SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark One)


☑			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
			For the quarterly period ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
			For the transition period from to

Commission file number 001-11504

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as defined in its charter)


Delaware			52-1401755
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)			(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

One University Plaza, Suite 307			07601
Hackensack, New Jersey			(Zip Code)
(Address of principal executive offices)

(201) 808-8400

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered

Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share

CSBR

The Nasdaq ~~Capital~~Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company”, and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer ¨	Accelerated filer ¨	Non-accelerated filer þ	Smaller reporting company ☑
			Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No þ

The number of Common Shares of the Registrant outstanding as of ~~December 4, 2020~~September 10, 2021 was ~~13,369,045.~~13,422,106..

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE - None

INDEX TO FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED ~~OCTOBER~~JULY 31, ~~2020~~2021


	PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements.
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 (unaudited) and April 30, ~~2020~~202 1	4
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three ~~and Six~~ Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019~~2020	5
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated ~~Statement~~s Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the Three ~~and Six~~ Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019~~2020	6
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the ~~Six~~Three Months Ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019~~2020	7
	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	98
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	2018
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	2421
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	2421

	PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	2523
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	2523
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	2523
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	2523
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	2523
Item 5.	Other Information	2523
Item 6.	Exhibits	2624

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Dollars in Thousands)


		October 31, 2020		April 30, 2020			July 31, 2021		April 30, 2021
		(unaudited)					(unaudited)
ASSETS	ASSETS					ASSETS
Current assets:	Current assets:					Current assets:
Cash	Cash	$	8,553	$	8,342	Cash	$	3,998	$	4,687
Accounts receivable, net	Accounts receivable, net	5,960		4,770		Accounts receivable, net	7,733		6,986
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	Prepaid expenses and other current assets	477		385		Prepaid expenses and other current assets	864		957

Total current assets	Total current assets	14,990		13,497		Total current assets	12,595		12,630

Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	5,527		2,798		Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	8,329		8,521
Property and equipment, net	Property and equipment, net	4,872		3,993		Property and equipment, net	6,763		6,090
Other long-term assets	Other long-term assets	36		128		Other long-term assets	86		15
Goodwill	Goodwill	335		335		Goodwill	335		335

Total assets	Total assets	$	25,760	$	20,751	Total assets	$	28,108	$	27,591

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY					LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Current liabilities:	Current liabilities:					Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	Accounts payable	$	3,948	$	3,140	Accounts payable	$	3,345	$	1,894
Accrued liabilities	Accrued liabilities	1,995		2,502		Accrued liabilities	1,981		2,231
Current portion of finance lease		18		125

Current portion of operating lease liabilities	Current portion of operating lease liabilities	605		503		Current portion of operating lease liabilities	854		818
Other current liability						Other current liability	15		—
Deferred revenue	Deferred revenue	6,188		5,815		Deferred revenue	5,481		6,256

Total current liabilities	Total current liabilities	12,754		12,085		Total current liabilities	11,676		11,199

Non-current operating lease liabilities	Non-current operating lease liabilities	5,932		3,170		Non-current operating lease liabilities	8,652		8,783

Other non-current liabilities	Other non-current liabilities	181		178		Other non-current liabilities	242		181

Total liabilities	Total liabilities	$	18,867	$	15,433	Total liabilities	$	20,570	$	20,163

Stockholders’ equity:	Stockholders’ equity:					Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $.001 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized; 13,368,545 and 12,726,728 shares issued and outstanding as of October 31, 2020 and April 30, 2020, respectively		13		13
Common stock, $.001 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized; 13,415,066 and 13,414,066 shares issued and outstanding as of July 31, 2021 and April 30, 2021, respectively						Common stock, $.001 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized; 13,415,066 and 13,414,066 shares issued and outstanding as of July 31, 2021 and April 30, 2021, respectively	13		13

Additional paid-in capital	Additional paid-in capital	79,477		77,978		Additional paid-in capital	80,227		79,945
Accumulated deficit	Accumulated deficit	(72,597)		(72,673)		Accumulated deficit	(72,702)		(72,530)

Total stockholders’ equity	Total stockholders’ equity	6,893		5,318		Total stockholders’ equity	7,538		7,428

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	25,760	$	20,751	Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	28,108	$	27,591

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY, INC.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)


		Three Months Ended October 31,				Six Months Ended October 31,					Three Months Ended July 31,
		2020		2019		2020		2019			2021		2020

Oncology services revenue	Oncology services revenue	$	10,117	$	7,625	$	19,664	$	14,362	Oncology services revenue	$	11,253	$	9,547

Costs and operating expenses:	Costs and operating expenses:									Costs and operating expenses:
Cost of oncology services	Cost of oncology services	5,644		3,881		10,980		7,633		Cost of oncology services	5,396		5,336
Research and development	Research and development	1,650		1,341		3,247		2,644		Research and development	2,304		1,597
Sales and marketing	Sales and marketing	1,348		977		2,556		1,847		Sales and marketing	1,574		1,208
General and administrative	General and administrative	1,468		1,135		2,850		2,561		General and administrative	2,154		1,382

Total costs and operating expenses	Total costs and operating expenses	10,110		7,334		19,633		14,685		Total costs and operating expenses	11,428		9,523

Income (loss) from operations	Income (loss) from operations	7		291		31		(323)		Income (loss) from operations	(175)		24

Other income	Other income	9		27		73		15		Other income	17		64

Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	16		318		104		(308)		Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	(158)		88
Provision for income taxes	Provision for income taxes	15		11		28		26		Provision for income taxes	14		13

Net income (loss)	Net income (loss)	$	1	$	307	$	76	$	(334)	Net income (loss)	$	(172)	$	75

Net income (loss) per common share outstanding	Net income (loss) per common share outstanding									Net income (loss) per common share outstanding
basic	basic	$	0	$	0.03	$	0.01	$	(0.03)	basic	$	(0.01)	$	0.01
and diluted	and diluted	$	0	$	0.02	$	0.01	$	(0.03)	and diluted	$	(0.01)	$	0.01

Weighted average common shares outstanding	Weighted average common shares outstanding									Weighted average common shares outstanding
basic	basic	13,064,191		11,619,686		12,811,921		11,619,569		basic	13,401,929		12,727,275
and diluted	and diluted	15,062,103		12,964,792		14,563,060		11,619,569		and diluted	13,401,929		14,231,641

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY, INC.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Dollars in Thousands)


		Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit									Total Stockholders' Equity		Common Stock												Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit					Total Stockholders' Equity
		Shares	Amount											Shares				Amount						Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit				Total Stockholders' Equity
Balance April 30, 2020		12,726,728	13					$	77,978			$	(72,673)									$	5,318
Balance April 30, 2021																				Balance April 30, 2021		13,414,066					$	13											$	79,945		$	(72,530)					$	7,428
Stock-based compensation	Stock-based compensation	—	—			120				$	—							$	120	Stock-based compensation		—			—							280				—								280

Issuance of common stock on exercise of stock options	Issuance of common stock on exercise of stock options	1,160	—			0				$	—							$	0	Issuance of common stock on exercise of stock options		1,000			—							2				—								2

Net income		—	—			—				75								75
Balance July 31, 2020		12,727,888	13			$	78,098			$	(72,598)							$	5,513
Stock-based compensation		—	—			85				$	—							$	85

Issuance of common stock on exercise of stock options		640,657	—			1,294				$	—							$	1,294

Net income		—	—			—				1								1
Balance October 31, 2020		13,368,545	13			79,477				(72,597)								6,893

		Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Deficit								Total Stockholders' Equity
		Shares	Amount
Balance April 30, 2019		11,619,538	12			$	72,924					$	(70,698)							$	2,238
Stock-based compensation		—	—			131				—										131

Net loss	Net loss	—	—			—				(641)								(641)		Net loss		—			—							—				(172)								(172)
Balance July 31, 2019		11,619,538	12			$	73,055			$	(71,339)							$	1,728
Stock-based compensation		—	—			77				—								77
Issuance of common stock on exercise of stock options and warrants		625	—			2				—								2
Net income		—	—			—				307								307
Balance October 31, 2019		11,620,163	12			73,134				(71,032)								2,114
Balance July 31, 2021																				Balance July 31, 2021		13,415,066			$	13						$	80,227			$	(72,702)							$	7,538

																						Common Stock									Additional Paid-in Capital	Accumulated Deficit									Total Stockholders' Equity
																						Shares			Amount
Balance April 30, 2020																				Balance April 30, 2020		12,726,728			$	13								$	77,978			$	(72,673)							$	5,318
Stock-based compensation																				Stock-based compensation		—			—							120				—								120

Issuance of common stock on exercise of stock options																				Issuance of common stock on exercise of stock options		1,160			—							—				—								—
Net income																				Net income		—			—							—				75								75
Balance July 31, 2020																				Balance July 31, 2020		12,727,888			$	13						$	78,098			$	(72,598)							$	5,513

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY, INC.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Dollars in Thousands)

