UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
ýQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 20192020
or
¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from             to             
Commission File Number: 1-13087 (Boston Properties, Inc.)
Commission File Number: 0-50209 (Boston Properties Limited Partnership)
 
BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
(Exact name of Registrants as specified in its charter)
 
Boston Properties, Inc.Delaware04-2473675
 (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
   
Boston Properties Limited PartnershipDelaware04-3372948
 (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
Prudential Center, 800 Boylston Street, Suite 1900, Boston, Massachusetts02199-8103
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(617) (617) 236-3300
(Registrants’ telephone number, including area code)
 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  
Boston Properties, Inc.:    Yes  x   No  ¨         Boston Properties Limited Partnership:    Yes  x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    
Boston Properties, Inc.:    Yes  x    No  ¨         Boston Properties Limited Partnership:    Yes  x    No  ¨



Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Boston Properties, Inc.:    
Large accelerated filer  x         Accelerated filer  ¨         Non-accelerated filer  ¨         Smaller reporting company  ¨         Emerging growth company¨

Boston Properties Limited Partnership:
Large accelerated filer  ¨         Accelerated filer  ¨         Non-accelerated filer  x           Smaller reporting company  ¨           Emerging growth company¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Boston Properties, Inc. ¨                 Boston Properties Limited Partnership ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    
Boston Properties, Inc.:    Yes  ¨    No  x        Boston Properties Limited Partnership:    Yes  ¨    No  x
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
RegistrantTitle of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Boston Properties, Inc.Common Stock, par value $0.01 per shareBXPNew York Stock Exchange
Boston Properties, Inc.Depository Shares Each Representing 1/100th of a shareBXP PRBNew York Stock Exchange
of 5.25% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per shareBXP PRBNew York Stock Exchange



Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  
Boston Properties, Inc.:    Yesx   No           Boston Properties Limited Partnership:    Yesx    No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    
Boston Properties, Inc.:    Yesx    No           Boston Properties Limited Partnership:    Yesx    No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Boston Properties, Inc.:    
Large accelerated filerx         Accelerated filer           Non-accelerated filer           Smaller reporting company           Emerging growth company

Boston Properties Limited Partnership:
Large accelerated filer           Accelerated filer  Non-accelerated filerx           Smaller reporting company             Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Boston Properties, Inc.                  Boston Properties Limited Partnership 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    
Boston Properties, Inc.:    Yes      No  x        Boston Properties Limited Partnership:    Yes      No  x
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Boston Properties, Inc.Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share154,519,867155,369,141
(Registrant)(Class)(Outstanding on May 2, 2019)5, 2020)
 






EXPLANATORY NOTE
This report combines the quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 20192020 of Boston Properties, Inc. and Boston Properties Limited Partnership. Unless stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, references to “BXP” mean Boston Properties, Inc., a Delaware corporation and real estate investment trust (“REIT”), and references to “BPLP” and the “Operating Partnership” mean Boston Properties Limited Partnership, a Delaware limited partnership. BPLP is the entity through which BXP conducts substantially all of its business and owns, either directly or through subsidiaries, substantially all of its assets. BXP is the sole general partner and also a limited partner of BPLP. As the sole general partner of BPLP, BXP has exclusive control of BPLP’s day-to-day management. Therefore, unless stated otherwise or the context requires, references to the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” mean collectively BXP, BPLP and those entities/subsidiaries consolidated by BXP.
As of March 31, 2019,2020, BXP owned an approximate 89.5%89.7% ownership interest in BPLP. The remaining approximate 10.5%10.3% interest was owned by limited partners. The other limited partners of BPLP are (1) persons who contributed their direct or indirect interests in properties to BPLP in exchange for common units or preferred units of limited partnership interest in BPLP and/or (2) recipients of long termlong-term incentive plan units of BPLP pursuant to BXP’s Stock Option and Incentive Plans. Under the limited partnership agreement of BPLP, unitholders may present their common units of BPLP for redemption at any time (subject to restrictions agreed upon at the time of issuance of the units that may restrict such right for a period of time, generally one year from issuance). Upon presentation of a common unit for redemption, BPLP must redeem the unit for cash equal to the then value of a share of BXP’s common stock. In lieu of a cash redemption by BPLP, however, BXP may elect to acquire any common units so tendered by issuing shares of BXP common stock in exchange for the common units. If BXP so elects, its common stock will be exchanged for common units on a one-for-one basis. This one-for-one exchange ratio is subject to specified adjustments to prevent dilution. BXP generally expects that it will elect to issue its common stock in connection with each such presentation for redemption rather than having BPLP pay cash. With each such exchange or redemption, BXP’s percentage ownership in BPLP will increase. In addition, whenever BXP issues shares of its common stock other than to acquire common units of BPLP, BXP must contribute any net proceeds it receives to BPLP and BPLP must issue to BXP an equivalent number of common units of BPLP. This structure is commonly referred to as an umbrella partnership REIT, or UPREIT.
The Company believes that combining the quarterly reports on Form 10-Q of BXP and BPLP into this single report provides the following benefits:
enhances investors’ understanding of BXP and BPLP by enabling investors to view the business as a whole in the same manner as management views and operates the business;
eliminates duplicative disclosure and provides a more concise and readable presentation because a substantial portion of the disclosure applies to both BXP and BPLP; and
creates time and cost efficiencies through the preparation of one combined report instead of two separate reports.
The Company believes it is important to understand the few differences between BXP and BPLP in the context of how BXP and BPLP operate as a consolidated company. The financial results of BPLP are consolidated into the financial statements of BXP. BXP does not have any other significant assets, liabilities or operations, other than its investment in BPLP, nor does it have employees of its own. BPLP, not BXP, generally executes all significant business relationships other than transactions involving the securities of BXP. BPLP holds substantially all of the assets of BXP, including ownership interests in joint ventures. BPLP conducts the operations of the business and is structured as a partnership with no publicly traded equity. Except for the net proceeds from equity offerings by BXP, which are contributed to the capital of BPLP in exchange for common or preferred units of partnership in BPLP, as applicable, BPLP generates all remaining capital required by the Company’s business. These sources include working capital, net cash provided by operating activities, borrowings under its credit facilities, the issuance of secured and unsecured debt and equity securities and proceeds received from the disposition of certain properties and interests in joint ventures.
Shareholders’ equity, partners’ capital and noncontrolling interests are the main areas of difference between the consolidated financial statements of BXP and BPLP. The limited partners of BPLP are accounted for as partners’ capital in BPLP’s financial statements and as noncontrolling interests in BXP’s financial statements. The noncontrolling interests in BPLP’s financial statements include the interests of unaffiliated partners in various consolidated partnerships. The noncontrolling interests in BXP’s financial statements include the same





noncontrolling interests at BPLP’s level and limited partners of BPLP. The differences between shareholders’ equity and partners’ capital result from differences in the equity issued at BXP and BPLP levels.
In addition, the consolidated financial statements of BXP and BPLP differ in total real estate assets resulting from previously applied acquisition accounting by BXP for the issuance of common stock in connection with non-sponsor redemptions of common units of BPLP. This accounting resulted in a step-up of the real estate assets at BXP. This resulted in a difference between the net real estate of BXP as compared to BPLP of approximately $297.4$280.0 million, or 1.8%1.6% at March 31, 20192020, and a corresponding difference in depreciation expense, impairmentsimpairment losses and gains on sales of real estate upon the sale of certain properties having an allocation of the real estate step-up. The acquisition accounting was nullified on a prospective basis beginning in 2009 as a result of the Company’s adoption of a new accounting standard requiring any future redemptions to be accounted for solely as an equity transaction.
To help investors better understand the key differences between BXP and BPLP, certain information for BXP and BPLP in this report has been separated, as set forth below:
Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited), which includes the following specific disclosures for BXP and BPLP:
Note 3.3. Real Estate;
Note 8.8. Stockholders’ Equity / Partners’ Capital;
Note 9.9. Earnings Per Share / Common Unit; and
Note 11.11. Segment Information
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations includes information specific to each entity, where applicable; and
Item 2. Liquidity and Capital Resources includes separate reconciliations of amounts to each entity’s financial statements, where applicable.
This report also includes separate Part I - Item 4. Controls and Procedures and Part II - Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds sections for each of BXP and BPLP, as well as separate Exhibits 31 and 32 certifications for each of BXP and BPLP.









BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC. AND BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
FORM 10-Q
for the quarter ended March 31, 20192020
TABLE OF CONTENTS
   
  Page
 
ITEM 1.
   
Boston Properties, Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 
   
Boston Properties Limited Partnership 
 
 
 
 
 
   
Boston Properties, Inc. and Boston Properties Limited Partnership 
 
 


 
ITEM 2.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 4.
  
 
ITEM 1.
ITEM 1A.
ITEM 2.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 4.
ITEM 5.
ITEM 6.
  




Table of ContentContents


PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1—Financial Statements.



BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
  March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
  (in thousands, except for share and par value amounts)
ASSETS    
Real estate, at cost (amounts related to variable interest entities (“VIEs”) of $7,511,727 and $7,481,015 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) $21,741,265
 $21,649,896
Right of use assets - finance leases (amount related to VIEs of $21,000 at March 31, 2019) 187,292
 
Right of use assets - operating leases 151,166
 
Less: accumulated depreciation (amounts related to VIEs of $(999,691) and $(965,500) at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) (4,962,959) (4,897,777)
Total real estate 17,116,764
 16,752,119
Cash and cash equivalents (amounts related to VIEs of $254,299 and $296,806 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) 360,091
 543,359
Cash held in escrows 72,207
 95,832
Investments in securities 32,052
 28,198
Tenant and other receivables (amounts related to VIEs of $15,782 and $15,519 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) 92,462
 86,629
Note receivable 19,593
 19,468
Related party note receivable 80,000
 80,000
Accrued rental income (amounts related to VIEs of $280,952 and $272,466 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) 954,063
 934,896
Deferred charges, net (amounts related to VIEs of $254,172 and $263,402 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) 666,320
 678,724
Prepaid expenses and other assets (amounts related to VIEs of $56,027 and $26,513 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) 131,472
 80,943
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures 976,580
 956,309
Total assets $20,501,604
 $20,256,477
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY    
Liabilities:    
Mortgage notes payable, net (amounts related to VIEs of $2,926,760 and $2,929,326 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) $2,959,908
 $2,964,572
Unsecured senior notes, net 7,547,043
 7,544,697
Unsecured line of credit 
 
Unsecured term loan, net 498,607
 498,488
Lease liabilities - finance leases (amount related to VIEs of $20,067 at March 31, 2019) 173,123
 
Lease liabilities - operating leases 199,653
 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (amounts related to VIEs of $79,984 and $75,786 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) 328,885
 276,645
Dividends and distributions payable 165,352
 165,114
Accrued interest payable 89,171
 89,267
Other liabilities (amounts related to VIEs of $182,729 and $200,344 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) 369,575
 503,726
Total liabilities 12,331,317
 12,042,509
Commitments and contingencies 
 
Equity:    
Stockholders’ equity attributable to Boston Properties, Inc.:    
Table of Content
BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited and in thousands, except for share and par value amounts)

  March 31,
2020
 December 31,
2019
ASSETS    
Real estate, at cost (amounts related to variable interest entities (“VIEs”) of $6,564,762 and $6,497,031 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) $22,342,209
 $22,502,976
Right of use assets - finance leases (amounts related to VIEs of $21,000 and $21,000 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 237,394
 237,394
Right of use assets - operating leases 148,057
 148,640
Less: accumulated depreciation (amounts related to VIEs of $(1,082,486) and$(1,058,495) at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) (5,209,487) (5,266,798)
Total real estate 17,518,173
 17,622,212
Cash and cash equivalents (amounts related to VIEs of $268,415 and $280,033 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 660,733
 644,950
Cash held in escrows 197,845
 46,936
Investments in securities 28,101
 36,747
Tenant and other receivables, net (amounts related to VIEs of $19,954 and $28,918 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 89,431
 112,807
Related party note receivable, net 78,800
 80,000
Note receivable, net 15,794
 15,920
Accrued rental income, net (amounts related to VIEs of $308,482 and $298,318 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 1,059,677
 1,038,788
Deferred charges, net (amounts related to VIEs of $205,688 and $214,769 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 667,076
 689,213
Prepaid expenses and other assets (amounts related to VIEs of $52,641 and $20,931 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 136,730
 41,685
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures 1,377,338
 955,647
Total assets $21,829,698
 $21,284,905
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY    
Liabilities:    
Mortgage notes payable, net (amounts related to VIEs of $2,916,068 and $2,918,806 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) $2,919,157
 $2,922,408
Unsecured senior notes, net 8,393,009
 8,390,459
Unsecured line of credit 250,000
 
Unsecured term loan, net 499,058
 498,939
Lease liabilities - finance leases (amounts related to VIEs of $20,198 and $20,189 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 227,067
 224,042
Lease liabilities - operating leases 200,573
 200,180
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (amounts related to VIEs of $28,437 and $45,777 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 293,831
 377,553
Dividends and distributions payable 171,026
 170,713
Accrued interest payable 82,388
 90,016
Other liabilities (amounts related to VIEs of $142,381 and $140,110 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 366,852
 387,994
Total liabilities 13,402,961
 13,262,304
Commitments and contingencies 
 
     
Redeemable deferred stock units— 63,475 and 60,676 units outstanding at redemption value at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively 5,854
 8,365

BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited and in thousands, except for share and par value amounts)

  March 31,
2020
 December 31,
2019
Equity:    
Stockholders’ equity attributable to Boston Properties, Inc.:    
Excess stock, $0.01 par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized, none issued or outstanding 
 
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized;    
5.25% Series B cumulative redeemable preferred stock, $0.01 par value, liquidation preference $2,500 per share, 92,000 shares authorized, 80,000 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 200,000
 200,000
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized, 155,393,455 and 154,869,198 issued and 155,314,555 and 154,790,298 outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively 1,553
 1,548
Additional paid-in capital 6,321,475
 6,294,719
Dividends in excess of earnings (416,740) (760,523)
Treasury common stock at cost, 78,900 shares at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (2,722) (2,722)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (55,700) (48,335)
Total stockholders’ equity attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. 6,047,866
 5,684,687
Noncontrolling interests:    
Common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership 636,572
 600,860
Property partnerships 1,736,445
 1,728,689
Total equity 8,420,883
 8,014,236
Total liabilities and equity $21,829,698
 $21,284,905
BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
  March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
  (in thousands, except for share and par value amounts)
Excess stock, $0.01 par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized, none issued or outstanding 
 
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized;    
5.25% Series B cumulative redeemable preferred stock, $0.01 par value, liquidation preference $2,500 per share, 92,000 shares authorized, 80,000 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 200,000
 200,000
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized, 154,594,386 and 154,537,378 issued and 154,515,486 and 154,458,478 outstanding at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively 1,545
 1,545
Additional paid-in capital 6,414,612
 6,407,623
Dividends in excess of earnings (728,083) (675,534)
Treasury common stock at cost, 78,900 shares at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (2,722) (2,722)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (48,734) (47,741)
Total stockholders’ equity attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. 5,836,618
 5,883,171
Noncontrolling interests:    
Common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership 623,061
 619,352
Property partnerships 1,710,608
 1,711,445
Total equity 8,170,287
 8,213,968
Total liabilities and equity $20,501,604
 $20,256,477









































The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Table of Content

BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
 Three months ended March 31,
 2019 2018
 (in thousands, except for per share amounts)
Revenue   
Lease$679,251
 $
Base rent
 519,507
Recoveries from tenants
 95,118
Parking and other24,906
 26,134
Hotel revenue8,938
 9,102
Development and management services9,277
 8,405
Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts3,395
 2,885
Total revenue725,767
 661,151
Expenses   
Operating   
Rental257,517
 240,329
Hotel7,863
 8,073
General and administrative41,762
 35,894
Payroll and related costs from management services contracts3,395
 2,885
Transaction costs460
 21
Depreciation and amortization164,594
 165,797
Total expenses475,591
 452,999
Other income (expense)   
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures213
 461
(Losses) gains on sales of real estate(905) 96,397
Interest and other income3,753
 1,648
Gains (losses) from investments in securities2,969
 (126)
Impairment loss(24,038) 
Interest expense(101,009) (90,220)
Net income131,159
 216,312
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests   
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships(18,830) (17,234)
Noncontrolling interest—common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership(11,599) (20,432)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc.100,730
 178,646
Preferred dividends(2,625) (2,625)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$98,105
 $176,021
Basic earnings per common share attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders:   
Net income$0.63
 $1.14
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding154,525
 154,385
Diluted earnings per common share attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders:   
Net income$0.63
 $1.14
Weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding154,844
 154,705




The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Table of Content

BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
 Three months ended March 31,
 2019 2018
 (in thousands)
Net income$131,159
 $216,312
Other comprehensive income (loss):   
Effective portion of interest rate contracts(2,628) 
Amortization of interest rate contracts (1)1,666
 1,666
Other comprehensive income (loss)(962) 1,666
Comprehensive income130,197
 217,978
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests(30,429) (37,666)
Other comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests(31) (299)
Comprehensive income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc.$99,737
 $180,013
_______________
(1) Amounts reclassified from comprehensive income primarily to interest expense within the Boston Properties, Inc.’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.































The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Table of Content

BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITYOPERATIONS
(Unaudited and in thousands)thousands, except for per share amounts)
 Common Stock Preferred Stock Additional Paid-in Capital Dividends in Excess of Earnings Treasury Stock, at cost Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Noncontrolling Interests - Common Units Noncontrolling Interests - Property Partnerships Total
 Shares Amount  
Equity, December 31, 2018154,458
 $1,545
 $200,000
 $6,407,623
 $(675,534) $(2,722) $(47,741) $619,352
 $1,711,445
 $8,213,968
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle
 
 
 
 (3,864) 
 
 (445) (70) (4,379)
Redemption of operating partnership units to common stock14
 
 
 492
 
 
 
 (492) 
 
Allocated net income for the year
 
 
 
 100,730
 
 
 11,599
 18,830
 131,159
Dividends/distributions declared
 
 
 
 (149,415) 
 
 (17,185) 
 (166,600)
Shares issued pursuant to stock purchase plan4
 
 
 373
 
 
 
 
 
 373
Net activity from stock option and incentive plan39
 
 
 3,059
 
 
 
 13,410
 
 16,469
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4,387
 4,387
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (24,128) (24,128)
Effective portion of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 (2,359) (269) 
 (2,628)
Amortization of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 1,366
 156
 144
 1,666
Reallocation of noncontrolling interest
 
 
 3,065
 
 
 
 (3,065) 
 
Equity, March 31, 2019154,515
 $1,545
 $200,000
 $6,414,612
 $(728,083) $(2,722) $(48,734) $623,061
 $1,710,608
 $8,170,287
                    
Equity, December 31, 2017154,325
 $1,543
 $200,000
 $6,377,908
 $(712,343) $(2,722) $(50,429) $604,739
 $1,683,760
 $8,102,456
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle
 
 
 
 4,933
 
 
 563
 
 5,496
Redemption of operating partnership units to common stock24
 1
 
 831
 
 
 
 (832) 
 
Allocated net income for the year
 
 
 
 178,646
 
 
 20,432
 17,234
 216,312
Dividends/distributions declared
 
 
 
 (126,115) 
 
 (14,351) 
 (140,466)
Shares issued pursuant to stock purchase plan3
 
 
 429
 
 
 
 
 
 429
Net activity from stock option and incentive plan10
 
 
 (185) 
 
 
 13,805
 
 13,620
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 15,267
 15,267
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (30,690) (30,690)
Amortization of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 1,367
 155
 144
 1,666
Reallocation of noncontrolling interest
 
 
 5,164
 
 
 
 (5,164) 
 
Equity, March 31, 2018154,362
 $1,544
 $200,000
 $6,384,147
 $(654,879) $(2,722) $(49,062) $619,347
 $1,685,715
 $8,184,090
 Three months ended March 31,
 2020 2019
Revenue   
Lease$710,111
 $679,251
Parking and other24,504
 24,906
Hotel6,825
 8,938
Development and management services7,879
 9,277
Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts3,237
 3,395
Total revenue752,556
 725,767
Expenses   
Operating   
Rental262,966
 257,517
Hotel6,821
 7,863
General and administrative36,454
 41,762
Payroll and related costs from management services contracts3,237
 3,395
Transaction costs615
 460
Depreciation and amortization171,094
 164,594
Total expenses481,187
 475,591
Other income (expense)   
Income (loss) from unconsolidated joint ventures(369) 213
Gains (losses) on sales of real estate410,165
 (905)
Interest and other income3,017
 3,753
Gains (losses) from investments in securities(5,445) 2,969
Impairment loss
 (24,038)
Interest expense(101,591) (101,009)
Net income577,146
 131,159
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests   
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships(19,486) (18,830)
Noncontrolling interest—common units of the Operating Partnership(57,539) (11,599)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc.500,121
 100,730
Preferred dividends(2,625) (2,625)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$497,496
 $98,105
Basic earnings per common share attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders:   
Net income$3.20
 $0.63
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding155,011
 154,525
Diluted earnings per common share attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders:   
Net income$3.20
 $0.63
Weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding155,258
 154,844












The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Table of Content

BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWSCOMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)(Unaudited and in thousands)
                   �� 
 For the three months ended March 31,
 2019 2018
 (in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:   
Net income$131,159
 $216,312
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:   
Depreciation and amortization164,594
 165,797
Amortization of right of use assets - operating leases605
 
Impairment loss24,038
 
Non-cash compensation expense15,050
 14,772
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures(213) (461)
Distributions of net cash flow from operations of unconsolidated joint ventures2,650
 847
(Gains) losses from investments in securities(2,969) 126
Non-cash portion of interest expense5,447
 5,299
Losses (gains) on sales of real estate905
 (96,397)
Change in assets and liabilities:   
Tenant and other receivables, net(14,000) 22,790
Note receivable(125) 
Accrued rental income, net(15,570) (26,319)
Prepaid expenses and other assets(68,554) (66,968)
Lease liabilities - operating leases370
 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses258
 (13,913)
Accrued interest payable(160) 12,399
Other liabilities(17,831) 23,089
Tenant leasing costs(18,420) (31,595)
Total adjustments76,075
 9,466
Net cash provided by operating activities207,234
 225,778
Cash flows from investing activities:   
Acquisition of real estate(43,061) 
Construction in progress(85,632) (150,060)
Building and other capital improvements(32,719) (53,550)
Tenant improvements(54,242) (47,157)
Proceeds from sales of real estate20,019
 116,120
Capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures(26,995) (48,823)
Investments in securities, net(885) (318)
Net cash used in investing activities(223,515) (183,788)
    
    
    
  Three months ended March 31,
  2020 2019
Net income $577,146
 $131,159
Other comprehensive (loss):    
Effective portion of interest rate contracts (9,720) (2,628)
Amortization of interest rate contracts (1) 1,666
 1,666
Other comprehensive (loss) (8,054) (962)
Comprehensive income 569,092
 130,197
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (77,025) (30,429)
Other comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests 689
 (31)
Comprehensive income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. $492,756
 $99,737
_______________
(1)Amounts reclassified from comprehensive income primarily to interest expense within Boston Properties, Inc.’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Table of Content




BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
 For the three months ended March 31,
 2019 2018
 (in thousands)
Cash flows from financing activities:   
Repayments of mortgage notes payable(5,645) (5,333)
Borrowings on unsecured line of credit50,000
 260,000
Repayments of unsecured line of credit(50,000) (190,000)
Payments on finance lease obligations(470) 
Payments on capital lease obligations
 (3)
Payments on real estate financing transactions
 (444)
Deferred financing costs(186) (16)
Net proceeds from equity transactions1,792
 (723)
Dividends and distributions(166,362) (140,288)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships4,387
 15,267
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships(24,128) (30,690)
Net cash used in financing activities(190,612) (92,230)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows(206,893) (50,240)
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, beginning of period639,191
 505,369
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, end of period$432,298
 $455,129
    
Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows:   
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period$543,359
 $434,767
Cash held in escrows, beginning of period95,832
 70,602
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, beginning of period$639,191
 $505,369
    
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$360,091
 $294,571
Cash held in escrows, end of period72,207
 160,558
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, end of period$432,298
 $455,129
    
Supplemental disclosures:   
Cash paid for interest$107,094
 $89,412
Interest capitalized$11,813
 $17,378
Non-cash investing and financing activities:   
Write-off of fully depreciated real estate$(31,640) $(29,609)
Additions to real estate included in accounts payable and accrued expenses$49,689
 $35,245
Real estate acquired through finance lease$122,563
 $
Dividends and distributions declared but not paid$165,352
 $139,218
Conversions of noncontrolling interests to stockholders’ equity$492
 $832
Issuance of restricted securities to employees$37,428
 $36,433


































The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Table of Content


BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
  March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
  (in thousands, except for unit amounts)
ASSETS    
Real estate, at cost (amounts related to variable interest entities (“VIEs”) of $7,511,727 and $7,481,015 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) $21,345,264
 $21,251,540
Right of use assets - finance leases (amount related to VIEs of $21,000 at March 31, 2019) 187,292
 
Right of use assets - operating leases 151,166
 
Less: accumulated depreciation (amounts related to VIEs of $(999,691) and $(965,500) at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) (4,864,334) (4,800,475)
Total real estate 16,819,388
 16,451,065
Cash and cash equivalents (amounts related to VIEs of $254,299 and $296,806 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) 360,091
 543,359
Cash held in escrows 72,207
 95,832
Investments in securities 32,052
 28,198
Tenant and other receivables (amounts related to VIEs of $15,782 and $15,519 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) 92,462
 86,629
Note receivable 19,593
 19,468
Related party note receivable 80,000
 80,000
Accrued rental income (amounts related to VIEs of $280,952 and $272,466 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) 954,063
 934,896
Deferred charges, net (amounts related to VIEs of $254,172 and $263,402 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) 666,320
 678,724
Prepaid expenses and other assets (amounts related to VIEs of $56,027 and $26,513 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) 131,472
 80,943
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures 976,580
 956,309
Total assets $20,204,228
 $19,955,423
LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL    
Liabilities:    
Mortgage notes payable, net (amounts related to VIEs of $2,926,760 and $2,929,326 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) $2,959,908
 $2,964,572
Unsecured senior notes, net 7,547,043
 7,544,697
Unsecured line of credit 
 
Unsecured term loan, net 498,607
 498,488
Lease liabilities - finance leases (amount related to VIEs of $20,067 at March 31, 2019) 173,123
 
Lease liabilities - operating leases 199,653
 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (amounts related to VIEs of $79,984 and $75,786 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) 328,885
 276,645
Distributions payable 165,352
 165,114
Accrued interest payable 89,171
 89,267
Other liabilities (amounts related to VIEs of $182,729 and $200,344 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) 369,575
 503,726
Total liabilities 12,331,317
 12,042,509
Commitments and contingencies 
 
Noncontrolling interests:    
Redeemable partnership units—16,844,947 and 16,783,558 common units and 1,187,919 and 991,577 long term incentive units outstanding at redemption value at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively 2,414,240
 2,000,591
Table of Content

BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
  March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
  (in thousands, except for unit amounts)
Capital:    
5.25% Series B cumulative redeemable preferred units, liquidation preference $2,500 per unit, 80,000 units issued and outstanding at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 193,623
 193,623
Boston Properties Limited Partnership partners’ capital—1,725,484 and 1,722,336 general partner units and 152,790,002 and 152,736,142 limited partner units outstanding at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively 3,603,174
 4,054,996
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (48,734) (47,741)
Total partners' capital 3,748,063
 4,200,878
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 1,710,608
 1,711,445
Total capital 5,458,671
 5,912,323
Total liabilities and capital $20,204,228
 $19,955,423































BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited and in thousands)

 Common Stock Preferred Stock Additional Paid-in Capital Dividends in Excess of Earnings 
Treasury Stock,
at cost
 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Noncontrolling Interests - Common Units Noncontrolling Interests - Property Partnerships Total
 Shares Amount  
Equity, December 31, 2019154,790
 $1,548
 $200,000
 $6,294,719
 $(760,523) $(2,722) $(48,335) $600,860
 $1,728,689
 $8,014,236
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle
 
 
 
 (1,505) 
 
 (174) 
 (1,679)
Redemption of operating partnership units to common stock462
 5
 
 15,490
 
 
 
 (15,495) 
 
Allocated net income for the year
 
 
 
 500,121
 
 
 57,539
 19,486
 577,146
Dividends/distributions declared
 
 
 
 (154,833) 
 
 (17,444) 
 (172,277)
Shares issued pursuant to stock purchase plan2
 
 
 325
 
 
 
 
 
 325
Net activity from stock option and incentive plan61
 
 
 7,383
 
 
 
 15,677
 
 23,060
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3,876
 3,876
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (15,750) (15,750)
Effective portion of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 (8,732) (988) 
 (9,720)
Amortization of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 1,367
 155
 144
 1,666
Reallocation of noncontrolling interest
 
 
 3,558
 
 
 
 (3,558) 
 
Equity, March 31, 2020155,315
 $1,553
 $200,000
 $6,321,475
 $(416,740) $(2,722) $(55,700) $636,572
 $1,736,445
 $8,420,883
                    
Equity, December 31, 2018154,458
 $1,545
 $200,000
 $6,407,623
 $(675,534) $(2,722) $(47,741) $619,352
 $1,711,445
 $8,213,968
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle
 
 
 
 (3,864) 
 
 (445) (70) (4,379)
Redemption of operating partnership units to common stock14
 
 
 492
 
 
 
 (492) 
 
Allocated net income for the year
 
 
 
 100,730
 
 
 11,599
 18,830
 131,159
Dividends/distributions declared
 
 
 
 (149,415) 
 
 (17,185) 
 (166,600)
Shares issued pursuant to stock purchase plan4
 
 
 373
 
 
 
 
 
 373
Net activity from stock option and incentive plan39
 
 
 3,059
 
 
 
 13,410
 
 16,469
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4,387
 4,387
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (24,128) (24,128)
Effective portion of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 (2,359) (269) 
 (2,628)
Amortization of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 1,366
 156
 144
 1,666
Reallocation of noncontrolling interest
 
 
 3,065
 
 
 
 (3,065) 
 
Equity, March 31, 2019154,515
 $1,545
 $200,000
 $6,414,612
 $(728,083) $(2,722) $(48,734) $623,061
 $1,710,608
 $8,170,287
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Table of Content

BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
 Three months ended March 31,
 2019 2018
 (in thousands, except for per unit amounts)
Revenue   
Lease$679,251
 $
Base rent
 519,507
Recoveries from tenants
 95,118
Parking and other24,906
 26,134
Hotel revenue8,938
 9,102
Development and management services9,277
 8,405
Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts3,395
 2,885
Total revenue725,767
 661,151
Expenses   
Operating   
Rental257,517
 240,329
Hotel7,863
 8,073
General and administrative41,762
 35,894
Payroll and related costs from management services contracts3,395
 2,885
Transaction costs460
 21
Depreciation and amortization162,682
 163,853
Total expenses473,679
 451,055
Other income (expense)   
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures213
 461
(Losses) gains on sales of real estate(905) 98,907
Interest and other income3,753
 1,648
Gains (losses) from investments in securities2,969
 (126)
Impairment loss(22,272) 
Interest expense(101,009) (90,220)
Net income134,837
 220,766
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests   
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships(18,830) (17,234)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership116,007
 203,532
Preferred distributions(2,625) (2,625)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$113,382
 $200,907
Basic earnings per common unit attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders:   
Net income$0.66
 $1.17
Weighted average number of common units outstanding172,131
 171,867
Diluted earnings per common unit attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders:   
Net income$0.66
 $1.17
Weighted average number of common and common equivalent units outstanding172,450
 172,187
BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited and in thousands)

 For the three months ended March 31,
 2020 2019
Cash flows from operating activities:   
Net income$577,146
 $131,159
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:   
Depreciation and amortization171,094
 164,594
Amortization of right of use assets - operating leases583
 605
Impairment loss
 24,038
Non-cash compensation expense17,525
 15,050
Loss (income) from unconsolidated joint ventures369
 (213)
Distributions of net cash flow from operations of unconsolidated joint ventures5,917
 2,650
Losses (gains) from investments in securities5,445
 (2,969)
Non-cash portion of interest expense5,646
 5,447
(Gains) losses on sales of real estate(410,165) 905
Change in assets and liabilities:   
Tenant and other receivables, net17,784
 (14,000)
Note receivable, net(128) (125)
Accrued rental income, net(27,285) (15,570)
Prepaid expenses and other assets(93,819) (68,554)
Lease liabilities - operating leases393
 370
Accounts payable and accrued expenses(48,591) 258
Accrued interest payable(7,644) (160)
Other liabilities(21,296) (17,831)
Tenant leasing costs(17,777) (18,420)
Total adjustments(401,949) 76,075
Net cash provided by operating activities175,197
 207,234
Cash flows from investing activities:   
Acquisition of real estate
 (43,061)
Construction in progress(143,160) (85,632)
Building and other capital improvements(39,154) (32,719)
Tenant improvements(64,172) (54,242)
Proceeds from sales of real estate259,489
 20,019
Capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures(89,997) (26,995)
Investments in securities, net3,201
 (885)
Net cash used in investing activities(73,793) (223,515)
    



BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited and in thousands)

 For the three months ended March 31,
 2020 2019
Cash flows from financing activities:   
Repayments of mortgage notes payable(4,212) (5,645)
Borrowings on unsecured line of credit265,000
 50,000
Repayments of unsecured line of credit(15,000) (50,000)
Payments on finance lease obligations
 (470)
Deferred financing costs(11) (186)
Net proceeds from equity transactions3,349
 1,792
Dividends and distributions(171,964) (166,362)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships3,876
 4,387
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships(15,750) (24,128)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities65,288
 (190,612)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows166,692
 (206,893)
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, beginning of year691,886
 639,191
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, end of year$858,578
 $432,298
    
Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows:   
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period$644,950
 $543,359
Cash held in escrows, beginning of period46,936
 95,832
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, beginning of period$691,886
 $639,191
    
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$660,733
 $360,091
Cash held in escrows, end of period197,845
 72,207
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, end of period$858,578
 $432,298
    
Supplemental disclosures:   
Cash paid for interest$114,696
 $107,094
Interest capitalized$14,149
 $11,813
    
Non-cash investing and financing activities:   
Write-off of fully depreciated real estate$(38,782) $(31,640)
Change in real estate included in accounts payable and accrued expenses$(27,415) $49,689
Real estate acquired through finance lease$
 $122,563
Accrued rental income, net deconsolidated$(4,558) $
Tenant leasing costs, net deconsolidated$(3,462) $
Building and other capital improvements, net deconsolidated$(111,889) $
Tenant improvements, net deconsolidated$(12,331) $
Investment in unconsolidated joint venture recorded upon deconsolidation$347,898
 $
Dividends and distributions declared but not paid$171,026
 $165,352
Conversions of noncontrolling interests to stockholders’ equity$15,495
 $492
Issuance of restricted securities to employees$43,104
 $37,428

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Table of Content

BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
 Three months ended March 31,
 2019 2018
 (in thousands)
Net income$134,837
 $220,766
Other comprehensive income (loss):   
Effective portion of interest rate contracts(2,628) 
Amortization of interest rate contracts (1)1,666
 1,666
Other comprehensive income (loss)(962) 1,666
Comprehensive income133,875
 222,432
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests(18,974) (17,378)
Comprehensive income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership$114,901
 $205,054
_______________
(1) Amounts reclassified from comprehensive income primarily to interest expense within the Boston Properties Limited Partnership's Consolidated Statements of Operations.
BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited and in thousands, except for unit amounts)

  March 31,
2020
 December 31,
2019
ASSETS    
Real estate, at cost (amounts related to variable interest entities (“VIEs”) of $6,564,762 and $6,497,031 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) $21,959,932
 $22,107,755
Right of use assets - finance leases (amounts related to VIEs of $21,000 and $21,000 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 237,394
 237,394
Right of use assets - operating leases 148,057
 148,640
Less: accumulated depreciation (amounts related to VIEs of $(1,082,486) and$(1,058,495) at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) (5,107,243) (5,162,908)
Total real estate 17,238,140
 17,330,881
Cash and cash equivalents (amounts related to VIEs of $268,415 and $280,033 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 660,733
 644,950
Cash held in escrows 197,845
 46,936
Investments in securities 28,101
 36,747
Tenant and other receivables, net (amounts related to VIEs of $19,954 and $28,918 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 89,431
 112,807
Related party note receivable, net 78,800
 80,000
Note receivable, net 15,794
 15,920
Accrued rental income, net (amounts related to VIEs of $308,482 and $298,318 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 1,059,677
 1,038,788
Deferred charges, net (amounts related to VIEs of $205,688 and $214,769 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 667,076
 689,213
Prepaid expenses and other assets (amounts related to VIEs of $52,641 and $20,931 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 136,730
 41,685
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures 1,377,338
 955,647
Total assets $21,549,665
 $20,993,574
LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL    
Liabilities:    
Mortgage notes payable, net (amounts related to VIEs of $2,916,068 and $2,918,806 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) $2,919,157
 $2,922,408
Unsecured senior notes, net 8,393,009
 8,390,459
Unsecured line of credit 250,000
 
Unsecured term loan, net 499,058
 498,939
Lease liabilities - finance leases (amounts related to VIEs of $20,198 and $20,189 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 227,067
 224,042
Lease liabilities - operating leases 200,573
 200,180
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (amounts related to VIEs of $28,437 and $45,777 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 293,831
 377,553
Dividends and distributions payable 171,026
 170,713
Accrued interest payable 82,388
 90,016
Other liabilities (amounts related to VIEs of $142,381 and $140,110 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) 366,852
 387,994
Total liabilities 13,402,961
 13,262,304
     
Commitments and contingencies 
 
     
Redeemable deferred stock units— 63,475 and 60,676 units outstanding at redemption value at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively 5,854
 8,365



BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited and in thousands, except for unit amounts)

  March 31,
2020
 December 31,
2019
Noncontrolling interests:    
Redeemable partnership units— 16,421,888 and 16,764,466 common units and 1,343,299 and 1,143,215 long term incentive units outstanding at redemption value at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively 1,639,855
 2,468,753
Capital:    
5.25% Series B cumulative redeemable preferred units, liquidation preference $2,500 per unit, 80,000 units issued and outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 193,623
 193,623
Boston Properties Limited Partnership partners’ capital— 1,730,797 and 1,726,980 general partner units and 153,583,758 and 153,063,318 limited partner units outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively 4,626,627
 3,380,175
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (55,700) (48,335)
Total partners’ capital 4,764,550
 3,525,463
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 1,736,445
 1,728,689
Total capital 6,500,995
 5,254,152
Total liabilities and capital $21,549,665
 $20,993,574



























































