UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM 10-Q


☒			Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023

OR


☐			Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File number 1-8777


VIRCO MFG. CORPORATION (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)


Delaware						95-1613718
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

2027 Harpers Way, Torrance, CA						90501
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)						(Zip Code)

Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (310) 533-0474

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share

VIRC

The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.:

Large accelerated filer

☐

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

ý

Smaller reporting company

☒

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ý

The number of shares outstanding for each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:

Common Stock, $.01 par value — ~~16,210,985~~16,347,314 shares as of ~~June~~September 4, 2023.

TABLE OF CONTENTS


Part I. Financial Information						3
			Item 1. Financial Statements			3
			Unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets - ~~April~~ July 3 01 , ~~202~~2023, January 31, 2023 and July 3 1 , ~~January 31, 202~~3 ~~and~~ ~~April~~ 3 0 ~~, 202~~22022			3
			Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of ~~operations~~income - Three months ended ~~April~~ July 3 01 , ~~202~~3 2023 and ~~202~~2 2022			5
			Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income - Six months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022			6
			Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive l ~~oss~~income - Three months ended ~~April~~ July 3 01 , ~~202~~3 2023 and ~~202~~22022			67
			Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income - Six months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022			8
			Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows - ~~Three~~ Six months ended ~~April~~ July 3 01 , ~~202~~3 2023 and ~~202~~22022			79
			Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of changes in stockholders' equity - Three and six months ended ~~April~~ July 3 01 , 2023 and ~~202~~22022			810
			Notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements - ~~April 30~~July 3 1 , 2023			912
			Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			1720
			Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk			1922
			Item 4. Controls and Procedures			1922
Part II. Other Information						2124
			Item 1. Legal Proceedings			2124
			Item 1A. Risk Factors			2124
			Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			2124
			Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities			2124
			Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures			2124
			Item 5. Other Information			2124
			Item 6. Exhibits			2124
			EX-31.1
			EX-31.2
			EX-32.1
			EX-101 INSTANCE DOCUMENT
			EX-101 SCHEMA DOCUMENT
			EX-101 CALCULATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT
			EX-101 LABELS LINKBASE DOCUMENT
			EX-101 PRESENTATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT

2

PART I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets


			4/30/2023						1/31/2023						4/30/2022					7/31/2023						1/31/2023						7/31/2022
			(In thousands)																	(In thousands)

Assets	Assets																	Assets
Current assets	Current assets																	Current assets
Cash	Cash		$	625					$	1,057					$	539		Cash		$	1,600					$	1,057					$	2,179
Trade accounts receivables, net	Trade accounts receivables, net		15,524						18,435						13,326			Trade accounts receivables, net		68,592						18,435						44,286
Other receivables	Other receivables		35						68						85			Other receivables		58						68						95
Income tax receivable	Income tax receivable		321						19						135			Income tax receivable		—						19						111
Inventories	Inventories		85,640						67,406						66,297			Inventories		71,853						67,406						61,228
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	Prepaid expenses and other current assets		2,698						2,083						2,156			Prepaid expenses and other current assets		2,228						2,083						2,068
Total current assets	Total current assets		104,843						89,068						82,538			Total current assets		144,331						89,068						109,967
Non-current assets	Non-current assets																	Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment	Property, plant and equipment																	Property, plant and equipment
Land	Land		3,731						3,731						3,731			Land		3,731						3,731						3,731
Land improvements	Land improvements		686						686						653			Land improvements		686						686						653
Buildings and building improvements	Buildings and building improvements		51,391						51,310						51,375			Buildings and building improvements		51,441						51,310						51,456
Machinery and equipment	Machinery and equipment		114,655						113,662						113,901			Machinery and equipment		115,899						113,662						115,029
Leasehold improvements	Leasehold improvements		983						983						1,009			Leasehold improvements		977						983						1,012
Total property, plant and equipment	Total property, plant and equipment		171,446						170,372						170,669			Total property, plant and equipment		172,734						170,372						171,881
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	Less accumulated depreciation and amortization		136,779						135,810						135,844			Less accumulated depreciation and amortization		137,392						135,810						136,973
Net property, plant and equipment	Net property, plant and equipment		34,667						34,562						34,825			Net property, plant and equipment		35,342						34,562						34,908
Operating lease right-of-use assets	Operating lease right-of-use assets		9,326						10,120						12,892			Operating lease right-of-use assets		8,285						10,120						12,115
Deferred tax assets, net	Deferred tax assets, net		8,249						7,800						769			Deferred tax assets, net		7,100						7,800						488
Other assets, net	Other assets, net		8,848						8,576						8,383			Other assets, net		9,279						8,576						8,051
Total assets	Total assets		$	165,933					$	150,126					$	139,407		Total assets		$	204,337					$	150,126					$	165,529

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets


			4/30/2023						1/31/2023						4/30/2022					7/31/2023						1/31/2023						7/31/2022
			(In thousands, except share and par value data)																	(In thousands, except share and par value data)

Liabilities	Liabilities																	Liabilities
Current liabilities	Current liabilities																	Current liabilities
Accounts payable	Accounts payable		$	23,628					$	19,448					$	19,437		Accounts payable		$	27,854					$	19,448					$	27,290
Accrued compensation and employee benefits	Accrued compensation and employee benefits		9,416						9,554						5,055			Accrued compensation and employee benefits		10,983						9,554						6,873
Income tax payable																		Income tax payable		3,325						—						—
Current portion of long-term debt	Current portion of long-term debt		20,362						7,360						18,905			Current portion of long-term debt		32,256						7,360						22,736
Current portion operating lease liability	Current portion operating lease liability		5,271						5,082						4,769			Current portion operating lease liability		5,386						5,082						4,909
Other accrued liabilities	Other accrued liabilities		7,868						7,081						6,049			Other accrued liabilities		11,259						7,081						10,057
Total current liabilities	Total current liabilities		66,545						48,525						54,215			Total current liabilities		91,063						48,525						71,865
Non-current liabilities	Non-current liabilities																	Non-current liabilities
Accrued self-insurance retention	Accrued self-insurance retention		1,251						1,050						1,533			Accrued self-insurance retention		934						1,050						1,436
Accrued pension expenses	Accrued pension expenses		10,802						10,676						15,332			Accrued pension expenses		10,827						10,676						15,238
Income tax payable			85						79						76
Long-term debt, less current portion	Long-term debt, less current portion		14,323						14,384						14,564			Long-term debt, less current portion		14,261						14,384						14,504
Operating lease liability, less current portion	Operating lease liability, less current portion		5,648						6,796						10,297			Operating lease liability, less current portion		4,317						6,796						9,241
Other long-term liabilities	Other long-term liabilities		557						555						640			Other long-term liabilities		640						634						740
Total non-current liabilities	Total non-current liabilities		32,666						33,540						42,442			Total non-current liabilities		30,979						33,540						41,159
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 6, 7 and 13)	Commitments and contingencies (Notes 6, 7 and 13)																	Commitments and contingencies (Notes 6, 7 and 13)
Stockholders’ equity	Stockholders’ equity																	Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock:	Preferred stock:																	Preferred stock:
Authorized 3,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value; none issued or outstanding	Authorized 3,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value; none issued or outstanding		—						—						—			Authorized 3,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value; none issued or outstanding		—						—						—
Common stock:	Common stock:																	Common stock:
Authorized 25,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding 16,210,985 shares at 4/30/2023 and 1/31/2023, and 16,102,023 at 4/30/2022			162						162						161
Authorized 25,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding 16,347,314 shares at 7/31/2023 and 16,210,985 at 1/31/2023 and 7/31/2022																		Authorized 25,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding 16,347,314 shares at 7/31/2023 and 16,210,985 at 1/31/2023 and 7/31/2022		164						162						162
Additional paid-in capital	Additional paid-in capital		120,993						120,890						120,745			Additional paid-in capital		121,030						120,890						120,684
Accumulated deficit	Accumulated deficit		(52,073)						(50,631)						(72,262)			Accumulated deficit		(36,539)						(50,631)						(62,582)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(2,360)						(2,360)						(5,894)			Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(2,360)						(2,360)						(5,759)
Total stockholders’ equity	Total stockholders’ equity		66,722						68,061						42,750			Total stockholders’ equity		82,295						68,061						52,505
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity		$	165,933					$	150,126					$	139,407		Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity		$	204,337					$	150,126					$	165,529

