UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
  
ýQuarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the quarterly period ended April 30, 20192020

OR
¨Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from        to        
Commission File number 1-8777
  
VIRCO MFG. CORPORATION
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Delaware 95-1613718
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
   
2027 Harpers Way, Torrance, CA 90501
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (310) 533-0474
No change
Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report.Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each classTrading SymbolName of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per shareVIRCThe Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

 

 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.:

Large accelerated filer¨  Accelerated filer ¨
Non-accelerated filerý  Smaller reporting company ý
    Emerging growth company ¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  ý

The number of shares outstanding for each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:
Common Stock, $.01 par value — 15,541,95615,713,549 shares as of June 10, 2019.8, 2020.

 
 


TABLE OF CONTENTS


Part I. Financial Information
3
 
Item 1. Financial Statements
3
 
Unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets - April 30, 2019,2020, January 31, 20192020 and April 30, 20182019
3
 
Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations - Three months ended April 30, 20192020 and 20182019
5
 
Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss)loss - Three months ended April 30, 20192020 and 20182019
6
 
Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows - Three months ended April 30, 20192020 and 20182019
7
 
Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of changes in equity and accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) - Three months ended April 30, 20192020 and 20182019
8
 
Notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements - April 30, 20192020
89
 
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
1618
 
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
1820
 
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
1820
Part II. Other Information
1921
 
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
1921
 
Item 1A. Risk Factors
1921
 
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
1921
 Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
1921
 Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
1921
 Item 5. Other Information
1921
 
Item 6. Exhibits
1922
EX-3.3
 EX-31.1 
 EX-31.2 
 EX-32.1 
 EX-101 INSTANCE DOCUMENT 
 EX-101 SCHEMA DOCUMENT 
 EX-101 CALCULATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT 
 EX-101 LABELS LINKBASE DOCUMENT 
 EX-101 PRESENTATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT 

 


PART I. Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements


Virco Mfg. Corporation
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
 
4/30/2019 1/31/2019 4/30/20184/30/2020 1/31/2020 4/30/2019
(In thousands)

   

   
Assets          
Current assets          
Cash$553
 $738
 $3,372
$327
 $1,150
 $553
Trade accounts receivables, net12,375
 13,253
 8,983
7,564
 11,762
 12,375
Other receivables64
 40
 135
57
 57
 64
Income tax receivable263
 175
 178
469
 298
 263
Inventories63,511
 47,289
 62,498
58,190
 43,329
 63,511
Prepaid expenses and other current assets2,532
 1,616
 2,656
2,413
 1,746
 2,532
Total current assets79,298
 63,111
 77,822
69,020
 58,342
 79,298
Non-current assets          
Property, plant and equipment          
Land3,731
 3,731
 3,731
3,731
 3,731
 3,731
Land improvements688
 688
 688
734
 717
 688
Buildings and building improvements51,176
 51,176
 51,176
51,159
 51,200
 51,176
Machinery and equipment109,087
 108,253
 103,610
111,250
 110,610
 109,087
Leasehold improvements830
 830
 815
1,072
 990
 830
165,512
 164,678
 160,020
Total property, plant and equipment167,946
 167,248
 165,512
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization124,159
 122,758
 118,382
128,520
 127,351
 124,159
Net property, plant and equipment41,353
 41,920
 41,638
39,426
 39,897
 41,353
Operating lease right-of-use assets23,295
 —
 —
20,487
 21,325
 23,295
Deferred tax assets, net11,086
 9,598
 11,534
14,481
 11,230
 11,086
Other assets, net8,276
 8,484
 8,513
8,078
 8,198
 8,276
Total assets$163,308
 $123,113
 $139,507
$151,492
 $138,992
 $163,308
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.


Virco Mfg. Corporation
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
 
4/30/2019 1/31/2019 4/30/20184/30/2020 1/31/2020 4/30/2019
(In thousands, except share and par value data)(In thousands, except share and par value data)

   

   
Liabilities          
Current liabilities          
Accounts payable$16,354
 $17,760
 $17,631
$16,656
 $10,587
 $16,354
Accrued compensation and employee benefits4,631
 4,568
 4,698
5,979
 6,392
 4,631
Current portion of long-term debt24,226
 5,504
 24,266
10,618
 878
 24,226
Current portion operating lease liability2,939
 —
 —
4,527
 3,654
 2,939
Other accrued liabilities5,552
 4,293
 4,817
4,606
 3,607
 5,552
Total current liabilities53,702
 32,125
 51,412
42,386
 25,118
 53,702
Non-current liabilities          
Accrued self-insurance retention1,773
 1,190
 2,242
1,802
 1,410
 1,773
Accrued pension expenses14,218
 14,487
 14,380
21,365
 21,310
 14,218
Income tax payable55
 45
 48
74
 70
 55
Long-term debt, less current portion16,508
 15,910
 13,990
15,630
 15,818
 16,508
Operating lease liability, less current portion22,221
 —
 —
18,854
 19,787
 22,221
Other long-term liabilities555
 2,329
 2,171
662
 661
 555
Total non-current liabilities55,330
 33,961
 32,831
58,387
 59,056
 55,330
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 7 and 14)
 
 
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 6, 7 and 13)
 
 
Stockholders’ equity          
Preferred stock:          
Authorized 3,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value; none issued or outstanding—
 —
 —
—
 —
 —
Common stock:          
Authorized 25,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding 15,541,956 shares at 4/30/2019 and 1/31/2019 and 15,357,457 at 4/30/2018155
 155
 154
Authorized 25,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding 15,713,549 shares at 4/30/2020 and 1/31/2020 and 15,541,956 at 4/30/2019157
 157
 155
Additional paid-in capital118,292
 118,106
 117,693
119,036
 118,782
 118,292
Accumulated deficit(55,259) (52,192) (53,451)(54,508) (49,810) (55,259)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(8,912) (9,042) (9,132)(13,966) (14,311) (8,912)
Total stockholders’ equity54,276
 57,027
 55,264
50,719
 54,818
 54,276
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$163,308
 $123,113
 $139,507
$151,492
 $138,992
 $163,308
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.


Virco Mfg. Corporation
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
 
Three months endedThree months ended
4/30/2019 4/30/20184/30/2020 4/30/2019
(In thousands, except per share data)(In thousands, except per share data)
Net sales$26,893
 $22,569
$17,599
 $26,893
Costs of goods sold17,809
 14,884
12,695
 17,809
Gross profit9,084
 7,685
4,904
 9,084
Selling, general and administrative expenses12,681
 12,154
11,931
 12,681
Gain on sale of property, plant & equipment—
 (1)
Loss (gain) on sale of property, plant & equipment—
 —
Operating loss(3,597) (4,468)(7,027) (3,597)
Pension expense188
 120
542
 188
Interest expense700
 446
404
 700
Loss before income taxes(4,485) (5,034)(7,973) (4,485)
Income tax benefits(1,418) (1,462)(3,275) (1,418)
Net loss$(3,067) $(3,572)$(4,698) $(3,067)
      
      
Net loss per common share:      
Basic$(0.20) $(0.23)$(0.30) $(0.20)
Diluted (a)$(0.20) $(0.23)(0.30) (0.20)
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:      
Basic15,486
 15,317
15,654
 15,486
Diluted (a)15,486
 15,317
15,654
 15,486

(a) Net loss per common share was calculated based on basic shares outstanding due to the anti-dilutive effect on the inclusion of common stock equivalent shares.
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.



Virco Mfg. Corporation
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

 Three months ended
 4/30/2019 4/30/2018
 (In thousands)
    
Net loss$(3,067) $(3,572)
Other comprehensive income   
Pension adjustments (net of tax $46 and $45 at April 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively)130
 127
Comprehensive loss$(2,937) $(3,445)

 Three months ended
 4/30/2020 4/30/2019
 (In thousands)
    
Net loss$(4,698) $(3,067)
Other comprehensive income:   
Pension adjustments (net of tax expense of $120 and $46 at April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively)345
 130
Net comprehensive loss$(4,353) $(2,937)
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.