The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Table of Content

BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CAPITAL AND NONCONTROLLING INTERESTSOPERATIONS
(Unaudited and in thousands)thousands, except for per unit amounts)
 Units Capital  
 General Partner Limited Partner Partners' Capital (General and Limited Partners) Preferred units 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Loss
 
Noncontrolling
Interests - Property Partnerships
 Total Capital Noncontrolling interests - Redeemable Partnership Units
    
Equity, December 31, 20181,722
 152,736
 $4,054,996
 $193,623
 $(47,741) $1,711,445
 $5,912,323
 $2,000,591
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle
 
 (3,864) 
 
 (70) (3,934) (445)
Contributions2
 41
 4,820
 
 
 
 4,820
 34,400
Allocated net income for the year
 
 101,783
 2,625
 
 18,830
 123,238
 11,599
Distributions
 
 (146,790) (2,625) 
 
 (149,415) (17,185)
Unearned compensation
 
 (1,388) 
 
 
 (1,388) (20,990)
Conversion of redeemable partnership units1
 13
 492
 
 
 
 492
 (492)
Adjustment to reflect redeemable partnership units at redemption value
 
 (406,875) 
 
 
 (406,875) 406,875
Effective portion of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 (2,359) 
 (2,359) (269)
Amortization of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 1,366
 144
 1,510
 156
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 4,387
 4,387
 
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 (24,128) (24,128) 
Equity, March 31, 20191,725
 152,790
 $3,603,174
 $193,623
 $(48,734) $1,710,608
 $5,458,671
 $2,414,240
                
Equity, December 31, 20171,720
 152,606
 $3,664,436
 $193,623
 $(50,429) $1,683,760
 $5,491,390
 $2,292,263
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle
 
 4,933
 
 
 
 4,933
 563
Contributions1
 11
 1,452
 
 
 
 1,452
 34,258
Allocated net income for the year
 
 180,475
 2,625
 
 17,234
 200,334
 20,432
Distributions
 
 (123,490) (2,625) 
 
 (126,115) (14,351)
Unearned compensation
 
 (1,208) 
 
 
 (1,208) (20,453)
Conversion of redeemable partnership units1
 23
 832
 
 
 
 832
 (832)
Adjustment to reflect redeemable partnership units at redemption value
 
 115,432
 
 
 
 115,432
 (115,432)
Effective portion of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 1,367
 144
 1,511
 155
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 15,267
 15,267
 
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 (30,690) (30,690) 
Equity, March 31, 20181,722
 152,640
 $3,842,862
 $193,623
 $(49,062) $1,685,715
 $5,673,138
 $2,196,603
 Three months ended March 31,
 2020 2019
Revenue   
Lease$710,111
 $679,251
Parking and other24,504
 24,906
Hotel6,825
 8,938
Development and management services7,879
 9,277
Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts3,237
 3,395
Total revenue752,556
 725,767
Expenses   
Operating   
Rental262,966
 257,517
Hotel6,821
 7,863
General and administrative36,454
 41,762
Payroll and related costs from management services contracts3,237
 3,395
Transaction costs615
 460
Depreciation and amortization169,285
 162,682
Total expenses479,378
 473,679
Other income (expense)   
Income (loss) from unconsolidated joint ventures(369) 213
Gains (losses) on sales of real estate419,654
 (905)
Interest and other income3,017
 3,753
Gains (losses) from investments in securities(5,445) 2,969
Impairment loss
 (22,272)
Interest expense(101,591) (101,009)
Net income588,444
 134,837
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests   
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships(19,486) (18,830)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership568,958
 116,007
Preferred distributions(2,625) (2,625)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$566,333
 $113,382
Basic earnings per common unit attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership   
Net income$3.28
 $0.66
Weighted average number of common units outstanding172,549
 172,131
Diluted earnings per common unit attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership   
Net income$3.27
 $0.66
Weighted average number of common and common equivalent units outstanding172,796
 172,450








The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Table of Content


BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited and in thousands)
BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited) 
 For the three months ended March 31,
 2019 2018
 (in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:   
Net income$134,837
 $220,766
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:   
Depreciation and amortization162,682
 163,853
Amortization of right of use assets - operating leases605
 
Impairment loss22,272
 
Non-cash compensation expense15,050
 14,772
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures(213) (461)
Distributions of net cash flow from operations of unconsolidated joint ventures2,650
 847
(Gains) losses from investments in securities(2,969) 126
Non-cash portion of interest expense5,447
 5,299
Losses (gains) on sales of real estate905
 (98,907)
Change in assets and liabilities:   
Tenant and other receivables, net(14,000) 22,790
Note receivable(125) 
Accrued rental income, net(15,570) (26,319)
Prepaid expenses and other assets(68,554) (66,968)
Lease liabilities - operating leases370
 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses258
 (13,913)
Accrued interest payable(160) 12,399
Other liabilities(17,831) 23,089
Tenant leasing costs(18,420) (31,595)
Total adjustments72,397
 5,012
Net cash provided by operating activities207,234
 225,778
Cash flows from investing activities:   
Acquisition of real estate(43,061) 
Construction in progress(85,632) (150,060)
Building and other capital improvements(32,719) (53,550)
Tenant improvements(54,242) (47,157)
Proceeds from sales of real estate20,019
 116,120
Capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures(26,995) (48,823)
Investments in securities, net(885) (318)
Net cash used in investing activities(223,515) (183,788)
    
    
  Three months ended March 31,
  2020 2019
Net income $588,444
 $134,837
Other comprehensive (loss):    
Effective portion of interest rate contracts (9,720) (2,628)
Amortization of interest rate contracts (1) 1,666
 1,666
Other comprehensive (loss) (8,054) (962)
Comprehensive income 580,390
 133,875
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests (19,630) (18,974)
Comprehensive income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership $560,760
 $114,901
_______________
(1)Amounts reclassified from comprehensive income primarily to interest expense within Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Table of Content




BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited) 
 For the three months ended March 31,
 2019 2018
 (in thousands)
Cash flows from financing activities:   
Repayments of mortgage notes payable(5,645) (5,333)
Borrowings on unsecured line of credit50,000
 260,000
Repayments of unsecured line of credit(50,000) (190,000)
Payments on finance lease obligations(470) 
Payments on capital lease obligations
 (3)
Payments on real estate financing transaction
 (444)
Deferred financing costs(186) (16)
Net proceeds from equity transactions1,792
 (723)
Distributions(166,362) (140,288)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships4,387
 15,267
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships(24,128) (30,690)
Net cash used in financing activities(190,612) (92,230)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows(206,893) (50,240)
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, beginning of period639,191
 505,369
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, end of period$432,298
 $455,129
    
Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows:   
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period$543,359
 $434,767
Cash held in escrows, beginning of period95,832
 70,602
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, beginning of period$639,191
 $505,369
    
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$360,091
 $294,571
Cash held in escrows, end of period72,207
 160,558
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, end of period$432,298
 $455,129
    
Supplemental disclosures:   
Cash paid for interest$107,094
 $89,412
Interest capitalized$11,813
 $17,378
Non-cash investing and financing activities:   
Write-off of fully depreciated real estate$(31,640) $(29,609)
Additions to real estate included in accounts payable and accrued expenses$49,689
 $35,245
Real estate acquired through finance lease$122,563
 $
Distributions declared but not paid$165,352
 $139,218
Conversions of redeemable partnership units to partners’ capital$492
 $832
Issuance of restricted securities to employees$37,428
 $36,433













































The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Table
BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CAPITAL AND NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS
(Unaudited and in thousands)

 Units Capital  
 General Partner Limited Partner Partners’ Capital (General and Limited Partners) Preferred Units 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Loss
 
Noncontrolling
Interests - Property Partnerships
 Total Capital Noncontrolling Interests - Redeemable Partnership Units
    
Equity, December 31, 20191,727
 153,063
 $3,380,175
 $193,623
 $(48,335) $1,728,689
 $5,254,152
 $2,468,753
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle
 
 (1,505) 
 
 
 (1,505) (174)
Contributions1
 63
 6,712
 
 
 
 6,712
 39,741
Allocated net income for the period
 
 508,794
 2,625
 
 19,486
 530,905
 57,539
Distributions
 
 (152,208) (2,625) 
 
 (154,833) (17,444)
Unearned compensation
 
 996
 
 
 
 996
 (24,064)
Conversion of redeemable partnership units3
 458
 15,495
 
 
 
 15,495
 (15,495)
Adjustment to reflect redeemable partnership units at redemption value
 
 868,168
 
 
 
 868,168
 (868,168)
Effective portion of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 (8,732) 
 (8,732) (988)
Amortization of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 1,367
 144
 1,511
 155
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 3,876
 3,876
 
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 (15,750) (15,750) 
Equity, March 31, 20201,731
 153,584
 $4,626,627
 $193,623
 $(55,700) $1,736,445
 $6,500,995
 $1,639,855
                
Equity, December 31, 20181,722
 152,736
 $4,054,996
 $193,623
 $(47,741) $1,711,445
 $5,912,323
 $2,000,591
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle
 
 (3,864) 
 
 (70) (3,934) (445)
Contributions2
 41
 4,820
 
 
 
 4,820
 34,400
Allocated net income for the year
 
 101,783
 2,625
 
 18,830
 123,238
 11,599
Distributions
 
 (146,790) (2,625) 
 
 (149,415) (17,185)
Unearned compensation
 
 (1,388) 
 
 
 (1,388) (20,990)
Conversion of redeemable partnership units1
 13
 492
 
 
 
 492
 (492)
Adjustment to reflect redeemable partnership units at redemption value
 
 (406,875) 
 
 
 (406,875) 406,875
Effective portion of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 (2,359) 
 (2,359) (269)
Amortization of interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 1,366
 144
 1,510
 156
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 4,387
 4,387
 
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships
 
 
 
 
 (24,128) (24,128) 
Equity, March 31, 20191,725
 152,790
 $3,603,174
 $193,623
 $(48,734) $1,710,608
 $5,458,671
 $2,414,240


The accompanying notes are an integral part of Contentthese consolidated financial statements.

BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited and in thousands)
 For the three months ended March 31,
 2020 2019
Cash flows from operating activities:   
Net income$588,444
 $134,837
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:   
Depreciation and amortization169,285
 162,682
Amortization of right of use assets - operating leases583
 605
Impairment loss
 22,272
Non-cash compensation expense17,525
 15,050
Loss (income) from unconsolidated joint ventures369
 (213)
Distributions of net cash flow from operations of unconsolidated joint ventures5,917
 2,650
Losses (gains) from investments in securities5,445
 (2,969)
Non-cash portion of interest expense5,646
 5,447
(Gains) losses on sales of real estate(419,654) 905
Change in assets and liabilities:   
Tenant and other receivables, net17,784
 (14,000)
Note receivable, net(128) (125)
Accrued rental income, net(27,285) (15,570)
Prepaid expenses and other assets(93,819) (68,554)
Lease liabilities - operating leases393
 370
Accounts payable and accrued expenses(48,591) 258
Accrued interest payable(7,644) (160)
Other liabilities(21,296) (17,831)
Tenant leasing costs(17,777) (18,420)
Total adjustments(413,247) 72,397
Net cash provided by operating activities175,197
 207,234
Cash flows from investing activities:   
Acquisition of real estate
 (43,061)
Construction in progress(143,160) (85,632)
Building and other capital improvements(39,154) (32,719)
Tenant improvements(64,172) (54,242)
Proceeds from sales of real estate259,489
 20,019
Capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures(89,997) (26,995)
Investments in securities, net3,201
 (885)
Net cash used in investing activities(73,793) (223,515)
    

BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited and in thousands)
 For the three months ended March 31,
 2020 2019
Cash flows from financing activities:   
Repayments of mortgage notes payable(4,212) (5,645)
Borrowings on unsecured line of credit265,000
 50,000
Repayments of unsecured line of credit(15,000) (50,000)
Payments on finance lease obligations
 (470)
Deferred financing costs(11) (186)
Net proceeds from equity transactions3,349
 1,792
Distributions(171,964) (166,362)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in property partnerships3,876
 4,387
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships(15,750) (24,128)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities65,288
 (190,612)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows166,692
 (206,893)
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, beginning of year691,886
 639,191
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, end of year$858,578
 $432,298
    
Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows:   
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period$644,950
 $543,359
Cash held in escrows, beginning of period46,936
 95,832
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, beginning of period$691,886
 $639,191
    
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$660,733
 $360,091
Cash held in escrows, end of period197,845
 72,207
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows, end of period$858,578
 $432,298
    
Supplemental disclosures:   
Cash paid for interest$114,696
 $107,094
Interest capitalized$14,149
 $11,813
    
Non-cash investing and financing activities:   
Write-off of fully depreciated real estate$(38,782) $(31,640)
Change in real estate included in accounts payable and accrued expenses$(27,415) $49,689
Real estate acquired through finance lease$
 $122,563
Accrued rental income, net deconsolidated$(4,558) $
Tenant leasing costs, net deconsolidated$(3,462) $
Building and other capital improvements, net deconsolidated$(111,889) $
Tenant improvements, net deconsolidated$(12,331) $
Investment in unconsolidated joint venture recorded upon deconsolidation$347,898
 $
Distributions declared but not paid$171,026
 $165,352
Conversions of redeemable partnership units to partners’ capital$15,495
 $492
Issuance of restricted securities to employees$43,104
 $37,428

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC. AND BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Organization
Boston Properties, Inc., a Delaware corporation, is a fully integrated, self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust (“REIT”). Boston Properties, Inc. is the sole general partner of Boston Properties Limited Partnership, its operating partnership, and at March 31, 20192020 owned an approximate 89.5% (89.7%89.7% (89.6% at December 31, 2018)2019) general and limited partnership interest in Boston Properties Limited Partnership. Unless stated otherwise or the context requires, the “Company” refers to Boston Properties, Inc. and its subsidiaries, including Boston Properties Limited Partnership and its consolidated subsidiaries. Partnership interests in Boston Properties Limited Partnership include:
common units of partnership interest (also referred to as “OP Units”),
long term incentive units of partnership interest (also referred to as “LTIP Units”), and
preferred units of partnership interest (also referred to as “Preferred Units”).
Unless specifically noted otherwise, all references to OP Units exclude units held by Boston Properties, Inc. A holder of an OP Unit may present such OP Unit to Boston Properties Limited Partnership for redemption at any time (subject to restrictions agreed upon at the time of issuance of OP Units to particular holders that may restrict such redemption right for a period of time, generally one1 year from issuance). Upon presentation of an OP Unit for redemption, Boston Properties Limited Partnership is obligated to redeem the OP Unit for cash equal to the value of a share of common stock of Boston Properties, Inc. (“Common Stock”). In lieu of a cash redemption, Boston Properties, Inc. may elect to acquire the OP Unit for one1 share of Common Stock. Because the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at all times equals the number of OP Units that Boston Properties, Inc. owns, one1 share of Common Stock is generally the economic equivalent of one1 OP Unit, and the quarterly distribution that may be paid to the holder of an OP Unit equals the quarterly dividend that may be paid to the holder of a share of Common Stock.
The Company uses LTIP Units as a form of equity-based award for annual long-termlong term incentive equity compensation. The Company has also issued LTIP Units to employees in the form of (1) 2012 outperformance plan awards (“2012 OPP Units”) and (2) 2013 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019- 2020 multi-year, long-term incentive program awards (also referred to as “MYLTIP Units”), each of which, upon the satisfaction of certain performance and vesting conditions, is convertible into one OP Unit. The three-year measurement periods for the 2012 OPP Units and the 2013 - 2017 MYLTIP Units 2014 MYLTIP Units, 2015 MYLTIP Units and 2016 MYLTIP Units expired on February 6, 2015, February 4, 2016, February 3, 2017, February 4, 2018 and February 9, 2019, respectively,have ended and Boston Properties, Inc.’s total stockholder return (“TSR”) was sufficient for employees to earn and therefore become eligible to vest in a portion of the awards. Unless and until they are earned, the rights, preferences and privileges of the 2017 MYLTIP Units, 2018 MYLTIP Units and 2019- 2020 MYLTIP Units differ from other LTIP Units granted to employees (including the 2012 OPP Units and the 2013 MYLTIP Units, the 2014 MYLTIP Units, the 2015 MYLTIP Units and the 2016- 2017 MYLTIP Units, which have been earned). Therefore, unless specifically noted otherwise, all references to LTIP Units exclude the 2017 MYLTIP Units, 2018 MYLTIP Units and 2019- 2020 MYLTIP Units. LTIP Units (including the earned 2012 OPP Units and the earned 2013 MYLTIP Units, the 2014 MYLTIP Units, the 2015 MYLTIP Units and 2016- 2017 MYLTIP Units), whether vested or not, will receive the same quarterly per unit distributions as OP Units, which equal per share dividends on Common Stock (See Notes 7 8 and 10).
At March 31, 2019,2020, there was one1 series of Preferred Units outstanding (i.e., Series B Preferred Units). The Series B Preferred Units were issued to Boston Properties, Inc. on March 27, 2013 in connection with the issuance of 80,000 shares (8,000,000 depositary shares each representing 1/100th of a share) of 5.25% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series B Preferred Stock”). Boston Properties, Inc. contributed the net proceeds from the offering to Boston Properties Limited Partnership in exchange for 80,000 Series B Preferred Units having terms and preferences generally mirroring those of the Series B Preferred Stock (See Note 8).
Properties
At March 31, 2019,2020, the Company owned or had interests in a portfolio of 196 commercial real estate properties (the “Properties”) aggregating approximately 51.451.8 million net rentable square feet of primarily Class A office properties, including eleven10 properties under construction/redevelopment totaling approximately 5.35.2 million net rentable square feet. At March 31, 2019,2020, the Properties consisted of:
Table of Content


177 office properties (including nine8 properties under construction/redevelopment);
twelve12 retail properties;
six6 residential properties (including two2 properties under construction); and
one
1 hotel.
The Company considers Class A office properties to be well-located buildings that are professionally managed and maintained, attract high-quality tenants and command upper-tier rental rates, and that are modern structures or have been modernized to compete with newer buildings.
2. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Boston Properties, Inc. does not have any other significant assets, liabilities or operations, other than its investment in Boston Properties Limited Partnership, nor does it have employees of its own. Boston Properties Limited Partnership, not Boston Properties, Inc., generally executes all significant business relationships other than transactions involving securities of Boston Properties, Inc. All majority-owned subsidiaries and joint ventures over which the Company has financial and operating control and variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which the Company has determined it is the primary beneficiary are included in the consolidated financial statements. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company accounts for all other unconsolidated joint ventures using the equity method of accounting. Accordingly, the Company’s share of the earnings of these joint ventures and companies is included in consolidated net income.
The accompanying interim financial statements are unaudited; however, the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in conjunction with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, they do not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting solely of normal recurring matters) necessary for a fair statement of the financial statements for these interim periods have been included. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be obtained for other interim periods or for the full fiscal year. The year-end consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosure required by GAAP.  These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s financial statements and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report in the Company’s Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2018.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments2019.
The Company follows the authoritative guidance for fair value measurements when valuingbases its financial instruments for disclosure purposes. Boston Properties Limited Partnership determines the fair value of its unsecured senior notes using market prices. The inputs used in determining the fair value of Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s unsecured senior notes is categorized at a Level 1 basis (as defined in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 820 “Fair Value Measurementsestimates on historical experience and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”)) due to the facton various other assumptions that it uses quoted market ratesconsiders to value these instruments. However,be reasonable under the inputs used in determiningcircumstances, including the fair value could be categorized at a Level 2impact of extraordinary events such as the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic, the results of which form the basis (as defined in ASC 820) if trading volumes are low. The Company determinesfor making significant judgments about the fair valuecarrying values of its related party note receivable, note receivableassets and mortgage notes payable using discounted cash flow analysis by discounting the spread between theliabilities, assessments of future contractual interest paymentscollectability, and hypothetical future interest payments on note receivables / mortgage debt based on current market rates for similar securities. In determining the current market rates, the Company adds its estimates of market spreads to the quoted yields on federal government treasury securities with similar maturity dates to its debt. The inputs used in determining the fair valueother areas of the Company’s related party note receivable, note receivable, and mortgage notes payablefinancial statements that are categorized at a Level 3 basis (as defined in ASC 820) due toimpact by the fact that the Company considers the rates used in the valuation techniques to be unobservable inputs. To the extent that there are outstanding borrowings under the unsecured lineuse of credit or unsecured term loan, the Company utilizes a discounted cash flow methodology in order to estimate the fair value. To the extent that credit spreads have changed since the origination, the net present value of the difference between future contractual interest payments and future interest payments based on the Company’s estimate of a current market rate would represent the difference between the book value and the fair value. The Company’s estimate of a current market rate is based upon the rate, considering current market conditions and Boston Properties Limited Partnership's specific credit profile, at which it estimates it could obtain similar borrowings. To the extent there are outstanding borrowings, this current market rate is estimated and therefore would be primarily based upon a Level 3 input.
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Because the Company’s valuations of its financial instruments are based on these types of estimates, the actual fair values of its financial instrumentsestimates. Actual results may differ materially if the Company’sfrom these estimates do not prove to be accurate, and the Company’s estimated fair values for these instruments as of the end of the applicable reporting period are not necessarily indicative of estimatedunder different assumptions or actual fair values in future reporting periods. The following table presents the aggregate carrying value of the Company’s related party note receivable, note receivable, mortgage notes payable, net, unsecured senior notes, net, unsecured line of credit and unsecured term loan, net and the Company’s corresponding estimate of fair value as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (in thousands):
 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
 
Carrying
Amount
   
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Carrying
Amount
   
Estimated
Fair Value
Related party note receivable$80,000
   $80,060
 $80,000
   $80,000
Note receivable19,593
   17,723
 19,468
   19,468
 $99,593
   $97,783
 $99,468
   $99,468
            
Mortgage notes payable, net$2,959,908
    $2,948,057
 $2,964,572
    $2,903,925
Unsecured senior notes, net7,547,043
    7,584,456
 7,544,697
    7,469,338
Unsecured line of credit
   
 
   
Unsecured term loan, net498,607
   500,728
 498,488
   500,783
Total$11,005,558
    $11,033,241
 $11,007,757
    $10,874,046
conditions.
Variable Interest Entities (VIEs)
Consolidated VIEs are those for which the Company is considered to be the primary beneficiary of a VIE. The primary beneficiary is the entity that has a controlling financial interest in the VIE, which is defined by the entity having both of the following characteristics: (1) the power to direct the activities that, when taken together, most significantly impact the VIE’s performance and (2) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive the returns from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company has determined that it is the primary beneficiary for seven6 of the ten 7entities that are VIEs.
Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
As of March 31, 2019,2020, Boston Properties, Inc. has identified seven6 consolidated VIEs, including Boston Properties Limited Partnership. Excluding Boston Properties Limited Partnership, the VIEs consisted of the following six5 in-service properties: 767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building), Times Square Tower, 601 Lexington Avenue, Atlantic Wharf Office Building and 100 Federal Street and Salesforce Tower (See Note 12).Street.
The Company consolidates these VIEs because it is the primary beneficiary.  The third parties’ interests in these consolidated entities (i.e., excluding Boston Properties Limited Partnership'sPartnership’s interest) are reflected as noncontrolling interest in property partnerships in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statementsconsolidated financial statements (See Note 7). 
In addition, Boston Properties, Inc.’s only significant asset is its investment in Boston Properties Limited Partnership and, consequently, substantially all of Boston Properties, Inc.’s assets and liabilities are the assets and liabilities of Boston Properties Limited Partnership.

Variable Interest Entities Not Consolidated
The Company has determined that its 7750 Wisconsin Avenue LLC and Office Tower Developer LLC joint ventures, which own 7750 Wisconsin Avenue and 100 Causeway Street (which is the office component of The Hub on Causeway mixed-use development project), respectively, are VIEs. The Company also determined that the landlord entity for its Platform 16 ground leaseHoldings LP joint venture is a VIE. The Company does not consolidate these entitiesthis entity as the Company does not have the power to direct the activities that, when taken together, most significantly impact the VIE’s performance and, therefore, the Company is not considered to be the primary beneficiary.
TableFair Value of ContentFinancial Instruments
The Company follows the authoritative guidance for fair value measurements when valuing its financial instruments for disclosure purposes. The table below presents the financial instruments that are being valued for disclosure purposes as well as the Level they are categorized at (as defined in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”)).
Financial InstrumentLevel
Unsecured senior notes (1)Level 1
Related party note receivableLevel 3
Note receivableLevel 3
Mortgage notes payableLevel 3
Unsecured term loan / line of creditLevel 3
_______________
(1) If trading value for the period is low, the valuation could be categorized as Level 2.
Because the Company’s valuations of its financial instruments are based on the above Levels and involve the use of estimates, the actual fair values of its financial instruments may differ materially from those estimates.
The following table identifies the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs for the Company’s Level 3 fair value measured instruments.
Financial InstrumentLevelRangeWeighted Average
Related party note receivableLevel 34.49%4.49%
Note receivableLevel 33.62%3.62%
Mortgage notes payableLevel 32.82% - 3.25%2.91%
Unsecured term loan / line of creditLevel 31.84%1.84%

In addition, the Company’s estimated fair values for these instruments as of the end of the applicable reporting period are not projections of, nor necessarily indicative of, estimated or actual fair values in future reporting periods. The following table presents the aggregate carrying value of the Company’s related party note receivable, net, note receivable, net, mortgage notes payable, net, unsecured senior notes, net, unsecured line of credit and unsecured term loan, net and the Company’s corresponding estimate of fair value as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (in thousands):
 March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Estimated
Fair Value
Related party note receivable, net$78,800
 $83,707
 $80,000
 $81,931
Note receivable, net15,794
 15,593
 15,920
 14,978
Total$94,594
 $99,300
 $95,920
 $96,909
        
Mortgage notes payable, net$2,919,157
 $3,054,533
 $2,922,408
 $2,984,956
Unsecured senior notes, net8,393,009
 8,449,511
 8,390,459
 8,826,375
Unsecured line of credit250,000
 249,873
 
 
Unsecured term loan, net499,058
 500,506
 498,939
 500,561
Total$12,061,224
 $12,254,423
 $11,811,806
 $12,311,892


New Accounting Pronouncements
New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted
LeasesFinancial Instruments - Credit Losses    
OnIn June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 is intended to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date by replacing the current incurred loss impairment methodology with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses” (“ASU 2018-19”). ASU 2018-19 clarifies that receivables arising from operating leases are not within the scope of ASC 326-20, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses - Measured at Amortized Cost,” which addresses financial assets measured at amortized cost basis, including net investments in leases arising from sales-type and direct financing leases. Instead, impairment of receivables arising from operating leases should be accounted for in accordance with ASC 842 - “Leases” (“ASC 842”). ASU 2016-13 and ASU 2018-19 were effective for the Company for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. ASU 2016-13 and ASU 2018-19 are applicable to the Company with respect to (1) certain of its accounts receivable, except for amounts arising from operating leases accounted for under ASC 842, (2) its related party note receivable, (3) its note receivable and (4) certain of its off-balance sheet credit exposures. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 and ASU 2018-19 effective January 1, 2020 using the modified retrospective approach. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 and ASU 2018-19 resulted in the Company recognizing an allowance for current expected credit losses associated with (1) its related party note receivable, (2) its note receivable and (3) an off-balance sheet loan commitment arrangement. As a result, the modified retrospective approach resulted in the Company recognizing on January 1, 2020, the cumulative effect of adopting ASU 2016-13 and ASU 2018-19 aggregating approximately $1.5 million to Dividends in Excess of Earnings of Boston Properties, Inc. and Partners’ Capital of Boston Properties Limited Partnership and approximately $0.2 million to Noncontrolling Interests - Common Units of Boston Properties, Inc. and Noncontrolling Interests - Redeemable Partnership Units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership on the corresponding Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Fair Value Measurement
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement” (“ASU 2018-13”). ASU 2018-13 is intended to improve the effectiveness of disclosures required by entities regarding recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 was effective for the Company for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2018-13 on January 1, 2020 and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Derivatives and Hedging
In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-16, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes” (“ASU 2018-16”). ASU 2018-16 permits the use of the overnight index swap rate based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) to be used as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for purposes of applying hedge accounting under ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)” . ASU 2018-16 was effective for the Company, which has already adopted ASU 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815):Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities” for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and was required to be adopted on a prospective basis for qualifying new or re-designated hedging relationships entered into on or after the date of adoption. The Company adopted ASU 2018-16 on January 1, 2019 and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting” (“ASU 2020-04”). ASU 2020-04 contains practical expedients for reference rate reform related activities that impact debt, leases, derivatives and other contracts. The guidance in ASU 2020-04 is optional and may be elected over time as reference rate reform activities occur. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-02, “Leaseselected to apply the hedge accounting expedients related to probability and the assessments of effectiveness for future LIBOR-indexed cash flows to assume that the index upon which future hedged transactions will be based matches the index on the corresponding derivatives.

Application of these expedients preserves the presentation of derivatives consistent with past presentation. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of the guidance and may apply other elections as applicable as additional changes in the market occur.
Consolidation
In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-17, “Consolidation (Topic 842)”810): Targeted Improvements to Related Party Guidance for Variable Interest Entities” (“ASU 2016-02” or "Topic 842"2018-17”). For information pertainingASU 2018-17 is intended to improve the Company'saccounting when considering indirect interests held through related parties under common control for determining whether fees paid to decision makers and service providers are variable interests. ASU 2018-17 was effective for the Company for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2018-17 on January 1, 2020 and disclosures with respect to leases, see Note 4.the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.    
3. Real Estate
Boston Properties, Inc.
Real estate consisted of the following at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 20182019 (in thousands):
March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Land$5,061,532
 $5,072,568
 $5,070,208
 $5,111,606
Right of use assets - finance leases187,292
 
 237,394
 237,394
Right of use assets - operating leases151,166
 
 148,057
 148,640
Land held for future development (1)258,221
 200,498
 264,893
 254,828
Buildings and improvements13,286,605
 13,356,751
 13,517,218
 13,646,054
Tenant improvements2,444,358
 2,396,932
 2,641,448
 2,656,439
Furniture, fixtures and equipment43,080
 44,351
 44,263
 44,313
Construction in progress647,469
 578,796
 804,179
 789,736
Total22,079,723
 21,649,896
 22,727,660
 22,889,010
Less: Accumulated depreciation(4,962,959) (4,897,777) (5,209,487) (5,266,798)
$17,116,764
 $16,752,119
 $17,518,173
 $17,622,212

_______________
(1)Includes pre-development costs.
Boston Properties Limited Partnership
Real estate consisted of the following at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 20182019 (in thousands):
 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Land$4,961,028
 $4,971,475
Right of use assets - finance leases187,292
 
Right of use assets - operating leases151,166
 
Land held for future development (1)258,221
 200,498
Buildings and improvements12,991,108
 13,059,488
Tenant improvements2,444,358
 2,396,932
Furniture, fixtures and equipment43,080
 44,351
Construction in progress647,469
 578,796
Total21,683,722
 21,251,540
Less: Accumulated depreciation(4,864,334) (4,800,475)
 $16,819,388
 $16,451,065
  March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Land $4,972,992
 $5,011,153
Right of use assets - finance leases 237,394
 237,394
Right of use assets - operating leases 148,057
 148,640
Land held for future development (1) 264,893
 254,828
Buildings and improvements 13,232,157
 13,351,286
Tenant improvements 2,641,448
 2,656,439
Furniture, fixtures and equipment 44,263
 44,313
Construction in progress 804,179
 789,736
Total 22,345,383
 22,493,789
Less: Accumulated depreciation (5,107,243) (5,162,908)
  $17,238,140
 $17,330,881
_______________
(1)Includes pre-development costs.
Development
Developments
On February 14, 2019,January 28, 2020, the Company announcedexercised its option to acquire real property at 425 Fourth Street located in San Francisco, California for a purchase price totaling approximately $134.1 million. 425 Fourth Street is expected to support the development of approximately 804,000 square feet of primarily commercial office space. There can be no assurance that it had entered intothe acquisition will be consummated on the terms currently contemplated or at all.
On March 26, 2020, the Company completed and fully placed in-service 17Fifty Presidents Street located in Reston, Virginia. 17Fifty Presidents Street is a 15-year leasebuild-to-suit project with Google, LLC for approximately 362,000276,000 net rentable square feet of Class A office space in a build-to-suit development project to be located at the Company’s 325 Main Street property at Kendall Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts. 325 Main Street currently consists of an approximately 115,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property that will be demolished and developed into an approximately 400,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property, including
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approximately 38,000 net rentable square feet of retail space. There can be no assurance that the project will commence.
Ground Lease
On January 24, 2019, the ground lessor under the Company's 65-year ground lease for land totaling approximately 5.6 acres at Platform 16 located in San Jose, California, which will support approximately 1.1 million square feet of commercial office space, made available for lease to the Company the remaining land parcels. As a result, the Company recognized the remaining portion of the right of use finance lease asset and finance lease liability. The ground lease provides the Company with the right to purchase the land during a 12-month period commencing February 1, 2020 at a purchase price of approximately $134.8 million. The Company is reasonably certain that it will exercise the option to purchase the land and as a result, the Company has concluded that the lease should be accounted for as a finance lease. As a result, the Company recorded an approximately $122.6 million right of use asset - finance lease and a lease liability - finance lease on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Finance lease assets and liabilities are accounted for at the lower of fair market value or the present value of future lease payments. The finance lease is for land only. Therefore, the Company will not depreciate the right of use asset - finance lease because land is assumed to have an indefinite life.
As of January 24, 2019, the lease payments from the finance lease are as follows (in thousands):
Period from January 24, 2019 through December 31, 2019$17,918
2020109,460
Total expected minimum lease payments127,378
Interest portion(4,815)
Present value of expected net lease payments$122,563
Acquisitions
On January 10, 2019, the Company acquired land parcels at its Carnegie Center property located in Princeton, New Jersey for a gross purchase price of approximately $51.5 million, which includes an aggregate of approximately $8.6 million of additional amounts that are payable in the future to the seller upon the development or sale of each of the parcels. The land parcels could support approximately 1.7 million square feet of development.100% leased.
Dispositions
On January 24, 2019,28, 2020, the Company completed the sale ofentered into a joint venture with a third party to own, operate and develop properties at its 2600 Tower Oaks Boulevard propertyGateway Commons complex located in Rockville, MarylandSouth San Francisco, California. The Company contributed its 601, 611 and 651 Gateway properties and development rights with an agreed upon value aggregating approximately $350.0 million for a gross sales priceits 50% interest in the joint venture. 601, 611 and 651 Gateway consist of 3 Class A office properties aggregating approximately $22.7 million. Net768,000 net rentable square feet. The partner contributed 3 properties and development rights with an agreed upon value aggregating approximately $280.8 million at closing and will contribute cash proceeds totaled approximately $21.4 million, resulting in a loss on sale of real estate totaling approximately $0.6 million.$69.2 million in the future for its 50% ownership interest in the joint venture. As a result of the partner’s deferred contribution, the Company has an initial approximately 55% interest in the joint venture. Future development projects will be owned 49% by the Company and 51% by its partner. Upon the third party’s contribution, the Company ceased accounting for the joint venture entity on a consolidated basis and is accounting for the joint venture entity on an unconsolidated basis using the equity method of accounting, as it has reduced its ownership interest in the joint venture entity and no longer has a controlling financial or operating interest in the joint venture entity (See Note 5). The Company recognized an impairment lossa gain on the retained and sold interest in the real estate contributed to the joint venture totaling approximately $3.1$217.7 million for Boston Properties, Inc. and approximately $1.5$222.4 million for Boston Properties Limited Partnership during the yearthree months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2018. 2600 Tower Oaks Boulevard is an approximately 179,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property. 2600 Tower Oaks2020 within Gains (Losses) on Sales of Real Estate on the respective Consolidated Statements of Operations, as the fair value of the real estate exceeded its carrying value. 601, 611 and 651 Gateway contributed approximately $(0.2)$0.2 million of net lossincome to the Company for the period from January 1, 20192020 through January 23, 201927, 2020 and contributed approximately $(0.2)$2.9 million of net lossincome to the Company for the three months ended March 31, 2018.2019.
At March 31, 2019,On February 20, 2020, the Company evaluatedcompleted the expected hold periodsale of its One Tower Center property and basedNew Dominion Technology Park located in Herndon, Virginia for a gross sale price of $256.0 million. Net cash proceeds totaled approximately $254.0 million, resulting in a gain on a shorter than expected hold period, the Company reduced the carrying valuesale of the property to its estimated fair value at March 31, 2019 and recognized an impairment lossreal estate totaling approximately $24.0$192.3 million for Boston Properties, Inc. and approximately $22.3$197.1 million for Boston Properties Limited Partnership. The Company’s estimated fair value was based on a pending offer from a third party to acquire the property and the subsequent executionNew Dominion Technology Park is comprised of a purchase and sale agreement on April 18, 2019 for a gross sale price of2 Class A office properties aggregating approximately $38.0 million (See Note 12). One Tower Center is an approximately 410,000493,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property located in East Brunswick,feet. New Jersey.Dominion Technology Park contributed approximately $1.6 million of net income to the Company for the period from January 1, 2020 through February 19, 2020 and contributed approximately $2.1 million of net income to the Company for the three months ended March 31, 2019.
4. Leases
General Adoption
In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2016-02, which sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases for both parties to a contract
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(i.e., lessees and lessors). ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether or not the lease for accounting purposes is effectively a financed purchase of the leased asset by the lessee. This classification will determine whether the lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. A lessee is also required to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than 12 months regardless of their classification. Leases with a term of 12 months or less will be accounted for similar to the prior guidance in ASC 840 -“Leases” (“Topic 840”). ASU 2016-02 requires lessors to account for leases using an approach that is substantially equivalent to Topic 840 for sales-type leases, direct financing leases and operating leases. ASU 2016-02 supersedes previous leasing standards.
On July 30, 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, “Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements” (“ASU 2018-11”), that (1) simplifies transition requirements for both lessees and lessors by adding an option that permits an organization to apply the transition provisions of the new standard at its adoption date instead of at the earliest comparative period presented in its financial statements and (2) allows lessors to elect, as a practical expedient, by class of underlying asset, to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component and, instead, to account for those components as a single component if the nonlease components otherwise would be accounted for under the revenue guidance (ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) ("ASC 606")) that was adopted on January 1, 2018, and both of the following are met:
(1) the timing and pattern of transfer of the nonlease component(s) and associated lease components are the same; and
(2) the lease component, if accounted for separately, would be classified as an operating lease.
If the nonlease component or components associated with the lease component are the predominant component of the combined component, an entity is required to account for the combined component in accordance with ASC 606.
The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 and ASU 2018-11 effective January 1, 2019. For purposes of transition, the Company elected the practical expedient package, which has been applied consistently to all of its leases but did not elect the hindsight practical expedient. The practical expedient package did not require the Company to reassess the following: (i) whether an expired or existing contract meets the definition of a lease; (ii) the lease classification at the adoption date for existing leases; and (iii) whether costs previously capitalized as initial direct costs would continue to be amortized. This allows the Company to continue to account for its ground leases as operating leases. However, as of January 1, 2019, any new or modified ground leases may be classified as financing leases unless they meet certain conditions. The Company also elected to apply the transition provisions as of the adoption date, January 1, 2019, and not change its comparative statements. The Company recorded an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings related to initial direct costs that, as of January 1, 2019, had not started to amortize and are no longer allowed to be capitalized in accordance with ASU 2016-02, totaling approximately $3.9 million to Dividends in Excess of Earnings of Boston Properties, Inc. and Partners' Capital of Boston Properties Limited Partnership, approximately $0.4 million to Noncontrolling interests - Common Units of Boston Properties, Inc. and Noncontrolling Interest - Redeemable Partnership Units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership and $70,000 to Noncontrolling Interests - Property Partnerships of Boston Properties, Inc. and Noncontrolling Interests in Property Partnerships of Boston Properties Limited Partnership on the corresponding Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The Company mademust make estimates as to the policy election, when it is the lessee, to not apply the revenue recognition requirementscollectability of Topic 842 to short term leases. This policy election is made by class of underlying assetsits accrued rent and as described below, the Company considers real estate to be a class of underlying assets, and will not be further delineating it into specific uses of the real estate asset as the risk profiles are similar in nature. The Company will recognize the lease payments in net income on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Lease payments from operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the leases. The cumulative difference between lease revenue recognized under this method and the contractual lease payment terms is recorded as deferred rent receivable on our consolidated balance sheets. The Company reviews its trade accounts receivable, including its straight-line rent receivable related to base rents, straight-linelease revenue. Management analyzes accrued rent expense reimbursements and other revenues for collectability. The Company analyzes its accounts receivable customer credit worthiness andby considering tenant creditworthiness, current economic trends, including the impact of COVID-19 on tenants’ businesses, and changes in tenants’ payment patterns when evaluating the adequacy of the collectability of the lessee’s total accountstenant’s receivable balance, on a lease by lease basis. In addition, tenants in bankruptcy are analyzed and considerations are made in connection withincluding the expected recovery of pre-petition and post-petition claims. If a lessee’s accounts receivable balance
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is considered uncollectible the Company will write-off the receivable balances associated with the lease to Lease revenue and cease to recognize lease income, including straight-lineaccrued rent unless cash is received. If the Company subsequently determines that it is probable it will collect substantially all the remaining lessee’s lease payments under the lease term, the Company will then reinstate the straight-line balance adjusting for the amount related to the period when the lease payments were considered not probable. The Company’s reported net earnings are directly affected by management’s estimate of the collectability of its trade accounts receivable.
In January 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-01, “Leases (Topic 842): Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842” (“ASU 2018-01”), which provides an optional transition practical expedient to not evaluate, under Topic 842, existing or expired land easements that were not previously accounted for as leases under the leases guidance in Topic 840.  An entity that elects this practical expedient should evaluate new or modified land easements under Topic 842 beginning at the date that the entity adopts Topic 842.  An entity that does not elect this practical expedient should evaluate all existing or expired land easements in connection with the adoption of the new lease requirements in Topic 842 to assess whether they meet the definition of a lease.  The effective date and transition requirements for ASU 2018-01 are the same as the effective date and transition requirements in ASU 2016-02. The Company adopted ASU 2018-01 on January 1, 2019.
Lessee
For leases in which the Company is the lessee, (generally ground leases), on January 1, 2019, the Company recognized a right-of-use asset and a lease liability of approximately $151.8 million and $199.3 million, respectively. The leases liability was equal to the present value of the minimum lease payments in accordance with Topic ASC 840. In addition, the Company did not know the rate implicit in any of its ground leases which were classified as operating leases, and accordingly used the Company's incremental borrowing rate ("IBR") to determine the net present value of the minimum lease payments.
In order to determine the IBR, the Company utilized a market-based approach to estimate the incremental borrowing rate for each individual lease. The approach required significant judgment. Therefore, the Company utilized different data sets to estimate base IBRs via an analysis of the following weighted-components: 
The interpolated rates from yields on outstanding U.S. Treasury issuances for up to 30 years and for years 31 and beyond, longer term publicly traded educational institution debt issued by high credit quality educational institutions with maturity dates up to 2116,
Observable mortgage rates spread over U.S. Treasury issuances, and
Unlevered property yields and discount rates.
The Company then applied adjustments to account for considerations related to term and interpolated the IBR.
The Company has four non-cancelable ground lease obligations, which were classified as operating leases, with various initial term expiration dates through 2114. The Company recognizes ground rent expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the respective ground lease agreements. None of the amounts disclosed below for these ground leases contain variable payments, extension options or residual value guarantees. One of the ground leases does have an extension option. However, lease payments for this ground lease are based on fair market value and as such have not been included in the analysis below.
The Company has four finance lease obligations with various initial term expiration dates through 2036.
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The following tables provide quantitative information for the Company's operating and finance leases as of March 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands):
 Three months ended March 31, 2019
Lease costs 
Operating lease costs$3,677
Finance lease costs 
Amortization of right of use asset (1)$16
Interest on lease liabilities (2)$12
  
 March 31, 2019
Other information 
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years) 
Operating leases52
Finance leases5
Weighted-average discount rate 
Operating leases5.7%
Finance leases4.1%
_______________
(1)The finance leases relate to either land, building or assets that remain in development. The Company's policy is not to depreciate finance lease assets related to land because it is assumed to have an indefinite life. For assets under development, depreciation may commence once the asset is placed in-service and depreciation would be recognized in accordance with the Company's policy.
(2)Three of the finance leases relate to assets under development and as such the entire interest amount was capitalized.

