UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
(Mark One)
 
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 20182019
 
or
 
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from _____ to _____
 
Commission File NumberNumber: 000-09908
 
TOMI ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Florida
59-1947988
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(IRSI.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
incorporation or organization)
9454 Wilshire Blvd., Penthouse, Beverly Hills, CA 90212
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(800) 525-1698
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes No ☐
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes No ☐
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer ☐Accelerated filer                   ☐
Non-accelerated filer   ☐ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)Smaller reporting company
 Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [ ] No [X]
 
As of May 7, 2018,9, 2019, the registrant had 122,412,458124,700,418 shares of common stock outstanding.
 

 
 
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2018
TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2019
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
  Page
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS2
  
PART IFINANCIAL INFORMATION 
   
Item 1Financial Statements.3
   
Item 2Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.2125
   
Item 3Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.3038
   
Item 4Controls and Procedures.3038
   
PART IIOTHER INFORMATION 
   
Item 1Legal Proceedings.3239
   
Item 1ARisk Factors.3239
   
Item 2Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.3239
   
Item 3Defaults Upon Senior Securities.3239
   
Item 4Mine Safety Disclosures.3239
   
Item 5Other Information.3239
  
Item 6Exhibits.3239
   
SIGNATURES3340
  
EXHIBIT INDEX3441
 
 
 

 
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”) contains forward-looking statements“forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and we intend that such forward looking statements be subject to the safe harbors created thereby. For this purpose, any statements contained in this Form 10-Q, except for historical information, may be deemed forward-looking statements. You can generally identify forward-looking statements as statements containing the words “will,” “would,” “believe,” “expect,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “assume,” “can,” “could,” “plan,” “predict,” “should” or the negative or other variations thereof or comparable terminology are intended to identify forward-looking statements. In addition, any statements that refer to projections of our future financial performance, trends in our businesses, or other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements.
 
The forward-looking statements included herein are based on current expectations of our management based on available information and involve a number of risks and uncertainties, all of which are difficult or impossible to predict accurately and many of which are beyond our control. As such, our actual results could differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, some of which are listed under the section “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K. Readers should carefully review these risks, as well as the additional risks described in other documents we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In light of the significant risks and uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking information included herein, the inclusion of such information should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that such results will be achieved, and readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking information. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to revise the forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
 
 
 

 

PART II: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1. Financial Statements.
 
TOMI ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
 
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31,
2018
 
 
December 31,
2017
 
 
 
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 Cash and Cash Equivalents
 $3,867,420 
 $4,550,003 
Accounts Receivable, net
  2,230,402 
  1,835,949 
Inventories (Note 3)
  3,273,613 
  3,518,884 
Deposits on Merchandise (Note 9)
  15,714 
  - 
Prepaid Expenses
  276,685 
  270,419 
       Total Current Assets
  9,663,834 
  10,175,255 
 
    
    
Property and Equipment, net (Note 4)
  642,461 
  712,822 
 
    
    
Other Assets:
    
    
Intangible Assets, net (Note 5)
  1,456,155 
  1,548,532 
Security Deposits
  4,700 
  4,700 
     Total Other Assets
  1,460,855 
  1,553,232 
Total Assets
 $11,767,150 
 $12,441,309 
 
    
    
                    LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
    
    
 
    
    
Current Liabilities:
    
    
  Accounts Payable
 $634,803 
 $751,730 
  Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Note 10)
  287,861 
  267,136 
  Accrued Interest (Note 6)
  16,000 
  80,000 
  Customer Deposits
  1,578 
  3,062 
  Deferred Rent
  - 
  781 
     Total Current Liabilities
  940,242 
  1,102,709 
 
    
    
  Convertible Notes Payable, net of discount of $47,588 and 55,625
    
    
     at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively (Note 6)
  5,952,412 
  5,944,375 
     Total Long-Term Liabilities
  5,952,412 
  5,944,375 
     Total Liabilities
  6,892,654 
  7,047,084 
 
    
    
 Commitments and Contingencies
  - 
  - 
 
    
    
 Shareholders’ Equity:
    
    
      Cumulative Convertible Series A Preferred Stock;
    
    
        par value $0.01 per share, 1,000,000 shares authorized; 510,000 shares issued
    
    
        and outstanding at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017
  5,100 
  5,100 
      Cumulative Convertible Series B Preferred Stock; $1,000 stated value;
    
    
        7.5% cumulative dividend; 4,000 shares authorized; none issued
    
    
        and outstanding at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017
  - 
  - 
     Common Stock; par value $0.01 per share, 200,000,000 shares authorized;
    
    
       122,349,958 and 122,049,958 shares issued and outstanding
    
    
        at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively
  1,223,499 
  1,220,499 
     Additional Paid-In Capital
  42,180,265 
  42,139,675 
     Accumulated Deficit
  (38,534,368)
  (37,971,049)
     Total Shareholders’ Equity
  4,874,496 
  5,394,225 
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
 $11,767,150 
 $12,441,309 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

TOMI ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
(UNAUDITED)
 
 
For the Three Months Ended
 
 
 
March 31,
 
 
 
2018
 
 
2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Sales, net
 $1,312,466 
 $1,098,883 
   Cost of Sales
  491,659 
  416,357 
   Gross Profit
  820,807 
  682,526 
 
    
    
Operating Expenses:
    
    
   Professional Fees
  106,458 
  272,011 
   Depreciation and Amortization
  162,738 
  159,151 
   Selling Expenses
  204,005 
  179,384 
   Research and Development
  132,487 
  30,647 
   Equity Compensation Expense (Note 7)
  12,685 
  11,553 
   Consulting Fees
  35,026 
  31,052 
   General and Administrative
  663,887 
  610,355 
Total Operating Expenses
  1,317,287 
  1,294,153 
Loss from Operations
  (496,480)
  (611,627)
 
    
    
Other Income (Expense):
    
    
   Amortization of Debt Discount
  (8,037)
  (137)
   Interest Income
  1,198 
  - 
   Interest Expense
  (60,000)
  (14,133)
Total Other Income (Expense)
  (66,839)
  (14,270)
 
    
    
Net Loss
 $(563,319)
 $(625,897)
 
    
    
Net Loss Per Common Share
    
    
   Basic and Diluted
 $(0.00)
 $(0.01)
 
    
    
 
    
    
Basic and Diluted Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding
  122,229,959 
  120,825,134 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

TOMI ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2018
(UNAUDITED)
 
 
Series A Preferred
 
 
Common Stock
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares 
 
 
 Amount
 
 
 Shares
 
 
 Amount
 
 
 Additional Paid
in Capital
 
 
 Accumulated
Deficit
 
 
 Total Shareholders’
Equity
 
Balance at December 31, 2017
  510,000 
 $5,100 
  122,049,958 
 $1,220,499 
 $42,139,675 
 $(37,971,049)
 $5,394,225 
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
Equity Based Compensation
    
    
    
    
  13,590 
    
  13,590 
Common Stock Issued for Services Provided
    
    
  300,000 
  3,000 
  27,000 
    
  30,000 
Net Loss for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
    
    
    
    
    
  (563,319)
  (563,319)
Balance at March 31, 2018
  510,000 
 $5,100 
  122,349,958 
 $1,223,499 
 $42,180,265 
 $(38,534,368)
 $4,874,496 
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Assets:
 
March 31,
2019
(Unaudited)
 
 
December 31,
2018
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents
 $1,195,938 
 $2,004,938 
Accounts Receivable - net
  2,027,700 
  2,145,622 
Inventories (Note 3)
  2,393,188 
  2,682,014 
Deposits
  188,716 
  109,441 
Prepaid Expenses
  259,140 
  301,797 
       Total Current Assets
  6,064,682 
  7,243,812 
 
    
    
Property and Equipment – net (Note 4)
  1,528,907 
  1,588,591 
 
    
    
Other Assets:
    
    
Intangible Assets – net (Note 5)
  1,143,439 
  1,235,816 
Operating Lease - Right of Use Asset (Note 6)
  703,823 
  - 
Capitalized Software Development Costs (Note 7)
  125,704 
  - 
Other Assets
  76,309 
  11,395 
     Total Other Assets
  2,049,275 
  1,247,211 
Total Assets
 $9,642,863 
 $10,079,614 
 
    
    
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
    
    
  Accounts Payable
 $657,798 
 $1,133,649 
  Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Note 12)
  580,426 
  415,199 
  Accrued Officers Compensation
  29,792 
  70,000 
  Accrued Interest (Note 8)
  16,667 
  66,667 
  Customer Deposits
  - 
  1,486 
  Current Portion of Long-Term Operating Lease
  23,436 
  - 
   Deferred Rent
  - 
  13,215 
     Total Current Liabilities
  1,308,119 
  1,700,216 
 
    
    
Long-Term Liabilities:
    
    
  Long-Term Operating Lease, Net of Current Portion (Note 6)
  1,089,316 
  - 
  Deferred Rent and Tenant Improvement Allowances
  - 
  401,734 
 
 Convertible Notes Payable, net of discount of $0 and $17,534
 
    
     at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively (Note 8)
  5,000,000 
  4,982,466 
     Total Long-Term Liabilities
  6,089,316 
  5,384,200 
     Total Liabilities
  7,397,435 
  7,084,416 
 
    
    
 Commitments and Contingencies
  - 
  - 
 
    
    
 Shareholders’ Equity:
    
    
      Cumulative Convertible Series A Preferred Stock;
    
    
par value $0.01 per share share, 1,000,000 shares authorized; 510,000 shares issued
       and outstanding at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018
  5,100 
  5,100 
 
 Cumulative Convertible Series B Preferred Stock; $1,000 stated value;
 
    
 
      7.5% Cumulative dividend; 4,000 shares authorized; none issued
 
    
       and outstanding at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018
  - 
  - 
 
 Common stock; par value $0.01 per share, 200,000,000 shares authorized;
 
    
 
      124,690,418 and 124,290,418 shares issued and outstanding
 
    
       at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
  1,246,904 
  1,242,904 
     Additional Paid-In Capital
  43,129,467 
  42,948,705 
     Accumulated Deficit
  (42,136,043)
  (41,201,511)
     Total Shareholders’ Equity
  2,245,428 
  2,995,198 
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
 $9,642,863 
 $10,079,614 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.
 

 
TOMI ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
 CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
(UNAUDITED)
 
 
For The Three Months Ended
 
 
 
March 31,
 
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Sales, net
 $1,252,658 
 $1,312,466 
   Cost of Sales
  493,310 
  491,659 
   Gross Profit
  759,348 
  820,807 
 
    
    
Operating Expenses:
    
    
   Professional Fees
  105,481 
  106,458 
   Depreciation and Amortization
  176,845 
  162,738 
   Selling Expenses
  441,670 
  204,005 
   Research and Development
  92,577 
  132,487 
   Equity Compensation Expense (Note 9)
  80,917 
  12,685 
   Consulting Fees
  35,006 
  35,026 
   General and Administrative
  694,880 
  663,887 
Total Operating Expenses
  1,627,376 
  1,317,287 
Loss from Operations
  (868,028)
  (496,480)
 
    
    
Other Income (Expense):
    
    
   Amortization of Debt Discounts
  (17,534)
  (8,037)
   Interest Income
  1,030 
  1,198 
   Interest Expense
  (50,000)
  (60,000)
Total Other Income (Expense)
  (66,504)
  (66,839)
 
    
    
Net Loss
 $(934,532)
 $(563,319)
 
    
    
Loss Per Common Share
    
    
   Basic and Diluted
 $(0.01)
 $(0.00)
 
    
    
 
    
    
Basic and Diluted Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding
  124,659,307 
  122,229,959 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

TOMI ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2019
(UNAUDITED)
 
 
Series A Preferred
 
 
Common Stock
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares
 
 
Amount
 
 
Shares
 
 
Amount
 
 
Additional Paid
in Capital
 
 
Accumulated
Deficit
 
 
Total Shareholders’
Equity
 
Balance at December 31, 2018
  510,000 
 $5,100 
  124,290,418 
 $1,242,904 
 $42,948,705 
 $(41,201,511)
 $2,995,198 
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
Equity Compensation
    
    
    
    
  140,762 
    
  140,762 
Common Stock Issued for Services Provided
    
    
  400,000 
  4,000 
  40,000 
    
  44,000 
Net Loss for the three months ended March 31, 2019
    
    
    
    
    
  (934,532)
  (934,532)
Balance at March 31, 2019
  510,000 
 $5,100 
  124,690,418 
 $1,246,904 
 $43,129,467 
 $(42,136,043)
 $2,245,428 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

TOMI ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
 CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
 
 
 Three Months Ended  
 
 
For the Three Months Ended
 
 
 March 31,  
 
 
March 31,
 
 
2018
 
 
2017
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
Cash Flow From Operating Activities:
 
 
 
 
 
Cash Flow from Operating Activities:
 
 
 
Net Loss
 $(563,319)
 $(625,897)
 $(934,532)
 $(563,319)
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Loss to
    
    
Net Cash Used In Operating Activities:
    
    
Depreciation and Amortization
  162,738 
  159,151 
  176,845 
  162,738 
Lease Expense
  39,644 
  - 
Amortization of Debt Discount
  8,037 
  137 
  17,534 
  8,037 
Equity Based Compensation
  13,590 
  11,553 
Equity Compensation Expense
  80,917 
  13,590 
Value of Equity Issued for Services
  30,000 
  - 
  44,000 
  30,000 
Reserve for Bad Debt
  (105,000)
  - 
Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities:
    
    
Decrease (Increase) in:
    
    
Accounts Receivable
  (394,453)
  110,250 
  222,922 
  (394,453)
Inventory
  245,271 
  (453,144)
  288,827 
  245,271 
Prepaid Expenses
  (6,266)
  (18,951)
  6,792 
  (6,266)
Deposits on Merchandise
  (15,714)
  67,890 
Deposits
  (79,275)
  (15,714)
Other Assets
  (64,914)
  - 
Increase (Decrease) in:
    
    
Accounts Payable
  (116,927)
  541,012 
  (475,851)
  (116,927)
Accrued Expenses
  20,725 
  (49,024)
  225,072 
  20,725 
Accrued Interest
  (64,000)
  14,133 
  (50,000)
  (64,000)
Accrued Officer Compensation
  (40,208)
  - 
Deferred Rent
  (781)
  (1,940)
  - 
  (781)
Customer Deposits
  (1,484)
  (2,695)
  (1,486)
  (1,484)
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities
  (682,583)
  (247,525)
  (648,714)
  (682,583)
    
    
Cash Flow From Investing Activities:
    
    
Capitalized Software Costs
  (125,704)
  - 
Purchase of Property and Equipment
  - 
  (4,768)
  (34,582)
  - 
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
  - 
  (4,768)
  (160,286)
  - 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.
 