Virco Mfg. Corporation
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Three months endedThree months ended
4/30/2019 4/30/20184/30/2020 4/30/2019
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Operating activities      
Net loss$(3,067) $(3,572)$(4,698) $(3,067)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization1,452
 1,415
1,393
 1,452
Non-cash rent expense89
 —
Non-cash lease expense778
 89
Provision for doubtful accounts15
 15
15
 15
Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment—
 (1)
Loss (gain) on sale of property, plant and equipment—
 —
Deferred income taxes(1,488) (1,442)(3,251) (1,488)
Stock-based compensation186
 228
254
 186
Defined pension plan settlement—
 —
—
 —
Amortization of net actuarial loss for pension plans130
 127
345
 130
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:      
Trade accounts receivable863
 2,387
4,183
 863
Other receivables(24) (106)—
 (24)
Inventories(16,222) (20,441)(14,861) (16,222)
Income taxes(77) (2)(167) (77)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets(709) (1,033)(546) (709)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities566
 5,433
6,668
 566
Net cash used in operating activities(18,286) (16,992)(9,887) (18,286)
Investing activities:      
Capital expenditures(1,219) (1,144)(488) (1,219)
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment—
 3
—
 —
Net cash used in investing activities(1,219) (1,141)(488) (1,219)
Financing activities:      
Proceeds from long-term debt19,564
 38,006
Borrowing from long-term debt11,413
 19,564
Repayment of long-term debt(244) (16,680)(1,861) (244)
Payment on deferred financing costs—
 (124)—
 —
Tax withholding payments on share-based compensation—
 —
—
 —
Cash dividends paid—
 (231)—
 —
Net cash provided by financing activities19,320
 20,971
9,552
 19,320
      
Net (decrease) increase in cash(185) 2,838
Net decrease in cash(823) (185)
Cash at beginning of period738
 534
1,150
 738
Cash at end of period$553
 $3,372
$327
 $553
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.


Virco Mfg. Corporation
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)


 Three-Month Period Ended April 30, 2020
 Three-Month Period Ended April 30, 2019          
 Common Stock         Common Stock        
In thousands, except share data Shares Amount Additional Paid-in Capital Accumulated Deficit Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Total Stockholder's Equity Shares Amount Additional Paid-in Capital Accumulated Deficit Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Total Stockholder's Equity
Balance at February 1, 2019 15,541,956
 $155
 $118,106
 $(52,192) $(9,042) $57,027
Balance at February 1, 2020 15,713,549
 $157
 $118,782
 $(49,810) $(14,311) $54,818
Net loss —
 —
 —
 (3,067) —
 (3,067) —
 —
 —
 (4,698) —
 (4,698)
Pension adjustments, net of tax effect $46 —
 —
 —
 —
 130
 130
Cash dividends —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
Pension adjustments, net of tax effect of $120 —
 —
 —
 —
 345
 345
Shares vested and others —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
Stock compensation expense —
 —
 186
 —
 —
 186
 —
 —
 254
 —
 —
 254
Balance at April 30, 2019 15,541,956
 $155
 $118,292
 $(55,259) $(8,912) $54,276
Balance at April 30, 2020 15,713,549
 $157
 $119,036
 $(54,508) $(13,966) $50,719

 Three-Month Period Ended April 30, 2019
 Three-Month Period Ended April 30, 2018          
 Common Stock         Common Stock        
In thousands, except share data Shares Amount Additional Paid-in Capital Accumulated Deficit Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Total Stockholder's Equity Shares Amount Additional Paid-in Capital Accumulated Deficit Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Total Stockholder's Equity
Balance at February 1, 2018 15,357,457
 $154
 $117,465
 $(49,648) $(9,259) $58,712
Balance at February 1, 2019 15,541,956
 $155
 $118,106
 $(52,192) $(9,042) $57,027
Net loss
 —
 —
 —
 (3,572) —
 (3,572) —
 —
 —
 (3,067) —
 (3,067)
Cash dividends —
 —
 —
 (231) —
 (231) —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
Pension adjustments, net of tax effect $45 —
 —
 —
 —
 127
 127
Pension adjustments, net of tax effect of $46 —
 —
 —
 —
 130
 130
Shares vested and others —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
Stock compensation expense —
 —
 228
 —
 —
 228
 —
 —
 186
 —
 —
 186
Balance at April 30, 2018 15,357,457
 $154
 $117,693
 $(53,451) $(9,132) $55,264
Balance at April 30, 2019 15,541,956
 $155
 $118,292
 $(55,259) $(8,912) $54,276


See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.


VIRCO MFG. CORPORATION
Notes to unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
April 30, 20192020
Note 1. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements and are presented in accordance with the requirements of Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 20192020 (“Form 10-K”).  In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months ended April 30, 2019,2020, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2020.2021. The balance sheet at January 31, 2019,2020, has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date, but does not include all of the information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. All references to the “Company” refer to Virco Mfg. Corporation and its subsidiaries.
Note 2. Seasonality and Management Use of Estimates
The market for educational furniture is marked by extreme seasonality, with approximately 50% of the Company’s total sales typically occurring from June to August each year, the Company’s peak season. Hence, the Company typically builds and carries significant amounts of inventory during and in anticipation of this peak summer season to facilitate the rapid delivery requirements of customers in the educational market. This requires a large up-front investment in inventory, labor, storage and related costs as inventory is built in anticipation of peak sales during the summer months. As the capital required for this build-up generally exceeds cash available from operations, the Company has generally relied on third-party bank financing to meet cash flow requirements during the build-up period immediately preceding the peak season. In addition, the Company typically is faced with a large balance of accounts receivable during the peak season. This occurs for two primary reasons. First, accounts receivable balances typically increase during the peak season as shipments of products increase. Second, many customers during this period are educational institutions and government entities, which tend to pay accounts receivable slower than commercial customers.

The Company’s working capital requirements during and in anticipation of the peak summer season require management to make estimates and judgments that affect assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates, including those related to market demand, labor costs and stocking inventory. Significant estimates made by management include, but are not limited to, valuation of inventory; deferred tax assets and liabilities; useful lives of property, plant and equipment; liabilities under pension, warranty, self-insurance and environmental claims; and the accounts receivable allowance for doubtful accounts. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making assumptions and estimates, events and changes in circumstances arising after April 30, 2020, including those resulting from the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, may result in actual outcomes that differ from those contemplated by our assumptions and estimates.

Note 3. New Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Updates

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This update simplifies various aspects related to accounting for income taxes, removes certain exceptions to the general principles in ASC 740, and clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application.  The Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 842 - Leases,this ASU as of February 1, 2019, using transition relief to2020 and the modified retrospective approach. The transition relief to the modified retrospective approach allows the recording of existing leases at adoption and recognizing a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings on the adoption date. As a result, the Company did not restate comparative periods in transition to ASC 842 and instead reported comparative periods under ASC 840 - Leases. In addition, the Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which among other things, allowed the Company to carry forward the historical lease classification. Further, the Company did not elect the practical expedient to use hindsight in determining the lease term and in assessing impairment of right-of-use (“ROU”) assets. The Company has elected to account for leases with an original term of 12 months or less that do not contain a purchase option as short-term leases.

Adoption of the new standard resulted in the recording of ROU assets and lease liabilities of approximately $23.8 million and $25.6 million respectively, as of February 1, 2019. The difference between the ROU assets and lease liabilities was due to previous deferred rent balances that were removed and offset against the ROU asset under ASC 842. The adoption of this standard did not materially impacthave a material effect on our interim unaudited consolidated statement of operations, shareholders’ equity or cash flows. See Note 6 for additional disclosures.




Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases in which the Company is the lessee are included in operating lease ROU assets, other current liabilities, and operating lease liabilities in the interim unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. The Company does not have any finance leases, as a lessee, and no leases for which it is the lessor.  

ROU assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the reasonably certain lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company uses the implicit rate when readily determinable. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease payments made and reduced by lease incentives, such as tenant improvement allowances. The Company’s lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease only when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation - Stock compensation (Topic 718) which simplifies several aspects of the accounting for nonemployee share-based payment transactions resulting from expanding the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from non-employees. Some of the areas for simplification apply only to nonpublic entities. The amendments specify that Topic 718 applies to all share-based payment transactions in which a grantor acquires goods or services to be used or consumed in a grantor’s own operations by issuing share-based payment awards. The amendments also clarify that Topic 718 does not apply to share-based payments used to effectively provide (1) financing to the issuer or (2) awards granted in conjunction with selling goods or services to customers as part of a contract accounted for under Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The amendments in this Update are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this ASU effective February 1, 2019. The adoption of the standard did not materially impact the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, Comprehensive Income or Cash Flows and Statement of stockholders' equity and comprehensive income (loss).
Recently Issued Accounting Updates

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology for measuring and recognizing credit losses with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. This amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company does not believe there will be a material impact to the financial statements as a result of adopting this ASU.statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820)(Topic 820) which modifies the disclosure requirements of fair value measurements in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement. For public companies the ASU removes disclosure requirements for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the policy for timing of transfers between levels and the valuation process for Level 3 fair value measurements. The ASU modifies the disclosure requirements


for investments in certain entities that calculate net asset value and clarifies that the measurement uncertainty disclosure is to communicate information about the uncertainty in measurement as of the reporting date. The ASU adds the disclosure requirement for changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period and the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. The amendments inCompany adopted this update areASU as of February 1, 2020 and the adoption of this standard did not have a material effect on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Updates

In August 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-14 (ASU 2018-14), Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20), which amends the current disclosure requirements regarding defined benefit pensions and other post retirement plans, and allows for the removal of certain disclosures, while adding certain new disclosure requirements. This standard is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 including2020 and allows for early adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the standard will have on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology for measuring and recognizing credit losses with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates.  The adoption date, as modified by the recently issued ASU 2019-10 discussed below, will be for the fiscal year ending after December 15, 2022 and interim periods within that fiscal year. Early adoption is permitted.therein. The Company does not believe thereis currently evaluating the effect the standard will be a material impacthave on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842): Effective Dates.  ASU 2019-10 moves the effective date for certain previously issued amendments to later dates, depending on the filing status of the respective entity.  Specifically, due to the financial statementsamendment and the Company’s status as a result of adopting this ASU.smaller reporting company, the new effective dates for relevant previously issued amendments not yet adopted by the Company relate to ASU 2016-13 as described above.

Other recently issued accounting updates are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Note 4. Revenue Recognition

Adoption of ASC Topic 606, “Revenues from Contracts with Customers”

On February 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC Topic 606 with no significant impact to its financial position or results of operations, using the modified retrospective method. Results for reporting periods beginning after February 1, 2018 are presented under ASC Topic 606. The Company had no adjustment to opening retained earnings as of February 1, 2018 as a result of adopting ASC Topic 606. The adoption of the standard did not materially impact the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income or Cash Flows.

Revenue Recognition

The Company manufactures, markets and distributes a wide variety of school and office furniture to wholesalers, distributors, educational institutions and governmental entities. Revenue is recorded for promised goods or services when control is transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.

The Company's sales generally involve a single performance obligation to deliver goods pursuant to customer purchase orders.  Prices for our products are based on published price lists and customer agreements. The Company has determined that the performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time when the Company completes delivery per the customer contract. The majority of sales are free on board ("FOB") destination where the destination is specified per the customer contract and may include delivering the furniture into the classroom, school site or warehouse. Sales of furniture that are sold FOB factory are typically made to resellers of our product who in turn provide logistics to the ultimate customer. Once a product has been delivered per the shipping terms, the customer is able to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the asset. The Company considers control to have transferred upon shipment or delivery in accordance with shipping terms because the Company has a present right to payment at that time, the customer has legal title to the asset, the Company has transferred physical possession of the asset, and the customer has significant risks and rewards of ownership of the asset.

Sales are recorded net of discounts, sales incentives and rebates, sales taxes and estimated returns and allowances. The Company offers sales incentives and discounts through various regional and national programs to our customers. These programs include product rebates, product returns allowances and trade promotions. Variable consideration for these programs is estimated in the transaction price at contract inception based on current sales levels and historical experience using the expected value method, subject to constraint.



The Company generates revenue primarily by manufacturing and distributing products through resellersdirect-to-customers and direct-to-customers.resellers. Control transfers to both resellers and direct customers at a point in time when the delivery process is complete as determined by the corresponding shipping terms. Therefore, we do not consider them to be meaningfully different revenue streams given similarities in the nature of the products, performance obligation and distribution processes. Sales are predominately in the United States and to a similar class of customer. We do not manage or evaluate the business based on product line or any other discernable category.

For product produced by and sourced from third parties, management has determined that it is the principal in all cases, since it (i) bears primary responsibility for fulfilling the promise to the customer; (ii) bears inventory risk before and/or after the good or service is transferred to the customer; and (iii) has discretion in establishing the price for the sale of good or service to the customer.

Note 5. Inventories
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (determined on a first-in, first-out basis) or net realizable value and includes material, labor and factory overhead. The Company maintains valuation allowances for estimated slow-moving and obsolete inventory to reflect the difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated net realizable value. Valuation allowances for slow-moving and obsolete inventory are determined through a physical inspection of the product in connection with a physical inventory, a review of slow-moving product and consideration of active marketing programs. The market for education furniture is traditionally driven by value, not style, and the Company has not typically incurred significant obsolescence expenses. If market conditions are less favorable than those anticipated by management, additional valuation allowances may be required. Due to reductions in sales volume in the past years, the Company’s manufacturing facilities are operating at reduced levels of capacity. The Company records the cost of excess capacity as a period expense, not as a component of capitalized inventory valuation.

The following table presents a breakdown of the Company’s inventories as of April 30, 2019,2020, January 31, 20192020 and April 30, 2018 (in thousands):2019:
  4/30/2019 1/31/2019 4/30/2018
       
 Finished goods $26,546
 $15,908
 $26,655
 WIP 24,009
 18,820
 22,796
 Raw materials 12,956
 12,561
 13,047
 Inventories $63,511
 $47,289
 $62,498
Management continually monitors production costs, material costs and inventory levels to determine that interim inventories are fairly stated.
  4/30/2020 1/31/2020 4/30/2019
  (in thousands)
       
 Finished goods $27,348
 $15,401
 $26,546
 WIP 19,159
 15,957
 24,009
 Raw materials 11,683
 11,971
 12,956
Total inventories $58,190
 $43,329
 $63,511

Note 6. Leases

The Company has operating leases on real property, equipment, and automobiles that expire at various dates. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception and assesses classification of the lease at commencement. All of the Company’s leases are classified as operating leases, as a lessee. The Company uses the implicit rate when readily determinable, or the incremental borrowing rate. Our incremental borrowing rate is estimated to approximate the interest rate on a collateralized basis with similar terms and payments using company specific credit spreads. The Company’s lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease only when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for our operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.