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of ~~Operations~~Income


			Three months ended											Three months ended
			4/30/2023						4/30/2022					7/31/2023						7/31/2022
			(In thousands, except per share data)											(In thousands, except per share data)
Net sales	Net sales		$	34,943					$	32,084		Net sales		$	107,321					$	82,797
Costs of goods sold	Costs of goods sold		21,741						22,377			Costs of goods sold		58,743						50,952
Gross profit	Gross profit		13,202						9,707			Gross profit		48,578						31,845
Selling, general and administrative expenses	Selling, general and administrative expenses		14,514						14,451			Selling, general and administrative expenses		27,324						20,671

Operating loss			(1,312)						(4,744)
Unrealized gain on investment in trust account			(299)						—
Operating income												Operating income		21,254						11,174
Unrealized (gain) loss on investment in trust account												Unrealized (gain) loss on investment in trust account		(325)						305
Pension expense	Pension expense		161						195			Pension expense		161						196
Interest expense	Interest expense		712						427			Interest expense		1,083						698
Loss before income taxes			(1,886)						(5,366)
Income tax benefit			(444)						(282)
Net loss			$	(1,442)					$	(5,084)
Income before income taxes												Income before income taxes		20,335						9,975
Income tax expense												Income tax expense		4,801						295
Net income												Net income		$	15,534					$	9,680

Net loss per common share:
Net income per common share:												Net income per common share:
Basic	Basic		$	(0.09)					$	(0.32)		Basic		$	0.95					$	0.60
Diluted	Diluted		$	(0.09)					$	(0.32)		Diluted		$	0.95					$	0.60
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:	Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:											Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:
Basic	Basic		16,211						16,033			Basic		16,272						16,108
Diluted	Diluted		16,211						16,033			Diluted		16,294						16,108

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income


			Six months ended
			7/31/2023						7/31/2022
			(In thousands, except per share data)
Net sales			$	142,264					$	114,881
Costs of goods sold			80,484						73,329
Gross profit			61,780						41,552
Selling, general and administrative expenses			41,838						35,122
Operating income			19,942						6,430
Unrealized (gain) loss on investment in trust account			(624)						305
Pension expense			322						391
Interest expense			1,795						1,125
Income before income taxes			18,449						4,609
Income tax expense			4,357						13
Net income			$	14,092					$	4,596


Net income per common share:
Basic			$	0.87					$	0.29
Diluted			$	0.87					$	0.29
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:
Basic			16,242						16,071
Diluted			16,257						16,071

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive ~~Loss~~Income

Three months ended
4/30/2023 4/30/2022
(In thousands)
Net loss $ (1,442) $ (5,084)
Other comprehensive income:
Pension adjustments (net of tax expense of $0 and $0 at April 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively) — 135
Net comprehensive loss $ (1,442) $ (4,949)


			Three months ended
			7/31/2023						7/31/2022
			(In thousands)

Net income			$	15,534					$	9,680
Other comprehensive income:
Pension adjustments			—						135
Net comprehensive income			$	15,534					$	9,815

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

67

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income


			Six months ended
			7/31/2023						7/31/2022
			(In thousands)

Net income			$	14,092					$	4,596
Other comprehensive income:
Pension adjustments			—						270
Net comprehensive income			$	14,092					$	4,866

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

8

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows


			Three months ended											Six months ended
			4/30/2023						4/30/2022					7/31/2023						7/31/2022
			(In thousands)											(In thousands)
Operating activities	Operating activities											Operating activities
Net loss			$	(1,442)					$	(5,084)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Net income												Net income		$	14,092					$	4,596
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:												Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	Depreciation and amortization		1,195						1,129			Depreciation and amortization		2,455						2,259
Non-cash lease benefits	Non-cash lease benefits		(165)						(126)			Non-cash lease benefits		(340)						(265)
Provision for doubtful accounts	Provision for doubtful accounts		15						15			Provision for doubtful accounts		30						35
Amortization of debt issuance costs	Amortization of debt issuance costs		26						43			Amortization of debt issuance costs		55						69
Deferred income taxes	Deferred income taxes		(448)						(370)			Deferred income taxes		700						(89)
Stock-based compensation	Stock-based compensation		103						253			Stock-based compensation		252						406
Amortization of net actuarial loss for pension plans	Amortization of net actuarial loss for pension plans		—						135			Amortization of net actuarial loss for pension plans		—						270
Non-cash unrealized gain on investment			(299)						—
Non-cash unrealized (gain) loss on investment												Non-cash unrealized (gain) loss on investment		(624)						305
Surrender of life insurance policies												Surrender of life insurance policies		(95)						—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:	Changes in operating assets and liabilities:											Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade accounts receivable	Trade accounts receivable		2,896						4,428			Trade accounts receivable		(50,187)						(26,552)
Other receivables	Other receivables		33						33			Other receivables		10						23
Inventories	Inventories		(18,234)						(18,924)			Inventories		(4,447)						(13,855)
Income taxes	Income taxes		(296)						22			Income taxes		3,346						43
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(490)						(180)			Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(134)						(91)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		5,391						(340)			Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		13,737						12,876
Net cash used in operating activities	Net cash used in operating activities		(11,715)						(18,966)			Net cash used in operating activities		(21,150)						(19,970)
Investing activities:	Investing activities:											Investing activities:
Capital expenditures	Capital expenditures		(1,533)						(609)			Capital expenditures		(2,795)						(1,524)
Purchases of marketable securities in trust accounts												Purchases of marketable securities in trust accounts		—						(4,856)
Proceeds from sale of marketable securities in trust accounts												Proceeds from sale of marketable securities in trust accounts		—						2,112
Proceeds from surrendering life insurance policies												Proceeds from surrendering life insurance policies		—						2,744
Net cash used in investing activities	Net cash used in investing activities		(1,533)						(609)			Net cash used in investing activities		(2,795)						(1,524)
Financing activities:	Financing activities:											Financing activities:
Borrowing from long-term debt	Borrowing from long-term debt		15,241						19,759			Borrowing from long-term debt		35,688						28,352
Repayment of long-term debt	Repayment of long-term debt		(2,300)						(804)			Repayment of long-term debt		(10,915)						(5,625)
Payment on deferred financing costs	Payment on deferred financing costs		(125)						(200)			Payment on deferred financing costs		(175)						(200)
Tax withholding payments on share-based compensation												Tax withholding payments on share-based compensation		(110)						(213)
Net cash provided by financing activities	Net cash provided by financing activities		12,816						18,755			Net cash provided by financing activities		24,488						22,314

Net decrease in cash			(432)						(820)
Net increase in cash												Net increase in cash		543						820
Cash at beginning of period	Cash at beginning of period		1,057						1,359			Cash at beginning of period		1,057						1,359
Cash at end of period	Cash at end of period		$	625					$	539		Cash at end of period		$	1,600					$	2,179