 
TOMI ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
CONDENSEDCONDENDSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS – CONTINUED
(UNAUDITED)
 
 
 Three Months Ended  
 
 
 March 31,  
 
 
For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
 
 
2018
 
 
2017
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
Cash Flow From Financing Activities:
 
 
 
 
 
  - 
Proceeds from Convertible Notes
  - 
  5,300,000 
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities
  - 
  5,300,000 
Increase (Decrease) In Cash and Cash Equivalents
  (682,583)
  5,047,707 
(Decrease) In Cash and Cash Equivalents
  (809,000)
  (682,583)
Cash and Cash Equivalents - Beginning
  4,550,003 
  948,324 
  2,004,938 
  4,550,003 
Cash and Cash Equivalents – Ending
 $3,867,420 
 $5,996,031 
 $1,195,938 
 $3,867,420 
    
    
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
    
    
Cash Paid For Interest
 $124,000 
 $- 
 $100,000 
 $124,000 
Cash Paid for Income Taxes
 $800 
 $800 
Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities :
    
Establishment of Discount on Convertible Debt
 $- 
 $57,106 
Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities:
    
Right of Use Asset Arising from Adoption of ASC 842
 $714,421 
 $- 
Warrants and Options as Consideration for Accrued Expenses
 $59,845
 $- 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.
 

 
TOMI ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
NOTE 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
 
TOMITM Environmental Solutions, Inc., a Florida corporation (“TOMI”, the “Company”, “we”, “our” and “us”) is a global provider of disinfection and decontamination and infection prevention company, providing environmental solutions for indoor surface and air disinfectionessentials through manufacturing, sales and licensing of its premier Binary Ionization Technology® (BIT) platform. platform, under which it manufactures, licenses, services and sells its SteraMist brand of products, including SteraMist™ BIT™, a hydrogen peroxide-based mist and fog.
Invented under a defense grant in association with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) of the U.S. Department of Defense, BIT is registered with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) and uses a low percentage Hydrogen Peroxidehydrogen peroxide as its only active ingredient to produce a fog composed mostly of a hydroxyl radical (.OH ion), known as ionized Hydrogen Peroxide (“iHP”). Represented by the SteraMist brand of products, iHP™ produces a germ-killing aerosol that works like a visual non-caustic gas.
 
OurTOMI’s products are designed to service a broad spectrum of commercial structures, including, but not limited to, hospitals and medical facilities, bio-safety labs, pharmaceutical facilities, meat and produce processing facilities, universities and research facilities, vivarium labs, all service industries including cruise ships, office buildings, hotel and motel rooms, schools, restaurants, meat and produce processing facilities, military barracks, police and fire departments, and athletic facilities. TOMI products are also used in single-family homes and multi-unit residences.
 
OurTOMI’s mission is to help its customers create a healthier world through its product line in ourits divisions (Healthcare, Life Sciences, TSN or TOMI Service Network and Food Safety) our motto is “innovating for a safer world” for healthcare and life..
 
NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
Basis of Presentation
 
The interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included herein, presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles utilized in the United States of America (“GAAP”), and stated in U.S. dollars, have been prepared by the Company, without an audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.
 
These financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for fair presentation of the information contained therein. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 31, 20172018 and notes thereto which are included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K previously filed with the SEC on March 29, 2018.April 1, 2019. The Company follows the same accounting policies in the preparation of interim reports. The results of operations for the interim periods covered by this Form 10-Q may not necessarily be indicative of results of operations for the full fiscal year or any other interim period.
 
Principles of Consolidation
 
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of TOMI and its wholly-owned subsidiary, TOMI Environmental Solutions, Inc., a Nevada corporation. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
 
Reclassification of Accounts
 
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior-year comparative financial statements to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on previously reported results of operations or financial position.
 

Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to accounts receivable, inventory, fair values of financial instruments, intangible assets, useful lives of intangible assets and property and equipment, fair values of stock-based awards, income taxes, and contingent liabilities, among others. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of our assets and liabilities.

 
Fair Value Measurements
 
The authoritative guidance for fair value measurements defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or the most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Market participants are buyers and sellers in the principal market that are (i) independent, (ii) knowledgeable, (iii) able to transact, and (iv) willing to transact. The guidance describes a fair value hierarchy based on the levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure fair value, which are the following:
 
Level 1:
Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2:
Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or corroborated by observable market data or substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3:
Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the value of the assets or liabilities.
 
Our financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and convertible debt. All these items were determined to be Level 1 fair value measurements.
 
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable and accrued expenses approximated fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments. The recorded value of convertible debt approximates its fair value as the terms and rates approximate market rates (See Note 6)8).
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
For purposes of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand held at financial institutions and other liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. At times, these deposits may be in excess of insured limits.
 
Accounts Receivable
 
Our accounts receivable are typically from credit worthy customers or, for certain international customers, are supported by pre-payments. For those customers to whom we extend credit, we perform periodic evaluations of them and maintain allowances for potential credit losses as deemed necessary. We have a policy of reserving for doubtful accounts based on our best estimate of the amount of potential credit losses in existing accounts receivable. We periodically review our accounts receivable to determine whether an allowance is necessary based on an analysis of past due accounts and other factors that may indicate that the realization of an account may be in doubt. Account balances deemed to be uncollectible are charged to the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote.  Bad debt expense for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $58,490 and 2017 was $0.$0, respectively.
 
At March 31, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, the allowance for doubtful accounts was $500,000. $195,000 and $300,000, respectively. 


 
ThreeAs of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, two customers accounted for 41% and 37% of accounts receivable, respectively.
Two customers accounted for 45% of net revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and three customers accounted for 33% of net revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and three customers accounted for 43% of net revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017.
At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, two customers accounted for 25% and 24% of accounts receivable, respectively.2018.
 
Inventories
 
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Inventories consist primarily of finished goods. At
We expense costs to maintain certification to cost of goods sold as incurred.
We review inventory on an ongoing basis, considering factors such as deterioration and obsolescence. We record an allowance for estimated losses when the facts and circumstances indicate that particular inventories may not be usable. Our reserve for obsolete inventory was $100,000 as of March 31, 20182019 and December 31, 2017, we did not have a reserve for slow-moving or obsolete inventory.
Deposits on Merchandise
Deposits on merchandise primarily consist of amounts paid in advance of the receipt of inventory (see Note 9).

2018.
 
Property and Equipment
 
We account for property and equipment at cost less accumulated depreciation. We compute depreciation using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally three to five years. Depreciation for equipment, furniture and fixtures and vehicles commences once placed in service for its intended use. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the lives of the respective leases or service lives of the improvements, whichever is shorter.
 
Leases
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02 (“ASC 842”), Leases, to require lessees to recognize all leases, with certain exceptions, on the balance sheet, while recognition on the statement of operations will remain similar to current lease accounting. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases, ASU No. 2018-11, Targeted Improvements, ASU No. 2018-20, Narrow-Scope Improvements for Lessors, and ASU 2019-01, Codification Improvements, to clarify and amend the guidance in ASU No. 2016-02. ASC 842 eliminates real estate-specific provisions and modifies certain aspects of lessor accounting. This standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. We adopted ASC 842 as of January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective basis with a cumulative effect adjustment as of that date. In addition, we elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which allowed us to carry forward the historical determination of contracts as leases, lease classification and not reassess initial direct costs for historical lease arrangements. Accordingly, previously reported financial statements, including footnote disclosures, have not been recast to reflect the application of the new standard to all comparative periods presented.
Operating lease assets are included within operating lease right-of-use assets, and the corresponding operating lease liabilities are recorded as current portion of long-term operating lease, and within long-term liabilities as long-term operating lease, net of current portion on our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2019.
We have elected not to present short-term leases on the consolidated balance sheet as these leases have a lease term of 12 months or less at lease inception and do not contain purchase options or renewal terms that we are reasonably certain to exercise. All other lease assets and lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. Because most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate of return, we used our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at adoption date in determining the present value of lease payments.
Adoption of the new lease standard on January 1, 2019 had a material impact on our interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. The most significant impacts related to the recognition of right-of-use ("ROU") asset of $714,421 and lease liability of $678,556 for our operating lease on the consolidated balance sheet. We also reclassified prepaid expenses of $35,865 and deferred rent balance, including tenant improvement allowances, and other liability balances of $414,949 relating to our existing lease arrangements as of December 31, 2018, into the ROU asset balance as of January 1, 2019. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. The standard did not materially impact our consolidated statement of operations and consolidated statement of cash flows.


The cumulative effect of the changes made to our consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019 for the adoption of the new lease standard was as follows:
 
 
 
Balances at
December 31,
2018
 
 
Effect of Adoption of New Lease Standard
 
 
Balances at
January 1,
2019
 
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Prepaid Expenses
 $301,797 
 $(35,865)
 $265,932 
  Operating Lease Right of Use Asset
 $- 
 $714,421 
 $714,421 
Liabilities
    
    
    
  Deferred Rent
 $13,215 
 $(13,215)
 $- 
  Current Portion of Long-Term Operating Lease
  - 
  - 
  - 
  Deferred Rent and Tenant Improvement Allowances
 $401,734 
 $(401,734)
 $- 
  Long-Term Operating Lease, Net of Current Portion
  - 
 $1,093,505 
 $1,093,505 
Shareholders' Equity
    
    
    
  Accumulated Deficit
 $(41,201,511)
 $- 
 $(41,201,511)
Capitalized Software Development Costs
In accordance with ASC 985-20 regarding the development of software to be sold, leased, or marketed, the Company expenses such costs as they are incurred until technological feasibility has been established, at and after which time those costs are capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers. The periodic expense for the amortization of capitalized software development costs will be included in cost of sales.
Accounts Payable
 
As of March 31, 2018 and2019, two vendors accounted for approximately 40% of accounts payable. As of December 31, 2017, one2018, three vendors accounted for approximately 63% of accounts payable

One vendor accounted for approximately 35%67% and 45%70% of total accounts payable, respectively.  
Forcost of sales for the three months ended March 31, 20182019 and 2017, one vendor accounted for 70% and 67% of cost of goods sold,2018, respectively.
 
Accrued Warranties
 
Accrued warranties represent the estimated costs, if any, that will be incurred during the warranty period of our products. We make an estimate ofthe expected costs that willto be incurred by us during the warranty period and charge thatrecord the expense to the consolidated statement of operations at the date of sale. Our manufacturer assumes the warranty against product defects for one year from date of sale, which we extend to our customers upon sale of the product. We assume responsibility for product reliability and results. As of March 31, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, our warranty reserve was $5,000.$30,000 (See Note 13).
 
Income Taxes
 
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between the financial statement reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The measurement of deferred income tax assets is reduced, if necessary, by a valuation allowance for any tax benefits that are, on a more likely than not basis, not expected to be realized in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) guidance for income taxes. Net deferred tax benefits have been fully reserved at March 31, 20182019 and December 31, 2017.2018. The effect on deferred income tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that such tax rate changes are enacted.


 
Net Loss Per Share
 
Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the Company’s net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period presented. Diluted loss per share is based on the treasury stock method and includes the effect from potential issuance of shares of common stock, such as shares issuable pursuant to the exercise of options and warrants and conversions of preferred stock or debentures.
 
Potentially dilutive securities as of March 31, 20182019 consisted of 11,111,1009,259,250 shares of common stock from convertible debentures, 35,251,41126,800,611 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants, 320,000620,000 shares of common stock issuable upon outstanding options and 510,000 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of outstanding shares of Preferred A stock (“Convertible Series A Preferred Stock”). Diluted and basic weighted average shares are the same, as potentially dilutive shares are anti-dilutive.
 
Potentially dilutive securities as of March 31, 20172018 consisted of 9,814,80511,111,100 shares of common stock from convertible debentures, 37,959,74535,251,411 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants, 200,000320,000 shares of common stock issuable upon outstanding options and 510,000 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of outstanding shares of Preferred A stock (“Convertible Series A Preferred Stock.Stock”). Diluted and basic weighted average shares are the same, as potentially dilutive shares are anti-dilutive.
 
Diluted net loss per share is computed similarly to basic net loss per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional shares of common stock that would have been outstanding if the potential shares of common stock had been issued and if such additional shares were dilutive. Options, warrants, preferred stock and shares associated with the conversion of debt to purchase approximately 47.237.2 million and 48.536.6 million shares of common stock were outstanding at March 31, 20182019 and 2017,December 31, 2018, respectively, but were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share due to the anti-dilutive effect on net loss per share.
 

 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
(Unaudited)
 
 
2018
(Unaudited)
 
 
2017
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss
 $(563,319)
 $(625,897)
 $(934,532)
 $(563,319)
Adjustments for convertible debt - as converted
    
    
Interest on convertible debt
  60,000 
  14,133 
  50,000 
  60,000 
Amortization of debt discount on convertible debt
  8,037 
  137 
  17,534 
  8,037 
Net loss attributable to common shareholders
 $(495,282)
 $(611,627)
 $(866,998)
 $(495,282)
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
    
Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding:
    
Basic and diluted
  122,229,959 
  120,825,134 
  124,659,307 
  122,229,959 
Net loss attributable to common shareholders per share:
    
    
Basic and diluted
 $(0.00)
 $(0.01)
 $(0.01)
 $(0.00)
    
 
Revenue Recognition
 
We recognize revenue in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards CodificationBoard (“ASC”FASB”) 606, “Revenue Recognition,”Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09,Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), when there is persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists, title and risk of loss have passed, delivery has occurred, or the services have been rendered, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collection of the related receivable is reasonably assured.  Title and risk of loss generally pass to our customers upon shipment.


 
Disaggregation of Revenue
 
The following table presents our revenues disaggregated by revenue source.
 
Net Revenue
 
Product and Service Revenue
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
(Unaudited)
 
 
For the three months ended March 31,
(Unaudited)
 
 
2018
 
 
2017
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
SteraMist Product
 $1,092,000 
 $821,000 
 $1,029,000 
 $1,092,000 
Service and Training
  220,000 
  278,000 
  224,000 
  220,000 
Total
 $1,312,000 
 $1,099,000 
 $1,253,000 
 $1,312,000 
 
Revenue by Geographic Region
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
(Unaudited)
 
 
For the three months ended March 31,
(Unaudited)
 
 
2018
 
 
2017
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
United States
 $945,000 
 $848,000 
 $1,136,000 
 $945,000 
International
  367,000 
  251,000 
  117,000 
  367,000 
Total
 $1,312,000 
 $1,099,000 
 $1,253,000 
 $1,312,000 
 
Product revenue includes sales from our standard and customized equipment, solution and accessories sold with our equipment. Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised products to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those products or services.
 