The Company has an operating lease for its corporate office, manufacturing and distribution facility located in Torrance, CA, currently with a remaining lease term through April 30, 2025. The Company leases machinery and equipment under a 5-year operating lease arrangement. The Company has the option of buying the assets at the end of the lease period at a price that does not result in the Company being reasonably certain of exercising the option. In addition, the Company leases trucks, automobiles, and forklifts under operating leases that include certain fleet management and maintenance services. Certain of the leases contain renewal or purchase options and require payment for property taxes and insurance. The Company records rent expense on a straight-line basis based on the contractual lease payments. Allowances from lessors for tenant improvements have been included in the straight-line rent expense for applicable locations. Tenant improvements are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining life of the applicable lease.
The Torrance, CA office, manufacturinglease, and distribution facility is leased underrelated tenant allowances are recorded as a series of 5-year operating lease that would have expired on February 28, 2020. On November 14, 2017,reduction to the Company entered into a fourth amendment that extends the term of the lease for an additional 62 months through April 30, 2025, and provides for monthly base lease payments that increase at a fixed amount after each 12-month period.ROU asset.
In accordance with ASC 842, quantitative information regarding our leases is as follows (in thousands):follows:


 Three Months EndedThree-Months Ended
 04/30/20194/30/2020 4/30/2019
  (in thousands)
Operating lease cost $1,380
$1,440
 $1,380
Short-term lease cost 54
36
 54
Sublease income (10)
Short-term sublease income(10) (10)
Variable lease cost (1)455
 448
Total lease cost $1,424
$1,921
 $1,872
     
Other operating leases information:     
  
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities $1,291,000
$662,000
 $1,291,000
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities $394,000
$270,000
 394,000
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) 5.7
4.7
 5.7
Weighted-average discount rate 6.39%6.4% 6.4%

(1) Subsequent to the issuance of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements as of April 30, 2019, management identified an immaterial correction related to the disclosure of certain variable lease payments. Variable lease expense for the three-months ended April 30, 2019 did not previously include $448,000 of variable lease payments for property taxes, insurance and common area maintenance related to triple net leases. Management corrected the disclosure related to variable lease expense in the table above for the three-months ended April 30, 2019 and, except for this change, the correction had no impact upon the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements

Minimum future lease payments (in thousands) for operating leases in effect as of April 30, 2019,2020, are as follows:
 Operating LeaseOperating Lease
  (in thousands)
Remaining of 2020 $3,878
2021 4,561
Remaining of 2021$4,414
2022 5,188
5,708
2023 5,042
5,275
2024 5,192
5,214
20255,370
Thereafter
 6,687
1,350
Remaining balance of lease payments $30,548
$27,331
   
Short-term lease liabilities $2,939
$4,527
Long-term lease liabilities 22,221
18,854
Total lease liabilities $25,160
$23,381
   
Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows $5,388
$3,950





In accordance with ASC 840, future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable leases as of January 31, 2019 were as follows (in thousands):

Year ending January 31, 
2020$5,045
20214,405
20225,041
20235,040
20245,192
Thereafter6,687
Total minimum lease payments$31,410

In accordance with ASC 840, rent expense for operating leases was $1,450,000 for the quarter ended April 30, 2018.

Note 7. Debt
Outstanding balances for the Company’s long-term debt were as follows (in thousands):follows:

4/30/2019 1/31/2019 4/30/20184/30/2020 1/31/2020 4/30/2019
 (in thousands)
Revolving credit line$33,354
 $14,858
 $31,432
$19,740
 $9,969
 $33,354
Other7,380
 6,556
 6,824
6,508
 6,727
 7,380
Total debt40,734
 21,414
 38,256
$26,248
 $16,696
 $40,734
Less current portion24,226
 5,504
 24,266
10,618
 878
 24,226
Non-current portion$16,508
 $15,910
 $13,990
$15,630
 $15,818
 $16,508

The Company has a Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with PNC Bank, National Association, as administrative agent and lender (“PNC”). The credit agreementCredit Agreement has been amended eighteentwenty times since it’s origination in 2011 through fiscal 2019, which, among other things, extended the maturity date of the Credit Agreement for three years until March 19, 2023, increased the maximum availability under the Credit Agreement to $60,000,000 with seasonal adjustments to the credit limit and subject to borrowing base limitations, and includes a sub-limit of up to $3,000,000 for issuances of letters of credit, modified, eliminated or waived covenants, amended seasonal advances and established a 2,500,000 line for equipment financing.2023.

The Revolving Credit FacilityAgreement is an asset-based line of credit that is subject to a borrowing base limitation and generally provides for advances of up to 85% of eligible accounts receivable, plus a percentage equal to the lesser of 60% of the value of eligible inventory or 85% of the liquidation value of eligible inventory, plus $15,000,000 from January 1 through June 30July of each year, minus undrawn amounts of letters of credit and reserves. The Revolving Credit FacilityAgreement is secured by substantially all of the Borrowers'Company's, as defined, personal property and certain of the Borrowers'Company's real property. The principal amount outstanding under the Credit Agreement and any accrued and unpaid interest is due no later than March 19, 2023, and the Revolving Credit FacilityAgreement is subject to certain prepayment penalties upon earlier termination of the Revolving Credit Facility.Agreement. Prior to the maturity date, principal amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement may be repaid and reborrowed at the option of the Borrowers without premium or penalty, subject to borrowing base limitations, seasonal adjustments and certain other conditions.

The Revolving Credit FacilityAgreement bears interest, at the Borrowers' option, at either the Alternate Base Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) or the Eurodollar Currency Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement), in each case plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin for Alternate Base Rate loans is a percentage within a range of 0.75% to 1.25%, and the applicable margin for Eurodollar Currency Rate loans is a percentage within a range of 1.75% to 2.25%, in each case based on the EBITDA of the BorrowersBorrower's at the end of each fiscal quarter and may be increased at PNC's option by 2.0% during the continuance of an event of default. Accrued interest with respect to principal amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement is payable in arrears on a monthly basis for Alternative Base Rate loans, and at the end of the applicable interest period but at most every three months for Eurodollar Currency Rate loans. The interest rate at April 30, 20192020 was 6.75%4.50%.

On March 19, 2018, the Company entered into Amendment No. 17, which amended the Credit Agreement by (i) extending the maturity date of the Credit Agreement for three years until March 19, 2023. In connection with the Seventeenth Amendment, the Borrowers also agreed to pay to PNC Bank a non-refundable extension fee of $250,000.
In March 2019, the Company entered into Amendment No. 19 which, among other things, (i) increased the Maximum Revolving Advance Amount to $65,000,000 with seasonal adjustments to the credit limit and subject to borrowing base limitations, (ii) increased seasonal advance to $15,000,000 from January to July of each year, (iii) increased equipment loan to $2,000,000, (iv) to reducereduced borrowings under the line to less than or equal to $10,000,000 for a period of 30 consecutive days during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. In connection withApril 2019, the Company entered into Amendment No. 19,20 which, among other things, waived the Borrowers also agreedcovenant violation for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019, amended the minimum EBITDA covenant and the fixed charge coverage ratio for fiscal 2020, and eliminated the Company’s ability to pay dividends or repurchase stock during fiscal 2020. For fiscal year beginning February 1st, 2020, the covenant for the fixed charge coverage ratio is 1.10 to 1.00 for each consecutive four fiscal quarter period of Borrowers ending thereafter. The Company was in compliance with its financial covenants as of April 30, 2020.

To date the impact of COVID-19 on liquidity has been to moderate the seasonal increase in accounts receivable and production of inventory for summer delivery. Both the increase in accounts receivable and inventory are traditionally financed through the Company’s line of credit with PNC BankBank. Reductions in receivables and inventory were substantially offset by a non-refundable fee of $24,000. The clean-down provision allows the Company to maintain a minimum outstanding balance to be carried on an uninterrupted period extending beyond one year and ultimately due at the scheduled maturity datereduction in March 2023. As a result of Amendment No. 19, the clean-down limit was increased to $10,000,000, thereby allowing the Company to refinance an additional $2,000,000 of its short-term borrowingsborrowing under the line of credit on a long-term basis at January 31, 2019. The Company believes that normal operating cash flow will allow it to meet the clean-down requirement with no adverse impact on the Company's liquidity.PNC Bank.

