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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q
xQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019
OR
oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC.
THE HERTZ CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
DELAWARE 001-37665 61-1770902
DELAWARE 001-07541 13-1938568
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 (Commission File Number) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
     
  
8501 Williams Road
Estero, Florida 33928
(239) 301-7000
  
  
8501 Williams Road
Estero, Florida 33928
(239) 301-7000
(Address, including Zip Code, and
telephone number, including area code,
of registrant's principal executive offices)
  
   
Not Applicable  
  Not Applicable  
  
(Former name, former address and
former fiscal year, if changed since last report.)
  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Hertz Global Holdings, Inc.    Yes x No o
The Hertz Corporation    Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Hertz Global Holdings, Inc.    Yes x No o
The Hertz Corporation    Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Hertz Global Holdings, Inc.Large accelerated filer oxAccelerated filer xo
Non-accelerated filer
o

 Smaller reporting company oEmerging growth companyo  
 If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has not elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.o  
The Hertz CorporationLarge accelerated filer oAccelerated filer oNon-accelerated filerx
 Smaller reporting company oEmerging growth companyo  
 If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has not elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.o  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Hertz Global Holdings, Inc.    Yes o No x
The Hertz Corporation    Yes o No x
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each ClassTrading Symbol(s)Name of Each Exchange on which Registered
Hertz Global Holdings, Inc.Common Stock, Par Value $0.01 per shareHTZNew York Stock Exchange
The Hertz CorporationNoneNoneNone

Indicate the number of shares outstanding as of the latest practicable date.
  Class Shares Outstanding atOctoberApril 29, 20182019
Hertz Global Holdings, Inc. Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share 83,932,27584,119,340
The Hertz Corporation Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share 
100 (100% owned by
Rental Car Intermediate Holdings, LLC)
      


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HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

   
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Table of Contents
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.    CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Index

  Page
Hertz Global Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
The Hertz Corporation and Subsidiaries 
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 


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HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Unaudited
(In millions, except par value)
September 30,
2018
 December 31,
2017
March 31,
2019
 December 31,
2018
ASSETS      
Cash and cash equivalents$761
 $1,072
$554
 $1,127
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:      
Vehicle236
 386
425
 257
Non-vehicle29
 46
27
 26
Total restricted cash and cash equivalents265
 432
452
 283
Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents1,026
 1,504
1,006
 1,410
Receivables:      
Vehicle796
 531
583
 625
Non-vehicle, net of allowance of $29 and $33, respectively1,009
 834
Non-vehicle, net of allowance of $27 and $27, respectively980
 962
Total receivables, net1,805
 1,365
1,563
 1,587
Prepaid expenses and other assets991
 687
1,107
 902
Revenue earning vehicles:      
Vehicles16,972
 14,574
16,979
 15,703
Less accumulated depreciation(3,395) (3,238)
Less: accumulated depreciation(3,211) (3,284)
Total revenue earning vehicles, net13,577
 11,336
13,768
 12,419
Property and equipment:   
Land, buildings and leasehold improvements1,214
 1,233
Service equipment and other786
 763
Less accumulated depreciation(1,219) (1,156)
Total property and equipment, net781
 840
Other intangible assets, net3,197
 3,242
Property and equipment, net771
 778
Operating lease right-of-use assets1,514
 
Intangible assets, net3,218
 3,203
Goodwill1,083
 1,084
1,083
 1,083
Total assets(a)
$22,460
 $20,058
$24,030
 $21,382
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY      
Accounts payable:      
Vehicle$239
 $294
$649
 $284
Non-vehicle765
 652
630
 704
Total accounts payable1,004
 946
1,279
 988
Accrued liabilities1,306
 920
1,330
 1,304
Accrued taxes, net181
 160
146
 136
Debt:      
Vehicle12,737
 10,431
12,827
 11,902
Non-vehicle4,421
 4,434
4,430
 4,422
Total debt17,158
 14,865
17,257
 16,324
Operating lease liabilities1,513
 
Public liability and property damage439
 427
411
 418
Deferred income taxes, net1,145
 1,220
1,089
 1,092
Total liabilities(a)
21,233
 18,538
23,025
 20,262
Commitments and contingencies

 



 

Stockholders' equity:      
Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value, no shares issued and outstanding
 
Common Stock, $0.01 par value, 86 and 86 shares issued and 84 and 84 shares outstanding1
 1
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, no shares issued and outstanding
 
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 86 and 86 shares issued, respectively and 84 and 84 shares outstanding, respectively1
 1
Additional paid-in capital2,256
 2,243
2,262
 2,261
Accumulated deficit(819) (506)(1,056) (909)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(135) (118)(185) (192)
Treasury Stock, at cost, 2 shares and 2 shares(100) (100)
Total stockholders' equity attributable to Hertz Global1,203
 1,520
Noncontrolling interest24
 
Treasury stock, at cost, 2 shares and 2 shares, respectively(100) (100)
Stockholders' equity attributable to Hertz Global922
 1,061
Noncontrolling interests83
 59
Total stockholders' equity1,227
 1,520
1,005
 1,120
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity$22,460
 $20,058
$24,030
 $21,382
(a)Hertz Global Holdings, Inc.'s consolidated total assets as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 20172018 include total assets of variable interest entities (“VIEs”) of $800 million$1.1 billion and $524 million,$1.0 billion, respectively, which can only be used to settle obligations of the VIEs. Hertz Global Holdings, Inc.'s consolidated total liabilities as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 20172018 include total liabilities of VIEs of $776 million$1.0 billion and $524$947 million, respectively, for which the creditors of the VIEs have no recourse to Hertz Global Holdings, Inc. See "Special Purpose Entities" in Note 6,3, "Debt," and "Other Relationships" in Note 12,9, "Related Party Transactions," for further information.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Unaudited
(In millions, except per share data)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018
Revenues:          
Worldwide vehicle rental$2,584
 $2,413
 $6,694
 $6,240
$1,953
 $1,894
All other operations174
 159
 515
 473
154
 169
Total revenues2,758
 2,572
 7,209
 6,713
2,107
 2,063
Expenses:          
Direct vehicle and operating1,459
 1,348
 4,043
 3,735
1,266
 1,236
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net672
 700
 2,020
 2,144
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges592
 661
Selling, general and administrative265
 217
 765
 661
234
 234
Interest expense, net:          
Vehicle115
 90
 336
 242
112
 94
Non-vehicle73
 86
 218
 223
71
 72
Total interest expense, net188
 176
 554
 465
183
 166
Intangible asset impairments
 
 
 86
Other (income) expense, net(7) (12) (36) 19
(19) (3)
Total expenses2,577
 2,429
 7,346
 7,110
2,256
 2,294
Income (loss) before income taxes181
 143
 (137) (397)(149) (231)
Income tax (provision) benefit(41) (50) 12
 108
1
 29
Net income (loss)140
 93
 (125) (289)(148) (202)
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests1
 
 1
 
1
 
Net income (loss) attributable to Hertz Global$141
 $93
 $(124) $(289)$(147) $(202)
Weighted average shares outstanding:          
Basic84
 83
 83
 83
84
 83
Diluted84
 83
 83
 83
84
 83
Earnings (loss) per share:          
Basic earnings (loss) per share$1.68
 $1.12
 $(1.49) $(3.48)$(1.75) $(2.43)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share$1.68
 $1.12
 $(1.49) $(3.48)$(1.75) $(2.43)



The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Unaudited
(In millions)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018
Net income (loss)$140
 $93
 $(125) $(289)$(148) $(202)
Other comprehensive income (loss):          
Foreign currency translation adjustments1
 9
 (18) 21
8
 
Reclassification of realized gain on securities to other (income) expense
 
 
 (3)
Reclassification of foreign currency items to other (income) expense, net(1) 8
 (1) 8
Net gain (loss) on defined benefit pension plans(1)
(3)
1

(7)(1)
(3)
Reclassification from other comprehensive income (loss) to selling, general and administrative expense for amortization of actuarial (gains) losses on defined benefit pension plans
 1
 
 3
Reclassification from other comprehensive income (loss) to other income/expense for amortization of actuarial (gains) losses on defined benefit pension plans2
 
 2
 
Reclassification from other comprehensive income (loss) to other (income) expense for amortization of actuarial (gains) losses on defined benefit pension plans1
 
Total other comprehensive income (loss) before income taxes1
 15
 (16) 22
8
 (3)
Income tax (provision) benefit related to reclassified amounts of net periodic costs on defined benefit pension plans(1) 
 (1) (1)(1) 
Total other comprehensive income (loss)
 15
 (17) 21
7
 (3)
Total comprehensive income (loss)140
 108
 (142) (268)(141) (205)
Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests1
 
 1
 
1
 
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Hertz Global$141
 $108
 $(141) $(268)$(140) $(205)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Unaudited
(In millions)
 Preferred Stock
Shares
 Common Stock Shares Common Stock Amount Additional
Paid-In Capital
 Accumulated
Deficit
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 Treasury Stock Shares Treasury Stock Amount Stockholders'
Equity
Attributable to
Hertz Global
 Non-
controlling Interests
 Total Stockholders' Equity
Balance as of:     
December 31, 2017
 84
 $1
 $2,243
 $(506) $(118) 2
 $(100) $1,520
 $
 $1,520
Change in accounting principle
 
 
 
 (189) 
 
 
 (189) 
 (189)
January 1, 2018 (as adjusted)
 84
 1
 2,243
 (695) (118) 2
 (100) 1,331
 
 1,331
Net income (loss)
 
 
 
 (202) 
 
 
 (202) 
 (202)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 (3) 
 
 (3) 
 (3)
Net settlement on vesting of restricted stock
 
 
 (3) 
 
 
 
 (3) 
 (3)
Stock-based compensation charges
 
 
 10
 
 
 
 
 10
 
 10
Contributions from noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5
 5
March 31, 2018
 84
 $1
 $2,250
 $(897) $(121) 2
 $(100) $1,133
 $5
 $1,138
 Preferred Stock
Shares
 Common Stock Shares Common Stock Amount Additional
Paid-In Capital
 Accumulated
Deficit
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 Treasury Stock Shares Treasury Stock Amount Stockholders'
Equity
Attributable to
Hertz Global
 Non-
controlling Interests
 Total Stockholders' Equity
Balance as of:     
December 31, 2018
 84
 $1
 $2,261
 $(909) $(192) 2
 $(100) $1,061
 $59
 $1,120
Net income (loss)
 
 
 
 (147) 
 
 
 (147) (1) (148)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 7
 
 
 7
 
 7
Net settlement on vesting of restricted stock
 
 
 (2) 
 
 
 
 (2) 
 (2)
Stock-based compensation charges
 
 
 3
 
 
 
 
 3
 
 3
Contributions from noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 25
 25
March 31, 2019
 84
 $1
 $2,262
 $(1,056) $(185) 2
 $(100) $922
 $83
 $1,005



The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Unaudited
(In millions)


Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2018 20172019 2018
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income (loss)$(125) $(289)$(148) $(202)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:      
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles, net1,952
 2,089
Depreciation and reserves for revenue earning vehicles644
 641
Depreciation and amortization, non-vehicle166
 182
48
 58
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount (premium)36
 33
14
 13
Loss on extinguishment of debt22
 8
Stock-based compensation charges10
 16
3
 3
Provision for receivables allowance29
 28
10
 9
Deferred income taxes, net(39) (138)(4) (36)
Impairment charges and asset write-downs
 116
(Gain) loss on marketable securities(21) (3)(11) 
Gain on sale of Brazil Operations
 (6)
Other1
 (12)(13) 4
Changes in assets and liabilities:      
Non-vehicle receivables(217) (184)(33) (107)
Prepaid expenses and other assets(58) (25)(55) (64)
Operating lease right-of-use assets90
 
Non-vehicle accounts payable119
 140
32
 73
Accrued liabilities106
 (5)28
 4
Accrued taxes, net21
 9
10
 2
Operating lease liabilities(94) 
Public liability and property damage15
 18
(7) 3
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities2,017
 1,977
514
 401
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Revenue earning vehicles expenditures(10,076) (8,683)(3,973) (3,565)
Proceeds from disposal of revenue earning vehicles5,378
 5,285
2,153
 1,782
Capital asset expenditures, non-vehicle(119) (124)(54) (44)
Proceeds from property and other equipment disposed of or to be disposed of47
 18
19
 4
Proceeds from sale of Brazil Operations, net of retained cash
 94
Purchases of marketable securities(60) 
Sales of marketable securities36
 9
Other(5) (4)
 (27)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(4,799) (3,405)(1,855) (1,850)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited
(In millions)


Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2018 20172019 2018
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Proceeds from issuance of vehicle debt11,871
 6,907
3,667
 5,181
Repayments of vehicle debt(9,525) (5,887)(2,736) (3,283)
Proceeds from issuance of non-vehicle debt387
 2,100
341
 127
Repayments of non-vehicle debt(398) (986)(344) (131)
Payment of financing costs(30) (43)(12) (19)
Early redemption premium payment(19) (5)
Contributions from noncontrolling interest owners25
 
Contributions from noncontrolling interests25
 5
Other(3) (1)(2) (3)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities2,308
 2,085
939
 1,877
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents(4) 26
(2) 8
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents during the period(478) 683
(404) 436
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at beginning of period1,504
 1,094
1,410
 1,504
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at end of period$1,026
 $1,777
$1,006
 $1,940


 



 

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:      
Cash paid during the period for:      
Interest, net of amounts capitalized:      
Vehicle$268
 $212
$87
 $82
Non-vehicle171
 164
29
 28
Income taxes, net of refunds15
 40
6
 6
Operating lease liabilities140
 
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash information:      
Purchases of revenue earning vehicles included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities, net of incentives$101
 $69
$431
 $613
Sales of revenue earning vehicles included in receivables658
 443
365
 268
Sales of revenue earning vehicles included in other receivables78
 
Purchases of non-vehicle capital assets included in accounts payable43
 49
45
 42
Sales of non-vehicle capital assets included in receivables3
 1
Receivable on sale of Brazil Operations
 13
Revenue earning vehicles and non-vehicle capital assets acquired through capital lease17
 24
Operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities20
 



The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Unaudited
(In millions, except par value and share data)
September 30,
2018
 December 31,
2017
March 31,
2019
 December 31,
2018
ASSETS      
Cash and cash equivalents$761
 $1,072
$554
 $1,127
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:      
Vehicle236
 386
425
 257
Non-vehicle29
 46
27
 26
Total restricted cash and cash equivalents265
 432
452
 283
Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents1,026
 1,504
1,006
 1,410
Receivables:      
Vehicle796
 531
583
 625
Non-vehicle, net of allowance of $29 and $33, respectively1,009
 834
Non-vehicle, net of allowance of $27 and $27, respectively980
 962
Total receivables, net1,805
 1,365
1,563
 1,587
Prepaid expenses and other assets991
 687
1,107
 902
Revenue earning vehicles:      
Vehicles16,972
 14,574
16,979
 15,703
Less accumulated depreciation(3,395) (3,238)
Less: accumulated depreciation(3,211) (3,284)
Total revenue earning vehicles, net13,577
 11,336
13,768
 12,419
Property and equipment:   
Land, buildings and leasehold improvements1,214
 1,233
Service equipment and other786
 763
Less accumulated depreciation(1,219) (1,156)
Total property and equipment, net781
 840
Other intangible assets, net3,197
 3,242
Property and equipment, net771
 778
Operating lease right-of-use assets1,514
 
Intangible assets, net3,218
 3,203
Goodwill1,083
 1,084
1,083
 1,083
Total assets(a)
$22,460
 $20,058
$24,030
 $21,382
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY      
Accounts payable:      
Vehicle$239
 $294
$649
 $284
Non-vehicle765
 652
630
 704
Total accounts payable1,004
 946
1,279
 988
Accrued liabilities1,306
 920
1,330
 1,304
Accrued taxes, net181
 160
146
 136
Debt:      
Vehicle12,737
 10,431
12,827
 11,902
Non-vehicle4,421
 4,434
4,430
 4,422
Total debt17,158
 14,865
17,257
 16,324
Operating lease liabilities1,513
 
Public liability and property damage439
 427
411
 418
Deferred income taxes, net1,146
 1,220
1,091
 1,094
Total liabilities(a)
21,234
 18,538
23,027
 20,264
Commitments and contingencies

 



 

Stockholder's equity:      
Common Stock, $0.01 par value, 100 shares issued and outstanding
 
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 100 and 100 shares issued and outstanding, respectively
 
Additional paid-in capital3,183
 3,166
3,190
 3,187
Due from affiliate(50) (42)(56) (52)
Accumulated deficit(1,796) (1,486)(2,029) (1,884)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(135) (118)(185) (192)
Total stockholder's equity attributable to Hertz1,202
 1,520
Noncontrolling interest24
 
Stockholder's equity attributable to Hertz920
 1,059
Noncontrolling interests83
 59
Total stockholder's equity1,226
 1,520
1,003
 1,118
Total liabilities and stockholder's equity$22,460
 $20,058
$24,030
 $21,382
(a)The Hertz Corporation's consolidated total assets as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 20172018 include total assets of variable interest entities (“VIEs”) of $800 million$1.1 billion and $524 million,$1.0 billion, respectively, which can only be used to settle obligations of the VIEs. The Hertz Corporation's consolidated total liabilities as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 20172018 include total liabilities of VIEs of $776 million$1.0 billion and $524$947 million, respectively, for which the creditors of the VIEs have no recourse to theThe Hertz Corporation. See "Special Purpose Entities" in Note 6,3, "Debt," and "Other Relationships" in Note 12,9, "Related Party Transactions," for further information.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Unaudited
(In millions)
 Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Revenues:       
Worldwide vehicle rental$2,584
 $2,413
 $6,694
 $6,240
All other operations174
 159
 515
 473
Total revenues2,758
 2,572
 7,209
 6,713
Expenses: 
  
  
  
Direct vehicle and operating1,459
 1,348
 4,043
 3,735
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net672
 700
 2,020
 2,144
Selling, general and administrative265
 217
 765
 661
Interest expense, net:       
Vehicle115
 90
 336
 242
Non-vehicle71
 85
 213
 219
Total interest expense, net186
 175
 549
 461
Intangible asset impairments
 
 
 86
Other (income) expense, net(7) (12) (36) 19
Total expenses2,575
 2,428
 7,341
 7,106
Income (loss) before income taxes183
 144
 (132) (393)
Income tax (provision) benefit(42) (50) 10
 107
Net income (loss)141
 94
 (122) (286)
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests1
 
 1
 
Net income (loss) attributable to Hertz$142
 $94
 $(121) $(286)


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)OPERATIONS
Unaudited
(In millions)
 Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Net income (loss)$141
 $94
 $(122) $(286)
Other comprehensive income (loss):       
Foreign currency translation adjustments1
 9
 (18) 21
Reclassification of realized gain on securities to other (income) expense
 
 
 (3)
Reclassification of foreign currency items to other (income) expense, net(1) 8
 (1) 8
Net gain (loss) on defined benefit pension plans(1) (3) 1
 (7)
Reclassification from other comprehensive income (loss) to selling, general and administrative expense for amortization of actuarial (gains) losses on defined benefit pension plans
 1
 
 3
Reclassification from other comprehensive income (loss) to other income/expense for amortization of actuarial (gains) losses on defined benefit pension plans2
 
 2
 
Total other comprehensive income (loss) before income taxes1
 15
 (16) 22
Income tax (provision) benefit related to reclassified amounts of net periodic costs on defined benefit pension plans(1) 
 (1) (1)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)
 15
 (17) 21
Total comprehensive income (loss)141
 109
 (139) (265)
Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests1
 
 1
 
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Hertz$142
 $109
 $(138) $(265)
 Three Months Ended
March 31,
 2019 2018
Revenues:   
Worldwide vehicle rental$1,953
 $1,894
All other operations154
 169
Total revenues2,107
 2,063
Expenses: 
  
Direct vehicle and operating1,266
 1,236
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges592
 661
Selling, general and administrative234
 234
Interest expense, net:   
Vehicle112
 94
Non-vehicle69
 71
Total interest expense, net181
 165
Other (income) expense, net(19) (3)
Total expenses2,254
 2,293
Income (loss) before income taxes(147) (230)
Income tax (provision) benefit1
 29
Net income (loss)(146) (201)
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests1
 
Net income (loss) attributable to Hertz$(145) $(201)


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Unaudited
(In millions)
 Three Months Ended
March 31,
 2019 2018
Net income (loss)$(146) $(201)
Other comprehensive income (loss):   
Foreign currency translation adjustments8
 
Net gain (loss) on defined benefit pension plans(1) (3)
Reclassification from other comprehensive income (loss) to other (income) expense for amortization of actuarial (gains) losses on defined benefit pension plans1
 
Total other comprehensive income (loss) before income taxes8
 (3)
Income tax (provision) benefit related to reclassified amounts of net periodic costs on defined benefit pension plans(1) 
Total other comprehensive income (loss)7
 (3)
Total comprehensive income (loss)(139) (204)
Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests1
 
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Hertz$(138) $(204)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY
Unaudited
(In millions, except share data)
 Common Stock Shares Common Stock Amount Additional
Paid-In Capital
 Due From Affiliate Accumulated
Deficit
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 Stockholder's Equity Attributable to Hertz Noncontrolling Interests Total Stockholder's Equity
Balance at:       
December 31, 2017100
 $
 $3,166
 $(42) $(1,486) $(118) $1,520
 $
 $1,520
Change in accounting principle
 
 
 
 (189) 
 (189) 
 (189)
January 1, 2018 (as adjusted)100
 
 3,166
 (42) (1,675) (118) 1,331
 
 1,331
Net income (loss)
 
 
 
 (201) 
 (201) 
 (201)
Due from Hertz Holdings
 
 
 (4) 
 
 (4) 
 (4)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 (3) (3) 
 (3)
Stock-based compensation charges
 
 10
 
 
 
 10
 
 10
Contributions from noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5
 5
March 31, 2018100
 $
 $3,176
 $(46) $(1,876) $(121) $1,133
 $5
 $1,138
 Common Stock Shares Common Stock Amount Additional
Paid-In Capital
 Due From Affiliate Accumulated
Deficit
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 Stockholder's Equity Attributable to Hertz Noncontrolling Interests Total Stockholder's Equity
Balance at:       
December 31, 2018100
 $
 $3,187
 $(52) $(1,884) $(192) $1,059
 $59
 $1,118
Net income (loss)
 
 
 
 (145) 
 (145) (1) (146)
Due from Hertz Holdings
 
 
 (4) 
 
 (4) 
 (4)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 7
 7
 
 7
Stock-based compensation charges
 
 3
 
 
 
 3
 
 3
Contributions from noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
 25
 25
March 31, 2019100
 $
 $3,190
 $(56) $(2,029) $(185) $920
 $83
 $1,003



The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Unaudited
(In millions)

Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2018 20172019 2018
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income (loss)$(122) $(286)$(146) $(201)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:      
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles, net1,952
 2,089
Depreciation and reserves for revenue earning vehicles644
 641
Depreciation and amortization, non-vehicle166
 182
48
 58
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount (premium)36
 33
14
 13
Loss on extinguishment of debt22
 8
Stock-based compensation charges10
 16
3
 3
Provision for receivables allowance29
 28
10
 9
Deferred income taxes, net(38) (137)(4) (36)
Impairment charges and asset write-downs
 116
(Gain) loss on marketable securities(21) (3)(11) 
Gain on sale of Brazil Operations
 (6)
Other1
 (12)(13) 4
Changes in assets and liabilities: 
  
 
  
Non-vehicle receivables(217) (184)(33) (107)
Prepaid expenses and other assets(58) (25)(55) (64)
Operating lease right-of-use assets90
 
Non-vehicle accounts payable119
 140
32
 73
Accrued liabilities106
 (5)28
 4
Accrued taxes, net21
 9
10
 2
Operating lease liabilities(94) 
Public liability and property damage15
 18
(7) 3
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities2,021
 1,981
516
 402
Cash flows from investing activities: 
  
 
  
Revenue earning vehicles expenditures(10,076) (8,683)(3,973) (3,565)
Proceeds from disposal of revenue earning vehicles5,378
 5,285
2,153
 1,782
Capital asset expenditures, non-vehicle(119) (124)(54) (44)
Proceeds from property and other equipment disposed of or to be disposed of47
 18
19
 4
Proceeds from sale of Brazil Operations, net of retained cash
 94
Purchases of marketable securities(60) 
Sales of marketable securities36
 9
Other(5) (4)
 (27)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(4,799) (3,405)(1,855) (1,850)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Unaudited
(In millions)

Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2018 20172019 2018
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Proceeds from issuance of vehicle debt11,871
 6,907
3,667
 5,181
Repayments of vehicle debt(9,525) (5,887)(2,736) (3,283)
Proceeds from issuance of non-vehicle debt387
 2,100
341
 127
Repayments of non-vehicle debt(398) (986)(344) (131)
Payment of financing costs(30) (43)(12) (19)
Early redemption premium payment(19) (5)
Advances to Hertz Holdings(7) (4)(4) (4)
Contributions from noncontrolling interest owners25
 
Other
 (1)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests25
 5
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities2,304
 2,081
937
 1,876
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents(4) 26
(2) 8
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents during the period(478) 683
(404) 436
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at beginning of period1,504
 1,094
1,410
 1,504
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at end of period$1,026
 $1,777
$1,006
 $1,940
      
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:      
Cash paid during the period for:      
Interest, net of amounts capitalized:      
Vehicle$268
 $212
$87
 $82
Non-vehicle171
 164
29
 28
Income taxes, net of refunds15
 40
6
 6
Operating lease liabilities140
 
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash information: 
  
 
  
Purchases of revenue earning vehicles included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities, net of incentives$101
 $69
$431
 $613
Sales of revenue earning vehicles included in receivables658
 443
365
 268
Sales of revenue earning vehicles included in other receivables78
 
Purchases of non-vehicle capital assets included in accounts payable43
 49
45
 42
Sales of non-vehicle capital assets included in receivables3
 1
Receivable on sale of Brazil Operations
 13
Revenue earning vehicles and non-vehicle capital assets acquired through capital lease17
 24
Operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities20
 



 


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited


Note 1—Background

Hertz Global Holdings, Inc. ("Hertz Global" when including its subsidiaries and variable interest entitiesVIEs and "Hertz Holdings" excluding its subsidiaries and variable interest entities)VIEs) was incorporated in Delaware in 2015 to serve as the top-level holding company for Rental Car Intermediate Holdings, LLC, which wholly owns The Hertz Corporation ("Hertz" and interchangeably with Hertz Global, the "Company"), Hertz Global's primary operating company. Hertz was incorporated in Delaware in 1967 and is a successor to corporations that have been engaged in the vehicle rental and leasing business since 1918. Hertz operates its vehicle rental business globally primarily through the Hertz, Dollar and Thrifty brands from company-owned, licensee and franchisee locations in the United States ("U.S."), Africa, Asia, Australia, Canada, the Caribbean, Europe, Latin America, the Middle East and New Zealand. Through its Donlen subsidiary, Hertz provides vehicle leasing and fleet management services.