Service and training revenue includesinclude sales from our high-level decontamination and service engagements, validation of our equipment and technology and customer training. Service revenue is recognized as the agreed upon services are rendered to our customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those services.
 
Costs to Obtain a Contract with a Customer
 
We apply a practical expedient to expense costs as incurred for costs to obtain a contract with a customer when the amortization period would have been one year or less. We generally expense sales commissions when incurred because the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs are recorded within sales and marketingselling expenses. These costs include our internal sales force compensation program and certain partner sales incentive programs as we have determined annual compensation is commensurate with annual sales activities.
 
Contract Balances
 
As of March 31, 20182019, and December 31, 20172018 we did not have any unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice for services performed.
 
Arrangements with Multiple Performance Obligations
 
Our contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations. We enter into contracts that can include various combinations of products and services, which are primarily distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations.
 

Significant Judgments
 
Our contracts with customers for products and services often dictate the terms and conditions of when the control of the promised products or services is transferred to the customer and the amount of consideration to be received in exchange for the products and services.
 
Stock-BasedEquity Compensation Expense
 
We account for stock-basedequity compensation expense using the Black Scholes model in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”)FASB ASC 718, “Compensation—Stock Compensation.” Under the provisions of FASB ASC 718, stock-basedequity compensation expense cost is estimated at the grant date based on the award’s fair value and is recognized as expense over the requisite service period.value.
 
On July 7, 2017, our shareholders approved the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”). The 2016 Plan authorizes the grant of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and performance units/shares. Up to 5,000,000 shares of common stock are authorized for issuance under the 2016 Plan. Shares issued under the 2016 Plan may be either authorized but unissued shares, treasury shares, or any combination thereof. Provisions in the 2016 Plan permit the reuse or reissuance by the 2016 Plan of shares of common stock for numerous reasons, including, but not limited to, shares of common stock underlying canceled, expired, or forfeited awards of stock-based compensation and stock appreciation rights paid out in the form of cash. Stock-basedEquity compensation expense will typically be awarded in consideration for the future performance of services to us. All recipients of awards under the 2016 Plan are required to enter into award agreements with the Company at the time of the award; awards under the 2016 Plan are expressly conditioned upon such agreements. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company issued 200,000 shares of common stock out of the 2016 Plan. In addition, for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, we issued 400,000 and 300,000 shares of common stock, respectively, out of the 2016 Plan.
 
Concentrations of Credit Risk
 
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents. We maintain cash balances at financial institutions which exceed the current Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation limit of $250,000 at times during the year.

 
Long-Lived Assets Including Acquired Intangible Assets
 
We assess long-lived assets for potential impairments at the end of each year, or during the year if an event or other circumstance indicates that we may not be able to recover the carrying amount of the asset. In evaluating long-lived assets for impairment, we measure recoverability of these assets by comparing the carrying amounts to the future undiscounted cash flows the assets are expected to generate. If our long-lived assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized equals the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair market value. We base the calculations of the estimated fair value of our long-lived assets on the income approach. For the income approach, we use an internally developed discounted cash flow model that includes, among others, the following assumptions: projections of revenues and expenses and related cash flows based on assumed long-term growth rates and demand trends; expected future investments to grow new units; and estimated discount rates. We base these assumptions on our historical data and experience, industry projections, micro and macro general economic condition projections, and our expectations. We had no long-lived asset impairment charges for the three months ended March 31, 20182019 and 2017.2018.
 
Advertising and Promotional Expenses
 
We expense advertising costs in the period in which they are incurred. Advertising and promotional expenses for the three months ended March 31, 20182019 and 20172018 were approximately $40,000 and $54,000, and $9,000, respectively.respectively
 
Research and Development Expenses
 
We expense research and development expenses in the period in which they are incurred. For the three months ended March 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, research and development expenses were approximately $93,000 and $132,000, and $31,000, respectively.


 
Shipping and Handling Costs
 
We include shipping and handling costs relating to the delivery of products directly from vendors to the Company in cost of sales. Other shipping and handling costs, including third-party delivery costs relating to the delivery of products to customers, are classified as a general and administrative expense. Shipping and handling costs included in general and administrative expense were approximately $51,000$39,000 and $21,000$51,000 for the three months ended March 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, respectively.
 
Business Segments
 
We currently have one reportable business segment due to the fact that we derive our revenue primarily from one product. A breakdown of revenue is presented in “Revenue Recognition” in Note 2 above.
 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, to replace the existing revenue recognition criteria for contracts with customers. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, Deferral of the Effective Date, to defer the effective date of ASU No. 2014-09 to interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. We adopted ASUs No. 2014-09 and 2015-14 on January 1, 2018 on a modified retrospective basis, which did not impact our beginning accumulated deficit and additional paid-in capital.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases, which requires lessees to recognize all leases, with certain exceptions, on the balance sheet, while recognition on the statement of operations will remain similar to current lease accounting. ASU No. 2016-02 also eliminates real estate-specific provisions and modifies certain aspects of lessor accounting. ASU No. 2016-02 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. We currently expect to adopt ASU No. 2016-02 on January 1, 2019. We will be required to recognize and measure leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented using a modified retrospective approach, with certain practical expedients available. We intend to elect the available practical expedients upon adoption. Upon adoption, we expect the consolidated balance sheet to include a right of use asset and liability related to substantially all of our lease arrangements. We are continuing to assess the impact of adopting ASU No. 2016-02 on our financial position, results of operations and related disclosures and have not yet concluded whether the effect on our consolidated financial statements will be material.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, to simplify the accounting for the income tax effects from share-based compensation, the accounting for forfeitures and the accounting for statutory income tax withholding, among others. In particular, ASU No. 2016-09 requires all income tax effects from share-based compensation to be recognized in the consolidated statement of operations when the awards vest or are settled, permits accounting for forfeitures as they occur, and permits a higher level of statutory income tax withholding without triggering liability accounting. Adoption of ASU No. 2016-09 is modified retrospective, retrospective and prospective, depending on the specific provision being adopted. We adopted ASU No. 2016-09 on January 1, 2017, which did not impact our beginning accumulated deficit and additional paid-in capital.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, to simplify the test for goodwill impairment byremoving Step 2. An entity will, therefore, perform the goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount,recognizing an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to thereporting unit. An entity still has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. ASU No. 2017-04 is effectivefor interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. Adoption of ASU No. 2017-04 is prospective. We have not yet selected an adoption date, and ASU No. 2017-04 will have a currently undetermined impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, Scope of Modification Accounting, to provide guidance on which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. ASU No. 2017-09 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. Adoption of ASU No. 2017-09 is prospective. We adopted ASU No. 2017-09 on January 1, 2018, which did not impact our consolidated financial statements upon adoption.
 
NOTE 3. INVENTORIES
 
Inventories consist of the following:following at:
 
 
March 31,
 
 

 
 
March 31,
2019
(Unaudited)
 
 
December 31,
2018
 
Finished goods
 $2,493,188 
 $2,782,014 
Inventory Reserve
  (100,000)
 
2018
(Unaudited)
 
 
December 31,
2017
 
 $2,393,188 
 $2,682,014 
Raw materials
 $- 
 $- 
Finished goods
  3,273,613 
  3,518,884 
 $3,273,613 
 $3,518,884 
 
NOTE 4. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
 
    Property and equipment consistsconsist of the following at:
 
 
March 31,
 
 

 
 
2018
(Unaudited)
 
 
December 31,
2017
 
 
March 31,
2019
(Unaudited)
 
 
December 31,
2018
 
Furniture and fixtures
 $91,216 
 $280,042 
 $277,976 
Equipment
  1,192,293 
  1,322,910 
  1,300,139 
Vehicles
  56,410 
  60,703 
Computer and Software
  113,319 
Leasehold Improvements
  15,554 
Computer and software
  153,324 
  143,579 
Leasehold improvements
  355,898 
Tenant Improvement Allowance
  405,000 
  1,468,792 
  2,577,877 
  2,543,295 
Less: Accumulated depreciation
  826,331 
  755,969 
  1,048,970 
  954,704 
 $642,461 
 $712,822 
 $1,528,907 
 $1,588,591 

 
For the three months ended March 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, depreciation was $84,468 and $70,361, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, amortization of tenant improvement allowance in the amount of $9,798 was recorded as lease expense and $66,775, respectively.included within general and administrative expense on the consolidated statement of operations.
 
NOTE 5. INTANGIBLE ASSETS
 
Intangible assets consist of patents and trademarks related to our Binary Ionization Technology. We amortize the patents over the estimated remaining lives of the related patents. The trademarks have an indefinite life. Amortization expense was $92,377 and $92,377 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, respectively.
 
Definite life intangible assets consist of the following:
 
 
 
March 31,
2018
(Unaudited)
 
 
December 31,
2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Intellectual Property and Patents
 $2,848,300 
 $2,848,300 
Less: Accumulated Amortization
  1,832,145 
  1,739,768 
Intangible Assets, net
 $1,016,155 
 $1,108,532 

 
 
March 31,
2019
(Unaudited)
 
 
December 31,
2018
 
Intellectual Property and Patents
 $2,848,300 
 $2,848,300 
Less: Accumulated Amortization
  2,201,653 
  2,109,276 
Intangible Assets, net
 $646,647 
 $739,024 
 
Indefinite life intangible assets consist of the following:
 
Trademarks
 $440,000 
 $496,792 
    
Total Intangible Assets, net
 $1,456,155 
 $1,548,532 
 $1,143,439 
 $1,235,816 
 
Approximate amortization over the next five years is as follows:
 
Twelve Month Period Ending March 31,
 
Amount
 
 
 
 
 
2019
 $370,000 
2020
  370,000 
2021
  276,000 
2022
  - 
2023
  - 
 
 $1,016,000 
Year Ended:
Amount
April 1 – December 31, 2019
$277,000
December 31, 2020
370,000
December 31, 2021
-
December 31, 2022
-
December 31, 2023
-
$647,000
 
NOTE 6. LEASES
In April 2018, we entered into a 10-year lease agreement for a new 9,000-square-foot facility that contains office, warehouse, lab and research and development space in Frederick, Maryland. The lease agreement was scheduled to commence on December 1, 2018 or when the property was ready for occupancy. The agreement provided for annual rent of $143,460, an escalation clause that increases the rent 3% year over year, a landlord tenant improvement allowance of $405,000 and additional landlord work as discussed in the lease agreement. We took occupancy of the property on December 17, 2018 and the lease was amended in March 2019 to provide for a 4-month rent holiday and a commencement date of April 1, 2019. Lease expense for operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.


The balances for our operating lease where we are the lessee are presented as follows within our condensed consolidated balance sheet:
Operating leases:
March 31,
2019
(Unaudited)
Assets:
  Operating lease right-of-use asset
$703,823
Liabilities:
  Current Portion of Long-Term Operating Lease
$23,436
  Long-Term Operating Lease, Net of Current Portion
1,089,316
$1,112,752
The components of lease expense are as follows within our condensed consolidated statement of operations:
General and Administrative Expenses:
Three Months Ended March 31,
2019
(Unaudited)
  Operating lease expense
$39,644
Other information related to leases where we are the lessee is as follows:
March 31,
2019
(Unaudited)
Weighted-average remaining lease term:
Operating leases
 10.00 years
Discount rate:
Operating leases
7.00%
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases where we are the lessee is as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,
2019
(Unaudited)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
$-


As of March 31, 2019, the maturities of our operating lease liability are as follows:
Year Ended:
 Operating Lease
April 1 - December 31, 2019
$65,753
December 31, 2020
146,688
December 31, 2021
151,088
December 31, 2022
155,621
December 31, 2023
160,290
Thereafter
910,280
Total minimum lease payments
1,589,720
Less: Interest
476,968
Present value of lease obligations
1,112,752
Less: Current portion
23,436
Long-term portion of lease obligations
$1,089,316
As previously reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 and under legacy lease accounting (ASC 840), future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of December 31, 2018 were as follows:
Year Ended:
Operating Lease
December 31, 2019
$102,000
December 31,2020
147,000
December 31,2021
151,000
December 31,2022
156,000
December 31,2023
160,000
Thereafter
923,000
$1,639,000
NOTE 7. CAPITALIZED SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS
In accordance with ASC 985-20 we capitalized certain software development costs associated with updating our continuing line of product offerings. As of March 31, 2019, a total of $125,704, of development costs are reported on our condensed consolidated balance sheet.
NOTE 6.8. CONVERTIBLE DEBT
 
In March and May 2017, the Companywe closed a private placement transaction in which itwe issued to certain accredited investors unregistered senior callable convertible promissory notes (the “Notes”) and three-year warrants to purchase an aggregate of 999,998 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.69 per share in exchange for aggregate gross proceeds of $6,000,000. The Notes bear interest at a rate of 4% per annum. $5,300,000 in principal was originally scheduled to mature on August 31, 2018 and $700,000 in principal was originally scheduled to mature on November 8, 2018, unless earlier redeemed, repurchased or converted. The Notes are convertible at the option of the holder into common stock at a conversion price of $0.54 per share. Subsequent to September 1, 2017, we may redeem the Notes that are scheduled to mature on August 31, 2018 at any time prior to maturity at a price equal to 100% of the outstanding principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest as of the redemption date.  Prior to November 8, 2018, we may redeem the Notes that are scheduled to mature on such date at any time prior to maturity at a price equal to 100% of the outstanding principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest as of the redemption date. Interest on the Notes is payable semi-annually in cash on February 28 and August 31 of each year, beginning on August 31, 2017. Interest expense related to the Notes for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $50,000 and 2017 was $60,000, and $14,133, respectively.

 
The warrants were valued at $62,559 using the Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions: expected volatility: 104.06% –111.54%; expected dividend: $0; expected term: 3 years; and risk-free rate: 1.49%–1.59%. The CompanyWe recorded the warrants’ relative fair value of $61,904 as an increase to additional paid-in capital and a discount against the related Notes.
 
The debt discount is beingwas amortized over the life of the Notes using the effective interest method. Amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, was $17,534 and 2017 was $8,037, and $137, respectively.
 