The following table provides a maturity analysis for the Company's future contractual minimum lease payments to be made by the Company as of December 31, 2018, under non-cancelable ground leases which expire on various dates through 2114:
Years Ending December 31,(in thousands)
2019$11,425
202018,425
202125,310
20228,894
20239,084
Thereafter567,232
The following table provides a maturity analysis for the Company's future minimum lease payments, as of December 31, 2018, related to the four capital leases, through 2036:
Years Ending December 31,(in thousands)
2019$1,441
202012,682
20212,123
20221,253
2023944
Thereafter73,241
Total expected minimum lease payments91,684
Interest portion(27,497)
Present value of expected net minimum lease payments$64,187
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The following table provides a maturity analysis for the Company's lease liabilities related to its operating and finance leases as of March 31, 2019 (in thousands):
 Operating Finance (1)
April 1, 2019 - December 31, 2019$7,317
 $4,401
202017,488
 122,070
202125,403
 2,130
202211,376
 1,121
20239,084
 944
Thereafter567,232
 73,241
Total lease payments637,900
 203,907
Less: interest portion(438,247) (30,784)
Present value of lease payments$199,653
 $173,123
_______________
(1)Finance lease payments in 2020 and 2024 include approximately $119.8 million and $38.7 million, respectively, related to purchase options that the Company is reasonably certain that it will exercise.

Lessor
The Company leases primarily Class A office, retail and residential space to tenants. These leases may contain extension and termination options, that are predominately at the sole discretion of the tenant. In a few instances, the leases also contain purchase options, which would be exercisable at fair market value. Also, certain of the Company's leases include rental payments that are based on a percentage of the tenant sales in excess of contractual amounts.
ASU 2018-11 provides lessors a practical expedient to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component if certain criteria stated above are met for each class of underlying assets. The guidance in Topic 842 defines "underlying asset" as "an asset that is the subject of a lease for which a right to use that asset has been conveyed to a lessee. The underlying asset could be a physically distinct portion of a single asset." Based on the above guidance, the Company considers real estate assets as a class of underlying assets and will not be further delineating it into specific uses of the real estate asset as the risk profiles are similar in nature.
Lease components are elements of an arrangement that provide the customer with the right to use an identified asset. Nonlease components are distinct elements of a contract that are not related to securing the use of the leased asset and revenue is recognized in accordance with ASC 606. The Company considers common area maintenance (CAM) and service income associated with tenant work orders to be nonlease components because they represent delivery of a separate service but are not considered a cost of securing the identified asset. In the case of the Company's business, the identified asset would be the leased real estate (office, retail or residential).
The Company assessed and concluded that the timing and pattern of transfer for nonlease components and the associated lease component are the same. The Company determined that the predominate component was the lease component and as such its leases will continue to qualify as operating leases and the Company has made a policy election to account for and present the lease component and the nonlease component as a single component in the revenue section of the Consolidated Statements of Operations labeled Lease. Prior to the adoption of Topic 842, nonlease components had been included within Recoveries from Tenants Revenue, Parking and Other Revenue and Development and Management Services Revenue on the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations.
In addition, under ASU 2016-02, lessors will only capitalize incremental direct leasing costs. As a result, starting January 1, 2019, the Company no longer capitalizes non-incremental legal costs and internal leasing wages. These costs are expensed as incurred. The expensing of these items is included within General and Administrative Expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
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The following table summarizes the components of lease revenue recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 included within the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations (in thousands):
  Three months ended March 31,
Lease Revenue 2020 2019
Fixed contractual payments $586,957
 $553,986
Variable lease payments 123,154
 125,265
  $710,111
 $679,251

Lease RevenueThree months ended March 31, 2019
Fixed Contractual Payments$553,986
Variable lease payments125,265
 $679,251
The Company's properties are leased to tenants under operating leases with initial term expiration dates ranging from 2019 to 2049.
The future contractual minimum lease payments to be received (excluding operating expense reimbursements) by the Company as of December 31, 2018, under non-cancelable operating leases which expire on various dates through 2049: 
Years Ending December 31,(in thousands)
2019$2,088,171
20202,106,963
20212,015,031
20221,838,699
20231,736,636
Thereafter12,295,464
The future contractual lease payments to be received (excluding operating expense reimbursements) by the Company as of March 31, 2019, under non-cancelable operating leases which expire on various dates through 2049: 
 (in thousands)
April 1, 2019 - December 31, 2019$1,573,871
20202,147,464
20212,076,969
20221,910,362
20231,811,936
Thereafter12,821,229
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5. Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
The investments in unconsolidated joint ventures consist of the following at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018:
2019:
 Nominal % Ownership Carrying Value of Investment (1)   Carrying Value of Investment (1)
Entity Properties  March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Properties 
Nominal %
Ownership
 March 31,
2020
 December 31,
2019
   (in thousands)   (in thousands)
Square 407 Limited Partnership Market Square North 50.0% $(5,948) $(6,424) Market Square North 50.0% $(4,469) $(4,872)
The Metropolitan Square Associates LLC Metropolitan Square 20.0% 3,146
 2,644
BP/CRF 901 New York Avenue LLC 901 New York Avenue 25.0%(2) (13,215) (13,640)
BP/CRF Metropolitan Square, LLC Metropolitan Square 20.0% 13,130
 9,134
901 New York, LLC 901 New York Avenue 25.0%(2) (12,069) (12,113)
WP Project Developer LLC Wisconsin Place Land and Infrastructure 33.3%(3) 37,821
 38,214
 Wisconsin Place Land and Infrastructure 33.3%(3) 36,446
 36,789
Annapolis Junction NFM LLC Annapolis Junction 50.0%(4) 25,284
 25,268
 Annapolis Junction 50.0%(4) 25,461
 25,391
540 Madison Venture LLC 540 Madison Avenue 60.0% 66,452
 66,391
 540 Madison Avenue 60.0%(5) 2,961
 2,953
500 North Capitol Venture LLC 500 North Capitol Street, NW 30.0% (4,781) (5,026) 500 North Capitol Street, NW 30.0% (5,688) (5,439)
501 K Street LLC 1001 6th Street 50.0%(5) 42,500
 42,557
 1001 6th Street 50.0%(6) 42,774
 42,496
Podium Developer LLC The Hub on Causeway - Podium 50.0% 69,849
 69,302
 The Hub on Causeway - Podium 50.0% 49,605
 49,466
Residential Tower Developer LLC The Hub on Causeway - Residential 50.0% 47,795
 47,505
 Hub50House 50.0% 54,414
 55,092
Hotel Tower Developer LLC The Hub on Causeway - Hotel Air Rights 50.0% 3,343
 3,022
 The Hub on Causeway - Hotel Air Rights 50.0% 9,889
 9,883
Office Tower Developer LLC 100 Causeway Street 50.0%(6)46,881
 23,804
 100 Causeway Street 50.0% 57,079
 56,606
1265 Main Office JV LLC 1265 Main Street 50.0% 4,030
 3,918
 1265 Main Street 50.0% 3,636
 3,780
BNY Tower Holdings LLC Dock 72 50.0% 83,291
 82,520
 Dock 72 50.0% 95,362
 94,804
BNYTA Amenity Operator LLC Dock 72 50.0% 
 
CA-Colorado Center Limited Partnership Colorado Center 50.0% 252,762
 253,495
 Colorado Center 50.0% 251,146
 252,069
7750 Wisconsin Avenue LLC 7750 Wisconsin Avenue 50.0%(6)70,147
 69,724
 7750 Wisconsin Avenue 50.0% 57,003
 56,247
BP-M 3HB Venture LLC 3 Hudson Boulevard 25.0% 47,480
 46,993
 3 Hudson Boulevard 25.0% 84,301
 67,499
SMBP Venture LP Santa Monica Business Park 55.0% 175,799
 180,952
 Santa Monica Business Park 55.0% 151,997
 163,937
Platform 16 Holdings LP Platform 16 55.0%(7)93,991
 29,501
Gateway Portfolio Holdings LLC Gateway Commons 50.0%(8)348,143
 N/A
   $952,636
 $931,219
   $1,355,112
 $933,223
 _______________
(1)Investments with deficit balances aggregating approximately $23.9$22.2 million and $25.1$22.4 million at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018,2019, respectively, have been reflectedare included within Other Liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(2)The Company’s economic ownership has increased based on the achievement of certain return thresholds. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company’s economic ownership was approximately 50%.
(3)The Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary that owns Wisconsin Place Office also owns a 33.3% interest in the joint venture entity that owns the land, parking garage and infrastructure of the project.
(4)The joint venture owns three3 in-service buildings and two2 undeveloped land parcels.
(5)
The property was sold on June 27, 2019. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the investment is comprised of undistributed cash.

(6)Under the joint venture agreement for this land parcel, the partner will be entitled to up to two2 additional payments from the venture based on increases in total entitled square footage of the project above 520,000 square feet and achieving certain project returns at stabilization.
(6)(7)
This entity is a VIE (See Note 2)2).
(8)As a result of the partner’s deferred contribution, the Company has an initial approximately 55% interest in the joint venture. Future development projects will be owned 49% by the Company and 51% by its partner.
Certain of the Company’s unconsolidated joint venture agreements provide that,include provisions whereby, at certain specified times, each partner has the right to initiate a purchase or sale of its interest in the joint ventures. With limited exceptions under these provisions, the Company is not compelled to purchase the interest of its outside joint venture partners. Under certain of the Company’s joint venture agreements, if certain return thresholds are achieved, the partners or the Company will be entitled to an additional promoted interest or payments.
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The combined summarized balance sheets of the Company’s unconsolidated joint ventures are as follows:
March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018March 31,
2020
 December 31,
2019
(in thousands)(in thousands)
ASSETS      
Real estate and development in process, net (1)$3,660,439
 $3,545,906
$4,469,460
 $3,904,400
Other assets534,534
 543,512
578,468
 502,706
Total assets$4,194,973
 $4,089,418
$5,047,928
 $4,407,106
LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’/PARTNERS’ EQUITY      
Mortgage and notes payable, net$2,074,473
 $2,017,609
$2,312,938
 $2,218,853
Other liabilities (2)604,280
 582,006
638,892
 749,675
Members’/Partners’ equity1,516,220
 1,489,803
2,096,098
 1,438,578
Total liabilities and members’/partners’ equity$4,194,973
 $4,089,418
$5,047,928
 $4,407,106
Company’s share of equity$642,564
 $622,498
$956,136
 $591,905
Basis differentials (3)310,072
 308,721
398,976
 341,318
Carrying value of the Company’s investments in unconsolidated joint ventures (4)$952,636
 $931,219
$1,355,112
 $933,223
 _______________
(1)At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, this amount includes right of use assets - finance leases totaling approximately $248.9 million and $383.9 million, respectively, and right of use assets - operating leases totaling approximately $248.9$11.9 million and $12.7$12.1 million, respectively.
(2)At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, this amount includes lease liabilities - finance leases totaling approximately $391.0 million and $510.8 million, respectively, and lease liabilities - operating leases totaling approximately $393.9$17.4 million and $17.2$17.3 million, respectively.
(3)This amount represents the aggregate difference between the Company’s historical cost basis and the basis reflected at the joint venture level, which is typically amortized over the life of the related assets and liabilities. Basis differentials result from impairments of investments, acquisitions through joint ventures with no change in control and upon the transfer of assets that were previously owned by the Company into a joint venture. In addition, certain acquisition, transaction and other costs may not be reflected in the net assets at the joint venture level. At March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018,2019, there was an aggregate basis differential of approximately $315.3$310.1 million and $316.7$311.3 million, respectively, between the carrying value of the Company’s investment in the joint venture that owns Colorado Center and the joint venture’s basis in the assets and liabilities, whichliabilities. At March 31, 2020, there was an aggregate basis differential of approximately $55.7 million between the carrying value of the Company’s investment in the joint venture that owns Gateway Commons and the joint venture’s basis in the assets and liabilities. These basis differentials (excluding land) shall be amortized over the remaining lives of the related assets and liabilities.
(4)Investments with deficit balances aggregating approximately $23.9$22.2 million and $25.1$22.4 million at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018,2019, respectively, have been reflected within Other Liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
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The combined summarized statements of operations of the Company’s unconsolidated joint ventures are as follows:
Three months ended March 31,Three months ended March 31,
2019 20182020 2019
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Total revenue (1)$82,955
 $56,486
$93,203
 $82,955
Expenses      
Operating30,499
 22,849
35,401
 30,499
Depreciation and amortization28,646
 14,725
32,035
 28,646
Total expenses59,145
 37,574
67,436
 59,145
Other expense   
Other income (expense)   
Interest expense20,757
 14,424
(22,583) (20,757)
Net income$3,053
 $4,488
$3,184

$3,053
      
Company’s share of net income$1,584
 $1,826
$1,252
 $1,584
Basis differential (2)(1,371) (1,365)(1,621) (1,371)
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures$213
 $461
Income (loss) from unconsolidated joint ventures$(369) $213
_______________ 
(1)Includes straight-line rent adjustments of approximately $5.8$9.7 million and $1.8$5.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively.
(2)Includes straight-line rent adjustments of approximately $0.5 million and $0.7$0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively. Also includes net above-/below-market rent adjustments of approximately $0.4$0.3 million and $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively.

On January 24, 2019,28, 2020, the Company entered into a joint venture with a third party to own, operate and develop properties at its Gateway Commons complex located in South San Francisco, California. The Company contributed its 601, 611 and 651 Gateway properties and development rights with an agreed upon value aggregating approximately $350.0 million for its 50% interest in the joint venture (See Note 3). 601, 611 and 651 Gateway consist of three Class A office properties aggregating approximately 768,000 net rentable square feet. The partner contributed 3 properties and development rights with an agreed upon value aggregating approximately $280.8 million at closing and will contribute cash totaling approximately $69.2 million in the future for its 50% ownership interest in the joint venture. As a result of the partner’s deferred contribution, the Company has an initial approximately 55% interest in the joint venture. Future development projects will be owned 49% by the Company and 51% by its partner.
On January 28, 2020, a joint venture in which the Company has a 55% interest commenced development of the first phase of its Platform 16 project located in San Jose, California. The first phase of the Platform 16 development project consists of an approximately 390,000 net rentable square foot Class A office building and a below-grade parking garage. Though the joint venture has completed site preparation work, in consultation with the Company’s partner, the joint venture has paused construction activities and it will revisit its plans once the economic impact of COVID-19 becomes clearer. On February 20, 2020, the joint venture acquired the land underlying the ground lease for a purchase price totaling approximately $134.8 million. The joint venture had previously made a deposit totaling $15.0 million, which deposit was credited against the purchase price. Platform 16 consists of a parcel of land totaling approximately 5.6 acres that is expected to support the development of approximately 1.1 million square feet of commercial office space.
On March 18, 2020, a joint venture in which the Company has a 50% interest extended the mortgage loan collateralized by its Annapolis Junction Building Six property.Seven and Building Eight. At the time of the extension, the outstanding balance of the loan totaled approximately $13.0$34.6 million, and was scheduled to mature on November 17, 2019, with one, one-year extension option, subject to certain conditions. The extended loan has a total commitment amount of approximately $14.3 million, bearsbore interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.00%2.35% per annum and matured on March 6, 2020. The extended loan matures on November 17,June 30, 2020. Annapolis Junction Building Six is aSeven and Building Eight are Class A office propertyproperties with approximately 119,000127,000 and 126,000 net rentable square feet, respectively, located in Annapolis, Maryland.

6. Commitments and Contingencies
General
In the normal course of business, the Company guarantees its performance of services or indemnifies third parties against its negligence. In addition, in the normal course of business, the Company guarantees to certain tenants the obligations of its subsidiaries for the payment of tenant improvement allowances and brokerage commissions in connection with their leases and limited costs arising from delays in delivery of their premises. 
The Company has letter of credit and performance obligations related to lender and development requirements that total approximately $7.7$21.7 million.
Certain of the Company’s joint venture agreements include provisions whereby, at certain specified times, each partner has the right to initiate a purchase or sale of its interest in the joint ventures. With limited exception, under these provisions, the Company is not compelled to purchase the interest of its outside joint venture partners. From time to time, under certain of the Company’s joint venture agreements, if certain return thresholds are achieved, either the Company or its partners willmay be entitled to an additional promoted interest or payments. See also Note 7.
From time to time, the Company (or ventures in which the Company has an ownership interest) has agreed, and may in the future agree, to (1) guarantee portions of the principal, interest and other amounts in connection with their borrowings, (2) provide customary environmental indemnifications and nonrecourse carve-outs (e.g., guarantees against fraud, misrepresentation and bankruptcy) in connection with their borrowings and (3) provide guarantees to lenders, tenants and other third parties for the completion of development projects. The Company
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has agreements with its outside partners whereby the partners agree to reimburse the joint venture for their share of any payments made under the guarantee. In some cases, the Company earns a fee from the applicable joint venture for providing the guarantee.
In connection with the refinancing of 767 Fifth Avenue’s (the General Motors Building) secured loan by the Company’s consolidated joint venture entity, 767 Venture, LLC, the Company guaranteed the consolidated entity’s obligation to fund various reserves for tenant improvement costs and allowances, leasing commissions and free rent obligations in lieu of cash deposits. As of March 31, 2019,2020, the maximum funding obligation under the guarantee was approximately $110.5$57.1 million. The Company earns a fee from the joint venture for providing the guarantee and has an agreement with the outside partners to reimburse the joint venture for their share of any payments made under the guarantee. As of March 31, 2019,2020, no amounts related to the guarantee are recorded as liabilities in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Pursuant to the lease agreement with Marriott, the Company has guaranteed the completion of the office building and parking garage on behalf of its 7750 Wisconsin Avenue joint venture and has also agreed to provide anyprovided a financing guaranty that may beas required with respect to the third-party construction financing.  The Company earns fees from the joint venture for providing the guarantees and any amounts the Company pays under the guarantee(s) will be deemed to be capital contributions by the Company to the joint venture.  The Company has also agreed to fund construction costs through capital contributions to the joint venture in the event of unavailability or insufficiency of third-party construction financing.  In addition, the Company has guaranteed to Marriott, as hotel manager, the completion of a hotel being developed by an affiliate of The Bernstein Companies (the Company'sCompany’s partner in the 7750 Wisconsin Avenue joint venture) adjacent to the office property, for which the Company earns a fee from the affiliate of The Bernstein Companies.  In addition, the Company entered into agreements with affiliates of The Bernstein Companies whereby the Company could be required to act as a mezzanine and/or mortgage lender and finance the construction of the hotel property.  An affiliate of The Bernstein Companies has exercised an option to borrow up to $15.0 million from the Company under such agreements. As of March 31, 2020, 0 funding request has been received by the Company. To secure such financing arrangements, affiliates of The Bernstein Companies are required to provide certain security, which varies depending on the specific loan, by pledges of their equity interest in the office property, a fee mortgage on the hotel property, or both. As of March 31, 2019, no2020, 0 amounts related to the contingent aspect of any of the guarantees are recorded as liabilities in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In connection with the sale and development of the Company'sCompany’s 6595 Springfield Center Drive development project, the Company has guaranteed the completion of the project and the payment of certain cost overruns in accordance with the development management agreement with the buyer. Although the project has been sold and the lease with the federal governmentFederal Government tenant has been assigned to the buyer, pursuant to the terms of the Federal Government lease, the Federal Government tenant is not obligated to release the prior owner/landlord from such landlord’s obligations under the lease until completion of the construction. As a result, the entity which previously

owned the land remains liable to the Federal Government tenant for the completion of the construction obligations under the lease.  The buyer is obligated to fund the balance of the costs to meet such construction obligations, subject to the Company’s obligation to fund cost overruns (if any), as noted above. An affiliate of the buyer has provided a guaranty of the obligations of the buyer to fund such construction costs and the buyer has agreed to use commercially reasonable efforts to require the construction lender to provide certain remedies to the Company in the event the buyer does not fund such construction obligations. As of March 31, 2019, no2020, 0 amounts related to the contingent aspect of the guarantee are recorded as a liability in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In connection with the redevelopment of the Company’s 325 Main Street property located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, the Company is required, pursuant to the local zoning ordinance, to commence construction of a residential building of at least 200,000 square feet with 25% of the project designated as income-restricted (with a minimum of 20% of the square footage devoted to home ownership units) prior to the occupancy of the 325 Main Street property. 325 Main Street consisted of an approximately 115,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property that was demolished and is being developed into an approximately 420,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property, including approximately 41,000 net rentable square feet of retail space.
In 2009, the Company filed a general unsecured creditor’s claim against Lehman Brothers, Inc. for approximately $45.3 million related to its rejection of a lease at 399 Park Avenue in New York City. On January 10, 2014, the trustee for the liquidation of the business of Lehman Brothers allowed the Company’s claim in the amount of approximately $45.2 million. During the years 2014 2015, 2016, 2017 andthrough 2018, the Company received distributions ofaggregating approximately $7.7$18.0 million, $8.1 million, $1.4 million, $0.4 million and $0.3 million, respectively. The Company hasleaving a remaining claim of approximately $27.2 million. The Company will continue to evaluate whether to attempt to sell the remaining claim or wait until the trustee distributes proceeds from the Lehman Brothers estate. Given the inherent uncertainties in bankruptcy proceedings, there can be no assurance as to the timing or amount of additional proceeds, if any, that the Company may ultimately realize on the remaining claim, whether by sale to a third party or by one or more distributions from the trustee. Accordingly, the Company has not recorded any estimated recoveries associated with this gain contingency within its Consolidated Financial Statements at March 31, 2019.
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2020.
Insurance
The Company’s property insurance program per occurrence limits are $1.0 billion for its portfolio insurance program, including coverage for acts of terrorism other than nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological terrorism (“Terrorism Coverage”). The Company also carries $250 million of Terrorism Coverage for 601 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York (“601 Lexington Avenue”) in excess of the $1.0 billionof coverage in the Company’s property insurance program. Certain properties, including the General Motors Building located at 767 Fifth Avenue in New York, New York (“767 Fifth Avenue”), are currently insured in separate insurance programs. The property insurance program per occurrence limits for 767 Fifth Avenue are $1.625 billion, including Terrorism Coverage. The Company also currently carries nuclear, biological, chemical and radiological terrorism insurance coverage for acts of terrorism certified under the Federal Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (as amended, “TRIA”) (“NBCR Coverage”), which is provided by IXP as a direct insurer, for the properties in the Company'sCompany’s portfolio, including 767 Fifth Avenue, but excluding certain other properties owned in joint ventures with third parties or which the Company manages. The per occurrence limit for NBCR Coverage is $1.0 billion. Under TRIA, after the payment of the required deductible and coinsurance, the NBCR Coverage provided by IXP is backstopped by the Federal Government if the aggregate industry insured losses resulting from a certified act of terrorism exceed a “program trigger.” In 2019, theThe program trigger is $180$200 million, and the coinsurance is 19%, however, both will increase in subsequent years pursuant20% and the deductible is 20% of the premiums earned by the insurer for the year prior to TRIA.a claim. If the Federal Government pays out for a loss under TRIA, it is mandatory that the Federal Government recoup the full amount of the loss from insurers offering TRIA coverage after the payment of the loss pursuant to a formula in TRIA. The Company may elect to terminate the NBCR Coverage if the Federal Government seeks recoupment for losses paid under TRIA, if TRIA is not extended after its expiration on December 31, 2020,2027, if there is a change in its portfolio or for any other reason. The Company intends to continue to monitor the scope, nature and cost of available terrorism insurance.
The Company also currently carries earthquake insurance on its properties located in areas known to be subject to earthquakes. In addition, this insurance is subject to a deductible in the amount of 3% of the value of the affected property. Specifically, the Company currently carries earthquake insurance which covers its San Francisco and Los Angeles regions with a $240 million per occurrence limit, and a $240 million annual aggregate limit, $20 million of which is provided by IXP, as a direct insurer. The amount of the Company’s earthquake insurance coverage may not be sufficient to cover losses from earthquakes. In addition, the amount of earthquake coverage could impact the Company’s ability to finance properties subject to earthquake risk. The Company may discontinue

earthquake insurance or change the structure of its earthquake insurance program on some or all of its properties in the future if the premiums exceed the Company’s estimation of the value of the coverage.
IXP, a captive insurance company which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, acts as a direct insurer with respect to a portion of the Company’s earthquake insurance coverage for its Greater San Francisco and Los Angeles properties and the Company’s NBCR Coverage. Insofar as the Company owns IXP, it is responsible for its liquidity and capital resources, and the accounts of IXP are part of the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In particular, if a loss occurs which is covered by the Company’s NBCR Coverage but is less than the applicable program trigger under TRIA, IXP would be responsible for the full amount of the loss without any backstop by the Federal Government. IXP would also be responsible for any recoupment charges by the Federal Government in the event losses are paid out and its insurance policy is maintained after the payout by the Federal Government. If the Company experiences a loss and IXP is required to pay under its insurance policy, the Company would ultimately record the loss to the extent of the required payment. Therefore, insurance coverage provided by IXP should not be considered as the equivalent of third-party insurance, but rather as a modified form of self-insurance. In addition, Boston Properties Limited Partnership has issued a guarantee to cover liabilities of IXP in the amount of $20.0 million.
The mortgages onDue to the current COVID-19 pandemic, the Company anticipates the possibility of business interruption, loss of lease revenue and/or other associated expenses related to the Company’s properties typically contain requirements concerningoperations across its portfolio. Because this is an ongoing situation it is not yet possible to quantify the financial ratingsCompany’s losses and expenses, which continue to develop. Because of the insurers who provide policies covering the property. The Company provides the lenders on a regular basis with the identitycomplexity of the insurance companies in the Company’s insurance programs. The ratings of somepolicies and limited precedent for claims being made related to pandemics, it is not yet possible to determine if such losses and expenses will be covered by the Company’s insurance policies. Therefore, at this time, the Company is providing notice to the applicable insurers of the Company’s insurers are below the rating requirementspotential for claims in some oforder to protect the Company’s loan agreements and the lenders for these loans could attempt to claim that an event of default has occurredrights under the loan. The Company believes it could obtain insurance with insurers which satisfy the rating requirements. Additionally, in the future, the Company’s ability to obtain debt financing secured by individual properties, or the terms of such financing, may be adversely affected if lenders generally insist on ratings for insurers or amounts of insurance which are difficult to obtain or which result in a commercially unreasonable premium. There can be no assurance that a deficiency in the financial ratings of one or more of the Company’s insurers will not have a material adverse effect on the Company.
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its policies.
The Company continues to monitor the state of the insurance market in general, and the scope and costs of coverage for acts of terrorism, and California earthquake risk and pandemics, in particular, but the Company cannot anticipate what coverage will be available on commercially reasonable terms in future policy years. There are other types of losses, such as from wars, for which the Company cannot obtain insurance at all or at a reasonable cost. With respect to such losses and losses from acts of terrorism, earthquakes or other catastrophic events, if the Company experiences a loss that is uninsured or that exceeds policy limits, the Company could lose the capital invested in the damaged properties, as well as the anticipated future revenues from those properties. Depending on the specific circumstances of each affected property, it is possible that the Company could be liable for mortgage indebtedness or other obligations related to the property. Any such loss could materially and adversely affect the Company’s business and financial condition and results of operations.
7. Noncontrolling Interests
Noncontrolling interests relate to the interests in Boston Properties Limited Partnership not owned by Boston Properties, Inc. and interests in consolidated property partnerships not wholly-owned by the Company. As of March 31, 2019,2020, the noncontrolling interests in Boston Properties Limited Partnership consisted of 16,844,94716,421,888 OP Units, 1,187,9191,343,299 LTIP Units (including 118,067105,080 2012 OPP Units, 68,65964,468 2013 MYLTIP Units, 23,100 2014 MYLTIP Units, 28,724 2015 MYLTIP Units, and 98,70689,791 2016 MYLTIP Units), 394,921Units and 116,167 2017 MYLTIP Units,Units), 336,195 2018 MYLTIP Units, and 220,734 2019 MYLTIP Units and 203,278 2020 MYLTIP Units held by parties other than Boston Properties, Inc.
Noncontrolling Interest—Common Units
During the three months ended March 31, 2019, 14,1292020, 461,856 OP Units were presented by the holders for redemption (including 12,92971,303 OP Units issued upon conversion of LTIP Units, 2012 OPP Units, 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units, 2016 MYLTIP Units and 20142017 MYLTIP Units) and were redeemed by Boston Properties, Inc. in exchange for an equal number of shares of Common Stock.
At March 31, 2019,2020, Boston Properties Limited Partnership had outstanding 394,921 2017 MYLTIP Units, 336,195 2018 MYLTIP Units, and 220,734 2019 MYLTIP Units and 203,278 2020 MYLTIP Units. Prior to the applicable measurement date (February 6, 20205, 2021 for the 20172018 MYLTIP Units, February 5, 20214, 2022 for the 20182019 MYLTIP Units and February 4, 20223, 2023 for the 20192020 MYLTIP Units), holders of MYLTIP Units will be entitled to receive per unit distributions equal to one-tenth (10%) of the regular quarterly distributions payable on an OP Unit, but will not be entitled to receive any special distributions. After the measurement date, the number of MYLTIP Units, both vested and unvested, that MYLTIP award recipients

have earned, if any, based on the establishment of a performance pool, will be entitled to receive distributions in an amount per unit equal to distributions, both regular and special, payable on an OP Unit.
On February 9, 2019,6, 2020, the measurement period for the Company’s 20162017 MYLTIP awards ended and, based on Boston Properties, Inc.’s relative TSR performance, the final awards were determined to be 69.5%83.8% of target or an aggregate of approximately $13.6$17.6 million(after giving effect to voluntary employee separations). As a result, an aggregate of 364,980 2016270,942 2017 MYLTIP Units that had been previously granted were automatically forfeited.
The following table presents Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s distributions on the OP Units and LTIP Units (including the 2012 OPP Units, 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014- 2016 MYLTIP Units and, after the February 6, 2020 measurement date, the 2017 MYLTIP Units) and its distributions on the 2017 MYLTIP Units (prior to the February 6, 2020 measurement date), 2018 MYLTIP Units, 2019 MYLTIP Units and 2020 MYLTIP Units (after the February 4, 2020 issuance date) that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2020:
Record Date Payment Date Distributions per OP Unit and LTIP Unit Distributions per MYLTIP Unit
March 31, 2020 April 30, 2020 
$0.98
 
$0.098
December 31, 2019 January 30, 2020 
$0.98
 
$0.098

The following table presents Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s distributions on the OP Units and LTIP Units (including the 2012 OPP Units, 2013 - 2015 MYLTIP Units and, after the February 9, 2019 measurement date, the 2016 MYLTIP Units) and its distributions on the 2016 MYLTIP Units (prior to the February 9, 2019 measurement date), 2017 MYLTIP Units, 2018 MYLTIP Units and 2019 MYLTIP Units (after the February 5, 2019 issuance date) paid in 2019:
Record Date Payment Date Distributions per OP Unit and LTIP Unit Distributions per MYLTIP Unit
March 29, 2019 April 30, 2019 
$0.95
 
$0.095
December 31, 2018 January 30, 2019 
$0.95
 
$0.095
The following table presents Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s distributions on the OP Units and LTIP Units (including the 2012 OPP Units, 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units and, after the February 4, 2018 measurement date, the 2015 MYLTIP Units) and its distributions on the 2015 MYLTIP Units (prior to the February 4, 2018 measurement date), 2016 MYLTIP Units, 2017 MYLTIP Units and 2018 MYLTIP Units (after the February 6, 2018 issuance date) that occurred during the first quarter of 2018:three months ended March 31, 2019:
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Record Date Payment Date Distributions per OP Unit and LTIP Unit Distributions per MYLTIP Unit
March 29, 2019 April 30, 2019 
$0.95
 
$0.095
December 31, 2018 January 30, 2019 
$0.95
 
$0.095

Record Date Payment Date Distributions per OP Unit and LTIP Unit Distributions per MYLTIP Unit
March 29, 2018 April 30, 2018 
$0.80
 
$0.080
December 31, 2017 January 30, 2018 
$0.80
 
$0.080

A holder of an OP Unit may present the OP Unit to Boston Properties Limited Partnership for redemption at any time (subject to restrictions agreed upon at the time of issuance of OP Units to particular holders that may restrict such redemption right for a period of time, generally one1 year from issuance). Upon presentation of an OP Unit for redemption, Boston Properties Limited Partnership must redeem the OP Unit for cash equal to the then value of a share of common stockCommon Stock of Boston Properties, Inc. Boston Properties, Inc. may, in its sole discretion, elect to assume and satisfy the redemption obligation by paying either cash or issuing one1 share of Common Stock. The value of the OP Units not(not owned by Boston Properties, Inc. and LTIP Units (including the 2012 OPP Units, 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units, 2015 MYLTIP Units and 2016- 2017 MYLTIP Units), assuming that all conditions had been met for the conversion thereof,thereof) had all of such units been redeemed at March 31, 20192020 was approximately $2.4$1.6 billion based on the last reported price of a share of Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange of $133.88$92.23 per share on March 29, 2019.31, 2020.
Noncontrolling Interests—Property Partnerships
The noncontrolling interests in property partnerships consist of the outside equity interests in ventures that are consolidated with the financial results of the Company because the Company exercises control over the entities that own the properties. The equity interests in these ventures that are not owned by the Company, totaling approximately $1.7 billion at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018,2019, are included in Noncontrolling Interests—Property Partnerships inon the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.
On May 12, 2016, the partners in the Company’s consolidated entity that owns Salesforce Tower located in San Francisco, California amended the venture agreement. Under the original venture agreement, if the Company elects to fund the construction of Salesforce Tower without a construction loan (or a construction loan of less than 50% of project costs) and the venture has commenced vertical construction of the project, then the partner’s capital funding obligation shall be limited, in which event the Company shall fund up to 2.5% of the total project costs (i.e., 50% of the partner’s 5% interest in the venture) in the form of a loan to the partner. This loan would bear interest at the then prevailing market interest rates for construction loans. Under the amended agreement, the partners have agreed to structure this funding by the Company as preferred equity rather than a loan. The preferred equity contributed by the Company earns a preferred return equal to LIBOR plus 3.00% per annum and is payable to the Company out of any distributions to which the partner would otherwise be entitled until such preferred equity and preferred return have been repaid to the Company. As of March 31, 2019, the Company had contributed an aggregate of approximately $22.6 million of preferred equity to the venture. Also, under the joint venture agreement, (a) from and after the stabilization date, the partner has the right to cause the Company to purchase all (but not less than all) of the partner’s interest and (b) from and after the third anniversary of the stabilization date, the Company has the right to acquire all (but not less than all) of the partner’s interest, in each case at an agreed upon purchase price or appraised value.  In addition, if certain threshold returns are achieved the partner will be entitled to receive an additional promoted interest with respect to cash flow distributions.  The term stabilization date is defined in the agreement to generally mean the first date after completion upon which Salesforce Tower is (1) at least 90% leased and (2) 50% occupied by tenants that are paying rent. 
On January 18, 2019, the Company and its partner amended the venture agreement. Per the amendment, the partner exercised its right to cause the Company to purchase on April 1, 2019 its 5% ownership interest and promoted profits interest in the venture for cash totaling approximately $210.9 million, which amount shall be reduced by approximately $24.1 million, consisting of the repayment of the Company's preferred equity and preferred return as provided for in the venture agreement. As part of the original agreement, the partner was required to contribute 5% of the equity and was entitled to receive an additional promoted payment based on the success of the property (See Note 12).

