UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended SeptemberJune 30, 20212022
or
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ________ to ________
Commission file number 1-10890
HORACE MANN EDUCATORS CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware | 37-0911756 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
1 Horace Mann Plaza, Springfield, Illinois 62715-0001
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 217-789-2500
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: |
Title of each class | | Trading Symbol(s) | | Name of each exchange on which registered |
Common Stock, $0.001 par value | | HMN | | New York Stock Exchange |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
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Large accelerated filer | ☑ | | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | | Smaller reporting company | ☐ |
| | | Emerging growth company | ☐ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.). Yes ☐ No ☑
As of OctoberJuly 31, 2021,2022, the registrant had 41,487,55040,897,461 common shares, $0.001 par value, outstanding.
HORACE MANN EDUCATORS CORPORATION
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBERJUNE 30, 20212022
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. I Consolidated Financial Statements
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and Board of Directors
Horace Mann Educators Corporation:
Results of Review of Interim Financial Information
We have reviewed the consolidated balance sheetsheets of Horace Mann Educators Corporation and subsidiaries (the Company) as of SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss) and changes in shareholders' equity for the three-monththree and nine-monthsix-month periods ended SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and 2020,2021, and cash flows for the nine-month periodsix-month periods ended SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and 2020,2021, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated interim financial information). Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the consolidated interim financial information for it to be in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheetsheets of the Company as of December 31, 2020,2021, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated February 26, 2021,25, 2022, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020,2021, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.
Basis for Review Results
This consolidated interim financial information is the responsibility of the Company’s management. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our reviews in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. A review of consolidated interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.
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/s/ KPMG LLP |
KPMG LLP |
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Chicago, Illinois | |
November 5, 2021August 8, 2022 | |
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 1 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
HORACE MANN EDUCATORS CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
($ in millions, except share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2021 | | December 31, 2020 |
| | (Unaudited) | | |
Assets | | | | |
Investments | | | | |
Fixed maturity securities, available for sale, at fair value (amortized cost, net 2021, $6,045.6; 2020, $5,788.6) | | $ | 6,512.0 | | | $ | 6,345.3 | |
Equity securities at fair value | | 152.3 | | | 121.6 | |
Limited partnership interests | | 615.4 | | | 449.0 | |
Short-term and other investments | | 251.6 | | | 346.3 | |
Total investments | | 7,531.3 | | | 7,262.2 | |
Cash | | 40.2 | | | 22.3 | |
Deferred policy acquisition costs | | 244.7 | | | 229.8 | |
Deposit asset on reinsurance | | 2,477.9 | | | 2,420.9 | |
Intangible assets | | 148.7 | | | 158.5 | |
Goodwill | | 43.5 | | | 43.5 | |
Other assets | | 451.9 | | | 443.2 | |
Separate Account (variable annuity) assets | | 3,326.8 | | | 2,891.4 | |
Total assets | | $ | 14,265.0 | | | $ | 13,471.8 | |
| | | | |
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity | | | | |
Policy liabilities | | | | |
Investment contract and policy reserves | | $ | 6,569.0 | | | $ | 6,445.3 | |
Unpaid claims and claim expenses | | 440.1 | | | 438.8 | |
Unearned premiums | | 261.4 | | | 264.5 | |
Total policy liabilities | | 7,270.5 | | | 7,148.6 | |
Other policyholder funds | | 994.3 | | | 751.3 | |
Other liabilities | | 488.4 | | | 453.1 | |
Short-term debt | | 135.0 | | | 135.0 | |
Long-term debt | | 253.6 | | | 302.3 | |
Separate Account (variable annuity) liabilities | | 3,326.8 | | | 2,891.4 | |
Total liabilities | | 12,468.6 | | | 11,681.7 | |
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, authorized 1,000,000 shares; none issued | | — | | | — | |
Common stock, $0.001 par value, authorized 75,000,000 shares; issued, 2021, 66,434,551; 2020, 66,316,797 | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | 492.9 | | | 488.4 | |
Retained earnings | | 1,497.5 | | | 1,434.6 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | | | | |
Net unrealized investment gains on fixed maturity securities | | 306.9 | | | 366.3 | |
Net funded status of benefit plans | | (11.2) | | | (11.2) | |
Treasury stock, at cost, 2021, 24,947,264 shares; 2020, 24,902,579 shares | | (489.8) | | | (488.1) | |
Total shareholders’ equity | | 1,796.4 | | | 1,790.1 | |
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | | $ | 14,265.0 | | | $ | 13,471.8 | |
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| | June 30, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
| | (Unaudited) | | |
Assets | | | | |
Investments | | | | |
Fixed maturity securities, available for sale, at fair value (amortized cost, net 2022, $6,046.5; 2021, $5,797.7) | | $ | 5,688.0 | | | $ | 6,239.3 | |
Equity securities at fair value | | 117.3 | | | 147.2 | |
Limited partnership interests | | 828.4 | | | 712.8 | |
Short-term and other investments | | 302.7 | | | 350.2 | |
Total investments | | 6,936.4 | | | 7,449.5 | |
Cash | | 50.1 | | | 133.7 | |
Deferred policy acquisition costs | | 389.9 | | | 248.0 | |
Reinsurance balances receivable | | 497.6 | | | 153.2 | |
Deposit asset on reinsurance | | 2,507.1 | | | 2,481.5 | |
Intangible assets | | 196.4 | | | 145.4 | |
Goodwill | | 56.3 | | | 43.5 | |
Other assets | | 313.5 | | | 288.1 | |
Separate Account (variable annuity) assets | | 2,811.2 | | | 3,441.0 | |
Total assets | | $ | 13,758.5 | | | $ | 14,383.9 | |
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Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity | | | | |
Policy liabilities | | | | |
Investment contract and policy reserves | | $ | 7,053.8 | | | $ | 6,577.8 | |
Unpaid claims and claim expenses | | 490.5 | | | 425.9 | |
Unearned premiums | | 252.6 | | | 255.1 | |
Total policy liabilities | | 7,796.9 | | | 7,258.8 | |
Other policyholder funds | | 1,027.6 | | | 945.9 | |
Other liabilities | | 364.9 | | | 428.2 | |
Short-term debt | | 249.0 | | | 249.0 | |
Long-term debt | | 248.8 | | | 253.6 | |
Separate Account (variable annuity) liabilities | | 2,811.2 | | | 3,441.0 | |
Total liabilities | | 12,498.4 | | | 12,576.5 | |
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, authorized 1,000,000 shares; none issued | | — | | | — | |
Common stock, $0.001 par value, authorized 75,000,000 shares; issued, 2022, 66,608,045; 2021, 66,436,821 | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | 498.1 | | | 495.3 | |
Retained earnings | | 1,499.9 | | | 1,524.9 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax: | | | | |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities | | (220.4) | | | 290.7 | |
Net funded status of benefit plans | | (10.2) | | | (10.2) | |
Treasury stock, at cost, 2022, 25,418,708 shares; 2021, 25,043,337 shares | | (507.4) | | | (493.4) | |
Total shareholders’ equity | | 1,260.1 | | | 1,807.4 | |
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | | $ | 13,758.5 | | | $ | 14,383.9 | |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 2 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
HORACE MANN EDUCATORS CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) INCOME (UNAUDITED)
($ in millions, except per share data)
| | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Statements of Operations | Statements of Operations | | | | | | | | | Statements of Operations | | | | | | | | |
Revenues | Revenues | | | | | | Revenues | | | | | |
Premiums and contract charges earned | | $ | 225.4 | | | $ | 235.3 | | | $ | 678.8 | | | $ | 697.0 | | |
Net premiums and contract charges earned | | Net premiums and contract charges earned | | $ | 255.8 | | | $ | 225.8 | | | $ | 511.7 | | | $ | 453.4 | |
Net investment income | Net investment income | | 103.7 | | | 93.7 | | | 308.4 | | | 256.4 | | Net investment income | | 105.2 | | | 109.2 | | | 203.1 | | | 204.7 | |
Net investment (losses) gains | | (6.5) | | | 2.5 | | | (10.6) | | | (12.8) | | |
Net investment gains (losses) | | Net investment gains (losses) | | (15.5) | | | 4.9 | | | (31.0) | | | (4.1) | |
Other income | Other income | | 7.0 | | | 5.6 | | | 22.1 | | | 17.5 | | Other income | | 0.8 | | | 7.2 | | | 9.3 | | | 15.1 | |
| Total revenues | Total revenues | | 329.6 | | | 337.1 | | | 998.7 | | | 958.1 | | Total revenues | | 346.3 | | | 347.1 | | | 693.1 | | | 669.1 | |
| Benefits, losses and expenses | Benefits, losses and expenses | | Benefits, losses and expenses | |
Benefits, claims and settlement expenses | Benefits, claims and settlement expenses | | 164.8 | | | 151.4 | | | 446.2 | | | 433.1 | | Benefits, claims and settlement expenses | | 207.6 | | | 147.1 | | | 384.6 | | | 281.4 | |
Interest credited | Interest credited | | 51.9 | | | 51.1 | | | 153.7 | | | 153.3 | | Interest credited | | 42.4 | | | 51.2 | | | 83.2 | | | 101.8 | |
Operating expenses | Operating expenses | | 64.3 | | | 57.9 | | | 182.8 | | | 173.1 | | Operating expenses | | 77.3 | | | 60.5 | | | 154.1 | | | 118.5 | |
DAC unlocking and amortization expense | DAC unlocking and amortization expense | | 22.9 | | | 24.6 | | | 70.5 | | | 75.0 | | DAC unlocking and amortization expense | | 27.0 | | | 23.5 | | | 53.4 | | | 47.6 | |
Intangible asset amortization expense | Intangible asset amortization expense | | 3.3 | | | 3.5 | | | 9.8 | | | 10.9 | | Intangible asset amortization expense | | 4.2 | | | 3.2 | | | 8.4 | | | 6.5 | |
Interest expense | Interest expense | | 3.4 | | | 3.5 | | | 10.4 | | | 11.7 | | Interest expense | | 4.3 | | | 3.5 | | | 8.2 | | | 7.0 | |
| | Total benefits, losses and expenses | Total benefits, losses and expenses | | 310.6 | | | 292.0 | | | 873.4 | | | 857.1 | | Total benefits, losses and expenses | | 362.8 | | | 289.0 | | | 691.9 | | | 562.8 | |
| Income before income taxes | | 19.0 | | | 45.1 | | | 125.3 | | | 101.0 | | |
Income tax expense | | 2.7 | | | 8.6 | | | 23.0 | | | 15.5 | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | Income (loss) before income taxes | | (16.5) | | | 58.1 | | | 1.2 | | | 106.3 | |
Income tax expense (benefit) | | Income tax expense (benefit) | | (4.0) | | | 11.4 | | | (0.8) | | | 20.3 | |
| Net income | | $ | 16.3 | | | $ | 36.5 | | | $ | 102.3 | | | $ | 85.5 | | |
Net income (loss) | | Net income (loss) | | $ | (12.5) | | | $ | 46.7 | | | $ | 2.0 | | | $ | 86.0 | |
| Net income per share | | |
Net income (loss) per share | | Net income (loss) per share | |
Basic | Basic | | $ | 0.39 | | | $ | 0.87 | | | $ | 2.44 | | | $ | 2.04 | | Basic | | $ | (0.30) | | | $ | 1.11 | | | $ | 0.05 | | | $ | 2.05 | |
Diluted | Diluted | | $ | 0.39 | | | $ | 0.87 | | | $ | 2.43 | | | $ | 2.03 | | Diluted | | $ | (0.30) | | | $ | 1.11 | | | $ | 0.05 | | | $ | 2.04 | |
| Weighted average number of shares and equivalent shares | Weighted average number of shares and equivalent shares | | Weighted average number of shares and equivalent shares | |
Basic | Basic | | 42.0 | | | 41.9 | | | 42.0 | | | 41.9 | | Basic | | 41.8 | | | 42.0 | | | 41.8 | | | 42.0 | |
Diluted | Diluted | | 42.2 | | | 42.1 | | | 42.2 | | | 42.0 | | Diluted | | 41.8 | | | 42.1 | | | 42.0 | | | 42.1 | |
| Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income | | |
Net income | | $ | 16.3 | | | $ | 36.5 | | | $ | 102.3 | | | $ | 85.5 | | |
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax: | | | | | | | | | |
Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) | | Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) | |
Net income (loss) | | Net income (loss) | | $ | (12.5) | | | $ | 46.7 | | | $ | 2.0 | | | $ | 86.0 | |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | | Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | | | | | | | | |
Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities | Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities | | (25.3) | | | 49.1 | | | (59.4) | | | 97.8 | | Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities | | (240.4) | | | 88.6 | | | (511.1) | | | (34.1) | |
Change in net funded status of benefit plans | Change in net funded status of benefit plans | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | Change in net funded status of benefit plans | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Other comprehensive (loss) income | | (25.3) | | | 49.1 | | | (59.4) | | | 97.8 | | |
Comprehensive (loss) income | | $ | (9.0) | | | $ | 85.6 | | | $ | 42.9 | | | $ | 183.3 | | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) | | Other comprehensive income (loss) | | (240.4) | | | 88.6 | | | (511.1) | | | (34.1) | |
Comprehensive income (loss) | | Comprehensive income (loss) | | $ | (252.9) | | | $ | 135.3 | | | $ | (509.1) | | | $ | 51.9 | |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 3 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
HORACE MANN EDUCATORS CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
($ in millions, except per share data)
| | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Common stock, $0.001 par value | Common stock, $0.001 par value | | | | | | | | | Common stock, $0.001 par value | | | | | | | | |
Beginning balance | Beginning balance | | $ | 0.1 | | | $ | 0.1 | | | $ | 0.1 | | | $ | 0.1 | | Beginning balance | | $ | 0.1 | | | $ | 0.1 | | | $ | 0.1 | | | $ | 0.1 | |
Options exercised | Options exercised | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | Options exercised | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Conversion of common stock units | Conversion of common stock units | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | Conversion of common stock units | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Conversion of restricted stock units | Conversion of restricted stock units | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | Conversion of restricted stock units | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Ending balance | Ending balance | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | | Ending balance | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | |
| Additional paid-in capital | Additional paid-in capital | | Additional paid-in capital | |
Beginning balance | Beginning balance | | 490.7 | | | 483.8 | | | 488.4 | | | 481.0 | | Beginning balance | | 496.6 | | | 489.2 | | | 495.3 | | | 488.4 | |
Options exercised and conversion of common stock units and restricted stock units | Options exercised and conversion of common stock units and restricted stock units | | 0.2 | | | 1.3 | | | (1.0) | | | 1.6 | | Options exercised and conversion of common stock units and restricted stock units | | (0.7) | | | — | | | (1.2) | | | (1.2) | |
Share-based compensation expense | Share-based compensation expense | | 2.0 | | | 1.7 | | | 5.5 | | | 4.2 | | Share-based compensation expense | | 2.2 | | | 1.5 | | | 4.0 | | | 3.5 | |
Ending balance | Ending balance | | 492.9 | | | 486.8 | | | 492.9 | | | 486.8 | | Ending balance | | 498.1 | | | 490.7 | | | 498.1 | | | 490.7 | |
| Retained earnings | Retained earnings | | Retained earnings | |
Beginning balance | Beginning balance | | 1,494.4 | | | 1,375.7 | | | 1,434.6 | | | 1,352.5 | | Beginning balance | | 1,525.9 | | | 1,460.8 | | | 1,524.9 | | | 1,434.6 | |
Net income | | 16.3 | | | 36.5 | | | 102.3 | | | 85.5 | | |
Dividends, 2021, $0.31, $0.93 per share; 2020, $0.30, $0.90 per share | | (13.2) | | | (12.7) | | | (39.4) | | | (38.0) | | |
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (0.5) | | |
Net income (loss) | | Net income (loss) | | (12.5) | | | 46.7 | | | 2.0 | | | 86.0 | |
Dividends, 2022, $0.32 per share; 2021, $0.31 per share | | Dividends, 2022, $0.32 per share; 2021, $0.31 per share | | (13.5) | | | (13.1) | | | (27.0) | | | (26.2) | |
| Ending balance | Ending balance | | 1,497.5 | | | 1,399.5 | | | 1,497.5 | | | 1,399.5 | | Ending balance | | 1,499.9 | | | 1,494.4 | | | 1,499.9 | | | 1,494.4 | |
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | |
Beginning balance | Beginning balance | | 321.0 | | | 268.4 | | | 355.1 | | | 219.7 | | Beginning balance | | 9.8 | | | 232.4 | | | 280.5 | | | 355.1 | |
Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities | Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities | | (25.3) | | | 49.1 | | | (59.4) | | | 97.8 | | Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities | | (240.4) | | | 88.6 | | | (511.1) | | | (34.1) | |
Change in net funded status of benefit plans | Change in net funded status of benefit plans | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | Change in net funded status of benefit plans | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Ending balance | Ending balance | | 295.7 | | | 317.5 | | | 295.7 | | | 317.5 | | Ending balance | | (230.6) | | | 321.0 | | | (230.6) | | | 321.0 | |
| Treasury stock, at cost | Treasury stock, at cost | | Treasury stock, at cost | |
Beginning balance | Beginning balance | | (489.6) | | | (488.1) | | | (488.1) | | | (485.9) | | Beginning balance | | (495.6) | | | (489.6) | | | (493.4) | | | (488.1) | |
Acquisition of shares | Acquisition of shares | | (0.2) | | | — | | | (1.7) | | | (2.2) | | Acquisition of shares | | (11.8) | | | — | | | (14.0) | | | (1.5) | |
Ending balance | Ending balance | | (489.8) | | | (488.1) | | | (489.8) | | | (488.1) | | Ending balance | | (507.4) | | | (489.6) | | | (507.4) | | | (489.6) | |
Shareholders' equity at end of period | Shareholders' equity at end of period | | $ | 1,796.4 | | | $ | 1,715.8 | | | $ | 1,796.4 | | | $ | 1,715.8 | | Shareholders' equity at end of period | | $ | 1,260.1 | | | $ | 1,816.6 | | | $ | 1,260.1 | | | $ | 1,816.6 | |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 4 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
HORACE MANN EDUCATORS CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
($ in millions)
| | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Cash flows - operating activities | Cash flows - operating activities | | | | | Cash flows - operating activities | | | | |
Net income | Net income | | $ | 102.3 | | | $ | 85.5 | | Net income | | $ | 2.0 | | | $ | 86.0 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | | Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |
Net investment losses | Net investment losses | | 10.6 | | | 12.8 | | Net investment losses | | 31.0 | | | 4.1 | |
Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on fixed maturity securities, net | | 3.3 | | | 4.9 | | |
Depreciation and intangible asset amortization | Depreciation and intangible asset amortization | | 16.7 | | | 17.5 | | Depreciation and intangible asset amortization | | 7.9 | | | 11.1 | |
Share-based compensation expense | Share-based compensation expense | | 6.0 | | | 4.6 | | Share-based compensation expense | | 4.4 | | | 3.8 | |
Income from equity method investments, net of dividends or distributions | | Income from equity method investments, net of dividends or distributions | | (3.8) | | | (24.6) | |
| Changes in: | Changes in: | | Changes in: | |
Accrued investment income | Accrued investment income | | (8.1) | | | (5.5) | | Accrued investment income | | (4.6) | | | (3.3) | |
Insurance liabilities | Insurance liabilities | | 75.1 | | | 97.9 | | Insurance liabilities | | 411.8 | | | 35.6 | |
Premium receivables | | (3.4) | | | 4.1 | | |
Deferred policy acquisition costs | | (0.1) | | | (2.5) | | |
Reinsurance recoverables | | (1.6) | | | 3.3 | | |
Amounts due under reinsurance agreements | | Amounts due under reinsurance agreements | | (344.3) | | | (1.3) | |
Income tax liabilities | Income tax liabilities | | 2.3 | | | (3.4) | | Income tax liabilities | | (6.3) | | | 6.5 | |
Other operating assets and liabilities | Other operating assets and liabilities | | 2.5 | | | 44.3 | | Other operating assets and liabilities | | (21.2) | | | (5.8) | |
Other | Other | | (27.5) | | | 4.3 | | Other | | 3.1 | | | 4.5 | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | Net cash provided by operating activities | | 178.1 | | | 267.8 | | Net cash provided by operating activities | | 80.0 | | | 116.6 | |
Cash flows - investing activities | Cash flows - investing activities | | | | | Cash flows - investing activities | | | | |
Fixed maturity securities | Fixed maturity securities | | | | | Fixed maturity securities | | | | |
Purchases | Purchases | | (1,228.1) | | | (1,093.9) | | Purchases | | (784.6) | | | (872.3) | |
Sales | Sales | | 319.2 | | | 352.8 | | Sales | | 365.3 | | | 163.8 | |
Maturities, paydowns, calls and redemptions | Maturities, paydowns, calls and redemptions | | 631.5 | | | 525.3 | | Maturities, paydowns, calls and redemptions | | 346.8 | | | 443.7 | |
Equity securities | Equity securities | | Equity securities | |
Purchases | Purchases | | (45.0) | | | (23.2) | | Purchases | | (4.3) | | | (36.1) | |
Sales and repayments | Sales and repayments | | 1.0 | | | 12.4 | | Sales and repayments | | 6.8 | | | 0.7 | |
Limited partnership interests | Limited partnership interests | | Limited partnership interests | |
Purchases | Purchases | | (202.1) | | | (59.9) | | Purchases | | (147.8) | | | (141.4) | |
Sales | Sales | | 69.4 | | | 14.6 | | Sales | | 36.4 | | | 41.2 | |
Change in short-term and other investments, net | Change in short-term and other investments, net | | 103.1 | | | (96.9) | | Change in short-term and other investments, net | | 49.7 | | | 57.3 | |
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired | | Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired | | (164.4) | | | — | |
Net cash used in investing activities | Net cash used in investing activities | | (351.0) | | | (368.8) | | Net cash used in investing activities | | (296.1) | | | (343.1) | |
Cash flows - financing activities | Cash flows - financing activities | | | | | Cash flows - financing activities | | | | |
Dividends paid to shareholders | Dividends paid to shareholders | | (38.6) | | | (37.2) | | Dividends paid to shareholders | | (26.4) | | | (25.7) | |
FHLB borrowings | FHLB borrowings | | 1.0 | | | 4.0 | | FHLB borrowings | | — | | | 1.0 | |
Principal repayment on FHLB borrowings | Principal repayment on FHLB borrowings | | (50.0) | | | — | | Principal repayment on FHLB borrowings | | (5.0) | | | (25.0) | |
Acquisition of treasury stock | Acquisition of treasury stock | | (1.7) | | | (2.2) | | Acquisition of treasury stock | | (14.0) | | | (1.5) | |
Proceeds from exercise of stock options | Proceeds from exercise of stock options | | 0.3 | | | 2.4 | | Proceeds from exercise of stock options | | — | | | 0.3 | |
Withholding tax payments on RSUs tendered | Withholding tax payments on RSUs tendered | | (2.0) | | | (2.0) | | Withholding tax payments on RSUs tendered | | (2.3) | | | (2.0) | |
Annuity contracts: variable, fixed and FHLB funding agreements: | Annuity contracts: variable, fixed and FHLB funding agreements: | | | | | Annuity contracts: variable, fixed and FHLB funding agreements: | | | | |
Deposits | Deposits | | 833.2 | | | 462.2 | | Deposits | | 332.9 | | | 515.9 | |
Benefits, withdrawals and net transfers to Separate Account (variable annuity) assets | Benefits, withdrawals and net transfers to Separate Account (variable annuity) assets | | (342.1) | | | (284.4) | | Benefits, withdrawals and net transfers to Separate Account (variable annuity) assets | | (223.4) | | | (216.2) | |
Principal repayment on FHLB funding agreements | Principal repayment on FHLB funding agreements | | (204.0) | | | — | | Principal repayment on FHLB funding agreements | | (10.0) | | | — | |
Life policy accounts: | Life policy accounts: | | | Life policy accounts: | | |
Deposits | Deposits | | 6.7 | | | 6.8 | | Deposits | | 4.6 | | | 4.4 | |
Withdrawals and surrenders | Withdrawals and surrenders | | (3.0) | | | (2.9) | | Withdrawals and surrenders | | (1.9) | | | (2.1) | |
Change in deposit asset on reinsurance | Change in deposit asset on reinsurance | | (17.2) | | | (14.8) | | Change in deposit asset on reinsurance | | (24.4) | | | (13.0) | |
Net increase in reverse repurchase agreements | | Net increase in reverse repurchase agreements | | 95.8 | | | — | |
Change in book overdrafts | Change in book overdrafts | | 8.2 | | | 9.1 | | Change in book overdrafts | | 6.6 | | | (2.5) | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | Net cash provided by financing activities | | 190.8 | | | 141.0 | | Net cash provided by financing activities | | 132.5 | | | 233.6 | |
Net increase in cash | | 17.9 | | | 40.0 | | |
Net increase (decrease) in cash | | Net increase (decrease) in cash | | (83.6) | | | 7.1 | |
Cash at beginning of period | Cash at beginning of period | | 22.3 | | | 25.5 | | Cash at beginning of period | | 133.7 | | | 22.3 | |
Cash at end of period | Cash at end of period | | $ | 40.2 | | | $ | 65.5 | | Cash at end of period | | $ | 50.1 | | | $ | 29.4 | |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
| | | | | | | | |
Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 5 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
HORACE MANN EDUCATORS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
NOTE 1 - Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies
Business
Horace Mann Educators Corporation is a holding company for insurance subsidiaries that market and underwrite personal lines of property and casualty insurance products (primarily personal lines of automobileauto and property insurance), life insurance products, retirement products (primarily tax-qualified fixed and variable annuities), voluntary supplemental insurance products (primarily cancer, heart, hospital, supplemental disability and accident coverages), retirementand employer-sponsored group benefit products (primarily tax-qualified fixedshort-term and variable annuities)long-term group disability, and group term life insurance products,coverages), primarily to K-12 teachers, administrators and other employees of public schools and their families (collectively, HMEC, the Company or Horace Mann).
As described more fully in Note 2, the Company acquired Madison National Life Insurance Company, Inc. (Madison National) effective January 1, 2022. In conjunction with the acquisition, management changed how it manages and conducts business resulting in 3 operating segments: (1) Property & Casualty, (2) Life & Retirement, and (3) Supplemental & Group Benefits (which includes the results of Madison National).
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) and with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Certain information and disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in conformity with GAAP, but are not required for interim reporting purposes, have been omitted. These Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in Part II - Item 8 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2021. The results of operations for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto are unaudited. These financial statements reflect all adjustments (generally consisting only of normal recurring accruals) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair presentation of the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods. The Company's significant accounting policies are summarized in Part II - Item 8, Note 1 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2021.
The Company has reclassified the presentation of certain prior period information to conform to the current year's presentation.
Consolidation
All intercompany transactions and balances between HMEC and its subsidiaries and affiliates have been eliminated.
Accounting Policies
Reverse Repurchase Agreements
Beginning in the second quarter of 2022, the Company entered into reverse repurchase agreements to sell securities for cash. Such reverse repurchase agreements are primarily used as a financing tool for general corporate purposes and may be used as a tool to enhance yield on the investment portfolio.
A reverse repurchase agreement is a transaction in which one party (transferor) agrees to sell securities to another party (transferee) in return for cash (or securities), with a simultaneous agreement to repurchase the same securities (or substantially similar securities) at a specified price on a specified date. These transactions are generally short-term in nature, and therefore, the carrying amounts of these instruments approximate fair value.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 6 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 1 - Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
In connection with reverse repurchase agreements, the Company transfers primarily U.S. government, government agency and corporate securities and receives cash. For reverse repurchase agreements, the Company receives cash in an amount equal to at least 95% of the fair value of the securities transferred, and the agreements with third parties contain contractual provisions to allow for additional collateral to be obtained when necessary. The Company accounts for reverse repurchase agreements as secured borrowings. The securities transferred under reverse repurchase agreements are included in Fixed maturity securities with the obligation to repurchase those securities reported in Other liabilities on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fair value of the securities transferred was $99.5 million as of June 30, 2022 and $0 as of December 31, 2021. The obligation for securities sold under reverse repurchase agreements was a net amount of $95.8 million as of June 30, 2022 million and $0 as of December 31, 2021.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the reporting date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
The most significant critical accounting estimates include valuation of hard-to-value fixed maturity securities, (including evaluation of impairments),credit loss impairments for fixed maturity securities, evaluation of goodwill and intangible assets for impairment, valuation of annuity and life deferred policy acquisition costs, valuation of liabilities for property and casualty unpaid claims and claim expenses, and valuation of certain investment contracts and policy reserves.reserves and valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed under purchase accounting and purchase price allocation.
Future Adoption of New Accounting Standards
Accounting for Long-Duration Insurance Contracts
In August 2018, the FASB issued accounting and disclosure guidance that contains targeted improvements to the accounting and disclosure guidance for long-duration insurance contracts (i.e., ASU 2018-12). The guidance in ASU 2018-12 (ASU) significantly changes how insurers account for long-duration insurance contracts. UnderThe guidance in the new guidance,ASU also significantly expands the cash flow assumptions used to measure the liability for future policy benefits for traditional insurance contracts will be required to be updated at least annually with changes recognized as a benefit expense (i.e., assumptions will no longer be locked-in).
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 6 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 1 - Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Insurance entities will be required to use a standard discount rate to measure the liabilities that will be equivalent to the yield from a high-quality bond. The new guidance also changes the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs (DAC) to be on a constant-level basis over the expected term of the related contracts with no interest accruing on the DAC balance. The new guidance also introduces a new category of contract features associated with deposit type contracts referred to as market risk benefits (MRBs). Contract features meeting the definition of a MRB will be measured at fair value. New disclosures will be requireddisclosure requirements for long-duration insurance contracts in order to provide better transparency intocontracts.
The Company will adopt the exposure of insurance entitiesASU effective January 1, 2023, using the modified retrospective transition method where permitted, and the drivers of their results. For public business entities,apply the guidance as of January 1, 2021 (and record transition adjustments as of January 1, 2021) in the Company’s 2023 consolidated financial statements. Prior periods presented (years 2021 and 2022) will be adjusted to apply the new method of accounting retrospectively under the ASU.