In February and March 2018, we extended the maturity date of the Notes—we extended the maturity datesdate to April 1, 2019 for $5,300,000 of principal on the Notes to April 1, 2019 and $700,000 in principal of the Notes to June 8, 2019. for the remaining $700,000 Note. No additional consideration was paid or accrued by the Company.us. The stated rate of the Notes was unchanged, and the estimated fair value of the new debt approximates its carrying amount (principal plus accrued interest at the date of the modification). We determined that the modification of these Notes is not a substantial modification in accordance with ASC 470-50, “Modifications and Extinguishments”.
 

In May 2018, we offered a noteholder the option to convert its Note at a reduced conversion price of $0.46.The noteholder accepted and converted at such price.Pursuant to the terms of the conversion offer, an aggregate of $700,000 of principal and $5,212 of accrued interest outstanding under the Note were converted into 1,877,960 shares of common stock.  We recognized an induced conversion cost of $57,201 related to the conversion.
In December 2018, a noteholder redeemed a note with a principal balance of $300,000 in exchange for $150,000 in cash.We recognized a gain on redemption of convertible note income in the amount of $150,000 as a result of the transaction.
On March 30, 2019, the two-remaining noteholders agreed to extend the maturity dates of their notes totaling $5,000,000 to April 3, 2020. As part of the extensions, we agreed that if we do not make payment on or before the new maturity dates, after five (5) days written notice, the holders will have the right, but not the obligation, to convert the notes into our common shares at a conversion price of $0.11 per share or a total of 45,454,545 shares. All other provisions of the notes remain unchanged. We determined that the modification of these Notes is not a substantial modification in accordance with ASC 470-50, “Modifications and Extinguishments”.
 
Convertible notes consist of the following at:
 
 
 March 31,
 
 
 
 
 
 2018
 
 
 December 31,
 
 
March 31,
2019
(Unaudited)
 
 
December 31,
2018
 
 
 (Unaudited)
 
 
 2017
 
 
 
 
Convertible notes
 $6,000,000 
 $5,000,000 
Initial discount
  (61,904)
  (53,873)
Accumulated amortization
  14,316 
  6,279 
  53,873 
  36,339 
Convertible notes, net
 $5,952,412 
 $5,944,375 
 $5,000,000 
 $4,982,466 
 
NOTE 7.9. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
Our boardBoard of directorsDirectors (the “Board”) may, without further action by our shareholders, from time to time, direct the issuance of any authorized but unissued or unreserved shares of preferred stock in series and at the time of issuance, determine the rights, preferences and limitations of each series. The holders of such preferred stock may be entitled to receive a preference payment in the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company before any payment is made to the holders of our common stock. Furthermore, the board of directorsBoard could issue preferred stock with voting and other rights that could adversely affect the voting power of the holders of our common stock.

 
Convertible Series A Preferred Stock
 
Our authorized Convertible Series A Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value, consists of 1,000,000 shares. At March 31, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, there were 510,000 shares issued and outstanding. The Convertible Series A Preferred Stock is convertible at the rate of one share of common stock for one share of Convertible Series A Preferred Stock.
 
Convertible Series B Preferred Stock
 
Our authorized Convertible Series B Preferred Stock, $1,000 stated value, 7.5% cumulative dividend, consists of 4,000 shares. At March 31, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, there were no shares issued and outstanding, respectively. Each share of Convertible Series B Preferred Stock may be converted (at the holder’s election) into two hundred shares of our common stock.
 
Common Stock
 
During the three months ended March 31, 2017, we did not issue any shares of common stock.
During the three months ended March 31, 2018, we issued 300,000 shares of common stock valued at $30,000 to members of our board of directors (see Note 9)11).
During the three months ended March 31, 2019, we issued 400,000 shares of common stock valued at $44,000 to members of our board of directors (see Note 11). 
 
Stock Options
 
In January 2018, we issued options to purchase an aggregate of 100,000 shares of common stock to our Chief Operating Officer, valued at $11,780. The options have an exercise price of $0.12 per share and expire in January 2023. The options were valued using the Black-Scholes model using the following assumptions: volatility: 146%; dividend yield: 0%; zero coupon rate: 2.27%; and a life of 5 years.
 
In January 2018, we issued options to purchase an aggregate of 20,000 shares of common stock to our scientific advisory boardScientific Advisory Board members, valued at $1,810 in total. The options have an exercise price of $0.10 per share and expire in January 2028. The options were valued using the Black-Scholes model using the following assumptions: volatility: 147%; dividend yield: 0%; zero coupon rate: 2.41%; and a life of 10 years.
 
In January 2019, pursuant to an employment agreement, we issued options to purchase an aggregate of 250,000 shares of common stock to our Chief Operating Officer, valued at $24,694. The options have an exercise price of $0.11 per share and expire in January 2024. The options were valued using the Black-Scholes model using the following assumptions: volatility: 144%; dividend yield: 0%; zero coupon rate: 2.47%; and a life of 5 years. The value of the options was expensed in the fourth quarter of 2018 and included in accrued expenses at December 31, 2018.
In January 2019, we issued options to purchase an aggregate of 50,000 shares of common stock to our Chief Financial Officer, valued at $4,483. The options have an exercise price of $0.10 per share and expire in January 2024. The options were valued using the Black-Scholes model using the following assumptions: volatility: 143%; dividend yield: 0%; zero coupon rate: 2.58%; and a life of 5 years.

 
The following table summarizes stock options outstanding as of March 31, 20182019 and December 31, 2017:2018:
 
 
March 31, 2018 (Unaudited)
 
 
December 31, 2017
 
 
March 31, 2019
(Unaudited)
 
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
Number of Options
 
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
 
Number of Options
 
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
 
Number of Options
 
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
 
Number of Options
 
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
Outstanding, beginning of period
  200,000 
 $0.76 
  200,000 
 $0.76 
  320,000 
 $0.52 
  200,000 
 $0.76 
Granted
  120,000 
 $0.12 
   
  300,000 
 $0.11 
  120,000 
 $0.12 
Exercised
   
   
Outstanding, end of period
  320,000 
 $0.52 
  200,000 
 $0.76 
  620,000 
 $0.32 
  320,000 
 $0.52 
 
Options outstanding and exercisable by price range as of March 31, 20182019 were as follows:
 
Outstanding Options
Outstanding Options
 
Average
Weighted
 
 
Exercisable Options
 
Outstanding Options
 
Average
Weighted
 
 
Exercisable Options
 
Range
 
Number
 
 
Remaining
Contractual
Life in Years
 
 
Number
 
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
 
 
Number
 
 
Remaining
Contractual
Life in Years
 
 
Number
 
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$0.05
  20,000 
  2.78 
  20,000 
 $0.05 
  20,000 
  1.78 
  20,000 
 $0.05 
$0.10
  20,000 
  9.83 
  20,000 
 $0.10 
  70,000 
  5.97 
  70,000 
 $0.10 
$0.11
  250,000 
  4.76 
  250,000 
 $0.11 
$0.12
  100,000 
  4.77 
  100,000 
 $0.12 
  100,000 
  3.78 
  100,000 
 $0.12 
$0.27
  40,000 
  6.76 
  40,000 
 $0.27 
  40,000 
  5.76 
  40,000 
 $0.27 
$0.55
  100,000 
  7.85 
  100,000 
 $0.55 
  100,000 
  6.85 
  100,000 
 $0.55 
$2.10
  40,000 
  1.76 
  40,000 
 $2.10 
  40,000 
  0.76 
  40,000 
 $2.10 
  320,000 
  5.80 
  320,000 
 $0.52 
  620,000 
  4.79 
  620,000 
 $0.32 
 
Stock Warrants
For the three months ended March 31, 2017, we recognized approximately $12,000 in equity compensation expense for the accrued but unvested portion of certain warrants issued to a former employee pursuant to his agreement with the Company.
In March and May 2017, in connection with the issuance of the Notes, we issued three-year warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 999,998 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.69 per share (see Note 6).
 
We did not issue any warrants during the three months ended March 31, 2018.
 
               In January 2019 we issued a warrant to purchase 1,000,000 shares of common stock to the CEO at an exercise price of $0.10 per share pursuant to an employment agreement. The warrant was valued at $89,654 and has a term of 5 years. We utilized the Black-Scholes model to fair value the warrant received by the CEO with the following assumptions: volatility, 143%; expected dividend yield, 0%; risk free interest rate, 2.58%; and a life of 5 years. The grant date fair value of each share of common stock underlying the warrant was $0.09.
               In January 2019 we issued a warrant to purchase 250,000 shares of common stock to an employee at an exercise price of $0.12 per share. The warrant was valued at $21,931 and has a term of 3 years. We utilized the Black-Scholes model to fair value the warrant received by the employee with the following assumptions: volatility, 148%; expected dividend yield, 0%; risk free interest rate, 2.55%; and a life of 3 years. The grant date fair value of each share of common stock underlying the warrant was $0.09. The value of the warrants was expensed in the fourth quarter of 2018 and included in accrued expenses at December 31, 2018.

The following table summarizes the outstanding common stock warrants as of March 31, 20182019 and December 31, 2017:2018:
 
 
 
March 31, 2018 (Unaudited)
 
 
December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 Number of Warrants
 
 
 Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
 
 Number of Warrants
 
 
 Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
Outstanding, beginning of period
  35,501,411 
 $0.33 
  37,076,413 
 $0.31 
Granted
  - 
  - 
  4,774,998 
  0.24 
Exercised
  - 
  - 
  (975,000)
  0.05 
Expired
  (250,000)
  (0.15)
  (5,375,000)
  0.13 
Outstanding, end of period
  35,251,411 
 $0.33 
  35,501,411 
 $0.33 

 
 
March 31,
2019
(Unaudited)
 
 
December 31,
2018
 
 
 
 Number of Warrants
 
 
 Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
 
 Number of Warrants
 
 
 Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
Outstanding, beginning of period
  26,550,611 
 $0.34 
  35,501,411 
 $0.33 
Granted
  1,250,000 
  0.10 
  250,000 
  0.08 
Exercised
  - 
  - 
  - 
  - 
Expired
  (1,000,000)
  (0.30)
  (9,200,800)
  (0.30)
Outstanding, end of period
  26,800,611 
 $0.33 
  26,550,611 
 $0.34 
 
Warrants outstanding and exercisable by price range as of March 31, 20182019 were as follows: 
 
Outstanding Warrants
Outstanding Warrants
 
 
 
 
Exercisable Warrants
 
Outstanding Warrants
 
 
 
 
Exercisable Warrants
 
Exercise Price
 
Number
 
 
Average
Weighted
Remaining
Contractual
Life in Years
 
 
Number
 
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
 
 
Number
 
 
Average Weighted
Remaining Contractual
Life in Years
 
 
Number
 
 
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
 
$0.08
  250,000 
  4.65 
  250,000 
 $0.08 
$0.10
  265,000 
  4.29 
  265,000 
 $0.10 
  1,265,000 
  4.51 
  1,265,000 
 $0.10 
$0.12
  7,500,000 
  3.03 
  7,500,000 
 $0.12 
  3,750,000 
  3.67 
  3,750,000 
 $0.12 
$0.12
  4,000,000 
  0.54 
  4,000,000 
 $0.12 
$0.17
  10,000 
  4.57 
  10,000 
 $0.17 
  10,000 
  3.57 
  10,000 
 $0.17 
$0.26
  100,000 
  0.24 
  100,000 
 $0.26 
$0.27
  250,000 
  3.75 
  250,000 
 $0.27 
  250,000 
  2.75 
  250,000 
 $0.27 
$0.29
  10,125,613 
  2.55 
  10,125,613 
 $0.29 
  10,125,613 
  1.55 
  10,125,613 
 $0.29 
$0.30
  11,925,800 
  0.50 
  11,925,800 
 $0.30 
  2,300,000 
  1.39 
  2,300,000 
 $0.30 
$0.32
  250,000 
  3.50 
  250,000 
 $0.32 
  250,000 
  2.50 
  250,000 
 $0.32 
$0.33
  75,000 
  0.50 
  75,000 
 $0.33 
$0.42
  250,000 
  3.25 
  250,000 
 $0.42 
  250,000 
  2.25 
  250,000 
 $0.42 
$0.50
  325,000 
  2.32 
  325,000 
 $0.50 
  250,000 
  2.00 
  250,000 
 $0.50 
$0.55
  100,000 
  2.83 
  100,000 
 $0.55 
  100,000 
  1.83 
  100,000 
 $0.55 
$0.62
  75,000 
  0.30 
  75,000 
 $0.62 
$0.69
  999,998 
  1.96 
  999,998 
 $0.69 
  999,998 
  0.97 
  999,998 
 $0.69 
$1.00
  3,000,000 
  2.09 
  3,000,000 
 $1.00 
  3,000,000 
  1.09 
  3,000,000 
 $1.00 
  35,251,411 
  1.99 
  35,251,411 
 $0.33 
  26,800,611 
  1.81 
  26,800,611 
 $0.33 
 
There were no unvested warrants outstanding as of March 31, 2018.2019.
 
NOTE 8.10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Lease Commitments
In September 2014, we entered into a lease agreement for office and warehouse space in Frederick, Maryland. As part of the lease agreement, we received a rent holiday in the first 5 months of the lease. The lease also provided for an escalation clause pursuant to which the Company was subject to an annual rent increase of 3%, year over year. The term of the lease expired on January 31, 2018 and has been extended on a month-to-month basis. We account for the lease using the straight line method and recorded $12,927 and $11,427 in rent expense for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively
 
Legal Contingencies 
 
We may become a party to litigation in the normal course of business.  In the opinion of management, there are no legal matters involving us that would have a material adverse effect upon our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. In addition, from time to time, we may have to file claims against parties that infringe on our intellectual property.
 

Product Liability
 
As of March 31, 2018,2019, and December 31, 2017,2018, there were no claims against us for product liability.
 

NOTE 9.11. CONTRACTS AND AGREEMENTS
Manufacturing Agreement
In November 2016, we entered into a manufacturing and development agreement with RG Group Inc. The agreement does not provide for any minimum purchase commitments and is for a term of two years with provisions to extend. The agreement also provides for a warranty against product defects for one year.
As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, balances due to RG Group, Inc. accounted for approximately 35% and 45% of total accounts payable, respectively.  At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we maintained required deposits with RG Group, Inc. in the amounts of $15,714 and $0, respectively.  For the three months endedMarch31, 2018 and 2017, RG Group, Inc. accounted for 70% and 67% of cost of goods sold, respectively.
 