8. Stockholders’ Equity / Partners’ Capital
Boston Properties, Inc.
As of March 31, 2019,2020, Boston Properties, Inc. had 154,515,486155,314,555 shares of Common Stock outstanding.
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As of March 31, 2019,2020, Boston Properties, Inc. owned 1,725,4841,730,797 general partnership units and 152,790,002153,583,758 limited partnership units ofin Boston Properties Limited Partnership.

On June 2, 2017, Boston Properties, Inc. renewed its “at the market” (“ATM”) stock offering program through which it may sell from time to time up to an aggregate of $600.0 million of its common stock through sales agents over a three-year3-year period. This program replaced the Company’s prior $600.0 million ATM stock offering program that was scheduled to expire on June 3, 2017. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from any offering for general business purposes, which may include investment opportunities and debt reduction. No shares of common stock have been issued under this ATM stock offering program.
During the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020, Boston Properties, Inc. issued 14,12943,792 shares of Common Stock upon the exercise of options to purchase Common Stock.
During the three months ended March 31, 2020, Boston Properties, Inc. issued 461,856 shares of Common Stock, in connection with the redemption of an equal number of redeemable OP Units from limited partners.
The following table presents Boston Properties, Inc.’s dividends per share and Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s distributions per OP Unit and LTIP Unit paid or declared in 20192020 and occurred during the first quarter of 2018:three months ended March 31, 2019:
Record Date Payment Date Dividend (Per Share)
 Distribution (Per Unit)
March 31, 2020 April 30, 2020 
$0.98
 
$0.98
December 31, 2019 January 30, 2020 
$0.98
 
$0.98
       
March 29, 2019 April 30, 2019 
$0.95
 
$0.95
December 31, 2018 January 30, 2019 
$0.95
 
$0.95
Record Date Payment Date Dividend (Per Share)
 Distribution (Per Unit)
March 29, 2019 April 30, 2019 
$0.95
 
$0.95
December 31, 2018 January 30, 2019 
$0.95
 
$0.95
       
March 29, 2018 April 30, 2018 
$0.80
 
$0.80
December 31, 2017 January 30, 2018 
$0.80
 
$0.80

Preferred Stock
As of March 31, 2019,2020, Boston Properties, Inc. had 80,000 shares (8,000,000 depositary shares each representing 1/100th of a share) outstanding of its 5.25% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock with a liquidation preference of $2,500.00 per share ($25.00 per depositary share). Boston Properties, Inc. pays cumulative cash dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock at a rate of 5.25% per annum of the $2,500.00 liquidation preference per share. Boston Properties, Inc. did not have the right to redeem the Series B Preferred Stock prior to March 27, 2018, except in certain circumstances relating to the preservation of Boston Properties, Inc.’s REIT status. On and after March 27, 2018, Boston Properties, Inc., at its option, may redeem the Series B Preferred Stock for a cash redemption price of $2,500.00 per share ($25.00 per depositary share), plus all accrued and unpaid dividends. The Series B Preferred Stock is not redeemable by the holders, has no maturity date and is not convertible into any other security of Boston Properties, Inc. or its affiliates.
The following table presents Boston Properties Inc.’s dividends per share on its outstanding Series B Preferred Stock paid or declared during 20192020 and occurred during the first quarter of 2018:three months ended March 31, 2019:
Record Date Payment Date Dividend (Per Share)

May 1, 2020May 15, 2020
$32.8125
February 4, 2020February 18, 2020
$32.8125
May 3, 2019 May 15, 2019 

$32.8125

February 4, 2019 February 15, 2019 

$32.8125
May 4, 2018May 15, 2018
$32.8125
February 2, 2018February 15, 2018
$32.8125



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9. Earnings Per Share / Common Unit
Boston Properties, Inc.
The following table provides a reconciliation of both the net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and the number of common shares used in the computation of basic earnings per share (“EPS”), which is calculated by dividing net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Unvested share-based payment

awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are also participating securities. As such, unvested restricted common stock of Boston Properties, Inc. and Boston Properties Limited Partnership'sPartnership’s LTIP Units, 2012 OPP Units and MYLTIP Units are considered participating securities. Participating securities are included in the computation of basic EPS of Boston Properties, Inc. using the two-classtwo-class method. Participating securities are included in the computation of diluted EPS of Boston Properties, Inc. using the if-converted method if the impact is dilutive. Because the 2012 OPP Units and 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units, 2015 MYLTIP Units and 2016- 2017 MYLTIP Units required, and the 2017-20192018 - 2020 MYLTIP Units require, Boston Properties, Inc. to outperform absolute and relative return thresholds, unless such thresholds have been met by the end of the applicable reporting period, Boston Properties, Inc. excludes such units from the diluted EPS calculation. Other potentially dilutive common shares, including stock options, restricted stock and other securities of Boston Properties Limited Partnership that are exchangeable for Boston Properties, Inc.’s Common Stock, and the related impact on earnings, are considered when calculating diluted EPS.
 Three months ended March 31, 2020
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per Share
Amount
 (in thousands, except for per share amounts)
Basic Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$497,496
 155,011
 $3.21
Allocation of undistributed earnings to participating securities(1,011) 
 (0.01)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$496,485
 155,011
 $3.20
Effect of Dilutive Securities:     
Stock Based Compensation
 247
 
Diluted Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$496,485
 155,258
 $3.20
      
 Three months ended March 31, 2019
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per Share
Amount
 (in thousands, except for per share amounts)
Basic Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$98,105
 154,525
 $0.63
Effect of Dilutive Securities:     
Stock Based Compensation
 319
 
Diluted Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$98,105
 154,844
 $0.63
 Three months ended March 31, 2019
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per Share
Amount
 (in thousands, except for per share amounts)
Basic Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$98,105
 154,525
 $0.63
Effect of Dilutive Securities:     
Stock Based Compensation
 319
 
Diluted Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$98,105
 154,844
 $0.63
      
 Three months ended March 31, 2018
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per Share
Amount
 (in thousands, except for per share amounts)
Basic Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$176,021
 154,385
 $1.14
Allocation of undistributed earnings to participating securities(127) 
 
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$175,894
 154,385
 $1.14
Effect of Dilutive Securities:     
Stock Based Compensation
 320
 
Diluted Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$175,894
 154,705
 $1.14
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Boston Properties Limited Partnership
The following table provides a reconciliation of both the net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders and the number of common units used in the computation of basic earnings per common unit, which is calculated by dividing net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders by the weighted-average number of common units outstanding during the period. Unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are also participating securities. As such, unvested restricted common stock of Boston Properties, Inc. and Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s LTIP Units, 2012 OPP Units and MYLTIP Units are considered participating securities. Participating securities are included in the computation of basic earnings per common unit using the two-classtwo-class method. Participating securities are included in the computation of diluted earnings per common unit using the if-converted method if the impact is dilutive. Because the 2012 OPP Units and 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units, 2015 MYLTIP Units and 2016- 2017 MYLTIP Units required, and the 2017-20192018 - 2020 MYLTIP Units require, Boston Properties, Inc. to outperform absolute and relative return thresholds, unless such thresholds have been met by the end of the applicable reporting period, Boston Properties Limited Partnership excludes such units from the diluted earnings per common unit calculation. Other potentially dilutive common units and the related impact on earnings are considered when calculating diluted earnings per common unit. Included in the number of units (the denominator) below are approximately 17,606,00017,538,000 and 17,482,00017,606,000 redeemable common units for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, and 2018, respectively.
Three months ended March 31, 2019Three months ended March 31, 2020
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
 
Per Unit
Amount
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
 
Per Unit
Amount
(in thousands, except for per unit amounts)(in thousands, except for per unit amounts)
Basic Earnings:          
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$113,382
 172,131
 $0.66
$566,333
 172,549
 $3.28
Allocation of undistributed earnings to participating securities(1,126) 
 
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$565,207
 172,549
 $3.28
Effect of Dilutive Securities:          
Stock Based Compensation
 319
 

 247
 (0.01)
Diluted Earnings:          
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$113,382
 172,450
 $0.66
$565,207
 172,796
 $3.27
     
 Three months ended March 31, 2019
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
 
Per Unit
Amount
 (in thousands, except for per unit amounts)
Basic Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$113,382
 172,131
 $0.66
Effect of Dilutive Securities:     
Stock Based Compensation
 319
 
Diluted Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$113,382
 172,450
 $0.66
 Three months ended March 31, 2018
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
 
Per Unit
Amount
 (in thousands, except for per unit amounts)
Basic Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$200,907
 171,867
 $1.17
Allocation of undistributed earnings to participating securities(141) 
 
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$200,766
 171,867
 $1.17
Effect of Dilutive Securities:     
Stock Based Compensation
 320
 
Diluted Earnings:     
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$200,766
 172,187
 $1.17
      

10. Stock Option and Incentive Plan
On February 5, 2019,4, 2020, Boston Properties, Inc.’s Compensation Committee approved the 20192020 MYLTIP awards under the Boston Properties, Inc.’s 2012 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the "2012 Plan"“2012 Plan”) to certain officers and employees of Boston Properties, Inc. The 20192020 MYLTIP awards utilize Boston Properties, Inc.’s TSR over a three-yearthree-

year measurement period, on an annualized, compounded basis, as the performance metric. Earned awards will be based on Boston Properties, Inc.’s TSR relative to the FTSE Russell Nareit Office Index, adjusted to include Vornado Realty Trust. Earned awards will range from zero0 to a maximum of 220,734203,278 LTIP Units depending on Boston Properties, Inc.’s TSR relative to the FTSE Russell Nareit Office Index, adjusted to include Vornado Realty Trust, with a target of approximately 110,367101,638 LTIP Units and linear interpolation between zero and maximum. Earned awards (if any) will vest 50% on February 4, 20223, 2023 and 50% on February 4, 2023,3, 2024, based on continued employment. Vesting will be accelerated in the event of a change in control, termination of employment by Boston Properties, Inc. without cause, or termination of employment by the award recipient for good reason, death, disability or retirement. If there is a change of control prior to February 4, 2022,3, 2023, earned awards will be calculated based on TSR performance up to the date of the change of control. The 20192020 MYLTIP awards are in the form of LTIP Units issued on the grant date which (i) are subject to forfeiture to the extent awards are not earned and (ii) prior to the performance measurement date are only entitled to one-tenth (10%) of the regular quarterly distributions payable on common partnership units. Under ASC 718 "Compensation“Compensation - Stock Compensation",Compensation,” the 20192020 MYLTIP awards have an aggregate value of approximately $13.5$13.7 million, which amount will generally be amortized into earnings over the four-year plan period under the graded vesting method.
On February 9, 2019,6, 2020, the measurement period for the Company’s 20162017 MYLTIP awards ended and, based on Boston Properties, Inc.’s relative TSR performance, the final awards were determined to be 69.5%83.8% of target or an aggregate of approximately $13.6$17.6 million(after giving effect to voluntary employee separations). As a result, an aggregate of 364,980 2016270,942 2017 MYLTIP Units that had been previously granted were automatically forfeited.
During the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020, Boston Properties, Inc. issued 23,08324,503 shares of restricted common stock and Boston Properties Limited Partnership issued 172,166196,927 LTIP Units and 220,734 2019203,278 2020 MYLTIP Units to employees under the 2012 Plan. Employees paid $0.01 per share of restricted common stock and $0.25 per LTIP Unit and 20192020 MYLTIP Unit. When issued, LTIP Units are not economically equivalent in value to a share of Common Stock, but over time can increase in value to one-for-one parity with Common Stock if there is sufficient appreciation in the value of the Company’s assets. The aggregate value of the LTIP Units is included in noncontrolling interests in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.Sheets of Boston Properties, Inc. and Boston Properties Limited Partnership. A substantial majority of the grants of restricted common stock and LTIP Units to employees vest in four equal annual installments. Restricted common stock is measured at fair value on the date of grant based on the number of shares granted and the closing price of Boston Properties, Inc.’s Common Stock on the date of grant as quoted on the New York Stock Exchange. Such value is recognized as an expense ratably over the corresponding employee service period. The shares of restricted common stock granted during the three months ended March 31, 20192020 were valued at approximately $3.0$3.5 million ($131.23143.45 per share weighted-average). The LTIP Units granted were valued at approximately $20.9$25.5 million
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(approximately $121.41 (approximately $129.65 per unit weighted-average fair value) using a Monte Carlo simulation method model. The per unit fair values of the LTIP Units granted were estimated on the dates of grant and for a substantial majority of such units were valued using the following assumptions: an expected life of 5.7 years, a risk-free interest rate of 2.68%1.47% and an expected price volatility of 27.0%18.0%. Because the 2012 OPP Units, 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units, 2015 MYLTIP Units, 2016 MYLTIP Units, 2017 MYLTIP Units, 2018 MYLTIP Units, 2019 MYLTIP Units and 20192020 MYLTIP Units are subject to both a service condition and a market condition, the Company recognizes the related compensation expense under the graded vesting attribution method. Under the graded vesting attribution method, each portion of the award that vests at a different date is accounted for as a separate award and recognized over the period appropriate to that portion so that the compensation cost for each portion should be recognized in full by the time that portion vests. The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur on its awards of stock-based compensation. Dividends paid on both vested and unvested shares of restricted stock are charged directly to Dividends in Excess of Earnings in Boston Properties, Inc.’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and Partners’ Capital in Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Aggregate stock-based compensation expense associated with restricted stock, non-qualified stock options, LTIP Units, 2012 OPP Units, 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units, 2015 MYLTIP Units, 2016 MYLTIP Units, 2017 MYLTIP Units, 2018 MYLTIP Units, 2019 MYLTIP Units and 20192020 MYLTIP Units was approximately $14.8$17.2 million and $14.2$14.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively. At March 31, 2019,2020, there was (1) an aggregate of approximately $38.4$42.2 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock, LTIP Units and 20162017 MYLTIP Units and (2) an aggregate of approximately $22.6$19.8 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested 2017 MYLTIP Units, 2018 MYLTIP Units, 2019 MYLTIP Units and 20192020 MYLTIP Units that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.92.6 years.

11. Segment Information
The following tables present reconciliations of Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. Common Shareholders to the Company'sCompany’s share of Net Operating Income and Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership Common Unitholders to the Company'sCompany’s share of Net Operating Income for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018.
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2019.
Boston Properties, Inc.
 Three months ended March 31,
 2019 2018
 (in thousands)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$98,105
 $176,021
Add:   
Preferred dividends2,625
 2,625
Noncontrolling interest—common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership11,599
 20,432
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships18,830
 17,234
Interest expense101,009
 90,220
Impairment loss24,038
 
Net operating income from unconsolidated joint ventures25,349
 16,060
Depreciation and amortization expense164,594
 165,797
Transaction costs460
 21
Payroll and related costs from management services contracts3,395
 2,885
General and administrative expense41,762
 35,894
Less:   
Net operating income attributable to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships47,085
 45,909
Gains (losses) from investments in securities2,969
 (126)
Interest and other income3,753
 1,648
(Losses) gains on sales of real estate(905) 96,397
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures213
 461
Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts3,395
 2,885
Development and management services revenue9,277
 8,405
Company's share of Net Operating Income$425,979
 $371,610

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  Three months ended March 31,
  2020 2019
  (in thousands)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders $497,496
 $98,105
Add:    
Preferred dividends 2,625
 2,625
Noncontrolling interest—common units of the Operating Partnership 57,539
 11,599
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 19,486
 18,830
Interest expense 101,591
 101,009
Impairment loss 
 24,038
Net operating income from unconsolidated joint ventures 28,758
 25,349
Depreciation and amortization expense 171,094
 164,594
Transaction costs 615
 460
Payroll and related costs from management services contracts 3,237
 3,395
General and administrative expense 36,454
 41,762
Less:    
Net operating income attributable to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 47,661
 47,085
Gains (losses) from investments in securities (5,445) 2,969
Interest and other income 3,017
 3,753
Gains (losses) on sales of real estate 410,165
 (905)
Income (loss) from unconsolidated joint ventures (369) 213
Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts 3,237
 3,395
Development and management services revenue 7,879
 9,277
Company’s share of Net Operating Income $452,750
 $425,979

Boston Properties Limited Partnership
Three months ended March 31, Three months ended March 31,
2019 2018 2020 2019
(in thousands) (in thousands)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$113,382
 $200,907
 $566,333
 $113,382
Add:       
Preferred distributions2,625
 2,625
 2,625
 2,625
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships18,830
 17,234
 19,486
 18,830
Interest expense101,009
 90,220
 101,591
 101,009
Impairment loss22,272
 
 
 22,272
Net operating income from unconsolidated joint ventures25,349
 16,060
 28,758
 25,349
Depreciation and amortization expense162,682
 163,853
 169,285
 162,682
Transaction costs460
 21
 615
 460
Payroll and related costs from management services contracts3,395
 2,885
 3,237
 3,395
General and administrative expense41,762
 35,894
 36,454
 41,762
Less:       
Net operating income attributable to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships47,085
 45,909
 47,661
 47,085
Gains (losses) from investments in securities2,969
 (126) (5,445) 2,969
Interest and other income3,753
 1,648
 3,017
 3,753
(Losses) gains on sales of real estate(905) 98,907
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures213
 461
Gains (losses) on sales of real estate 419,654
 (905)
Income (loss) from unconsolidated joint ventures (369) 213
Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts3,395
 2,885
 3,237
 3,395
Development and management services revenue9,277
 8,405
 7,879
 9,277
Company's share of Net Operating Income$425,979
 $371,610
Company’s share of Net Operating Income $452,750
 $425,979
Net operating income (“NOI”) is a non-GAAP financial measure equal to net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders, as applicable, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, plus (1) preferred dividends/distributions, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, interest expense, impairment loss, depreciation and amortization expense, transaction costs, payroll and related costs from management services contracts and corporate general and administrative expense less (2) gains (losses) from investments in securities, interest and other income, gains (losses) gains on sales of real estate, income (loss) from unconsolidated joint ventures, direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts and development and management services revenue. The Company believes NOI is useful to investors as a performance measure and believes it provides useful information to investors regarding the Company'sits results of operations and financial condition because, when compared across periods, it reflects the impact on operations from trends in occupancy rates, rental rates, operating costs and acquisition and development activity on an unleveraged basis, providing perspective not immediately apparent from net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders. For example, interest expense is not necessarily linked to the operating performance of a real estate asset and is often incurred at the corporate level as opposed to the property level. Similarly, interest expense may be incurred at the property level even though the financing proceeds may be used at the corporate level (e.g., used for other investment activity). In addition, depreciation and amortization expense, because of historical cost accounting and useful life estimates, may distort operating performance measures at the property level. NOI presented by the Company may not be comparable to NOI reported by other REITs or real estate companies that define NOI differently.

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The Company'sCompany’s internal reporting utilizes its share of NOI, which includes its share of NOI from consolidated and unconsolidated joint ventures, which is a non-GAAP financial measure that is calculated as the consolidated

amount, plus the Company'sCompany’s share of the amount from the Company'sCompany’s unconsolidated joint ventures (calculated based upon the Company’s economic percentage ownership interest and, in some cases, after priority allocations), minus the Company’s partners’ share of the amount from the Company'sCompany’s consolidated joint ventures (calculated based upon the partners’ economic percentage ownership interests and, in some cases, after priority allocations, income allocation to private REIT shareholders and their share of fees due to the Company). The Company’s share of NOI from unconsolidated joint ventures does not include its share of gains on sale of real estate from unconsolidated joint ventures, which is included within Income (Loss) From Unconsolidated Joint Ventures in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.  Management utilizes its share of NOI in assessing its performance as the Company has several significant joint ventures and, in some cases, the Company exercises significant influence over, but does not control, the joint venture, in which case GAAP requires that the Company account for the joint venture entity using the equity method of accounting and the Company does not consolidate it for financial reporting purposes. In other cases, GAAP requires that the Company consolidate the venture even though the Company'sCompany’s partner(s) owns a significant percentage interest. As a result, the presentations of the Company’s share of NOI should not be considered a substitute for, and should only be considered together with and as a supplement to, the Company'sCompany’s financial information presented in accordance with GAAP.
Asset information by segment is not reported because the Company does not use this measure to assess performance. Therefore, depreciation and amortization expense is not allocated among segments. Preferred dividends/distributions, interest expense, impairment loss, depreciation and amortization expense, transaction costs, payroll and related costs from management services contracts, corporate general and administrative expense, gains (losses) from investments in securities, interest and other income, gains (losses) gains on sales of real estate, direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts and development and management services revenue are not included in NOI and are provided as reconciling items to the Company'sCompany’s reconciliations of its share of NOI to net income attributable to common shareholders/unitholders.
The Company’s segments are based on the Company’s method of internal reporting which classifies its operations by geographic area. The Company’s segments by geographic area are Boston, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco and Washington, DC. The Company also presents information for each segment by property type, including Office, Residential and Hotel.
The Company has modifiedIncluded within the presentation of its geographic area classification for all periods presented to include the Los Angeles geographic area to align with its method of internal reporting. The Company has expanded its presence in the Los Angeles geographic area with its equity method investment in Santa Monica Business Park located in Santa Monica, California. The Company now has equity interests in a portfolio of 27Office property type are commercial office and retail propertiesleases, as well as parking revenue.  Upon the adoption of ASC 842, any write-off for bad debt, including accrued rent, will be shown as a reduction to lease revenue.  The degree to which our commercial and retail tenants’ and parking operators’ businesses are or will continue to be negatively impacted by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic by measures intended to reduce its spread, such as mandatory business closures and “stay-at-home” orders, could result in a reduction in the Los Angeles geographic area aggregating approximately 2.3 million net rentable square feet, allCompany’s cash flows or require that the Company write-off a tenant’s accrued rent balance, and this could have a material adverse effect on lease revenue and thus the results of which are owned through investments in unconsolidated joint ventures. The Company is now presenting the Los Angeles geographic area as a reportable segment to align with its method of internal reporting given the increased significanceCompany’s Office property type. 
In addition, as a result of commencingCOVID-19, the Boston Marriott Cambridge was closed in March 2020.  The Company is uncertain as to when the hotel will re-open, and the continued closure is expected to have a full reporting period of ownershipmaterial impact on the hotel’s operations and thus the results of the Santa Monica Business Park portfolio. The inclusion of the Los Angeles geographic area has also resulted in a change in the reported measure of segment profit or loss from NOI to the Company's share of NOI. This change has been reflected in all periods presented and the impact of the change can been seen within the tables below. The Company has not presented rental revenue and rental expensesCompany’s Hotel property type.  See Item 1A: “Risk Factors” for properties owned through investments in unconsolidated joint ventures, including those in the Los Angeles geographic area, as the Company accounts for these properties using the equity method of accounting.
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additional details.

Information by geographic area and property type (dollars in thousands):
For the three months ended March 31, 2019:2020:
Boston Los Angeles New York San Francisco Washington, DC TotalBoston Los Angeles New York San Francisco Washington, DC Total
Rental Revenue: (1)                      
Office$217,411
 $
 $258,631
 $124,055
 $96,345
 $696,442
$239,498
 $
 $255,286
 $136,739
 $93,136
 $724,659
Residential2,701
 
 
 
 5,014
 7,715
4,068
 
 
 
 5,888
 9,956
Hotel8,938
 
 
 
 
 8,938
6,825
 
 
 
 
 6,825
Total229,050
 
 258,631
 124,055
 101,359
 713,095
250,391
 
 255,286
 136,739
 99,024
 741,440
% of Grand Totals32.12% % 36.27% 17.40% 14.21% 100.00%33.77% % 34.43% 18.44% 13.36% 100.00%
Rental Expenses:                      
Office79,500
 
 96,971
 41,125
 36,147
 253,743
82,545
 
 99,140
 42,569
 34,648
 258,902
Residential1,206
 
 
 
 2,568
 3,774
1,340
 
 
 
 2,724
 4,064
Hotel7,863
 
 
 
 
 7,863
6,821
 
 
 
 
 6,821
Total88,569
 
 96,971
 41,125
 38,715
 265,380
90,706
 
 99,140
 42,569
 37,372
 269,787
% of Grand Totals33.37% % 36.54% 15.50% 14.59% 100.00%33.62% % 36.75% 15.78% 13.85% 100.00%
Net operating income$140,481
 $
 $161,660
 $82,930
 $62,644
 $447,715
$159,685
 $
 $156,146
 $94,170
 $61,652
 $471,653
% of Grand Totals31.38% % 36.11% 18.52% 13.99% 100.00%33.85% % 33.11% 19.97% 13.07% 100.00%
Less: Net operating income attributable to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships(9,373) 
 (37,264) (448) 
 (47,085)(10,663) 
 (36,998) 
 
 (47,661)
Add: Company's share of net operating income from unconsolidated joint ventures772
 15,708
 1,786
 
 7,083
 25,349
Company's share of net operating income$131,880
 $15,708
 $126,182
 $82,482
 $69,727
 $425,979
Add: Company’s share of net operating income from unconsolidated joint ventures3,099
 15,930
 756
 3,159
 5,814
 28,758
Company’s share of net operating income$152,121
 $15,930
 $119,904
 $97,329
 $67,466
 $452,750
% of Grand Totals30.96% 3.69% 29.62% 19.36% 16.37% 100.00%33.60% 3.52% 26.48% 21.50% 14.90% 100.00%
  _______________
(1)Rental Revenue is equal to totalTotal Revenue per the Company'sCompany’s Consolidated Statements of Operations, less Development and Management Services Revenue and Direct Reimbursements of Payroll and Related Costs from Management Services Contracts Revenue per the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

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For the three months ended March 31, 2018:2019:
Boston Los Angeles New York San Francisco Washington, DC TotalBoston Los Angeles New York San Francisco Washington, DC Total
Rental Revenue: (1)                      
Office$204,997
 $
 $242,398
 $89,893
 $99,312
 $636,600
$217,411
 $
 $258,631
 $124,055
 $96,345
 $696,442
Residential1,152
 
 
 
 3,007
 4,159
2,701
 
 
 
 5,014
 7,715
Hotel9,102
 
 
 
 
 9,102
8,938
 
 
 
 
 8,938
Total215,251


 242,398
 89,893
 102,319
 649,861
229,050
 
 258,631
 124,055
 101,359
 713,095
% of Grand Totals33.12% % 37.31% 13.83% 15.74% 100.00%32.12% % 36.27% 17.40% 14.21% 100.00%
Rental Expenses:                      
Office80,324
 
 93,762
 27,628
 36,343
 238,057
79,500
 
 96,971
 41,125
 36,147
 253,743
Residential514
 
 
 
 1,758
 2,272
1,206
 
 
 
 2,568
 3,774
Hotel8,073
 
 
 
 
 8,073
7,863
 
 
 
 
 7,863
Total88,911


 93,762
 27,628
 38,101
 248,402
88,569
 
 96,971
 41,125
 38,715
 265,380
% of Grand Totals35.79% % 37.75% 11.12% 15.34% 100.00%33.37% % 36.54% 15.50% 14.59% 100.00%
Net operating income$126,340

$
 $148,636
 $62,265
 $64,218
 $401,459
$140,481
 $
 $161,660
 $82,930
 $62,644
 $447,715
% of Grand Totals31.47% % 37.02% 15.51% 16.00% 100.00%31.38% % 36.11% 18.52% 13.99% 100.00%
Less: Net operating income attributable to noncontrolling interests in property partnerships(8,129) 
 (37,946) 166
 
 (45,909)(9,373) 
 (37,264) (448) 
 (47,085)
Add: Company's share of net operating income from unconsolidated joint ventures534
 7,074
 1,661
 
 6,791
 16,060
Company's share of net operating income$118,745

$7,074

$112,351

$62,431

$71,009
 $371,610
Add: Company’s share of net operating income from unconsolidated joint ventures772
 15,708
 1,786
 
 7,083
 25,349
Company’s share of net operating income$131,880
 $15,708
 $126,182
 $82,482
 $69,727
 $425,979
% of Grand Totals31.96% 1.90% 30.23% 16.80% 19.11% 100.00%30.96% 3.69% 29.62% 19.36% 16.37% 100.00%
  _______________
(1)Rental Revenue is equal to total Revenue per the Company'sCompany’s Consolidated Statements of Operations, less Development and Management Services Revenue and Direct Reimbursements of Payroll and Related Costs from Management Services Contracts Revenue per the Consolidated Statements of Operations.



12. Subsequent Events
There are many uncertainties regarding COVID-19, and the Company is closely monitoring the impact of the pandemic on all aspects of its business, including how it will impact its tenants, employees, contractors, lenders, suppliers, vendors and joint venture partners. The Company is unable to predict the impact that COVID-19 will have on its future financial position and operating results due to numerous uncertainties.
The Company has received requests from many of its retail and some of its office tenants seeking either rent concessions, deferrals, rent abatements related to lease provision interpretations, or other relief, in each case, as a result of COVID-19. The Company is evaluating these requests on a case-by-case basis and is considering a number of factors to determine the appropriate response. The Company expects to continue to assess the evolving impact of COVID-19 and intends to make adjustments to its responses accordingly.
On April 1, 2019, the Company completed the acquisition of its partner's 5% ownership interest and promoted profits interest in the consolidated entity that owns Salesforce Tower located in San Francisco, California for cash totaling approximately $210.9 million, which amount was reduced by approximately $24.1 million, consisting of the repayment of the Company's preferred equity and preferred return in the venture. The partner was entitled to receive an additional promoted payment based on the success of the property. Salesforce Tower is an approximately 1,421,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property (See Note 7).
On April 18, 2019, the Company entered into an agreement to sell its One Tower Center property located in East Brunswick, New Jersey for a gross sale price of approximately $38.0 million. One Tower Center is an approximately 410,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property. The closing is subject to customary closing conditions and termination rights for transactions of this type. There can be no assurance that the sale will be completed on the terms currently contemplated or at all (See Note 3).
On April 26, 2019,22, 2020, a joint venture in which the Company has a 50%20% interest obtained construction financing with a total commitment of $255.0 millionextended the mortgage loan collateralized by its 7750 Wisconsin Avenue development projectMetropolitan Square located in Bethesda, Maryland.Washington, DC. At the time of the extension, the outstanding balance of the loan totaled approximately $156.4 million and was scheduled to mature on May 5, 2020. The construction financing bearsextended loan continues to bear interest at a variablefixed rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.25%of 5.75% per annum and matures on April 26, 2023, with two, one-year extension options, subject to certain conditions. There have been no amounts drawn under the loan to date. 7750 Wisconsin AvenueAugust 5, 2020. Metropolitan Square is a 734,000Class A office property with approximately 654,000 net rentable square foot build-to-suit Class A office projectfeet.

On May 5, 2020, Boston Properties Limited Partnership completed a public offering of $1.25 billion in aggregate principal amount of its 3.250% unsecured senior notes due 2031. The notes were priced at 99.850% of the principal amount to yield an effective rate (including financing fees) of approximately 3.343% per annum to maturity. The notes will mature on January 30, 2031, unless earlier redeemed. The aggregate net proceeds from the offering were approximately $1.24 billion after deducting underwriting discounts and below-grade parking garage.
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estimated transaction expenses.

ITEM 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report.
TheseThis Quarterly ReportsReport on Form 10-Q, including the documents incorporated by reference, contains forward-lookingcontain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We intend these forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and are including this statement for purposes of complying with those safe harbor provisions.provisions, in each case, to the extent applicable. Such statements are contained principally, but not only, under the captions “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” We caution investors that any such forward-looking statements are based on current beliefs or expectations of future events and on assumptions made by, and information currently available to, our management. When used, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “budget,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “project,” “should,” “will” and similar expressions whichthat do not relate solely to historical matters are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions and are not guarantees of future performance or occurrences, which may be affected by known and unknown risks, trends, uncertainties and factors that are, in some cases, beyond our control. Should one or more of these known or unknown risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, estimatedexpressed or projectedimplied by the forward-looking statements. We caution you that, while forward-looking statements reflect our good-faith beliefs when we make them, they are not guarantees of future performance or occurrences and are impacted by actual events when they occur after we make such statements. Accordingly, investors should use caution in relying on forward-looking statements, which are based on results and trends at the time they are made, to anticipate future results or trends.
One of the most significant factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements is the ongoing impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic on the U.S. and global economies, which has impacted, and is likely to continue to impact, us and, directly or indirectly, many of the other important factors below and the risks described in (i) our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 including those described under the caption “Risk Factors,” (ii) our subsequent filings under the Exchange Act and (iii) the risk factors set forth in this Form 10-Q in Part II, Item 1A.
Some of the risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements include, among others, the following:
if there is a negative change in the economy, including, but not limited to, a reversal of current job growth trends and an increase in unemployment, it could have a negative effect on the following, among other things:
the fundamentalsrisks and uncertainties related to the impact of the COVID-19 global pandemic, including the duration, scope and severity of the pandemic domestically and internationally; federal, state and local government actions or restrictive measures implemented in response to COVID-19, the effectiveness of such measures and the direct and indirect impact of such measures on our and our tenants' businesses, financial condition, results of operation, cash flows, liquidity and performance, and the U.S. and international economy and economic activity generally; whether new or existing actions and measures continue to result in increasing unemployment that impacts the ability of our business, including overall market occupancy, tenant space utilizationresidential tenants to generate sufficient income to pay, or make them unwilling to pay rent in a timely manner, in full or at all; the health, continued service and rental rates;
the financial conditionavailability of our personnel, including our key personnel and property management teams; and the effectiveness or lack of effectiveness of governmental relief in providing assistance to individuals and large and small businesses, including our tenants, many of which are financial, legal, media/telecommunication, technology and other professional firms, our lenders, counterparties to our derivative financial instruments and institutions that hold our cash balances and short-term investments, which may expose us to increased risks of default by these parties; and
the value of our real estate assets, which may limit our ability to dispose of assets at attractive prices or obtain or maintain debt financing secured by our properties or on an unsecured basis;have suffered significant adverse effects from COVID-19;
volatile or adverse global economic and political conditions, health crises and dislocations in the credit markets could adversely affect our access to cost-effective capital and have a resulting material adverse effect on our business opportunities, results of operations and financial condition;
general risks affecting the real estate industry (including, without limitation, the inability to enter into or renew leases, tenant space utilization, dependence on tenants’ financial condition, and competition from other developers, owners and operators of real estate);
general risks affecting the real estate industry (including, without limitation, the inability to enter into or renew leases, tenant space utilization, dependence on tenants’ financial condition, and competition from other developers, owners and operators of real estate);
failure to manage effectively our growth and expansion into new markets and sub-markets or to integrate acquisitions and developments successfully;
the ability of our joint venture partners to satisfy their obligations;

risks and uncertainties affecting property development and construction (including, without limitation, construction delays, increased construction costs, cost overruns, inability to obtain necessary permits, tenant accounting considerations that may result in negotiated lease provisions that limit a tenant’s liability during construction, and public opposition to such activities);
risks associated with the availability and terms of financing and the use of debt to fund acquisitions and developments or refinance existing indebtedness, including the impact of higher interest rates on the cost and/or availability of financing;
risks associated with forward interest rate contracts and the effectiveness of such arrangements;

risks associated with downturns in the national and local economies, increases in interest rates, and volatility in the securities markets;
risks associated with actual or threatened terrorist attacks;
costs of compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act and other similar laws;
potential liability for uninsured losses and environmental contamination;
risks associated with the physical effects of climate change;
risks associated with security breaches through cyber attacks, cyber intrusions or otherwise, as well as other significant disruptions of our information technology (IT) networks and related systems, which support our operations and our buildings;
risks associated with BXP’s potential failure to qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;
possible adverse changes in tax and environmental laws;
the impact of newly adopted accounting principles on our accounting policies and on period-to-period comparisons of financial results;
risks associated with possible state and local tax audits;
risks associated with our dependence on key personnel whose continued service is not guaranteed; and
the other risk factors identified in our most recently filed Annual ReportsReport on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 or described herein, including those described under the caption “Risk Factors.”
The risks set forth above are not exhaustive. Other sections of this report may include additional factors that could adversely affect our business and financial performance. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment.environment, particularly in light of the rapidly developing circumstances relating to COVID-19. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for management to predict all risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results. Investors should also refer to our most recent Annual ReportsReport on Form 10-K and our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for future periods and Current Reports on Form 8-K as we file them with the SEC, and to other materials we may furnish to the public from time to time through Current Reports on Form 8-K or otherwise, for a discussion of risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements. We expressly disclaim any responsibility to update any forward-looking statements to reflect changes in underlying assumptions or factors, new information, future events, or otherwise, and you should not rely upon these forward-looking statements after the date of this report.
Overview
BXP is one of the largest publicly-traded office real estate investment trusttrusts (REIT) (based on total market capitalization) as of March 31, 2020 in the United States that develops, owns and manages primarily Class A office properties in the U.S., concentrated in five markets in the United States - Boston, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco and Washington, DC. BXP is a fully integrated real estate company, organized as a REIT. BPLP is the entity through which BXP conducts substantially all of its business and owns (either directly or through subsidiaries) substantially all of its assets. We generate revenue and cash primarily by leasing Class A office space to our tenants. When making leasing decisions, we consider, among other things, the

creditworthiness of the tenant, the length of the lease, the rental rate to be paid at inception and throughout the lease term, the costs of tenant improvements and other landlord concessions, anticipated operating expenses and real estate taxes, current and anticipated vacancy, current and expected future demand for the space, the impact of any expansion rights and general economic factors.
Our core strategy has always been to develop, acquire and manage high-quality properties in supply-constrained markets with high barriers-to-entry and to focus on executing long-term leases with financially strong tenants. Our tenant base is diverse across market sectors and the averageweighted-average lease term for our in-service officein-place leases was approximately 7.68.3 years, as of March 31, 2019,2020, including leases signed byat our unconsolidated joint ventures. The weighted-average lease term for our top 20 office tenant leases was approximately 11.9 years. Historically, these factors have minimized our exposure in weaker economic cycles and enhanced revenues as market conditions improve. To be successful in any leasing environment, we believe we must consider all aspects of the tenant-landlord relationship. In this regard, we believe that our competitive advantage is based on the following attributes:


our understanding of tenants’ short- and long-term space utilization and amenity needs in the local markets;
our reputation as a premier developer, owner and manager of primarily Class A office properties;
our financial strength and our ability to maintain high building standards;
our focus on developing and operating in a sustainable and responsible manner; and
our relationships with local brokers.
Outlook
Macroeconomic conditions remain stable and overall favorable for our Company inIn the first quarter of 2019. Initial2020 macroeconomic conditions were favorable and positive until COVID-19 began to escalate into a national and global pandemic in mid-March. In the first two months of the quarter, U.S. GDP growth estimatesremained stable and job creation remained steady. Starting in March, COVID-19 caused a precipitous drop in economic activity globally with significant negative impacts on businesses across the U.S. As the number of unemployment claims rose and the economy slowed, the Federal Reserve and U.S. Treasury implemented aggressive monetary and fiscal stimulus policies, including the CARES Act, to bring needed financial support to small businesses, individuals and industries most affected by the crisis. Also, the Federal Reserve quickly reduced the federal funds rate to zero.
The effects of COVID-19 began to have an impact on us and our tenants near the end of the first quarter. As governments across all of our regions implemented social distancing and stay-at-home policies, we and our tenants migrated employees to a work-from-home model. All office properties throughout our portfolio remain open for tenants, although physical occupancy remains low due to these measures. By the end of March, construction of our development projects paused in Boston, New York and San Francisco to comply with municipal social distancing policies, although construction continued in the Washington, DC region. Despite the work-stoppages at our development projects, we remain on schedule to meet all required delivery milestones in our leases and within budget. Our broad and deep experience as developers extends to our budgeting and planning, which have left us with ample time in our development schedules. However, we cannot be certain that work-stoppages will not extend beyond current expectations or, if they do, that we will meet the milestones and budgets. Leasing discussions remained active for leases that were in negotiation prior to COVID-19, but we have experienced a decrease in new leasing requirements and physical tours are on hold.
Our most important activity at this time is planning for the health and safety of our tenants and employees and preparing our buildings in accordance with the policies, protocols and applicable legal requirements in our regions. In early April 2020, we formed an internal Health Security Task force composed of Boston Properties’ employees, as well as outside experts in health care, industrial hygiene, cleaning and security. We designed standard operating procedures that include, but are not limited to, air filtration, water quality, janitorial products and procedures, social separation and screening during building access and use of vertical transportation, the use of personal protective equipment, signage, and management of construction activities. We began communicating the operating procedures with tenants in early May.

