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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
ýQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 20172018
¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from             to             
Commission File Number: 1-13087 (Boston Properties, Inc.)
Commission File Number: 0-50209 (Boston Properties Limited Partnership)
 
 BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
(Exact name of Registrants as specified in its charter)
 
Boston Properties, Inc.Delaware04-2473675
 (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
   
Boston Properties Limited PartnershipDelaware04-3372948
 (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
Prudential Center, 800 Boylston Street, Suite 1900, Boston, Massachusetts 02199-8103
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(617) 236-3300
(Registrants’ telephone number, including area code)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  
Boston Properties, Inc.:    Yes  x   No  ¨         Boston Properties Limited Partnership:    Yes  x    No  ¨    
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    
Boston Properties, Inc.:    Yes  x    No  ¨         Boston Properties Limited Partnership:    Yes  x    No  ¨    



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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Boston Properties, Inc.:    
Large accelerated filer  x         Accelerated filer  ¨         Non-accelerated filer  ¨
Smaller reporting company  ¨         Emerging growth company¨



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Boston Properties Limited Partnership:
Large accelerated filer  ¨         Accelerated filer  ¨         Non-accelerated filer  x
Smaller reporting company  ¨           Emerging growth company¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Boston Properties, Inc. ¨                 Boston Properties Limited Partnership ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    
Boston Properties, Inc.:    Yes  ¨    No  x        Boston Properties Limited Partnership:    Yes  ¨    No  x
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Boston Properties, Inc.Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share154,317,716154,419,806
(Registrant)(Class)(Outstanding on August 3, 2017)2, 2018)
 


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EXPLANATORY NOTE
This report combines the quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 20172018 of Boston Properties, Inc. and Boston Properties Limited Partnership. Unless stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, references to “BXP” mean Boston Properties, Inc., a Delaware corporation and real estate investment trust (“REIT”), and references to “BPLP” and the “Operating Partnership” mean Boston Properties Limited Partnership, a Delaware limited partnership. Unless stated otherwise or the context requires, references to the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” mean collectively BXP, BPLP and those entities/subsidiaries consolidated by BXP.
BPLP is the entity through which BXP conducts substantially all of its business and owns, either directly or through subsidiaries, substantially all of its assets. BXP is the sole general partner and also a limited partner of BPLP. As the sole general partner of BPLP, BXP has exclusive control of BPLP’s day-to-day management. Therefore, unless stated otherwise or the context requires, references to the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” mean collectively BXP, BPLP and those entities/subsidiaries consolidated by BXP.
As of June 30, 2017,2018, BXP owned an approximate 89.7% ownership interest in BPLP. The remaining approximate 10.3% interest is owned by limited partners. The other limited partners of BPLP are (1) persons who contributed their direct or indirect interests in properties to BPLP in exchange for common units or preferred units of limited partnership interest in BPLP and/or (2) recipients of long term incentive plan units of BPLP pursuant to BXP’s Stock Option and Incentive Plans. Under the limited partnership agreement of BPLP, unitholders may present their common units of BPLP for redemption at any time (subject to restrictions agreed upon at the time of issuance of the units that may restrict such right for a period of time, generally one year from issuance). Upon presentation of a common unit for redemption, BPLP must redeem the unit for cash equal to the then value of a share of BXP’s common stock. In lieu of a cash redemption by BPLP, however, BXP may elect to acquire any common units so tendered by issuing shares of BXP common stock in exchange for the common units. If BXP so elects, its common stock will be exchanged for common units on a one-for-one basis. This one-for-one exchange ratio is subject to specified adjustments to prevent dilution. BXP generally expects that it will elect to issue its common stock in connection with each such presentation for redemption rather than having BPLP pay cash. With each such exchange or redemption, BXP’s percentage ownership in BPLP will increase. In addition, whenever BXP issues shares of its common stock other than to acquire common units of BPLP, BXP must contribute any net proceeds it receives to BPLP and BPLP must issue to BXP an equivalent number of common units of BPLP. This structure is commonly referred to as an umbrella partnership REIT, or UPREIT.
The Company believes that combining the quarterly reports on Form 10-Q of BXP and BPLP into this single report provides the following benefits:
enhances investors’ understanding of BXP and BPLP by enabling investors to view the business as a whole in the same manner as management views and operates the business;
eliminates duplicative disclosure and provides a more concise and readable presentation because a substantial portion of the disclosure applies to both BXP and BPLP; and
creates time and cost efficiencies through the preparation of one combined report instead of two separate reports.
The Company believes it is important to understand the few differences between BXP and BPLP in the context of how BXP and BPLP operate as a consolidated company. The financial results of BPLP are consolidated into the financial statements of BXP. BXP does not have any other significant assets, liabilities or operations, other than its investment in BPLP, nor does it have employees of its own. BPLP, not BXP, generally executes all significant business relationships other than transactions involving the securities of BXP. BPLP holds substantially all of the assets of BXP, including ownership interests in joint ventures. BPLP conducts the operations of the business and is structured as a partnership with no publicly traded equity. Except for the net proceeds from equity offerings by BXP, which are contributed to the capital of BPLP in exchange for common or preferred units of partnership in BPLP, as applicable, BPLP generates all remaining capital required by the Company’s business. These sources include working capital, net cash provided by operating activities, borrowings under its credit facilities, the issuance of secured and unsecured debt and equity securities and proceeds received from the disposition of certain properties and interests in joint ventures.
Shareholders’ equity, partners’ capital and noncontrolling interests are the main areas of difference between the consolidated financial statements of BXP and BPLP. The limited partners of BPLP are accounted for as partners’ capital in BPLP’s financial statements and as noncontrolling interests in BXP’s financial statements. The noncontrolling interests in BPLP’s financial statements include the interests of unaffiliated partners in various consolidated partnerships. The noncontrolling interests in BXP’s financial statements include the same


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noncontrolling interests at BPLP’s level and limited partners of BPLP. The differences between shareholders’ equity and partners’ capital result from differences in the equity issued at BXP and BPLP levels.


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In addition, the consolidated financial statements of BXP and BPLP differ in total real estate assets resulting from previously applied acquisition accounting by BXP for the issuance of common stock in connection with non-sponsor redemptions of common units of BPLP. This accounting resulted in a step-up of the real estate assets at BXP. This resulted in a difference between the net real estate of BXP as compared to BPLP of approximately $322.7$311.9 million, or 2.0%1.9% at June 30, 20172018 and a corresponding difference in depreciation expense and gains on sales of real estate upon the sale of certain properties having an allocation of the real estate step-up. The acquisition accounting was nullified on a prospective basis beginning in 2009 as a result of the Company’s adoption of a new accounting standard requiring any future redemptions to be accounted for solely as an equity transaction.
To help investors better understand the key differences between BXP and BPLP, certain information for BXP and BPLP in this report has been separated, as set forth below:
Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited), which includes the following specific disclosures for BXP and BPLP:
Note 3.3. Real Estate;
Note 6. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities;
Note 8.7. Noncontrolling Interests;
Note 9.8. Stockholders’ Equity / Partners’ Capital; and
Note 10.9. Earnings Per Share / Common Unit; and
Note 11. Segment Information
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations includes information specific to each entity, where applicable; and
Item 2. Liquidity and Capital Resources includes separate reconciliations of amounts to each entity’s financial statements, where applicable.
This report also includes separate Part I - Item 4. Controls and Procedures and Part II - Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds sections for each of BXP and BPLP, as well as separate Exhibits 12, 31 and 32 calculation of ratios of earnings to fixed charges and certifications for each of BXP and BPLP.



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BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC. AND BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
FORM 10-Q
for the quarter ended June 30, 20172018
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
   
  Page
  
 
ITEM 1.
   
Boston Properties, Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 
   
Boston Properties Limited Partnership 
 
 
 
 
 
   
Boston Properties, Inc. and Boston Properties Limited Partnership 
 
 


 
ITEM 2.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 4.
  
 
ITEM 1.
ITEM 1A.
ITEM 2.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 4.
ITEM 5.
ITEM 6.
  


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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1—Financial Statements.



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BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
June 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
(in thousands, except for share and par value amounts) (in thousands, except for share and par value amounts)
ASSETS       
Real estate, at cost (amounts related to variable interest entities (“VIEs”) of $7,000,820 and $6,760,078 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)$20,614,366
 $20,147,263
Less: accumulated depreciation (amounts related to VIEs of $(799,299) and $(758,640) at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)(4,379,446) (4,222,235)
Real estate, at cost (amounts related to variable interest entities (“VIEs”) of $7,358,363 and $7,172,718 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) $21,526,520
 $21,096,642
Less: accumulated depreciation (amounts related to VIEs of $(910,381) and $(854,172) at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) (4,745,590) (4,589,634)
Total real estate16,234,920
 15,925,028
 16,780,930
 16,507,008
Cash and cash equivalents (amounts related to VIEs of $322,574 and $253,999 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)492,435
 356,914
Cash held in escrows (amounts related to VIEs of $4,360 and $4,955 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)47,345
 63,174
Cash and cash equivalents (amounts related to VIEs of $277,252 and $304,955 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 472,555
 434,767
Cash held in escrows (amounts related to VIEs of $6,099 and $6,135 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 254,505
 70,602
Investments in securities26,781
 23,814
 30,063
 29,161
Tenant and other receivables (amounts related to VIEs of $17,950 and $23,525 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)88,687
 92,548
Accrued rental income (amounts related to VIEs of $227,199 and $224,185 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)820,022
 799,138
Deferred charges, net (amounts related to VIEs of $267,240 and $290,436 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)658,219
 686,163
Prepaid expenses and other assets (amounts related to VIEs of $41,819 and $42,718 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)93,985
 129,666
Tenant and other receivables (amounts related to VIEs of $17,130 and $27,057 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 63,660
 92,186
Accrued rental income (amounts related to VIEs of $268,120 and $242,589 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 912,652
 861,575
Deferred charges, net (amounts related to VIEs of $264,973 and $281,678 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 678,319
 679,038
Prepaid expenses and other assets (amounts related to VIEs of $34,853 and $33,666 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 85,972
 77,971
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures819,368
 775,198
 682,507
 619,925
Total assets$19,281,762
 $18,851,643
 $19,961,163
 $19,372,233
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY       
Liabilities:       
Mortgage notes payable, net (amounts related to VIEs of $2,943,890 and $2,018,483 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)$2,986,283
 $2,063,087
Mortgage notes payable, net (amounts related to VIEs of $2,934,336 and $2,939,183 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) $2,972,052
 $2,979,281
Unsecured senior notes, net7,250,356
 7,245,953
 7,251,578
 7,247,330
Unsecured line of credit
 
 
 45,000
Unsecured term loan
 
Mezzanine notes payable (amounts related to VIEs of $0 and $307,093 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)
 307,093
Outside members’ notes payable (amounts related to VIEs of $0 and $180,000 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)
 180,000
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (amounts related to VIEs of $116,413 and $110,457 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)303,559
 298,524
Unsecured term loan, net 498,248
 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (amounts related to VIEs of $80,098 and $106,683 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 327,067
 331,500
Dividends and distributions payable130,432
 130,308
 139,263
 139,040
Accrued interest payable (amounts related to VIEs of $6,706 and $162,226 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)85,172
 243,933
Other liabilities (amounts related to VIEs of $159,529 and $175,146 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)452,608
 450,821
Accrued interest payable (amounts related to VIEs of $6,669 and $6,907 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 96,844
 83,646
Other liabilities (amounts related to VIEs of $183,114 and $164,806 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 462,869
 443,980
Total liabilities11,208,410
 10,919,719
 11,747,921
 11,269,777
Commitments and contingencies
 
 
 
Equity:       
Stockholders’ equity attributable to Boston Properties, Inc.:       
Excess stock, $0.01 par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized, none issued or outstanding
 
 
 
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized;       
5.25% Series B cumulative redeemable preferred stock, $0.01 par value, liquidation preference $2,500 per share, 92,000 shares authorized, 80,000 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016200,000
 200,000
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized, 154,386,429 and 153,869,075 issued and 154,307,529 and 153,790,175 outstanding at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively1,543
 1,538
5.25% Series B cumulative redeemable preferred stock, $0.01 par value, liquidation preference $2,500 per share, 92,000 shares authorized, 80,000 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 200,000
 200,000
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized, 154,490,429 and 154,404,186 issued and 154,411,529 and 154,325,286 outstanding at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively 1,544
 1,543
Additional paid-in capital6,363,034
 6,333,424
 6,391,460
 6,377,908
Dividends in excess of earnings(694,320) (693,694) (649,747) (712,343)
Treasury common stock at cost, 78,900 shares at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016(2,722) (2,722)
Treasury common stock at cost, 78,900 shares at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 (2,722) (2,722)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(53,161) (52,251) (47,695) (50,429)
Total stockholders’ equity attributable to Boston Properties, Inc.5,814,374
 5,786,295
 5,892,840
 5,813,957
Noncontrolling interests:       
Common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership604,997
 614,982
 621,221
 604,739
Property partnerships1,653,981
 1,530,647
 1,699,181
 1,683,760
Total equity8,073,352
 7,931,924
 8,213,242
 8,102,456
Total liabilities and equity$19,281,762
 $18,851,643
 $19,961,163
 $19,372,233
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended
June 30,
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
(in thousands, except for per share amounts)(in thousands, except for per share amounts)
Revenue              
Rental              
Base rent$520,542
 $493,386
 $1,024,104
 $1,029,514
$516,439
 $520,542
 $1,035,946
 $1,024,104
Recoveries from tenants89,163
 85,706
 178,327
 175,292
95,259
 89,163
 190,377
 178,327
Parking and other26,462
 26,113
 52,072
 50,938
26,904
 26,462
 53,038
 52,072
Total rental revenue636,167
 605,205
 1,254,503
 1,255,744
638,602
 636,167
 1,279,361
 1,254,503
Hotel revenue13,375
 12,808
 20,795
 21,565
14,607
 13,375
 23,709
 20,795
Development and management services7,365
 5,533
 13,837
 12,222
9,305
 7,365
 17,710
 13,837
Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts1,970
 
 4,855
 
Total revenue656,907
 623,546
 1,289,135
 1,289,531
664,484
 656,907
 1,325,635
 1,289,135
Expenses              
Operating              
Rental230,454
 217,938
 458,741
 437,110
237,790
 230,454
 478,119
 458,741
Hotel8,404
 7,978
 15,495
 15,612
8,741
 8,404
 16,814
 15,495
General and administrative27,141
 25,418
 58,527
 54,771
28,468
 27,141
 64,362
 58,527
Payroll and related costs from management services contracts1,970
 
 4,855
 
Transaction costs299
 913
 333
 938
474
 299
 495
 333
Depreciation and amortization151,919
 153,175
 311,124
 312,623
156,417
 151,919
 322,214
 311,124
Total expenses418,217
 405,422
 844,220
 821,054
433,860
 418,217
 886,859
 844,220
Operating income238,690
 218,124
 444,915
 468,477
230,624
 238,690
 438,776
 444,915
Other income (expense)              
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures3,108
 2,234
 6,192
 4,025
769
 3,108
 1,230
 6,192
Interest and other income1,504
 1,524
 2,118
 3,029
2,579
 1,504
 4,227
 2,118
Gains from investments in securities730
 478
 1,772
 737
505
 730
 379
 1,772
Gains from early extinguishments of debt14,354
 
 14,354
 

 14,354
 
 14,354
Interest expense(95,143) (105,003) (190,677) (210,312)(92,204) (95,143) (182,424) (190,677)
Income before gains on sales of real estate163,243
 117,357
 278,674
 265,956
142,273
 163,243
 262,188
 278,674
Gains on sales of real estate3,767
 
 3,900
 67,623
18,292
 3,767
 114,689
 3,900
Net income167,010
 117,357
 282,574
 333,579
160,565
 167,010
 376,877
 282,574
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests              
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships(15,203) (6,814) (19,627) (17,278)(14,400) (15,203) (31,634) (19,627)
Noncontrolling interest—common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership(15,473) (11,357) (26,933) (32,771)(14,859) (15,473) (35,311) (26,933)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc.136,334
 99,186
 236,014
 283,530
131,306
 136,334
 309,932
 236,014
Preferred dividends(2,625) (2,589) (5,250) (5,207)(2,625) (2,625) (5,250) (5,250)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$133,709
 $96,597
 $230,764
 $278,323
$128,681
 $133,709
 $304,682
 $230,764
Basic earnings per common share attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders:              
Net income$0.87
 $0.63
 $1.50
 $1.81
$0.83
 $0.87
 $1.97
 $1.50
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding154,177
 153,662
 154,019
 153,644
154,415
 154,177
 154,400
 154,019
Diluted earnings per common share attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders:              
Net income$0.87
 $0.63
 $1.50
 $1.81
$0.83
 $0.87
 $1.97
 $1.50
Weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding154,331
 153,860
 154,273
 153,889
154,571
 154,331
 154,638
 154,273
              
Dividends per common share$0.75
 $0.65
 $1.50
 $1.30
$0.80
 $0.75
 $1.60
 $1.50

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
 
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Net income$167,010
 $117,357
 $282,574
 $333,579
$160,565
 $167,010
 $376,877
 $282,574
Other comprehensive loss:       
Other comprehensive income (loss):       
Effective portion of interest rate contracts(6,313) (32,351) (6,133) (90,997)
 (6,313) 
 (6,133)
Amortization of interest rate contracts (1)1,397
 628
 2,703
 1,255
1,666
 1,397
 3,332
 2,703
Other comprehensive loss(4,916) (31,723) (3,430) (89,742)
Other comprehensive income (loss)1,666
 (4,916) 3,332
 (3,430)
Comprehensive income162,094
 85,634
 279,144
 243,837
162,231
 162,094
 380,209
 279,144
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests(30,676) (18,171) (46,560) (50,049)(29,259) (30,676) (66,945) (46,560)
Other comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests2,738
 8,681
 2,520
 24,108
Other comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(299) 2,738
 (598) 2,520
Comprehensive income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc.$134,156
 $76,144
 $235,104
 $217,896
$132,673
 $134,156
 $312,666
 $235,104
_______________
(1) Amounts reclassified from comprehensive income primarily to interest expense within the Boston Properties, Inc.’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.
































The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Unaudited and in thousands)
Common Stock Preferred Stock 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Dividends in
Excess of
Earnings
 
Treasury
Stock,
at cost
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Loss
 
Noncontrolling
Interests
 TotalCommon Stock Preferred Stock 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Dividends in
Excess of
Earnings
 
Treasury
Stock,
at cost
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Loss
 
Noncontrolling
Interests
 Total
Shares Amount 
Equity, December 31, 2017154,325
 $1,543
 $200,000
 $6,377,908
 $(712,343) $(2,722) $(50,429) $2,288,499
 $8,102,456
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle
 
 
 
 4,933
 
 
 563
 5,496
Redemption of operating partnership units to common stock35
 1
 
 1,195
 
 
 
 (1,196) 
Allocated net income for the year
 
 
 
 309,932
 
 
 66,945
 376,877
Dividends/distributions declared
 
 
 
 (252,269) 
 
 (28,708) (280,977)
Shares issued pursuant to stock purchase plan3
 
 
 429
 
 
 
 
 429
Net activity from stock option and incentive plan49
 
 
 600
 
 
 
 21,530
 22,130
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 
 
 27,532
 27,532
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (44,033) (44,033)
Amortization of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 2,734
 598
 3,332
Reallocation of noncontrolling interest
 
 
 11,328
 
 
 
 (11,328) 
Equity, June 30, 2018154,412
 $1,544
 $200,000
 $6,391,460
 $(649,747) $(2,722) $(47,695) $2,320,402
 $8,213,242
Shares Amount Preferred Stock 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Dividends in
Excess of
Earnings
 
Treasury
Stock,
at cost
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Loss
 
Noncontrolling
Interests
 Total                 
Equity, December 31, 2016153,790
 $1,538
 153,790
 $1,538
 $200,000
 $6,333,424
 $(693,694) $(2,722) $(52,251) $2,145,629
 $7,931,924
Redemption of operating partnership units to common stock481
 5
 
 16,417
 
 
 
 (16,422) 
481
 5
 
 16,417
 
 
 
 (16,422) 
Allocated net income for the year
 
 
 
 236,014
 
 
 46,560
 282,574

 
 
 
 236,014
 
 
 46,560
 282,574
Dividends/distributions declared
 
 
 
 (236,368) 
 
 (26,977) (263,345)
 
 
 
 (236,368) 
 
 (26,977) (263,345)
Shares issued pursuant to stock purchase plan3
 
 
 373
 
 
 
 
 373
3
 
 
 373
 
 
 
 
 373
Net activity from stock option and incentive plan34
 
 
 1,980
 
 
 
 19,188
 21,168
34
 
 
 1,980
 
 
 
 19,188
 21,168
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle
 
 
 
 (272) 
 
 (1,763) (2,035)
 
 
 
 (272) 
 
 (1,763) (2,035)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 
 
 133,072
 133,072

 
 
 
 
 
 
 133,072
 133,072
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (26,949) (26,949)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (26,949) (26,949)
Effective portion of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 (3,301) (2,832) (6,133)
 
 
 
 
 
 (3,301) (2,832) (6,133)
Amortization of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 2,391
 312
 2,703

 
 
 
 
 
 2,391
 312
 2,703
Reallocation of noncontrolling interest
 
 
 10,840
 
 
 
 (10,840) 

 
 
 10,840
 
 
 
 (10,840) 
Equity, June 30, 2017154,308
 $1,543
 $200,000
 $6,363,034
 $(694,320) $(2,722) $(53,161) $2,258,978
 $8,073,352
154,308
 $1,543
 $200,000
 $6,363,034
 $(694,320) $(2,722) $(53,161) $2,258,978
 $8,073,352
                 
Equity, December 31, 2015153,580
 $1,536
 $200,000
 $6,305,687
 $(780,952) $(2,722) $(14,114) $2,177,492
 $7,886,927
Redemption of operating partnership units to common stock78
 1
 
 2,663
 
 
 
 (2,664) 
Allocated net income for the year
 
 
 
 283,530
 
 
 50,049
 333,579
Dividends/distributions declared
 
 
 
 (204,939) 
 
 (23,713) (228,652)
Shares issued pursuant to stock purchase plan3
 
 
 332
 
 
 
 
 332
Net activity from stock option and incentive plan14
 
 
 1,772
 
 
 
 14,877
 16,649
Sale of interests in property partnerships
 
 
 1,320
 
 
 
 (1,320) 
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5,040
 5,040
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (25,914) (25,914)
Effective portion of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 (66,759) (24,238) (90,997)
Amortization of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 1,125
 130
 1,255
Reallocation of noncontrolling interest
 
 
 4,417
 
 
 
 (4,417) 
Equity, June 30, 2016153,675
 $1,537
 $200,000
 $6,316,191
 $(702,361) $(2,722) $(79,748) $2,165,322
 $7,898,219






The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

5


Table of ContentsContent

BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
                         
For the six months ended June 30,For the six months ended June 30,
2017 20162018 2017
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income$282,574
 $333,579
$376,877
 $282,574
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization311,124
 312,623
322,214
 311,124
Non-cash compensation expense19,237
 17,647
23,243
 19,237
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures(6,192) (4,025)(1,230) (6,192)
Distributions of net cash flow from operations of unconsolidated joint ventures2,905
 11,399
1,663
 2,905
Gains from investments in securities(1,772) (737)(379) (1,772)
Gains from early extinguishments of debt(14,444) 

 (14,354)
Non-cash portion of interest expense(11,979) (19,330)10,607
 (11,979)
Gains on sales of real estate(3,900) (67,623)(114,689) (3,900)
Change in assets and liabilities:      
Cash held in escrows7,531
 632
Tenant and other receivables, net2,033
 13,963
33,012
 2,033
Accrued rental income, net(19,348) (5,294)(45,759) (19,348)
Prepaid expenses and other assets36,223
 62,752
(4,641) 36,223
Accounts payable and accrued expenses(2,608) 9,236
(9,899) (2,608)
Accrued interest payable(158,761) 31,789
12,999
 (158,761)
Other liabilities(33,093) (71,805)11,571
 (33,121)
Tenant leasing costs(37,252) (40,655)(54,743) (37,252)
Total adjustments89,704
 250,572
183,969
 82,235
Net cash provided by operating activities372,278
 584,151
560,846
 364,809
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Acquisitions of real estate(15,953) (78,000)
Acquisition of real estate
 (15,953)
Construction in progress(297,747) (242,944)(380,565) (297,747)
Building and other capital improvements(100,808) (48,306)(96,730) (100,808)
Tenant improvements(107,533) (116,935)(83,982) (107,533)
Proceeds from sales of real estate17,049
 104,816
141,249
 17,049
Proceeds from sales of real estate placed in escrow(16,640) (104,696)
Proceeds from sales of real estate released from escrow15,844
 104,696
Cash released from escrow for investing activities9,004
 6,694
Cash released from escrow for land sale contracts
 781
Deposit on real estate
 (25,000)
Capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures(41,491) (26,040)(65,250) (41,491)
Investments in securities, net(1,195) (658)(523) (1,195)
Net cash used in investing activities(539,470) (425,592)(485,801) (547,678)
      
      
      

6


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BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
 For the six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016
 (in thousands)
Cash flows from financing activities:   
Proceeds from mortgage notes payable2,300,000
 
Repayments of mortgage notes payable(1,308,708) (222,535)
Proceeds from unsecured senior notes
 997,080
Borrowings on unsecured line of credit430,000
 
Repayments of unsecured line of credit(430,000) 
Repayments of mezzanine notes payable(306,000) 
Repayments of outside members’ notes payable(70,424) 
Payments on capital lease obligations(486) 
Payments on real estate financing transactions(1,013) (4,290)
Deposit on mortgage note payable interest rate lock(23,200) 
Return of deposit on mortgage note payable interest rate lock23,200
 
Deferred financing costs(43,635) (8,047)
Net proceeds from equity transactions(181) (666)
Dividends and distributions(263,221) (442,901)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships23,496
 5,040
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships(27,115) (25,914)
Net cash provided by financing activities302,713
 297,767
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents135,521
 456,326
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period356,914
 723,718
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$492,435
 $1,180,044
Supplemental disclosures:   
Cash paid for interest$388,045
 $217,021
Interest capitalized$26,628
 $19,168
Non-cash investing and financing activities:   
Write-off of fully depreciated real estate$(86,135) $(52,708)
Additions to real estate included in accounts payable and accrued expenses$22,994
 $(14,471)
Real estate acquired through capital lease$28,962
 $
Outside members’ notes payable contributed to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships$109,576
 $
Dividends and distributions declared but not paid$130,432
 $113,071
Conversions of noncontrolling interests to stockholders’ equity$16,422
 $2,664
Issuance of restricted securities to employees$35,945
 $33,711



BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
 For the six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017
 (in thousands)
Cash flows from financing activities:   
Proceeds from mortgage notes payable
 2,300,000
Repayments of mortgage notes payable(9,192) (1,308,708)
Borrowings on unsecured line of credit345,000
 430,000
Repayments of unsecured line of credit(390,000) (430,000)
Proceeds from unsecured term loan500,000
 
Repayments of mezzanine notes payable
 (306,000)
Repayments of outside members’ notes payable
 (70,424)
Payments on capital lease obligations
 (548)
Payments on real estate financing transactions(960) (1,013)
Deposit on mortgage note payable interest rate lock
 (23,200)
Return of deposit on mortgage note payable interest rate lock
 23,200
Deferred financing costs(263) (43,635)
Debt prepayment and extinguishment costs
 (90)
Net proceeds from equity transactions(684) (181)
Dividends and distributions(280,754) (263,221)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships27,532
 23,496
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships(44,033) (27,115)
Net cash provided by financing activities146,646
 302,561
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows221,691
 119,692
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, beginning of period505,369
 420,088
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, end of period$727,060
 $539,780
    
Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows:   
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period$434,767
 $356,914
Cash held in escrows, beginning of period70,602
 63,174
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, beginning of period$505,369
 $420,088
    
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$472,555
 $492,435
Cash held in escrows, end of period254,505
 47,345
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, end of period$727,060
 $539,780
    
Supplemental disclosures:   
Cash paid for interest$192,898
 $388,045
Interest capitalized$34,999
 $26,628
Non-cash investing and financing activities:   
Write-off of fully depreciated real estate$(78,900) $(86,135)
Additions to real estate included in accounts payable and accrued expenses$326
 $22,994
Real estate acquired through capital lease$
 $28,962
Outside members’ notes payable contributed to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships$
 $109,576
Dividends and distributions declared but not paid$139,263
 $130,432
Conversions of noncontrolling interests to stockholders’ equity$1,196
 $16,422
Issuance of restricted securities to employees$37,342
 $35,945
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

7


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BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
June 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
(in thousands, except for unit amounts) (in thousands, except for unit amounts)
ASSETS       
Real estate, at cost (amounts related to variable interest entities (“VIEs”) of $7,000,820 and $6,760,078 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)$20,202,321
 $19,733,872
Less: accumulated depreciation (amounts related to VIEs of $(799,299) and $(758,640) at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)(4,290,112) (4,136,364)
Real estate, at cost (amounts related to variable interest entities (“VIEs”) of $7,358,363 and $7,172,718 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) $21,118,909
 $20,685,164
Less: accumulated depreciation (amounts related to VIEs of $(910,381) and $(854,172) at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) (4,649,907) (4,496,959)
Total real estate15,912,209
 15,597,508
 16,469,002
 16,188,205
Cash and cash equivalents (amounts related to VIEs of $322,574 and $253,999 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)492,435
 356,914
Cash held in escrows (amounts related to VIEs of $4,360 and $4,955 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)47,345
 63,174
Cash and cash equivalents (amounts related to VIEs of $277,252 and $304,955 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 472,555
 434,767
Cash held in escrows (amounts related to VIEs of $6,099 and $6,135 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 254,505
 70,602
Investments in securities26,781
 23,814
 30,063
 29,161
Tenant and other receivables (amounts related to VIEs of $17,950 and $23,525 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)88,687
 92,548
Accrued rental income (amounts related to VIEs of $227,199 and $224,185 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)820,022
 799,138
Deferred charges, net (amounts related to VIEs of $267,240 and $290,436 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)658,219
 686,163
Prepaid expenses and other assets (amounts related to VIEs of $41,819 and $42,718 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)93,985
 129,666
Tenant and other receivables (amounts related to VIEs of $17,130 and $27,057 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 63,660
 92,186
Accrued rental income (amounts related to VIEs of $268,120 and $242,589 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 912,652
 861,575
Deferred charges, net (amounts related to VIEs of $264,973 and $281,678 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 678,319
 679,038
Prepaid expenses and other assets (amounts related to VIEs of $34,853 and $33,666 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 85,972
 77,971
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures819,368
 775,198
 682,507
 619,925
Total assets$18,959,051
 $18,524,123
 $19,649,235
 $19,053,430
LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL       
Liabilities:       
Mortgage notes payable, net (amounts related to VIEs of $2,943,890 and $2,018,483 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)$2,986,283
 $2,063,087
Mortgage notes payable, net (amounts related to VIEs of $2,934,336 and $2,939,183 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) $2,972,052
 $2,979,281
Unsecured senior notes, net7,250,356
 7,245,953
 7,251,578
 7,247,330
Unsecured line of credit
 
 
 45,000
Unsecured term loan
 
 498,248
 
Mezzanine notes payable (amounts related to VIEs of $0 and $307,093 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)
 307,093
Outside members’ notes payable (amounts related to VIEs of $0 and $180,000 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)
 180,000
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (amounts related to VIEs of $116,413 and $110,457 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)303,559
 298,524
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (amounts related to VIEs of $80,098 and $106,683 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 327,067
 331,500
Distributions payable130,432
 130,308
 139,263
 139,040
Accrued interest payable (amounts related to VIEs of $6,706 and $162,226 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)85,172
 243,933
Other liabilities (amounts related to VIEs of $159,529 and $175,146 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)452,608
 450,821
Accrued interest payable (amounts related to VIEs of $6,669 and $6,907 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 96,844
 83,646
Other liabilities (amounts related to VIEs of $183,114 and $164,806 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively) 462,869
 443,980
Total liabilities11,208,410
 10,919,719
 11,747,921
 11,269,777
Commitments and contingencies
 
 
 
Noncontrolling interests:       
Redeemable partnership units—16,823,685 and 17,079,511 common units and 816,982 and 904,588 long term incentive units outstanding at redemption value at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively2,170,155
 2,262,040
Redeemable partnership units—16,831,182 and 16,810,378 common units and 992,387 and 818,343 long term incentive units outstanding at redemption value at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively 2,235,432
 2,292,263
Capital:       
5.25% Series B cumulative redeemable preferred units, liquidation preference $2,500 per unit, 80,000 units issued and outstanding at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016193,623
 193,623
Boston Properties Limited Partnership partners’ capital—1,719,482 and 1,717,743 general partner units and 152,588,047 and 152,072,432 limited partner units outstanding at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively3,732,882
 3,618,094
5.25% Series B cumulative redeemable preferred units, liquidation preference $2,500 per unit, 80,000 units issued and outstanding at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 193,623
 193,623
Boston Properties Limited Partnership partners’ capital—1,722,351 and 1,719,540 general partner units and 152,689,178 and 152,605,746 limited partner units outstanding at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively 3,773,078
 3,614,007
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships1,653,981
 1,530,647
 1,699,181
 1,683,760
Total capital5,580,486
 5,342,364
 5,665,882
 5,491,390
Total liabilities and capital$18,959,051
 $18,524,123
 $19,649,235
 $19,053,430

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

8


Table of ContentsContent

BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited) 
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended
June 30,
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
(in thousands, except for per unit amounts)(in thousands, except for per unit amounts)
Revenue              
Rental              
Base rent$520,542
 $493,386
 $1,024,104
 $1,029,514
$516,439
 $520,542
 $1,035,946
 $1,024,104
Recoveries from tenants89,163
 85,706
 178,327
 175,292
95,259
 89,163
 190,377
 178,327
Parking and other26,462
 26,113
 52,072
 50,938
26,904
 26,462
 53,038
 52,072
Total rental revenue636,167
 605,205
 1,254,503
 1,255,744
638,602
 636,167
 1,279,361
 1,254,503
Hotel revenue13,375
 12,808
 20,795
 21,565
14,607
 13,375
 23,709
 20,795
Development and management services7,365
 5,533
 13,837
 12,222
9,305
 7,365
 17,710
 13,837
Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts1,970
 
 4,855
 
Total revenue656,907
 623,546
 1,289,135
 1,289,531
664,484
 656,907
 1,325,635
 1,289,135
Expenses              
Operating              
Rental230,454
 217,938
 458,741
 437,110
237,790
 230,454
 478,119
 458,741
Hotel8,404
 7,978
 15,495
 15,612
8,741
 8,404
 16,814
 15,495
General and administrative27,141
 25,418
 58,527
 54,771
28,468
 27,141
 64,362
 58,527
Payroll and related costs from management services contracts1,970
 
 4,855
 
Transaction costs299
 913
 333
 938
474
 299
 495
 333
Depreciation and amortization149,834
 151,191
 306,892
 308,652
154,474
 149,834
 318,327
 306,892
Total expenses416,132
 403,438
 839,988
 817,083
431,917
 416,132
 882,972
 839,988
Operating income240,775
 220,108
 449,147
 472,448
232,567
 240,775
 442,663
 449,147
Other income (expense)              
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures3,108
 2,234
 6,192
 4,025
769
 3,108
 1,230
 6,192
Interest and other income1,504
 1,524
 2,118
 3,029
2,579
 1,504
 4,227
 2,118
Gains from investments in securities730
 478
 1,772
 737
505
 730
 379
 1,772
Gains from early extinguishments of debt14,354
 
 14,354
 

 14,354
 
 14,354
Interest expense(95,143) (105,003) (190,677) (210,312)(92,204) (95,143) (182,424) (190,677)
Income before gains on sales of real estate165,328
 119,341
 282,906
 269,927
144,216
 165,328
 266,075
 282,906
Gains on sales of real estate4,344
 
 4,477
 69,792
18,770
 4,344
 117,677
 4,477
Net income169,672
 119,341
 287,383
 339,719
162,986
 169,672
 383,752
 287,383
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests              
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships(15,203) (6,814) (19,627) (17,278)(14,400) (15,203) (31,634) (19,627)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership154,469
 112,527
 267,756
 322,441
148,586
 154,469
 352,118
 267,756
Preferred distributions(2,625) (2,589) (5,250) (5,207)(2,625) (2,625) (5,250) (5,250)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$151,844
 $109,938
 $262,506
 $317,234
$145,961
 $151,844
 $346,868
 $262,506
Basic earnings per common unit attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders:              
Net income$0.88
 $0.64
 $1.53
 $1.85
$0.85
 $0.88
 $2.02
 $1.53
Weighted average number of common units outstanding171,675
 171,370
 171,628
 171,339
171,916
 171,675
 171,892
 171,628
Diluted earnings per common unit attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders:              
Net income$0.88
 $0.64
 $1.53
 $1.85
$0.85
 $0.88
 $2.01
 $1.53
Weighted average number of common and common equivalent units outstanding171,829
 171,568
 171,882
 171,584
172,072
 171,829
 172,130
 171,882
              
Distributions per common unit$0.75
 $0.65
 $1.50
 $1.30
$0.80
 $0.75
 $1.60
 $1.50
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
 
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
(in thousands)(in thousands)    
Net income$169,672
 $119,341
 $287,383
 $339,719
$162,986
 $169,672
 $383,752
 $287,383
Other comprehensive loss:       
Other comprehensive income (loss):       
Effective portion of interest rate contracts(6,313) (32,351) (6,133) (90,997)
 (6,313) 
 (6,133)
Amortization of interest rate contracts (1)1,397
 628
 2,703
 1,255
1,666
 1,397
 3,332
 2,703
Other comprehensive loss(4,916) (31,723) (3,430) (89,742)
Other comprehensive income (loss)1,666
 (4,916) 3,332
 (3,430)
Comprehensive income164,756
 87,618
 283,953
 249,977
164,652
 164,756
 387,084
 283,953
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests(12,715) (793) (17,211) (731)(14,544) (12,715) (31,922) (17,211)
Comprehensive income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership$152,041
 $86,825
 $266,742
 $249,246
$150,108
 $152,041
 $355,162
 $266,742
_______________
(1) Amounts reclassified from comprehensive income primarily to interest expense within the Boston Properties Limited Partnership's Consolidated Statements of Operations.

































The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF PARTNERS’ CAPITAL
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 20172018 AND 20162017
(Unaudited and in thousands)
 
Total Partners’ Capital
Balance at December 31, 2017$3,807,630
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle4,933
Contributions1,685
Net income allocable to general and limited partner units316,807
Distributions(252,269)
Other comprehensive income2,734
Unearned compensation(656)
Conversion of redeemable partnership units1,196
Adjustment to reflect redeemable partnership units at redemption value84,641
Balance at June 30, 2018$3,966,701
Total Partners’ Capital 
Balance at December 31, 2016$3,811,717
$3,811,717
Contributions4,682
4,682
Net income allocable to general and limited partner units240,823
240,823
Distributions(236,368)(236,368)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(910)
Other comprehensive loss(910)
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle(272)(272)
Unearned compensation(2,329)(2,329)
Conversion of redeemable partnership units16,422
16,422
Adjustment to reflect redeemable partnership units at redemption value92,740
92,740
Balance at June 30, 2017$3,926,505
$3,926,505
 
Balance at December 31, 2015$3,684,522
Contributions2,871
Net income allocable to general and limited partner units289,670
Distributions(204,939)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(65,634)
Unearned compensation553
Conversion of redeemable partnership units2,664
Adjustment to reflect redeemable partnership units at redemption value(86,626)
Balance at June 30, 2016$3,623,081























The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


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BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
For the six months ended June 30,For the six months ended June 30,
2017 20162018 2017
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income$287,383
 $339,719
$383,752
 $287,383
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization306,892
 308,652
318,327
 306,892
Non-cash compensation expense19,237
 17,647
23,243
 19,237
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures(6,192) (4,025)(1,230) (6,192)
Distributions of net cash flow from operations of unconsolidated joint ventures2,905
 11,399
1,663
 2,905
Gains from investments in securities(1,772) (737)(379) (1,772)
Gains from early extinguishments of debt(14,444) 

 (14,354)
Non-cash portion of interest expense(11,979) (19,330)10,607
 (11,979)
Gains on sales of real estate(4,477) (69,792)(117,677) (4,477)
Change in assets and liabilities:      
Cash held in escrows7,531
 632
Tenant and other receivables, net2,033
 13,963
33,012
 2,033
Accrued rental income, net(19,348) (5,294)(45,759) (19,348)
Prepaid expenses and other assets36,223
 62,752
(4,641) 36,223
Accounts payable and accrued expenses(2,608) 9,236
(9,899) (2,608)
Accrued interest payable(158,761) 31,789
12,999
 (158,761)
Other liabilities(33,093) (71,805)11,571
 (33,121)
Tenant leasing costs(37,252) (40,655)(54,743) (37,252)
Total adjustments84,895
 244,432
177,094
 77,426
Net cash provided by operating activities372,278
 584,151
560,846
 364,809
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Acquisitions of real estate(15,953) (78,000)
Acquisition of real estate
 (15,953)
Construction in progress(297,747) (242,944)(380,565) (297,747)
Building and other capital improvements(100,808) (48,306)(96,730) (100,808)
Tenant improvements(107,533) (116,935)(83,982) (107,533)
Proceeds from sales of real estate17,049
 104,816
141,249
 17,049
Proceeds from sales of real estate placed in escrow(16,640) (104,696)
Proceeds from sales of real estate released from escrow15,844
 104,696
Cash released from escrow for investing activities9,004
 6,694
Cash released from escrow for land sale contracts
 781
Deposit on real estate
 (25,000)
Capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures(41,491) (26,040)(65,250) (41,491)
Investments in securities, net(1,195) (658)(523) (1,195)
Net cash used in investing activities(539,470) (425,592)(485,801) (547,678)
      
      

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BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited) 
 For the six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016
 (in thousands)
Cash flows from financing activities:   
Proceeds from mortgage notes payable2,300,000
 
Repayments of mortgage notes payable(1,308,708) (222,535)
Proceeds from unsecured senior notes
 997,080
Borrowings on unsecured line of credit430,000
 
Repayments of unsecured line of credit(430,000) 
Repayments of mezzanine notes payable(306,000) 
Repayments of outside members’ notes payable(70,424) 
Payments on capital lease obligations(486) 
Payments on real estate financing transaction(1,013) (4,290)
Deposit on mortgage note payable interest rate lock(23,200) 
Return of deposit on mortgage note payable interest rate lock23,200
 
Deferred financing costs(43,635) (8,047)
Net proceeds from equity transactions(181) (666)
Distributions(263,221) (442,901)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships23,496
 5,040
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships(27,115) (25,914)
Net cash provided by financing activities302,713
 297,767
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents135,521
 456,326
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period356,914
 723,718
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$492,435
 $1,180,044
Supplemental disclosures:   
Cash paid for interest$388,045
 $217,021
Interest capitalized$26,628
 $19,168
Non-cash investing and financing activities:   
Write-off of fully depreciated real estate$(85,525) $(52,708)
Additions to real estate included in accounts payable and accrued expenses$22,994
 $(14,471)
Real estate acquired through capital lease$28,962
 $
Outside members’ notes payable contributed to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships$109,576
 $
Distributions declared but not paid$130,432
 $113,071
Conversions of redeemable partnership units to partners’ capital$16,422
 $2,664
Issuance of restricted securities to employees$35,945
 $33,711









BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited) 
 For the six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017
 (in thousands)
Cash flows from financing activities:   
Proceeds from mortgage notes payable
 2,300,000
Repayments of mortgage notes payable(9,192) (1,308,708)
Borrowings on unsecured line of credit345,000
 430,000
Repayments of unsecured line of credit(390,000) (430,000)
Proceeds from unsecured term loan500,000
 
Repayments of mezzanine notes payable
 (306,000)
Repayments of outside members’ notes payable
 (70,424)
Payments on capital lease obligations
 (548)
Payments on real estate financing transaction(960) (1,013)
Deposit on mortgage note payable interest rate lock
 (23,200)
Return of deposit on mortgage note payable interest rate lock
 23,200
Deferred financing costs(263) (43,635)
Debt prepayment and extinguishment costs
 (90)
Net proceeds from equity transactions(684) (181)
Distributions(280,754) (263,221)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships27,532
 23,496
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships(44,033) (27,115)
Net cash provided by financing activities146,646
 302,561
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows221,691
 119,692
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, beginning of period505,369
 420,088
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, end of period$727,060
 $539,780
    
Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows:   
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period$434,767
 $356,914
Cash held in escrows, beginning of period70,602
 63,174
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, beginning of period$505,369
 $420,088
    
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$472,555
 $492,435
Cash held in escrows, end of period254,505
 47,345
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, end of period$727,060
 $539,780
    
Supplemental disclosures:   
Cash paid for interest$192,898
 $388,045
Interest capitalized$34,999
 $26,628
Non-cash investing and financing activities:   
Write-off of fully depreciated real estate$(78,900) $(85,525)
Additions to real estate included in accounts payable and accrued expenses$326
 $22,994
Real estate acquired through capital lease$
 $28,962
Outside members’ notes payable contributed to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships$
 $109,576
Distributions declared but not paid$139,263
 $130,432
Conversions of redeemable partnership units to partners’ capital$1,196
 $16,422
Issuance of restricted securities to employees$37,342
 $35,945

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC. AND BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Organization
Boston Properties, Inc., a Delaware corporation, is a fully integrated, self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust (“REIT”). Boston Properties, Inc. is the sole general partner of Boston Properties Limited Partnership, its operating partnership, and at June 30, 20172018 owned an approximate 89.7% (89.5%(89.7% at December 31, 2016)2017) general and limited partnership interest in Boston Properties Limited Partnership. Unless stated otherwise or the context requires, the “Company” refers to Boston Properties, Inc. and its subsidiaries, including Boston Properties Limited Partnership, and its consolidated subsidiaries. Partnership interests in Boston Properties Limited Partnership include:
common units of partnership interest (also referred to as “OP Units”),
long term incentive units of partnership interest (also referred to as “LTIP Units”), and
preferred units of partnership interest (also referred to as “Preferred Units”).
Unless specifically noted otherwise, all references to OP Units exclude units held by Boston Properties, Inc. A holder of an OP Unit may present such OP Unit to Boston Properties Limited Partnership for redemption at any time (subject to restrictions agreed upon at the time of issuance of OP Units to particular holders that may restrict such redemption right for a period of time, generally one year from issuance). Upon presentation of an OP Unit for redemption, Boston Properties Limited Partnership is obligated to redeem suchthe OP Unit for cash equal to the value of a share of common stock of Boston Properties, Inc. (“Common Stock”) at such time.. In lieu of a cash redemption, Boston Properties, Inc. may elect to acquire suchthe OP Unit for one share of Common Stock. Because the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at all times equals the number of OP Units that Boston Properties, Inc. owns, one share of Common Stock is generally the economic equivalent of one OP Unit, and the quarterly distribution that may be paid to the holder of an OP Unit equals the quarterly dividend that may be paid to the holder of a share of Common Stock.
The Company uses LTIP Units as a form of equity-based award for annual long-term incentive equity compensation. The Company has also issued LTIP Units to employees in the form of (1) 2012 outperformance plan awards (“2012 OPP Units”) and (2) 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 20172018 multi-year, long-term incentive program awards (also referred to as “MYLTIP Units”), each of which, upon the satisfaction of certain performance and vesting conditions, is convertible into one OP Unit. The three-year measurement periods for the 2012 OPP Units, 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units and 20142015 MYLTIP Units expired on February 6, 2015, February 4, 2016, and February 3, 2017 and February 4, 2018, respectively, and Boston Properties, Inc.’s total stockholder return (“TSR”) was sufficient for employees to earn and therefore become eligible to vest in a portion of the awards. Unless and until they are earned, the rights, preferences and privileges of the 2015, 2016, 2017 and 20172018 MYLTIP Units differ from other LTIP Units granted to employees (including the 2012 OPP Units, the 2013 MYLTIP Units, the 2014 MYLTIP Units and the 20142015 MYLTIP Units, which have been earned). Therefore, unless specifically noted otherwise, all references to LTIP Units exclude the 2015, 2016, 2017 and 20172018 MYLTIP Units. LTIP Units (including the 2012 OPP Units, the 2013 MYLTIP Units, the 2014 MYLTIP Units and the 20142015 MYLTIP Units), whether vested or not, will receive the same quarterly per unit distributions as OP Units, which equal per share dividends on Common Stock (See Notes 7, 8 9 and 11)10).
At June 30, 2017,2018, there was one series of Preferred Units outstanding (i.e., Series B Preferred Units). The Series B Preferred Units were issued to Boston Properties, Inc. on March 27, 2013 in connection with the issuance of 80,000 shares (8,000,000 depositary shares each representing 1/100th of a share) of 5.25% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series B Preferred Stock”). Boston Properties, Inc. contributed the net proceeds from the offering to Boston Properties Limited Partnership in exchange for 80,000 Series B Preferred Units having terms and preferences generally mirroring those of the Series B Preferred Stock (See Note 9)8).
Properties
At June 30, 2017,2018, the Company owned or had interests in a portfolio of 175178 commercial real estate properties (the “Properties”) aggregating approximately 48.450.2 million net rentable square feet of primarily Class A office properties, including ninetwelve properties under construction/redevelopment totaling approximately 4.76.0 million net rentable square feet. At June 30, 2017,2018, the Properties consisted of:

164 Office properties (including six properties under construction/redevelopment);
one hotel;
five retail properties; and
five residential properties (including three properties under construction).

