumentX    
+ Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan
   
# This certification is deemed not filed for purposes of section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended or the Exchange Act.


SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
  WAYFAIR INC.
   
   
Date: NovemberAugust 2, 20172018By:/s/ NIRAJ SHAH
  Niraj Shah
  President and Chief Executive Officer and President
  (Principal Executive Officer)
   
   
Date: NovemberAugust 2, 20172018By:/s/ MICHAEL FLEISHER
  Michael Fleisher
  Chief Financial Officer
  (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)


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