Six Months Ended
October 31,
2020 2019
Operating activities:
Net income (loss) $ 76 $ (334)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Stock-based compensation 205 208
Depreciation and amortization expense 584 360
Gain on disposal of equipment 0 (52)
Gain on termination of operating lease (75) 0
Operating lease right-of use assets 79 198
Provision for doubtful accounts 49 34
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable (1,237) 425
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (92) (55)
Accounts payable 568 (341)
Accrued liabilities (507) (339)
Other non-current liabilities 3 0
Operating lease liabilities 138 (147)
Deferred revenue 373 124
Net cash provided by operating activities 164 81
Investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment (1,224) (522)
Refund of security deposit 92 0
Net cash used in investing activities (1,132) (522)
Financing activities:
Proceeds from exercise of options and warrants 1,294 2
Finance lease payments (115) (14)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 1,179 (12)
Increase (decrease) in cash 211 (453)
Cash at beginning of period 8,342 3,237
Cash at end of period $ 8,553 $ 2,784
Non-cash investing activities:
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities 3,872 3,205
Unpaid portion of property and equipment purchase 240 321
Credit received on purchase of equipment $ 0 $ 160


	Three Months Ended July 31,
	2021		2020
Operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	(172)	$	75

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Stock-based compensation	280		120

Depreciation and amortization expense	317		277

Net gain on disposal of equipment	(4)		—
Gain on termination of operating lease	—		(75)
Operating lease right-of use assets	245		(67)
Provision for (reversal of) doubtful accounts	78		(6)

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(825)		(263)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	93		25
Other long term assets	(70)		—
Accounts payable	1,372		(465)
Accrued liabilities	(250)		(348)

Other current liabilities	15		—
Other non-current liabilities	62		1
Operating lease liabilities	(150)		157
Deferred revenue	(775)		(146)

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	216		(715)

Investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment	(907)		(718)


Refund of security deposit	—		92

Net cash used in investing activities	(907)		(626)

Financing activities:

Proceeds from exercise of options	2		—


Finance lease payments	—		(58)


Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	2		(58)

Decrease in cash	(689)		(1,399)
Cash at beginning of period	4,687		8,342

Cash at end of period	$	3,998	$	6,943

Non-cash investing activities:
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	$	—	$	3,872
Equipment acquired in accounts payable	79		—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1. Organization, Use of Estimates and Basis of Presentation

Champions Oncology, Inc. (the “Company”) is engaged in ~~an end-to-end range of research and development~~creating transformative technology solutions to be utilized in oncology drug discovery and ~~services to improve the development~~development. This technology includes proprietary in-vivo, ex-vivo and ~~use of~~biomarker platforms, unique oncology ~~drugs. The Company’s~~software solutions and computational-based discovery platforms. Utilizing its TumorGraft Technology Platform ~~is a novel approach to personalizing cancer care based upon the implantation of human tumors in immune-deficient mice.~~ ("The Company provides a technology platform to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies using proprietary TumorGraft studies, which the Company believes may be predictive of how drugs may perform in clinical settings. Utilizing the TumorGraft Technology Platform (the "Platform"Platform"), a comprehensive ~~Bank~~bank of unique, well characterized ~~"Patient Derived XenoGrafts" (PDX)~~ models, the Company ~~offers multiple~~provides select services to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies seeking personalized approaches to drug development. By performing pharmacology studies to predict the efficacy of oncology drugs, ~~our~~the Company’s Platform facilitates drug discovery with lower costs and increased speed of drug development as well as increased adoption of existing drugs.

The Company’s Software as a Service business is centered around a proprietary software platform and data tool, Lumin Bioinformatics ("Lumin”), which contains comprehensive information derived from our research services and clinical studies. Lumin leverages Champions’ large datacenter coupled with analytics and artificial intelligence to provide a robust tool for computational cancer research. Insights developed using Lumin can provide the basis for biomarker hypotheses, reveal potential mechanisms of therapeutic resistance, and guide the direction of additional preclinical evaluations.

The Company’s drug discovery and development business leverages the computational and experimental capabilities within its platforms.Their discovery strategy utilizes our rich and unique datacenter, coupled with artificial intelligence and other advanced computational analytics, to identify novel therapeutic targets.The use of its proprietary experimental platforms is then deployed to rapidly validate these targets for further drug development efforts.

The Company has 23 operating subsidiaries: Champions Oncology (Israel), Limited, ~~and~~ Champions Biotechnology U.K., ~~Limited.~~Limited, and Champions Oncology, S.R.L. (Italy). For the three ~~and six~~ months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, there were no revenues earned by these subsidiaries.

The Company’s foreign subsidiaries functional currency is the U.S. dollar. Transaction gains and losses are recognized in earnings. The Company is subject to foreign exchange rate fluctuations in connection with the Company’s international operations.

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC. All significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated. Certain information related to the Company’s organization, significant accounting policies and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or GAAP, has been condensed or omitted. The accounting policies followed in the preparation of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are consistent with those followed in the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended April 30, ~~2020,~~2021, as filed on Form 10-K. In the opinion of management, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all material adjustments necessary to fairly state our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented and the presentations and disclosures herein are adequate when read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, ~~2020.~~2021. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for a full fiscal year.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers only those investments which are highly liquid, readily convertible to cash, and with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 and April 30, ~~2020~~2021 the Company had 0no cash equivalents.

Liquidity

Our liquidity needs have typically arisen from the funding of our research and development programs and the launch of new products, working capital requirements, and other strategic initiatives. In the past, we have met these cash requirements through our cash on hand, working capital management, proceeds from certain private placements and public offerings of our securities, and sales of products and services. For the ~~six~~three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company had a net ~~income~~loss of approximately ~~$76,000~~$172,000 and cash provided by operations of ~~$164,000.~~$216,000. As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company had an accumulated deficit of approximately ~~$72.6~~$72.7 million, working capital of ~~$2.2 million~~$919,000 and cash of ~~$8.6~~$4.0 million. We believe that our cash on hand, together with expected net positive cash provided by operations for fiscal year ~~2021,~~2022, are adequate to fund operations through at least 12 months from the filing of this 10-Q. However, should our revenue expectations not materialize, we believe we have cost reduction strategies that could be implemented without disrupting the business or restructuring the Company. Should the Company be required to raise additional capital, there can be no assurance that management would be successful in raising such capital on terms acceptable to us, if at all.

Leases

~~Effective May 1, 2019, the~~The Company accounts for its leases under Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 842, Leases. Under this guidance, arrangements meeting the definition of a lease are classified as operating or financing leases and are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet as both a right-of-use asset and lease liability, calculated by discounting fixed lease payments over the lease term at the rate implicit in the lease, if applicable, or the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. As the Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Lease liabilities are increased by interest and reduced by payments each period, and the right-of-use asset is amortized over the lease term. For operating leases, interest on the lease liability and the amortization of the right-of-use asset result in straight-line rent expense over the lease term.

Earnings Per Share

Basic net income or loss per share is computed by dividing the net income or loss for the period by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing the net income or loss for the period by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock plus dilutive potential common stock considered outstanding during the period. Such dilutive shares consist of incremental shares that would be issued upon exercise of the Company’s common stock purchase warrants and stock options.

109


		Three Months Ended October 31,				Six Months Ended October 31,				Three Months Ended July 31,
		2020		2019		2020		2019				2021		2020
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share computation (dollars in thousands):	Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share computation (dollars in thousands):										Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share computation (dollars in thousands):
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	1	$	307	$	76	$	(334)		Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	(172)	$	75
Weighted Average common shares – basic	Weighted Average common shares – basic	13,064,191		11,619,686		12,811,921		11,619,569			Weighted Average common shares – basic	13,401,929		12,727,275
Basic net income (loss) per share	Basic net income (loss) per share	$	0	$	0.03	$	0.01	$	(0.03)		Basic net income (loss) per share	$	(0.01)	$	0.01

Diluted income (loss) per share computation:	Diluted income (loss) per share computation:										Diluted income (loss) per share computation:
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	1	$	307	$	76	$	(334)		Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	(172)	$	75

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders	Net income (loss) available to common stockholders	$	1	$	307	$	76	$	(334)		Net income (loss) available to common stockholders	$	(172)	$	75

Weighted Average common shares	Weighted Average common shares	13,064,191		11,619,686		12,811,921		11,619,569			Weighted Average common shares	13,401,929		12,727,275
Incremental shares from assumed exercise of stock options	Incremental shares from assumed exercise of stock options	1,997,912		1,345,106		1,751,139		0			Incremental shares from assumed exercise of stock options	—		1,504,366
Adjusted weighted average share – diluted	Adjusted weighted average share – diluted	15,062,103		12,964,792		14,563,060		11,619,569			Adjusted weighted average share – diluted	13,401,929		14,231,641

Diluted net income (loss) per share	Diluted net income (loss) per share	$	—	$	0.02	$	0.01	$	(0.03)		Diluted net income (loss) per share	$	(0.01)	$	0.01

The following table reflects the total potential share-based instruments outstanding at ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019~~2020 that could have an effect on the future computation of dilution per common share, had their effect not been anti-dilutive:

October 31,
2020 2019
Stock options 1,651,478 2,453,874
Warrants 0 1,669,773
Total common stock equivalents 1,651,478 4,123,647


	July 31,
	2021	2020



Total common stock equivalents	1,734,428	2,276,263

Income Taxes

Deferred income taxes have been provided to show the effect of temporary differences between the recognition of expenses for financial and income tax reporting purposes and between the tax basis of assets and liabilities, and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, the Company assesses the likelihood that deferred tax assets will be recovered through tax planning strategies or from future taxable income, and to the extent that recovery is not likely or there is insufficient earnings history, a valuation allowance is established. ~~Our~~The Company's ability to utilize net operating losses (“NOL”) carryforwards to offset ~~our~~ future taxable income would be limited if ~~we have~~the Company had undergone or were to undergo an “ownership change” within the meaning of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code (the “IRC”). The Company adjusts the valuation allowance in the period management determines it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets will or will not be realized. Changes in valuation allowances from period to period are included in the tax provision in the period of change. As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 and April 30, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company provided a valuation allowance for all net deferred tax assets, as recovery is not more likely than not based on an insufficient history of earnings.