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166 office properties (including nine properties under construction/redevelopment);
six residential properties (including three properties under construction);
five retail properties; and
one hotel.
The Company considers Class A office properties to be centrally locatedwell-located buildings that are professionally managed and maintained, attract high-quality tenants and command upper-tier rental rates, and that are modern structures or have been modernized to compete with newer buildings.
2. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Boston Properties, Inc. does not have any other significant assets, liabilities or operations, other than its investment in Boston Properties Limited Partnership, nor does it have employees of its own. Boston Properties Limited Partnership, not Boston Properties, Inc., generally executes all significant business relationships other than transactions involving securities of Boston Properties, Inc. All majority-owned subsidiaries and joint ventures over which the Company has financial and operating control and variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which the Company has determined it is the primary beneficiary are included in the consolidated financial statements. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company accounts for all other unconsolidated joint ventures using the equity method of accounting. Accordingly, the Company’s share of the earnings of these joint ventures and companies is included in consolidated net income.
The accompanying interim financial statements are unaudited; however, the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in conjunction with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, they do not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting solely of normal recurring matters) necessary for a fair statement of the financial statements for these interim periods have been included. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be obtained for other interim periods or for the full fiscal year. The year-end consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosure required by GAAP.  These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s financial statements and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report in the Company’s Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.2017.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company follows the authoritative guidance for fair value measurements when valuing its financial instruments for disclosure purposes. Boston Properties Limited Partnership determines the fair value of its unsecured senior notes using market prices. The inputs used in determining the fair value of the Company’sBoston Properties Limited Partnership’s unsecured senior notes areis categorized at a levelLevel 1 basis (as defined in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 820 "Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures," the accounting standards for Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures) due to the fact that the Companyit uses quoted market rates to value these instruments. However, the inputs used in determining the fair value could be categorized at a levelLevel 2 basis (as defined in the accounting standards for Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures) if trading volumes are low. The Company determines the fair value of its mortgage notes payable using discounted cash flow analysis by discounting the spread between the future contractual interest payments and hypothetical future interest payments on mortgage debt based on current market rates for similar securities. In determining the current market rates, the Company adds its estimates of market spreads to the quoted yields on federal government treasury securities with similar maturity dates to its debt. The inputs used in determining the fair value of the Company’s mortgage notes payable and mezzanine notes payable are categorized at a levelLevel 3 basis (as defined in the accounting standards for Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures) due to the fact that the Company considers the rates used in the valuation techniques to be unobservable inputs. To the extent that there are outstanding borrowings under the unsecured line of credit or unsecured term loan, the Company utilizes a discounted cash flow methodology in order to estimate the fair value. To the extent that credit spreads have changed since the origination, the net present value of the difference between future contractual interest payments and future interest payments based on the Company’s estimate of a current market rate would represent the difference between the book value and the fair value. The Company’s estimate of a current market rate is based upon the rate, considering current market conditions and the Company’sBoston Properties Limited Partnership's specific credit profile, at which it estimates it could obtain similar borrowings. To the extent there are outstanding borrowings, this current market rate is internally estimated and therefore would be primarily based upon a levelLevel 3 input.

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Because the Company’s valuations of its financial instruments are based on these types of estimates, the actual fair values of its financial instruments may differ materially if the Company’s estimates do not prove to be accurate, and the Company’s estimated fair values for these instruments as of the end of the applicable reporting period are not necessarily indicative of estimated or actual fair values in future reporting periods. The following table presents the aggregate carrying value of the Company’s mortgage notes payable, net, mezzanine notes payableunsecured line of credit, unsecured term loan, net and unsecured senior notes, net and the Company’s corresponding estimate of fair value as of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 20162017 (in thousands):
 
June 30, 2017 December 31, 2016June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
Carrying
Amount
   
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Carrying
Amount
   
Estimated
Fair Value
Carrying
Amount
   
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Carrying
Amount
   
Estimated
Fair Value
Mortgage notes payable, net$2,986,283
    $3,056,829
 $2,063,087
    $2,092,237
$2,972,052
    $2,938,167
 $2,979,281
    $3,042,920
Mezzanine notes payable
 
 307,093
 308,344
Unsecured senior notes, net7,250,356
    7,516,131
 7,245,953
    7,428,077
7,251,578
    7,188,261
 7,247,330
    7,461,615
Unsecured line of credit
 
 45,000
 45,000
Unsecured term loan, net498,248
 500,181
 
 
Total$10,236,639
    $10,572,960
 $9,616,133
    $9,828,658
$10,721,878
    $10,626,609
 $10,271,611
    $10,549,535
    
The Company uses interest rate swap agreements to manage its interest rate risk. The valuation of these instruments is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves. To comply with the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820, the Company incorporates credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both its own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. Although the Company has determined that the majority of the inputs used to value its derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with its derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by the Company and its counterparties. The Company has assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of its derivative positions and has determined that the credit valuation adjustments are not significant to the overall valuation of its derivatives. As a result, the Company has determined that its derivative valuations in their entirety are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Variable Interest Entities (VIEs)
Consolidated VIEs are those where the Company is considered to be the primary beneficiary of a VIE. The primary beneficiary is the entity that has a controlling financial interest in the VIE, which is defined by the entity having both of the following characteristics: (1) the power to direct the activities that, when taken together, most significantly impact the VIE’s performance and (2) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive the returns from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company has determined that it is the primary beneficiary for seven of the eightnine entities that are VIEs.
Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
As of June 30, 2017,2018, Boston Properties, Inc. has identified seven consolidated VIEs, including Boston Properties Limited Partnership. The VIEs own (1) the following five in-service properties: 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building), Times Square Tower, 601 Lexington Avenue, Atlantic Wharf Office Building and 100 Federal Street and (2) the entity that owns Salesforce Tower, which is currently under development.was partially placed in-service on December 1, 2017.
The Company consolidates these VIEs because it is the primary beneficiary.  The third parties’ interests in these consolidated entities, with the exception of Boston Properties Limited Partnership, are reflected as noncontrolling interest in property partnerships in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements (See Note 8)7)
In addition, Boston Properties, Inc.’s only significant asset is its investment in Boston Properties Limited Partnership and, consequently, substantially all of Boston Properties, Inc.’s assets and liabilities are the assets and liabilities of Boston Properties Limited Partnership. All of Boston Properties, Inc.’s debt is an obligation of Boston Properties Limited Partnership.
Variable Interest Entities Not Consolidated
The Company has determined that its BNY7750 Wisconsin Avenue LLC and Residential Tower HoldingsDeveloper LLC joint venture,ventures, which owns Dock 72 at the Brooklyn Navy Yard, is a VIE.own 7750 Wisconsin Avenue and The Hub on Causeway - Residential, respectively, are VIEs. The Company does not consolidate this entity becausethese entities as the Company does not have the power to direct the activities that, when taken together, most significantly impact the VIE’s performance and, therefore, the Company is not considered to be the primary beneficiary.
RecentNew Accounting Pronouncements
New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Accounting Board (“FASB”("FASB") issued ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” (“ASU 2014-09”). The objective of ASU 2014-09 is to establish a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers, and will supersedewhich supersedes most of the existing revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The core

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principle is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In applying ASU 2014-09, companies will perform a five-step

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analysis of transactions to determine when and how revenue is recognized. The five-step analysis consists of the following: (i) identifying the contract with a customer, (ii) identifying the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determining the transaction price, (iv) allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (v) recognizing revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. ASU 2014-09 applies to all contracts with customers except those that are within the scope of other topics in the FASB’s ASC. In August 2015, the FASBissued ASU 2015-14, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date” (“ASU 2015-14”), which delayed the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year making it effective for the first interim period within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption iswas permitted as of the original effective date. In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-12, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients” (“ASU 2016-12”). ASU 2016-12 is intended to clarify and provide practical expedients for certain aspects of ASU 2014-09 which outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenues arising from contracts with customers and notes that lease contracts with customers are a scope exception. TheASU 2014-09 was effective for the Company may elect to adopt ASU 2016-12 as of the original effective date; however, adoption is required for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017.
The Company will adoptadopted ASU 2014-09 effective January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach. The Company’s project team has completed the compilation of the inventory of the sources of revenue that will be impacted by the adoption of ASU 2014-09. The Company expects that executory costs and certain non-lease components of revenue from leases (upon the adoption of ASU 2016-02), tenant service revenue, development and management services revenue, parking revenue and gains on sales of real estate may be impacted by the adoption of ASU 2014-09 althoughdid not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company anticipatesapplied the guidance only to contracts that were not completed as of January 1, 2018. The Company does not have material contract assets and liabilities within the impact will bescope of ASC 606. The adoption of ASU 2014-09 resulted in a change to the timing pattern of revenue recognition andrecognized, but not the total revenue recognized over time. time for certain of the Company’s development services contracts. As a result, the modified retrospective approach resulted in the Company recognizing on January 1, 2018 the cumulative effect of adopting ASU 2014-09 aggregating approximately $4.9 million to Dividends in Excess of Earnings of Boston Properties, Inc. and Partners’ Capital of Boston Properties Limited Partnership and approximately $0.6 million to Noncontrolling Interests - Common Units of Boston Properties, Inc. and Noncontrolling Interests - Redeemable Partnership Units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership on the corresponding Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The Company is making progress in evaluatingdisaggregates its revenue by source within its Consolidated Statements of Operations. As an owner and operator of real estate, the significanceCompany derives the majority of its revenue from leasing space to tenants at its properties. As a result, the majority of the Company’s revenue is accounted for pursuant to ASC 840 “Leases” (“ASC 840”) and is reflected within Base Rent in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. In addition, the Company earns revenue from recoveries from tenants, consisting of amounts due from tenants for common area maintenance, real estate taxes and other recoverable costs. Revenue from recoveries from tenants is recognized under the guidance within ASC 840 until the adoption of ASC 842 "Leases" in 2019 at which time it may fall within the guidance under ASC 606 (see New Accounting Pronouncements Issued but not yet Adopted "Leases").
The Company also earns revenue from the following sources; parking and other revenue, hotel revenue and development and management services revenue.
Parking and other revenue is derived primarily from monthly and transient daily parking. In addition, the Company has certain lease arrangements for parking accounted for under the guidance in ASC 840. The monthly and transient daily parking revenue falls within the scope of ASC 606 and is accounted for at the point in time when control of the goods or services transfers to the customer and the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied, consistent with the Company’s previous accounting.
Hotel revenue is derived from room rentals and other sources such as charges to guests for telephone service, movie and vending commissions, meeting and banquet room revenue and laundry services. Hotel revenue also falls within the scope of ASC 606 and is accounted for at the point in time when control of the goods or services transfers to the customer and the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied, consistent with the Company’s previous accounting.
Development and management services revenue is earned from unconsolidated joint venture entities and third party property owners. The Company determined that the performance obligations associated with its development services contracts are satisfied over time and that the Company would recognize its development services revenue under the output method evenly over time from the development commencement date through the substantial completion date of the development management services project due to the stand-ready nature of the contracts. Significant judgments impacting the amount and timing of revenue recognized from the Company's

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development services contracts include estimates of total development project costs from which the fees are typically derived and estimates of the period of time until substantial completion of the development project, the period of time over which the development services are required to be performed. As a result, the pattern of revenue recognized over time under ASC 606 differs from the Company’s previous accounting. The Company recognizes development fees earned from unconsolidated joint venture projects equal to its cost plus profit to the extent of the third party partners’ ownership interest. Property management fees are recorded and earned based on a percentage of collected rents at the properties under management, and not on a straight-line basis, because such fees are contingent upon the collection of rents. The revenue recognized under property management services contracts is recognized consistent with the Company's previous accounting.
ASU 2014-09 also updates the principal versus agent considerations and as a result the Company determined that amounts reimbursed for payroll and related costs received from unconsolidated joint venture entities and third party property owners in connection with management services contracts should be reflected on a gross basis instead of on a net basis as the Company has determined that it is the principal under these arrangements. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company recognized approximately $2.0 million and $4.9 million, respectively, of expenses consisting of payroll and related costs from management services contracts and recognized corresponding revenue of approximately $2.0 million and $4.9 million, respectively, reflecting the direct reimbursements of such costs from the unconsolidated joint venture entities and third party property owners.
Statement of Cash Flows
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force)” (“ASU 2016-15”). ASU 2016-15 is intended to reduce diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. The areas addressed in the new guidance related to debt prepayment costs, settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned and bank-owned life insurance policies, distributions received from equity method investments, beneficial interest in securitization transactions, and separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. ASU 2016-15 was effective for the Company for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted (provided that all of the amendments are adopted in the same period), and was required to be applied retrospectively to all periods presented. The Company adopted ASU 2016-15 effective January 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 did not have a material impact on the changesCompany’s consolidated financial statements. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 will result in the recognition patternretrospective classification of its revenuedebt prepayment costs as a component of financing activities instead of as a component of operating activities in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force)” (“ASU 2016-18”). ASU 2016-18 requires companies to include restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-18 also requires a disclosure of a reconciliation between the statement of financial position and the statement of cash flows when the statement of financial position includes more than one line item for cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents. Entities with material restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents balances are required to disclose the nature of the restrictions. ASU 2016-18 was effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted, and is still completing its assessmentrequired to be applied retrospectively to all periods presented. The Company adopted ASU 2016-18 effective January 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016-18 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The retrospective adoption of ASU 2016-18 resulted in a decrease to net cash provided by operating activities totaling approximately $7.5 million, an increase to net cash used in investing activities totaling approximately $8.2 million, a decrease to net cash provided by financing activities totaling approximately $0.1 million, and a corresponding decrease to the net increase in cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows totaling approximately $15.8 million from amounts previously reported for the six months ended June 30, 2017. Cash held in escrows include amounts established pursuant to various agreements for security deposits, property taxes, insurance and other costs. Cash held in escrows also include cash held by qualified intermediaries for possible investments in like-kind exchanges in accordance with Section 1031 of the overallInternal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, in connection with sales of the Company’s properties.
Sales of Real Estate

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In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, “Other Income - Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets” (“ASU 2017-05”). ASU 2017-05 updates the definition of an “in substance nonfinancial asset” and clarifies the derecognition guidance for nonfinancial assets to conform with the new revenue recognition standard. The effective date and transition methods of ASU 2017-05 are aligned with ASU 2014-09 described above and were effective for the first interim period within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted ASU 2017-05 effective January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach. The adoption of ASU 2017-05 did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. See also Note 3.
Stock Compensation
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of adopting Modification Accounting” (“ASU 2014-09.2017-09”). ASU 2017-09 is intended to provide clarity and reduce (1) diversity in practice, (2) cost and (3) complexity when applying the guidance in Topic 718 to a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award. ASU 2017-09 was effective for public entities for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted ASU 2017-09 effective January 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2017-09 did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Derivatives and Hedging
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities” (“ASU 2017-12”). ASU 2017-12 was issued with the objective of improving the financial reporting of hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity’s risk management activities in its financial statements. ASU 2017-12 also makes certain targeted improvements to simplify the application of the hedge accounting guidance. ASU 2017-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company early adopted ASU 2017-12 effective January 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2017-12 did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. As of June 30, 2018, the Company does not have any outstanding hedges, but continues to reclassify into earnings as an increase primarily to interest expense approximately $1.7 million per quarter relating to previously settled interest rate contracts.
New Accounting Pronouncements Issued but not yet Adopted
Leases    
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases“Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”), which sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases for both parties to a contract (i.e., lessees and lessors). ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether or not the lease is effectively a financed purchase of the leased asset by the lessee. This classification will determine whether the lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. A lessee is also required to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than 12 months regardless of their classification. Leases with a term of 12 months or less will be accounted for similar to existing guidance for operating leases today. The new standard requires lessors to account for leases using an approach that is substantially equivalent to existing guidance for sales-type leases, direct financing leases and operating leases. ASU 2016-02 supersedes previous leasing standards. standards. ASU 2016-02 is effective for the Company for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company has commencedwill adopt ASU 2016-02 effective January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective approach. The Company is in the process of evaluating whether it will elect to apply the practical expedients. The Company is in the process of adopting ASU 2016-02 by forming aand its project team and beginning to compilehas compiled an inventory of its leases that will be impacted by the adoption of ASU 2016-02. The Company is still assessingcontinues to assess the impact of adopting ASU 2016-02. However, the Company expects that itswill account for operating leases whereunder which it is the lessor will be accounted for on its balance sheet in a manner similar to its current accounting with thethe underlying leased asset recognized as real estate. The Company expectsOn July 30, 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, “Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements” (“ASU 2018-11”), that executory costs and certain other non-leaseallows lessors to elect, as a practical expedient, by class of underlying asset, to not separate nonlease components will need to be accounted for separately from the associated lease component ofand, instead, to account for those components as a single component if the lease with the lease component continuing tononlease components otherwise would be recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and the executory costs and certain other non-lease components being accounted for under the new revenue recognition guidance (ASC 606) and both of the following are met:
1.The timing and pattern of transfer of the nonlease component(s) and associated lease components are the same.
2.The lease component, if accounted for separately, would be classified as an operating lease.

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If the nonlease component or components associated with the lease component are the predominant component of the combined component, an entity is required to account for the combined component in accordance with ASC 606. Certain disclosures are required if applying this practical expedient. The Company’s project team is evaluating this recently issued ASU 2014-09.2018-11. For leases in which the Company is the lessee, primarily consisting of ground leases, the Company expects towill recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability equal to the present value of the minimum lease payments with rental payments being applied to the lease liability and to interest expense and the right-of-use asset being amortized to expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. In addition, under ASU 2016-02, lessors maywill only capitalize incremental direct leasing costs. As a result, the Company expects that it will no longer be able to capitalize itslegal costs and internal leasing wages and instead will be required to expense these and other non-incremental costs as incurred.
In March 2016,January 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, “Compensation - Stock Compensation2018-01, “Leases (Topic 718)842)ImprovementsLand Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting”Topic 842” (“ASU 2016-09”2018-01”). ASU 2016-09 is intended, which provides an optional transition practical expedient to improve the accounting for share-based payments and affects all organizationsnot evaluate under Topic 842 existing or expired land easements that issue share-based payment awards to their employees. Several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment awards are simplified with ASU 2016-09, including income tax consequences, classification of awards as equity or liabilities and classification on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 is effective for the Company for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. On January 1, 2017, the Company adopted ASU 2016-09 and elected to make an accounting policy change to its method of accounting for forfeitures on its awards of stock-based compensation including the issuance of shares of restricted common stock, LTIP Units and MYLTIP Units. The Company now accounts for forfeitures as they occur instead of estimating the number of forfeitures upon the issuance of such awards of stock-based compensation. The adoption resulted in the Company recognizing cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle adjustments to its consolidated balance sheets totaling approximately $0.3 million to Dividends in Excess of Earnings and Partners’ Capital for Boston Properties, Inc. and Boston Properties Limited Partnership, respectively, and approximately $1.8 million to noncontrolling interests - common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership and noncontrolling interests - redeemable partnership units for Boston Properties, Inc. and Boston Properties Limited Partnership, respectively.

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In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business” (“ASU 2017-01”). ASU 2017-01 clarifies the framework for determining whether an integrated set of assets and activities meets the definition of a business. The revised framework establishes a screen for determining whether an integrated set of assets and activities is a business and narrows the definition of a business, which is expected to result in fewer transactions beingwere not previously accounted for as business combinations. Acquisitionsleases under the current leases guidance in Topic 840.  An entity that elects this practical expedient should evaluate new or modified land easements under Topic 842 beginning at the date that the entity adopts Topic 842.  An entity that does not elect this practical expedient should evaluate all existing or expired land easements in connection with the adoption of integrated sets of assets and activities that do notthe new lease requirements in Topic 842 to assess whether they meet the definition of a business are accounted for as asset acquisitions. This update is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted for transactions that have not been reported in previously issued (or available to be issued) financial statements and shall be applied on a prospective basis. The Company early adopted ASU 2017-01 during the first quarter of 2017. The Company expects that acquisitions of real estate or in-substance real estate will not meet the revised definition of a business because substantially all of the fair value is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets (i.e. land, buildings, and related intangible assets) or because the acquisition does not include a substantive process in the form of an acquired workforce or an acquired contract that cannot be replaced without significant cost, effort or delay.
In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, “Other Income - Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets” (“ASU 2017-05”). ASU 2017-05 updates the definition of an “in substance nonfinancial asset” and clarifies the derecognition guidance for nonfinancial assets to conform with the new revenue recognition standard.lease.  The effective date and transition methods ofrequirements for ASU 2017-052018-01 are aligned withthe same as the effective date and transition requirements in ASU 2014-09 described above and are effective for the first interim period within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017.2016-02. The Company plans to elect this practical expedient and has gathered its inventory and is currently assessingin the potential impact that the adoptionprocess of ASU 2017-05 will have on its consolidated financial statements.
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting” (“ASU 2017-09”). ASU 2017-09 is intended to provide claritydrafting procedures and reduce (1) diversity in practice, (2) cost and (3) complexity when applying the guidance in Topic 718 to a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award. ASU 2017-09 is effective for public entities for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is currently assessing the potential impact that the adoption of ASU 2017-09 will have on its consolidated financial statements.controls.
3. Real Estate
Boston Properties, Inc.
Real estate consisted of the following at June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 20162017 (in thousands):
June 30, 2017 December 31, 2016June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
Land$4,880,337
 $4,879,020
$5,108,880
 $5,080,679
Land held for future development (1)250,451
 246,656
210,902
 204,925
Buildings and improvements11,960,865
 11,890,626
12,720,779
 12,284,164
Tenant improvements2,136,739
 2,060,315
2,278,755
 2,219,608
Furniture, fixtures and equipment37,136
 32,687
44,164
 37,928
Construction in progress1,348,838
 1,037,959
1,163,040
 1,269,338
Total20,614,366
 20,147,263
21,526,520
 21,096,642
Less: Accumulated depreciation(4,379,446) (4,222,235)(4,745,590) (4,589,634)
$16,234,920
 $15,925,028
$16,780,930
 $16,507,008
_______________
(1)Includes pre-development costs.
Boston Properties Limited Partnership
Real estate consisted of the following at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 (in thousands):
 June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
Land$5,005,471
 $4,976,303
Land held for future development (1)210,902
 204,925
Buildings and improvements12,416,577
 11,977,062
Tenant improvements2,278,755
 2,219,608
Furniture, fixtures and equipment44,164
 37,928
Construction in progress1,163,040
 1,269,338
Total21,118,909
 20,685,164
Less: Accumulated depreciation(4,649,907) (4,496,959)
 $16,469,002
 $16,188,205
_______________
(1)Includes pre-development costs.

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Boston Properties Limited Partnership
Real estate consisted of the following at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (in thousands):
 June 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Land$4,775,961
 $4,774,460
Land held for future development (1)250,451
 246,656
Buildings and improvements11,653,196
 11,581,795
Tenant improvements2,136,739
 2,060,315
Furniture, fixtures and equipment37,136
 32,687
Construction in progress1,348,838
 1,037,959
Total20,202,321
 19,733,872
Less: Accumulated depreciation(4,290,112) (4,136,364)
 $15,912,209
 $15,597,508
_______________
(1)Includes pre-development costs.
Development
On April 6, 2017,January 24, 2018, the Company commenced the development of 145 Broadway,entered into a lease agreement with Leidos for a build-to-suit Class A office project with approximately 485,000276,000 net rentable square feet of Class A office space at the Company's 17Fifty Presidents Street development project located in Cambridge, Massachusetts.Reston, Virginia. Concurrently with the execution of the lease, the Company commenced development of the project and expects the building to be completed and available for occupancy during the second quarter of 2020.
On May 27, 2017,January 31, 2018, the Company partially placed in-service its Signature at Reston development project comprised of 508 apartment units and retail space aggregating approximately 518,000 square feet located in Reston, Virginia. This project was completed and fully placed in-service Reservoir Place North,on June 7, 2018.
On February 23, 2018, the Company entered into a Class A office redevelopment projectlease agreement with Fannie Mae to lease approximately 73,000850,000 net rentable square feet of Class A office space at the Company's Reston Gateway development project located in Waltham, Massachusetts.Reston, Virginia. The initial phase of the project will consist of approximately
Ground Lease1.1 million net rentable square feet. The Company expects to begin construction in the second half of 2018 upon receipt of all necessary approvals.
On June 29, 2017,20, 2018, the Company executed a 99-year ground lease (including extension options), with the right to purchase prior to 10 years after stabilization of thepartially placed in-service its Proto Kendall Square development project as defined in the lease, land adjacent to the MacArthur BART stationcomprised of 280 apartment units and retail space aggregating approximately 167,000 square feet located in Oakland, California. The Company has commenced development of a 402-unit residential building and supporting retail space on the site. The Company’s option to purchase the land, is considered a bargain purchase option and as a result, the Company has concluded that the lease should be accounted for as a capital lease. At the inception of the ground lease, the Company recorded an approximately $29.0 million capital lease asset and liability, which is reflected within Construction in Progress and Other Liabilities on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Capital lease assets and liabilities are accounted for at the lower of fair market value or the present value of future minimum lease payments. This capital lease is for land only, therefore, the Company will not be depreciating the capital lease asset, because land is assumed to have an indefinite life.
As of June 29, 2017, future minimum lease payments related to this capital lease are as follows (in thousands):
Period from June 29, 2017 through December 31, 2017$5
201810
201910
202010
202113
Thereafter38,778
Total expected minimum obligations38,826
Interest portion(9,864)
Present value of net expected minimum payments$28,962
Acquisitions
On May 15, 2017, the Company acquired 103 Carnegie Center located in Princeton, New Jersey for a purchase price of approximately $15.8 million in cash. 103 Carnegie Center is an approximately 96,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property. The following table summarizes the allocation of the aggregate purchase price, including transaction costs, of 103 Carnegie Center at the date of acquisition (in thousands). 

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Land$2,890
Building and improvements11,229
Tenant improvements871
In-place lease intangibles2,389
Below-market lease intangible(1,426)
Net assets acquired$15,953
The following table summarizes the estimated annual amortization of the acquired below-market lease intangibles and the acquired in-place lease intangibles for 103 Carnegie Center for the remainder of 2017 and each of the next four succeeding fiscal years (in thousands).
 
Acquired In-Place
Lease Intangibles  
 
Acquired Below-
Market Lease Intangibles  
Period from May 15, 2017 through December 31, 2017$660
 $(248)
2018590
 (363)
2019367
 (337)
2020243
 (308)
202196
 (105)

103 Carnegie Center contributed approximately $0.4 million of revenue and approximately $0.2 million of earnings to the Company for the period from May 15, 2017 through June 30, 2017.Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Dispositions
On April 19, 2017,January 9, 2018, the Company completed the sale of an approximately 9.5-acre parcel of land at 30 Shattuck Roadits 500 E Street, S.W. property located in Andover, MassachusettsWashington, DC for a grossnet contract sale price of $5.0approximately $118.6 million. Net cash proceeds totaled approximately $5.0$116.1 million, resulting in a gain on sale of real estate totaling approximately $3.7 million.$96.4 million for Boston Properties, Inc. and approximately $98.9 million for Boston Properties Limited Partnership. 500 E Street, S.W. is an approximately 262,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property. 500 E Street, S.W. contributed approximately $0.1 million of net income to the Company for the period from January 1, 2018 through January 8, 2018 and contributed approximately $1.6 million and $3.2 million of net income to the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively.

On June 13, 2017,May 24, 2018, the Company completed the sale of 40 Shattuck Roadits 91 Hartwell Avenue property located in Andover,Lexington, Massachusetts for a gross sale price of $12.0approximately $22.2 million. Net cash proceeds totaled approximately $11.9$21.7 million, resulting in a gain on sale of real estate totaling approximately $28,000$15.5 million for Boston Properties, Inc. and approximately $0.6$15.9 million for Boston Properties Limited Partnership. 40 Shattuck Road91 Hartwell Avenue is an approximately 122,000119,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property. 40 Shattuck Road91 Hartwell Avenue contributed approximately $19,000$0.1 million and $(28,000)$0.3 million of net income (loss) to the Company for the period from April 1, 20172018 through June 13, 2017May 23, 2018 and the period from January 1, 20172018 through June 13, 2017,May 23, 2018, respectively, and contributed approximately $(93,000)$0.1 million and $15,000$0.3 million of net income (loss) to the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016,2017, respectively.

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4. Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
The investments in unconsolidated joint ventures consist of the following at June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016:2017:
 
 
Nominal %
Ownership
 Carrying Value of Investment (1) Nominal % Ownership Carrying Value of Investment (1)
Entity Properties  June 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 Properties  June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
   (in thousands)   (in thousands)
Square 407 Limited Partnership Market Square North 50.0% $(7,490) $(8,134) Market Square North 50.0% $(7,371) $(8,258)
The Metropolitan Square Associates LLC Metropolitan Square 20.0% 2,496
 2,004
 Metropolitan Square 20.0% 4,628
 3,339
BP/CRF 901 New York Avenue LLC 901 New York Avenue 25.0%(2) (9,719) (10,564) 901 New York Avenue 25.0%(2) (12,824) (13,811)
WP Project Developer LLC Wisconsin Place Land and Infrastructure 33.3%(3) 40,704
 41,605
 Wisconsin Place Land and Infrastructure 33.3%(3) 39,015
 39,710
Annapolis Junction NFM, LLC Annapolis Junction 50.0%(4) 19,392
 20,539
 Annapolis Junction 50.0%(4) 17,597
 18,381
540 Madison Venture LLC 540 Madison Avenue 60.0% 68,325
 67,816
 540 Madison Avenue 60.0% 66,385
 66,179
500 North Capitol Venture LLC 500 North Capitol Street, NW 30.0% (3,396) (3,389) 500 North Capitol Street, NW 30.0% (4,416) (3,876)
501 K Street LLC 1001 6th Street 50.0%(5) 42,428
 42,528
 1001 6th Street 50.0%(5) 42,646
 42,657
Podium Developer LLC The Hub on Causeway 50.0% 45,616
 29,869
 The Hub on Causeway 50.0% 72,900
 67,120
Residential Tower Developer LLC The Hub on Causeway - Residential 50.0% 23,799
 20,803
 The Hub on Causeway - Residential 50.0%(6)38,958
 28,212
Hotel Tower Developer LLC The Hub on Causeway - Hotel 50.0% 1,561
 933
 The Hub on Causeway - Hotel Air Rights 50.0% 2,046
 1,690
1265 Main Office JV LLC 1265 Main Street 50.0% 4,654
 4,779
 1265 Main Street 50.0% 4,413
 4,641
BNY Tower Holdings LLC Dock 72 at the Brooklyn Navy Yard 50.0%(6)55,646
 33,699
 Dock 72 at the Brooklyn Navy Yard 50.0% 71,651
 72,104
CA-Colorado Center Limited Partnership Colorado Center 49.8% 514,747
 510,623
 Colorado Center 50.0% 253,864
 254,440
7750 Wisconsin Avenue LLC 7750 Wisconsin Avenue 50.0%(6)68,404
 21,452
   $798,763
 $753,111
   $657,896
 $593,980
 _______________
(1)
Investments with deficit balances aggregating approximately $20.6$24.6 million and $22.1$25.9 millionat June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, respectively, have been reflected within Other Liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(2)The Company’s economic ownership has increased based on the achievement of certain return thresholds.
(3)The Company’s wholly-owned entitysubsidiary that owns the office component of the projectWisconsin Place Office also owns a 33.3% interest in the joint venture entity owningthat owns the land, parking garage and infrastructure of the project.
(4)
The joint venture owns four in-service buildings and two undeveloped land parcels.
(5)Under the joint venture agreement for this land parcel, the partner will be entitled to up to two additional payments from the venture based on increases in total entitled square footage of the project above 520,000 square feet and achieving certain project returns at stabilization.
(6)The
This entity is a VIE (See Note 2)2).
Certain of the Company’s unconsolidated joint venture agreements include provisions whereby, at certain specified times, each partner has the right to initiate a purchase or sale of its interest in the joint ventures. With limited exception,exceptions, under these provisions, the Company is not compelled to purchase the interest of its outside joint venture partners. Under certain of the Company’s joint venture agreements, if certain return thresholds are achieved, the partners will be entitled to an additional promoted interest or payments.

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The combined summarized balance sheets of the Company’s unconsolidated joint ventures are as follows:
June 30, 2017 December 31, 2016June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
(in thousands)(in thousands)
ASSETS      
Real estate and development in process, net$1,599,268
 $1,519,217
$1,938,438
 $1,768,996
Other assets315,170
 297,263
397,442
 367,743
Total assets$1,914,438
 $1,816,480
$2,335,880
 $2,136,739
LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’/PARTNERS’ EQUITY      
Mortgage and notes payable, net$863,981
 $865,665
$1,524,951
 $1,437,440
Other liabilities81,047
 67,167
126,179
 99,215
Members’/Partners’ equity969,410
 883,648
684,750
 600,084
Total liabilities and members’/partners’ equity$1,914,438
 $1,816,480
$2,335,880
 $2,136,739
Company’s share of equity$498,789
 $450,662
$349,576
 $286,495
Basis differentials (1)299,974
 302,449
308,320
 307,485
Carrying value of the Company’s investments in unconsolidated joint ventures (2)$798,763
 $753,111
$657,896
 $593,980
 _______________
(1)This amount represents the aggregate difference between the Company’s historical cost basis and the basis reflected at the joint venture level, which is typically amortized over the life of the related assets and liabilities. Basis differentials result from impairments of investments, acquisitions through joint ventures with no change in control and upon the transfer of assets that were previously owned by the Company into a joint venture. In addition, certain acquisition, transaction and other costs may not be reflected in the net assets at the joint venture level. At June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, there was an aggregate basis differential of approximately $325.9$319.7 million and $328.8$322.5 million, respectively, between the carrying value of the Company’s investment in the joint venture that owns Colorado Center and the joint venture’s basis in the assets and liabilities, which differential (excluding land) shall be amortized over the remaining lives of the related assets and liabilities.
(2)
Investments with deficit balances aggregating approximately $20.6$24.6 millionand $22.1$25.9 million at June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, respectively, have been reflected within Other Liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The combined summarized statements of operations of the Company’s unconsolidated joint ventures are as follows:
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 2016 2018 2017 2018 2017
(in thousands) (in thousands)    
Total revenue (1)$55,862
 $38,368
 $110,623
 $76,037
 $57,096
 $55,862
 $113,582
 $110,623
Expenses               
Operating22,103
 16,359
 44,182
 33,026
 22,868
 22,103
 45,717
 44,182
Depreciation and amortization14,224
 9,204
 28,533
 18,268
 14,527
 14,224
 29,252
 28,533
Total expenses36,327
 25,563
 72,715
 51,294
 37,395
 36,327
 74,969
 72,715
Operating income19,535
 12,805
 37,908
 24,743
 19,701
 19,535
 38,613
 37,908
Other expense               
Interest expense9,427
 8,383
 18,727
 16,772
 14,708
 9,427
 29,132
 18,727
Net income$10,108
 $4,422
 $19,181
 $7,971
 $4,993
 $10,108
 $9,481
 $19,181
               
Company’s share of net income$4,344
 $2,052
 $8,667
 $3,651
(2)$2,105
 $4,344
 $3,931
 $8,667
Basis differential (2)(1,236) 182
 (2,475) 374
 (1,336) (1,236) (2,701) (2,475)
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures$3,108
 $2,234
 $6,192
 $4,025
 $769
 $3,108
 $1,230
 $6,192

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 _______________ 
(1)
Includes straight-line rent adjustments of approximately $4.3$3.2 million and $3.6$4.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and 2016, respectively$5.0 million and $11.3 million and $5.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, and 2016, respectively.