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Basis of Presentation

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q combines the quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 of Hertz Global and Hertz. Hertz Global consolidates Hertz for financial statement purposes, therefore, disclosures that relate to activities of Hertz also apply to Hertz Global. In the sections that combine disclosure of Hertz Global and Hertz, this report refers to actions as being actions of the Company, or Hertz Global, which is appropriate because the business is one enterprise and Hertz Global operates the business through Hertz. When appropriate, Hertz Global and Hertz are named specifically for their individual disclosures and any significant differences between the operations and results of Hertz Global and Hertz are separately disclosed and explained.

The Company's unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of AmericaU.S. (“U.S. GAAP”). In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal recurring nature that are necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and footnotes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

The December 31, 20172018 unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet data is derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. The information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with information included in the Company's Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 20172018 (the "2017"2018 Form 10‑K"), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on February 27, 2018. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with current period presentation.

As disclosed below in "Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements," the Company adopted the financial statement disclosure guidance "Restricted Cash" on January 1, 2018.


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HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited
25, 2019.

Principles of Consolidation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Hertz Global include the accounts of Hertz Global and its wholly owned and majority owned U.S. and international subsidiaries.subsidiaries, and its VIEs, as applicable. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Hertz include the accounts of Hertz, and its wholly owned and majority owned U.S. and international subsidiaries.subsidiaries, and its VIEs, as applicable. The Company consolidates a VIE when it is deemed the primary beneficiary of certain variable interest entities, therefore, the assets, liabilities, results of operations and cash flows of the variable interest entities are included in the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.beneficiary. The Company accounts for its investment in joint ventures using the equity method when it has significant influence but not control and is not the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Out of Period Adjustments

The Company identified a misstatement in its 2016 financial statements, related to the income tax provision, that it corrected in the second quarter of 2017. The cumulative impact of the adjustment was an increase in net loss of approximately $10 million. There was no impact to loss before income taxes. The misstatement related to an error in the tax provision for U.S. income of a foreign equity investment transaction for fiscal year 2016. The Company considered both quantitative and qualitative factors in assessing the materiality of the item and determined that the misstatement was not material to any prior period and not material to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Adopted

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued guidance that replaced most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP. The FASB also issued several amendments and updates to the new revenue standard (collectively, “Topic 606”). Topic 606 applies to all contracts with customers except for leases, insurance contracts, financial instruments, certain nonmonetary exchanges and certain guarantees. The core principle of Topic 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue from customers for the transfer of goods or services equal to the amount that it expects to be entitled to receive for those goods or services, as well as when an entity should recognize revenue gross as a principal or net as an agent and how an entity should identify performance obligations. Topic 606 requires disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments. The Company adopted Topic 606 on the effective date, January 1, 2018, using a modified retrospective approach applied to all contracts. Prior periods have not been retrospectively adjusted.

The impact to the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows is primarily for revenue associated with the redemption of points earned by customers under the Company’s loyalty programs (“loyalty points”). For transactions that generate loyalty points to the customer, a portion of revenue is deferred until the loyalty points are redeemed by the customer. The amount of revenue deferred is equivalent to the retail value of each loyalty point less an estimated amount representing loyalty points that are not expected to be redeemed.


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HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

The cumulative effect of applying the new guidance to all contracts with customers that were not completed as of January 1, 2018 has been recorded as an adjustment to accumulated deficit, net of tax, as of the adoption date as follows:

Hertz Global
(In millions)Deferred income taxes, net Accrued liabilities Total liabilities Accumulated deficit Total equity Total liabilities and equity
As of December 31, 2017$1,220
 $920
 $18,538
 $(506) $1,520
 $20,058
Effect of Adopting ASC 606(51) 240
 189
 (189) (189) 
As of January 1, 2018$1,169
 $1,160
 $18,727
 $(695) $1,331
 $20,058

Hertz
(In millions)Deferred income taxes, net Accrued liabilities Total liabilities Accumulated deficit Total equity Total liabilities and equity
As of December 31, 2017$1,220
 $920
 $18,538
 $(1,486) $1,520
 $20,058
Effect of Adopting ASC 606(51) 240
 189
 (189) (189) 
As of January 1, 2018$1,169
 $1,160
 $18,727
 $(1,675) $1,331
 $20,058

As disclosed above, the Company adopted Topic 606 on a modified retrospective basis, therefore, historical financial information has not been restated for comparative purposes and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods (“legacy guidance”). The following table presents the amounts for line items in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet, statement of operations and cash flows impacted by the adoption of Topic 606 as compared to the amounts that would have been recognized in accordance with legacy guidance. The impact to the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income (loss) is comprised solely of the impact to net income (loss) as shown in the table below:

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HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited


Hertz Global
(In millions, except per share data)As Reported Effect of Adoption Increase (Decrease) Balances Without Adoption
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2018:
Accrued liabilities$1,306
 $245
 $1,061
Deferred income taxes, net1,145
 (53) 1,198
Total liabilities21,233
 192
 21,041
Accumulated deficit(819) (192) (627)
Total stockholders' equity1,227
 (192) 1,419
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2018:
Worldwide vehicle rental revenues$2,584
 $(7) $2,591
Selling, general and administrative expense265
 (1) 266
Income (loss) before income taxes181
 (6) 187
Income tax (provision) benefit(41) 
 (41)
Net income (loss)140
 (6) 146
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests1
 
 1
Net income (loss) attributable to Hertz Global141
 (6) 147
Basic earnings (loss) per share1.68
 (0.07) 1.75
Diluted earnings (loss) per share1.68
 (0.07) 1.75
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018:
Worldwide vehicle rental revenues$6,694
 $(6) $6,700
Selling, general and administrative expense765
 (1) 766
Income (loss) before income taxes(137) (5) (132)
Income tax (provision) benefit12
 2
 10
Net income (loss)(125) (3) (122)
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests1
 
 1
Net income (loss) attributable to Hertz Global(124) (3) (121)
Basic earnings (loss) per share(1.49) (0.04) (1.45)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share(1.49) (0.04) (1.45)
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018:
Cash flows from operating activities:     
Net income (loss)$(125) $(3) $(122)
Deferred income taxes, net(39) (2) (37)
Accrued liabilities106
 5
 101
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements


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HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

Hertz
(In millions, except per share data)As Reported Effect of Adoption Increase (Decrease) Balances Without Adoption
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2018:
Accrued liabilities$1,306
 $245
 $1,061
Deferred income taxes, net1,146
 (53) 1,199
Total liabilities21,234
 192
 21,042
Accumulated deficit(1,796) (192) (1,604)
Total stockholders' equity1,226
 (192) 1,418
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2018:
Worldwide vehicle rental revenues$2,584
 $(7) $2,591
Selling, general and administrative expense265
 (1) 266
Income (loss) before income taxes183
 (6) 189
Income tax (provision) benefit(42) 
 (42)
Net income (loss)141
 (6) 147
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests1
 
 1
Net income (loss) attributable to Hertz142
 (6) 148
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018:
Worldwide vehicle rental revenues$6,694
 $(6) $6,700
Selling, general and administrative expense765
 (1) 766
Income (loss) before income taxes(132) (5) (127)
Income tax (provision) benefit10
 2
 8
Net income (loss)(122) (3) (119)
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests1
 
 1
Net income (loss) attributable to Hertz(121) (3) (118)
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018:
Cash flows from operating activities:     
Net income (loss)$(122) $(3) $(119)
Deferred income taxes, net(38) (2) (36)
Accrued liabilities106
 5
 101

See Note 7, "Revenue," for information regarding the Company’s accounting policies for revenue recognition, including the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers, as well as other required disclosures under Topic 606.

Restricted Cash

In November 2016, the FASB issued guidance that clarifies existing guidance on the classification and presentation of restricted cash in the statement of cash flows. The guidance requires entities to show the changes in the total of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. Additionally, entities will no longer present transfers between cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted this guidance retrospectively in accordance with the effective date on January 1, 2018.

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HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited


Adoption of this guidance had no impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations. The impact to the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of cash flows of adopting this guidance is as follows:

Hertz Global
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
(In millions)As Previously Reported Adjustments As Adjusted
Net change in restricted cash and cash equivalents, vehicle$89
 $(89) $
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(3,316) (89) (3,405)
Net change in restricted cash and cash equivalents, non-vehicle(833) 833
 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities1,252
 833
 2,085
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash(1)
19
 7
 26
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at beginning of period(1)
816
 278
 1,094
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at end of period(1)
748
 1,029
 1,777

Hertz
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
(In millions)As Previously Reported Adjustments As Adjusted
Net change in restricted cash and cash equivalents, vehicle$89
 $(89) $
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(3,316) (89) (3,405)
Net change in restricted cash and cash equivalents, non-vehicle(833) 833
 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities1,248
 833
 2,081
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash(1)
19
 7
 26
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at beginning of period(1)
816
 278
 1,094
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at end of period(1)
748
 1,029
 1,777

(1)The amounts as previously reported were comprised of cash and cash equivalents and did not include restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents.

Not Yet Adopted

Leases

In February 2016, the FASBFinancial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued guidance that replacesreplaced the existing lease guidance in U.S. GAAP. TheGAAP and in 2018 and 2019 issued amendments and updates to the new guidance ("lease standard (collectively "Topic 842"). Topic 842") establishes842 established a right-of-use (“ROU”) model that requires a lessee to record on the balance sheet a ROU asset and corresponding lease liability based on the present value of future lease payments for all leases with terms longer than 12 months.payments. Leases will beare classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. Topic 842 also expandsexpanded the requirements for lessees to record leases embedded in other arrangements. Additionally, enhanced quantitative and qualitative disclosures surrounding leases are required which provide financial statement users the ability to assess the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. Topic 842 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those annual periods with early adoption permitted.

The Company intends to adoptadopted this guidance effective January 1, 2019 using a simplified transition approach for both lessees and lessors. Prior periods have not been retrospectively adjusted and are in accordanceconformance with the effective date, onthen existing guidance under U.S. GAAP ("Topic 840"). The Company utilized the package of practical expedients for existing or expired contracts and did not reassess whether such contracts contain leases, the lease classification or the initial direct costs. Additionally, the Company utilized the historical lease term and did not utilize the practical expedient allowing the use of hindsight in determining the lease term and in assessing impairment of its ROU assets. To determine the present value of its lease payments as of January 1, 2019, the Company utilized the interest rate implicit in the lease agreement. If the implicit interest rate was not provided in the lease agreement, the Company utilized the Company's collateralized incremental borrowing rate as of January 1, 2019. A modified retrospective transition approachAlso, with respect to the Company's real estate leases, vehicle leases and fleet leases, the Company availed itself of the practical expedient for lessees and lessors and elected an accounting policy by class of underlying asset to combine lease and non-lease components.

As of January 1, 2019, the Company accounts for revenue earned from vehicle rentals and rental related activities wherein an identified asset is requiredtransferred to the customer and the customer has the ability to control that asset under Topic 842. Prior to the adoption of Topic 842, the Company accounted for such revenue under Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("Topic 606").

The cumulative effect of applying the new guidance to all leases as of January 1, 2019 that were not completed and with lease terms in excess of twelve months has been recorded as of the adoption date as follows:

Hertz Global
(In millions)Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets Prepaid and Other Assets Total Assets Operating Lease Liabilities Accrued Liabilities Total Liabilities Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
As of December 31, 2018$
 $902
 $21,382
 $
 $1,304
 $20,262
 $21,382
Effect of Adopting Topic 8421,585
 (45) 1,540
 1,588
 (48) 1,540
 1,540
As of January 1, 2019$1,585
 $857
 $22,922
 $1,588
 $1,256
 $21,802
 $22,922

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

both lessees and lessors for existing leases at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The Company intends to avail itself of the allowable practical expedients for existing or expired contracts of lessees and lessors wherein the Company would not be required to reassess whether such contracts contain leases, the lease classification or the initial direct costs. Additionally, with respect to its real estate and fleet leases, the Company intends to avail itself of the practical expedient for lessees which allows it to elect an accounting policy by class of underlying asset to combine lease and non-lease components. The Company does not intend to utilize the practical expedient which allows the use of hindsight by lessees and lessors in determining the lease term and in assessing impairment of its ROU assets. The Company is in the process of evaluating whether to avail itself of other allowable practicable expedients during transition.

In July 2018, the FASB issued guidance related to Topic 842 that provides an additional transition method that would allow the Company to only apply the new lease standard in the year of adoption. Additionally, the guidance provides a practical expedient for lessors that would allow the Company to elect as an accounting policy, by class of underlying asset, to combine non-lease components with the related lease components, if certain conditions are met. This could allow the Company to account for all revenue earned from the operations of rental vehicles and from other forms of rental related activities under the new lease guidance. The Company plans to adopt the new transition method which allows the application of the standard at the adoption date, January 1, 2019, and will recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balances of retained earnings in the period of adoption. The Company intends to avail itself of the practical expedient for lessors which allows it to elect an accounting policy by class of underlying asset to combine lease and non-lease components, with respect to its real estate and fleet leases.Hertz

Lessee
(In millions)Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets Prepaid and Other Assets Total Assets Operating Lease Liabilities Accrued Liabilities Total Liabilities Total Liabilities and Stockholder's Equity
As of December 31, 2018$
 $902
 $21,382
 $
 $1,304
 $20,264
 $21,382
Effect of Adopting Topic 8421,585
 (45) 1,540
 1,588
 (48) 1,540
 1,540
As of January 1, 2019$1,585
 $857
 $22,922
 $1,588
 $1,256
 $21,804
 $22,922

Adoption of Topic 842 will result in a material increase indid not impact the Company's lease-related assets and liabilities on its balance sheet, primarilyresults of operations or cash flows. See Note 4, "Leases," for information regarding the Company’s accounting policies for leases, of rental locations andas well as other assets. Additionally, adoption of this guidance will impact the statement of cash flows with respect to the presentation of the Company's operating activities, but is not expected to impact its presentation of investing or financing activities. Adoption ofrequired disclosures under Topic 842 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations. The Company has reached conclusions on key accounting assessments related to its leases which includes an accounting policy election to not recognize ROU assets or lease liabilities for short-term leases (i.e. those with a term of 12 months or less). The Company is performing an analysis of its lease portfolio to ensure proper application of the new guidance including implementation of internal controls over financial reporting.842.

Lessor

The Company has concluded that revenue earned from the rental and leasing of vehicles and from other forms of rental related activities wherein an identified asset is transferred to the customer and the customer has the ability to control that asset is within the scope of this guidance and that additional disclosures regarding lease revenue are required upon adoption. The Company is in the process of evaluating the breakdown of its vehicle rental revenues into lease and non-lease components to determine if the recognition timing and pattern of transfer of the non-lease components meet the practical expedient requirements. There is no impact to the nature, timing or recognition of rental lease revenue upon adoption of this guidance.

Reporting Comprehensive Income

In February 2018, the FASB issued guidance that allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for the stranded tax effects resulting from the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("TCJA"). The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those annual periods. The guidance should be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the TCJA is recognized. The Company will adopt this guidance on January 1, 2019, in accordance with the effective date. Adoption of this guidance will result in a reclassification of certain amounts from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings as of the date adopted.


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited
Not Yet Adopted

Changes to Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans

In August 2018, the FASB issued guidance that modifies disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans to remove disclosures no longer considered cost beneficial, add disclosures identified as relevant and clarify certain disclosure requirements. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020 using a retrospective transition method. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is in the process of determining the timing of adoption and assessing the overall impact of adopting this guidance on its disclosures.

Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement

In August 2018, the FASB issued guidance on a customer's accounting for implementation fees paid in a cloud computing service contract arrangement that addresses which implementation costs to capitalize as an asset and which costs to expense. Capitalized implementation fees are to be expensed over the term of the cloud computing arrangement, and the expense is required to be recognized in the same line item in the income statement as the associated hosting service expenses. The entity is also required to present the capitalized implementation fees on the balance sheet in the same line item as the prepayment for hosting service fees associated with the cloud computing arrangement.

The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those annual periods using a retrospective or prospective transition method. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period. The Company intends to adopt this guidance when effective, on January 1, 2020, using a prospective transition method and is in the process of determining the method and timing of adoption and assessing the overall impact of adopting this guidance on its financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
  
Note 3—Acquisitions and Divestitures

Divestitures

Equity Investment

The Company had an investment that was accounted for under the equity method. In March 2017, the Company determined it had an other than temporary loss in value of its investment and recorded an impairment charge of $30 million, which is included in other (income) expense, net in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. In September 2017, the investee was dissolved and the Company no longer has an ownership interest in the entity.

Brazil Operations

In August 2017, the Company completed the sale of Car Rental Systems do Brasil Locação de Veiculos Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company located in Brazil ("Brazil Operations"), to Localiza Fleet S.A., a corporation headquartered in Brazil, and received proceeds of $115 million, of which $13 million was placed in escrow to secure certain indemnification obligations. Prior to the sale, the Brazil Operations were reported in the Company's International Rental Car Segment. As a result of the sale, the Company recorded a $6 million gain, net of the impact of foreign currency adjustments, which is included in other (income) expense, net in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. As part of the sale, both companies entered into referral and brand cooperation agreements to govern their ongoing relationship which have an initial term of twenty years with an option to extend for another twenty years. The alliance also involves the exchange of knowledge in areas of technology, customer service and operational excellence.


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited


Note 4—Revenue Earning Vehicles

The components of revenue earning vehicles, net are as follows:
(In millions)September 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
Revenue earning vehicles$16,376
 $14,209
Less accumulated depreciation(3,231) (3,123)
 13,145
 11,086
Revenue earning vehicles held for sale, net432
 250
Revenue earning vehicles, net$13,577
 $11,336

Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net includes the following:
 Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions)2018 2017 2018 2017
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles$619
 $636
 $1,847
 $1,902
(Gain) loss on disposal of revenue earning vehicles, net(a)
27
 43
 105
 187
Lease charges26
 21
 68
 55
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net$672
 $700
 $2,020
 $2,144

(a)    (Gain) loss on disposal of revenue earning vehicles, net by segment is as follows:
 Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions)2018 2017 2018 2017
U.S. Rental Car(i)
$29
 $43
 $107
 $187
International Rental Car(2) 
 (2) 
Total$27
 $43
 $105
 $187

(i)Includes costs associated with the Company's U.S. vehicle sales operations of $39 million and $36 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $109 million and $99 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Depreciation rates are reviewed on a quarterly basis based on management's ongoing assessment of present and estimated future market conditions, their effect on residual values at the time of disposal and the estimated holding periods for the vehicles. The impact of depreciation rate changes is as follows:
Increase (decrease)Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions)2018 2017 2018 2017
U.S. Rental Car(a)
$(32) $6
 $(20) $68
International Rental Car(1) 4
 2
 5
Total$(33) $10
 $(18) $73

(a)The depreciation rate changes in the U.S. Rental Car operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 include a net decrease in depreciation expense of $30 million based on the review completed during the third quarter of 2018. The depreciation rate changes in the U.S. Rental Car operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 include a net decrease in depreciation expense of $15 million based on the review completed during the third quarter of 2017.


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

Note 5—Intangible Asset Impairment

As a result of declines in revenue and profitability of the Company and a decline in the share price of Hertz Global's common stock, the Company performed an impairment analysis of its indefinite-lived intangible assets as of June 30, 2017 using the relief from royalty method, a measurement using level 3 inputs under the U.S. GAAP fair value hierarchy. As a result of the analysis, the Company concluded that there was an impairment of the Dollar Thrifty tradename in its U.S. Rental Car segment and recorded a charge of $86 million. The impairment was largely due to a decrease in long-term revenue projections coupled with an increase in the weighted average cost of capital. The carrying value of the Dollar Thrifty tradename subsequent to recording the impairment charge is approximately $934 million, representing its estimated fair value.

Note 6—Debt

The Company's debt, including its available credit facilities, consists of the following ($ in millions):
Facility Weighted Average Interest Rate
as of
September 30, 2018
 Fixed or
Floating
Interest
Rate
 Maturity September 30,
2018
 December 31,
2017
Non-Vehicle Debt          
Senior Term Loan 5.00% Floating 6/2023 $677
 $688
Senior RCF N/A Floating 6/2021 
 
Senior Notes(1)
 6.13% Fixed 10/2020-10/2024 2,500
 2,500
Senior Second Priority Secured Notes 7.63% Fixed 6/2022 1,250
 1,250
Promissory Notes 7.00% Fixed 1/2028 27
 27
Other Non-Vehicle Debt 3.08% Fixed Various 2
 11
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs and Net (Discount) Premium       (35) (42)
Total Non-Vehicle Debt       4,421
 4,434
Vehicle Debt          
HVF U.S. Vehicle Medium Term Notes        
HVF Series 2010-1 N/A N/A N/A 
 39
HVF Series 2013-1(2)
 N/A N/A N/A 
 625
        
 664
HVF II U.S. ABS Program          
HVF II U.S. Vehicle Variable Funding Notes        
HVF II Series 2013-A(2)
 3.68% Floating 3/2020 3,170
 1,970
HVF II Series 2013-B(2)
 3.66% Floating 3/2020 15
 123
        3,185
 2,093
Facility Weighted Average Interest Rate
as of
March 31, 2019
 Fixed or
Floating
Interest
Rate
 Maturity March 31,
2019
 December 31,
2018
Non-Vehicle Debt          
Senior Term Loan 5.25% Floating 6/2023 $670
 $674
Senior RCF N/A Floating 6/2021 
 

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

Facility Weighted Average Interest Rate
as of
September 30, 2018
 Fixed or
Floating
Interest
Rate
 Maturity September 30,
2018
 December 31,
2017
HVF II U.S. Vehicle Medium Term Notes        
HVF II Series 2015-1(2)
 2.93% Fixed 3/2020 780
 780
HVF II Series 2015-2(2)
 N/A N/A N/A 
 265
HVF II Series 2015-3(2)
 3.10% Fixed 9/2020 371
 371
HVF II Series 2016-1(2)
 2.89% Fixed 3/2019 466
 466
HVF II Series 2016-2(2)
 3.41% Fixed 3/2021 595
 595
HVF II Series 2016-3(2)
 2.72% Fixed 7/2019 424
 424
HVF II Series 2016-4(2)
 3.09% Fixed 7/2021 424
 424
HVF II Series 2017-1(2)
 3.38% Fixed 10/2020 450
 450
HVF II Series 2017-2(2)
 3.57% Fixed 10/2022 350
 350
HVF II Series 2018-1(2)
 3.41% Fixed 2/2023 1,000
 
HVF II Series 2018-2(2)
 3.80% Fixed 6/2021 200
 
HVF II Series 2018-3(2)
 4.15% Fixed 7/2023 200
 
        5,260
 4,125
Donlen ABS Program          
HFLF Variable Funding Notes          
HFLF Series 2013-2(2)
 2.72% Floating 3/2020 170
 380
        170
 380
HFLF Medium Term Notes          
HFLF Series 2015-1(3)
 3.22% Floating 10/2018-3/2019 58
 145
HFLF Series 2016-1(3)
 3.28% Both 10/2018-2/2020 204
 318
HFLF Series 2017-1(3)
 2.66% Both 10/2018-2/2021 437
 500
HFLF Series 2018-1(3)
 2.58% Both 7/2019-6/2021 550
 
        1,249
 963
Vehicle Debt - Other          
U.S. Vehicle RCF 4.52% Floating 6/2021 133
 186
European Revolving Credit Facility 2.95% Floating 10/2018-3/2020 514
 184
European Vehicle Notes(4)
 5.07% Fixed 10/2021-3/2023 851
 773
European Securitization(2)
 1.70% Floating 10/2018-3/2020 515
 367
Canadian Securitization(2)
 3.27% Floating 10/2018-3/2020 315
 237
Australian Securitization(2)
 3.56% Floating 3/2020 142
 155
New Zealand RCF 4.61% Floating 3/2020 40
 42
U.K. Financing Facility 3.08% Floating 10/2018-8/2021 363
 251
Other Vehicle Debt 4.01% Floating 10/2018-10/2022 47
 51
        2,920
 2,246
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs and Net (Discount) Premium       (47) (40)
Total Vehicle Debt       12,737
 10,431
Total Debt       $17,158
 $14,865
N/A - Not applicable
Facility Weighted Average Interest Rate
as of
March 31, 2019
 Fixed or
Floating
Interest
Rate
 Maturity March 31,
2019
 December 31,
2018
Senior Notes(1)
 6.13% Fixed 10/2020-10/2024 2,500
 2,500
Senior Second Priority Secured Notes 7.63% Fixed 6/2022 1,250
 1,250
Promissory Notes 7.00% Fixed 1/2028 27
 27
Other Non-Vehicle Debt 6.14% Fixed Various 13
 4
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs and Net (Discount) Premium       (30) (33)
Total Non-Vehicle Debt       4,430
 4,422
Vehicle Debt          
HVF II U.S. ABS Program          
HVF II U.S. Vehicle Variable Funding Notes        
HVF II Series 2013-A(2)
 3.67% Floating 3/2021 3,570
 2,940
HVF II Series 2019-A(2)
 N/A Floating 10/2019 
 
        3,570
 2,940
HVF II U.S. Vehicle Medium Term Notes        
HVF II Series 2015-1(2)
 2.93% Fixed 3/2020 780
 780
HVF II Series 2015-3(2)
 3.10% Fixed 9/2020 371
 371
HVF II Series 2016-1(2)
 N/A N/A N/A 
 466
HVF II Series 2016-2(2)
 3.41% Fixed 3/2021 595
 595
HVF II Series 2016-3(2)
 2.72% Fixed 7/2019 424
 424
HVF II Series 2016-4(2)
 3.09% Fixed 7/2021 424
 424
HVF II Series 2017-1(2)
 3.38% Fixed 10/2020 450
 450
HVF II Series 2017-2(2)
 3.57% Fixed 10/2022 350
 350
HVF II Series 2018-1(2)
 3.41% Fixed 2/2023 1,000
 1,000
HVF II Series 2018-2(2)
 3.80% Fixed 6/2021 200
 200
HVF II Series 2018-3(2)
 4.15% Fixed 7/2023 200
 200
HVF II Series 2019-1(2)
 3.85% Fixed 3/2022 700
 
        5,494
 5,260
Donlen ABS Program          
HFLF Variable Funding Notes          
HFLF Series 2013-2(2)
 3.86% Floating 3/2021 482
 320
        482
 320
HFLF Medium Term Notes          
HFLF Series 2015-1(3)
 N/A N/A N/A 
 33
HFLF Series 2016-1(3)
 3.81% Both 4/2019-2/2020 136
 171
HFLF Series 2017-1(3)
 2.86% Both 4/2019-4/2021 352
 397
HFLF Series 2018-1(3)
 3.28% Both 7/2019-6/2021 550
 550
        1,038
 1,151

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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

Facility Weighted Average Interest Rate
as of
March 31, 2019
 Fixed or
Floating
Interest
Rate
 Maturity March 31,
2019
 December 31,
2018
Vehicle Debt - Other          
U.S. Vehicle RCF 4.98% Floating 6/2021 146
 146
European Vehicle Notes(4)
 5.07% Fixed 10/2021-3/2023 815
 829
European ABS(2)
 1.75% Floating 10/2020 585
 600
Canadian Securitization(2)
 3.57% Floating 3/2020 261
 220
Australian Securitization(2)
 3.56% Floating 3/2020 155
 155
New Zealand RCF 4.60% Floating 3/2020 41
 40
U.K. Financing Facility 3.08% Floating 4/2019-9/2021 244
 242
Other Vehicle Debt 3.98% Floating 4/2019-10/2022 39
 42
        2,286
 2,274
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs and Net (Discount) Premium       (43) (43)
Total Vehicle Debt       12,827
 11,902
Total Debt       $17,257
 $16,324
N/A - Not applicable

(1)References to the "Senior Notes" include the series of Hertz's unsecured senior notes set forth onin the table below. Outstanding principal amounts for each such series of the Senior Notes is also specified below:
(In millions)Outstanding PrincipalOutstanding Principal
Senior NotesSeptember 30, 2018 December 31, 2017March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
5.875% Senior Notes due October 2020$700
 $700
$700
 $700
7.375% Senior Notes due January 2021500
 500
500
 500
6.250% Senior Notes due October 2022500
 500
500
 500
5.500% Senior Notes due October 2024800
 800
800
 800
$2,500
 $2,500
$2,500
 $2,500

(2)Maturity reference is to the earlier "expected final maturity date" as opposed to the subsequent "legal final maturity date." The expected final maturity date is the date by which Hertz and investors in the relevant indebtedness expect the outstanding principal of the relevant indebtedness to be repaid in full. The legal final maturity date is the date on which the outstanding principal of the relevant indebtedness is legally due and payable in full.