Tax positions are positions taken in a previously filed tax return or positions expected to be taken in a future tax return that are reflected in measuring current or deferred income tax assets and liabilities reported in the consolidated financial statements. Tax positions include, but are not limited to, the following:

•An allocation or shift of income between taxing jurisdictions;

•The characterization of income or a decision to exclude reportable taxable income in a tax return; or

•A decision to classify a transaction, entity or other position in a tax return as tax exempt.

The Company reflects tax benefits only if it is more likely than not that the Company will be able to sustain the tax position, based on its technical merits. If a tax benefit meets this criterion, it is measured and recognized based on the largest amount of benefit that is cumulatively greater than 50% likely to be realized. The Company recorded ~~$180,000 and $178,000~~$181,000 of liabilities related to uncertain tax positions relative to one of its foreign operations as of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 and April 30, ~~2020, respectively.~~2021.

The Company’s practice is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. The Company ~~had no accrual~~accrued $3,000 for interest and penalties on its consolidated balance sheets as of July 31, 2021 and April 30, 2021. The Company did not recognize interest or penalties on ~~the Company’s balance sheets at October 31, 2020 and April 30, 2020, and has not recognized interest and/or penalties in the statement~~its consolidated statements of operations ~~for either period. We do~~during the three-month periods ended July 31, 2021 and 2020. The Company does not anticipate ~~any significant~~ unrecognized tax benefits will be recorded during the next 12 months.

The provision for income taxes for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2021 and 2020 was $14,000 and ~~2019 was $15,000 and $11,000,~~$13,000, respectively, ~~and for the six months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019 was $28,000 and $26,000, respectively. These amounts are~~ mainly attributable to taxable income earned in ~~Israel.~~Israel relating to transfer pricing.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with "ASC 606", Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The objective of the standard is to establish a single comprehensive revenue recognition model that is designed to create greater comparability of financial statements across industries and jurisdictions. Under this standard, companies recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.

All revenue is generated from contracts with customers. The Company's arrangements are service type contracts that mainly have a duration of less than a year. The Company recognizes revenue when control of these services is transferred to the customer in an amount, referred to as the transaction price, that reflects the consideration to which the Company is expected to be entitled in exchange for those services. The Company determines revenue recognition utilizing the following five steps: (1) identification of the contract with a customer, (2) identification of the performance obligations in the contract (promised goods or services that are distinct), (3) determination of the transaction price, (4) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations, and (5) recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company transfers control of the product or service for each performance obligation. The Company records revenues net of any tax assessments by governmental authorities, such as value added taxes, that are imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue generating transactions.

Pharmacology Study ~~POS Services~~ and Other Services

The Company generally enters into contracts with customers to provide oncology services with payments based on fixed-fee arrangements. At contract inception, the Company assesses the services promised in the contracts with customers to identify the performance obligations in the arrangement. The Company's fixed-fee arrangements for oncology services are considered a single performance obligation because the Company provides a highly-integrated service.

The Company recognizes revenue over time using a progress-based input method since there is no single output measure that would fairly depict the transfer of control over the life of the performance obligation. Revenue is recognized for the single performance obligation over time due to the Company's right to payment for work performed to date and the performance does not create an asset with an alternative use. The Company recognizes revenue as portions of the overall performance obligation are completed as this best depicts the progress of the performance obligation.

Incremental Costs of Obtaining a Contract (Sales Commissions)

Under ASC 606, the costs of obtaining a contract can be expensed immediately, rather than capitalized and amortized, if the amortization period is one year or shorter. Sales commissions for the Company represent contract costs with a term of one year or less. Therefore, under ASC 606, the Company elected the practical expedient to expense these costs as incurred.

Variable Consideration

In some cases, contracts provide for variable consideration that is contingent upon the occurrence of uncertain future events, such as the success of the initial performance obligation. Variable consideration is estimated at the expected value or at the most likely amount depending on the type of consideration. Estimated amounts are included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. The estimate of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of its anticipated performance and all information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to the Company.

Trade Receivables, Unbilled Services and Deferred Revenue

In general, billings and payments are established by contractual provisions including predetermined payment schedules, which may or may not correspond to the timing of the transfer of control of the Company's services under the contract. In general, the Company's intention in its invoicing (payment terms) is to maintain cash neutrality over the life of the contract. Upfront payments, when they occur, are intended to cover certain expenses the Company incurs at the beginning of the contract. Neither the Company nor its customers view such upfront payments and contracted payment schedules as a means of financing. Unbilled services primarily arise from the timing of payment terms and when an input method of revenue recognition is utilized and revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer.

Deferred revenue consists of unearned payments received in excess of revenue recognized. As the contracted services are subsequently performed and the associated revenue is recognized, the deferred revenue balance is reduced by the amount of the revenue recognized during the period. Deferred revenue is classified as a current liability on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as the Company expects to recognize the associated revenue in less than one year.

Accounting Pronouncements Being Evaluated

In ~~October 2020,~~June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") ~~2020-10, Codification Improvements.~~No. 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses". This update requires immediate recognition of management’s estimates of current expected credit losses ("CECL"). Under the prior model, losses were recognized only as they were incurred. The ~~purpose of the ASU~~new model is applicable to ~~clarify, correct errors in, or make minor improvements to a variety of ASC topics. The changes in ASU 2020-03~~all financial instruments that are not ~~expected to have a significant effect on the Company's current accounting practices.~~accounted for at fair value through net income. The ASU improves various topics in the Codification to increase stakeholder awareness of the amendments and to expedite the improvement process by making the Codification easier to understand and easier to apply by eliminating inconsistencies and providing clarifications. The ASUstandard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, ~~2020 with early application~~2022 for public entities qualifying as small reporting companies. Early adoption is permitted. ~~We are~~The Company is currently assessing the impact of this update on our consolidated financial ~~statements.~~statements and do not anticipate a significant impact.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The ASU enhances and simplifies various aspects of the income tax accounting guidance in ASC Topic 740 and removes certain exceptions for recognizing deferred taxes for investments, performing intraperiod allocation and calculating income taxes in interim periods. The ASU also adds guidance to reduce complexity in certain areas, including recognizing deferred taxes for tax goodwill and allocating taxes to members of a consolidated group. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods within those fiscal years with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact of this update on our consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses". This update requires immediate recognition of management’s estimates of current expected credit losses ("CECL"). Under the prior model, losses were recognized only as they were incurred. The new model is applicable to all financial instruments that are not accounted for at fair value through net income. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 for public entities qualifying as small reporting companies. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently assessing the impact of this update on our consolidated financial statements.