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(2)
Includes straight-line rent adjustments of approximately $0.7 million and $0.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $1.4 million and $1.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, andrespectively. Also includes net above-/below-market rent adjustments of approximately $0.4 million and $0.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $0.8 million and $0.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
5. Debt
Mortgage Notes Payable, Net, Mezzanine Notes Payable and Outside Members Notes Payable
On June 7, 2017, the Company’s consolidated entityApril 19, 2018, a joint venture in which itthe Company has a 50% interest obtained construction financing with a total commitment of $180.0 million collateralized by its Hub on Causeway - Residential development project.  The construction financing bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.00% per annum and matures on April 19, 2022, with two, one-year extension options, subject to certain conditions.  The joint venture has not yet drawn any funds under the loan. The Hub on Causeway - Residential is an approximately 320,000 square foot project comprised of 440 residential units located in Boston, Massachusetts.
On April 27, 2018, a joint venture in which the Company has a 60% ownership interest and that owns 767 Fifthrefinanced the mortgage loan collateralized by its 540 Madison Avenue (the General Motors Building)property located in New York City completed the refinancing of the indebtedness that had been secured by direct and indirect interests in the property.totaling $120.0 million.  The new mortgage financing has a principal amount of $2.3 billion,loan bears interest at a fixed interestvariable rate of 3.43%equal to LIBOR plus 1.10% per annum and matures on June 9, 2027.5, 2023.  The loan requires monthly interest-only payments during the 10-year term of the loan, with the entire principal amount being due at maturity.
The refinanced indebtedness consisted of (1)previous mortgage loans payable collateralized by the property aggregating $1.3 billion, (2) mezzanine loans payable aggregating $306.0 million, (3) additional mezzanine loans payable aggregating $294.0 million and (4) member loans aggregating $450.0 million with outstanding accrued interest payable totaling approximately $425.0 million. The mortgage loans required monthly interest-only payments at a weighted-average fixed interest rate of 5.95% per annum and were scheduled to mature on October 7, 2017. The mezzanine loans required interest-only payments at a weighted-average fixed interest rate of 6.02% per annum and were scheduled to mature on October 7, 2017. In addition, a subsidiary of the consolidated entity had acquired a lender’s interest in certain other mezzanine loans assumed during the acquisition of the property having an aggregate principal amount of $294.0 million and a stated interest rate of 6.02% per annum for a purchase price of approximately $263.1 million in cash. These mezzanine loans payable had been eliminated in consolidation and were canceled upon the refinancing of the indebtedness. The member loansloan bore interest at a fixedvariable rate of 11.0%equal to LIBOR plus 1.50% per annum and werewas scheduled to mature on June 9, 2017.5, 2018.  540 Madison Avenue is an approximately 284,000 net rentable square foot Class A portion of the original purchase price of the property was financed with loans from the members on a pro rata basis equal to their percentage interest in the consolidated entity. The Company had eliminated in consolidation its member loan totaling $270.0 million and its share of the related accrued interest payable of approximately $255.0 million at the date of the refinancing. The remaining outside members’ notes payable and related accrued interest payable totaling $180.0 million and approximately $170.0 million, respectively, at the date of the refinancing had been reflected as Outside Members’ Notes Payable and within Accrued Interest Payable, respectively, on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The net proceeds from the new financing were used to repay all of the outstanding accrued interest payable on the member loans and a portion of the outstanding principal balance of the member loans totaling approximately $176.1 million. In connection with the refinancing, the members of the Company’s consolidated entity contributed the remaining balance of the member notes payable totaling approximately $273.9 million (of which the Company’s share of approximately $164.4 million had been eliminated in consolidation) to equity in the consolidated entity (See Note 8). There was no prepayment penalty associated with the repayments. The Company recognized a gain from early extinguishment of debt totaling approximately $14.6 million primarily consisting of the acceleration of the remaining balance related to historical fair value debt adjustments.office property.
5. Debt
Credit Facility
On April 24, 2017, Boston Properties Limited Partnership amended and restated its unsecured revolving credit agreement (as amended and restated, the “2017"2017 Credit Facility”Facility"). Among other things, the 2017 Credit Facility (1) increased the total commitment of the revolving line of credit (the “Revolving Facility”"Revolving Facility") from $1.0 billion to $1.5 billion, (2) extended the maturity date from July 26, 2018 to April 24, 2022, (3) reduced the per annum variable interest rates, and (4) added a $500.0 million delayed draw term loan facility (the “Delayed"Delayed Draw Facility”Facility") that permits Boston Properties Limited Partnership to draw until the first anniversary of the closing date, to draw upon up to four times a minimum of $50.0 million (or, if less, the unused delayed draw term commitments), provided that amounts drawn under the Delayed Draw Facility and subsequently repaid may not be borrowed again. In addition, Boston Properties Limited Partnership may increase the total commitment under the 2017 Credit Facility by up to $500.0 million through increases in the Revolving Facility or the Delayed Draw Facility, or both, subject to syndication of the increase and other conditions.
At Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s option, loans under the Revolving Facility and Delayed Draw Facility will bear interest at a rate per annum equal to (1) (a) in the case of loans denominated in Dollars, Euro or Sterling, LIBOR, and (b) in the case of loans denominated in Canadian Dollars, CDOR, in each case, plus a margin ranging from 77.5 to 155 basis points for the Revolving Commitment and 85 to 175 basis points for the Delayed Draw Facility, based on Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s credit rating or (2) an alternate base rate equal to the greatest of (x) the Administrative Agent’s prime rate, (y) the Federal Funds rate plus 0.50% or (z) LIBOR for a one-month period plus 1.00%, in each case, plus a margin ranging from 0 to 55 basis points for the Revolving Facility and 0 to 75 basis points for the Delayed Draw Facility, based on Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s credit rating. The 2017 Credit Facility also contains a competitive bid option for up to 65% of

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the Revolving Facility that allows banks that are part of the lender consortium to bid to make loan advances to Boston Properties Limited Partnership at a reduced interest rate.
In addition, Boston Properties Limited Partnership is obligated to pay (1) in quarterly installments a facility fee on the total commitment under the Revolving Facility at a rate per annum ranging from 0.10% to 0.30% based on Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s credit rating, (2) an annual fee on the undrawn amount of each letter of credit equal to the LIBOR margin on the Revolving Facility and (3) a fee on the unused commitments under the Delayed Draw Facility equal to 0.15% per annum.
date. Based on Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s current credit rating, (1) the applicable Eurocurrency margins for the Revolving Facility and Delayed Draw Facility are 87.582.5 basis points and 9590 basis points, respectively, (2) the alternate base rate margin is 0 basis points for each of the Revolving Facility and Delayed Draw Facility and (3)(2) the facility fee on the Revolving Facility commitment is 0.15%0.125% per annum.
The 2017 Credit Facility contains customary representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants and events of default provisions, including failure to pay indebtedness, breaches of covenants, and bankruptcy and other insolvency events, which could result in the acceleration of all amounts and cancellation of all commitments outstanding under the Credit Agreement. Among other covenants, the 2017 Credit Facility requires thatOn April 24, 2018, Boston Properties Limited Partnership maintainexercised its option to draw $500.0 million on an ongoing basis: (1)its Delayed Draw Facility. The Delayed Draw Facility bears interest at a leverage ratio notvariable rate equal to exceed 60%, however,LIBOR plus 0.90% per annum based on Boston Properties Limited Partnership's current credit rating and matures on April 24, 2022.
As of June 30, 2018, Boston Properties Limited Partnership had $500.0 million of borrowings outstanding under its Delayed Draw Facility, no borrowings outstanding under its Revolving Facility and outstanding letters of credit totaling approximately $1.6 million, with the leverage ratio may increaseability to no greater than 65% provided that it is reduced back to 60% within one year, (2) a secured debt leverage ratio not to exceed 55%, (3) a fixed charge coverage ratio of at least 1.40, (4) an unsecured debt leverage ratio not to exceed 60%, however, the unsecured debt leverage ratio may increase to no greater than 65% provided that it is reduced to 60% within one year, (5) an unsecured debt interest coverage ratio of at least 1.75 and (6) limitations on permitted investments.borrow approximately $1.5 billion.
6. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
During the year ended December 31, 2015, Boston Properties Limited Partnership commenced a planned interest rate hedging program and entered into 17 forward-starting interest rate swap contracts that fixed the 10-year swap rate at a weighted-average rate of approximately 2.423% per annum on notional amounts aggregating $550.0 million. These interest rate swap contracts were entered into in advance of a financing with a target commencement date in September 2016 and maturity in September 2026. On August 17, 2016, in conjunction with Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s offering of its 2.750% senior unsecured notes due 2026, the Company terminated the forward-starting interest rate swap contracts and cash-settled the contracts by making cash payments to the counterparties aggregating approximately $49.3 million. The Company recognized approximately $0.1 million of losses on interest rate contracts during the year ended December 31, 2016 related to the partial ineffectiveness of the interest rate contracts. The Company is reclassifying into earnings, as an increase to interest expense, approximately $49.2 million (or approximately $4.9 million per year over the 10-year term of the 2.750% senior unsecured notes due 2026) of the amounts recorded in the consolidated balance sheets within accumulated other comprehensive loss, which represents the effective portion of the applicable interest rate contracts. In addition, 767 Fifth Partners LLC, which is a subsidiary of the consolidated entity in which the Company has a 60% interest and owns 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) in New York City, entered into 16 forward-starting interest rate swap contracts (including two contracts entered into during the six months ended June 30, 2016 with notional amounts aggregating $50.0 million) that fix the 10-year swap rate at a weighted-average rate of approximately 2.619% per annum on notional amounts aggregating $450.0 million. These interest rate swap contracts were entered into in advance of a financing with a target commencement date in June 2017 and maturity in June 2027. On April 24, 2017, the consolidated entity that owns 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) located in New York City entered into an interest rate lock and commitment agreement with a group of lenders on a ten-year financing totaling $2.3 billion at a fixed interest rate of 3.43% per annum (See Note 5). In conjunction with the interest rate lock and commitment agreement, 767 Fifth Partners LLC terminated the forward-starting interest rate swap contracts and cash-settled the contracts by making cash payments to the counterparties aggregating approximately $14.4 million. 767 Fifth Partners LLC did not record any hedge ineffectiveness. The Company is reclassifying into earnings, as an increase to interest expense, approximately $14.4 million (or approximately $1.4 million per year over the 10-year term of the financing) of the amounts recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets within Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, which represents the effective portion of the applicable interest rate contracts.

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767 Fifth Partners LLC’s interest rate swap contracts consisted of the following at December 31, 2016 (dollars in thousands):
Derivative Instrument Aggregate Notional Amount Effective Date Maturity Date Strike Rate Range Balance Sheet Location Fair Value
    Low High  
             
Interest Rate Swaps $350,000
 June 7, 2017 June 7, 2027 2.418%-2.950% Other Liabilities $(8,773)
Interest Rate Swaps 100,000
 June 7, 2017 June 7, 2027 2.336%-2.388% Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets 509
  $450,000
           $(8,264)
Boston Properties Limited Partnership entered into the interest rate swap contracts designated and qualifying as cash flow hedges to reduce its exposure to the variability in future cash flows attributable to changes in the 10-year swap rate in contemplation of obtaining 10-year fixed-rate financing in September 2016. The Company’s 767 Fifth Partners LLC consolidated entity entered into the interest rate swap contracts designated and qualifying as cash flow hedges to reduce its exposure to the variability in future cash flows attributable to changes in the 10-year swap rate in contemplation of obtaining 10-year fixed-rate financing in June 2017. Boston Properties Limited Partnership has formally documented all of its relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk-management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. Boston Properties Limited Partnership also assesses and documents, both at the hedging instrument’s inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in cash flows associated with the hedged items. All components of the forward-starting interest rate swap contracts were included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness. The Company accounts for the effective portion of changes in the fair value of a derivative in accumulated other comprehensive loss and subsequently reclassifies the effective portion to earnings over the term that the hedged transaction affects earnings. The Company accounts for the ineffective portion of changes in the fair value of a derivative directly in earnings. The Company classifies cash flows related to derivative instruments within its Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows consistent with the nature of the hedged item.
The following table presents the location in the financial statements of the losses recognized related to the Company’s cash flow hedges for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016:
  Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
  2017 2016 2017 2016
  (in thousands)
Amount of loss related to the effective portion recognized in other comprehensive loss $(6,313) $(32,351) $(6,133) $(90,997)
Amount of loss related to the effective portion subsequently reclassified to earnings $(1,397) $(628) $(2,703) $(1,255)
Amount of loss related to the ineffective portion and amount excluded from effectiveness testing $
 $
 $
 $

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Boston Properties, Inc.
The following table reflects the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):
Balance at December 31, 2016 $(52,251)
Effective portion of interest rate contracts (6,133)
Amortization of interest rate contracts 2,703
Other comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests 2,520
Balance at June 30, 2017 $(53,161)
   
Balance at December 31, 2015 $(14,114)
Effective portion of interest rate contracts (90,997)
Amortization of interest rate contracts 1,255
Other comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests 24,108
Balance at June 30, 2016 $(79,748)
Boston Properties Limited Partnership
The following table reflects the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):
Balance at December 31, 2016 $(60,853)
Effective portion of interest rate contracts (6,133)
Amortization of interest rate contracts 2,703
Other comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests 2,416
Balance at June 30, 2017 $(61,867)
   
Balance at December 31, 2015 $(18,337)
Effective portion of interest rate contracts (90,997)
Amortization of interest rate contracts 1,255
Other comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests 16,547
Balance at June 30, 2016 $(91,532)

7. Commitments and Contingencies
General
In the normal course of business, the Company guarantees its performance of services or indemnifies third parties against its negligence. In addition, in the normal course of business, the Company guarantees to certain tenants the obligations of its subsidiaries for the payment of tenant improvement allowances and brokerage commissions in connection with their leases and limited costs arising from delays in delivery of their premises. 
The Company has letter of credit and performance obligations related to lender and development requirements that total approximately $7.4$9.3 million.
Certain of the Company’s joint venture agreements include provisions whereby, at certain specified times, each partner has the right to initiate a purchase or sale of its interest in the joint ventures. With limited exception, under these provisions, the Company is not compelled to purchase the interest of its outside joint venture partners. Under

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From time to time, under certain of the Company’s joint venture agreements, if certain return thresholds are achieved, either the Company or its partners will be entitled to an additional promoted interest or payments.

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See also Note 7.
From time to time, the Company (or ventures in which the Company has an ownership interest) has agreed, and may in the future agree, to (1) guarantee portions of the principal, interest and other amounts in connection with their borrowings, (2) provide customary environmental indemnifications and nonrecourse carve-outs (e.g., guarantees against fraud, misrepresentation and bankruptcy) in connection with their borrowings and (3) provide guarantees to lenders, tenants and other third parties for the completion of development projects. The Company has agreements with its outside partners whereby the partners agree to reimburse the joint venture for their share of any payments made under the guarantee. In some cases, the Company earns a fee from the applicable joint venture for providing the guarantee.
In connection with the refinancing of 767 Fifth Avenue’s (the General Motors Building) secured loan by the Company’s consolidated joint venture entity, 767 Venture, LLC, the Company guaranteed the consolidated entity’s obligation to fund various reserves for tenant improvement costs and allowances, leasing commissions and free rent obligations in lieu of cash deposits. As of June 30, 2017,2018, the maximum funding obligation under the guarantee was approximately $263.8$144.7 million. The Company earns a fee from the joint venture for providing the guarantee and has an agreement with the outside partners to reimburse the joint venture for their share of any payments made under the guarantee. As of June 30, 2017,2018, no amounts related to the guarantee are recorded as liabilities in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Pursuant to the lease agreement with Marriott, the Company has guaranteed the completion of the office building and parking garage on behalf of its 7750 Wisconsin Avenue joint venture and has also agreed to provide any financing guaranty that may be required with respect to third-party construction financing.  The Company earns fees from the joint venture for providing the guarantees and any amounts the Company pays under the guarantee(s) will be deemed to be capital contributions by the Company to the joint venture.  The Company has also agreed to fund construction costs through capital contributions to the joint venture in the event of unavailability or insufficiency of third-party construction financing.  In addition, the Company has guaranteed to Marriott, as hotel manager, the completion of a hotel being developed by an affiliate of The Bernstein Companies (the Company's partner in the 7750 Wisconsin Avenue joint venture) adjacent to the office property, for which the Company earns a fee from the affiliate of The Bernstein Companies.  In addition, the Company entered into agreements with affiliates of The Bernstein Companies whereby the Company could be required to act as a mezzanine and/or mortgage lender and finance the construction of the hotel property.  To secure such financing arrangements, affiliates of The Bernstein Companies are required to provide certain security, which varies depending on the specific loan, by pledges of their equity interest in the office property, a fee mortgage on the hotel property, or both. As of June 30, 2018, no amounts related to the contingent aspect of any of the guarantees are recorded as liabilities in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In 2009, the Company filed a general unsecured creditor’s claim against Lehman Brothers, Inc. for approximately $45.3 million related to its rejection of a lease at 399 Park Avenue in New York City. On January 10, 2014, the trustee for the liquidation of the business of Lehman Brothers allowed the Company’s claim in the amount of approximately $45.2 million. During 2014, 2015 and 2015,2016, the Company received distributions of approximately $7.7 million, and $8.1 million respectively. On July 5, 2016, the Company received a fourth interim distribution totaling approximatelyand $1.4 million.million, respectively. On May 19, 2017, the Company received a fifth interim distribution totaling approximately $0.4 million, leaving a remaining claim of approximately $27.6 million. The Company will continue to evaluate whether to attempt to sell the remaining claim or wait until the trustee distributes proceeds from the Lehman Brothers estate. Given the inherent uncertainties in bankruptcy proceedings, there can be no assurance as to the timing or amount of additional proceeds, if any, that the Company may ultimately realize on the remaining claim, whether by sale to a third party or by one or more distributions from the trustee. Accordingly, the Company has not recorded any estimated recoveries associated with this gain contingency within its Consolidated Financial Statements at June 30, 2017.2018.
Insurance
The Company carries insurance coverage on its properties, including those under development, of types and in amounts and with deductibles that it believes are in line with coverage customarily obtained by owners of similar properties. Certain properties owned in joint ventures with third parties are insured by the third party partner with insurance coverage of types and in amounts and with deductibles the Company believes are in line with coverage customarily obtained by owners of similar properties. In response to the uncertainty in the insurance market following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, the Federal Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (as amended, “TRIA”) was enacted in November 2002 to require regulated insurers to make available coverage for “certified” acts of terrorism (as defined by the statute). The expiration date of TRIA was extended to December 31, 2014 by the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2007 and further extended to December 31, 2020 by the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2015 (“TRIPRA”), and the Company can provide no assurance that it will be extended further. Currently, the Company’s property insurance program per occurrence limits are $1.0 billion for its portfolio insurance program, including coverage for acts of terrorism other than nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological terrorism (“Terrorism Coverage”). The Company also carries $250 million of Terrorism Coverage for 601 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York (“601 Lexington Avenue”) in excess of the $1.0 billion of coverage in the Company’s property insurance program. Certain properties, including the General Motors Building located at 767 Fifth Avenue in New York, New York (“767 Fifth Avenue”), are currently insured in separate insurance programs. The property insurance

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program per occurrence limits for 767 Fifth Avenue are $1.625 billion, including Terrorism Coverage. The Company also currently carries nuclear, biological, chemical and radiological terrorism insurance coverage for acts of terrorism certified under TRIAthe Federal Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (as amended, “TRIA”) (“NBCR Coverage”), which is provided by IXP as a direct insurer, for the properties in ourthe Company's portfolio, including 767 Fifth Avenue, but excluding certain other properties owned in joint ventures with third parties or which the Company manages. The per occurrence limit for NBCR Coverage is $1.0 billion. Under TRIA, after the payment of the required deductible and coinsurance, the NBCR Coverage provided by IXP is backstopped by the Federal Government if the aggregate industry insured losses resulting from a certified act of terrorism exceed a “program trigger.” In 2017,2018, the program trigger is $140$160 million and the coinsurance is 17%18%, however, both will increase in subsequent years pursuant to TRIPRA.TRIA. If the Federal Government pays out for a loss under TRIA, it is mandatory that the Federal Government recoup the full amount of the loss from insurers offering TRIA coverage after the payment of the loss pursuant to a formula in TRIPRA.TRIA. The Company may elect to terminate the NBCR Coverage if the Federal Government seeks recoupment for losses paid under TRIA, if TRIA is not extended after its expiration on December 31, 2020, if there is a change in its portfolio or for any other reason. The Company intends to continue to monitor the scope, nature and cost of available terrorism insurance and maintain terrorism insurance in amounts and on terms that are commercially reasonable.

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insurance.
The Company also currently carries earthquake insurance on its properties located in areas known to be subject to earthquakes in an amount and subject to self-insurance that the Company believes is commercially reasonable.earthquakes. In addition, this insurance is subject to a deductible in the amount of 3% of the value of the affected property. Specifically, the Company currently carries earthquake insurance which covers its San Francisco (including Salesforce Tower) and Los Angeles regions with a $240 million (increased from $170 million on March 1, 2017) per occurrence limit, and a $240 million (increased from $170 million on March 1, 2017) annual aggregate limit, $20 million of which is provided by IXP, as a direct insurer. Prior to March 1, 2017, the builders risk policy maintained for the development of Salesforce Tower in San Francisco included a $60 million per occurrence and annual aggregate limit of earthquake coverage. The amount of the Company’s earthquake insurance coverage may not be sufficient to cover losses from earthquakes. In addition, the amount of earthquake coverage could impact the Company’s ability to finance properties subject to earthquake risk. The Company may discontinue earthquake insurance or change the structure of its earthquake insurance program on some or all of its properties in the future if the premiums exceed the Company’s estimation of the value of the coverage.
IXP, a captive insurance company which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, acts as a direct insurer with respect to a portion of the Company’s earthquake insurance coverage for its Greater San Francisco and Los Angeles properties and the Company’s NBCR Coverage. Insofar as the Company owns IXP, it is responsible for its liquidity and capital resources, and the accounts of IXP are part of the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In particular, if a loss occurs which is covered by the Company’s NBCR Coverage but is less than the applicable program trigger under TRIA, IXP would be responsible for the full amount of the loss without any backstop by the Federal Government. IXP would also be responsible for any recoupment charges by the Federal Government in the event losses are paid out and its insurance policy is maintained after the payout by the Federal Government. If the Company experiences a loss and IXP is required to pay under its insurance policy, the Company would ultimately record the loss to the extent of the required payment. Therefore, insurance coverage provided by IXP should not be considered as the equivalent of third-party insurance, but rather as a modified form of self-insurance. In addition, Boston Properties Limited Partnership has issued a guarantee to cover liabilities of IXP in the amount of $20.0 million.
The mortgages on the Company’s properties typically contain requirements concerning the financial ratings of the insurers who provide policies covering the property. The Company provides the lenders on a regular basis with the identity of the insurance companies in the Company’s insurance programs. The ratings of some of the Company’s insurers are below the rating requirements in some of the Company’s loan agreements and the lenders for these loans could attempt to claim that an event of default has occurred under the loan. The Company believes it could obtain insurance with insurers which satisfy the rating requirements. Additionally, in the future, the Company’s ability to obtain debt financing secured by individual properties, or the terms of such financing, may be adversely affected if lenders generally insist on ratings for insurers or amounts of insurance which are difficult to obtain or which result in a commercially unreasonable premium. There can be no assurance that a deficiency in the financial ratings of one or more of the Company’s insurers will not have a material adverse effect on the Company.
The Company continues to monitor the state of the insurance market in general, and the scope and costs of coverage for acts of terrorism and California earthquake risk in particular, but the Company cannot anticipate what coverage will be available on commercially reasonable terms in future policy years. There are other types of losses, such as from wars, for which the Company cannot obtain insurance at all or at a reasonable cost. With respect to such losses and losses from acts of terrorism, earthquakes or other catastrophic events, if the Company experiences a loss that is uninsured or that exceeds policy limits, the Company could lose the capital invested in the damaged properties, as well as the anticipated future revenues from those properties. Depending on the specific circumstances of each affected property, it is possible that the Company could be liable for mortgage

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indebtedness or other obligations related to the property. Any such loss could materially and adversely affect the Company’s business and financial condition and results of operations.
8.7. Noncontrolling Interests
Noncontrolling interests relate to the interests in Boston Properties Limited Partnership not owned by Boston Properties, Inc. and interests in consolidated property partnerships not wholly-owned by the Company. As of June 30, 2017,2018, the noncontrolling interests in Boston Properties Limited Partnership consisted of 16,823,68516,831,182 OP Units, 816,982992,387 LTIP Units (including 118,067 2012 OPP Units, 85,40568,889 2013 MYLTIP Units, and 25,10723,187 2014 MYLTIP Units), 366,618Units and 28,724 2015 MYLTIP Units, 473,360Units), 471,579 2016 MYLTIP Units, 398,871 2017 MYLTIP Units and 400,000 2017341,366 2018 MYLTIP Units held by parties other than Boston Properties, Inc.
Noncontrolling Interest—Common Units
During the six months ended June 30, 2017, 481,2612018, 34,741 OP Units were presented by the holders for redemption (including 22,11031,741 OP Units issued upon conversion of LTIP Units, 2012 OPP Units, 2013 MYLTIP Units and 2014 MYLTIP Units) and were redeemed by Boston Properties, Inc. in exchange for an equal number of shares of Common Stock.

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At June 30, 2017,2018, Boston Properties Limited Partnership had outstanding 366,618 2015 MYLTIP Units, 473,360471,579 2016 MYLTIP Units, 398,871 2017 MYLTIP Units and 400,000 2017341,366 2018 MYLTIP Units. Prior to the applicable measurement date (February 4, 2018 for 2015 MYLTIP Units, February 9, 2019 for 2016 MYLTIP Units, and February 6, 2020 for 2017 MYLTIP Units and February 5, 2021 for the 2018 MYLTIP Units), holders of MYLTIP Units will be entitled to receive per unit distributions equal to one-tenth (10%) of the regular quarterly distributions payable on an OP Unit, but will not be entitled to receive any special distributions. After the measurement date, the number of MYLTIP Units, both vested and unvested, that MYLTIP award recipients have earned, if any, based on the establishment of a performance pool, will be entitled to receive distributions in an amount per unit equal to distributions, both regular and special, payable on an OP Unit.
On February 3, 2017,4, 2018, the measurement period for the Company’s 20142015 MYLTIP awards ended and, based on Boston Properties, Inc.’s relative TSR performance, the final awards were determined to be 27.7%22.0% of target or an aggregate of approximately $3.5$3.6 million (after giving effect to voluntary employee separations and the unallocated reserve)separations). As a result, an aggregate of 447,386 2014337,847 2015 MYLTIP Units that had been previously granted were automatically forfeited.
The following table presents Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s distributions on the OP Units and LTIP Units (including the 2012 OPP Units, 2013 MYLTIP Units and 20132014 MYLTIP Units and, after the February 3, 20174, 2018 measurement date, the 20142015 MYLTIP Units) and its distributions on the 20142015 MYLTIP Units (prior to the February 3, 20174, 2018 measurement date), 2015 MYLTIP Units, 2016 MYLTIP Units, 2017 MYLTIP Units and 20172018 MYLTIP Units (after the February 7, 20176, 2018 issuance date) paid in 2017:2018:
Record Date Payment Date Distributions per OP Unit and LTIP Unit Distributions per MYLTIP Unit
June 30, 2017 July 31, 2017 
$0.75
 
$0.075
March 31, 2017 April 28, 2017 
$0.75
 
$0.075
December 31, 2016 January 30, 2017 
$0.75
 
$0.075
Record Date Payment Date Distributions per OP Unit and LTIP Unit Distributions per MYLTIP Unit
June 29, 2018 July 31, 2018 
$0.80
 
$0.080
March 29, 2018 April 30, 2018 
$0.80
 
$0.080
December 29, 2017 January 30, 2018 
$0.80
 
$0.080
A holder of an OP Unit may present the OP Unit to Boston Properties Limited Partnership for redemption at any time (subject to restrictions agreed upon at the time of issuance of OP Units to particular holders that may restrict such redemption right for a period of time, generally one year from issuance). Upon presentation of an OP Unit for redemption, Boston Properties Limited Partnership must redeem the OP Unit for cash equal to the then value of a share of common stock of Boston Properties, Inc. Boston Properties, Inc. may, in its sole discretion, elect to assume and satisfy the redemption obligation by paying either cash or issuing one share of Common Stock. The value of the OP Units not owned by Boston Properties, Inc. and LTIP Units (including the 2012 OPP Units, 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units and 20142015 MYLTIP Units), assuming that all conditions had been met for the conversion thereof, had all of such units been redeemed at June 30, 20172018 was approximately $2.2$2.2 billion based on the last reported price of a share of Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange of $123.02$125.42 per share on June 30, 2017.29, 2018.

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Boston Properties Limited Partnership
The following table reflects the activity of noncontrolling interests—redeemable partnership units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 20162017 (in thousands):
Balance at December 31, 2017$2,292,263
Contributions34,973
Net income35,311
Distributions(28,708)
Conversion of redeemable partnership units(1,196)
Unearned compensation(13,443)
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle563
Other comprehensive income310
Adjustment to reflect redeemable partnership units at redemption value(84,641)
Balance at June 30, 2018$2,235,432
 
Balance at December 31, 2016$2,262,040
$2,262,040
Contributions31,532
31,532
Net income26,933
26,933
Distributions(26,977)(26,977)
Conversion of redeemable partnership units(16,422)(16,422)
Unearned compensation(12,344)(12,344)
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle(1,763)(1,763)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(104)
Other comprehensive loss(104)
Adjustment to reflect redeemable partnership units at redemption value(92,740)(92,740)
Balance at June 30, 2017$2,170,155
$2,170,155
 
Balance at December 31, 2015$2,286,689
Contributions31,494
Net income32,771
Distributions(23,713)
Conversion of redeemable partnership units(2,664)
Unearned compensation(16,617)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(7,561)
Adjustment to reflect redeemable partnership units at redemption value86,626
Balance at June 30, 2016$2,387,025
Noncontrolling Interests—Property Partnerships
The noncontrolling interests in property partnerships consist of the outside equity interests in ventures that are consolidated with the financial results of the Company because the Company exercises control over the entities that own the properties. The equity interests in these ventures that are not owned by the Company, totaling approximately $1.7$1.7 billion at June 30, 20172018 and $1.5 billion at December 31, 2016,2017, are included in Noncontrolling Interests—Property Partnerships in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.
On May 12, 2016, the partners in the Company’s consolidated entity that owns Salesforce Tower located in San Francisco, California amended the venture agreement. Under the original venture agreement, if the Company elects to fund the construction of Salesforce Tower without a construction loan (or a construction loan of less than 50% of project costs) and the venture has commenced vertical construction of the project, then the partner’s capital funding obligation shall be limited, in which event the Company shall fund up to 2.5% of the total project costs (i.e., 50% of the partner’s 5% interest in the venture) in the form of a loan to the partner. This loan would bear interest at the then prevailing market interest rates for construction loans. Under the amended agreement, the partners have agreed to structure this funding by the Company as preferred equity rather than a loan. The preferred equity contributed by the Company shall earnearns a preferred return equal to LIBOR plus 3.00% per annum and shall beis payable to the Company out of any distributions to which the partner would otherwise be entitled until such preferred equity and preferred return have been repaid to the Company. As of June 30, 2017,2018, the Company had contributed an aggregate of approximately $13.5$20.7 million of preferred equity to the venture.
On June 6, 2017, in conjunction with Also, under the refinancingjoint venture agreement, (a) from and after the stabilization date, the partner has the right to cause the Company to purchase all (but not less than all) of the indebtednesspartner’s interest and (b) from and after the third anniversary of the Company’s consolidated entity in which itstabilization date, the Company has a 60% interest and that owns 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) located in New York City, the membersright to acquire all (but not less than all) of the consolidated entity amendedpartner’s interest, in each case at an agreed upon purchase price or appraised value.  In addition, if certain threshold returns are achieved the limited liability companypartner will be entitled to receive an additional promoted interest.  The term stabilization date is defined in the agreement to provide forgenerally mean the contribution of the remaining unpaid principal balance of the members’ notes payable totaling approximately $273.9 million (offirst date after completion upon which the Company’s share of approximately $164.4 millionSalesforce Tower is eliminated in consolidation)(1) at least 90% leased and (2) 50% occupied by tenants that are paying rent.  The stabilization date is expected to equityoccur in the consolidated entity, resulting in an increasesecond half of approximately $109.6 million to Noncontrolling Interests in Property Partnerships on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets (See Note 5). There were no changes to the ownership interests or rights of the members as a result of the amendment.2018.

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The following table reflects the activity of the noncontrolling interests in property partnerships for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 20162017 (in thousands):
Balance at December 31, 2017$1,683,760
Capital contributions (1)27,532
Net income31,634
Accumulated other comprehensive income288
Distributions(44,033)
Balance at June 30, 2018$1,699,181
 
Balance at December 31, 2016$1,530,647
$1,530,647
Capital contributions (1)133,072
Capital contributions133,072
Net income19,627
19,627
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(2,416)(2,416)
Distributions(26,949)(26,949)
Balance at June 30, 2017$1,653,981
$1,653,981
 
Balance at December 31, 2015$1,574,400
Capital contributions3,720
Net income17,278
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(16,547)
Distributions(25,914)
Balance at June 30, 2016$1,552,937
 _______________
(1)Includes the contribution of the remaining unpaid principal balance of the members’ notes payable totaling $109,576 to equity in the consolidated entity that owns 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building).

9.8. Stockholders’ Equity / Partners’ Capital
As of June 30, 2017,2018, Boston Properties, Inc. had 154,307,529154,411,529 shares of Common Stock outstanding.
As of June 30, 2017,2018, Boston Properties, Inc. owned 1,719,4821,722,351 general partnership units and 152,588,047152,689,178 limited partnership units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership.
On June 2, 2017, Boston Properties, Inc. renewed its “at the market” (“ATM”) stock offering program through which it may sell from time to time up to an aggregate of $600.0 million of its common stock through sales agents over a three-year period. This program replacesreplaced the Company’s prior $600.0 million ATM stock offering program that was scheduled to expire on June 3, 2017. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from any offering for general business purposes, which may include investment opportunities and debt reduction. No shares of common stock have been issued under this ATM stock offering program.
During the six months ended June 30, 2017,2018, Boston Properties, Inc. issued 481,26134,741 shares of Common Stock in connection with the redemption of an equal number of redeemable OP Units from third parties.limited partners.
The following table presents Boston Properties, Inc.’s dividends per share and Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s distributions per OP Unit and LTIP Unit paid in 2017:2018:
Record Date Payment Date Dividend (Per Share)
 Distribution (Per Unit)
June 30, 2017 July 31, 2017 
$0.75
 
$0.75
March 31, 2017 April 28, 2017 
$0.75
 
$0.75
December 31, 2016 January 30, 2017 
$0.75
 
$0.75

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Record Date Payment Date Dividend (Per Share)
 Distribution (Per Unit)
June 29, 2018 July 31, 2018 
$0.80
 
$0.80
March 29, 2018 April 30, 2018 
$0.80
 
$0.80
December 29, 2017 January 30, 2018 
$0.80
 
$0.80
Preferred Stock
As of June 30, 2017,2018, Boston Properties, Inc. had 80,000 shares (8,000,000 depositary shares each representing 1/100th of a share) outstanding of its 5.25% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock with a liquidation preference of $2,500.00 per share ($25.00 per depositary share). Boston Properties, Inc. pays cumulative cash dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock at a rate of 5.25% per annum of the $2,500.00$2,500.00 liquidation preference per share. Boston Properties, Inc. maydid not have the right to redeem the Series B Preferred Stock prior to March 27, 2018, except in certain circumstances relating to the preservation of Boston Properties, Inc.’s REIT status. On orand after March 27, 2018, Boston Properties, Inc., at its option, may redeem the Series B Preferred Stock for a cash redemption price of $2,500.00$2,500.00 per share ($($25.00 per depositary share), plus all accrued and unpaid dividends. The Series B Preferred Stock is not redeemable by the holders, has no maturity date and is not convertible into any other security of Boston Properties, Inc. or its affiliates.

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The following table presents Boston Properties Inc.’s dividends per share on its outstanding Series B Preferred Stock paid during 2017:2018:
Record Date Payment Date Dividend (Per Share)
August 4, 20173, 2018 August 15, 20172018 
$32.8125
May 5, 20174, 2018 May 15, 20172018 
$32.8125
February 3, 20172, 2018 February 15, 20172018 
$32.8125

10.9. Earnings Per Share / Common Unit
Boston Properties, Inc.
The following table provides a reconciliation of both the net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and the number of common shares used in the computation of basic earnings per share (“EPS”), which is calculated by dividing net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are also participating securities. As such, unvested restricted common stock of the Company,Boston Properties, Inc. and Boston Properties Limited Partnership's LTIP Units, 2012 OPP Units and MYLTIP Units are considered participating securities. Participating securities are included in the computation of basic EPS of the CompanyBoston Properties, Inc. using the two-class method. Participating securities are included in the computation of diluted EPS of the CompanyBoston Properties, Inc. using the if-converted method if the impact is dilutive. Because the 2012 OPP Units, 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units and 20142015 MYLTIP Units required, and the 2015-20172016-2018 MYLTIP Units require, the CompanyBoston Properties, Inc. to outperform absolute and relative return thresholds, unless such thresholds have been met by the end of the applicable reporting period, the CompanyBoston Properties, Inc. excludes such units from the diluted EPS calculation. Other potentially dilutive common shares, including stock options, restricted stock and other securities of Boston Properties Limited Partnership that are exchangeable for the Boston Properties, Inc.’s Common Stock, and the related impact on earnings, are considered when calculating diluted EPS.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2017Three months ended June 30, 2018
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per Share
Amount
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per Share
Amount
(in thousands, except for per share amounts)(in thousands, except for per share amounts)
Basic Earnings:          
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$133,709
 154,177
 $0.87
$128,681
 154,415
 $0.83
Allocation of undistributed earnings to participating securities(43) 
 
(16) 
 
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$133,666
 154,177
 $0.87
$128,665
 154,415
 $0.83
Effect of Dilutive Securities:          
Stock Based Compensation
 154
 

 156
 
Diluted Earnings:          
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$133,666
 154,331
 $0.87
$128,665
 154,571
 $0.83
          
Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per Share
Amount
(in thousands, except for per share amounts)
Basic Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$96,597
 153,662
 $0.63
Effect of Dilutive Securities:     
Stock Based Compensation
 198
 
Diluted Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$96,597
 153,860
 $0.63
     
Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per Share
Amount
(in thousands, except for per share amounts)
Basic Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$230,764
 154,019
 $1.50
Allocation of undistributed earnings to participating securities(9) 
 
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$230,755
 154,019
 $1.50
Effect of Dilutive Securities:     
Stock Based Compensation
 254
 
Diluted Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$230,755
 154,273
 $1.50
     

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 Three months ended June 30, 2017
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per Share
Amount
 (in thousands, except for per share amounts)
Basic Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$133,709
 154,177
 $0.87
Allocation of undistributed earnings to participating securities(43) 
 
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$133,666
 154,177
 $0.87
Effect of Dilutive Securities:     
Stock Based Compensation
 154
 
Diluted Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$133,666
 154,331
 $0.87
      
 Six months ended June 30, 2018
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per Share
Amount
 (in thousands, except for per share amounts)
Basic Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$304,682
 154,400
 $1.97
Allocation of undistributed earnings to participating securities(142) 
 
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$304,540
 154,400
 $1.97
Effect of Dilutive Securities:     
Stock Based Compensation
 238
 
Diluted Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$304,540
 154,638
 $1.97
      
 Six months ended June 30, 2017
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per Share
Amount
 (in thousands, except for per share amounts)
Basic Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$230,764
 154,019
 $1.50
Allocation of undistributed earnings to participating securities(9) 
 
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$230,755
 154,019
 $1.50
Effect of Dilutive Securities:     
Stock Based Compensation
 254
 
Diluted Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$230,755
 154,273
 $1.50

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 Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per Share
Amount
 (in thousands, except for per share amounts)
Basic Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$278,323
 153,644
 $1.81
Allocation of undistributed earnings to participating securities(241) 
 
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$278,082
 153,644
 $1.81
Effect of Dilutive Securities:     
Stock Based Compensation
 245
 
Diluted Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$278,082
 153,889
 $1.81
Boston Properties Limited Partnership
The following table provides a reconciliation of both the net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders and the number of common units used in the computation of basic earnings per common unit, which is calculated by dividing net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders by the weighted-average number of common units outstanding during the period. Unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are also participating securities. As such, unvested restricted common stock of Boston Properties, Inc. and Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s LTIP Units, 2012 OPP Units and MYLTIP Units are considered participating securities. Participating securities are included in the computation of basic earnings per common unit using the two-class method. Participating securities are included in the computation of diluted earnings per common unit using the if-converted method if the impact is dilutive. Because the 2012 OPP Units, 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units and 20142015 MYLTIP Units required, and the 2015-20172016-2018 MYLTIP Units require, Boston Properties, Inc. to outperform absolute and relative return thresholds, unless such thresholds have been met by the end of the applicable reporting period, Boston Properties Limited Partnership excludes such units from the diluted earnings per common unit calculation. Other potentially dilutive common units and the related impact on earnings are considered when calculating diluted earnings per common unit. Included in the number of units (the denominator) below are approximately 17,498,00017,501,000 and 17,708,00017,498,000 redeemable common units for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively, and 17,609,00017,492,000 and 17,695,00017,609,000 redeemable common units for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2017Three months ended June 30, 2018
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
 
Per Unit
Amount
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
 
Per Unit
Amount
(in thousands, except for per unit amounts)(in thousands, except for per unit amounts)
Basic Earnings:          
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$151,844
 171,675
 $0.88
$145,961
 171,916
 $0.85
Allocation of undistributed earnings to participating securities(48) 
 
(18) 
 
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$151,796
 171,675
 $0.88
$145,943
 171,916
 $0.85
Effect of Dilutive Securities:          
Stock Based Compensation
 154
 

 156
 
Diluted Earnings:          
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$151,796
 171,829
 $0.88
$145,943
 172,072
 $0.85
     

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Three Months Ended June 30, 2016Three months ended June 30, 2017
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
 
Per Unit
Amount
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
 
Per Unit
Amount
(in thousands, except for per unit amounts)(in thousands, except for per unit amounts)
Basic Earnings:          
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$151,844
 171,675
 $0.88
Allocation of undistributed earnings to participating securities(48) 
 
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$109,938
 171,370
 $0.64
$151,796
 171,675
 $0.88
Effect of Dilutive Securities:          
Stock Based Compensation
 198
 

 154
 
Diluted Earnings:          
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$109,938
 171,568
 $0.64
$151,796
 171,829
 $0.88
          
Six Months Ended June 30, 2017Six months ended June 30, 2018
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
 
Per Unit
Amount
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
 
Per Unit
Amount
(in thousands, except for per unit amounts)(in thousands, except for per unit amounts)
Basic Earnings:          
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$262,506
 171,628
 $1.53
$346,868
 171,892
 $2.02
Allocation of undistributed earnings to participating securities(10) 
 
(158) 
 
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$262,496
 171,628
 $1.53
$346,710
 171,892
 $2.02
Effect of Dilutive Securities:          
Stock Based Compensation
 254
 

 238
 (0.01)
Diluted Earnings:          
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$262,496
 171,882
 $1.53
$346,710
 172,130
 $2.01
          
Six Months Ended June 30, 2016Six months ended June 30, 2017
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
 
Per Unit
Amount
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
 
Per Unit
Amount
(in thousands, except for per unit amounts)(in thousands, except for per unit amounts)
Basic Earnings:          
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$317,234
 171,339
 $1.85
$262,506
 171,628
 $1.53
Allocation of undistributed earnings to participating securities(269) 
 
(10) 
 
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$316,965
 171,339
 $1.85
$262,496
 171,628
 $1.53
Effect of Dilutive Securities:          
Stock Based Compensation
 245
 

 254
 
Diluted Earnings:          
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$316,965
 171,584
 $1.85
$262,496
 171,882
 $1.53
          

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11.10. Stock Option and Incentive Plan
On January 25, 2017,February 6, 2018, Boston Properties, Inc.’s Compensation Committee approved the 20172018 MYLTIP awards under Boston Properties, Inc.’s 2012 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “2012 Plan”"2012 Plan") to certain officers and employees of Boston Properties, Inc. The 20172018 MYLTIP awards utilize Boston Properties, Inc.’s total stockholder return (“TSR”)TSR over a three-year measurement period, on an annualized, compounded basis, as the performance metric. Earned awards will be based on Boston

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Properties, Inc.’s TSR relative to (i) the Cohen & Steers Realty Majors Portfolio Index (50% weight) and (ii) the NAREITNareit Office Index adjusted to include Vornado Realty Trust (50% weight). EarnedFor 2018 MYLTIP awards, levels of payout opportunity will range from zero for relative TSR performance that is at least 1,000 basis points below the index, 100% of target if the Company's TSR equals the index return, 200% of target if the Company's TSR is equal to or greater than 1,000 basis points above the index to a maximum of approximately $42.7 million200% of target value, on a straight-line basis, depending on Boston Properties, Inc.’s TSR relative to the two indices, with four tiers (threshold: approximately $10.7 million; target: approximately $21.3 million; high: approximately $32.0 million; exceptional: approximately $42.7 million)value and linear interpolation between tiers.zero and maximum. Earned awards measured on the basis of relative TSR performance are subject to an absolute TSR component in the form of relatively simple modifiers that (A) reduce the level of earned awards in the event Boston Properties, Inc.’s annualized TSR is 0% or less than 0% and (B) cause some awards to be earned in the event Boston Properties, Inc.’s annualized TSR is 12% or more than 12% even though on a relative basis alone Boston Properties, Inc.’s TSR would not result in any earned awards.
Earned awards (if any) will vest 50% on February 6, 20205, 2021 and 50% on February 6, 2021,5, 2022, based on continued employment. Vesting will be accelerated in the event of a change in control, termination of employment by Boston Properties, Inc. without cause, or termination of employment by the award recipient for good reason, death, disability or retirement. If there is a change of control prior to February 6, 2020,5, 2021, earned awards will be calculated based on TSR performance up to the date of the change of control. The 20172018 MYLTIP awards are in the form of LTIP Units issued on the grant date which (i) are subject to forfeiture to the extent awards are not earned and (ii) prior to the performance measurement date are only entitled to one-tenth (10%) of the regular quarterly distributions payable on common partnership units and no special distributions.units.
Under ASC 718, the 20172018 MYLTIP awards have an aggregate value of approximately $17.7$13.3 million, which amount will generally be amortized into earnings over the four-year plan period under the graded vesting method.
On February 3, 2017,4, 2018, the measurement period for the Company’s 20142015 MYLTIP awards ended and, based on Boston Properties, Inc.’s relative TSR performance, the final awards were determined to be 27.7%22.0% of target or an aggregate of approximately $3.5$3.6 million (after giving effect to voluntary employee separations and the unallocated reserve)separations). As a result, an aggregate of 447,386 2014337,847 2015 MYLTIP Units that had been previously granted were automatically forfeited.
During the six months ended June 30, 2017,2018, Boston Properties, Inc. issued 37,41420,320 shares of restricted common stock and Boston Properties Limited Partnership issued 111,488205,838 LTIP Units and 400,000 2017342,659 2018 MYLTIP Units to employees and non-employee directors under the 2012 Plan. Employees and non-employee directors paid $0.01 per share of restricted common stock and $0.25 per LTIP Unit and 20172018 MYLTIP Unit. When issued, LTIP Units are not economically equivalent in value to a share of Common Stock, but over time can increase in value to one-for-one parity with Common Stock if there is sufficient appreciation in the value of the Company’s assets. The aggregate value of the LTIP Units is included in noncontrolling interests in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Grants of restricted stock and LTIP Units to employees vest in four equal annual installments. Restricted stock is measured at fair value on the date of grant based on the number of shares granted and the closing price of Boston Properties, Inc.’s Common Stock on the date of grant as quoted on the New York Stock Exchange. Such value is recognized as an expense ratably over the corresponding employee service period. The shares of restricted stock granted during the six months ended June 30, 20172018 were valued at approximately $4.9$2.4 million ($130.32119.27 per share weighted-average). The LTIP Units granted were valued at approximately $13.3$22.7 million (approximately $119.52$110.29 per unit weighted-average fair value) using a Monte Carlo simulation method model. The per unit fair values of the LTIP Units granted were estimated on the dates of grant and for a substantial majority of such units were valued using the following assumptions: an expected life of 5.7 years, a risk-free interest rate of 2.14%2.63% and an expected price volatility of 28.0%27.0%. AsBecause the 2012 OPP Units, 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units, 2015 MYLTIP Units, 2016 MYLTIP Units, 2017 MYLTIP Units and 20172018 MYLTIP Units are subject to both a service condition and a market condition, the Company recognizes the related compensation expense related to the 2012 OPP Units, 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units, 2015 MYLTIP Units, 2016 MYLTIP Units and 2017 MYLTIP Units under the graded vesting attribution method. Under the graded vesting attribution method, each portion of the award that vests at a different date is accounted for as a separate award and recognized over the period appropriate to that portion so that the compensation cost for each portion should be recognized in full by the time that portion vests. The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur on its awards of stock-based compensation (See Note 2).compensation. Dividends paid on both vested and unvested shares of restricted stock are charged directly to Dividends in Excess of Earnings in Boston Properties, Inc.’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and Partners’ Capital in Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Aggregate stock-based compensation expense associated with restricted stock, non-qualified stock options, LTIP Units, 2012 OPP Units,

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2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units, 2015 MYLTIP Units, 2016 MYLTIP Units, 2017 MYLTIP Units and 20172018 MYLTIP Units was approximately $7.9 million and $7.1$7.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively, and $18.1$22.1 million and $16.5$18.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. At June 30, 2017,2018, there was $26.8(1) an aggregate of approximately $31.7 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock, LTIP Units 2013and 2015 MYLTIP Units and 2014 MYLTIP Units and $28.5(2) an aggregate of approximately $22.4 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested 2015 MYLTIP Units, 2016 MYLTIP Units, 2017 MYLTIP Units and 20172018 MYLTIP Units that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.72.6 years.