While the requirements of the ASU represent a significant change from existing GAAP, the adoption of the ASU will not impact cash flows on the Company’s policies, or the underlying economics of the Company’s business. The Company's insurance subsidiaries' risk-based capital amounts and ratios, and regulatory dividends will not be impacted as the National Association of Insurance Commissioners has rejected the adoption of ASU 2018-12.
The Company has created a governance framework and is effectivemanaging a detailed implementation plan to support timely application of the guidance in the ASU. The Company has made progress and continues to refine key accounting policy decisions, technology solutions and internal controls. These activities include, but are not limited to, modifications of actuarial valuation, accounting and financial reporting processes and systems including internal controls.
The table below summarizes the areas of significant change and each significant area of change for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those years. With regardsthe method of adoption and expected impact to the liability for future policy benefits and DAC, the guidance applies to contracts in force as of the beginning of the earliest period presented and may be applied retrospectively. With regards to MRBs, the guidance is to be applied retrospectively at the beginning of the earliest period presented. Early adoption is permitted. Management is currently evaluating the impact this guidance will have on theCompany's results of operations and financial position ofcondition as a result from adopting the Company.
NOTE 2 - Acquisitions
On July 14, 2021, the Company announced that it entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (Agreement), byASU at transition and among the Company and Independence Capital Corp. and Independence Holding Company (Seller) to acquire all the equity interests in Madison National Life Insurance Company, Inc., an insurance company organized under the laws of the State of Wisconsin (Madison National). The Agreement provides, among other things, that, upon the terms and subjectsubsequent to the conditions set forth in the Agreement, the Company will acquire all the equity interests in Madison National (Acquisition) for $172.5 million. The Seller will have a potential earn-out of up to $12.5 million payable in cash, if specified financial targets are achieved by the end of 2023. The Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Agreement have been approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. The Company has cleared the anti-trust review and the closing of the Acquisition is expected to occur early during the first quarter of 2022, subject to the satisfaction or waiver of applicable closing conditions as well as approval by certain regulators.
NOTE 3 - Investments
Net Investment Income
The components of net investment income for the following periods were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
Fixed maturity securities | | $ | 59.8 | | | $ | 56.4 | | | $ | 177.2 | | | $ | 174.7 | |
Equity securities | | 1.4 | | | 1.1 | | | 3.8 | | | 3.5 | |
Limited partnership interests | | 16.8 | | | 11.1 | | | 51.1 | | | 4.9 | |
Short-term and other investments | | 2.8 | | | 2.7 | | | 8.5 | | | 8.4 | |
Investment expenses | | (2.7) | | | (2.1) | | | (7.3) | | | (7.2) | |
Net investment income - investment portfolio | | 78.1 | | | 69.2 | | | 233.3 | | | 184.3 | |
Investment income - deposit asset on reinsurance | | 25.6 | | | 24.5 | | | 75.1 | | | 72.1 | |
Total net investment income | | $ | 103.7 | | | $ | 93.7 | | | $ | 308.4 | | | $ | 256.4 | |
effective date.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 7 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 1 - Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
Area of significant change | Impacts at transition (January 1, 2021) | Impacts subsequent to the effective date |
Cash flow assumptions for measuring the liability for future policy benefits | | |
Under current accounting guidance, assumptions for traditional long-duration insurance contracts (e.g., mortality, lapses, etc.), are locked-in at issuance.
The new guidance requires insurers to review, and if necessary, update the cash flow assumptions used to measure liabilities for future policy benefits periodically. The change in the liability estimate as a result of updating cash flow assumptions will be recognized in net income.
| The Company expects to adopt this guidance on a modified retrospective basis as of the earliest period presented in the year of adoption. Upon adoption, there will be an adjustment to retained earnings as a result of capping the net premium ratio at 100%.
The Company expects the impact of such adjustment will likely result in an after-tax decrease to retained earnings of less than $5 million. | The Company does not expect any material impacts to its results of operations subsequent to the effective date of the ASU. |
Discount rate assumption for measuring the liability for future policy benefits | | |
Under current accounting guidance, the-then current discount rate is locked-in at issuance.
The new guidance requires insurers to update the discount rate assumption used to measure liabilities for future policy benefits at each reporting period, and the discount rate utilized must be based on an upper-medium grade fixed income instrument yield. The change in the liability estimate as a result of updating the discount rate assumption will be recognized in other comprehensive income. | The Company expects to adopt this guidance on a modified retrospective basis as of the earliest period presented in the year of adoption. Upon adoption, there will be an adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) as a result of remeasuring in force contract liabilities using a standard discount rate to measure the liabilities that will be equivalent to the yield from a high-quality bond and the adjustment will largely reflect the difference between discount rates locked-in at contract inception versus current discount rates at transition.
The Company currently estimates that the transition date impact from adoption is likely to result in an after-tax decrease to AOCI in a range between $450 million and $550 million.
| The Company expects material impacts to AOCI subsequent to the effective date of the ASU due to subsequent increases and decreases in discount rates. |
Market risk benefits | | |
Under current accounting guidance, certain benefit features of annuity contracts (e.g., GMDB, etc.) are accounted for using a benefit ratio methodology.
The new guidance created a new category of benefit features called market risk benefits that will be measured at fair value with changes in fair value attributable to a change in the instrument-specific credit risk recognized in other comprehensive income.
| The Company will adopt this guidance on a retrospective basis as of the earliest period presented in the year of adoption. Upon adoption, the Company expects an impact to AOCI for the cumulative effect of changes in the instrument-specific credit risk between contract issue date and transition date and retained earnings for the difference between fair value and carrying value at the transition date, excluding the changes in the instrument-specific credit risk.
The Company is currently evaluating the impact of these adjustments but anticipates they will likely reduce AOCI and retained earnings by less than $15 million after-tax.
| Subsequent to the effective date of the ASU, the Company expects market risk benefits will add volatility to benefits expense which could be material. The Company is currently evaluating the impacts of these adjustments subsequent to the effective date of the ASU. |
Deferred policy acquisition costs (DAC) including shadow DAC | | |
Under current accounting guidance, for all annuity contracts, DAC is amortized over 20 years in proportion to estimated gross profits. For individual life contracts, DAC is amortized in proportion to anticipated premiums over the terms of the insurance policies (10, 15, 20, 30) years. For IUL, DAC is amortized in proportion to estimated gross profits over 30 years.
The new guidance requires DAC and other balances to be amortized on a constant level basis over the expected term of the related contracts. | The Company expects to adopt this guidance on a modified retrospective basis as of the earliest period presented in the year of adoption. Upon adoption, the Company expects an adjustment to AOCI for the removal of cumulative adjustments to DAC associated with unrealized investment gains and losses previously recorded in AOCI.
The impact of this adjustment will likely result in an after-tax increase to AOCI in a range between $65 million and $75 million upon adoption.
| Subsequent to the effective date of the ASU, the Company expects a significant reduction in volatility of DAC unlocking due to the removal of investment performance and market impacts and an insignificant decrease in amortization expense due to the treatment of interest expense and method of amortizing DAC. |
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 8 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Effective January 1, 2022, the Company acquired all the equity interests in Madison National pursuant to a Stock Purchase Agreement (Agreement) dated as of July 14, 2021. The final adjusted purchase price of the transaction was $172.3 million. The seller of Madison National has a potential earn-out of up to $12.5 million payable in cash, if specified financial targets are achieved by the end of 2023. As a result of the acquisition, Madison National became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Madison National is a leading writer of employer-sponsored benefits provided to educators by K-12 school districts. Founded in 1961 and headquartered in Madison, Wisconsin, Madison National offers short-term and long-term group disability, group term life, and worksite solutions products, including accident and critical illness.
Madison National's results are being reported in the operating segment titled "Supplemental & Group Benefits". The amount of revenues and pretax income for Madison National since the date of acquisition included in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Operations for the six months ended June 30, 2022 are $73.6 million and $0.1 million (inclusive of the $2.4 million non-cash impact from amortization of intangible assets under purchase accounting), respectively.
The Company has not yet completed the process of estimating the fair value of Madison National assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including, but not limited to, intangible assets, policy reserves and certain tax-related balances. Accordingly, the Company’s preliminary estimates and the allocation of the final adjusted purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are subject to change as the Company completes the process. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 805, Business Combinations, changes if any, to the preliminary estimates and allocation of the final adjusted purchase price will be reported in the Company’s financial statements as an adjustment to the opening balance sheet. Based on the Company’s preliminary allocation of the final adjusted purchase price, the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | |
Assets: | | |
Investments | | $ | 90.4 | |
Cash and short-term investments | | 123.4 | |
Reinsurance recoverable | | 356.0 | |
Intangible assets(1) | | 59.4 | |
Other assets | | 23.2 | |
Liabilities: | | |
Investment contract and policy reserves | | 274.5 | |
Unpaid claims and claim expenses | | 48.2 | |
Unearned premiums | | 1.5 | |
Other policyholder funds | | 152.8 | |
Other liabilities | | 15.9 | |
Total identifiable net assets acquired | | 159.5 | |
Goodwill(2) | | 12.8 | |
Purchase price | | $ | 172.3 | |
(1) Intangible assets consist of the value of business acquired, value of customer relationships and state licenses. The intangible assets that are amortizable have estimated lives of one to ten years. See Note 5 for further information.
(2) The amount of goodwill that is expected to be deductible for federal income tax purposes is $18.6 million.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 9 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 3 - Investments (continued)
Net Investment Income
The components of net investment income for the following periods were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Fixed maturity securities | | $ | 62.0 | | | $ | 59.4 | | | $ | 120.6 | | | $ | 117.4 | |
Equity securities | | 4.0 | | | 1.3 | | | 5.3 | | | 2.4 | |
Limited partnership interests | | 13.2 | | | 23.0 | | | 26.2 | | | 34.3 | |
Short-term and other investments | | 2.7 | | | 2.9 | | | 5.4 | | | 5.7 | |
Investment expenses | | (2.5) | | | (2.5) | | | (5.1) | | | (4.6) | |
Net investment income - investment portfolio | | 79.4 | | | 84.1 | | | 152.4 | | | 155.2 | |
Investment income - deposit asset on reinsurance | | 25.8 | | | 25.1 | | | 50.7 | | | 49.5 | |
Total net investment income | | $ | 105.2 | | | $ | 109.2 | | | $ | 203.1 | | | $ | 204.7 | |
Net Investment Gains (Losses) Gains
Net investment (losses) gains for the following periods were as follows:
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Fixed maturity securities | Fixed maturity securities | | $ | (4.0) | | | $ | 2.7 | | | $ | (7.9) | | | $ | 3.1 | | Fixed maturity securities | | $ | (2.9) | | | $ | 1.5 | | | $ | (5.2) | | | $ | (3.9) | |
Equity securities | Equity securities | | (1.0) | | | 4.0 | | | 0.7 | | | (3.6) | | Equity securities | | (12.6) | | | 4.4 | | | (28.1) | | | 1.7 | |
Short-term investments and other | Short-term investments and other | | (1.5) | | | (4.2) | | | (3.4) | | | (12.3) | | Short-term investments and other | | — | | | (1.0) | | | 2.3 | | | (1.9) | |
Net investment (losses) gains | | $ | (6.5) | | | $ | 2.5 | | | $ | (10.6) | | | $ | (12.8) | | |
Net investment gains (losses) | | Net investment gains (losses) | | $ | (15.5) | | | $ | 4.9 | | | $ | (31.0) | | | $ | (4.1) | |
The Company, from time to time, sells fixed maturity securities subsequent to the reporting date that were considered temporarily impaired at such reporting date. Such sales are due to issuer specificissuer-specific events occurring subsequent to the reporting date that result in a change in the Company's intent to sell a fixed maturity security. The types of events that may result in a sale include significant changes in the economic facts and circumstances related to the invested asset, significant unforeseen changes in liquidity needs, or changes in the Company's investment strategy.
Net Investment Gains (Losses) Gains by Transaction Type
The following table reconciles net investment gains (losses) gains by transaction type:
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Credit loss impairments(1) | Credit loss impairments(1) | | $ | (6.6) | | | $ | — | | | $ | (7.7) | | | $ | — | | Credit loss impairments(1) | | $ | (1.3) | | | $ | — | | | $ | (2.2) | | | $ | (1.1) | |
Intent-to-sell impairments | Intent-to-sell impairments | | — | | | (1.1) | | | (2.1) | | | (5.3) | | Intent-to-sell impairments | | (0.5) | | | — | | | (1.4) | | | (2.1) | |
Total impairments on investments recognized in net income | Total impairments on investments recognized in net income | | (6.6) | | | (1.1) | | | (9.8) | | | (5.3) | | Total impairments on investments recognized in net income | | (1.8) | | | — | | | (3.6) | | | (3.2) | |
Sales and other, net | Sales and other, net | | 2.7 | | | 3.7 | | | 2.2 | | | 8.6 | | Sales and other, net | | (1.1) | | | 1.6 | | | — | | | (0.5) | |
Change in fair value - equity securities | Change in fair value - equity securities | | (1.1) | | | 2.3 | | | 0.4 | | | (5.6) | | Change in fair value - equity securities | | (12.6) | | | 4.3 | | | (29.7) | | | 1.5 | |
Change in fair value and losses realized on settlements - derivatives | | (1.5) | | | (2.4) | | | (3.4) | | | (10.5) | | |
Net investment (losses) gains | | $ | (6.5) | | | $ | 2.5 | | | $ | (10.6) | | | $ | (12.8) | | |
Change in fair value and gains (losses) realized on settlements - derivatives | | Change in fair value and gains (losses) realized on settlements - derivatives | | — | | | (1.0) | | | 2.3 | | | (1.9) | |
Net investment gains (losses) | | Net investment gains (losses) | | $ | (15.5) | | | $ | 4.9 | | | $ | (31.0) | | | $ | (4.1) | |
(1)
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recognized a valuation allowance of $7.7 million for credit loss impairments with respect to fixed maturity securities available for sale.
| | | | | | | | |
Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 810 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 3 - Investments (continued)
Allowance for Credit Loss Impairments on Fixed Maturity Securities
The following table presents changes in the allowance for credit loss impairments on fixed maturity securities classified as available for sale for the category of other asset-backed securities (no other categories of fixed maturity securities have an allowance for credit loss impairments):
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Beginning balance | Beginning balance | | $ | 1.1 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | Beginning balance | | $ | 8.3 | | | $ | 1.1 | | | $ | 7.7 | | | $ | — | |
Credit losses on fixed maturity securities for which credit losses were not previously reported | Credit losses on fixed maturity securities for which credit losses were not previously reported | | 6.6 | | | — | | | 7.7 | | | — | | Credit losses on fixed maturity securities for which credit losses were not previously reported | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1.1 | |
Net (increases) decreases related to credit losses previously reported | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | |
Net increase related to credit losses previously reported | | Net increase related to credit losses previously reported | | 1.3 | | | — | | | 2.2 | | | — | |
Reduction of credit allowances related to sales | Reduction of credit allowances related to sales | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | Reduction of credit allowances related to sales | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Write-offs | Write-offs | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | Write-offs | | (0.1) | | | — | | | (0.4) | | | — | |
Ending balance | Ending balance | | $ | 7.7 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 7.7 | | | $ | — | | Ending balance | | $ | 9.5 | | | $ | 1.1 | | | $ | 9.5 | | | $ | 1.1 | |
Fixed Maturity Securities
The Company's investment portfolio is comprised primarily of fixed maturity securities. Amortized cost, net, gross unrealized investment gains (losses) and fair values of all fixed maturity securities in the portfolio were as follows:
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Amortized Cost, net | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Fair Value | ($ in millions) | | Amortized Cost, net | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Fair Value |
September 30, 2021 | | | | | | | | | |
June 30, 2022 | | June 30, 2022 | | | | | | | | |
Fixed maturity securities | Fixed maturity securities | | Fixed maturity securities | |
U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations:(1) | U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations:(1) | | U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations:(1) | |
Mortgage-backed securities | Mortgage-backed securities | | $ | 636.2 | | | $ | 58.3 | | | $ | 1.0 | | | $ | 693.5 | | Mortgage-backed securities | | $ | 640.4 | | | $ | 5.2 | | | $ | 33.8 | | | $ | 611.8 | |
Other, including U.S. Treasury securities | Other, including U.S. Treasury securities | | 385.7 | | | 28.8 | | | 5.6 | | | 408.9 | | Other, including U.S. Treasury securities | | 406.7 | | | 3.9 | | | 42.0 | | | 368.6 | |
Municipal bonds | Municipal bonds | | 1,592.5 | | | 184.1 | | | 1.1 | | | 1,775.5 | | Municipal bonds | | 1,476.7 | | | 30.4 | | | 80.8 | | | 1,426.3 | |
Foreign government bonds | Foreign government bonds | | 40.2 | | | 3.8 | | | — | | | 44.0 | | Foreign government bonds | | 41.2 | | | 0.7 | | | 0.5 | | | 41.4 | |
Corporate bonds | Corporate bonds | | 2,268.8 | | | 189.4 | | | 6.6 | | | 2,451.6 | | Corporate bonds | | 2,342.9 | | | 21.8 | | | 214.2 | | | 2,150.5 | |
Other asset-backed securities | Other asset-backed securities | | 1,122.2 | | | 21.1 | | | 4.8 | | | 1,138.5 | | Other asset-backed securities | | 1,138.6 | | | 4.5 | | | 53.7 | | | 1,089.4 | |
Totals | Totals | | $ | 6,045.6 | | | $ | 485.5 | | | $ | 19.1 | | | $ | 6,512.0 | | Totals | | $ | 6,046.5 | | | $ | 66.5 | | | $ | 425.0 | | | $ | 5,688.0 | |
| December 31, 2020 | | |
December 31, 2021 | | December 31, 2021 | |
Fixed maturity securities | Fixed maturity securities | | Fixed maturity securities | |
U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations:(1) | U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations:(1) | | U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations:(1) | |
Mortgage-backed securities | Mortgage-backed securities | | $ | 605.5 | | | $ | 79.6 | | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | 684.8 | | Mortgage-backed securities | | $ | 612.1 | | | $ | 51.9 | | | $ | 1.5 | | | $ | 662.5 | |
Other, including U.S. Treasury securities | Other, including U.S. Treasury securities | | 395.0 | | | 39.2 | | | 1.0 | | | 433.2 | | Other, including U.S. Treasury securities | | 342.5 | | | 27.7 | | | 4.3 | | | 365.9 | |
Municipal bonds | Municipal bonds | | 1,612.3 | | | 215.7 | | | 0.5 | | | 1,827.5 | | Municipal bonds | | 1,519.7 | | | 184.4 | | | 0.7 | | | 1,703.4 | |
Foreign government bonds | Foreign government bonds | | 40.2 | | | 4.9 | | | — | | | 45.1 | | Foreign government bonds | | 40.2 | | | 3.4 | | | — | | | 43.6 | |
Corporate bonds | Corporate bonds | | 1,905.2 | | | 221.6 | | | 3.9 | | | 2,122.9 | | Corporate bonds | | 2,217.7 | | | 176.2 | | | 5.2 | | | 2,388.7 | |
Other asset-backed securities | Other asset-backed securities | | 1,230.4 | | | 24.1 | | | 22.7 | | | 1,231.8 | | Other asset-backed securities | | 1,065.5 | | | 16.6 | | | 6.9 | | | 1,075.2 | |
Totals | Totals | | $ | 5,788.6 | | | $ | 585.1 | | | $ | 28.4 | | | $ | 6,345.3 | | Totals | | $ | 5,797.7 | | | $ | 460.2 | | | $ | 18.6 | | | $ | 6,239.3 | |
(1) Fair value includes securities issued by Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA) of $394.9$349.4 million and $387.1$376.7 million; Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC) of $337.8$293.1 million and $344.3$326.5 million; and Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) of $118.2$96.7 million and $132.3$112.1 million as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and December 31, 2020,2021, respectively.
| | | | | | | | |
Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 911 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 3 - Investments (continued)
The following table presents the fair value and gross unrealized losses for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position at SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and December 31, 2020,2021, respectively. The Company views the decrease in fair value of all of the fixed maturity securities with unrealized losses at SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 — which was driven largely by increasing interest rates, spread widening, financial market illiquidity and/or market volatility from the date of acquisition — as temporary. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, the Company has not made the decision to sell and it is not more likely than not the Company will be required to sell the fixed maturity securities with unrealized losses before an anticipated recovery in value. There has been a significant increase in interest rates since December 31, 2021, driven mostly by increases in Treasury rates, though credit spreads also widened. The 10-year U.S. Treasury yield increased 150 basis points in the first half of 2022, rising from 1.51% at December 31, 2021 to 3.01% at June 30, 2022. Additionally, credit spreads widened during the same time period, with investment grade and high yield wider by 66 and 277 basis points, respectively. These upward movements in rates caused market yields in the Company's portfolios to rise sharply, with downward pressure on prices. Investment grade and high yield total returns for the first half of 2022 were down 13.9% and 14.0%, respectively. The Bloomberg Barclays Index Yield-to-Worst for Investment Grade rose 2.4% in the first half of 2022, ending at 4.7%, while the High Yield Index increased by 4.7% to 8.9%. The Company's portfolios generated sizable unrealized losses as a result of sharp increases in interest rates. Therefore, it was determined that the unrealized losses on the fixed maturity securities presented in the table below were not indicative of any impairments as of SeptemberJune 30, 2021.2022.
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | 12 Months or Less | | More than 12 Months | | Total | ($ in millions) | | 12 Months or Less | | More than 12 Months | | Total |
| | Fair Value | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Fair Value | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Fair Value | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Fair Value | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Fair Value | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Fair Value | | Gross Unrealized Losses |
September 30, 2021 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
June 30, 2022 | | June 30, 2022 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fixed maturity securities | Fixed maturity securities | | Fixed maturity securities | |
U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations: | U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations: | | U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations: | |
Mortgage-backed securities | Mortgage-backed securities | | $ | 69.5 | | | $ | 0.9 | | | $ | 2.1 | | | $ | 0.1 | | | $ | 71.6 | | | $ | 1.0 | | Mortgage-backed securities | | $ | 478.9 | | | $ | 30.3 | | | $ | 9.8 | | | $ | 3.5 | | | $ | 488.7 | | | $ | 33.8 | |
Other | Other | | 106.1 | | | 4.4 | | | 15.0 | | | 1.2 | | | 121.1 | | | 5.6 | | Other | | 235.9 | | | 24.8 | | | 44.8 | | | 17.2 | | | 280.7 | | | 42.0 | |
Municipal bonds | Municipal bonds | | 52.2 | | | 1.0 | | | 1.4 | | | 0.1 | | | 53.6 | | | 1.1 | | Municipal bonds | | 919.4 | | | 80.4 | | | 1.5 | | | 0.4 | | | 920.9 | | | 80.8 | |
Foreign government bonds | Foreign government bonds | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | Foreign government bonds | | 14.2 | | | 0.5 | | | — | | | — | | | 14.2 | | | 0.5 | |
Corporate bonds | Corporate bonds | | 214.1 | | | 5.3 | | | 36.1 | | | 1.3 | | | 250.2 | | | 6.6 | | Corporate bonds | | 1,620.9 | | | 199.6 | | | 68.2 | | | 14.6 | | | 1,689.1 | | | 214.2 | |
Other asset-backed securities | Other asset-backed securities | | 187.6 | | | 1.1 | | | 205.4 | | | 3.7 | | | 393.0 | | | 4.8 | | Other asset-backed securities | | 798.1 | | | 42.3 | | | 152.7 | | | 11.4 | | | 950.8 | | | 53.7 | |
Total | Total | | $ | 629.5 | | | $ | 12.7 | | | $ | 260.0 | | | $ | 6.4 | | | $ | 889.5 | | | $ | 19.1 | | Total | | $ | 4,067.4 | | | $ | 377.9 | | | $ | 277.0 | | | $ | 47.1 | | | $ | 4,344.4 | | | $ | 425.0 | |
| Number of positions with a gross unrealized loss | Number of positions with a gross unrealized loss | | 401 | | | 129 | | | 530 | | | Number of positions with a gross unrealized loss | | 2,858 | | | 197 | | | 3,055 | | |
Fair value as a percentage of total fixed maturity securities at fair value | Fair value as a percentage of total fixed maturity securities at fair value | | 9.7 | % | | 4.0 | % | | 13.7 | % | | Fair value as a percentage of total fixed maturity securities at fair value | | 71.5 | % | | 4.9 | % | | 76.4 | % | |
| December 31, 2020 | | |
December 31, 2021 | | December 31, 2021 | |
Fixed maturity securities | Fixed maturity securities | | Fixed maturity securities | |
U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations: | U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations: | | U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations: | |
Mortgage-backed securities | Mortgage-backed securities | | $ | 4.9 | | | $ | 0.1 | | | $ | 2.6 | | | $ | 0.2 | | | $ | 7.5 | | | $ | 0.3 | | Mortgage-backed securities | | $ | 67.4 | | | $ | 1.3 | | | $ | 3.9 | | | $ | 0.2 | | | $ | 71.3 | | | $ | 1.5 | |
Other | Other | | 95.9 | | | 1.0 | | | — | | | — | | | 95.9 | | | 1.0 | | Other | | 59.5 | | | 1.7 | | | 35.1 | | | 2.6 | | | 94.6 | | | 4.3 | |
Municipal bonds | Municipal bonds | | 18.1 | | | 0.5 | | | — | | | — | | | 18.1 | | | 0.5 | | Municipal bonds | | 56.8 | | | 0.7 | | | 0.6 | | | — | | | 57.4 | | | 0.7 | |
Foreign government bonds | Foreign government bonds | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | Foreign government bonds | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Corporate bonds | Corporate bonds | | 126.6 | | | 3.7 | | | 10.9 | | | 0.2 | | | 137.5 | | | 3.9 | | Corporate bonds | | 220.7 | | | 3.8 | | | 44.1 | | | 1.4 | | | 264.8 | | | 5.2 | |
Other asset-backed securities | Other asset-backed securities | | 316.9 | | | 17.2 | | | 409.3 | | | 5.5 | | | 726.2 | | | 22.7 | | Other asset-backed securities | | 379.0 | | | 3.8 | | | 128.2 | | | 3.1 | | | 507.2 | | | 6.9 | |
Total | Total | | $ | 562.4 | | | $ | 22.5 | | | $ | 422.8 | | | $ | 5.9 | | | $ | 985.2 | | | $ | 28.4 | | Total | | $ | 783.4 | | | $ | 11.3 | | | $ | 211.9 | | | $ | 7.3 | | | $ | 995.3 | | | $ | 18.6 | |
| Number of positions with a gross unrealized loss | Number of positions with a gross unrealized loss | | 308 | | | 123 | | | 431 | | | Number of positions with a gross unrealized loss | | 516 | | | 122 | | | 638 | | |
Fair value as a percentage of total fixed maturity securities at fair value | Fair value as a percentage of total fixed maturity securities at fair value | | 8.9 | % | | 6.7 | % | | 15.6 | % | | Fair value as a percentage of total fixed maturity securities at fair value | | 12.6 | % | | 3.4 | % | | 16.0 | % | |
Fixed maturity securities with an investment grade rating represented 86.7%92.7% of the gross unrealized losses as of SeptemberJune 30, 2021.2022. With respect to fixed maturity securities involving securitized financial assets, the underlying collateral cash flows were stress tested to determine there was no adverse change in the present value of cash flows below the amortized cost basis.
| | | | | | | | |
Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 1012 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 3 - Investments (continued)
Maturities of Fixed Maturity Securities
The following table presents the distribution of the Company’s fixed maturity securities portfolio by estimated expected maturity. Estimated expected maturities differ from contractual maturities, reflecting assumptions regarding borrowers' utilization of the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. For structured securities, estimated expected maturities consider broker-dealer survey prepayment assumptions and are verified for consistency with the interest rate and economic environments.