(3)In the case of the Hertz Fleet Lease Funding LP ("HFLF") Medium Term Notes, such notes are repayable from cash flows derived from third-party leases comprising the underlying HFLF collateral pool. The initial maturity date referenced for each series of HFLF Medium Term Notes represents the end of the revolving period for such series, at which time the related notes begin to amortize monthly by an amount equal to the lease collections payable to that series. To the extent the revolving period already has ended, the initial maturity date reflected is October 2018.April 2019. The second maturity date referenced for each series of HFLF Medium Term Notes represents the date by which Hertz and the investors in the related series expect such series of notes to be repaid in full, which is based upon various assumptions made at the time of pricing of such notes, including the contractual amortization of the underlying leases as well as the assumed rate of prepayments of such leases. Such maturity reference is to the “expected final maturity date” as opposed to the subsequent “legal final maturity date.” The legal final maturity date is the date on which the relevant indebtedness is legally due and payable. Although the underlying lease cash flows that support the repayment of the HFLF Medium Term Notes may vary, the cash flows generally are expected to approximate a straight-line amortization of the related notes from the initial maturity date through the expected final maturity date.


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

(4)References to the "European Vehicle Notes" include the series of Hertz Holdings Netherlands B.V.'s, an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Hertz organized under the laws of Thethe Netherlands (“HHN BV”), unsecured senior notes (converted from Euros to U.S. dollars at a rate of 1.171.12 to 1 and 1.191.14 to 1 as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively) set forth onin the table below. Outstanding principal amounts for each such series of the European Vehicle Notes is also specified below:
(In millions)Outstanding PrincipalOutstanding Principal
European Vehicle NotesSeptember 30, 2018 December 31, 2017March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
4.375% Senior Notes due January 2019$
 $505
4.125% Senior Notes due October 2021264
 268
$253
 $257
5.500% Senior Notes due March 2023587
 
562
 572
$851
 $773
$815
 $829

The Company is highly leveraged and a substantial portion of its liquidity needs arise from debt service on its indebtedness and from the funding of its costs of operations and capital expenditures. The Company’s practice is to maintain sufficient liquidity through cash from operations, credit facilities and other financing arrangements to mitigate any adverse impact on its operations resulting from adverse financial market conditions.

As of September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, approximately $2.3$2.6 billion of vehicle debt and $16$19 million of non-vehicle debt is due to mature between OctoberApril 1, 20182019 and September 30, 2019.

March 31, 2020. The Company has reviewed its debt facilities and determined that it is probable that the Company will be able, and has the intent, to refinance these facilities at such times as the Company determines appropriate prior to their respective maturities.

Non-Vehicle Debt

Senior Facilities

In June 2018, the Company terminated letters of credit issued under the Senior RCF with a stated amount of approximately $302 million and reissued such letters of credit under the Letter of Credit Facility, as defined below. As a result, the commitments under the Senior RCF were permanently reduced on a dollar-for-dollar basis, such that after giving effect to such reduction the Senior RCF consists of a $865 million senior secured revolving credit facility.

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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited


Vehicle Debt

HVF II U.S. Vehicle Variable Funding Notes

HVF II Series 20132013-A Notes: In April 2018,February 2019, HVF II increased the maximum commitments under the HVF II Series 2013-A Notes and HVF II Series 2013-B Notes (the "HVF II Series 2013 Notes") by $250 million, such that after giving effect to such increase, the aggregate maximum principal amount of the HVF II Series 2013 Notes is approximately $3.7 billion.$400 million.

HVF II Series 2017-A2019-A Notes: In March 2018,February 2019, HVF II terminated allissued the Series 2019-A Variable Funding Rental Car Asset Backed Notes in an aggregate maximum principal amount of $500 million of commitments under the HVF II Series 2017-A Notes.million.

HVF II U.S. Vehicle Medium Term Notes

HVF II Series 2018-2 Notes and HVF II Series 2018-32019-1 Notes:In June 2018,February 2019, HVF II issued the Series 2018-22019-1 Rental Car Asset Backed Notes, Class A, Class B, Class C and Class D ("the HVF II Series 2018-2 Notes") and the Series 2018-3 Rental Car Asset Backed Notes, Class A, Class B, Class C and Class D ("the HVF II Series 2018-3 Notes") in an aggregate principal amount of approximately $426$745 million. HertzAn affiliate of HVF II purchased the Class D Notes of each such series at the time of issuance, and as a result, approximately $26$45 million of the aggregate principal amount is eliminated in consolidation. There is subordination within the HVF II Series 2018-2 Notes and the HVF II Series 2018-32019-1 Notes based on class.

HVF II Series 2018-1 Notes: In January 2018, HVF II issued the Series 2018-1 Rental Car Asset Backed Notes, Class A, Class B, Class C and Class D ("the HVF II Series 2018-1 Notes") in an aggregate principal amount of approximately $1.1 billion. Hertz purchased the Class D Notes of such series and as a result, approximately $58 million of the aggregate principal amount is eliminated in consolidation. There is subordination within the HVF II Series 2018-1 Notes based on class.

HFLF Medium Term Notes

HFLF Series 2018-1 Notes: In May 2018, HFLF issued the Series 2018-1 Asset-Backed Notes, Class A, Class B, Class C, Class D, and Class E (collectively, the “HFLF Series 2018-1 Notes”) in an aggregate principal amount of $550 million. The HFLF Series 2018-1 Notes are fixed rate, except for the Class A-1 Notes which are floating rate and carry an interest rate based upon a spread to one-month LIBOR. A portion of the net proceeds of this issuance were used to reduce amounts outstanding under the HFLF Series 2013-2 Notes.

Vehicle Debt - Other

European Vehicle Notes

In March 2018, HHN BV issued 5.50% Senior Notes due March 2023 in an aggregate original principal amount of €500 million (the "2023 Notes"). A portion of the net proceeds from this issuance were used in April 2018 to fully redeem all €425 million of 4.375% Senior Notes due January 2019, and the Company recorded $20 million of charges for the early redemption premium and write-off of deferred financing costs.

European Revolving Credit Facility

In March 2018, HHN BV amended its credit agreement ("European Revolving Credit Facility") to provide for aggregate maximum borrowing capacity (subject to borrowing base availability) of up to €438 million during the peak rental season, for a seasonal commitment period through October 2018. Following the expiration of the seasonal commitment period, aggregate maximum borrowings available under the European Revolving Credit Facility will revert to €235 million (subject to borrowing base availability). In October 2018, the European Revolving Credit Facility was terminated, as further described below.


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

European ABS

In October 2018, International Fleet Financing No.2 B.V (“IFF No. 2”), a special purpose entity which is intended to be bankruptcy remote, issued variable funding rental car asset backed notes that permit borrowings by IFF No. 2 on a revolving basis in an aggregate amount up to €1.0 billion with a term of two years ("European ABS"). The European ABS is the primary vehicle financing facility for the Company's vehicle rental operations in France, the Netherlands, Germany and Spain. The lenders under the European ABS have been granted a security interest in the owned rental vehicles used in the Company's vehicle rental operations in these countries and certain contractual rights related to such vehicles.

In connection with the above transaction, the Company terminated the European Revolving Credit Facility and the European Securitization.

Canadian Securitization

In May 2018,April 2019, TCL Funding Limited Partnership ("Funding LP"), a bankruptcy remote, indirect, wholly owned, special purpose subsidiary of Hertz, amended its supplemental indenture for its Series 2015-A Variable Funding Rental Car Asset Backed Notes (the "Funding LP Series 2015-A Notes") to provide for aggregate maximum borrowingincremental seasonal capacity (subject to borrowing base availability) of up to CAD$41090 million during the peak rental season, for a seasonal commitment period throughfrom June 2019 to October 2018.2019. Following the expiration of the seasonal commitment period, aggregate maximum borrowings available under the Funding LP Series 2015-A Notes will revert to CAD$350 million (subject to borrowing base availability).

U.K. Financing Facility

In May 2018, Hertz U.K. Limited amended its credit agreement ("U.K. Financing Facility") to provide for aggregate maximum borrowing capacity (subject to asset availability) of up to £287.5 million during Additionally, the peak rental season, and in July 2018, the U.K. Financing FacilityCanadian Securitization was further amended to provide for aggregate maximum borrowing capacity (subject to asset availability)extend the maturity of up to £300 million during the peak rental season, for a seasonal commitment period through September 2018. Following the expiration of the seasonal commitment period, aggregate maximum borrowings available under the U.K. Financing Facility revertedof CAD$350 million to £250 million (subject to asset availability).March 2021.


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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

Borrowing Capacity and Availability

Borrowing capacity and availability comes from the Company's "revolving credit facilities," which are a combination of variable funding asset-backed securitization facilities, cash-flow-based revolving credit facilities, asset-based revolving credit facilities and a standalone $400 million letter of credit facility (the "Letter of Credit Facility"). Creditors under each such asset-backed securitization facility and asset-based revolving credit facility have a claim on a specific pool of assets as collateral. The Company's ability to borrow under each such asset-backed securitization facility and asset-based revolving credit facility is a function of, among other things, the value of the assets in the relevant collateral pool. With respect to each such asset-backed securitization facility and asset-based revolving credit facility, the Company refers to the amount of debt it can borrow given a certain pool of assets as the borrowing base.

The Company refers to "Remaining Capacity" as the maximum principal amount of debt permitted to be outstanding under the respective facility (i.e., with respect to a variable funding asset-backed securitization facility or asset-based revolving credit facility, the amount of debt the Company could borrow assuming it possessed sufficient assets as collateral) less the principal amount of debt then-outstanding under such facility. With respect to a variable funding asset-backed securitization facility or asset-based revolving credit facility, the Company refers to "Availability Under Borrowing Base Limitation" as the lower of Remaining Capacity or the borrowing base less the principal amount of debt then-outstanding under such facility (i.e., the amount of debt that can be borrowed given the collateral possessed at such time). With respect to the Senior RCF and the Letter of Credit Facility, "Availability Under Borrowing Base Limitation" is the same as "Remaining Capacity" since borrowings under the Senior RCF and availability for issuances of letters of credit under the Letter of Credit Facility are not subject to a borrowing base.

The following facilities were available to the Company as of March 31, 2019 and are presented net of any outstanding letters of credit:
(In millions)Remaining
Capacity
 Availability Under
Borrowing Base
Limitation
Non-Vehicle Debt   
Senior RCF$459
 $459
Letter of Credit Facility2
 2
Total Non-Vehicle Debt461
 461
Vehicle Debt 
  
U.S. Vehicle RCF
 
HVF II U.S. Vehicle Variable Funding Notes995
 
HFLF Variable Funding Notes18
 2
European ABS540
 68
Canadian Securitization
 
Australian Securitization22
 
U.K. Financing Facility85
 
New Zealand RCF
 
Total Vehicle Debt1,660
 70
Total$2,121
 $531

Letters of Credit

As of March 31, 2019, there were outstanding standby letters of credit totaling $714 million. Such letters of credit have been issued primarily to support the Company's insurance programs, vehicle rental concessions and leaseholds as well as to provide credit enhancement for its asset-backed securitization facilities. Of this amount, $403 million was issued under the Senior RCF and $304 million was issued under the Letter of Credit Facility. As of March 31, 2019, none of the issued letters of credit have been drawn upon.


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

The following facilities were available to the Company as of September 30, 2018, and are presented net of any outstanding letters of credit:
(In millions)Remaining
Capacity
 Availability Under
Borrowing Base
Limitation
Non-Vehicle Debt   
Senior RCF$505
 $505
Letter of Credit Facility1
 1
Total Non-Vehicle Debt506
 506
Vehicle Debt 
  
U.S. Vehicle RCF
 
HVF II U.S. Vehicle Variable Funding Notes480
 
HFLF Variable Funding Notes330
 1
European Revolving Credit Facility
 
European Securitization25
 5
Canadian Securitization
 
Australian Securitization40
 
U.K. Financing Facility32
 
New Zealand RCF
 
Total Vehicle Debt907
 6
Total$1,413
 $512

Letters of Credit

As of September 30, 2018, there were outstanding standby letters of credit totaling $672 million. As disclosed above, the Company terminated letters of credit issued under the Senior RCF and reissued such letters of credit under the Letter of Credit Facility. Issued letters of credit primarily support the Company's insurance programs, vehicle rental concessions and leaseholds as well as to provide credit enhancement for its asset-backed securitization facilities. Of this amount, $360 million was issued under the Senior RCF and $301 million was issued under the Letter of Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2018, none of the issued letters of credit have been drawn upon.

Special Purpose Entities

Substantially all of the Company's revenue earning vehicles and certain related assets are owned by special purpose entities, or are encumbered in favor of the lenders under the various credit facilities, other secured financings and asset-backed securities programs. None of such assets (including the assets owned by Hertz Vehicle Financing II LP, HVF II GP Corp., Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC, Rental Car Finance LLC, DNRS II LLC, HFLF, Donlen Trust and various international subsidiaries that facilitate the Company's international securitizations) are available to satisfy the claims of general creditors.

The Company has a 25% ownership interest in "IFFInternational Fleet Financing II ("IFF No. 2"), whose sole purpose is to provide commitments to lend in various currencies subject to borrowing bases comprised of revenue earning vehicles and related assets of certain of Hertz International, Ltd.'s subsidiaries. IFF No. 2 is a variable interest entityVIE and the Company is the primary beneficiary, therefore, the assets, liabilities, and results of operations of IFF No. 2 are included in the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. As of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, IFF No. 2 had total assets of $776 million$1.0 billion and $524$946 million, respectively, primarily comprised of loan receivables,loans receivable, and total liabilities of $776 million$1.0 billion and $524$946 million, respectively, primarily comprised of debt and loan payables.debt.

Covenant Compliance

The financial covenant provides that Hertz’s consolidated first lien net leverage ratio, as defined in the credit agreements governing the Senior RCF and the Letter of Credit Facility, as of the last day of any fiscal quarter may not exceed a ratio of 3.00 to 1.00 (the "Covenant Leverage Ratio"). As of March 31, 2019, Hertz was in compliance with the Covenant Leverage Ratio.

Note 4—Leases

As disclosed in the Leases section of Note 2, “Basis of Presentation and Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements” ("Note 2"), the Company adopted Topic 842 in accordance with the effective date on January 1, 2019. Note 2 includes disclosures regarding the Company’s method of adoption and the impact upon adoption to its financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

The Company enters into agreements as a lessor under which it rents vehicles and leases fleets to customers. The Company enters into agreements as a lessee to rent real estate, vehicles and other equipment and to conduct its vehicle rental operations under concession agreements. If any of the following criteria is met, the Company classifies the lease as a financing lease (as a lessee) or as a direct financing or sales-type lease (as a lessor):
The lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the lessee by the end of the lease term;
The lease grants the lessee an option to purchase the underlying asset that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise;
The lease term is for 75% or more of the remaining economic life of the underlying asset, unless the commencement date falls within the last 25% of the economic life of the underlying asset;
The present value of the sum of the lease payments equals or exceeds 90% of the fair value of the underlying asset; or
The underlying asset is of such a specialized nature that it is expected to have no alternative use to the lessor at the end of the lease term.
Leases that do not meet any of the above criteria are accounted for as operating leases.

The Company combines lease and includingnon-lease components in its contracts under Topic 842.

The following further describes the Company's leasing transactions.


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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2017 (the "Covenant Leverage Ratio"), may not exceed a ratio of 3.00 to 1.00. As of September 30, 2018, Hertz was in compliance with the Covenant Leverage Ratio.

Note 7—RevenueLessor

The Company's operating leases for vehicle rentals have rental periods that are typically short term in nature (e.g., daily or weekly) and can generally be extended for up to one month or terminated at the customer's discretion. Rental charges are computed on a limited or unlimited mileage rate, or on a time rate plus a mileage charge. In connection with the vehicle rental, the Company recognizes two typesoffers supplemental equipment rentals (e.g., child seats and ski racks) and issues loyalty points to customers enrolled in its Hertz Gold Plus Rewards program, which are deemed lease components. The Company also offers value-added services in connection with the vehicle rental, which are deemed non-lease components, such as loss or collision damage waiver, theft protection, liability and personal accident/effects insurance coverage, premium emergency roadside service and satellite radio. Additionally, the Company charges for variable services primarily consisting of revenue: (i) revenue from contractscharges for the fueling of vehicles and tolls incurred during the rental period, and for fees associated with customers; and (ii) lease revenue, which is generated through the fleet leasing operationsearly or late termination of the vehicle lease. The Company mitigates residual value risk of its Donlen subsidiary.revenue earning vehicles by utilizing manufacturer repurchase and guaranteed depreciation programs, using sophisticated vehicle diagnostic and repair equipment to maintain the condition of its vehicles, and through periodic reviews of vehicle depreciation rates based on management's ongoing assessment of present and estimated future market conditions.

The Company's operating leases for fleets have lease periods that are typically for twelve months, after which the lease converts to a month-to-month lease, allowing the vehicle to be surrendered any time thereafter. The Company's fleet leases contain a terminal rental adjustment clause ("TRAC lease") where, upon sale of the vehicle following the termination of the lease, a TRAC adjustment may result through which the lessee is credited or charged with the gain or loss on the vehicle. Such TRAC adjustments are considered variable charges.
The following table summarizes the amount of operating lease income and other income included in total revenues in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019:
(In millions)Three Months
Ended
March 31, 2019
Operating lease income from vehicle rentals$1,800
Operating lease income from fleet leasing158
Variable operating lease income67
Revenue accounted for under Topic 8422,025
Revenue accounted for under Topic 60682
Total revenues$2,107

Lessee

As disclosed in the Revenue from Contracts with Customers section of Note 2, “Basis of Presentation and Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements” ("Note 2"), the Company adopted Topic 606 in accordance with the effective date on January 1, 2018. Note 2 includes disclosures regarding the Company’s method of adoption and the impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. In the Leases section of Note 2, the Company discloses that it has concluded that revenue earned from vehicle rentals, and from other forms of rental related activities wherein an identified asset is transferred to the customer and the customer has the ability to control that asset, will be accounted for under Topic 842 upon its adoption. Until the Company adopts Topic 842, vehicle rental and rental related revenues are recognized in accordance with Topic 606.

The Company recognizes revenue net of any taxes or non-concession fees collected from customers on behalf of governmental authorities.

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The Company operates at airport rental locations in the U.S. and internationally ("airport") and at off airport locations also in the U.S. and internationally ("off airport"). For the Company's airport company-operated rental locations,a lessee, the Company has obtained concessions or similar leasingthe following types of operating leases:

Concession agreements or arrangements, granting itwhich grant the Company the right to conduct aits vehicle rental businessoperations at the respective airport. The terms of an airport concession typically require the Companyairports, hotels and train stations and to pay the airport's operator concession fees based upon a specified percentage of the revenues it generates at the airport, subject to a minimum annual guarantee. The terms of the Company's concessions typically do not forbid it from seeking,use building space such as terminal counters and in a few instances require it to seek, reimbursement from customersparking garages;
Real estate leases for concession fees it pays; however, in certain jurisdictions the law limits or forbids the Company from doing so. Where the Company is required or permitted to seek such reimbursement, it is its general practice to do so. The Company's airport rental customers are typically airline travelers; whereas the Company's off airport vehicle rental customers include people who prefer to rent vehicles closer to their home or place of work for business or leisure purposes, as well as those needing to travel to or from airports. The Company's off airport customers also include people who have been referred by, or whose rental costs are being wholly or partially reimbursed by, insurance companies following accidents in which their vehicles were damaged, those expecting to lease vehicles that are not yet available from their leasing companieslocations and replacement renters. In addition, the Company's off airport customers include drivers for transportation network companies ("TNC").other premises;
Revenue earning vehicle leases; and
Other equipment leases.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

The Company's lease terms generally range from one month to thirty-five years and a number of agreements contain escalation clauses, which increase the payment obligation based on a fixed or variable rate, and renewal options. The length of renewals vary and may result in different payment terms. Payment terms are based on fixed rates explicit in the lease, including guaranteed minimums, and/or variable rates based on:

Operating expenses, such as common area charges, real estate taxes and insurance;
A percentage of revenues or sales arising at the relevant premises; and/or
Periodic inflation adjustments.

The Company recognizes a ROU asset and lease liability in its condensed consolidated balance sheet for leases with a term greater than twelve months. Options to extend or terminate a lease are included in the Company's ROU asset and lease liability when it is reasonably certain that such options will be exercised. The Company does not recognize ROU assets or lease liabilities for short-term leases (i.e., those with a term of twelve months or less) and recognizes lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

To determine the present value of its lease payments, the Company utilizes the interest rate implicit in the lease agreement. If the implicit interest rate was not provided in the lease agreement, the Company utilizes the Company's collateralized incremental borrowing rate as of the beginning of the reporting period or the commencement date of the lease, whichever is later.

The following table presents revenues from contracts with customerssummarizes the amount of lease costs incurred by reportable segment and disaggregated by product/service and type of location and customer:

the Company:
 Three Months Ending September 30, 2018
(In millions)U.S. Rental Car International Rental Car All Other Operations Consolidated
Vehicle rental and rental related:       
Airport$1,279
 $446
 $
 $1,725
Off airport535
 242
 
 777
Total vehicle rental and rental related1,814
 688
 
 2,502
        
Other:       
Licensee revenue10
 44
 
 54
Ancillary retail vehicle sales27
 
 
 27
Fleet management
 
 10
 10
Total other37
 44
 10
 91
Total revenue from contracts with customers$1,851
 $732
 $10
 $2,593
(In millions)Three Months
Ended
March 31, 2019
 Year Ended
December 31,
2018
Minimum fixed lease costs(1):
   
Short-term lease costs$30
 N/A
Other operating lease costs134
 N/A
Total$164
 $577
Variable lease costs63
 438
Total lease costs$227
 $1,015

 Nine Months Ending September 30, 2018
(In millions)U.S. Rental Car International Rental Car All Other Operations Consolidated
Vehicle rental and rental related:       
Airport$3,403
 $1,029
 $
 $4,432
Off airport1,400
 646
 
 2,046
Total vehicle rental and rental related4,803
 1,675
 
 6,478
        
Other:       
Licensee revenue24
 114
 
 138
Ancillary retail vehicle sales78
 
 
 78
Fleet management
 
 32
 32
Total other102
 114
 32
 248
Total revenue from contracts with customers$4,905
 $1,789
 $32
 $6,726

Vehicle Rental and Rental Related Revenues(1)Topic 842, which was adopted on January 1, 2019, requires the Company to disclose the short term portion of minimum fixed lease costs. For the year ended December 31, 2018, under the then existing guidance in Topic 840, the Company was only required to disclose minimum fixed costs in total.