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12.11. Segment Information
The following tables present reconciliations of Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. Common Shareholders to Net Operating Income and Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership Common Unitholders to Net Operating Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016.2017.
Boston Properties, Inc.
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$133,709
 $96,597
 $230,764
 $278,323
$128,681
 $133,709
 $304,682
 $230,764
Add:              
Preferred dividends2,625
 2,589
 5,250
 5,207
2,625
 2,625
 5,250
 5,250
Noncontrolling interest—common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership15,473
 11,357
 26,933
 32,771
14,859
 15,473
 35,311
 26,933
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships15,203
 6,814
 19,627
 17,278
14,400
 15,203
 31,634
 19,627
Interest expense95,143
 105,003
 190,677
 210,312
92,204
 95,143
 182,424
 190,677
Depreciation and amortization expense151,919
 153,175
 311,124
 312,623
156,417
 151,919
 322,214
 311,124
Transaction costs299
 913
 333
 938
474
 299
 495
 333
Payroll and related costs from management services contracts1,970
 
 4,855
 
General and administrative expense27,141
 25,418
 58,527
 54,771
28,468
 27,141
 64,362
 58,527
Less:              
Gains on sales of real estate3,767
 
 3,900
 67,623
18,292
 3,767
 114,689
 3,900
Gains from early extinguishments of debt14,354
 
 14,354
 

 14,354
 
 14,354
Gains from investments in securities730
 478
 1,772
 737
505
 730
 379
 1,772
Interest and other income1,504
 1,524
 2,118
 3,029
2,579
 1,504
 4,227
 2,118
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures3,108
 2,234
 6,192
 4,025
769
 3,108
 1,230
 6,192
Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts1,970
 
 4,855
 
Development and management services revenue7,365
 5,533
 13,837
 12,222
9,305
 7,365
 17,710
 13,837
Net Operating Income$410,684
 $392,097
 $801,062
 $824,587
$406,678
 $410,684
 $808,137
 $801,062


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Boston Properties Limited Partnership
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$151,844
 $109,938
 $262,506
 $317,234
$145,961
 $151,844
 $346,868
 $262,506
Add:              
Preferred distributions2,625
 2,589
 5,250
 5,207
2,625
 2,625
 5,250
 5,250
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships15,203
 6,814
 19,627
 17,278
14,400
 15,203
 31,634
 19,627
Interest expense95,143
 105,003
 190,677
 210,312
92,204
 95,143
 182,424
 190,677
Depreciation and amortization expense149,834
 151,191
 306,892
 308,652
154,474
 149,834
 318,327
 306,892
Transaction costs299
 913
 333
 938
474
 299
 495
 333
Payroll and related costs from management services contracts1,970
 
 4,855
 
General and administrative expense27,141
 25,418
 58,527
 54,771
28,468
 27,141
 64,362
 58,527
Less:              
Gains on sales of real estate4,344
 
 4,477
 69,792
18,770
 4,344
 117,677
 4,477
Gains from early extinguishments of debt14,354
 
 14,354
 

 14,354
 
 14,354
Gains from investments in securities730
 478
 1,772
 737
505
 730
 379
 1,772
Interest and other income1,504
 1,524
 2,118
 3,029
2,579
 1,504
 4,227
 2,118
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures3,108
 2,234
 6,192
 4,025
769
 3,108
 1,230
 6,192
Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts1,970
 
 4,855
 
Development and management services revenue7,365
 5,533
 13,837
 12,222
9,305
 7,365
 17,710
 13,837
Net Operating Income$410,684
 $392,097
 $801,062
 $824,587
$406,678
 $410,684
 $808,137
 $801,062
Net operating income (“NOI”) is a non-GAAP financial measure equal to net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders, as applicable, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, plus (1) preferred dividends/distributions, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, interest expense, depreciation and amortization expense, transaction costs, payroll and related costs from management services contracts and corporate general and administrative expense less (2) gains on sales of real estate, gains from early extinguishments of debt, gains from investments in securities, interest and other income, income from unconsolidated joint ventures, direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts and development and management services revenue. The Company believes NOI is useful to investors as a performance measure and believes it provides useful information to investors regarding its financial condition andthe Company's results of operations and financial condition because, when compared across periods, it reflects the impact on operations from trends in occupancy rates, rental rates, operating costs and acquisition and development activity on an unleveraged basis, providing perspective not immediately apparent from net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders orand net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders. For example, interest expense is not necessarily linked to the operating performance of a real estate asset and is often incurred at the corporate level as opposed to the property level. Similarly, interest expense may be incurred at the property level even though the financing proceeds may be used at the corporate level (e.g., used for other investment activity). In addition, depreciation and amortization expense, because of historical cost accounting and useful life estimates, depreciation and amortization may distort operating performance measures at the property level. NOI presented by the Company may not be comparable to NOI reported by other REITs or real estate companies that define NOI differently.
Asset information by segment is not reported because the Company does not use this measure to assess performance. Therefore, depreciation and amortization expense is not allocated among segments. Preferred dividends/distributions, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, interest expense, depreciation and amortization expense, transaction costs, payroll and related costs from management services contracts, corporate

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general and administrative expense, gains on sales of real estate, interest expense, gains from early extinguishments of debt, gains from investments in securities, interest and other income, income from unconsolidated joint ventures, depreciationdirect reimbursements of payroll and amortization expense, transactionrelated costs general and administrative expensesfrom management services contracts and development and management services revenue are not included in Net Operating IncomeNOI as internal reporting addresses these items on a corporate level.
The Company’s segments are based on the Company’s method of internal reporting which classifies its operations by both geographic area and property type. The Company’s segments by geographic area are Boston, New York, San Francisco and Washington, DC. Segments by property type include: Office, Residential and Hotel.

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Information by geographic area and property type (dollars in thousands):
For the three months ended June 30, 2017:2018:
Boston New York San Francisco Washington, DC TotalBoston New York San Francisco Washington, DC Total
Rental Revenue:                  
Office$191,760
 $251,844
 $85,483
 $102,870
 $631,957
$207,810
 $234,006
 $93,482
 $98,505
 $633,803
Residential1,153
 
 
 3,057
 4,210
1,195
 
 
 3,604
 4,799
Hotel13,375
 
 
 
 13,375
14,607
 
 
 
 14,607
Total206,288
 251,844
 85,483
 105,927
 649,542
223,612
 234,006
 93,482
 102,109
 653,209
% of Grand Totals31.76% 38.77% 13.16% 16.31% 100.00%34.23% 35.83% 14.31% 15.63% 100.00%
Rental Expenses:                  
Office74,160
 93,110
 25,938
 35,611
 228,819
77,147
 91,838
 31,214
 34,678
 234,877
Residential545
 
 
 1,090
 1,635
706
 
 
 2,207
 2,913
Hotel8,404
 
 
 
 8,404
8,741
 
 
 
 8,741
Total83,109
 93,110
 25,938
 36,701
 238,858
86,594
 91,838
 31,214
 36,885
 246,531
% of Grand Totals34.79% 38.98% 10.86% 15.37% 100.00%35.12% 37.26% 12.66% 14.96% 100.00%
Net operating income$123,179
 $158,734
 $59,545
 $69,226
 $410,684
$137,018
 $142,168
 $62,268
 $65,224
 $406,678
% of Grand Totals29.99% 38.65% 14.50% 16.86% 100.00%33.69% 34.96% 15.31% 16.04% 100.00%
For the three months ended June 30, 2016:2017:
Boston New York San Francisco Washington, DC TotalBoston New York San Francisco Washington, DC Total
Rental Revenue:                  
Office$179,048
 $243,957
 $78,524
 $99,588
 $601,117
$191,760
 $251,844
 $85,483
 $102,870
 $631,957
Residential1,180
 
 
 2,908
 4,088
1,153
 
 
 3,057
 4,210
Hotel12,808
 
 
 
 12,808
13,375
 
 
 
 13,375
Total193,036
 243,957
 78,524
 102,496
 618,013
206,288
 251,844
 85,483
 105,927
 649,542
% of Grand Totals31.24% 39.47% 12.71% 16.58% 100.00%31.76% 38.77% 13.16% 16.31% 100.00%
Rental Expenses:                  
Office68,754
 88,749
 25,470
 33,359
 216,332
74,160
 93,110
 25,938
 35,611
 228,819
Residential513
 
 
 1,093
 1,606
545
 
 
 1,090
 1,635
Hotel7,978
 
 
 
 7,978
8,404
 
 
 
 8,404
Total77,245
 88,749
 25,470
 34,452
 225,916
83,109
 93,110
 25,938
 36,701
 238,858
% of Grand Totals34.19% 39.29% 11.27% 15.25% 100.00%34.79% 38.98% 10.86% 15.37% 100.00%
Net operating income$115,791
 $155,208
 $53,054
 $68,044
 $392,097
$123,179
 $158,734
 $59,545
 $69,226
 $410,684
% of Grand Totals29.53% 39.59% 13.53% 17.35% 100.00%29.99% 38.65% 14.50% 16.86% 100.00%

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For the six months ended June 30, 2018:
 Boston New York San Francisco Washington, DC Total
Rental Revenue:         
Office$412,807
 $476,404
 $183,375
 $197,817
 $1,270,403
Residential2,347
 
 
 6,611
 8,958
Hotel23,709
 
 
 
 23,709
Total438,863
 476,404
 183,375
 204,428
 1,303,070
% of Grand Totals33.68% 36.56% 14.07% 15.69% 100.00%
Rental Expenses:         
Office157,471
 185,600
 58,842
 71,021
 472,934
Residential1,220
 
 
 3,965
 5,185
Hotel16,814
 
 
 
 16,814
Total175,505
 185,600
 58,842
 74,986
 494,933
% of Grand Totals35.46% 37.50% 11.89% 15.15% 100.00%
Net operating income$263,358
 $290,804
 $124,533
 $129,442
 $808,137
% of Grand Totals32.59% 35.98% 15.41% 16.02% 100.00%
For the six months ended June 30, 2017:
 Boston New York San Francisco Washington, DC Total
Rental Revenue:         
Office$377,196
 $493,414
 $170,124
 $205,603
 $1,246,337
Residential2,292
 
 
 5,874
 8,166
Hotel20,795
 
 
 
 20,795
Total400,283
 493,414
 170,124
 211,477
 1,275,298
% of Grand Totals31.39% 38.69% 13.34% 16.58% 100.00%
Rental Expenses:         
Office149,416
 184,794
 50,412
 70,933
 455,555
Residential1,040
 
 
 2,146
 3,186
Hotel15,495
 
 
 
 15,495
Total165,951
 184,794
 50,412
 73,079
 474,236
% of Grand Totals34.99% 38.97% 10.63% 15.41% 100.00%
Net operating income$234,332
 $308,620
 $119,712
 $138,398
 $801,062
% of Grand Totals29.25% 38.53% 14.94% 17.28% 100.00%
For the six months ended June 30, 2016:
 Boston New York San Francisco Washington, DC Total
Rental Revenue:         
Office$356,875
 $535,815
 $154,841
 $200,076
 $1,247,607
Residential2,351
 
 
 5,786
 8,137
Hotel21,565
 
 
 
 21,565
Total380,791
 535,815
 154,841
 205,862
 1,277,309
% of Grand Totals29.81% 41.95% 12.12% 16.12% 100.00%
Rental Expenses:         
Office139,441
 177,547
 49,375
 67,541
 433,904
Residential1,033
 
 
 2,173
 3,206
Hotel15,612
 
 
 
 15,612
Total156,086
 177,547
 49,375
 69,714
 452,722
% of Grand Totals34.47% 39.22% 10.91% 15.40% 100.00%
Net operating income$224,705
 $358,268
 $105,466
 $136,148
 $824,587
% of Grand Totals27.25% 43.45% 12.79% 16.51% 100.00%

13.12. Subsequent Events
On July 26, 2017,13, 2018, the Company entered into a joint venture with a third party to acquire a development site at 3 Hudson Boulevard that, upon the future acquisition of additional available development rights, can accommodate a Class A office tower with up to 2.0 million net rentable square feet located on the entire square block between the11th Avenue and Hudson Boulevard Park from West 34th Street to West 35th Street in New York City.  The Company and The Bernstein Companies entered intoowns a build-to-suit lease agreement with an affiliate of Marriott International, Inc. under which Marriott will lease 100% of an approximately 720,000 square foot office building and below-grade parking garage to be constructed by the joint venture at 7750 Wisconsin Avenue25% interest in Bethesda, Maryland. The joint venture will lease the office building to Marriott for 20 years on a net basis and will serve as Marriott’s world-wide headquarters. The Company and The Bernstein Companies will each own a 50% interest inbe the managing member of the joint venture.  The acquisition includes improvements consisting of excavation work and foundation elements that are currently being constructed on the site. The Company contributed cash totaling approximately $45.6 million at closing and will serve as development managercontribute in the future approximately $62.2 million for its initial capital contribution, a portion of which will fund the remaining costs to complete the foundation elements to grade for the venture and expects to commence construction in 2018. Marriott has agreed to fund 100% of the related tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions for thefuture office building.
On July 28, 2017, a joint venture in which  In addition, the Company has a 50% interest obtainedprovided $80.0 million of mortgage financing collateralized by its Colorado Center property totaling $550.0 million. The mortgage financingto the joint venture which bears interest at a fixedvariable rate of 3.56%equal to LIBOR plus 3.50% per annum and matures on August 9, 2027. The loan requires interest-only payments duringJuly 13, 2023, with extension options, subject to certain conditions. 
On July 19, 2018, the 10-year termCompany completed the acquisition of Santa Monica Business Park in the loan, with the entire principal amount due at maturity. Colorado Center isOcean Park neighborhood of Santa Monica, California for a six-building office complex that sits on a 15-acre site and contains anpurchase price of approximately $627.5 million, including $11.5

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aggregatemillion of seller funded leasing costs after the effective date of the purchase and sale agreement. Santa Monica Business Park is a 47-acre office park consisting of 21 buildings totaling approximately 1,184,0001.2 million net rentable square feetfeet. Approximately 70% of the rentable square footage is subject to a ground lease with 80 years remaining, including renewal periods. The ground lease provides the Company with the right to purchase the land underlying the properties in 2028 with subsequent purchase rights every 15 years. The acquisition was completed in a joint venture with Canada Pension Plan Investment Board, which invested approximately $147.4 million for a 45% ownership interest in the joint venture. The Company will provide customary operating, property management and leasing services to, and invested approximately $180.1 million in the joint venture. The acquisition was completed with $300.0 million of financing. The mortgage financing bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.28% per annum and matures on July 19, 2025. At closing, the borrower under the loan, which is a subsidiary of the joint venture, entered into interest rate swap contracts with notional amounts aggregating $300.0 million through April 1, 2025, resulting in a fixed rate of approximately 4.063% per annum through the expiration of the interest rate swap contracts.
On July 27, 2018, the Company entered into a joint venture with its partner at The Hub on Causeway mixed-use development in Boston, Massachusetts to acquire the air rights for the development of an approximately 627,000 net rentable square foot Class A office tower at the site to be known as 100 Causeway Street. The joint venture entered into a lease agreement with an underground parking garageaffiliate of Verizon Communications, Inc. under which Verizon will lease approximately 70% of the office tower for 3,100 vehiclesa term of 20 years. With the execution of the lease, the joint venture commenced development of the project. The Company will serve as co-development manager for the project. The joint venture partner contributed an air rights parcel and improvements, with a fair value of approximately $41.3 million, for its initial 50% interest in the joint venture. The Company contributed improvements totaling approximately $3.9 million and will contribute cash totaling approximately $37.4 million for its initial 50% interest.
On August 7, 2018, the Company entered into an agreement with a third party to (1) agree to share certain pre-development costs during the pre-lease period and (2) to agree to form a joint venture to thereafter own and develop a leasehold interest in 343 Madison Avenue located in Santa Monica, California.New York City. The Company will serve as development manager of the project and will own a 55% interest in the joint venture. In 2016, the Company was selected by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority ("MTA") as the developer of the project and will enter into a pre-lease agreement and a 99-year ground lease with the MTA for the site. The site will support a Class A office tower with approximately 900,000 net rentable square feet. There can be no assurances that the transaction will be completed on the terms currently contemplated, or at all.




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ITEM 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report.
These Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, including the documents incorporated by reference, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We intend these forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and are including this statement for purposes of complying with those safe harbor provisions. Such statements are contained principally, but not only, under the captions “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” We caution investors that any such forward-looking statements are based on beliefs and on assumptions made by, and information currently available to, our management. When used, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “budget,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “project,” “should,” “will” and similar expressions which do not relate solely to historical matters are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions and are not guarantees of future performance, which may be affected by known and unknown risks, trends, uncertainties and factors that are beyond our control. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated or projected by the forward-looking statements. We caution you that, while forward-looking statements reflect our good-faith beliefs when we make them, they are not guarantees of future performance and are impacted by actual events when they occur after we make such statements. Accordingly, investors should use caution in relying on forward-looking statements, which are based on results and trends at the time they are made, to anticipate future results or trends.
Some of the risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements include, among others, the following:
if there is a negative change in the economy, including, without limitation,but not limited to, a reversal of current job growth trends and an increase in unemployment, it could have a negative effect on the following, among other things:
the fundamentals of our business, including overall market occupancy, tenant space utilization and rental rates;
the financial condition of our tenants, many of which are financial, legal, media/telecommunication, technology and other professional firms, our lenders, counterparties to our derivative financial instruments and institutions that hold our cash balances and short-term investments, which may expose us to increased risks of default by these parties; and
the value of our real estate assets, which may limit our ability to dispose of assets at attractive prices or obtain or maintain debt financing secured by our properties or on an unsecured basis;
volatile or adverse global economic and political conditions, and dislocations in the credit markets could adversely affect our access to cost-effective capital and have a resulting material adverse effect on our business opportunities, results of operations and financial condition;
general risks affecting the real estate industry (including, without limitation, the inability to enter into or renew leases, tenant space utilization, dependence on tenants’ financial condition, and competition from other developers, owners and operators of real estate);
failure to manage effectively our growth and expansion into new markets and sub-markets or to integrate acquisitions and developments successfully;
the ability of our joint venture partners to satisfy their obligations;
risks and uncertainties affecting property development and construction (including, without limitation, construction delays, increased construction costs, cost overruns, inability to obtain necessary permits, tenant accounting considerations that may result in negotiated lease provisions that limit a tenant’s liability during construction, and public opposition to such activities);
risks associated with the availability and terms of financing and the use of debt to fund acquisitions and developments and/or refinance existing indebtedness, including the impact of higher interest rates on the cost and/or availability of financing;
risks associated with forward interest rate contracts and the effectiveness of such arrangements;

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risks associated with downturns in the national and local economies, increases in interest rates, and volatility in the securities markets;
risks associated with actual or threatened terrorist attacks;
costs of compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act and other similar laws;
potential liability for uninsured losses and environmental contamination;

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risks associated with security breaches through cyber attacks, cyber intrusions or otherwise, as well as other significant disruptions of our information technology (IT) networks and related systems, which support our operations and our buildings;
risks associated with BXP’s potential failure to qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;
possible adverse changes in tax and environmental laws;
the impact of newly adopted accounting principles on our accounting policies and on period-to-period comparisons of financial results;
risks associated with possible state and local tax audits;
risks associated with our dependence on key personnel whose continued service is not guaranteed; and
the other risk factors identified in our most recently filed Annual Reports on Form 10-K, including those described under the caption “Risk Factors.”
The risks set forth above are not exhaustive. Other sections of this report may include additional factors that could adversely affect our business and financial performance. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for management to predict all risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results. Investors should also refer to our most recent Annual Reports on Form 10-K and our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for future periods and Current Reports on Form 8-K as we file them with the SEC, and to other materials we may furnish to the public from time to time through FormsCurrent Reports on Form 8-K or otherwise, for a discussion of risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements. We expressly disclaim any responsibility to update any forward-looking statements to reflect changes in underlying assumptions or factors, new information, future events, or otherwise, and you should not rely upon these forward-looking statements after the date of this report.
Overview
BXP is a fully integrated, self-administered and self-managed REIT and one of the largest owners, managers and developers of primarily Class A office properties in the United States. BPLP is the entity through which BXP conducts substantially all of its business and owns (either directly or through subsidiaries) substantially all of its assets. Our properties are concentrated in five markets - Boston, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco and Washington, DC. We generate revenue and cash primarily by leasing Class A office space to our tenants. FactorsWhen making leasing decisions, we consider, when we lease space includeamong other things, the creditworthiness of the tenant, the length of the lease, the rental rate to be paid at inception and throughout the lease term, the costs of tenant improvements and other landlord concessions, current and anticipated operating costsexpenses and real estate taxes, current and anticipated vacancy, current and anticipatedexpected future demand for officethe space, the impact of any expansion rights and general economic factors.
Our core strategy has always been to develop, acquire and operate properties in supply-constrained markets with high barriers-to-entry and to focus on executing long-term leases with financially strong tenants. Historically, this combination has tended to reduce our exposure in down cycles and enhance revenues as market conditions improve. To be successful in any leasing environment, we believe we must consider all aspects of the tenant-landlord relationship must be considered.relationship. In this regard, we believe that our understanding of tenants’ short- and long-term space utilization and amenity needs in the local markets, in which we operate, our relationships with local brokers, our reputation as a premier developer, owner and operator of Class A office properties, our financial strength and our ability to maintain high building standards provide us with a competitive advantage.

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Outlook
EconomicThe combination of general macroeconomic factors, specific circumstances and trends in our particular markets and the continued success of our development and leasing efforts leaves us optimistic for our industry generally and our company in particular. The outlook for 2018 GDP remains positive with growth inprojected by the Federal Reserve to reach approximately 2.8%. Job creation remains steady as the United States continues to be tepid yet consistent witheconomy created approximately 209,000 non-farm630,000 jobs created in July 2017 resulting in a slight dip inthe second quarter of 2018 and the unemployment rate rose slightly to 4.3%approximately 4.0%. The Federal Reserve has increased short-term interest rates three times since December 2016 with indications of more increases to come, yet interest rates remain relatively low. Givenin June by 25 basis points and the pace of GDP growth,10-year U.S. Treasury rate increased by a lesser amount during the quarter driven by low inflation and global market conditions. Though we expect additional interest rate increases by the uncertainty associated with Federal Reserve fiscal policy and tax reform,in 2018, we anticipate only modest increases in long-term United States interest rates. Despite a flattening yield curve, we do not expectsee interest rate increases as a sharp increase in long-term interest ratesmajor risk factor to our business at this time and we expect reasonably healthy operating and financial market conditions to continue.
In this economic climate, we continue to focus on (1) on:
ensuring tenant satisfaction throughout our portfolio; (2) satisfaction;
leasing available space in our in-service and development properties, as well as focusing on sizable future large lease expirations; (3) expirations well in advance;
completing the construction of our properties under development and redevelopment; (4) redevelopingredevelopment properties;
continuing and completing the redevelopment and repositioning of several key properties to increase future revenuesrevenue and asset values over the long-term, despite the adverse impact on near-term revenue and earnings;

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revenue; (5) maintaining discipline in our underwriting of investment opportunities by (x)(1) seeking significant pre-leasing commitments to beginbefore beginning new construction, and (y)(2) targeting acquisition activity in non-stabilized assets near innovation centers where we see the strongestbest prospects for overall growth and our operational expertise can create value; and (6)
managing our near-term debt maturities and maintaining our conservative balance sheet by managingsheet.
The overall occupancy of our near-term debt maturities.
in-service properties decreased modestly to 90.4% at June 30, 2018 from 90.5% at March 31, 2018. During the second quarter, of 2017, we signed leases across our portfolio totaling approximately 927,0001.7 million square feet. In addition, during July 2017, we signed additional leases totaling approximatelyfeet, which is greater than our most recent 10-year historical quarterly average of 1.4 million square feet, bringing our total leasing since January 1, 2017 to approximately 2.9 million square feet. Weand commenced revenue recognition on approximately 1.3 million900,000 square feet of leases in second generation space in the second quarter.second-generation space. Of these second generationsecond-generation leases, approximately 1.0 million700,000 square feet had been vacant for less than one year and, providesin the aggregate, they represent an average increase in net rental obligationobligations (gross rent less operating expenses) of approximately 28%, demonstrating the strong internal growth opportunities embedded in our portfolio.6.1%. Across our portfolio we are experiencingcontinue to experience increases in construction costs, which resultgenerally results in increased tenant allowances and costs to build out tenant spaces. The overall occupancy of our in-service properties increased to 90.8% at June 30, 2017 from 90.4% at March 31, 2017 due mainly to leasing transactions at our Boston Central Business District (“CBD”) properties, 601 Lexington Avenue in New York and our suburban Washington, DC properties.
Our investment strategy remains largelymostly unchanged. Other than possible acquisitions of value-add"value-add" assets, such as those requiringthat require lease-up or repositioning, like Colorado Center in Santa Monica, California,and acquisitions that are otherwise consistent with our long-term strategy, we intend to continue to invest primarily in higher yielding new developmentsdevelopment opportunities with significant pre-leasing commitments, and redevelopment opportunities rather than lower yielding acquisitions of stabilized assets for which demand and pricing remainsremain strong.
Our development activity remains attractive and vibrant. DuringConsistent with this strategy, we committed to the second quarter, we commenced development on two new projects, andfollowing investments in July 20172018:
On July 13, 2018, we signedentered into a commitmentjoint venture with a third party to acquire a 25% interest in the development site at 3 Hudson Boulevard in New York City that, upon the future acquisition of additional available development rights, can accommodate a Class A office tower with up to 2.0 million net rentable square feet. We will serve as the managing member of the joint venture.
On July 19, 2018, we acquired Santa Monica Business Park, an approximately 1.2 million net rentable square foot office park located in the Ocean Park neighborhood of Santa Monica, California for a third. First,purchase price of approximately $627.5 million (including $11.5 million of seller funded leasing costs after the effective date of the purchase and sale agreement), where we startedexpect our return on investment to increase over the next few years as free rent periods expire and the rental rates paid under the new leases are increased to market. The acquisition was completed in a joint venture with Canada Pension Plan Investment Board, which owns a 45% ownership interest in the joint venture.

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On July 27, 2018, we entered into a joint venture with our partner at The Hub on Causeway mixed-use development in Boston, Massachusetts to acquire the air rights for the development of 145 Broadway, a 485,000an approximately 627,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property, including approximately 9,500 net rentable square feet of retail space located in Cambridge, Massachusetts.tower at the site to be known as 100 Causeway Street. The office space is 100% pre-leased to an expanding existing tenant and we expect the building will be available for occupancy during the fourth quarter of 2019.  Second, on June 29, 2017, we executed a ground lease, with a future right to purchase, a land parcel adjacent to the MacArthur BART station located in Oakland, California, that will support the development of a 402-unit residential building and ancillary retail space. Finally, after the end of the second quarter, a joint venture in which we and The Bernstein Companies will each own a 50% interest, entered into a build-to-suit lease agreement with Marriott International,an affiliate of Verizon Communications, Inc. under which Marriott will lease 100%for approximately 70% of an approximately 720,000 square footthe office building and below-grade parking garage to be constructed by the joint venture at 7750 Wisconsin Avenue in Bethesda, Maryland. The office building will be leased to Marriotttower for a term of 20 years on a net basis and will serve as Marriott’s world-wide headquarters. We will serve ashas commenced development of the development manager for the joint venture and expect to begin construction in 2018.office tower.
As of June 30, 2017,2018, our development pipeline consistsconsisted of ninethirteen development/redevelopment projects representingthat, when completed, we expect will total approximately 4.76.0 million net rentable square feet and ourfeet. Our share of the estimated total investment ofbudgeted cost for these projects is approximately $2.9$3.3 billion, of which approximately $1.3$1.1 billion of equity remainedremains to be invested as of June 30, 2017.2018. Due to the tightening labor market and increased costs for a range of building materials, construction costs have risen steadily across our markets since 2014. In addition to increased rental rates offsetting the impact of these cost increases, we mitigate the risk of construction cost increases through one or more of the following: agreeing to guaranteed maximum prices, or GMPs, in our construction contracts and including contingencies in the budgeted costs. As of August 3, 2017,6, 2018, approximately 66%88% of the commercial space in these development projects is pre-leased. In addition, we have begun the repositioning of several of our properties, including 399 Park Avenue and the retail and plaza at 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) in New York City, 100 Federal Street in Boston, Massachusetts, and Metropolitan Square in Washington, DC. We expect these projects will require significant capital expenditures and, in some cases, necessitate that space is vacated for an extended period of time.
Since the beginning of the second quarter, we enhanced our liquidity and mitigated interest rate risk on our 2017 loan maturities with commitments for an aggregate of $4.3 billion of debt funding. First, on April 24, 2017 we amended and restated our unsecured line of credit (as amended and restated, the “2017 Credit Facility”) to, among other things: (1) increase the total commitment of the revolving line of credit (the “Revolving Facility”) from $1.0 billion to $1.5 billion, (2) extend the maturity date from July 26, 2018 to April 24, 2022, (3) reduce the per annum variable interest rates, and (4) add a $500.0 million delayed draw term loan facility (the “Delayed Draw Facility”) that allows us to delay drawing funds for up to one year from the closing date. Second, on June 7, 2017 the consolidated joint venture entity in which we have a 60% interest and which owns 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) located in New York City completed the refinancing of indebtedness totaling $1.6 billion that had been secured by direct and indirect interests in the property. The new mortgage financing has a principal amount of $2.3 billion, bears interest at a fixed rate of 3.43% per annum and matures on June 9, 2027.
In addition, on July 28, 2017, Colorado Center, a joint venture in which we own a 50% interest, obtained mortgage financing totaling $550.0 million. The mortgage bears interest at a rate of 3.56% and matures on August 9, 2027. The venture distributed proceeds of $251.0 million to each partner.

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Given the relatively low interest rates currently available to us in the debt markets, we may elect to supplement our liquidity position to provide additional capacity to fund our remaining capital requirements for existing development and redevelopment projects and pursue attractive additional investment opportunities. Depending on the type and timing of financing, raising capital may result in us carrying additional cash and cash equivalents pending our use of the proceeds.
The same factors that create challenges to acquiringacquire assets present opportunities for us to continue to review our portfolio to identify properties thatas potential sale candidates because they may no longer fit within our portfolio strategy or they could attract premium pricing in the current market environment as potential sales candidates.environment. For example, during the second quarter of 2018, we completed the sale of 91 Hartwell Avenue located in Lexington, Massachusetts, which was approximately 94% leased and sold for a gross sale price of approximately $22.2 million. We expect to continue to sell a modest number ofselect non-core assets in 2017,2018, subject to market conditions.
A brief overview of each of our markets follows.follows:
Boston
The leasing market in the greater Boston region continues to attract life scienceremains active and established technology companies, as well as start-up technology and maker organizations.strong. The Boston CBD submarketcentral business district ("CBD") sub-market continues to be driven by lease expirationsexpiration demand from traditional financial and professional services tenants and a steadystrong flow of new and expanding technology companies moving intoleasing space in the CBD. We made significant progress leasingDuring the vacant space at our 200 Clarendon Street property by signingsecond quarter of 2018, we completed 26 lease transactions totaling more than 200,000 square feet. In addition, on July 27, 2018, a joint venture, in which we have a 50% interest, signed a lease with an affiliate of Verizon Communications, Inc. for approximately 134,000440,000 square feet of leases since the first quarter, and we have approximately 54,000 square feet of leases under negotiation. Excluding 200 Clarendon Street, our CBD portfolio is 97% leased. Our most active leasing opportunity iscommenced development activities at the first phaseremaining office portion of ourthe Hub on Causeway development project withproject.
Our approximately 220,000 square feet that is not yet leased. We expect to complete the development of this phase of the project in 2019.
The Cambridge office market continues to be very tight and expensive overall, in certain cases, forcing tenants to consider alternate locations, like our Hub on Causeway project. Our 1.6 million square foot in-service office portfolio in Cambridge is dominated by large users, is nearly 100% leased and iscontinues to generate strong rental rates. For example, in the second quarter of 2018, we re-leased a full floor to a growing tenant generating initial net rents that are approximately 100% occupied.greater than the prior lease. We are also actively working to meet tenant demand through increasing density and redevelopment. For example, we are currently in discussions with a tenant to expand within Kendall Center, replacing an existing 115,000 net rentable square foot building with a 400,000 net rentable square foot modern Class A office building.
Our suburban Waltham/Lexington submarketsub-market continues to strengthen due to increased demand from the organic growth of our existing tenant base and other tenants in the market looking forseeking space to accommodate their expanding workforces. AtDuring the second quarter of 2018, we signed a lease with a tenant for 100% of our recently redevelopedcompleted Reservoir Place North redevelopment property in Waltham Massachusetts,and we are in discussions with a tenanttwo tenants to lease 100%the majority of this approximately 73,000 square foot building.the remaining space at our 20 CityPoint development project in Waltham.
Los Angeles
During the second quarter, we completed a lease expansion with an existing tenant atAs of August 2, 2018, our Colorado Center joint venture asset in Santa Monica, California foris approximately 63,000 square feet, which brings the percentage committed from 65.5% at acquisition on July 1, 2016 to approximately 93% as of June 30, 2017. We have proposals ongoing for the remaining space, but we believe that overall leasing activity for larger spaces has moderated. In our first year of ownership, our98% leased, including leases with future commencement dates. Our approach to property management, leasing and commitment to invest capital has transformed this once under-leased asset, which was 66% leased when we acquired it in July 2016, into a top-tier property in the marketplace. As a direct result
The strength of the Santa Monica sub-market, as evidenced by our operational success, on July 28, 2017, we placed a $550.0 million, 10-year mortgage on this previously unencumbered asset. We continue to execute onexperience at Colorado Center, affirmed our repositioning plans and are currently working with local permitting authorities to commence construction on an amenities enhancement project in late 2017.
We are committed to growing our presence and portfolio inreasons for entering the Los Angeles market and expectgave us confidence to continuemove forward with our plan to underwrite investment opportunities ingrow this market while maintaining our disciplined investment approach.
New York
Our overall expectations for the midtown Manhattan office market and the leasing activity in our portfolio have been generally consistent with recent quarters. New supply continues to come into the market in the form of new deliveries and large lease expirations.region. As a result, tenants have increasing options and therefore we are not anticipating significant growth in office rentsexpanded our footprint in the near-term and weSanta Monica sub-market through our acquisition of the 47-acre Santa Monica Business Park on July 19, 2018 through a joint venture. We believe this acquisition provides us with ample opportunity for future growth as a majority of the current leases are witnessing higher tenant concessions. However, we are encouraged, in the second quarter, by an increase in relocations of tenants to high-end space at rental rates in excess of $100 per square foot. Our New York City portfolio remains well leased at 92.9% with 6% rollover throughout the remainder of 2017.
In July 2017, we completed an important lease renewal with Aramis (Estee Lauder) at 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building). They are currently a 295,000 square foot tenant and have committed to a minimum of 220,000 square feet with a right to expand. This transaction limits the available space for the next several years.
Our largest lease expiration exposure will occur in the third quarter 2017 with approximately 286,000 square feet of expirations at 399 Park Avenue. We have good activity on this space with tours and proposals with revenue from replacement tenants expected to begin in 2019.below-market rents.

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We will continue to explore opportunities to increase our presence in the Los Angeles market by seeking investments similar to Colorado Center and Santa Monica Business Park, where our financial, operational, redevelopment and development expertise provide the opportunity to achieve accretive returns.
New York
Overall leasing activity for the midtown Manhattan office market has strengthened this quarter with activity led by the FIRE (Finance, Insurance and Real Estate) sector which continues to benefit from the advantages of midtown locations. We also benefited from this demand by completing 26 leases during the second quarter of 2018, aggregating approximately 470,000 square feet. In addition, we have strong activity for the available space at 399 Park Avenue with approximately 320,000 square feet of leases under negotiation. Also, on August 6, 2018, we signed a lease with a tenant for 100% of the office space at our One Five Nine East 53rd Street redevelopment project, which is the low-rise portion of 601 Lexington Avenue. The lease is held in escrow pending satisfaction of the escrow conditions.
San Francisco
The San Francisco CBD leasing market remains healthy and among the strongest markets in the United States. With no new uncommitted development projects anticipated through 2021, combined with relatively low direct vacant space and few available large blocks of sublease space, leaves tenants seeking space few options. We continueexpect these fundamentals to benefitcontinue. As we move into 2019, we expect the focus of our attention in the CBD will be at Embarcadero Center where we have commenced a major re-fresh of the public areas and amenities and have consistent leasing activity from this strength as evidenced bylease expirations. Market rental rates for Embarcadero Center are increasing, yet remain a value compared to rental rates of new construction.
Washington, DC
Our focus in the Washington, DC region has centered around (1) matching development sites with tenants to begin development with significant pre-leasing commitments, (2) Reston, Virginia and (3) market conditions in the Washington, DC CBD. In 2017, we committed to developing an aggregate of 1.8 million square feet of new office space pursuant to leases signed with a major law firm at 2100 Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, DC, the TSA for its new headquarters in Springfield, Virginia and Marriott International, Inc. for its new headquarters and hotel in Bethesda, Maryland. During the first quarter of 2018, we committed to approximately 1.4 million square feet of new developments at 17Fifty Presidents Street in Reston Town Center, which is 100% pre-leased to Leidos, and the new Fannie Mae headquarters, of which the office space is approximately 85% pre-leased, at our Reston Gateway development project. In total, these five development projects aggregated approximately 3.2 million square feet of development for a total budget of approximately $1.8 billion (our share) and are approximately 88% pre-leased, at June 30, 2018. In addition, we completed approximately 662,000 square feet of leasing during the second quarter including approximately 226,000 square feet in the Washington, DC CBD and fully placed in-service our Signature at Reston residential property.
Our Reston, Virginia portfolio was 92.3% leased at June 30, 2018, and we continue to see strong tenant demand with approximately 430,000 square feet of second generation leases that commencedsigned during the second quarter of 2017, which have been vacant for less than one year and provide an average increase in net rental obligation of approximately 61.0%.
Our near-term leasing focus remains on the lease up of Salesforce Tower, for which we signed leases totaling approximately 174,000 square feet in the second quarter of 2017. As of August 3, 2017, Salesforce Tower is 82% leased. We are in lease negotiations for another five floors totaling approximately 116,000 square feet which, if signed, would bring the project to approximately 90% leased and tour activity remains active. We expect the first tenants to occupy this building in the first quarter of 2018.
Washington, DC
Overall market conditions in the Washington, DC CBD have not changed in any meaningful way over the past few quarters. Leasing activity remains very competitive primarily because there has been noa significant increase in supply without a corresponding increase in demand. OutsideHowever, it is unclear at this time how the Federal omnibus spending bill, which includes billions of the district, our Reston Town Center properties are approximately 96.7% leaseddollars of increases to non-defense spending, will translate into new job creation and leasing activity is healthy for our available and near-term expiring space.increased tenant demand.



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The table below details the leasing activity during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017:2018:
 Three months ended June 30, 2017 Six months ended June 30, 2017 Three months ended June 30, 2018 Six months ended June 30, 2018
 (Square Feet) (Square Feet)
Vacant space available at the beginning of the period 4,110,657
 4,196,275
 4,063,557
 4,039,528
Property dispositions/properties taken out of service (115,289) (115,289) (7,355) (7,355)
Properties acquired vacant space 15,944
 15,944
 
 
Properties placed in-service 73,258
 82,738
Properties placed (and partially placed) in-service 171,243
 315,949
Leases expiring or terminated during the period 1,261,949
 2,105,596
 939,808
 2,212,612
Total space available for lease 5,346,519
 6,285,264
 5,167,253
 6,560,734
1st generation leases
 53,588
 77,453
 185,720
 357,104
2nd generation leases with new tenants
 816,044
 1,440,469
 400,536
 1,004,159
2nd generation lease renewals
 524,556
 815,011
 487,224
 1,105,698
Total space leased (1) 1,394,188
 2,332,933
 1,073,480
 2,466,961
Vacant space available for lease at the end of the period 3,952,331
 3,952,331
 4,093,773
 4,093,773
        
Leases executed during the period, in square feet (2) 927,257
 1,492,445
 1,732,842
 3,857,462
        
Second generation leasing information: (3)
        
Leases commencing during the period, in square feet 1,340,600
 2,255,480
 887,760
 2,109,857
Weighted Average Lease Term 103 Months
 96 Months
 110 Months
 101 Months
Weighted Average Free Rent Period 139 Days
 116 Days
 87 Days
 107 Days
Total Transaction Costs Per Square Foot (4) 
$63.96
 
$60.70
 
$65.69
 
$68.92
Increase in Gross Rents (5) 17.69% 16.02% 4.34% 6.71%
Increase in Net Rents (6) 28.37% 25.05% 6.13% 9.82%
___________________________
(1)
Represents leases for which rental revenue recognition has commenced in accordance with GAAP during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017.2018.
(2)
Represents leases executed during the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 for which we either (1) commenced rental revenue recognition in such period or (2) will commence rental revenue recognition in subsequent periods, in accordance with GAAP, and includes leases at properties currently under development. The total square feet of leases executed and recognized in the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 is 269,881363,110 and 409,616,737,194, respectively.

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(3)
Second generation leases are defined as leases for space that had previously been leased by us. Of the 1,340,600887,760 and 2,255,4802,109,857 square feet of second generation leases that commenced during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017,2018, respectively, leases for 1,070,719524,650 and 1,845,8641,447,361 square feet were signed in prior periods.
(4)Total transaction costs include tenant improvements and leasing commissions and exclude free rent concessions and other inducements in accordance with GAAP.
(5)
Represents the increase in gross rent (base rent plus expense reimbursements) on the new versus expired leases on the 1,026,480705,451 and 1,636,1041,661,902 square feet of second generation leases that had been occupied within the prior 12 months for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017,2018, respectively; excludes leases that management considers temporary because the tenant is not expected to occupy the space on a long-term basis.
(6)
Represents the increase in net rent (gross rent less operating expenses) on the new versus expired leases on the 1,026,480705,451 and 1,636,1041,661,902 square feet of second generation leases that had been occupied within the prior 12 months for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017,2018, respectively; excludes leases that management considers temporary because the tenant is not expected to occupy the space on a long-term basis.