Agreements with Directors
 
In December 2017, we increased the annual board fee to directors to $40,000, to be paid in cash on a quarterly basis, with the exception of the audit committee chairperson, whose annual fee we increased to $45,000, also to be paid in cash on a quarterly basis. The board feeDirector compensation also includes the annual issuance of 75,000 shares ofour common stock on an annual basis. stock.
For the three months ended March 31, 2018, we issued an aggregate of 300,000 shares of common stock that were valued at $30,000 to members of our board of directors.
For the three months ended March 31, 2019, we issued an aggregate of 400,000 shares of common stock that were valued at $44,000 to members of our board of directors.
 
Other Agreements
 
In June 2015, we launched the TOMI Service Network (“TSN”). The TSN is a national service network composed of existing full servicefull-service restoration industry specialists that have entered into licensing agreements with us to become Primary Service Providers (“PSP’s”PSPs”). The licensing agreements grant protected territories to PSP’sPSPs to perform services using our SteraMist platform of products and also provide for potential job referrals to PSP’sPSPs whereby we are entitled to referral fees. Additionally, the agreement provides for commissions due to PSP’sPSPs for equipment and solution sales they facilitate to other service providers in their respective territories. As part of these agreements, we are obligated to provide to the PSP’sPSPs various training, ongoing support and facilitate a referral network call center. As of March 31, 2018,2019, we had entered into 7189 licensing agreements in connection with the launch of the TSN. The licensing agreements contain fixed price minimum equipment and solution orders based on the population of the territories granted pursuant to the licensing agreements. The nature and terms of our TSN agreements may represent multiple deliverable arrangements. Each of the deliverables in these arrangements typically represent a separate unit of accounting.
 
NOTE 10.12. ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES
 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following at:

 
March 31,
2018
(Unaudited)
 
 
December 31,
2017
 
 
March 31,
2019
(Unaudited)
 
 
December 31,
2018
 
 
Commissions
 $109,770 
 $115,506 
 $271,750 
 $136,631 
Payroll and related costs
  62,484 
  43,484 
  142,497 
  144,359 
Director fees
  55,250 
  27,750 
  41,250 
Accrued warranty
  5,000 
Sales Tax Payable
  30,973 
  11,296 
Accrued warranty (Note 13)
  30,000 
Other accrued expenses
  55,356 
  75,396 
  63,956 
  51,663 
Total
 $287,861 
 $267,136 
 $580,426 
 $415,199 
 

NOTE 11.13. ACCRUED WARRANTY
 
Our manufacturer assumes warranty against product defects for one year from the sale to customers, which we extend to our customers upon sale of the product. We assume responsibility for product reliability and results. The warranty is generally limited to a refund of the original purchase price of the product or a replacement part. We estimate warranty costs based on historical warranty claim experience.
 

            
The following table presents warranty reserve activities at:
 
 
March 31,
2018
(Unaudited)
 
 
December 31,
2017
 
 
March 31,
2019
(Unaudited)
 
 
December 31,
2018
 
Beginning accrued warranty costs
 $5,000 
 $- 
 $30,000 
 $5,000 
Cost of warranty claims
  1,644 
  5,731 
Provision for warranty expense
  1,324 
  47,454 
Settlement of warranty claims
  (1,644)
  (5,731)
  (1,324)
  (22,454)
Provision for product warranty costs
  - 
  5,000 
Ending accrued warranty costs
 $5,000 
 $30,000 
 
NOTE 12.14. CUSTOMER CONCENTRATION
 
The Company had certain customers whose revenue individually represented 10% ofor more of the Company’s total revenue, or whose accounts receivable balances individually represented 10% ofor more of the Company’s accounts receivable.
 
ThreeAs of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, two customers accounted for 41% and 37% of accounts receivable, respectively.
Two customers accounted for 45% of net revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and three customers accounted for 33% of net revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and three customers accounted for 43% of net revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017.2018.
 
At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, two customers accounted for 25% and 24% of accounts receivable, respectively.
NOTE 13.15. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
 
The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued and up to the time of filing of the financial statements with the SEC.
 
In April 2018, we2019, TOMI entered into a 10 year leasedistribution agreement with an Israeli company, Cleancor Technologies Ltd., an advanced solution company for a new 9,000 square foot facility that contains office, warehouse, labthe industrial cleaning and researchrepair of water and development spacefire damages.
In April 2019, we secured product registration for our SteraMist®BITSolution in Frederick, Maryland. The lease agreement commences on December 1, 2018 and provides for annual rent of $143,460, contains an escalation clause that increases the rent 3%, year over year and a landlord tenant improvement allowance of $405,000.Israel.
 
In May 2018, one2019, we recorded a sale of over $400,000 for the noteholders with a principal balanceKansas Department of $700,000 agreed to convert its Note into shares of common stock at a reduced conversion price of $0.46 per share.
Health in the United States.
 

 
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
 
You should read the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q and with our audited consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017,2018, as filed with the SEC. In addition to our historical condensed consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates, and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, particularly in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.”
 
Overview
 
We are TOMI Environmental Solutions, Inc. (“TOMI”, “we” and “our”) is a global provider of infection preventiondisinfection and decontamination essentials through our premier Binary Ionization Technology® (BIT) platform, under which we manufacture, license, service and sell our SteraMist® brand of products, servicesincluding SteraMist® BIT, a hydrogen peroxide-based mist/fog.
TOMI’s cold plasma technology produces ionized Hydrogen Peroxide (iHP, a mist/fog consisting of Reactive Oxygen Species, mainly hydroxyl radicals (“.OH”). This technology converts TOMI’s BITsolution, which contains only one active ingredient, a low-percentage hydrogen peroxide solution to.OH by passing it through an atmospheric cold plasma arc.
In response to the 2001 Anthrax spore attacks, the United States Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (“DARPA”) and research.a leading defense company, Titan Corporation, developed BITto defend against chemical and biological agents under a DARPA grant. In June 2005, L-3Communications, Inc. (“L-3 Communications”) a leading defense company, acquired the technology through the acquisition of Titan Corporation.In 2011, TOMI recognized the importance of this disruptive and innovative technology and,after two years of negotiations, won the right to purchase the technology from L-3 Communications. Subsequently, we began the process of registering BITwith the Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”), using good laboratory practice testing.TOMI introduced SteraMist®to the commercial market in June 2013, using our inherited and pre-existing EPA mold label. In June 2015, we successfully registered SteraMist® BITas a hospital-healthcare disinfectant and broad-spectrum general use disinfectant for use as a misting/fogging agent, at which time our technology became the first EPA-registered hospital-healthcare disinfectant solution and equipment on the market. TOMI proudly maintains this registration and we continuously update our label with additional pathogens.
Markets
TOMI’s SteraMist® products are designed to address a panoply of industries using iHP. Our operating structure consists ofoperations are organized into four divisions: Healthcare,main divisions based on our current target industries: Hospital-Healthcare, Life Sciences, TOMI Service Network and Food Safety. We provide environmental solutions for indoor and outdoor surface decontamination through the sale of equipment, services and licensing of our SteraMist BIT, which is a hydrogen peroxide-based mist and fog registered with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”). Our mission is to help our customers create a healthier world through our product line and our motto is “innovating for a safer world” for healthcare and life.
 
We introduced our SteraMist BIT technology platform to the commercial market in June 2013, which currently consists of a suite of products that incorporate our BIT™ solution and applicators, including the SteraMist™ Surface Unit and the SteraMist™ Environment System. We have expanded our SteraMist™ BIT™ Technology beyond chemical and biological warfare applications to the killing of problem microorganisms (including spores) in a wide variety of commercial settings. SteraMist™ BIT™ is designed to provide fast-acting biological six-log kill, which is a 99.9999% kill, and work in hard-to-reach areas, while leaving no residue or noxious fumes.Products
 
We currently target both domestic and international markets for the controlcontinue to offer our customers a wide range of microorganisms and the decontamination of large and small indoor space for biological pathogens and chemical agents including infectious diseases in hospital, bio-secure labs, pharmaceutical, biodefense, biosafety (including isolation and transfer chambers), tissue banks, food safety and many other commercial and residential settings.
Under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, we are required to register with the EPA and certain state regulatory authorities as a seller of pesticides. In June 2015, SteraMist™ BIT™ was registered with the EPA as a hospital-healthcare disinfectant for use as a misting/fogging agent. SteraMistBITholds EPA registrations both as a hospital-healthcare and general disinfectant (EPA Registration 90150-2) and for mold control and air and surface remediation (EPA Registration 90150-1). In February 2016, we expanded our label with the EPA to include the bacteriasClostridium difficileand MRSA, as well as the influenza virus h1n1, which we believe has better positioned us to penetrate the hospital-healthcare and other industries. In August 2017, our EPA label was further expanded to include efficacy againstSalmonellaand Norovirus. In December 2017, SteraMist™ was included in the EPA’s list K, G, L and M. Currently, we have our EPA-registered label in all 50 states.
SteraMist isinnovative products designed to be easily incorporated into currenttheir existing disinfection and decontamination procedures. In addition, we offer equipment installations, qualifications, and performance maintenance needs all of which are structured to address iHP® service disinfection and decontamination needs globally.

Divisions
Hospital-Healthcare
TOMI currently counts 42 hospital-healthcare facilities as customers, with an expanding number each year. In 2018, TOMI launched the E-Z SteraMist® Disinfection Cart, an all-in-one cart that houses our handheld point-and-spray SteraMist® Surface Unit as well as accompanying supplies. This product is designed to make the terminal cleaning procedures; economical, non-corrosiveprocess of patient rooms more efficient than traditional manual cleaning methods. We believe that our E-Z SteraMist® Disinfection Cart will allow our customers within the Hospital-Healthcare industry to address the growing concern regarding the increasing high level of transference of pathogens including multiple drug resistant organisms (MDRO’s) leading to HAI’s from hospital and easyhealthcare related environmental surfaces and equipment to apply; leave no residues;patients and require no wiping. All ourhealthcare workers.
Life Sciences
TOMI’s SteraMist®. Environment System, iHP Decontamination Complete Room, SteraMist® Select Surface Unit, iHP productsimplementation to decontamination chambers and cage washers, and our iHP® Service Division, are fully validateddesigned to comply with good manufacturing practice standard, have received Conformité Européene (CE) marksprovide a complete room solution to address the regulatory inspections of disinfecting/decontaminating and validation processes within the life sciences industry.
TOMI Service Network
TSN is our network comprised of outside professionals who are exclusively licensed and trained to use the SteraMist® products. TSN sells, trains and services professional remediation companies in the European Economic Areause of SteraMist®. These companies specialize in mold abatement, water damage (including damage from CAT 1 though 3 water loss) and fire damage, as well as professional specialists that are certified and practice in the area of forensic restoration. Currently, TSN is comprised of companies throughout the United States and Canada. TSN members use SteraMistapproved® by Underwriters Laboratory. Our solution is manufactured at an EPA-registered solution blender andas a standalone service as well as incorporating our product performance is supported by good laboratory practice efficacy data for Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, mold spores, MRSA, h1n1, Geobacillus stearothermophilus and Clostridium difficile spores. Asproducts into their existing business models. TOMI derives a continuous revenue stream from our TSN customers through recurring purchases of January 27, 2017, our BIT solutionsolution.
Our TSN network continues to grow and currently the total number of TSN provider contracts fully executed to date is eighty-nine (89), expanding our network membership across thirty-five (35) U.S. States and two (2) Canadian provinces.  Our service providers have over one hundred and fifty (150 ) SteraMist® with BIT technology units in the field allowing for rapid deployment for use in the control of a biological outbreak and border security nationally and internationally.
Food Safety
Food Safety is becoming one of 53our largest targeted markets, as we believe it presents a clear potential for substantial growth. This is in light of the EPA’s “Registered Antimicrobial Products Effective against Clostridium difficile Spores”implementation and enforcement of new and existing rules in the United States under the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act and in Canada under the Safe Food for Canadians Act and the Safe Food for Canadians Regulations, the latter two of which became effective in January 2019. This is in part due to this increased focus on concerns within the food safety industry in North America and abroad. We have consultants submitting to the EPA and FDA a request to expand our current labels from the treatment of food processing machinery, restaurants and food contact areas, to include direct food and crop applications. This market is rapidly developing for TOMI with the assistance of our co-marketing partner Arkema, a division of Total S.A., as publisheda French multinational integrated oil and gas company.
We intend to target the following segments, with an initial emphasis on the EPA’s K Listprofitable organic market:
Growing crops
Seeds
Packaging facilities
Food storage (produce, meats, fish)
Food transportation vehicle’s
Food processing
Cannabis
In each area, our main objective is to prevent and/or minimize food decay without utilizing harsh chemicals that leave toxic residues. This could create an opportunity to supplement, or replace, current pesticides and fungicides currently being used by these industry leaders.

Business Highlights and Recent Events
Research Studies & Product Development
.We continue to participate in a large study, a “SHIELD study”, that compares hospital manual cleans to a SteraMist® mechanical clean. This study is being conducted at Los Angeles Public Health Hospitals; UCLA Olive View Medical Center, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center. Preliminary results have shown that there has been a significant decrease in the transference of pathogens resulting in HAIs and C.difficileinfections in the rooms that used SteraMist® for their terminal clean, as compared to the rooms that have been manually cleaned. Future results will be released as obtained from the study’s lead investigators, which we believe will expand our presence in the hospital healthcare market.
 
In the first quarter of 2019, we also focused on improving our SteraMist Environment System and the development of our own proprietary software that will be integrated into the next generation of the Environment System. The new software will improve communication between our equipment and the end user’s system, provide improved reporting results and simplify the overall usage of the system itself. During the first quarter of 2019, we reached feasibility with the software being developed.
We continue to focus on providing resources towards additional efficacy studies, iHP™ applications, and expansion into new use sites and smaller enclosures. In March of 2019, we delivered an iHP Mobile Decontamination Chamber for the Pfizer facility in Sanford, North Carolina. This first model was custom designed to the facility’s specifications and requirements to decontaminate tools and calibration equipment. With the design of this custom unit, TOMI is excited to expand on this design by manufacturing a new product line not only for its Life Sciences, but its Hospital-HealthCare and Food Safety divisions.
We continue to evaluate product validation across verticals which include but are not limited to: Life Science -studies on monkeypox and pinworms. Healthcare - studies on resistant TB and C. auris a deadly Japanese fungus plaguing our healthcare system worldwide. We currently are registered by the EPA for treatment of rooms infected with C. auris because of our EPA status on list K and C. diff claim but many international countries want a specific claim for C. auris. TSN - mycotoxins the potential allergen left after treating residential and commercial building for mold. Food safety - approval for direct food use, we are registering a lower percentage hydrogen peroxide product for direct food spray use and continuing our testing in the cannabis industry to control many of the pathogens affecting their industry which is quickly becoming a global industry with plaguing mold issues.
Registrations & Intellectual Property (IP):
In January 2018,2019, TOMI received a no objection letter from Canada, amending its BITSolution registration to include Salmonella and Norovirus. Our Canadian label now holds similar efficacy claims with our U.S. EPA label.
In February 2019, we appointedadded our Canadian label to the Organic Materials Review Institute (“OMRI”) certifying that our product meets the Canadian organic standards. 
In March 2019, TOMI and its new customer in Brisbane, Australia who services critical environments with iHP®registered with the Australian Therapeutic Goods Association and received a client identification number.
TOMI has been actively pursuing registration in mainland China for 24 months. We have now successfully passed the Chinese CDC requirements for registration and have hired a CDC consultant to pass the flame off to and carry the registration flame forward.Also, we have been shoring up our trademarks for SteraMist China and registering all our new Chiefpatents. We have identified a Chinese customer that we expect will generate revenue upon receipt of the Chinese CDC registration in 2019.
TOMI’s technology and its solution through its Israeli partner is registered by the State of Israel, Minister of Health’s Medical Technology, Information and Research Division under the Medical Device Department.