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

79

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity


						Three-Month Period Ended April 30, 2023																																						Three-Month Period Ended July 31, 2023
						Common Stock																																						Common Stock
In thousands, except share data	In thousands, except share data					Shares						Amount						Additional Paid-in Capital						Accumulated Deficit						Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss						Total Stockholder's Equity			In thousands, except share data					Shares						Amount						Additional Paid-in Capital						Accumulated Deficit						Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss						Total Stockholder's Equity
Balance at February 1, 2023						16,210,985						$	162					$	120,890					$	(50,631)					$	(2,360)					$	68,061
Net loss						—						—						—						(1,442)						—						(1,442)
Balance at May 1, 2023																																							Balance at May 1, 2023					16,210,985						$	162					$	120,993					$	(52,073)					$	(2,360)					$	66,722
Net income																																							Net income					—						—						—						15,534						—						15,534
Cash dividends	Cash dividends					—						—						—						—						—						—			Cash dividends					—						—						—						—						—						—
Pension adjustments, net of tax effect of $0						—						—						—						—						—						—
Pension adjustments																																							Pension adjustments					—						—						—						—						—						—
Shares vested and others	Shares vested and others					—						—						—						—						—						—			Shares vested and others					136,329						2						(112)						—						—						(110)
Stock compensation expense	Stock compensation expense					—						—						103						—						—						103			Stock compensation expense					—						—						149						—						—						149
Balance at April 30, 2023						16,210,985						$	162					$	120,993					$	(52,073)					$	(2,360)					$	66,722
Balance at July 31, 2023																																							Balance at July 31, 2023					16,347,314						$	164					$	121,030					$	(36,539)					$	(2,360)					$	82,295


						Three-Month Period Ended April 30, 2022																																						Three-Month Period Ended July 31, 2022
						Common Stock																																						Common Stock
In thousands, except share data	In thousands, except share data					Shares						Amount						Additional Paid-in Capital						Accumulated Deficit						Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss						Total Stockholder's Equity			In thousands, except share data					Shares						Amount						Additional Paid-in Capital						Accumulated Deficit						Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss						Total Stockholder's Equity
Balance at February 1, 2022						16,102,023						$	161					$	120,492					$	(67,178)					$	(6,029)					$	47,446
Net loss						—						—						—						(5,084)						—						(5,084)
Balance at May 1, 2022																																							Balance at May 1, 2022					16,102,023						$	161					$	120,745					$	(72,262)					$	(5,894)					$	42,750
Net income																																							Net income					—						—						—						9,680						—						9,680
Cash dividends	Cash dividends					—						—						—						—						—						—			Cash dividends					—						—						—						—						—						—
Pension adjustments, net of tax effect of $0						—						—						—						—						135						135
Pension adjustments																																							Pension adjustments					—						—						—						—						135						135
Shares vested and others	Shares vested and others					—						—						—						—						—						—			Shares vested and others					108,962						1						(214)						—						—						(213)
Stock compensation expense	Stock compensation expense					—						—						253						—						—						253			Stock compensation expense					—						—						153						—						—						153
Balance at April 30, 2022						16,102,023						$	161					$	120,745					$	(72,262)					$	(5,894)					$	42,750
Balance at July 31, 2022																																							Balance at July 31, 2022					16,210,985						$	162					$	120,684					$	(62,582)					$	(5,759)					$	52,505


						Six-Month Period Ended July 31, 2023
						Common Stock
In thousands, except share data						Shares						Amount						Additional Paid-in Capital						Accumulated Deficit						Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss						Total Stockholder's Equity
Balance at February 1, 2023						16,210,985						$	162					$	120,890					$	(50,631)					$	(2,360)					$	68,061
Net income						—						—						—						$	14,092					—						14,092
Cash dividends						—						—						—						—						—						—
Pension adjustments						—						—						—						—						—						—
Shares vested and others						136,329						2						(112)						—						—						(110)
Stock compensation expense						—						—						252						—						—						252
Balance at July 31, 2023						16,347,314						$	164					$	121,030					$	(36,539)					$	(2,360)					$	82,295

10



						Six-Month Period Ended July 31, 2022
						Common Stock
In thousands, except share data						Shares						Amount						Additional Paid-in Capital						Accumulated Deficit						Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss						Total Stockholder's Equity
Balance at February 1, 2022						16,102,023						$	161					$	120,492					$	(67,178)					$	(6,029)					$	47,446
Net income						—						—						—						$	4,596					—						4,596
Cash dividends						—						—						—						—						—						—
Pension adjustments						—						—						—						—						270						270
Shares vested and others						108,962						1						(214)						—						—						(213)
Stock compensation expense						—						—						406						—						—						406
Balance at July 31, 2022						16,210,985						$	162					$	120,684					$	(62,582)					$	(5,759)					$	52,505

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

811

VIRCO MFG. CORPORATION

Notes to unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023

Note 1. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements and are presented in accordance with the requirements of Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2023 (“Form 10-K”). In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months and six months ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2024. The balance sheet at January 31, 2023 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date, but does not include all of the information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. All references to the “Company” refer to Virco Mfg. Corporation and its subsidiaries.

Note 2. Seasonality and Management Use of Estimates

The market for educational furniture is marked by extreme seasonality, with approximately 50% of the Company’s total sales typically occurring from June to August each year, the Company’s peak season. Hence, the Company typically builds and carries significant amounts of inventory during and in anticipation of this peak summer season to facilitate the rapid delivery requirements of customers in the educational market. This requires a large up-front investment in inventory, labor, storage and related costs as inventory is built in anticipation of peak sales during the summer months. As the capital required for this build-up generally exceeds cash available from operations, the Company has generally relied on third-party bank financing to meet cash flow requirements during the build-up period immediately preceding the peak season. In addition, the Company typically is faced with an overall higher accounts receivable balance during the peak season. This occurs for two primary reasons. First, accounts receivable balances typically increase during the peak season as shipments of products increase. Second, many customers during this period are educational institutions and government entities, which tend to pay accounts receivable slower than commercial customers. Historically Virco ships approximately 50% of its annual revenue in the months of June, July, and August. In fiscal 2022, the seasonal peak was distorted due to severe supply chain interruptions, labor shortages, and COVID-19 related employee absences and the Company delivered less than 40% of sales during June, July, and August. In fiscal year ended January 31, 2023, the Company started to return to the traditional seasonality and delivered approximately 47% of annual sales in June, July, and August.

The Company’s working capital requirements during and in anticipation of the peak summer season require management to make estimates and judgments that affect assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates, including those related to market demand, labor costs and stocking inventory. Significant estimates made by management include, but are not limited to, valuation of inventory; deferred tax assets and liabilities; useful lives of property, plant and equipment; liabilities under pension, warranty and self-insurance; and the accounts receivable allowance for doubtful accounts.

Note 3. Recently Issued Accounting Standards

The Company evaluates all Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs") issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") for consideration of their applicability to our condensed consolidated financial statements. We have assessed all ASUs issued but not yet adopted and concluded that those not disclosed are not relevant to the Company or are not expected to have a material impact.

Note 4. Revenue Recognition

The Company manufactures, markets and distributes a wide variety of school and office furniture to wholesalers, distributors, educational institutions and governmental entities. Revenue is recorded for promised goods or services when control is transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.

9

The Company's sales generally involve a single performance obligation to deliver goods pursuant to customer purchase orders. Prices for our products are based on published price lists and customer agreements. The Company has determined that the performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time when the Company completes delivery per the customer contract. The majority of sales are free on board ("FOB") destination where the destination is specified per the customer contract and may

12

include delivering the furniture into the classroom, school site or warehouse. Sales of furniture that are sold FOB factory are typically made to resellers of our product who in turn provide logistics to the ultimate customer. Once a product has been delivered per the shipping terms, the customer is able to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the asset. The Company considers control to have transferred upon shipment or delivery in accordance with shipping terms because the Company has a present right to payment at that time, the customer has legal title to the asset, the Company has transferred physical possession of the asset, and the customer has significant risks and rewards of ownership of the asset.