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Transactions during the three months ended June 30, 20172018 included the following:
Development activities
On April 19, 2017,June 7, 2018, we completed and fully placed in-service our Signature at Reston development project comprised of 508 apartment units and retail space aggregating approximately 518,000 square feet located in Reston, Virginia. The retail space totaling approximately 25,000 net rentable square feet was approximately 81% leased and the residential units as of August 2, 2018 were approximately 35% leased.
On June 20, 2018, we partially placed in-service our Proto Kendall Square development project comprised of 280 apartment units and retail space aggregating approximately 167,000 square feet located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The retail space totaling approximately 15,000 net rentable square feet was approximately 98% leased and the residential units as of August 2, 2018 were approximately 37% leased.
Acquisition and disposition activities
On May 24, 2018, we completed the sale of an approximately 9.5-acre parcel of land at 30 Shattuck Roadour 91 Hartwell Avenue property located in Andover,Lexington, Massachusetts for a gross sale price of $5.0approximately $22.2 million. Net cash proceeds totaled approximately $5.0$21.7 million, resulting in a gain on sale of real estate totaling approximately $3.7 million.
On April 24, 2017, BPLP entered into the 2017 Credit Facility. Among other things, the 2017 Credit Facility (1) increased the total commitment of the Revolving Facility from $1.0 billion to $1.5 billion, (2) extended the maturity date from July 26, 2018 to April 24, 2022, (3) reduced the per annum variable interest rates,$15.5 million for BXP and (4) added a $500.0approximately $15.9 million Delayed Draw Facility that permits BPLP to draw until the first anniversary of the closing date. Based on BPLP’s current credit rating, (1) the applicable Eurocurrency margins for the Revolving Facility and Delayed Draw Facility are 87.5 basis points and 95 basis points, respectively, and (2) the facility fee on the Revolving Facility commitment is 0.15% per annum. The Delayed Draw Facility has a fee on unused commitments equal to 0.15% per annum (See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
On April 6, 2017, we commenced the development of 145 Broadway, a build-to-suit Class A office project with approximately 485,000 net rentable square feet located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The property is 98% leased.
On May 15, 2017, we acquired 103 Carnegie Center located in Princeton, New Jersey for a purchase price of approximately $15.8 million in cash. 103 Carnegie CenterBPLP. 91 Hartwell Avenue is an approximately 96,000119,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property. The property is 83% leased.
Capital markets activities
On May 27, 2017, we completed and fully placed in-service Reservoir Place North, a Class A office redevelopment project with approximately 73,000 net rentable square feet located in Waltham, Massachusetts. The property is 0% leased.
On June 2, 2017, BXP renewed its “at the market” (“ATM”) stock offering program through which it may sell from time to time up to an aggregate of $600.0 million of its common stock through sales agents over a three-year period. This program replaces BXP’s prior $600.0 million ATM stock offering program that was scheduled to expire on June 3, 2017. BXP intends to use the net proceeds from any offering for general business purposes, which may include investment opportunities and debt reduction. No shares of common stock have been issued under this ATM stock offering program.
On June 7, 2017, our consolidated entity in which we have a 60% ownership interest and that owns 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) located in New York City completed the refinancing of approximately $1.6 billion of indebtedness that had been secured by direct and indirect interests in 767 Fifth Avenue. The new mortgage financing has a principal amount of $2.3 billion, bears interest at a fixed interest rate of 3.43% per annum and matures on June 9, 2027. The loan requires interest-only payments during the 10-year term of the loan, with the entire principal amount due at maturity. The extinguished debt bore interest at a weighted-average rate of approximately 5.96% per annum, an effective GAAP interest rate of approximately 3.03% per annum and was scheduled to mature on October 7, 2017. There was no prepayment penalty associated with the repayment of the prior indebtedness. We recognized a net gain from early extinguishment of debt totaling approximately $14.6 million primarily consisting of the acceleration of the remaining balance related to the historical fair value debt adjustment. On April 24, 2017, our consolidated entity entered into an interest rate lock and commitment agreement for the financing. In conjunction with the interest rate lock and commitment agreement, the consolidated entity terminated its forward-starting interest rate swap contracts with notional

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amounts aggregating $450.0 million and cash-settled the contracts by making cash payments to the counterparties aggregating approximately $14.4 million, which amount will increase our interest expense over the ten-year term of the financing, resulting in an effective GAAP interest rate on the financing of approximately 3.64% per annum, inclusive of the amortization of financing costs and additional mortgage recording taxes.
On June 13, 2017, we completed the sale of 40 Shattuck Road located in Andover, Massachusetts for a gross sale price of $12.0 million. Net cash proceeds totaled approximately $11.9 million, resulting in a gain on sale of real estate totaling approximately $28,000 for BXP and approximately $0.6 million for BPLP. 40 Shattuck Road is an approximately 122,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property. The property is 71% leased. 
On June 29, 2017, we executed a 99-year ground lease (including extension options), with the right to purchase prior to 10 years after stabilization of the development project as defined in the lease, land adjacent to the MacArthur BART station located in Oakland, California. We have commenced development of a 402-unit residential building and supporting retail space on the site.
Transactions completed subsequent to June 30, 2017 included the following:
On July 26, 2017, a joint venture between us and The Bernstein Companies entered into a build-to-suit lease agreement with an affiliate of Marriott International, Inc. under which Marriott will lease 100% of an approximately 720,000 square foot office building and below-grade parking garage to be constructed by the joint venture at 7750 Wisconsin Avenue in Bethesda, Maryland. The joint venture will lease the office building to Marriott for 20 years on a net basis and will serve as Marriott’s world-wide headquarters. We and The Bernstein Companies will each own a 50% interest in the joint venture. We will serve as development manager for the venture and expect to commence construction in 2018. Marriott has agreed to fund 100% of the related tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions for the office building.
On July 28, 2017,19, 2018, a joint venture in which we have a 50% interest obtained mortgageconstruction financing with a total commitment of $180.0 million collateralized by its Colorado CenterHub on Causeway - Residential development project.  The construction financing bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.00% per annum and matures on April 19, 2022, with two, one-year extension options, subject to certain conditions.  The joint venture has not yet drawn any funds under the loan. The Hub on Causeway - Residential is an approximately 320,000 square foot project comprised of 440 residential units located in Boston, Massachusetts.
On April 24, 2018, BPLP exercised its option to draw $500.0 million on its Delayed Draw Facility. The Delayed Draw Facility bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 0.90% per annum based on BPLP's current credit rating and matures on April 24, 2022.
On April 27, 2018, a joint venture in which we have a 60% interest refinanced the mortgage loan collateralized by its 540 Madison Avenue property located in New York City totaling $550.0$120.0 million.  The mortgage loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.10% per annum and matures on June 5, 2023.  The previous mortgage loan bore interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.50% per annum and was scheduled to mature on June 5, 2018.  540 Madison Avenue is an approximately 284,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property.
Transactions completed subsequent to June 30, 2018 included the following:
On July 13, 2018, we entered into a joint venture with a third party to acquire a development site at 3 Hudson Boulevard that, upon the future acquisition of additional available development rights, can accommodate a Class A office tower with up to 2.0 million net rentable square feet located on the entire square block between 11th Avenue and Hudson Boulevard Park from West 34th Street to West 35th Street in New York City.  We own a 25% interest in and will be the managing member of the joint venture.  The acquisition includes improvements consisting of excavation work and foundation elements that are currently being constructed on the site. We contributed cash totaling approximately $45.6 million at closing and will contribute in the future approximately $62.2 million for our initial capital contribution, a portion of which will fund the remaining costs to complete the foundation elements to grade for the future office building.  In addition, we have provided $80.0 million of mortgage financing to the joint venture which bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.50% per annum and matures on July 13, 2023, with extension options, subject to certain conditions.

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On July 19, 2018, we completed the acquisition of Santa Monica Business Park in the Ocean Park neighborhood of Santa Monica, California for a purchase price of approximately $627.5 million, including $11.5 million of seller funded leasing costs after the effective date of the purchase and sale agreement. Santa Monica Business Park is a 47-acre office park consisting of 21 buildings totaling approximately 1.2 million net rentable square feet. Approximately 70% of the rentable square footage is subject to a ground lease with 80 years remaining, including renewal periods. The ground lease provides us with the right to purchase the land underlying the properties in 2028 with subsequent purchase rights every 15 years. The property is 94% leased. The acquisition was completed in a joint venture with Canada Pension Plan Investment Board, which invested approximately $147.4 million for a 45% ownership interest in the joint venture. We will provide customary operating, property management and leasing services to, and invested approximately $180.1 million in the joint venture. The acquisition was completed with $300.0 million of financing. The mortgage financing bears interest at a fixedvariable rate of 3.56%equal to LIBOR plus 1.28% per annum and matures on August 9, 2027. TheJuly 19, 2025. At closing, the borrower under the loan, requires interest-only payments during the 10-year termwhich is a subsidiary of the loan,joint venture, entered into interest rate swap contracts with the entire principal amount due at maturity. Colorado Center isnotional amounts aggregating $300.0 million through April 1, 2025, resulting in a six-building office complex that sits on a 15-acre site and contains an aggregatefixed rate of approximately 1,184,0004.063% per annum through the expiration of the interest rate swap contracts.
On July 27, 2018, we entered into a joint venture with our partner at The Hub on Causeway mixed-use development in Boston, Massachusetts to acquire the air rights for the development of an approximately 627,000 net rentable square feetfoot Class A office tower at the site to be known as 100 Causeway Street. The joint venture entered into a lease agreement with an underground parking garageaffiliate of Verizon Communications, Inc. under which Verizon will lease approximately 70% of the office tower for 3,100 vehiclesa term of 20 years. With the execution of the lease, the joint venture commenced development of the project. We will serve as co-development manager for the project. The joint venture partner contributed an air rights parcel and improvements, with a fair value of approximately $41.3 million, for its initial 50% interest in the joint venture. We contributed improvements totaling approximately $3.9 million and will contribute cash totaling approximately $37.4 million for our initial 50% interest. Our share of the total project cost is estimated to be approximately $270 million.
On August 7, 2018, we entered into an agreement with a third party to (1) agree to share certain pre-development costs during the pre-lease period and (2) to agree to form a joint venture to thereafter own and develop a leasehold interest in 343 Madison Avenue located in Santa Monica, California.New York City. We will serve as development manager of the project and will own a 55% interest in the joint venture. In 2016, we were selected by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority ("MTA") as the developer of the project and will enter into a pre-lease agreement and a 99-year ground lease with the MTA for the site. The site will support a Class A office tower with approximately 900,000 net rentable square feet. There can be no assurances that the transaction will be completed on the terms currently contemplated, or at all.
Critical Accounting Policies
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations discuss our Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Certain accounting policies are considered to be critical accounting policies, as they require management to make assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the estimate is made and changes in accounting estimate are reasonably likely to occur from period to period. Management bases its estimates and assumptions on historical experience and current economic conditions. On an on-going basis, management evaluates its estimates and assumptions including those related to revenue, impairment of long-lived assets and the allowance for doubtful accounts. Actual results may differ from those estimates and assumptions.
Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20162017 contains a discussion of our critical accounting policies, except for our policies established following the adoption of each of ASU 2016-092014-09, ASU 2016-15, ASU 2016-18, ASU 2017-05, ASU 2017-09 and ASU 2017-01.2017-12. The adoption of each of ASU 2016-09 and ASU 2017-01the above pronouncements is discussed in Note 2 to our Consolidated Financial Statements. Management discusses and reviews our critical accounting policies and management’s judgments and estimates with BXP’s Audit Committee.
Results of Operations for thethe Six Months EndedJune 30, 2018 and 2017and2016
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders decreasedincreased approximately $47.6$73.9 million and $54.7$84.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 2016,2017, respectively, as detailed in the following tables and for the reasons discussed below under the heading “Comparison of the six months ended June 30, 20172018 to the six months ended June 30, 2016”2017” within “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
The following are reconciliations of net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders to net operating income and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders to net operating income for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 20162017 (in thousands):

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Boston Properties, Inc.
 Total Property Portfolio Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 Increase/
(Decrease)
 %
Change
 2018 2017 Increase/(Decrease) %
Change
Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. Common Shareholders $230,764
 $278,323
 $(47,559) (17.09)% $304,682
 $230,764
 $73,918
 32.03 %
Preferred dividends 5,250
 5,207
 43
 0.83 % 5,250
 5,250
 
  %
Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. 236,014
 283,530
 (47,516) (16.76)% 309,932
 236,014
 73,918
 31.32 %
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests:                
Noncontrolling interest—common units of the Operating Partnership 26,933
 32,771
 (5,838) (17.81)% 35,311
 26,933
 8,378
 31.11 %
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 19,627
 17,278
 2,349
 13.60 % 31,634
 19,627
 12,007
 61.18 %
Net Income 282,574
 333,579
 (51,005) (15.29)% 376,877
 282,574
 94,303
 33.37 %
Gains on sales of real estate 3,900
 67,623
 (63,723) (94.23)% 114,689
 3,900
 110,789
 2,840.74 %
Income Before Gains on Sales of Real Estate 278,674
 265,956
 12,718
 4.78 % 262,188
 278,674
 (16,486) (5.92)%
Other Expenses:                
Add:                
Interest expense 190,677
 210,312
 (19,635) (9.34)% 182,424
 190,677
 (8,253) (4.33)%
Other Income:     

 
     

 
Less:                
Gains from early extinguishments of debt 14,354
 
 14,354
 100.00 % 
 14,354
 (14,354) (100.00)%
Gains from investments in securities 1,772
 737
 1,035
 140.43 % 379
 1,772
 (1,393) (78.61)%
Interest and other income 2,118
 3,029
 (911) (30.08)% 4,227
 2,118
 2,109
 99.58 %
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures 6,192
 4,025
 2,167
 53.84 % 1,230
 6,192
 (4,962) (80.14)%
Operating Income 444,915
 468,477
 (23,562) (5.03)% 438,776
 444,915
 (6,139) (1.38)%
Other Expenses:                
Add:                
Depreciation and amortization expense 311,124
 312,623
 (1,499) (0.48)% 322,214
 311,124
 11,090
 3.56 %
Transaction costs 333
 938
 (605) (64.50)% 495
 333
 162
 48.65 %
Payroll and related costs from management services contracts 4,855
 
 4,855
 100.00 %
General and administrative expense 58,527
 54,771
 3,756
 6.86 % 64,362
 58,527
 5,835
 9.97 %
Other Revenue:     

 

     

 

Less:                
Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts 4,855
 
 4,855
 100.00 %
Development and management services revenue 13,837
 12,222
 1,615
 13.21 % 17,710
 13,837
 3,873
 27.99 %
Net Operating Income $801,062
 $824,587
 $(23,525) (2.85)% $808,137
 $801,062
 $7,075
 0.88 %


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Boston Properties Limited Partnership
 Total Property Portfolio Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 Increase/
(Decrease)
 %
Change
 2018 2017 Increase/(Decrease) %
Change
Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership Common Unitholders $262,506
 $317,234
 $(54,728) (17.25)% $346,868
 $262,506
 $84,362
 32.14 %
Preferred distributions 5,250
 5,207
 43
 0.83 % 5,250
 5,250
 
  %
Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership 267,756
 322,441
 (54,685) (16.96)% 352,118
 267,756
 84,362
 31.51 %
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests:                
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 19,627
 17,278
 2,349
 13.60 % 31,634
 19,627
 12,007
 61.18 %
Net Income 287,383
 339,719
 (52,336) (15.41)% 383,752
 287,383
 96,369
 33.53 %
Gains on sales of real estate 4,477
 69,792
 (65,315) (93.59)% 117,677
 4,477
 113,200
 2,528.48 %
Income Before Gains on Sales of Real Estate 282,906
 269,927
 12,979
 4.81 % 266,075
 282,906
 (16,831) (5.95)%
Other Expenses:                
Add:                
Interest expense 190,677
 210,312
 (19,635) (9.34)% 182,424
 190,677
 (8,253) (4.33)%
Other Income:                
Less:                
Gains from early extinguishments of debt 14,354
 
 14,354
 100.00 % 
 14,354
 (14,354) (100.00)%
Gains from investments in securities 1,772
 737
 1,035
 140.43 % 379
 1,772
 (1,393) (78.61)%
Interest and other income 2,118
 3,029
 (911) (30.08)% 4,227
 2,118
 2,109
 99.58 %
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures 6,192
 4,025
 2,167
 53.84 % 1,230
 6,192
 (4,962) (80.14)%
Operating Income 449,147
 472,448
 (23,301) (4.93)% 442,663
 449,147

(6,484) (1.44)%
Other Expenses:                
Add:                
Depreciation and amortization expense 306,892
 308,652
 (1,760) (0.57)% 318,327
 306,892
 11,435
 3.73 %
Transaction costs 333
 938
 (605) (64.50)% 495
 333
 162
 48.65 %
Payroll and related costs from management services contracts 4,855
 
 4,855
 100.00 %
General and administrative expense 58,527
 54,771
 3,756
 6.86 % 64,362
 58,527
 5,835
 9.97 %
Other Revenue:                
Less:                
Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts 4,855
 
 4,855
 100.00 %
Development and management services revenue 13,837
 12,222
 1,615
 13.21 % 17,710
 13,837
 3,873
 27.99 %
Net Operating Income $801,062
 $824,587
 $(23,525) (2.85)% $808,137
 $801,062
 $7,075
 0.88 %


At June 30, 20172018 and June 30, 2016,2017, we owned or had interests in a portfolio of 175178 and 168175 properties, respectively (in each case, the “Total Property Portfolio”). As a result of changes within our Total Property Portfolio, the financial data presented below shows significant changes in revenue and expenses from period-to-period. Accordingly, we do not believe that our period-to-period financial data with respect to the Total Property Portfolio is necessarily meaningful.provides a complete picture of our performance. Therefore, the comparison of operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 20162017 show separately the changes attributable to the properties that were owned by us and in-service throughout each period compared (the “Same Property Portfolio”) and the changes attributable to the properties included in the Placed In-Service, Acquired, Development or Redevelopment or Sold Portfolios.
In our analysis of operating results, particularly to make comparisons of net operating income between periods meaningful, it is important to provide information for properties that were in-service and owned by us throughout each period presented. We refer to properties acquired or placed in-service prior to the beginning of the earliest period presented and owned by us and in-service through the end of the latest period presented as our Same Property Portfolio. The Same Property Portfolio therefore excludes properties placed in-service, acquired or in

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development or redevelopment after the beginning of the earliest period presented or disposed of prior to the end of the latest period presented.

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Net operating income (“NOI”) is a non-GAAP financial measure equal to net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders orand net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders, as applicable, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, plus (1) preferred dividends/distributions, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, interest expense, depreciation and amortization expense, transaction costs, payroll and related costs from management services contracts and corporate general and administrative expense less (2) gains on sales of real estate, gains from early extinguishments of debt, gains from investments in securities, interest and other income, income from unconsolidated joint ventures, direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts and development and management services revenue. We use NOI internally as a performance measure and believe it provides useful information to investors regarding our financial condition and results of operations and financial condition because, when compared across periods, it reflects the impact on operations from trends in occupancy rates, rental rates, operating costs and acquisition and development activity on an unleveraged basis, providing perspective not immediately apparent from net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders. For example, interest expense is not necessarily linked to the operating performance of a real estate asset and is often incurred at the corporate level as opposed to the property level. Similarly, interest expense may be incurred at the property level even though the financing proceeds may be used at the corporate level (e.g., used for other investment activity). In addition, depreciation and amortization expense, because of historical cost accounting and useful life estimates, depreciation and amortization expense may distort operating performance measures at the property level. NOI presented by us may not be comparable to NOI reported by other REITs or real estate companies that define NOI differently.
We believe that, in order to facilitate a clear understanding of our operating results, NOI should be examined in conjunction with net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders as presented in our Consolidated Financial Statements. NOI should not be considered as a substitute for net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders or net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders (determined in accordance with GAAP) or any other GAAP financial measures and should only be considered together with and as a supplement to our financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP.
The gains on sales of real estate and depreciation expense may differ between BXP and BPLP as a result of previously applied acquisition accounting by BXP for the issuance of common stock in connection with non-sponsor OP Unit redemptions by BPLP. This accounting resulted in a step-up of the real estate assets at BXP that was allocated to certain properties. The difference between the real estate assets of BXP as compared to BPLP for certain properties having an allocation of the real estate step-up will result in a corresponding difference in the gains on sales of real estate and depreciation expense when those properties are sold. For additional information see the Explanatory Note that follows the cover page of this Form 10-Q.
Comparison of the six months ended June 30, 20172018 to the six months ended June 30, 2016.2017.
The table below shows selected operating information for the Same Property Portfolio and the Total Property Portfolio. The Same Property Portfolio consists of 144146 properties totaling approximately 38.639.2 million net rentable square feet of space, excluding unconsolidated joint ventures. The Same Property Portfolio includes properties acquired or fully placed in-service on or prior to January 1, 20162017 and owned and in-service through June 30, 2017.2018. The Total Property Portfolio includes the effects of the other properties either placed in-service, acquired or in development or redevelopment after January 1, 20162017 or disposed of on or prior to June 30, 2017.2018. This table includes a reconciliation from the Same Property Portfolio to the Total Property Portfolio by also providing information for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 20162017 with respect to the properties that were placed in-service, acquired, in development or redevelopment or sold.


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Same Property Portfolio 
Properties
Placed In-Service
Portfolio
 Properties
Acquired Portfolio
 
Properties in
Development or
Redevelopment
Portfolio
 Properties Sold Portfolio Total Property PortfolioSame Property Portfolio 
Properties
Placed In-Service
Portfolio
 Properties
Acquired Portfolio
 
Properties in
Development or
Redevelopment
Portfolio
 Properties Sold Portfolio Total Property Portfolio
(dollars in thousands)2017 2016 
Increase/
(Decrease)
 
%
Change
 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 
Increase/
(Decrease)
 
%
Change
2018 2017 
Increase/
(Decrease)
 
%
Change
 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 
Increase/
(Decrease)
 
%
Change
Rental Revenue:                                                              
Rental Revenue$1,189,467
 $1,152,132
 $37,335
 3.24 % $32,536
 $17,654
 $3,321
 $1,092
 $2,648
 $14,987
 $846
 $2,782
 $1,228,818
 $1,188,647
 $40,171
 3.38 %$1,237,194
 $1,211,474
 $25,720
 2.12 % $26,447
 $5,888
 $1,478
 $363
 $1,710
 $2,648
 $1,494
 $8,445
 $1,268,323
 $1,228,818
 $39,505
 3.21 %
Termination Income18,991
 58,846
 (39,855) (67.73)% 
 
 
 
 (1,472) 114
 
 
 17,519
 58,960
 (41,441) (70.29)%2,075
 18,987
 (16,912) (89.07)% 
 
 
 
 5
 (1,472) 
 4
 2,080
 17,519
 (15,439) (88.13)%
Total Rental Revenue1,208,458
 1,210,978
 (2,520) (0.21)% 32,536
 17,654
 3,321
 1,092
 1,176
 15,101
 846
 2,782
 1,246,337
 1,247,607
 (1,270) (0.10)%1,239,269
 1,230,461
 8,808
 0.72 % 26,447
 5,888
 1,478
 363
 1,715
 1,176
 1,494
 8,449
 1,270,403
 1,246,337
 24,066
 1.93 %
Real Estate Operating Expenses436,730
 422,204
 14,526
 3.44 % 9,347
 4,381
 757
 284
 8,108
 5,915
 613
 1,120
 455,555
 433,904
 21,651
 4.99 %459,623
 441,043
 18,580
 4.21 % 11,115
 2,508
 631
 175
 782
 8,108
 783
 3,721
 472,934
 455,555
 17,379
 3.81 %
Net Operating Income (Loss), excluding residential and hotel771,728
 788,774
 (17,046) (2.16)% 23,189
 13,273
 2,564
 808
 (6,932) 9,186
 233
 1,662
 790,782
 813,703
 (22,921) (2.82)%779,646
 789,418
 (9,772) (1.24)% 15,332
 3,380
 847
 188
 933

(6,932) 711
 4,728
 797,469
 790,782
 6,687
 0.85 %
Residential Net Operating Income (1)4,980
 4,931
 49
 0.99 % 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4,980
 4,931
 49
 0.99 %
Residential Net Operating Income (Loss) (1)5,194
 4,980
 214
 4.30 % (1,421) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3,773
 4,980
 (1,207) (24.24)%
Hotel Net Operating Income (1)5,300
 5,953
 (653) (10.97)% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5,300
 5,953
 (653) (10.97)%6,895
 5,300
 1,595
 30.09 % 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 6,895
 5,300
 1,595
 30.09 %
Net Operating Income (Loss) (1)$782,008
 $799,658
 $(17,650) (2.21)% $23,189
 $13,273
 $2,564
 $808
 $(6,932) $9,186
 $233
 $1,662
 $801,062
 $824,587
 $(23,525) (2.85)%$791,735
 $799,698
 $(7,963) (1.00)% $13,911
 $3,380
 $847
 $188
 $933
 $(6,932) $711
 $4,728
 $808,137
 $801,062
 $7,075
 0.88 %
_______________  
(1)For a detailed discussion of NOI, including the reasons management believes NOI is useful to investors, see page 48.50. Residential Net Operating Income for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 20162017 is comprised of Residential Revenue of $8,166$8,958 and $8,137,$8,166, less Residential Expenses of $3,186$5,185 and $3,206,$3,186, respectively. Hotel Net Operating Income for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 20162017 is comprised of Hotel Revenue of $20,795$23,709 and $21,565$20,795 less Hotel Expenses of $15,495$16,814 and $15,612,$15,495, respectively, per the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

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Same Property Portfolio
Rental Revenue
Rental revenue from the Same Property Portfolio increased by approximately $37.3$25.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 2016.2017. The increase was primarily the result of an increase in revenue from our leases and parking and other income of approximately $36.5$24.7 million and $1.6$1.0 million, respectively, partially offset by a decrease in other tenant recoveries of approximately $0.8 million.respectively. Rental revenue from our leases increased approximately $36.5$24.7 million as a result of our average revenue per square foot increasing by approximately $2.25,$1.38, which contributed approximately $39.0$23.8 million, partially offset by a decreaseand an increase of approximately $2.5$0.9 million due to a decreasean increase in average occupancy from 91.8%91.6% to 91.6%91.7%.
Termination Income
Termination income decreased by approximately $39.9$16.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 2016.2017.
Termination income for the six months ended June 30, 2018 related to seventeen tenants across the Same Property Portfolio and totaled approximately $2.1 million, of which approximately $1.1 million is from a tenant that terminated its lease early at a CBD property in Washington, DC.
Termination income for the six months ended June 30, 2017 related to twentynineteen tenants across the Same Property Portfolio and totaled approximately $19.0 million, of which approximately $11.2 million and $5.1 million are from tenants that terminated leases early at 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) and 399 Park Avenue, respectively. Both of these buildings are located in New York City. In addition, we received the fifth interim distribution from our unsecured credit claim against Lehman Brothers, Inc. of approximately $0.4 million (See Note 76 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). Recently, claims of similar priority to that of our remaining claim were quoted privately reflecting a value for our remaining claim of approximately $1.0 million; however, there can be no assurance as to the timing or amount of additional proceeds, if any, that we may receive.
Termination income for the six months ended June 30, 2016 related to twenty-six tenants across the Same Property Portfolio and totaled approximately $58.8 million, of which approximately $58.2 million was from our New York region. On February 3, 2016, we entered into a lease termination agreement with a tenant for an approximately 85,000 square foot lease at our 250 West 55th Street property located in New York City.  The lease was scheduled to expire on February 28, 2035.  In consideration for the termination of the lease, the tenant paid us approximately $45.0 million. In addition, we received notice that we would receive the fourth interim distribution from our unsecured credit claim against Lehman Brothers, Inc. of approximately $1.4 million, which we accrued during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and received on July 5, 2016 (See Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). The remaining approximately $11.8 million of termination income from the New York region was primarily related to negotiated early releases with three other tenants.
Real Estate Operating Expenses
Real estate operating expenses from the Same Property Portfolio increased by approximately $14.5$18.6 million, or 4.2%, for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 20162017 due primarily to increases in real estate taxes, utilities, and other real estate operating expenses of approximately $10.3$10.7 million, or 5.1%5.0%, $4.0 million, or 7.3%, and $4.2$3.9 million, or 1.9%2.3%, respectively. The increase in real estate taxes was primarily experienced in the New York CBD properties. The increase in utilities was primarily experienced in the Boston CBD properties.
Properties Placed In-Service Portfolio
The table below lists the properties placed in-service or partially placed in-service from January 1, 20162017 through June 30, 2017.2018. Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses from our Properties Placed In-Service Portfolio increased by approximately $14.9$21.2 million and $5.0$10.6 million, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 20162017 as detailed below.

  Quarter Initially Placed In-Service Quarter Fully Placed In-Service   Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name   Square Feet 2017 2016 Change 2017 2016 Change
        (dollars in thousands)
601 Massachusetts Avenue Third Quarter, 2015 Second Quarter, 2016 478,751
 $18,306
 $16,300
 $2,006
 $4,555
 $3,630
 $925
804 Carnegie Center Second Quarter, 2016 Second Quarter, 2016 130,000
 2,796
 1,163
 1,633
 709
 702
 7
10 CityPoint Second Quarter, 2016 Second Quarter, 2016 241,460
 5,546
 191
 5,355
 1,575
 49
 1,526
Reservoir Place North Second Quarter, 2016 Second Quarter, 2017 73,258
 
 
 
 122
 
 122
888 Boylston Street Third Quarter, 2016 N/A 425,000
 5,888
 
 5,888
 2,386
 
 2,386
      1,348,469
 $32,536
 $17,654
 $14,882
 $9,347
 $4,381
 $4,966

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  Quarter Initially Placed In-Service Quarter Fully Placed In-Service   Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name   Square Feet 2018 2017 Change 2018 2017 Change
        (dollars in thousands)
Office                  
Reservoir Place North Second Quarter, 2016 Second Quarter, 2017 73,258
 $
 $
 $
 $247
 $122
 $125
888 Boylston Street Third Quarter, 2016 Third Quarter, 2017 417,320
 15,370
 5,888
 9,482
 4,430
 2,386
 2,044
191 Spring Street Fourth Quarter, 2017 N/A 171,000
 1,850
 
 1,850
 852
 
 852
Salesforce Tower Fourth Quarter, 2017 N/A 1,400,000
 9,227
 
 9,227
 5,586
 
 5,586
Total Office     2,061,578
 26,447
 5,888
 20,559
 11,115
 2,508
 8,607
                   
Residential                  
Signature at Reston First Quarter, 2018 Second Quarter, 2018 517,847
 567
 
 567
 1,837
 
 1,837
Proto Kendall Square Second Quarter, 2018 N/A 166,500
 43
 
 43
 194
 
 194
Total Residential     684,347
 610
 
 610
 2,031
 
 2,031
      2,745,925
 $27,057
 $5,888
 $21,169
 $13,146
 $2,508
 $10,638
Properties Acquired Portfolio
The table below lists the properties acquired between January 1, 20162017 and June 30, 2017.2018. Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses increased by approximately $2.2$1.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 2016,2017, as detailed below.
   Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses   Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name Date acquired Square Feet 2017 2016 Change 2017 2016 Change Date acquired Square Feet 2018 2017 Change 2018 2017 Change
   (dollars in thousands)   (dollars in thousands)
3625-3635 Peterson Way April 22, 2016 218,366
 $2,958
 $1,092
 $1,866
 $582
 $284
 $298
103 Carnegie Center May 15, 2017 96,332
 363 
 363
 175
 
 175
 May 15, 2017 96,332
 $1,478
 $363
 $1,115
 $631
 $175
 $456
 314,698
 $3,321
 $1,092
 $2,229
 $757
 $284
 $473
Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio
The table below lists the properties we placed in development or redevelopment between January 1, 20162017 and June 30, 2017.2018. Rental revenue increased by approximately $0.5 million and real estate operating expenses from our Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio decreased by approximately $13.9$7.3 million, and increased approximately $2.2 million, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 2016,2017, as detailed below.
   Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses   Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name Date commenced development / redevelopment Square Feet 2017 2016 Change 2017 2016 Change Date commenced development / redevelopment Square Feet 2018 2017 Change 2018 2017 Change
   (dollars in thousands)   (dollars in thousands)
One Five Nine East 53rd Street (1) August 19, 2016 220,000
 $434
 $10,601
 $(10,167) $4,358
 $3,969
 $389
 August 19, 2016 220,000
 $1,715
 $434
 $1,281
 $782
 $4,358
 $(3,576)
191 Spring Street (2) December 29, 2016 160,000
 
 2,455
 (2,455) 2,588
 1,029
 1,559
 December 29, 2016 160,000
 
 
 
 
 2,588
 (2,588)
145 Broadway (3) April 6, 2017 79,616
 742 2,045
 (1,303) 1,162
 917
 245
 April 6, 2017 79,616
 
 742
 (742) 
 1,162
 (1,162)
 459,616
 $1,176
 $15,101
 $(13,925) $8,108
 $5,915
 $2,193
 459,616
 $1,715
 $1,176
 $539
 $782
 $8,108
 $(7,326)
___________
(1)
This is the low-rise portion of 601 Lexington Avenue in New York City. Rental revenue includes termination income of approximately $(1.5)$5,000 and $(1.5) million and $0.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. In addition, real estate operating expense for the six months ended June 30, 2017 includes approximately $3.6 million of demolition costs.

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estate operating expenses include demolition costs of approximately $3.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017.
(2)Real estate operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2017 includesinclude approximately $2.6 million of demolition costs.
(3)On April 6, 2017, we commenced the development of 145 Broadway, a build-to-suit Class A office project with approximately 485,000 net rentable square feet located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Real estate operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2017 includesinclude approximately $0.8 million of demolition costs.

Properties Sold Portfolio
The table below lists the properties we sold between January 1, 20162017 and June 30, 2017.2018. Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses from our Properties Sold Portfolio decreased by approximately $1.9$7.0 million and $0.5$2.9 million, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 20162017, as detailed below.
     ��  Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name Date Sold Property Type Square Feet 2017 2016 Change 2017 2016 Change
        (dollars in thousands)
415 Main Street February 1, 2016 Office 231,000
 $
 $1,675
 $(1,675) $
 $412
 $(412)
30 Shattuck Road April 19, 2017 Land N/A
 
 
 
 14
 23
 (9)
40 Shattuck Road June 13, 2017 Office 122,000
 846 1,107
 (261) 599
 685
 (86)
      353,000
 $846

$2,782

$(1,936) $613
 $1,120
 $(507)

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        Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name Date Sold Property Type Square Feet 2018 2017 Change 2018 2017 Change
        (dollars in thousands)
30 Shattuck Road April 19, 2017 Land N/A
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $14
 $(14)
40 Shattuck Road June 13, 2017 Office 122,000
 
 846
 (846) 
 599
 (599)
Reston Eastgate August 30, 2017 Land N/A
 
 
 
 
 57
 (57)
500 E Street, S.W. January 9, 2018 Office 262,000
 270
 6,032
 (5,762) 129
 2,244
 (2,115)
91 Hartwell Avenue May 24, 2018 Office 119,000
 1,224
 1,571
 (347) 654
 807
 (153)
      503,000
 $1,494

$8,449

$(6,955) $783
 $3,721
 $(2,938)

Residential Net Operating Income
Net operating income for our residential same properties increased by approximately $49,000$0.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 2016.2017.
The following reflects our occupancy and rate information for The Lofts at Atlantic Wharf and The Avant at Reston Town Center for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016.2017.

 The Lofts at Atlantic Wharf The Avant at Reston Town Center The Lofts at Atlantic Wharf The Avant at Reston Town Center
 2017 2016 Percentage
Change
 2017 2016 Percentage
Change
 2018 2017 Percentage
Change
 2018 2017 Percentage
Change
Average Monthly Rental Rate (1) $4,224
 $4,153
 1.7 % $2,378
 $2,347
 1.3 % $4,177
 $4,224
 (1.1)% $2,384
 $2,378
 0.3%
Average Rental Rate Per Occupied Square Foot $4.69
 $4.57
 2.6 % $2.61
 $2.57
 1.6 % $4.65
 $4.69
 (0.9)% $2.63
 $2.61
 0.8%
Average Physical Occupancy (2) 94.6% 96.1% (1.6)% 92.9% 93.4% (0.5)% 92.3% 94.6% (2.4)% 95.5% 92.9% 2.8%
Average Economic Occupancy (3) 95.3% 97.6% (2.4)% 92.2% 93.3% (1.2)% 91.5% 95.3% (4.0)% 94.3% 92.2% 2.3%
___________  
(1)
Average Monthly Rental Rate is definedRates are calculated by the Company as the average of the quotients obtained by dividing (A) rental revenue as determined in accordance with GAAP divided by (B) the weighted monthly average number of occupied units. units for each month within the applicable fiscal period.
(2)Average Physical Occupancy is defined as (1) the average number of occupied units divided by (2) the total number of units, expressed as a percentage.
(3)Average Economic Occupancy is defined as (1) total possible revenue less vacancy loss divided by (2) total possible revenue, expressed as a percentage of total possible revenue.percentage. Total possible revenue is determined by valuing average occupied units at contract rates and average vacant units at Market Rents. Vacancy loss is determined by valuing vacant units at current Market Rents. By measuring vacant units at their Market Rents, Average Economic Occupancy takes into account the fact that units of different sizes and locations within a residential property have different economic impacts on a residential property’sproperty's total possible gross revenue. Market Rents used by us in calculating Economic Occupancy are based on the current market rates set by the managers of our residential properties based on their experience in renting their residential property’s units and publicly available market data. Trends in market rents for a region as reported by others could vary. Market Rents for a period are based on the average Market Rents during that period and do not reflect any impact for cash concessions.

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could vary. Market Rents for a period are based on the average Market Rents during that period and do not reflect any impact for cash concessions.
Hotel Net Operating Income
Net operating income for the Boston Marriott Cambridge hotel property decreased by approximately $0.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016, which was partially due to the hotel undergoing a rooms renovation project on all of its 433 rooms that was substantially completed during the first half of 2017. We expect our hotel to contribute between $13 million and $15 million to net operating income for 2017.
The following reflects our occupancy and rate information for the Boston Marriott Cambridge hotel for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016.
  2017 2016 
Percentage
Change
Occupancy 76.3% 79.7% (4.3)%
Average daily rate $268.01
 $263.61
 1.7 %
Revenue per available room, REVPAR $204.37
 $210.21
 (2.8)%
Other Operating Income and Expense Items
Development and Management Services
Development and management services revenue increased an aggregate of approximately $1.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016. Development and management services revenue increased by approximately $0.1 million and $1.5 million, respectively. Management services revenue increased primarily due to property management fees we earned from our Colorado Center unconsolidated joint venture, which we acquired on July 1, 2016, in Santa Monica, California, as well as an increase in service income that we earned from our tenants. We expect our development and management services revenue to contribute between $30 million and $33 million for 2017.

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General and Administrative
General and administrative expense increased approximately $3.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016 primarily due to compensation expense and other general and administrative expenses increasing by approximately $3.1 million and $0.7 million, respectively. The increase in compensation expense was primarily related to (1) an approximately $1.0 million increase in the value of our deferred compensation plan, (2) an approximately $1.5 million difference between the unrecognized expense remaining from the 2014 MYLTIP Units compared to the expense that was recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2017 for the newly issued 2017 MYLTIP Units (See Notes 8 and 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements) and (3) an increase in other compensation related expenses of approximately $0.6 million. The increase in other general and administrative expenses was primarily related to the write off of the remaining fees associated with BXP’s ATM stock offering program that expired on June 3, 2017 and an increase in other professional fees. We expect our general and administrative expenses to be between $110 million and $115 million for 2017.
Wages directly related to the development and leasing of rental properties are capitalized and included in real estate assets or deferred charges on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized over the useful lives of the applicable asset. Capitalized wages for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 were approximately $8.9 million and $8.8 million, respectively. These costs are not included in the general and administrative expenses discussed above.
Transaction Costs
Transaction costs decreased approximately $0.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016. This decrease was primarily related to the acquisition of 3625-3635 Peterson Way in Santa Clara, California, which was completed on April 22, 2016, and the acquisition of a 49.8% interest in an existing joint venture that owns and operates Colorado Center in Santa Monica, California on July 1, 2016. In general, transaction costs relate to the formation of new and pending joint ventures, pending and completed asset sales and the pursuit of other transactions, including acquisitions. However, in January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business” (“ASU 2017-01”) and we chose to early adopt it during the first quarter of 2017. We expect that acquisitions of real estate or in-substance real estate will not meet the revised definition of a business and as such we expect we will no longer be required to expense transaction costs for acquisitions (See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation expense may differ between BXP and BPLP as a result of previously applied acquisition accounting by BXP for the issuance of common stock in connection with non-sponsor OP Unit redemptions by BPLP.  This accounting resulted in a step-up of the real estate assets at BXP that was allocated to certain properties.  The difference between the real estate assets of BXP as compared to BPLP for certain properties having an allocation of the real estate step-up will result in a corresponding difference in depreciation expense. For additional information, see the Explanatory Note that follows the cover page of this Form 10-Q.
Boston Properties, Inc.
Depreciation and amortization expense decreased approximately $1.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016, as detailed below.
  Depreciation and Amortization Expense for the six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 Change
  (in thousands)
Same Property Portfolio $299,046
 $306,033
 $(6,987)
Properties Placed in-Service Portfolio 6,935
 3,051
 3,884
Properties Acquired Portfolio 1,947
 746
 1,201
Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio 2,924
 2,276
 648
Properties Sold Portfolio 272
 517
 (245)
  $311,124
 $312,623
 $(1,499)

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Boston Properties Limited Partnership
Depreciation and amortization expense decreased approximately $1.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016, as detailed below.
  Depreciation and Amortization Expense for the six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 Change
  (in thousands)
Same Property Portfolio $294,814
 $302,062
 $(7,248)
Properties Placed in-Service Portfolio 6,935
 3,051
 3,884
Properties Acquired Portfolio 1,947
 746
 1,201
Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio 2,924
 2,276
 648
Properties Sold Portfolio 272
 517
 (245)
  $306,892
 $308,652
 $(1,760)
Other Income and Expense Items
Income from Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
For the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016, income from unconsolidated joint ventures increased by approximately $2.2 million due primarily to an increase in our share of net income from Colorado Center, which we acquired on July 1, 2016, located in Santa Monica, California partially offset by a decrease in our share of net income from the Annapolis Junction joint venture. The decrease in our share of net income from our Annapolis Junction joint venture is primarily due to a decrease in occupancy as well as an increase in interest expense related to Annapolis Junction Building One’s mortgage loan having an event of default and, commencing October 17, 2016, the property being charged interest at the default interest rate. For additional information pertaining to the Annapolis Junction Building One mortgage loan refer to “Item 2Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Capitalization—Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements—Joint Venture Indebtedness.
Interest and Other Income
Interest and other income decreased approximately $0.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016 due primarily to a decrease in our average cash balance for the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016.
Gains from Early Extinguishments of Debt
On June 7, 2017, our consolidated entity in which we have a 60% ownership interest and that owns 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) located in New York City completed the refinancing of approximately $1.6 billion of indebtedness that had been secured by direct and indirect interests in 767 Fifth Avenue. The new mortgage financing has a principal amount of $2.3 billion, bears interest at a fixed interest rate of 3.43% per annum and matures on June 9, 2027. The loan requires interest-only payments during the 10-year term of the loan, with the entire principal amount due at maturity. The extinguished debt bore interest at a weighted-average rate of approximately 5.96% per annum, an effective GAAP interest rate of approximately 3.03% per annum and was scheduled to mature on October 7, 2017. There was no prepayment penalty associated with the repayment of the prior indebtedness. We recognized a net gain from early extinguishment of debt totaling approximately $14.6 million primarily consisting of the acceleration of the remaining balance related to the historical fair value debt adjustment.
On April 24, 2017, BPLP entered into the 2017 Credit Facility (See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). Certain lenders, under the prior credit facility, chose to not participate in the 2017 Credit Facility and as such we recognized a loss on early extinguishment of debt of approximately $0.3 million related to the acceleration of finance fees related to the prior credit agreement.
Gains from Investments in Securities
Gains from investments in securities for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 related to investments that we have made to reduce our market risk relating to a deferred compensation plan that we maintain for BXP’s officers. Under this deferred compensation plan, each officer who is eligible to participate is permitted to defer a portion of the officer’s current income on a pre-tax basis and receive a tax-deferred return on these deferrals based on the performance of specific investments selected by the officer. In order to reduce our market risk relating to this plan, we typically acquire, in a separate account that is

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not restricted as to its use, similar or identical investments as those selected by each officer. This enables us to generally match our liabilities to BXP’s officers under the deferred compensation plan with equivalent assets and thereby limit our market risk. The performance of these investments is recorded as gains from investments in securities. During the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, we recognized gains of approximately $1.8 million and $0.7 million, respectively, on these investments. By comparison, our general and administrative expense increased by approximately $1.8 million and $0.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, as a result of an increase in our liability under our deferred compensation plan that were associated with the performance of the specific investments selected by our officers participating in the plan.
Interest Expense
Interest expense decreased approximately $19.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016 as detailed below.
Component Change in interest
expense for the six months ended
June 30, 2017 compared to June 30, 2016
  (in thousands)
Increases to interest expense due to:  
Issuance of $1.0 billion in aggregate principal of 2.750% senior notes due 2026 on August 17, 2016 $16,528
Issuance of $1.0 billion in aggregate principal of 3.650% senior notes due 2026 on January 20, 2016 1,951
Refinancing of the debt collateralized by 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) (1) 1,538
Utilization of the Unsecured Line of Credit as well as an increase in capacity due to the execution of the 2017 Credit Facility (1) 1,462
Amortization of deferred financing fees for BPLP’s unsecured debt and credit facility 662
Total increases to interest expense 22,141
Decreases to interest expense due to:  
Repayment of mortgage financings (2) (33,869)
Increase in capitalized interest (3) (7,460)
Decrease in the interest for the Outside Members’ Notes Payable for the 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) (4) (439)
Other interest expense (excluding senior notes) (8)
Total decreases to interest expense (41,776)
Total change in interest expense $(19,635)
___________  
(1)See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
(2)Includes the repayment of the mortgage loans collateralized Fountain Square, Embarcadero Center Four and 599 Lexington Avenue.
(3)
The increase was primarily due to the commencement and continuation of several development projects. For a list of development projects refer to “Liquidity and Capital Resources” within “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
(4)
The related interest expense from the Outside Members’ Notes Payable totaled approximately $16.3 million and $16.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. These amounts are allocated to the outside joint venture partners as an adjustment to Noncontrolling Interests in Property Partnerships in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. On June 7, 2017, a portion of the outside members’ notes payable was repaid and the remaining portion was contributed as equity in the consolidated entity (See Notes 5 and 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).