The Company recognizes revenue from its vehicle rental operations when persuasive evidence of a contract exists,following summarizes the performance obligations have been satisfied, the transaction price is fixed or determinableweighted average remaining lease term and collection is reasonably assured. Performance obligations associated with vehicle rental transactions are satisfied over the rental period, exceptweighted average discount rate for the portion associated with loyalty points,Company's operating leases as further described below. Rental periods are short term in nature. Therefore, the Company has elected to apply the practical expedient which eliminates the requirement to disclose information about remaining performance obligations. Performance obligations associated with rental related activities, such as charges to the customer for the fueling of vehicles and value-added services such as loss damage waivers, insurance products, navigation units, supplemental equipment and other consumables, are also satisfied over the rental period. Revenue from charges that are passed through to the customer, such as gasoline, vehicle licensing and airport concession fees, is recorded on a gross basis with a corresponding charge to direct vehicle and operatinglessee:
As of March 31, 2019
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)9
Weighted average discount rate10.9%


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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

expense. Sales commissions paid to third parties are generally expensed when incurred due toThe following table summarizes the short-term nature of the related transaction on which the commission was earned and are recorded within selling, general and administrative expense. Payments are due from customers at the completion of the rental, except for customers with negotiated payment terms, generally net 30 days or less, which are invoiced and remain as accounts receivable until collected.

Loyalty Programs - The Company offers loyalty programs, primarily Hertz Gold Plus Rewards, wherein customers are eligible to earn loyalty points that are redeemable for free rental days or can be converted to loyalty points for redemption of products and servicesCompany's minimum fixed lease obligations under loyalty programs of other companies. Each transaction that generates loyalty points results in the deferral of revenue equivalent to the retail value of the redemption of the loyalty points. The associated revenue is recognized when the customer redeems the loyalty points at some point in the future. The retail value of loyalty points is estimated based on the expected retail value of the future vehicle rental to be provided less an estimated amount representing loyalty points that are not expected to be redeemed (“breakage”). Breakage is estimated on a quarterly basis and includes significant assumptions such as historical breakage trends and internal Company forecasts. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, based on the net impact of loyalty points earned and redeemed by customers, the Company recorded a net revenue deferral of $9 million and $5 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2018, the value of unredeemed loyalty points is $271 million, which is recordedexisting agreements as a contract liability in accrued liabilities in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Customer Rebates - The Company has business customers that rent vehicles based on terms that have been negotiated through contracts with their employers, or other entities with which they are associated (“commercial contracts”), which can differ substantially from the terms on which the Company rents vehicles to the general public. Some of the commercial contracts contain provisions which allow for rebates to the entity based on achieving a specific rental volume threshold. Rebates are treated aslessee, excluding variable considerationconcession obligations and are recognized as a reduction of revenue at the time of the rental based on the rebate expected to be earned by the entity.

Licensee Revenue

The Company has franchise agreements which allow an independent entity to rent their vehicles under the Company’s brands, primarily Hertz, Dollar or Thrifty, for a fee (“franchise fee”). Franchise fees are earned over time for the duration of the franchise agreement and are typically based on the larger of a minimum payment or an amount representing a percentage of net sales of the franchised business. Franchise fees are recognized as earned and when collectability is reasonably assured. Franchise fees that relate to a future contract term, such as initial fees or renewal fees, are deferred and recognized over the term of the franchise agreement. The Company has elected to apply one of the practical expedients under Topic 606, and as such the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for sales-based royalty fees from franchisees is not disclosed.

Ancillary Retail Vehicle Sales Revenue

Ancillary retail vehicle sales represent revenues generated from the sale of warranty contracts, financing and title fees, and other ancillary services associated with vehicles disposed of at the Company’s retail outlets. These revenues are recorded at the point in time when the Company sells the product or provides the service to the customer. These revenues exclude the sale price of the vehicle which is a component of the gain or loss on the disposition and is included in depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net.

Fleet Management Revenue

The Company's Donlen subsidiary generates revenue from various fleet management services, such as fuel purchasing and management, preventive maintenance, repair consultation, toll management and accident management. Fleet management revenue is recognized net of any fees collected from customers on behalf of third-party service providers, as services are rendered.


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

Contract Balances

The Company recognizes receivables and liabilities resulting from its contracts with customers. Contract receivables primarily consist of receivables from customers for vehicle rentals. Contract liabilities primarily consist of obligations to customers for prepaid vehicle rentals and related to the Company’s points-based loyalty programs.

The contract liability balanceshort-term leases, as of September 30, 2018 is $351 million and is included in accrued liabilities in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. The contract liability as of January 1, 2018, after giving effect to the adoption of Topic 606, was $345 million and revenue recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 for such contract liabilities is $129 million. The contract liability as of June 30, 2018 was $412 million and revenue recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2018 for such contract liabilities is $164 million.March 31, 2019:
(In millions) 
April 1, 2019 - March 31, 2020$465
April 1, 2020 - March 31, 2021379
April 1, 2021 - March 31, 2022305
April 1, 2022 - March 31, 2023226
April 1, 2023 - March 31, 2024166
After March 31, 2024930
Total lease payments2,471
Interest(958)
Operating lease liabilities at March 31, 2019$1,513

Note 8—5—Income Tax (Provision) Benefit

The Company recognized the income tax effects of the tax reform legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("TCJA") in its audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s 2017 Form 10‑K in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, which provides SEC staff guidance for the application of Topic 740, Income Taxes, in the reporting period in which the TCJA was signed into law. The guidance also provides for a measurement period of up to one year from the enactment date for the Company to complete the accounting for the U.S. tax law changes. As such, the Company’s 2017 financial position reflects the provisional estimate of the income tax effects of the TCJA, which was based on certain assumptions and the Company's interpretation of the law at that time.

During the third quarter of 2018, the Company further analyzed tax liabilities associated with the deemed repatriation of cumulative earnings from foreign subsidiaries. As a result of the analysis, the Company has recorded a non-cash tax expense of approximately $15 million, consisting of a $25 million one-time transition tax liability, offset by $10 million of remeasured net operating losses. The amounts recorded are estimates and are subject to change as the Company continues to analyze the impact of TCJA provisions.

The income tax provision for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 also incorporates the TCJA's changes to deductions for executive compensation and meals and entertainment. Other provisions include global intangible low-tax income ("GILTI"), base erosion anti-avoidance tax ("BEAT"), foreign-derived intangible income ("FDII") and an interest expense deduction limitation. As of September 30, 2018, the Company estimates no short-to-medium term tax liability resulting from GILTI, BEAT, FDII, or the interest limitation. These estimates are based on the Company's current interpretation of the TCJA. These assumptions and interpretations may change as as the interpretation of the TCJA evolves and as additional clarification and implementation guidance are issued.

Changes in the estimates described above could potentially affect the measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities or potentially give rise to new deferred tax amounts.

Hertz Global

The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 is 1% and 2017 is (23)% and (35)%13%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 is 9% and 27%, respectively.

The Company recorded a tax provision of $41 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, compared to $50 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017. The effective income tax rate and related tax expense are lower for the three months ended September 30, 2018 primarily due to the reduced corporate tax rate as a result of the TCJA, tax credits, and the composition of earnings by jurisdictions, partially offset by a net provisional amount of $15 million for the one-time transition tax related to TCJA.

The Company recorded a tax benefit of $12$1 million for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, compared to $108$29 million for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. The effective income tax rate and related tax benefit are lower

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Unaudited

for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 driven by overall improvement in results from operations, primarily due to lower losses in the reduced corporateU.S. where an income tax rate as a result of the TCJA, reduced corporate losses,benefit was recognized, and the composition of earnings by jurisdictions, partially offset by a net provisional amount of $15 million for the one-time transition tax related to TCJA.jurisdiction.

Hertz

The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 is 1% and 2017 is (23)% and (35)%13%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 is 8% and 27%, respectively.

The Company recorded a tax provision of $42 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, compared to $50 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017. The effective income tax rate and related tax expense are lower for the three months ended September 30, 2018 primarily due to the reduced corporate tax rate as a result of the TCJA, tax credits, and the composition of earnings by jurisdictions, partially offset by a net provisional amount of $15 million for the one-time transition tax related to TCJA.

The Company recorded a tax benefit of $10$1 million for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, compared to $107$29 million for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. The effective income tax rate and related tax benefit are lower for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 driven by overall improvement in results from operations, primarily due to lower losses in the reduced corporateU.S. where an income tax rate as a result of the TCJA, reduced corporate losses,benefit was recognized, and the composition of earnings by jurisdictions, partially offset by a net provisional amount of $15 million for the one-time transition tax related to TCJA.jurisdiction.

Note 9—6—Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Hertz Global

Basic earnings (loss) per share has been computed based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings (loss) per share has been computed based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus the effect of all potentially dilutive common stock equivalents, except when the effect would be anti-dilutive.


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Unaudited

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(In millions, except per share data)2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share:          
Numerator:          
Net income (loss)$(148) $(202)
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests1
 
Net income (loss) attributable to Hertz Global$141
 $93
 $(124) $(289)$(147) $(202)
Denominator:          
Basic weighted average shares outstanding84
 83
 83
 83
84
 83
Dilutive stock options, RSUs, PSUs and PSAs
 
 
 
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding84
 83
 83
 83
Dilutive stock options, RSUs and PSUs
 
Weighted average shares used to calculate diluted earnings (loss) per share84
 83
Antidilutive stock options, RSUs, PSUs and PSAs1
 3
 1
 3
2
 3
Earnings (loss) per share:          
Basic earnings (loss) per share$1.68
 $1.12
 $(1.49) $(3.48)$(1.75) $(2.43)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share$1.68
 $1.12
 $(1.49) $(3.48)$(1.75) $(2.43)

Note 10—7—Fair Value Measurements

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The fair value of cash, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, to the extent the underlying liability will be settled in cash, approximates the carrying values because of the short-term nature of these instruments.

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Unaudited


Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash Equivalents and Investments

The Company’s cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents primarily consist of investments in money market funds and time deposits. The Company determines the fair value of cash equivalents using a market approach based on quoted prices in active markets (Level 1 inputs).

Investments in equity securities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis consist of marketable securities.

The following table summarizes the ending balances of the Company's cash equivalents, restricted cash equivalents and investments:
September 30, 2018 December 31, 2017March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
(In millions)Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 TotalLevel 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Money market funds and time deposits$356
 $
 $
 $356
 $634
 $
 $
 $634
$250
 $
 $
 $250
 $701
 $
 $
 $701
Equity securities45
 
 
 45
 
 
 
 
55
 
 
 55
 44
 
 
 44

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Unaudited


Debt Obligations

The fair value of debt is estimated based on quoted market rates as well as borrowing rates currently available to the Company for loans with similar terms and average maturities (Level 2 inputs).
As of September 30, 2018 As of December 31, 2017As of March 31, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
(In millions)Nominal Unpaid Principal Balance Aggregate Fair Value Nominal Unpaid Principal Balance Aggregate Fair ValueNominal Unpaid Principal Balance Aggregate Fair Value Nominal Unpaid Principal Balance Aggregate Fair Value
Non-vehicle Debt$4,456
 $4,254
 $4,476
 $4,438
Non-Vehicle Debt$4,460
 $4,304
 $4,455
 $4,011
Vehicle Debt12,784
 12,715
 10,471
 10,456
12,870
 12,885
 11,945
 11,891
Total$17,240
 $16,969
 $14,947
 $14,894
$17,330
 $17,189
 $16,400
 $15,902

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

In March 2017, as further described in Note 3, "Acquisitions and Divestitures," the Company determined it had an other than temporary loss in value of its equity method investment. In June 2017, as further described in Note 5, "Intangible Asset Impairment," the Company recorded impairment charges for the Dollar Thrifty tradename.

The Company measured the assets and liabilities of its Brazil Operations at fair value as of March 31, 2017 and June 30, 2017, while held for sale, and recorded a pre-tax gain of $4 million and a loss of $4 million, respectively. The Brazil Operations were sold in August 2017 and the Company recorded a pre-tax gain of $6 million as further described in Note 3, "Acquisitions and Divestitures."

Note 11—8—Contingencies and Off-Balance Sheet Commitments

Legal Proceedings

Public Liability and Property Damage

The Company is currently a defendant in numerous actions and has received numerous claims on which actions have not yet been commenced for public liability and property damage arising from the operation of motor vehicles rented from the Company. The obligation for public liability and property damage on self-insured U.S. and international vehicles, as stated on the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, represents an estimate for both reported accident claims not yet paid and claims incurred but not yet reported. The related liabilities are recorded on a non-discounted basis. Reserve requirements are based on rental volume and actuarial evaluations of historical accident claim experience and trends, as well as future projections of ultimate losses, expenses, premiums and

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Unaudited

administrative costs. As of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, the Company's liability recorded for public liability and property damage matters is $439$411 million and $427$418 million, respectively. The Company believes that its analysis is based on the most relevant information available, combined with reasonable assumptions, and that the Company may prudently rely on this information to determine the estimated liability. The liability is subject to significant uncertainties. The adequacy of the liability reserve is regularly monitored based on evolving accident claim history and insurance related state legislation changes. If the Company's estimates change or if actual results differ from these assumptions, the amount of the recorded liability is adjusted to reflect these results.

Other MattersLoss Contingencies

From time to time the Company is a party to various legal proceedings, typically involving operational issues common to the vehicle rental business, including claims by employees and former employees and governmental investigations. The Company has summarized below the most significant legal proceedings to which the Company was and/or is a party to during the ninethree months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 or the period after September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, but before the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q.

In re Hertz Global Holdings, Inc. Securities LitigationGovernmental Investigations - In November 2013, a purported shareholder class action, Pedro Ramirez, Jr. v. Hertz Global Holdings, Inc., et al., was commenced in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey naming Old Hertz Holdings (as defined in the Company's 2017 Form 10‑K) and certain of its officers as defendants and alleging violations of the federal securities laws. The complaint alleged that Old Hertz Holdings made material misrepresentations and/or omissions of material fact in its public disclosures during the period from February 25, 2013 through November 4, 2013, in violation of Section 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. The complaint sought an unspecified amount of monetary damages on behalf of the purported class and an award of costs and expenses, including counsel fees and expert fees. In June 2014, Old Hertz Holdings responded to the amended complaint by filing a motion to dismiss. After a hearing in October 2014, the court granted Old Hertz Holdings’ motion to dismiss the complaint. The dismissal was without prejudice and plaintiff was granted leave to file a second amended complaint within 30 days of the order. In November 2014, plaintiff filed a second amended complaint which shortened the putative class period such that it was not alleged to have commenced until May 18, 2013 and made allegations that were not substantively very different than the allegations in the prior complaint. In early 2015, this case was assigned to a new federal judge in the District of New Jersey, and Old Hertz Holdings responded to the second amended complaint by filing another motion to dismiss. On July 22, 2015, the court granted Old Hertz Holdings’ motion to dismiss without prejudice and ordered that plaintiff could file a third amended complaint on or before August 22, 2015. On August 21, 2015, plaintiff filed a third amended complaint. The third amended complaint included additional allegations, named additional current and former officers as defendants and expanded the putative class period such that it was alleged to span from February 14, 2013 to July 16, 2015. Plaintiffs filed a fourth amended complaint to add a new plaintiff on March 1, 2016. Old Hertz Holdings and the individual defendants moved to dismiss the fourth amended complaint in its entirety with prejudice on March 24, 2016, and plaintiff filed its opposition to same. The court granted Old Hertz Holdings' motion to dismiss with prejudice on April 27, 2017. The plaintiffs appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit and filed their Initial Brief in November 2017. Old Hertz Holdings - joined by two of the individual defendants along with a separate brief by one of the individual defendants - filed Opposition Briefs in January 2018. The plaintiffs’ Reply Brief was thereafter filed in February of 2018. Oral arguments were held on June 12, 2018. On September 20, 2018, the Third Circuit affirmed the dismissal of the fourth amended complaint with prejudice.

Governmental Investigations - In June 2014, the Company was advised by the staff of the New York Regional Office of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) that it is investigating the events disclosed in certain of the Company’s filings with the SEC. In addition, starting in June 2016 the Company has had communications with the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of New Jersey regarding the same or similar events. The investigations and communications generally involve the restatements included in the Old Hertz Holdings Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, as filed with the SEC on July 16, 2015 and related accounting for prior periods. The Company has and intends to continue to cooperate with all requests related to the foregoing. The Company is engaged in discussions with the enforcement staff of the New York office of

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Unaudited

the SEC ("Staff") to resolve certain matters under investigation. Any proposed settlement that might result from discussions with the Staff would be subject to additional reviews and approvals, including acceptance and authorization by the SEC. The Company cannot predict the ultimate timing or the final terms of a possible settlement, including any settlement amount. The Company has accrued a loss contingency of $13.6 million which is its best estimate of probable loss based on current circumstances. It is possible that the final settlement could result in losses that exceed the accrual and could be material to the Company's consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Additionally, the Company previously identified certain activities in Brazil that raised issues under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the "FCPA") and other federal and local laws, which the Company self-reported to appropriate government entities. The matters associated with the FCPA and other federal matters have been resolved without further action by the applicable U.S. government entities. The Company is continuing its cooperation with respect to matters under local Brazilian laws. The Company has accrued a loss contingency with respect to the ongoing Brazil-related matters that is not material. However, it is possible that an adverse outcome with respect to the ongoing matters in Brazil could result in losses that could be material to the Company's consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows in any particular reporting period.


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Unaudited

French Road TaxIn re Hertz Global Holdings, Inc. Securities Litigation - The French Tax Authority has challenged the historic practice of several vehicle rental companies, includingIn November 2013, a purported shareholder class action, Pedro Ramirez, Jr. v. Hertz France, of registering vehicles in jurisdictions where it is established and where the road tax payable with respect to those vehicles is lower than the road tax payableGlobal Holdings, Inc., et al., was commenced in the jurisdictions whereU.S. District Court for the vehicles will primarily be used. In respectDistrict of New Jersey naming Old Hertz Holdings and certain of its officers as defendants and alleging violations of the federal securities laws. The complaint alleged that Old Hertz Holdings made material misrepresentations and/or omissions of material fact in certain of its public disclosures in violation of Section 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. The complaint sought an unspecified amount of monetary damages on behalf of the purported class and an award of costs and expenses, including counsel fees and expert fees. The complaint, as amended, was dismissed with prejudice on April 27, 2017 and on September 20, 2018, the Third Circuit affirmed the dismissal of the complaint with prejudice.  On February 5, 2019, the plaintiffs filed a period in 2005,motion asking the Company has unsuccessfully appealedfederal district court to exercise its discretion and allow the French Tax assessmentplaintiffs to the highest Administrative court in France. In respect of a period from 2003reinstate their claims to 2005, following an adverse judgment, the Company appealed the French Tax Authority’s assessment to the Civil Court of Appeal. In March 2017, the Company received an adverse judgment in the 2003 -2005 road tax appealinclude additional allegations from the Civil Court of Appeal. The Company appealed this decision to the Supreme Civil Court in May 2017. In December 2017, the French Tax Authority issued an assessment for registration tax for the year 2014 and the Company submitted a rebuttal to the French Tax Authority in February 2018. The Company began reserving for this matter in 2015 and assesses the reserve on a quarterly basis as part of the financial statements close process.Administrative Order.

In addition to the matters described above, the Company maintains an internal compliance program through which it from time to time identifies other potential violations of laws and regulations applicable to the Company. When the Company identifies such matters, the Company conducts an internal investigation and otherwise cooperates with governmental authorities, as appropriate.

The Company has established reserves for matters where the Company believes that losses are probable and can be reasonably estimated. Other than the aggregate reserve established for claims for public liability and property damage, none of those reserves are material. For matters, including certain of those described above, where the Company has not established a reserve, the ultimate outcome or resolution cannot be predicted at this time, or the amount of ultimate loss, if any, cannot be reasonably estimated. These matters are subject to many uncertainties and the outcome of the individual litigated matters is not predictable with assurance. It is possible that certain of the actions, claims, inquiries or proceedings, including those discussed above, could be decided unfavorably to the Company or any of its subsidiaries involved. Accordingly, it is possible that an adverse outcome from such a proceeding could exceed the amount accrued in an amount that could be material to the accompanying consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows in any particular reporting period.

Other Proceedings

Litigation Against Former Executives - On March 25, 2019, the Company filed a petition against Mark Frissora, Elyse Douglas and John Jeffrey Zimmerman, all former senior executive officers of the former Hertz Global Holdings, Inc. ("Old Hertz Holdings"), in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey alleging four causes of action for breach of contract, with a fifth cause of action seeking a declaratory judgment denying the defendants' entitlement to advances of fees and expenses under the Company's indemnification bylaws. On March 28, 2019, the Company filed a petition against Scott Sider, a former senior executive of Old Hertz Holdings, in the Circuit Court of the Twentieth Judicial Circuit alleging three causes of action for breach of contract, with a fourth cause of action seeking a declaratory judgment denying the defendants' entitlement to advances of fees and expenses under the Company's indemnification bylaws. The Company is seeking repayment of incentive-based compensation received by the defendants in connection with the restatements included in the Old Hertz Holdings Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 and related accounting for prior periods. The Company is also seeking recovery for the costs of the SEC investigation that resulted in an administrative order on December 31, 2018 with respect to events generally involving the restatements included in Old Hertz Holdings Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 and other damages resulting from the necessity of the restatements. The Company is pursuing these legal proceedings in accordance with its clawback policy and contractual rights. Pursuant to the agreements governing the separation of Herc Holdings from Hertz Global that occurred on June 30, 2016, Herc Holdings is entitled to 15% of the net proceeds of any such repayment or recovery.

Indemnification Obligations

In the ordinary course of business, the Company has executed contracts involving indemnification obligations customary in the relevant industry and indemnifications specific to a transaction such as the sale of a business. These indemnification obligations might include claims relating to the following: environmental matters; intellectual property rights; governmental regulations and employment-related matters; customer, supplier and other commercial contractual relationships; and financial matters. Specifically, the Company has indemnified various parties for the costs associated

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Unaudited

relationships; and financial matters. Specifically, the Company has indemnified various parties for the costs associated with remediating numerous hazardous substance storage, recycling or disposal sites in many states and, in some instances, for natural resource damages. The amount of any such expenses or related natural resource damages for which the Company may be held responsible could be substantial. In addition, Hertz entered into customary indemnification agreements with Hertz Holdings and certain of the Company's stockholders and their affiliates pursuant to which Hertz Holdings and Hertz will indemnify those entities and their respective affiliates, directors, officers, partners, members, employees, agents, representatives and controlling persons, against certain liabilities arising out of performance of a consulting agreement with Hertz Holdings and each of such entities and certain other claims and liabilities, including liabilities arising out of financing arrangements or securities offerings. The Company has entered into customary indemnification agreements with each of its directors and certain of its officers. Performance under these indemnification obligations would generally be triggered by a breach of terms of the contract or by a third-party claim. In connection with the Spin-Off, the Company executed an agreement with Herc Holdings that contains mutual indemnification clauses and a customary indemnification provision with respect to liability arising out of or resulting from assumed legal matters. The Company regularly evaluates the probability of having to incur costs associated with these indemnification obligations and has accrued for expected losses that are probable and estimable.

Note 12—9—Related Party Transactions

Agreements with the Icahn Group

In the normal course of business, the Company purchases goods and services and leases property from entities controlled by Carl C. Icahn and his affiliates, including The Pep Boys - Manny, Moe & Jack (collectively, the "Icahn Group"). During the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, the Company purchased approximately $10$12 million and $3 million, respectively, worth of goods and services from these related parties. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company purchased approximately $27 million and $8$6 million, respectively, worth of goods and services from these related parties.

In May 2018, the Company sold approximately $36 million of marketable securities to the Icahn Group at the then current market price of such securities.

Transactions and agreements between Hertz Holdings and Hertz

In June 2017, Hertz entered into a master loan agreement with Hertz Holdings for a facility size of $425 million with an expiration in June 2018 (the "2017 Master Loan"). The interest rate is based on the U.S. Dollar LIBOR rate plus a margin.

In June 2018, upon expiration of the 2017 Master Loan, Hertz entered into a new master loan agreement with Hertz Holdings for a facility size of $425 million with an expiration in June 2019 (the "2018 Master Loan") where amounts outstanding under the 2017 Master Loan were transferred to the 2018 Master Loan. The interest rate is based on the U.S. Dollar LIBOR rate plus a margin. As of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, there was $115$121 million and $107$117 million, respectively, outstanding under the 2018 Master Loan representing advances and any accrued but unpaid interest.

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, Additionally, Hertz has a due to an affiliate in the amount of $65 million, which represents itsa tax-related liability to Hertz Holdings.

The net impact of the above amounts are included in stockholder's equity in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets of Hertz.


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Unaudited

Other Relationships767 Auto Leasing LLC

In January 2018, Hertz entered into a Master Motor Vehicle Lease and Management Agreement (the “767 Lease Agreement”) pursuant to which Hertz granted 767 Auto Leasing LLC (“767”), an entity affiliated with the Icahn Group, the option to acquire certain vehicles from Hertz at rates aligned with the rates at which Hertz sells vehicles to third parties. Hertz will leaseleases the vehicles purchased by 767 under the 767 Lease Agreement or from third parties, under a mutually developed fleet plan and Hertz will manage, service, repair, sellmanages, services, repairs, sells and maintainmaintains those leased vehicles on behalf of 767. Hertz will rentrents the leased vehicles to drivers of TNC,transportation network companies ("TNC"), including Lyft, Inc. drivers, from rental counters within locations leased or owned by affiliates of 767, including locations operated under a master lease agreement with The Pep Boys - Manny, Joe & Jack. The 767 Lease Agreement has an initial term of 18 months and is subject to automatic six-monthsix month renewals thereafter, unless terminated by either party (with or without cause) prior to the start of any such six-monthsix month renewal. 767’s payment obligations under the 767 Lease Agreement are guaranteed by American Entertainment Properties Corp. ("American"), an entity affiliated with Mr. Icahn. American contributed $15 million and $25 million to 767 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company sold approximately 1,000 and 1,600 vehicles, respectively, to 767 for approximately $11 million and $18 million, respectively.Icahn Group.