Rent Collections
Cash rent payments for a particular month are generally due on the first quarterday of that month (although tenants have varying grace periods). Cash rent amounts are based on all rent billed by us, including all amounts from consolidated operations and all unconsolidated joint ventures, other than Gateway Commons for which we do not handle billing.
Our April 2020 rent collections among all tenants were 3.2%approximately 93%, surpassinga reduction from prior estimates. Job creation remains steadylevels as the U.S. economy created approximately 540,000 jobsa result of COVID-19, primarily due to certain retail tenants.  Collections from our office tenants in April remained strong.  During the first quarter of 20192020, approximately 87% of the aggregate amount of our consolidated revenues were derived from office leases. For the month of April, we collected approximately 97% of our total commercial rent payments due April 1 from office tenants. In some of these cases, the tenant paid its rent, but reserved its right to assert that the terms of its lease do not require the tenant to pay. Office tenants in the flexible office use and the unemployment rate remained near 50-year lows at 3.8%. The Federal Reserve has indicated it will not raise interest ratesmanufacturing/retail industries, which represent 3% and 5% of our office rents, respectively, present a heightened concern for rent collection, as we collected approximately 78% and 73%, respectively, from these tenants for the foreseeable future. month of April. Unpaid April rent was approximately $1.3 million and $2.9 million for flexible office and manufacturing/retail, respectively. In addition, our share of the accrued rent for tenants in these groups is approximately $3.9 million and $7.2 million, respectively. For clarity, manufacturing/retail includes retail and consumer products office tenants.
In addition, during the first quarter of 2020, approximately 7.2% of the aggregate amount of our consolidated revenues were derived from retail leases. For the month of April, we collected approximately 36% of our total commercial rent payments due from retail tenants for rents due April 1. We are actively working on lease amendments with retail tenants in this category that we believe have justifiable financial needs.  Of the retail tenants that did not pay rent for April, our share of the accrued rent balance for these tenants is approximately $25.1 million.
We continue to analyze our accounts receivable, tenant creditworthiness and current economic trends to evaluate the adequacy of the collectability of our tenants’ total accounts receivable balances, including lease revenue, and if considered uncollectible, we will write-off the receivable and accrued rent balances associated with the leases, and record future lease revenue on a cash basis.
During 2019, our total parking revenue was approximately $100 million and our share of total parking revenue from unconsolidated joint ventures was approximately $13 million. Approximately $40 million of this aggregate amount of consolidated and unconsolidated parking revenue was derived from hourly/daily parking. The remainder of the aggregate amount of parking revenue was derived from monthly parking revenues, some of which are contractual agreements embedded in our leases, and some are at will individual agreements. In April, with stay-at-home orders and business closures, we generated minimal hourly/daily parking revenue and this trend may continue for as long as these stay-at-home orders and business closures continue.
Approximately 2% of our total revenue in 2019 was from our hotel, the Boston Marriott Cambridge. The hotel property has been closed since March 22, 2020 and is currently running at a monthly deficit. It is unclear when the hotel will open.
As a result of the 10-year Treasury rate has been steady at approximately 2.5%.impact of the current environment, we expect our 2020 revenues to be impacted from (1) lower collections, primarily from our retail tenants, parking and hotel operators, (2) a slowdown in new leasing activity for vacant and expiring space and (3) delayed revenue recognition related to tenants who are currently building out space as a result of construction delays.
These conditions and trendsDespite the near-term challenges of COVID-19, we remain confident in our particular marketsability to weather the current market downturn and the continued success ofmanage our development and leasing efforts leaves us optimistic for our industry generally and our Company in particular. business throughout uncertain future market conditions.
As a leading developer, owner and manager of marquee Class A office properties in the U.S., our priorities during and following COVID-19 remain focused on the following:
ensuring tenant satisfaction;satisfaction by keeping our properties safe, open and available for occupancy;
implementing measures to ensure tenant and employee health security;
communicating openly with tenants to provide assurance before and during re-occupancy;
leasing available space in our in-service and development properties, as well as proactively focusing on sizable future lease expirations;properties;
resuming and completing the construction of our development properties;properties as conditions allow;

continuing and completing the redevelopment and repositioning of several key properties to increase future revenue and asset values over the long-term;
maintaining our conservative balance sheet and managing our near-term debt maturities;
actively managing our operations in a safe, sustainable and responsible manner; and
maintaining discipline in our underwriting of investment opportunities by (1) seeking significant pre-leasing commitments before beginning new construction,opportunities.
Following is an overview of portfolio activity and (2) targeting acquisitionleasing activity in non-stabilized assets near innovation centers where we see favorable prospects for overall growththe first quarter of 2020, recognizing that both leasing activities and construction activities had slowed in the majority of our operational expertise can create value;
managing our near-term debt maturities and maintaining our conservative balance sheet; and
actively managing our operations in a sustainable and responsible manner.regions by the end of the first quarter due to COVID-19.
The overall occupancy of our in-service office and retail properties was 92.9% at March 31, 2019, an increase2020, a slight decrease of 15010 basis points from 91.4% atas compared to December 31, 2018.2019. During the first quarter of 2020, we signed leases across our portfolio totaling approximately 1.5 million702,000 square feet and we commenced revenue recognition on approximately 1.6 million995,000 square feet of leases in second generation space. Of these second generation leases, approximately 1.3 million727,000 square feet had been vacant for less than one year and, in the aggregate, they represent an increase in net rental obligations (gross rent less operating expenses) of approximately 9.4%93% over the prior leases.
Our investment strategy remains unchanged. We will continue to invest primarily The increase in higher-yielding new development opportunities with significant pre-leasing commitments. Other than possible acquisitionsnet rental obligations included the commencement of “value-add” assets that require lease-up or repositioning, and acquisitions that are otherwise consistent with our long-term strategy, development remains our core strategy and focus in this current economic environment.
As of March 31, 2019, our construction/redevelopment pipeline consisted of 11 projects that, when completed, we expect will total approximately 5.3 million net rentable square feet. Our share of the estimated total cost for these projects is approximately $2.7 billion, of which approximately $1.5 billion of equity remains to be invested as of March 31, 2019. Approximately 78% of the commercial space in these development projects was pre-leased as of May 2, 2019.
We also expect to commence development in 2019 on additional development projects that we expect will support approximately 869,000 square feet upon completion.

We expect to commence development at 2100 Pennsylvania Avenue, a 469,000 square foot Class A office building locatedretail lease in the central business district (“CBD”) of Washington, DC. The building is 66% pre-leased and will be an estimated $360 million investment.
AlsoNew York region that had a significant impact on net rents. Excluding this lease, increase in 2019, we plan to begin the redevelopment of 325 Main Street in Kendall Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts following the announcement,net rental obligations in the first quarter of 2019, of the execution of a long-term lease agreement with Google. The current 115,000 square foot building will be replaced with a new 400,000 square foot office tower. Total incremental project costs are estimated to be approximately $415 million. As part of the local zoning requirements, we also plan to develop, at a later date, a residential building of at least 200,000 square feet with2020 was 25% of the units designated for affordable housing.
As we continue to focus on our strategy of developing and acquiring assets to enhance our long-term growth, we also continually review our portfolio to identify properties as potential sales candidates because they may either no longer fit within our portfolio strategy or they could attract premium pricing in the current market environment. For example, during the first quarter of 2019, we completed the sale of 2600 Tower Oaks Boulevard, a 179,000 square foot property in Rockville, Maryland, for a gross sale price of approximately $23 million. Subsequent to March 31, 2019, we also entered into an agreement to sell One Tower Center, a 410,000 square foot office property in East Brunswick, New Jersey for a gross sale price of $38 million. This non-core property was 39% leased as of March 31, 2019, is geographically isolated from our other assets and had no synergies with the remainder of the portfolio. In addition, during the first quarter of 2019, we and our partners have commenced marketing activities for the sale of 540 Madison Avenue, a 284,000 square foot office property located in Midtown Manhattan. We own a 60% interest in the joint venture that owns 540 Madison Avenue. We expect to continue to sell select non-core assets in 2019, subject to market conditions..
A brief overview of each of our markets follows:follows.
Boston
The leasing market in the greaterOur Boston region remains active and strong. The Boston CBD sub-market continues to be driven by demand from traditional financial and professional services tenants, a strong flowcentral business district (“CBD”) in-service portfolio was approximately 99% leased as of new and expanding technology and life science companies and an ongoing trend of urbanization.March 31, 2020. During the first quarter of 2019,2020, we executed approximately 485,00093,000 square feet of leases commencedand had approximately 267,000 square feet of leases commence in the Boston region. Of theseApproximately 183,000 square feet of the leases approximately 350,000 square feetthat commenced had been vacant for less than one year and represent an increase in net rental obligations (gross rent less operating expenses) of approximately 12%43% over the prior leases. For the majority of the first quarter of 2020, we continued development of 100 Causeway Street, an approximately 632,000 net rentable square foot office tower located in Boston, Massachusetts, of which we own 50%, that is 95% pre-leased, as of May 5, 2020.
Our approximately 1.62.0 million square foot in-service office portfolio in Cambridge is dominated by large users, is approximately 97%was 99.5% leased, and continues to generate strong rental rates. We are also actively working to meet tenant demand through increasing density and redevelopment.as of March 31, 2020. For example, we entered into a lease with Google to extend and expand 450,000 square feetthe majority of lease space for 15 years and to construct a new 400,000 square foot office tower at 325 Main Street co-terminus with their extension. In the aggregate, Google will lease more than 800,000 square feet on a long-term basis.
In the suburban Waltham/Lexington sub-market, we continue to experience significant demand within our existing tenant base and from other tenants in the market, particularly from technology and life-science companies, seeking space to accommodate their expanding workforces.
The primary challenge we have in our Boston portfolio is the lack of available space to meet tenant demand. As a result, we are focused on future lease expirations and, subsequent to the first quarter of 2019,2020, we signed an early renewalcontinued the development of 325 Main Street at Kendall Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts, which is 90% pre-leased to a tenant for 545,000 square feet witha term of 15 years.
In our tenant Bank of America at 100 Federal Street and are working on additional renewals that are expected to result in increases in future rents. Rents in Boston, Cambridge and the suburban Waltham/Lexington market haveportfolio, we continued the redevelopment of a portion of 200 West Street, an approximately 261,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property in Waltham, Massachusetts. The redevelopment is a conversion of a portion of the property to experience strong increaseslaboratory space to meet growing demand in rental rates alongthe life sciences sector.
Construction of our Boston and Cambridge developments/redevelopments has temporarily stopped to comply with declines in concessions.the social distancing policies and directives of the cities.
Los Angeles
The market inOur Los Angeles (“LA”), particularly in portfolio is currently focused on West LA remains strong. Ourand includes an approximately 1.1 million square foot property, Colorado Center, complex, of which we own 50%, is approximately 99% leased.
Our 21-buildingand Santa Monica Business Park, a 21-building, approximately 1.2 million square foot property of which we own 55%, is approximately 93% leased.. We believe both properties provide us with ample opportunity for future growth, as a majority of the current leases are at below-market rents.

We willMarch 31, 2020, our LA in-service properties was approximately 96% leased. Depending on market conditions, we expect to continue to explore opportunities to increase our presence in the LA market by seeking investments where our financial, operational, redevelopment and development expertise provide the opportunity to achieve accretive returns.

New York
DuringAs of March 31, 2020, our New York CBD in-service portfolio was approximately 96% leased. In the first quarter of 2019,2020, we increased CBD occupancy 270 basis points to 94.5% from 91.8%, as of December 31, 2018, andcommenced approximately 775,000263,000 square feet of leases commenced in the New York region. This included approximately 250,000 square feet of leases at our 399 Park Avenue property which is now approximately 93% leased, including leases with future commencement dates.
While rental growth rates in New York remain muted due to increased supply, leasing activity remains strong due to ongoing demand for high quality office space, particularly in midtown Manhattan.  We continue to expect modest rent growth in most of our New York submarkets and stable tenant improvement allowances.
San Francisco
The San Francisco CBD leasing market remains healthy and among the strongest markets in the U.S. with market absorption at historic highs. With no new uncommitted development projects anticipated in the San Francisco CBD through 2023, combined with low vacancy and few available large blocks of sublease space, tenants have few options, which has created a supply and demand imbalance. We expect these fundamentals to continue. During the first quarter of 2019, approximately 380,000 square feet of leases commenced in the San Francisco region. Of these leases, approximately 162,000143,000 square feet had been vacant for less than one year and represent an increase in net rental obligations (gross rentof approximately 205% over the prior leases. Excluding the commencement of a retail lease that had a significant impact on leases, the increase in net rental obligations was 3.9%. Although the pace of new leasing activities in our New York region slowed by the end of the first quarter due to COVID-19, in April 2020, we signed an approximately 24,000 square foot lease at 399 Park Avenue bringing the office portion of that property to 100% leased, and we also signed an approximately 27,000 square foot lease at Times Square Tower with a law firm.
San Francisco
Our San Francisco CBD in-service properties were approximately 98% leased as of March 31, 2020. During the first quarter of 2020, we commenced approximately 169,000 square feet of leases in the San Francisco region. Of these leases, approximately 111,000 square feet had been vacant for less operating expenses)than one year and represent an increase in net rental obligations of 51%approximately 50% over the prior leases.
In our Silicon Valley portfolio, on February 20, 2020, we completed the acquisition of land underlying the ground lease at Platform 16 in San Jose. Platform 16 is a joint venture in which we own 55% and consists of a parcel of land totaling approximately 5.6 acres that is expected to support the development of approximately 1.1 million square feet of commercial office space. On January 28, 2020, the joint venture commenced site preparation work at Platform 16. Due to the uncertainty related to COVID-19, and in consultation with our partner, the joint venture has paused construction activities and will revisit its plans once the economic impact of COVID-19 becomes clearer.
On January 28, 2020, we entered into a joint venture with a partner to own, operate and develop approximately 1.1 million square feet of existing office and lab properties in South San Francisco, California, with the opportunity for approximately 640,000 square feet of additional future development.  Upon completion, the joint venture is expected to own an approximately 1.7 million square foot life sciences campus, including a mix of office and lab buildings.  Under the joint venture agreement, we contributed 601, 611 and 651 Gateway Boulevard, three existing office properties that total approximately 768,000 net rentable square feet, and developable land for our 50% ownership interest in the joint venture.  The partner contributed approximately 313,000 square feet of properties (including one property under construction) consisting of lab, office and amenity buildings, and developable land and will contribute cash totaling approximately $69.2 million in the future for its 50% ownership interest in the joint venture.  As a result of the partner’s deferred contribution, we have an initial approximately 55% interest in the joint venture. The South San Francisco market has experienced strong demand from companies in the life sciences sector. Depending on market conditions, we expect this joint venture will allow us to expand the amount of developable land on the combined site and efficiently capitalize on tenant demand in the life sciences sector.
Washington, DC
Market conditions in the Washington, DC CBD have not changed in any meaningful way over the past few quarters. In the Washington, DC region, our focus remains on (1) expanding our development potential in Reston, Virginia, where demand from technology and cybersecurity tenants remains strong, (2) divesting of assets in Washington, DC and select suburban markets and (3) matching development sites with tenants to begin development with significant pre-leasing commitments, (2) expanding our development potentialcommitments. During the first quarter of 2020, we commenced approximately 600,000 square feet of leases in Reston, Virginia and (3) divesting of non-core assets.
Leasing activity inthe Washington, DC CBD remains very competitive primarily because there hasregion. Of these leases, approximately 275,000 square feet had been vacant for less than one year and represent an increase in supply without a corresponding increase in demand. We are reasonably well-leased in the District with modest near-term exposure and we have reduced our exposure to the Washington, DC CBD market significantlynet rental obligations of approximately 13% over the past few years through dispositions of non-core assets.prior leases.
Conversely, we continue to see strong tenant demand inIn our Reston, Virginia portfolio. In Reston,portfolio, in the first quarter of 2020, we placed in service 17Fifty Presidents Street, a build-to-suit project with approximately 276,000 net rentable square feet of Class A office space that is 100% leased to an affiliate of Leidos Holdings, Inc. We also continued development of Reston Gateway, our mixed-use development project, which will consist of an aggregate of approximately 4.5 million net rentable square feet. The initial phase is approximately 1.1 million net rentable square feet, of which approximately 80%72% is pre-leased to Fannie Mae. Our Reston, Virginia in-service portfolio was approximately 95%87% leased as of March 31, 20192020 and continues to be the strongest submarket in the region.

2020, we completed the sale of New Dominion Technology Park located in Herndon, Virginia for a gross sale price of $256.0 million, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $254.0 million and reported gain on sale of approximately $192.3 million for BXP and approximately $197.1 million for BPLP. New Dominion Technology Park is comprised of two Class A office properties aggregating approximately 493,000 net rentable square feet.

Our Washington, DC CBD in-service properties were approximately 85% leased, as of March 31, 2020, with modest near-term exposure and we have reduced our exposure in the Washington, DC CBD market significantly over the past few years through dispositions of assets.
Leasing Statistics
The table below details the leasing activity, including 100% of the unconsolidated joint ventures, that commenced during the three months ended March 31, 2019:2020:
  Three months endedMonths Ended March 31, 20192020
  (Total Square Feet)Feet
Vacant space available at the beginning of the period 3,859,8973,135,170

Property dispositions/Vacant space in properties taken out of serviceacquired (85,019)
Properties placed (and partially placed) in-service (1)280,965
Leases expiring or terminated during the period 1,274,1061,085,416

Total space available for lease 5,048,9844,501,551

1st generation leases
 244,430321,456

2nd generation leases with new tenants
 883,922566,136

2nd generation lease renewals
 738,267428,887

Total space leased (1)(2) 1,866,6191,316,479

Vacant space available for lease at the end of the period 3,182,3653,185,072

   
Leases executed during the period, in square feet (2)(3) 1,522,346701,730

   
Second generation leasing information: (3)(4)
  
Leases commencing during the period, in square feet 1,622,189995,023

Weighted Average Lease Term 12299 Months

Weighted Average Free Rent Period 111108 Days

Total Transaction Costs Per Square Foot (4)(5) 

$79.4071.96

Increase in Gross Rents (5)(6) 6.1562.08%
Increase in Net Rents (6)(7) 9.3593.22%
_____________________________________________
(1)
Total square feet of properties placed (and partially placed) in-service during the three months ended March 31, 2020 consists of 5,156 at 145 Broadway and 275,809 at 17Fifty Presidents Street.
(2)Represents leases for which rentallease revenue recognition has commenced in accordance with GAAP during the three months ended March 31, 2019.2020.
(2)(3)
Represents leases executed during the three months ended March 31, 20192020 for which we either (1) commenced rentallease revenue recognition in such period or (2) will commence rentallease revenue recognition in subsequent periods, in accordance with GAAP, and includes leases at properties currently under development. The total square feet of leases executed and recognized in the three months ended March 31, 20192020 is 151,075.
244,020.
(3)(4)
Second generation leases are defined as leases for space that had previously been leased by us. Of the 1,622,189995,023 square feet of second generation leases that commenced during the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020, leases for 1,471,114756,159 square feet were signed in prior periods.
(4)(5)Total transaction costs include tenant improvements and leasing commissions, but exclude free rent concessions and other inducements in accordance with GAAP.
(5)(6)
Represents the increase in gross rent (base rent plus expense reimbursements) on the new versus expired leases on the 1,293,772727,342 square feet of second generation leases that had been occupied within the prior 12

months for the three months ended March 31, 2020; excludes leases that management considers temporary because the tenant is not expected to occupy the space on a long-term basis.
(7)Represents the increase in net rent (gross rent less operating expenses) on the new versus expired leases on the 727,342 square feet of second generation leases that had been occupied within the prior 12 months for the three months ended March 31, 2019;2020; excludes leases that management considers temporary because the tenant is not expected to occupy the space on a long-term basis.
(6)
Represents the increase in net rent (gross rent less operating expenses) on the new versus expired leases on the 1,293,772 square feet of second generation leases that had been occupied within the prior 12 months for the three months ended March 31, 2019; excludes leases that management considers temporary because the tenant is not expected to occupy the space on a long-term basis.

Transactions during the three months ended March 31, 20192020 included the following:
Development activitiesDevelopment/redevelopment
On February 14, 2019,January 28, 2020, we announcedexercised our option to acquire real property at 425 Fourth Street located in San Francisco, California for a purchase price totaling approximately $134.1 million. 425 Fourth Street is expected to support the development of approximately 804,000 square feet of primarily commercial office space. There can be no assurance that the acquisition will be consummated on the terms currently contemplated or at all.
On March 26, 2020, we had entered intocompleted and fully placed in-service 17Fifty Presidents Street located in Reston, Virginia. 17Fifty Presidents Street is a 15-year leasebuild-to-suit project with Google, LLC for approximately 362,000276,000 net rentable square feet of Class A office space that is 100% leased.
Dispositions
On January 28, 2020, we entered into a joint venture with a third party to own, operate and develop properties at our Gateway Commons complex located in South San Francisco, California. We contributed our 601, 611 and 651 Gateway properties and development rights with an agreed upon value aggregating approximately $350.0 million for our 50% interest in the joint venture. 601, 611 and 651 Gateway consist of three Class A office properties aggregating approximately 768,000 net rentable square feet. The partner contributed three properties and development rights with an agreed upon value aggregating approximately $280.8 million at closing and will contribute cash totaling approximately $69.2 million in the future for its 50% ownership interest in the joint venture. As a result of the partner’s deferred contribution, we have an initial approximately 55% interest in the joint venture. Future development projects will be owned 49% by us and 51% by the partner. We recognized a gain on the retained and sold interest in the real estate contributed to the joint venture totaling approximately $217.7 million for BXP and $222.4 million for BPLP during the three months ended March 31, 2020, within Gains (Losses) on Sales of Real Estate on the respective Consolidated Statements of Operations, as the fair value of the real estate exceeded its carrying value (See Notes 3 and 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
On February 20, 2020, we completed the sale of New Dominion Technology Park located in Herndon, Virginia for a gross sale price of $256.0 million. Net cash proceeds totaled approximately $254.0 million, resulting in a build-to-suitgain on sale of real estate totaling approximately $192.3 million for BXP and approximately $197.1 million for BPLP. New Dominion Technology Park is comprised of two Class A office properties aggregating approximately 493,000 net rentable square feet.
Unconsolidated joint venture activities
On January 28, 2020, we entered into a joint venture with a third party to own, operate and develop properties at its Gateway Commons complex located in South San Francisco, California. We will have a 50% interest in the joint venture. See “Dispositions” above for additional information.
On January 28, 2020, a joint venture in which we have a 55% interest commenced development of the first phase of its Platform 16 project to be located at our 325 Main Street property at Kendall Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts. 325 Main Street currentlySan Jose, California. The first phase of the Platform 16 development project consists of an approximately 115,000390,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property thatbuilding and a below-grade parking garage. Though the joint venture has completed site preparation work, in consultation with our partner, the joint venture has paused construction activities and it will be demolished and developed into an approximately 400,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property, including approximately 38,000 net rentable square feetrevisit its plans once the economic impact of retail space. There can be no assurance thatCOVID-19 becomes clearer. On February 20, 2020, the project will commence.
On January 24, 2019,joint venture acquired the land underlying the ground lessor under our 65-year ground lease for a purchase price totaling approximately $134.8 million. The joint venture had previously made a deposit totaling $15.0 million,

which deposit was credited against the purchase price. Platform 16 consists of a parcel of land totaling approximately 5.6 acres at Platform 16 located in San Jose, California, which willthat is expected to support the development of approximately 1.1 million square feet of commercial office space, made available for lease to us the remaining land parcels.
Acquisitions and Disposition activitiesspace.
On January 10, 2019, we acquired land parcels at our Carnegie Center property located in Princeton, New Jersey for a gross purchase price of approximately $51.5 million, which includes an aggregate of approximately $8.6 million of additional amounts that are payable in the future to the seller upon the development or sale of each of the parcels. The land parcels could support approximately 1.7 million square feet of development.
On January 24, 2019, we completed the sale of our 2600 Tower Oaks Boulevard property located in Rockville, Maryland for a gross sales price of approximately $22.7 million. Net cash proceeds totaled approximately $21.4 million, resulting in a loss on sale of real estate totaling approximately $0.6 million. We recognized an impairment loss totaling approximately $3.1 million for BXP and approximately $1.5 million for BPLP during the year ended December 31, 2018. 2600 Tower Oaks Boulevard is an approximately 179,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property.
Capital markets activities
On January 24, 2019,March 18, 2020, a joint venture in which we have a 50% interest extended the mortgage loan collateralized by its Annapolis Junction Building Six property.Seven and Building Eight. At the time of the extension, the outstanding balance of the loan totaled approximately $13.0$34.6 million, and was scheduled to mature on November 17, 2019, with one, one-year extension option, subject to certain conditions. The extended loan has a total commitment amount of approximately $14.3 million, bearsbore interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.00%2.35% per annum and matured on March 6, 2020. The extended loan matures on November 17,June 30, 2020. Annapolis Junction Building Six is aSeven and Building Eight are Class A office propertyproperties with approximately 119,000127,000 and 126,000 net rentable square feet, respectively, located in Annapolis, Maryland.
Transactions completed subsequent to March 31, 20192020 included the following:
On April 1, 2019, we completed the acquisition of our partner's 5% ownership interest and promoted profits interest in the consolidated entity that owns Salesforce Tower located in San Francisco, California for cash totaling approximately $210.9 million, which amount was reduced by approximately $24.1 million, consisting of the repayment of our preferred equity and preferred return in the venture. The partner was entitled to receive an additional promoted payment based on the success of the property. Salesforce Tower is an approximately 1,421,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property (See Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
At March 31, 2019, we evaluated the expected hold period of our One Tower Center property and based on a shorter than expected hold period, we reduced the carrying value of the property to our estimated fair value at March 31, 2019 and recognized an impairment loss totaling approximately $24.0 million for BXP and approximately $22.3 million for BPLP. Our estimated fair value was based on a pending offer from a third party to acquire the property and the subsequent execution of a purchase and sale agreement on April 18, 2019 for a gross sale price of approximately $38.0 million (See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). One Tower Center is an approximately 410,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property located in East Brunswick, New Jersey.

On April 26, 2019,22, 2020, a joint venture in which we have a 50%20% interest obtained construction financing with a total commitment of $255.0 millionextended the mortgage loan collateralized by its 7750 Wisconsin Avenue development projectMetropolitan Square located in Bethesda, Maryland.Washington, DC. At the time of the extension, the outstanding balance of the loan totaled approximately $156.4 million and was scheduled to mature on May 5, 2020. The construction financing bearsextended loan continues to bear interest at a variablefixed rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.25%of 5.75% per annum and matures on April 26, 2023, with two, one-year extension options, subject to certain conditions. There have been no amounts drawn under the loan to date. 7750 Wisconsin AvenueAugust 5, 2020. Metropolitan Square is a 734,000Class A office property with approximately 654,000 net rentable square foot build-to-suit Class A office project and below-grade parking garage.feet.

On May 5, 2020, BPLP completed a public offering of $1.25 billion in aggregate principal amount of its 3.250% unsecured senior notes due 2031. The notes were priced at 99.850% of the principal amount to yield an effective rate (including financing fees) of approximately 3.343% per annum to maturity. The notes will mature on January 30, 2031, unless earlier redeemed. The aggregate net proceeds from the offering were approximately $1.24 billion after deducting underwriting discounts and estimated transaction expenses.
Critical Accounting Policies
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations discuss our Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Certain accounting policies are considered to be critical accounting policies, as they require management to make assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the estimate is made and changes in accounting estimate are reasonably likely to occur from period to period. Management bases its estimates and assumptions on historical experience and current economic conditions. On an on-going basis, management evaluates its estimates and assumptions including those related to revenue, impairment of long-lived assets and the allowance for doubtful accounts. Actual results may differ from those estimates and assumptions.
Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20182019 contains a discussion of our critical accounting policies, except for our policies established following the adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU"(“ASU”) ASU 2016-02,2016-13, ASU 2018-012018-13, ASU 2018-17 and ASU 2018-11.2020-04. The adoption of each of the above pronouncements is discussed in Note 42 to our Consolidated Financial Statements. Management discusses and reviews our critical accounting policies and management’s judgments and estimates with BXP’s Audit Committee.
Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019
The full extent of the impact of COVID-19 on our business, operations and financial results will depend on numerous evolving factors that we may not be able to accurately predict. In addition, we cannot predict the impact that COVID-19 will have on our tenants, employees, contractors, lenders, suppliers, vendors and joint venture partners; any material effect on these parties could also have a material adverse effect on us. The impact of COVID-19 on our revenue, in particular lease and parking revenue for the second quarter of 2020 and thereafter, also cannot be determined at present. The situation surrounding COVID-19 remains fluid, and we are actively managing our response in collaboration with tenants, government officials and joint venture partners and assessing potential impacts to our financial position and operating results, as well as potential adverse developments in our business. See Item 1A: “Risk Factors” for additional details.

Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders decreasedincreased approximately $77.9$399.4 million and $87.5$453.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018,2019, respectively, as detailed in the following tables and for the reasons discussed below under the heading “Comparison of the three months ended March 31, 20192020 to the three months ended March 31, 2018” 2019”within “ItemItem 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.Operations.
The following are reconciliations of net income attributableNet Income Attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders Common Shareholders to net operating incomeNet Operating Income and net income attributableNet Income Attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholdersCommon Unitholders to net operating incomeNet Operating Income for thethree months ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019 (in thousands):



Boston Properties, Inc.
 Three months ended March 31,
 2019 2018 Increase/
(Decrease)
 %
Change
 Three months ended March 31,
 (in thousands) 2020 2019 Increase/
(Decrease)
 %
Change
Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. Common Shareholders $98,105
 $176,021
 $(77,916) (44.27)% $497,496
 $98,105
 $399,391
 407.11 %
Preferred dividends 2,625
 2,625
 
  % 2,625
 2,625
 
  %
Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. 100,730
 178,646
 (77,916) (43.61)% 500,121
 100,730
 399,391
 396.50 %
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests:                
Noncontrolling interest—common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership 11,599
 20,432
 (8,833) (43.23)%
Noncontrolling interest—common units of the Operating Partnership 57,539
 11,599
 45,940
 396.07 %
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 18,830
 17,234
 1,596
 9.26 % 19,486
 18,830
 656
 3.48 %
Net Income 131,159
 216,312
 (85,153) (39.37)% 577,146
 131,159
 445,987
 340.04 %
Other Expenses:                
Add:                
Interest expense 101,009
 90,220
 10,789
 11.96 % 101,591
 101,009
 582
 0.58 %
Impairment loss 24,038
 
 24,038
 100.00 % 
 24,038
 (24,038) (100.00)%
Other Income:                
Less:                
Gains (losses) from investments in securities 2,969
 (126) 3,095
 2,456.35 % (5,445) 2,969
 (8,414) (283.40)%
Interest and other income 3,753
 1,648
 2,105
 127.73 % 3,017
 3,753
 (736) (19.61)%
(Losses) gains on sales of real estate (905) 96,397
 (97,302) (100.94)%
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures 213
 461
 (248) (53.80)%
Gains (losses) on sales of real estate 410,165
 (905) 411,070
 45,422.10 %
Income (loss) from unconsolidated joint ventures (369) 213
 (582) (273.24)%
Other Expenses:                
Add:                
Depreciation and amortization expense 164,594
 165,797
 (1,203) (0.73)% 171,094
 164,594
 6,500
 3.95 %
Transaction costs 460
 21
 439
 2,090.48 % 615
 460
 155
 33.70 %
Payroll and related costs from management services contracts 3,395
 2,885
 510
 17.68 % 3,237
 3,395
 (158) (4.65)%
General and administrative expense 41,762
 35,894
 5,868
 16.35 % 36,454
 41,762
 (5,308) (12.71)%
Other Revenue:                
Less:                
Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts 3,395
 2,885
 510
 17.68 % 3,237
 3,395
 (158) (4.65)%
Development and management services revenue 9,277
 8,405
 872
 10.37 % 7,879
 9,277
 (1,398) (15.07)%
Net Operating Income $447,715
 $401,459
 $46,256
 11.52 % $471,653
 $447,715
 $23,938
 5.35 %





Boston Properties Limited Partnership
 Three months ended March 31,
 2019 2018 Increase/
(Decrease)
 %
Change
 Three months ended March 31,
 (in thousands) 2020 2019 Increase/
(Decrease)
 %
Change
Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership Common Unitholders $113,382
 $200,907
 $(87,525) (43.56)% $566,333
 $113,382
 $452,951
 399.49 %
Preferred distributions 2,625
 2,625
 
  % 2,625
 2,625
 
  %
Net Income Attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership 116,007
 203,532
 (87,525) (43.00)% 568,958
 116,007
 452,951
 390.45 %
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests:                
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 18,830
 17,234
 1,596
 9.26 % 19,486
 18,830
 656
 3.48 %
Net Income 134,837
 220,766
 (85,929) (38.92)% 588,444
 134,837
 453,607
 336.41 %
Other Expenses:                
Add:                
Interest expense 101,009
 90,220
 10,789
 11.96 % 101,591
 101,009
 582
 0.58 %
Impairment loss 22,272
 
 22,272
 100.00 % 
 22,272
 (22,272) (100.00)%
Other Income:        
Less:                
Gains (losses) from investments in securities 2,969
 (126) 3,095
 2,456.35 % (5,445) 2,969
 (8,414) (283.40)%
Interest and other income 3,753
 1,648
 2,105
 127.73 % 3,017
 3,753
 (736) (19.61)%
(Losses) gains on sales of real estate (905) 98,907
 (99,812) (100.92)%
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures 213
 461
 (248) (53.80)%
Gains (losses) on sales of real estate 419,654
 (905) 420,559
 46,470.61 %
Income (loss) from unconsolidated joint ventures (369) 213
 (582) (273.24)%
Other Expenses:                
Add:                
Depreciation and amortization expense 162,682
 163,853
 (1,171) (0.71)% 169,285
 162,682
 6,603
 4.06 %
Transaction costs 460
 21
 439
 2,090.48 % 615
 460
 155
 33.70 %
Payroll and related costs from management services contracts 3,395
 2,885
 510
 17.68 % 3,237
 3,395
 (158) (4.65)%
General and administrative expense 41,762
 35,894
 5,868
 16.35 % 36,454
 41,762
 (5,308) (12.71)%
Other Revenue:                
Less:                
Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts 3,395
 2,885
 510
 17.68 % 3,237
 3,395
 (158) (4.65)%
Development and management services revenue 9,277
 8,405
 872
 10.37 % 7,879
 9,277
 (1,398) (15.07)%
Net Operating Income $447,715

$401,459

$46,256
 11.52 % $471,653
 $447,715
 $23,938
 5.35 %



At March 31, 20192020 and March 31, 2018,2019, we owned or had interests in a portfolio of 196 and 179 commercial real estate properties respectively (in each case, the “Total Property Portfolio”). As a result of changes within our Total Property Portfolio, the financial data presented below shows significant changes in revenue and expenses from period-to-period. Accordingly, we do not believe that our period-to-period financial data with respect to the Total Property Portfolio provides a complete picture of our performance.is meaningful. Therefore, the comparison of operating results for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019 show separately the changes attributable to the properties that were owned by us and in-service throughout each period compared (the “Same Property Portfolio”) and the changes attributable to the properties included in the Acquired, Placed In-Service, Acquired, Development or Redevelopment or Sold Portfolios.
In our analysis of operating results, particularly to make comparisons of net operating income between periods meaningful, it is important to provide information for properties that were in-service and owned by us throughout each period presented. We refer to properties acquired or placed in-service prior to the beginning of the earliest period presented and owned by us and in-service through the end of the latest period presented as our Same Property Portfolio. The Same Property Portfolio therefore excludes properties acquired, placed in-service acquired or in development or redevelopment after the beginning of the earliest period presented or disposed of prior to the end of the latest period presented.
Table of Content

Net operating income (“NOI”) is a non-GAAP financial measure equal to net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders, as applicable, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, plus (1) preferred dividends/distributions, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, interest expense, impairment loss, depreciation and amortization expense, transaction costs, payroll and related costs from management services contracts and corporate general and administrative expense less (2) gains (losses) from investments in securities, interest and other income, gains (losses) gains on sales of real estate, income (loss) from unconsolidated joint ventures, direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts and development and management services revenue. We use NOI internally as a performance measure and believe it provides useful information to investors regarding our results of operations and financial condition because, when compared across periods, it reflects the impact on operations from trends in occupancy rates, rental rates, operating costs and acquisition and development activity on an unleveraged basis, providing perspective not immediately apparent from net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders. For example, interest expense is not necessarily linked to the operating performance of a real estate asset and is often incurred at the corporate level as opposed to the property level. Similarly, interest expense may be incurred at the property level even though the financing proceeds may be used at the corporate level (e.g., used for other investment activity). In addition, depreciation and amortization expense, because of historical cost accounting and useful life estimates, may distort operating performance measures at the property level. NOI presented by us may not be comparable to NOI reported by other REITs or real estate companies that define NOI differently.
We believe that, in order to facilitate a clear understanding of our operating results, NOI should be examined in conjunction with net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders as presented in our Consolidated Financial Statements. NOI should not be considered as a substitute for net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders or net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders (determined in accordance with GAAP) or any other GAAP financial measures and should only be considered together with and as a supplement to our financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP.
The gains on sales of real estate, depreciation expense and impairment losses and depreciation expense may differ between BXP and BPLP as a result of previously applied acquisition accounting by BXP for the issuance of common stock in connection with non-sponsor OP Unit redemptions by BPLP. This accounting resulted in a step-up of the real estate assets at BXP that was allocated to certain properties. The difference between the real estate assets of BXP as compared to BPLP for certain properties having an allocation of the real estate step-up will result in a corresponding difference in impairment losses and in the gains on sales of real estate, and depreciation expense and impairment losses, when those properties are sold. For additional information see the Explanatory Note that follows the cover page of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Comparison of the three months ended March 31, 20192020 to the three months ended March 31, 2018.2019
The table below shows selected operating information for the Same Property Portfolio and the Total Property Portfolio. The Same Property Portfolio consists of 145140 properties totaling approximately 38.939.1 million net rentable square feet, of space, excluding unconsolidated joint ventures. The Same Property Portfolio includes properties acquired or fully placed in-service on or prior to January 1, 20182019 and owned and in-servicein service through March 31, 2019.2020. The Total Property Portfolio includes the effects of the other properties either acquired, placed in-service, acquired or in development or redevelopment after January 1, 20182019 or disposed of on or prior to March 31, 2019.2020. This table includes a reconciliation from the Same Property Portfolio to the Total Property Portfolio by also providing information for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019 with respect to the properties that were acquired, placed in-service, acquired, in development or redevelopment or sold. There were no properties acquired between January 1, 2018 and March 31, 2019.