Sales are recorded net of discounts, sales incentives and rebates, sales taxes and estimated returns and allowances. The Company offers sales incentives and discounts through various regional and national programs to our customers. These programs include product rebates, product returns allowances and trade promotions. Variable consideration for these programs is estimated in the transaction price at contract inception based on current sales levels and historical experience using the expected value method, subject to constraint.

The Company generates revenue primarily by manufacturing and distributing products through resellers and direct-to-customers. Control transfers to both resellers and direct customers at a point in time when the delivery process is complete as determined by the corresponding shipping terms. Therefore, we do not consider them to be meaningfully different revenue streams given similarities in the nature of the products, performance obligation and distribution processes. Sales are predominately in the United States and to a similar class of customer. We do not manage or evaluate the business based on product line or any other discernable category.

Note 5. Inventories

Inventory is valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value (determined on a first-in, first-out basis) and includes material, labor, and factory overhead. The Company records valuation adjustments for the excess cost of the inventory over its estimated net realizable value. Valuation adjustments for slow-moving and obsolete inventory are calculated using an estimated percentage applied to inventories based on a physical inspection of the product in connection with a physical inventory, a review of slow-moving products and component stage, inventory category, historical and forecasted consumption of sales, and consideration of active marketing programs. The market for education furniture is traditionally driven by value, not style, and the Company has not typically incurred material obsolescence expenses. If market conditions are less favorable than those anticipated by management, additional valuation adjustments may be required. The Company records the cost of excess capacity as a period expense, not as a component of capitalized inventory valuation.

Inventory increased by $19,343,000 at April 30, 2023 compared to April 30, 2022. The entire increase in inventory was attributable to increased quantity. The cost and valuation of inventory was stable. The quantity of inventory was increased in response to a material increase in unshipped sales orders (backlog). The majority of the backlog is scheduled for delivery during the traditional seasonal peak from June through August. The increase in inventory was financed by increased borrowing under the Company’s line of credit with PNC Bank and increased vendor credit, which traditionally increases with increased purchases of materials.

The following table presents a breakdown of the Company’s inventories as of ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023, January 31, 2023 and ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2022:


						4/30/2023						1/31/2023						4/30/2022								7/31/2023						1/31/2023						7/31/2022
						(in thousands)																				(In thousands)

Finished goods	Finished goods					$	34,370					$	25,740					$	29,919		Finished goods					$	24,995					$	25,740					$	26,336
Work in process	Work in process					32,918						25,303						21,719			Work in process					29,081						25,303						19,138
Raw materials	Raw materials					18,352						16,363						14,659			Raw materials					17,777						16,363						15,754
Total inventories	Total inventories					$	85,640					$	67,406					$	66,297		Total inventories					$	71,853					$	67,406					$	61,228

Note 6. Leases

10

The Company has operating leases on real property, equipment, and automobiles, expiring at various dates through 2026. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception and assesses classification of the lease at commencement. All of the Company’s leases are classified as operating leases. Pursuant to ASC 842 - Leases, the Company uses the implicit rate when readily determinable, or the incremental borrowing rate. Our incremental borrowing rate is estimated to approximate the interest rate on a collateralized basis with similar terms and payments using Company specific credit spreads. The Company’s lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease only when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for our operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company has an operating lease for its corporate office and manufacturing and distribution facility located in Torrance, CA, currently with a remaining lease term through April 2025. The Company's lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease only when it is reasonably certain that we exercise that option. The Company leases equipment under a ~~5-year~~5-

13

year operating lease arrangement. The Company has the option of buying the assets at the end of the lease period at a price that does not result in the Company being reasonably certain of exercising the option. In addition, the Company leases trucks and automobiles under operating leases that include certain fleet management and maintenance services. Certain of the leases contain renewal or purchase options and require payment for property taxes and insurance. The Company records lease expense on a straight-line basis based on the contractual lease payments. In accordance with ASC 842, the Company recognizes the present value of the future lease commitments as an operating lease liability, and a corresponding right-of-use asset (“ROU asset”), net of tenant allowances. Tenant improvements and related tenant allowances are recorded as a reduction to the ROU asset. The Company elected to account for leases with an original term of 12 months or less that do not contain a purchase option as short-term leases. Additionally, certain of the leases provide for variable payment for property taxes, insurance, and common area maintenance payments, among others. The Company recognizes variable lease expenses for these leases in the period incurred. The Company's lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

The quantitative information regarding our leases is as follows:


									Three Months Ended											Three Months Ended												Six Months Ended
															4/30/2023						4/30/2022					7/31/2023						7/31/2022						7/31/2023						7/31/2022
												(in thousands, except lease term and discount rate)														(In thousands, except lease term and discount rate)
Operating lease cost	Operating lease cost														$	1,269					$	1,327		Operating lease cost		$	1,281					$	1,288					$	2,550					$	2,615
Short-term lease cost	Short-term lease cost														108						97			Short-term lease cost		80						79						188						176
Sublease income	Sublease income														(10)						(10)			Sublease income		(10)						(10)						(20)						(20)
Variable lease cost	Variable lease cost														261						253			Variable lease cost		160						278						421						531
Total lease cost	Total lease cost														$	1,628					$	1,667		Total lease cost		$	1,511					$	1,635					$	3,139					$	3,302

Other operating leases information:	Other operating leases information:																							Other operating leases information:
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities	Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities														$	1,433					$	1,454		Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities														$	2,890					$	2,880
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities	Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities														$	292					$	98		Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities														$	364					$	398
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)	Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)														2.2						2.9			Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)														1.7						2.7
Weighted-average discount rate	Weighted-average discount rate														6.33		%				6.38		%	Weighted-average discount rate														6.36		%				6.38		%

Minimum future lease payments for operating leases in effect as of ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023, are as follows:

11


			Operating Lease					Operating Lease
For the year ending January 31,	For the year ending January 31,		(in thousands)			For the year ending January 31,		(In thousands)
Remaining of 2024	Remaining of 2024		$	4,344		Remaining of 2024		$	2,902
2025	2025		5,794			2025		5,825
2026	2026		1,536			2026		1,564
2027	2027		2			2027		8
2028	2028		—			2028		—
Thereafter	Thereafter		—			Thereafter		—
Remaining balance of lease payments	Remaining balance of lease payments		$	11,676		Remaining balance of lease payments		10,299

Short-term lease liabilities	Short-term lease liabilities		$	5,271		Short-term lease liabilities		5,386
Long-term lease liabilities	Long-term lease liabilities		5,648			Long-term lease liabilities		4,317
Total lease liabilities	Total lease liabilities		$	10,919		Total lease liabilities		9,703

Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows	Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows		$	757		Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows		$	596

14

Note 7. Debt

Outstanding balances for the Company’s long-term debt were as follows:


			4/30/2023						1/31/2023						4/30/2022					7/31/2023						1/31/2023						7/31/2022
			(in thousands)																	(In thousands)
Revolving credit line	Revolving credit line		$	30,121					$	17,122					$	28,674		Revolving credit line		$	42,012					$	17,122					$	32,502
Other	Other		4,564						4,622						4,795			Other		4,505						4,622						4,738
Total debt	Total debt		34,685						21,744						33,469			Total debt		46,517						21,744						37,240
Less current portion	Less current portion		20,362						7,360						18,905			Less current portion		32,256						7,360						22,736
Non-current portion	Non-current portion		$	14,323					$	14,384					$	14,564		Non-current portion		$	14,261					$	14,384					$	14,504

The Company and Virco Inc., its wholly-owned subsidiary (the “Borrowers”) have a Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with PNC Bank, National Association, as administrative agent and lender (“PNC”). The Credit Agreement was amended numerous times since its origination in December 2011. On September 28, 2021, the Borrowers entered into an Amended and Restated Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (the “Restated Credit Agreement”) with PNC Bank, which amended and restated the prior Credit Agreement and effectively incorporated all of the prior amendments into an amended and restated form of agreement.