Operations:
 In January 2019, TOMI and Arkema Inc. a global leader in the hydrogen peroxide industry entered into an exclusive global co-marketing and supply agreement. The agreement provides that the parties will develop the market for TOMI’s technology using our SteraMist brand of products for food safety applications, improving the speed and effectiveness of disinfection solutions to the industry.
In February 2019, TOMI entered into a distribution agreement with Ster-Pharma Cleaning BV, a specialized company in Disinfecting & Sterilizing Cleanrooms and Operating Officer, Elissa Shane, who had previously servedRooms in the Netherlands.
In March 2019, we were audited by Pfizer Global Supply Manufacturing and Supplier Quality Assessments and were reported to be “Acceptable”, allowing us to continue expanding SteraMist®implementation into Pfizer facilities. In 2019, management further focused and allocated resources towards expanding quality control procedures and protocols based on recommendations received during the audit.
Financial Operations Overview
Our financial position as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was as follows:
 
 
March 31,
2019
(Unaudited)
 
 
December 31,
2018
 
Total shareholders’ equity
 $2,245,000 
 $2,995,000 
Cash and cash equivalents
 $1,196,000 
 $2,005,000 
Accounts receivable, net
 $2,028,000 
 $2,146,000 
Inventories, net
 $2,393,000 
 $2,682,000 
Prepaid expenses
 $259,000 
 $302,000 
Deposits
 $189,000 
 $109,000 
Current liabilities
 $1,308,000 
 $1,700,000 
Convertible notes payable, net
 $5,000,000 
 $4,982,000 
Long-term liabilities (excluding long-term convertible notes)
 $1,089,000 
 $402,000 
Working capital
 $4,757,000 
 $5,544,000 
During the three months ended March 31, 2019, our liquidity positions were affected by the following:
Net cash used in other rolesoperations of approximately $649,000.
Costs incurred to develop software of approximately $126,000.
Purchase of property and equipment of approximately $35,000.
Results of Operations for several years. In addition,the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
 
 (Unaudited)
 
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
Revenues, Net
 $1,253,000 
 $1,312,000 
Gross Profit
 $759,000 
 $821,000 
Total Operating Expenses (1)
 $1,627,000 
 $1,317,000 
Loss from Operations
 $(868,000)
 $(496,000)
Total Other Income (Expense)
 $(67,000)
 $(67,000)
Net Loss
 $(935,000)
 $(563,000)
Basic Net Loss per Share
 $(0.01)
 $(0.00)
Diluted Net Loss per Share
 $(0.01)
 $(0.00)
(1)
Includes approximately $81,000 and $13,000 in Januarynon-cash equity compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, we also announced the appointment of Dr. Lim Boh Soon to our board of directors.respectively.

Net Revenue
Sales
 
Our revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was approximately $1,253,000 and 2017$1,312,000, respectively. The quarter over quarter decline in revenue is a result of fluctuations in our sales cycle based on our customer mix and attributable to the timing of our higher priced equipment orders that result in a high dollar volume of sales. Our customer mix ranges between commercial businesses, local, state and federal governmental agencies which result in a longer sales cycle.
               The first quarter of 2019 flat revenue was $1,312,000 and 1,099,000, respectively, an increase of $213,000 or 19%primarily due to where we are in the current year period. customer cycle. TOMI products are early in the product and customer adoption cycle. Due to the early adoption, we continue to generate business from new customers, however, the existing customer re-order of additional equipment are at a slower pace due to the assessment and integration of our technology into the on-going customer operations. As customers mature through the product and adoption cycle, we expect to have more predictable sales quarter over quarter.
During the three months ended March 31, 2018,first quarter 2019, we added 13 new customerscontinued to increase our customer base and noted an increasesaw positive trends in our repeat orders for solution orders fromand consumables by our existing clientgrowing customer base.
 
Domestically,In January 2019, we were engaged by LYNX Product Group, a manufacturer that designs, builds, and has a reputation of premium brand washing equipment for a national renounced well-known military medical center based in the DC metro area to implement a SteraMist Environment System with special programing features to work as the decontamination solution for a cage washer that will be moved into the facility shortly.
In February 2019, Paragon BioServices, an industry-leading development and manufacturing organization focusing on biopharmaceuticals, reached out to TOMI with the need for disinfecting/decontaminating their facility with SteraMist.
We continue to build our revenuesales force and added a new domestic Life Sciences Manufacturing Representative team with a focus on lyophilizers (freeze dryers) that can be made in cleanroom configurations running iHPin the Biosafety Cabinet (BSC) and lyophilizer for many of their current clients.
Product and Service Revenue
 
 
For the three months ended March 31,
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
SteraMist Product
 $1,029,000 
 $1,092,000 
Service and Training
  224,000 
  220,000 
 Total
 $1,253,000 
 $1,312,000 
Revenue by Geographic Region
 
 
For the three months ended March 31,
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
United States
 $1,136,000 
 $945,000 
International
  117,000 
  367,000 
 Total
 $1,253,000 
 $1,312,000 

Cost of Sales
Cost of sales was approximately $493,000 and $492,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017 was $945,000 and $848,000, respectively. Therespectively, an increase of $1,000, in the current year period was attributable to large equipment orders from new customers duringperiod. Cost of sales can fluctuate based on the three months ended March 31, 2018, and steady repeat solution orders from our existing customer base.sales product mix.
 

Professional Fees
 
Internationally, our revenueProfessional fees were approximately $105,000 and $106,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017 was $367,000 and $251,000, respectively. The increaserespectively, a decrease of approximately $1,000, or 1%, in the current year periodperiod. Professional fees are comprised mainly of legal, accounting and financial consulting fees.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization were approximately $177,000 and $163,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, an increase of $14,000, or 9%, in the current year period. The increase in depreciation expense is attributable to increased orders from existing customersadditional property and equipment acquired in Europe2018.
Selling Expenses
Selling expenses were approximately $442,000 and Asia. While regulatory$204,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and product registrations have slowed our anticipated growth2018, respectively, an increase of $238,000, or 117%, in Asia and Europe, wethe current year period. We continue to make strides in the registration process, which we anticipate will position us to generate additional revenue in those regions. In March 2018, SteraMistBIT technology was registered with the Taiwan Environmental Protection Agency.
During the first quarter of 2018, we focused on expandinginvest and allocate resources into our internal and external sales, force and in April announced the hiring of Steven Grant, a senior leader in both the bio-tech and medical markets, who will serve as our Vice President of Sales. Mr. Grant brings over 30 plus years’ of experience and will direct all sales efforts across all divisions. Among his other previous positions held, he was a Vice President in the Life Science Division/Americas Sales and Marketing for over two years at Bioquell Inc (USA) and has extensive knowledge of hydrogen peroxide products as decontamination methods in a variety of divisions and verticals.
During the first quarter of 2018, we began participating in a large study that compares hospital manual cleans to a SteraMist™ mechanical clean using iHP™ disinfecting technology. The study is being conducted at one of the largest hospitals west of the Mississippi River, LAC-USC Medical Center, in addition to two other Los Angeles public hospitals, UCLA Olive View Medical Center, and Harbor-UCLA Medical Center. Study details and progress will be released as obtained from the study’s lead investigators.
To further expand efforts in our Healthcare division, we recently brought on Bill Flecky and Jeff Hobson who will lead our national sales efforts, and our initiatives are focused on expanding use sites for current SteraMist™ hospital clients, developing new clients, and securing greater penetration in the medical transport industry. Mr. Flecky our Director of Hospital-HealthCare, has years of demonstrated success in accelerating revenue growth and sales channel development in the scientific instruments, medical devices, and healthcare information technology markets. Mr. Hobson our Vice President of Hospital-HealthCare, has over 20 years of director level sales experience and a proven track record of generating revenue and developing business leads in the healthcare market specifically. We anticipate that the addition of these seasoned professionals will improve client penetration in this division.
In August of 2017, we announced the hiring of a new sales director to assist in the development of our business in the life science markets and added 26 additional sales representatives to our Life Sciences division.
In May 2018 we entered a lease for a 9,000 square foot facility in Frederick Maryland, to accommodate our expanding operations. The new space will have additional office and warehouse space, a dedicated laboratory, larger research and development space and will feature a one-of-a-kind, state-of-the-art built-in decontamination chamber to demonstrate the ease, quickness and effectiveness of our core product “SteraMistTM” while applying it to numerous types of vehicles from neighboring communities. The facility will be located at Riverside Corporate Park in the heart of emerging bio-tech companies and research centers.
In May, 2018. We announced that our U.K. distributor, Westbury Decontaminationcompleted a decontamination service job at one of the facilities of the Metropolitan Police Service. Which is the territorial police force responsible for law enforcement in Greater London, and also has significant national responsibilities, such as coordinating and leading on U.K. wide national counter-terrorism matters and protecting senior members of the British Royal Family, in addition to members of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom and other ministerial members of Her Majesty's Government of the United Kingdom.
During 2018, we intend to continue to build brand awareness through marketing and advertising initiatives as well as the overall performance of our product. We alsoand have increased efforts in the current year in order to further develop our brand recognition and grow our base of customers. We are hoping to see positive results in our revenue in the second half of the year directly related to the onboarding of different national sales groups during the first half of 2019. Our selling expenses increased in the current period as a result of the following:
Higher salaries due to increases in headcount in our sales department.
Customer mix in sales and the related commissions impact.
Increased tradeshow presence.
Continual efforts in advertising within targeted publications, Google search engine optimized campaigns, and organic brand awareness.
Continued investment in our Social Media presence across all platforms which has shown growth in followers, impressions, and engagements.
Selling expenses represent selling salaries and wages, trade show fees, commissions, advertising and marketing expenses.
Research and Development
Research and development expenses were approximately $93,000 and $132,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, a decrease of $39,000, or 30%, in the current year period. The primary reason for the decrease is attributable to costs we incurred in the current period that were capitalized as software development. Research and development expenses mainly include costs incurred in generating and supporting research on improving, extending and applying our patents in the field of mechanical cleaning and decontamination.
As we continue to introduce and maintain a new disinfection and decontamination standard in all our divisions, we will need to conduct studies, peer review and published papers. This requires effort of many of our full time employees.
Some of the milestones in research and development of various testing and studies withare:
Just recently CETA, the Controlled Environment Testing Association published a concentrationperformance review on “Validating A Decontamination Protocol Utiling/ionized Hydrogen Peroxide (iHP)”. The paper validates that TOMI’s produced ionized hydrogen peroxide was effective for complete kill in the hospital-healthcare market.pharmacy trailer system, after achieving greater than 6-log kill in its three validation cycles. With TOMI’s solution being lower than 8% hydrogen another benefit is that it can be safely transported in the trailers to multiple locations without any restrictions. iHP will be the preferred method of sterilization for Germfree bioGoTM X Mobile Compounding Pharmacies due to its efficacy, portability and other benefits. This method should be considered in other types of facilities including mobile, modular and fixed laboratories and cleanrooms.


Developments in the shield study are very encouraging to date. One way of creating a standard in a specific industry group in hospitals is to publish peer review study and results comparing manual cleaning to our rapid SteraMist terminal clean in hospitals, the SHIELD study is just that vehicle. With that study completing its first year recently with great results TOMI feels that its track record will continue. Also, the study may expand to a very large and recognized Midwest teaching university this summer to give the study even more data as it concludes its second year.
Our division verticals are asking for more validation in areas of interest for example the life sciences division wants to see studies on monkeypox and pinworms. Healthcare wants specific studies on resistant TB and C. auris a deadly Japanese fungus plaguing our healthcare system worldwide. We currently have placed significant resources intoare registered by the EPA for treatment of rooms infected with C. auris because of our EPA status on list K and C. diff claim but many international countries want a study that focusesspecific claim for C. auris. Our TSN divisions would like specific test on quicker hospital room terminal cleans.mycotoxins the allergen left after treating residential and commercial building for mold. Our food safety divisions wants approval for direct food use, as a result we are processing and registering a lower percentage hydrogen peroxide product for direct food spray and continuing our testing in the cannabis industry to control many of the pathogens affecting their industry which is quickly becoming a global industry with plaguing mold issues.
 
We haveTOMI has been active in the first quarter filling specific requests from global pharmaceutical companies for variations of our SteraMist products to meet their individual needs. This has resulted in the addition of three new products to our growing line of products. One such product is a single pod build-in unit for the University of Houston; a second new product is a decontamination cart for a Pfizer facility that may put this new decontamination cart product into their production process worldwide; and the third is the answer to the mobile treatment and decontamination of BSC cabinets and isolators with our stainless steel mobile 900 degree applicator.
             The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is in its final edits of another published paper titled “Cold Plasma Enhances the Efficacy of ionized Hydrogen Peroxide in Reducing Populations of Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria innocua on Grape tomatoes, Apples, Cantaloupe and Romaine Lettuce”, TOMI is looking forward to presentation of this paper at an upcoming national meeting and then the publication of this paper this year in a recognized international food safety journal.
TOMI has been included in the recently been featuredpublished Global Disinfectants Market-Trends, Insights & Forcasts by Melvin Bright. The April 2019 289 page report is on “Potential Risks from Epidemic, Drug Resistant Viruses and the Resulting Focus on Safety, Health, and Sanitation Drives Demand for Disinfectants.” The report shows that the disinfection market was a $4.48 billion market in many publications, including some that2018 and expects to grow and reach a $8.40 billion dollar market by 2025.
Equity Compensation Expense
Equity compensation expense was approximately $81,000 and $13,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Consulting Fees
Consulting fees were approximately $35,000 and $35,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.
General and Administrative Expense
General and administrative expense was approximately $695,000 and $664,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, an increase of $31,000, or 5%, in the current year period. General and administrative expense includes salaries and payroll taxes, rent, insurance expense, utilities, office expense and product registration costs.