~~Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements~~

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases", (Topic 842), which required the Company to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities (related to leases previously classified as operating under previous U.S. GAAP) on its consolidated balance sheet for all leases in excess of one year in duration. The ASU was effective for the Company on May 1, 2019. The Company elected to adopt ASU 2016-02 using the modified retrospective method and, therefore, have not recast comparative periods presented in its unaudited consolidated financial statements. As permitted under ASU 2016-02, the Company elected to account for the non-lease components together with the lease components as a single lease component. The Company recorded an operating lease right-of-use ("ROU") asset of $3.2 million, net of deferred rent of $900,000 and an operating lease liability of $4.1 million as of May 1, 2019. See Note 8 of this Form 10-Q for additional information and required disclosures. Under Topic 842, the Company determined if an arrangement is a lease at inception. ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of remaining lease payments over the lease term. For this purpose, the Company considers only payments that are fixed and determinable at the time of commencement. As the Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, which amends ASC 350-40, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software, to address a customer’s accounting for implementation costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement ("CCA") that is a service contract. This update aligns the accounting for costs incurred to implement a CCA that is a service arrangement with the guidance on capitalizing costs associated with developing or obtaining internal-use software. This ASU was effective for and adopted by the Company on May 1, 2020. The adoption had no material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, "Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting". This ASU expands the scope of Topic 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation (which currently only includes share-based payments to employees) to include share-based payments issued to nonemployees for goods or services. Under the new guidance, the existing employee guidance will apply to nonemployee share

based transactions (as long as the transaction is not effectively a form of financing), with the exception of specific guidance related to the attribution of compensation cost. The cost of nonemployee awards will continue to be recorded as if the grantor had paid cash for the goods or services. The new accounting guidance was effective for the Company on May 1, 2019. The Company adopted this ~~new rule beginning with its financial reporting for the quarter ended January 31, 2019. The adoption had no material impact on our consolidated financial statements.~~

~~On November 11, 2019, the FASB issued~~ ASU 2019-08 which clarifies the accounting for share-based payments issued as consideration payable to a customer in accordance with ASC 606. Under the ASU, entities apply the guidance in ASC 718 to measure and classify share-based payments issued to a customer that are not in exchange for a distinct good or service (i.e., share-based sales incentives). The ASU was effective for the Company on May 1, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~the adoption had no material~~it did not have an impact on ~~our~~the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Note 3. Accounts Receivable, Unbilled Services and Deferred Revenue

Accounts receivable and unbilled services were as follows (in thousands):


		October 31, 2020		April 30, 2020			July 31, 2021		April 30, 2021
Accounts receivable	Accounts receivable	$	3,249	$	2,655	Accounts receivable	$	4,465	$	4,304
Unbilled services	Unbilled services	3,049		2,404		Unbilled services	3,684		3,020
Total accounts receivable and unbilled services	Total accounts receivable and unbilled services	6,298		5,059		Total accounts receivable and unbilled services	8,149		7,324
Less allowance for doubtful accounts	Less allowance for doubtful accounts	(338)		(289)		Less allowance for doubtful accounts	(416)		(338)
Total accounts receivable, net	Total accounts receivable, net	$	5,960	$	4,770	Total accounts receivable, net	$	7,733	$	6,986

Deferred revenue was as follows (in thousands):

October 31, 2020 April 30, 2020
Deferred revenue $ 6,188 $ 5,815


	July 31, 2021		April 30, 2021
Deferred revenue	$	5,481	$	6,256

Deferred revenue is shown as a current liability on the Company's condensed consolidated balance ~~sheet.~~sheets.

Note 4. Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Oncology Services Revenue

The Company recognizes revenue ~~under~~in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue Recognition - Revenue from Customers ("ASC 606"). In accordance with ASC 606, revenue is recognized when, or as, a customer obtains control of promised services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for these services.

A performance obligation is a promise (or a combination of promises) in a contract to transfer distinct goods or services to a customer and is the unit of accounting under ASC 606 for the purposes of revenue recognition. A contract's transaction price is allocated to each separate performance obligation based upon the standalone selling price and is recognized as revenue, when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. The majority of the Company's contracts have a single performance obligation because the promise to transfer individual services is not separately identifiable from other promises in the contracts, and therefore, is not distinct.

Customers. The majority of the Company's revenue arrangements are service contracts that are complete within a year or less. There are a few

contracts that range in duration between 1 and 3 years. Substantially all of the Company's performance obligations, and associated revenue, are transferred to the customer over time. Most of the Company's contracts can be terminated by the customer without cause. In the event of termination, the Company's contracts provide that the customer pay the Company for services rendered through the termination date. The Company generally receives compensation based on a predetermined invoicing schedule relating to specific milestones for that contract. In addition, in certain instances a customer contract may include forms of variable consideration such as performance increases or other provisions that can increase or decrease the transaction price. This variable consideration is generally awarded upon achievement of certain performance metrics. For the

purposes of revenue recognition, variable consideration is assessed on a contract-by-contract basis and the amount to be recorded is estimated based on the assessment of the Company's anticipated performance and consideration of all information that is reasonably available. Variable consideration is recognized as revenue if and when it is deemed probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved in the future.

Amendments to contracts are common. The Company evaluates each amendment which meets the criteria of a contract modification under ASC 606. Each modification is further evaluated to determine whether the contract modification should be accounted for as a separate contract or as a continuation of the original agreement. The Company accounts for amendments as a separate contract if they meet the criteria under ASC 606-10-25-12.

Other TOS revenue represents additional services provided to the Company's pharmaceutical and biotechnology ~~companies. The Company does not consider these~~customers, specifically flow cytometry services ~~part of their core product offerings.~~and SaaS provided via our Lumin Bioinformatics software.

The following tables represents disaggregated revenue for the three ~~and six~~ months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019:~~2020:


		Three Months Ended October 31,				Six Months Ended October 31,					Three Months Ended July 31,
		2020		2019		2020		2019			2021		2020
Pharmacology services	Pharmacology services	$	10,041	$	7,358	$	19,454	$	13,888	Pharmacology services	$	10,703	$	9,412
Other TOS revenue										Other TOS revenue	526		21
Personalized oncology services	Personalized oncology services	37		232		150		412		Personalized oncology services	24		113
Other		39		35		60		62
Total oncology services revenue	Total oncology services revenue	$	10,117	$	7,625	$	19,664	$	14,362	Total oncology services revenue	$	11,253	$	9,547

Contract Balances

Contract assets include unbilled amounts typically resulting from revenue recognized in excess of the amounts billed to the customer for which the right to payment is subject to factors other than the passage of time. These amounts may not exceed their net realizable value. Contract assets are classified as current. Contract liabilities consist of customer payments received in advance of performance and billings in excess of revenue recognized, net of revenue recognized from the balance at the beginning of the period. Contract assets and liabilities are presented on the balance sheet on a net contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period. ~~There were no material contract assets or liabilities recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of October 31, 2020 and April 30, 2020.~~

Note 5. Property and Equipment

Property and equipment is recorded at cost and primarily consists of laboratory equipment, furniture and fixtures, and computer equipment and software. Depreciation and amortization is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the various assets ranging from three to nine years. Property and equipment consisted of the following (table in thousands):

1513


		October 31, 2020		April 30, 2020			July 31, 2021		April 30, 2021
Furniture and fixtures	Furniture and fixtures	$	238	$	180	Furniture and fixtures	$	246	$	246
Computer equipment and software	Computer equipment and software	1,758		1,209		Computer equipment and software	1,516		1,461
Capitalized software development costs						Capitalized software development costs	484		484
Laboratory equipment	Laboratory equipment	5,787		4,818		Laboratory equipment	7,126		6,640
Assets in progress	Assets in progress	441		554		Assets in progress	1,627		1,211
Leasehold improvements	Leasehold improvements	4		4		Leasehold improvements	31		4

Total property and equipment	Total property and equipment	8,228		6,765		Total property and equipment	11,030		10,046
Less: Accumulated depreciation	Less: Accumulated depreciation	(3,356)		(2,772)		Less: Accumulated depreciation	(4,267)		(3,956)

Property and equipment, net	Property and equipment, net	$	4,872	$	3,993	Property and equipment, net	$	6,763	$	6,090

Depreciation and amortization expense, excluding expense recorded under the finance lease, was ~~$254,000~~$317,000 and ~~$162,000~~$224,000 for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense, excluding expense recorded under the finance lease, was $478,000 and $307,000 for the six months ended October 31,~~ 2020, ~~and 2019,~~ respectively.

As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 and April 30, ~~2020,~~2021, property, plant and equipment included gross assets held under finance leases of ~~$343,000 and $366,000, respectively.~~$343,000. Related depreciation expense was approximately ~~$53,000~~$0 and ~~$16,000~~$53,000 for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Capitalized software development costs under a hosting arrangement

The Company accounts for the cost of computer software obtained or developed for internal use as well as the software development and implementation costs associated with a hosting arrangement ("internal-use software") that is a service contract in accordance and with ASC 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other ("ASC-350"). We capitalize certain costs in the development of our internal-use software when the preliminary project stage is completed and it is probable that the project itself will be completed and the software will perform as intended. These capitalized costs include personnel and related expenses for employees and costs of third-party consultants who are directly associated with and who devote time to these internal-use software projects. Capitalization of these costs ceases once the project is substantially complete and the software is ready for its intended purpose. Costs incurred for significant upgrades, increased functionality, and enhancements to the Company's internal-use software solutions are also capitalized. Costs incurred for training, maintenance, and minor modifications are expensed as incurred. Capitalized software development costs are amortized using the straight-line method over an estimated useful economic life of three years.