The Restated Credit Agreement permits the Company to issue dividends or make payments with respect to the Company’s capital stock in an aggregate amount up to $3.0 million during any fiscal year, provided that no default shall have occurred or is continuing or would result from any such payment, and the Company must demonstrate pro forma compliance with a 12-month trailing fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.20:1.00 as of the fiscal quarter immediately preceding the date of any such dividend or payment. The Restated Credit Agreement also requires the Company to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, and contains numerous other covenants that limit under certain circumstances the ability of the Borrowers and their subsidiaries to, among other things, merge with or acquire other entities, incur new liens, incur additional indebtedness, sell assets outside of the ordinary course of business, enter into transactions with affiliates, or substantially change the general nature of the business of the Borrowers. In connection with the Restated Credit Agreement, the Company also agreed to pay to PNC Bank a non-refundable fee of $50,000.

In addition to the financial covenants, the Restated Credit Agreement provides for customary events of default, subject to certain cure periods and other limitations. Substantially all of the Borrowers' accounts receivable are automatically and promptly swept to repay amounts outstanding under the Restated Credit Agreement upon receipt by the Borrowers. Due to this automatic liquidating nature of the Restated Credit Agreement, if the Borrowers breach any covenant, violate any representation

12

or warranty or suffer a deterioration in their ability to borrow pursuant to the borrowing base calculation, the Borrowers may not have access to cash liquidity unless provided by PNC at its discretion.

The other material terms of the Restated Credit Agreement are substantially the same as those of the original Credit Agreement, consisting of (i) a revolving line of credit with a Maximum Revolving Advance Amount of $65.0 million that is subject to a borrowing base limitation and generally provides for advances of up to 85% of eligible accounts receivable, plus a percentage equal to the lesser of 60% of the value of eligible inventory or 85% of the liquidation value of eligible inventory, plus $15.0 million from January through July of each year, minus undrawn amounts of letters of credit and reserves and (ii) an equipment loan of $2.0 million. The Restated Credit Agreement is secured by substantially all of the Borrowers’ personal property and certain of the Borrowers’ real property. The Restated Credit Agreement is subject to certain prepayment penalties upon early termination of the Restated Credit Agreement. Prior to the maturity date, principal amounts outstanding under the Restated Credit Agreement may be repaid and reborrowed at the option of the Borrowers without premium or penalty, subject to borrowing base limitations, seasonal adjustments and certain other conditions, including reduced borrowings under the revolving line to less than or equal $10.0 million for a period of 30 consecutive days during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. The Restated Credit Agreement also contains certain financial covenants, including covenants requiring a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio and limits on capital expenditures. The Company was in compliance with its debt covenants as of ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023.

The Company's revolving line of credit with PNC is structured to provide seasonal credit availability during the Company's peak summer season. Approximately ~~$16.6~~$30.5 million was available for borrowing as of ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023. The interest rate range for outstanding loan balances during the quarter ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023 was ~~7.65%~~8.19% to ~~9.75%~~10.25%. The Company also incurs a fee on the unused portion of the revolving line of credit at a rate of 0.375%.

15

In addition to the outstanding debt balance of ~~$30.1~~$42.0 million on the Company's revolving credit line, the Company also carries a mortgage on a manufacturing building in Conway Arkansas. The original note was dated August 2017 for $5.8 million, at a fixed rate of 4% per year and 20 years term. The outstanding amount under this note was ~~$4.6~~$4.5 million as of ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023.

On May 19, 2023, the Company entered into Amendment No. 3 to Amended and Restated Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (“Amendment No. 3”) with PNC, with an effective date of May 5, 2023. Amendment No. 3 amended the Restated Credit Agreement and the secured revolving line of credit provided to the Company under the revolving credit facility to reflect the following material changes:

i.Maximum size of the PNC line of credit has been increased to $72.5 million during the months of June through August of 2023, to provide additional availability for the Company’s forecast through the 2023 peak borrowing period;

ii.Increase in the total inventory sublimit under the Credit Agreement to $35.0 million and increase in the Assemble-to-ship (ATS) inventory sublimit to $15.0 million during the months of May through August of 2023;

iii.The Company agreed to pay an amendment fee of $50,000, which is 0.67% on the incremental line increase of $7.5 million; and

iv.Increase in the Applicable Margin (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of 25 basis points.

Management believes that the carrying value of debt approximated fair value at ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023, as all of the long-term debt bears interest at variable rates based on prevailing market conditions.

Note 8. Income Taxes

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, the Company considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of its deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income or reversal of deferred tax liabilities during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. As a part of this evaluation, the Company assesses all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, the availability of tax carry backs, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations, to determine whether sufficient future taxable income will be generated to realize existing deferred tax assets. Valuation allowances of ~~$575,000,~~$390,000, $864,000 and ~~$10,099,000~~$9,241,000 as of ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023, January 31, 2023 and ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2022, respectively, are needed for federal deferred tax assets and certain state net operating loss carryforwards to reduce the carrying amount of deferred tax assets to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

For the three months ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023 and 2022, the effective income tax rates were ~~23.5%~~23.6% and ~~5.3%~~3.0%, respectively. For the six months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022, the effective income tax rates were 23.6% and 0.3%, respectively. The change in effective tax rates for the three and six months ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023 was primarily due to the change in forecasted mix of income before federal and state income taxes and estimated permanent differences. The effective tax rate for the three and six months

13

ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2022 was primarily due to the recording of a valuation allowance needed for federal deferred tax assets and certain state net operating loss carryforwards.

The January 31, 2018 and subsequent fiscal years remain open for examination by the IRS and state tax authorities. The Company is not currently under any state examination.

16

Note 9. Net ~~Loss~~Income per Share

~~Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding.~~

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net ~~loss~~income per share:

Three Months Ended
4/30/2023 4/30/2022
(In thousands, except per share data)
Net loss $ (1,442) $ (5,084)
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding 16,211 16,033
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents from equity incentive plans (a) — —
Totals 16,211 16,033
Net loss per share - basic $ (0.09) $ (0.32)
Net loss per share - diluted $ (0.09) $ (0.32)

(a) At April 30, 2023 and 2022, approximately 85,000 and 169,000 shares of common stock equivalents were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share, as the effect would be anti-dilutive since the Company reported a net loss.