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Percent of Total Fair Value | | September 30, 2021 | ($ in millions) | | Percent of Total Fair Value | | June 30, 2022 |
| | September 30, 2021 | | December 31, 2020 | | Fair Value | | Amortized Cost, net | | June 30, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 | | Fair Value | | Amortized Cost, net |
Estimated expected maturity: | Estimated expected maturity: | | | | | | | | | Estimated expected maturity: | | | | | | | | |
Due in 1 year or less | Due in 1 year or less | | 4.0 | % | | 4.0 | % | | $ | 260.5 | | | $ | 253.7 | | Due in 1 year or less | | 4.0 | % | | 4.0 | % | | $ | 227.5 | | | $ | 225.0 | |
Due after 1 year through 5 years | Due after 1 year through 5 years | | 26.2 | % | | 28.3 | % | | 1,703.6 | | | 1,620.1 | | Due after 1 year through 5 years | | 26.2 | | | 27.0 | | | 1,490.6 | | | 1,527.0 | |
Due after 5 years through 10 years | Due after 5 years through 10 years | | 28.1 | % | | 28.0 | % | | 1,830.4 | | | 1,685.7 | | Due after 5 years through 10 years | | 28.0 | | | 27.7 | | | 1,591.0 | | | 1,656.3 | |
Due after 10 years through 20 years | Due after 10 years through 20 years | | 23.9 | % | | 24.6 | % | | 1,559.5 | | | 1,411.2 | | Due after 10 years through 20 years | | 25.1 | | | 23.9 | | | 1,426.7 | | | 1,534.6 | |
Due after 20 years | Due after 20 years | | 17.8 | % | | 15.1 | % | | 1,158.0 | | | 1,074.9 | | Due after 20 years | | 16.7 | | | 17.4 | | | 952.2 | | | 1,103.6 | |
Total | Total | | 100.0 | % | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 6,512.0 | | | $ | 6,045.6 | | Total | | 100.0 | % | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 5,688.0 | | | $ | 6,046.5 | |
| Average option-adjusted duration, in years | Average option-adjusted duration, in years | | 6.8 | | 6.4 | | Average option-adjusted duration, in years | | 6.5 | | 6.7 | |
Sales of Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities
Proceeds received from sales of fixed maturity and equity securities, each determined using the specific identification method, and gross gains and gross losses realized as a result of those sales for each period were as follows:
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Fixed maturity securities | Fixed maturity securities | | | | | | | | | Fixed maturity securities | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds received | Proceeds received | | $ | 155.4 | | | $ | 58.6 | | | $ | 319.2 | | | $ | 352.8 | | Proceeds received | | $ | 197.0 | | | $ | 68.3 | | | $ | 365.3 | | | $ | 163.8 | |
Gross gains realized | Gross gains realized | | 3.2 | | | 3.7 | | | 6.2 | | | 14.0 | | Gross gains realized | | 1.2 | | | 1.7 | | | 3.6 | | | 3.0 | |
Gross losses realized | Gross losses realized | | (0.7) | | | — | | | (4.3) | | | (5.9) | | Gross losses realized | | (2.3) | | | (0.2) | | | (5.2) | | | (3.6) | |
| Equity securities | Equity securities | | Equity securities | |
Proceeds received | Proceeds received | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | 1.0 | | | $ | 12.4 | | Proceeds received | | $ | — | | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | 5.8 | | | $ | 0.7 | |
Gross gains realized | Gross gains realized | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | | | 0.3 | | | 2.1 | | Gross gains realized | | — | | | 0.1 | | | 1.7 | | | 0.2 | |
Gross losses realized | Gross losses realized | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (1.8) | | Gross losses realized | | — | | | — | | | (0.1) | | | — | |
Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses) on Fixed Maturity Securities
The following table reconciles net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities, net of tax, included in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI), before the impact of DAC:
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities, net of tax | Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities, net of tax | | | | | | | | | Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities, net of tax | | | | | | | | |
Beginning of period | Beginning of period | | $ | 399.4 | | | $ | 329.9 | | | $ | 439.8 | | | $ | 264.4 | | Beginning of period | | $ | 13.2 | | | $ | 287.2 | | | $ | 348.9 | | | $ | 439.8 | |
Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities | Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities | | (34.9) | | | 56.9 | | | (77.0) | | | 128.1 | | Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities | | (308.7) | | | 116.9 | | | (658.5) | | | (42.1) | |
Reclassification of net investment (gains) losses on fixed maturity securities to net income | | 3.9 | | | 5.2 | | | 5.6 | | | (0.5) | | |
Reclassification of net investment (gains) losses on fixed maturity securities to net income (loss) | | Reclassification of net investment (gains) losses on fixed maturity securities to net income (loss) | | 12.3 | | | (4.7) | | | 26.4 | | | 1.7 | |
End of period | End of period | | $ | 368.4 | | | $ | 392.0 | | | $ | 368.4 | | | $ | 392.0 | | End of period | | $ | (283.2) | | | $ | 399.4 | | | $ | (283.2) | | | $ | 399.4 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 1113 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 3 - Investments (continued)
Limited Partnership Interests
Investments in limited partnership interests are accounted for using the equity method of accounting (EMA) and include interests in senior commercial mortgage loan funds, private equity funds, infrastructure debt funds, infrastructure equity funds, hedge funds and other funds. Principal factors influencing carrying amount appreciation or decline include operating performance, comparable public company earnings multiples, capitalization rates and the economic environment. The Company recognizes an impairment loss for equity methodEMA limited partnership interests when evidence demonstrates that the loss is other than temporary. Evidence of a loss in value that is other than temporary may include the absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or the inability of the investee to sustain a level of earnings that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. The carrying amounts of equity methodEMA limited partnership interests were as follows:
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | ($ in millions) | |
| | September 30, 2021 | | December 31, 2020 | | June 30, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
Senior commercial mortgage loan funds | | $ | 265.8 | | | $ | 149.6 | | |
Commercial mortgage loan funds | | Commercial mortgage loan funds | | $ | 446.4 | | | $ | 346.8 | |
Private equity funds | | Private equity funds | | 68.2 | | | 74.0 | |
Infrastructure debt funds | Infrastructure debt funds | | 62.7 | | | 58.3 | | Infrastructure debt funds | | 68.3 | | | 62.4 | |
Infrastructure equity funds | Infrastructure equity funds | | 59.1 | | | 52.1 | | Infrastructure equity funds | | 67.3 | | | 58.3 | |
Hedge funds | | 51.1 | | | 63.2 | | |
Other funds(1) | Other funds(1) | | 176.7 | | | 125.8 | | Other funds(1) | | 178.2 | | | 171.3 | |
Total | Total | | $ | 615.4 | | | $ | 449.0 | | Total | | $ | 828.4 | | | $ | 712.8 | |
(1)Other funds consist primarily of limited partnership interests in private equity, real estate equity and corporate mezzanine, funds.venture capital and other fund strategies.
Offsetting of Assets and Liabilities
The Company's derivatives are subject to enforceable master netting arrangements. Collateral support agreements associated with each master netting arrangement provide that the Company will receive or pledge financial collateral in the event minimum thresholds have been reached. The Company’s reverse repurchase agreements are also subject to enforceable master netting arrangements but there was no offsetting in their presentation in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Information regarding the Company's derivatives is contained in Part II - Item 8, Note 45 in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2021. The following table presents instruments that were subject to a master netting arrangement for the Company.
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets | | Net Amounts of Assets/ Liabilities Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets | | Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets | | ($ in millions) | | Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets | | Net Amounts of Assets/ Liabilities Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets | | Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets | |
| | Gross Amounts | | Financial Instruments | | Cash Collateral Received | | Net Amount | | Gross Amounts | | Financial Instruments | | Cash Collateral Received | | Net Amount |
September 30, 2021 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
June 30, 2022 | | June 30, 2022 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Asset derivatives: | Asset derivatives: | | Asset derivatives: | |
Free-standing derivatives | Free-standing derivatives | | $ | 10.6 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 10.6 | | | $ | 9.8 | | | $ | 3.5 | | | $ | (2.7) | | Free-standing derivatives | | $ | 1.6 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1.6 | | | $ | 0.8 | | | $ | 0.4 | | | $ | 0.4 | |
| December 31, 2020 | | |
December 31, 2021 | | December 31, 2021 | |
Asset derivatives: | Asset derivatives: | | Asset derivatives: | |
Free-standing derivatives | Free-standing derivatives | | $ | 16.8 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 16.8 | | | $ | 13.7 | | | $ | 2.6 | | | $ | 0.5 | | Free-standing derivatives | | $ | 10.7 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 10.7 | | | $ | 4.5 | | | $ | 6.4 | | | $ | (0.2) | |
Deposits
At SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and December 31, 2020,2021, fixed maturity securities with a fair value of $26.4$28.6 million and $26.9$26.2 million, respectively, were on deposit with governmental agencies as required by law in various states for which the insurance subsidiaries of HMEC conduct business. In addition, at SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and December 31, 2020,2021, fixed maturity securities with a fair value of $923.6$959.6 million and $707.3$870.1 million, respectively, were on deposit with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago (FHLB) as collateral for amounts subject to funding agreements, advances and borrowings which were equal to $837.5$866.5 million at SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and $644.5$787.5 million at December 31, 2020.2021. The deposited securities are reported as Fixed maturity securities on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
| | | | | | | | |
Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 1214 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 4 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company is required to disclose estimated fair values for certain financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities. Fair values of the Company’s insurance contracts other than annuity contracts (which are investment contracts) and equity methodEMA limited partnership interests are not required to be disclosed. However, the estimated fair values of liabilities under all insurance contracts are taken into consideration in the Company’s overall management of interest rate risk through the matching of investment maturities with amounts due under insurance contracts.
Information regarding the three-level fair value hierarchy presented below and the valuation methodologies utilized by the Company to estimate fair values at each reporting date is included in Part II - Item 8, Note 34 of the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2021.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 1315 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 4 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments (continued)
Financial Instruments Measured and Carried at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following table presents the Company's fair value hierarchy for financial assets and financial liabilities measured and carried at fair value on a recurring basis. During the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and 2020,2021, there were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2. At SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, Level 3 invested assets comprised 5.4%7.1% of the Company’s total investment portfolio at fair value.
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Carrying Amount | | Fair Value | | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using | ($ in millions) | | Carrying Amount | | Fair Value | | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using |
| | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 |
September 30, 2021 | | | | | | | | | | | |
June 30, 2022 | | June 30, 2022 | | | | | | | | | | |
Financial Assets | Financial Assets | | Financial Assets | |
Investments | Investments | | Investments | |
Fixed maturity securities | Fixed maturity securities | | Fixed maturity securities | |
U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations: | U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations: | | U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations: | |
Mortgage-backed securities | Mortgage-backed securities | | $ | 693.5 | | | $ | 693.5 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 693.5 | | | $ | — | | Mortgage-backed securities | | $ | 611.8 | | | $ | 611.8 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 609.1 | | | $ | 2.7 | |
Other, including U.S. Treasury securities | Other, including U.S. Treasury securities | | 408.9 | | | 408.9 | | | 17.9 | | | 391.0 | | | — | | Other, including U.S. Treasury securities | | 368.6 | | | 368.6 | | | 24.6 | | | 344.0 | | | — | |
Municipal bonds | Municipal bonds | | 1,775.5 | | | 1,775.5 | | | — | | | 1,717.3 | | | 58.2 | | Municipal bonds | | 1,426.3 | | | 1,426.3 | | | — | | | 1,375.3 | | | 51.0 | |
Foreign government bonds | Foreign government bonds | | 44.0 | | | 44.0 | | | — | | | 44.0 | | | — | | Foreign government bonds | | 41.4 | | | 41.4 | | | — | | | 41.4 | | | — | |
Corporate bonds | Corporate bonds | | 2,451.6 | | | 2,451.6 | | | 14.5 | | | 2,232.1 | | | 205.0 | | Corporate bonds | | 2,150.5 | | | 2,150.5 | | | 13.0 | | | 1,867.0 | | | 270.5 | |
Other asset-backed securities | Other asset-backed securities | | 1,138.5 | | | 1,138.5 | | | — | | | 1,040.0 | | | 98.5 | | Other asset-backed securities | | 1,089.4 | | | 1,089.4 | | | — | | | 995.0 | | | 94.4 | |
Total fixed maturity securities | Total fixed maturity securities | | 6,512.0 | | | 6,512.0 | | | 32.4 | | | 6,117.9 | | | 361.7 | | Total fixed maturity securities | | 5,688.0 | | | 5,688.0 | | | 37.6 | | | 5,231.8 | | | 418.6 | |
Equity securities | Equity securities | | 152.3 | | | 152.3 | | | 39.3 | | | 112.6 | | | 0.4 | | Equity securities | | 117.3 | | | 117.3 | | | 25.0 | | | 90.9 | | | 1.4 | |
Short-term investments | Short-term investments | | 52.3 | | | 52.3 | | | 36.1 | | | 16.2 | | | — | | Short-term investments | | 97.2 | | | 97.2 | | | 94.8 | | | 2.4 | | | — | |
Other investments | Other investments | | 43.2 | | | 43.2 | | | — | | | 43.2 | | | — | | Other investments | | 33.7 | | | 33.7 | | | — | | | 33.7 | | | — | |
Totals | Totals | | $ | 6,759.8 | | | $ | 6,759.8 | | | $ | 107.8 | | | $ | 6,289.9 | | | $ | 362.1 | | Totals | | $ | 5,936.2 | | | $ | 5,936.2 | | | $ | 157.4 | | | $ | 5,358.8 | | | $ | 420.0 | |
Separate Account (variable annuity) assets(1) | Separate Account (variable annuity) assets(1) | | $ | 3,326.8 | | | $ | 3,326.8 | | | $ | 3,326.8 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | Separate Account (variable annuity) assets(1) | | $ | 2,811.2 | | | $ | 2,811.2 | | | $ | 2,811.2 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Financial Liabilities | Financial Liabilities | | Financial Liabilities | |
Investment contract and policy reserves, embedded derivatives | Investment contract and policy reserves, embedded derivatives | | $ | 2.3 | | | $ | 2.3 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 2.3 | | | $ | — | | Investment contract and policy reserves, embedded derivatives | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | — | |
Other policyholder funds, embedded derivatives | Other policyholder funds, embedded derivatives | | $ | 106.7 | | | $ | 106.7 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 106.7 | | Other policyholder funds, embedded derivatives | | $ | 93.2 | | | $ | 93.2 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 93.2 | |
| December 31, 2020 | | |
December 31, 2021 | | December 31, 2021 | |
Financial Assets | Financial Assets | | Financial Assets | |
Investments | Investments | | Investments | |
Fixed maturity securities | Fixed maturity securities | | Fixed maturity securities | |
U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations: | U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations: | | U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations: | |
Mortgage-backed securities | Mortgage-backed securities | | $ | 684.8 | | | $ | 684.8 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 673.7 | | | $ | 11.1 | | Mortgage-backed securities | | $ | 662.5 | | | $ | 662.5 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 662.5 | | | $ | — | |
Other, including U.S. Treasury securities | Other, including U.S. Treasury securities | | 433.2 | | | 433.2 | | | 18.4 | | | 414.8 | | | — | | Other, including U.S. Treasury securities | | 365.9 | | | 365.9 | | | 17.7 | | | 348.2 | | | — | |
Municipal bonds | Municipal bonds | | 1,827.5 | | | 1,827.5 | | | — | | | 1,767.9 | | | 59.6 | | Municipal bonds | | 1,703.4 | | | 1,703.4 | | | — | | | 1,642.6 | | | 60.8 | |
Foreign government bonds | Foreign government bonds | | 45.1 | | | 45.1 | | | — | | | 45.1 | | | — | | Foreign government bonds | | 43.6 | | | 43.6 | | | — | | | 43.6 | | | — | |
Corporate bonds | Corporate bonds | | 2,122.9 | | | 2,122.9 | | | 14.9 | | | 1,952.2 | | | 155.8 | | Corporate bonds | | 2,388.7 | | | 2,388.7 | | | 14.9 | | | 2,163.5 | | | 210.3 | |
Other asset-backed securities | Other asset-backed securities | | 1,231.8 | | | 1,231.8 | | | — | | | 1,103.5 | | | 128.3 | | Other asset-backed securities | | 1,075.2 | | | 1,075.2 | | | — | | | 976.3 | | | 98.9 | |
Total fixed maturity securities | Total fixed maturity securities | | 6,345.3 | | | 6,345.3 | | | 33.3 | | | 5,957.2 | | | 354.8 | | Total fixed maturity securities | | 6,239.3 | | | 6,239.3 | | | 32.6 | | | 5,836.7 | | | 370.0 | |
Equity securities | Equity securities | | 121.6 | | | 121.6 | | | 39.2 | | | 82.1 | | | 0.3 | | Equity securities | | 147.2 | | | 147.2 | | | 35.2 | | | 110.6 | | | 1.4 | |
Short-term investments | Short-term investments | | 141.8 | | | 141.8 | | | 137.7 | | | 4.1 | | | — | | Short-term investments | | 157.8 | | | 157.8 | | | 157.8 | | | — | | | — | |
Other investments | Other investments | | 36.3 | | | 36.3 | | | — | | | 36.3 | | | — | | Other investments | | 43.6 | | | 43.6 | | | — | | | 43.6 | | | — | |
Totals | Totals | | $ | 6,645.0 | | | $ | 6,645.0 | | | $ | 210.2 | | | $ | 6,079.7 | | | $ | 355.1 | | Totals | | $ | 6,587.9 | | | $ | 6,587.9 | | | $ | 225.6 | | | $ | 5,990.9 | | | $ | 371.4 | |
Separate Account (variable annuity) assets(1) | Separate Account (variable annuity) assets(1) | | $ | 2,891.4 | | | $ | 2,891.4 | | | $ | 2,891.4 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | Separate Account (variable annuity) assets(1) | | $ | 3,441.0 | | | $ | 3,441.0 | | | $ | 3,441.0 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Financial Liabilities | Financial Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | Financial Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment contract and policy reserves, embedded derivatives | Investment contract and policy reserves, embedded derivatives | | $ | 2.5 | | | $ | 2.5 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 2.5 | | | $ | — | | Investment contract and policy reserves, embedded derivatives | | $ | 2.1 | | | $ | 2.1 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 2.1 | | | $ | — | |
Other policyholder funds, embedded derivatives | Other policyholder funds, embedded derivatives | | $ | 104.5 | | | $ | 104.5 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 104.5 | | Other policyholder funds, embedded derivatives | | $ | 106.6 | | | $ | 106.6 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 106.6 | |
(1) Separate Account (variable annuity) assets represent contractholder funds invested in various actively traded mutual funds that have daily quoted net asset values that are readily determinable for identical assets that the Company can access. Separate Account (variable annuity) liabilities are equal to the estimated fair value of the Separate Account (variable annuity) assets.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 1416 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 4 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments (continued)
Changes in Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
The reconciliation for all financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) were as follows:
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Financial Assets | | Financial Liabilities(1) | ($ in millions) | | Financial Assets | | Financial Liabilities(1) |
| | Municipal Bonds | | Corporate Bonds | |
Mortgage-Backed and Other Asset- Backed Securities(2) | | Total Fixed Maturity Securities | | Equity Securities | | Total | | | | Municipal Bonds | | Corporate Bonds | |
Mortgage-Backed and Other Asset- Backed Securities(2) | | Total Fixed Maturity Securities | | Equity Securities | | Total | | |
Beginning balance, July 1, 2021 | | $ | 58.6 | | | $ | 150.5 | | | $ | 115.5 | | | $ | 324.6 | | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | 324.9 | | | $ | 108.9 | | |
Beginning balance, April 1, 2022 | | Beginning balance, April 1, 2022 | | $ | 54.1 | | | $ | 226.0 | | | $ | 89.8 | | | $ | 369.9 | | | $ | 1.3 | | | $ | 371.2 | | | $ | 99.1 | |
Transfers into Level 3(3) | Transfers into Level 3(3) | | — | | | 55.7 | | | 4.0 | | | 59.7 | | | — | | | 59.7 | | | — | | Transfers into Level 3(3) | | — | | | 56.0 | | | 17.5 | | | 73.5 | | | — | | | 73.5 | | | — | |
Transfers out of Level 3(3) | Transfers out of Level 3(3) | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | Transfers out of Level 3(3) | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Total gains or losses | Total gains or losses | | Total gains or losses | |
Net investment gains (losses) included in net income related to financial assets | Net investment gains (losses) included in net income related to financial assets | | — | | | — | | | (6.6) | | | (6.6) | | | 0.1 | | | (6.5) | | | — | | Net investment gains (losses) included in net income related to financial assets | | — | | | — | | | (1.4) | | | (1.4) | | | 0.1 | | | (1.3) | | | — | |
Net investment (gains) losses included in net income related to financial liabilities | Net investment (gains) losses included in net income related to financial liabilities | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 0.7 | | Net investment (gains) losses included in net income related to financial liabilities | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (4.6) | |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) included in OCI | Net unrealized investment gains (losses) included in OCI | | (0.3) | | | (0.1) | | | 6.6 | | | 6.2 | | | — | | | 6.2 | | | — | | Net unrealized investment gains (losses) included in OCI | | (2.8) | | | (4.9) | | | (3.2) | | | (10.9) | | | — | | | (10.9) | | | — | |
Purchases | Purchases | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | Purchases | | — | | | 4.9 | | | — | | | 4.9 | | | — | | | 4.9 | | | — | |
Issuances | Issuances | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1.4 | | Issuances | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1.2 | |
Sales | Sales | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | Sales | | — | | | — | | | (2.1) | | | (2.1) | | | — | | | (2.1) | | | — | |
Settlements | Settlements | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | Settlements | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Paydowns, maturities and distributions | Paydowns, maturities and distributions | | (0.1) | | | (1.1) | | | (21.0) | | | (22.2) | | | — | | | (22.2) | | | (4.3) | | Paydowns, maturities and distributions | | (0.3) | | | (11.5) | | | (3.5) | | | (15.3) | | | — | | | (15.3) | | | (2.5) | |
Ending balance, September 30, 2021 | | $ | 58.2 | | | $ | 205.0 | | | $ | 98.5 | | | $ | 361.7 | | | $ | 0.4 | | | $ | 362.1 | | | $ | 106.7 | | |
Ending balance, June 30, 2022 | | Ending balance, June 30, 2022 | | $ | 51.0 | | | $ | 270.5 | | | $ | 97.1 | | | $ | 418.6 | | | $ | 1.4 | | | $ | 420.0 | | | $ | 93.2 | |
| Beginning balance, January 1, 2021 | | $ | 59.6 | | | $ | 155.8 | | | $ | 139.4 | | | $ | 354.8 | | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | 355.1 | | | $ | 104.5 | | |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2022 | | Beginning balance, January 1, 2022 | | $ | 60.8 | | | $ | 210.3 | | | $ | 98.9 | | | $ | 370.0 | | | $ | 1.4 | | | $ | 371.4 | | | $ | 106.6 | |
Transfers into Level 3(3) | Transfers into Level 3(3) | | — | | | 108.3 | | | 10.2 | | | 118.5 | | | — | | | 118.5 | | | — | | Transfers into Level 3(3) | | — | | | 123.4 | | | 22.3 | | | 145.7 | | | — | | | 145.7 | | | — | |
Transfers out of Level 3(3) | Transfers out of Level 3(3) | | — | | | (56.7) | | | (19.2) | | | (75.9) | | | — | | | (75.9) | | | — | | Transfers out of Level 3(3) | | (3.2) | | | — | | | (4.8) | | | (8.0) | | | — | | | (8.0) | | | — | |
Total gains or losses | Total gains or losses | | Total gains or losses | |
Net investment gains (losses) included in net income related to financial assets | Net investment gains (losses) included in net income related to financial assets | | — | | | — | | | (7.7) | | | (7.7) | | | 0.1 | | | (7.6) | | | — | | Net investment gains (losses) included in net income related to financial assets | | — | | | — | | | (2.3) | | | (2.3) | | | — | | | (2.3) | | | — | |
Net investment (gains) losses included in net income related to financial liabilities | Net investment (gains) losses included in net income related to financial liabilities | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 8.2 | | Net investment (gains) losses included in net income related to financial liabilities | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (9.8) | |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) included in OCI | Net unrealized investment gains (losses) included in OCI | | (0.9) | | | 1.0 | | | 8.7 | | | 8.8 | | | — | | | 8.8 | | | — | | Net unrealized investment gains (losses) included in OCI | | (6.2) | | | (11.3) | | | (7.4) | | | (24.9) | | | — | | | (24.9) | | | — | |
Purchases | Purchases | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | Purchases | | — | | | 4.9 | | | — | | | 4.9 | | | — | | | 4.9 | | | — | |
Issuances | Issuances | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 3.3 | | Issuances | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 2.1 | |
Sales | Sales | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | Sales | | — | | | — | | | (2.1) | | | (2.1) | | | — | | | (2.1) | | | — | |
Settlements | Settlements | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | Settlements | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Paydowns, maturities and distributions | Paydowns, maturities and distributions | | (0.5) | | | (3.4) | | | (32.9) | | | (36.8) | | | — | | | (36.8) | | | (9.3) | | Paydowns, maturities and distributions | | (0.4) | | | (56.8) | | | (7.5) | | | (64.7) | | | — | | | (64.7) | | | (5.7) | |
Ending balance, September 30, 2021 | | $ | 58.2 | | | $ | 205.0 | | | $ | 98.5 | | | $ | 361.7 | | | $ | 0.4 | | | $ | 362.1 | | | $ | 106.7 | | |
Ending balance, June 30, 2022 | | Ending balance, June 30, 2022 | | $ | 51.0 | | | $ | 270.5 | | | $ | 97.1 | | | $ | 418.6 | | | $ | 1.4 | | | $ | 420.0 | | | $ | 93.2 | |
(1)Represents embedded derivatives, all related to the Company's fixed indexed annuity products, reported in Other policyholder funds in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(2)Includes U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations for mortgage-backed securities and other asset-backed securities.
(3)Transfers into and out of Level 3 during the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2022 and 2021 were attributablerelated to changes in the availabilityprimary pricing source and changes in observability of observable marketexternal information for individual fixed maturity securities.used in determining fair value. The Company's policy is to recognize transfers into and out of the levels as having occurred at the end of the reporting period in which the transfers were determined.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 1517 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 4 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments (continued)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | Financial Assets | | Financial Liabilities(1) |
| | Municipal Bonds | | Corporate Bonds | |
Mortgage-Backed and Other Asset- Backed Securities(2) | | Total Fixed Maturity Securities | | Equity Securities | | Total | | |
Beginning balance, July 1, 2020 | | $ | 73.2 | | | $ | 126.3 | | | $ | 200.1 | | | $ | 399.6 | | | $ | 0.1 | | | $ | 399.7 | | | $ | 93.6 | |
Transfers into Level 3(3) | | 6.2 | | | 6.8 | | | 8.7 | | | 21.7 | | | — | | | 21.7 | | | — | |
Transfers out of Level 3(3) | | (16.7) | | | (12.5) | | | (71.0) | | | (100.2) | | | — | | | (100.2) | | | — | |
Total gains or losses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net investment gains (losses) included in net income related to financial assets | | — | | | — | | | (0.3) | | | (0.3) | | | — | | | (0.3) | | | — | |
Net investment (gains) losses included in net income related to financial liabilities | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 4.4 | |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) included in OCI | | 3.2 | | | 0.5 | | | 6.3 | | | 10.0 | | | — | | | 10.0 | | | — | |
Purchases | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Issuances | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 2.0 | |
Sales | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Settlements | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Paydowns, maturities and distributions | | (0.2) | | | 0.1 | | | (3.1) | | | (3.2) | | | — | | | (3.2) | | | (1.9) | |
Ending balance, September 30, 2020 | | $ | 65.7 | | | $ | 121.2 | | | $ | 140.7 | | | $ | 327.6 | | | $ | 0.1 | | | $ | 327.7 | | | $ | 98.1 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2020 | | $ | 44.3 | | | $ | 104.0 | | | $ | 146.8 | | | $ | 295.1 | | | $ | 0.1 | | | $ | 295.2 | | | $ | 93.7 | |
Transfers into Level 3(3) | | 80.7 | | | 39.6 | | | 95.4 | | | 215.7 | | | — | | | 215.7 | | | — | |
Transfers out of Level 3(3) | | (62.6) | | | (26.7) | | | (77.4) | | | (166.7) | | | — | | | (166.7) | | | — | |
Total gains or losses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net investment gains (losses) included in net income related to financial assets | | — | | | — | | | (0.3) | | | (0.3) | | | — | | | (0.3) | | | — | |
Net investment (gains) losses included in net income related to financial liabilities | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 5.3 | |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) included in OCI | | 4.0 | | | 0.3 | | | (14.8) | | | (10.5) | | | — | | | (10.5) | | | — | |
Purchases | | — | | | 6.9 | | | 1.9 | | | 8.8 | | | — | | | 8.8 | | | — | |
Issuances | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 5.9 | |
Sales | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Settlements | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Paydowns, maturities and distributions | | (0.7) | | | (2.9) | | | (10.9) | | | (14.5) | | | — | | | (14.5) | | | (6.8) | |
Ending balance, September 30, 2020 | | $ | 65.7 | | | $ | 121.2 | | | $ | 140.7 | | | $ | 327.6 | | | $ | 0.1 | | | $ | 327.7 | | | $ | 98.1 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | Financial Assets | | Financial Liabilities(1) |
| | Municipal Bonds | | Corporate Bonds | |
Mortgage-Backed and Other Asset- Backed Securities(2) | | Total Fixed Maturity Securities | | Equity Securities | | Total | | |
Beginning balance, April 1, 2021 | | $ | 58.6 | | | $ | 149.1 | | | $ | 132.2 | | | $ | 339.9 | | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | 340.2 | | | $ | 107.6 | |
Transfers into Level 3(3) | | — | | | 28.5 | | | 3.1 | | | 31.6 | | | — | | | 31.6 | | | — | |
Transfers out of Level 3(3) | | — | | | (29.4) | | | (13.3) | | | (42.7) | | | — | | | (42.7) | | | — | |
Total gains or losses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net investment gains (losses) included in net income related to financial assets | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Net investment (gains) losses included in net income related to financial liabilities | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 3.2 | |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) included in OCI | | 0.3 | | | 3.2 | | | 1.3 | | | 4.8 | | | — | | | 4.8 | | | — | |
Purchases | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Issuances | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1.2 | |
Sales | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Settlements | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Paydowns, maturities and distributions | | (0.3) | | | (0.9) | | | (7.8) | | | (9.0) | | | — | | | (9.0) | | | (3.1) | |
Ending balance, June 30, 2021 | | $ | 58.6 | | | $ | 150.5 | | | $ | 115.5 | | | $ | 324.6 | | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | 324.9 | | | $ | 108.9 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2021 | | $ | 59.6 | | | $ | 155.8 | | | $ | 139.4 | | | $ | 354.8 | | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | 355.1 | | | $ | 104.5 | |
Transfers into Level 3(3) | | — | | | 52.6 | | | 6.2 | | | 58.8 | | | — | | | 58.8 | | | — | |
Transfers out of Level 3(3) | | — | | | (56.7) | | | (19.2) | | | (75.9) | | | — | | | (75.9) | | | — | |
Total gains or losses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net investment gains (losses) included in net income related to financial assets | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Net investment (gains) losses included in net income related to financial liabilities | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 7.5 | |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) included in OCI | | (0.6) | | | 1.2 | | | 1.0 | | | 1.6 | | | — | | | 1.6 | | | — | |
Purchases | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Issuances | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1.9 | |
Sales | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Settlements | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Paydowns, maturities and distributions | | (0.4) | | | (2.4) | | | (11.9) | | | (14.7) | | | — | | | (14.7) | | | (5.0) | |
Ending balance, June 30, 2021 | | $ | 58.6 | | | $ | 150.5 | | | $ | 115.5 | | | $ | 324.6 | | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | 324.9 | | | $ | 108.9 | |
(1)Represents embedded derivatives, all related to the Company's fixed indexed annuity products, reported in Other policyholder funds in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(2) Includes U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations for mortgage-backed securities and other asset-backed securities.
(3) Transfers into and out of Level 3 during the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20202021 were attributable to changes in the availability of observable market information for individual fixed maturity securities. The Company's policy is to recognize transfers into and out of the levels as having occurred at the end of the reporting period in which the transfers were determined.