The Company capitalizes development and implementation costs, in accordance with ASC-350, for its Lumin Bioinformatics platform ("Lumin"). Lumin is the Company's oncology data-driven software program and data tool which is classified as Software as a Service (SaaS). These capitalized costs represent salaries, including direct payroll-related costs, certain software development consultant expenses and molecular sequencing programming costs incurred in the engineering and coding of the software development. During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the initial version of the Lumin platform was launched, at which time initial capitalization ceased and amortization commenced. The total Lumin asset was placed into service as of July 31, 2020 in the gross amount of $484,000. Depreciation and ~~2019~~amortization related to this asset was $40,000 and ~~$106,000 and $53,000~~zero for the ~~six months~~three-months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

During the second quarter ended October 31, 2020 and ~~2019,~~through the first quarter ended July 31, 2021, the Company continued to develop increased functionality, expand product design and usability, and add enhancements to the Lumin platform. In accordance with accounting guidance, these costs were capitalized, and as of July 31, 2021, were not yet placed into service or made available for sale. This developmental work does not render the initial released version to be obsolete or diminished in value but, rather, adds to the base level of the existing platform. Total costs included in assets in progress related to these capitalized enhancements and additional functionality as of July 31, 2021 and April 30, 2021 are $1.2 million and $991,000, respectively. These developments are expected to be placed into service and made available for sale in the latter half of fiscal 2022.

Finance Lease

In November 2014, the Company entered into a finance lease for laboratory equipment. The lease had costs of approximately $149,000, at inception, through November 2019. ~~The final lease payment under this finance lease of $2,000 was paid during the three months ended January 31, 2020.~~ As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 the asset has been fully depreciated and book value is nil.

In July 2018, the Company entered into a second finance lease for laboratory equipment. The lease had costs of approximately $266,000, inclusive of interest and ~~taxes, with a monthly payment of approximately $11,000. Although the lease was originally due to mature in July 2020, the~~taxes. The Company ~~decided~~elected to pay the outstanding balance ~~on February 1, 2019. As a result, the entire outstanding balance~~ of the lease early during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019. During the quarter of fiscal 2020, ended October 31, 2019, the Company traded in this asset and received a $160,000 reduction in the purchase price of 2 newly acquired assets. The net book value of the asset traded in at the time of trade in was ~~NaN~~$108,000, resulting in a gain on the disposal of the asset of $53,000, which was included as an offset in the other expense line within the Company's consolidated statement of operations for ~~periods subsequent to that date.~~the nine months ended January 31, 2020. As of July 31, 2021 the assets have been fully depreciated and book value is nil.

In December 2019, the Company entered into a finance lease for laboratory equipment. The lease had costs of approximately $231,000, at inception, through November 2020. ~~This~~The lease ~~expires~~term expired December 2020. The current monthly finance lease payment is approximately $19,000. The future minimum lease payments remaining under this finance lease are approximately $19,000. The present value of minimum future obligations is calculated based on interest rate of 4.75%. Depreciation and amortization expense related to this finance lease was ~~$53,100~~$53,000 and ~~NaN~~zero for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of July 31, 2021 the asset has been fully depreciated and ~~2019, respectively, and $106,000 and NaN for the six months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.~~book value is nil.

Note 6. Share-Based Payments

The Company has in place a 2010 Equity Incentive Plan and a 2008 Equity Incentive Plan. The Company also has in place a 2021 Equity Incentive Plan, subject to shareholder approval at its next shareholder meeting. In general, these plans provide for stock-based compensation in the form of (i) Non-statutory Stock Options; (ii) Restricted Stock Awards; and (iii) Stock Appreciation Rights to the Company’s employees, directors and non-employees. The plans also provide for limits on the aggregate number of shares that may be granted, the term of grants and the strike price of option awards.

Stock-based compensation expense was recognized as follows (table in thousands):


		Three Months Ended October 31,				Six Months Ended October 31,				Three Months Ended July 31,
		2020		2019		2020		2019				2021		2020
General and administrative	General and administrative	$	10	$	39	$	57	$	171		General and administrative	$	171	$	47
Sales and marketing	Sales and marketing	49		27		97		49			Sales and marketing	51		48
Research and development	Research and development	5		2		9		5			Research and development	6		4
Cost of oncology services	Cost of oncology services	21		9		42		(17)			Cost of oncology services	52		21
Total stock-based compensation expense	Total stock-based compensation expense	$	85	$	77	$	205	$	208		Total stock-based compensation expense	$	280	$	120

Stock Option Grants

Black-Scholes assumptions used to calculate the fair value of options granted during the three ~~and six~~ months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019~~2020 were as follows:


		Three Months Ended October 31,		Six Months Ended October 31,		Three Months Ended July 31,
		2020	2019	2020	2019			2021	2020
Expected term in years	Expected term in years	6	6	6	6		Expected term in years	6	6
Risk-free interest rates	Risk-free interest rates	0.27%	1.57%	0.27%-0.39%	1.57%		Risk-free interest rates	0.82%	0.39%
Volatility	Volatility	72.83%	71.11%	72.64%-72.83%	71.11%		Volatility	65.94%-66.21%	72.64%
Dividend yield	Dividend yield	0%	0%	0%	0%		Dividend yield	—%	—%

The weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2021 and 2020 was $5.33 and ~~2019 was $7.05 and $3.32, respectively, and $7.29 and $3.32 for the six months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019,~~$9.85, respectively.

The Company’s stock options activity for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 was as follows:


		Directors and Employees	Non- Employees	Total	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value			Directors and Employees	Non- Employees	Total	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, April 30, 2020		2,228,326	43,332	2,271,658	$	3.23	5.0	$	10,663,000
Outstanding, April 30, 2021										Outstanding, April 30, 2021	1,618,231	35,415	1,653,646	$	3.96	5.4	$	11,384,000
Granted	Granted	60,000	0	60,000	7.29		9.84			Granted	82,532	3,000	85,532	9.01		9.90
Exercised	Exercised	(640,657)	(1,160)	(641,817)	2.24					Exercised	(1,000)	—	(1,000)	2.10
Forfeited	Forfeited	(5,500)	0	(5,500)	6.76					Forfeited	(3,750)	—	(3,750)	10.64
Canceled	Canceled	(26,106)	(923)	(27,029)	4.00					Canceled	—	—	—	—
Expired	Expired	0	(5,834)	(5,834)	10.80					Expired	—	—	—	—

Outstanding, October 31, 2020		1,616,063	35,415	1,651,478	3.71		5.83	$	8,641,000
Outstanding, July 31, 2021										Outstanding, July 31, 2021	1,696,013	38,415	1,734,428	4.19		5.4	$	11,063,000

Vested and expected to vest as of October 31, 2020		1,616,063	35,415	1,651,478	3.71		5.83	$	8,641,000
Vested and expected to vest as of July 31, 2021										Vested and expected to vest as of July 31, 2021	1,696,013	38,415	1,734,428	4.19		5.4	$	11,063,000

Exercisable as of October 31, 2020		1,303,396	9,584	1,312,980	3.15		5.12	$	7,660,000
Exercisable as of July 31, 2021										Exercisable as of July 31, 2021	1,353,752	9,584	1,363,336	3.50		4.6	$	9,666,000

Note 7. Leases

The Company accounts for its leases under ASU 2016-02, "Leases", Topic 842.

Operating Leases

The Company currently leases certain office equipment and its office and laboratory facilities under non-cancelable operating leases. Rent expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term from the lease commencement date through the scheduled expiration date. Rent expenses totaled ~~$629,000~~$452,000 and ~~$477,000~~$307,000 for ~~the six months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. For~~ the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019, rent expenses totaled $314,000 and $239,000,~~2020, respectively. The Company considers its facilities adequate for its current operational needs.

The Company leases the following facilities:

•One University Plaza, Suite 307, Hackensack, New Jersey 07601, which, since November 2011, serves as the Company’s corporate headquarters. The lease expires in November 2021. The Company recognized ~~$44,000~~$24,000 and ~~$47,000~~$20,000 of rental costs relative to this lease for the ~~six months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $24,000 for each the~~ three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2021 and 2020, ~~and 2019.~~respectively.

•1330 Piccard Drive Suite 025, Rockville, MD 20850, which consists of laboratory and office space where the Company conducts operations related to its primary service offerings. The Company executed this lease (the "Original Premises") on January 11, 2017. The operating commencement date was August 11, 2017. This lease was originally ~~expired~~set to expire in August 2028.

◦On March 30, 2020, the Company executed the first amendment to this lease to expand the existing premises at 1330 Piccard Drive, Suite 025 ("Expansion Premises") to add on Suites 050 and 104. This amendment also extended the current lease term by six months. The Expansion Premises operating lease commencement date was June 1, 2020 and, under the amendment, both leases expire February 28, 2029.

◦In accordance with ASC 842, "Leases", the Company evaluated the first amendment and also performed a reassessment of the existing lease for Suite 025 to determine the impact of the six-month term extension. As a result of this assessment, the Company recognized an additional operating ROU asset and related operating lease liability for Suite 025 of $118,000 and $125,000, respectively, as well as an incremental net rent expense of $8,000 during the three months ended July 31, 2020. ~~The Company did not recognize the incremental rental expense under this amendment during fiscal 2020 as the Expansion Premises lease commencement date was during fiscal 2021.~~

◦Upon the Expansion Premises operating lease commencement date (June 1, 2020), the Company recognized an operating ROU asset and related operating lease liability for Suites 050 and 104 of $3.8 million, each, respectively.