			Three Months Ended												Six Months Ended
			7/31/2023						7/31/2022						7/31/2023						7/31/2022
			(In thousands, except per share data)

Net income			$	15,534					$	9,680					$	14,092					$	4,596

Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - basic			16,272						16,108						16,242						16,071
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents from equity incentive plans			22						—						15						—
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - diluted			16,294						16,108						16,257						16,071

Net income per share - basic			$	0.95					$	0.60					$	0.87					$	0.29
Net income per share - diluted			$	0.95					$	0.60					$	0.87					$	0.29

Note 10. Stock-Based Compensation

Stock Incentive Plan

~~The~~

Under the Company's ~~two stock incentive plans are the~~ 2019 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”) ~~and the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan”). The 2011 Plan expired in 2021 and no new award may be made under the 2011 Plan.~~

~~Under the 2019 Plan,~~, the Company may grant an aggregate of up to 1,000,000 shares to its employees ~~in the form of restricted stock units~~ and non-employee directors in the form of restricted stock ~~awards.~~units, restricted stock awards and stock options. Restricted stock units and awards granted under the 2019 Plan are expensed ratably over the vesting period of the awards. The Company determines the fair value of its restricted stock units or awards and related compensation expense as the difference between the market value of the units or awards on the date of grant less the exercise price of the units or awards granted. During the three-month ~~period~~and six-month periods ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023, the Company granted 070,510 awards, vested 093,600 shares according to their terms and forfeited 0 shares under the 2019 Plan. As of ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023, there were approximately ~~608,435~~537,925 shares available for future issuance under the 2019 Plan.

The following table summarizes the stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock awards recognized in the Company's ~~statement~~statements of operations for the three and six months ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023 and 2022:

Three Months Ended
4/30/2023 4/30/2022
(in thousands)
Cost of goods sold $ 28 $ 55
Selling, general and administrative expenses 75 198
Total stock-based compensation expense $ 103 $ 253

14


			Three Months Ended												Six Months Ended
			7/31/2023						7/31/2022						7/31/2023						7/31/2022
			(In thousands)

Cost of goods sold			$	28					$	37					$	56					$	92
Selling, general and administrative expenses			121						116						196						314
Total stock-based compensation expense			$	149					$	153					$	252					$	406

As of ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023, there was ~~$446,000~~$572,000 of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock units and/or awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 1 year.

Note 11. Retirement Plans

The Company and its subsidiaries cover certain employees under a noncontributory defined benefit retirement plan, entitled the Virco Employees’ Retirement Plan (the “Pension Plan”). As more fully described in the Annual Report on Form 10-K, benefit accruals under the Employees Retirement Plan were frozen effective December 31, 2003. There is no service cost incurred under this plan.

17

The Company also provides a supplementary retirement plan for certain key employees, the VIP Retirement Plan (the “VIP Plan”). As more fully described in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2023, benefit accruals under the VIP Plan were frozen since December 31, 2003. There is no service cost incurred under the VIP Plan.

The following table summarizes the net periodic pension cost for the Pension Plan and the VIP Plan for the three and six months ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023 and 2022:


			Three Months Ended																	Three Months Ended												Six Months Ended
			4/30/2023						4/30/2022																	7/31/2023						7/31/2022						7/31/2023						7/31/2022
			(in thousands)											(In thousands)
Service cost	Service cost		$	—					$	—														Service cost		$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—
Interest cost	Interest cost		360						298															Interest cost		360						299						720						597
Expected return on plan assets	Expected return on plan assets		(199)						(237)															Expected return on plan assets		(199)						(237)						(398)						(474)
Plan settlement	Plan settlement		—						—															Plan settlement		—						—						—						—
Amortization of prior service cost	Amortization of prior service cost		—						—															Amortization of prior service cost		—						—						—						—
Recognized net actuarial loss	Recognized net actuarial loss		—						134															Recognized net actuarial loss		—						134						—						268
Benefit cost	Benefit cost		$	161					$	195														Benefit cost		$	161					$	196					$	322					$	391

401(k) Retirement Plan

The Company’s retirement plan, which covers all U.S. employees, allows participants to defer from 1% to 75% of their eligible compensation through a 401(k)-retirement program. The plan includes Virco stock as one of the investment options. At ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023 and 2022, the plan held ~~1,320,482~~1,415,111 shares and ~~1,165,985~~1,221,095 shares of Virco stock, respectively. For the ~~three months~~three-month period ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023 and 2022, the compensation costs incurred for employer match, which is paid in the form of Company stock, was ~~$403,000~~$319,000 and ~~$330,000~~$322,000 respectively. For the six-month period ended July 31, 2023 and 2022, the compensation costs incurred for employer match, which is paid in the form of Company stock, was $722,000 and $652,000 respectively.

.

Note 12. Warranty Accrual

The Company provides a warranty against all substantial defects in material and workmanship. The standard warranty offered on products sold through January 31, 2013 is ten years. Effective February 1, 2014 the Company modified its warranty to a limited lifetime warranty. The warranty was effective February 1, 2014, is not anticipated to have a significant effect on warranty expense. Effective January 1, 2017, the Company modified the standard warranty offered on products sold after January 1, 2017 to provide specific warranty periods by product component, with no warranty period longer than ten years. The Company’s warranty is not a guarantee of service life, which depends upon events outside the Company’s control and may be different from the warranty period. The Company accrues an estimate of its exposure to warranty claims based upon both product sales data and an analysis of actual warranty claims incurred.

The following is a summary of the Company’s warranty-claim activity for the three and six months ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023 and 2022:


			Three Months Ended																	Three Months Ended												Six Months Ended
			4/30/2023						4/30/2022																	7/31/2023						7/31/2022						7/31/2023						7/31/2022
			(in thousands)											(In thousands)
Beginning balance	Beginning balance		$	600					$	600														Beginning balance		$	600					$	600					$	600					$	600
Provision	Provision		41						34															Provision		50						116						91						150
Costs incurred	Costs incurred		(41)						(34)															Costs incurred		(50)						(66)						(91)						(100)
Ending balance	Ending balance		$	600					$	600														Ending balance		$	600					$	650					$	600					$	650

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Note 13. Contingencies

The Company has a self-insured retention for product losses up to $250,000 per occurrence, workers’ compensation liability losses up to $250,000 per occurrence, general liability losses up to $50,000 per occurrence and automobile liability losses up to $50,000 per occurrence. The Company has purchased insurance to cover losses in excess of the self-insurance retention or

18

deductible up to a limit of $30,000,000. The Company has obtained an actuarial estimate of its total expected future losses for liability claims and recorded a liability equal to the net present value.

The Company and its subsidiaries are defendants in various legal proceedings resulting from operations in the normal course of business. It is the opinion of management, in consultation with legal counsel, that the ultimate outcome of all such matters will not materially affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Note 14. Delivery Costs

For the three months ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023 and 2022, shipping and classroom delivery costs of approximately ~~$3,343,000~~$9,991,000 and ~~$3,254,000,~~$7,129,000, respectively, were included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

For the six months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022, shipping and classroom delivery costs of approximately $13,334,000 and $10,383,000, respectively, were included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Note 15. Subsequent Events

~~On May 19, 2023, the Company executed Amendment No. 3 to the Restated Credit Agreement, with an effective date of May 5, 2023. See~~ ~~Note 7~~.None.

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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Results of Operations

Overview

The results of operations for the three-month ~~period~~and six-month periods ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023 and the comparable ~~period~~periods ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2022 have been impacted by economic conditions driven by the COVID-19 pandemic and global supply chain ~~disruptions and global conflict.~~disruptions. The impact of ~~the supply chain disruptions were much less severe~~COVID-19 has been quite different during the current year compared to the prior ~~year.~~years. Typically, the Company has an exceptionally seasonal annual cycle where approximately 50% of sales occur in the months of June, July and August. Orders received from customers follow a similar ~~seasonal cycle, with the bulk~~but less pronounced cycle. The Company typically receives orders for projects several months in advance of delivery, while smaller orders ~~arriving approximately~~for fill in or replacements are typically received 4-6 weeks ~~preceding the selling season.~~prior to delivery.