The Company is entitled to 25% of the profit from the rental of the leased vehicles, as specified in the 767 Lease Agreement, which is variable and based primarily on the rental revenue, less certain vehicle related costs, such as depreciation, licensing and maintenance expenses. The Company has determined that it is the primary beneficiary of 767 due to its power to direct the activities of 767 that most significantly impact 767's economic performance and the Company's obligation to absorb 25% of 767's gains/losses. Accordingly, 767 is consolidated by the Company as a VIE.

Note 13—10—Segment Information

The Company has identified three reportable segments, which are organized based on the products and services provided by its operating segments and the geographic areas in which its operating segments conduct business, as follows:

U.S. Rental Car ("U.S. RAC") - rental of vehicles (cars, crossovers and light trucks), as well as sales of value-added services, in the U.S. and consists of the Company's U.S. operating segment;

International Rental Car ("International RAC") - rental and leasing of vehicles (cars, vans, crossovers and light trucks), as well as sales of value-added services, internationally and consists of the Company's Europe and Other International operating segments, which are aggregated into a reportable segment based primarily upon similar economic characteristics, products and services, customers, delivery methods and general regulatory environments;

All Other Operations - primarily consists of the Company's Donlen business, which provides vehicle leasing and fleet management services, together with other business activities which represent less than 2%1% of revenues and expenses of the segment.

In addition to the above reportable segments, the Company has corporate operations ("Corporate") which includes general corporate assets and expenses and certain interest expense (including net interest on non-vehicle debt).

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The following tables provide significant statement of operations and balance sheet information by segment for each of Hertz Global and Hertz, as well as adjusted pre-tax income (loss)Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss), the segment measure of profitability.
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(In millions)2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018
Revenues          
U.S. Rental Car$1,852
 $1,685
 $4,905
 $4,557
$1,520
 $1,426
International Rental Car732
 728
 1,789
 1,683
433
 468
All Other Operations174
 159
 515
 473
154
 169
Total Hertz Global and Hertz$2,758
 $2,572
 $7,209
 $6,713
$2,107
 $2,063
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net       
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges   
U.S. Rental Car$414
 $455
 $1,295
 $1,478
$386
 $434
International Rental Car128
 126
 342
 311
97
 102
All Other Operations130
 119
 383
 355
109
 125
Total Hertz Global and Hertz$672
 $700
 $2,020
 $2,144
$592
 $661
Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss)(a)
          
U.S. Rental Car$222
 $158
 $200
 $5
$25
 $(48)
International Rental Car133
 147
 201
 200
(18) (6)
All Other Operations22
 20
 68
 59
25
 22
Corporate(137) (137) (425) (371)(143) (143)
Total Hertz Global240
 188
 44
 (107)(111) (175)
Corporate - Hertz2
 1
 5
 4
2
 1
Total Hertz$242
 $189
 $49
 $(103)$(109) $(174)

(In millions)September 30, 2018 December 31, 2017March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Total Assets   
Total assets   
U.S. Rental Car$14,495
 $12,785
$16,375
 $13,983
International Rental Car5,081
 3,971
4,590
 4,057
All Other Operations1,763
 1,700
1,934
 1,843
Corporate1,121
 1,602
1,131
 1,499
Total Hertz Global and Hertz$22,460
 $20,058
$24,030
 $21,382

(a)Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss), the Company's segment profitability measure, is calculated as income (loss) before income taxes plus non-cash acquisition accounting charges, debt-related charges relating to the amortization and write-off of debt financing costs and debt discounts and premiums, goodwill, intangible and tangible asset impairments and write downs, information technology and finance transformation costs, income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interests, and certain other miscellaneous or non-recurring items.

Reconciliations of Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss) by segment to consolidated amounts are summarized below.


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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

Hertz Global
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(In millions)2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018
Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss):          
U.S. Rental Car$222
 $158
 $200
 $5
$25
 $(48)
International Rental Car133
 147
 201
 200
(18) (6)
All Other Operations22
 20
 68
 59
25
 22
Total reportable segments377
 325
 469
 264
32
 (32)
Corporate(1)
(137) (137) (425) (371)(143) (143)
Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss)240
 188
 44
 (107)(111) (175)
Adjustments:          
Acquisition accounting(2)
(15) (15) (46) (47)(14) (15)
Debt-related charges(3)
(11) (12) (36) (33)(14) (16)
Loss on extinguishment of debt(4)

 
 (22) (8)
Restructuring and restructuring related charges(5)
(12) (2) (26) (14)
Impairment charges and asset write-downs(6)

 
 
 (116)
Information technology and finance transformation costs(7)
(24) (15) (75) (55)
Other(8)
3

(1)
24

(17)
Restructuring and restructuring related charges(4)
(7) (4)
Information technology and finance transformation costs(5)
(23) (23)
Other(6)
20

2
Income (loss) before income taxes$181
 $143
 $(137) $(397)$(149) $(231)

Hertz
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(In millions)2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018
Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss):          
U.S. Rental Car$222
 $158
 $200
 $5
$25
 $(48)
International Rental Car133
 147
 201
 200
(18) (6)
All Other Operations22
 20
 68
 59
25
 22
Total reportable segments377
 325
 469
 264
32
 (32)
Corporate(1)
(135) (136) (420) (367)(141) (142)
Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss)242
 189
 49
 (103)(109) (174)
Adjustments:          
Acquisition accounting(2)
(15) (15) (46) (47)(14) (15)
Debt-related charges(3)
(11) (12) (36) (33)(14) (16)
Loss on extinguishment of debt(4)

 
 (22) (8)
Restructuring and restructuring related charges(5)
(12) (2) (26) (14)
Impairment charges and asset write-downs(6)

 
 
 (116)
Information technology and finance transformation costs(7)
(24) (15) (75) (55)
Other(8)
3

(1)
24

(17)
Restructuring and restructuring related charges(4)
(7) (4)
Information technology and finance transformation costs(5)
(23) (23)
Other(6)
20

2
Income (loss) before income taxes$183
 $144
 $(132) $(393)$(147) $(230)

(1)Represents general corporate expenses, non-vehicle interest expense, as well as other business activities.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

(2)Represents incremental expense associated with amortization of other intangible assets and depreciation of property and equipment relating to acquisition accounting.
(3)Primarily representsRepresents debt-related charges relating to the amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discounts and premiums.
(4)In 2018, primarily represents $20 million of early redemption premium and write-off of deferred financing costs associated with the full redemption of the 4.375% European Vehicle Senior Notes due January 2019 in April 2018. In 2017, represents $6 million of early redemption premium and write-off of deferred financing costs associated with the redemption of certain notes and a $2 million write-off of deferred financing costs associated with the termination of commitments under the Senior RCF incurred during the second quarter.
(5)Represents charges incurred under restructuring actions as defined in U.S. GAAP, excluding impairments and asset write-downs, which are shown separately in the table.write-downs. Also includes restructuring related charges such as incremental costs incurred directly supporting business transformation initiatives. Such costs include transition costs incurred in connection with business process outsourcing arrangements and incremental costs incurred to facilitate business process re-engineering initiatives that involve significant organization redesign and extensive operational process changes. AlsoIn 2018, also includes consulting costs, legal fees, the loss contingency, which totals $13.6 million for the nine months of 2018, and other expenses related to the previously disclosed accounting review and investigation.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

(6)In 2017, represents a second quarter $86 million impairment of the Dollar Thrifty tradename and a first quarter impairment of $30 million related to an equity method investment.
(7)(5)Represents costs associated with the Company’s information technology and finance transformation programs, both of which are multi-year initiatives to upgrade and modernize the Company’s systems and processes.
(8)(6)Represents miscellaneous or non-recurring items. In 2018,items, and includes net lossamounts attributable to noncontrolling interests, a $4interests. In 2019, also includes an $11 million and $21 million pre-tax gain on marketable securities, during the third quarter and nine months, respectively, and a $6an $8 million legal settlement received in the second quarter related to an oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010. In 2017, includes net expenses of $13 million resulting from hurricanes, partially offset by a $6 million pre-tax gain on the sale of the Company's Brazil Operations in the third quarter. Also, includes second quarter charges of $6 million for labor-related matters and $5 million relating to PLPD as a result of a terrorist event.non-vehicle capital assets.

Note 14—11—Guarantor and Non-Guarantor Condensed Consolidating Financial Information - Hertz

The following condensed consolidating financial information presentstables present the Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, the Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017 and the Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows for the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017 of (a) The Hertz Corporation, ("Parent”); (b) the Parent's subsidiaries that guarantee the Senior Notes issued by the Parent ("Guarantor Subsidiaries"); (c) the Parent's subsidiaries that do not guarantee the Senior Notes issued by the Parent ("Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries"); (d) elimination entries necessary to consolidate the Parent with the Guarantor Subsidiaries and Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries ("Eliminations"); and of (e) Hertz on a consolidated basis.

Investments in subsidiaries are accounted for using the equity method for purposes of the consolidating presentation. The principal elimination entries relate to investments in subsidiaries and intercompany balances and transactions. The Guarantor Subsidiaries are 100% owned by the Parent and all guarantees are full and unconditional and joint and several. Additionally, substantially all of the assets of the Guarantor Subsidiaries are pledged under the Senior Facilities and Senior Second Priority Secured Notes, and consequently will not be available to satisfy the claims of Hertz'sHertz general creditors. In lieu of providing separate unaudited financial statements for the Guarantor Subsidiaries, Hertz has included the accompanying condensed consolidating financial statements based on Rule 3-10 of the SEC's Regulation S-X. Management of Hertz does not believe that separate financial statements of the Guarantor Subsidiaries are material to Hertz's investors; therefore, separate financial statements and other disclosures concerning the Guarantor Subsidiaries are not presented.

During the preparation of the condensed consolidating financial information of The Hertz Corporation and Subsidiaries as of and for the year ended December 31, 2017, it was determined that there were classification errors within the investing section of the statements of cash flows that resulted in overstatement of capital contributions to subsidiaries and return of capital from subsidiaries for the Parent and classification errors within the financing section of the statements of cash flows that resulted in overstatement of capital contributions received from parent and payment of dividends and returns of capital for the Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries. The overstatement was $164 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The errors, which the Company has determined are not material to this disclosure, had no impact to cash from investing activities for the Parent or cash from financing activities of the Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries, and had no impact to any cash flows of the Guarantor Subsidiaries. These errors are eliminated in

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

consolidation and therefore have no impact on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. The Company has revised the Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows for the Parent, Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries and Eliminations for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 to correct for these errors.


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET
September 30, 2018March 31, 2019
(In millions)

Parent
(The Hertz
Corporation)
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Eliminations 
The Hertz
Corporation &
Subsidiaries
Parent
(The Hertz
Corporation)
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Eliminations 
The Hertz
Corporation &
Subsidiaries
ASSETS                  
Cash and cash equivalents$271
 $7
 $483
 $
 $761
$173
 $3
 $378
 $
 $554
Restricted cash and cash equivalents90
 8
 167
 
 265
130
 11
 311
 
 452
Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents361
 15
 650
 
 1,026
303
 14
 689
 
 1,006
Receivables, net of allowance441
 166
 1,198
 
 1,805
461
 167
 935
 
 1,563
Due from affiliates3,486
 5,200
 8,575
 (17,261) 
3,224
 4,138
 7,505
 (14,867) 
Prepaid expenses and other assets4,719
 36
 292
 (4,056) 991
5,085
 28
 300
 (4,306) 1,107
Revenue earning vehicles, net453
 1
 13,123
 
 13,577
268
 
 13,500
 
 13,768
Property and equipment, net590
 62
 129
 
 781
611
 62
 98
 
 771
Operating lease right-of-use assets943
 198
 373
 
 1,514
Investment in subsidiaries, net7,695
 1,334
 
 (9,029) 
7,569
 1,560
 
 (9,129) 
Other intangible assets, net139
 3,052
 6
 
 3,197
Intangible assets, net188
 3,026
 4
 
 3,218
Goodwill102
 943
 38
 
 1,083
102
 943
 38
 
 1,083
Total assets$17,986
 $10,809
 $24,011
 $(30,346) $22,460
$18,754
 $10,136
 $23,442
 $(28,302) $24,030
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY                  
Due to affiliates$10,728
 $2,270
 $4,263
 $(17,261) $
$10,833
 $990
 $3,044
 $(14,867) $
Accounts payable430
 112
 462
 
 1,004
395
 112
 772
 
 1,279
Accrued liabilities797
 67
 442
 
 1,306
824
 50
 456
 
 1,330
Accrued taxes, net90
 19
 2,711
 (2,639) 181
81
 17
 2,389
 (2,341) 146
Debt4,554
 
 12,604
 
 17,158
4,575
 
 12,682
 
 17,257
Operating lease liabilities940
 199
 374
 
 1,513
Public liability and property damage185
 40
 214
 
 439
186
 41
 184
 
 411
Deferred income taxes, net
 1,525
 1,038
 (1,417) 1,146

 1,732
 1,324
 (1,965) 1,091
Total liabilities16,784
 4,033
 21,734
 (21,317) 21,234
17,834
 3,141
 21,225
 (19,173) 23,027
Stockholder's equity:                  
Total stockholder's equity attributable to Hertz1,202
 6,776
 2,253
 (9,029) 1,202
920
 6,995
 2,134
 (9,129) 920
Noncontrolling interest
 
 24
 
 24
Noncontrolling interests
 
 83
 
 83
Total stockholder's equity1,202
 6,776
 2,277
 (9,029) 1,226
920
 6,995
 2,217
 (9,129) 1,003
Total liabilities and stockholder's equity$17,986
 $10,809
 $24,011
 $(30,346) $22,460
$18,754
 $10,136
 $23,442
 $(28,302) $24,030


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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET
December 31, 20172018
(In millions)
Parent
(The Hertz
Corporation)
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Eliminations 
The Hertz
Corporation &
Subsidiaries
Parent
(The Hertz
Corporation)
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Eliminations 
The Hertz
Corporation &
Subsidiaries
ASSETS                  
Cash and cash equivalents$686
 $9
 $377
 $
 $1,072
$576
 $3
 $548
 $
 $1,127
Restricted cash and cash equivalents225
 7
 200
 
 432
137
 8
 138
 
 283
Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents911
 16
 577
 
 1,504
713
 11
 686
 
 1,410
Receivables, net of allowance366
 167
 832
 
 1,365
421
 174
 992
 
 1,587
Due from affiliates3,373
 4,567
 8,794
 (16,734) 
3,522
 5,312
 9,101
 (17,935) 
Prepaid expenses and other assets3,747
 37
 302
 (3,399) 687
4,863
 34
 269
 (4,264) 902
Revenue earning vehicles, net352
 2
 10,982
 
 11,336
421
 1
 11,997
 
 12,419
Property and equipment, net639
 61
 140
 
 840
590
 64
 124
 
 778
Investment in subsidiaries, net7,966
 1,265
 
 (9,231) 
7,648
 1,526
 
 (9,174) 
Other intangible assets, net141
 3,091
 10
 
 3,242
Intangible assets, net160
 3,039
 4
 
 3,203
Goodwill102
 944
 38
 
 1,084
102
 943
 38
 
 1,083
Total assets$17,597
 $10,150
 $21,675
 $(29,364) $20,058
$18,440
 $11,104
 $23,211
 $(31,373) $21,382
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY                  
Due to affiliates$10,368
 $2,156
 $4,210
 $(16,734) $
$11,351
 $2,306
 $4,278
 $(17,935) $
Accounts payable375
 92
 479
 
 946
388
 97
 503
 
 988
Accrued liabilities473
 73
 374
 
 920
823
 69
 412
 
 1,304
Accrued taxes, net77
 21
 2,235
 (2,173) 160
67
 15
 2,359
 (2,305) 136
Debt4,619
 
 10,246
 
 14,865
4,567
 
 11,757
 
 16,324
Public liability and property damage165
 37
 225
 
 427
185
 41
 192
 
 418
Deferred income taxes, net
 1,451
 995
 (1,226) 1,220

 1,729
 1,324
 (1,959) 1,094
Total liabilities16,077
 3,830
 18,764
 (20,133) 18,538
17,381
 4,257
 20,825
 (22,199) 20,264
Stockholder's equity:                  
Total stockholder's equity attributable to Hertz1,059
 6,847
 2,327
 (9,174) 1,059
Noncontrolling interests
 
 59
 
 59
Total stockholder's equity1,520
 6,320
 2,911
 (9,231) 1,520
1,059
 6,847
 2,386
 (9,174) 1,118
Total liabilities and stockholder's equity$17,597
 $10,150
 $21,675
 $(29,364) $20,058
$18,440
 $11,104
 $23,211
 $(31,373) $21,382



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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
For the Three Months Ended September 30,March 31, 2019
(In millions)

 
Parent
(The Hertz
Corporation)
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Eliminations 
The Hertz
Corporation &
Subsidiaries
Total revenues$1,151
 $320
 $2,074
 $(1,438) $2,107
Expenses:         
Direct vehicle and operating812
 157
 297
 
 1,266
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges1,394
 74
 562
 (1,438) 592
Selling, general and administrative157
 16
 61
 
 234
Interest (income) expense, net107
 (46) 120
 
 181
Other (income) expense, net(19) 
 
 
 (19)
Total expenses2,451
 201
 1,040
 (1,438) 2,254
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings (losses) of subsidiaries(1,300) 119
 1,034
 
 (147)
Income tax (provision) benefit42
 (4) (37) 
 1
Equity in earnings (losses) of subsidiaries, net of tax1,112
 25
 
 (1,137) 
Net income (loss)(146) 140
 997
 (1,137) (146)
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
 1
 
 1
Net income (loss) attributable to Hertz(146) 140
 998
 (1,137) (145)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax8
 2
 6
 (9) 7
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Hertz$(138) $142
 $1,004
 $(1,146) $(138)

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
(In millions)

Parent
(The Hertz
Corporation)
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Eliminations 
The Hertz
Corporation &
Subsidiaries
Parent
(The Hertz
Corporation)
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Eliminations 
The Hertz
Corporation &
Subsidiaries
Total revenues$1,349
 $418
 $2,272
 $(1,281) $2,758
$1,056
 $319
 $1,489
 $(801) $2,063
Expenses:                  
Direct vehicle and operating865
 190
 404
 
 1,459
751
 172
 313
 
 1,236
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net1,200
 91
 662
 (1,281) 672
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges766
 84
 612
 (801) 661
Selling, general and administrative176
 24
 65
 
 265
161
 12
 61
 
 234
Interest (income) expense, net108
 (42) 120
 
 186
102
 (33) 96
 
 165
Other (income) expense, net(6) 
 (1) 
 (7)(2) 
 (1) 
 (3)
Total expenses2,343
 263
 1,250
 (1,281) 2,575
1,778
 235
 1,081
 (801) 2,293
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings (losses) of subsidiaries(994) 155
 1,022
 
 183
(722) 84
 408
 
 (230)
Income tax (provision) benefit270
 (41) (271) 
 (42)122
 (14) (79) 
 29
Equity in earnings (losses) of subsidiaries, net of tax866
 32
 
 (898) 
399
 25
 
 (424) 
Net income (loss)142
 146
 751
 (898) 141
(201) 95
 329
 (424) (201)
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
 1
 
 1
Net income (loss) attributable to Hertz142
 146
 752
 (898) 142
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
 2
 (1) (1) 
(3) (2) (3) 5
 (3)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Hertz$142
 $148
 $751
 $(899) $142
Comprehensive income (loss)$(204) $93
 $326
 $(419) $(204)

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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

THE HERTZ CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
(In millions)

 
Parent
(The Hertz
Corporation)
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Eliminations 
The Hertz
Corporation &
Subsidiaries
Total revenues$1,296
 $394
 $1,861
 $(979) $2,572
Expenses:         
Direct vehicle and operating772
 188
 388
 
 1,348
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net826
 98
 669
 (893) 700
Selling, general and administrative151
 9
 57
 
 217
Interest (income) expense, net108
 (26) 93
 
 175
Intangible asset impairments
 
 
 
 
Other (income) expense, net(4) 
 (8) 
 (12)
Total expenses1,853
 269
 1,199
 (893) 2,428
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings (losses) of subsidiaries(557) 125
 662
 (86) 144
Income tax (provision) benefit188
 (43) (195) 
 (50)
Equity in earnings (losses) of subsidiaries, net of tax463
 37
 
 (500) 
Net income (loss)94
 119
 467
 (586) 94
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax15
 4
 14
 (18) 15
Total comprehensive income (loss)$109
 $123
 $481
 $(604) $109


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

THE HERTZ CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
(In millions)

          
 
Parent
(The Hertz
Corporation)
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Eliminations 
The Hertz
Corporation &
Subsidiaries
Total revenues$3,598
 $1,105
 $5,890
 $(3,384) $7,209
Expenses:         
Direct vehicle and operating2,455
 544
 1,044
 
 4,043
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net3,185
 273
 1,946
 (3,384) 2,020
Selling, general and administrative516
 53
 196
 
 765
Interest (income) expense, net311
 (112) 350
 
 549
Other (income) expense, net(33) 
 (3) 
 (36)
Total expenses6,434
 758
 3,533
 (3,384) 7,341
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings (losses) of subsidiaries(2,836) 347
 2,357
 
 (132)
Income tax (provision) benefit627
 (76) (541) 
 10
Equity in earnings (losses) of subsidiaries, net of tax2,088
 90
 
 (2,178) 
Net income (loss)(121) 361
 1,816
 (2,178) (122)
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
 1
 
 1
Net income (loss) attributable to Hertz(121) 361
 1,817
 (2,178) (121)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax(17) (3) (18) 21
 (17)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Hertz$(138) $358
 $1,799
 $(2,157) $(138)


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

THE HERTZ CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
(In millions)

          
 
Parent
(The Hertz
Corporation)
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Eliminations 
The Hertz
Corporation &
Subsidiaries
Total revenues$3,516
 $1,055
 $5,109
 $(2,967) $6,713
Expenses:         
Direct vehicle and operating2,201
 538
 996
 
 3,735
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net2,587
 313
 2,004
 (2,760) 2,144
Selling, general and administrative457
 28
 176
 
 661
Interest (income) expense, net290
 (73) 244
 
 461
Intangible asset impairments
 86
 
 
 86
Other (income) expense, net30
 
 (11) 
 19
Total expenses5,565
 892
 3,409
 (2,760) 7,106
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings (losses) of subsidiaries(2,049) 163
 1,700
 (207) (393)
Income tax (provision) benefit760
 (57) (596) 
 107
Equity in earnings (losses) of subsidiaries, net of tax1,003
 100
 
 (1,103) 
Net income (loss)(286) 206
 1,104
 (1,310) (286)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax21
 6
 19
 (25) 21
Total comprehensive income (loss)$(265) $212
 $1,123
 $(1,335) $(265)



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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the NineThree Months Ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019
(In millions)

Parent
(The Hertz
Corporation)
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Eliminations 
The Hertz
Corporation &
Subsidiaries
Parent
(The Hertz
Corporation)
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Eliminations 
The Hertz
Corporation &
Subsidiaries
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities$187
 $7
 $3,732
 $(1,905) $2,021
$83
 $5
 $1,421
 $(993) $516
Cash flows from investing activities:                  
Revenue earning vehicles expenditures(328) 
 (9,748) 
 (10,076)(102) 
 (3,871) 
 (3,973)
Proceeds from disposal of revenue earning vehicles183
 
 5,195
 
 5,378
48
 
 2,105
 
 2,153
Capital asset expenditures, non-vehicle(85) (8) (26) 
 (119)(45) (2) (7) 
 (54)
Proceeds from property and other equipment disposed of or to be disposed of41
 
 6
 
 47
17
 
 2
 
 19
Purchases of marketable securities(60) 
 
 
 (60)
Sales of marketable securities36
 
 
 
 36
Other(2) 
 (3) 
 (5)
Capital contributions to subsidiaries(2,817) 
 
 2,817
 
(376) 
 
 376
 
Return of capital from subsidiaries2,445
 
 
 (2,445) 
406
 
 
 (406) 
Proceeds from/repayments of intercompany loan
 
 78
 (78) 

 
 434
 (434) 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(587) (8) (4,498) 294
 (4,799)(52) (2) (1,337) (464) (1,855)
Cash flows from financing activities:                  
Proceeds from issuance of vehicle debt1,809
 
 10,062
 
 11,871
195
 
 3,472
 
 3,667
Repayments of vehicle debt(1,862) 
 (7,663) 
 (9,525)(195) 
 (2,541) 
 (2,736)
Proceeds from issuance of non-vehicle debt387
 
 
 
 387
341
 
 
 
 341
Repayments of non-vehicle debt(398) 
 
 
 (398)(344) 
 
 
 (344)
Payment of financing costs(1) 
 (29) 
 (30)
 
 (12) 
 (12)
Early redemption premium payment
 
 (19) 
 (19)
Advances to Hertz Holdings(7) 
 
 
 (7)(4) 
 
 
 (4)
Contributions from noncontrolling interest owners


 
 25
 
 25
Contributions from noncontrolling interests


 
 25
 
 25
Capital contributions received from parent
 
 2,817
 (2,817) 

 
 376
 (376) 
Payment of dividends and return of capital
 
 (4,350) 4,350
 

 
 (1,399) 1,399
 
Proceeds from/repayments of intercompany loan

(78) 
 
 78
 
(434) 
 
 434
 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities(150) 
 843
 1,611
 2,304
(441) 
 (79) 1,457
 937
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents
 
 (4) 
 (4)
 
 (2) 
 (2)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents during the period(550) (1) 73
 
 (478)(410) 3
 3
 
 (404)
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at beginning of period911
 16
 577
 
 1,504
713
 11
 686
 
 1,410
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at end of period$361
 $15
 $650
 $
 $1,026
$303
 $14
 $689
 $
 $1,006

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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Unaudited

THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the NineThree Months Ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2018
(In millions)

Parent
(The Hertz
Corporation)
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Eliminations 
The Hertz
Corporation &
Subsidiaries
Parent
(The Hertz
Corporation)
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 Eliminations 
The Hertz
Corporation &
Subsidiaries
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities$(80) $17
 $3,255
 $(1,211) $1,981
$(221) $7
 $957
 $(341) $402
Cash flows from investing activities:                  
Revenue earning vehicles expenditures(195) (5) (8,483) 
 (8,683)(129) 
 (3,436) 
 (3,565)
Proceeds from disposal of revenue earning vehicles123
 
 5,162
 
 5,285
48
 
 1,734
 
 1,782
Capital asset expenditures, non-vehicle(82) (8) (34) 
 (124)(28) (3) (13) 
 (44)
Proceeds from disposal of property and other equipment7
 
 11
 
 18
Proceeds from sale of Brazil Operations, net of retained cash
 
 94
 
 94
Sales of marketable securities
 
 9
 
 9
Proceeds from property and other equipment disposed of or to be disposed of
 
 4
 
 4
Other
 
 (4) 
 (4)(24) 
 (3) 
 (27)
Capital contributions to subsidiaries(2,060) 
 
 2,060
 
(877) 
 
 877
 
Return of capital from subsidiaries2,099
 
 
 (2,099) 
1,307
 
 
 (1,307) 
Proceeds from/repayments of intercompany loan
 
 80
 (80) 

 
 235
 (235) 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(108) (13) (3,165) (119) (3,405)297
 (3) (1,479) (665) (1,850)
Cash flows from financing activities:                  
Proceeds from issuance of vehicle debt1,133
 
 5,774
 
 6,907
554
 
 4,627
 
 5,181
Repayments of vehicle debt(1,129) 
 (4,758) 
 (5,887)(607) 
 (2,676) 
 (3,283)
Proceeds from issuance of non-vehicle debt2,100
 
 
 
 2,100
127
 
 
 
 127
Repayments of non-vehicle debt(986) 
 
 
 (986)(131) 
 
 
 (131)
Payment of financing costs(18) (4) (21) 
 (43)(1) 
 (18) 
 (19)
Early redemption premium payment(5) 
 
 
 (5)
Advances to Hertz Holdings(4) 
 
 
 (4)(4) 
 
 
 (4)
Other(1) 
 
 
 (1)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests
 
 5
 
 5
Capital contributions received from parent
 
 2,060
 (2,060) 

 
 877
 (877) 
Payment of dividends and return of capital
 
 (3,310) 3,310
 

 
 (1,648) 1,648
 
Proceeds from/repayments of intercompany loan(80) 
 
 80
 
(235) 
 
 235
 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities1,010
 (4) (255) 1,330
 2,081
(297) 
 1,167
 1,006
 1,876
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents
 
 26
 
 26

 
 8
 
 8
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents during the period822
 
 (139) 
 683
(221) 4
 653
 
 436
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at beginning of period510
 18
 566
 
 1,094
911
 16
 577
 
 1,504
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at end of period$1,332
 $18
 $427
 $
 $1,777
$690
 $20
 $1,230
 $
 $1,940


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HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


Hertz Global Holdings, Inc. (together with its consolidated subsidiaries and variable interest entities, "Hertz Global") is a holding company and its principal, wholly owned subsidiary is The Hertz Corporation (together with its consolidated subsidiaries and variable interest entities, "Hertz"). As Hertz Global consolidates Hertz for financial statement purposes, disclosures that relate to activities of Hertz also apply to Hertz Global, unless otherwise noted.and Hertz comprises approximately the entire balance of Hertz Global's assets, liabilities and operating cash flows. In addition, Hertz's operating revenues and operating expenses comprise nearly 100% of Hertz Global's revenues and operating expenses. As such, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") that follows herein is for Hertz and also applies to Hertz Global in all material respects, and differencesunless noted. Differences between the operations and results of Hertz and Hertz Global are separately disclosed and explained. We sometimes use the words "we," "our," "us," and the "Company" in this MD&A for disclosures that relate to all of Hertz and Hertz Global.