◦For the leases related to the Original and Expansion Premises at Piccard Drive, the Company recognized ~~$534,000~~$292,000 and ~~$302,000~~$244,000 of rental expense for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

◦On December 22, 2020, the Company executed the second amendment to this lease to expand the existing premises at 1330 Piccard Drive, Suites 025, 050, and ~~2019,~~104 ("Additional Expansion Premises") to add on Suite 201. The Additional Expansion Premises operating lease commencement date is April 1, 2021 and, ~~$290,000~~under the second amendment, reaffirms that all three leases expire February 28, 2029.

◦Upon the Additional Expansion Premises operating lease commencement date (April 1, 2021), the Company recognized an operating ROU asset and ~~$151,000~~related operating lease liability for Suite 201 of $3.3 million, each, respectively.

◦The Company recognized $130,000 and zero of rental expense for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2021 and 2020, ~~and 2019, respectively.~~respectively, for the Additional Expansion Premises.

•1405 Research Boulevard, Suite 125, Rockville, Maryland 20850 (“New Location”), which ~~consists~~consisted of laboratory and office space where the Company conducted operations related to its primary service offerings. The Company executed this lease on November 1, 2018. The operating commencement date was January 17, 2019. This lease was set to expire in April 2024. The Company terminated this lease on June 30, 2020 and transitioned its activities from this location to the Expansion Premises, as defined above, during the first quarter of fiscal 2021. Upon lease termination, the Company recognized a decrease in the related operating ROU asset and operating lease liability of approximately $850,000 and $926,000, respectively, as well as a gain on lease termination of ~~$76,000.~~$75,000. The Company also recognized ~~$43,000~~zero and ~~$128,000~~$43,000 of rental expense for the ~~six months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019, and 0 and $64,000 for the~~ three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, respectively.

ROU assets and lease liabilities related to our current operating leases are as follows (in thousands):


		October 31, 2020		April 30, 2020			July 31, 2021		April 30, 2021
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	$	5,527	$	2,798	Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	$	8,329	$	8,521
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	Current portion of operating lease liabilities	605		503		Current portion of operating lease liabilities	854		818
Non-current portion of operating lease liabilities	Non-current portion of operating lease liabilities	5,932		3,170		Non-current portion of operating lease liabilities	8,652		8,783

As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the weighted average remaining operating lease term and the weighted average discount rate were ~~8.20~~7.55 years and ~~6.08%~~5.77%, respectively.

Future minimum lease payments due each fiscal year as follows (in thousands):

Remainder of 2021 $ 850
2022 1,851
2023 1,818
2024 1,844
2025 1,867
Thereafter 7,268
Total $ 15,498


Remainder of 2022	$	1,913
2023	2,538
2024	2,678
2025	2,721
2026	2,765
Thereafter	7,932
Total	$	20,547

Refer to Note 5, Property and Equipment, for ~~more~~ information on financing leases.

Note 8. Related Party Transactions

Related party transactions include transactions between the Company and its shareholders, management, or affiliates. The following transactions were in the normal course of operations and were measured and recorded at the exchange amount, which is the amount of consideration established and agreed to by the parties.

Consulting Services

During the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, the Company paid an affiliate of a board member ~~$15,000~~$9,000 and $18,000, respectively, for consulting services unrelated to his duty as a board member. During the three months ended ~~October~~July 31,

2021 and 2020, ~~and 2019,~~ the Company paid an affiliate of another board member ~~$3,900~~$2,974 and ~~$14,000, respectively, for consulting services unrelated to their duties as a board member.~~

During the six months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company paid an affiliate of a board member $33,000 and $36,000 for consulting services unrelated to his duty as a board member. During the six months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company paid an affiliate of another board member $9,500 and $29,000,$5,606, respectively, for consulting services unrelated to their duties as a board member. As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020, $4,000~~2021, $4,400 was due to these related parties.

Note 9. Commitments and Contingencies

~~Risks and uncertainties related to Covid-19~~

In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus, COVID-19, was first identified in Wuhan, China. This virus continues to spread globally and, as of December 2020, has spread to over 200 countries, including the United States. The spread of COVID-19 from China to other countries has resulted in the World Health Organization declaring the outbreak of COVID-19 as a “pandemic,” or a worldwide spread of a new disease, on March 11, 2020. Many countries around the world have imposed quarantines and restrictions on travel and mass gatherings to slow the spread of the virus. Employers are also required to increase, as much as possible, the capacity and arrangement for employees to work remotely. In addition, on March 11, 2020, the President of the United States issued a proclamation to restrict travel to the United States from foreign nationals who have recently been in certain European and Latin American countries. Although, to date, these restrictions have not impacted our operations, the effect on our business, from the spread of COVID-19 and the actions implemented by the governments of the United States and elsewhere across the globe, may worsen over time. We continue to monitor our operations and applicable government recommendations and requirements.

Any outbreak of contagious diseases, or other adverse public health developments, could have a material and adverse effect on our business operations. These could include disruptions or restrictions on our ability to travel, pursue partnerships and other business transactions, receive shipments of biologic materials, as well as be impacted by the temporary closure of the facilities of suppliers. The spread of an infectious disease, including COVID-19, may also result in the inability of our suppliers to deliver supplies to us on a timely basis. In addition, health professionals may reduce staffing and reduce or postpone meetings with clients in response to the spread of an infectious disease. Though we have not yet experienced such events, if they would occur, they could result in a period of business disruption, and in reduced operations, any of which could materially affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. However, as of the date of this Form 10-Q, we have not experienced a material adverse effect on our business nor the need for reduction in our work force; and, currently, and we do

not expect any material impact on our long-term activity. The extent to which COVID-19 impacts our business will depend on future developments which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including, but not limited to, new information which may emerge concerning the increased severity of COVID-19, the actions to contain COVID-19, or treat its impact.

Legal Matters

The Company is not currently party to any legal matters to its knowledge. The Company is not aware of any other matters that would have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Registration Payment Arrangements

The Company has entered into an Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement in connection with the March 2015 Private Placement. This Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement contains provisions that may call for the Company to pay penalties in certain circumstances. This registration payment arrangement primarily relates to the Company’s ability to file a registration statement within a particular time period, have a registration statement declared effective within a particular time period and to maintain the effectiveness of the registration statement for a particular time period. The Company has not accrued any liquidated damages associated with the Amended and Restated Registration Right Agreement as the Company has filed the required registration statement and anticipates continued compliance with the agreement.

Royalties

The Company contracts with third-party vendors to license tumor samples for development into PDX models and use in our TOS business. These types of arrangements have an upfront fee ranging from nil to $10,000 per tumor sample depending on the successful growth of the tumor model and ability to develop them into a sellable product. The upfront costs are expensed as incurred. In addition, under certain agreements, for a limited period of time, the Company is subject to royalty payments if the licensed tumor models are used for sale in our TOS business, ranging from 2% to 12.5% of the contract price after recouping certain initiation costs. Some of these arrangements also set forth an annual minimum royalty due regardless of tumor models used for sale. For the quarter ended July 31, 2021 and the year ended April 30, 2021, we have paid or accrued approximately $44,000 and $127,000 related to these royalty arrangements, respectively.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion of our historical results of operations and our liquidity and capital resources should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes that appear elsewhere in this report and our most recent annual report for the year ended April 30, ~~2020,~~2021, as filed on Form 10-K.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains certain “forward-looking statements,” which include information relating to future events, future financial performance, strategies, expectations, competitive environment, regulation, and availability of resources. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements regarding: proposed new programs; expectations that regulatory developments or other matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or liquidity; statements concerning projections, predictions, expectations, estimates, or forecasts as to our business, financial and operational results, and future economic performance; and statements of management’s goals and objectives and other similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts. Words such as “may,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “future,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates” and similar expressions, as well as statements in future tense, identify forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements should not be read as a guarantee of future performance or results and will not necessarily be accurate indications of the times at, or by, which such performance or results will be achieved. Forward-looking statements are based on information available at the time those statements are made or management’s good faith belief as of that time with respect to future events, and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual performance or results to differ materially from those expressed in or suggested by the forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date the statements are made. Factors that could cause actual results to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those described in “Risk Factors”

in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, ~~2020,~~2021, as updated in our subsequent reports filed with the SEC, including any updates found in Part II, Item 1A of this or other reports on Form 10-Q, if any. You should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. We assume no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions, or changes in other factors affecting forward-looking information, except to the extent required by applicable securities laws. If we do update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be drawn that we will make additional updates with respect to those or other forward-looking statements.