Table of Content


Same Property Portfolio 
Properties
Placed In-Service
Portfolio
 Properties in
Development or
Redevelopment
Portfolio
 Properties Sold Portfolio Total Property PortfolioSame Property Portfolio Properties
Acquired Portfolio
 Properties
Placed In-Service
Portfolio
 
Properties in
Development or
Redevelopment
Portfolio
 Properties Sold Portfolio Total Property Portfolio
(dollars in thousands)2019 2018 Increase/(Decrease) 
%
Change
 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 Increase/(Decrease) %
Change
2020 2019 
Increase/
(Decrease)
 
%
Change
 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 Increase/
(Decrease)
 %
Change
(dollars in thousands)
Rental Revenue: (1)                                                          
Lease Revenue (Excluding Termination Income)$633,948
 $598,594
 $35,354
 5.91 % $29,571
 $3,710
 $867
 $839
 $347
 $6,119
 $664,733
 $609,262
 $55,471
 9.10 %$674,879
 $647,031
 $27,848
 4.30 % $3,553
 $
 $12,843
 $
 $2,148
 $4,331
 $4,496
 $13,371
 $697,919
 $664,733
 $33,186
 4.99 %
Termination Income7,132
 825
 6,307
 764.48 % 
 
 
 5
 (196) 532
 6,936
 1,362
 5,574
 409.25 %2,399
 6,956
 (4,557) (65.51)% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (20) 2,399
 6,936
 (4,537) (65.41)%
Lease Revenue641,080
 599,419
 41,661
 6.95 % 29,571
 3,710
 867
 844
 151
 6,651
 671,669
 610,624
 61,045
 10.00 %677,278

653,987

23,291
 3.56 % 3,553



12,843



2,148

4,331

4,496

13,351

700,318

671,669

28,649
 4.27 %
Parking and Other Income24,530
 25,661
 (1,131) (4.41)% 229
 23
 6
 19
 8
 272
 24,773
 25,975
 (1,202) (4.63)%
Parking and Other23,820
 24,757
 (937) (3.78)% 
 
 514
 
 6
 6
 1
 10
 24,341
 24,773
 (432) (1.74)%
Total Rental Revenue (1)665,610
 625,080
 40,530
 6.48 % 29,800
 3,733
 873
 863
 159
 6,923
 696,442
 636,599
 59,843
 9.40 %701,098
 678,744
 22,354
 3.29 % 3,553
 
 13,357
 
 2,154
 4,337
 4,497
 13,361
 724,659
 696,442
 28,217
 4.05 %
Real Estate Operating Expenses239,952
 232,014
 7,938
 3.42 % 13,043
 2,563
 559
 394
 189
 3,085
 253,743
 238,056
 15,687
 6.59 %252,219
 246,071
 6,148
 2.50 % 1,466
 
 2,009
 
 1,555
 2,360
 1,653
 5,312
 258,902
 253,743
 5,159
 2.03 %
Net Operating Income (Loss), excluding residential and hotel425,658
 393,066
 32,592
 8.29 % 16,757
 1,170
 314
 469
 (30) 3,838
 442,699
 398,543
 44,156
 11.08 %
Residential Net Operating Income (Loss) (2)2,350
 2,492
 (142) (5.70)% 1,591
 (605) 
 
 
 
 3,941
 1,887
 2,054
 108.85 %
Net Operating Income, Excluding Residential and Hotel448,879
 432,673
 16,206
 3.75 % 2,087
 
 11,348
 
 599
 1,977
 2,844
 8,049
 465,757
 442,699
 23,058
 5.21 %
Residential Net Operating Income (2)5,892
 3,941
 1,951
 49.51 % 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5,892
 3,941
 1,951
 49.51 %
Hotel Net Operating Income (2)1,075
 1,029
 46
 4.47 % 
 
 
 
 
 
 1,075
 1,029
 46
 4.47 %4
 1,075
 (1,071) (99.63)% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4
 1,075
 (1,071) (99.63)%
Net Operating Income (Loss)$429,083
 $396,587
 $32,496
 8.19 % $18,348
 $565
 $314
 $469
 $(30) $3,838
 $447,715
 $401,459
 $46,256
 11.52 %
Net Operating Income$454,775
 $437,689
 $17,086
 3.90 % $2,087
 $
 $11,348
 $
 $599
 $1,977
 $2,844
 $8,049
 $471,653
 $447,715
 $23,938
 5.35 %
_______________
(1)Rental Revenue is equal to Revenue less Development and Management Services Revenue and Direct Reimbursements of Payroll and Related Costs from Management Services Revenue per the Consolidated Statements of Operations, excluding the residential and hotel revenue that is noted below. Upon the adoption of ASU-2016-02 “Leases” on January 1, 2019, service income from tenants is included in Lease revenue. Prior to adoption, these amounts were included in the line item for Development and Management Services Revenue. We use Rental Revenue internally as a performance measure and in calculating other non-GAAP financial measures (e.g., NOI), which provides investors with information regarding our performance that is not immediately apparent from the comparable non-GAAP measures and allows investors to compare operating performance between periods.
(2)For a detailed discussion of NOI, including the reasons management believes NOI is useful to investors, see page 51.49. Residential Net Operating Income for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019 is comprised of Residential Revenue of $7,715$9,956 and $4,159,$7,715 less Residential Expenses of $3,774$4,064 and $2,272,$3,774, respectively. Hotel Net Operating Income for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019 is comprised of Hotel Revenue of $8,938$6,825 and $9,102$8,938 less Hotel Expenses of $7,863$6,821 and $8,073,$7,863, respectively, per the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Table of Content

Same Property Portfolio
Lease Revenue (Excluding Termination Income)
Lease revenue from the Same Property Portfolio increased by approximately $35.4$27.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018.2019. The increase was primarily the result of increases in revenue from our leases and the reclassification of service income from tenants and other income of approximately $30.6 million and $4.8 million, respectively. Lease revenue from our leases increased approximately $30.6 million as a result of our average revenue per square foot increasing by approximately $3.46, which contributed$2.32, contributing approximately $27.6$22.4 million, and an approximately $3.0$5.4 million increase due to our average occupancy increasing from 91.6%93.6% to 92.1%94.4%.
On January 1, 2019, we adopted ASU 2016-02. As a result ofUpon the adoption there were certain nonlease components (service income from tenants, overtime HVAC, late feesof Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 842 - Leases, any write-off for bad debt, including accrued rent, will be shown as a reduction to lease revenue. However, the degree to which our tenants’ businesses are negatively impacted by COVID-19 could result in a reduction in our cash flows or require that we write-off a tenant’s accrued rent balance and other items) that were reclassifiedthis could have a material adverse effect on a prospective basis from the Development and Management Services revenue and Parking and Other Income line items of our Consolidated Statements of Operations. As a result, Lease revenue increased by approximately $4.8 million and Development and Management Services revenue and Parking and Other Income decreased by approximately $3.0 million and $1.8 million, respectivelylease revenue. See Item 1A: “Risk Factors” for the three months ended March 31, 2019 (See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).additional details.
Termination Income
Termination income increaseddecreased by approximately $6.3$4.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018.2019.
Termination income for the three months ended March 31, 2020 related to 15 tenants across the Same Property Portfolio and totaled approximately $2.4 million, which was primarily related to tenants that terminated leases early in New York City and the Boston region.
Termination income for the three months ended March 31, 2019 related to 1311 tenants across the Same Property Portfolio and totaled approximately $7.1$7.0 million, of which approximately $4.9 million is from two tenants that terminated leases early at 399 Park Avenue in New York City.
Termination income for the three months ended March 31, 2018 related to 16 tenants across the Same Property Portfolio and totaled approximately $0.8 million.
Parking and Other IncomeRevenue
Parking and other incomerevenue decreased by approximately $1.1$0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018, which was2019, primarily due to the prospective reclassificationa decrease in transient parking. Due to COVID-19, we expect to see a decrease in parking revenue, for fiscal year 2020, as a result of mandatory business closures and “stay-at-home” orders. See Item 1A: “Risk Factors” for additional details.
Parking revenue generally consists of two primary components: revenue from monthly passes and hourly/daily parking revenue. During 2019, total parking revenue was approximately $1.8$100 million and our share of total parking revenue from unconsolidated joint ventures was approximately $13 million. Approximately $40 million of certain nonlease components that were described above (See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).this aggregate amount of consolidated and unconsolidated parking revenue was derived from hourly/daily parking. In April, with stay-at-home orders and business closures, we generated minimal hourly/daily parking revenue and this trend may continue for as long as these stay-at-home orders and business closures continue. Some of our monthly parking revenues are contractual agreements embedded in our leases, and some are at will individual agreements.
Real Estate Operating Expenses
Real estate operating expenses from the Same Property Portfolio increased by approximately $7.9$6.1 million, or 3.4%2.5%, for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 20182019, due primarily to increases in (1) real estate taxes of approximately $6.2 million, or 5.5% and (2) other real estate operating expenses of approximately $1.7$5.3 million, or 1.5%.4.2%, and $0.8 million, or 0.7%, respectively. The increase in real estate taxes was primarily experienced in the New York CBD properties.
Properties Placed In-ServiceAcquired Portfolio
The table below lists the properties placed in-service or partially placed in-service fromacquired between January 1, 2018 through2019 and March 31, 2019.2020. Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses increased by approximately $29.7$3.6 million and $11.9$1.5 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018,2019, as detailed below.

Table of Content
    Square Feet Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name Date acquired  2020 2019 Change 2020 2019 Change
      (dollars in thousands)
880 and 890 Winter Street August 27, 2019 392,568
 $3,553
 $
 $3,553
 $1,466
 $
 $1,466
    392,568
 $3,553
 $
 $3,553
 $1,466
 $
 $1,466

  Quarter Initially Placed In-Service Quarter Fully Placed In-Service   Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name   Square Feet 2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
        (dollars in thousands)
Office                  
191 Spring Street Fourth Quarter, 2017 Fourth Quarter, 2018 170,997
 $1,823
 $927
 $896
 $591
 $388
 $203
Salesforce Tower Fourth Quarter, 2017 Fourth Quarter, 2018 1,420,682
 27,977
 2,806
 25,171
 12,452
 2,175
 10,277
Total Office     1,591,679
 29,800

3,733

26,067

13,043

2,563

10,480
                   
Residential                  
Signature at Reston First Quarter, 2018 Second Quarter, 2018 517,783
 2,218
 81
 2,137
 1,477
 686
 791
Proto Kendall Square Second Quarter, 2018 Third Quarter, 2018 166,717
 1,510
 
 1,510
 660
 
 660
Total Residential     684,500
 3,728
 81
 3,647
 2,137
 686
 1,451
      2,276,179
 $33,528
 $3,814
 $29,714
 $15,180
 $3,249
 $11,931


Properties in Development or RedevelopmentPlaced In-Service Portfolio
The table below lists the propertyproperties that was in developmentwere placed in-service or redevelopmentpartially placed in-service between January 1, 20182019 and March 31, 2019.2020. Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses from our Properties Placed In-Service Portfolio increased by approximately $10,000$13.4 million and $0.2$2.0 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018,2019, as detailed below.
   Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses Quarter Initially Placed In-Service Quarter Fully Placed In-Service   Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name Date commenced development / redevelopment Square Feet 2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change Square Feet 2020 2019 Change 2020 2019 Change
   (dollars in thousands)   (dollars in thousands)
One Five Nine East 53rd Street (1) August 19, 2016 220,000
 $873
 $863
 $10
 $559
 $394
 $165
20 CityPoint Second Quarter, 2019 N/A 211,000
 $1,849
 $
 $1,849
 $588
 $
 $588
145 Broadway Fourth Quarter, 2019 Fourth Quarter, 2019 488,862
 10,910
 
 10,910
 1,188
 
 1,188
17Fifty Presidents Street First Quarter, 2020 First Quarter, 2020 275,809
 598
 
 598
 233
 
 233
 975,671

$13,357

$

$13,357

$2,009

$

$2,009
___________Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio
The table below lists the properties that were in development or redevelopment between January 1, 2019 and March 31, 2020. Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses from our Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio decreased by approximately $2.2 million and $0.8 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to 2019.
      Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name Date Commenced Development / Redevelopment Square Feet 2020 2019 Change 2020 2019 Change
      (dollars in thousands)
One Five Nine East 53rd Street August 19, 2016 220,000
 $886
 $873
 $13
 $563
 $559
 $4
325 Main Street (1) May 9, 2019 115,000
 
 1,200
 (1,200) 149
 493
 (344)
200 West Street (2) September 30, 2019 261,000
 1,268
 2,264
 (996) 843
 1,308
 (465)
    596,000
 $2,154
 $4,337
 $(2,183) $1,555
 $2,360
 $(805)
_______________
(1)This is the low-rise portion of 601 Lexington Avenue in New York City. Rental revenue includes approximately $5,000 of termination incomeReal estate operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2018.2020 includes approximately $0.1 million of demolition costs.
(2)Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2019 are related to the entire building. The redevelopment is a conversion of a 126,000 square foot portion of the property to laboratory space.

Properties Sold Portfolio
The table below lists the properties we sold between January 1, 20182019 and March 31, 2019.2020. Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses from our Properties Sold Portfolio decreased by approximately $6.8$8.9 million and $2.9$3.7 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018,2019, as detailed below.
Table
        Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name Date Sold Property Type Square Feet 2020 2019 Change 2020 2019 Change
        (dollars in thousands)
2600 Tower Oaks Boulevard January 24, 2019 Office 179,000
 $
 $159
 $(159) $
 $189
 $(189)
One Tower Center June 3, 2019 Office 410,000
 
 1,205
 (1,205) 
 1,176
 (1,176)
164 Lexington Road June 28, 2019 Office 64,000
 
 
 
 
 43
 (43)
Washingtonian North December 20, 2019 Land N/A
 
 
 
 
 36
 (36)
601, 611 and 651 Gateway January 28, 2020 Office 768,000
 1,946
 7,135
 (5,189) 881
 2,464
 (1,583)
New Dominion Technology Park February 20, 2020 Office 493,000
 2,551
 4,862
 (2,311) 772
 1,404
 (632)
      1,914,000
 $4,497
 $13,361
 $(8,864) $1,653
 $5,312
 $(3,659)
For additional information on the sale of Content

        Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses
Name Date Sold Property Type Square Feet 2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
        (dollars in thousands)
500 E Street, S.W. January 9, 2018 Office 262,000
 $
 $270
 $(270) $
 $129
 $(129)
91 Hartwell Avenue May 24, 2018 Office 119,000
 
 763
 (763) 
 383
 (383)
Quorum Office Park September 27, 2018 Office 268,000
 
 1,097
 (1,097) 
 557
 (557)
1333 New Hampshire Avenue (1) November 30, 2018 Office 315,000
 
 4,009
 (4,009) 
 1,461
 (1,461)
Tower Oaks December 20, 2018 Land N/A
 
 106
 (106) 
 54
 (54)
2600 Tower Oaks Boulevard (2) January 24, 2019 Office 179,000
 159
 678
 (519) 189
 501
 (312)
      1,143,000
 $159
 $6,923
 $(6,764) $189
 $3,085
 $(2,896)
___________
(1)Rental revenue includes approximately $0.5 million of termination income for the three months ended March 31, 2018.
(2)Rental revenue includes approximately $(0.2) million of termination income for the three months ended March 31, 2019.


the above properties and land parcel refer to “Results of Operations—Other Income and Expense Items - Gains (Losses) on Sales of Real Estate” within “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Residential Net Operating Income
Net operating income for our residential same properties decreasedincreased by approximately $0.1$2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018.2019.
The following reflects our occupancy and rate information for The Lofts at Atlantic Wharf, and The Avant at Reston Town Center, Signature at Reston and Proto Kendall Square for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018.2019.
 The Lofts at Atlantic Wharf The Avant at Reston Town Center The Lofts at Atlantic Wharf The Avant at Reston Town Center Signature at Reston Proto Kendall Square
 2019 2018 Percentage
Change
 2019 2018 Percentage
Change
 2020 2019 Change (%) 2020 2019 Change (%) 2020 2019 Change (%) 2020 2019 Change (%)
Average Monthly Rental Rate (1) $4,433
 $4,116
 7.7% $2,352
 $2,347
 0.2 % $4,510
 $4,433
 1.7 % $2,419
 $2,352
 2.8% $2,342
 $2,260
 3.6% $3,027
 $2,705
 11.9%
Average Rental Rate Per Occupied Square Foot $4.86
 $4.61
 5.4% $2.57
 $2.58
 (0.4)% $5.04
 $4.86
 3.7 % $2.67
 $2.57
 3.9% $2.51
 $2.47
 1.6% $5.56
 $5.07
 9.7%
Average Physical Occupancy (2) 94.6% 92.3% 2.5% 90.3% 94.1% (4.0)% 95.0% 94.6% 0.4 % 91.5% 90.3% 1.3% 82.2% 53.3% 54.2% 95.5% 63.5% 50.4%
Average Economic Occupancy (3) 95.0% 91.2% 4.2% 89.3% 93.1% (4.1)% 94.3% 95.0% (0.7)% 90.3% 89.3% 1.1% 76.9% 46.4% 65.7% 95.2% 58.2% 63.6%
__________________________  
(1)Average Monthly Rental Rates areRate is calculated by us as the average of the quotients obtained by dividing (A) rental revenue as determined in accordance with GAAP, by (B) the number of occupied units for each month within the applicable fiscal period.
(2)Average Physical Occupancy is defined as (1) the average number of occupied units divided by (2) the total number of units, expressed as a percentage.
(3)Average Economic Occupancy is defined as (1) total possible revenue less vacancy loss divided by (2) total possible revenue, expressed as a percentage. Total possible revenue is determined by valuing average occupied units at contract rates and average vacant units at Market Rents. Vacancy loss is determined by valuing vacant units at current Market Rents. By measuring vacant units at their Market Rents, Average Economic Occupancy takes into account the fact that units of different sizes and locations within a residential property have different economic impacts on a residential property'sproperty’s total possible gross revenue. Market Rents used by us in calculating Average Economic Occupancy are based on the current market rates set by the managers of our residential properties based on their experience in renting their residential property’s units and publicly available market data. TrendsActual market rents and trends in marketsuch rents for a region as reported by others could vary.may vary materially from Market Rents used by us. Market Rents for a period are based on the average Market Rents during that period and do not reflect any impact for cash concessions.

Hotel Net Operating Income
Net operating income for the Boston Marriott Cambridge hotel property increaseddecreased by approximately $46,000$1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018.
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2019.
The following reflects our occupancy and rate information for the Boston Marriott Cambridge hotel for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018.2019.
 2019 2018 
Percentage
Change
 2020 2019 

Change (%)
Occupancy 80.2% 81.0% (1.0)% 59.6% 80.2% (25.7)%
Average daily rate $221.39
 $218.84
 1.2 % $211.35
 $221.39
 (4.5)%
Revenue per available room, REVPAR $177.63
 $177.34
 0.2 %
REVPAR $126.00
 $177.63
 (29.1)%

As a result of COVID-19, the Boston Marriott Cambridge was closed in March 2020 and is running at a monthly deficit. We do not know when the hotel will re-open and its closure will have a material adverse effect on the hotel’s contribution to our results of operations during the closure. See Item 1A: "Risk Factors" for additional details.
Other Operating Revenue and Expense Items
Development and Management Services Revenue
Development and management services revenue increaseddecreased by an aggregate of approximately $0.9$1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018.2019. Development services revenue increaseddecreased by approximately $1.9$1.5 million while management services revenue decreasedincreased by approximately $1.0$0.1 million. The decrease in development services revenue was primarily related to a decrease of approximately $2.7 million in development fees and fees associated with tenant improvement projects earned in the Boston region offset by an increase of $0.6 million in development fees earned in the San Francisco region and an increase of $0.6 million in development fees associated with a tenant improvement project earned in the Washington, DC region. The increase in developmentmanagement services revenue iswas primarily related to an increase in developmentproperty management fees earned from our Washington, DC region and an increase in fees associated with tenant improvement projects in our Bostonthe Los Angeles region.
On January 1, 2019, we adopted ASU 2016-02. As a result of the adoption, there were certain nonlease components (service income from tenants) that were reclassified on a prospective basis from this line item of our Consolidated Statements of Operations to Lease revenue. For the three months ended March 31, 2018, management service revenue included $2.5 million of service income from tenants. Excluding this reclassification, management services revenue would have increased by approximately $1.5 million due primarily to property and asset management fees we earned from our Santa Monica Business Park unconsolidated joint venture, which we acquired on July 19, 2018.
General and Administrative Expense
General and administrative expense increaseddecreased by approximately $5.9$5.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 20182019 primarily due to a decrease in compensation expense and other general and administrative expenses increasing by approximately $5.4 million and $0.5 million, respectively.expense. The increasedecrease in compensation expense was related to (1)an approximately $8.4 million decrease in the value of our deferred compensation plan partially offset by an approximately $3.1 million increase in the value of the deferredother compensation plan, (2) an approximately $2.1 million increase related to a decrease in capitalized wages,expense, which includes the effectexpense associated with our equity compensation programs, which includes the acceleration of no longer being able to capitalize internalamortization that occurred for employees that reached a certain age and external legal costs and internal leasing wages, and (3) an approximately $0.2 million increase related to other compensation expenses. The decrease in capitalized wages is shown as an increase to general and administrative expense as somenumber of these costs are capitalized and included in real estate assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets (see below). The increase in other general and administrative expenses was primarily related to an increase in professional fees and taxes.
On January 1, 2019, we adopted ASU 2016-02years of service and therefore as a lessor we can only capitalize incremental direct leasing costs. As a result, we are no longer able to capitalize internal and external legal costs and internal leasing wages; instead, we are required to expensebecame vested in these and other non-incremental costs as incurred (See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).awards sooner.
As of January 1, 2019, wagesWages directly related to the development of rental properties are capitalized and included in real estate assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, and they are amortized over the useful lives of the applicable asset or lease term. Capitalized wages for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019 were approximately $2.9$2.8 million and $4.5$2.9 million, respectively. These costs are not included in the general and administrative expenses discussed above.
Transaction Costs
Transaction costs increased by approximately $0.4$0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018. The increase was2019 due primarily related to the disposition of assets andtransaction costs related to the potentialpursuit and formation of new and pending joint ventures. In general, transaction costs relating to the formation of new and pending joint ventures and the pursuit of other transactions are expensed as incurred.
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Depreciation and Amortization Expense
Depreciation expense may differ between BXP and BPLP as a result of previously applied acquisition accounting by BXP for the issuance of common stock in connection with non-sponsor OP Unit redemptions by BPLP.  This accounting resulted in a step-up of the real estate assets at BXP that was allocated to certain

properties.  The difference between the real estate assets of BXP as compared to BPLP for certain properties having an allocation of the real estate step-up will result in a corresponding difference in depreciation expense. For additional information see the Explanatory Note that follows the cover page of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Boston Properties, Inc.
Depreciation and amortization expense decreasedincreased by approximately $1.2$6.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018,2019, as detailed below.
 Depreciation and Amortization Expense for the three months ended March 31,
2019 2018 Change
Portfolio Depreciation and Amortization for the three months ended March 31,
2020 2019 Change
 (in thousands) (in thousands)
Same Property Portfolio $153,926
 $162,795
 $(8,869) $164,216
 $160,407
 $3,809
Properties Acquired Portfolio 2,564
 
 2,564
Properties Placed in-Service Portfolio 10,509
 1,479
 9,030
 2,959
 
 2,959
Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio 468
 673
 (205)
Properties Sold Portfolio 159
 1,523
 (1,364) 887
 3,514
 (2,627)
 $164,594
 $165,797
 $(1,203) $171,094
 $164,594
 $6,500
Boston Properties Limited Partnership
Depreciation and amortization expense decreasedincreased by approximately $1.2$6.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018,2019, as detailed below.
 Depreciation and Amortization Expense for the three months ended March 31,
2019 2018 Change
Portfolio Depreciation and Amortization for the three months ended March 31,
2020 2019 Change
 (in thousands) (in thousands)
Same Property Portfolio $152,014
 $160,851
 $(8,837) $162,407
 $158,495
 $3,912
Properties Acquired Portfolio 2,564
 
 2,564
Properties Placed in-Service Portfolio 10,509
 1,479
 9,030
 2,959
 
 2,959
Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio 468
 673
 (205)
Properties Sold Portfolio 159
 1,523
 (1,364) 887
 3,514
 (2,627)
 $162,682
 $163,853
 $(1,171) $169,285
 $162,682
 $6,603


Direct Reimbursements of Payroll and Related Costs From Management Services Contracts and Payroll and Related Costs From Management Service Contracts
ASU 2016-08 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations” updated the principal versus agent considerations and as a result weWe have determined that amounts reimbursed for payroll and related costs received from third parties in connection with management services contracts should be reflected on a gross basis instead of on a net basis as we have determined that we are the principal under these arrangements. It is anticipatedWe anticipate that these two financial statement line items will generally offset each other.
Other Income and Expense Items
Income (Loss) from Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
IncomeFor the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to 2019, income (loss) from unconsolidated joint ventures decreased by approximately $0.2$0.6 million primarily due to the addition of our Gateway Commons joint venture and the partial placing in-service of the Hub50House joint venture in South San Francisco, CA and Boston, MA, respectively. These joint ventures reduced our net income by approximately $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared2020. At March 31, 2020, the Hub50House was only 28% leased and is not expected to 2018 due primarily to our sharebe stabilized until the first quarter of net losses from our Santa Monica Business Park joint venture, partially offset by our shere of net income from our Colorado Center joint venture.2022. The acquisition of a 55% ownership interestdecrease in Santa Monica Business Park in Santa Monica, California on July 19, 2018 resulted in an approximately $2.5 million decrease to our net income from the Gateway Commons joint venture. This decreaseventure was primarily related to interest expense and depreciation and amortization expense. The decrease was partiallyamortization. These decreases were offset
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by an approximately $2.0$0.8 million increase inrelated to our share of net income from our other unconsolidated joint venture that owns Colorado Center in Santa Monica, California. The increase in our share of net income was due to an increase in lease revenue resulting from an increase in occupancy at the property.ventures.

Gains (Losses) Gains on Sales of Real Estate
The gainsGains on sales of real estate may differ between BXP and BPLP as a result of previously applied acquisition accounting by BXP for the issuance of common stock in connection with non-sponsor OP Unit redemptions by BPLP. This accounting resulted in a step-up of the real estate assets at BXP that was allocated to certain properties. The difference between the real estate assets of BXP as compared to BPLP for certain properties having an allocation of the real estate step-up will result in a corresponding difference in the gains on sales of real estate when those properties are sold. For additional information, see the Explanatory Note that follows the cover page of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Boston Properties, Inc.
(Losses) gainsGains (losses) on sales of real estate decreasedincreased by approximately $97.3$411.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018,2019, as detailed below (dollars in millions).below.
Name Date Sold Property Type Square Feet Sale Price Net Cash Proceeds Gain (Loss) on Sale of Real Estate 
        (dollars in millions) 
2020             
601, 611 and 651 Gateway January 28, 2020 Office 768,000
 $350.0
 $
 $217.7
(1)
New Dominion Technology Park February 20, 2020 Office 493,000
 256.0
 254.0
 192.3
 
        $606.0
 $254.0
 $410.0
(2)
2019             
2600 Tower Oaks Boulevard January 24, 2019 Office 179,000
 $22.7
 $21.4
 $(0.6)(3)
Name Date Sold Property Type Square Feet Sale Price Cash Proceeds (Losses) Gains on Sale of Real Estate 
2019             
2600 Tower Oaks Boulevard January 24, 2019 Office 179,000 $22.7
 $21.4
 $(0.6)(1)
2018             
500 E Street, S.W. January 9, 2018 Office 262,000 $118.6
 $116.1
 $96.4
 
___________
(1)
On January 28, 2020, we entered into a joint venture with a third party to own, operate and develop properties at our Gateway Commons complex located in South San Francisco. We contributed our 601, 611 and 651 Gateway properties and development rights with an agreed upon value aggregating approximately $350.0 million for our 50% interest in the joint venture (See Notes 3 and 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
(2)Excludes approximately $0.1 million of gains on sales of real estate recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2020 related to gain amounts from sales of real estate occurring in the prior year.
(3)Excludes approximately $0.3 million of losses on sales of real estate recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2019 related to loss amounts from sales of real estate occurring in prior years.


Boston Properties Limited Partnership
(Losses) gainsGains (losses) on sales of real estate decreasedincreased by approximately $99.8$420.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018,2019, as detailed below (dollars in millions).below.
Name Date Sold Property Type Square Feet Sale Price Cash Proceeds (Losses) Gains on Sale of Real Estate  Date Sold Property Type Square Feet Sale Price Net Cash Proceeds Gain (Loss) on Sale of Real Estate 
       (dollars in millions) 
2020         
601, 611 and 651 Gateway January 28, 2020 Office 768,000
 $350.0
 $
 $222.4
(1)
New Dominion Technology Park February 20, 2020 Office 493,000
 256.0
 254.0
 197.1
 
   $606.0
 $254.0
 $419.5
(2)
2019                
2600 Tower Oaks Boulevard January 24, 2019 Office 179,000 $22.7
 $21.4
 $(0.6)(1) January 24, 2019 Office 179,000
 $22.7
 $21.4
 $(0.6)(3)
2018       
500 E Street, S.W. January 9, 2018 Office 262,000 $118.6
 $116.1
 $98.9
 
         
___________
(1)
On January 28, 2020, we entered into a joint venture with a third party to own, operate and develop properties at our Gateway Commons complex located in South San Francisco. We contributed our 601, 611 and 651 Gateway properties and development rights with an agreed upon value aggregating approximately $350.0 million for our 50% interest in the joint venture (See Notes 3 and 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
(2)Excludes approximately $0.1 million of gains on sales of real estate recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2020 related to gain amounts from sales of real estate occurring in the prior year.
(3)Excludes approximately $0.3 million of losses on sales of real estate recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2019 related to loss amounts from sales of real estate occurring in prior years.

Interest and Other Income
Interest and other income increaseddecreased by approximately $2.1$0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018,2019 due primarily to an increasea decrease in interest rates.
Gains (Losses) from Investments in Securities
Gains (losses) from investments in securities for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019 related to investments that we have made to reduce our market risk relating to a deferred compensation planplans that we maintain for BXP’s officers.officers and non-employee directors. Under thisthe deferred compensation plan,plans, each officer or non-employee director who is eligible to participate is permitted to defer a portion of the officer’s current income or the non-employee director’s compensation on a pre-tax basis and receive a tax-deferred return on these deferrals based on the performance of specific investments selected by the officer.officer or non-employee director. In order to reduce our market risk relating
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to this plan,these plans, we typically acquire, in a separate account that is not restricted as to its use, similar or identical investments as those selected by each officer.officer or non-employee director. This enables us to generally match our liabilities to BXP’s officers or non-employee directors under theour deferred compensation planplans with equivalent assets and thereby limit our market risk. The performance of these investments is recorded as gains (losses) from investments in securities. During the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, we recognized gains (losses) of approximately $3.0$(5.4) million and $(0.1)$3.0 million, respectively, on these investments. By comparison, our general and administrative expense increased (decreased) by approximately $3.0$(5.4) million and $(0.1)$3.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively, as a result of increases (decreases) in our liability under our deferred compensation planplans that werewas associated with the performance of the specific investments selected by officers and non-employee directors of BXP participating in the plan.plans.
Impairment Loss
The impairmentImpairment loss may differ between BXP and BPLP as a result of previously applied acquisition accounting by BXP for the issuance of common stock in connection with non-sponsor OP Unit redemptions by BPLP.  This accounting resulted in a step-up of the real estate assets at BXP that was allocated to certain properties.  The difference between the real estate assets of BXP as compared to BPLP for certain properties having an allocation

of the real estate step-up will result in a corresponding difference in the gains on sales of real estate when those properties are sold.depreciation expense. For additional information see the Explanatory Note that follows the cover page of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
At March 31, 2019, we evaluated the expected hold period of our One Tower Center property located in East Brunswick, New Jersey and, based on a shorter than expectedshorter-than-expected hold period, we reduced the carrying value of the property to ourits estimated fair value at March 31, 2019 and recognized an impairment loss totaling approximately $24.0 million for BXP and approximately $22.3 million for BPLP. Our estimated fair value was based on a pending offer from a third party to acquire the property and the subsequent execution of a purchase and sale agreement on April 18, 2019 for a gross sale price of approximately $38.0 million (See Note 12 tomillion. On June 3, 2019, we completed the Consolidated Financial Statements).sale of the property. One Tower Center is an approximately 410,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property located in East Brunswick, New Jersey.property.
Interest Expense
Interest expense increased by approximately $10.8$0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018,2019, as detailed below.
Component Change in interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to
March 31, 2018
  (in thousands)
Increases to interest expense due to:  
Issuance of $1 billion in aggregate principal of 4.500% senior notes due 2028 on November 28, 2018 $11,321
Decrease in capitalized interest related to development projects 6,482
Utilization of the 2017 Credit Facility 3,458
Increase in interest due to finance leases 917
Total increases to interest expense 22,178
Decreases to interest expense due to:  
Redemption of $700 million in aggregate principal of 5.875% senior notes due 2019 on December 13, 2018 (10,295)
Increase in capitalized interest related to development projects that had finance leases (917)
Other interest expense (excluding senior notes) (177)
Total decreases to interest expense (11,389)
Total change in interest expense $10,789
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Component Change in interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2020
compared to
March 31, 2019
  (in thousands)
Increases to interest expense due to:  
Issuance of $850 million in aggregate principal of 3.400% senior notes due 2029 on June 21, 2019 $7,259
Issuance of $700 million in aggregate principal of 2.900% senior notes due 2030 on September 3, 2019 5,082
Increase in interest due to finance leases 1,781
Other interest expense (excluding senior notes) 198
Total increases to interest expense 14,320
Decreases to interest expense due to:  
Redemption of $700 million in aggregate principal of 5.625% senior notes due 2020 on September 18, 2019 (9,865)
Increase in capitalized interest related to development projects that had finance leases (1,781)
Decrease in interest rates for the 2017 Credit Facility (972)
Repayment of a bond financing collateralized by New Dominion Technology Building One (565)
Increase in capitalized interest related to development projects (555)
Total decreases to interest expense (13,738)
Total change in interest expense $582
Interest expense directly related to the development of rental properties is capitalized and included in real estate assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized over the useful lives of the real estate or lease term. As portions of properties are placed in-service, we cease capitalizing interest on these portionsthat portion and interest is then expensed. Interest capitalized for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019 was approximately $11.8$14.1 million and $17.4$11.8 million, respectively. These costs are not included in the interest expense referenced above.
At March 31, 2019,2020, our outstanding variable rate debt consisted of BPLP’s $2.0 billion unsecured revolving credit facility (the "2017“2017 Credit Facility"Facility”), which consists ofincludes the $500.0 million delayed draw term loan facility (the "Delayed“Delayed Draw Facility"Facility”) and the $1.5 billion revolving line of credit (the "Revolving Facility"“Revolving Facility”). The Delayed Draw Facility and Revolving Facility had $500.0 million and $250.0 million outstanding atas of March 31, 2019. At March 31, 2019, the Revolving Facility did not have any borrowings outstanding.2020, respectively. For a summary of our consolidated debt as of March 31, 20192020 and March 31, 20182019 refer to the heading “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capitalization—Debt Financing” within “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsOperations.