This MD&A should be read in conjunction with the MD&A presented in our 20172018 Form 10‑K and the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in Part I, Item 1 of this Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 (this "Report"), which include additional information about our accounting policies, practices and the transactions underlying our financial results. The preparation of our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes including vehicle depreciation and various claims and contingencies related to lawsuits, taxes and other matters arising during the normal course of business. We apply our best judgment, our knowledge of existing facts and circumstances and our knowledge of actions that we may undertake in the future in determining the estimates that will affect our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. We evaluate our estimates on an ongoing basis using our historical experience, as well as other factors we believe to be appropriate under the circumstances, such as current economic conditions, and adjust or revise our estimates as circumstances change. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results may differ from these estimates.

In this MD&A we refer to certain key metrics and non-GAAP measures, including the following:
Adjusted Pre-TaxPre-tax Income (Loss) - important to management because it allows management to assess the operational performance of our business, exclusive of certain items, and allows management to assess the performance of the entire business on the same basis as the segment measure of profitability. Management believes that it is important to investors for the same reasons it is important to management and because it allows them to assess our operational performance on the same basis that management uses internally.
Net Depreciation Per Unit Per Month - important to management and investors as depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges is one of our largest expenses for the vehicle rental business and is driven by the number of vehicles, expected residual values at the expected time of disposal and expected hold period of the vehicles. Net Depreciation Per Unit Per Month is reflective of how we are managing the costs of our vehicles and facilitates a comparison with other participants in the vehicle rental industry.
Total Revenue Per Transaction Day ("Total RPD," also referred to as "pricing") - important to management and investors as it represents a measurement of the changes in underlying pricing in the vehicle rental business and encompasses the elements in vehicle rental pricing that management has the ability to control.
Total Revenue Per Unit Per Month ("Total RPU") - important to management and investors as it provides a measure of revenue productivity relative to the total number of vehicles in our fleet whether owned or leased ("Average Vehicles" or "fleet capacity").
Transaction Days - important to management and investors as it represents the number of revenue generating days ("volume"). It is used as a component to measure Total RPD and Vehicle Utilization. Transaction Days represent the total number of 24-hour periods, with any partial period counted as one transaction day,Transaction Day, that vehicles were on rent (the period between when a rental contract is opened and closed) in a given period. Thus, it is possible for a vehicle to attain more than one transaction dayTransaction Day in a 24-hour period.
Vehicle Utilization - important to management and investors because it is the measurement of the proportion of our vehicles that are being used to generate revenues relative to fleet capacity. Higher vehicle utilizationVehicle Utilization means more vehicles are being utilized to generate revenue.


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)


Key metrics and non-GAAP measures should not be considered in isolation and should not be considered superior to, or a substitute for, financial measures calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The above key metrics and non-GAAP measures are defined, and the non-GAAP measures are reconciled to their most comparable U.S. GAAP measure, in the "Footnotes to the Results of Operations and Selected Operating Data by Segment Tables" section of this MD&A.

OUR COMPANY

Hertz GlobalHoldings was incorporated in Delaware in 2015 to serve as the top-level holding company for Rental Car Intermediate Holdings, LLC, which wholly owns Hertz, Hertz Global's primary operating company. Hertz was incorporated in Delaware in 1967 and is a successor to corporations that have been engaged in the vehicle rental and leasing business since 1918.

We operate our vehicle rental business globally primarily through the Hertz, Dollar and Thrifty brands from approximately 10,200 corporatecompany-owned, licensee and franchisee locations in North America, Europe, Latin America, Africa, Asia, Australia, the Caribbean, the Middle East and New Zealand. We are one of the largest worldwide airport general use vehicle rental companies and our Hertz brand name is one of the most recognized globally, signifying leadership in quality rental services and products. We have an extensive network of airport and off airport rental locations in the U.S. and in all major European markets. We believe that we maintain one of the leading airport vehicle rental brand market shares, by overall reported revenues, in the U.S. and at major airports in Europe where data regarding vehicle rental concessionaire activity is available. We are also a leading provider of comprehensive, integrated vehicle leasing and fleet management solutions through our Donlen subsidiary.

OVERVIEW OF OUR BUSINESS AND OPERATING ENVIRONMENT

We are engaged principally in the business of renting and leasing vehicles primarily through our Hertz, Dollar and Thrifty brands. In addition to vehicle rental, we provide, comprehensive, integrated vehicle leasing and fleet management solutions through our Donlen subsidiary. We have a diversified revenue base and a highly variable cost structure and are able to adjust fleet capacity, the most significant determinant of our costs, over time to meet expectations of market demand. Our profitability is primarily a function of the volume, mix and pricing of rental transactions and the utilization of vehicles, the related ownership cost of vehicles and other operating costs. Significant changes in the purchase price or residual values of vehicles or interest rates can have a significant effect on our profitability depending on our ability to adjust pricing for these changes. We continue to balance our mix of non-program and program vehicles based on market conditions, including residual values. Our business requires significant expenditures for vehicles, and consequently we require substantial liquidity to finance such expenditures. See "Liquidity and Capital Resources" below.
 
Our strategy includes optimization of our vehicle rental operations, disciplined performance management and evaluation of all locations and the pursuit of same-store sales growth.

Our total revenues primarily are derived from rental and related charges and consist of:
VehicleWorldwide vehicle rental revenues - revenues from all company-operated vehicle rental operations, including charges to customers for the reimbursement of costs incurred relating to airport concession fees and vehicle license fees, the fueling of vehicles and revenues associated with value-added services, associated with vehicle rentals, including the sale of loss or collision damage waivers, liability insurance coverage, parking and other products and fees,fees. Also included are ancillary revenues associated with the retail vehicle sales channel and certain royalty fees from our franchisees (such fees are less than 2% of total revenues each period); and
All other operations revenues - revenues from vehicle leasing and fleet management services by our Donlen business and other business activities.

Our expenses primarily consist of:
Direct vehicle and operating expense ("DOE") - primarily wages and related benefits, commissions and concession fees paid to airport authorities, travel agents and others, facility, self-insurance and reservation

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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

costsOur expenses primarily consist of:
Direct vehicle and operating expense ("DOE") (primarily wages and related benefits; commissions and concession fees paid to airport authorities, travel agents and others; facility, self-insurance and reservation costs; and other costs relating to the operation and rental of revenue earning vehicles, such as damage, maintenance and fuel costs;costs);
Depreciation expense and lease charges net relating to revenue earning vehicles (including net gains or losses on the disposal of such vehicles);vehicles;
Selling, general and administrative expense ("SG&A"), which includes costs for information technology and finance transformation programs; and
Interest expense, net.

Our Business Segments

We have identified three reportable segments, which are organized based on the products and services provided by our operating segments and the geographic areas in which our operating segments conduct business, as follows:
U.S. Rental Car ("U.S. RAC")RAC - Rental of vehicles, as well as sales of value-added services, in the U.S.;
International Rental Car ("International RAC")RAC - Rental and leasing of vehicles, as well as sales of value-added services, internationally; and
All Other Operations - Comprised primarily of our Donlen business, which provides vehicle leasing and fleet management services, and other business activities.
In addition to the above reportable segments, we have Corporate operations. We assess performance and allocate resources based upon the financial information for our operating segments.

FleetRevenue Earning Vehicles

We periodically review and adjust the mix between program and non-programRevenue earning vehicles used in our fleetrental and leasing operations are stated at cost, net of related discounts and incentives from manufacturers. Holding periods typically range from six to thirty-six months. Also included in revenue earning vehicles are vehicles placed on the Company's retail lots for sale or are actively in the process of being sold through other disposition channels.

Program vehicles are purchased under repurchase or guaranteed depreciation programs with vehicle manufacturers wherein the manufacturers agree to repurchase vehicles at a specified price or guarantee the depreciation rate on the vehicles during established repurchase or auction periods, subject to, among other things, certain vehicle condition, mileage and holding period requirements. Guaranteed depreciation programs guarantee on an effort to optimizeaggregate basis the mixresidual value of vehicles.the program vehicle upon sale. Program vehicles generally provide us with flexibility to increase or reduce the size of our fleet based on economic demand. When we increase the percentage of program vehicles, the average age of our fleet decreases since the average holding period for program vehicles is shorter than for non-program vehicles.

When a revenue earning vehicle is acquired outside of a vehicle repurchase program, the Company estimates the period that it will hold the asset, primarily based on historical measures of the amount of rental activity (e.g.,automobile mileage). The Company also estimates the residual value of the applicable revenue earning vehicles at the expected time of disposal, taking into consideration factors such as make, model and options, age, physical condition, mileage, sale location, time of the year and channel of disposition (e.g.,auction, retail, dealer direct) and market conditions. The vehicle is depreciated using a rate based on these estimates. Depreciation rates are reviewed on a quarterly basis based on management's ongoing assessment of present and estimated future market conditions, their effect on residual values at the expected time of disposal and the estimated holding period of the vehicle. Differences between actual residual values and those estimated result in an adjustment to depreciation upon disposition of the vehicle. The Company's depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges also includes costs associated with the disposal of vehicles and rents paid for vehicles leased.


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HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

We dispose of our non-program vehicles via auction, dealer-direct and our retail locations. Non-program vehicles disposed of through our retail outlets allow us the opportunity for value-added revenue, such as warranty, financing and title fees. We periodically review and adjust the ratio ofmix between program and non-program vehicles in our fleet as needed based on contract negotiations and the economic environment pertaining to our industry.industry in an effort to optimize the mix of vehicles.

Seasonality

Our vehicle rental operations are a seasonal business, with decreased levels of business in the winter months and heightened activity during the spring and summer peak ("our peak season") for the majority of countries where we generate our revenues. To accommodate increased demand, we increase our available fleet and staff during the second and third quarters of the year. As business demand declines, vehicles and staff are decreased accordingly. A number of our other major operating costs, including airport concession fees, commissions and vehicle liability expenses, are directly related to revenues or transaction volumes. In addition, our management expects to utilize enhanced process improvements, including utilization initiatives and the use of our information technology systems, to help manage our variable costs. Generally, between 70% and 75% of our annual operating costs represent variable costs, while the remaining costs are fixed or semi-fixed. We also maintain a flexible workforce, with a significant number of part-time and seasonal workers. Certain operating expenses, including real estate taxes, rent, insurance, utilities, maintenance and other facility-related expenses, the costs of operating our information technology systems and minimum staffing costs, remain fixed and cannot be adjusted for seasonal demand.


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

Adoption of the new RevenueLease Standard

Effective January 1, 2018,2019, we adopted the new revenuelease standard, Topic 606,842 which resulted in a net increase to beginning accumulated deficit in the amount of $189 million related to the cumulative effect of our loyalty program. The adoption of Topic 606 did not have a significant impact to our results of operations for the third quarter and ninethree months ended September 30, 2018.March 31, 2019. See theRevenue from Contracts with Customers section in Note 2, "Basis of Presentation and Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements" for further information.

20182019 Operating Overview

The following provides an overview of our business and financial performance and key factors influencing our results:
U.S. RAC
3Q 20181Q 2019 versus 3Q 2017:1Q 2018:
Total revenues increased $167$94 million, or 10%7%
Total RPD and Total RPU increased 3%2%
Transaction Days increased 7%4%
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges net decreased 9%11% to $414$386 million
Net Depreciation Per Unit Per Month decreased 15% to $261$256
Vehicle Utilization was 81%, an increase of 30 bpscomparable at 79%
DOE as a percentage of total revenues was flat at 58%
SG&A as a percentage of total revenues increased 130decreased 80 bps (7%(64% versus 6%)

Nine months of 2018 versus nine months of 2017:
Total revenues increased $348 million, or 8%
Total RPD increased 1%, and Total RPU increased 3%
Transaction Days increased 7%
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net decreased 12% to $1.3 billion
Net Depreciation Per Unit Per Month decreased 16% to $282
Vehicle Utilization increased 190 bps (81% versus 79%)
DOE as a percentage of total revenues increased 110 bps (61% versus 60%65%)
SG&A as a percentage of total revenues increased 70100 bps (7%(8% versus 6%7%)

International RAC
3Q 20181Q 2019 versus 3Q 2017:1Q 2018:
Total revenues increased $4decreased $35 million, or 1%7%, and increased $18 million, or 3%,were flat, excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange at average rates ("fx")
Total RPD increased 3%decreased 2%, and Total RPU increased 1%decreased 3%
Transaction Days were flatincreased 2%
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges net increased 2%decreased 5% to $128$97 million, and increased $5$3 million, or 4%3%, excluding fx
Net Depreciation Per Unit Per Month increased 3% to $205
was comparable ($212 versus $211)
Vehicle Utilization decreased 12090 bps (80%(74% versus 82%75%)
DOE as a percentage of total revenues increased 140150 bps (52%(66% versus 51%64%).
SG&A as a percentage of total revenues was flat at 9%decreased 40bps (12% versus 13%)

Nine months of 2018 versus nine months of 2017:
Total revenues increased $106 million, or 6%, and increased $40 million, or 2%, excluding fx
Total RPD increased 3%, and Total RPU increased 2%
Recorded $23 million in expenses during the first quarter of 2019 and 2018 associated with our information technology and finance transformation programs, both of which are multi-year initiatives to upgrade and modernize the company's systems and processes.

For more information on the above, see the discussion of our results on a consolidated basis and by segment that follows herein.


Transaction Days decreased 1%
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net increased 10% to $342 million, and increased $15 million, or 5%, excluding fx
Net Depreciation Per Unit Per Month increased 6% to $208
Vehicle Utilization decreased 80 bps (78% versus 79%)

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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

DOE as a percentage of total revenues decreased 90 bps (56% versus 57%)
SG&A as a percentage of total revenues was flat at 10%

Recorded $24 million and $75 million in expenses during the third quarter and the nine months of 2018, respectively, associated with our information technology and finance transformation programs, compared to $15 million and $55 million during the third quarter and nine months of 2017, respectively.

For more information on the above, see the discussion of our results on a consolidated basis and by segment that follows herein.

CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - HERTZ
Three Months Ended September 30, Percent Increase/(Decrease) Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 Percent Increase/(Decrease)Three Months Ended March 31, Percent Increase/(Decrease)
($ in millions)2018 2017 2018 2017 2019 2018 
Total revenues$2,758
 $2,572
 7 % $7,209
 $6,713
 7 %$2,107
 $2,063
 2 %
Direct vehicle and operating expenses1,459
 1,348
 8
 4,043
 3,735
 8
1,266
 1,236
 2
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net672
 700
 (4) 2,020
 2,144
 (6)
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges592
 661
 (10)
Selling, general and administrative expenses265
 217
 22
 765
 661
 16
234
 234
 
Interest expense, net:                
Vehicle115
 90
 28
 336
 242
 39
112
 94
 19
Non-vehicle71
 85
 (16) 213
 219
 (3)69
 71
 (3)
Interest expense, net186
 175
 6
 549
 461
 19
181
 165
 10
Intangible asset impairments
 
 
 
 86
 (100)
Other (income) expense, net(7) (12) (42) (36) 19
 NM
(19) (3) NM
Income (loss) before income taxes183
 144
 27
 (132) (393) (66)(147) (230) (36)
Income tax (provision) benefit(42) (50) (16) 10
 107
 (91)1
 29
 (97)
Net income (loss)$141
 $94
 50
 $(122) $(286) (57)(146) (201) (27)
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests$1
 $
 
 $1
 $
 
1
 
 
Net income (loss) attributable to Hertz$142
 $94
 51
 $(121) $(286) (58)$(145) $(201) (28)
Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss)(a)
$242
 $189
 28
 $49
 $(103) NM
$(109) $(174) (37)
Footnotes to the table above are shown in the "Footnotes to the Results of Operations and Selected Operating Data by Segment Tables" section of this MD&A.
NM - Not meaningful

Three Months Ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 Compared with Three Months Ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2018

Total revenues increased $186$44 million, or 7%2%, in the first quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due primarily to an increase of $167$94 million in our U.S. RAC segment, partially offset by a decrease of $35 million and $15 million in our U.S.International RAC and All Other Operations segments, respectively. U.S. RAC revenues increased due to 7% higher volume comprised of a 17% increase for our off airport business and a 2% increase for our airport business, while Total RPD increased 3% for the segment. Total revenues in our All Other Operations segment increased $15 millionprimarily due to an increase in Donlen's leasing volume.RPD. Revenues for the International RAC segment increased slightly and, excluding a $14 million fxdecreased primarily due to the impact increased $18 million, or 3%, driven by a 3% increase in Total RPD.of fx.

DOE increased $111$30 million, year over yearor 2%, in the first quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to an increase of $98$49 million in our U.S. RAC segment, and $12partially offset by a decrease of $16 million in our International RAC segment. The increase in our U.S. RAC segment was primarilypartly due to increased core rental volumes, transportation network companies ("TNC") rentals and investments in additional personnel related to our transformation initiatives.volume growth. Excluding an $8a $23 million fx impact, DOE for International RAC increased $20$7 million.

Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges decreased $69 million, or 10%, in the first quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to a $48 million decrease in our U.S. RAC segment and a $16 million decrease in our All Other Operations segment. The decrease in our U.S. RAC segment resulted from continued strength in residual values and increases in dispositions through higher-yielding dealer direct and retail sales channels.

SG&A was down slightly due to decreased incentive compensation charges in our Corporate operations and the impact of fx in our International RAC segment, mostly offset by increased personneladvertising and other vehicle expenses.restructuring related expenses in our U.S. RAC segment.

Vehicle interest expense, net increased $18 million, or 19%, in the first quarter of 2019 compared to 2018 due to an increase in debt levels resulting from higher average fleet and higher market interest rates.

Non-vehicle interest expense, net in the first quarter of 2019 was comparable to the prior year quarter.


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)


Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net decreased $28 million, or 4%, primarily due to a $41 million decrease in our U.S. RAC segment resulting from favorable acquisition prices and residual values, and opportunistic sales of certain models. The decrease was partially offset by an $11 million increase in our All Other Operations segment.

SG&A increased $48 million, or 22%, in the third quarter of 2018 compared to 2017, primarily due to an increase of $63 million in marketing, information technology and finance transformation program costs, litigation charges, including the loss contingency related to the previously disclosed accounting review and investigation, incentive compensation and other expenses, offset by a $15 million decrease due to labor related matters and other expenses. The above changes are primarily related to our U.S. RAC segment and corporate operations.

Vehicle interest expense, net increased $25 million, or 28%, in the third quarter of 2018 compared to 2017 primarily due to higher market interest rates, increased margins on bank funded facilities and an increase in debt levels due to higher average fleet.

Non-vehicle interest expense, net decreased $14 million, or 16%, in the third quarter of 2018 compared to 2017, primarily due to decreased outstanding non-vehicle debt balances, partially offset by the impact of higher interest rates primarily associated with a higher LIBOR.

We had other income of $7$19 million for the thirdfirst quarter of 20182019 compared to $12$3 million in the thirdfirst quarter of 2017.2018. Other income in 20182019 was primarily comprised of a pre-taxan $11 million gain on marketable securities. Other income in 2017 was primarily comprised of a pre-taxsecurities and an $8 million gain on the sale of our Brazil Operations recorded in the International RAC segment and a pre-tax gain resulting from a return ofnon-vehicle capital from an equity method investment.assets.

The effective tax rate in the thirdfirst quarter of 20182019 was (23%)1% compared to (35%)13% in the thirdfirst quarter of 2017.2018. We recorded a tax provisionbenefit of $42$1 million in the thirdfirst quarter of 20182019 compared to $50$29 million in the thirdfirst quarter of 2017.2018. The effective income tax rate and related tax provisionbenefit were lower driven by overall improvement in our results of operations, primarily due to lower losses in the reduced corporateU.S. where an income tax rate as a resultbenefit was recognized, and the impact of the TCJA, tax credits, and the composition of earnings by jurisdictions, partially offset by a net provisional amount of $15 million for the one-time transition tax related to TCJA. The provisional amount for the one-time transition tax related to TCJA may change in the fourth quarter of 2018 once we finalize our calculation. jurisdiction.

Adjusted Pre-tax IncomeLoss was $242$109 million in the thirdfirst quarter of 20182019 compared to $189$174 million in the thirdfirst quarter of 2017.2018. See footnote (a) in the "Footnotes to the Results of Operations and Selected Operating Data by Segment Tables" for a summary and description of reconciling adjustments on a consolidated basis.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 Compared with Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017

Total revenues increased $496 million, or 7%, due primarily to an increase of $348 million, $106 million and $42 million in our U.S. RAC, International RAC, and All Other Operations segments, respectively. U.S. RAC revenues increased due to a 7% increase in volume, comprised of a 15% increase for our off airport business and a 2% increase for our airport business, and increased Total RPD of 1%. Excluding a $66 million fx impact, International RAC revenues increased $40 million, or 2%, driven by a 3% increase in Total RPD, partially offset by a 1% decrease in transaction days. Total revenues in our All Other Operations segment increased primarily due to an increase in Donlen's leasing volume.

DOE increased $308 million year over year primarily due to increases of $266 million and $44 million in our U.S. RAC and International RAC segments, respectively. The increase in our U.S. RAC segment was primarily due to increased core rental volumes (those excluding TNC rentals), investments in additional personnel related to our transformation initiatives and TNC rentals. Excluding the $43 million fx impact, DOE for International RAC was nearly flat.


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net decreased $124 million, or 6%, primarily due to a $183 million decrease in our U.S. RAC segment resulting from decreases in losses on disposal of revenue earning vehicles due to stabilization in residual values and a 14 percentage point increase in dispositions through dealer direct and retail sales channels. The decrease was partially offset by an increase of $31 million and $28 million in our International RAC and All Other Operations segments, respectively. Excluding a $16 million fx impact, depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net for our International RAC segment increased $15 million resulting from higher per vehicle depreciation rates. The increase in All Other Operations was due to an increase in Donlen's leasing volume.

SG&A increased $104 million, or 16%, in the nine months of 2018 compared to 2017, due to an increase of $143 million in marketing, information technology and finance transformation program costs, incentive compensation, litigation charges, including the loss contingency related to the previously disclosed accounting review and investigation, which totals $13.6 million, and other expenses, partially offset by a $39 million decrease due to labor related matters and other expenses. The above changes are primarily related to the U.S. RAC and International RAC segments, and our corporate operations. Excluding the $10 million fx impact, SG&A for International RAC increased $6 million.