For the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, the Company had net investment losses of $6.5$1.3 million and $7.6$2.3 million respectively, that were included in net income and were primarily attributable to credit loss impairments for Level 3 financial assets; for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company had $0.3 million of net investment losses on Level 3 financial assets, respectively, that were included in net income.assets. For the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, the Company had net investment lossesgains of $0.7$4.6 million and $8.2$9.8 million respectively, that were included in net income and were attributable to changes in the fair value of Level 3 financial liabilities; for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the respective net investment losses were $4.4 million and $5.3 million.liabilities.
| | | | | | | | |
Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 1618 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 4 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments (continued)
Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
The following table provides quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs for recurring fair value measurements categorized within Level 3.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) |
Financial Assets | | Fair Value at
September 30, 2021
| | Valuation Technique(s) | | Unobservable Inputs | | Range
(Weighted Average)
and Single Point Best Estimate(1)
|
Municipal bonds | | $ | 58.2 | | | discounted cash flow | | I spread(2)
| | 307 - 391 bps |
Corporate bonds | | 205.0 | | | discounted cash flow | | N spread(3)
| | 272 - 553 bps |
| | | | market comparable | | option adjusted spread | | 12.54% |
Other asset-backed securities | | 98.5 | | | vendor price | | haircut | | 3.00% - 5.00% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | constant prepayment rate | | 20.00% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | T spread(4)
| | 235 - 800 bps |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | PDI interest margin(5)
| | 7.13% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | SBL interest margin(6)
| | 4.50% |
Equity securities | | 0.4 | | | Black Scholes | | equity value | | low - 28.00%; high - 35.00% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) |
Financial Assets | | Fair Value at June 30, 2022 | | Valuation Technique(s) | | Unobservable Inputs | | Range (Weighted Average) and Single Point Best Estimate(1) |
Municipal bonds | | $ | 51.0 | | | discounted cash flow | | option adjusted spread | | 309 - 425 bps |
Corporate bonds | | 270.5 | | | discounted cash flow | | N spread(2) | | 363 bps |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | T spread(3) | | 16 - 403 bps |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | yield | | 3.8% - 10.6% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | exit cap rate | | 6.20% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | occupancy rate | | 31.0% - 100.0% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | option adjusted spread | | 242 - 393 |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | weighted average cost of capital | | 0.05 |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | discount rate | | 11.3% - 12.0% |
| | | | market comparable | | EV / Fwd EBITDA (x) | | 5.9x |
Mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities | | 97.1 | | | discounted cash flow | | discount margin | | 22.9% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | discount rate | | 15.5% - 20.5% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | median comparable yield | | 12.9% - 25.0% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | yield | | 5.6% - 7.3% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | libor | | 1.0% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | PDI spread | | 6.8% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | SBL spread | | 4.5% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | weighting | | 17.0% - 83.0% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | CPR | | 20.0% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | default rate annual | | 4.0% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | recovery | | 65.0% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | N spread | | 416 bps |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | T Spread | | 272 bps |
Equity securities | | 1.4 | | black scholes | | volatility | | low 30.0% - high 46.0% |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | variable square per unit | | $21,544 - $38,345 |
| | | | discounted cash flow | | variable square meter | | $100.00 - $624.19 |
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) |
Financial Liabilities | Financial Liabilities | | Fair Value at September 30, 2021 | | Valuation Technique(s) | | Unobservable Inputs | | Range (Weighted Average) and Single Point Best Estimate(1) | Financial Liabilities | | Fair Value at June 30, 2022 | | Valuation Technique(s) | | Unobservable Inputs | | Range (Weighted Average) and Single Point Best Estimate(1) |
Derivatives embedded in fixed indexed annuity products | Derivatives embedded in fixed indexed annuity products | | $ | 106.7 | | | discounted cash flow | | lapse rate | | 5.30% | Derivatives embedded in fixed indexed annuity products | | $ | 93.2 | | | discounted cash flow | | lapse rate | | 5.3% |
| | mortality multiplier(7) | | 63.00% | | mortality multiplier(4) | | 66.8% |
| | | | option budget | | 0.90% - 2.50% | | | | option budget | | 0.9% - 2.5% |
| | non-performance adjustment(8) | | 5.00% | | non-performance adjustment(5) | | 5.0% |
(1) When a range of unobservable inputs is not readily available, the Company uses a single point best estimate.
(2) "I spread" is the interpolated weighted average life point on the "on the run" (OTR) point of the curve.
(3) "N spread" is the interpolated weighted average life point on the swap curve.
(4)(3) "T spread" is a specific point on the OTR curve.
(5) "PDI" stands for private debt investment.
(6) "SBL" stands for broadly syndicated loans.
(7)(4) Mortality multiplier is applied to the Annuity 2000 table.
(8)(5) Determined as a percentage of athe risk-free rate.
| | | | | | | | |
Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 19 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 4 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments (continued)
The valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement for financial assets and financial liabilities classified as Level 3 are subject to the control processes as described in Part II - Item 8, Note 34 in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2021. Generally, valuation techniques for fixed maturity securities include spread pricing, matrix pricing and discounted cash flow methodologies; include inputs such as quoted prices for identical or similar securities that are less liquid; and are based on lower levels of trading activity than securities classified as Level 2. The valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement for equity securities classified as Level 3 use similar valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs as those used for fixed maturity securities.
| | | | | | | | |
Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 17 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 4 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments (continued)
The sensitivity of the estimated fair values to changes in the significant unobservable inputs for fixed maturity and equity securities included in Level 3 include: benchmark yield, liquidity premium, estimated cash flows, prepayment and default speeds, spreads, weighted average life and credit rating. Significant spread widening in isolation will adversely impact the overall valuation, while significant tightening will lead to substantial valuation increases. Significant increases (decreases) in illiquidity premiums in isolation will result in substantially lower (higher) valuations. Significant increases (decreases) in expected default rates in isolation will result in substantially lower (higher) valuations.
Financial Instruments Not Carried at Fair Value
The Company has various other financial assets and financial liabilities used in the normal course of business that are not carried at fair value, but for which fair value disclosure is required. These financial assets and financial liabilities are further described in Part II - Item 8, Note 34 in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2021. The following table presents the carrying amount, fair value and fair value hierarchy of these financial assets and financial liabilities.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | Carrying Amount | | Fair Value | | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using |
| | | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 |
September 30, 2021 | | | | | | | | | | |
Financial Assets | | | | | | | | | | |
Other investments | | $ | 156.2 | | | $ | 159.8 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 159.8 | |
Deposit asset on reinsurance | | 2,477.9 | | | 2,945.0 | | | — | | | — | | | 2,945.0 | |
Financial Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment contract and policy reserves, fixed annuity contracts | | 4,942.5 | | | 5,063.0 | | | — | | | — | | | 5,063.0 | |
Investment contract and policy reserves, account values on life contracts | | 103.2 | | | 112.6 | | | — | | | — | | | 112.6 | |
Other policyholder funds | | 887.6 | | | 887.6 | | | — | | | 832.7 | | | 54.9 | |
Short-term debt | | 135.0 | | | 135.0 | | | — | | | — | | | 135.0 | |
Long-term debt | | 253.6 | | | 282.1 | | | — | | | 282.1 | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2020 | | | | | | | | | | |
Financial Assets | | | | | | | | | | |
Other investments | | $ | 168.3 | | | $ | 172.1 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 172.1 | |
Deposit asset on reinsurance | | 2,420.9 | | | 3,030.6 | | | — | | | — | | | 3,030.6 | |
Financial Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment contract and policy reserves, fixed annuity contracts | | 4,847.6 | | | 4,963.3 | | | — | | | — | | | 4,963.3 | |
Investment contract and policy reserves, account values on life contracts | | 98.7 | | | 108.4 | | | — | | | — | | | 108.4 | |
Other policyholder funds | | 646.8 | | | 646.8 | | | — | | | 590.7 | | | 56.1 | |
Short-term debt | | 135.0 | | | 135.0 | | | — | | | — | | | 135.0 | |
Long-term debt | | 302.3 | | | 331.1 | | | — | | | 331.1 | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | Carrying Amount | | Fair Value | | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using |
| | | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 |
June 30, 2022 | | | | | | | | | | |
Financial Assets | | | | | | | | | | |
Other investments | | $ | 171.8 | | | $ | 175.2 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 175.2 | |
Deposit asset on reinsurance | | 2,507.1 | | | 2,338.5 | | | — | | | — | | | 2,338.5 | |
Financial Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment contract and policy reserves, fixed annuity contracts | | 4,986.4 | | | 5,049.7 | | | — | | | — | | | 5,049.7 | |
Investment contract and policy reserves, account values on life contracts | | 108.0 | | | 117.9 | | | — | | | — | | | 117.9 | |
Other policyholder funds | | 934.4 | | | 934.4 | | | — | | | 867.3 | | | 67.1 | |
Short-term debt | | 249.0 | | | 249.0 | | | — | | | — | | | 249.0 | |
Long-term debt | | 248.8 | | | 249.7 | | | — | | | 249.7 | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2021 | | | | | | | | | | |
Financial Assets | | | | | | | | | | |
Other investments | | $ | 148.8 | | | $ | 152.4 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 152.4 | |
Deposit asset on reinsurance | | 2,481.5 | | | 2,935.1 | | | — | | | — | | | 2,935.1 | |
Financial Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment contract and policy reserves, fixed annuity contracts | | 4,941.3 | | | 5,004.9 | | | — | | | — | | | 5,004.9 | |
Investment contract and policy reserves, account values on life contracts | | 105.4 | | | 115.4 | | | — | | | — | | | 115.4 | |
Other policyholder funds | | 839.3 | | | 839.3 | | | — | | | 782.8 | | | 56.5 | |
Short-term debt | | 249.0 | | | 249.0 | | | — | | | — | | | 249.0 | |
Long-term debt | | 253.6 | | | 277.4 | | | — | | | 277.4 | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 1820 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 5 - Deposit Asset on Reinsurance
The Company reinsures a $3.2 billion block of in force fixed and variable annuity business with a minimum crediting rate of 4.5%. The reinsured fixed business represents approximately 50% of the Company’s in force fixed annuity account balances. The arrangement contains investment guidelines and a trust to help meet the Company’s risk management objectives.
Under the annuity reinsurance agreement, approximately $2.4 billion of fixed annuity reserves are reinsured on a coinsurance basis. The separate account assets and liabilities of approximately $0.8 billion are reinsured on a modified coinsurance basis and thus, remain on the Company's consolidated financial statements, but the related results of operations are fully reinsured.
The annuity reinsurance agreement does not expose the reinsurer to a reasonable possibility of a significant loss from insurance risk. Therefore, the Company recognizes the reinsurance agreement using the deposit method of accounting. The assets transferred to the reinsurer as consideration paid is reported as a Deposit asset on reinsurance on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. As amounts are received or paid, consistent with the underlying reinsured contracts, the Deposit asset on reinsurance is adjusted. The Deposit asset on reinsurance is accreted to the estimated ultimate cash flows using the interest method and the adjustment is reported as Net investment income. Interest accreted on the Deposit asset on reinsurance was $25.6 million and $75.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. Interest accreted on the Deposit asset on reinsurance was $24.5 million and $72.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.
NOTE 65 - Goodwill and Intangible Assets
The Company conducts impairment testing for goodwill and intangible assets at least annually, or more often if events, changes or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. See Part II - Item 8, Note 1 in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20202021 for further description ofmore information regarding impairment testing.
There were no changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reporting unit for the three months ended September 30, 2021. The carrying amount of goodwill by reporting unit as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 was as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | September 30, 2021 | | | | | | |
Property and Casualty | | $ | 9.5 | | | | | | | |
Supplemental | | 19.6 | | | | | | | |
Retirement | | 4.5 | | | | | | | |
Life | | 9.9 | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 43.5 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | December 31, 2021 | | Impairment | | Acquisition | | June 30, 2022 |
Property & Casualty | | $ | 9.5 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 9.5 | |
Life & Retirement | | 14.4 | | | — | | | — | | | 14.4 | |
Supplemental & Group Benefits | | 19.6 | | | — | | | 12.8 | | | 32.4 | |
Total | | $ | 43.5 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 12.8 | | | $ | 56.3 | |
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, the outstanding amounts of definite-lived intangible assets subject to amortization are attributable to the acquisitions of Benefit Consultants Group, Inc. (BCG) and NTA Life Enterprises, LLC (NTA) during 2019. The2019, as well as the acquisition of Madison National during 2022. The acquisitions of BCG, NTA and Madison National resulted in initial recognition of definite-lived intangible assets subject to amortization in the amountamounts of $14.1 million, $160.4 million and the acquisition of NTA resulted in initial recognition of definite-lived intangible assets subject to amortization in the amount of $160.4 million.$56.5 million, respectively. As of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 the outstanding amounts of definite-lived intangible assets subject to amortization were as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 19 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 6 - Goodwill and Intangible Assets (continued)
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Weighted Average | | ($ in millions) | | Weighted Average | |
| | Useful Life (in Years) | | | Useful Life (in Years) | |
At inception: | At inception: | | | | At inception: | | | |
Value of business acquired | Value of business acquired | | 30 | | $ | 94.4 | | Value of business acquired | | 28 | | $ | 100.1 | |
Value of distribution acquired | Value of distribution acquired | | 17 | | 54.0 | | Value of distribution acquired | | 17 | | 54.0 | |
Value of agency relationships | Value of agency relationships | | 14 | | 17.0 | | Value of agency relationships | | 14 | | 17.0 | |
Value of customer relationships | Value of customer relationships | | 10 | | 9.1 | | Value of customer relationships | | 10 | | 59.9 | |
Total | Total | | 23 | | 174.5 | | Total | | 20 | | 231.0 | |
Accumulated amortization and impairments: | Accumulated amortization and impairments: | | Accumulated amortization and impairments: | |
Value of business acquired | Value of business acquired | | (15.9) | | Value of business acquired | | (23.5) | |
Value of distribution acquired | Value of distribution acquired | | (10.9) | | Value of distribution acquired | | (13.1) | |
Value of agency relationships | Value of agency relationships | | (5.7) | | Value of agency relationships | | (7.2) | |
Value of customer relationships | Value of customer relationships | | (4.1) | | Value of customer relationships | | (4.6) | |
Total | Total | | (36.6) | | Total | | (48.4) | |
Net intangible assets subject to amortization: | Net intangible assets subject to amortization: | | | $ | 137.9 | | Net intangible assets subject to amortization: | | | $ | 182.6 | |
With regards to the definite-lived intangible assets in the table above, the value of business acquired intangible asset represents the present value of the expected underwriting profit within policies that were in force on the date of acquisition. The value of distribution acquired intangible asset represents the present value of future business to be written by the existing agency force. The value of agency relationships intangible asset represents the present value of the commission overrides retained by NTA. The value of customer relationships intangible asset represents the present value of the expected profits from existing BCG customers in force at the date of acquisition.acquisition as well as the present value of future business to be produced by Madison National's existing independent producing brokers. All of the aforementioned definite-lived intangible assets were valued using the income approach.
| | | | | | | | |
Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 21 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 5 - Goodwill and Intangible Assets (continued)
Estimated future amortization of the Company's definite-lived intangible assets were as follows:
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | ($ in millions) | |
Year Ending December 31, | Year Ending December 31, | | Year Ending December 31, | |
2021 (excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2021) | | $ | 3.2 | | |
2022 | | 12.1 | | |
2022 (excluding the six months ended June 30, 2022) | | 2022 (excluding the six months ended June 30, 2022) | | $ | 8.3 | |
2023 | 2023 | | 11.2 | | 2023 | | 15.5 | |
2024 | 2024 | | 10.5 | | 2024 | | 15.1 | |
2025 | 2025 | | 9.8 | | 2025 | | 14.8 | |
2026 | | 2026 | | 14.5 | |
Thereafter | Thereafter | | 91.1 | | Thereafter | | 114.4 | |
Total | Total | | $ | 137.9 | | Total | | $ | 182.6 | |
The value of business acquired intangible asset is being amortized by product based on the present value of future premiums to be received. The value of distribution acquired intangible asset is being amortized on a straight-line basis. The value of agency relationships intangible asset is being amortized based on the present value of future premiums to be received. The value of customer relationships intangible asset isassets are being amortized based on the present value of future profits to be received.received for BCG and based on the present value of future premiums for Madison National.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets (not subject to amortization) as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 were as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | |
Trade names | | $ | 7.9 | |
State licenses | | 2.95.9 | |
Total | | $ | 10.813.8 | |
The trade names intangible asset represents the present value of future savings accruing to NTA and BCG by virtue of not having to pay royalties for the use of the trade names, valued using the relief from royalty method. The state licenses intangible asset represents the regulatory licenses held by NTA and Madison National that were valued using the cost approach.
| | | | | | | | |
Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 2022 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 76 - Unpaid Claims and Claim Expenses
The following table is a summary reconciliation of the beginning and ending Property and& Casualty unpaid claims and claim expense reserves for the periods indicated. The table presents reserves on both a gross and net (after reinsurance) basis. The total net Property and& Casualty insurance claims and claim expense incurred amounts are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The end of the period gross reserve (before reinsurance) balances and the reinsurance recoverable balances are reflected on a gross basis in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Property and Casualty | | | | | | | | | |
Property & Casualty | | Property & Casualty | | | | | | | | |
Beginning gross reserves(1) | Beginning gross reserves(1) | | $ | 368.4 | | | $ | 388.5 | | | $ | 372.2 | | | $ | 387.0 | | Beginning gross reserves(1) | | $ | 356.2 | | | $ | 374.1 | | | $ | 362.4 | | | $ | 372.2 | |
Less: reinsurance recoverables | Less: reinsurance recoverables | | 108.9 | | | 116.1 | | | 112.9 | | | 120.5 | | Less: reinsurance recoverables | | 108.0 | | | 112.5 | | | 110.3 | | | 112.9 | |
Net reserves, beginning of period(2) | Net reserves, beginning of period(2) | | 259.5 | | | 272.4 | | | 259.3 | | | 266.5 | | Net reserves, beginning of period(2) | | 248.2 | | | 261.6 | | | 252.1 | | | 259.3 | |
Incurred claims and claim expenses: | Incurred claims and claim expenses: | | | | | | | | | Incurred claims and claim expenses: | | | | | | | | |
Claims occurring in the current period | Claims occurring in the current period | | 132.5 | | | 125.6 | | | 345.4 | | | 340.2 | | Claims occurring in the current period | | 144.1 | | | 118.1 | | | 252.4 | | | 212.9 | |
Decrease in estimated reserves for claims occurring in prior periods(3) | | (3.0) | | | (7.2) | | | (7.2) | | | (9.2) | | |
Increase (decrease) in estimated reserves for claims occurring in prior periods(3) | | Increase (decrease) in estimated reserves for claims occurring in prior periods(3) | | 6.0 | | | (4.2) | | | 6.0 | | | (4.2) | |
Total claims and claim expenses incurred(4) | Total claims and claim expenses incurred(4) | | 129.5 | | | 118.4 | | | 338.2 | | | 331.0 | | Total claims and claim expenses incurred(4) | | 150.1 | | | 113.9 | | | 258.4 | | | 208.7 | |
Claims and claim expense payments for claims occurring during: | Claims and claim expense payments for claims occurring during: | | | | | | | | | Claims and claim expense payments for claims occurring during: | | | | | | | | |
Current period | Current period | | 96.8 | | | 91.0 | | | 210.3 | | | 195.9 | | Current period | | 84.4 | | | 79.1 | | | 118.2 | | | 113.5 | |
Prior periods | Prior periods | | 26.4 | | | 19.3 | | | 121.4 | | | 121.1 | | Prior periods | | 45.3 | | | 36.9 | | | 123.7 | | | 95.0 | |
Total claims and claim expense payments | Total claims and claim expense payments | | 123.2 | | | 110.3 | | | 331.7 | | | 317.0 | | Total claims and claim expense payments | | 129.7 | | | 116.0 | | | 241.9 | | | 208.5 | |
Net reserves, end of period(2) | Net reserves, end of period(2) | | 265.8 | | | 280.5 | | | 265.8 | | | 280.5 | | Net reserves, end of period(2) | | 268.6 | | | 259.5 | | | 268.6 | | | 259.5 | |
Plus: reinsurance recoverables | Plus: reinsurance recoverables | | 109.6 | | | 114.8 | | | 109.6 | | | 114.8 | | Plus: reinsurance recoverables | | 109.8 | | | 108.9 | | | 109.8 | | | 108.9 | |
Ending gross reserves(1) | Ending gross reserves(1) | | $ | 375.4 | | | $ | 395.3 | | | $ | 375.4 | | | $ | 395.3 | | Ending gross reserves(1) | | $ | 378.4 | | | $ | 368.4 | | | $ | 378.4 | | | $ | 368.4 | |
(1)Unpaid claims and claim expenses as reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets also include reserves for Supplemental,Life & Retirement and LifeSupplemental & Group Benefits of $64.7$112.1 million and $59.2$65.2 million as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and 2020,2021, respectively, in addition to Property and& Casualty reserves.
(2)Reserves net of anticipated reinsurance recoverables.
(3)Shows the amounts by which the Company decreasedincreased (decreased) its reserves in each of the periods indicated for claims occurring in previous periods to reflect subsequent information on such claims and changes in their projected final settlement costs.
(4)Benefits, claims and settlement expenses as reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations also include amounts for Supplemental,Life & Retirement and LifeSupplemental & Group Benefits of $35.3$57.5 million and$108.0 $126.2 million for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, respectively, in addition to Property and& Casualty amounts. Benefits, claims and settlement expenses as reported in the Consolidate Statements of Operations also include amounts for Supplemental,Life & Retirement and LifeSupplemental & Group Benefits of $33.0$33.2 million and$102.1 $72.7 million for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2020, respectively, in addition to Property and Casualty amounts.2021, respectively.
Net favorable developmentDevelopment of total reserves for Property and& Casualty claims occurring in prior years was $7.2$6.0 million net unfavorable and $9.2$4.2 million net favorable for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The unfavorable development for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was the result of unfavorable loss trends in auto offset by favorable loss trends in homeowners loss emergence for accident years 2021 and 2020, respectively.prior. The favorable development for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021 was the result of favorable loss trends in automobileauto and homeowners loss emergence for accident years 2020 and prior. The favorable development for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was the result of favorable loss trends in automobile and homeowners loss emergence for accident years 2019 and prior; including $5.2 million of subrogation received largely related to the 2018 Camp Fire in California.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 2123 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
The Company recognizes the cost of reinsurance premiums over the contract periods for such premiums in proportion to the insurance protection provided. Amounts recoverable from reinsurers for unpaid claims and claim settlement expenses, including estimated amounts for unsettled claims, claims incurred but not yet reported and policy benefits, are estimated in a manner consistent with the insurance liability associated with the policy. The effects of reinsurance on net premiums written and contract deposits; net premiums and contract charges earned; and benefits, claims and settlement expenses were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | Gross Amount | | Ceded to Other Companies(1) | | Assumed from Other Companies | | Net Amount |
Three months ended September 30, 2021 | | | | | | | | |
Premiums written and contract deposits(2) | | $ | 366.0 | | | $ | 5.5 | | | $ | 2.6 | | | $ | 363.1 | |
Premiums and contract charges earned | | 230.9 | | | 8.1 | | | 2.6 | | | 225.4 | |
Benefits, claims and settlement expenses | | 164.5 | | | 1.5 | | | 1.8 | | | 164.8 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Three months ended September 30, 2020 | | | | | | | | |
Premiums written and contract deposits(2) | | $ | 368.6 | | | $ | 2.1 | | | $ | 2.4 | | | $ | 368.9 | |
Premiums and contract charges earned | | 237.1 | | | 4.2 | | | 2.4 | | | 235.3 | |
Benefits, claims and settlement expenses | | 59.4 | | | (90.1) | | | 1.9 | | | 151.4 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Nine months ended September 30, 2021 | | | | | | | | |
Premiums written and contract deposits(2) | | $ | 1,037.8 | | | $ | 17.0 | | | $ | 6.6 | | | $ | 1,027.4 | |
Premiums and contract charges earned | | 696.6 | | | 24.6 | | | 6.8 | | | 678.8 | |
Benefits, claims and settlement expenses | | 444.7 | | | 3.0 | | | 4.5 | | | 446.2 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Nine months ended September 30, 2020 | | | | | | | | |
Premiums written and contract deposits(2) | | $ | 1,034.7 | | | $ | 14.8 | | | $ | 6.9 | | | $ | 1,026.8 | |
Premiums and contract charges earned | | 710.9 | | | 20.9 | | | 7.0 | | | 697.0 | |
Benefits, claims and settlement expenses | | 342.2 | | | (85.8) | | | 5.1 | | | 433.1 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | Direct Amount | | Ceded to Other Companies(1) | | Assumed from Other Companies | | Net Amount |
Three months ended June 30, 2022 | | | | | | | | |
Net premiums written and contract deposits(2) | | $ | 374.5 | | | $ | 16.4 | | | $ | 13.7 | | | $ | 371.8 | |
Net premiums and contract charges earned | | 260.9 | | | 18.7 | | | 13.6 | | | 255.8 | |
Benefits, claims and settlement expenses | | 220.6 | | | 14.3 | | | 1.3 | | | 207.6 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Three months ended June 30, 2021 | | | | | | | | |
Net premiums written and contract deposits(2) | | $ | 351.2 | | | $ | 5.6 | | | $ | 2.5 | | | $ | 348.1 | |
Net premiums and contract charges earned | | 231.5 | | | 8.1 | | | 2.4 | | | 225.8 | |
Benefits, claims and settlement expenses | | 144.6 | | | (1.0) | | | 1.5 | | | 147.1 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Six months ended June 30, 2022 | | | | | | | | |
Net premiums written and contract deposits(2) | | $ | 734.1 | | | $ | 31.3 | | | $ | 26.1 | | | $ | 728.9 | |
Net premiums and contract charges earned | | 521.4 | | | 35.9 | | | 26.2 | | | 511.7 | |
Benefits, claims and settlement expenses | | 400.1 | | | 25.8 | | | 10.3 | | | 384.6 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Six months ended June 30, 2021 | | | | | | | | |
Net premiums written and contract deposits(2) | | $ | 671.8 | | | $ | 11.5 | | | $ | 4.0 | | | $ | 664.3 | |
Net premiums and contract charges earned | | 465.7 | | | 16.5 | | | 4.2 | | | 453.4 | |
Benefits, claims and settlement expenses | | 280.2 | | | 1.5 | | | 2.7 | | | 281.4 | |
(1) Excludes the annuity reinsurance transaction accounted for using the deposit method that is discussed in Note 5.method.
(2) This measure is not based on accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (non-GAAP). An explanation of this non-GAAP measure is contained in the Glossary of Selected Terms included as Exhibit 99.1 in the Company's reports filed with the SEC.
NOTE 98 - Commitments
Investment Commitments
The Company has outstanding commitments to fund investments primarily in limited partnership interests. Such unfunded commitments were $911.4$862.0 million and $571.9$858.1 million as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and December 31, 2020,2021, respectively.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 2224 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 109 - Segment Information
The Company conducts and manages its business through 54 segments. The 43 operating segments, representing the major lines of business, are: (1) Property and& Casualty (primarily personal lines of automobileauto and property insurance products), (2) Life & Retirement (primarily tax-qualified fixed and variable annuities as well as life insurance products), and (3) Supplemental & Group Benefits (primarily cancer, heart, hospital, supplemental disability, accident, short-term and accidentlong-term group disability, and group term life coverages), Retirement (primarily tax-qualified fixed and variable annuities) and Life (life insurance products). The Company does not allocate the impact of corporate-level transactions to these operating segments, consistent with the basis for management's evaluation of the results of those segments, but classifies those items in the fifthfourth segment, Corporate and& Other. In addition to ongoing transactions such as corporate debt service, net investment gains (losses) and certain public company expenses, such items in Corporate & Other have also have included corporate debt retirement costs, when applicable.
In 2021 and prior, the Company conducted and managed its business through four operating segments: (1) Property & Casualty, (2) Supplemental, (3) Retirement, and (4) Life. The change in operating segments in 2022 aligns with leadership assignments and how the Company makes operating decisions and assesses performance as well as maintaining discrete financial information to evaluate performance and allocate resources. Accordingly, the presentation of prior period segment information has been reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation.