Overview and Recent Developments

We are engaged in ~~the development and sale of advanced~~creating transformative technology solutions to be utilized in oncology drug discovery and ~~products to personalize the development and use~~development. Our research center consists of ~~oncology drugs. Utilizing our TumorGraft Technology Platform (the "Platform"),~~ a comprehensive ~~Bank~~set of ~~unique, well characterized PDX models,~~computational and experimental research platforms. Our pharmacology, biomarker, and data platforms are designed to facilitate drug discovery and development at lower costs and increased speeds. We perform studies which we ~~provide select services to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies seeking personalized approaches to drug development. By performing studies to~~believe may predict the efficacy of experimental oncology drugs ~~our Platform facilitates drug discovery~~or approved drugs as stand-alone therapies or in combination with ~~lower costs~~other drugs and ~~increased speed of drug development as well as increased adoption of existing drugs.~~

~~Our Platform provides a novel approach to simulating~~can stimulate the results of human clinical ~~trials used~~trials. These studies include in ~~developing oncology drugs. We believe it costs up to $100,000 per patient~~vivo studies that rely on implanting multiple tumors from our TumorBank in ~~oncology clinical trials~~mice and testing the ~~typical cost for each phase~~therapy of ~~development per year increases from approximately $3 million~~interest on these tumors. Studies may also include bioinformatics analysis that reveal the differences in the ~~pre-clinical setting~~genetic signatures of the tumors that responded to ~~approximately $150 million~~a therapy as compared to the tumors that did not respond. Additionally, we provide computational or experimental support to identify novel therapeutic targets, select appropriate patient populations for clinical evaluation, identify potential therapeutic combination strategies, and develop biomarker hypothesis of sensitivity or resistance. These studies include the use of our in vivo, ex vivo, analytical and computational platforms.

As part of our growth strategy, we launched Lumin Bioinformatics ("Lumin"), a new oncology data-driven software program, during fiscal 2021. Our Lumin software contains comprehensive information derived from our research services and clinical studies. Lumin leverages Champions’ large Datacenter coupled with analytics and artificial intelligence to provide a robust tool for computational cancer research. Insights developed using Lumin can provide the basis for biomarker hypotheses, reveal potential mechanisms of therapeutic resistance, and guide the direction of additional preclinical evaluations.

~~phase III clinical trials. Simulating trials before executing them provides benefits~~

Our drug discovery and development business leverages the computational and experimental capabilities within our platforms. Our discovery strategy utilizes our rich and unique Datacenter, coupled with artificial intelligence and other advanced computational analytics, to ~~both pharmaceutical companies and patients. Pharmaceutical companies can lower~~identify novel therapeutic targets. We employ the ~~risk~~use of ~~spending resources on drugs that do not show significant anti-cancer activities and increase the chance that the clinical~~our proprietary experimental platforms to rapidly validate these targets for further drug development ~~path they pursue will be focused on an appropriate patient population and a successful combination with other drugs.~~

efforts.

We plan to continue our efforts to expand our TumorGraft Technology Platform in order to expand our TOS program. We have previously disclosed that our POS program would not be the focus of our growth moving forward and this plan remains unchanged.

In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus, COVID-19, was first identified in Wuhan, China. This virus continues to spread globally and, as of December 2020, has spread to over 200 countries, including the United States. The spread of COVID-19 from China to other countries has resulted in the World Health Organization declaring the outbreak of COVID-19 as a “pandemic,” or a worldwide spread of a new disease, on March 11, 2020. Many countries around the world imposed quarantines and restrictions on travel and mass gatherings to slow the spread of the virus. Employers are also required to increase, as much as possible, the capacity and arrangement for employees to work remotely. In addition, on March 11, 2020, the President of the United States issued a proclamation to restrict travel to the United States from foreign nationals who have recently been in certain European and Latin American countries. Although, to date, these restrictions have not impacted our operations, the effect on our business, from the spread of COVID-19 and the actions implemented by the governments of the United States and elsewhere across the globe, may worsen over time. We continue to monitor our operations and applicable government recommendations and requirements.

~~Any outbreak of contagious diseases, or other adverse public health developments, could~~ have a ~~material~~rich pipeline of targets at various stages of discovery and ~~adverse effect on our~~validation, with a select group that has progressed to therapeutic development. Our commercial strategy for the validated targets and therapeutics established from this business ~~operations. These could include disruptions or restrictions on our ability to travel, pursue partnerships~~is wide-ranging and other business transactions, receive shipments of biologic materials, as well as be impacted by the temporary closure of the facilities of suppliers. The spread of an infectious disease, including COVID-19, may also result in the inability of our suppliers to deliver supplies to us on a timely basis. In addition, health professionals may reduce staffing and reduce or postpone meetings with clients in response to the spread of an infectious disease. Though we have not yet experienced such events, if they would occur, they could result in a period of business disruption, and in reduced operations, any of which could materially affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. However, as of the date of this Form 10-Q, we have not experienced a material adverse effect on our business nor the need for reduction in our work force; and, currently, and we do not expect any material impact on our long-term activity. The extent to which COVID-19 impacts our businessstill being developed. It will depend on ~~future developments which are highly uncertain~~many factors, and ~~cannot~~will be ~~predicted, including, but not limited to, new information which may emerge concerning the increased severity of COVID-19, the actions to contain COVID-19,~~specific for each target or ~~treat its impact.~~

therapeutic area identified.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our liquidity needs have typically arisen from the funding of our research and development programs and the launch of new products, working capital requirements, and other strategic initiatives. In the past, we have met these cash requirements through cash, working capital management, proceeds from certain private placements and public offerings of our securities, and sales of products and services. For the ~~six~~three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company had a net ~~income~~loss of approximately ~~$76,000~~$172,000 and cash provided by operations of ~~$164,000.~~$216,000. As of ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company had an accumulated deficit of approximately ~~$72.6~~$72.7 million, working capital of ~~$2.2 million,~~$919,000, and cash of ~~$8.6~~$4.0 million. We believe that our cash on hand, together with expected positive cash flows from operations for fiscal year ~~2021,~~2022, are adequate to fund operations through at least 12 months from the filing of this 10-Q. However, should our revenue expectations not materialize, we believe we have cost reduction strategies that could be implemented without disrupting the business or restructuring the Company. Should the Company be required to raise additional capital, there can be no assurance that management would be successful in raising such capital on terms acceptable to us, if at all.

Operating Results

The following table summarizes our operating results for the periods presented below (dollars in thousands):

2119


		For the Three Months Ended October 31,											For the Three Months Ended July 31,
		2020		% of Revenue		2019		% of Revenue		% Change			2021		% of Revenue		2020		% of Revenue		% Change

Oncology services revenue	Oncology services revenue	$	10,117	100.0	%	$	7,625	100.0	%	32.7	%	Oncology services revenue	$	11,253	100.0	%	$	9,547	100.0	%	17.9	%

Costs and operating expenses:	Costs and operating expenses:											Costs and operating expenses:
Cost of oncology services	Cost of oncology services	5,644		55.8		3,881		50.9		45.4		Cost of oncology services	5,396		48.0		5,336		55.9		1.1
Research and development	Research and development	1,650		16.3		1,341		17.6		23.0		Research and development	2,304		20.5		1,597		16.7		44.3
Sales and marketing	Sales and marketing	1,348		13.3		977		12.8		38.0		Sales and marketing	1,574		14.0		1,208		12.7		30.3
General and administrative	General and administrative	1,468		14.5		1,135		14.9		29.3		General and administrative	2,154		19.1		1,382		14.5		55.9

Total costs and operating expenses	Total costs and operating expenses	10,110		99.9		7,334		96.2		37.9		Total costs and operating expenses	11,428		101.6		9,523		99.8		20.0
Income from operations		$	7	0.1	%	$	291	3.8	%	97.6	%
Income (loss) from operations												Income (loss) from operations	$	(175)	(1.6)	%	$	24	0.3	%	(829.2)	%

For the Six months ended October 31,
2020 % of
Revenue 2019 % of
Revenue
%
Change

Oncology services revenue $ 19,664 100.0 % $ 14,362 100.0 % 36.9 %
Costs and operating expenses:
Cost of oncology services 10,980 55.8 7,633 53.1 43.8
Research and development 3,247 16.5 2,644 18.4 22.8
Sales and marketing 2,556 13.0 1,847 12.9 38.4
General and administrative 2,850 14.5 2,561 17.8 11.3
Total costs and operating expenses 19,633 99.8 14,685 102.2 33.7
Income (loss) from operations $ 31 0.2 $ (323) (2.2) % (109.6) %

Oncology Services Revenue

Oncology services revenue, which is primarily derived from pharmacology studies, was ~~$10.1~~$11.3 million and ~~$7.6~~$9.5 million for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, respectively, an increase of ~~$2.5~~$1.7 million or ~~32.7%. Oncology services revenue was $19.7 million and $14.4 million for the six months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, an increase of $5.3 million or 36.9%~~17.9%. The increase in revenue ~~for both the three and six month periods~~ is due to increased sales, both in number and size of studies, and the expansion of both our platform and product lines. Additionally, customers are seeking more complex study designs and end point analysis testing, leading to larger contracts, ~~which contributed~~contributing to revenue growth.