Vehicle interest expense, net increased $94 million, or 39%, in the nine months of 2018 compared to 2017 primarily due to higher market interest rates, an increase in margins on bank funded facilities, an increase in debt levels due to higher average fleet and an increase in loss on extinguishment of debt.

Non-vehicle interest expense, net decreased $6 million, or 3%, in the nine months of 2018 compared to 2017, primarily due to decreased outstanding non-vehicle debt balances during the period and a decrease in loss on extinguishment of debt, partially offset by the impact of higher interest rates largely attributable to a higher LIBOR and the issuance of our Senior Second Priority Secured Notes in June 2017.

We had intangible asset impairments of $86 million related to the Dollar Thrifty tradename in the nine months of 2017 with no comparable charges in the nine months of 2018.

We had other income of $36 million in the nine months of 2018 compared to other expense of $19 million in the nine months of 2017. Other income in 2018 was primarily comprised of a $21 million pre-tax gain on marketable securities and a $6 million legal settlement received in the second quarter related to an oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, which relate to our corporate operations and U.S. RAC segment, respectively. Other expense in 2017 was primarily comprised of a $30 million impairment of an equity method investment which was partially offset by a pre-tax gain resulting from a return of capital from an equity method investment, and a pre-tax gain on the sale of our Brazil Operations.

The effective tax rate in the nine months of 2018 was 8% compared to 27% in the nine months of 2017. We recorded a tax benefit of $10 million in the nine months of 2018 compared to $107 million in the nine months of 2017. The effective income tax rate and related tax benefit were lower primarily due to the reduced corporate tax rate as a result of the TCJA, reduced corporate losses, and the composition of earnings by jurisdictions, partially offset by a net provisional amount of $15 million for the one-time transition tax liability related to TCJA. The provisional amount for the one-time transition tax related to TCJA may change in the fourth quarter of 2018 once we finalize our calculation. 

Adjusted Pre-tax Income was $49 million in the nine months of 2018 compared to Adjusted Pre-tax Loss of $103 million in the nine months of 2017. See footnote (a) in the "Footnotes to the Results of Operations and Selected Operating Data by Segment Tables" for a summary and description of reconciling adjustments on a consolidated basis.

CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - HERTZ GLOBAL

The above discussion for Hertz also applies to Hertz Global.

Hertz Global had $2 million and $5$1 million of interest expense, net for the thirdfirst quarter of 2019 and nine months of 2018, respectively, and $1 million and $4 million of interest expense, net for the third quarter and nine months of 2017,

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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

respectively that was incremental to the amounts shown for Hertz. This amount represents interest associated with amounts outstanding under a master loan agreement between the companies. Hertz includes this amount as interest income in its statement of operations, but this amount is eliminated in consolidation for purposes of presenting Hertz Global. Hertz had $1 million of income tax provision for the third quarter of 2018 that was incremental to the amounts shown for Hertz Global. Hertz Global had $2 million of income tax benefit for the nine months of 2018 and $1 million of income tax benefit for the nine months of 2017 that was incremental to the amounts shown for Hertz.


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND SELECTED OPERATING DATA BY SEGMENT

U.S. Rental Car
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Percent Increase/(Decrease) Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 Percent Increase/(Decrease) Three Months Ended
March 31,
 Percent Increase/(Decrease) 
($ in millions, except as noted)2018 2017 2018 2017 2019 2018 
Total revenues$1,852
 $1,685
 10 %
 $4,905
 $4,557
 8 %
$1,520
 $1,426
 7 %
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges$386
 $434
 (11)% 
Direct vehicle and operating expenses$1,068
 $970
 10
 $3,016
 $2,750
 10
 $976
 $927
 5
 
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net$414
 $455
 (9) $1,295
 $1,478
 (12) 
Selling, general and administrative expenses$128
 $94
 36
 $345
 $290
 19
 $121
 $99
 22
 
Income (loss) before income taxes$203
 $131
 55

 $145
 $(147) NM

$14
 $(68) NM

Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss)(a)
$222
 $158
 41

 $200
 $5
 NM

$25
 $(48) NM

Transaction Days (in thousands)(b)
39,478
 36,879
 7
 112,427
 105,424
 7
 35,582
 34,203
 4
 
Average Vehicles (in whole units)(c)
527,900
 495,000
 7
 509,800
 489,300
 4
 501,767
 478,600
 5
 
Vehicle Utilization(c)
81% 81% 30
bps 81% 79% 190
bps79% 79% (60)bps
Total RPD (in whole dollars)(d)
$46.23
 $45.04
 3
 $42.93
 $42.56
 1
 $41.90
 $40.93
 2
 
Total RPU Per Month (in whole dollars)(e)
$1,152
 $1,119
 3
 $1,052
 $1,019
 3
 $990
 $975
 2
 
Net Depreciation Per Unit Per Month (in whole dollars)(f)
$261
 $306
 (15) $282
 $336
 (16) 
Depreciation Per Unit Per Month (in whole dollars)(f)
$256
 $302
 (15) 
Percentage of program vehicles at period end12% 9% 290
bps 12% 9% 290
bps9% 9% (90)bps
Footnotes to the table above are shown in the "Footnotes to the Results of Operations and Selected Operating Data by Segment Tables" section of this MD&A.
NM - Not meaningful

Three Months Ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 Compared with Three Months Ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2018

Total U.S. RAC revenues were $1.9 billion inincreased $94 million from the thirdfirst quarter of 2018 andue to higher volume and pricing. The 4% increase of $167 million, or 10%, from the third quarter of 2017.in Transaction Days increased 7%, while Total RPD increased 3%. Increased volume was driven by a 17% increasegrowth in our off airport business and aTNC rentals. The 2% increase in our airport business. Off airport volume increased primarily due to growth inTotal RPD was driven by leisure and TNC insurance replacement and retail rentals. Airport volume increased due to growth in corporate contracted rentals. Off airport revenues comprised 31%33% of total revenues for the segment in the thirdfirst quarter of 20182019 as compared to 28%31% in the thirdfirst quarter of 2017. Total RPD increased due to growth in nearly all customer segments.

Depreciation rates are reviewed on a quarterly basis based on management's routine review of present and estimated future market conditions and their effect on residual values at the time of disposal. Depreciation rates being used to compute the provision for depreciation of revenue earning vehicles are adjusted on certain vehicles in our vehicle rental operations to reflect changes in the estimated residual values to be realized when revenue earning vehicles are sold based on the expected hold period for the vehicles. The change in estimate, based on the review completed for U.S. RAC during the third quarter of 2018, resulted in a reduction to depreciation expense of $30 million. The third quarter of 2018 rate change reflects favorable acquisition prices and residual values, and opportunistic sales of certain models. The change in estimate, based on the review completed for U.S. RAC during the third quarter of 2017, resulted in a decrease in depreciation expense of $15 million which reflected the stabilization of residual values and a two month

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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

increase in the assumed hold period for model year 2017 vehicles to accommodate increased volume in our off airport rentals.2018.

Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges net for U.S. RAC decreased by $41$48 million or 9%, in the thirdfirst quarter of 20182019 compared to 2017. The decrease year over year was2018 primarily the result of improveddue to continued strength in residual values and opportunisticmore dispositions through higher-yielding dealer direct and retail sales of certain models. Netchannels. Depreciation Per Unit Per Month decreased to $261$256 in the thirdfirst quarter of 20182019 compared to $306$302 in the thirdfirst quarter of 2017.2018.

DOE for U.S. RAC increased $98$49 million or 10%, of which $47 million was driven by higher core rental volume, $17$28 million was driven by growth in TNC rentals, and $12$28 million was driven by incremental investments in additional personnel relateddue to our transformation initiatives. Also contributing to the increase are the following:

Increased transportation expense of $9 million driven by higher rates from third-party transportation providersincreased other vehicle operating expenses, and additional trucking for pre-owned vehicle purchases.

Increased damage expense of $7 million related to weather events.

Increased fuel expense of $7 million due to higher market fuel prices compared to 2017.increased commissions and other personnel related expenses. The above were partially offset by a $20 million decrease in facility and other charges.

DOE as a percentage of total revenues for U.S. RAC was 58% for the third quarters of both 2018 and 2017. SG&A as a percentage of total revenues for U.S. RAC was 7% for the third quarter of 2018 compared to 6% for the third quarter of 2017, an increase of 130 bps, increased $22 millionprimarily due to an increase of $24 million in incremental marketing investments.advertising and restructuring related charges.

IncomeThere was income before income taxes for U.S. RAC was $203of $14 million in the thirdfirst quarter of 20182019 compared to $131loss before income taxes of $68 million in the thirdfirst quarter of 2017.2018. The $72$82 million year over year favorable variance was primarily due to the impact of increased revenues and decreased depreciation expense on our revenue earning vehicles. The favorable variance was partially offset by the increase in DOE and SG&A and an $18a $12 million increase in vehicle related interest expense due to higher market interest rates, increased margins on bank funded facilities and an increase in debt levels due toresulting from higher average fleet.fleet and higher market interest rates.
 
Adjusted Pre-tax Income for U.S. RAC was $222$25 million in the thirdfirst quarter of 20182019 compared to $158 million in the third quarter of 2017. See footnote (a) in the "Footnotes to the Results of Operations and Selected Operating Data by Segment Tables" for a summary and description of reconciling adjustments on a consolidated basis.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 Compared with Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017

Total U.S. RAC revenues were $4.9 billion in the nine months of 2018, an increase of $348 million, or 8%, from the nine months of 2017. Transaction Days increased 7%, while Total RPD increased 1%. Increased volume was driven by a 15% increase in our off airport business and a 2% increase in our airport business. Off airport volume increased due to growth in TNC and insurance replacement rentals. Airport volume increased due to growth in corporate contracted rentals. Off airport revenues comprised 30% of total revenues for the segment in the nine months of 2018 as compared to 28% in the nine months of 2017. Total RPD increased primarily due to growth in TNC and retail customer segments.

Depreciation rates are reviewed on a quarterly basis based on management's routine review of present and estimated future market conditions and their effect on residual values at the time of disposal. Depreciation rates being used to compute the provision for depreciation of revenue earning vehicles are adjusted on certain vehicles in our vehicle rental operations to reflect changes in the estimated residual values to be realized when revenue earning vehicles are sold based on the expected hold period for the vehicles. The changes in estimate, based on reviews completed for U.S. RAC during the nine months of 2018, resulted in a reduction to depreciation expense of $20 million. The nine months of 2018 rate change reflects favorable residual values, particularly on mid and full-size sedans, and opportunistic sales of certain vehicles, partially offset by the impact of unfavorable residual values on regular and large sport utility vehicles. The changes in estimate, based on reviews completed for U.S. RAC during the nine months of 2017, resulted in additional depreciation expense of $68 million which reflected shortened hold periods on certain non-program vehicles

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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

as we rebalanced the fleet, our onboarding of a richer mix of premium model year 2017 vehicles, and declining residual values primarily experienced in the first half of the year.

Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net for U.S. RAC decreased by $183 million, or 12%, in the nine months of 2018 compared to 2017. The decrease year over year was primarily the result of improved residual values and a 14 percentage point increase in dispositions through dealer direct and retail sales channels. Net Depreciation Per Unit Per Month decreased to $282 in the nine months of 2018 compared to $336 in the nine months of 2017.

DOE for U.S. RAC increased $266 million, or 10%, of which $93 million was driven by core rental volume, $56 million was driven by incremental investments in additional personnel related to our transformation initiatives and $46 million was driven by growth in TNC rentals. Also contributing to the increase are the following:

Increased transportation expense of $26 million driven by increased usage, higher rates from third-party transportation providers and additional trucking for pre-owned vehicle purchases and fleet optimization.

Increased facility expenses of $15 million primarily driven by increased rent and facility services.

Increased other vehicle expense of $11 million primarily driven by increased licensing fees in certain states.

Increased fuel expense of $10 million due to higher market fuel prices compared to 2017.

DOE as a percentage of total revenues for U.S. RAC was 61% for the nine months of 2018 compared to 60% for the nine months of 2017, an increase of 110 bps. SG&A as a percentage of total revenues for U.S. RAC was 7% for the nine months of 2018 compared to 6% for the nine months of 2017, an increase of 70 bps, primarily due to an increaseAdjusted Pre-tax Loss of $48 million in incremental marketing investments.

Income before income taxes for U.S. RAC was $145 million in the nine monthsfirst quarter of 2018 compared to loss before income taxes of $147 million in the nine months of 2017. The $292 million year over year improvement was primarily due to the impact of increased revenues, decreased depreciation expense on our revenue earning vehicles and the impairment of the Dollar Thrifty tradename in the second half of 2017. The improvement was partially offset by an increase in DOE and SG&A and an $11 million increase in interest expense, net primarily driven by vehicle related interest expense due to higher market interest rates, an increase in margins on bank funded facilities, and an increase in debt levels due to higher average fleet.

Adjusted Pre-tax Income for U.S. RAC was $200 million in the nine months of 2018 compared to $5 million in the nine months of 2017.2018. See footnote (a) in the "Footnotes to the Results of Operations and Selected Operating Data by Segment Tables" for a summary and description of reconciling adjustments on a consolidated basis.


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

International Rental Car
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Percent Increase/(Decrease) Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 Percent Increase/(Decrease) Three Months Ended
March 31,
 Percent Increase/(Decrease) 
($ in millions, except as noted)2018 2017 2018 2017 2019 2018 
Total revenues$732
 $728
 1 %
 $1,789
 $1,683
 6 %
$433
 $468
 (7)%
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges$97
 $102
 (5) 
Direct vehicle and operating expenses$384
 $372
 3
 $1,006
 $962
 5
 $284
 $300
 (5) 
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net$128
 $126
 2
 $342
 $311
 10
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses$65
 $63
 3
 $186
 $170
 9
 $54
 $60
 (10) 
Income (loss) before income taxes$131
 $152
 (14)
 $169
 $189
 (11)
$(24) $(12) 100

Adjusted Pre-tax Income (loss)(a)
$133
 $147
 (10)
 $201
 $200
 1

$(18) $(6) 200

Transaction Days (in thousands)(b)
15,876
 15,947
 
 39,075
 39,366
 (1) 10,127
 9,974
 2
 
Average Vehicles (in whole units)(c)
214,900
 212,600
 1
 183,600
 183,100
 
 152,747
 148,700
 3
 
Vehicle Utilization(c)
80% 82% (120)bps 78% 79% (80)bps74% 75% (90)bps
Total RPD (in whole dollars)(d)
$47.37
 $46.03
 3
 $46.01
 $44.56
 3
 $42.56
 $43.41
 (2) 
Total RPU Per Month (in whole dollars)(e)
$1,166
 $1,151
 1
 $1,088
 $1,064
 2
 $941
 $971
 (3) 
Net Depreciation Per Unit Per Month (in whole dollars)(f)
$205
 $199
 3
 $208
 $197
 6
 
Depreciation Per Unit Per Month (in whole dollars)(f)
$212
 $211
 
 
Percentage of program vehicles at period end45% 45% 20
bps 45% 45% 20
bps39% 41% (250)bps
Footnotes to the table above are shown in the "Footnotes to the Results of Operations and Selected Operating Data by Segment Tables" section of this MD&A.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 Compared with Three Months Ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2018

Total revenues for International RAC increased $4decreased $35 million or 1%, in the thirdfirst quarter of 20182019 compared to 2017.2018. Excluding a $14$33 million fx impact, revenues increased $18 million, or 3%,were flat due to a 2% increase in Transaction Days primarily driven by growth in both leisure and business customer segments during the summer peak season in the Asia Pacific region, offset by a 3% increase2% decrease in Total RPD. ExcludingRPD due in part to the impact of the saletiming of our Brazil operationsthe Easter holiday in 2017, total revenues for International RAC increased $12 million, or 2%, Total RPD increased 1% due to improved pricing in leisure markets, and transaction days increased 2% due primarily to growth in corporate contracted and van rentals.2019 versus 2018.

Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges net for International RAC increased $2decreased $5 million or 2%, in the thirdfirst quarter of 20182019 compared to 2017. Excluding a $32018 largely due to an $8 million fx impact, depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net increased $5 million or 4% primarily due to higher per vehicle depreciation rates which were primarily driven by declining residual values on diesel vehicles in Europe. Netimpact. Depreciation Per Unit Per Month for International RAC increased 3% to $205 from $199was comparable for the thirdfirst quarter of 20182019 versus 2017.2018.

DOE for International RAC increased $12decreased $16 million in the first quarter of 2019 compared to the prior year.first quarter of 2018. Excluding an $8a $23 million fx impact, DOE increased $20$7 million, or 5%3%, compared to the prior year driven by an increase of $9 million in personnel related expenses for the summer peak season and $9 million in other vehicle expenses, including maintenance and damage charges, due to fleet mix.

DOE as a percentage of total revenues for International RAC was 52% for the thirdfirst quarter of 2018 primarily driven by higher field compensation and other vehicle operating expenses due in part to higher volumes, partially offset by a decrease in public liability and property damage expense.

SG&A decreased $6 million in the first quarter of 2019 compared to 51% for the third quarter of 2017, an increase of 140 bps, and SG&A as a percentage of total revenues for International RAC was 9% for the thirdfirst quarter of 2018 and 2017.largely due to a $5 million fx impact.

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ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)


IncomeLoss before income taxes for International RAC was $131$24 million in the thirdfirst quarter of 20182019 compared to $152$12 million in the thirdfirst quarter of 2017.2018. The $21$12 million year over year unfavorable variance was primarily due to the increasedecrease in revenues, partially offset by the decrease in DOE, SG&A and depreciation expense on our revenue earning vehicles. Additionally, there was a $6 million pre-tax gain recorded on the sale of our Brazil operations in 2017 with no comparable gain in 2018.

Adjusted Pre-tax IncomeLoss for International RAC was $133$18 million in the thirdfirst quarter of 20182019 compared to $147$6 million in the thirdfirst quarter of 2017. See footnote (a) in the "Footnotes to the Results of Operations and Selected Operating Data by Segment Tables" for a summary and description of reconciling adjustments on a consolidated basis.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 Compared with Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017

Total revenues for International RAC increased $106 million, or 6%, in the nine months of 2018 compared to 2017. Excluding a $66 million fx impact, revenues increased $40 million, or 2%, driven by an increase in pricing, partially offset by lower volume. Total RPD for International RAC increased 3% due to improved pricing in our leisure markets and the sale of our lower RPD operations in Brazil in the third quarter of 2017. Transaction days decreased 1% mostly due to the sale of our Brazil operations. Excluding the impact of the sale of our Brazil operations, total revenues for International RAC increased $139 million, or 8%, Total RPD increased 1%, and transaction days increased 3%.

Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net for International RAC increased $31 million, or 10%, in the nine months of 2018 compared to 2017. Excluding a $16 million fx impact, depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net increased $15 million or 5% primarily due to higher per vehicle depreciation rates, which was primarily driven by declining residual values on diesel vehicles in Europe. Net Depreciation Per Unit Per Month for International RAC increased 6% to $208 from $197 for the nine months of 2018 versus 2017.

DOE for International RAC increased $44 million in the nine months of 2018 compared to 2017. Excluding a $43 million fx impact, DOE was flat driven by a $19 million decrease in public liability and property damage expense due to favorable case development and fewer large claims, and a charge recorded in 2017 resulting from a terrorist event. The decrease was partially offset by an increase of $12 million in field compensation.

DOE as a percentage of total revenues for International RAC was 56% for the nine months of 2018 compared to 57% for the nine months of 2017, a decrease of 90 bps, and SG&A as a percentage of total revenues for International RAC was 10% for the nine months of both 2018 and 2017.

Income before income taxes for International RAC was $169 million in the nine months of 2018 compared to $189 million in the nine months of 2017. The $20 million unfavorable variance year over year was primarily due to an increase in DOE and depreciation expense on our revenue earning vehicles. Additionally, there was an increase of $30 million in interest expense, net primarily due to a $20 million loss on extinguishment of debt associated with the redemption of the 4.375% European Vehicle Senior Notes due January 2019 and higher interest rates on our outstanding debt balances. Also, there was a $16 million increase in SG&A primarily due to the impact of foreign currency exchange rates. The above were partially offset by increased revenues.

Adjusted Pre-tax Income for International RAC was $201 million in the nine months of 2018 compared to $200 million in the nine months of 2017.2018. See footnote (a) in the "Footnotes to the Results of Operations and Selected Operating Data by Segment Tables" for a summary and description of reconciling adjustments on a consolidated basis.


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

All Other Operations

The All Other Operations segment is primarily comprised of our Donlen business and, as such, our discussion is limited to Donlen.

Results of operations for this segment are as follows:

Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Percent Increase/(Decrease) Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 Percent Increase/(Decrease)Three Months Ended
March 31,
 Percent Increase/(Decrease)
($ in millions)2018 2017 2018 2017 2019 2018 
Total revenues$174
 $159
 9 % $515
 $473
 9 %$154
 $169
 (9)%
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges$109
 $125
 (13)
Direct vehicle and operating expenses$8
 $9
 (11) $25
 $28
 (11)$6
 $9
 (33)
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net$130
 $119
 9
 $383
 $355
 8
Selling, general and administrative expenses$10
 $8
 25
 $28
 $25
 12
$7
 $10
 (30)
Income (loss) before income taxes$19
 $17
 12
 $59
 $51
 16
$24
 $19
 26
Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss)(a)
$22
 $20
 10
 $68
 $59
 15
$25
 $22
 14
Average Vehicles (in whole units) - Donlen185,300
 205,600
 (10) 188,200
 206,500
 (9)
Average Vehicles - Donlen192,799
 191,600
 1
Footnotes to the table above are shown in the "Footnotes to the Results of Operations and Selected Operating Data by Segment Tables" section of this MD&A.

Donlen had favorable results in the third quarter and nine months of 2018 as compared to the third quarter and nine months of 2017. Donlen units under lease increased 4% in the third quarter of 2018 versus 2017 and increased 3% in the nine months of 2018 versus 2017. Growth in units under lease, as well as a richer mix of vehicles, resulted in increased revenuesLower year-over-year revenue and depreciation expense. Additionally, thereof revenue earning vehicles and lease charges were increased charges related to new leases entered into beginningdriven by the impact of a change in 2017 with fewer comparable leases entered into in 2018, resulting in a decrease in DOE. The decrease in overall averagepresentation for certain leased vehicles in the thirdfirst quarter and nine months of 2018 as compared to the third quarter and nine months of 2017 was due to a reduction in non-lease units in our maintenance management programs which drive a lower revenue per unit when compared to lease units under these programs.2019 versus 2018.

Footnotes to the Results of Operations and Selected Operating Data by Segment Tables

(a)Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss) is calculated as income (loss) before income taxes plus non-cash acquisition accounting charges, debt-related charges relating to the amortization and write-off of debt financing costs and debt discounts and premiums, goodwill, intangible and tangible asset impairments and write downs, information technology and finance transformation costs, net income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interests, and certain other miscellaneous or non-recurring items. Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss) is important because it allows management to assess operational performance of our business, exclusive of the items mentioned above. It also allows management to assess the performance of the entire business on the same basis as the segment measure of profitability. Management believes that it is important to investors for the same reasons it is important to management and because it allows them to assess our operational performance on the same basis that management uses internally. When evaluating our operating performance, investors should not consider Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss) in isolation of, or as a substitute for, measures of our financial performance, such as net income (loss) or income (loss) before income taxes. The contribution of our reportable segments to Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss) and reconciliation to the most comparable consolidated U.S. GAAP measure are presented below:


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)


Hertz
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(In millions)2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018
Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss):          
U.S. Rental Car$222
 $158
 $200
 $5
$25
 $(48)
International Rental Car133
 147
 201
 200
(18) (6)
All Other Operations22
 20
 68
 59
25
 22
Total reportable segments377
 325
 469
 264
32
 (32)
Corporate(1)
(135) (136) (420) (367)(141) (142)
Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss)242
 189
 49
 (103)(109) (174)
Adjustments:          
Acquisition accounting(2)
(15) (15) (46) (47)(14) (15)
Debt-related charges(3)
(11) (12) (36) (33)(14) (16)
Loss on extinguishment of debt(4)

 
 (22) (8)
Restructuring and restructuring related charges(5)
(12) (2) (26) (14)
Impairment charges and asset write-downs(6)

 
 
 (116)
Information technology and finance transformation costs(7)
(24) (15) (75) (55)
Other(8)
3
 (1) 24
 (17)
Restructuring and restructuring related charges(4)
(7) (4)
Information technology and finance transformation costs(5)
(23) (23)
Other(6)
20
 2
Income (loss) before income taxes$183
 $144
 $(132) $(393)$(147) $(230)

Hertz Global
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(In millions)2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018
Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss):          
U.S. Rental Car$222
 $158
 $200
 $5
$25
 $(48)
International Rental Car133
 147
 201
 200
(18) (6)
All Other Operations22
 20
 68
 59
25
 22
Total reportable segments377
 325
 469
 264
32
 (32)
Corporate(1)
(137) (137) (425) (371)(143) (143)
Adjusted Pre-tax Income (Loss)240
 188
 44
 (107)(111) (175)
Adjustments:          
Acquisition accounting(2)
(15) (15) (46) (47)(14) (15)
Debt-related charges(3)
(11) (12) (36) (33)(14) (16)
Loss on extinguishment of debt(4)

 
 (22) (8)
Restructuring and restructuring related charges(5)
(12) (2) (26) (14)
Impairment charges and asset write-downs(6)

 
 
 (116)
Information technology and finance transformation costs(7)
(24) (15) (75) (55)
Other(8)
3
 (1) 24
 (17)
Restructuring and restructuring related charges(4)
(7) (4)
Information technology and finance transformation costs(5)
(23) (23)
Other(6)
20
 2
Income (loss) before income taxes$181
 $143
 $(137) $(397)$(149) $(231)

(1)Represents general corporate expenses, non-vehicle interest expense, as well as other business activities.
(2)Represents incremental expense associated with amortization of other intangible assets and depreciation of property and equipment relating to acquisition accounting.
(3)Primarily representsRepresents debt-related charges relating to the amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discounts and premiums.
(4)In 2018, primarily represents $20 million of early redemption premium and write-off of deferred financing costs associated with the full redemption of the 4.375% European Vehicle Senior Notes due January 2019 in April 2018. In 2017, represents $6 million of early redemption premium and write-off of deferred financing costs associated with the redemption of certain notes and a $2 million write-off of deferred financing costs associated with the termination of commitments under the Senior RCF incurred during the second quarter.