On May 5, 2020, BPLP completed a public offering of $1.25 billion in aggregate principal amount of its 3.250% unsecured senior notes due 2031 (See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). We used a portion of the net proceeds from this offering for the repayment of borrowings outstanding under the Revolving Facility.
Noncontrolling interestsInterests in property partnershipsProperty Partnerships
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships increased by approximately $1.6$0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 2018,2019, as detailed below.
Property Noncontrolling Interests in Property Partnerships for the three months ended March 31, Noncontrolling Interests in Property Partnerships for the three months ended March 31,
2019 2018 Change2020 2019 Change
 (in thousands) (in thousands)
Salesforce Tower (1) $116
 $(164) $280
 $
 $116
 $(116)
767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building)(2) 2,298
 462
 1,836
 1,660
 2,298
 (638)
Times Square Tower 6,892
 6,901
 (9) 6,869
 6,892
 (23)
601 Lexington Avenue 4,664
 6,327
 (1,663) 4,850
 4,664
 186
100 Federal Street(3) 2,555
 1,398
 1,157
 3,661
 2,555
 1,106
Atlantic Wharf Office 2,305
 2,310
 (5)
Atlantic Wharf Office Building 2,446
 2,305
 141
 $18,830
 $17,234
 $1,596
 $19,486
 $18,830
 $656
__________________________
(1)See Note 12On April 1, 2019, we acquired our partner’s 5% interest and subsequently own 100%.
(2)The decrease was primarily due to the Consolidated Financial Statements.a decrease in lease revenue from our tenants.
(3)The increase was primarily due to an increase in lease revenue from our tenants.
Noncontrolling Interest—Common Units of Boston Properties Limitedthe Operating Partnership
For BXP, noncontrolling interest–interest—common units of Boston Properties Limitedthe Operating Partnership decreasedincreased by approximately $8.8$45.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 20182019 due primarily to a decreasean increase in allocable income, which was the result of recognizing a greater gain on sales of real estate amount during 20182020 partially offset by an increasea decrease in the noncontrolling interest’s ownership percentage. Due to our UPREIT ownership structure, there is no corresponding line item on BPLP’s financial statements.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
General
Our principal liquidity needs for the next twelve months and beyond are to:
fund normal recurring expenses;
meet debt service and principal repayment obligations, including balloon payments on maturing debt;obligations;
fund development/redevelopment costs;
fund capital expenditures, including major renovations, tenant improvements and leasing costs;
fund planned and possible acquisitions of properties, either directly or indirectly through the acquisition of equity interests therein,therein;
fund dividend requirements on BXP’s Series B Preferred Stock; and
make the minimum distribution required to enable BXP to maintain its REIT qualification under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
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We expect to satisfy these needs using one or more of the following:
cash flow from operations;
distribution of cash flows from joint ventures;
cash and cash equivalent balances;
BPLP’s 2017 Credit Facility and other short-term bridge facilities;
construction loans;
long-term secured and unsecured indebtedness (including unsecured exchangeable indebtedness);
sales of real estate; and
issuances of BXP equity securities and/or additional preferred or common units of partnership interest in BPLP.

We draw on multiple financing sources to fund our long-term capital needs. Our current consolidated development properties are expected to be primarily funded with our available cash balances, construction loans and BPLP’s Revolving Facility, while our unconsolidated development projects are expected to be primarily funded with construction loans.Facility. We use BPLP’s Revolving Facility primarily as a bridge facility to fund acquisition opportunities, refinance outstanding indebtedness and meet short-term development and working capital needs. Although we may seek to fund our development projects with construction loans, which may require guarantees by BPLP, the financing for each particular project ultimately depends on several factors, including, among others, the project’s size and duration, the extent of pre-leasing and our available cash and access to cost effective capital at the given time.


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The following table presents information on properties under construction and redevelopment as of March 31, 20192020 (dollars in thousands):

         Financings              Financings     
Construction Properties Estimated Stabilization Date Location # of Buildings Estimated Square Feet Investment to Date (1)(2)(3) Estimated Total Investment (1)(2) Total Available (1) Outstanding at 3/31/2019 (1) Estimated Future Equity Requirement (1)(2)(4) Percentage Leased (5)  Estimated Stabilization Date Location # of Buildings Estimated Square Feet Investment to Date (1)(2)(3) Estimated Total Investment (1)(2) Total Available (1) Outstanding at 3/31/2020 (1) Estimated Future Equity Requirement (1)(2)(4) Percentage Leased (5) 
Office                                  
The Hub on Causeway - Podium (50% ownership) Q4 2019 Boston, MA 1
 385,000
 $128,118
 $141,870
 $102,300
 $70,007
 $
 88% 
145 Broadway Q4 2019 Cambridge, MA 1
 485,000
 259,016
 366,400
 
 
 107,384
 98% 
20 CityPoint First Quarter, 2021 Waltham, MA 1
 211,000
 $77,622
 $97,000
 $
 $
 $19,378
 63%(6)
Dock 72 (50% ownership) Q3 2021 Brooklyn, NY 1
 670,000
 165,880
 243,150
 125,000
 71,448
 23,718
 33%  Third Quarter, 2021 Brooklyn, NY 1
 670,000
 201,569
 243,150
 125,000
 90,578
 7,159
 33%(7)
17Fifty Presidents Street Q3 2020 Reston, VA 1
 276,000
 56,941
 142,900
 
 
 85,959
 100% 
20 CityPoint Q1 2021 Waltham, MA 1
 211,000
 67,305
 97,000
 
 
 29,695
 63% 
325 Main Street Third Quarter, 2022 Cambridge, MA 1
 420,000
 110,493
 418,400
 
 
 307,907
 90% 
100 Causeway Street (50% ownership) Q3 2022 Boston, MA 1
 627,000
 67,453
 267,300
 
 
 199,847
 70%  Third Quarter, 2022 Boston, MA 1
 632,000
 136,514
 267,300
 200,000
 61,218
 
 95% 
7750 Wisconsin Avenue (Marriott International Headquarters) (50% ownership) Q3 2022 Bethesda, MD 1
 734,000
 60,268
 198,900
 
 
 138,632
 100%(6) Third Quarter, 2022 Bethesda, MD 1
 734,000
 103,848
 198,900
 127,500
 40,768
 8,320
 100% 
Reston Gateway Q4 2023 Reston, VA 2
 1,062,000
 50,218
 715,300
 
 

 665,082
 80%  Fourth Quarter, 2023 Reston, VA 2
 1,062,000
 207,516
 715,300
 
 
 507,784
 72% 
2100 Pennsylvania Avenue Third Quarter, 2024 Washington, DC 1
 469,000
 76,983
 356,100
 
 
 279,117
 61% 
Total Office Properties under ConstructionTotal Office Properties under Construction 9
 4,450,000
 855,199
 2,172,820
 227,300
 141,455
 1,250,317
 78%  8
 4,198,000
 914,545
 2,296,150
 452,500
 192,564
 1,129,665
 74% 
Residential                                  
The Hub on Causeway - Residential (440 units) (50% ownership) Q4 2021 Boston, MA 1
 320,000
 95,129
 153,500
 90,000
 31,750
 121
  N/A
 
MacArthur Station Residences (402 units) Q4 2021 Oakland, CA 1
 324,000
 84,271
 263,600
 
 
 179,329
  N/A
(7)
Hub50House (440 units) (50% ownership) First Quarter, 2022 Boston, MA 1
 320,000
 139,938
 153,500
 90,000
 77,685
 1,247
 41%(8)
The Skylyne (402 units) First Quarter, 2022 Oakland, CA 1
 324,000
 221,806
 263,600
 
 
 41,794
 
(9)
Total Residential Properties under ConstructionTotal Residential Properties under Construction 2
 644,000
 179,400
 417,100
 90,000
 31,750
 179,450
 N/A
 Total Residential Properties under Construction 2
 644,000
 361,744
 417,100
 90,000
 77,685
 43,041
 41% 
Redevelopment PropertiesRedevelopment Properties                 Redevelopment Properties                 
One Five Nine East 53rd Street (55% ownership) Q4 2019 New York, NY 
 220,000
 107,915
 150,000
 
 
 42,085
 90%(8) Fourth Quarter, 2020 New York, NY 
 220,000
 131,712
 150,000
 
 
 18,288
 96%(10)
Total Properties under Redevelopment 
 220,000
 107,915
 150,000
 
 
 42,085
 90% 
200 West Street Fourth Quarter, 2021 Waltham, MA 
 126,000
 5,120
 47,800
 
 
 42,680
 %(11)
Total Redevelopment Properties under ConstructionTotal Redevelopment Properties under Construction 
 346,000
 136,832
 197,800
 
 
 60,968
 61% 
Total Properties under Construction and RedevelopmentTotal Properties under Construction and Redevelopment 11
 5,314,000
 $1,142,514
 $2,739,920
 $317,300
 $173,205
 $1,471,852
 78%(9)Total Properties under Construction and Redevelopment 10
 5,188,000
 $1,413,121
 $2,911,050
 $542,500
 $270,249
 $1,233,674
 73%(12)

___________  
(1)Represents our share.
(2)Investment to Date, Estimated Total Investment and Estimated Future Equity Requirement all include our share of acquisition expenses, as applicable, and reflect our share of the estimated net revenue/expenses that we expect to incur prior to stabilization of the project, including any amounts actually received or paid through March 31, 2019.2020.
(3)Includes approximately $109.8$91.6 million of unpaid but accrued construction costs and leasing commissions.
(4)Excludes approximately $109.8$91.6 million of unpaid but accrued construction costs and leasing commissions.
(5)Represents percentage leased as of May 2, 2019,5, 2020, including leases with future commencement dates.
(6)See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.This property is 65% placed in-service as of March 31, 2020.
(7)This property is 34% placed in-service as of March 31, 2020.
(8)This property is 81% placed in-service as of March 31, 2020.
(9)This development is subject to a 99-year ground lease (including extension options) with an option to purchase in the future.
(8)(10)TheRepresents the low-rise portion of 601 Lexington Avenue.
(9)(11)Represents a portion of the property under redevelopment for conversion to laboratory space.
(12)Percentage leased excludes residential units.


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Contractual rentalLease revenue (which includes recoveries from tenants,tenants), other income from operations, available cash balances, mortgage financings and draws on BPLP’s Revolving Facility are the principal sources of capital that we use to fund operating expenses, debt service, maintenance and repositioning capital expenditures, tenant improvements and the minimum distribution required to enable BXP to maintain its REIT qualification. We seek to maximize income from our existing properties by maintaining quality standards for our properties that promote high occupancy rates and permit increases in rental rates while reducing tenant turnover and controlling operating expenses. Our sources of revenue also include third-party fees generated by our property management, leasing and development and construction businesses, as well as the sale of assets from time to time. We believe our revenue, together with our cash balances and proceeds from financing activities,these sources of capital will continue to provide the funds necessary for our short-term liquidity needs, including our properties under development and redevelopment.
Material adverse changes in one or more sources of capital, including from the impacts of COVID-19, may adversely affect our net cash flows. For example, we may experience a decrease in cash rent collections resulting from restrictions implemented to limit the spread of COVID-19, including delays in tenant improvements and decreases in parking and hotel revenue. In turn, these changes could adversely affect our ability to fund operating expenses, dividends and distributions, debt service payments, maintenance and repositioning capital expenditures and tenant improvements. In addition, a material adverse change in the cash provided by our operations may affect our ability to comply with the financial covenants under BPLP’s 2017 Credit Facility and unsecured senior notes.
Our primary uses of capital will be the completion of our current and committed development and redevelopment projects. As of March 31, 2019,2020, our share of the remaining development and redevelopment costs that we expect to fund through 20232024 is approximately $1.3 billion, net of the approximately $255 million construction loan secured by the 7750 Wisconsin Avenue (Marriott International Headquarters) development project located in Bethesda, Maryland, which closed on April 26, 2019. In addition, we have secured an anchor tenant and plan to commence development in late 2019 at 2100 Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, DC, an approximately 469,000 square foot project with an estimated total investment of approximately $360 million, and have announced a lease with Google, subject to certain conditions, to expand within Kendall Center, replacing an existing 115,000 net rentable square foot building with an approximately 400,000 net rentable square foot, modern Class A office building.$1.2 billion.
As of May 2, 2019,5, 2020, we have approximately $261 million$1.6 billion of cash and cash equivalents, of which approximately $97$124 million is attributable to our consolidated joint venture partners, as well as approximately $151 million held in escrow for 1031 exchanges. Our cash and cash equivalents balance includes the proceeds from BPLP’s issuance of $1.25 billion of 3.250% unsecured senior notes due 2031, which generated net proceeds of approximately $1.2 billion available$1.24 billion. We used $250.0 million of the net proceeds from this offering for the repayment of borrowings outstanding under BPLP'sthe Revolving Facility. WeIn addition, during the first quarter of 2020, we enhanced our liquidity with the sale of our New Dominion Technology Park property located in Herndon, Virginia, which generated net cash proceeds of approximately $254 million.
Although the full extent to which COVID-19 impacts our liquidity and capital resources will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence at this time, we believe that our strong liquidity, including, as of May 5, 2020, the availabilityapproximately $1.5 billion available under BPLP’sthe Revolving Facility, and proceeds from debt financings and asset sales will provide sufficient liquidity to fund our remaining capital requirements on existing development and redevelopment projects, fund pending new developments and still be able to act opportunistically on attractive investment opportunities. During the first quarter of 2019, we extended the loan collateralized by Annapolis Junction Building Six, a joint venture in which we own a 50% interest, for one year at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.00%. Excluding our unconsolidated joint venture assets, we have no debt maturing in 2019.
We also have not sold any shares under BXP'sBXP’s $600.0 million at the market (ATM) program.program and intend to renew the program prior to its expiration in June 2020.
We may seek to enhance our liquidity to provide sufficient capacity to meet our debt obligations and to fund our remaining capital requirements on existing development/redevelopment projects, fund our foreseeable potential development activity, and pursue additional attractive investment opportunities.opportunities and refinance or repay indebtedness. Our unconsolidated joint ventures have approximately $498.8 million of debt maturing in 2020, of which our share is approximately $202.5 million. We have no debt maturing until BPLP’s $850 million of 4.125% senior unsecured notes mature in May 2021, and we intend to continue to evaluate the costs associated with an early refinancing or redemption of all or a portion of this maturity. Depending on interest rates and overall conditions in the debt and equity markets, we may decide to access the debteither or both of these markets in advance of the need for the funds. Doing so may result in us carrying additional cash and cash equivalents pending BPLP’s use of the proceeds, which would increase our net interest expense and it would be dilutive to our earnings by increasing our net interest expense.earnings.
REIT Tax Distribution Considerations
Dividend
BXP as a REIT is subject to a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that BXP currently distribute at least 90% of its annual taxable income (excluding capital gains and with certain other adjustments). Our policy is for BXP to distribute at least 100% of its taxable income, including capital gains, to avoid paying federal tax. On September 18, 2018,December 17, 2019, the Board of Directors of BXP increased our regular quarterly

dividend from $0.80$0.95 per common share to $0.95$0.98 per common share, or 18.75%3%, beginning with the thirdfourth quarter of 2018.2019. Common and LTIP unitholders of limited partnership interest in BPLP, received the same total distribution per unit.
BXP’s Board of Directors will continue to evaluate BXP’s dividend rate in light of our actual and projected taxable income, liquidity requirements and other circumstances, including the impact of COVID-19, and there can be no assurance that the future dividends declared by itsBXP’s Board of Directors will not differ materially.
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materially from the current quarterly dividend amount.
Sales
To the extent that we sell assets at a gain and cannot efficiently use the proceeds in a tax deferred manner for either our development activities or attractive acquisitions, BXP would, at the appropriate time, decide whether it is better to declare a special dividend, adopt a stock repurchase program, reduce indebtedness or retain the cash for future investment opportunities. Such a decision will depend on many factors including, among others, the timing, availability and terms of development and acquisition opportunities, our then-current and anticipated leverage, the cost and availability of capital from other sources, the price of BXP’s common stock and REIT distribution requirements. At a minimum, we expect that BXP would distribute at least that amount of proceeds necessary for BXP to avoid paying corporate level tax on the applicable gains realized from any asset sales.
From time to time in selected cases, whether due to a change in use, structuring issues to comply with applicable REIT regulations or other reasons, we may sell an asset that is held by a taxable REIT subsidiary ("TRS"(“TRS”). Such a sale by a TRS would be subject to federal and local taxes.
Cash Flow Summary
The following summary discussion of our cash flows is based on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and is not meant to be an all-inclusive discussion of the changes in our cash flows for the periods presented below.
Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows aggregated approximately $432.3$858.6 million and $455.1$432.3 million at March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively, representing a decreasean increase of approximately $22.8$426.3 million. The following table sets forth changes in cash flows:
Three months ended March 31,Three months ended March 31,
2019 2018 Increase
(Decrease)
2020 2019 Increase
(Decrease)
(in thousands)
Net cash provided by operating activities$207,234
 $225,778
 $(18,544)$175,197
 $207,234
 $(32,037)
Net cash used in investing activities(223,515) (183,788) (39,727)(73,793) (223,515) 149,722
Net cash used in financing activities(190,612) (92,230) (98,382)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities65,288
 (190,612) 255,900
Our principal source of cash flow is related to the operation of our properties. The averageweighted-average term of our in-place tenant leases, including our unconsolidated joint ventures, is approximately 7.68.3 years with occupancy rates historically in the range of 90% to 94%. OurGenerally, our properties generate a relatively consistent stream of cash flow that provides us with resources to pay operating expenses, debt service and fund regular quarterly dividend and distribution payment requirements. In addition, over the past several years, we have raised capital through the sale of some of our properties and through secured and unsecured borrowings,borrowings.
The full extent of the impact of COVID-19 on our business, operations and equity offerings of BXP.financial results will depend on numerous evolving factors that we may not be able to accurately predict. In addition, we cannot predict the impact that COVID-19 will have on our tenants, employees, contractors, lenders, suppliers, vendors and joint venture partners; any material effect on these parties could also have a material adverse effect on us. See Item 1A: “Risk Factors” for additional details.
Cash is used in investing activities to fund acquisitions, development, net investments in unconsolidated joint ventures and maintenance and repositioning capital expenditures. We selectively invest in new projects that enable us to take advantage of our development, leasing, financing and property management skills and invest in existing buildings to enhance or maintain their market position. Cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2020 consisted primarily of development projects, building and tenant improvements and capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures, partially offset by the proceeds from the sales of real estate. Cash

used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2019 consisted primarily of the acquisition of real estate, development projects, building and tenant improvements and capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures, partially offset by the proceeds from the sale or real estate. estate, as detailed below:
 Three months ended March 31,
 2020 2019
 (in thousands)
Acquisition of real estate (1)$
 $(43,061)
Construction in progress (2)(143,160) (85,632)
Building and other capital improvements(39,154) (32,719)
Tenant improvements(64,172) (54,242)
Proceeds from sales of real estate (3)259,489
 20,019
Capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures (4)(89,997) (26,995)
Investments in securities, net3,201
 (885)
Net cash used in investing activities$(73,793) $(223,515)
Cash used in investing activities forchanged primarily due to the three months ended March 31, 2018 consisted primarily of development projects, building and tenant improvements and capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures, partially offset by the proceeds from sales or real estate, as detailed below:following:
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 Three months ended March 31,
 2019 2018
 (in thousands)
Acquisition of real estate (1)$(43,061) $
Construction in progress (2)(85,632) (150,060)
Building and other capital improvements(32,719) (53,550)
Tenant improvements(54,242) (47,157)
Proceeds from sales of real estate (3)20,019
 116,120
Capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures (4)(26,995) (48,823)
Investments in securities, net(885) (318)
Net cash used in investing activities$(223,515) $(183,788)
___________  
(1)On January 10, 2019, we acquired land parcels at our Carnegie Center property located in Princeton, New Jersey for a gross purchase price of approximately $51.5 million, which includes an aggregate of approximately $8.6 million of additional amounts that are payable in the future to the seller upon the development or sale of each of the parcels. The land parcels will support approximately 1.7 million square feet of development.
(2)Construction in progress for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 includes ongoing expenditures associated with Salesforce Tower,17Fifty Presidents Street, which was completed and placed in-service during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 20 CityPoint, which was partially placed in-service during the year ended December 31, 2018.2019. In addition, we incurred costs associated with our continued development/redevelopment of One Five Nine East 53rd Street, 145 Broadway, 20 CityPoint, 17Fifty Presidents Street, Reston Gateway, 2100 Pennsylvania Avenue, 200 West Street, The Skylyne and MacArthur Station Residences.325 Main Street.
Construction in progress for the three months ended March 31, 20182019 includes ongoing expenditures associated with 191 Spring Street, Salesforce Tower, and Signature at Reston, which were partiallywas placed in-service during the three monthsyear ended MarchDecember 31, 2018. In addition, we incurred costs associated with our continued development/redevelopment of One Five Nine East 53rd Street, 145 Broadway, 20 CityPoint, 17Fifty Presidents Street, 6595 Springfield Center Drive,Reston Gateway and MacArthur Station Residences and Proto Kendall Square residential projects.The Skylyne.
(3)On January 24, 2019,February 20, 2020, we completed the sale of our 2600 Tower Oaks Boulevard propertyNew Dominion Technology Park located in Rockville, MarylandHerndon, Virginia for a gross salessale price of $256.0 million. Net cash proceeds totaled approximately $254.0 million, resulting in a gain on sale of real estate totaling approximately $192.3 million for BXP and approximately $197.1 million for BPLP. New Dominion Technology Park is comprised of two Class A office properties aggregating approximately 493,000 net rentable square feet.
On January 24, 2019, we completed the sale of our 2600 Tower Oaks Boulevard property located in Rockville, Maryland for a gross sale price of approximately $22.7 million. Net cash proceeds totaled approximately $21.4 million, resulting in a loss on sale of real estate totaling approximately $0.6 million. 2600 Tower Oaks Boulevard is an approximately 179,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property.
On January 9, 2018, we completed the sale of our 500 E Street, S.W. property located in Washington, DC for a net contract sale price of approximately $118.6 million. Net cash proceeds totaled approximately $116.1 million, resulting in a gain on sale of real estate totaling approximately $96.4 million for BXP and approximately $98.9 million for BPLP. 500 E Street, S.W. is an approximately 262,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property.
(4)
Capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 consisted primarily of cash contributions of approximately $23.3$64.5 million, $16.8 million and $4.0 million to our 100 Causeway StreetPlatform 16, 3 Hudson Boulevard and Metropolitan Square joint venture.
ventures, respectively.
Capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures for the three months ended March 31, 20182019 consisted primarily of cash contributions of approximately $45.6$23.3 million to our 7750 Wisconsin Avenue100 Causeway Street joint venture.
Cash used inprovided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 totaled approximately $190.6$65.3 million. This consisted primarily of the proceeds from borrowing under the Revolving Facility, partially offset by the payment of our regular dividends and distributions to our shareholders and unitholders. Future debt payments are discussed below under the heading “Capitalization—Debt Financing.”

Capitalization
The following table presents Consolidated Market Capitalization and BXP’s Share of Market Capitalization, as well as the corresponding ratios of Consolidated Debt to Consolidated Market Capitalization and BXP’s Share of Debt to BXP’s Share of Market Capitalization (in thousands except for percentages):
 March 31, 2019  March 31, 2020 
 Shares / Units Outstanding Common Stock Equivalent Equivalent Value (1)  Shares / Units Outstanding Common Stock Equivalent Equivalent Value (1) 
Common Stock 154,515
 154,515
 $20,686,468
  155,315
 155,315
 $14,324,702
 
Common Operating Partnership Units 18,033
 18,033
 2,414,258
(2) 17,765
 17,765
 1,638,466
(2)
5.25% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (callable on and after March 27, 2018) 80
 
 200,000
 
5.25% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock 80
 
 200,000
 
Total Equity   172,548
 $23,300,726
    173,080
 $16,163,168
 
              
Consolidated Debt   

 $11,005,558
      $12,061,224
 
Add: 
            
BXP’s share of unconsolidated joint venture debt (3)     919,217
      1,027,547
 
Subtract:              
Partners’ share of Consolidated Debt (4)     (1,203,572)      (1,198,575) 
BXP’s Share of Debt     $10,721,203
      $11,890,196
 
              
Consolidated Market Capitalization     $34,306,284
      $28,224,392
 
BXP’s Share of Market Capitalization     $34,021,929
      $28,053,364
 
Consolidated Debt/Consolidated Market Capitalization     32.08%      42.73% 
BXP’s Share of Debt/BXP’s Share of Market CapitalizationBXP’s Share of Debt/BXP’s Share of Market Capitalization   31.51% BXP’s Share of Debt/BXP’s Share of Market Capitalization   42.38% 
_______________  
(1)Except for the Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, which is valued at the liquidation preference of $2,500.00$2,500 per share, values are based on the closing price per share of BXP’s Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange on March 29, 201931, 2020 of $133.88.$92.23.
(2)Includes long-term incentive plan units (including 2012 OPP Units and 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units, 2015 MYLTIP Units and 2016- 2017 MYLTIP Units), but excludes MYLTIP Units granted between 20172018 and 2019.2020.
(3)See page 7170 for additional information.
(4)See page 7069 for additional information.


Consolidated Debt to Consolidated Market Capitalization Ratio is a measure of leverage commonly used by analysts in the REIT sector. We present this measure as a percentage and it is calculated by dividing (A) our consolidated debt by (B) our consolidated market capitalization, which is the market value of our outstanding equity securities plus our consolidated debt. Consolidated market capitalization is the sum of:
(1)     our consolidated debt; plus
(2)     the product of (x) the closing price per share of BXP common stock on March 29, 2019,31, 2020, as reported by the New York Stock Exchange, multiplied by (y) the sum of:
(i)the number of outstanding shares of common stock of BXP,
(ii)the number of outstanding OP Units in BPLP (excluding OP Units held by BXP),
(iii)the number of OP Units issuable upon conversion of all outstanding LTIP Units, assuming all conditions have been met for the conversion of the LTIP Units, and
(iv)the number of OP Units issuable upon conversion of 2012 OPP Units, 2013 MYLTIP Units, 2014 MYLTIP Units, 2015 MYLTIP Units and 2016- 2017 MYLTIP Units that were issued in the form of LTIP Units; plus
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(3)     the aggregate liquidation preference ($2,500 per share) of the outstanding shares of BXP’s 5.25% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock.

The calculation of consolidated market capitalization does not include LTIP Units issued in the form of MYLTIP Awards unless and until certain performance thresholds are achieved and they are earned. Because their three-year performance periods have not yet ended, 2017, 2018 and 2019- 2020 MYLTIP Units are not included in this calculation as of March 31, 2019.2020.
We also present BXP’s Share of Market Capitalization and BXP’s Share of Debt/BXP’s Share of Market Capitalization, which isare calculated in the same manner, except that BXP’s Share of Debt is utilized instead of our consolidated debt in both the numerator and the denominator. BXP’s Share of Debt is defined as our consolidated debt plus our share of debt from our unconsolidated joint ventures (calculated based upon our ownership percentage), minus our partners’ share of debt from our consolidated joint ventures (calculated based upon the partners’ percentage ownership interests adjusted for basis differentials). Management believes that BXP’s Share of Debt provides useful information to investors regarding our financial condition because it includes our share of debt from unconsolidated joint ventures and excludes our partners’ share of debt from consolidated joint ventures, in each case presented on the same basis. We have several significant joint ventures and presenting various measures of financial condition in this manner can help investors better understand our financial condition and/or results of operations after taking into account our economic interest in these joint ventures.  We caution investors that the ownership percentages used in calculating BXP’s Share of Debt may not completely and accurately depict all of the legal and economic implications of holding an interest in a consolidated or unconsolidated joint venture. For example, in addition to partners’ interests in profits and capital, venture agreements vary in the allocation of rights regarding decision making (both for routine and major decisions), distributions, transferability of interests, financing and guarantees, liquidations and other matters.  Moreover, in some cases we exercise significant influence over, but do not control, the joint venture in which case GAAP requires that we account for the joint venture entity using the equity method of accounting and we do not consolidate it for financial reporting purposes. In other cases, GAAP requires that we consolidate the venture even though our partner(s) ownsown(s) a significant percentage interest.  As a result, management believes that the presentation of BXP’s Share of a financial measure should not be considered a substitute for, and should only be considered with and as a supplement to our financial information presented in accordance with GAAP.
We present these supplemental ratios because our degree of leverage could affect our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, development or other general corporate purposes and because different investors and lenders consider one or both of these ratios. Investors should understand that these ratios are, in part, a function of the market price of the common stock of BXP and as such will fluctuate with changes in such price, and they do not necessarily reflect our capacity to incur additional debt to finance our activities or our ability to manage our existing debt obligations. However, for a company like BXP, whose assets are primarily income-producing real estate, these ratios may provide investors with an alternate indication of leverage, so long as they are evaluated along with the ratio of indebtedness to other measures of asset value used by financial analysts and other financial ratios, as well as the various components of our outstanding indebtedness.
For a discussion of our unconsolidated joint venture indebtedness, see “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capitalization—Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements—Joint Venture Indebtedness” within “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and for a discussion of our consolidated joint venture indebtedness see “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capitalization—Mortgage Notes Payable, Net” within “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Debt Financing
As of March 31, 2019,2020, we had approximately $11.0$12.1 billion of outstanding consolidated indebtedness, representing approximately 32.08%42.73% of our Consolidated Market Capitalization as calculated above consisting of approximately (1) $7.5$8.4 billion (net of discount and deferred financing fees) in publicly traded unsecured senior notes having a GAAP weighted-average interest rate of 4.04%3.76% per annum and maturities in 20202021 through 2028;2030 (See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements), (2) $3.0$2.9 billion (net of deferred financing fees) of property-specific mortgage debt having a GAAP weighted-average interest rate of 3.94%3.90% per annum and weighted-average term of 7.06.1 years and (3) $498.6$749.1 million (net of deferred financing fees) outstanding under BPLP'sBPLP’s 2017 Credit Facility that matures on April 24, 2022.

The table below summarizes the aggregate carrying value of our mortgage notes payable and BPLP’s unsecured senior notes, line of credit and term loan, as well as Consolidated Debt Financing Statistics at March 31, 20192020 and March 31, 2018.2019.
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March 31,March 31,
2019 20182020 2019
(dollars in thousands)(dollars in thousands)
Debt Summary:      
Balance      
Fixed rate mortgage notes payable, net$2,959,908
 $2,974,930
$2,919,157
 $2,959,908
Unsecured senior notes, net of discount7,547,043
 7,249,383
Unsecured senior notes, net8,393,009
 7,547,043
Unsecured line of credit
 115,000
250,000
 
Unsecured term loan, net498,607
 
499,058
 498,607
Consolidated Debt11,005,558
 10,339,313
12,061,224
 11,005,558
Add:      
BXP’s share of unconsolidated joint venture debt, net (1)919,217
 622,207
1,027,547
 919,217
Subtract:      
Partners’ share of consolidated mortgage notes payable, net (2)(1,203,572) (1,208,154)(1,198,575) (1,203,572)
BXP’s Share of Debt$10,721,203
 $9,753,366
$11,890,196
 $10,721,203

      
March 31,March 31,
2019 20182020 2019
Consolidated Debt Financing Statistics:      
Percent of total debt:      
Fixed rate95.47% 98.89%93.79% 95.47%
Variable rate4.53% 1.11%6.21% 4.53%
Total100.00% 100.00%100.00% 100.00%
GAAP Weighted-average interest rate at end of period:      
Fixed rate4.01% 4.09%3.80% 4.01%
Variable rate3.49% 2.73%2.16% 3.49%
Total3.99% 4.08%3.70% 3.99%
Coupon/Stated Weighted-average interest rate at end of period:      
Fixed rate3.91% 3.98%3.69% 3.91%
Variable rate3.40% 2.62%2.07% 3.40%
Total3.88% 3.97%3.59% 3.88%
Weighted-average maturity at end of period (in years):      
Fixed rate5.9
 6.1
5.8
 5.9
Variable rate3.1
 4.1
2.1
 3.1
Total5.7
 6.1
5.6
 5.7
_______________
(1)See page 7170 for additional information.
(2)See page 7069 for additional information.
Unsecured Credit Facility
On April 24, 2017, BPLP entered into the 2017 Credit Facility. Among other things, the 2017 Credit Facility (1) increased the total commitment of the Revolving Facility from $1.0 billion to $1.5 billion, (2) extended the maturity date from July 26, 2018 to April 24, 2022, (3) reduced the per annum variable interest rates, and (4) added a $500.0 million Delayed Draw Facility that permitspermitted BPLP to draw until the first anniversary of the closing date. Based on BPLP’s March 31, 2019current credit rating, (1) the applicable Eurocurrency margins for the Revolving Facility and Delayed Draw Facility are 82.5 basis points and 90 basis points, respectively, and (2) the facility fee on the Revolving Facility commitment is 0.125% per annum.

On April 24, 2018, BPLP exercised its option to draw $500.0 million on its Delayed Draw Facility. The Delayed Draw Facility bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 0.90% per annum based on BPLP'sBPLP’s March 31, 20192020 credit rating and matures on April 24, 2022.
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As of March 31, 2019,2020, BPLP had $500.0 million of borrowings outstanding under its Delayed Draw Facility, $250.0 million borrowings under its Revolving Facility and letters of credit totaling approximately $2.5 million outstanding with the ability to borrow approximately $1.2 billion under the Revolving Facility. As of May 5, 2020, BPLP had $500.0 million of borrowings outstanding under its Delayed Draw Facility, no borrowings under its Revolving Facility and outstanding letters of credit totaling approximately $0.2$2.5 million outstanding with the ability to borrow approximately $1.5 billion under the Revolving Facility. As of May 2, 2019, BPLP had $500.0 million of borrowings outstanding under its Delayed Draw Facility, $255 million of borrowings under its Revolving Facility and outstanding letters of credit totaling approximately $0.2 million outstanding with the ability to borrow approximately $1.2 billion under the Revolving Facility.
Unsecured Senior Notes, Net
The following summarizes theBPLP’s outstanding unsecured senior notes outstanding as of March 31, 20192020 (dollars in thousands) (See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements):
Coupon/Stated Rate Effective Rate (1) Principal Amount Maturity Date (2)
Coupon/
Stated Rate
 
Effective
Rate(1)
 
Principal
Amount
 Maturity Date(2)
10 Year Unsecured Senior Notes5.625% 5.708% $700,000
 November 15, 2020
10 Year Unsecured Senior Notes4.125% 4.289% 850,000
 May 15, 20214.125% 4.289% $850,000
 May 15, 2021
11 Year Unsecured Senior Notes3.850% 3.954% 1,000,000
 February 1, 20233.850% 3.954% 1,000,000
 February 1, 2023
10.5 Year Unsecured Senior Notes3.125% 3.279% 500,000
 September 1, 20233.125% 3.279% 500,000
 September 1, 2023
10.5 Year Unsecured Senior Notes3.800% 3.916% 700,000
 February 1, 20243.800% 3.916% 700,000
 February 1, 2024
7 Year Unsecured Senior Notes3.200% 3.350% 850,000
 January 15, 20253.200% 3.350% 850,000
 January 15, 2025
10 Year Unsecured Senior Notes3.650% 3.766% 1,000,000
 February 1, 20263.650% 3.766% 1,000,000
 February 1, 2026
10 Year Unsecured Senior Notes2.750% 3.495% 1,000,000
 October 1, 20262.750% 3.495% 1,000,000
 October 1, 2026
10 Year Unsecured Senior Notes4.500% 4.628% 1,000,000
 December 1, 20284.500% 4.628% 1,000,000
 December 1, 2028
10 Year Unsecured Senior Notes3.400% 3.505% 850,000
 June 21, 2029
10.5 Year Unsecured Senior Notes2.900% 2.984% 700,000
 March 15, 2030
Total principal    7,600,000
     8,450,000
 
Net unamortized discount    (17,979)     (16,663) 
Deferred financing costs, net    (34,978)     (40,328) 
Total    $7,547,043
     $8,393,009
 
_______________
(1)Yield on issuance date including the effects of discounts on the notes, settlements of interest rate contracts and the amortization of financing costs.
(2)
No principal amounts are due prior to maturity.
maturity.
The indenture relating to the unsecured senior notes contains certain financial restrictions and requirements, including (1) a leverage ratio not to exceed 60%, (2) a secured debt leverage ratio not to exceed 50%, (3) an interest coverage ratio of greater than 1.50, and (4) an unencumbered asset value of not less than 150% of unsecured debt. At March 31, 2019,2020, BPLP was in compliance with each of these financial restrictions and requirements.
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Mortgage Notes Payable, Net
The following represents the outstanding principal balances due under the mortgage notes payable at March 31, 2019:2020:
Properties Stated Interest Rate GAAP Interest Rate (1) Stated Principal Amount Deferred Financing Costs, Net Carrying Amount 
Carrying Amount (partners share)
   Maturity Date 
Stated
Interest Rate
 
GAAP
Interest Rate (1)
 
Stated
Principal Amount
 Deferred Financing Costs, Net Carrying Amount 
Carrying Amount (Partners Share)
 Maturity Date
 (dollars in thousands) (dollars in thousands)
Wholly-ownedWholly-owned                      
New Dominion Tech Park, Bldg. One 7.69% 7.84% $28,205
 $(149) $28,056
 N/A
    January 15, 2021
University Place 6.94% 6.99% 5,121
 (29) 5,092
 N/A
    August 1, 2021 6.94% 6.99% $3,106
 $(17) $3,089
 N/A
 August 1, 2021
     33,326
 (178) 33,148
 N/A
      

 

 

   
Consolidated Joint VenturesConsolidated Joint Ventures         Consolidated Joint Ventures           
767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building) 3.43% 3.64% 2,300,000
 (28,592) 2,271,408
 $908,664
 (2)(3)(4) June 9, 2027 3.43% 3.64% 2,300,000
 (25,099) 2,274,901
 $910,050
 (2)(3)(4) June 9, 2027
601 Lexington Avenue 4.75% 4.79% 656,356
 (1,004) 655,352
 294,908
 (5) April 10, 2022 4.75% 4.79% 641,836
 (669) 641,167
 288,525
 (5) April 10, 2022
     2,956,356
 (29,596) 2,926,760
 1,203,572
      2,941,836
 (25,768) 2,916,068
 1,198,575
 
Total     $2,989,682
 $(29,774) $2,959,908
 $1,203,572
         $2,944,942
 $(25,785) $2,919,157
 $1,198,575
 