Other Income and Expense
Amortization of debt discount was approximately $18,000 and $8,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Amortization of debt discount for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, consists of the amortization of debt discount on the $6,000,000 principal amount of Notes issued in March and May 2017. The debt discount was amortized over the life of the Notes utilizing the effective interest method.
Interest income was approximately $1,000 and $1,200 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Interest expense was approximately $50,000 and $60,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 consisted of the interest incurred on the $6,000,000 principal amount of Notes issued in March and May 2017.
Net Loss
Net loss was approximately $935,000 and $563,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, an increase of $372,000, or 66%, in the current year period. The primary reasons for the increased net loss are listed below;attributable to:
 
Lower revenue and gross profit of approximately $59,000 and $62,000, respectively
Higher operating expenses of approximately $310,000.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of March 31, 2019, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $1,196,000 and working capital of $4,757,000. Our principal capital requirements are to fund operations, invest in research and development and capital equipment, and the continued costs of public company filing requirements. We have historically funded our operations through debt and equity financings.
In March and May 2017, we were featured in an article published in the International Journalraised gross proceeds of Food Microbiology by authors from the Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology at the Harvard School of Public Health, which stated that cold plasma-activated hydrogen peroxide aerosol (SteraMist product) rendered samples of Escherichia coli 0157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria innocua inactive, while also maintaining the quality$6,000,000 through a private placement of the produce tested.Notes. We issued the Notes in two tranches of $5,300,000 and $700,000, respectively, which originally were scheduled to mature on August 31, 2018 and November 8, 2018, respectively, unless earlier redeemed, repurchased or converted.
In 2018 a portion of our convertible notes aggregating $1,000,000 principal were either converted to equity or paid.
On March 30, 2019, the remaining note holders agreed to extend the maturity dates of their aggregate of $5,000,000 in notes to April 3, 2020.
For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, we incurred losses from operations of approximately $868,000 and $496,000, respectively.  The cash used in operations was approximately $649,000 and $683,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 
Our revenues can fluctuate due to the following factors, among others:
 
In June 2017, oneRamp up and expansion of our custom built-in systems that was designedinternal sales force and installedmanufacturers’ representatives;
Length of our sales cycle;
Expansion into a vivarium facility at the Dana Farber Cancer Institute was featured in a publication, ALNmag (Animal Laboratory Magazine) “Applying Alternative Decontamination Methods in Vivarium Design”.new territories and markets; and
Timing of orders from distributors.
 

We could incur additional operating losses and an increase of costs related to the continuation of product and technology development and administrative activities.
Management has taken and will endeavor to continue to take a number of actions in order to improve our results of operations and the related cash flows generated from operations in order to strengthen our financial position, including the following items:
 
In December 2017, we were includedExpanding our label with the EPA to further our product registration internationally;
Continued expansion of our internal sales force and manufacturer representatives in an effort to drive domestic revenue in all hospital-healthcare verticals;
Continued expansion of our internal sales force and manufacturer representatives in an effort to drive global revenue in the article “Reviewlife science verticals;
Expansion of Necessary Practicesinternational distributors; and
Continued growth of TSN, our new Forensic Restoration FRST sub-division and new growth in the food safety market which includes using SteraMist for EPA Submissionincreasing the storage time of a Hospital Disinfectant Using Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) Disinfectant Study Summaries of the SteraMist™ BIT™ Disinfection System”pre- and post-harvest produce. Increasing transportation shelf life by installing SteraMist in Applied Biosafety: Journal of ABSA International.semitrucks and ships that are transporting food.
 
We believe that our existing balance of cash and cash equivalents and amounts expected to be provided by operations will provide us with sufficient financial resources to meet our cash requirements for operations, working capital and capital expenditures over the next twelve months. We cannot make any assurances that management’s strategies will be effective or that any additional financing will be completed on a timely basis, on acceptable terms or at all. Our inability to successfully implement our strategies or to complete any other financing may mean that we would have to significantly reduce costs and/or delay projects, which would adversely affect our business, customers and program development, and would adversely impact us.
In February 2018,
Until such time, if ever, as we were featured in an articlecan generate substantial product revenue, we expect to finance our cash needs through a combination of equity or debt financings. Sufficient funds may not be available to us at all or on attractive terms when needed from these sources. To the extent that discusses how a hospital in Delaware is managing to controlwe raise additional capital through the spreadfuture sale of equity or debt, the flu virus. Delaware Online, partownership interests of the USA Today Network, shared news of record high flu cases in the stateour stockholders will be diluted, and the way in which St. Francis Healthcare, located in Wilmington, Delaware, is managing to addressterms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the need to control this highly infectious and aggressive flu strain through the userights of our existing common stockholders. We may require additional capital beyond our currently anticipated amounts.
Operating Activities
SteraMistCash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was approximately $649,000 and $683,000, respectively. Cash used in operating activities decreased approximately $34,000 compared to the prior year period.
Investing Activities
BITCash used in investing activities technology.for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was approximately $160,000 and $0, respectively. Cash used in investing activities increased $160,000 compared to the prior year period primarily due to software development costs.
Financing Activities
Cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 were $0.
 
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
 
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The estimation process requires assumptions to be made about future events and conditions, and as such, is inherently subjective and uncertain. Actual results could differ materially from our estimates.
 
The SEC defines critical accounting policies as those that are, in management’s view, most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and most demanding of our judgment. We consider the following policies to be critical to an understanding of our condensed consolidated financial statements and the uncertainties associated with the complex judgments made by us that could impact our results of operations, financial position and cash flows.
 

Revenue Recognition
 
We recognize revenue in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards CodificationBoard (“ASC”FASB”) 606, “Revenue Recognition,”Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09,Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), when there is persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists, title and risk of loss have passed, delivery has occurred, or the services have been rendered, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collection of the related receivable is reasonably assured.  Title and risk of loss generally pass to our customers upon shipment.
 
Disaggregation of Revenue
 
Product revenue includes sales from our standard and customized equipment, solution and accessories sold with our equipment. Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised products to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those products or services.
 
               Service and training revenue includesinclude sales from our high-level decontamination and service engagements, validation of our equipment and technology and customer training. Service revenue is recognized as the agreed upon services are rendered to our customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those services.
 
Costs to Obtain a Contract with a Customer
 
We apply a practical expedient to expense costs as incurred for costs to obtain a contract with a customer when the amortization period would have been one year or less. We generally expense sales commissions when incurred because the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs are recorded within sales and marketingselling expenses. These costs include our internal sales force compensation program and certain partner sales incentive programs as we have determined annual compensation is commensurate with annual sales activities.
 
Contract Balances
 
As of March 31, 20182019, and December 31, 20172018 we did not did not have any unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice for services performed.
 
Arrangements with Multiple Performance Obligations
 
Our contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations. We enter into contracts that can include various combinations of products and services, which are primarily distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations.
 

Significant Judgments
 
Our contracts with customers for products and services often dictate the terms and conditions of when hethe control of the promised products or services is transferred to the customer and the amount of consideration to be received in exchange for the products and services.

 
Fair Value Measurement
 
The authoritative guidance for fair value measurements defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or the most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Market participants are buyers and sellers in the principal market that are (i) independent, (ii) knowledgeable, (iii) able to transact, and (iv) willing to transact. The guidance describes a fair value hierarchy based on the levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure fair value, which are the following:
 
Level 1:
Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2:
Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or corroborated by observable market data or substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3:
Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the value of the assets or liabilities.
 
Our financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and convertible debt. All these items were determined to be Level 1 fair value measurements.
 
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable and accrued expenses approximated fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments. The recorded value of convertible debt approximates its fair value as the terms and rates approximate market rates.
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
For purposes of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand held at financial institutions and other liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. At times, these deposits may be in excess of insured limits.
 
Accounts Receivable 
 
Our accounts receivable are typically from credit worthy customers or, for certain international customers, are supported by pre-payments. For those customers to whom we extend credit, we perform periodic evaluations of them and maintain allowances for potential credit losses as deemed necessary. We have a policy of reserving for doubtful accounts based on our best estimate of the amount of potential credit losses in existing accounts receivable. We periodically review our accounts receivable to determine whether an allowance is necessary based on an analysis of past due accounts and other factors that may indicate that the realization of an account may be in doubt. Account balances deemed to be uncollectible are charged to the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote.
 
Inventories
 
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Inventories consist primarily of finished goods. At March 31, 2018
We expense costs to maintain certification to cost of goods sold as incurred.
We review inventory on an ongoing basis, considering factors such as deterioration and December 31, 2017, we did obsolescence. We record an allowance for estimated losses when the facts and circumstances indicate that particular inventories may not have a reserve for slow-moving or obsolete inventory.be usable.


 
Property and Equipment
 
We account for property and equipment at cost less accumulated depreciation. We compute depreciation using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally three to five years. Depreciation for equipment, furniture and fixtures and vehicles commences once placed in service for its intended use. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the lives of the respective leases or service lives of the improvements, whichever is shorter.
 

Leases
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02 (“ASC 842”), Leases, to require lessees to recognize all leases, with certain exceptions, on the balance sheet, while recognition on the statement of operations will remain similar to current lease accounting. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases, ASU No. 2018-11, Targeted Improvements, ASU No. 2018-20, Narrow-Scope Improvements for Lessors, and ASU 2019-01, Codification Improvements, to clarify and amend the guidance in ASU No. 2016-02. ASC 842 eliminates real estate-specific provisions and modifies certain aspects of lessor accounting. This standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. We adopted ASC 842 as of January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective basis with a cumulative effect adjustment as of that date. In addition, we elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which allowed us to carry forward the historical determination of contracts as leases, lease classification and not reassess initial direct costs for historical lease arrangements. Accordingly, previously reported financial statements, including footnote disclosures, have not been recast to reflect the application of the new standard to all comparative periods presented.
Operating lease assets are included within operating lease right-of-use assets, and the corresponding operating lease liabilities are recorded as current portion of long-term operating lease, and within other long-term liabilities as long-term operating lease, net of current portion on our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2019.
We have elected not to present short-term leases on the consolidated balance sheet as these leases have a lease term of 12 months or less at lease inception and do not contain purchase options or renewal terms that we are reasonably certain to exercise. All other lease assets and lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. Because most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate of return, we used our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at adoption date in determining the present value of lease payments
Capitalized Software Development Costs
In accordance with ASC 985-20 regarding the development of software to be sold, leased, or marketed, the Company expenses such costs as they are incurred until technological feasibility has been established, at and after which time those costs are capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers. The periodic expense for the amortization of capitalized software development costs will be included in costs of sales.
 
Accrued Warranties
 
Accrued warranties represent the estimated costs, if any, that will be incurred during the warranty period of our products. We make an estimate ofthe expected costs that willto be incurred by us during the warranty period and charge thatrecord the expense to the consolidated statement of operations at the date of sale. Our manufacturer assumes the warranty against product defects for one year from date of sales,sale, which we extend to our customers.customers upon sale of the product. We assume responsibility for product reliability and results.


 
Income Taxes
 
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between the financial statement reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The measurement of deferred income tax assets is reduced, if necessary, by a valuation allowance for any tax benefits whichthat are, on a more likely than not basis, not expected to be realized in accordance with ASCAccounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) guidance for income taxes. The effect on deferred income tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that such tax rate changes are enacted.
 
Loss Per Share
 
Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing ourthe Company’s net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period presented. Diluted loss per share is based on the treasury stock method and includes the effect from potential issuance of shares of common stock, such as shares issuable pursuant to the exercise of options and warrants and conversions of preferred stock or debentures.
 
Stock-BasedEquity Compensation Expense
 
We account for stock-basedequity compensation expense using the Black Scholes model in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”),FASB ASC 718, “Compensation—Stock Compensation.” Under the provisions of FASB ASC 718, stock-basedequity compensation expense cost is estimated at the grant date based on the award’s fair value and is recognized as expense over the requisite service period.value.
 
On July 7, 2017, our shareholders approved the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”). The 2016 Plan authorizes the grant of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and performance units/shares. Up to 5,000,000 shares of common stock are authorized for issuance under the 2016 Plan. Shares issued under the 2016 Plan may be either authorized but unissued shares, treasury shares, or any combination thereof. Provisions in the 2016 Plan permit the reuse or reissuance by the 2016 Plan of shares of common stock for numerous reasons, including, but not limited to, shares of common stock underlying canceled, expired, or forfeited awards of stock-based compensation and stock appreciation rights paid out in the form of cash. Stock-basedEquity compensation expense will typically be awarded in consideration for the future performance of services to us. All recipients of awards under the 2016 Plan are required to enter into award agreements with the Company at the time of the award; awards under the 2016 Plan are expressly conditioned upon such agreements. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company issued 200,000 shares of common stock out of the 2016 Plan. In addition, for the three months ended March 31, 2018, we issued 300,000 shares of common stock out of the 2016 Plan.
 
Concentrations of Credit Risk
 
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents. We maintain cash balances at financial institutions which exceed the current Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation limit of $250,000 at times during the year.
 
Long-Lived Assets Including Acquired Intangible Assets
 
We assess long-lived assets for potential impairments at the end of each year, or during the year if an event or other circumstance indicates that we may not be able to recover the carrying amount of the asset. In evaluating long-lived assets for impairment, we measure recoverability of these assets by comparing the carrying amounts to the future undiscounted cash flows the assets are expected to generate. If our long-lived assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized equals the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair market value. We base the calculations of the estimated fair value of our long-lived assets on the income approach. For the income approach, we use an internally developed discounted cash flow model that includes, among others, the following assumptions: projections of revenues and expenses and related cash flows based on assumed long-term growth rates and demand trends; expected future investments to grow new units; and estimated discount rates. We base these assumptions on our historical data and experience, industry projections, micro and macro general economic condition projections, and our expectations. We had no long-lived asset impairment charges for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017.
 