~~For~~During the ~~three-month period ended April 30, 2023, management believes that~~months of June, July, and August of 2021, the Company was severely impacted by shortages of labor and materials. The Company delivered less than 40% of annual shipments during the traditional summer season. During the months of June, July, and August of 2022 the Company substantially returned to the traditional seasonal cycle and delivered approximately 47% of sales. For the ~~Company’s ability~~three months of June, July, and August 2023 the Company believes that there has been a full return to the traditional seasonal summer peak. The Company began the three-month period of June, July, and August of 2023 with a larger backlog of orders for summer delivery, nearly $20 million of increased inventory (as of April 30, 2023) and adequate availability of both full time and temporary labor to service ~~that seasonal cycle has returned to normal.~~ the summer delivery season.

During the ~~three-month period~~quarter ended April 30, 2023, the Company had experienced a 10.4% increase in orders, ~~compared to~~most of which were for summer of 2023 delivery. During the ~~same period last year.~~quarter ended July 31, 2023 the Company experienced a 3.3% increase in orders. Year-to-date the Company experienced a 6.7% increase in orders. In addition, the Company started the current fiscal year with aan order backlog ~~of unshipped sales orders~~ that was ~~nearly~~approximately $18 million ~~higher~~greater than the prior year. OnThis caused the Company’s backlog of unshipped orders when entering the traditional seasonal period at April 30, 2023 compared to April 30, 2022 to increase by nearly $19 million to $104.6 million compared to $85.7 million. A significant portion of this order backlog is anticipated to be delivered during the months of June, July, and August 2023.

The significant increase in sales for the second quarter ended July 31, 2023 was attributable to the increase is order backlog going into the quarter, an $19 million increase in inventory at the beginning of the second quarter, and to the Company’s ability to service the increase in orders during the summer delivery window. The Company’s backlog of unshipped sales orders ~~was approximately $104.6~~at July 31, 2023 declined by $7.2 million to $74.0 million compared to ~~$85.7~~$81.2 million ~~on April 30, 2022. The Company believes that a significant majority of the sales order backlog will be delivered during June, July, and August of the current year.~~

~~As discussed~~ in the Risk Factors section of the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2023, the Company utilizes one nationwide contract to price a significant portion of our orders. This contract/price list determines selling prices for goods and services for periods of one year and occasionally longer. Due to the current volatile nature of commodity and energy prices in addition to general inflation, the Company has negotiated the ability to increase prices for orders received after July 1 of each contract year in addition to the annual January 1price increase. There is typically a several months' time lag between raising prices on orders and realizing the increase in sales revenue.

~~Sales for the first quarter ended April 30, 2022 consisted substantially of orders received~~ prior to the January 1, 2022 price increase, causing gross margin of sales during that quarter to be lower than desirable. Sales of the quarter ended April 30, 2023 benefited from the effect of two price increases, one each at January 1, 2022 and July 1, 2022. The cumulative impact of the two price increases favorably impacted operating results for the three months ended April 30, 2023.

Although conditions have improved compared to the prior year, financing challenges resulting from the recent bank failures and credit tightening and supply chain disruptions from international sources – primarily China – continue to adversely affect operations and the competitive landscape. Because the Company has maintained its domestic factories, management believes that the Company will be less vulnerable to international supply chain disruption compared to competitors that source finished goods overseas, but the Company will still be affected by these international events.

Virco does not deliver furniture to new schools until the customer has an occupancy certificate. Supply chain disruptions in the construction industry which may delay the completion of new schools did not significantly impact sales volume during the quarter ended April 30, 2023, but may impact the timing of sales during the balance of the year, possibly causing deliveries of furniture scheduled for the second quarter ending July 31, 2023 to occur in the subsequent quarter.year.

Three Months Ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023

For the three months ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023, the Company ~~incurred a~~earned pre-tax ~~loss~~income of ~~$1,886,000~~$20,335,000 on sales of ~~$34,943,000~~$107,321,000 compared to a pre-tax ~~loss~~income of ~~$5,366,000~~$9,975,000 on sales of ~~$32,084,000~~$82,797,000 in the prior year.

Sales for the second quarter increased by approximately ~~$2,859,000~~$24,524,000 or ~~8.9%~~29.6%, compared to the same ~~prior year period.~~period in 2022. The increase was attributable to an increase in beginning of year sales backlog, increased first quarter orders, a price increase for orders received after July 1, 2022 and ~~increased selling prices.~~January 1, 2023, and by the Company’s ability to service the traditional seasonal cycle.

Gross margin for the second quarter ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023 was ~~37.8% of sales~~45.3% compared to ~~30.3%~~38.5% in the prior year. ~~In order~~The increase in margin was attributable to ~~recover the increased cost of materials and labor incurred in the fiscal year ended January 31, 2022, the Company raised prices for all orders received after January 1, 2022. The impact of~~ the price increases discussed above, relatively stable commodity costs, and an increase ~~did not fully affect~~in sales ~~for the quarter ended April 30, 2022.~~which include Virco full service. The ~~three-month period ended April 30, 2023 benefited from the cumulative effect of price increases implemented January 1, 2022~~increase in full service orders improves gross margin, but does require increased freight and ~~July 1, 2022, returning margins to profitable full year levels.~~service costs, which are included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Selling, general and administrative expenses ~~(SG&A)~~ for the three months ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023 increased by approximately ~~$63,000~~$6,653,000 and was slightly higher as a percentage of sales compared to the same period last ~~year, but decreased as a percentage of sales to 41.5% compared to 45.0% in the prior~~ year. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was attributable in part to increased variable freight and

17

service expense ~~and by~~attributable to a larger portion of full service orders, increased variable selling ~~expenses. Because~~expenses, and a ~~significant portion of general and administrative expenses do not fluctuate with sales volume, SG&A declined as~~provision for a ~~percentage of sales.~~

During the fiscal year ended January 31, 2023 the Company purchased equity securities held in a Rabbi Trust to fund benefits under the VIP Pension Plan. The Company benefited from $299,000 of unrealized gains during the three months ended April 30, 2023.

The primary component of pension expense relates to the amortization of AOCI. In the year ended January 31, 2022, the Company benefited from favorable investment returns on Plan assets and reduced measurement of benefit obligations due to increased discount rates, both of which favorably impacted AOCI. Because beginning of the year AOCI was low for the three-month periods ended April 30, 2023 and 2022, the quarterly amortization of AOCI was reduced compared to prior years.management bonus based upon profitability.

Interest expense increased by ~~$285,000~~$385,000 for the three months ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023 compared to the same period last year. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in the amount borrowed in 2023 to finance seasonal working capital and an increase in ~~the~~ interest ~~rate.~~rates.

20

For the three months ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023 and 2022, the effective income tax rates were ~~23.5%~~23.6% and ~~5.3%~~3.0%, respectively. The change in effective tax rates for the three months ended April 30, 2023 was primarily due to the change in forecasted mix of income before federal and state income taxes and estimated permanent differences. The lower effective tax rate in ~~prior year~~2022 was due primarily to the recording of a valuation allowance needed for federal deferred tax assets and certain state net operating loss ~~carryforwards.~~carryforwards, which commenced in the fourth quarter of fiscal year ended January 31, 2022 and continued through the period ended July 31, 2022. The increase in the effective tax rate for the second quarter ended July 31, 2023 was primarily due to the reversal of the valuation allowance at January 31, 2023.

Six Months Ended July 31, 2023

For the six-month period ended July 31, 2023 the Company earned a pre-tax profit of $18,449,000 on sales of $142,264,000 compared to a pre-tax profit of $4,609,000 on sales of $114,881,000 in the prior year. Sales increased by approximately $27,383,000 or 23.8%. The increase was attributable to an increase in beginning of year sales backlog, increased first quarter orders, a price increase for orders received after January 1, 2023 and July 1, 2022, and by the Company’s ability to service the traditional seasonal cycle.