Events of default (subject to certain cure periods and other limitations) under the Credit Agreement include, but are not limited to, (i) non-payment of principal, interest or other amounts due under the Credit Agreement, (ii) the violation of terms, covenants, representations or warranties in the Credit Agreement or related loan documents, (iii) any event of default under agreements governing certain indebtedness of the Borrowers and certain defaults by the Borrowers under other agreements that would materially adversely affect the Borrowers, (iv) certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or liquidation involving the Borrowers, (v) judgments or judicial actions against the Borrowers in excess of $250,000, subject to certain conditions, (vi) the failure of the Company to comply with Pension Benefit Plans (as defined in the Credit Agreement), (vii) the invalidity of loan

documents pertaining to the Credit Agreement, (viii) a change of control of the Borrowers and (ix) the interruption of operations of any of the Borrowers' manufacturing facilities for five consecutive days during the peak season or 15 consecutive days during any other time, subject to certain conditions. For the year ended January 31, 2019, the Company was in violation of the minimum fixed charge coverage ratio resulting in an Event of Default.
In April 2019, the Company entered into Amendment No. 20 which, among other things, waived the covenant violation for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019, amended the minimum EBITDA covenant and the fixed charge coverage ratio for fiscal 2020, and eliminated the Company’s ability to pay dividends or repurchase stock commencing on February 1, 2019 and ending on January 31, 2020. The fixed charge coverage ratio is as follows: (i) for the consecutive two fiscal quarter period ending July 31, 2019, 2.25 to 1.00, and (ii) for each consecutive four fiscal quarter period of Borrowers ending thereafter, 1.10 to 1.00. Minimum EBITDA for the three consecutive fiscal month period ending on April 30, 2019, may not be less than (negative) $5,000,000. In addition, certain restrictions were placed upon the Company’s capital expenditures limiting the amount: (a) in the first fiscal quarter ending April 30, 2019 in an aggregate amount in excess of $900,000, (b) in the consecutive two fiscal quarter periods ending July 31, 2019 in an aggregate amount in excess of $1,900,000, (c) in the consecutive three fiscal quarter period ended October 31, 2019 in an aggregate amount in excess of (i) $3,900,000, if an only if, the Borrowers’ EBITDA for the consecutive two fiscal quarter period ending July 31, 2019 exceeds $8,500,000 or (ii) $2,900,000 if Borrowers’ EBITDA for such period is less than or equal to $8,500,000 and (d) in the consecutive four fiscal quarter period ending January 31, 2020 or any fiscal year thereafter, in an aggregate amount for all Borrowers in excess of $8,000,000. In connection with Amendment No. 20 the Borrowers also agreed to pay to PNC Bank a non-refundable fee of $125,000. The Company believes that normal operating cash flow will allow it to meet the clean down requirement with no adverse impact on the Company's liquidity. The Company was in compliance with its financial covenants as of April 30, 2019.
Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, substantially all of the Borrowers' accounts receivable are automatically and promptly swept to repay amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit FacilityAgreement upon receipt by the Borrowers. Due to this automatic liquidating nature of the Revolving Credit Facility,Agreement, if the Borrowers breach any covenant, violate any representation or warranty or suffer a deterioration in their ability to borrow pursuant to the borrowing base calculation, the Borrowers may not have access to cash liquidity unless provided by PNC at its discretion. In addition, certain of the covenants and representations and warranties set forth in the Credit Agreement contain limited or no materiality thresholds, and many of the representations and warranties must be true and correct in all material respects upon each borrowing, which the Borrowers expect to occur on an ongoing basis. There can be no assurance that the Borrowers will be able to comply with all such covenants and be able to continue to make such representations and warranties on an ongoing basis.
The Company's line of credit with PNC is structured to provide seasonal credit availability during the Company's peak summer season. Approximately $4,000,000$12,343,000 was available for borrowing as of April 30, 2019.2020.
Management believes that the carrying value of debt approximated fair value at April 30, 20192020 and 2018,2019, as all of the long-term debt bears interest at variable rates based on prevailing market conditions.

Note 8. Income Taxes
The Company recognizes deferred income taxes under the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes in accordance with the provisions of ASC No. 740, Accounting for Income Taxes. Deferred income taxes are recognized for differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities at enacted statutory tax rates in effect for the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, the Company considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income or reversal of deferred tax liabilities during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible.  The Company maintains a partial valuation allowance of $1,075,000, $1,183,000 and $1,907,000 as of April 30, 2020, January 31, 2020 and April 30, 2019 to reduce against certain state deferred tax assets that the Company does not believe it is more-likely-than-not to realize.

On March 27, 2020, the President signed the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act). The CARES Act modified the limitation for business interest expense deduction and the new limitation has increased from 30 to 50 percent of adjusted taxable income. Historically deferred taxes related to interest expense limitation were fully offset by a valuation allowance. The Company performed an analysis of the impact of the CARES Act and calculated a tax benefit of approximately
$200,000 which was driven by the release of the valuation allowance related to the business interest limitation.

The January 31, 2016 and subsequent years remain open for examination by the IRS and state tax authorities. The Company is not currently under any state examination. The Company is currently under IRS examination for its fiscal year ended January 31, 2016 Federal tax return.



Note 9. Net Lossloss per Share
Three Months Ended
 Three Months Ended4/30/2020 4/30/2019
 4/30/2019 4/30/2018(In thousands, except per share data)
 (In thousands, except per share data)   
Net loss $(3,067) $(3,572)$(4,698) $(3,067)
       
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding 15,486
 15,317
15,654
 15,486
Net effect of dilutive shares - based on the treasury stock method using average market price —
 —
—
 —
Totals 15,486
 15,317
15,654
 15,486
       
Net loss per share - basic $(0.20) $(0.23)$(0.30) $(0.20)
Net loss per share - diluted (a) $(0.20) $(0.23)$(0.30) $(0.20)
(a) All exercisable and non-exercisable restricted stock optionsawards and/or units were not included in the computation of diluted net loss per share at April 30, 20192020 and 2018,2019, because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. The number of stock optionsawards and/or units outstanding, which met this anti-dilutive criterion for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, was 75,000 and 2018, was 180,000, and 201,000, respectively.

Note 10. Stock-Based Compensation
Stock Incentive Plan
The Company's two stock plans are the 2019 Employee Stock Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”) and the 2011 Employee Incentive Stock Plan (the “2011 Plan”).

Under the 2019 Plan, the Company may grant an aggregate of 1,000,000 shares to its employees in the form of restricted stock units and non-employee directors in the form of restricted stock awards. Restricted stock units and awards granted under the 2019 Plan are expensed ratably over the vesting period of the awards. The Company determines the fair value of its restricted stock units or awards and related compensation expense as the difference between the market value of the units or awards on the date of grant less the exercise price of the units or awards granted. During the three-month periods ended April 30, 2020, the Company granted 0 awards, vested 0 shares according to their terms and forfeited 0 shares under the 2019 Plan. As of April 30, 2020, there were approximately 772,000 shares available for future issuance under the 2019 Plan.