Summarized financial information for these segments is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
Premiums and contract charges earned | | | | | | | | |
Property and Casualty | | $ | 153.3 | | | $ | 166.0 | | | $ | 464.1 | | | $ | 488.7 | |
Supplemental | | 31.0 | | | 32.5 | | | 94.3 | | | 98.8 | |
Retirement | | 9.9 | | | 7.4 | | | 27.7 | | | 21.5 | |
Life | | 31.2 | | | 29.4 | | | 92.7 | | | 88.0 | |
Total | | $ | 225.4 | | | $ | 235.3 | | | $ | 678.8 | | | $ | 697.0 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net investment income | | | | | | | | |
Property and Casualty | | $ | 11.3 | | | $ | 13.7 | | | $ | 43.8 | | | $ | 30.3 | |
Supplemental | | 7.1 | | | 4.3 | | | 18.7 | | | 11.8 | |
Retirement | | 64.8 | | | 58.1 | | | 187.2 | | | 166.7 | |
Life | | 21.1 | | | 18.2 | | | 60.5 | | | 49.4 | |
Corporate and Other | | — | | | — | | | (0.1) | | | (0.1) | |
Intersegment eliminations | | (0.6) | | | (0.6) | | | (1.7) | | | (1.7) | |
Total | | $ | 103.7 | | | $ | 93.7 | | | $ | 308.4 | | | $ | 256.4 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | | | | | | | |
Property and Casualty | | $ | (4.7) | | | $ | 15.8 | | | $ | 42.5 | | | $ | 53.7 | |
Supplemental | | 11.4 | | | 10.6 | | | 34.8 | | | 30.6 | |
Retirement | | 14.1 | | | 7.8 | | | 36.2 | | | 16.6 | |
Life | | 5.1 | | | 4.3 | | | 10.8 | | | 6.8 | |
Corporate and Other | | (9.6) | | | (2.0) | | | (22.0) | | | (22.2) | |
Total | | $ | 16.3 | | | $ | 36.5 | | | $ | 102.3 | | | $ | 85.5 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Net premiums and contract charges earned | | | | | | | | |
Property & Casualty | | $ | 149.9 | | | $ | 155.0 | | | $ | 300.1 | | | $ | 310.8 | |
Life & Retirement | | 36.8 | | | 38.5 | | | 72.6 | | | 77.9 | |
Supplemental & Group Benefits | | 69.1 | | | 32.3 | | | 139.0 | | | 64.7 | |
Total | | $ | 255.8 | | | $ | 225.8 | | | $ | 511.7 | | | $ | 453.4 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net investment income | | | | | | | | |
Property & Casualty | | $ | 7.7 | | | $ | 21.7 | | | $ | 14.9 | | | $ | 32.5 | |
Life & Retirement | | 88.4 | | | 81.7 | | | 172.6 | | | 161.6 | |
Supplemental & Group Benefits | | 9.6 | | | 6.4 | | | 16.7 | | | 11.8 | |
Corporate & Other | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Intersegment eliminations | | (0.5) | | | (0.6) | | | (1.1) | | | (1.2) | |
Total | | $ | 105.2 | | | $ | 109.2 | | | $ | 203.1 | | | $ | 204.7 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | | | | | | | |
Property & Casualty | | $ | (25.4) | | | $ | 19.3 | | | $ | (16.9) | | | $ | 47.2 | |
Life & Retirement | | 17.3 | | | 16.5 | | | 29.1 | | | 27.9 | |
Supplemental & Group Benefits | | 13.2 | | | 12.0 | | | 24.4 | | | 23.3 | |
Corporate & Other | | (17.6) | | | (1.1) | | | (34.6) | | | (12.4) | |
Total | | $ | (12.5) | | | $ | 46.7 | | | $ | 2.0 | | | $ | 86.0 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | September 30, 2021 | | December 31, 2020 |
Assets | | | | |
Property and Casualty | | $ | 1,269.0 | | | $ | 1,324.9 | |
Supplemental | | 863.8 | | | 811.5 | |
Retirement | | 9,893.4 | | | 9,198.7 | |
Life | | 2,142.6 | | | 2,044.5 | |
Corporate and Other | | 165.4 | | | 182.3 | |
Intersegment eliminations | | (69.2) | | | (90.1) | |
Total | | $ | 14,265.0 | | | $ | 13,471.8 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | June 30, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
Assets | | | | |
Property & Casualty | | $ | 1,063.4 | | | $ | 1,243.4 | |
Life & Retirement | | 11,125.5 | | | 12,064.7 | |
Supplemental & Group Benefits | | 1,450.6 | | | 858.8 | |
Corporate & Other | | 180.7 | | | 281.8 | |
Intersegment eliminations | | (61.7) | | | (64.8) | |
Total | | $ | 13,758.5 | | | $ | 14,383.9 | |
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 2325 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 1110 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
AOCI represents the accumulated change in shareholders’ equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-shareholder sources. For the Company, AOCI includes the after tax change in net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities and the after tax change in net funded status of benefit plans for the periods as shown in the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity. The following table reconciles these components.
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($ in millions) | | Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses) on Securities(1) | | Net Funded Status of Benefit Plans(1) | | Total(1) |
Beginning balance, July 1, 2021 | | $ | 332.2 | | | $ | (11.2) | | | $ | 321.0 | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | | (29.3) | | | — | | | (29.3) | |
Amounts reclassified from AOCI(2) | | 4.0 | | | — | | | 4.0 | |
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) | | (25.3) | | | — | | | (25.3) | |
Ending balance, September 30, 2021 | | $ | 306.9 | | | $ | (11.2) | | | $ | 295.7 | |
| | | | | | |
Beginning balance, July 1, 2020 | | $ | 279.1 | | | $ | (10.7) | | | $ | 268.4 | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | | 54.3 | | | — | | | 54.3 | |
Amounts reclassified from AOCI(3) | | (5.2) | | | — | | | (5.2) | |
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) | | 49.1 | | | — | | | 49.1 | |
Ending balance, September 30, 2020 | | $ | 328.2 | | | $ | (10.7) | | | $ | 317.5 | |
| | | | | | |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2021 | | $ | 366.3 | | | $ | (11.2) | | | $ | 355.1 | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | | (65.0) | | | — | | | (65.0) | |
Amounts reclassified from AOCI(2) | | 5.6 | | | — | | | 5.6 | |
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) | | (59.4) | | | — | | | (59.4) | |
Ending balance, September 30, 2021 | | $ | 306.9 | | | $ | (11.2) | | | $ | 295.7 | |
| | | | | | |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2020 | | $ | 230.4 | | | $ | (10.7) | | | $ | 219.7 | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | | 97.3 | | | — | | | 97.3 | |
Amounts reclassified from AOCI(3) | | 0.5 | | | — | | | 0.5 | |
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) | | 97.8 | | | — | | | 97.8 | |
Ending balance, September 30, 2020 | | $ | 328.2 | | | $ | (10.7) | | | $ | 317.5 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses) on Securities(1) | | Net Funded Status of Benefit Plans(1) | | Total(1) |
Beginning balance, April 1, 2022 | | $ | 20.0 | | | $ | (10.2) | | | $ | 9.8 | |
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications | | (252.7) | | | — | | | (252.7) | |
Amounts reclassified from AOCI(2) | | 12.3 | | | — | | | 12.3 | |
Net current period other comprehensive loss | | (240.4) | | | — | | | (240.4) | |
Ending balance, June 30, 2022 | | $ | (220.4) | | | $ | (10.2) | | | $ | (230.6) | |
| | | | | | |
Beginning balance, April 1, 2021 | | $ | 243.6 | | | $ | (11.2) | | | $ | 232.4 | |
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications | | 93.3 | | | — | | | 93.3 | |
Amounts reclassified from AOCI(3) | | (4.7) | | | — | | | (4.7) | |
Net current period other comprehensive income | | 88.6 | | | — | | | 88.6 | |
Ending balance, June 30, 2021 | | $ | 332.2 | | | $ | (11.2) | | | $ | 321.0 | |
| | | | | | |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2022 | | $ | 290.7 | | | $ | (10.2) | | | $ | 280.5 | |
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications | | (537.5) | | | — | | | (537.5) | |
Amounts reclassified from AOCI(2) | | 26.4 | | | — | | | 26.4 | |
Net current period other comprehensive loss | | (511.1) | | | — | | | (511.1) | |
Ending balance, June 30, 2022 | | $ | (220.4) | | | $ | (10.2) | | | $ | (230.6) | |
| | | | | | |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2021 | | $ | 366.3 | | | $ | (11.2) | | | $ | 355.1 | |
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications | | (35.8) | | | — | | | (35.8) | |
Amounts reclassified from AOCI(3) | | 1.7 | | | — | | | 1.7 | |
Net current period other comprehensive loss | | (34.1) | | | — | | | (34.1) | |
Ending balance, June 30, 2021 | | $ | 332.2 | | | $ | (11.2) | | | $ | 321.0 | |
(1)All amounts are net of tax.
(2)The pretax amounts reclassified from AOCI, $(5.0)$(15.5) million and $(7.1)$(33.4) million, are included in Net investment gains (losses) and the related income tax benefit, $(3.2) million and $(7.0) million, are included in income tax expense (benefit) in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.
(3)The pretax amounts reclassified from AOCI, $5.9 million and $(2.2) million, are included in Net investment gains (losses) and the related income tax expenses $(1.0)(benefits), $1.2 million and $(1.5)$(0.5) million, are included in income tax expense (benefit) in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021, respectively.
(3) The pretax amounts reclassified from AOCI, $6.6 million and $(0.6) million, are included in Net investment gains (losses) and the related income tax expenses, $1.4 million and $(0.1) million, are included in Income tax expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.
Comparative information for elements that are not required to be reclassified in their entirety to net income (loss) in the same reporting period is disclosed in Note 3.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 2426 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
NOTE 1211 - Supplemental Consolidated Cash and Cash Flow Information
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | ($ in millions) | |
| | September 30, 2021 | | December 31, 2020 | | June 30, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
Cash | Cash | | $ | 38.9 | | | $ | 21.8 | | Cash | | $ | 49.2 | | | $ | 133.0 | |
Restricted cash | Restricted cash | | 1.3 | | | 0.5 | | Restricted cash | | 0.9 | | | 0.7 | |
Total cash and restricted cash reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets | Total cash and restricted cash reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets | | $ | 40.2 | | | $ | 22.3 | | Total cash and restricted cash reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets | | $ | 50.1 | | | $ | 133.7 | |
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ($ in millions) | | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Cash paid for: | Cash paid for: | | | | | Cash paid for: | | | | |
Interest | Interest | | $ | 7.3 | | | $ | 9.3 | | Interest | | $ | 7.1 | | | $ | 6.8 | |
Income taxes | Income taxes | | 20.2 | | | 18.5 | | Income taxes | | 5.3 | | | 13.4 | |
Non-cash investing activities with respect to modifications or exchanges of fixed maturity securities as well as paid-in-kind activity for policy loans were insignificant for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and 2020,2021, respectively.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 27 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
ITEM 2. I Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A)
($ in millions, except per share data)
Measures within this MD&A that are not based on accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (non-GAAP) are marked with an asterisk (*) the first time they are presented within this Part I - Item 2. An explanation of these measures is contained in the Glossary of Selected Terms included as Exhibit 99.1 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are reconciled to the most directly comparable measures prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) in the Appendix to the Company's ThirdSecond Quarter 20212022 Investor Supplement.
Increases or decreases in this MD&A that are not meaningful are marked "N.M.".
Forward-looking Information
Statements made in the following discussion that are not historical in nature are forward-looking within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors. Horace Mann Educators Corporation (referred to in Part I - Items 2 - 4 and Part II of this report as "we", "our", "us", the "Company", "Horace Mann" or "HMEC") is an insurance holding company. We are not under any obligation to (and expressly disclaim any such obligation to) update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. It is important to note that our actual results could differ materially from those projected in forward-looking statements due to a number of risks and uncertainties inherent in our business. See Part I - Item 1A in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20202021 for additional information regarding risks and uncertainties.
This MD&A covers the following:
Introduction
The purpose of this MD&A is to provide an understanding of our consolidated results of operations and financial condition. This MD&A should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto contained in Part I - Item 1 of this report.
HMEC is an insurance holding company focused on helping America’s educators and through itsothers who serve the community achieve lifelong financial success. Through our subsidiaries, we market and underwrite personal linesindividual and group insurance and financial solutions tailored to the needs of property and casualty insurance products, supplemental insurance products, retirement products and life insurance products in the United States of America (U.S.). We market our products primarily to K-12 teachers, administrators and other employees of public schools and their families.educational community including:
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 2528 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
This MD&A covers•personal lines of property and casualty insurance, primarily auto and property coverages
•voluntary insurance products, including cancer, heart, hospital, supplemental disability and accident
•employer-sponsored insurance products, primarily long-term disability and short-term disability
•retirement products, primarily tax-qualified fixed and variable annuities
•life insurance, primarily traditional term and whole life insurance products
We market our consolidated financial highlights followed by consolidated resultsproducts primarily to K-12 teachers, administrators and other employees of operations, an outlook for future performance, details about critical accounting estimates, results of operations by segment, investment resultspublic schools and liquidity and capital resources.their families.
On July 14, 2021,Effective January 1, 2022, we entered into a definitive agreement to acquireacquired all the equity interests in Madison National Life Insurance Company, Inc., an insurance company organized under the laws of the State of Wisconsin (Madison National), for $172.5$172.3 million. The Seller has a potential earn-out of up to $12.5 million payable in cash, if specified financial targets are achieved by the end of 2023. As a result of the acquisition, Madison National isbecame a leading writerwholly owned subsidiary of employer-paid and sponsored benefits provided to educators by K-12 school districts. The transaction is expected to close early in the first quarter of 2022, subject to regulatory approval and other customary closing conditions. The transaction is expected to be funded with cash on hand and additional borrowings on our Bank Credit Facility which was extended to 2026 and expanded by $100.0 million to $325.0 million to provide ample liquidity. At closing, our leverage ratio is expected to be approximately 25% which is our long-term target and aligns with levels appropriate for our current financial strength ratings.
Madison National offers short- and long-term group disability, group life and other products, with K-12 school districts representing 80% of 2020 premiums. The acquisition of Madison National is expected to be immediately accretive to our EPS and ROE and is expected to accelerate our progress on all fronts of our multi-year strategic plan: strengthening our product offerings, enhancing our distribution, and adding capabilities to our infrastructure. With the addition of Madison National, we will be able to serve K-12 educators through a new distribution channel that is entirely complementary to our strengths in individual products sold through local, trusted advisors.
Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) ConsiderationsHMEC.
Beginning in March 2020,2022, we are conducting and managing our business in three operating segments: (1) Property & Casualty, (2) Life & Retirement, and (3) Supplemental & Group Benefits. The Supplemental & Group Benefits segment includes the global pandemic associated with the novel coronavirus COVID-19 and related economic conditions introduced unprecedented challenges for our country. Those challenges are ongoing.results of Madison National. We relied on our previously developed Corporate Pandemic Plan to address preparation, prevention and response measures specific to COVID-19 while allowing flexibility to quickly react to evolving circumstances and implement varying actions accordingly.
As discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, we successfully met the challenges of the pandemic environment and are now operating in a hybrid model. Our return to office plans are being guided by data from the Center for Disease Control.
In the hybrid working environment, we continue to monitor cybersecurity including increasing security and network monitoring to proactively identify and prevent potential security threats and vulnerabilities. We also are identifying and assessing critical third-party vendors and ensuring their ability to continue to perform as anticipated.
Although educators have largely remained employed through the pandemic,do not allocate the impact of corporate-level transactions to the pandemic resulted in slower growth in new sales, particularly sales generated from in-person events at schools. We continue to workoperating segments, consistent with our network of exclusive agents to make sure they are using virtual and other tools so they can reach current and potential educator customers regardlessthe basis for management's evaluation of the levelresults of access they have tothose segments, but classify those items in a specific school.
For further discussion regarding the current period and potential future impacts of COVID-19 and related economic conditions on HMEC, see Outlook for 2021 and other content within this MD&A as well asseparate reporting segment, Corporate & Other. See Part I - Item 1A1, Note 9 of the Consolidated Financial Statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-Kthis report for more information.
Consolidated Financial Highlights
(All comparisons vs. same periods in 2021, unless noted otherwise)
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($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | 2022-2021 | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | 2022-2021 |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | Change % | | 2022 | | 2021 | | Change % |
Total revenues | | $ | 346.3 | | | $ | 347.1 | | | -0.2 | % | | $ | 693.1 | | | $ | 669.1 | | | 3.6 | % |
Net income (loss) | | (12.5) | | | 46.7 | | | -126.8 | % | | 2.0 | | | 86.0 | | | -97.7 | % |
Per diluted share: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | (0.30) | | | 1.11 | | | -127.0 | % | | 0.05 | | | 2.04 | | | -97.5 | % |
Net investment gains (losses) after tax | | (0.29) | | | 0.09 | | | N.M. | | (0.58) | | | (0.08) | | | N.M. |
Book value per share | | | | | | | | $ | 30.59 | | | $ | 43.78 | | | -30.1 | % |
Net income return on equity - last twelve months | | | | | | | | 3.6 | % | | 9.8 | % | | |
Net income return on equity - annualized | | | | | | | | 0.3 | % | | 9.5 | % | | |
For the yearthree and six months ended December 31, 2020.June 30, 2022, net income decreased $59.2 million and $84.0 million, respectively, primarily due to the impact of an elevated level of catastrophe losses, higher inflation and other factors driving auto loss severity, and equity market declines as well as higher net investment losses mainly from changes in fair values of equity securities.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 2629 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Consolidated Financial Highlights
(All comparisons vs. same periods in 2020, unless noted otherwise)
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($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change % | | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change % |
Total revenues | | $ | 329.6 | | | $ | 337.1 | | | -2.2 | % | | $ | 998.7 | | | $ | 958.1 | | | 4.2 | % |
Net income | | 16.3 | | | 36.5 | | | -55.3 | % | | 102.3 | | | 85.5 | | | 19.6 | % |
Per diluted share: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | 0.39 | | | 0.87 | | | -55.2 | % | | 2.43 | | | 2.03 | | | 19.7 | % |
Net investment (losses) gains after tax | | (0.11) | | | 0.05 | | | N.M. | | (0.19) | | | (0.24) | | | N.M. |
Book value per share | | | | | | | | $ | 43.30 | | | $ | 41.45 | | | 4.5 | % |
Net income return on equity - last twelve months | | | | | | | | 8.5 | % | | 7.4 | % | | |
Net income return on equity - annualized | | | | | | | | 7.6 | % | | 6.9 | % | | |
For the three months ended September 30, 2021, net income decreased $20.2 million primarily due to net investment (losses) gains and automobile loss costs that continue to move closer to pre-pandemic levels. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, net income increased $16.8 million primarily due to net investment income which more than offset the higher automobile loss costs.
Consolidated Results of Operations
(All comparisons vs. same periods in 2020,2021, unless noted otherwise)
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | 2022-2021 | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | 2022-2021 |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change % | | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change % | | 2022 | | 2021 | | Change % | | 2022 | | 2021 | | Change % |
Premiums and contract charges earned | | $ | 225.4 | | | $ | 235.3 | | | -4.2 | % | | $ | 678.8 | | | $ | 697.0 | | | -2.6 | % | |
Net premiums and contract charges earned | | Net premiums and contract charges earned | | $ | 255.8 | | | $ | 225.8 | | | 13.3 | % | | $ | 511.7 | | | $ | 453.4 | | | 12.9 | % |
Net investment income | Net investment income | | 103.7 | | | 93.7 | | | 10.7 | % | | 308.4 | | | 256.4 | | | 20.3 | % | Net investment income | | 105.2 | | | 109.2 | | | -3.7 | % | | 203.1 | | | 204.7 | | | -0.8 | % |
Net investment (losses) gains | | (6.5) | | | 2.5 | | | N.M. | | (10.6) | | | (12.8) | | | N.M. | |
Net investment gains (losses) | | Net investment gains (losses) | | (15.5) | | | 4.9 | | | N.M. | | (31.0) | | | (4.1) | | | N.M. |
Other income | Other income | | 7.0 | | | 5.6 | | | 25.0 | % | | 22.1 | | | 17.5 | | | 26.3 | % | Other income | | 0.8 | | | 7.2 | | | -88.9 | % | | 9.3 | | | 15.1 | | | -38.4 | % |
Total revenues | Total revenues | | 329.6 | | | 337.1 | | | -2.2 | % | | 998.7 | | | 958.1 | | | 4.2 | % | Total revenues | | 346.3 | | | 347.1 | | | -0.2 | % | | 693.1 | | | 669.1 | | | 3.6 | % |
| Benefits, claims and settlement expenses | Benefits, claims and settlement expenses | | 164.8 | | | 151.4 | | | 8.9 | % | | 446.2 | | | 433.1 | | | 3.0 | % | Benefits, claims and settlement expenses | | 207.6 | | | 147.1 | | | 41.1 | % | | 384.6 | | | 281.4 | | | 36.7 | % |
Interest credited | Interest credited | | 51.9 | | | 51.1 | | | 1.6 | % | | 153.7 | | | 153.3 | | | 0.3 | % | Interest credited | | 42.4 | | | 51.2 | | | -17.2 | % | | 83.2 | | | 101.8 | | | -18.3 | % |
Operating expenses | Operating expenses | | 64.3 | | | 57.9 | | | 11.1 | % | | 182.8 | | | 173.1 | | | 5.6 | % | Operating expenses | | 77.3 | | | 60.5 | | | 27.8 | % | | 154.1 | | | 118.5 | | | 30.0 | % |
DAC unlocking and amortization expense | DAC unlocking and amortization expense | | 22.9 | | | 24.6 | | | -6.9 | % | | 70.5 | | | 75.0 | | | -6.0 | % | DAC unlocking and amortization expense | | 27.0 | | | 23.5 | | | 14.9 | % | | 53.4 | | | 47.6 | | | 12.2 | % |
Intangible asset amortization expense | Intangible asset amortization expense | | 3.3 | | | 3.5 | | | -5.7 | % | | 9.8 | | | 10.9 | | | -10.1 | % | Intangible asset amortization expense | | 4.2 | | | 3.2 | | | 31.3 | % | | 8.4 | | | 6.5 | | | 29.2 | % |
Interest expense | Interest expense | | 3.4 | | | 3.5 | | | -2.9 | % | | 10.4 | | | 11.7 | | | -11.1 | % | Interest expense | | 4.3 | | | 3.5 | | | 22.9 | % | | 8.2 | | | 7.0 | | | 17.1 | % |
Total benefits, losses and expenses | Total benefits, losses and expenses | | 310.6 | | | 292.0 | | | 6.4 | % | | 873.4 | | | 857.1 | | | 1.9 | % | Total benefits, losses and expenses | | 362.8 | | | 289.0 | | | 25.5 | % | | 691.9 | | | 562.8 | | | 22.9 | % |
| Income before income taxes | | 19.0 | | | 45.1 | | | -57.9 | % | | 125.3 | | | 101.0 | | | 24.1 | % | |
Income tax expense | | 2.7 | | | 8.6 | | | -68.6 | % | | 23.0 | | | 15.5 | | | 48.4 | % | |
Net income | | $ | 16.3 | | | $ | 36.5 | | | -55.3 | % | | $ | 102.3 | | | $ | 85.5 | | | 19.6 | % | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | Income (loss) before income taxes | | (16.5) | | | 58.1 | | | -128.4 | % | | 1.2 | | | 106.3 | | | -98.9 | % |
Income tax expense (benefit) | | Income tax expense (benefit) | | (4.0) | | | 11.4 | | | -135.1 | % | | (0.8) | | | 20.3 | | | -103.9 | % |
Net income (loss) | | Net income (loss) | | $ | (12.5) | | | $ | 46.7 | | | -126.8 | % | | $ | 2.0 | | | $ | 86.0 | | | -97.7 | % |
Net Premiums and Contract Charges Earned
For the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, net premiums and contract charges earned decreased $9.9increased $30.0 million and $18.2 million, respectively, due primarily to lower premiums earned by Property and Casualty.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 27 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Net Investment Income
Excluding accreted investment income on the deposit asset on reinsurance, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, net investment income increased $8.9 million and $49.0$58.3 million, respectively, primarily due to more favorablethe inclusion of Madison National partially offset by slightly lower net premiums earned by Property & Casualty.
Net Investment Income
Total net investment income decreased $4.0 million and $1.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 respectively, as returns on limited partnership interests. Currentinterests, while still elevated over historical levels, are lower than the outsized returns from the prior year private equityperiods. Net investment income from our investment portfolio benefited from yield expansion in the core fixed income portfolio and venture capital returns have been strong, reflecting the strength of the equity marketshigher invested asset levels in both commercial mortgage loan funds and the active IPO window.limited partnership interests. Investment yields continue to be impacted by the low interest rate environment of recent years.years although new money rates have risen for recent investments due to the rising interest rate environment. The annualized investment yield on the portfolio excluding limited partnership interests* was as follows:
| | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Investment yield, excluding limited partnership interests, pretax - annualized* | Investment yield, excluding limited partnership interests, pretax - annualized* | | 4.4% | | 4.2% | | 4.3% | | 4.4% | Investment yield, excluding limited partnership interests, pretax - annualized* | | 4.3% | | 4.2% | | 4.3% | | 4.2% |
Investment yield, excluding limited partnership interests, after tax - annualized* | Investment yield, excluding limited partnership interests, after tax - annualized* | | 3.5% | | 3.3% | | 3.4% | | 3.5% | Investment yield, excluding limited partnership interests, after tax - annualized* | | 3.4% | | 3.4% | | 3.4% | | 3.4% |
During the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, we continued to identify and purchase investments with attractive risk-adjusted yields relative to market conditions without venturing into asset classes or individual securities that would be inconsistent with our overall investment guidelines for the core portfolio. We also fundedcontinue to fund commercial mortgage loan funds and limited partnership interests in line with our intent to increase our allocation to this portion of our portfoliothese portfolios to increase yields while balancing principal protection and risk.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 30 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Net Investment Gains (Losses) Gains
For the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, pretax net investment losses increased $9.0$20.4 million and net investment losses decreased $2.2$26.9 million, respectively. The increaserespectively, mainly from changes in net investment losses for the current quarter is primarily attributable to recognitionfair values of $6.6 million in credit loss impairments.equity securities. The breakdown of net investment gains (losses) gains by transaction type were as follows:
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Impairments on investments recognized in net income | Impairments on investments recognized in net income | | $ | (6.6) | | | $ | (1.1) | | | $ | (9.8) | | | $ | (5.3) | | Impairments on investments recognized in net income | | $ | (1.8) | | | $ | — | | | $ | (3.6) | | | $ | (3.2) | |
Sales and other, net | Sales and other, net | | 2.7 | | | 3.7 | | | 2.2 | | | 8.6 | | Sales and other, net | | (1.1) | | | 1.6 | | | — | | | (0.5) | |
Change in fair value - equity securities | Change in fair value - equity securities | | (1.1) | | | 2.3 | | | 0.4 | | | (5.6) | | Change in fair value - equity securities | | (12.6) | | | 4.3 | | | (29.7) | | | 1.5 | |
Change in fair value and losses realized on settlements - derivatives | Change in fair value and losses realized on settlements - derivatives | | (1.5) | | | (2.4) | | | (3.4) | | | (10.5) | | Change in fair value and losses realized on settlements - derivatives | | — | | | (1.0) | | | 2.3 | | | (1.9) | |
Net investment (losses) gains | | $ | (6.5) | | | $ | 2.5 | | | $ | (10.6) | | | $ | (12.8) | | |
Net investment gains (losses) | | Net investment gains (losses) | | $ | (15.5) | | | $ | 4.9 | | | $ | (31.0) | | | $ | (4.1) | |
From time to time, we may sell fixed maturity securities subsequent to the reporting date that were considered temporarily impaired at such reporting date. Such sales are due to issuer specificissuer-specific events occurring subsequent to the reporting date that result in a change in our intent to sell a fixed maturity security.
Other Income
For the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, other income increased $1.4decreased $6.4 million and $4.6$5.8 million, respectively, primarily due to the impactinclusion of the strong financial markets on asset based fees.Madison National.
Benefits, Claims and Settlement Expenses
For the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, benefits, claims and settlement expenses increased $13.4$60.5 million and $13.1$103.2 million, respectively. The increase for the current quarter isrespectively, primarily due to an increase in underlying automobile loss experience, higherelevated level of catastrophe losses, and an increase in Life benefits.auto losses and the inclusion of Madison National, partially reduced by an offsetting change in interest credited of $10.3 million and $20.7 million, respectively.
Interest Credited
For the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, interest credited was relatively flat.decreased $8.8 million and $18.6 million, respectively, driven primarily by an offsetting change in benefits, claims and settlement expenses of $10.3 million and $20.7 million, respectively. Under the deposit method of accounting, the interest credited on the reinsured annuity block continues to be reported. The average deferred annuity credited rate, excluding the reinsured annuity block, was 2.4% as of June 30, 2022 and 2.5% at SeptemberJune 30, 2021, respectively.
Operating Expenses
For the three and Septembersix months ended June 30, 2020, respectively.2022, operating expenses increased $16.8 million and $35.6 million, respectively, primarily due to the inclusion of Madison National.
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs (DAC) Unlocking and Amortization Expense
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, DAC unlocking and amortization expense increased $3.5 million and $5.8 million, respectively, primarily due to equity market declines leading to unfavorable DAC unlocking in the Life & Retirement segment.
Intangible Asset Amortization Expense
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, intangible asset amortization expense increased $1.0 million and $1.9 million, respectively, due to the acquisition of Madison National.
Interest Expense
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, interest expense increased $0.8 million and $1.2 million, respectively, due to an increase in interest rates on the Bank Credit Facility.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 2831 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Operating Expenses
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, operating expenses increased $6.4 million and $9.7 million, respectively. Targeted spend on product, distribution and infrastructure has increased, including costs incurred in performing due diligence on the planned acquisition of Madison National. Increased operating expenses also reflect a lower level of expenses realized in 2020 due to the pandemic.
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs (DAC) Unlocking and Amortization Expense
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, DAC unlocking and amortization expense decreased $1.7 million and $4.5 million, respectively, as revenue growth has slowed in the Property and Casualty segment.
Intangible Asset Amortization Expense
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, intangible asset amortization expense decreased $0.2 million and $1.1 million, respectively.
Interest Expense
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, interest expense decreased $0.1 million and $1.3 million, respectively, due to lower interest rates on our senior revolving credit facility.
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
The effective income tax rate, including net investment (losses) gains (losses), was 18.4%a negative 66.7% and 15.3%a positive 19.1% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and 2020,2021, respectively. Income from investments in tax-advantaged securities reduced the effective income tax rates by 3.3100.5 and 4.03.1 percentage points for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2022 and 2021, and 2020, respectively.
The tax effects of legislation enacted in 2020 due to the Coronavirus pandemic were reflected in our income tax expense calculations as of September 30, 2020. Total income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, included a benefit of $2.8 million (that reduced the effective income tax rate by 2.8 percentage points) to reflect a net operating loss carryback to taxable years for which the corporate rate was 35% as compared to the current corporate rate of 21%.
We record liabilities for uncertain tax filing positions where it is more likely than not that the position will not be sustainable upon audit by taxing authorities. These liabilities are reevaluated routinely and are adjusted appropriately based on changes in facts or law. We have no unrecorded liabilities from uncertain tax filing positions.
At SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, our federal income tax returns for years prior to 2014 are no longer subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service. We do not anticipate any assessments for tax years that remain subject to examination to have a material effect on our financial position or results of operations.
Outlook for 20212022
The following discussion provides outlook information for our results of operations and capital position.
The impacts Horace Mann’s outlook for 2022 reflects accretion from newly acquired Madison National as well as estimates of the COVID-19 pandemic and related economic conditions on the Company’s results continue to be highly uncertain and outside the Company’s control. The scope, duration and magnitudeinitial contributions of the direct and indirect effects of the pandemic continue to evolve in ways that are difficult or impossible to anticipate. For additional information on the risks posed by the pandemic, see “A large-scale pandemic, the occurrence of terrorism or military actions may have an adverse effect on our business” included in Part I—Item 1A—Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.strategic growth initiatives.