Gross Margin for the first six months of fiscal 2024 was 43.4% compared to 36.2% in the prior year. The margin was affected by price increases on July 1, 2022 and January 1, 2023, combined with relatively stable costs for raw materials and labor expenses, and an increase in business which included Virco full service.

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the six months ended July 31, 2023 increased compared to the same period last year and decreased as a percentage of sales. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was attributable to an increase in orders which include Virco full service, increased variable freight and service expenses, variable selling expenses, and a provision for management bonus based upon profitability.

Interest expense increased by $670,000 for the six months ended July 31, 2023 compared to the same period last year. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in the amount borrowed in 2023 to finance seasonal working capital and an increase in interest rates.

For the six months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022, the effective income tax rates were 23.6% and 0.3%, respectively. The lower effective tax rate in 2022 was due primarily to the recording of a valuation allowance needed for federal deferred tax assets and certain state net operating loss carryforwards which commenced in the fourth quarter of fiscal year ended January 31, 2022 and continued through the period ended July 31, 2022. The increase in the effective tax rate for the six months ended July 31, 2023 was primarily due to the reversal of the valuation allowance at January 31, 2023.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The market for education furniture is extremely seasonal and approximately 50% of the Company's annual sales volume is shipped in the months of June through August of each year. The Company traditionally manufactures large quantities of inventory during the first and second quarters of each fiscal year in anticipation of seasonally high summer shipments. In addition, the Company finances a large balance of accounts receivable during the peak season. As discussed above, due to COVID-19, during ~~the~~ fiscal ~~year ended January 31,~~2021 and 2022 the Company ~~experienced severe~~incurred supply chain disruptions and labor ~~availability and delivered orders later in~~shortages which adversely affected the ~~year. In~~Company’s ability to service the ~~fiscal year ended January 31, 2023, the supply chain disruptions abated and the Company started to return to the more~~ traditional ~~seasonal cycle.~~summer delivery window. The Company believes that the Company’s ability to service the traditional seasonal sales cycle has ~~substantially~~ returned ~~for the quarter ended April 30, 2023,~~ and will continue through the ~~fourth~~remainder of this fiscal year.

Accounts Receivable increased by $24,306,000 at July 31, 2023 compared to the same period last year. The increase is attributable to increased sales in the quarter ~~ending January~~ended July 31, ~~2024.~~2023.

Inventory increased by ~~$19,343,000~~$10,625,000 at ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023 compared to ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2022. The ~~entire~~ increase ~~in inventory was~~is primarily attributable to increased quantity. The cost and valuation of inventory was stable. The quantity of inventory was increased in response to a material increase in unshipped sales orders (backlog). The majority of the backlog is scheduled for delivery during the traditional seasonal peak from June through August. The increase in inventory was financed by increased borrowing under the Company’s line of credit with PNC Bank and increased vendor credit, which traditionally increases with increased purchases of materials.

Accrual basis capital expenditures for the ~~three~~six months ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023 were ~~$1,300,000~~$3,235,000 compared to ~~$627,000~~$1,839,000 for the same period last year. Capital expenditures are being financed through the Company's credit facility with PNC Bank and operating cash flow and restricted to not exceed $8,000,000 per year by covenant.

The Company was in violation of its financial covenants under the Restated Credit Agreement as of January 31, 2022, due to an increase in the Company’s net loss primarily attributable to the effects of supply chain disruptions and labor shortages. On April 15, 2022, the Company entered into Amendment No. 2 to the Revolving Credit and Security Agreement with PNC Bank, which implemented certain changes to the Company’s credit facility with PNC Bank, including the extension of the final maturity date of the facility to April 15, 2027. ~~Subsequent to the period ended April 30,~~On May 19, 2023, the Company entered into Amendment No. 3 which increased

21

the borrowing limit to $72.5 million during the peak seasonal period from June through August 2023. See Note 7.7. Debt of Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Based on the Company’s current projections, raw material costs and its ability to introduce price increases, management believes it will maintain compliance with its financial covenants under the Credit Agreement, although risks and uncertainties remain, such as changes in economic conditions, changing raw material costs and supply chain challenges. The Company was in compliance with its debt covenants as of ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023.

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The Company believes that cash flows from operations, together with the Company's unused borrowing capacity with PNC Bank will be sufficient to fund the Company's debt service requirements, capital expenditures and working capital needs for the next twelve months.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The Company's critical accounting policies are outlined in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2023.

Forward-Looking Statements

From time to time, including in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023, the Company or its representatives have made and may make forward-looking statements, orally or in writing. Such forward-looking statements may be included in, without limitation, reports to stockholders, press releases, oral statements made with the approval of an authorized executive officer of the Company and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). The words or phrases “anticipates,” “expects,” “will continue,” “believes,” “estimates,” “projects,” or similar expressions are intended to identify “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The results contemplated by the Company's forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to vary materially from anticipated results, including without limitation, availability of funding for educational institutions, availability and cost of materials, availability and cost of labor, demand for the Company's products, competitive conditions affecting selling prices and margins, capital costs and general economic conditions. Such risks and uncertainties are discussed in more detail in the Company's Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2023, including under the caption "Risk Factors".

The Company's forward-looking statements represent its judgment only on the dates such statements were made. By making any forward-looking statements, the Company assumes no duty to update them to reflect new, changed or unanticipated events or circumstances.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The Company is a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, and is therefore not required to provide the information under this item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including its Principal Executive Officer along with its Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) as of ~~April 30,~~July 31, 2023. Based upon the foregoing, the Company's Principal Executive Officer along with the Company's Principal Financial Officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures as of such date were effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed in the Company’s Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to Company management, including its Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, Company management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and

22

operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including its Principal Executive Officer along with its Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon the foregoing, the Company's Principal Executive Officer along with the Company's Principal Financial Officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as such term

19

is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

There have been no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.

2023

PART II — Other Information

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The Company is a party to various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business which, in the opinion of the Company, are not material in that management either expects that the Company will be successful on the merits of the pending cases or that any liabilities resulting from such cases will be substantially covered by insurance. While it is impossible to estimate with certainty the ultimate legal and financial liability with respect to these actions, management believes that the aggregate amount of such liabilities will not be material to the results of operations, financial position, or cash flows of the Company.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

You should carefully consider and evaluate the information in this Quarterly Report and the risk factors set forth under the caption “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2023 (the “Form 10-K”), which was filed with the SEC on April 28, 2023. The risk factors associated with our business have not materially changed compared to the risk factors disclosed in the Form 10-K.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

~~None.~~During the fiscal quarter ended July 31, 2023, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a "Rule 10-b5-1 trading arrangement" or "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement," as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

Item 6. Exhibits


Exhibit Number			Document
10.1			Amendment No. 3 to Amended and Restated Revolving Credit and Security Agreement, effective as of May 5, 2023, by and among Virco Mfg. Corporation and Virco, Inc., as borrowers, and PNC Bank, National Association, as lender and administrative agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 22, 2023).
10.2			2019 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan, amended and restated as of May 19, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 24, 2023).
31.1			Certification of Robert A. Virtue, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2			Certification of Robert E. Dose, Vice President, Finance, pursuant to Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1			Certifications of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Exhibit 101.INS — XBRL Instance Document.

24

Exhibit 101.SCH — XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

Exhibit 101.CAL — XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.

Exhibit 101.LAB — XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.

Exhibit 101.PRE — XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

2125

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


			VIRCO MFG. CORPORATION
Date: ~~June 12,~~September 11, 2023			By:			/s/ Robert E. Dose
						Robert E. Dose
						Vice President — Finance
						(Principal Financial Officer)

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