 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, to replace the existing revenue recognition criteria for contracts with customers. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, Deferral of the Effective Date, to defer the effective date of ASU No. 2014-09 to interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. We adopted ASU Nos. 2014-09 and 2015-14 on January 1, 2018 on a modified retrospective basis, which did not impact our beginning accumulated deficit and additional paid-in capital.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases, which requires lessees to recognize all leases, with certain exceptions, on the balance sheet, while recognition on the statement of operations will remain similar to current lease accounting. ASU 2016-02 also eliminates real estate-specific provisions and modifies certain aspects of lessor accounting. ASU 2016-02 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. We currently expect to adopt ASU 2016-02 on January 1, 2019. We will be required to recognize and measure leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented using a modified retrospective approach, with certain practical expedients available. We intend to elect the available practical expedients upon adoption. Upon adoption, we expect the consolidated balance sheet to include a right of use asset and liability related to substantially all of our lease arrangements. We are continuing to assess the impact of adopting ASU 2016-02 on our financial position, results of operations and related disclosures and have not yet concluded whether the effect on our consolidated financial statements will be material.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, to simplify the accounting for the income tax effects from share-based compensation, the accounting for forfeitures and the accounting for statutory income tax withholding, among others. In particular, ASU No. 2016-09 requires all income tax effects from share-based compensation to be recognized in the consolidated statement of operations when the awards vest or are settled, ASU No. 2016-09 permits accounting for forfeitures as they occur, and ASU No. 2016-09 permits a higher level of statutory income tax withholding without triggering liability accounting. Adoption of ASU No. 2016-09 is modified retrospective, retrospective and prospective, depending on the specific provision being adopted. We adopted ASU No. 2016-09 on January 1, 2017, which did not impact our beginning accumulated deficit and additional paid-in capital.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, to simplify the test for goodwill impairment byremoving Step 2. An entity will, therefore, perform the goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount,recognizing an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to thereporting unit. An entity still has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. ASU No. 2017-04 is effectivefor interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. Adoption of ASU No. 2017-04 is prospective. We have not yet selected an adoption date, and ASU No. 2017-04 will have a currently undetermined impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, Scope of Modification Accounting, to provide guidance on which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. ASU No. 2017-09 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. Adoption of ASU No. 2017-09 is prospective. We adopted ASU No. 2017-09 on January 1, 2018, which did not impact our consolidated financial statements upon adoption.
Financial Operations Overview
Our financial position as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was as follows:
 
 
March 31,
2018
(Unaudited)
 
 
December 31,
2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total shareholders’ equity
 $4,874,000 
 $5,394,000 
Cash and cash equivalents
 $3,867,000 
 $4,550,000 
Accounts receivable, net
 $2,230,000 
 $1,836,000 
Inventories
 $3,274,000 
 $3,519,000 
Deposits on merchandise
 $16,000 
 $- 
Current liabilities
 $940,000 
 $1,103,000 
Long-term liabilities
 $5,952,000 
 $5,944,000 
Working capital
 $8,724,000 
 $9,073,000 

During the three months ended March 31, 2018, our liquidity positions were affected by the following:
Net cash used in operations of approximately $683,000.
Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
 
 
Three Months
 
 
 
Ended March 31,
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
2018
 
 
2017
 
Revenues, Net
 $1,312,000 
 $1,099,000 
Gross Profit
 $821,000 
 $682,000 
Total Operating Expenses(1)
 $1,317,000 
 $1,294,000 
Loss from Operations
 $(496,000)
 $(612,000)
Total Other Income (Expense)
 $(67,000)
 $(14,000)
Net Loss
 $(563,000)
 $(626,000)
Basic Net Loss per Share
 $(0.00)
 $(0.01)
Diluted Net Loss per Share
 $(0.00)
 $(0.01)
(1)
Includes approximately $13,000 and $12,000 in non-cash equity compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Net Revenue
Sales
During the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, we had net revenue of approximately $1,312,000 and $1,099,000, respectively, representing an increase in revenue of $213,000 or 19%.
Product and Service Revenue
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
2018
 
 
2017
 
SteraMist Product
 $1,092,000 
 $821,000 
Service and Training
  220,000 
  278,000 
 Total
 $1,312,000 
 $1,099,000 
Revenue by Geographic Region
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
2018
 
 
2017
 
United States
 $945,000 
 $848,000 
International
  367,000 
  251,000 
 Total
 $1,312,000 
 $1,099,000 
Cost of Sales
During the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, our cost of sales was approximately $492,000 and $416,000, respectively, representing an increase of $76,000 or 18%. The primary reason for the increase in cost of sales is attributable to the increase in sales during the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the prior year period. Our gross profit margin as a percentage of sales for the three months ended March 31, 2018 was consistent with the same period in 2017.

Professional Fees
Professional fees for the three months ended March 31, 2018 were approximately $106,000, as compared to $272,000 during the prior year period, representing a decrease of approximately $166,000 or 61%. The decrease is attributable to professional fees incurred in the prior year period in connection with our increased efforts to protect and strengthen our intellectual property and our lawsuit with Astro Pak Corporation, which we settled in July 2017. Professional fees are comprised mainly of legal, accounting and financial consulting fees.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization was approximately $163,000 and $159,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, representing an increase of $4,000 or 3% in the current year period.
Selling Expenses
Selling expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2018 were approximately $204,000, as compared to $179,000 in the same period in 2017, representing an increase of $25,000 or 14%. The increase in selling expenses is attributable to higher marketing and advertising costs incurred in 2018 compared to the prior year period. Selling expenses represent selling salaries and wages, trade show fees, commissions, advertising and marketing expenses.
Research and Development
Research and development expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2018 were approximately $132,000, as compared to $31,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2017, representing an increase of $102,000 or 332%. The primary reason for the increase is attributable to current and ongoing studies and testing in connection with our product related to a more effective and quicker hospital terminal cleans. Research and development expenses mainly include costs incurred in generating and supporting research on improving, extending and applying our patents in the field of mechanical cleaning and decontamination.
Equity Compensation Expense
Equity compensation expense, which are non-cash charges, for the three months ended March 31, 2018 was approximately $13,000, as compared to $12,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2017, representing an increase of $1,000 or 8%.
Consulting Fees
Consulting fees for the three months ended March 31, 2018 were approximately $35,000, as compared to $31,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2017, representing an increase of approximately $4,000 or 13%.
General and Administrative Expense
General and administrative expense includes salaries and payroll taxes, rent, insurance expense, utilities, office expense and product registration costs. General and administrative expense was approximately $664,000 and $610,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, representing an increase of $54,000 or 9%. The primary reason for the increase is attributable to higher salaries and wages due to an increase in the number of our employees in the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the same period in 2017.
Other Income and Expense
Amortization of debt discount was approximately $8,000 and $100 during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Amortization of debt discount in the three months ended March 31, 2018 consisted of the amortization of debt discount on the $6,000,000 principal amount of unregistered senior callable convertible promissory notes (the “Notes��) issued in March and May 2017. The debt discount was amortized over the life of the Notes utilizing the effective interest method.
Interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 was approximately $1,200 and $0, respectively.
Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 was approximately $60,000 and $14,000, respectively. Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2018 consisted of the interest incurred on the $6,000,000 principal amount of Notes issued in March and May 2017.

Net Loss
Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 was approximately $563,000 and $626,000, respectively, representing a decrease of $63,000 or 10%. The primary reasons for the decrease in the net loss are attributable to:
Higher revenue and gross profit of approximately $213,000 and $138,000, respectively, offset by;
Increased operating expenses of approximately $23,000, and;
Increased Interest expense of approximately $46,000.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of March 31, 2018, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $3,867,000 and working capital of $8,724,000. Our principal capital requirements are to fund operations, invest in research and development and capital equipment, and the continued costs of public company filing requirements. We have historically funded our operations through debt and equity financings.
In September 2016, our common stock was uplisted to the OTCQX Best Market. We intend to apply to further uplist our common stock to a national securities exchange in the future. Due to the applicable qualitative and quantitative standards required to successfully list on a national securities exchange, we may need to raise additional capital in order to meet such benchmarks. If we fail to satisfy the applicable listing standards of a national securities exchange, we may be unable to successfully list our common stock on such an exchange.
In March and May 2017, we raised gross proceeds of $6,000,000 through a private placement of the Notes. We issued the Notes in tranches of $5,300,000 and $700,000, respectively, which originally were scheduled to mature on August 31, 2018 and November 8, 2018, respectively, unless earlier redeemed, repurchased or converted. The Notes are convertible at any time by the holder into common stock at a conversion price of $0.54 per share. We may redeem the Notes at any time prior to maturity at a price equal to 100% of the outstanding principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest as of the redemption date. Interest on the Notes is payable semi-annually in cash on February 28 and August 31 of each year at a rate of 4 percent per annum. In addition, we issued three-year warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 999,998 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.69 per share. Currently, we are using the proceeds from the private placement for research and development, international product registration, expansion of our internal sales force, marketing, public relations, expansions of our EPA label and for working capital and general corporate purposes. In February and March 2018, we and the holders of the Notes extended the maturity date of the $5,300,000 principal amount of Notes to April 1, 2019 and the $700,000 principal amount of Notes to June 8, 2019.
In May 2018, one of the noteholders with a principal balance of $700,000 agreed to convert its Note into shares of common stock at a reduced conversion price of $0.46 per share.
For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, we incurred losses from operations of approximately $496,000 and $612,000, respectively.  The cash used in operations was approximately $683,000 and $248,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. 
Our revenues can fluctuate due to the following factors, among others:
Ramp up and expansion of our internal sales force and manufacturers’ representatives;
Length of our sales cycle;
Expansion into new territories and markets; and
Timing of orders from distributors.
We could incur additional operating losses and an increase of costs related to the continuation of product and technology development and administrative activities.
Management has taken and will endeavor to continue to take a number of actions in order to improve our results of operations and the related cash flows generated from operations in order to strengthen our financial position, including the following items:
Expanding our label with the EPA to further our product registration internationally;
Continued expansion of our internal sales force and manufacturer representatives in an effort to drive domestic revenue in all hospital-healthcare verticals;
Continued expansion of our internal sales force and manufacturer representatives in an effort to drive global revenue in the life science verticals;

Expansion of international distributors; and
Continued growth of TSN and new growth in the food safety market including pre- and post-harvest.
We believe that our existing balance of cash and cash equivalents and amounts expected to be provided by operations will provide us with sufficient financial resources to meet our cash requirements for operations, working capital and capital expenditures over the next twelve months.  However, in the event of unforeseen circumstances, unfavorable market developments or unfavorable results from operations, there can be no assurance that the above actions will be successfully implemented, and our cash flows may be adversely affected.  While we have reduced the length of our sales cycle, it may still exceed 4–6 months and it is possible we may not be able to generate sufficient revenue in the next twelve months to cover our operating and compliance costs. We may also need to raise additional debt or equity financing to execute on the commercialization of our planned products. We cannot make any assurances that management’s strategies will be effective or that any additional financing will be completed on a timely basis, on acceptable terms or at all. Our inability to successfully implement our strategies or to complete any other financing may mean that we would have to significantly reduce costs and/or delay projects, which would adversely affect our business, customers and program development, and would adversely impact us.
Operating Activities
Cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 was approximately $683,000 and $248,000, respectively. Cash used in operating activities increased in 2018 approximately $435,000 as compared to the prior year period primarily due to an increase in our accounts receivable, a decrease in our accounts payable, offset by a decrease in our inventory.
Investing Activities
Cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 was approximately $0 and $4,800, respectively.
Financing Activities
Cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2018 was $0.
Cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2017 consisted of the $5,300,000 in aggregate gross proceeds received from the issuance of the Notes.
 
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
 
See Note 2 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1 above.
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
We do not have any transactions, agreements or other contractual arrangements that constitute off-balance sheet arrangements.
 
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
 
The Company isWe are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and isare not required to disclose the information required by this Item 3 pursuant to Item 305(e) of Regulation S-K.
 
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
Our management, with the participation of our CEOPrincipal Executive Officer and CFO, has evaluatedPrincipal Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. Based on such evaluation, our CEO and CFO have concluded that as of March 31, 2018, ourOur disclosure controls and procedures are designed at a reasonable assurance level and are effectiveintended to provide reasonable assuranceensure that the information we are required to disclose in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms of the SEC, and that such information is(ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEOthe Principal Executive Officer and CFO, as appropriate,Principal Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

disclosures.
 
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in management’s evaluation pursuant to Rules 13a-15(d) or 15d-15(d) under the Exchange Act during the period covered by this Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 
Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures
 
In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and that management is required to apply judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.
 


 
PART II: OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
 
From time to time, we may be involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of our operations in the normal course of business. We currently are not a party to any legal proceedings, the adverse outcome of which, in management’s opinion, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material proceedingsadverse effect on our results of operations, financial position or threatened proceedings ascash flows. Regardless of the dateoutcome, any litigation could have an adverse impact on us due to defense and settlement costs, diversion of this Form 10-Q.management resources and other factors.
 
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
 
While, as a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information required by this Item 1A, you should carefully review and consider the risk factors contained in our other reports and periodic filings with the SEC, including without limitation the risk factors contained under the caption “Item 1A—Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.2018. The risk factors discussed in that Form 10-K do not identify all risks that we face because our business operations could also be affected by additional factors that are not presently known to us or that we currently consider to be immaterial to our operations.
 
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
 
None.
 
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
 
None.
 
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
 
Not applicable.applicable
 
Item 5. Other Information.
 
None.
 
Item 6. Exhibits.
 
The documents listed in the Exhibit Index of this Form 10-Q are incorporated herein by reference.
 

 
SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 TOMI ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC. 
    
Date: May 15, 201814, 2019By:  
/s/ Halden S. Shane
 
  Halden S. Shane 
  
Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)
 

    
Date: May 15, 201814, 2019By:  
/s/ Nick Jennings
 
  Nick Jennings 
  
Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer and 
Principal Accounting Officer)
 
  

  
 

 
EXHIBIT INDEX
 
Exhibit   
Incorporated by Reference
 
Filed

Herewith
Exhibit Number Exhibit Description Form File No. Exhibit 
Filing 
Date
Filed Herewith
Employment Agreement, entered into as of January 5, 2018, by and between the Company and Elissa J. Shane, effective as of January 1, 2018.
8-K000-0990810.11/8/2018  
 
 
         
Certification of Halden S. Shane, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 
 
 
  X
       
Certification of Nick Jennings, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.




X
            X
 
Certification of Halden S. Shane, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.




X
            X
 
Certification of Nick Jennings, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 


X
101.INS
XBRL Instance Document.

           X
 
      
101.SCH101.INS
XBRL Taxonomy Extension SchemaInstance Document.

           X
 
 
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.              X
101.CAL
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.


     X
101.CAL
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
              X
101.DEF
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.


     X
101.DEF
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
              X
101.LAB
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document.


     X
101.LAB
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document.
              X
101.PRE
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

 
        X
 
+ Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan.
 
# This certification is deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (Securities Act), or the Exchange Act.Ac
 
 
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