Under the 2011 Plan, the Company may grant an aggregate of 2,000,000 shares to its employees in the form of restricted stock units and non-employee directors in the form of restricted stock options or awards. Restricted stock or stock units awardedand awards granted under the 2011 Plan are expensed ratably over the vesting period of the awards. The Company determines the fair value of its restricted stock unitunits or awards and related compensation expense as the difference between the market value of the units or awards on the date of grant less the exercise price of the units or awards granted. ForDuring the three monthsthree-month periods ended April 30, 2019 and 2018,2020, the Company granted 0 shares of restricted awards to non-employee directors and 0 units to its employees; vested 0 stock awards vestedand 0 shares of restricted stock awardsunits according to their terms and forfeited 28,000 shares. There0 stock units under the 2011 Plan. As of April 30, 2020, there were approximately 296,27732,892 shares available for future issuance under the 2011 Plan as ofPlan.

During the three months ended April 30, 2019. 2020, stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock units and awards recognized in cost of goods sold and selling, general and administrative expenses was $63,000 and 191,000, respectively. During the three months ended April 30, 2019, stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock units and/or awards recognized in cost of goods sold and selling, general and administrative expenses was $59,000 and 127,000, respectively.

As of April 30, 2019,2020, there was $1,295,000$2,435,000 of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock units and/or awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2 years.

During the three months ended April 30, 2019, stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock awards recognized in cost of goods sold and selling, general and administrative expenses was $59,000 and $127,000,

respectively. During the three months ended April 30, 2018, stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock awards recognized in cost of goods sold and selling, general and administrative expenses was $60,000 and $168,000, respectively.

Note 11. Statement of Changes in Equity and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The Company’s Credit Agreement with PNC currently restricts the Company from issuing dividends or making payments with respect to the Company's capital stock through January 31, 2020. The Company did not declare a cash dividend during quarter ended April 30, 2019. The Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.015 per share, payable April 10, 2018 to shareholders of record as of March 23, 2018, during the same period last year.

Note 12.11. Retirement Plans

The Company and its subsidiaries cover certain employees under a noncontributory defined benefit retirement plan, entitled the Virco Employees’ Retirement Plan (the “Pension Plan”). Benefits under the Employees Retirement Plan are based on years of service and career average earnings. As more fully described in the Form 10-K, benefit accruals under the Employees Retirement Plan were frozen effective December 31, 2003. There is no service cost incurred under this plan.
The Company also provides a supplementary retirement plan for certain key employees, the VIP Retirement Plan (the “VIP Plan”). The VIP Plan provides a benefit of up to 50% of average compensation for the last 5 years in the VIP Plan, offset by benefits earned under the Pension Plan. As more fully described in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2019, benefit accruals under this plan were frozen since December 31, 2003. There is no service cost incurred under this plan.
The net periodic pension cost (income) for the Pension Plan and the VIP Plan for the three months ended April 30, 20192020 and 20182019 were as follows (in thousands):follows:
Combined Employee Retirement PlansCombined Employee Retirement Plans
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
4/30/2019 4/30/20184/30/2020 4/30/2019
   (in thousands)
Service cost$—
 $—
$—
 $—
Interest cost355
 355
301
 355
Expected return on plan assets(343) (407)(224) (343)
Plan settlement—
 —
—
 —
Amortization of prior service cost—
 —
—
 —
Recognized net actuarial (gain) loss176
 172
Recognized net actuarial loss465
 176
Benefit cost$188
 $120
$542
 $188

401(k) Retirement Plan

The Company’s retirement plan, which covers all U.S. employees, allows participants to defer from 1% to 75% of their eligible compensation through a 401(k)-retirement program. The plan includes Virco stock as one of the investment options. At April 30, 20192020 and 2018,2019, the plan held 673,964763,586 shares and 595,425673,964 shares of Virco stock, respectively. For the quarter ended April 30, 2019, the Company made a contribution to employees enrolled in the Plan in connection with an auto-enrollment program and initiated a Company match effective January 1, 2018. For the three months ended April 30, 20192020 and 2018,2019, the compensation costs incurred for employer match was $187,000$210,000 and $184,000,$187,000, respectively.

Note 13.12. Warranty Accrual
The Company provides an assurance type warranty against all substantial defects in material and workmanship. The standard warranty offered on products sold through January 31, 2013 is 10 years. Effective February 1, 2014, the Company modified its warranty to a limited lifetime warranty. The warranty effective February 1, 2014 is not anticipated to have a significant effect on warranty expense. Effectiveafter January 1, 2017 the Companywas modified the warranty offered to provide specific warranty periods by product component, with no warranty period longer than ten years. The Company’s warranty is not a guarantee of service life, which depends upon events outside the Company’s control and may be different from the warranty period. The Company accrues an estimate of its exposure to warranty claims based upon both product sales data and an analysis of actual warranty claims incurred.
The following is a summary of the Company’s warranty-claim activity for the three months ended April 30, 20192020 and 2018.2019:
Three Months Ended
4/30/2019 4/30/2018Three Months Ended
(In thousands)4/30/2020 4/30/2019
   (in thousands)
Beginning balance$700
 $925
$800
 $700
Provision71
 55
60
 71
Costs incurred(71) (55)(60) (71)
Ending balance$700
 $925
$800
 $700
Note 14.13. Contingencies

The Company has a self-insured retention for product and general liability losses up to $250,000 per occurrence, workers’ compensation liability losses up to $250,000 per occurrence and for automobile liability losses up to $50,000 per occurrence. The Company has purchased insurance to cover losses in excess of the retention up to a limit of $30,000,000. The Company

has obtained an actuarial estimate of its total expected future losses for liability claims and recorded a liability equal to the net present value.

The Company and its subsidiaries are defendants in various legal proceedings resulting from operations in the normal course of business. It is the opinion of management, in consultation with legal counsel, that the ultimate outcome of all such matters will not materially affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Note 15. Reclassification of Prior Year Presentation14. Delivery Costs

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for consistency with the current year presentation. We have reclassified the pension costs from selling, general and administrative expense to non-operating pension expense in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations forFor the quarter ended April 30, 2018. This reclassification had no impact upon the reported net loss. This change2020 and 2019, shipping and classroom delivery costs of approximately $2,078,000 and $2,761,000, respectively, were included in classification does not affect previously reported cash flows from operating activitiesselling, general and administrative expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statementsaccompanying consolidated statements of Cash Flows.operations.

Note 16. Subsequent Events15. COVID-19
Management has made an evaluation for subsequent events requiring recognition or disclosure inOn March 11, 2020, the condensed consolidated financial statements through June 14, 2019, which isWorld Health Organization declared the date the condensed consolidated financial statements were availablecurrent coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak to be issued. None were identified.a global pandemic.  In response to this declaration and the rapid spread of COVID-19 within the United States, federal, state and local governments throughout the country have imposed varying degrees of restriction on social and commercial activity to promote social distancing in an effort to slow the spread of the illness.  The Company has been operating its manufacturing and distribution facilities on a voluntary basis to give employees the flexibility to remain at home with children who are out of school or for other personal reasons as they deem necessary.  Office employees and others who can work from home continue to do so.  Appropriate measures are being taken to protect the health of employees performing essential on-site operations.

The Company’s Conway, Arkansas facilities, which represent approximately two thirds of the Company’s production and distribution capacity, has been fully operational for this period of time.  In accordance with State of California and local orders that include guidance on the definition and responsibilities of “essential businesses,” the Company has been operating its Torrance facility.  During May, the Company closed its Torrance facility for several days before and after Memorial Day to perform comprehensive cleaning of production and office areas.  Management estimates that the Torrance facility is currently staffed at approximately 50% of its normal level.

The impacts of COVID-19 are expected to continue to be a challenge for the foreseeable future. The Company believes the economy will be adversely impacted for an indeterminate period, including the demand for our products. Consequently, the Company believes that it may report lower sales and earnings than would otherwise have been expected for the remainder of fiscal year 2021.  The extent of the impact will depend on numerous factors that are unknown, uncertain and cannot be predicted.








Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Results of Operations

Three Months Ended April 30, 20192020

Results of operations for the three months ended April 30, 2020 have been significantly impacted by economic conditions driven by the COVID-19 epidemic. The majority of our primary customers, the K-12 public school systems, closed school campuses and initiated remote learning on or about March 15, 2020. Subsequent to that date there have been significant impacts on the Companies business operations. Selling activities have been significantly impacted. Our direct sales force, one of the Companies distinct competitive advantages, have been unable to make in person sales calls and has been required to call on customers using telephonic or other electronic methods. Our primary customers, educators and district business officials are typically working remotely. Orders of furniture were impacted, but the severity of the impact varied by funding source. Transactional orders, which are typically smaller, sometimes made through internet and other resellers, and are frequently for more immediate delivery, fell sharply. Project orders; typically larger, frequently requiring project management and full-service, characterized by a longer selling process - typically months in advance of the order - remained strong. Funding sources for project orders are frequently bond funded, precluding funding from being diverted to alternative expenditures. Delivery of furniture to customers has been adversely impacted. Customers deferred deliveries of furniture during the initial school closures. This caused a reduction in first quarter shipments, but because orders were stable, our backlog of orders at April 30, 2020 was approximately $8,324,000 greater than the prior year.

The current condition of the K-12 education market is one of significant disruption. The vast majority of schools closed on or about March 15, 2020. The vast majority of schools are remaining closed for the balance of the school year, with the current academic year being completed remotely. Public schools are expected to begin the next school year under normal or slightly accelerated schedules, but the balance of on-site versus remote learning has not been determined. The Company’s business has been intensely seasonal, but the seasonal curve has been extremely stable for many years. The current COVID-19 affected conditions are having an impact on the seasonal nature of our business, and also on the competitive landscape of suppliers of furniture for schools. The Company is operating both manufacturing and distribution facilities, utilizing all reasonable methods to protect the health of our employees. Activity levels in the facilities has been moderated to reflect the level of business activity. At this time, the Company has not incurred significant disruptions in its supply chain that had a material impact on operations. The Company believes that some competitors may fail to successfully deliver furniture to customers this summer. Resellers of furniture may be less likely to commit to large inventories of unsold furniture sourced from China. The China supply chain is more challenged than in prior years, both by these uncertain times as well as the impact of tariffs imposed in recent years. Management believes that while the market for school furniture may decline in the fiscal year ending January 31, 2021, there are meaningful opportunities to take market share without having to do so through pricing tactics.

For the three months ended April 30, 2019,2020, the Company incurred a pre-tax loss of $7,973,000 on net sales of $17,599,000 compared to a pre-tax loss of $4,485,000 on net sales of $26,893,000 compared to a pre-tax loss of $5,034,000 on net sales of $22,569,000 in the same period in 2018.2019. Net sales for the three months ended April 30, 2019 increased2020 decreased by $4,324,000,$9,294,000, a 19.2% increase,34.6% decrease, compared to the same period last year. Net sales increaseddecreased largely becausedue to the Company started the year with an order backlog that was $4,200,000 higher thanimpact of COVID-19 as described above. The decrease in the prior year. Approximately 60% of the increase in net sales was attributable tosubstantially all volume related with the volume decline very slightly offset by an increase in selling price and the balance due to increased volume.

At the beginning of the current fiscal year, the Company significantly increased selling prices to compensate for severe cost increases incurred during last fiscal year. These increases included the effect of steel tariffs, tariffs on product from China, and a variety of other costs. In addition, the price increase was intended to cover anticipated cost increases for fiscal year ending January 31, 2020. The amount of price increase varied based upon the type of product and competitive considerations, but no product increased by less than 10%. Impact of this price increase did not fully impact first quarter sales, as the majority of first quarter sales were from the beginning backlog of orders, which were received before the price increase. The impact of the price increase will be more impactful during the second and third quarters.prices.

Order rates for the first quarter decreased by approximately 18.2%2.1% compared to the prior year period. Order ratesBecause orders declined slightly while deliveries were very slow for the months of February and March, with year-to-date orders through March being 27% lower than the prior year. Order rates for April and May which are seasonally higher than February and March were 2% lower than prior year. Because these orders are more likelydelayed due to be delivered in the summer months when school is not in session,COVID-19, order backlog at April 30, 2019 decreased2020 increased by approximately 22.0%21.2%. Backlog at April 30, 20192020 was $39,254,000$47,578,000 compared to $50,136,000$39,254,000 at April 30, 2018 and $39,553,000 at April 30, 2017.2019.

Gross margin for the three months ended April 30, 20192020 decreased as a percentage of sales to 33.8%27.9% in the current quarter compared to 34.1%33.8% in the prior quarter. This decrease was primarily attributable to four components. First,Last year the Company increased compensationreduced the level of standard product produced to inventory for factory employees, in large part because of pressures from increases in minimum wagesummer delivery and other pressures in employee compensation. Second,prioritized product targeted to specific customer project orders. This tactic enabled the Company has incurred increased material costs for certain commodities, particularly steelto achieve improved levels of on-time delivery and imported components from China. Third, whilecustomer satisfaction during the Company has increased selling prices to recover these cost increases, a significant portion for shipments in the first quarter were from orders placedsummer in the prior year. For the current year, priorthe Company is more aggressively pursuing the same tactic. Production and the related investment in inventory were delayed to the price increase. Fourth,receipt of specific orders, and production of standard product, which more often supplies transactional orders, was reduced. Our production strategy combined with a cautious approach to building inventory in this current economic environment caused factory production levels wereto decline by approximately 13% lower20% for the first quarter of fiscal 20202021 compared to the prior year in response to slow order rates.year. The reduced production levels adversely impacted factory efficiency.

Selling, general and administrative expenses increaseddecreased by approximately $527,000$750,000 compared to the prior year but decreasedincreased as a percentage of sales. The increasedecrease in spending is attributable to variable selling and service costs.


Interest expense decreased for the quarter ended April 30, 2020 compared to the same period last year. The Company has borrowed less money to finance accounts receivable and production of inventory in anticipation of increased summer shipping activity.

Income tax benefit for the quarter ended April 30, 2019 is comparable2020 increased compared to the prior year. The effective tax rate for the first quarter of 20202021 was 31.6% compare41.1% compared to 29.0%31.6% for the same period last year.

Interest expense was more for the quarter ended April 30, 2019 compared to the same period last year. There are two components of the increase. First, the Company has borrowed more money to finance production of inventory in anticipation of increased summer shipping activity. Second, expense increased as a result of higher interest rates.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
The impact of COVID-19 on liquidity has been to moderate the seasonal increase in accounts receivable and production of inventory for summer delivery. Both the increase in accounts receivable and inventory are traditionally financed through the Company’s line of credit with PNC Bank. Reductions in receivables and inventory were substantially offset by a reduction in borrowing under the line. Net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended April 30, 2020 was $9,887,000 compared to $18,286,000 for the same period last year. The reduction was attributable to reduced inventory and accounts receivable in addition to an increase in accounts payable

Accounts receivable were slightly higherlower at April 30, 2020 than at April 30, 2019 than at April 30, 2018 due to increaseddecreased sales during the quarter resulting from the backlog at January 31, 2019.quarter. Due to the seasonal nature of our business, the Company traditionally builds large quantities of inventory during the first quarter of each fiscal year in anticipation of seasonally high summer shipments. During the first quarter ended April 30, 2019,2020, the Company increased inventory by approximately $16.2$14.9 million compared to January 31, 2019,2020, approximately $4.2$1.4 million less than what was added in the first quarter of the prior year. This reduction was in part to compensate for a larger beginningBecause the Company started the year with less inventory, balanceand produced less, inventory levels at January 31, 2019 compared to the prior year and in response to slower order rates. At April 30, 2019 inventory was slightly higher in dollars due to increased raw material prices but lower in unit volume.2020 were approximately $5.3 million less than at the same date last year. The increase in inventory during the first quarter of this year was financed through the Company's credit facility with PNC Bank, National Association ("PNC").