_______________ 
(1)GAAP interest rate differs from the stated interest rate due to the inclusion of the amortization of financing charges and the effects of hedging transactions (if any).
(2)The mortgage loan requires interest only payments with a balloon payment due at maturity.
(3)This property is owned by a consolidated entity in which we have a 60% interest. The partners'partners’ share of the carrying amount has been adjusted for basis differentials.
(4)In connection with the refinancing of the loan, we guaranteed the consolidated entity’s obligation to fund various reserves for tenant improvement costs and allowances, leasing commissions and free rent obligations in lieu of cash deposits. As of March 31, 2019,2020, the maximum funding obligation under the guarantee was approximately $110.5$57.1 million. We earn a fee from the joint venture for providing the guarantee and have an agreement with our partners to reimburse the joint venture for their share of any payments made under the guarantee (See Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
(5)This property is owned by a consolidated entity in which we have a 55% interest.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements—Joint Venture Indebtedness
We have investments in unconsolidated joint ventures with our effective ownership interests ranging from 20% to 60%. ThirteenFourteen of these ventures have mortgage indebtedness. We exercise significant influence over, but do not control, these entities and therefore they are presently accountedentities. As a result, we account for them using the equity method of accounting. See also Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. At March 31, 2019,2020, the aggregate carrying amount of debt, including both our and our partners’ share, incurred by these ventures was approximately $2.1$2.3 billion (of which our proportionate share is approximately $919.2 million)$1.0 billion). The table below summarizes the outstanding debt of these joint venture properties at March 31, 2019.2020. In addition to other guarantees specifically noted in the table, we have agreed to customary environmental indemnifications and nonrecourse carve-outs (e.g., guarantees against fraud, misrepresentation and bankruptcy) as well as the completion of development projects on certain of the loans.
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Properties Venture Ownership % Stated Interest Rate GAAP Interest Rate (1) Stated Principal Amount Deferred Financing Costs, Net Carrying Amount Carrying Amount (Our Share)   Maturity Date Nominal % Ownership Stated Interest Rate GAAP Interest Rate (1) Stated Principal Amount Deferred Financing Costs, Net Carrying Amount Carrying Amount (Our share)   Maturity Date
 (dollars in thousands) (dollars in thousands)
540 Madison Avenue 60% 3.61% 3.72% $120,000
 $(557) $119,443
 $71,666
 (2)(3) June 5, 2023
Santa Monica Business Park 55% 4.06% 4.24% 300,000
 (3,309) 296,691
 163,180
 (2)(4) July 19, 2025 55% 4.06% 4.24% $300,000
 $(2,786) $297,214
 $163,468
 (2)(3) July 19, 2025
Market Square North 50% 4.85% 4.91% 118,090
 (126) 117,964
 58,982
    October 1, 2020 50% 4.85% 4.91% 115,529
 (42) 115,487
 57,743
    October 1, 2020
Annapolis Junction Building Six 50% 4.50% 4.95% 12,941
 (51) 12,890
 6,445
 (5) November 17, 2020 50% 3.41% 3.56% 12,401
 (14) 12,387
 6,193
 (4) November 17, 2020
Annapolis Junction Building Seven and Eight 50% 4.86% 5.14% 35,282
 (69) 35,213
 17,607
 (6) December 7, 2019 50% 4.02% 4.17% 34,630
 (26) 34,604
 17,302
 (5) June 30, 2020
1265 Main Street 50% 3.77% 3.84% 38,760
 (354) 38,406
 19,203
 January 1, 2032 50% 3.77% 3.84% 37,957
 (327) 37,630
 18,815
 January 1, 2032
Colorado Center 50% 3.56% 3.58% 550,000
 (860) 549,140
 274,570
 (2) August 9, 2027 50% 3.56% 3.58% 550,000
 (757) 549,243
 274,622
 (2) August 9, 2027
Dock 72 50% 4.74% 5.88% 142,897
 (5,960) 136,937
 68,468
 (2)(7) December 18, 2020 50% 3.65% 4.79% 181,156
 (2,576) 178,580
 89,290
 (2)(6) December 18, 2020
The Hub on Causeway - Podium 50% 4.75% 5.22% 140,013
 (2,344) 137,669
 68,835
 (2)(8) September 6, 2021 50% 3.59% 4.08% 173,408
 (1,460) 171,948
 85,974
 (2)(7) September 6, 2021
The Hub on Causeway - Residential 50% 4.49% 4.77% 63,499
 (1,572) 61,927
 30,963
 (2)(9) April 19, 2022
Hub50House 50% 3.35% 3.63% 155,370
 (1,062) 154,308
 77,154
 (2)(8) April 19, 2022
100 Causeway Street 50% 3.15% 3.36% 122,435
 (2,894) 119,541
 59,770
 (2)(9) September 5, 2023
7750 Wisconsin Avenue (Marriott International Headquarters) 50% 2.69% 3.24% 81,535
 (4,293) 77,242
 38,621
 (2)(10) April 26, 2023
500 North Capitol Street, NW 30% 4.15% 4.20% 105,000
 (247) 104,753
 31,426
 (2) June 6, 2023 30% 4.15% 4.20% 105,000
 (187) 104,813
 31,444
 (2) June 6, 2023
901 New York Avenue 25% 3.61% 3.69% 225,000
 (1,027) 223,973
 55,993
    January 5, 2025 25% 3.61% 3.69% 224,304
 (849) 223,455
 55,864
    January 5, 2025
3 Hudson Boulevard 25% 6.01% 6.09% 80,000
 (273) 79,727
 19,932
 (2)(10) July 13, 2023 25% 4.97% 5.05% 80,000
 (209) 79,791
 19,948
 (2)(11) July 13, 2023
Metropolitan Square 20% 5.75% 5.81% 159,847
 (107) 159,740
 31,947
    May 5, 2020 20% 5.75% 5.81% 156,701
 (6) 156,695
 31,339
 (12) May 5, 2020
Total       $2,091,329
 $(16,856) $2,074,473
 $919,217
           $2,330,426
 $(17,488) $2,312,938
 $1,027,547
    
_______________
(1)GAAP interest rate differs from the stated interest rate due to the inclusion of the amortization of financing charges, which includes mortgage recording fees.
(2)The loan requires interest only payments with a balloon payment due at maturity.
(3)The mortgage loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.10% per annum.
(4)The loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.28% per annum and matures on July 19, 2025. A subsidiary of the joint venture entered into interest rate swap contracts with notional amounts aggregating $300.0 million through April 1, 2025, resulting in a fixed rate of approximately 4.063% per annum through the expiration of the interest rate swap contracts.
(5)(4)The loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.00% per annum and matures on November 17, 2020.
(6)(5)The loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.35% per annum and matures on December 7, 2019, with three, one-year extension options, subject to certain conditions.June 30, 2020.
(7)(6)The construction financing has a borrowing capacity of $250.0 million. The construction financing bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.25% per annum and matures on December 18, 2020, with two, one-year extension option,options, subject to certain conditions.
(8)(7)The construction financing had a borrowing capacity of $204.6 million. On September 16, 2019, the joint venture paid down the construction loan principal balance in the amount of approximately $28.8 million, reducing the borrowing capacity to $175.8 million. The construction financing bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.25% per annum and matures on September 6, 2021, with two, one-year extension options, subject to certain conditions. In connection with the construction financing, we obtained the right to complete the construction of the garage underneath the project being developed by an affiliate of our joint venture partner and obtain funding from the garage construction lender.  We agreed to guarantee completion of the garage to the construction lender and an affiliate of our partner agreed to reimburse us for our partner’s share of any payments under the guarantee.
(9)(8)The construction financing has a borrowing capacity of $180.0 million. The construction financing bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.00% per annum and matures on April 19, 2022, with two, one-year extension options, subject to certain conditions.
(9)The construction financing has a borrowing capacity of $400.0 million. The construction financing bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.50% per annum (LIBOR plus 1.375% per annum upon stabilization, as defined in the loan agreement) and matures on September 5, 2023, with two, one-year extension options, subject to certain conditions.

(10)The construction financing has a borrowing capacity of $255.0 million. The construction financing bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.25% per annum and matures on April 26, 2023, with two, one-year extension options, subject to certain conditions.
(11)We provided $80.0 million of mortgage financing to the joint venture. The loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.50% per annum and matures on July 13, 2023, with extension options, subject to certain conditions. The loan has been reflected as Related Party Note Receivable, Net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(12)On April 22, 2020, the maturity date was extended to August 5, 2020.
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conditions. The loan has been reflected as Related Party Note Receivable on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
State and Local Tax Matters
Because BXP is organized and qualifies as a REIT, it is generally not subject to federal income taxes, but it is subject to certain state and local taxes. In the normal course of business, BXP, BPLP and certain entities through which we own real estate either have undergone, or are currently undergoing, tax audits or other inquiries. Although we believe that we have substantial arguments in favor of our positionsposition in the ongoing audits, in some instances there is no controlling precedent or interpretive guidance on the specific point at issue. Collectively, tax deficiency notices received to date from the jurisdictions conducting the ongoing audits have not been material. However, there can be no assurance that future audits will not occur with increased frequency or that the ultimate result of such audits will not have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Insurance
For information concerning our insurance program, see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Funds from Operations
Pursuant to the revised definition of Funds from Operations adopted by the Board of Governors of the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“Nareit”), we calculate Funds from Operations, or “FFO,” for each of BXP and BPLP by adjusting net income (loss) attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income (loss) attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders (computed in accordance with GAAP), respectively, for gains (or losses) from sales of properties, impairment losses on depreciable real estate consolidated on our balance sheet, impairment losses on our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures driven by a measurable decrease in the fair value of depreciable real estate held by the unconsolidated joint ventures and our share of real estate-related depreciation and amortization. FFO is a non-GAAP financial measure, but wemeasure. We believe the presentation of FFO, combined with the presentation of required GAAP financial measures, has improved the understanding of operating results of REITs among the investing public and has helped make comparisons of REIT operating results more meaningful. Management generally considers FFO to be useful measures for understanding and comparing our operating results because, by excluding gains and losses related to sales of previously depreciated operating real estate assets, impairment losses and real estate asset depreciation and amortization (which can differ across owners of similar assets in similar condition based on historical cost accounting and useful life estimates), FFO can help investors compare the operating performance of a company'scompany’s real estate across reporting periods and to the operating performance of other companies.
Our computation of FFO may not be comparable to FFO reported by other REITs or real estate companies that do not define the term in accordance with the current Nareit definition or that interpret the current Nareit definition differently. We believe that in order to facilitate a clear understanding of our operating results, FFO should be examined in conjunction with net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership as presented in our Consolidated Financial Statements. FFO should not be considered as a substitute for net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders or net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders (determined in accordance with GAAP) or any other GAAP financial measures and should only be considered together with and as a supplement to our financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP.
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Boston Properties, Inc.
The following table presents a reconciliation of net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders to FFO attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018:2019:
Three months ended March 31, Three months ended March 31,
2019 2018 2020 2019
(in thousands) (in thousands)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$98,105
 $176,021
 $497,496
 $98,105
Add:       
Preferred dividends2,625
 2,625
 2,625
 2,625
Noncontrolling interest—common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership11,599
 20,432
Noncontrolling interest—common units of the Operating Partnership 57,539
 11,599
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships18,830
 17,234
 19,486
 18,830
Net Income131,159
 216,312
Net income 577,146
 131,159
Add:       
Depreciation and amortization expense164,594
 165,797
Depreciation and amortization 171,094
 164,594
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships’ share of depreciation and amortization(18,002) (18,221) (17,627) (18,002)
BXP’s share of depreciation and amortization from unconsolidated joint ventures15,470
 9,444
 18,332
 15,470
Corporate-related depreciation and amortization(395) (405) (469) (395)
Impairment loss24,038
 
 
 24,038
Less:       
(Losses) gains on sales of real estate(905) 96,397
Gains (losses) on sales of real estate 410,165
 (905)
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships18,830
 17,234
 19,486
 18,830
Preferred dividends2,625
 2,625
 2,625
 2,625
Funds from Operations (FFO) attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders (including Boston Properties, Inc.) (Basic FFO)
296,314
 256,671
Funds from Operations (FFO) attributable to the Operating Partnership common unitholders (including Boston Properties, Inc.) 316,200
 296,314
Less:       
Noncontrolling interest—common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s share of funds from operations30,307
 26,108
FFO attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$266,007
 $230,563
Boston Properties, Inc.’s percentage share of Funds from Operations—basic89.77% 89.83%
Weighted-average shares outstanding—basic154,525
 154,385
Noncontrolling interest—common units of the Operating Partnership’s share of funds from operations 32,138
 30,307
Funds from Operations attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholdersFunds from Operations attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders$284,062
 $266,007
Our percentage share of Funds from Operations—basic 89.84% 89.77%
Weighted average shares outstanding—basic 155,011
 154,525


Reconciliation to Diluted Funds from Operations:
 Three months ended March 31, 2019 Three months ended March 31, 2018
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 (in thousands)
Basic FFO$296,314
 172,131
 $256,671
 171,867
Effect of Dilutive Securities       
Stock Based Compensation
 319
 
 320
Diluted FFO296,314
 172,450
 256,671
 172,187
Less:       
Noncontrolling interest—common units of Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s share of diluted FFO30,251
 17,606
 26,060
 17,482
Boston Properties, Inc.’s share of Diluted FFO (1)$266,063
 154,844
 $230,611
 154,705
  Three months ended March 31,
  2020 2019
  Income
(Numerator)
 Shares/Units
(Denominator)
 Income
(Numerator)
 Shares/Units
(Denominator)
  (in thousands)
Basic Funds from Operations $316,200
 172,549
 $296,314
 172,131
Effect of Dilutive Securities:        
Stock based compensation 
 247
 
 319
Diluted Funds from Operations $316,200
 172,796
 $296,314
 172,450
Less: Noncontrolling interest—common units of the Operating Partnership’s share of diluted Funds from Operations 32,092
 17,538
 30,251
 17,606
Diluted Funds from Operations attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. (1) $284,108
 155,258
 $266,063
 154,844
 _______________
(1)BXP’s share of diluted FFOFunds from Operations was 89.79%89.85% and 89.85%89.79% for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively.
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Boston Properties Limited Partnership
The following table presents a reconciliation of net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders to FFO attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018:2019:
Three months ended March 31, Three months ended March 31,
2019 2018 2020 2019
(in thousands) (in thousands)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders$113,382
 $200,907
 $566,333
 $113,382
Add:       
Preferred distributions2,625
 2,625
 2,625
 2,625
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships18,830
 17,234
 19,486
 18,830
Net Income134,837
 220,766
Net income 588,444
 134,837
Add:       
Depreciation and amortization expense162,682
 163,853
Depreciation and amortization 169,285
 162,682
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships’ share of depreciation and amortization(18,002) (18,221) (17,627) (18,002)
BPLPs share of depreciation and amortization from unconsolidated joint ventures
15,470
 9,444
BPLP’s share of depreciation and amortization from unconsolidated joint ventures 18,332
 15,470
Corporate-related depreciation and amortization(395) (405) (469) (395)
Impairment loss22,272
 
 
 22,272
Less:       
(Losses) gains on sales of real estate(905) 98,907
Gains (losses) on sales of real estate 419,654
 (905)
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships18,830
 17,234
 19,486
 18,830
Preferred distributions2,625
 2,625
 2,625
 2,625
Funds from Operations (FFO) attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders (“Basic FFO”) (1)$296,314
 $256,671
Weighted-average units outstanding—basic172,131
 171,867
Funds from operations attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders (1) $316,200
 $296,314
Weighted average units outstanding—basic 172,549
 172,131
_______________  
(1)Our calculation includes OP Units and vested LTIP Units (including vested 2012 OPP Units and vested 2013 MYLTIP Units, vested 2014 MYLTIP Units, vested 2015 MYLTIP Units and vested 2016- 2017 MYLTIP Units).

Reconciliation to Diluted Funds from Operations:
 Three months ended March 31, 2019 Three months ended March 31, 2018
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
 (in thousands)
Basic FFO$296,314
 172,131
 $256,671
 171,867
Effect of Dilutive Securities       
Stock Based Compensation
 319
 
 320
Diluted FFO$296,314
 172,450
 $256,671
 172,187
  Three months ended March 31,
  2020 2019
  
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares/Units
(Denominator)
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares/Units
(Denominator)
  (in thousands)
Basic Funds from Operations $316,200
 172,549
 $296,314
 172,131
Effect of Dilutive Securities:        
Stock based compensation 
 247
 
 319
Diluted Funds from Operations $316,200
 172,796
 $296,314
 172,450


Contractual Obligations
We have various service contracts with vendors related to our property management. In addition, we have certain other contracts we enter into in the ordinary course of business that may extend beyond one year. These contracts include terms that provide for cancellation with insignificant or no cancellation penalties. Contract terms are generally between three and five years.

During the first quarter of 2019,three months ended March 31, 2020, we paid approximately $72.7$81.9 million to fund tenant-related obligations, including tenant improvements and leasing commissions.
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In addition, during the three months ended March 31, 2020, we and our unconsolidated joint venture partners incurred approximately $85$36 million of new tenant-related obligations associated with approximately 1.5 million702,000 square feet of second generation leases, or approximately $56$52 per square foot. We signed no leases at our development properties.did not sign any first generation leases. The tenant-related obligations for the development properties are included within the projects’ “Estimated Total Investment” referred to in Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition” Condition and “Results Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources.”
ITEM 3—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
The following table presents the aggregate carrying value of our mortgage notes payable, net, unsecured senior notes, net, unsecured line of credit, unsecured term loan, net and our corresponding estimate of fair value as of March 31, 2019. Approximately $10.52020. As of March 31, 2020, approximately $11.3 billion of these borrowings bore interest at fixed
rates and therefore the fair value of these instruments is affected by changes in the market interest rates. As of March 31, 2019,2020, the weighted-average interest rate on our variable rate debt was LIBOR plus 0.90%, or 3.40%0.85% (2.07%) per annum. The following table presents our aggregate fixed rate debt obligations with corresponding weighted-average interest rates sorted by maturity date and our aggregate variable rate debt obligations sorted by maturity date.
The table below does not include our unconsolidated joint venture debt. For a discussion concerning our unconsolidated joint venture debt, see Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements and “Item 2Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Capitalization—Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements—Joint Venture Indebtedness.

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024+ Total 
Estimated
Fair Value
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025+ Total 
Estimated
Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Mortgage debt, net
(dollars in thousands)
Mortgage debt, net
Fixed Rate$11,080
 $16,841
 $36,346
 $611,132
 $(3,494) $2,288,003
 $2,959,908
 $2,948,057
$10,076
 $13,440
 $611,132
 $(3,494) $(3,494) $2,291,497
 $2,919,157
 $3,054,533
Average Interest Rate5.39% 5.55% 6.61% 4.79% 
 3.64% 3.94%  
GAAP Average Interest Rate5.07% 4.98% 4.79% % % 3.64% 3.90%  
Variable Rate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unsecured debt, netUnsecured debt, net
Fixed Rate$(7,060) $690,595
 $841,899
 $(7,634) $1,493,454
 $4,535,789
 $7,547,043
 $7,584,456
$(7,720) $840,465
 $(9,074) $1,492,008
 $693,286
 $5,384,044
 $8,393,009
 $8,449,511
Average Interest Rate
 5.71% 4.29% 
 3.73% 3.84% 4.04%  
GAAP Average Interest Rate% 4.29% % 3.73% 3.92% 3.67% 3.76%  
Variable Rate$(341) $(451) $(451) $499,850
 $
 
 $498,607
 $500,728
(341) (451) 749,850
 
 
 
 749,058
 750,379
$3,679
 $706,985

$877,794

$1,103,348

$1,489,960

$6,823,792

$11,005,558
 $11,033,241
Total Debt$2,015
 $853,454

$1,351,908
 $1,488,514
 $689,792
 $7,675,541
 $12,061,224
 $12,254,423


At March 31, 2019,2020, the weighted-average coupon/stated rates on the fixed rate debt stated above was 3.91%3.69% per annum. At March 31, 2019,2020, our outstanding variable rate debt based on LIBOR totaled approximately $500.0$750.0 million. At March 31, 2019,2020, the coupon/stated rate on our variable rate debt was approximately 3.40%.2.07% per annum. If market interest rates on our variable rate debt had been 100 basis points greater, total interest expense would have increased approximately $1.3$1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019.2020.
The fair value amounts were determined solely by considering the impact of hypothetical interest rates on our financial instruments.
Due to the uncertainty of specific actions we may undertake to minimize possible effects of market interest rate increases, this analysis assumes no changes in our financial structure. In the event that LIBOR is discontinued, the interest rate for our variable rate debt and our unconsolidated joint ventures’ variable rate debt and the swap rate for our unconsolidated joint ventures’ interest rate swaps following such event will be based on an alternative variable rate as specified in the applicable documentation governing such debt or swaps or as otherwise agreed upon. Such an event would not affect our ability to borrow or maintain already outstanding borrowings or our unconsolidated joint ventures’ ability to maintain its outstanding swaps, but the alternative variable rate could be higher and more volatile than LIBOR prior to its discontinuance. We understand that LIBOR is expected to remain available through the end of 2021, but may be discontinued or otherwise become unavailable thereafter.
ITEM 4—Controls and Procedures.
Boston Properties, Inc.
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. As of the end of the period covered by this report, our management, with the participation of Boston Properties, Inc.’s Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer), evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934)1934, as amended). Based upon that evaluation, Boston Properties, Inc.’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.
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(b) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. No change in Boston Properties, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934)1934, as amended) occurred during the first quarter of our fiscal year ending December 31, 20192020 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, Boston Properties, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting.
Boston Properties Limited Partnership
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. As of the end of the period covered by this report, the management of Boston Properties, Inc., the sole general partner of Boston Properties Limited Partnership, with the participation of its Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer), evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934)1934, as amended). Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Boston Properties, Inc. concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.
(b) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. No change in its internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934)1934, as amended) occurred during the first quarter of our fiscal year ending December 31, 20192020 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1—Legal Proceedings.
We are subject to legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. These matters are generally covered by insurance. Management believes that the final outcome of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity.
ITEM 1A—Risk Factors.
Except to the extent updated below or previously updated or to the extent additional factual information disclosed elsewhere in these Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q relates to such risk factors (including, without limitation, the matters discussed in Part I, “Item 2Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”), there were no material changes toWe are supplementing the risk factors disclosed in Part I,described under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” ofin our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.2019 (“Form 10-K”) with the additional risk factor set forth below. This supplemental risk factor should be read in conjunction with the other risk factors described in the Form 10-K.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe disruptions in the United States and global economies and we expect it will continue to materially and adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, liquidity and performance and that of our tenants.
Since being reported in December 2019, COVID-19 has spread globally, including to every state in the United States. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic, and on March 13, 2020, the United States declared a national emergency with respect to COVID-19.
The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is continually evolving and public health officials and governmental authorities, including those in all of the markets in which we operate, have reacted by taking measures such as prohibiting people from congregating in heavily populated areas, instituting quarantines, restricting travel, issuing “stay-at-home” orders, restricting the types of businesses that may continue to operate (including the types of construction projects that may proceed) and closing schools, among many others. Most of these restrictions began in earnest in March 2020 and they quickly had a material adverse impact on economic and market conditions around the world, including the United States and the markets in which our properties are located, and on us. It is possible that public health officials and governmental authorities in the markets in which we operate may impose additional restrictions in an effort to slow the spread of COVID-19 or may relax or revoke existing restrictions too quickly, which could, in either case, exacerbate the severity of these adverse impacts on the economy. There is great uncertainty regarding the duration and breadth of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as possible future responses, which makes it impossible for us to predict with certainty the impact that COVID-19 will have on us and our tenants at this time. Factors related to COVID-19 that have had, or could have, a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition, include:
a complete or partial closure of, or other operational issues at, one or more of our properties resulting from government or tenant action, which could adversely affect our operations and those of our tenants;
reduced economic activity impacting the businesses, financial condition and liquidity of our tenants has caused, and is expected to continue to cause, one or more of our tenants to be unable to meet their obligations to us, including their ability to make rental payments, in full or at all, or to otherwise seek modifications of such obligations, including rent concessions, deferrals or abatements, or to declare bankruptcy;
the failure of our tenants to properly implement or deploy their business continuity plans, or if those plans are ineffective, it could have a material adverse effect on our tenants’ businesses and their ability to pay rent;
the impact of new or continued complete or partial shutdowns of the operations of one or more of our tenants’ businesses, including office, hotel and retail tenants, and parking operators, temporary or long-term disruptions in our tenants’ supply chains from local, national and international suppliers or delays in the delivery of products, services or other materials necessary for our tenants’ operations, could force our tenants to reduce, delay or eliminate offerings of their products and services, which could result in less revenue, income and cash flow, and possibly their bankruptcy or insolvency, which in turn could:
reduce our cash flows,
adversely impact our ability to finance, refinance or sell a property,

adversely impact our ability to continue paying dividends to our stockholders at current levels, or at all, and
result in additional legal and other costs to enforce our rights, collect rent and/or re-lease the space occupied by the distressed tenant;
the duration and scope of the mandatory business closures and “stay-at-home” orders have had, and are expected to continue to have, a severe negative impact on our retail tenants that depend on in-person interactions with their customers to generate revenues and have resulted, and are expected to continue to result, in most retail tenants being unable to make timely rental payments in full or at all;
the extent to which COVID-19 decreases customers’ willingness to frequent or prevents customers from frequenting, our tenants’ businesses in the future, may result in our retail tenants’ continued inability to make timely rental payments to us under their leases;
many of our retail and some of our office tenants have approached us seeking either rent concessions, deferrals or abatements, and the extent to which we grant these requests or instead seek to enforce our legal remedies could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, liquidity and cash flows;
the degree to which our tenants’ businesses have been and continue to be negatively impacted may require us to write-off a tenant’s accrued rent balance and this could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and liquidity;
if new or existing actions or measures implemented to prevent the spread of COVID-19 continue to result in increasing unemployment, it may negatively affect the ability of our residential tenants to generate sufficient income to pay, or make them unwilling to pay rent, in full or at all, in a timely manner;
the impact of prolonged restrictions on freedom of movement and business operations, such as travel bans, business closures and “stay-at-home” orders have had, and are expected to continue to have, a material adverse effect on the operators of our parking garages and our hotel property, which negatively impacts our revenues and may also result in a decrease in demand for hotel stays even after the travel bans and other restrictions are lifted;
our failure, or that of any of our joint venture partners’, to meet our or their, as applicable, responsibilities or obligations to the other or to third parties, such as lenders, including a failure to contribute additional capital needed by the ventures or a default by a party under a joint venture agreement or other agreement relating to a joint venture, each of which, in our case, could result in dilution of our interest or a loss of our management and other rights relating to our joint ventures, and in the case of a joint venture partner, could result in our payment of the partner’s share of the additional capital;
the impact of COVID-19 could result in an event or change in circumstances that results in an impairment in the value of our properties or our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures, and any such impairment could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in the periods in which the charge is taken;
we may be unable to restructure or amend leases with certain of our tenants on terms favorable to us or at all;
the impact and validity of interpretations of lease provisions and related claims by tenants regarding their obligations to pay rent as a result of COVID-19, and any court rulings or decisions interpreting these provisions, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and liquidity;
restrictions intended to prevent the spread of COVID-19 have limited, and are expected to continue to limit, our leasing activities, such as property tours, and may have a material adverse effect on our ability to renew leases, lease vacant space or re-lease available space as leases expire in our properties on favorable terms, or at all;

COVID-19 has caused a material decline in general business activity and demand for real estate transactions, and if this persists, it would adversely affect our ability or desire to make strategic acquisitions or dispositions;
the impact of recent and future efforts by state, local, federal and industry groups to enact laws and regulations have restricted, and may further restrict, the ability of landlords, such as us, to collect rent, enforce remedies for the failure to pay rent, or otherwise enforce the terms of the lease agreements, such as a rent freeze for tenants or a suspension of a landlord’s ability to enforce evictions;
the extent of construction delays on our development/redevelopment projects due to work-stoppage orders, disruptions in the supply of materials, delays in permitting or inspections, or other factors could result in our failure to meet the development milestones set forth in any applicable lease agreement, which could provide the tenant the right to terminate its lease or entitle the tenant to monetary damages, delay the commencement or completion of construction and our anticipated lease-up plans for a development/redevelopment project or our overall development pipeline, including recognizing revenue for new leases, that may cause returns on investment to be less than projected, and/or increase the costs of construction of new or existing projects, any of which could adversely affect our investment returns, profitability and/or our future growth;
we may be unable to access debt and equity capital on attractive terms, or at all, and a further disruption and instability in the global financial markets or deteriorations in credit and financing conditions may affect our tenants’ and our access to capital and other sources of funding necessary to fund our respective operations or address maturing liabilities on a timely basis;
the financial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our future financial results, cash flows and financial condition could adversely impact our compliance with the financial covenants of our credit facility and other debt agreements and could result in an event of default and the acceleration of indebtedness, which could negatively impact our financial condition, results of operations and our ability to make additional borrowings and pay dividends;
adaptions made by companies in response to “stay-at-home” orders and future limitations on in-person work environments could lead to a sustained shift away from collective in-person work environments and adversely affect the overall demand for office space across our portfolio over the long term;
the effectiveness or lack of effectiveness of governmental relief in providing assistance to large and small businesses, including some of our tenants, that have suffered significant declines in revenues as a result of mandatory business shut-downs, “stay-at-home” orders and social distancing practices, and the potential for a prolonged, severe recession, could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations;
increased vulnerability to cyber-security threats and potential breaches, including phishing attacks, malware and impersonation tactics, resulting from the increase in numbers of individuals working from home;
the potential that business interruption, loss of rental income and/or other associated expenses related to our operations will not be covered in whole or in part by our insurance policies, which may increase unreimbursed liabilities;
if the health of our employees, particularly our key personnel and property management teams, are negatively impacted, we may be unable to ensure business continuity and be exposed to lawsuits from tenants;
if we choose to pay dividends in our stock instead of cash, our stockholders may have to pay income taxes on the dividends without receiving a corresponding amount of cash;
uncertainty as to what conditions must be satisfied before government authorities lift “stay-at-home” orders and public health officials begin the process of gradually returning Americans to work and whether government authorities will impose (or suggest) requirements on landlords, such as us, to protect the health and safety of tenants and visitors to our buildings could result in increased

operating costs and demands on our property management teams to ensure compliance with any such requirements, as well as increased costs associated with protecting against potential liability arising from these measures, such as claims by tenants that the measures violate their leases and claims by visitors that the measures caused them damages; and
limited access to our facilities, management, tenants, support staff and professional advisors could decrease the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, internal controls over financial reporting and other risk mitigation strategies, increase our susceptibility to security breaches, hamper our ability to comply with regulatory obligations and prevent us from conducting our business as efficiently and effectively as we otherwise would have.
The full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our operations and those of our tenants will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence at this time. The fluidity of the situation presents material uncertainty and risk with respect to our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, liquidity and overall performance. Moreover, many risk factors set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 are heightened risks as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
ITEM 2—Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Boston Properties, Inc.
(a)During the three months ended March 31, 2019, Boston Properties, Inc.2020, BXP issued an aggregate of 14,129461,856 shares of common stock in exchange for 14,129461,856 common units of limited partnership held by certain limited partners of Boston Properties Limited Partnership.BPLP. Of these shares, 1,200376,104 shares were issued in reliance on an exemption from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. We relied on the exemption under Section 4(a)(2) based upon factual representations received from the limited partner who received the common shares.
(b)Not applicable.
(c)Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.


Period
(a)
Total Number of Shares of Common Stock Purchased
 
(b)
Average Price Paid per Common Share
(c)
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
(d)
Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet be Purchased
January 1, 2019 - January 31, 20196,411
(1)$119.07
N/AN/A
February 1, 2019 - February 28, 20191,283
(2)(4)$119.58
N/AN/A
March 1, 2019 - March 31, 201919
(3)(4)$0.01
N/AN/A
Total7,713
 $118.86
N/AN/A
Period
(a)
Total Number of Shares of Common Stock Purchased
 
(b)
Average Price Paid per Common Share
(c)
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
(d)
Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet be Purchased
January 1, 2020 - January 31, 20207,149
(1)$138.12
N/AN/A
February 1, 2020 - February 29, 2020228
(1)$144.56
N/AN/A
March 1, 2020 - March 31, 2020915
(2)$0.01
N/AN/A
Total8,292
 $123.06
N/AN/A
___________
(1)Represents shares of common stock of Boston Properties, Inc.BXP surrendered on January 15, 2019 by employees to Boston Properties, Inc.BXP to satisfy such employees’ tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted common stock.
(2)Includes 114Represents shares of restricted common stock of Boston Properties, Inc.BXP repurchased in connection with the termination of a certain employee’s employment with Boston Properties, Inc. and 1,169 shares of common stock surrendered by employees to Boston Properties, Inc. to satisfy such employees’ tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted common stock.
(3)Represents shares of restricted common stock of Boston Properties, Inc. repurchased in connection with the termination of certain employees’ employment with Boston Properties, Inc.
(4)BXP. Under the terms of the applicable restricted stock award agreements, the shares were repurchased by Boston Properties, Inc.BXP at a price of $0.01 per share, which was the amount originally paid by such employeesemployee for such shares.
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Boston Properties Limited Partnership
(a)Each time Boston Properties, Inc.BXP issues shares of stock (other than in exchange for common units of BPLP when such common units are presented for redemption), it contributes the proceeds of such issuance to Boston Properties Limited PartnershipBPLP in return for an equivalent number of partnership units with rights and preferences analogous to the shares issued. During the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020, in connection with issuances of common stock by Boston Properties, Inc.BXP pursuant to issuances to employees of restricted common stock and exercises of non-qualified stock options under the Boston Properties, Inc. 2012 Stock Option and Incentive Plan and pursuant to issuances under the Boston Properties, Inc. 1999 Non-Qualified Employee Stock Purchase Plan, Boston Properties Limited PartnershipBPLP issued an aggregate of approximately 50,59270,694 common units to Boston Properties, Inc.BXP in exchange for approximately $2.67$4.29 million, the aggregate proceeds of such common stock issuances to Boston Properties, Inc.BXP. Such units were issued in reliance on an exemption from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(b)Not Applicable.
(c)Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Period
(a)
Total Number of Units
Purchased
 
(b)
Average Price Paid per Unit
(c)
Total Number of Units Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
(d)
Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Units that May Yet be Purchased
January 1, 2019 - January 31, 20196,411
(1)$119.07
N/AN/A
February 1, 2019 - February 28, 2019380,470
(2)(4)$0.65
N/AN/A
March 1, 2019 - March 31, 20191,838
(3)(4)$0.25
N/AN/A
Total388,719
 $2.60
N/AN/A
Period
(a)
Total Number of Units
Purchased
 
(b)
Average Price Paid per Unit
(c)
Total Number of Units Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
(d)
Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Units that May Yet be Purchased
January 1, 2020 - January 31, 20208,693
(1)$113.63
N/AN/A
February 1, 2020 - February 29, 2020271,170
(2)$0.37
N/AN/A
March 1, 2020 - March 31, 2020915
(3)$0.01
N/AN/A
Total280,778
 $3.88
N/AN/A
___________
(1)RepresentsIncludes 1,482 LTIP units and 62 2016 MYLTIP units that were repurchased in connection with the termination of an employee’s employment with BXP. Under the terms of the applicable LTIP unit vesting agreements and 2016 MYLTIP award agreement, such LTIP units and 2016 MYLTIP units were repurchased at a price $0.25 per unit, which was the amount originally paid by such employee for such units. Also includes 7,149 common units previously held by Boston Properties, Inc.BXP that were redeemed in connection with the surrender of shares of restricted Common Stockcommon stock of Boston Properties, Inc.BXP by employees to Boston Properties, Inc.BXP to satisfy such employees’ tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted common stock.
(2)Includes 364,980 2016270,942 2017 MYLTIP units. The measurement period for such 20162017 MYLTIP units ended on February 9, 20196, 2020 and Boston Properties, Inc.’sBXP’s total return to stockholders was sufficient for employees to earn and therefore become eligible to vest in a portion of the 20162017 MYLTIP units. Under the terms of the applicable 20162017 MYLTIP award agreements, the 364,980270,942 unearned 20162017 MYLTIP units were repurchased at a price of $0.25 per 20162017 MYLTIP unit, which was the amount originally paid by each employee for the units. Also includes (1) 1,169228 common units previously held by Boston Properties, Inc.BXP that were redeemed in connection with the surrender of shares of restricted common stock of Boston Properties, Inc.BXP by employees to Boston Properties, Inc.BXP to satisfy such employees’ tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted common stock, (2) 4,466 LTIPstock.
(3)Includes 915 common units 620 2016 MYLTIP units, 3,950 2017 MYLTIP units and 5,171 2018 MYLTIP units that were repurchased by Boston Properties Limited Partnership in connection with the termination of a certain employee’s employment with Boston Properties, Inc. and (3) 114 common unitsBPLP previously held by Boston Properties, Inc.BXP that were redeemed in connection with the repurchase of restricted shares of common stock of Boston Properties, Inc. in connection with the termination of a certain employee’s employment with Boston Properties, Inc.
(3)Includes 1,819 LTIP units that were repurchased by Boston Properties Limited PartnershipBXP in connection with the termination of an employee’s employment with Boston Properties, Inc. and 19 common units previously held by Boston Properties, Inc. that were redeemed in connection with the repurchase of restricted shares of common stock of Boston Properties, Inc. in connection with the termination of an employee’s employment with Boston Properties, Inc.
(4)BXP. Under the terms of the applicable restricted stock award agreements, LTIP unit vesting agreements, and MYLTIP award agreements, the shares were repurchased by BXP at a price of $0.01 per share, and the LTIP units and MYLTIP units were repurchased at a price $0.25 per unit, which was the amount originally paid by such employeesemployee for such shares and units.shares.

ITEM 3—Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.
ITEM 4—Mine Safety Disclosures.
None.
ITEM 5—Other Information.
(a)None.
(b)None.
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ITEM 6—Exhibits.
(a)Exhibits
 
3.1
3.2
4.1
   
31.1

   
31.2

   
31.3

   
31.4

   
32.1

   
32.2

   
32.3

   
32.4

   
101101.SCH

The following materials from Boston Properties, Inc.’s and Boston Properties Limited Partnership’s Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 formattedInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. (Filed herewith.)
101.CAL
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. (Filed herewith.)
101.LAB
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. (Filed herewith.)
101.PRE
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. (Filed herewith.)
101.DEF
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. (Filed herewith.)
104
Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL with applicable taxonomy extension information contained in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Capital and Noncontrolling Interests (vi) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vii) related notes to these financial statements.Exhibits 101.*). (Filed herewith.)

Table of Content

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.






 BOSTON PROPERTIES, INC.
   
May 8, 20192020 
/s/    MICHAEL R. WALSH        
  Michael R. Walsh
  
Chief Accounting Officer
(duly authorized officer and principal accounting officer)


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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.






 BOSTON PROPERTIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
 By: Boston Properties, Inc., its General Partner
   
May 8, 20192020  
/s/    MICHAEL R. WALSH        
   Michael R. Walsh
   
Chief Accounting Officer
(duly authorized officer and principal accounting officer)




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