Interest expense directly related to the development of rental properties is capitalized and included in real estate assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized over the useful lives of the real estate. As portions of properties are placed in-service, we cease capitalizing interest on that portion and interest is then expensed. Interest capitalized for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 was approximately $26.6 million and $19.2 million, respectively. These costs are not included in the interest expense referenced above.

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We estimate net interest expense, which includes debt extinguishment costs, will be approximately $355 million to $368 million for 2017. This amount is net of approximately $50 million to $60 million of estimated capitalized interest. In addition, if we refinance, prepay or repurchase existing indebtedness prior to its maturity, we may incur prepayment penalties, realize the acceleration of amortized costs, and our actual interest expense may differ materially from the estimates above.
At June 30, 2017, our variable rate debt consisted of BPLP’s $2.0 billion 2017 Credit Facility, of which no amount was outstanding at June 30, 2017. For a summary of our consolidated debt as of June 30, 2017 and June 30, 2016 refer to the heading “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capitalization—Debt Financing” within “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Gains on Sales of Real Estate
The gains on sales of real estate may differ between BXP and BPLP as a result of previously applied acquisition accounting by BXP for the issuance of common stock in connection with non-sponsor OP Unit redemptions by BPLP. This accounting resulted in a step-up of the real estate assets at BXP that was allocated to certain properties. The difference between the real estate assets of BXP as compared to BPLP for certain properties having an allocation of the real estate step-up will result in a corresponding difference in the gains on sales of real estate when those properties are sold. For additional information, see the Explanatory Note that follows the cover page of this Form 10-Q.
Boston Properties, Inc.
Gains on sales of real estate decreased approximately $63.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016, respectively, as detailed below.
Name Date Sold Property Type Square Feet Sale Price Cash Proceeds Gain on Sale of Real Estate 
        (dollars in millions) 
2017             
30 Shattuck Road April 19, 2017 Land N/A $5.0
 $5.0
 $3.7
 
40 Shattuck Road June 13, 2017 Office 122,000 12.0
 11.9
 
(1)
        $17.0
 $16.9
 $3.7
(2)
2016             
415 Main Street February 1, 2016 Office 231,000 $105.4
 $104.9
 $60.8
 
        $105.4
 $104.9
 $60.8
(3)
___________  
(1)The gain on sale of real estate for this property was $28,000.
(2)Excludes approximately $0.1 million of a gain on sale of real estate recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2017 related to a previously deferred gain amount from the 2015 sale of the Residences on The Avenue residential property located in Washington, DC.
(3)Excludes approximately $6.8 million of a gain on sale of real estate recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2016 related to a previously deferred gain amount from the 2014 sale of Patriots Park located in Reston, Virginia.


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Boston Properties Limited Partnership
Gains on sales of real estate decreased approximately $65.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016, respectively, as detailed below.
Name Date Sold Property Type Square Feet Sale Price Cash Proceeds Gain on Sale of Real Estate 
        (dollars in millions) 
2017             
30 Shattuck Road April 19, 2017 Land N/A $5.0
 $5.0
 $3.7
 
40 Shattuck Road June 13, 2017 Office 122,000 12.0
 11.9
 0.6
 
        $17.0
 $16.9
 $4.3
(1)
2016             
415 Main Street February 1, 2016 Office 231,000 $105.4
 $104.9
 $63.0
 
        $105.4
 $104.9
 $63.0
(2)
___________  
(1)Excludes approximately $0.1 million of a gain on sale of real estate recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2017 related to a previously deferred gain amount from the 2015 sale of the Residences on The Avenue residential property located in Washington, DC.
(2)Excludes approximately $6.8 million of a gain on sale of real estate recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2016 related to a previously deferred gain amount from the 2014 sale of Patriots Park located in Reston, Virginia.

Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships increased by approximately $2.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016 as detailed below.
Property Noncontrolling Interests in Property Partnerships for the six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 Change
  (in thousands)
Salesforce Tower $(195) $
 $(195)
767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) (1) (2,958) (9,539) 6,581
Times Square Tower 13,261
 13,474
 (213)
601 Lexington Avenue (2) 3,532
 6,920
 (3,388)
100 Federal Street 1,308
 1,796
 (488)
Atlantic Wharf Office 4,679
 4,627
 52
  $19,627
 $17,278
 $2,349
___________
(1)
The net loss allocation is primarily due to the partners’ share of the interest expense for the outside members’ notes payable which was $16.3 million and $16.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. On June 7, 2017, a portion of the outside members’ notes payable was repaid and the remaining portion was contributed as equity in the consolidated entity (See Notes 5 and 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
(2)On August 19, 2016, the consolidated entity in which we have a 55% interest and that owns this property commenced the redevelopment of the six-story low-rise office and retail building component of the complex. The redeveloped portion of the low-rise building will contain approximately 195,000 net rentable square feet of Class A office space and approximately 25,000 net rentable square feet of retail space.
Noncontrolling interest - Common Units of the Operating Partnership
For BXP, noncontrolling interest–common units of the Operating Partnership decreased by approximately $5.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016 due primarily to decreases in allocable income, which was the result of recognizing a greater gain on sales of real estate amount during 2016 and in the noncontrolling interest’s ownership percentage. Due to our UPREIT ownership structure, there is no corresponding line item on BPLP’s financial statements.

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Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2017 and 2016
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders increased approximately $37.1 million and $41.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016, respectively, as detailed in the following tables and for the reasons discussed below under the heading “Comparison of the three months ended June 30, 2017 to the three months ended June 30, 2016” within “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Below are reconciliations of net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders to NOI and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders to NOI for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016. For a detailed discussion of NOI, including the reasons management believes NOI is useful to investors, see page 48.


Boston Properties, Inc.
  Total Property Portfolio
  2017 2016 Increase/
(Decrease)
 %
Change
  (in thousands)
Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. Common Shareholders $133,709
 $96,597
 $37,112
 38.42 %
Preferred dividends 2,625
 2,589
 36
 1.39 %
Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. 136,334
 99,186
 37,148
 37.45 %
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests:        
Noncontrolling interest—common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership 15,473
 11,357
 4,116
 36.24 %
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 15,203
 6,814
 8,389
 123.11 %
Net Income 167,010
 117,357
 49,653
 42.31 %
Gains on sales of real estate 3,767
 
 3,767
 100.00 %
Income Before Gains on Sales of Real Estate 163,243
 117,357
 45,886
 39.10 %
Other Expenses:        
Add:        
Interest expense 95,143
 105,003
 (9,860) (9.39)%
Other Income:        
Less:        
Gains from early extinguishments of debt
14,354
 
 14,354
 100.00 %
Gains from investments in securities 730
 478
 252
 52.72 %
Interest and other income 1,504
 1,524
 (20) (1.31)%
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures 3,108
 2,234
 874
 39.12 %
Operating Income 238,690
 218,124
 20,566
 9.43 %
Other Expenses:        
Add:        
Depreciation and amortization expense 151,919
 153,175
 (1,256) (0.82)%
Transaction costs 299
 913
 (614) (67.25)%
General and administrative expense 27,141
 25,418
 1,723
 6.78 %
Other Revenue:        
Less:        
Development and management services revenue 7,365
 5,533
 1,832
 33.11 %
Net Operating Income $410,684
 $392,097
 $18,587
 4.74 %




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Boston Properties Limited Partnership
  Total Property Portfolio
  2017 2016 Increase/
(Decrease)
 %
Change
  (in thousands)
Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership Common Unitholders $151,844
 $109,938
 $41,906
 38.12 %
Preferred distributions 2,625
 2,589
 36
 1.39 %
Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership 154,469
 112,527
 41,942
 37.27 %
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests:        
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 15,203
 6,814
 8,389
 123.11 %
Net Income 169,672
 119,341
 50,331
 42.17 %
Gains on sales of real estate 4,344
 
 4,344
 100.00 %
Income Before Gains on Sales of Real Estate 165,328
 119,341
 45,987
 38.53 %
Other Expenses:        
Add:        
Interest expense 95,143
 105,003
 (9,860) (9.39)%
Other Income:        
Less:        
Gains from early extinguishments of debt 14,354
 
 14,354
 100.00 %
Gains from investments in securities 730
 478
 252
 52.72 %
Interest and other income 1,504
 1,524
 (20) (1.31)%
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures 3,108
 2,234
 874
 39.12 %
Operating Income 240,775
 220,108
 20,667
 9.39 %
Other Expenses:        
Add:        
Depreciation and amortization expense 149,834
 151,191
 (1,357) (0.90)%
Transaction costs 299
 913
 (614) (67.25)%
General and administrative expense 27,141
 25,418
 1,723
 6.78 %
Other Revenue:        
Less:        
Development and management services revenue 7,365
 5,533
 1,832
 33.11 %
Net Operating Income $410,684
 $392,097
 $18,587
 4.74 %

Comparison of the three months ended June 30, 2017 to the three months ended June 30, 2016.
The table below shows selected operating information for the Same Property Portfolio and the Total Property Portfolio. The Same Property Portfolio consists of 144 properties totaling approximately 38.6 million net rentable square feet of space, excluding unconsolidated joint ventures. The Same Property Portfolio includes properties acquired or fully placed in-service on or prior to April 1, 2016 and owned and in-service through June 30, 2017. The Total Property Portfolio includes the effects of the other properties either placed in-service, acquired or in development or redevelopment after April 1, 2016 or disposed of on or prior to June 30, 2017. This table includes a reconciliation from the Same Property Portfolio to the Total Property Portfolio by also providing information for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 with respect to the properties that were placed in-service, acquired, in development or redevelopment or sold.


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 Same Property Portfolio 
Properties
Placed In-Service
Portfolio
 Properties Acquired Portfolio Properties in
Development or
Redevelopment
Portfolio
 Properties Sold Portfolio Total Property Portfolio
(dollars in thousands)2017 2016 
Increase/
(Decrease)
 
%
Change
 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 Increase/
(Decrease)
 %
Change
Rental Revenue:                               
Rental Revenue$598,697
 $575,007
 $23,690
 4.12% $16,564
 $9,603
 $1,836
 $1,092
 $900
 $7,309
 $359
 $452
 $618,356
 $593,463
 $24,893
 4.19%
Termination Income13,601
 7,540
 6,061
 80.38% 
 
 
 
 
 114
 
 
 13,601
 7,654
 5,947
 77.70%
Total Rental Revenue612,298
 582,547
 29,751
 5.11% 16,564
 9,603
 1,836
 1,092
 900
 7,423
 359
 452
 631,957
 601,117
 30,840
 5.13%
Real Estate Operating Expenses218,442
 210,168
 8,274
 3.94% 4,771
 2,597
 487
 284
 4,880
 2,919
 239
 364
 228,819
 216,332
 12,487
 5.77%
Net Operating Income (Loss), excluding residential and hotel393,856
 372,379
 21,477
 5.77% 11,793
 7,006
 1,349
 808
 (3,980) 4,504
 120
 88
 403,138
 384,785
 18,353
 4.77%
Residential Net Operating Income (1)2,575
 2,482
 93
 3.75% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2,575
 2,482
 93
 3.75%
Hotel Net Operating Income (1)4,971
 4,830
 141
 2.92% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4,971
 4,830
 141
 2.92%
Net Operating Income (Loss) (1)$401,402
 $379,691
 $21,711
 5.72% $11,793
 $7,006
 $1,349
 $808
 $(3,980) $4,504
 $120
 $88
 $410,684
 $392,097
 $18,587
 4.74%
_______________  
(1)
For a detailed discussion of NOI, including the reasons management believes NOI is useful to investors, see page 48. Residential Net Operating Income for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 is comprised of Residential Revenue of $4,210 and $4,088, less Residential Expenses of $1,635 and $1,606, respectively. Hotel Net Operating Income for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 is comprised of Hotel Revenue of $13,375 and $12,808 less Hotel Expenses of $8,404 and $7,978, respectively, per the Consolidated Statements of Operations.


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Same Property Portfolio
Rental Revenue
Rental revenue from the Same Property Portfolio increased by approximately $23.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016. The increase was primarily the result of increases in revenue from our leases, other tenant recoveries and parking and other income of approximately $22.6 million, $0.9 million, and $0.2 million, respectively. Rental revenue from our leases increased approximately $22.6 million as a result of our average revenue per square foot increasing by approximately $2.50, which contributed approximately $21.7 million, and an approximately $0.9 million increase due to our average occupancy increasing from 91.70% to 91.74%.
Termination Income
Termination income increased by approximately $6.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016.
Termination income for the three months ended June 30, 2017 related to sixteen tenants across the Same Property Portfolio and totaled approximately $13.6 million, of which approximately $6.3 million and $5.1 million are from tenants that terminated leases early at 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) and 399 Park Avenue, respectively. Both of these buildings are located in New York City. In addition, we received the fifth interim distribution from our unsecured credit claim against Lehman Brothers, Inc. of approximately $0.4 million (See Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). Recently, claims of similar priority to that of our remaining claim were quoted privately reflecting a value for our remaining claim of approximately $1.0 million; however, there can be no assurance as to the timing or amount of additional proceeds, if any, that we may receive.
Termination income for the three months ended June 30, 2016 related to sixteen tenants across the Same Property Portfolio and totaled approximately $7.5 million, of which approximately $5.5 million was from our New York region and related to negotiated early releases with a tenant. In addition, we received notice that we would receive the fourth interim distribution from our unsecured credit claim against Lehman Brothers, Inc. of approximately $1.4 million, which we accrued during the three months ended June 30, 2016 and received on July 5, 2016 (See Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
Real Estate Operating Expenses
Real estate operating expenses from the Same Property Portfolio increased by approximately $8.3 million, or 3.9%, for the three months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016 due primarily to increases in real estate taxes and other real estate operating expenses of approximately $5.1 million, or 5.0%, and $3.2 million, or 2.9%, respectively. The increase in real estate taxes was primarily experienced in the New York CBD properties.
Properties Placed In-Service Portfolio
The table below lists the properties placed in-service or partially placed in-service from April 1, 2016 through June 30, 2017. Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses increased approximately $7.0 million and $2.2 million, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016 as detailed below.


  Quarter Initially Placed In-Service Quarter Fully Placed In-Service   Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name   Square Feet 2017 2016 Change 2017 2016 Change
        (dollars in thousands)
601 Massachusetts Avenue Third Quarter, 2015 Second Quarter, 2016 478,751
 $9,233
 $8,249
 $984
 $2,279
 $1,846
 $433
804 Carnegie Center Second Quarter, 2016 Second Quarter, 2016 130,000
 1,398
 1,163
 235
 329
 702
 (373)
10 CityPoint Second Quarter, 2016 Second Quarter, 2016 241,460
 2,880
 191
 2,689
 757
 49
 708
Reservoir Place North Second Quarter, 2016 Second Quarter, 2017 73,258
 
 
 
 53
 
 53
888 Boylston Street Third Quarter, 2016 N/A 425,000
 3,053
 
 3,053
 1,353
 
 1,353
      1,348,469
 $16,564
 $9,603
 $6,961
 $4,771
 $2,597
 $2,174

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Properties Acquired Portfolio
The table below lists the properties acquired between April 1, 2016 and June 30, 2017. Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses increased approximately $0.7 million and $0.2 million, respectively for the three months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016, as detailed below.
      Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name Date acquired Square Feet 2017 2016 Change 2017 2016 Change
      (dollars in thousands)
3625-3635 Peterson Way April 22, 2016 218,366
 $1,473
 $1,092
 $381
 $312
 $284
 $28
103 Carnegie Center May 25, 2017 96,332
 363
 
 363
 175
 
 175
    314,698
 $1,836
 $1,092
 $744
 $487
 $284
 $203
Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio
The table below lists the properties we placed in development or redevelopment between April 1, 2016 and June 30, 2017. Rental revenue decreased approximately $6.5 million and real estate operating expenses increased by approximately $2.0 million, for the three months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016, as detailed below.
      Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name Date commenced development / redevelopment Square Feet 2017 2016 Change 2017 2016 Change
      (dollars in thousands)
One Five Nine East 53rd Street (1) August 19, 2016 220,000
 $867
 $5,185
 $(4,318) $2,835
 $2,034
 $801
191 Spring Street (2) December 29, 2016 160,000
 
 1,265
 (1,265) 1,213
 531
 682
145 Broadway (3) April 6, 2017 79,616
 33
 973
 (940) 832 354
 478
    459,616
 $900
 $7,423
 $(6,523) $4,880
 $2,919
 $1,961
___________
(1)This is the low-rise portion of 601 Lexington Avenue in New York City. Rental revenue includes approximately $0.1 million of termination income for the three months ended June 30, 2016. In addition, real estate operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2017 includes approximately $2.5 million of demolition costs.
(2)Real estate operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2017 includes approximately $1.2 million of demolition costs.
(3)On April 6, 2017, we commenced the development of 145 Broadway, a build-to-suit Class A office project with approximately 485,000 net rentable square feet located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Real estate operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2017 includes approximately $0.8 million of demolition costs.
Properties Sold Portfolio
The table below lists the properties we sold between April 1, 2016 and June 30, 2017. Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses from our Properties Sold Portfolio decreased approximately $93,000 and $125,000, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016 as detailed below.
        Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name Date Sold Property Type Square Feet 2017 2016 Change 2017 2016 Change
        (dollars in thousands)
30 Shattuck Road April 19, 2017 Land N/A
 $
 $
 $
 $3
 $12
 $(9)
40 Shattuck Road June 13, 2017 Office 122,000
 359
 452
 (93) 236
 352
 (116)
      122,000
 $359
 $452
 $(93) $239
 $364
 $(125)

Residential Net Operating Income
Net operating income for our residential same properties increased by approximately $93,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016.

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The following reflects our occupancy and rate information for The Lofts at Atlantic Wharf and The Avant at Reston Town Center for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016.
  The Lofts at Atlantic Wharf The Avant at Reston Town Center
  2017 2016 Percentage
Change
 2017 2016 Percentage
Change
Average Monthly Rental Rate (1) $4,280
 $4,150
 3.1% $2,386
 $2,367
 0.8%
Average Rental Rate Per Occupied Square Foot $4.71
 $4.59
 2.6% $2.64
 $2.60
 1.5%
Average Physical Occupancy (2) 95.4% 95.4% % 95.9% 94.0% 2.0%
Average Economic Occupancy (3) 96.9% 96.4% 0.5% 94.5% 93.9% 0.6%
___________  
(1)Average Monthly Rental Rate is defined as rental revenue in accordance with GAAP, divided by the weighted monthly average number of occupied units. 
(2)Average Physical Occupancy is defined as the average number of occupied units divided by the total number of units, expressed as a percentage.
(3)Average Economic Occupancy is defined as total possible revenue less vacancy loss as a percentage of total possible revenue. Total possible revenue is determined by valuing average occupied units at contract rates and average vacant units at Market Rents. Vacancy loss is determined by valuing vacant units at current Market Rents. By measuring vacant units at their Market Rents, Average Economic Occupancy takes into account the fact that units of different sizes and locations within a residential property have different economic impacts on a residential property's total possible gross revenue. Market Rents used by us in calculating Economic Occupancy are based on the current market rates set by the managers of our residential properties based on their experience in renting their residential property’s units and publicly available market data. Trends in market rents for a region as reported by others could vary. Market Rents for a period are based on the average Market Rents during that period and do not reflect any impact for cash concessions.

Hotel Net Operating Income
Net operating income for the Boston Marriott Cambridge hotel property increased by approximately $0.1$1.6 million for the threesix months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 2016.2017. The hotel underwent a renovation project on all of its rooms, which was completed during the year ended December 31, 2017. We expect our hotel to contribute between $13 million and $15 million to net operating income for 2018.
The following reflects our occupancy and rate information for the Boston Marriott Cambridge hotel for the threesix months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016.2017.
 2017 2016 
Percentage
Change
 2018 2017 
Percentage
Change
Occupancy 85.9% 84.3% 1.9% 85.7% 76.3% 12.3%
Average daily rate $304.82
 $299.42
 1.8% $271.36
 $268.01
 1.2%
Revenue per available room, REVPAR $261.98
 $252.34
 3.8% $232.57
 $204.37
 13.8%
Other Operating Income and Expense Items
Development and Management Services Revenue
Development and management services revenue increased an aggregate of approximately $1.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 2016. Development and management services revenue increased by an aggregate of approximately $0.7$3.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017. Development revenue and management services revenue increased by approximately $2.8 million and $1.1 million, respectively. The increase in development revenue is primarily duerelated to an increaseincreases in the(1) fees associated with tenant improvement projects in our San Franciscoregion and (2) development fees earned from our New YorkBoston and Washington, DC unconsolidated joint ventureventures that isare developing Dock 72The Hub on Causeway in Brooklyn, New York.Boston, Massachusetts and 7750 Wisconsin Avenue in Bethesda, Maryland, respectively. Management services revenue increased primarily due to property management fees we earned from our Colorado Center unconsolidated joint venture, which we acquired on July 1, 2016, in Santa Monica, California, as well as an increase in service income that we earnedleasing commissions from our tenants.
Operating IncomeBoston and Expense ItemsWashington, DC unconsolidated joint ventures. We expect our development and management services revenue to be between $37 million and $42 million for 2018.
General and Administrative Expense
General and administrative expense increased by approximately $1.7$5.8 million for the threesix months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 20162017 primarily due to compensation expense and other general and administrative expenses increasing by approximately $1.0$5.3 million and $0.7$0.5 million, respectively. The increase in compensation expense was primarily related to (1) an increase in the expense associated with MYLTIP Awards, which includes the acceleration of amortization that occurred for employees that reached a certain age and number of years of service and therefore became vested in these awards sooner and (2) an increase in other compensation related expenses. These increases were partially offset by an approximately $0.2$1.4 million increasedecrease in the value of our deferred compensation plan (2) an approximately $0.7 million difference between the unrecognized expense remaining from the 2014 MYLTIP Units compared to the expense that was recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2017 for the newly issued 2017 MYLTIP Units (See Notes 8 and 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements) and (3) an increase in other compensation related expensescapitalized wages of approximately $0.1$0.4 million.

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The increase in othercapitalized wages is shown as a decrease in general and administrative expense as these costs are capitalized and included in real estate assets or deferred charges on our Consolidated Balance Sheets (see below). We expect our general and administrative expenses was primarily related to the write off of the remaining fees associated with BXP’s ATM stock offering program that expired on June 3, 2017be between $118 million and an increase in professional fees.$121 million for 2018.
Wages directly related to the development and leasing of rental properties are capitalized and included in real estate assets or deferred charges on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized over the useful lives of the applicable asset.asset or lease term. Capitalized wages for the threesix months ended June 30, 20172018 and 20162017 were approximately $4.9$9.3 million and $4.5$8.9 million, respectively. These costs are not included in the general and administrative expenses discussed above.
Transaction Costs
Transaction costs decreasedincreased by approximately $0.6$0.2 million for the threesix months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 2016. Transaction costs for the three months ended June 30, 2016 were2017. This increase was primarily related to the acquisitionformation of 3625-3635 Peterson Waythe joint ventures that we entered into for 3 Hudson Boulevard in New York City and Santa Clara, California, which was completed on April 22, 2016, and the acquisition of a 49.8% interest in an existing joint venture that owns and operates Colorado CenterMonica Business Park in Santa Monica, California on July 1, 2016.(See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). In general, transaction costs relaterelating to the formation of new and pending joint ventures pending and completed asset sales and the pursuit of other transactions including acquisitions. However, in January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definitionare expensed as incurred.

55


Table of a Business” (“ASU 2017-01”) and we chose to early adopt it during the first quarter of 2017. We expect that acquisitions of real estate or in-substance real estate will not meet the revised definition of a business and as such we expect we will no longer be required to expense transaction costs for acquisitions (See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). Content

Depreciation and Amortization Expense
Depreciation expense may differ between BXP and BPLP as a result of previously applied acquisition accounting by BXP for the issuance of common stock in connection with non-sponsor OP Unit redemptions by BPLP.  This accounting resulted in a step-up of the real estate assets at BXP that was allocated to certain properties.  The difference between the real estate assets of BXP as compared to BPLP for certain properties having an allocation of the real estate step-up will result in a corresponding difference in depreciation expense. For additional information, see the Explanatory Note that follows the cover page of this Form 10-Q.
Boston Properties, Inc.
Depreciation and amortization expense decreasedincreased by approximately $1.3$11.1 million for the threesix months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 2016, respectively,2017, as detailed below.
  Depreciation and Amortization Expense for the three months ended June 30,
2017 2016 Change
  (in thousands)
Same Property Portfolio $146,549
 $149,247
 $(2,698)
Properties Placed in-Service Portfolio 3,482
 1,715
 1,767
Properties Acquired Portfolio 973
 746
 227
Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio 814
 1,274
 (460)
Properties Sold Portfolio 101
 193
 (92)
  $151,919
 $153,175
 $(1,256)


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  Depreciation and Amortization Expense for the six months ended June 30,
2018 2017 Change
  (in thousands)
Same Property Portfolio $312,193
 $305,801
 $6,392
Properties Placed in-Service Portfolio 8,838
 1,103
 7,735
Properties Acquired Portfolio 841
 
 841
Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio 
 2,924
 (2,924)
Properties Sold Portfolio 342
 1,296
 (954)
  $322,214
 $311,124
 $11,090

Boston Properties Limited Partnership
Depreciation and amortization expense decreasedincreased by approximately $1.4$11.4 million for the threesix months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 2016, respectively,2017, as detailed below.
 Depreciation and Amortization Expense for the three months ended June 30, Depreciation and Amortization Expense for the six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 Change2018 2017 Change
 (in thousands) (in thousands)
Same Property Portfolio $144,464
 $147,263
 $(2,799) $308,306
 $301,569
 $6,737
Properties Placed in-Service Portfolio 3,482
 1,715
 1,767
 8,838
 1,103
 7,735
Properties Acquired Portfolio 973
 746
 227
 841
 
 841
Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio 814
 1,274
 (460) 
 2,924
 (2,924)
Properties Sold Portfolio 101
 193
 (92) 342
 1,296
 (954)
 $149,834
 $151,191
 $(1,357) $318,327
 $306,892
 $11,435

Direct Reimbursements of Payroll and Related Costs From Management Services Contracts and Payroll and Related Costs From Management Service Contracts
ASU 2014-09 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” updated the principal versus agent considerations and as a result we determined that amounts reimbursed for payroll and related costs received from third parties in connection with management services contracts should be reflected on a gross basis instead of on a net basis as we have determined that we are the principal under these arrangements (See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). It is anticipated that these two financial statement line items will offset each other.

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Other Income and Expense Items
Income from Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
ForIncome from unconsolidated joint ventures decreased by approximately $5.0 million for the threesix months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 2016, income from unconsolidated joint ventures increased by approximately $0.9 million2017 due primarily to an increase in our share of net income from Colorado Center, which we acquired on July 1, 2016, located in Santa Monica, California partially offset by a decrease in our share of net income from the Annapolis Junctionour Colorado Center joint venture. The decreaseOn July 28, 2017, the joint venture that owns Colorado Center obtained a $550.0 million mortgage loan, with an effective GAAP interest rate of 3.58% per annum, which resulted in our share ofinterest expense, thus reducing the net income from our Annapolis Junctionfor the joint venture isventure. We own a 50% interest in Colorado Center.
Interest and Other Income
Interest and other income increased by approximately $2.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017 due primarily due to a decrease in occupancy as well as an increase in interest expenserates.
Gains from Investments in Securities
Gains from investments in securities for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 related to Annapolis Junction Building One’sinvestments that we have made to reduce our market risk relating to a deferred compensation plan that we maintain for BXP’s officers. Under this deferred compensation plan, each officer who is eligible to participate is permitted to defer a portion of the officer’s current income on a pre-tax basis and receive a tax-deferred return on these deferrals based on the performance of specific investments selected by the officer. In order to reduce our market risk relating to this plan, we typically acquire, in a separate account that is not restricted as to its use, similar or identical investments as those selected by each officer. This enables us to generally match our liabilities to BXP’s officers under the deferred compensation plan with equivalent assets and thereby limit our market risk. The performance of these investments is recorded as gains from investments in securities. During the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, we recognized gains of approximately $0.4 million and $1.8 million, respectively, on these investments. By comparison, our general and administrative expense increased by approximately $0.4 million and $1.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, as a result of an increase in our liability under our deferred compensation plan that were associated with the performance of the specific investments selected by our officers participating in the plan.
Gains from Early Extinguishments of Debt
On June 7, 2017, our consolidated entity in which we have a 60% ownership interest and that owns 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) located in New York City completed the refinancing of approximately $1.6 billion of indebtedness that had been secured by direct and indirect interests in 767 Fifth Avenue. The new mortgage loan having an eventfinancing has a principal amount of default and, commencing October 17, 2016, the property being charged$2.3 billion, bears interest at a fixed interest rate of 3.43% per annum and matures on June 9, 2027. The loan requires interest-only payments during the default10-year term of the loan, with the entire principal amount due at maturity. The extinguished debt bore interest rate. For additional information pertainingat a weighted-average rate of approximately 5.96% per annum, an effective GAAP interest rate of approximately 3.03% per annum and was scheduled to mature on October 7, 2017. There was no prepayment penalty associated with the repayment of the prior indebtedness. We recognized a net gain from early extinguishment of debt totaling approximately $14.6 million, primarily consisting of the acceleration of the remaining balance related to the Annapolis Junction Building One mortgage loanhistorical fair value debt adjustment.
On April 24, 2017, BPLP entered into the 2017 Credit Facility (See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). Certain lenders, under the prior credit facility, chose to not participate in the 2017 Credit Facility and as such we recognized a loss on early extinguishment of debt of approximately $0.3 million related to the acceleration of finance fees associated with the prior credit agreement.


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Interest Expense
Interest expense decreased by approximately $8.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017 as detailed below.
Component Change in interest
expense for the six months ended
June 30, 2018 compared to June 30, 2017
  (in thousands)
Increases to interest expense due to:  
Refinancing of the debt collateralized by 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) $15,448
Issuance of $850 million in aggregate principal of 3.200% senior notes due 2025 on December 4, 2017 13,730
Utilization of the 2017 Credit Facility 2,491
Amortization of deferred financing fees for BPLP’s unsecured debt and credit facility 400
Other interest expense (excluding senior notes) 181
Total increases to interest expense 32,250
Decreases to interest expense due to:  
Decrease in the interest for the Outside Members’ Notes Payable for the 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) (1) (16,256)
Redemption of $850 million in aggregate principal of 3.700% senior notes due 2018 on December 17, 2017 (15,876)
Increase in capitalized interest (2) (8,371)
Total decreases to interest expense (40,503)
Total change in interest expense $(8,253)
___________  
(1)The related interest expense from the Outside Members’ Notes Payable totaled approximately $16.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017. This amount was allocated to the outside joint venture partners as an adjustment to Noncontrolling Interests in Property Partnerships in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. On June 7, 2017, a portion of the outside members’ notes payable was repaid and the remaining portion was contributed as equity in the consolidated entity.
(2)
The increase was primarily due to the commencement and continuation of several development projects. For a list of development projects refer to “Liquidity and Capital Resources” within “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

Interest expense directly related to the development of rental properties is capitalized and included in real estate assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized over the useful lives of the real estate or lease term. As portions of properties are placed in-service, we cease capitalizing interest on that portion and interest is then expensed. Interest capitalized for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 was approximately $35.0 million and $26.6 million, respectively. These costs are not included in the interest expense referenced above.
We estimate net interest expense, which includes debt extinguishment costs, will be between $363 million to $375 million for 2018. These amounts are net of approximately $60 million to $70 million of estimated capitalized interest. In addition, if we refinance, prepay or repurchase existing indebtedness prior to its maturity, we may incur prepayment penalties, realize the acceleration of amortized costs, and our actual interest expense may differ materially from the estimates above.
At June 30, 2018, our outstanding variable rate debt consisted of BPLP’s $500.0 million Delayed Draw Facility. BPLP's $1.5 billion Revolving Facility is also variable rate debt, however no amounts were outstanding at June 30, 2018. For a summary of our consolidated debt as of June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017 refer to the heading “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capitalization—Debt Financing” within Item 22—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Capitalization—Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements—Operations.”

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Gains on Sales of Real Estate
The gains on sales of real estate may differ between BXP and BPLP as a result of previously applied acquisition accounting by BXP for the issuance of common stock in connection with non-sponsor OP Unit redemptions by BPLP. This accounting resulted in a step-up of the real estate assets at BXP that was allocated to certain properties. The difference between the real estate assets of BXP as compared to BPLP for certain properties having an allocation of the real estate step-up will result in a corresponding difference in the gains on sales of real estate when those properties are sold. For additional information, see the Explanatory Note that follows the cover page of this Form 10-Q.
Boston Properties, Inc.
Gains on sales of real estate increased by approximately $110.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017, respectively, as detailed below.
Name Date Sold Property Type Square Feet Sale Price Cash Proceeds Gain on Sale of Real Estate 
        (dollars in millions) 
2018             
500 E Street January 8, 2018 Office 262,000 $118.6
 $116.1
 $96.4
 
91 Hartwell Avenue May 24, 2018 Office 119,000 22.2
 21.7
 15.5
 
        $140.8
 $137.8
 $111.9
(1)
2017             
30 Shattuck Road April 19, 2017 Land N/A $5.0
 $5.0
 $3.7
 
40 Shattuck Road June 13, 2017 Office 122,000 12.0
 11.9
 
(2)
        $17.0
 $16.9
 $3.7
(3)
___________  
(1)Excludes approximately $2.8 million of gains on sales of real estate recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2018 related to gain amounts from sales of real estate occurring in prior years.
(2)The gain on sale of real estate for this property was $28,000.
(3)Excludes approximately $0.1 million of gains on sales of real estate recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2017 related to a previously deferred gain amount from the 2015 sale of the Residences on The Avenue residential property located in Washington, DC.
Boston Properties Limited Partnership
Gains on sales of real estate increased by approximately $113.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017, respectively, as detailed below.
Name Date Sold Property Type Square Feet Sale Price Cash Proceeds Gain on Sale of Real Estate 
        (dollars in millions) 
2018             
500 E Street January 8, 2018 Office 262,000 $118.6
 $116.1
 $98.9
 
91 Hartwell Avenue May 24, 2018 Office 119,000 22.2
 21.7
 15.9
 
        $140.8
 $137.8
 $114.8
(1)
2017             
30 Shattuck Road April 19, 2017 Land N/A $5.0
 $5.0
 $3.7
 
40 Shattuck Road June 13, 2017 Office 122,000 12.0
 11.9
 0.6
 
        $17.0
 $16.9
 $4.3
(2)
___________  
(1)Excludes approximately $2.8 million of gains on sales of real estate recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2018 related to gain amounts from sales of real estate occurring in prior years.
(2)Excludes approximately $0.1 million of gains on sales of real estate recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2017 related to a previously deferred gain amount from the 2015 sale of the Residences on The Avenue residential property located in Washington, DC.

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Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships increased by approximately $12.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017 as detailed below.
Property Noncontrolling Interests in Property Partnerships for the six months ended June 30,
2018 2017 Change
  (in thousands)
Salesforce Tower $(306) $(195) $(111)
767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) (1) 446
 (2,958) 3,404
Times Square Tower 13,626
 13,261
 365
601 Lexington Avenue (2) 10,187
 3,532
 6,655
100 Federal Street (3) 3,025
 1,308
 1,717
Atlantic Wharf Office 4,656
 4,679
 (23)
  $31,634
 $19,627
 $12,007
___________
(1)On June 7, 2017, our consolidated entity in which we have a 60% interest completed the refinancing of indebtedness that had been secured by direct and indirect interests in 767 Fifth Avenue. The net loss allocation was primarily due to the partners' share of the interest expense for the outside members' notes payable, which was approximately $16.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017. However, during the six months ended June 30, 2017, we recognized a net gain from early extinguishment of debt totaling approximately $14.6 million primarily consisting of the acceleration of the remaining balance related to the historical fair value debt adjustment and as a result, this contributed to the property having a reduced net loss allocation. In addition, during the six months ended June 30, 2017, we accelerated depreciation and amortization related to capital improvements being performed at the building and had approximately $11.2 million of termination income. Neither of these items reoccurred during the six months ended June 30, 2018.
(2)On August 19, 2016, the consolidated entity in which we have a 55% interest and that owns this property commenced the redevelopment of the six-story low-rise office and retail building component of the complex. The redeveloped portion of the low-rise building will contain approximately 195,000 net rentable square feet of Class A office space and approximately 25,000 net rentable square feet of retail space. We will capitalize incremental costs during the redevelopment. In addition, real estate operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2017 includes approximately $3.6 million of demolition costs, which did not reoccur during the six months ended June 30, 2018.
(3)The six months ended June 30, 2018 included an approximately $1.4 million increase in rental revenue from our tenants partially offset by the acceleration of depreciation and amortization expense during the six months ended June 30, 2017, which did not reoccur during the six months ended June 30, 2018.
Noncontrolling interest - Common Units of the Operating Partnership
For BXP, noncontrolling interest–common units of the Operating Partnership increased by approximately $8.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017 due primarily to an increase in allocable income, which was the result of recognizing greater gains on sales of real estate amount during 2018, partially offset by a decrease in the noncontrolling interest’s ownership percentage. Due to our UPREIT ownership structure, there is no corresponding line item on BPLP’s financial statements.
Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders decreased approximately $5.0 million and $5.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017, respectively, as detailed in the following tables and for the reasons discussed below under the heading “Comparison of the three months ended June 30, 2018 to the three months ended June 30, 2017” within “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Below are reconciliations of net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders to NOI and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders to NOI for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017. For a detailed discussion of NOI, including the reasons management believes NOI is useful to investors, see page 50.


Boston Properties, Inc.
  Three months ended June 30,
  2018 2017 Increase/
(Decrease)
 %
Change
  (in thousands)
Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. Common Shareholders $128,681
 $133,709
 $(5,028) (3.76)%
Preferred dividends 2,625
 2,625
 
  %
Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. 131,306
 136,334
 (5,028) (3.69)%
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests:        
Noncontrolling interest—common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership 14,859
 15,473
 (614) (3.97)%
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 14,400
 15,203
 (803) (5.28)%
Net Income 160,565
 167,010
 (6,445) (3.86)%
Gains on sales of real estate 18,292
 3,767
 14,525
 385.59 %
Income Before Gains on Sales of Real Estate 142,273
 163,243
 (20,970) (12.85)%
Other Expenses:        
Add:        
Interest expense 92,204
 95,143
 (2,939) (3.09)%
Other Income:        
Less:        
Gains from early extinguishments of debt 
 14,354
 (14,354) (100.00)%
Gains from investments in securities 505
 730
 (225) (30.82)%
Interest and other income 2,579
 1,504
 1,075
 71.48 %
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures 769
 3,108
 (2,339) (75.26)%
Operating Income 230,624
 238,690
 (8,066) (3.38)%
Other Expenses:        
Add:        
Depreciation and amortization expense 156,417
 151,919
 4,498
 2.96 %
Transaction costs 474
 299
 175
 58.53 %
Payroll and related costs from management services contracts 1,970
 
 1,970
 100.00 %
General and administrative expense 28,468
 27,141
 1,327
 4.89 %
Other Revenue:        
Less:        
Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts 1,970
 
 1,970
 100.00 %
Development and management services revenue 9,305
 7,365
 1,940
 26.34 %
Net Operating Income $406,678
 $410,684
 $(4,006) (0.98)%




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Boston Properties Limited Partnership
  Three months ended June 30,
  2018 2017 Increase/
(Decrease)
 %
Change
  (in thousands)
Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership Common Unitholders $145,961
 $151,844
 $(5,883) (3.87)%
Preferred distributions 2,625
 2,625
 
  %
Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership 148,586
 154,469
 (5,883) (3.81)%
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests:        
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 14,400
 15,203
 (803) (5.28)%
Net Income 162,986
 169,672
 (6,686) (3.94)%
Gains on sales of real estate 18,770
 4,344
 14,426
 332.09 %
Income Before Gains on Sales of Real Estate 144,216
 165,328
 (21,112) (12.77)%
Other Expenses:        
Add:        
Interest expense 92,204
 95,143
 (2,939) (3.09)%
Other Income:        
Less:        
Gains from early extinguishments of debt 
 14,354
 (14,354) (100.00)%
Gains from investments in securities 505
 730
 (225) (30.82)%
Interest and other income 2,579
 1,504
 1,075
 71.48 %
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures 769
 3,108
 (2,339) (75.26)%
Operating Income 232,567
 240,775
 (8,208) (3.41)%
Other Expenses:        
Add:        
Depreciation and amortization expense 154,474
 149,834
 4,640
 3.10 %
Transaction costs 474
 299
 175
 58.53 %
Payroll and related costs from management services contracts 1,970
 
 1,970
 100.00 %
General and administrative expense 28,468
 27,141
 1,327
 4.89 %
Other Revenue:        
Less:        
Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts 1,970
 
 1,970
 100.00 %
Development and management services revenue 9,305
 7,365
 1,940
 26.34 %
Net Operating Income $406,678
 $410,684
 $(4,006) (0.98)%
Comparison of the three months ended June 30, 2018 to the three months ended June 30, 2017.
The table below shows selected operating information for the Same Property Portfolio and the Total Property Portfolio. The Same Property Portfolio consists of 146 properties totaling approximately 39.2 million net rentable square feet of space, excluding unconsolidated joint ventures. The Same Property Portfolio includes properties acquired or fully placed in-service on or prior to April 1, 2017 and owned and in-service through June 30, 2018. The Total Property Portfolio includes the effects of the other properties either placed in-service, acquired or in development or redevelopment after April 1, 2017 or disposed of on or prior to June 30, 2018. This table includes a reconciliation from the Same Property Portfolio to the Total Property Portfolio by also providing information for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 with respect to the properties that were placed in-service, acquired, in development or redevelopment or sold.

 Same Property Portfolio 
Properties
Placed In-Service
Portfolio
 Properties Acquired Portfolio Properties in
Development or
Redevelopment
Portfolio
 Properties Sold Portfolio Total Property Portfolio
(dollars in thousands)2018 2017 Increase/(Decrease) 
%
Change
 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 Increase/(Decrease) %
Change
Rental Revenue:                               
Rental Revenue$615,893
 $609,844
 $6,049
 0.99 % $15,090
 $3,053
 $789
 $363
 $852
 $900
 $461
 $4,196
 $633,085
 $618,356
 $14,729
 2.38 %
Termination Income718
 13,599
 (12,881) (94.72)% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2
 718
 13,601
 (12,883) (94.72)%
Total Rental Revenue616,611
 623,443
 (6,832) (1.10)% 15,090
 3,053
 789
 363
 852
 900
 461
 4,198
 633,803
 631,957
 1,846
 0.29 %
Real Estate Operating Expenses227,913
 220,545
 7,368
 3.34 % 6,017
 1,406
 288
 175
 388
 4,880
 271
 1,813
 234,877
 228,819
 6,058
 2.65 %
Net Operating Income (Loss), excluding residential and hotel388,698
 402,898
 (14,200) (3.52)% 9,073
 1,647
 501
 188
 464
 (3,980) 190
 2,385
 398,926
 403,138
 (4,212) (1.04)%
Residential Net Operating Income (Loss) (1)2,702
 2,575
 127
 4.93 % (816) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1,886
 2,575
 (689) (26.76)%
Hotel Net Operating Income (1)5,866
 4,971
 895
 18.00 % 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5,866
 4,971
 895
 18.00 %
Net Operating Income (Loss) (1)$397,266
 $410,444
 $(13,178) (3.21)% $8,257
 $1,647
 $501
 $188
 $464
 $(3,980) $190
 $2,385
 $406,678
 $410,684
 $(4,006) (0.98)%
_______________  
(1)For a detailed discussion of NOI, including the reasons management believes NOI is useful to investors, see page 50. Residential Net Operating Income for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 is comprised of Residential Revenue of $4,799 and $4,210, less Residential Expenses of $2,913 and $1,635, respectively. Hotel Net Operating Income for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 is comprised of Hotel Revenue of $14,607 and $13,375 less Hotel Expenses of $8,741 and $8,404, respectively, per the Consolidated Statements of Operations.