Cost of Oncology Services

Cost of oncology services for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2021 and 2020 ~~and 2019~~ were ~~$5.6~~$5.4 million and ~~$3.9~~$5.3 million, respectively, an increase of ~~$1.8 million~~$60,000 or ~~45.4%~~1.1%. For the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, ~~2020~~2021 and ~~2019,~~2020, gross margins were ~~44.2%~~52.0% and 49.1%, respectively. Cost of oncology services for the six months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019 were $11.0 million and $7.6 million, respectively, an increase of $3.3 million or 43.8%. For the six months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019, gross margins were 44.2% and 46.9%44.1%, respectively. The ~~increase~~improvement in ~~cost of oncology services for the three and six month periods~~gross margin was ~~mainly~~primarily due to anthe reduction in outsourced lab work. Performing the work internally offset the increase in compensation and lab supply and outsourced lab service expenses. With the exception of outsourced lab services, the overall expense increase is generally in line with the expected contribution based on the growth in revenue, study volume, and expansion into new services. Gross margin varies based on timing differences between expense and revenue recognition and was driven lower byexpenses resulting from the increase in ~~costs on growing~~ study ~~volume in advance of revenue recognition. The cost of outsourced lab services amplified this impact.~~volume.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2021 and 2020 ~~and 2019~~ were ~~$1.7~~$2.3 million and ~~$1.3~~$1.6 million, respectively, an increase of approximately ~~$308,000~~$707,000 or ~~23.0%. Research and development expenses for the six months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019 were $3.2 million and $2.6 million, respectively, an increase of approximately $603,000 or 22.8%~~44.3%. The increase for the three ~~and six~~ month ~~periods is~~period was mainly due to increased compensation and lab supply expense ~~as we continued~~related to ~~develop new service capabilities and endpoint testing analysis. Additionally, we incurred sequencing costs as~~ our increased investment in ~~characterizing~~ our ~~TumorBank continues, adding valuable data to our~~therapeutic discovery platform.

Sales and Marketing

Sales and marketing expenses for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2021 and 2020 ~~and 2019~~ were ~~$1.3~~$1.6 million and ~~$977,000, respectively, an increase of $371,000, or 38.0%. Sales and marketing expenses for the six months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019 were $2.6 million and $1.8~~$1.2 million, respectively, an increase of ~~$709,000,~~$366,000, or ~~38.4%~~30.3%. The increase for the three ~~and six~~ month ~~periods~~period is mainly due to compensation expense driven by the continued ~~investment in expanding~~expansion of our research services business development team and the addition of a Software as a Service ("SaaS") business development team.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses for the three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2021 and 2020 ~~and 2019~~ were ~~$1.5~~$2.2 million and ~~$1.1~~$1.4 million, an increase of ~~$333,000,~~$772,000, or ~~29.3%. General and administrative expenses for the six months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019 were $2.9 million and $2.6 million, respectively, an increase of $289,000, or 11.3%~~55.9%. General and administrative expenses are primarily comprised of compensation, insurance, ~~accounting~~professional fees, IT, and depreciation and amortization expenses and have increased to support the overall infrastructure growth of the company.

Inflation

Inflation does not have a meaningful impact on the results of our operations.

Cash Flows

The following discussion relates to the major components of our cash flows:

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was ~~$164,000 and $81,000~~$216,000 compared to net cash used in operations of $715,000 for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2021 and 2020, ~~and 2019.~~

respectively. The ~~increase in~~ cash generated from operating activities during the current period was primarily due to ~~changes in current balance sheet accounts in the ordinary course of business, including an increase in net accounts receivable offset by an increase in accounts payable~~operating income excluding stock compensation, depreciation and ~~accrued liabilities.~~amortization expenses.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was ~~$1.1 million~~$907,000 and ~~$522,000~~$626,000 for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2021 and 2020, ~~and 2019,~~ respectively. ~~Cash~~The cash used in investing activities was primarily ~~related to~~for the ~~purchase of~~investment in additional lab equipment and ~~the development of~~ software ~~required for the Company's new products and services.~~development.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was ~~$1.2 million~~$2,000 for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~October~~July 31, 2021 compared to cash used by financing activities $58,000 for the three months ended July 31, 2020, ~~compared to the net cash~~respectively. Cash used ~~in financing activities of $12,000~~ for the ~~six~~three months ~~ended October~~ending July 31, ~~2019, respectively. Cash provided in~~2020 was to apply payment for a financing ~~activities resulted from an increase in option exercises during the current period.~~lease.

Critical Accounting Estimates and Policies

The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to apply methodologies and make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates of the Company include, among other things, accounts receivable realization, revenue recognition (replacement of licensed tumors), valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, valuation of goodwill, and stock compensation and warrant assumptions. Actual results could

differ from those estimates. The Company’s critical accounting policies are summarized in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on July ~~28, 2020.~~26, 2021.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

For detailed information regarding recently issued accounting pronouncements and the expected impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements, see Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies" in the accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Report on Form 10-Q.

Off-Balance Sheet Financing

We have no off-balance sheet debt or similar obligations. We have no transactions or obligations with related parties that are not disclosed, consolidated into or reflected in our reported results of operations or financial position. We do not guarantee any third-party debt.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Not applicable to smaller reporting companies.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

It is management’s responsibility to establish and maintain “disclosure controls and procedures” as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer have reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report. ~~Based~~In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only

reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the relationship between the benefit of desired controls and procedures and the cost of implementing new controls and procedures.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures may deteriorate.

A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on ~~that evaluation,~~a timely basis.

Management has assessed the effectiveness of our ~~management, including our Chief Executive Officer~~internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2021, and ~~our Chief Financial Officer, have~~ concluded that, due to the weakness we identified below, our disclosure controls and procedures ~~were effective~~are not effective.

Our risk assessment procedures over certain of our contractual arrangements requiring the payment of royalties for the licensing of technology from third-parties did not adequately identify the risks and consider the Company’s obligations based on the recognition of oncology services revenue. As a result, the Company had missing process level controls over the review of royalty arrangements and the timely determination and recognition of related liabilities.

Remediation Plan

The Company’s management had begun to design and implement certain measures to address the above-described material weakness and enhance the Company’s internal control in order to remediate this material weakness. As part of our remediation measures, the Company will implement plans to enhance the Company’s process and controls including ensuring adequate identification and review of royalty agreement terms and obligations which are still being formalized as of ~~October 31, 2020 at~~ the ~~reasonable assurance level~~date of this quarterly Form 10-Q.

Notwithstanding such material weakness in ~~ensuring~~internal control over financial reporting, our management concluded that ~~information required to be disclosed~~our consolidated financial statements in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q present fairly, in all material respects, the ~~reports that we file or submit under~~Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows as of the ~~Securities Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized~~dates, and ~~reported within~~for the ~~time~~ periods ~~specified~~presented, in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes, other than our remediation efforts discussed above, in our internal control over financial reporting in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

2422

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

None.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information required by this Item; however, the discussion of our business and operations should be read together with the Risk Factors set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July ~~28, 2020.~~26, 2021. Such risks and uncertainties have the potential to affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, strategies or prospects in a material and adverse manner.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

2523

Item 6. Exhibits


No.						Exhibit
31.1*						Section 302 Certification of Principal Executive Officer
31.2*						Section 302 Certification of Principal Financial Officer
32.1**						Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002


101.INS*						~~XBRL~~iXBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH*						~~XBRL~~iXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL*						~~XBRL~~iXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF*						~~XBRL~~iXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB*						~~XBRL~~iXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE*						~~XBRL~~iXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

* filed herewith

** furnished herewith

2624

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


	CHAMPIONS ONCOLOGY, INC.
	(Registrant)

Date: ~~December 14, 2020~~September 13, 2021	By:	/s/ Ronnie Morris
		Ronnie Morris
		Chief Executive Officer
		(principal executive officer)

Date: ~~December 14, 2020~~September 13, 2021	By:	/s/ David Miller
		David Miller
		Chief Financial Officer
		(principal financial and accounting officer)

2725


	October 31,
	2020	2019
Stock options	1,651,478	2,453,874
Warrants	0	1,669,773

Total common stock equivalents	1,651,478	4,123,647


Remainder of 2021	$	850
2022	1,851
2023	1,818
2024	1,844
2025	1,867
Thereafter	7,268
Total	$	15,498


	For the Six months ended October 31,
	2020		% of Revenue		2019		% of Revenue		% Change

Oncology services revenue	$	19,664	100.0	%	$	14,362	100.0	%	36.9	%

Costs and operating expenses:
Cost of oncology services	10,980		55.8		7,633		53.1		43.8
Research and development	3,247		16.5		2,644		18.4		22.8
Sales and marketing	2,556		13.0		1,847		12.9		38.4
General and administrative	2,850		14.5		2,561		17.8		11.3

Total costs and operating expenses	19,633		99.8		14,685		102.2		33.7
Income (loss) from operations	$	31	0.2		$	(323)	(2.2)	%	(109.6)	%