At the time of issuance of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we estimate that 2021 fourth quarterour 2022 core earnings will now be in the range of $.65$2.15 to $.80$2.35 per diluted share resulting in full-year net income within a range of $3.27 to $3.42 per diluted share, generating a core return on equity* of close to 10%. The outlook assumes a federal statutory corporate tax rate of 21%.share. The decrease in the range from the Outlook includedoutlook discussed in our QuarterlyOutlook for 2022 in the Annual Report on Form 10-Q10-K for the quarterly periodyear ended June 30,December 31, 2021, is due to the higherimpact of an elevated level of catastrophe losses and higher inflation and other factors driving auto loss severity experienced in the third quarter and a higher underlying automobile loss ratio partially offset by higher net investment income. The segment guidance discussed below also anticipates modest variations in results for those businesses from our original expectations.first half of the year as well as effects of equity market declines.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 29 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Investments
We anticipate fourth-quarterAs previously announced, total net investment income willfrom the managed portfolio for 2022 is expected to be inat the low end of the guided range of $95$310 million to $100 million resulting in a full year range of $405 million to $410 million, including approximately $100 million of accreted$320 million. This largely reflects net investment income on the deposit assetcore portfolio at the low end of expectations due to lower portfolio balances resulting from elevated catastrophe losses. Due to equity market declines, returns on reinsurance inlimited partnership funds are now expected to be below historical averages for the Retirement segment. Segment ranges noted below include that anticipated levelsecond half of net investment income.the year.
Results for each segment will reflect different considerations:
Property and& Casualty Segment
Primarily because of the impact of underlying automobile loss costs, Property and Casualty’s fourth quarter 2021 net income is& Casualty segment 2022 core earnings are now anticipatedexpected to be in the range of $10 million to $13 million. Fourth-quarter 2021$14 million, reflecting first-half results. The full-year 2022 guidance reflects the company’s assumption that catastrophe losses are modeledin the second half of the year will contribute between $7$20 million and $9$22 million, pretax, unchanged from previous guidance and in line with the 10-year average for the quarter.second-half catastrophe losses.
The pandemic’s favorable impact on automobile loss costs lessened throughout the first nine months of 2021. We anticipate frequency will be at or close to pre-pandemic levels due to changing driving patterns as well as higher severity. As a result, the underlying automobile loss ratio should rise again in the fourth quarter, as it has every quarter in 2021. We are initiating appropriate rate filings in the majority of our states to address the higher severity.
For the fourth quarter, we anticipate the underlying property loss ratio will be similar to the third quarter as we reflect inflation in our coverages and initiate appropriate rate filings to address.
SupplementalLife & Retirement Segment
Our outlook for Supplemental's fourth quarter 2021 net income reflects a strong contribution from net investment income and continued favorable business trends with some continued benefit from changes in policyholder behavior due to the pandemic. Fourth-quarter net income for Supplemental is anticipatedLife & Retirement segment 2022 core earnings are expected to be in the range of $10$56 million to $11 million.$59 million, reflecting first-half results. The full-year net investment spread is now expected to be slightly below the 2021 level of 290 due to the revised outlook for net investment income.
RetirementSupplemental & Group Benefits Segment
We anticipate Retirement will generate net income inSupplemental & Group Benefits segment 2022 core earnings are now expected to be at the low end of the guided range of $10$47 million to $11$50 million. Expectations for full-year 2022 benefit ratios continue to be about 35% for voluntary products and about 50% for employer-sponsored products. Amortization of intangible assets is expected to be approximately $13 million, in fourth quarter, consistent with prior guidance.
Life Segment
We expect Life to generate net income between $3 million and $4 million in fourth quarter, consistent with prior guidance.or 30 cents per share (after tax).
As described in Critical Accounting Estimates, certain of our significant accounting measurements require the use of estimates and assumptions. As additional information becomes available, adjustments may be required. Those adjustments are charged or credited to net income for the period in which the adjustments are made and may impact actual results compared to our estimates above. Additionally, see Forward-looking InformationForward-Looking information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as well as Part I –- Items 1 and 1A ofin our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 32 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
year ended December 31, 20202021 concerning other important factors that could impact actual results. We believe that a projection of net income is not appropriate on a forward-looking basis because it is not possible to provide a valid forecast of net investment gains (losses), which can vary substantially from one period to another and may have a significant impact on net income.
Application of Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions based on information available at the time the consolidated financial statements are prepared. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of our consolidated assets, liabilities, shareholders' equity and net income. Certain accounting estimates are particularly sensitive because of their significance to our consolidated financial statements and because of the possibility that subsequent events and available information may differ markedly from management's judgments at the time the consolidated financial statements were prepared. We have discussed with the Audit Committee the quality, not just the acceptability, of our accounting principles as applied in our financial reporting. The discussions generally included such matters as the consistency of our accounting policies and their application, and the clarity and completeness of our consolidated financial statements, which include related disclosures.
Information regarding our accounting
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 30 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
policies pertaining to these topics is located in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Part II - Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.
We2021. In addition, discussion of accounting policies, including certain sensitivity information, was presented in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations -- Application of Critical Accounting Estimates in that Form 10-K within which we have identified the following accounting estimates as critical in that they involve a higher degree of judgment and are subject to a significant degree of variability:
•Valuation of hard-to-value fixed maturity securities including evaluation
•Evaluation of credit loss impairments for maturity securities
•Evaluation of goodwill and intangible assets for impairment
•Valuation of annuity and life deferred policy acquisition costs
•Valuation of liabilities for property and casualty unpaid claims and claim expenses
•Valuation of certain investment contract and policy reserves
Compared to December 31, 2020, at SeptemberExcept as noted below, as of June 30, 2021,2022, there were no material changes to accounting policies for areas most subject to significant management judgments identified above.
Valuation of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed under Purchase Accounting and Purchase Price Allocation
In additionaccounting for the acquisition of Madison National Life Insurance Company, Inc. (Madison National), assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recognized based on estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price when compared to disclosuresthe fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired is recognized as goodwill. A significant amount of judgment is involved in estimating the individual fair values of tangible assets, intangible assets, and other assets and liabilities. We used all available information to make these fair value determinations and engaged third-party consultants for valuation assistance. The fair value of assets and liabilities as of the acquisition date were estimated using a combination of approaches, including the income approach, which requires us to project future cash flows and apply an appropriate discount rate; the cost approach, which required estimates of replacement costs and depreciation and obsolescence estimates; and the market approach. The estimates used in determining fair values were based on assumptions believed to be reasonable but which are inherently uncertain. Accordingly, actual results may differ materially from the projected results used to determine fair value.
The value of business acquired intangible asset (VOBA) represents the present value of the expected underwriting profit within policies that were in force on the date of acquisition. The value of customer relationships acquired intangible asset was valued based on the actuarial appraisal method net of VOBA. This represents expected future premiums arising from ongoing relationships and includes assumed growth in premium in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for thefirst projection year ended December 31, 2020, discussion of accounting policies, including certain sensitivity information, was presented in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations -- Critical Accounting Estimates in that Form 10-K.
Results of Operations by Segment
Consolidated financial results primarily reflect the operating results of our four operating segments as well as the corporate and other segment. These reporting segments are defined based on financial information we use to evaluate performance and to determine the allocation of resources.
•Property and Casualty
•Supplemental
•Retirement
•Life
•Corporate and Other
all premiums in projection years two through ten. The determination of segment data is described in more detail in Part I - Item 1, Note 10 of the Consolidated Financial Statements in this report. The following sections provide analysis and discussion of the results of operations for each of the reporting segments as well as investment results.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 31 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Property and Casualty
(All comparisons vs. same periods in 2020, unless noted otherwise)
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, net income (loss) reflected the following factors:
•An increase in net investment income due to favorable returns on limited partnership interests for the nine months ended September 30, 2021
•Automobile loss costs continuing to move closer to pre-pandemic levels
•Lower levels of favorable prior years' reserve development (PYD) recognized in 2021 ($5.2 million of favorable PYD recognized in the prior year quarter due to subrogation received largely related to the 2018 Camp Fire in California)
•Higher levels of catastrophe losses experienced in 2021 which added 25.1 points to the property and casualty combined ratio in the current quarter compared to 20.9 points in the prior year
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 32 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
The following table provides certain financial information for Property and Casualty for the periods indicated.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions, unless otherwise indicated) | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change | | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change |
Financial Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Premiums written*: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Automobile | | $ | 103.1 | | | $ | 109.5 | | | -5.8 | % | | $ | 300.1 | | | $ | 315.6 | | | -4.9 | % |
Property and other | | 60.7 | | | 63.3 | | | -4.1 | % | | 161.1 | | | 166.9 | | | -3.5 | % |
Total premiums written | | 163.8 | | | 172.8 | | | -5.2 | % | | 461.2 | | | 482.5 | | | -4.4 | % |
Change in unearned premiums | | (10.5) | | | (6.8) | | | -54.4 | % | | 2.9 | | | 6.2 | | | -53.2 | % |
Total premiums earned | | 153.3 | | | 166.0 | | | -7.7 | % | | 464.1 | | | 488.7 | | | -5.0 | % |
Incurred claims and claims expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Claims occurring in the current year | | 132.5 | | | 125.6 | | | 5.5 | % | | 345.4 | | | 340.2 | | | 1.5 | % |
Prior years' reserve development(1) | | (3.0) | | | (7.2) | | | -58.3 | % | | (7.2) | | | (9.2) | | | -21.7 | % |
Total claims and claim expenses incurred | | 129.5 | | | 118.4 | | | 9.4 | % | | 338.2 | | | 331.0 | | | 2.2 | % |
Operating expenses, including DAC amortization | | 42.1 | | | 41.9 | | | 0.5 | % | | 121.5 | | | 126.0 | | | -3.6 | % |
Underwriting gain (loss) | | (18.3) | | | 5.7 | | | N.M. | | 4.4 | | | 31.7 | | | -86.1 | % |
Net investment income | | 11.3 | | | 13.7 | | | -17.5 | % | | 43.8 | | | 30.3 | | | 44.6 | % |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | (6.3) | | | 19.8 | | | -131.8 | % | | 52.1 | | | 63.7 | | | -18.2 | % |
Net income (loss) / core earnings (loss)* | | (4.7) | | | 15.8 | | | -129.7 | % | | 42.5 | | | 53.7 | | | -20.9 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating Statistics: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Automobile | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio | | 71.5 | % | | 57.6 | % | | 13.9 | pts | | 66.0 | % | | 59.1 | % | | 6.9 | pts |
Expense ratio | | 27.7 | % | | 25.7 | % | | 2.0 | pts | | 26.1 | % | | 26.2 | % | | -0.1 | pts |
Combined ratio: | | 99.2 | % | | 83.3 | % | | 15.9 | pts | | 92.1 | % | | 85.3 | % | | 6.8 | pts |
Prior years' reserve development(1) | | -2.0 | % | | -0.9 | % | | -1.1 | pts | | -1.6 | % | | -0.6 | % | | -1.0 | pts |
Catastrophe losses | | 2.9 | % | | 1.7 | % | | 1.2 | pts | | 1.9 | % | | 1.6 | % | | 0.3 | pts |
Underlying combined ratio* | | 98.3 | % | | 82.5 | % | | 15.8 | pts | | 91.8 | % | | 84.3 | % | | 7.5 | pts |
Property | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio | | 108.9 | % | | 97.3 | % | | 11.6 | pts | | 86.0 | % | | 84.5 | % | | 1.5 | pts |
Expense ratio | | 27.2 | % | | 24.4 | % | | 2.8 | pts | | 26.4 | % | | 25.1 | % | | 1.3 | pts |
Combined ratio: | | 136.1 | % | | 121.7 | % | | 14.4 | pts | | 112.4 | % | | 109.6 | % | | 2.8 | pts |
Prior years' reserve development(1) | | -1.9 | % | | -10.8 | % | | 8.9 | pts | | -1.4 | % | | -4.3 | % | | 2.9 | pts |
Catastrophe losses | | 67.3 | % | | 57.3 | % | | 10.0 | pts | | 38.4 | % | | 43.9 | % | | -5.5 | pts |
Underlying combined ratio* | | 70.7 | % | | 75.2 | % | | -4.5 | pts | | 75.4 | % | | 70.0 | % | | 5.4 | pts |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Risks in force (in thousands) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Automobile(2) | | | | | | | | 381 | | | 406 | | | -6.2 | % |
Property | | | | | | | | 178 | | | 187 | | | -4.8 | % |
Total | | | | | | | | 559 | | | 593 | | | -5.7 | % |
(1) (Favorable) unfavorable.
(2) Includes assumed risks in force of 4.state
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 33 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
licenses intangible asset represents the regulatory licenses held by Madison National that were valued using the cost approach. The valuation of Madison National's policy reserves represents the present value of expected future benefits and expenses associated with the policies, valued using the actuarial appraisal approach.
The valuation of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed of Madison National noted above required management to make multiple judgments and assumptions to project future cash flows. Assumptions included future policy and contract charges, premiums, morbidity and mortality, and persistency by product, as well as expenses, investment returns, growth rates and other factors. One of the most significant inputs in these calculations is the discount rate used to arrive at the present value of the net cash flows. Actual experience on the purchased business may vary from these projections and the recovery of the net assets recorded is dependent upon the future profitability of the related business.
Results of Operations by Segment
Consolidated financial results primarily reflect the results of three operating segments (Property & Casualty, Life & Retirement, and Supplemental & Group Benefits) as noted in the Introduction and Outlook for 2022 sections of this MD&A, as well as the corporate and other line. These segments are defined based on financial information management uses to evaluate performance and to determine the allocation of resources.
The determination of segment data is described in more detail in Part I - Item 1, Note 9 of the Consolidated Financial Statements in this report. The following sections provide analysis and discussion of the results of operations for each of the reporting segments as well as investment results.
Property & Casualty
(All comparisons vs. same periods in 2021, unless noted otherwise)
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the net losses reflected the following factors:
•Elevated level of catastrophe losses in the current quarter that were well above our 10-year historical average
•Increase in auto loss ratio due to impact of inflation and other loss cost factors, including industry trends toward more severe accidents and increased utilization of medical treatments
•A decrease in net investment income due to limited partnership interests that had outsized returns in the prior year periods
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 34 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
The following table provides certain financial information for Property & Casualty for the periods indicated.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions, unless otherwise indicated) | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | 2022-2021 | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | 2022-2021 |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | Change | | 2022 | | 2021 | | Change |
Financial Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net premiums written*: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Auto | | $ | 99.0 | | | $ | 97.8 | | | 1.2 | % | | $ | 193.5 | | | $ | 197.0 | | | -1.8 | % |
Property and other | | 59.0 | | | 57.8 | | | 2.1 | % | | 104.1 | | | 100.4 | | | 3.7 | % |
Total net premiums written | | 158.0 | | | 155.6 | | | 1.5 | % | | 297.6 | | | 297.4 | | | 0.1 | % |
Change in unearned net premiums | | (8.1) | | | (0.6) | | | N.M. | | 2.5 | | | 13.4 | | | -81.3 | % |
Total net premiums earned | | 149.9 | | | 155.0 | | | -3.3 | % | | 300.1 | | | 310.8 | | | -3.4 | % |
Incurred claims and claims expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Claims occurring in the current year | | 144.2 | | | 118.2 | | | 22.0 | % | | 252.5 | | | 212.9 | | | 18.6 | % |
Prior years' reserve development(1) | | 6.0 | | | (4.2) | | | N.M. | | 6.0 | | | (4.2) | | | N.M. |
Total claims and claim expenses incurred | | 150.2 | | | 114.0 | | | 31.8 | % | | 258.5 | | | 208.7 | | | 23.9 | % |
Operating expenses, including DAC amortization | | 40.1 | | | 39.9 | | | 0.5 | % | | 79.5 | | | 79.4 | | | 0.1 | % |
Underwriting gain | | (40.4) | | | 1.1 | | | N.M. | | (37.9) | | | 22.7 | | | N.M. |
Net investment income | | 7.7 | | | 21.7 | | | -64.5 | % | | 14.9 | | | 32.5 | | | -54.2 | % |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | (31.5) | | | 24.0 | | | N.M. | | (21.0) | | | 58.4 | | | -136.0 | % |
Net income (loss) | | (25.4) | | | 19.3 | | | N.M. | | (16.9) | | | 47.2 | | | -135.8 | % |
Core earnings (loss)* | | (25.4) | | | 19.3 | | | N.M. | | (16.9) | | | 47.2 | | | -135.8 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating Statistics: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Auto | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio | | 93.2 | % | | 67.6 | % | | 25.6 | pts | | 84.6 | % | | 63.3 | % | | 21.3 | pts |
Expense ratio | | 26.1 | % | | 25.7 | % | | 0.4 | pts | | 26.0 | % | | 25.4 | % | | 0.6 | pts |
Combined ratio: | | 119.3 | % | | 93.3 | % | | 26.0 | pts | | 110.6 | % | | 88.7 | % | | 21.9 | pts |
Prior years' reserve development(1) | | 12.4 | % | | -3.0 | % | | 15.4 | pts | | 6.2 | % | | -1.5 | % | | 7.7 | pts |
Catastrophe losses | | 3.9 | % | | 2.6 | % | | 1.3 | pts | | 2.2 | % | | 1.5 | % | | 0.7 | pts |
Underlying combined ratio* | | 103.0 | % | | 93.7 | % | | 9.3 | pts | | 102.2 | % | | 88.7 | % | | 13.5 | pts |
Property | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio | | 113.0 | % | | 84.8 | % | | 28.2 | pts | | 88.9 | % | | 74.5 | % | | 14.4 | pts |
Expense ratio | | 28.0 | % | | 26.0 | % | | 2.0 | pts | | 27.7 | % | | 26.0 | % | | 1.7 | pts |
Combined ratio: | | 141.0 | % | | 110.8 | % | | 30.2 | pts | | 116.6 | % | | 100.5 | % | | 16.1 | pts |
Prior years' reserve development(1) | | -11.4 | % | | -2.3 | % | | -9.1 | pts | | -5.7 | % | | -1.1 | % | | -4.6 | pts |
Catastrophe losses | | 79.7 | % | | 27.9 | % | | 51.8 | pts | | 46.1 | % | | 24.1 | % | | 22.0 | pts |
Underlying combined ratio* | | 72.7 | % | | 85.2 | % | | -12.5 | pts | | 76.2 | % | | 77.5 | % | | -1.3 | pts |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Risks in force (in thousands) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Auto(2) | | | | | | | | 371 | | | 387 | | | -4.1 | % |
Property | | | | | | | | 174 | | | 180 | | | -3.3 | % |
Total | | | | | | | | 545 | | | 567 | | | -3.9 | % |
(1) (Favorable) unfavorable.
(2) Includes assumed risks in force of 4.
On a reported basis, the 6.821.9 point increase in the automobileauto combined ratio for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 was mainly attributable to a 7.612.9 point increase in the automobileauto underlying loss ratio*. and a 7.7 point increase in prior years' reserve development. The increase in the automobileauto underlying loss ratio reflects a return to more normal
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 35 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
driving patterns, as well as an increase in severitythe impact of inflation and other loss cost factors, including industry trends toward more severe accidents and increased utilization of medical treatments. We continue to implement rate and other underwriting changes that address these trends. Unfavorable prior years' auto reserve development of $12.0 million was reported for the six months ended June 30, 2022 due to pandemic-related systemic delays that are affecting the settlement of claims from recent accident years that remain open.
The reported property combined ratio and loss ratio increased 2.816.1 points and 14.4 points, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2022, reflecting an elevated level of catastrophe losses during the current quarter that were well above our 10-year historical average. Favorable prior years' reserve development of $6.0 million benefited the reported property underlying loss ratio* increased 4.1combined ratio by 5.7 points for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021 reflecting higher non-catastrophe fire losses and non-weather water losses as well as overall inflation due to the cost of labor and materials. The third quarter 2021 property underlying loss ratio compared to the first half of 2021 and the third quarter of 2020 improved due to lower non-catastrophe fire losses and non-weather water losses.2022.
For the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, total net premiums written* decreased $9.0increased $2.4 million and $21.3$0.2 million, respectively. For the remainderrespectively, as inflation adjustments to coverage values for property began to take effect. The benefit of 2021, we anticipate average rate increases in the low-single digits (including states with no rate actions) for both automobile and property for the full year. Average approved rate changes for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 were insignificant. Sales* have slowedstronger retention is being offset by new business volumes that still remain below historical levels due to COVID-19.the lingering effect of the pandemic on sales*.
For the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021, automobile2022, auto net premiums written* decreased $6.4increased $1.2 million and $15.5decreased $3.5 million, respectively, asprimarily due to the number of automobilecontinuing decline in auto risks in force has declined.partially offset by stabilization of pandemic-related mileage changes. Average net premium written and average net premium earned decreased slightly. Educatorwere flat for the six months ended June 30, 2022. The auto rate plan for the remainder of 2022 and throughout 2023 reflects rate increases in the high single-digit to low double-digit range in states representing almost 80% of our auto premiums. The number of educator risks as a percentage ofhas been over 80% relative to overall automobileauto risks remained stable at 83.5% as of September 30, 2021.in force over the past two years.
For the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, property and other net premiums written* decreased $2.6increased $1.2 million and $5.8$3.7 million, respectively, as the number of property risksdue to increases in force has declined. In addition, the 2018 California Camp Fire subrogation recovery provided for the return of $3.5 million of reinsurance reinstatement premium in the third quarter of 2020. Averageaverage net premium written and average net premium earned which increased slightly in7.1% and 4.2% for the first ninesix months of 2021, but withended June 30, 2022, respectively, as inflation adjustments to coverage values began to take effect. With inflationary pressure continuing, adjustments to coverage values and rates are expected to continue to play a greater role in the coming quarters. EducatorThe property rate plan over the next 12 to 18 months reflects planned premium increases in the mid-teens, driven by both inflation guard actions and currently planned rate changes to reflect increased weather activity. The number of educator risks as a percentage ofhas been over 80% relative to overall property risks remained stable at 81.2% as of September 30, 2021.in force over the past two years.
We continue to evaluate and implement actions to further mitigate our exposure in catastrophe-prone areas of the country. Such actions could include, but are not limited to, non-renewal of property policies, restricted agent geographic placement, limitations on agent new business sales, further tightening of underwriting standards and increased utilization of third-party vendor products.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 34 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Supplemental
(All comparisons vs. same periods in 2020, unless noted otherwise)
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, net income reflected the following factors:
•Favorable business trends including some continued benefit from changes in policyholder behavior due to the pandemic
•Improved net investment income driven by more favorable returns on limited partnership interests
The following table provides certain information for Supplemental for the periods indicated.
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($ in millions, unless otherwise indicated) | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change | | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change |
Financial Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Premiums written and contract deposits* | | $ | 30.9 | | | $ | 32.0 | | | -3.4 | % | | $ | 94.2 | | | $ | 98.3 | | | -4.2 | % |
Premiums and contract charges earned | | 31.0 | | | 32.5 | | | -4.6 | % | | 94.3 | | | 98.8 | | | -4.6 | % |
Net investment income | | 7.1 | | | 4.3 | | | 65.1 | % | | 18.7 | | | 11.8 | | | 58.5 | % |
Benefits and settlement expenses | | 10.4 | | | 10.5 | | | -1.0 | % | | 30.0 | | | 33.5 | | | -10.4 | % |
Operating expenses (includes DAC unlocking and amortization expense) | | 10.7 | | | 10.1 | | | 5.9 | % | | 31.3 | | | 30.3 | | | 3.3 | % |
Intangible asset amortization expense | | 2.9 | | | 3.1 | | | -6.5 | % | | 8.8 | | | 9.5 | | | -7.4 | % |
Income before income taxes | | 14.5 | | | 13.6 | | | 6.6 | % | | 44.5 | | | 39.1 | | | 13.8 | % |
Net income / core earnings* | | 11.4 | | | 10.6 | | | 7.5 | % | | 34.8 | | | 30.6 | | | 13.7 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating Statistics: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Supplemental insurance in force (thousands) | | | | | | | | 280 | | | 292 | | | -4.1 | % |
Benefits ratio(1) | | 33.5 | % | | 32.3 | % | | 1.2 | pts | | 31.8 | % | | 33.9 | % | | -2.1 | pts |
Operating expense ratio(2) | | 27.7 | % | | 26.9 | % | | 0.8 | pts | | 27.3 | % | | 26.9 | % | | 0.4 | pts |
Pretax profit margin(2) | | 37.6 | % | | 36.3 | % | | 1.3 | pts | | 38.8 | % | | 34.7 | % | | 4.1 | pts |
Persistency | | | | | | | | 92.2 | % | | 90.1 | % | | 2.1 | pts |
(1) Benefits ratio measured to earned premium.
(2) Operating expense ratio and pretax profit margin measured to total revenues.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, Supplemental sales* were $2.0 million and $4.2 million, respectively, which continues to reflect limited school access because of the pandemic. Sales growth is expected to continue its upward trajectory for the remainder of 2021 and into 2022. Tactics are being implemented to address return-to-school in person selling. Persistency was up 2.1 points at 92.2%.
Net income reflected higher net investment income as well as favorable business trends including some continued benefit from changes in policyholder behavior due to the pandemic. Segment expenses include the non-cash impact of amortization of intangible assets under purchase accounting that reduced net income by $2.9 million pretax for the three months ended September 30, 2021. The pretax profit margin remains above management’s longer-term expectations because of the pandemic-related changes in policyholder behavior.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 3536 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Life & Retirement
(All comparisons vs. same periods in 2020,2021, unless noted otherwise)
For the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, net income reflected the following factors:
•Strong annualized net interest spread on fixed annuities of 272303 bps and 295 bps for the ninethree and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20212022
•Continued growth in net annuity contract deposits* that increased $18.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021Equity market declines leading to unfavorable DAC unlocking
•Lower mortality costs benefiting Life results
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 36 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
The following table provides certain information for Retirement for the periods indicated.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions, unless otherwise indicated) | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change | | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change |
Financial Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Contract charges earned | | $ | 9.9 | | | $ | 7.4 | | | 33.8 | % | | $ | 27.7 | | | $ | 21.5 | | | 28.8 | % |
Net investment income | | 64.8 | | | 58.1 | | | 11.5 | % | | 187.2 | | | 166.7 | | | 12.3 | % |
Interest credited | | 40.7 | | | 39.7 | | | 2.5 | % | | 120.0 | | | 119.4 | | | 0.5 | % |
Net interest margin without net investment (losses) gains | | 25.0 | | | 19.4 | | | 28.9 | % | | 70.0 | | | 50.2 | | | 39.4 | % |
Net interest margin - reinsured block | | (0.9) | | | (1.0) | | | 10.0 | % | | (2.8) | | | (2.9) | | | 3.4 | % |
Mortality loss and other reserve charges | | 0.9 | | | 1.3 | | | -30.8 | % | | 3.6 | | | 4.1 | | | -12.2 | % |
Operating expenses | | 16.9 | | | 15.1 | | | 11.9 | % | | 48.6 | | | 44.0 | | | 10.5 | % |
DAC and intangible asset amortization expense, excluding DAC unlocking | | 5.3 | | | 5.1 | | | 3.9 | % | | 15.8 | | | 15.1 | | | 4.6 | % |
DAC unlocking | | (0.8) | | | (0.7) | | | -14.3 | % | | (1.8) | | | (1.3) | | | -38.5 | % |
Income before income taxes | | 16.8 | | | 8.9 | | | 88.8 | % | | 43.4 | | | 19.0 | | | 128.4 | % |
Net income | | 14.1 | | | 7.8 | | | 80.8 | % | | 36.2 | | | 16.6 | | | 118.1 | % |
Core earnings* | | 14.1 | | | 7.8 | | | 80.8 | % | | 36.2 | | | 16.6 | | | 118.1 | % |
Operating Statistics: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net annuity contract deposits* | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Variable | | $ | 71.0 | | | $ | 58.5 | | | 21.4 | % | | $ | 200.2 | | | $ | 168.6 | | | 18.7 | % |
Fixed | | 50.4 | | | 60.2 | | | -16.3 | % | | 144.4 | | | 157.5 | | | -8.3 | % |
Total | | 121.4 | | | 118.7 | | | 2.3 | % | | 344.6 | | | 326.1 | | | 5.7 | % |
Single | | 75.8 | | | 68.3 | | | 11.0 | % | | 196.6 | | | 170.4 | | | 15.4 | % |
Recurring | | 45.6 | | | 50.4 | | | -9.5 | % | | 148.0 | | | 155.7 | | | -4.9 | % |
Total | | 121.4 | | | 118.7 | | | 2.3 | % | | 344.6 | | | 326.1 | | | 5.7 | % |
Assets under administration (AUA) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Annuity assets under management(1) | | | | | | | | 5,246.9 | | | 4,508.7 | | | 16.4 | % |
Broker and advisory assets under administration | | | | | | | | 2,499.5 | | | 2,124.3 | | | 17.7 | % |
Recordkeeping assets under administration | | | | | | | | 1,606.3 | | | 1,399.6 | | | 14.8 | % |
Total | | | | | | | | 9,352.7 | | | 8,032.6 | | | 16.4 | % |
Persistency | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Variable annuities | | | | | | | | 94.7 | % | | 94.8 | % | | -0.1 | pts |
Fixed annuities | | | | | | | | 94.7 | % | | 94.5 | % | | 0.2 | pts |
Total | | | | | | | | 94.7 | % | | 94.6 | % | | 0.1 | pts |
Annuity contracts in force (thousands) | | | | | | | | 229 | | | 230 | | | -0.4 | % |
Retirement Advantage® contracts in force (thousands) | | | | | | | | 14 | | | 12 | | | 16.7 | % |
Net interest spread on fixed annuities - YTD annualized (basis points) | | | | | | | | 272 | | | 188 | | | 84 | bps |
(1) Amounts reported as of September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020 exclude $820.2 million and $660.1 million, respectively, of assets under management held under modified coinsurance reinsurance.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, net annuity contract deposits for variable and fixed annuities increased $18.5 million. Our relationship with educators often begins with our 403(b) retirement savings products, including our attractive annuity products, which provide encouraging cross-sell opportunities. Cash value persistency remained strong at 94.7% for both variable annuities and fixed annuities.