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Same Property Portfolio
Rental Revenue
Rental revenue from the Same Property Portfolio increased by approximately $6.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017. The increase was primarily the result of increases in revenue from our leases, parking and other income, and other tenant recoveries of approximately $5.1 million, $0.5 million, and $0.4 million, respectively. Rental revenue from our leases increased approximately $5.1 million as a result of our average revenue per square foot increasing by approximately $0.75, which contributed approximately $5.9 million, partially offset by an approximately $0.8 million decrease due to our average occupancy decreasing from 91.8% to 91.6%.
Termination Income
Termination income decreased by approximately $12.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017.
Termination income for the three months ended June 30, 2018 related to five tenants across the Same Property Portfolio and totaled approximately $0.7 million.
Termination income for the three months ended June 30, 2017 related to fifteen tenants across the Same Property Portfolio and totaled approximately $13.6 million, of which approximately $6.3 million and $5.1 million are from tenants that terminated leases early at 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) and 399 Park Avenue, respectively. Both of these buildings are located in New York City. In addition, we received the fifth interim distribution from our unsecured credit claim against Lehman Brothers, Inc. of approximately $0.4 million (See Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
Real Estate Operating Expenses
Real estate operating expenses from the Same Property Portfolio increased by approximately $7.4 million, or 3.3%, for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017 due primarily to increases in real estate taxes and other real estate operating expenses of approximately $5.0 million, or 4.6%, and $2.4 million, or 2.1%, respectively. The increase in real estate taxes was primarily experienced in the New York CBD properties.
Properties Placed In-Service Portfolio
The table below lists the properties placed in-service or partially placed in-service from April 1, 2017 through June 30, 2018. Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses increased by approximately $12.6 million and $6.0 million, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017, as detailed below.


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  Quarter Initially Placed In-Service Quarter Fully Placed In-Service   Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name   Square Feet 2018 2017 Change 2018 2017 Change
        (dollars in thousands)
Office                  
Reservoir Place North Second Quarter, 2016 Second Quarter, 2017 73,258
 $
 $
 $
 $116
 $53
 $63
888 Boylston Street Third Quarter, 2016 Third Quarter, 2017 417,320
 7,746
 3,053
 4,693
 2,026
 1,353
 673
191 Spring Street Fourth Quarter, 2017 N/A 171,000
 923
 
 923
 464
 
 464
Salesforce Tower Fourth Quarter, 2017 N/A 1,400,000
 6,421
 
 6,421
 3,411
 
 3,411
Total Office     2,061,578
 15,090

3,053

12,037

6,017

1,406

4,611
                   
Residential                  
Signature at Reston First Quarter, 2018 Second Quarter, 2018 517,847
 486
 
 486
 1,151
 
 1,151
Proto Kendall Square Second Quarter, 2018 N/A 166,500
 43
 
 43
 194
 
 194
Total Residential     684,347
 529
 
 529
 1,345
 
 1,345
      2,745,925
 $15,619
 $3,053
 $12,566
 $7,362
 $1,406
 $5,956

Properties Acquired Portfolio
The table below lists the properties acquired between April 1, 2017 and June 30, 2018. Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses increased by approximately $0.4 million and $0.1 million, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017, as detailed below.
      Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name Date acquired Square Feet 2018 2017 Change 2018 2017 Change
      (dollars in thousands)
103 Carnegie Center May 25, 2017 96,332
 $789
 $363
 $426
 $288
 $175
 $113


Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio
The table below lists the properties we placed in development or redevelopment between April 1, 2017 and June 30, 2018. Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses decreased by approximately $48,000 and $4.5 million, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017, as detailed below.
      Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name Date commenced development / redevelopment Square Feet 2018 2017 Change 2018 2017 Change
      (dollars in thousands)
One Five Nine East 53rd Street (1) August 19, 2016 220,000
 $852
 $867
 $(15) $388
 $2,835
 $(2,447)
191 Spring Street (2) December 29, 2016 171,000
 
 
 
 
 1,213
 (1,213)
145 Broadway (3) April 6, 2017 79,616
 
 33
 (33) 
 832
 (832)
    470,616
 $852
 $900
 $(48) $388
 $4,880
 $(4,492)
___________
(1)This is the low-rise portion of 601 Lexington Avenue in New York City. Real estate operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2017 includes approximately $2.5 million of demolition costs.

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(2)Real estate operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2017 includes approximately $1.2 million of demolition costs.
(3)On April 6, 2017, we commenced the development of 145 Broadway, a build-to-suit Class A office project with approximately 485,000 net rentable square feet located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Real estate operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2017 includes approximately $0.8 million of demolition costs.
Properties Sold Portfolio
The table below lists the properties we sold between April 1, 2017 and June 30, 2018. Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses from our Properties Sold Portfolio decreased by approximately $3.7 million and $1.5 million, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017, as detailed below.
        Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name Date Sold Property Type Square Feet 2018 2017 Change 2018 2017 Change
        (dollars in thousands)
30 Shattuck Road April 19, 2017 Land N/A
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $3
 $(3)
40 Shattuck Road June 13, 2017 Office 122,000
 
 359
 (359) 
 236
 (236)
Reston Eastgate August 30, 2017 Land N/A
 
 
 
 
 28
 (28)
500 E Street, S.W. January 9, 2018 Office 262,000
 
 3,066
 (3,066) 
 1,153
 (1,153)
91 Hartwell Avenue May 24, 2018 Office 119,000
 461
 773
 (312) 271
 393
 (122)
      503,000
 $461
 $4,198
 $(3,737) $271
 $1,813
 $(1,542)


Residential Net Operating Income
Net operating income for our residential same properties increased by approximately $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017.
The following reflects our occupancy and rate information for The Lofts at Atlantic Wharf and The Avant at Reston Town Center for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.
  The Lofts at Atlantic Wharf The Avant at Reston Town Center
  2018 2017 Percentage
Change
 2018 2017 Percentage
Change
Average Monthly Rental Rate (1) $4,237
 $4,280
 (1.0)% $2,421
 $2,386
 1.5%
Average Rental Rate Per Occupied Square Foot $4.69
 $4.71
 (0.4)% $2.68
 $2.64
 1.5%
Average Physical Occupancy (2) 92.3% 95.4% (3.2)% 97.0% 95.9% 1.1%
Average Economic Occupancy (3) 91.9% 96.9% (5.2)% 95.6% 94.5% 1.2%
___________  
(1)Average Monthly Rental Rates are calculated by us as the average of the quotients obtained by dividing (A) rental revenue as determined in accordance with GAAP by (B) the number of occupied units for each month within the applicable fiscal period.  
(2)Average Physical Occupancy is defined as (1) the average number of occupied units divided by (2) the total number of units, expressed as a percentage.
(3)Average Economic Occupancy is defined as (1) total possible revenue less vacancy loss divided by (2) total possible revenue, expressed as a percentage. Total possible revenue is determined by valuing average occupied units at contract rates and average vacant units at Market Rents. Vacancy loss is determined by valuing vacant units at current Market Rents. By measuring vacant units at their Market Rents, Average Economic Occupancy takes into account the fact that units of different sizes and locations within a residential property have different economic impacts on a residential property's total possible gross revenue. Market Rents used by us in calculating Average Economic Occupancy are based on the current market rates set by the managers of our residential properties based on their experience in renting their residential property’s units and publicly available market data. Trends in market rents for a region as reported by others could vary. Market Rents for a period are based on the average Market Rents during that period and do not reflect any impact for cash concessions.


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Hotel Net Operating Income
Net operating income for the Boston Marriott Cambridge hotel property increased by approximately $0.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017. The hotel underwent a renovation project on all of its rooms, which was completed during the year ended December 31, 2017.
The following reflects our occupancy and rate information for the Boston Marriott Cambridge hotel for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.
  2018 2017 
Percentage
Change
Occupancy 90.3% 85.9% 5.1%
Average daily rate $317.95
 $304.82
 4.3%
Revenue per available room, REVPAR $287.20
 $261.98
 9.6%
Operating Revenue and Expense Items
Development and Management Services Revenue
Development and management services revenue increased by an aggregate of approximately $1.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017. Development revenue and management services revenue increased by approximately $1.2 million and $0.7 million, respectively. The increase in development revenue is primarily related to increases in (1) fees associated with tenant improvement projects in our San Franciscoregion and (2) development fees earned from our Boston and Washington, DC unconsolidated joint ventures that are developing The Hub on Causeway in Boston, Massachusetts and 7750 Wisconsin Avenue in Bethesda, Maryland, respectively. Management services revenue increased primarily due to an increase in leasing commissions from our Boston and Washington, DC unconsolidated joint ventures.
General and Administrative Expense
General and administrative expense increased by approximately $1.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017 due to compensation expense increasing by approximately $1.3 million. The increase in compensation expense was primarily related to the difference between the unrecognized expense remaining from the 2015 MYLTIP Units compared to the expense that was recognized for the newly issued 2018 MYLTIP Units. This increase was partially offset by an approximately $0.2 million decrease in the value of our deferred compensation plan.
Wages directly related to the development and leasing of rental properties are capitalized and included in real estate assets or deferred charges on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized over the useful lives of the applicable asset or lease term. Capitalized wages for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were approximately $4.8 million and $4.9 million, respectively. These costs are not included in the general and administrative expenses discussed above.
Transaction Costs
Transaction costs increased by approximately $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017. This increase was primarily related to the formation of the joint ventures that we entered into for 3 Hudson Boulevard in New York City and Santa Monica Business Park in Santa Monica, California (See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). In general, transaction costs relating to the formation of new and pending joint ventures and the pursuit of other transactions are expensed as incurred.
Depreciation and Amortization Expense
Depreciation expense may differ between BXP and BPLP as a result of previously applied acquisition accounting by BXP for the issuance of common stock in connection with non-sponsor OP Unit redemptions by BPLP.  This accounting resulted in a step-up of the real estate assets at BXP that was allocated to certain properties.  The difference between the real estate assets of BXP as compared to BPLP for certain properties having an allocation of the real estate step-up will result in a corresponding difference in depreciation expense. For additional information, see the Explanatory Note that follows the cover page of this Form 10-Q.

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Boston Properties, Inc.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased by approximately $4.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017, as detailed below.
  Depreciation and Amortization Expense for the three months ended June 30,
2018 2017 Change
  (in thousands)
Same Property Portfolio $150,625
 $149,921
 $704
Properties Placed in-Service Portfolio 5,191
 577
 4,614
Properties Acquired Portfolio 475
 
 475
Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio 
 814
 (814)
Properties Sold Portfolio 126
 607
 (481)
  $156,417
 $151,919
 $4,498

Boston Properties Limited Partnership
Depreciation and amortization expense increased by approximately $4.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017, as detailed below.
  Depreciation and Amortization Expense for the three months ended June 30,
2018 2017 Change
  (in thousands)
Same Property Portfolio $148,682
 $147,836
 $846
Properties Placed in-Service Portfolio 5,191
 577
 4,614
Properties Acquired Portfolio 475
 
 475
Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio 
 814
 (814)
Properties Sold Portfolio 126
 607
 (481)
  $154,474
 $149,834
 $4,640

Direct Reimbursements of Payroll and Related Costs From Management Services Contracts and Payroll and Related Costs From Management Service Contracts
ASU 2014-09 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” updated the principal versus agent considerations and as a result we determined that amounts reimbursed for payroll and related costs received from third parties in connection with management services contracts should be reflected on a gross basis instead of on a net basis as we have determined that we are the principal under these arrangements (See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). It is anticipated that these two financial statement line items will offset each other.
Other Income and Expense Items
Income from Unconsolidated Joint Venture Indebtedness.Ventures
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures decreased by approximately $2.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017 due primarily to a decrease in our share of net income from our Colorado Center joint venture. On July 28, 2017, the joint venture that owns Colorado Center obtained a $550.0 million mortgage loan, with an effective GAAP interest rate of 3.58% per annum, which resulted in interest expense, thus reducing the net income for the joint venture. We own a 50% interest in Colorado Center.
Interest and Other Income
Interest and other income increased by approximately $1.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 2017, due primarily to an increase in interest rates.

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Gains from Investments in Securities
Gains from investments in securities for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 related to investments that we have made to reduce our market risk relating to a deferred compensation plan that we maintain for BXP’s officers. Under this deferred compensation plan, each officer who is eligible to participate is permitted to defer a portion of the officer’s current income on a pre-tax basis and receive a tax-deferred return on these deferrals based on the performance of specific investments selected by the officer. In order to reduce our market risk relating to this plan, we typically acquire, in a separate account that is not restricted as to its use, similar or identical investments as those selected by each officer. This enables us to generally match our liabilities to BXP’s officers under the deferred compensation plan with equivalent assets and thereby limit our market risk. The performance of these investments is recorded as gains from investments in securities. During the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, we recognized gains of approximately $0.5 million and $0.7 million, respectively, on these investments. By comparison, our general and administrative expense increased by approximately $0.5 million and $0.7 million during the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, as a result of increases in our liability under our deferred compensation plan that were associated with the performance of the specific investments selected by officers of BXP participating in the plan.
Gains from Early Extinguishments of Debt
On June 7, 2017, our consolidated entity in which we have a 60% ownership interest and that owns 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) located in New York City completed the refinancing of approximately $1.6 billion of indebtedness that had been secured by direct and indirect interests in 767 Fifth Avenue. The new mortgage financing has a principal amount of $2.3 billion, bears interest at a fixed interest rate of 3.43% per annum and matures on June 9, 2027. The loan requires interest-only payments during the 10-year term of the loan, with the entire principal amount due at maturity. The extinguished debt bore interest at a weighted-average rate of approximately 5.96% per annum, an effective GAAP interest rate of approximately 3.03% per annum and was scheduled to mature on October 7, 2017. There was no prepayment penalty associated with the repayment of the prior indebtedness. We recognized a net gain from early extinguishment of debt totaling approximately $14.6 million, primarily consisting of the acceleration of the remaining balance related to the historical fair value debt adjustment.
On April 24, 2017, BPLP entered into the 2017 Credit Facility (See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). Certain lenders, under the prior credit facility, chose to not participate in the 2017 Credit Facility and as such we recognized a loss on early extinguishment of debt of approximately $0.3 million related to the acceleration of finance fees related toassociated with the prior credit agreement.
Gains from Investments in Securities
Gains from investments in securities for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 related to investments that we have made to reduce our market risk relating to a deferred compensation plan that we maintain for BXP’s officers. Under this deferred compensation plan, each officer who is eligible to participate is permitted to defer a portion of the officer’s current income on a pre-tax basis and receive a tax-deferred return on these deferrals based on the performance of specific investments selected by the officer. In order to reduce our market risk relating to this plan, we typically acquire, in a separate account that is not restricted as to its use, similar or identical investments as those selected by each officer. This enables us to generally match our liabilities to BXP’s officers under the deferred compensation plan with equivalent assets and thereby limit our market risk. The performance of these investments is recorded as gains from investments in securities. During the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, we recognized gains of approximately $0.7 million and $0.5 million, respectively, on these

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investments. By comparison, our general and administrative expense increased by approximately $0.7 million and $0.5 million during the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, as a result of an increase in our liability under our deferred compensation plan that were associated with the performance of the specific investments selected by officers of BXP participating in the plan.
Interest Expense
Interest expense decreased by approximately $9.9$2.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 20162017, as detailed below:
Component Change in interest
expense for the three
months ended
June 30, 2017
compared to
June 30, 2016
 Change in interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to
June 30, 2017
 (in thousands) (in thousands)
Increases to interest expense due to:    
Issuance of $1.0 billion in aggregate principal of 2.750% senior notes due 2026 on August 17, 2016 $8,265
Issuance of $850 million in aggregate principal of 3.200% senior notes due 2025 on December 4, 2017 $6,865
Refinancing of the debt collateralized by 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) (1) 2,142
 6,469
Utilization of the Unsecured Line of Credit as well as an increase in capacity due to the execution of the 2017 Credit Facility (1) 1,183
Utilization of the 2017 Credit Facility 1,824
Amortization of deferred financing fees for BPLP’s unsecured debt and credit facility 402
 172
Other interest expense (excluding senior notes) 20
 85
Total increases to interest expense 12,012
 15,415
Decreases to interest expense due to:    
Repayment of mortgage financings (2) (16,105)
Increase in capitalized interest (3) (4,384)
Decrease in the interest for the Outside Members’ Notes Payable for the 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) (4) (1,383)
Redemption of $850 million in aggregate principal of 3.700% senior notes due 2018 on December 17, 2017 (7,938)
Decrease in the interest for the Outside Members’ Notes Payable for the 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) (1) (7,078)
Increase in capitalized interest (2) (3,338)
Total decreases to interest expense (21,872) (18,354)
Total change in interest expense $(9,860) $(2,939)
___________ 
(1)See Note 5The related interest expense from the Outside Members’ Notes Payable totaled approximately $7.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2017. This amount was allocated to the outside joint venture partners as an adjustment to Noncontrolling Interests in Property Partnerships in our Consolidated Financial Statements.Statements of Operations. On June 7, 2017, a portion of the outside members’ notes payable was repaid and the remaining portion was contributed as equity in the consolidated entity.
(2)Includes the repayment of the mortgage loans collateralized by Fountain Square, Embarcadero Center Four and 599 Lexington Avenue.
(3)
The increase was primarily due to the commencement and continuation of several development projects. For a list of development projects refer to “Liquidity and Capital Resources” within “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
(4)
The related interest expense from the Outside Members’ Notes Payable totaled approximately $7.1 million and $8.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. These amounts are allocated to the outside joint venture partners as an adjustment to Noncontrolling Interests in Property Partnerships in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. On June 7, 2017, a portion of the outside members’ notes payable was repaid and the remaining portion was contributed as equity in the consolidated entity (See Notes 5 and 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
Interest expense directly related to the development of rental properties is capitalized and included in real estate assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized over the useful lives of the real estate.estate or lease term. As portions of properties are placed in-service, we cease capitalizing interest on these portions and interest is then expensed. Interest capitalized for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 and 20162017 was approximately $14.3$17.6 million and $9.9$14.3 million, respectively. These costs are not included in the interest expense referenced above.
At June 30, 2017,2018, our outstanding variable rate debt consisted of BPLP’s $2.0$500.0 million Delayed Draw Facility. BPLP's $1.5 billion 2017 CreditRevolving Facility of whichis also variable rate debt, however no amount wasamounts were outstanding at June 30, 2017.2018. For a summary of our consolidated debt as of June 30, 20172018 and June 30, 20162017 refer to the heading “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capitalization—Debt Financing” within “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

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Gains on Sales of Real Estate
The gains on sales of real estate may differ between BXP and BPLP as a result of previously applied acquisition accounting by BXP for the issuance of common stock in connection with non-sponsor OP Unit redemptions by BPLP. This accounting resulted in a step-up of the real estate assets at BXP that was allocated to certain properties. The difference between the real estate assets of BXP as compared to BPLP for certain properties having an allocation of the real estate step-up will result in a corresponding difference in the gains on

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sales of real estate when those properties are sold. For additional information, see the Explanatory Note that follows the cover page of this Form 10-Q.
Boston Properties, Inc.
Gains on sales of real estate increased by approximately $3.8$14.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 2016, respectively,2017, as detailed below (dollars in millions):
Name Date Sold Property Type Square Feet Sale Price Cash Proceeds Gain on Sale of Real Estate  Date Sold Property Type Square Feet Sale Price Cash Proceeds Gain on Sale of Real Estate 
2018         
91 Hartwell Avenue May 24, 2018 Office 119,000
 $22.2
 $21.7
 $15.5
(1)
         
2017                
30 Shattuck Road April 19, 2017 Land N/A $5.0
 $5.0
 $3.7
  April 19, 2017 Land N/A
 $5.0
 $5.0
 $3.7
 
40 Shattuck Road June 13, 2017 Office 122,000 12.0
 11.9
 
(1) June 13, 2017 Office 122,000
 12.0
 11.9
 
(2)
 $17.0
 $16.9
 $3.7
    $17.0
 $16.9
 $3.7
 
___________
(1)Excludes approximately $2.8 million of gains on sales of real estate recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2018 related to gain amounts from sales of real estate occurring in prior years.
(2)The gain on sale of real estate for this property was $28,000.
Boston Properties Limited Partnership
Gains on sales of real estate increased by approximately $4.3$14.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 2016, respectively,2017, as detailed below (dollars in millions):
Name Date Sold Property Type Square Feet Sale Price Cash Proceeds Gain on Sale of Real Estate Date Sold Property Type Square Feet Sale Price Cash Proceeds Gain on Sale of Real Estate 
2018         
91 Hartwell Avenue May 24, 2018 Office 119,000
 $22.2
 $21.7
 $15.9
(1)
         
2017               
30 Shattuck Road April 19, 2017 Land N/A $5.0
 $5.0
 $3.7
 April 19, 2017 Land N/A
 $5.0
 $5.0
 $3.7
 
40 Shattuck Road June 13, 2017 Office 122,000 12.0
 11.9
 0.6
 June 13, 2017 Office 122,000
 12.0
 11.9
 0.6
 
 $17.0
 $16.9
 $4.3
   $17.0
 $16.9
 $4.3
 
___________
(1)Excludes approximately $2.8 million of gains on sales of real estate recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2018 related to gain amounts from sales of real estate occurring in prior years.

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Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships increaseddecreased by approximately $8.4$0.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 20162017, as detailed below.
Property Noncontrolling Interests in Property Partnerships for the three months ended June 30, Noncontrolling Interests in Property Partnerships for the three months ended June 30,
2017 2016 Change2018 2017 Change
 (in thousands) (in thousands)
Salesforce Tower $(130) $
 $(130) $(142) $(130) $(12)
767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) (1) 3,206
 (4,845) 8,051
 (16) 3,206
 (3,222)
Times Square Tower 6,607
 6,638
 (31) 6,725
 6,607
 118
601 Lexington Avenue (2) 2,042
 1,696
 346
 3,860
 2,042
 1,818
100 Federal Street 1,148
 1,014
 134
 1,627
 1,148
 479
Atlantic Wharf Office 2,330
 2,311
 19
 2,346
 2,330
 16
 $15,203
 $6,814
 $8,389
 $14,400
 $15,203
 $(803)
___________
(1)On June 7, 2017, our consolidated entity in which we have a 60% interest completed the refinancing of indebtedness that had been secured by direct and indirect interests in 767 Fifth Avenue. WePrior to this quarter, the net loss allocation was primarily due to the partners’ share of the interest expense for the outside members’ notes payable, which was $7.1 million three months ended June 30, 2017. During the three months ended June 30, 2017, we recognized a net gain from early extinguishment of debt totaling approximately $14.6 million primarily consisting of the acceleration of the remaining balance related to the historical fair value debt adjustment and as a result, this assisted the property in having a net income allocation. In addition, revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2017 included termination income of approximately $6.3 million from tenants that terminated leases early at 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building), which did not reoccur during the three months ended June 30, 2018.

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adjustment and as a result, this assisted the property in having a net income allocation for the three months ended June 30, 2017 as opposed to a net loss. Prior to this quarter, the net loss allocation was primarily due to the partners’ share of the interest expense for the outside members’ notes payable, which was $7.1 million and $8.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. On June 7, 2017, a portion of the outside members’ notes payable was repaid and the remaining portion was contributed as equity in the consolidated entity (See Notes 5 and 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
(2)On August 19, 2016, the consolidated entity in which we have a 55% interest and that owns this property commenced the redevelopment of the six-story low-rise office and retail building component of the complex. The redeveloped portion, of the low-rise buildingOne Five Nine East 53rd Street, will contain approximately 195,000 net rentable220,000 square feetfeet. We will capitalize incremental costs during the redevelopment. In addition, real estate operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2017 includes approximately $2.5 million of Class A office space and approximately 25,000 net rentable square feet of retail space.demolition costs, which did not reoccur during the three months ended June 30, 2018.
Noncontrolling Interest—Common Units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership
For BXP, noncontrolling interest–common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership increaseddecreased by approximately $4.1$0.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 compared to 20162017 due primarily to an increasedecreases in allocable income partially offset by a decreaseand in the noncontrolling interest’s ownership percentage. Due to our UPREIT ownership structure, there is no corresponding line item on BPLP’s financial statements.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
General
Our principal liquidity needs for the next twelve months and beyond are to:
fund normal recurring expenses;
meet debt service and principal repayment obligations, including balloon payments on maturing debt;
fund development costs;
fund capital expenditures, including major renovations, tenant improvements and leasing costs;
fund development costs;possible acquisitions of properties, either directly or indirectly through the acquisition of equity interests therein, including the acquisition price and promote payment to our partner for their 5% interest in Salesforce Tower;
fund dividend requirements on BXP’s Series B Preferred Stock;
fund possible property acquisitions; and
make the minimum distribution required to enable BXP to maintain its REIT qualification under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
We expect to satisfy these needs using one or more of the following:
cash flow from operations;

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distribution of cash flows from joint ventures;
cash and cash equivalent balances;
issuances of BXP equity securities and/or additional preferred or common units of partnership interest in BPLP;
BPLP’s 2017 Credit Facility and other short-term bridge facilities;
construction loans;
long-term secured and unsecured indebtedness (including unsecured exchangeable indebtedness); and
sales of real estate.estate; and
issuances of BXP equity securities and/or additional preferred or common units of partnership interest in BPLP.
We draw on multiple financing sources to fund our long-term capital needs. Our current consolidated development properties are expected to be primarily funded with our available cash balances, construction loans and BPLP’s 2017 Credit Facility.Revolving Facility, while our unconsolidated development projects are expected to be primarily funded with construction loans. We use BPLP’s 2017 CreditRevolving Facility is utilized primarily as a bridge facility to fund acquisition opportunities, refinance outstanding indebtedness and meet short-term development and working capital needs. Although we may seek to fund our development projects with construction loans, which may require guarantees by BPLP, the financing for each particular project ultimately depends on several factors, including, among others, the project’s size and duration, the extent of pre-leasing and our available cash and access to cost effective capital at the given time.

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The following table presents information on properties under construction and redevelopment as of June 30, 20172018 (dollars in thousands):
 
Construction
Properties
 
Estimated
Stabilization Date
 Location 
# of
Buildings
 
Estimated
Square
Feet
 
Investment
to Date (1)
 
Estimated
Total
Investment (1)
 
Estimated
Future
Equity
Requirement (1)
 
Percentage
Leased (2)
  Estimated Stabilization Date Location # of Buildings Estimated Square Feet Investment to Date (1) Estimated Total Investment (1) Estimated Future Equity Requirement (1) Percentage Leased (2) 
Office and Retail             
888 Boylston Street Fourth Quarter, 2017 Boston, MA 1
 425,000
 $242,516
 $271,500
 $28,984
 88%(3)
Office             
Salesforce Tower (95% ownership) Third Quarter, 2019 San Francisco, CA 1
 1,400,000
 880,355
 1,073,500
 202,514
 82%(4) Q3 2019 San Francisco, CA 1
 1,400,000
 $1,027,613
 $1,073,500
 $50,576
 98%(3)
The Hub on Causeway (50% ownership) Fourth Quarter, 2019 Boston, MA 1
 385,000
 38,846
 141,870
 103,024
 42% 
The Hub on Causeway - Podium (50% ownership) Q4 2019 Boston, MA 1
 385,000
 85,687
 141,870
 
 88%(4)
145 Broadway Fourth Quarter, 2019 Cambridge, MA 1
 485,000
 27,325
 375,000
 347,675
 98%  Q4 2019 Cambridge, MA 1
 485,000
 166,821
 375,000
 208,179
 98% 
Dock 72 (50% ownership) First Quarter, 2020 Brooklyn, NY 1
 670,000
 57,458
 204,900
 22,442
 33%(5) Q3 2020 Brooklyn, NY 1
 670,000
 131,944
 204,900
 
 33%(5)
Total Office and Retail Properties under Construction 5
 3,365,000
 1,246,500
 2,066,770
 704,639
 71% 
17Fifty Presidents Street Q3 2020 Reston, VA 1
 276,000
 27,968
 142,900
 114,932
 100% 
6595 Springfield Center Drive (TSA Headquarters) Q4 2020 Springfield, VA 1
 634,000
 78,009
 313,700
 235,691
 98% 
20 CityPoint Q1 2021 Waltham, MA 1
 211,000
 31,263
 97,000
 65,737
 52% 
7750 Wisconsin Avenue (Marriott International Headquarters) (50% ownership) Q3 2022 Bethesda, MD 1
 740,000
 46,046
 211,100
 165,054
 100%(6)
Total Office Properties under ConstructionTotal Office Properties under Construction 8
 4,801,000
 1,595,351
 2,559,970
 840,169
 87% 
Residential                          
Proto at Cambridge (274 units) Second Quarter, 2019 Cambridge, MA 1
 164,000
 45,812
 140,170
 94,358
 N/A
 
Signature at Reston (508 units) Second Quarter, 2020 Reston, VA 1
 490,000
 144,982
 234,854
 89,872
 N/A
 
Signature at Reston - Retail 
 24,600
 
 
 
 81% 
Proto Kendall Square (280 units) Q2 2019 Cambridge, MA 1
 152,000
 129,902
 140,170
 10,268
 37%(7)
Proto Kendall Square - Retail 
 14,500
 
 
 
 98% 
The Hub on Causeway - Residential (440 units) (50% ownership) Q4 2021 Boston, MA 1
 320,000
 49,629
 153,500
 13,871
  N/A
(8)
MacArthur Station Residences (402 units) Fourth Quarter, 2021 Oakland, CA 1
 324,000
 1,842
 263,600
 261,758
 N/A
(6) Q4 2021 Oakland, CA 1
 324,000
 31,030
 263,600
 232,570
  N/A
(9)
Total Residential Properties under ConstructionTotal Residential Properties under Construction 3
 1,002,600
 192,636
 638,624
 445,988
 59%(7)Total Residential Properties under Construction 3
 810,500
 210,561
 557,270
 256,709
 98%(10)
Redevelopment PropertiesRedevelopment Properties             Redevelopment Properties             
191 Spring Street Fourth Quarter, 2018 Lexington, MA 1
 160,000
 14,866
 53,920
 39,054
 49%  Q4 2018 Lexington, MA 1
 171,000
 46,413
 53,920
 7,507
 100%(11)
One Five Nine East 53rd Street (55% ownership) Fourth Quarter, 2019 New York, NY 
 220,000
 38,677
 106,000
 67,323
 %(8) Q4 2019 New York, NY 
 220,000
 88,557
 106,000
 17,443
 89%(12)
Total Redevelopment Properties under Construction 1
 380,000
 53,543
 159,920
 106,377
 21% 
Total Properties under RedevelopmentTotal Properties under Redevelopment 1
 391,000
 134,970
 159,920
 24,950
 94% 
Total Properties under Construction and RedevelopmentTotal Properties under Construction and Redevelopment 9
 4,747,600
 $1,492,679
 $2,865,314
 $1,257,004
 66%(7)Total Properties under Construction and Redevelopment 12
 6,002,500
 $1,940,882
 $3,277,160
 $1,121,828
 88%(10)
___________  
(1)Represents our share. IncludesInvestment to Date and Estimated Total Investment includes net revenue during lease up period, acquisition expenses and approximately $65.0$82.1 million of construction cost and leasing commission accruals.
(2)Represents percentage leased of office and redevelopment properties as of August 3, 2017,6, 2018 and residential properties as of August 2, 2018, including leases with future commencement dates and excluding residential units.dates.
(3)As of June 30, 2017, this property was 31% placed in-service.
(4)Under the joint venture agreement, if the project is funded with 100% equity, we have agreed to fund 50% of our partner’s equity requirement, structured as preferred equity. We expect to fund approximately $25.4 million at a per annum interest rate of LIBOR plus 3.0% per annum and receive priority distributions from all distributions to our partner until the principal and interest are repaid.repaid in full. As of June 30, 2017,2018, we had contributedfunded an aggregate of approximately $13.5$20.7 million of preferred equity to the venture. This property is 28% placed in-service as of June 30, 2018. Estimated Total Investment and Estimated Future Equity Requirement excludes the acquisition price and promote payment to our partner for their 5% interest (See Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
(4)This development has a $102.3 million (our share) construction loan facility. As of June 30, 2018, $17.6 million (our share) has been drawn under this facility.

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(5)This development has a $125 million (our share) construction loan facility. As of June 30, 2017, no amounts have2018, $47.7 million (our share) has been drawn under this facility.
(6)Rentable square feet is an estimate based on current building design.
(7)This property is 46% placed in-service as of June 30, 2018.
(8)This development has a $90.0 million (our share) construction loan facility. As of June 30, 2018, no amount has been drawn under this facility.
(9)This development is subject to a 99-year ground lease (including extension options) with an option to purchase in the future.
(7)(10)Percentage leased includes only the retail space and includes approximately 9,000 square feet of retail space from the Proto at Cambridgeexcludes residential development, which is 0% leased.units.
(8)(11)This property is 46% placed in-service, as of June 30, 2018.
(12)The low-rise portion of 601 Lexington Avenue. Percentage leased includes a lease signed August 6, 2018 for 100% of the office space. The lease is held in escrow pending satisfaction of the escrow conditions.

Contractual rental revenue, recoveries from tenants, other income from operations, available cash balances, mortgage financings and draws on BPLP’s 2017 CreditRevolving Facility are the principal sources of capital that we use to payfund operating expenses, debt service, maintenance and repositioning capital expenditures, tenant improvements and the minimum distribution required to enable BXP to maintain its REIT qualification. We seek to maximize income from our existing properties by maintaining quality standards for our properties that promote high occupancy rates and permit increases in rental rates while reducing tenant turnover and controlling operating expenses. Our sources of revenue also include third-party fees generated by our property management, leasing and development and construction businesses, as well as the sale of assets from time to time. We believe our revenue,

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together with our cash balances and proceeds from financing activities, will continue to provide the funds necessary for our short-term liquidity needs, including our properties under development and redevelopment.
Material adverse changes in one or more sources of capital may adversely affect our net cash flows. SuchIn turn, these changes in turn, could adversely affect our ability to fund operating expenses, dividends and distributions, debt service payments, maintenance and repositioning capital expenditures and tenant improvements. In addition, a material adverse change in the cash provided by our operations may affect our ability to comply with the financial covenants under BPLP’s Unsecured Line of2017 Credit Facility and unsecured senior notes.
Subsequent to the quarter we made two important investments:
On July 13, 2018, we entered into a joint venture with a third party to acquire a development site at 3 Hudson Boulevard that, upon the future acquisition of additional available development rights, can accommodate a Class A office tower with up to 2.0 million net rentable square feet located on the entire square block between 11th Avenue and Hudson Boulevard Park from West 34th Street to West 35th Street in New York City.  We own a 25% interest in and will be the managing member of the joint venture.  The acquisition includes improvements consisting of excavation work and foundation elements that are currently being constructed on the site. We contributed cash totaling approximately $45.6 million at closing and will contribute in the future approximately $62.2 million for our initial capital contribution, a portion of which will fund the remaining costs to complete the foundation elements to grade for the future office building.  In addition, we have provided $80.0 million of mortgage financing to the joint venture, which bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.50% per annum and matures on July 13, 2023, with extension options, subject to certain conditions.
On July 19, 2018, we completed the acquisition of Santa Monica Business Park in the Ocean Park neighborhood of Santa Monica, California for a purchase price of approximately $627.5 million, including $11.5 million of seller funded leasing costs after the effective date of the purchase and sale agreement. Santa Monica Business Park is a 47-acre office park consisting of 21 buildings totaling approximately 1.2 million net rentable square feet. Approximately 70% of the rentable square footage is subject to a ground lease with 80 years remaining, including renewal periods. The ground lease provides us with the right to purchase the land underlying the properties in 2028 with subsequent purchase rights every 15 years. The property is 94% leased. The acquisition was completed in a joint venture with Canada Pension Plan Investment Board, which invested approximately $147.4 million for a 45% ownership interest in the joint venture. We will provide customary operating, property management and leasing services to, and invested approximately $180.1 million in the joint venture. The acquisition was completed with $300.0 million of financing. The mortgage financing bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.28% per annum and matures on July 19, 2025. At closing, the borrower under the loan, which is a subsidiary of the joint

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venture, entered into interest rate swap contracts with notional amounts aggregating $300.0 million through April 1, 2025, resulting in a fixed rate of approximately 4.063% per annum through the expiration of the interest rate swap contracts.
Our primary uses of capital will be the completion of our current and committed development and redevelopment projects. As of June 30, 2017,2018, our share of the remaining development and redevelopment costs that we expect to fund through 20212022 is approximately $1.3$1.1 billion. To enhance our liquidity, on April 24, 2017,In addition, we executed the Eighth Amendedhave approximately $1.4 billion (our share) in pending new developments for which we have anchor-lease commitments, but have not yet commenced construction, including 2100 Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, DC, Reston Gateway in Reston, Virginia and Restated Credit Agreement to, among other things: (1) increase the total commitment of the Revolving Facility from $1.0 billion to $1.5 billion, (2) extend the maturity date from July 26, 2018 to April 24, 2022, (3) reduce the per annum variable interest rates, and (4) add a $500.0 million delayed draw term loan facility that allows us to delay drawing funds for up to one year from the closing date (See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). 100 Causeway Street in Boston, Massachusetts.
With approximately $560$316 million of cash and cash equivalents and approximately $2.0$1.3 billion available under the 2017 CreditBPLP's Revolving Facility, as of August 3, 2017,2, 2018, we have sufficient capital to complete thesefund our current development and redevelopment projects. We believe that our strong liquidity, including ourthe availability under BPLP’s 2017 CreditRevolving Facility, and proceeds from debt financings and asset sales will provide sufficient liquidity to fund our remaining capital requirements on existing development and redevelopment projects, fund pending new developments and pursue additionalstill be able to act opportunistically on attractive investment opportunities. In addition,
During the second quarter of 2018, we enhanced our liquidity through (1) a $180.0 million construction financing obtained by a joint venture, in which we have a 50% interest, collateralized by its Hub on June 2, 2017Causeway - Residential development project, located in Boston, Massachusetts, (2) borrowing the maximum of $500.0 million under the Delayed Draw Facility and (3) a $120.0 million refinancing collateralized by our 540 Madison Avenue joint venture property, in which we renewed BXP’s $600.0have a 60% interest, located in New York City that reduced the stated interest rate by 0.40% per annum. Excluding our unconsolidated joint venture assets, we have no debt maturing in 2018 and $700.0 million ATM stock offering program for a period of three years. 5.875% unsecured senior notes that mature in October 2019.
We also have not sold any shares under this ATM stock offeringBXP's $600.0 million at the market (ATM) program.
On June 7, 2017, our consolidated joint venture that owns 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) in New York City completed the refinancing of approximately $1.6 billion of indebtedness that was secured by the direct and indirect interests in 767 Fifth Avenue. The new mortgage financing has a principal amount of $2.3 billion, bears interest at a fixed interest rate of 3.43% per annum and matures on June 9, 2027. The loan requires interest-only payments during the 10-year term of the loan. Following this refinancing, we have no remaining debt maturities in 2017. 
In addition, on July 28, 2017, Colorado Center, a joint venture in which we own a 50% interest, obtained mortgage financing totaling $550.0 million. The mortgage financing bears interest at a rate of 3.56% and matures on August 9, 2027. As a result of the financing, the joint venture distributed proceeds of $251.0 million to each partner. Until these proceeds are reinvested, carrying additional cash balances is dilutive to our earnings results.
Given the relatively low interest rates currently available to us in the debt markets, weWe may seek to enhance our liquidity to provide sufficient capacity to meet our debt obligations and to fund our remaining capital requirements on existing developmentdevelopment/redevelopment projects, our foreseeable potential development activity and pursue additional attractive additional investment opportunities. Depending on interest rates and overall conditions in the debt markets, we may determinedecide to access the debt markets in advance of the need for the funds and thisfunds. Doing so may result in us carrying additional cash and cash equivalents pending BPLP’s use of the proceeds, and doing soit would be dilutive to our earnings because it would increaseby increasing our net interest expense.
REIT Tax Distribution Considerations
Dividend
BXP as a REIT is subject to a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that BXP currently distribute at least 90% of its annual taxable income (excluding capital gains and with certain other adjustments). Our policy is for BXP to distribute at least 100% of its taxable income, including capital gains, to avoid paying federal tax. On December 19, 2016,18, 2017, the Board of Directors of BXP increased our regular quarterly dividend tofrom $0.75 per common share to $0.80 per common share, or 6.7% beginning with the fourth quarter of 2016.2017. The second quarter dividend was paid on January 30, 2017July 31, 2018 to shareholders of record as of the close of business on December 30, 2016.June 29, 2018. Common and LTIP unitholders of limited partnership interest in BPLP, as of the close of business on December 30, 2016,June 29, 2018, received the same total distribution per unit on January 30, 2017.July 31, 2018.
BXP’s Board of Directors will continue to evaluate BXP’s policy taking into considerationdividend rate in light of our actual and projected taxable income, our liquidity requirements and other circumstances that the BXP’s Board of Directors may deem relevant from time to time, and there can be no assurance that the future dividends declared by its Board of Directors will not differ materially.
Sales
To the extent that we sell assets at a gain and cannot efficiently use the proceeds in a tax deferred manner for either our development activities or attractive acquisitions, BXP would, at the appropriate time, decide whether it is better to declare a

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special dividend, adopt a stock repurchase program, reduce indebtedness or retain the cash for future investment opportunities. Such a decision will depend on many factors including, among others, the timing, availability and terms of development and acquisition opportunities, our then-current and anticipated leverage, the cost and availability of capital from other sources, the price of BXP’s common stock and REIT distribution requirements. At a minimum, we expect that BXP would distribute at least that amount of proceeds necessary for BXP to avoid paying corporate level tax on the applicable gains realized from any asset sales.

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From time to time in selected cases, whether due to a change in use, structuring issues to comply with applicable REIT regulations or other reasons, we may sell an asset that is held by a taxable REIT subsidiary ("TRS"). Such a sale by a TRS would be subject to federal and local taxes.
Cash Flow Summary
The following summary discussion of our cash flows is based on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and is not meant to be an all-inclusive discussion of the changes in our cash flows for the periods presented below.
Cash and cash equivalents wereand cash held in escrows aggregated approximately $0.5 billion$727.1 million and $1.2 billion$539.8 million at June 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively, representing a decreasean increase of approximately $0.7 billion.$187.3 million. The following table sets forth changes in cash flows:
Six months ended June 30,Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 Increase
(Decrease)
2018 2017 Increase
(Decrease)
(in thousands)
Net cash provided by operating activities$372,278
 $584,151
 $(211,873)$560,846
 $364,809
 $196,037
Net cash used in investing activities(539,470) (425,592) (113,878)(485,801) (547,678) 61,877
Net cash provided by financing activities302,713
 297,767
 4,946
146,646
 302,561
 (155,915)
Our principal source of cash flow is related to the operation of our properties. The average term of our in-place tenant leases, including our unconsolidated joint ventures, is approximately 7.3 years with occupancy rates historically in the range of 90% to 94%. Our properties generate a relatively consistent stream of cash flow that provides us with resources to pay operating expenses, debt service and fund regular quarterly dividend and distribution payment requirements. In addition, over the past several years, we have raised capital through the sale of some of our properties, secured and unsecured borrowings, and equity offerings of BXP.
Cash is used in investing activities to fund acquisitions, development, net investments in unconsolidated joint ventures and maintenance and repositioning capital expenditures. We selectively invest in new projects that enable us to take advantage of our development, leasing, financing and property management skills and invest in existing buildings to enhance or maintain their market position. Cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2018 consisted primarily of development projects, building and tenant improvements and capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures, partially offset by the proceeds from sales or real estate. Cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2017 consisted primarily of development projects, building and tenant improvements and capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures. Cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2016 consisted primarily of development projects and tenant improvements partially offset by the proceeds from the sale of real estate,ventures, as detailed below:
 Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016
 (in thousands)
Acquisitions of real estate (1)$(15,953) $(78,000)
Construction in progress (2)(297,747) (242,944)
Building and other capital improvements(100,808) (48,306)
Tenant improvements(107,533) (116,935)
Proceeds from sales of real estate (3)17,049
 104,816
Proceeds from sales of real estate placed in escrow (3)(16,640) (104,696)
Proceeds from sales of real estate released from escrow (3)15,844
 104,696
Cash released from escrow for investing activities9,004
 6,694
Cash released from escrow for land sale contracts
 781
Deposit on real estate (4)
 (25,000)
Capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures (5)(41,491) (26,040)
Investments in securities, net(1,195) (658)
Net cash used in investing activities$(539,470) $(425,592)

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 Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017
 (in thousands)
Acquisition of real estate (1)$
 $(15,953)
Construction in progress (2)(380,565) (297,747)
Building and other capital improvements(96,730) (100,808)
Tenant improvements(83,982) (107,533)
Proceeds from sales of real estate (3)141,249
 17,049
Capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures (4)(65,250) (41,491)
Investments in securities, net(523) (1,195)
Net cash used in investing activities$(485,801) $(547,678)
___________  
(1)On May 15, 2017, we acquired 103 Carnegie Center located in Princeton, New Jersey for a purchase price of approximately $16.0 million in cash, including transaction costs.
On April 22, 2016, we acquired 3625-3635 Peterson Way located in Santa Clara, California for a purchase price of approximately $78.0 million in cash.
(2)
Construction in progress for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 includes ongoing expenditures associated with Reservoir Place North, 888 Boylston191 Spring Street, Salesforce Tower, Signature at Reston and the Prudential Center retail expansion,Proto Kendall Square, which were partially or fully placed in-service during the six months ended June 30, 2017.2018. In addition, we incurred costs associated with our continued development/redevelopment of Salesforce Tower, One Five Nine East 53rd Street, (the low-rise portion of 601 Lexington Avenue), 191 Spring Street, 145 Broadway, MacArthur Transit Center and Proto at Cambridge and Signature at Reston residential projects.