Borrowing under the Company's revolving line of credit with PNC at April 30, 20192020 is approximately $1.9$13.6 million higherlower compared to the same quarter last year. The increasedecrease in borrowing is primarily attributable to increaseddecreased accounts receivable.
receivable and decreased levels of inventory. Accrual basis capital expenditures were $884,000$922,000 for the three months ended April 30, 20192020 compared to $613,000$884,000 for the same period last year.  Capital expenditures are being financed through the Company's credit facility with PNC.

Net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended April 30, 2019 was $18,286,000 compared to $16,992,000 for the same period last year. The slight increase in cash used was primarily attributable to a reduction in accounts payable.

The Company believes that cash flows from operations, together with the Company's unused borrowing capacity under its revolving line of credit with PNC will be sufficient to fund the Company's debt service requirements, capital expenditures and working capital needs for at least the next twelve months.months and that it will be in compliance with debt covenants during that same period. However, we are not able to estimate the full impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on our financial condition and results of operations given the inherent uncertainty as to when the COVID-19 pandemic will end, and businesses and schools will begin operations. Approximately $4,000,000$12,343,000 was available for borrowing as of April 30, 2019.2020.


Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
None.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The Company's critical accounting policies are outlined in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2019. On February 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-02-Leases (Topic 842), using the modified retrospective approach and applying the transitional relief allowing entities to initially apply the requirements at the adoption date by recognizing a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings2020.  There have been no significant changes in the period of adoption. Consequently, results and disclosures for the reporting periods beginning on February 1, 2019 are reported and presented under ASC 842, while prior period amounts, and disclosures are not adjusted and continue to be reported and presented under ASC 840, Leases. In addition, the Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which among other things, allowed the Company to carry forward the historical lease classification. Further, the Company did not elect to apply the hindsight practical expedient, which allowed the Company to forgo reassessing the lease term at adoption. The Company has elected to account for leases with an original term of 12 months or less that do not contain a purchase option as short-term leases.

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases in which the Company is the lessee are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, other current liabilities, and operating lease liabilitiesquarter ended April 30, 2020. New Accounting Pronouncements in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company does not have any finance leases, as a lessee, and no leases for which it is the lessor.

ROU assets represent the rightNotes to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligationunaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date basedthis Quarterly Report on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The Company’s lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease only when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. The weighted average remaining lease term is 5.72 years. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Our incremental borrowing rate is estimated to approximate the interest rate on a collateralized basis with similar terms and payments using company specific credit spreads. The Company uses the implicit rate when readily determinable. The incremental borrowing rate used is 6.39%. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives. The Company’s lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease only when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term

The Company has lease agreements that contain non-lease components, which are generally accounted for as part of a combined lease.

Adoption of the new standard resulted in the recording of ROU assets and lease liabilities of approximately $23.9 million and $25.6 million respectively, as of February 1, 2019. The difference between the additional lease assets and lease liabilities, net of the deferred tax impact, was due to previous deferred rent balances that were removed as part of the adoption of Topic 842. The standard did not materially impact our condensed consolidated statement of operations and had an immaterial impact on the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows.Form 10-Q.

Forward-Looking Statements
From time to time, including in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended April 30, 2019,2020, the Company or its representatives have made and may make forward-looking statements, orally or in writing. Such forward-looking statements may be included in, without limitation, reports to stockholders, press releases, oral statements made with the approval of an authorized executive officer of the Company and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). The words or phrases “anticipates,” “expects,” “will continue,” “believes,” “estimates,” “projects,” or similar expressions are intended to identify “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The results contemplated by the Company's forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could


cause actual results to vary materially from anticipated results, including without limitation, availability of funding for educational institutions, availability and cost of materials, especially steel, availability and cost of labor, demand for the Company's products, competitive conditions affecting selling prices and margins, capital costs and general economic


conditions. Such risks and uncertainties are discussed in more detail in the Company's Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 20192020 under the caption "Risk Factors".

The Company's forward-looking statements represent its judgment only on the dates such statements were made. By making any forward-looking statements, the Company assumes no duty to update them to reflect new, changed or unanticipated events or circumstances.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The Company is subjecta smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act as of our second quarter of fiscal 2020 and are not required to interest rate risk related to its seasonal borrowings used to finance additional inventory and receivables. Rising interest rates may adversely affectprovide the Company's results of operations and cash flows related to its variable-rate bank borrowingsinformation under its credit line with PNC. Accordingly, a 100-basis point upward fluctuation in PNC's base rate would have caused the Company to incur additional interest charges of approximately $74,000 and $61,000 for the three months ended April 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company would have benefited from a similar interest savings if the base rate were to have fluctuated downward by a like amount.this item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including its Principal Executive Officer along with its Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) as of April 30, 2019.2020. Based upon the foregoing, the Company's Principal Executive Officer along with the Company's Principal Financial Officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures as of such date were effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed in the Company’s Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed,
summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to Company management, including its Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, Company management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including its Principal Executive Officer along with its Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon the foregoing, the Company's Principal Executive Officer along with the Company's Principal Financial Officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
There have been no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.



PART II — Other Information

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The Company is a party to various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business which, in the opinion of the Company, are not material in that management either expects that the Company will be successful on the merits of the pending cases or that any liabilities resulting from such cases will be substantially covered by insurance. While it is impossible to estimate with certainty the ultimate legal and financial liability with respect to these actions, management believes that the aggregate amount of such liabilities will not be material to the results of operations, financial position, or cash flows of the Company.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

You should carefully consider and evaluate the information in this Quarterly Report and the risk factors set forth under the caption “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 20192020 (the “Form 10-K”), which was filed with the SEC on May 1, 2019.April 30, 2020. The risk factors associated with our business have not materially changed compared to the risk factors disclosed in the Form 10-K.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
None.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
None.
Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibit 31.1 — CertificationOn June 9, 2020, the Board of Robert A. Virtue, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14Directors of the Securities Exchange Act,Company approved and adopted amendments to the Company’s Bylaws to help facilitate the conduct of a virtual annual meeting of stockholders in 2020 as adopted pursuant to section 302a result of the Sarbanes-Oxley ActCOVID-19 pandemic. The Bylaws, as amended and restated, clarify that stockholder meetings may be held by means of 2002.remote communications.  The Third Amended and Restated Bylaws provide, among other things:
that stockholder meetings may be held solely by means of remote communications;
that the presence of a stockholder “in person” at a stockholder meeting includes presence by remote communication, if applicable; and
that the list of stockholders entitled to vote at a stockholder meeting may also be provided on a reasonably accessible electronic network.
This description of the amendments to the Bylaws is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the text of the Third Amended and Restated Bylaws, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 3.3 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and incorporated by reference herein.



Exhibit 31.2 — Item 6. ExhibitsCertification of Robert E. Dose, Vice President, Finance, pursuant to Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Exhibit
Number
Document
3.3
Third Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company dated June 9, 2020.
31.1
Certification of Robert A. Virtue, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2
Certification of Robert E. Dose, Vice President, Finance, pursuant to Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1
Exhibit 32.1 — Certifications of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Exhibit 101.INS — XBRL Instance Document.
Exhibit 101.SCH — XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
Exhibit 101.CAL — XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
Exhibit 101.LAB — XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
Exhibit 101.PRE — XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.



SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


 VIRCO MFG. CORPORATION
Date: June 14, 201912, 2020By:/s/ Robert E. Dose
  Robert E. Dose
  Vice President — Finance
  (Principal Financial Officer)


2023