At September 30, 2021, annuity assets under management were up $738.2 million, or 16.4%, compared to a year ago primarily due to market appreciation. Assets under administration, which includes Retirement Advantage® and other advisory and recordkeeping assets were up $1.3 billion, or 16.4%, from a year ago, as assets under management also rose primarily due to strong market appreciation over the past 12 months. The year-to-date annualized net interest spread on fixed annuities, excluding reinsurance, increased 84 basis points, primarily reflecting higher net investment income due to returns on limited partnership interests.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 37 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
The following table provides certain information for Life & Retirement for the periods indicated.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | 2022-2021 | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | 2022-2021 |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | Change | | 2022 | | 2021 | | Change |
Life & Retirement | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net premiums written and contract deposits* | | $ | 133.6 | | | $ | 146.3 | | | -8.7 | % | | $ | 270.0 | | | $ | 276.6 | | | -2.4 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net premiums and contract charges earned | | 36.8 | | | 38.5 | | | -4.4 | % | | 72.6 | | | 77.9 | | | -6.8 | % |
Net investment income | | 88.4 | | | 81.7 | | | 8.2 | % | | 172.6 | | | 161.6 | | | 6.8 | % |
Other income | | 4.4 | | | 5.0 | | | -12.0 | % | | 9.3 | | | 9.8 | | | -5.1 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Life mortality costs | | 8.2 | | | 8.5 | | | -3.5 | % | | 20.4 | | | 23.1 | | | -11.7 | % |
Interest credited | | 42.2 | | | 51.1 | | | -17.4 | % | | 82.9 | | | 101.6 | | | -18.4 | % |
Change in reserves | | 22.5 | | | 14.5 | | | 55.2 | % | | 44.2 | | | 29.5 | | | 49.8 | % |
Operating expenses | | 24.8 | | | 24.6 | | | 0.8 | % | | 50.6 | | | 48.3 | | | 4.8 | % |
DAC amortization expense, excluding unlocking | | 7.2 | | | 6.6 | | | 9.1 | % | | 14.6 | | | 13.5 | | | 8.1 | % |
DAC unlocking | | 3.7 | | | (0.4) | | | N.M. | | 6.2 | | | (1.0) | | | N.M. |
Intangible asset amortization expense | | 0.3 | | | 0.2 | | | 50.0 | % | | 0.6 | | | 0.6 | | | — | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income before income taxes | | 20.7 | | | 20.1 | | | 3.0 | % | | 35.0 | | | 33.7 | | | 3.9 | % |
Income tax expense | | 3.4 | | | 3.6 | | | -5.6 | % | | 5.9 | | | 5.8 | | | 1.7 | % |
Net income | | 17.3 | | | 16.5 | | | 4.8 | % | | 29.1 | | | 27.9 | | | 4.3 | % |
Core earnings* | | 17.3 | | | 16.5 | | | 4.8 | % | | 29.1 | | | 27.9 | | | 4.3 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Life policies in force (in thousands) | | | | | | | | 162 | | | 163 | | | -0.6 | % |
Life insurance in force | | | | | | | | $ | 19,714 | | | $ | 19,239 | | | 2.5 | % |
Life persistency - LTM | | | | | | | | 96.2 | % | | 96.0 | % | | 0.2 | pts |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Annuity contracts in force (in thousands) | | | | | | | | 228 | | | 229 | | | -0.4 | % |
Retirement Advantage® contracts in force (in thousands) | | | | | | | | 16 | | | 13 | | | 23.1 | % |
Cash value persistency - LTM | | | | | | | | 94.1 | % | | 94.9 | % | | -0.8 | pts |
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, life annualized sales* were slightly below the prior year periods with persistency for life products of 96.2% remaining in line with prior year periods.
For the six months ended June 30, 2022, net annuity contract deposits* for variable and fixed annuities decreased $7.0 million from strong prior year levels. Our relationship with educators often begins with our 403(b) retirement savings products, including our attractive annuity products, which provide encouraging cross-sell opportunities. Cash value persistency remained strong at 94.1%.
As of June 30, 2022, annuity assets under management were down $0.3 billion, or 5.5%, compared to a year ago primarily due to market depreciation. Assets under administration, which includes Retirement Advantage® and other advisory and recordkeeping assets were down $1.1 billion, or 11.4%, compared to a year ago largely due to the effect of equity market performance on assets under management. The year-to-date annualized net interest spread on fixed annuities, excluding reinsurance, increased 36 basis points, primarily reflecting higher net investment income.
We actively manage our interest rate risk exposure, considering a variety of factors, including earned interest rates, credited interest rates and the relationship between the expected durations of assets and liabilities. We estimate that over the next 12 months approximately $529.1$722.1 million of the Retirement and Life combined& Retirement investment portfolio and related investable cash flows will be reinvested at current market rates. As interest rates remain at low levels, borrowers may prepay or redeem the securities with greater frequency in order to borrow at lower market rates, which could increase investable cash flows and exacerbate the reinvestment risk.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 38 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
As a general guideline, for a 100 basis point decline in the average reinvestment rate and based on our existing policies and investment portfolio, the impact from investing in that lower interest rate environment could further reduce Life & Retirement net investment income by approximately $2.0$2.7 million in year one and $6.0$8.2 million in year two, further reducing the annualized net interest spread on fixed annuities by approximately 79 basis points and 2027 basis points in the respective periods, compared to the current period annualized net interest spread on fixed annuities. We could also consider potential changes in rates credited to policyholders, tempered by any restrictions on the ability to adjust policyholder rates due to guaranteed minimum guaranteed crediting rates.
The expectation for future annualized net interest spreads on fixed annuities is also an important component in the amortization of DAC. In terms of the sensitivity of this amortization to the annualized net interest spread on fixed annuities, based on DAC as of SeptemberJune 30, 20212022 and assuming all other assumptions are met, a 10 basis point deviation in the current year targeted annualized net interest rate spread on the fixed annuities assumption would impact amortization between $0.3 million and $0.4 million. This result may change depending on the magnitude and direction of any actual deviations but represents a range of reasonably likely experience for the noted assumption.
We reinsure a $2.4 billion block of in force fixed annuities with a minimum crediting rate of 4.5% which helps mitigate the risk of not being able to generate appropriate spreads on the annuity business. Information regarding the interest crediting rates and balances equal to the guaranteed minimum guaranteed ratecrediting rates for deferred annuity account values excluding the reinsured block is shown below.
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | September 30, 2021 | ($ in millions) | | June 30, 2022 |
| | Total Deferred Annuities | | Deferred Annuities at Minimum Guaranteed Rate | | Total Deferred Annuities | | Deferred Annuities at Minimum Guaranteed Rate |
| | Percent of Total | | Accumulated Value (AV) | | Percent of Total Deferred Annuities AV | | Percent of Total | | Accumulated Value | | Percent of Total | | Accumulated Value (AV) | | Percent of Total Deferred Annuities AV | | Percent of Total | | Accumulated Value |
Minimum guaranteed interest rates: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Guaranteed minimum crediting rates: | | Guaranteed minimum crediting rates: | | | | | | | | | | |
Less than 2% | Less than 2% | | 55.2 | % | | $ | 1,393.1 | | | 62.7 | % | | 44.6 | % | | $ | 873.0 | | Less than 2% | | 56.0 | % | | $ | 1,422.2 | | | 73.0 | % | | 49.2 | % | | $ | 1,037.9 | |
Equal to 2% but less than 3% | Equal to 2% but less than 3% | | 11.3 | % | | 285.5 | | | 83.5 | % | | 12.2 | % | | 238.3 | | Equal to 2% but less than 3% | | 11.1 | | | 283.2 | | | 83.8 | | | 11.2 | | | 237.4 | |
Equal to 3% but less than 4% | Equal to 3% but less than 4% | | 24.8 | % | | 627.1 | | | 99.9 | % | | 32.0 | % | | 626.8 | | Equal to 3% but less than 4% | | 24.5 | | | 623.1 | | | 99.9 | | | 29.5 | | | 622.7 | |
Equal to 4% but less than 5% | Equal to 4% but less than 5% | | 6.7 | % | | 169.4 | | | 100.0 | % | | 8.6 | % | | 169.4 | | Equal to 4% but less than 5% | | 6.5 | | | 165.1 | | | 100.0 | | | 7.8 | | | 165.1 | |
5% or higher | 5% or higher | | 2.0 | % | | 50.0 | | | 100.0 | % | | 2.6 | % | | 50.0 | | 5% or higher | | 1.9 | | | 47.9 | | | 100.0 | | | 2.3 | | | 47.9 | |
Total | Total | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 2,525.1 | | | 77.5 | % | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 1,957.5 | | Total | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 2,541.5 | | | 83.1 | % | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 2,111.0 | |
We will continue to be disciplined in executing strategies to mitigate the negative impact on profitability of a sustained low interest rate environment. However, the success of these strategies may be affected by the factors discussed in Part I - Item 1A in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20202021 and other factors in this report.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 38 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Life
(All comparisons vs. same periods in 2020, unless noted otherwise)
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, net income reflected the following factors:
•Higher net investment income driven by favorable returns on limited partnership interests
•Higher premiums and contract charges earned
•Higher mortality costs
The following table provides certain information for Life for the periods indicated.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions, unless otherwise indicated) | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change | | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change |
Financial Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Premiums written and contract deposits* | | $ | 30.1 | | | $ | 26.9 | | | 11.9 | % | | $ | 84.8 | | | $ | 79.3 | | | 6.9 | % |
Premiums and contract charges earned | | 31.2 | | | 29.4 | | | 6.1 | % | | 92.7 | | | 88.0 | | | 5.3 | % |
Net investment income | | 21.1 | | | 18.2 | | | 15.9 | % | | 60.5 | | | 49.4 | | | 22.5 | % |
Benefits and settlement expenses | | 24.0 | | | 21.2 | | | 13.2 | % | | 74.4 | | | 64.5 | | | 15.3 | % |
Interest credited | | 11.1 | | | 11.2 | | | -0.9 | % | | 33.5 | | | 33.7 | | | -0.6 | % |
Operating expenses | | 9.3 | | | 8.4 | | | 10.7 | % | | 26.8 | | | 25.8 | | | 3.9 | % |
DAC amortization expense, excluding unlocking | | 1.9 | | | 1.9 | | | — | % | | 5.7 | | | 5.8 | | | -1.7 | % |
DAC unlocking | | — | | | (0.2) | | | 100.0 | % | | — | | | (0.5) | | | 100.0 | % |
Income before income taxes | | 6.1 | | | 5.2 | | | 17.3 | % | | 13.1 | | | 8.2 | | | 59.8 | % |
Net income / core earnings* | | 5.1 | | | 4.3 | | | 18.6 | % | | 10.8 | | | 6.8 | | | 58.8 | % |
Operating Statistics: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Life insurance in force | | | | | | | | $ | 20,271 | | | $ | 19,681 | | | 3.0 | % |
Number of policies in force (thousands) | | | | | | | | 199 | | | 201 | | | -1.0 | % |
Average face amount in force (in dollars) | | | | | | | | $ | 101,734 | | | $ | 97,712 | | | 4.1 | % |
Lapse ratio (ordinary life insurance in force) | | | | | | | | 3.8 | % | | 4.3 | % | | -0.5 | pts |
Mortality costs | | | | | | | | $ | 33.4 | | | $ | 28.3 | | | 18.0 | % |
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, annualized sales* were unchanged on steady new sales of recurring policies and an increase in sales of single premium policies. Full-year persistency for life products of 96.2% remains in line with prior year periods. Mortality costs were elevated.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 39 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Supplemental & Group Benefits
(All comparisons vs. same periods in 2021, unless noted otherwise)
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, net income reflected the following factors:
•Inclusion of Madison National's results
•Year-to date sales* of voluntary products were up $1.4 million, or 63.6%, and year-to-date sales* of employer-sponsored products added another $3.6 million
The following table provides certain information for Supplemental & Group Benefits for the periods indicated.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | 2022-2021 | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | 2022-2021 |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | Change | | 2022 | | 2021 | | Change |
Supplemental & Group Benefits | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net premiums and contract charges earned | | $ | 69.1 | | | $ | 32.3 | | | 113.9 | % | | $ | 139.0 | | | $ | 64.7 | | | 114.8 | % |
Net investment income | | 9.6 | | | 6.4 | | | 50.0 | % | | 16.7 | | | 11.8 | | | 41.5 | % |
Other income | | (4.8) | | | 0.6 | | | N.M. | | (3.2) | | | 1.3 | | | N.M. |
Benefits, settlement expenses and change in reserves | | 26.7 | | | 10.1 | | | N.M. | | 61.5 | | | 20.2 | | | N.M. |
Interest credited | | 0.2 | | | 0.1 | | | N.M. | | 0.3 | | | 0.1 | | | N.M. |
Operating expenses (includes DAC unlocking and amortization expense) | | 26.5 | | | 10.7 | | | 147.7 | % | | 52.0 | | | 21.7 | | | 139.6 | % |
Intangible asset amortization expense | | 3.9 | | | 3.0 | | | 30.0 | % | | 7.8 | | | 5.9 | | | 32.2 | % |
Income before income taxes | | 16.6 | | | 15.4 | | | 7.8 | % | | 30.9 | | | 29.9 | | | 3.3 | % |
Net income | | 13.2 | | | 12.0 | | | 10.0 | % | | 24.4 | | | 23.3 | | | 4.7 | % |
Core earnings* | | 13.2 | | | 12.0 | | | 10.0 | % | | 24.4 | | | 23.3 | | | 4.7 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Benefits ratio(1) | | 38.9 | % | | 31.6 | % | | 7.3 | pts | | 44.5 | % | | 31.4 | % | | 13.1 | pts |
Operating expense ratio(2) | | 35.9 | % | | 27.2 | % | | 8.7 | pts | | 34.1 | % | | 27.9 | % | | 6.2 | pts |
Pretax profit margin(3) | | 22.5 | % | | 39.2 | % | | -16.7 | pts | | 20.3 | % | | 38.4 | % | | -18.1 | pts |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Voluntary products benefits ratio | | 34.3 | % | | 31.3 | % | | 3.0 | pts | | 31.8 | % | | 31.1 | % | | 0.7 | pts |
Voluntary premium persistency (rolling 12 months) | | 92.0 | % | | 90.7 | % | | 1.3 | pts | | 92.0 | % | | 90.7 | % | | 1.3 | pts |
Employer-sponsored products benefits ratio | | 42.6 | % | | — | % | | 42.6 | pts | | 54.4 | % | | — | % | | N.M. |
(1) Ratio of benefits to net premiums earned.
(2) Ratio of operating expenses to total revenues.
(3) Ratio of income before taxes to total revenues.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, total sales* were $3.5 million and $7.2 million, respectively. Sales of voluntary products* were $2.2 million and $3.6 million for three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively, representing increases of 83.3% and 63.6% compared to the prior year periods, with persistency up 1.3 pts at 92.0%. Sales of employer-sponsored products* added another $3.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, in line with management's expectations.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 40 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Net income was slightly higher compared to the prior year periods. The current periods include the results of Madison National which is driving increases in (1) benefits, settlement expenses and change in reserves, (2) operating expenses (includes DAC unlocking and amortization), and (3) intangible asset amortization expense. The non-cash impact of amortization of intangible assets under purchase accounting reduced net income by $3.9 million and $7.8 million pretax for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022. Pretax profit margin reflects a combination of voluntary and employer-sponsored products. The pretax margin reflected the addition of the newly acquired employer-sponsored products.
Corporate and& Other
(All comparisons vs. same periods in 2020,2021, unless noted otherwise)
The following table provides certain financial information for Corporate and& Other for the periods indicated.
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($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change % | | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change % |
Interest expense | | $ | 3.4 | | | $ | 3.4 | | | — | % | | $ | 10.3 | | | $ | 11.3 | | | -8.8 | % |
Net investment (losses) gains pretax | | (6.5) | | | 2.5 | | | N.M. | | (10.6) | | | (12.8) | | | N.M. |
Tax on net investment (losses) gains | | (1.4) | | | 0.6 | | | N.M. | | (2.3) | | | (2.7) | | | N.M. |
Net investment (losses) gains after tax | | (5.1) | | | 1.9 | | | N.M. | | (8.3) | | | (10.1) | | | N.M. |
Net loss | | (9.6) | | | (2.0) | | | N.M. | | (22.0) | | | (22.2) | | | 0.9 | % |
Core earnings (loss)* | | (4.5) | | | (3.9) | | | -15.4 | % | | (13.7) | | | (12.1) | | | -13.2 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | 2022-2021 | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | 2022-2021 |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | Change % | | 2022 | | 2021 | | Change % |
Interest expense | | $ | (4.3) | | | $ | (3.5) | | | -22.9 | % | | $ | (8.2) | | | $ | (6.9) | | | -18.8 | % |
Net investment gains (losses) pretax | | (15.5) | | | 4.9 | | | N.M. | | (31.0) | | | (4.1) | | | N.M. |
Operating expenses | | (2.5) | | | (2.8) | | | 10.7 | % | | (4.5) | | | (4.7) | | | 4.3 | % |
Net investment gains (losses) after tax | | (12.2) | | | 3.9 | | | N.M. | | (24.4) | | | (3.2) | | | N.M. |
Net loss | | (17.6) | | | (1.1) | | | N.M. | | (34.6) | | | (12.4) | | | N.M. |
Core loss* | | (5.4) | | | (5.0) | | | -8.0 | % | | (10.2) | | | (9.2) | | | -10.9 | % |
For the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021, the2022, net losslosses increased primarily due to net investment losses which are mainly from changes in net investment (losses) gains.fair values of equity securities.
Investment Results
(All comparisons vs. same periods in 2020,2021, unless noted otherwise)
Our investment strategy is primarily focused on generating income to support product liabilities, and balances principal protection and risk. Total net investment income includes net investment income from our investment portfolio as well as accreted investment income from the deposit asset on reinsurance related to our reinsured block of approximately $2.4 billion of fixed annuity liabilities related to legacy individual policies written in 2002 or earlier.
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 | ($ in millions) | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | 2022-2021 | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | 2022-2021 |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change % | | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change % | | 2022 | | 2021 | | Change % | | 2022 | | 2021 | | Change % |
Net investment income - investment portfolio | Net investment income - investment portfolio | | $ | 78.1 | | | $ | 69.2 | | | 12.9 | % | | $ | 233.3 | | | $ | 184.3 | | | 26.6 | % | Net investment income - investment portfolio | | $ | 79.4 | | | $ | 84.1 | | | -5.6 | % | | $ | 152.4 | | | $ | 155.2 | | | -1.8 | % |
Investment income - deposit asset on reinsurance | Investment income - deposit asset on reinsurance | | 25.6 | | | 24.5 | | | 4.5 | % | | 75.1 | | | 72.1 | | | 4.2 | % | Investment income - deposit asset on reinsurance | | 25.8 | | | 25.1 | | | 2.8 | % | | 50.7 | | | 49.5 | | | 2.4 | % |
Total net investment income | Total net investment income | | 103.7 | | | 93.7 | | | 10.7 | % | | 308.4 | | | 256.4 | | | 20.3 | % | Total net investment income | | 105.2 | | | 109.2 | | | -3.7 | % | | 203.1 | | | 204.7 | | | -0.8 | % |
Pretax net investment (losses) gains | | (6.5) | | | 2.5 | | | N.M. | | (10.6) | | | (12.8) | | | N.M. | |
Pretax net unrealized investment gains on fixed maturity securities | | 466.4 | | | 496.2 | | | -6.0 | % | |
Pretax net investment gains (losses) | | Pretax net investment gains (losses) | | (15.5) | | | 4.9 | | | N.M. | | (31.0) | | | (4.1) | | | N.M. |
Pretax net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities | | Pretax net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities | | (358.5) | | | 505.6 | | | N.M. |
Excluding accretedNet investment income on the deposit asset on reinsurance, netfrom our investment income increased $8.9portfolio decreased $4.7 million and $49.0$2.8 million for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021, primarily due to more favorable2022 respectively, as returns on limited partnership interests, while still elevated over historical levels, are lower than the outsized returns from the prior year periods. Net investment income from our investment portfolio benefited from yield expansion in the core fixed income portfolio and higher invested asset levels in both commercial mortgage loan funds and limited partnership interests.
For the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, pretax net investment losses increased $9.0$20.4 million and pretax net investment losses decreased $2.2$26.9 million, respectively. The increaserespectively, which are mainly from changes in net investment losses for the current quarter is primarily attributable to recognitionfair values of $6.6 million in credit loss impairments.equity securities. Pretax net unrealized investment gainslosses on fixed maturity securities as of June 30, 2022 were down $90.3$358.5 million compared to December 31, 2020, reflecting a 58 basis point increase in the 10-year U.S. Treasury yield that more than offset tighter credit spreads across most asset classes.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 4041 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
pretax net unrealized investment gains of $441.6 million as of December 31, 2021 reflecting a 150 basis point increase in the 10-year U.S. Treasury yield and wider credit spreads across most asset classes.
Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities Portfolios
The table below presents our fixed maturity and equity securities portfolios by major asset class, including the 10 largest sectors of our corporate bond holdings (based on fair value).
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | September 30, 2021 | ($ in millions) | | June 30, 2022 |
| | Number of Issuers | | Fair Value | | Amortized Cost, net | | Pretax Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) | | Number of Issuers | | Fair Value | | Amortized Cost, net | | Pretax Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) |
Fixed maturity securities | Fixed maturity securities | | | | | | | | | Fixed maturity securities | | | | | | | | |
Corporate bonds | Corporate bonds | | Corporate bonds | |
Banking & Finance | Banking & Finance | | 148 | | | $ | 510.5 | | | $ | 470.9 | | | $ | 39.6 | | Banking & Finance | | 178 | | | $ | 504.2 | | | $ | 543.3 | | | $ | (39.1) | |
Energy(1) | | 90 | | | 198.5 | | | 182.1 | | | 16.4 | | |
Insurance | Insurance | | 54 | | | 197.1 | | | 173.3 | | | 23.8 | | Insurance | | 59 | | | 162.4 | | | 172.0 | | | (9.6) | |
Healthcare, Pharmacy | | 94 | | | 182.6 | | | 168.6 | | | 14.0 | | |
Miscellaneous | | Miscellaneous | | 40 | | | 150.9 | | | 153.8 | | | (2.9) | |
Energy | | Energy | | 93 | | | 149.9 | | | 164.6 | | | (14.7) | |
HealthCare, Pharmacy | | HealthCare, Pharmacy | | 89 | | | 139.9 | | | 158.3 | | | (18.4) | |
Utilities | | Utilities | | 83 | | | 130.5 | | | 145.8 | | | (15.3) | |
Real Estate | Real Estate | | 45 | | | 139.6 | | | 132.9 | | | 6.7 | | Real Estate | | 47 | | | 107.3 | | | 114.2 | | | (6.9) | |
Utilities | | 73 | | | 139.6 | | | 128.6 | | | 11.0 | | |
Miscellaneous | | 39 | | | 133.8 | | | 132.7 | | | 1.1 | | |
Transportation | Transportation | | 50 | | | 130.0 | | | 121.5 | | | 8.5 | | Transportation | | 54 | | | 104.2 | | | 113.0 | | | (8.8) | |
Food and Beverage | Food and Beverage | | 38 | | | 99.1 | | | 87.4 | | | 11.7 | | Food and Beverage | | 36 | | | 82.6 | | | 89.0 | | | (6.4) | |
Technology | | 45 | | | 97.0 | | | 91.9 | | | 5.1 | | |
Consumer Products | | Consumer Products | | 60 | | | 74.8 | | | 86.9 | | | (12.1) | |
All other corporates(2)(1) | All other corporates(2)(1) | | 370 | | | 623.8 | | | 578.9 | | | 44.9 | | All other corporates(2)(1) | | 360 | | | 543.8 | | | 601.9 | | | (58.1) | |
Total corporate bonds | Total corporate bonds | | 1,046 | | | 2,451.6 | | | 2,268.8 | | | 182.8 | | Total corporate bonds | | 1,099 | | | 2,150.5 | | | 2,342.8 | | | (192.3) | |
Mortgage-backed securities | Mortgage-backed securities | | Mortgage-backed securities | |
U.S. Government and federally sponsored agencies | U.S. Government and federally sponsored agencies | | 264 | | | 487.2 | | | 452.6 | | | 34.6 | | U.S. Government and federally sponsored agencies | | 260 | | | 405.1 | | | 426.9 | | | (21.8) | |
Commercial(3)(2) | Commercial(3)(2) | | 134 | | | 318.5 | | | 292.4 | | | 26.1 | | Commercial(3)(2) | | 151 | | | 302.5 | | | 316.7 | | | (14.2) | |
Other | Other | | 38 | | | 35.8 | | | 35.5 | | | 0.3 | | Other | | 33 | | | 16.8 | | | 17.5 | | | (0.7) | |
Municipal bonds(4)(3) | Municipal bonds(4)(3) | | 608 | | | 1,775.5 | | | 1,592.5 | | | 183.0 | | Municipal bonds(4)(3) | | 617 | | | 1,426.3 | | | 1,476.6 | | | (50.3) | |
Government bonds | Government bonds | | Government bonds | |
U.S. | U.S. | | 40 | | | 408.9 | | | 385.7 | | | 23.2 | | U.S. | | 43 | | | 371.3 | | | 409.5 | | | (38.2) | |
Foreign | Foreign | | 7 | | | 44.0 | | | 40.2 | | | 3.8 | | Foreign | | 8 | | | 41.4 | | | 41.3 | | | 0.1 | |
Collateralized loan obligations(5)(4) | Collateralized loan obligations(5)(4) | | 183 | | | 687.8 | | | 683.6 | | | 4.2 | | Collateralized loan obligations(5)(4) | | 216 | | | 680.5 | | | 701.9 | | | (21.4) | |
Asset-backed securities | Asset-backed securities | | 102 | | | 302.7 | | | 294.3 | | | 8.4 | | Asset-backed securities | | 118 | | | 293.6 | | | 313.3 | | | (19.7) | |
Total fixed maturity securities | Total fixed maturity securities | | 2,422 | | | $ | 6,512.0 | | | $ | 6,045.6 | | | $ | 466.4 | | Total fixed maturity securities | | 2,545 | | | $ | 5,688.0 | | | $ | 6,046.5 | | | $ | (358.5) | |
| Equity securities | Equity securities | | Equity securities | |
Non-redeemable preferred stocks | Non-redeemable preferred stocks | | 28 | | | $ | 121.3 | | | Non-redeemable preferred stocks | | 29 | | | $ | 98.8 | | |
Common stocks | Common stocks | | 93 | | | 8.9 | | | Common stocks | | 5 | | | 0.6 | | |
Closed-end fund | Closed-end fund | | 1 | | | 22.1 | | | Closed-end fund | | 1 | | | 17.9 | | |
Total equity securities | Total equity securities | | 122 | | | $ | 152.3 | | | Total equity securities | | 35 | | | $ | 117.3 | | |
| Total | Total | | 2,544 | | | $ | 6,664.3 | | | | Total | | 2,580 | | | $ | 5,805.3 | | | |
(1)At September 30, 2021, the fair value amount included $381.9 million which were non-investment grade.
(2)The All other corporates category contains 18 additional industry sectors. BroadcastingTechnology, industry manufacturing, telecommunications, broadcasting and media telecommunications, consumer products, industry manufacturing and metal and miningleisure entertainment represented $325.8$283 million of fair value at SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, with the remaining 13 sectors each representing less than $298.1$261 million.
(3)(2)At SeptemberJune 30, 2021, 98.7%2022, 100% were investment grade, with an overall credit rating of AA+, and the positions were well diversified by property type, geography and sponsor.
(4)(3)Holdings are geographically diversified, 49.6%46.4% are tax-exempt and 76.8%77.5% are revenue bonds tied to essential services, such as mass transit, water and sewer. The overall credit quality of the municipal bond portfolio was AA- at SeptemberJune 30, 2021.2022.
(5)(4)Based on fair value, 91.9%93.3% of the collateralized loan obligation securities were rated investment grade based on ratings assigned by Standarda nationally recognized statistical ratings organization (NRSRO - S&P, Moody's, Fitch, Dominion, AM Best, Morningstar, Egan Jones and Poor's Global Inc. (S&P), Moody's Investors Service, Inc. (Moody's) and/or Fitch Ratings, Inc. (Fitch) at September 30, 2021.Kroll).
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 4142 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
At SeptemberAs of June 30, 2021,2022, our diversified fixed maturity securities portfolio consisted of 3,8193,912 investment positions, issued by 2,4222,545 entities, and totaled approximately $6.5$5.7 billion in fair value. This portfolio was 86.4%90.4% investment grade, based on fair value, with an average quality rating of A+. Our investment guidelines target single corporate issuer concentrations to 0.5% of invested assets for AAA or AA rated securities, 0.35% of invested assets for A or BBB rated securities, and $5.0 million for non-investment grade securities.
Rating of Fixed Maturity Securities and Equity Securities(1)
The following table presents the composition and fair value of our fixed maturity and equity securities portfolios by rating category. At SeptemberAs of June 30, 2021, 85.9%2022, 90.0% of these combined portfolios were investment grade, based on fair value, with an overall average quality rating of A+. We have classified the entire fixed maturity securities portfolio as available for sale, which is carried at fair value.