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Broadway, 20 CityPoint, 17Fifty Presidents Street, 6595 Springfield Center Drive and MacArthur Station Residences projects.
Construction in progress for the six months ended June 30, 20162017 includes ongoing expenditures associated with 601 Massachusetts Avenue, 804 CarnegieReservoir Place North, 888 Boylston Street and the Prudential Center and 10 CityPoint,retail expansion, which were partially or fully placed in-service during the six months ended June 30, 2016.2017. In addition, we incurred costs associated with our continued developmentdevelopment/redevelopment of Salesforce Tower, 888 BoylstonOne Five Nine East 53rd Street, the Prudential Center retail expansion and191 Spring Street, 145 Broadway, MacArthur Station Residences, Proto at CambridgeKendall Square and Signature at Reston residential projects.Reston.
(3)On April 19, 2017,January 9, 2018, we completed the sale of an approximately 9.5-acre parcel of land at 30 Shattuck Roadour 500 E Street, S.W. property located in Andover, MassachusettsWashington, DC for a grossnet contract sale price of $5.0approximately $118.6 million. Net cash proceeds totaled approximately $5.0 million.$116.1 million, resulting in a gain on sale of real estate totaling approximately $96.4 million for BXP and approximately $98.9 million for BPLP. 500 E Street, S.W. is an approximately 262,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property.
On May 24, 2018, we completed the sale of our 91 Hartwell Avenue property located in Lexington, Massachusetts for a gross sale price of approximately $22.2 million. Net cash proceeds totaled approximately $21.7 million, resulting in a gain on sale of real estate totaling approximately $15.5 million for BXP. and approximately $15.9 million for BPLP. 91 Hartwell Avenue is an approximately 119,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property.
On April 19, 2017, we completed the sale of an approximately 9.5-acre parcel of land at 30 Shattuck Road located in Andover, Massachusetts for a gross sale price of $5.0 million. Net cash proceeds totaled approximately $5.0 million.
On June 13, 2017, we completed the sale of 40 Shattuck Road located in Andover, Massachusetts for a gross sale price of $12.0 million. Net cash proceeds totaled approximately $11.9 million.
On February 1, 2016, we completed the sale of our 415 Main Street property located in Cambridge, Massachusetts to the tenant for a gross sale price of approximately $105.4 million.  Net cash proceeds totaled approximately $104.9 million.
(4)Deposits on real estate for the six months ended June 30, 2016 was related to a deposit we made prior to our closing on the acquisition of a 49.8% interest in an existing joint venture that owns and operates Colorado Center located in Santa Monica, California.
(5)
Capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures for the six months ended June 30, 2017 were2018 consisted primarily due toof cash contributions of approximately $21.9$46.5 million and $19.4$17.2 million to our Dock 727750 Wisconsin Avenue and Hub on Causeway joint ventures, respectively.
Capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures for the six months ended June 30, 20162017 were primarily due to cash contributions of approximately $9.4 million, $9.7$21.9 million and $7.0$19.4 million to our Dock 72 and Hub on Causeway 1265 Main Street and Dock 72 joint ventures, respectively.
Cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 totaled approximately $302.7$146.6 million. This consisted primarily of the net proceeds from the refinancing of the 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) debtour Delayed Draw Facility totaling $500.0 million, partially offset by the payment of our regular dividends and distributions to our shareholders and unitholders. Future debt payments are discussed below under the heading “Capitalization—Debt Financing.”

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Capitalization
The following table presents Consolidated Market Capitalization and BXP’s Share of Market Capitalization, as well as the corresponding ratios of Consolidated Debt to Consolidated Market Capitalization and BXP’s Share of Debt to BXP’s Share of Market Capitalization (dollars in thousands)(in thousands except for percentages):
 June 30, 2017  June 30, 2018 
 Shares / Units Outstanding Common Stock Equivalent Equivalent Value (1)  Shares / Units Outstanding Common Stock Equivalent Equivalent Value (1) 
Common Stock 154,307,529
 154,307,529
 $18,982,912
  154,412
 154,412
 $19,366,353
 
Common Operating Partnership Units 17,640,667
 17,640,667
 2,170,154
(2) 17,824
 17,824
 2,235,486
(2)
5.25% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (non-callable until March 27, 2018) 80,000
 
 200,000
 
5.25% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (callable on and after March 27, 2018) 80
 
 200,000
 
Total Equity   171,948,196
 $21,353,066
    172,236
 $21,801,839
 
              
Consolidated Debt   

 $10,236,639
    

 $10,721,878
 
Add:        
     
BXP’s share of unconsolidated joint venture debt (3)     317,724
      648,935
 
Subtract:              
Partners’ share of Consolidated Debt (4)     (1,211,485)      (1,207,123) 
BXP’s Share of Debt     $9,342,878
      $10,163,690
 
              
Consolidated Market Capitalization     $31,589,705
      $32,523,717
 
BXP’s Share of Market Capitalization     $30,695,944
      $31,965,529
 
Consolidated Debt/Consolidated Market Capitalization     32.40%      32.97% 
BXP’s Share of Debt/BXP’s Share of Market Capitalization     30.44% BXP’s Share of Debt/BXP’s Share of Market Capitalization   31.80% 
_______________  
(1)Except for the Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, which is valued at the liquidation preference of $2,500.00 per share, values are based on the closing price per share of BXP’s Common Stock on June 30, 201729, 2018 of $123.02,$125.42.
(2)Includes 816,982 long-term incentive plan units (including 118,067 2012 OPP Units, 85,405 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units and 25,107 20142015 MYLTIP Units), but excludes an aggregate of 1,239,978 MYLTIP Units granted between 20152016 and 2017.2018.
(3)See page 7782 for additional information.
(4)See page 7681 for additional information.

Consolidated Debt to Consolidated Market Capitalization Ratio is a measure of leverage commonly used by analysts in the REIT industry.sector. We present this measure as a percentage and it is calculated by dividing (A) our consolidated debt by (B) our consolidated market capitalization, which is the market value of our outstanding equity securities plus our consolidated debt. Consolidated market capitalization is the sum of:
(1)     our consolidated debt; plus
(2)     the product of (x) the closing price per share of BXP common stock on June 30, 2017,29, 2018, as reported by the New York Stock Exchange, multiplied by (y) the sum of:
(i)the number of outstanding shares of common stock of BXP,
(ii)the number of outstanding OP Units in BPLP (excluding OP Units held by BXP),
(iii)the number of OP Units issuable upon conversion of all outstanding LTIP Units, assuming all conditions have been met for the conversion of the LTIP Units, and
(iv)the number of OP Units issuable upon conversion of 2012 OPP Units, 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units and 20142015 MYLTIP Units that were issued in the form of LTIP Units; plus
(3)     the aggregate liquidation preference ($2,500 per share) of the outstanding shares of BXP’s 5.25% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock.

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The calculation of consolidated market capitalization does not include LTIP Units issued in the form of MYLTIP Awards unless and until certain performance thresholds are achieved and they are earned. Because their three-year performance periods have not yet ended, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 20172018 MYLTIP Units are not included in this calculation as of June 30, 2017.2018.
We also present BXP’s Share of Market Capitalization, which is calculated in the same manner, except that BXP’s Share of Debt is utilized instead of our consolidated debt in both the numerator and the denominator. BXP’s Share of Debt is defined as our consolidated debt plus our share of debt from our unconsolidated joint ventures (calculated based upon our ownership percentage), minus our partners’ share of debt from our consolidated joint ventures (calculated based upon the partners’ percentage ownership interests)interests adjusted for basis differentials). Management believes that BXP’s Share of Debt provides useful information to investors regarding our financial condition because it includes our share of debt from unconsolidated joint ventures and excludes our partners’ share of debt from consolidated joint ventures, in each case presented on the same basis. We have several significant joint ventures and presenting various measures of financial condition in this manner can help investors better understand our financial condition and/or results of operations after taking into account our economic interest in these joint ventures.  We caution investors that the ownership percentages used in calculating BXP’s Share of Debt may not completely and accurately depict all of the legal and economic implications of holding an interest in a consolidated or unconsolidated joint venture. For example, in addition to partners’ interests in profits and capital, venture agreements vary in the allocation of rights regarding decision making (both for routine and major decisions), distributions, transferability of interests, liquidations and other matters.  Moreover, in some cases we exercise significant influence over, but do not control, the joint venture in which case GAAP requires that we account for the joint venture entity using the equity method of accounting and we do not consolidate it for financial reporting purposes.  As a result, presentations of BXP’s Share of a financial measure should be considered with and as a supplement to our financial information presented in accordance with GAAP.
We present these supplemental ratios because our degree of leverage could affect our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, development or other general corporate purposes and because different investors and lenders consider one or both of these ratios. Investors should understand that these ratios are, in part, a function of the market price of the common stock of BXP and as such will fluctuate with changes in such price, and they do not necessarily reflect our capacity to incur additional debt to finance our activities or our ability to manage our existing debt obligations. However, for a company like BXP, whose assets are primarily income-producing real estate, these ratios may provide investors with an alternate indication of leverage, so long as they are evaluated along with the ratio of indebtedness to other measures of asset value used by financial analysts and other financial ratios, as well as the various components of our outstanding indebtedness.
For a discussion of our unconsolidated joint venture indebtedness, see “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capitalization—Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements—Joint Venture Indebtedness” within “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and for a discussion of our consolidated joint venture indebtedness see “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capitalization—Mortgage Notes Payable, Net” within “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Debt Financing
As of June 30, 2017,2018, we had approximately $10.2$10.7 billion of outstanding consolidated indebtedness, representing approximately 32.40%32.97% of our Consolidated Market Capitalization as calculated above consisting of approximately (1) $7.3 billion (net of discount and deferred financing fees) in publicly traded unsecured senior notes having a GAAP weighted-average interest rate of 4.21%4.15% per annum and maturities in 20182019 through 2026; (2) $3.0 billion (net of deferred financing fees) of property-specific mortgage debt having a GAAP weighted-average interest rate of 3.96%3.95% per annum and weighted-average term of 8.77.7 years (See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).and (3) $498.2 million (net of deferred financing fees) outstanding under BPLP's Delayed Draw Facility that matures on April 24, 2022.
The table below summarizes the aggregate carrying value of our mortgage notes payable, mezzanine notes payable and outside members’ notes payable and BPLP’s unsecured senior notes, line of credit and term loan as well as Consolidated Debt Financing Statistics at June 30, 20172018 and June 30, 2016. Because the outside members’ notes payable are allocated to the partners, they are not included in the Consolidated Debt Financing Statistics.
2017.

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June 30,June 30,
2017 20162018 2017
(dollars in thousands)(dollars in thousands)
Debt Summary:      
Balance      
Fixed rate mortgage notes payable, net$2,986,283
 $3,189,013
$2,972,052
 $2,986,283
Unsecured senior notes, net7,250,356
 6,257,274
Unsecured senior notes, net of discount7,251,578
 7,250,356
Unsecured line of credit
 

 
Unsecured term loan
 
Mezzanine notes payable
 307,797
Outside members’ notes payable
 180,000
Unsecured term loan, net498,248
 
Consolidated Debt10,236,639
 9,934,084
10,721,878
 10,236,639
Add:      
BXP’s share of unconsolidated joint venture debt (1)317,724
 350,831
BXP’s share of unconsolidated joint venture debt, net (1)648,935
 317,724
Subtract:      
Partners’ share of consolidated mortgage notes payable, net (2)(1,211,485) (853,280)(1,207,123) (1,211,485)
Partners’ share of consolidated mezzanine notes payable
 (123,119)
Outside members’ notes payable
 (180,000)
BXP’s Share of Debt$9,342,878
 $9,128,516
$10,163,690
 $9,342,878
      
June 30,June 30,
2017 20162018 2017
Consolidated Debt Financing Statistics:      
Percent of total debt:      
Fixed rate100.00% 100.00%95.35% 100.00%
Variable rate% %4.65% %
Total100.00% 100.00%100.00% 100.00%
GAAP Weighted-average interest rate at end of period:      
Fixed rate4.13% 4.32%4.09% 4.13%
Variable rate% %2.98% %
Total4.13% 4.32%4.04% 4.13%
Coupon/Stated Weighted-average interest rate at end of period:      
Fixed rate4.03% 4.77%3.98% 4.03%
Variable rate% %2.88% %
Total4.03% 4.77%3.93% 4.03%
Weighted-average maturity at end of period (in years):      
Fixed rate6.4
 4.4
5.9
 6.4
Variable rate
 
3.8
 
Total6.4
 4.4
5.8
 6.4
_______________  
(1)See page 7782 for additional information.
(2)See page 7681 for additional information.
Credit Facility
On April 24, 2017, BPLP entered into the 2017 Credit Facility. Among other things, the 2017 Credit Facility (1) increased the total commitment of the Revolving Facilityrevolving line of credit (the "Revolving Facility") from $1.0 billion to $1.5 billion, (2) extended the maturity date from July 26, 2018 to April 24, 2022, (3) reduced the per annum variable interest rates, and (4) added a $500.0 million Delayed Draw Facility that permits BPLP to draw until the first anniversary of the closing date. Based on BPLP’s current credit rating, (1) the applicable Eurocurrency margins for the Revolving Facility and Delayed Draw Facility are 87.582.5 basis points and 9590 basis points, respectively, and (2) the facility fee on the Revolving Facility commitment is 0.15%0.125% per annum.
On April 24, 2018, BPLP exercised its option to draw $500.0 million on its Delayed Draw Facility. The Delayed Draw Facility bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 0.90% per annum based on BPLP's current credit rating and matures on April 24, 2022.


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Draw Facility has a fee on unused commitments equal to 0.15% per annum (See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
As of June 30, 2017 and August 3, 2017, we2018, BPLP had $500.0 million of borrowings outstanding under its Delayed Draw Facility, no borrowings under its Revolving Facility and outstanding letters of credit totaling approximately $1.5$1.6 million outstanding under the 2017 Credit Facility, with the ability to borrow approximately $2.0 billion.$1.5 billion under the Revolving Facility. As of August 2, 2018, BPLP had $500.0 million of borrowings outstanding under its Delayed Draw Facility, $160 million of borrowings under its Revolving Facility and outstanding letters of credit totaling approximately $0.3 million outstanding with the ability to borrow approximately $1.3 billion under the Revolving Facility.
Unsecured Senior Notes, Net
The following summarizes the unsecured senior notes outstanding as of June 30, 20172018 (dollars in thousands): 
Coupon/
Stated Rate
 
Effective
Rate(1)
 
Principal
Amount
 Maturity Date(2)Coupon/Stated Rate Effective Rate (1) Principal Amount Maturity Date (2)
10 Year Unsecured Senior Notes5.875% 5.967% $700,000
 October 15, 20195.875% 5.967% $700,000
 October 15, 2019
10 Year Unsecured Senior Notes5.625% 5.708% 700,000
 November 15, 20205.625% 5.708% 700,000
 November 15, 2020
10 Year Unsecured Senior Notes4.125% 4.289% 850,000
 May 15, 20214.125% 4.289% 850,000
 May 15, 2021
7 Year Unsecured Senior Notes3.700% 3.853% 850,000
 November 15, 2018
11 Year Unsecured Senior Notes3.850% 3.954% 1,000,000
 February 1, 20233.850% 3.954% 1,000,000
 February 1, 2023
10.5 Year Unsecured Senior Notes3.125% 3.279% 500,000
 September 1, 20233.125% 3.279% 500,000
 September 1, 2023
10.5 Year Unsecured Senior Notes3.800% 3.916% 700,000
 February 1, 20243.800% 3.916% 700,000
 February 1, 2024
7 Year Unsecured Senior Notes3.200% 3.350% 850,000
 January 15, 2025
10 Year Unsecured Senior Notes3.650% 3.766% 1,000,000
 February 1, 20263.650% 3.766% 1,000,000
 February 1, 2026
10 Year Unsecured Senior Notes2.750% 3.495% 1,000,000
 October 1, 20262.750% 3.495% 1,000,000
 October 1, 2026
Total principal    7,300,000
     7,300,000
 
Net unamortized discount    (17,474)     (16,563) 
Deferred financing costs, net    (32,170)     (31,859) 
Total    $7,250,356
     $7,251,578
 
_______________
(1)Yield on issuance date including the effects of discounts on the notes, settlements of interest rate contracts and the amortization of financing costs.
(2)
No principal amounts are due prior to maturity.maturity.
The indenture relating to the unsecured senior notes contains certain financial restrictions and requirements, including (1) a leverage ratio not to exceed 60%, (2) a secured debt leverage ratio not to exceed 50%, (3) an interest coverage ratio of greater than 1.50, and (4) an unencumbered asset value of not less than 150% of unsecured debt. At June 30, 2017,2018, BPLP was in compliance with each of these financial restrictions and requirements.

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Mortgage Notes Payable, Net
The following represents the outstanding principal balances due under the mortgage notes payable at June 30, 2017:2018:
Properties 
Stated
Interest Rate
 
GAAP
Interest Rate(1)
 
Stated
Principal
Amount
 Deferred Financing Costs, Net 
Carrying
Amount
 
Carrying Amount (partners share)
   Maturity Date Stated Interest Rate GAAP Interest Rate (1) Stated Principal Amount Deferred Financing Costs, Net Carrying Amount 
Carrying Amount (partners share)
   Maturity Date
 (dollars in thousands) (dollars in thousands)
Wholly-ownedWholly-owned         Wholly-owned         
New Dominion Tech Park, Bldg. One 7.69% 7.84% $34,409
 $(295) $34,114
 N/A
    January 15, 2021 7.69% 7.84% $31,422
 $(211) $31,211
 N/A
    January 15, 2021
University Place 6.94% 6.99% 8,331
 (52) 8,279
 N/A
    August 1, 2021 6.94% 6.99% 6,545
 (40) 6,505
 N/A
    August 1, 2021
     42,740
 (347) 42,393
 N/A
      37,967
 (251) 37,716
 N/A
 
Consolidated Joint VenturesConsolidated Joint Ventures         Consolidated Joint Ventures         
767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) 3.43% 3.64% 2,300,000
 (34,687) 2,265,313
 906,125
 (2)(3)(4) June 9, 2027 3.43% 3.64% 2,300,000
 (31,212) 2,268,788
 $907,626
 (2)(3)(4) June 9, 2027
601 Lexington Avenue 4.75% 4.79% 680,167
 (1,590) 678,577
 305,360
 (5) April 10, 2022 4.75% 4.79% 666,802
 (1,254) 665,548
 299,497
 (5) April 10, 2022
     2,980,167
 (36,277) 2,943,890
 1,211,485
      2,966,802
 (32,466) 2,934,336
 1,207,123
 
Total     $3,022,907
 $(36,624) $2,986,283
 $1,211,485
         $3,004,769
 $(32,717) $2,972,052
 $1,207,123
    
_______________  

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(1)GAAP interest rate differs from the stated interest rate due to the inclusion of the amortization of financing charges and the effects of hedging transactions.
(2)The mortgage loan requires interest only payments with a balloon payment due at maturitymaturity.
(3)This property is owned by a consolidated entity in which we have a 60% interest. The partners' share of the carrying amount has been adjusted for basis differentials.
(4)In connection with the refinancing of the loan, we guaranteed the consolidated entity’s obligation to fund various reserves for tenant improvement costs and allowances, leasing commissions and free rent obligations in lieu of cash deposits. As of June 30, 2017,2018, the maximum funding obligation under the guarantee was approximately $263.8$144.7 million. We earn a fee from the joint venture for providing the guarantee and have an agreement with our partners to reimburse the joint venture for their share of any payments made under the guarantee (See Notes 5 and 7Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
(5)This property is owned by a consolidated entity in which we have a 55% interest.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements—Joint Venture Indebtedness
We have investments in unconsolidated joint ventures with our effective ownership interests ranging from 20% to 60%. EightEleven of these ventures have mortgage indebtedness. We exercise significant influence over, but do not control, these entities and therefore they are presently accounted for using the equity method of accounting. See also Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. At June 30, 2017,2018, the aggregate carrying amount of debt, including both our and our partners’ share, incurred by these ventures was approximately $864.0 million$1.5 billion (of which our proportionate share is approximately $317.7$648.9 million). The table below summarizes the outstanding debt of these joint venture properties at June 30, 2017.2018. In addition to other guarantees specifically noted in the table, we have agreed to customary environmental indemnifications and nonrecourse carve-outs (e.g., guarantees against fraud, misrepresentation and bankruptcy) as well as the completion of development projects on certain of the loans.
 

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Properties 
Venture
Ownership
%
 
Stated
Interest
Rate
 
GAAP
Interest
Rate (1)
 Stated Principal Amount Deferred Financing Costs, Net Carrying Amount Carrying Amount (Our Share)   Maturity Date Venture Ownership % Stated Interest Rate GAAP Interest Rate (1) Stated Principal Amount Deferred Financing Costs, Net Carrying Amount Carrying Amount (Our Share)   Maturity Date
 (dollars in thousands) (dollars in thousands)
540 Madison Avenue 60% 2.51% 2.68% $120,000
 $(187) $119,813
 $71,888
 (2)(3) June 5, 2018 60% 3.14% 3.42% $120,000
 $(657) $119,343
 $71,606
 (2)(3) June 5, 2023
Market Square North 50% 5.75% 5.81% 122,285
 (273) 122,012
 61,006
    October 1, 2020 50% 4.85% 4.91% 119,931
 (189) 119,742
 59,871
    October 1, 2020
Annapolis Junction Building One 50% 6.76% 6.93% 39,549
 (62) 39,487
 19,739
 (4) March 31, 2018 50% 7.67% 7.85% 39,549
 
 39,549
 19,775
 (4) March 31, 2018
Annapolis Junction Building Six 50% 3.34% 3.57% 13,886
 (48) 13,838
 6,919
 (5) November 17, 2018 50% 4.24% 4.42% 13,346
 (14) 13,332
 6,666
 (5) November 17, 2018
Annapolis Junction Building Seven and Eight 50% 3.36% 3.64% 36,423
 (249) 36,174
 18,087
 (6) December 7, 2019 50% 4.27% 4.55% 35,771
 (146) 35,625
 17,813
 (6) December 7, 2019
1265 Main Street 50% 3.77% 3.84% 40,095
 (402) 39,693
 19,846
 January 1, 2032 50% 3.77% 3.84% 39,343
 (375) 38,968
 19,484
 January 1, 2032
Colorado Center 50% 3.56% 3.58% 550,000
 (936) 549,064
 274,531
 (2) August 9, 2027
Dock 72 50% N/A
 N/A
 
 
 
 
 (2)(7) December 18, 2020 50% 4.24% 5.39% 95,415
 (8,580) 86,835
 43,417
 (2)(7) December 18, 2020
The Hub on Causeway - Podium 50% 4.21% 4.68% 35,109
 (3,071) 32,038
 16,019
 (2)(8) September 6, 2021
The Hub on Causeway - Residential 50% N/A
 N/A
 
 
 
 
 (2)(9) April 19, 2022
500 North Capitol Street 30% 4.15% 4.20% 105,000
 (350) 104,650
 31,395
 (2) June 6, 2023 30% 4.15% 4.20% 105,000
 (291) 104,709
 31,413
 (2) June 6, 2023
901 New York Avenue 25% 3.61% 3.69% 225,000
 (1,340) 223,660
 55,915
    January 5, 2025 25% 3.61% 3.69% 225,000
 (1,161) 223,839
 55,960
    January 5, 2025
Metropolitan Square 20% 5.75% 5.81% 164,936
 (282) 164,654
 32,929
    May 5, 2020 20% 5.75% 5.81% 162,090
 (183) 161,907
 32,380
    May 5, 2020
Total       $867,174
 $(3,193) $863,981
 $317,724
           $1,540,554
 $(15,603) $1,524,951
 $648,935
    
_______________  
(1)GAAP interest rate differs from the stated interest rate due to the inclusion of the amortization of financing charges.charges, which includes mortgage recording fees.
(2)The loan requires interest only payments with a balloon payment due at maturity.
(3)
Mortgage loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.50%1.10% per annum.annum (See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
(4)On April 11, 2016, a notice of event of default was received from the lender because the loan to value ratio is not in compliance with the applicable covenant in the loan agreement. On October 17, 2016, the lender notified the joint venture that it has elected to charge the default rate on the loan. The default rate is defined as LIBOR plus 5.75% per annum. Subsequently, the cash flows generated from the property have become insufficient to fund debt service payments and capital improvements necessary to lease and operate the property and the joint venture is not prepared to fund additional cash shortfalls at this time. Consequently, the joint venture is not current on making debt service payments and remains in default. The loan has one, three-year extension option, subject to certain conditions including that no event of default exists or is ongoing.

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(5)The loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.25% per annum.
(6)The loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.35% per annum and matures on December 7, 2019, with three, one-year extension options, subject to certain conditions.
(7)No amounts have been drawn under the $250.0 million construction facility. The construction financing bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.25% per annum and matures on December 18, 2020, with two, one-year extension option, subject to certain conditions.
(8)The construction financing bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.25% per annum and matures on September 6, 2021, with two, one-year extension options, subject to certain conditions. In connection with the construction financing, we obtained the right to complete the construction of the garage underneath the project being developed by an affiliate of our joint venture partner and obtain funding from the garage construction lender.  We agreed to guarantee completion of the garage to the construction lender and an affiliate of our partner agreed to reimburse us for our partner’s share of any payments under the guarantee.
(9)No amounts have been drawn under the $180.0 million construction facility. The construction financing bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.00% per annum and matures on April 19, 2022, with two, one-year extension options, subject to certain conditions.

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State and Local Tax Matters
Because BXP is organized and qualifies as a REIT, it is generally not subject to federal income taxes, but it is subject to certain state and local taxes. In the normal course of business, BXP, BPLP and certain entities through which we own real estate either have undergone, or are currently undergoing, tax audits or other inquiries. Although we believe that we have substantial arguments in favor of our positions in the ongoing audits, in some instances there is no controlling precedent or interpretive guidance on the specific point at issue. Collectively, tax deficiency notices received to date from the jurisdictions conducting the ongoing audits have not been material. However, there can be no assurance that future audits will not occur with increased frequency or that the ultimate result of such audits will not have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Insurance
We carry insurance coverage on our properties of types and in amounts and with deductibles that we believe are in line with coverage customarily obtained by owners of similar properties. For additional information concerning our insurance program, see Note 76 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Funds from Operations
Pursuant to the revised definition of Funds from Operations adopted by the Board of Governors of the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”Nareit”), we calculate Funds from Operations, or “FFO,” for each of BXP and BPLP by adjusting net income (loss) attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income (loss) attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders, respectively, (computed in accordance with GAAP) for gains (or losses) from sales of properties, impairment losses on depreciable real estate consolidated on our balance sheet, impairment losses on our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures driven by a measurable decrease in the fair value of depreciable real estate held by the unconsolidated joint ventures and our share of real estate-related depreciation and amortization, and our share of income (loss) from unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures.amortization. FFO is a non-GAAP financial measure, but we believe the presentation of FFO, combined with the presentation of required GAAP financial measures, has improved the understanding of operating results of REITs among the investing public and has helped make comparisons of REIT operating results more meaningful. Management generally considers FFO to be useful measures for understanding and comparing our operating results because, by excluding gains and losses related to sales of previously depreciated operating real estate assets, impairment losses and real estate asset depreciation and amortization (which can differ across owners of similar assets in similar condition based on historical cost accounting and useful life estimates), FFO can help investors compare the operating performance of a company's real estate across reporting periods and to the operating performance of other companies.
Our computation of FFO may not be comparable to FFO reported by other REITs or real estate companies that do not define the term in accordance with the current NAREITNareit definition or that interpret the current NAREITNareit definition differently. We believe that in order to facilitate a clear understanding of our operating results, FFO should be examined in conjunction with net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership as presented in our Consolidated Financial Statements. FFO should not be considered as a substitute for net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders or net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders (determined in accordance with GAAP) or any other GAAP financial measures and should only be considered together with and as a supplement to our financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP.


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Boston Properties, Inc.
The following table presents a reconciliation of net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders to FFO attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016:2017: 
Three months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30,
2017 20162018 2017
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$133,709
 $96,597
$128,681
 $133,709
Add:      
Preferred dividends2,625
 2,589
2,625
 2,625
Noncontrolling interest—common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership15,473
 11,357
14,859
 15,473
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships15,203
 6,814
14,400
 15,203
Less:      
Gains on sales of real estate3,767
 
18,292
 3,767
Income before gains on sales of real estate163,243
 117,357
142,273
 163,243
Add:      
Depreciation and amortization151,919
 153,175
156,417
 151,919
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships’ share of depreciation and amortization(19,327) (19,369)(18,426) (19,327)
BXP’s share of depreciation and amortization from unconsolidated joint ventures9,629
 4,618
9,312
 9,629
Corporate-related depreciation and amortization(486) (362)(406) (486)
Less:      
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships15,203
 6,814
14,400
 15,203
Preferred dividends2,625
 2,589
2,625
 2,625
Funds from Operations (FFO) attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders (including Boston Properties, Inc.) (Basic FFO)
287,150
 246,016
272,145
 287,150
Less:      
Noncontrolling interest—common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s share of funds from operations29,269
 25,421
27,704
 29,269
FFO attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$257,881
 $220,595
$244,441
 $257,881
Boston Properties, Inc.’s percentage share of Funds from Operations—basic89.81% 89.67%89.82% 89.81%
Weighted-average shares outstanding—basic154,177
 153,662
154,415
 154,177
Reconciliation to Diluted Funds from Operations:
Three Months Ended June 30, 2017 Three Months Ended June 30, 2016Three months ended June 30, 2018 Three months ended June 30, 2017
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Basic FFO$287,150
 171,675
 $246,016
 171,370
$272,145
 171,916
 $287,150
 171,675
Effect of Dilutive Securities              
Stock Based Compensation
 154
 
 198

 156
 
 154
Diluted FFO287,150
 171,829
 246,016
 171,568
272,145
 172,072
 287,150
 171,829
Less:              
Noncontrolling interest—common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s share of diluted FFO29,243
 17,498
 25,391
 17,708
27,678
 17,501
 29,243
 17,498
Boston Properties, Inc.’s share of Diluted FFO (1)$257,907
 154,331
 $220,625
 153,860
$244,467
 154,571
 $257,907
 154,331
 _______________  
(1)BXP’s share of diluted FFO was 89.82%89.83% and 89.68%89.82% for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively.

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Boston Properties Limited Partnership
The following table presents a reconciliation of net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders to FFO attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016:2017:
Three months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30,
2017 20162018 2017
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$151,844
 $109,938
$145,961
 $151,844
Add:      
Preferred distributions2,625
 2,589
2,625
 2,625
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships15,203
 6,814
14,400
 15,203
Less:      
Gains on sales of real estate4,344
 
18,770
 4,344
Income before gains on sales of real estate165,328
 119,341
144,216
 165,328
Add:      
Depreciation and amortization149,834
 151,191
154,474
 149,834
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships’ share of depreciation and amortization(19,327) (19,369)(18,426) (19,327)
BPLPs share of depreciation and amortization from unconsolidated joint ventures
9,629
 4,618
9,312
 9,629
Corporate-related depreciation and amortization(486) (362)(406) (486)
Less:      
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships15,203
 6,814
14,400
 15,203
Preferred distributions2,625
 2,589
2,625
 2,625
Funds from Operations (FFO) attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders (Basic FFO) (1)
$287,150
 $246,016
Funds from Operations (FFO) attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders (“Basic FFO”) (1)$272,145
 $287,150
Weighted-average units outstanding—basic171,675
 171,370
171,916
 171,675
_______________ 
(1)Our calculation includes OP Units and vested LTIP Units (including vested 2012 OPP Units, vested 2013 MYLTIP Units, vested 2014 MYLTIP Units and vested 20142015 MYLTIP Units).
Reconciliation to Diluted Funds from Operations:
Three Months Ended June 30, 2017 Three Months Ended June 30, 2016Three months ended June 30, 2018 Three months ended June 30, 2017
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Basic FFO$287,150
 171,675
 $246,016
 171,370
$272,145
 171,916
 $287,150
 171,675
Effect of Dilutive Securities              
Stock Based Compensation
 154
 
 198

 156
 
 154
Diluted FFO$287,150
 171,829
 $246,016
 171,568
$272,145
 172,072
 $287,150
 171,829

Contractual Obligations
We have various service contracts with vendors related to our property management. In addition, we have certain other contracts we enter into in the ordinary course of business that may extend beyond one year. These contracts include terms that provide for cancellation with insignificant or no cancellation penalties. Contract terms are generally between three and five years.
During the second quarter of 2017,2018, we paid approximately $70.3$60.0 million to fund tenant-related obligations, including tenant improvements and leasing commissions, and incurred approximately $46$121 million of new tenant-related obligations associated with approximately 744,0001.7 million square feet of second generation leases, or approximately $62$71 per square foot. In addition, we signed leases for approximately 183,00035,000 square feet at our

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development properties. The tenant-related obligations for
the development properties are included within the projects’ “Estimated Total Investment” referred to in “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition” and “Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources.” In the aggregate, during the second quarter of 2017,2018, we signed leases for approximately 927,0001.7 million square feet of space and incurred aggregate tenant-related obligations of approximately $65$129 million, or approximately $70$74 per square foot.
ITEM 3—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
The following table presents the aggregate carrying value of our mortgage notes payable, net, unsecured senior notes, net, unsecured line of credit, unsecured term loan, net and our corresponding estimate of fair value as of June 30, 2017.2018. Approximately $10.2 billion of these borrowings bore interest at fixed rates and therefore the fair value of these instruments is affected by changes in the market interest rates. As of June 30, 2018, the weighted-average interest rate on our variable rate debt was LIBOR plus 0.90%, or 2.88% per annum. The following table presents our aggregate fixed rate debt obligations with corresponding weighted-average interest rates sorted by maturity date. At June 30, 2017, none ofdate and our borrowings bore interest at aaggregate variable rate.rate debt obligations sorted by maturity date.
The table below does not include our unconsolidated joint venture debt. For a discussion concerning our unconsolidated joint venture debt, see Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements and “Item 2Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Capitalization—Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements—Joint Venture Indebtedness.
 
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022+ Total 
Estimated
Fair Value
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023+ Total 
Estimated
Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Mortgage debt, net
(dollars in thousands)
Mortgage debt, net
Fixed Rate$6,982
 $14,703
 $15,740
 $16,836
 $36,342
 $2,895,680
 $2,986,283
 $3,056,829
$7,478
 $15,745
 $16,841
 $36,346
 $611,132
 $2,284,510
 $2,972,052
 $2,938,167
Average Interest Rate5.51% 5.52% 5.53% 5.55% 6.61% 3.89% 3.96%  5.53% 5.53% 5.55% 6.61% 4.79% 3.64% 3.95%  
Variable Rate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unsecured debt, netUnsecured debt, net
Fixed Rate$(4,427) $841,285
 $692,461
 $692,962
 $844,289
 $4,183,786
 $7,250,356
 $7,516,131
$(4,423) $691,233
 $691,726
 $843,044
 $(6,475) $5,036,473
 $7,251,578
 $7,188,261
Average Interest Rate
 3.85% 5.97% 5.71% 4.29% 3.71% 4.21%  
 5.97% 5.71% 4.29% 
 3.65% 4.15%  
Variable Rate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$(240) $(460) $(451) $(451) $499,850
 
 $498,248
 $500,181
$2,555
 $855,988

$708,201

$709,798

$880,631

$7,079,466

$10,236,639
 $10,572,960
$2,815
 $706,518

$708,116

$878,939

$1,104,507

$7,320,983

$10,721,878
 $10,626,609

At June 30, 2017,2018, the weighted-average coupon/stated rates on the fixed rate debt stated above was 4.03%3.98% per annum. At June 30, 2018, our outstanding variable rate debt based on LIBOR totaled approximately $498.2 million. At June 30, 2018, the coupon/stated rate on our variable rate debt was approximately 2.88%. If market interest rates on our variable rate debt had been 100 basis points greater, total interest expense would have increased approximately $1.2 million and $2.5 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018.
The fair value amounts were determined solely by considering the impact of hypothetical interest rates on our financial instruments. Due to the uncertainty of specific actions we may undertake to minimize possible effects of market interest rate increases, this analysis assumes no changes in our financial structure.
ITEM 4—Controls and Procedures.
Boston Properties, Inc.
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. As of the end of the period covered by this report, our management, with the participation of Boston Properties, Inc.’s Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer), evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Based upon that evaluation, Boston Properties, Inc.’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.
(b) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. No change in Boston Properties, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) occurred during the second quarter of our fiscal year ending December 31, 20172018 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, Boston Properties, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting.
Boston Properties Limited Partnership
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. As of the end of the period covered by this report, the management of Boston Properties, Inc., the sole general partner of Boston Properties Limited Partnership, with the participation of its Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer), evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Boston Properties, Inc. concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.
(b) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. No change in its internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) occurred during the second quarter of our fiscal year ending December 31, 20172018 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.


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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1—Legal Proceedings.
We are subject to legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. These matters are generally covered by insurance. Management believes that the final outcome of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity.
ITEM 1A—Risk Factors.
Except to the extent updated below or previously updated or to the extent additional factual information disclosed elsewhere in these Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q relates to such risk factors (including, without limitation, the matters discussed in Part I, “Item 2Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”), there were no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.2017.
ITEM 2—Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Boston Properties, Inc.

(a)During the three months ended June 30, 2017, Boston Properties, Inc. issued an aggregate of 458,079 shares of common stock in exchange for 458,079 common units of limited partnership that were held by certain limited partners of Boston Properties Limited Partnership. Of these shares, 456,651 shares were issued in reliance on an exemption from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. We relied on the exemption under Section 4(a)(2) based upon factual representations received from the limited partners who received the shares of common stock.None.
(b)Not applicable.
(c)Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.


Period
(a)
Total Number of Shares of Common Stock
Purchased
 
(b)
Average Price Paid per Common Share
(c)
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
(d)
Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet be Purchased
April 1, 2017 - April 30, 2017
 $
N/AN/A
May 1, 2017 - May 31, 2017
 
N/AN/A
June 1, 2017 - June 30, 20171,356
(1)0.01
N/AN/A
Total1,356
 $0.01
N/AN/A
Period
(a)
Total Number of Shares of Common Stock Purchased
 
(b)
Average Price Paid per Common Share
(c)
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
(d)
Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet be Purchased
April 1, 2018 - April 30, 2018
 
N/AN/A
May 1, 2018 - May 31, 2018
 
N/AN/A
June 1, 2018 - June 30, 2018180
(1)$0.01
N/AN/A
Total180
 $0.01
N/AN/A
____________________________
(1)Represents shares of restricted common stock of Boston Properties, Inc. repurchased in connection with the termination of a certain employees’employee’s employment with Boston Properties, Inc. Under the terms of the applicable restricted stock award agreements, such shares were repurchased by Boston Properties, Inc. at a price of $0.01 per share, which was the amount originally paid by such employeesemployee for such shares.
Boston Properties Limited Partnership

(a)Each time Boston Properties, Inc. issues shares of stock (other than in exchange for common units of limited partnership of Boston Properties Limited Partnership when such common units are presented for redemption), it contributes the proceeds of suchthe issuance to Boston Properties Limited Partnership in return for an equivalent number of partnership units with rights and preferences analogous to the shares issued. During the three months ended June 30, 2017,2018, in connection with issuances of common stock by Boston Properties, Inc. pursuant to the settlement of deferred stock awards and issuances to non-employee directors of Boston Properties, Inc. of restricted common stock under the 2012 Plan, Boston Properties, Limited PartnershipInc. 2012 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, we issued an aggregate of approximately 1,57538,930 common units to Boston Properties, Inc. in exchange for approximately $20.94, the aggregate proceeds of such common stock issuances to Boston Properties, Inc. Such units were issued in reliance on an exemption from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

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Properties, Inc. in exchange for approximately $15.75, the aggregate proceeds of such common stock issuances to Boston Properties, Inc. Such units were issued in reliance on an exemption from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(b)Not Applicable.
(c)Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

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Period
(a)
Total Number of Units
Purchased
 
(b)
Average Price Paid per Unit
(c)
Total Number of Units Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
(d)
Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Units that May Yet be Purchased
April 1, 2017 - April 30, 2017326
(1)$0.25
N/AN/A
May 1, 2017 - May 31, 2017
 
N/AN/A
June 1, 2017 - June 30, 20172,318
(2)0.11
N/AN/A
Total2,644
 $0.13
N/AN/A

____________________
Period
(a)
Total Number of Units
Purchased
 
(b)
Average Price Paid per Unit
(c)
Total Number of Units Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
(d)
Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Units that May Yet be Purchased
April 1, 2018 - April 30, 2018
 
N/AN/A
May 1, 2018 - May 31, 201839
(1)
$0.25
N/AN/A
June 1, 2018 - June 30, 20187,268
(2)
$0.24
N/AN/A
Total7,307
 
$0.24
N/AN/A
___________
(1)Represents LTIP units that were repurchased in connection with the termination of a certain employee’s employment with Boston Properties, Inc. Under the terms of the applicable LTIP unit vesting agreements, theseagreement, such units were repurchased by Boston Properties Limited Partnership at a price of $0.25 per unit, which was the amount originally paid by such employee for such units.unit.
(2)Includes 86 2013 MYLTIP2,838 LTIP units, 17 2014 MYLTIP units, 60047 2015 MYLTIP units, 1,781 2016 MYLTIP units, 1,129 2017 MYLTIP units and 259 LTIP1,293 2018 MYLTIP units that were repurchased in connection with the termination of a certain employee’semployees’ employment with Boston Properties, Inc. Under the terms of the applicable LTIP unit vesting agreements and applicable MYLTIP award agreements, such units were repurchased by Boston Properties Limited Partnership at a price of $0.25 per unit, which was the amount originally paid by such employeeemployees for such units. Also includes 1,356180 common units of limited partnership interest of Boston Properties Limited Partnership previously held by Boston Properties, Inc. that were redeemed in connection with the repurchase of shares of restricted common stock of Boston Properties, Inc. in connection with the termination of a certain employees’employee’s employment with Boston Properties, Inc. Under the terms of the applicable restricted stock award agreements,agreement, such shares were repurchased by Boston Properties, Inc. at a price of $0.01 per share, which was the amount originally paid by such employeesemployee for such shares.


ITEM 3—Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.
ITEM 4—Mine Safety Disclosures.
None.
ITEM 5—Other Information.
(a)None.
(b)None.

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ITEM 6—Exhibits.
(a)Exhibits
 
10.1
   
12.1
   
12.2
   
31.1
   
31.2
   
31.3
   
31.4
   
32.1
   
32.2
   
32.3
   
32.4
   
101
The following materials from Boston Properties, Inc.’s and Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 20172018 formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Partners’ Capital (vi) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vii) related notes to these financial statements.


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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



 BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
   
August 8, 20177, 2018 
/s/    MICHAEL R. WALSH        
  Michael R. Walsh
  
Chief Accounting Officer
(duly authorized officer and principal accounting officer)


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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



 BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
 By: Boston Properties, Inc., its General Partner
   
August 8, 20177, 2018  
/s/    MICHAEL R. WALSH        
   Michael R. Walsh
   
Chief Accounting Officer
(duly authorized officer and principal accounting officer)


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