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Percent of Portfolio Fair Value | | September 30, 2021 | ($ in millions) | | Percent of Portfolio Fair Value | | June 30, 2022 |
| | December 31, 2020 | | September 30, 2021 | | Fair Value | | Amortized Cost, net | | December 31, 2021 | | June 30, 2022 | | Fair Value | | Amortized Cost, net |
Fixed maturity securities | Fixed maturity securities | | | | | | | | | Fixed maturity securities | | | | | | | | |
AAA | AAA | | 11.6 | % | | 9.8 | % | | $ | 636.5 | | | $ | 614.4 | | AAA | | 10.1 | % | | 10.1 | % | | $ | 574.8 | | | $ | 600.6 | |
AA(2) | AA(2) | | 40.0 | % | | 37.6 | % | | 2,450.3 | | | 2,256.5 | | AA(2) | | 37.1 | | | 38.4 | | | 2,183.2 | | | 2,321.1 | |
A | A | | 18.7 | % | | 17.0 | % | | 1,104.1 | | | 1,004.7 | | A | | 19.2 | | | 18.0 | | | 1,025.8 | | | 1,075.1 | |
BBB | BBB | | 21.2 | % | | 22.0 | % | | 1,433.5 | | | 1,316.7 | | BBB | | 23.6 | | | 23.9 | | | 1,356.6 | | | 1,475.7 | |
BB | BB | | 2.4 | % | | 2.9 | % | | 185.6 | | | 176.3 | | BB | | 3.1 | | | 2.8 | | | 157.8 | | | 172.6 | |
B | B | | 1.1 | % | | 1.3 | % | | 86.5 | | | 85.2 | | B | | 1.3 | | | 1.5 | | | 84.9 | | | 92.2 | |
CCC or lower | CCC or lower | | 0.1 | % | | — | % | | 2.7 | | | 2.6 | | CCC or lower | | — | | | — | | | 1.0 | | | 1.1 | |
Not rated(3) | Not rated(3) | | 4.9 | % | | 9.4 | % | | 612.8 | | | 589.2 | | Not rated(3) | | 5.6 | | | 5.3 | | | 303.9 | | | 308.1 | |
Total fixed maturity securities | Total fixed maturity securities | | 100.0 | % | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 6,512.0 | | | $ | 6,045.6 | | Total fixed maturity securities | | 100.0 | % | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 5,688.0 | | | $ | 6,046.5 | |
Equity securities | Equity securities | | | | | | | | | Equity securities | | | | | | | | |
AAA | AAA | | — | % | | — | % | | $ | — | | | AAA | | — | | | — | | | $ | — | | |
AA | AA | | — | % | | — | % | | — | | | AA | | — | | | — | | | — | | |
A | A | | 0.7 | % | | 0.5 | % | | 0.8 | | | A | | 0.5 | % | | 0.5 | % | | 0.6 | | |
BBB | BBB | | 62.2 | % | | 66.0 | % | | 100.5 | | | BBB | | 67.3 | | | 69.0 | | | 80.9 | | |
BB | BB | | 10.9 | % | | 12.5 | % | | 19.0 | | | BB | | 12.7 | | | 13.2 | | | 15.5 | | |
B | B | | — | % | | — | % | | — | | | B | | — | | | — | | | — | | |
CCC or lower | CCC or lower | | — | % | | — | % | | — | | | CCC or lower | | — | | | — | | | — | | |
Not rated | Not rated | | 26.2 | % | | 21.0 | % | | 32.0 | | | Not rated | | 19.5 | | | 17.3 | | | 20.3 | | |
Total equity securities | Total equity securities | | 100.0 | % | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 152.3 | | | Total equity securities | | 100.0 | % | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 117.3 | | |
| Total | Total | | | $ | 6,664.3 | | | | Total | | | $ | 5,805.3 | | | |
(1)Ratings are as assigned primarily by S&Pan NRSRO when available, with remaining ratings as assigned onIf no rating is available from an equivalent basis by Moody's or Fitch.NRSRO, then an internally developed rating is used. Ratings for publicly traded securities are determined when the securities are acquired and are updated monthly to reflect any changes in ratings.
(2)At SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, the AA rated fair value amount included $402.1$364.3 million of U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency securities and $685.6$603.3 million of mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities issued by U.S. Government and federally sponsored agencies.
(3)This category primarily represents private placement and municipal securities not rated by either S&P, Moody's or Fitch.an NRSRO.
At SeptemberAs of June 30, 2021,2022, the fixed maturity securities portfolio had $19.1$425.0 million of pretax gross unrealized investment losses on $889.5$4,344.4 million of fair value related to 5303,055 positions. Of the investment positions with gross unrealized losses, there were 14351 trading below 80.0% of the carrying value at Septemberas of June 30, 2021.2022.
We view the pretax gross unrealized investment losses of all our fixed maturity securities at Septemberas of June 30, 20212022 as temporary. Future changes in circumstances related to these and other securities could require subsequent recognition of impairment.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 4243 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our liquidity and access to capital were not materially impacted by COVID-19, inflation or the impacts of changes in interest rates during the first six months of 2022. For further discussion regarding the potential future impacts of COVID-19, inflation and changes in interest rates, see Part I – Item 1A - Risk Factors and Part II – Item 7 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Effects of Inflation and Changes in Interest Rates in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
At SeptemberAs of June 30, 20212022 and 2020,2021, we did not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or for other contractually narrow or limited purposes. As such, we are not exposed to any financing, liquidity, market or credit risk that could arise if we engaged in such relationships.
Investments
Information regarding our investment portfolio, which is comprised primarily of investment grade fixed maturity securities, is presented in Part I - Item 1, Note 3 of the Consolidated Financial Statements as well as Part I - Item 2 - InvestmentsInvestment Results in this report.
Cash Flow
Our short-term liquidity requirements, within a 12 month operating cycle, are for the timely payment of claims and benefits to policyholders, operating expenses, interest payments and federal income taxes. Cash flow generated from operations has been, and is expected to be, adequate to meet our operating cash needs in the next 12 months. Cash flow in excess of operational needs has been used to fund business growth, pay dividends to shareholders and repurchase shares of our common stock. Long-term liquidity requirements, beyond one year, are principally for the payment of future insurance and annuity policy claims and benefits, as well as retirement of debt. The following table summarizes our consolidated cash flows activity for the periods indicated.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change % |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | $ | 178.1 | | | $ | 267.8 | | | -33.5 | % |
Net cash used in investing activities | | (351.0) | | | (368.8) | | | 4.8 | % |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | 190.8 | | | 141.0 | | | 35.3 | % |
Net increase in cash | | 17.9 | | | 40.0 | | | -55.3 | % |
Cash at beginning of period | | 22.3 | | | 25.5 | | | -12.5 | % |
Cash at end of period | | $ | 40.2 | | | $ | 65.5 | | | -38.6 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | 2022-2021 |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | Change % |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | $ | 80.0 | | | $ | 116.6 | | | -31.4 | % |
Net cash used in investing activities | | (296.1) | | | (343.1) | | | 13.7 | % |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | 132.5 | | | 233.6 | | | -43.3 | % |
Net increase (decrease) in cash | | (83.6) | | | 7.1 | | | N.M. |
Cash at beginning of period | | 133.7 | | | 22.3 | | | N.M. |
Cash at end of period | | $ | 50.1 | | | $ | 29.4 | | | 70.4 | % |
Operating Activities
As a holding company, we conduct our principal operations in the personal lines segment of the property and casualty, supplemental, group and life insurance industries through our subsidiaries. Our insurance subsidiaries generate cash flow from premium and investment income, generally well in excess of their immediate needs for policy obligations, operating expenses and other cash requirements. Cash provided by operating activities primarily reflects net cash flows generated by the insurance subsidiaries.
For the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, net cash provided by operating activities decreased $89.7$36.6 million, primarily due to higher claims paid on insurance policies partially offset by higher investment income collected.policies.
Investing Activities
Our insurance subsidiaries maintain significant investments in fixed maturity securities to meet future contractual obligations to policyholders. In conjunction with our management of liquidity and other asset/liability management objectives, we, from time to time, will sell fixed maturity securities prior to maturity, and reinvest
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 44 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
the proceeds into other investments with different interest rates, maturities or credit characteristics. Accordingly, we have classified the entire fixed maturity securities portfolio as available for sale.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 43 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Investing activities includes our acquisition of Madison National for the six months ended June 30, 2022.Financing Activities
Financing activities include primarily payment of dividends, receipt and withdrawal of funds by annuity contractholders, changes in the deposit asset on reinsurance, issuances and repurchases of our common stock, fluctuations in book overdraft balances, and borrowings, repayments and repurchases related to debt facilities.
For the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, net cash provided by financing activities increased $49.8decreased $101.1 million compared to the prior year period, primarily due to a $242.0$183.0 million net increasedecrease in cash inflows from advances received under Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago (FHLB) funding agreements partially offset by a $50.0$95.8 million principal repayment on FHLB borrowings.net increase in cash inflows from reverse repurchase agreements.
The following table shows activity from FHLB funding agreements for the periods indicated.
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | 2021-2020 | | 2021-2020 | ($ in millions) | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | 2022-2021 | | 2022-2021 |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | Change $ | | Change % | | 2022 | | 2021 | | Change $ | | Change % |
Balance at beginning of the period | Balance at beginning of the period | | $ | 590.5 | | | $ | 495.0 | | | $ | 95.5 | | | 19.3 | % | Balance at beginning of the period | | $ | 782.5 | | | $ | 590.5 | | | $ | 192.0 | | | 32.5 | % |
Advances received from FHLB funding agreements | Advances received from FHLB funding agreements | | 446.0 | | | 95.5 | | | 350.5 | | | N.M. | Advances received from FHLB funding agreements | | 94.0 | | | 267.0 | | | (173.0) | | | -64.8 | % |
Principal repayments on FHLB funding agreements | Principal repayments on FHLB funding agreements | | (204.0) | | | — | | | (204.0) | | | N.M. | Principal repayments on FHLB funding agreements | | (10.0) | | | — | | | (10.0) | | | N.M. |
Balance at end of the period | Balance at end of the period | | $ | 832.5 | | | $ | 590.5 | | | $ | 242.0 | | | 41.0 | % | Balance at end of the period | | $ | 866.5 | | | $ | 857.5 | | | $ | 9.0 | | | 1.0 | % |
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 4445 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Liquidity Sources and Uses
Our potential sources and uses of funds principally include the following activities:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Property and& Casualty | | Supplemental | | Life & Retirement | | LifeSupplemental & Group Benefits | | Corporate and& Other |
Activities for potential sources of funds | | | | | | | | | | |
Receipt of insurance premiums, contractholder charges and fees | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | |
Recurring service fees, commissions and overrides | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ |
Contractholder fund deposits | | | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | |
Reinsurance and indemnification program recoveries | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | |
Receipts of principal, interest and dividends on investments | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ |
Sales of investments | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ |
Funds from FHLB agreements | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ |
FundsProceeds from FHLB and line of credit
reverse repurchase agreements | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ |
Intercompany loans | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ |
Capital contributions from parent | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | |
Dividends or return of capital from subsidiaries | | | | | | | | | | ☑ |
Tax refunds/settlements | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ |
Funds from periodic issuance of additional securities | | | | | | | | | | ☑ |
Proceeds from debt issuances | | | | | | | | ☑ |
Proceeds from senior revolving credit facility | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ |
Receipt of intercompany settlements related to employee benefit plans | | | | | | | | | | ☑ |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Activities for potential uses of funds | | | | | | | | | | |
Payment of claims and related expenses | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | |
Payment of contract benefits, surrenders and withdrawals | | | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | |
Reinsurance cessions and indemnification program payments | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | |
Operating costs and expenses | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ |
Purchase of investments | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ |
Repayment of FHLB and line of credit agreements | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ |
Repayment of reverse repurchase agreements | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ |
Payment or repayment of intercompany loans | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ |
Capital contributions to subsidiaries | | | | | | | | | | ☑ |
Dividends or return of capital to shareholders/parent company | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ |
Tax payments/settlements | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ |
Common share repurchases | | | | | | | | | | ☑ |
Debt service expenses and repayment | | | | | | | | | | ☑ |
Repayment on senior revolving credit facility | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ | | ☑ |
Payments related to employee benefit plans | | | | | | | | | | ☑ |
Payments for acquisitions | | | | | | | | | | ☑ |
We actively manage our financial position and liquidity levels in light of changing market, economic and business conditions. Liquidity is managed at both the entity and enterprise level across HMEC and is assessed on both base and stressed level liquidity needs. We believe we have sufficient liquidity to meet these needs. Additionally, we have existing intercompany agreements in place that facilitate liquidity management across HMEC to enhance flexibility.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 45 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, we held $1.1 billion$998.2 million of cash, U.S. government and agency fixed maturity securities and public equity securities (excluding non-redeemable preferred stocks and foreign equity securities) which, under normal market conditions, could be rapidly liquidated.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 46 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Certain remote events and circumstances could constrain our liquidity. Those events and circumstances include, for example, a catastrophe resulting in extraordinary losses, a downgrade of our Senior Notes rating to non-investment grade status or a downgrade in our insurance subsidiaries' financial strength ratings. The rating agencies also consider the interdependence of our individually rated entities; therefore, a rating change in one entity could potentially affect the ratings of other related entities.
Capital Resources
We have determined the amount of capital that is needed to adequately fund and support business growth, primarily based on risk-based capital formulas, including those developed by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. Historically, our insurance subsidiaries have generated capital in excess of such needed levels. These excess amounts have been paid to us through dividends. We have then utilized these dividends and our access to the capital markets to fund growth initiatives, service and retire debt, pay dividends to our shareholders, repurchase shares of our common stock and for other corporate purposes. If necessary, we also have other potential sources of liquidity that could provide for additional funding to meet corporate obligations or pay shareholder dividends, including a revolving line of credit, as well as issuances of various securities.
The insurance subsidiaries are subject to various regulatory restrictions that limit the amount of annual dividends or other distributions, including loans or cash advances, available to us without prior approval of the insurance regulatory authorities. The aggregate amount of dividends that may be paid in 20212022 from all of our insurance subsidiaries without prior regulatory approval is $161.9$131.9 million, excluding the impact and timing of prior dividends, of which $35.0$113.7 million was paid during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021.2022. We anticipate that our sources of capital will continue to generate sufficient capital to meet the needs for business growth, debt interest payments, shareholder dividends and our share repurchase program.programs. Additional information is contained in Part II - Item 8, Note 1314 of the Consolidated Financial Statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2021.
Total capital was $2,185.0$1,757.9 million at Septemberas of June 30, 2021,2022, including $388.6$497.8 million of short-term and long-term debt. Total debt represented 17.8%28.3% of total capital including net unrealized investment gains on fixed maturity securities (20.7%(25.2% excluding net unrealized investment gainslosses on fixed maturity securities*) at SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, which was belowslightly above our long-term target of 25%.
Shareholders' equity was $1,796.4$1,260.1 million at Septemberas of June 30, 2021,2022, including net unrealized investment gainslosses on fixed maturity securities of $306.9$220.4 million after taxes and the related impact of DAC associated with annuity contracts and life insurance products with account values. The market value of our common stock and the market value per share were $1,650.8$1,580.8 million and $39.79,$38.38, respectively, at Septemberas of June 30, 2021.2022. Book value per share and adjusted book value per share* was $43.30 at September$30.59 and $35.94, respectively, as of June 30, 2021 ($35.90 excluding net unrealized investment gains on fixed maturity securities*).2022.
Additional information regarding net unrealized investment gains on fixed maturity securities at Septemberas of June 30, 20212022 is included in Part I - Item 1, Note 3 of the Consolidated Financial Statements as well as in Part I - Item 2 - Investment Results in this report.
Total shareholder dividends paid to shareholders was $38.6$26.4 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021.2022. In March and May and September 2021,of 2022, the Board of Directors (Board) approved regular quarterly dividends of $0.31$0.32 per share.
For the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, we repurchased 44,685375,371 shares of our common stock at an average price per share of $38.26$37.36 under our 2015 share repurchase program, which is further described in Part II - Item 8, Note 1213 of the Consolidated Financial Statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2021. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2021, $18.92022, $1.3 million remained authorized for future share repurchases under the 2015 share repurchase program. During the second quarter of 2022, our Board authorized $50.0 million of share repurchases under our 2022 share repurchase program. From January 1, 2022 through July 31, 2022, we used $24.0 million to repurchase 670,816 shares at an average price of $35.82, actively utilizing our 2022 share repurchase program. See Part II - Item 2 in this report for further information.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 4647 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
The following table summarizes our debt obligations.
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | | Interest Rates | | Final Maturity | | September 30, 2021 | | December 31, 2020 | ($ in millions) | | Interest Rates | | Final Maturity | | June 30, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
| ($ in millions) | | Interest Rates | | Final Maturity | | June 30, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 | |
Short-term debt | Short-term debt | | | | | | | | | Short-term debt | | | | | | | | |
Bank Credit Facility | Bank Credit Facility | | Variable | | 2026 | | $ | 135.0 | | | $ | 135.0 | | Bank Credit Facility | | Variable | | 2026 | | $ | 249.0 | | | $ | 249.0 | |
Long-term debt(1) | Long-term debt(1) | | Long-term debt(1) | |
4.50% Senior Notes, Aggregate principal amount of $250.0 less unaccrued discount of $0.3 and $0.4 and unamortized debt issuance costs of $1.1 and $1.3 | | 4.50% | | 2025 | | 248.6 | | | 248.3 | | |
4.50% Senior Notes, Aggregate principal amount of $250.0 less unaccrued discount of $0.3 and $0.3 and unamortized debt issuance costs of $0.9 and $1.1 | | 4.50% Senior Notes, Aggregate principal amount of $250.0 less unaccrued discount of $0.3 and $0.3 and unamortized debt issuance costs of $0.9 and $1.1 | | 4.50% | | 2025 | | 248.8 | | | 248.6 | |
FHLB borrowings | FHLB borrowings | | 0.00% | | 2022 | | 5.0 | | | 54.0 | | FHLB borrowings | | 0.00% | | 2022 | | — | | | 5.0 | |
Total | Total | | | $ | 388.6 | | | $ | 437.3 | | Total | | | $ | 497.8 | | | $ | 502.6 | |
(1) We designate debt obligations as "long-term" based on maturity date at issuance.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, we had outstanding $250.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.50% Senior Notes (Senior Notes), which will mature on December 1, 2025, issued at a discount resulting in an effective yield of 4.53%. Interest on the Senior Notes is payable semi-annually at a rate of 4.50%. Detailed information regarding the redemption terms of the Senior Notes is contained in the Part II - Item 8, Note 9 of the Consolidated Financial Statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2021. The Senior Notes are traded in the open market (HMN 4.50).
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, we had $5.0 million ofno borrowings outstanding with FHLB. The Board has authorized a maximum amount equal to 25%15% of net aggregate admitted assets less separate account assets of the insurance subsidiaries for FHLB borrowing and funding agreements which is below our maximum FHLB borrowing capacity. The total $5.0 million received matures on May 16, 2022 andFHLB borrowings that was outstanding as of December 31, 2021 is reported as Long-term debt in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.Sheet.
Effective July 12, 2021, we, as borrower, amended our Credit Agreement (Bank Credit Facility). The amended Bank Credit Facility increased the amount available on the senior revolving credit facility from $225.0 million to $325.0 million. PNC Bank, National Association and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. serve as joint lead arrangers under the amended Bank Credit Facility, with The Northern Trust Company, KeyBank National Association, U.S. Bank National Association, Illinois National Bank, and Comerica Bank as lenders participating in the syndicate. Terms and conditions of the amended Bank Credit Facility are substantially consistent with the prior agreement, with an interest rate based on LIBOR plus 115 basis points.
We expect to utilizeOn December 31, 2021, we utilized $114.0 million of the senior revolving credit facility to fund a portion of the acquisition of Madison National as well as tothat occurred effective January 1, 2022, resulting in an amount outstanding of $249.0 million under the senior revolving credit facility. We expect that the unused portion of the senior revolving credit facility will be available for ongoing working capital, capital expenditures and general corporate expenditures.
As of September 30, 2021, the amount outstanding on the senior revolving credit facility was $135.0 million. The $190.0 million unused portion of the Bank Credit Facility is available for use and subject to a variable commitment fee, which was 0.15% on an annual basis at SeptemberJune 30, 2021.2022.
To provide additional capital management flexibility, we filed a "universal shelf" registration statement on Form S-3 with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on March 10, 2021. The registration statement, which registered the offer and sale from time to time of an indeterminate amount of various securities, which may include debt securities, common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares, warrants, delayed delivery contracts and/or units that include any of these securities, was automatically effective on March 10, 2021. Unless withdrawn by us earlier, this registration statement will remain effective through March 10, 2024. No securities associated with the registration statement have been issued at the time of issuance of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
On March 13, 2018, we filed a "shelf" registration statement on Form S-4 with the SEC which became effective on May 2, 2018. Under this registration statement, we may from time to time offer and issue up to 5,000,000 shares of our common stock in connection with future acquisitions of other businesses, assets or securities. Unless withdrawn by us, this registration statement will remain effective indefinitely. No securities associated with the registration statement have been issued at the time of issuance of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 4748 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Financial Ratings
Our principal insurance subsidiaries are rated by AMA.M. Best Company, Inc. (AM(A.M. Best), Fitch, Moody's and S&P. These rating agencies have also assigned ratings to our Senior Notes. The ratings that are assigned by these agencies, which are subject to change, can impact, among other things, our access to sources of capital, cost of capital, and competitive position. These ratings are not a recommendation to buy or hold any of our securities.
Following our July 14 announcement of the planned acquisition of Madison National, AM Best, Fitch and Moody's affirmed our ratings. Among other observations, the agencies noted that, following the close of the transaction, capitalization and leverage metrics are expected to remain in line with rating expectations and the addition of Madison National is expected to improve Horace Mann's value proposition for the education market and further diversify the business.
All four agencies currently have assigned equivalentthe same insurance financial strength ratings to our Property and& Casualty and Life insurance subsidiaries. Only AMA.M. Best currently rates our Supplemental segment's& Group Benefits subsidiaries. A.M. Best currently rates our NTA Life subsidiary at the same level as our Property & Casualty and Life & Retirement subsidiaries and the firm upgraded those ratings on July 14 to align with those of our other subsidiaries. AM Best noted that the upgrade reflects NTA Life's balance sheet strength as well as the support it receives from the parent company and the full integration of their operations within Horace Mann.Madison National subsidiary is rated A- (Excellent). Assigned ratings and respective affirmation/review dates as of OctoberJuly 31, 20212022 were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Insurance Financial | | | | Affirmed/ |
| | Strength Ratings (Outlook) | | Debt Ratings (Outlook) | | Reviewed |
AMA.M. Best | | | | | | | | | | 7/14/2021 |
HMEC (parent company) | | N.A. | | | | bbb | | (stable) | | 7/28/2022 |
HMEC's Life subsidiary& Retirement subsidiaries | | A | | (stable) | | N.A. | | | | 7/28/2022 |
HMEC's Property and& Casualty subsidiaries | | A | | (stable) | | N.A. | | | | 7/28/2022 |
HMEC's Supplemental & Group Benefits subsidiaries | | | | | | | | | | |
Madison National Life Insurance Company | | A- | | (stable) | | N.A. | | | | 7/28/2022 |
National Teachers Associates Life Insurance Company | | A | | (stable) | | N.A. | | | | 7/28/2022 |
Fitch | | A | | (stable) | | BBB | | (stable) | | 9/14/2021 |
Moody's | | | | | | | | | | |
HMEC (parent company) | | | | | | Baa2 | | (stable) | | 10/28/2021 |
HMEC's Life Group | | A2 | | (stable) | | | | | | Baa27/27/2022 |
HMEC's P&C Group | | A2 | | (stable) | | | | | | 10/28/2021 |
S&P | | A | | (stable) | | BBB | | (stable) | | 2/18/202114/2022 |
Reinsurance Programs
Information regarding the reinsurance programs for our Property and& Casualty, Supplemental, Retirement and Life segments is located in Part II - Item 8, Note 56 and Note 89 of the Consolidated Financial Statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2021.
ITEM 3. I Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Market value risk, our primary market risk exposure, is the risk that our invested assets will decrease in value. This decrease in value may be due to (1) a change in the yields realized on our assets and prevailing market yields for similar assets, (2) an unfavorable change in the liquidity of an investment, (3) an unfavorable change in the financial prospects of the issuer of an investment, or (4) a downgrade in the credit rating of the issuer of an investment. Also see Consolidated Results of Operations in Part I - Item 2 of this report regarding net investment gains (losses).
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 4849 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
Significant changes in interest rates expose us to the risk of experiencing losses or earning a reduced level of income based on the difference between the interest rates earned on our investments and the credited interest rates on our insurance and investment contract liabilities. Also see Consolidated Results of Operations in Part I - Item 2 of this report regarding interest credited to policyholders.
We seek to manage our market value risk by coordinating the projected cash inflows of assets with the projected cash outflows of liabilities. For all of our assets and liabilities, we seek to maintain reasonable durations, consistent with the maximization of income without sacrificing investment quality, while providing for liquidity and diversification. The investment risk associated with variable annuity deposits and the underlying mutual funds is assumed by those contractholders, and not by us. Certain fees that we earn from variable annuity deposits are based on the market value of the funds deposited.
More detailed descriptions of our exposure to market value risks and the management of those risks is contained in Part II - Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2021.
ITEM 4. I Controls and Procedures
Management's Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as amended (Exchange Act), as of SeptemberJune 30, 2021.2022. Based on this evaluation, the chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in timely alerting them to material information relating to us (including our consolidated subsidiaries) that is required to be included in our periodic SEC filings. No material weaknesses in our disclosure controls and procedures were identified in the evaluation and therefore, no corrective actions were taken. There were no significant changes in our internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls subsequent to the date of their evaluation.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
ThereExcept as noted below, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
During the second quarter of 2022, we executed internal controls associated with new processes supporting the implementation of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2018-12 for long-duration insurance contracts (LDTI). These controls provide assurance over the estimated impact to accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings that is expected upon adoption of LDTI on January 1, 2023, as disclosed in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. We will continue to refine and maturate the internal controls associated with LDTI until adoption on January 1, 2023.
Effective January 1, 2022, we completed our acquisition of Madison National Life Insurance Company, Inc. (Madison National). We are in the process of integrating Madison National and our controls over financial reporting. As a result of these integration activities, certain controls will be evaluated and may be changed. Therefore, we have elected to exclude Madison National from our assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2022.
Concurrent with the acquisition of Madison National, changes were made to the relevant business processes and the related control activities over purchase accounting in order to monitor and maintain appropriate controls over financial reporting.
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 4950 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
PART II: OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1A. I Risk Factors
At the time of issuance of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we believe there are no material changes from the risk factors as previously disclosed in Part I - Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2021.
ITEM 2. I Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
On September 30, 2015, theMay 25, 2022, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program allowing repurchases of up to $50.0$50 million (i.e., the 2022 Program) to begin following the completion of our common stock, par value $0.001 (Program)the current $50 million repurchase plan which was authorized on September 30, 2015 (i.e., the 2015 Program). The Program authorizesBoth Programs authorize the repurchase of our common stockshares in open market or privately negotiated transactions, from time to time, depending on market conditions. The Program doesPrograms do not have an expiration datedates and may be limited or terminated at any time without notice. During the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2021,2022, we repurchased shares of our common stock under the 2015 Program as follows:
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Period | |
Total Number of Shares Purchased | |
Average Price Paid per Share | | Total Number of Shares Purchased under the Program | | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that may yet be Purchased under the Program |
July 1 - 31 | | 5,000 | | | $ | 36.88 | | | 5,000 | | | $ | 18.9 | million |
August 1 - 31 | | — | | | — | | | — | | | $ | 18.9 | million |
September 1 - 30 | | — | | | — | | | — | | | $ | 18.9 | million |
Total | | 5,000 | | | $ | 36.88 | | | 5,000 | | | $ | 18.9 | million |
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Period | |
Total Number of Shares Purchased | |
Average Price Paid per Share | | Total Number of Shares Purchased under the 2015 Program | | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that may yet be Purchased under the 2015 Program |
April 1 - 30 | | — | | | $ | — | | | — | | | $ | 13.1 | million |
May 1 - 31 | | 226,640 | | | 38.09 | | | 226,640 | | | $ | 4.5 | million |
June 1 - 30 | | 88,985 | | | 35.65 | | | 88,985 | | | $ | 1.3 | million |
Total | | 315,625 | | | $ | 37.40 | | | 315,625 | | | $ | 1.3 | million |
ITEM 5. I Other Information
Not applicable.
ITEM 6. I Exhibits
The following items are filed as Exhibits. Management contracts and compensatory plans are indicated by an asterisk (*).
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Exhibit | | |
No. | | Description |
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(3) Articles of incorporation and bylaws: |
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3.1 | | |
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 51 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 50 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
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(4) Instruments defining the rights of security holders, including indentures: |
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4.1 | | |
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4.1(a) | | |
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4.2 | | |
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4.3 | | |
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(10) Material contracts: |
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10.1 | | |
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10.1(a) | | |
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10.1(b) | | Second Amendment to Credit Agreement dated as of July 12, 2021, among HMEC, as borrower, PNC Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and certain lenders party thereto, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1(b) to HMEC's Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 14, 2021, filed with the SEC on July 14, 2021. |
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10.2* | | |
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10.2(a)* | | |
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10.2(b)* | | |
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10.2(c)* | | |
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 52 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 51 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
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10.2(e)* | | |
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10.3* | | |
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10.3(a)* | | |
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10.3(b)* | | |
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10.3(c)* | | |
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10.3(d)* | | |
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10.3(e)* | | |
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10.3(f)* | | |
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10.3(g)* | | |
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10.4* | | |
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10.5* | | |
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 53 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 52 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
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10.7* | | |
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10.8* | | |
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10.9* | | |
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10.10* | | |
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10.10(a)* | | |
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10.11* | | |
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10.11(a)* | | |
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10.11(b)* | | |
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10.12 | | Stock Purchase Agreement Among Horace Mann Educators Corporation, and Robert Paglione, Paglione Family Irrevocable Trust F/B/O Adam Paglione, Paglione Family Irrevocable Trust F/B/O Lisa and Jorge Arroyo, Beau Adams and Benefit Consultants Group, Inc. dated as of October 30, 2018, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to HMEC's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, filed with the SEC on March 1, 2019. |
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10.13 | | |
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10.14 | | |
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(31) Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002: |
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31.1 | | |
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31.2 | | |
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(32) Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002: |
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 5354 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
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(32) Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002: |
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32.1 | | |
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32.2 | | |
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(99) Additional exhibits: |
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99.1 | | |
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(101) Interactive Data File: |
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101.INS | | XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document |
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101.SCH | | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema |
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101.CAL | | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase |
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101.DEF | | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase |
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101.LAB | | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase |
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101.PRE | | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase |
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 5455 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
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| | | HORACE MANN EDUCATORS CORPORATION |
| | | (Registrant) |
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Date | November 5, 2021August 8, 2022 | | /s/ Marita Zuraitis |
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| | | Marita Zuraitis |
| | | President and Chief Executive Officer |
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Date | November 5, 2021August 8, 2022 | | /s/ Bret A. Conklin |
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| | | Bret A. Conklin |
| | | Executive Vice President and |
| | | Chief Financial Officer |
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Date | November 5, 2021August 8, 2022 | | /s/ Kimberly A. Johnson |
| | | |
| | | Kimberly A. Johnson |
| | | Senior Vice President, Controller and |
| | | Principal Accounting Officer |
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Horace Mann Educators Corporation | 5556 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q |