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ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

(5)Represents charges incurred under restructuring actions as defined in U.S. GAAP, excluding impairments and asset write-downs, which are shown separately in the table.write-downs. Also includes restructuring related charges such as incremental costs incurred directly supporting business transformation initiatives. Such costs include transition costs incurred in connection with business process outsourcing arrangements and incremental costs incurred to facilitate business process re-engineering initiatives that involve significant organization redesign and extensive operational process changes. AlsoIn 2018, also includes consulting costs, legal fees, the loss contingency, which totals $13.6 million for the nine months of 2018, and other expenses related to the previously disclosed accounting review and investigation.
(6)In 2017, represents a second quarter $86 million impairment of the Dollar Thrifty tradename and a first quarter impairment of $30 million related to an equity method investment.
(7)(5)Represents costs associated with our information technology and finance transformation programs, both of which are multi-year initiatives to upgrade and modernize our systems and processes.
(8)(6)Represents miscellaneous or non-recurring items. In 2018,items, and includes net lossamounts attributable to noncontrolling interests, a $4interests. In 2019, also includes an $11 million and $21 million pre-tax gain on marketable securities, during the third quarter and nine months, respectively, and a $6an $8 million legal settlement received in the second quarter related to an oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010. In 2017, includes net expenses of $13 million resulting from hurricanes, partially offset by a $6 million pre-tax gain on the sale of our Brazil Operations in the third quarter. Also, includes second quarter charges of $6 million for labor-related matters and $5 million relating to PLPD as a result of a terrorist event.non-vehicle capital assets.


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

(b)Transaction Days represent the total number of 24-hour periods, with any partial period counted as one Transaction Day, that vehicles were on rent (the period between when a rental contract is opened and closed) in a given period. Thus, it is possible for a vehicle to attain more than one Transaction Day in a 24-hour period. 

(c)Average Vehicles are determined using a simple average of the number of vehicles at the beginning and end of a given period. Among other things, Average Vehicles is used to calculate our Vehicle Utilization which represents the portion of our vehicles that are being utilized to generate revenue. Vehicle Utilization is calculated by dividing total Transaction Days by Available Car Days. The calculation of Vehicle Utilization is shown in the table below.below:
U.S. Rental Car International Rental CarU.S. Rental Car International Rental Car
Three Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended March 31,
2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018 2019 2018
Transaction Days (in thousands)39,478
 36,879
 15,876
 15,947
35,582
 34,203
 10,127
 9,974
Average Vehicles (in whole units)527,900
 495,000
 214,900
 212,600
Average Vehicles501,767
 478,600
 152,747
 148,700
Number of days in period92
 92
 92
 92
90
 90
 90
 90
Available Car Days (in thousands)48,567
 45,540
 19,771
 19,559
45,159
 43,074
 13,747
 13,383
Vehicle Utilization81% 81% 80% 82%79% 79% 74% 75%
 U.S. Rental Car International Rental Car
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Transaction Days (in thousands)112,427
 105,424
 39,075
 39,366
Average Vehicles (in whole units)509,800
 489,300
 183,600
 183,100
Number of days in period273
 273
 273
 273
Available Car Days (in thousands)139,175
 133,579
 50,123
 49,986
Vehicle Utilization81% 79% 78% 79%


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ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

(d)Total RPD is calculated as total revenue less ancillary retail vehicle sales revenue, with all periods adjusted to eliminate the effect of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates ("Total Rental Revenue"), divided by the total number of Transaction Days. Our management believes eliminating the effect of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates is useful in analyzing underlying trends. The calculation of Total RPD is shown below:
U.S. Rental Car International Rental CarU.S. Rental Car International Rental Car
Three Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in millions, except as noted)2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018 2019 2018
Revenues$1,852
 $1,685
 $732
 $728
$1,520
 $1,426
 $433
 $468
Ancillary retail vehicle sales revenue(27) (24) 
 
(29) (26) 
 
Foreign currency adjustment(1)

 
 20
 6

 
 (2) (35)
Total Rental Revenue$1,825
 $1,661
 $752
 $734
$1,491
 $1,400
 $431
 $433
Transaction Days (in thousands)39,478
 36,879
 15,876
 15,947
35,582
 34,203
 10,127
 9,974
Total RPD (in whole dollars)$46.23
 $45.04
 $47.37
 $46.03
$41.90
 $40.93
 $42.56
 $43.41
 U.S. Rental Car International Rental Car
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions, except as noted)2018 2017 2018 2017
Revenues$4,905
 $4,557
 $1,789
 $1,683
Ancillary retail vehicle sales revenue(78) (70) 
 
Foreign currency adjustment(1)

 
 9
 71
Total Rental Revenue$4,827
 $4,487
 $1,798
 $1,754
Transaction Days (in thousands)112,427
 105,424
 39,075
 39,366
Total RPD (in whole dollars)$42.93
 $42.56
 $46.01
 $44.56
(1)Based on December 31, 20172018 foreign currency exchange rates for theall periods presented.

(e)Total RPU is calculated as Total Rental Revenue divided by the Average Vehicles in each period and then divided by the number of months in the period reported. The calculation of Total RPU is shown below:
U.S. Rental Car International Rental CarU.S. Rental Car International Rental Car
Three Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in millions, except as noted)2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018 2019 2018
Total Rental Revenue$1,825
 $1,661
 $752
 $734
$1,491
 $1,400
 $431
 $433
Average Vehicles (in whole units)527,900
 495,000
 214,900
 212,600
Average Vehicles501,767
 478,600
 152,747
 148,700
Total revenue per unit (in whole dollars)$3,457
 $3,356
 $3,499
 $3,452
$2,971
 $2,925
 $2,822
 $2,912
Number of months in period3
 3
 3
 3
3
 3
 3
 3
Total RPU Per Month (in whole dollars)$1,152
 $1,119
 $1,166
 $1,151
$990
 $975
 $941
 $971
 U.S. Rental Car International Rental Car
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions, except as noted)2018 2017 2018 2017
Total Rental Revenue$4,827
 $4,487
 $1,798
 $1,754
Average Vehicles (in whole units)509,800
 489,300
 183,600
 183,100
Total revenue per unit (in whole dollars)$9,468
 $9,170
 $9,793
 $9,579
Number of months in period9
 9
 9
 9
Total RPU Per Month (in whole dollars)$1,052
 $1,019
 $1,088
 $1,064


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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

(f)Net Depreciation Per Unit Per Month represents the amount of average depreciation expense and lease charges net per vehicle per month and is calculated as depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net, with all periods adjusted to eliminate the effect of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, divided by the Average Vehicles in each period and then dividing by the number of months in the period reported. Our management believes eliminating the effect of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates is useful in analyzing underlying trends. The calculation of Net Depreciation Per Unit Per Month is shown below:
 U.S. Rental Car International Rental Car
 Three Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions, except as noted)2018 2017 2018 2017
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net$414
 $455
 $128
 $126
Foreign currency adjustment(1)

 
 4
 1
Adjusted depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net$414
 $455
 $132
 $127
Average Vehicles (in whole units)527,900
 495,000
 214,900
 212,600
Adjusted depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net divided by Average Vehicles (in whole dollars)$784
 $919
 $614
 $597
Number of months in period3
 3
 3
 3
Net Depreciation Per Unit Per Month (in whole dollars)$261
 $306
 $205
 $199
 U.S. Rental Car International Rental Car
 Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in millions, except as noted)2019 2018 2019 2018
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges$386
 $434
 $97
 $102
Foreign currency adjustment(1)

 
 
 (8)
Adjusted depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges$386
 $434
 $97
 $94
Average Vehicles501,767
 478,600
 152,747
 148,700
Adjusted depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges divided by Average Vehicles (in whole dollars)$769
 $907
 $635
 $632
Number of months in period3
 3
 3
 3
Depreciation Per Unit Per Month (in whole dollars)$256
 $302
 $212
 $211
 U.S. Rental Car International Rental Car
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions, except as noted)2018 2017 2018 2017
Depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net$1,295
 $1,478
 $342
 $311
Foreign currency adjustment(1)

 
 1
 14
Adjusted depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net$1,295
 $1,478
 $343
 $325
Average Vehicles (in whole units)509,800
 489,300
 183,600
 183,100
Adjusted depreciation of revenue earning vehicles and lease charges, net divided by Average Vehicles (in whole dollars)$2,540
 $3,021
 $1,868
 $1,775
Number of months in period9
 9
 9
 9
Net Depreciation Per Unit Per Month (in whole dollars)$282
 $336
 $208
 $197
(1)Based on December 31, 20172018 foreign currency exchange rates for theall periods presented.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Our U.S. and international operations are funded by cash provided by operating activities and by extensive financing arrangements maintained by us in the U.S. and internationally.

As of September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, we had $761$554 million of cash and cash equivalents and $265$452 million of restricted cash. Of these amounts $372as of March 31, 2019, $261 million of cash and cash equivalents and $47$163 million of restricted cash was held by our subsidiaries outside of the U.S. If not in the form of loan repayments, repatriation of some of these funds under current regulatory and tax law for use in domestic operations wouldcould expose us to additional taxes.

We believe that cash and cash equivalents generated by our operations and cash received on the disposal of vehicles, together with amounts available under various liquidity facilities and refinancing options available to us in the capital markets, will be sufficient to fund operating requirements for the next twelve months.

Cash Flows - Hertz
66
As of March 31, 2019, Hertz had cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents of $1.0 billion as compared to $1.4 billion as of December 31, 2018. The following table summarizes the net change in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents for the periods shown:
 Three Months Ended
March 31,
  
(In millions)2019 2018 $ Change
Cash provided by (used in):     
Operating activities$516
 $402
 $114
Investing activities(1,855) (1,850) (5)
Financing activities937
 1,876
 (939)
Effect of exchange rate changes(2) 8
 (10)
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents$(404) $436
 $(840)


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ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

Cash Flows - Hertz

As of September 30, 2018, Hertz had cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents of $1.0 billion as compared to $1.5 billion as of December 31, 2017. The following table summarizes the net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash for the periods shown:
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  
(In millions)2018 2017 $ Change
Cash provided by (used in):     
Operating activities$2,021
 $1,981
 $40
Investing activities(4,799) (3,405) (1,394)
Financing activities2,304
 2,081
 223
Effect of exchange rate changes(4) 26
 (30)
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents$(478) $683
 $(1,161)

During the nine monthsfirst quarter of 2018,2019, there was a $33$60 million decreaseincrease in cash outflowsflows from working capitalcertain asset and liability accounts period over period and an increase in cash flows of cash inflows of $7$54 million from net income (loss), excluding non-cash and non-operating items. TheExcluding the net cash flow impact from operating leases, the change from working capitalcertain asset and liability accounts was due to a $123$115 million increase in cash primarily driven by additional accruals for operational expenses,due in part to value-added tax receivables in our International RAC segment, partially offset by a $90$51 million decrease in cash primarily from additional customer receivables and prepaid expense items, all of which weredue in part to the result of increased rental volume during the period.previously disclosed SEC investigation payment.

Our primary investing activities relate to the acquisition and disposal of revenue earning vehicles. We expended an additional $1.4 billion on revenue earning vehicles in 2018, primarily in the U.S. RAC operations, to increase the averageNet fleet size and enrich the fleet mix.acquisitions were comparable year over year.

Net financing cash inflows were $2.3 billion for$937 million in the nine monthsfirst quarter of 20182019 compared to $2.1$1.9 billion forin the nine monthsfirst quarter of 2017.2018. The variance was primarily driven by an increasethe issuance of $1.3$1.0 billion in net cash inflows in 2018 for vehicle debt related to our richer fleet mixHVF II Series 2018-1 Notes and larger fleet size. Comparatively, in June 2017, we issued non-vehicle debt of $1.25 billion and repaid $250€500 million of 4.25%HHN BV 5.50% Senior Notes within the remaining proceeds being includedfirst quarter of 2018, partially offset by the issuance of $700 million HVF II Series 2019-1 Notes in restricted cash. Additionally, we had $120 million outstanding on the Senior RCF at September 30, 2017.first quarter of 2019.

Cash Flows - Hertz Global

As of September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, Hertz Global had cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents of $1.0 billion as compared to $1.5$1.4 billion as of December 31, 2017.2018. The following table summarizes the net change in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents for the periods shown:
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  Three Months Ended
March 31,
  
(In millions)2018 2017 $ Change2019 2018 $ Change
Cash provided by (used in):          
Operating activities$2,017
 $1,977
 $40
$514
 $401
 $113
Investing activities(4,799) (3,405) (1,394)(1,855) (1,850) (5)
Financing activities2,308
 2,085
 223
939
 1,877
 (938)
Effect of exchange rate changes(4) 26
 (30)(2) 8
 (10)
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents$(478) $683
 $(1,161)$(404) $436
 $(840)

Fluctuations in operating, investing and financing cash flows from period to period are due to the same factors as those disclosed for Hertz above, with the exception of any cash inflows or outflows related to the master loan agreement

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ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

between Hertz and Hertz Global and cash outflows by Hertz Global for the purchase of treasury shares. There were no purchases of treasury shares by Hertz Global during the nine months of 2018 or 2017.Global.

Financing

Our primary liquidity needs include servicing of vehicle and non-vehicle debt, the payment of operating expenses and capital projects and purchases of revenue earning vehicles to be used in our operations. Our primary sources of funding are operating cash flows, cash received on the disposal of revenue earning vehicles, borrowings under our revolving credit facilities and access to the credit markets. Substantially all of our revenue earning vehicles and certain related assets are owned by special purpose entities, or are encumbered in favor of our lenders under our various credit facilities, other secured financings and asset-backed securities programs. None of such assets are available to satisfy the claims of our general creditors.

We are highly leveraged, and a substantial portion of our liquidity needsrequirements arise from debt service onservicing our indebtedness, funding our operations, including purchases of revenue earning vehicles, and from the funding of our costs of operations andnon-vehicle capital expenditures. Our practice is to maintain sufficient total liquidity through cash from operations, credit facilities and other financing arrangements, to mitigate any adverse effect on our operations resulting from adverse financial market conditions.

Refer to Part I, Item 1, Note 6,3, "Debt," to the Notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for information on our outstanding debt obligations and our borrowing capacity and availability under our revolving credit facilities as of September 30, 2018.March 31, 2019. Cash paid for interest during the nine monthsfirst quarter of 20182019 was $268$29 million for interest on vehiclenon-vehicle debt and $171$87 million for interest on non-vehiclevehicle debt. Cash paid for interest during the nine monthsfirst quarter of 20172018 was $212$28 million for interest on non-vehicle debt and $82 million for interest on vehicle debt and $164 million for interest on non-vehicle debt.

Details
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ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

Our corporate liquidity, werewhich excludes unused commitments under our vehicle debt, was as follows:
(In millions)September 30, 2018 December 31, 2017March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents$761
 $1,072
$554
 $1,127
Availability under the Senior RCF505
 552
459
 496
Corporate liquidity$1,266
 $1,624
$1,013
 $1,623

Approximately $1.8$19 million of non-vehicle debt and $2.6 billion of vehicle debt and $16 million of non-vehicle debt will mature during the twelve months following the issuance of this Report (the "next("the next twelve months") and we will need to refinance a portion of the debt.these obligations. We have reviewed the maturing debt obligations and determined that it is probable that we will be able, and have the intent, to repay or refinance these facilities at such times as we deem appropriate prior to their maturities. We believe that cash generated from operations, cash received on the disposal of vehicles, together with amounts available under various liquidity facilities and refinancing options available to us, will be adequate to permit us to meet our debt maturities over the next twelve months.

Covenants

The indentures for the Senior Notes and the Senior Second Priority Secured Notes contain covenants that, among other things, limit or restrict the ability of the Hertz credit group to incur additional indebtedness, incur guarantee obligations, prepay certain indebtedness, make certain restricted payments (including paying dividends, redeeming stock or making other distributions to parent entities of Hertz and other persons outside of the Hertz credit group), make investments, create liens, transfer or sell assets, merge or consolidate, and enter into certain transactions with Hertz's affiliates that are not members of the Hertz credit group.

Certain of our other debt instruments and credit facilities (including the Senior Facilities and the Letter of Credit Facility) contain a number of covenants that, among other things, limit or restrict the ability of the borrowers and the guarantors to dispose of assets, incur additional indebtedness, incur guarantee obligations, prepay certain indebtedness, make certain restricted payments (including paying dividends, share repurchases or making other distributions), create liens,

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make investments, make acquisitions, engage in mergers, fundamentally change the nature of their business, make capital expenditures, or engage in certain transactions with certain affiliates.

The Senior RCF and the Letter of Credit Facility contain a financial maintenance covenant applicable to such facilities. Such covenant provides that Hertz’s consolidated first lien net leverage ratio, as defined in the credit agreements governing such facilities (together, the "Senior Credit Agreement"), as of the last day of any fiscal quarter, (the "Covenant Leverage Ratio"), may not exceed a ratio of 3.00 to 1.00.1.00 (the "Covenant Leverage Ratio").

As of September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, Hertz was in compliance with the Covenant Leverage Ratio with a ratio of 1.501.21 to 1.00, as calculated in accordance with the Senior Credit Agreement. Consolidated EBITDA, as defined in the Senior Credit Agreement, is a component of the calculation of the Covenant Leverage Ratio and is a non-GAAP financial measure that is not a measure of operating results, but instead is a measure used to determine compliance with the Covenant Leverage Ratio under the Senior Credit Agreement. Consolidated EBITDA is generally defined in the Senior Credit Agreement as consolidated net income plus the sum of income taxes, non-vehicle interest expense, non-vehicle depreciation and amortization expense, and non-cash charges or losses, as further adjusted for certain other items permitted in calculating covenant compliance under the Senior RCF and the Letter of Credit Facility, including add-backs for non-recurring, unusual or extraordinary charges, business optimization expenses or other restructuring charges or reserves.

Based on available liquidity from our expected operating results, the Senior RCF and other financing arrangements, Hertz expects to continue to be in compliance with the Covenant Leverage Ratio for at least the next twelve months.

Capital Expenditures

Revenue Earning Vehicles Expenditures

The table below sets forth our revenue earning vehicles expenditures and related disposal proceeds for the periods shown:
Cash inflow (cash outflow)Revenue Earning Vehicles
(In millions)
Capital
Expenditures
 
Disposal
Proceeds
 
Net Capital
Expenditures
2018     
First Quarter$(3,565) $1,782
 $(1,783)
Second Quarter(4,045) 1,872
 (2,173)
Third Quarter(2,466) 1,724
 (742)
Total$(10,076) $5,378
 $(4,698)
2017     
First Quarter$(2,837) $1,935
 $(902)
Second Quarter(3,872) 1,900
 (1,972)
Third Quarter(1,974) 1,450
 (524)
Total$(8,683) $5,285
 $(3,398)

As previously disclosed, we identified a classification error in our first quarter 2017 statement of cash flows that we corrected in the second quarter of 2017 related to our former operations in Brazil. Correction of the error resulted in a $25 million decrease to revenue earning vehicles expenditures and proceeds from disposal of revenue earning vehicles for the first quarter of 2017 and a $25 million increase of revenue earning vehicles expenditures and proceeds from disposal of revenue earning vehicles for the second quarter of 2017 in the table above. These revisions had no impact on the third quarter of 2017. Additionally, there was no impact on 2017 net capital expenditures for revenue earning vehicles and no impact on the 2017 totals.


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ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

Capital Expenditures

Revenue Earning Vehicles Expenditures

The table below sets forth net capital expenditures forour revenue earning vehicles by segmentexpenditures and related disposal proceeds for the periods shown:
Cash inflow (cash outflow)Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    
($ in millions)2018 2017 $ Change % Change
U.S. Rental Car$(3,076) $(1,748) $(1,328) 76 %
International Rental Car(1,201) (1,294) 93
 (7)
All Other Operations(421) (356) (65) 18
Total$(4,698) $(3,398) $(1,300) 38
Cash inflow (cash outflow)Revenue Earning Vehicles
(In millions)
Capital
Expenditures
 
Disposal
Proceeds
 
Net Capital
Expenditures
2019     
First Quarter$(3,973) $2,153
 $(1,820)
2018     
First Quarter$(3,565) $1,782
 $(1,783)

The table below sets forth expenditures for revenue earning vehicles, net of proceeds from disposal, by segment:
Cash inflow (cash outflow)Three Months Ended
March 31,
    
($ in millions)2019 2018 $ Change % Change
U.S. Rental Car$(1,696) $(1,790) $94
 (5)%
International Rental Car58
 149
 (91) (61)
All Other Operations(182) (142) (40) 28
Total$(1,820) $(1,783) $(37) 2

Capital Assets, Non-Vehicle

The table below sets forth our capital asset expenditures, non-vehicle, and related disposal proceeds from property and other equipment disposed of or to be disposed of for the periods shown:
Cash inflow (cash outflow)Capital Assets, Non-Vehicle
(In millions)
Capital
Expenditures
 
Disposal
Proceeds
 
Net Capital
Expenditures
2018     
First Quarter$(44) $4
 $(40)
Second Quarter(36) 4
 (32)
Third Quarter(39) 39
 
Total$(119) $47
 $(72)
2017     
First Quarter$(41) $7
 $(34)
Second Quarter(43) 4
 (39)
Third Quarter(40) 7
 (33)
Total$(124) $18
 $(106)
Cash inflow (cash outflow)Capital Assets, Non-Vehicle
(In millions)
Capital
Expenditures
 
Disposal
Proceeds
 
Net Capital
Expenditures
2019     
First Quarter$(54) $19
 $(35)
2018     
First Quarter$(44) $4
 $(40)

The table below sets forth capital asset expenditures, non-vehicle, net of disposal proceeds, by segment for the periods shown:segment:
Cash inflow (cash outflow)Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    
($ in millions)2018 2017 $ Change % Change
U.S. Rental Car$(14) $(56) $42
 (75)%
International Rental Car(11) (15) 4
 (27)
All Other Operations(3) (4) 1
 (25)
Corporate(44) (31) (13) 42
Total$(72) $(106) $34
 (32)

As previously disclosed, we revised our capital asset expenditures, non-vehicle for a correction of error related to intangible software assets for which no payment was made as of June 30, 2017. The correction resulted in a decrease in capital asset expenditures, non-vehicle of $13 million and $6 million for the first and second quarter of 2017, respectively. The cumulative error of $25 million was corrected in the third quarter of 2017. Accordingly, we revised our capital asset expenditures, non-vehicle for the third quarter of 2017 by a decrease of $19 million in the table above. These revisions had no impact on the 2017 totals.
Cash inflow (cash outflow)Three Months Ended
March 31,
    
($ in millions)2019 2018 $ Change % Change
U.S. Rental Car$(9) $(24) $15
 (63)%
International Rental Car(4) (4) 
 
All Other Operations(1) (1) 
 
Corporate(21) (11) (10) 91
Total$(35) $(40) $5
 (13)


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ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

As of September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, there have been no material changes outside of the ordinary course of business to our known contractual obligations as set forth in the table included in Part II, Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" included in our 20172018 Form 10‑K. Changes to our aggregate indebtedness, including related interest and terms for new issuances, are described in Part I, Item 1, Note 6,3, "Debt," to the Notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Report.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET COMMITMENTS AND ARRANGEMENTS

Indemnification Obligations

There have been no significant changes to our indemnification obligations as compared to those disclosed in Note 16, "Contingencies and Off-Balance Sheet Commitments" of the Notes to our consolidated financial statements included in our 20172018 Form 10‑K under the caption Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data."

We regularly evaluate the probability of having to incur costs associated with indemnification obligations and will accrue for expected losses when they are probable and estimable.

RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

For a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements, see Note 2, "Basis of Presentation and Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements," to the Notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Report ("Note 2").

As disclosed in Note 2, we adopted Topic 606 in accordance with the effective date on January 1, 2018. The Revenue from Contracts with Customers section of Note 2 includes disclosures regarding our method of adoption and the impact on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows. See Note 7, "Revenue," for information regarding our accounting policies for revenue recognition, including the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers, as well as other required disclosures under Topic 606.Report.

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements contained or incorporated by reference in this Report on Form 10-Q10‑Q and in reports we subsequently file with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC")SEC on Forms 10‑K and 10‑Q and file or furnish on Form 8‑K, and in related comments by our management, include "forward-looking statements." Forward-looking statements include information concerning our liquidity and our possible or assumed future results of operations, including descriptions of our business strategies. These statements often include words such as "believe," "expect," "project," "potential," "anticipate," "intend," "plan," "estimate," "seek," "will," "may," "would," "should," "could," "forecasts" or similar expressions. These statements are based on certain assumptions that we have made in light of our experience in the industry as well as our perceptions of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments and other factors we believe are appropriate in these circumstances. We believe these judgments are reasonable, but you should understand that these statements are not guarantees of performance or results, and our actual results could differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements due to a variety of important factors, both positive and negative, that may be revised or supplemented in subsequent reports on Forms 10‑K, 10‑Q and 8‑K.

Important factors that could affect our actual results and cause them to differ materially from those expressed in forward-looking statements include, among others, those that may be disclosed from time to time in subsequent reports filed with the SEC, those described under "Item 1A—Risk Factors" included in our 20172018 Form 10‑K and the following, which were derived in part from the risks set forth in "Item 1A—Risk Factors" of our 20172018 Form 10‑K:

any claims, investigations or proceedings arising as a result of the restatement in 2015 of our previously issued financial results;
our ability to remediate the material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting;

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levels of travel demand, particularly with respect to airline passenger traffic in the United States and in global markets;
the effect of our separation of our vehicle and equipment rental businesses, any failure by Herc Holdings Inc. to comply with the agreements entered into in connection with the separation and our ability to obtain the expected benefits of the separation;
significant changes in the competitive environment and the effect of competition in our markets on rental volume and pricing, including on our pricing policies or use of incentives;
occurrences that disrupt rental activity during our peak periods;
increased vehicle costs due to declines in the value
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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

our ability to accurately estimate future levels of rental activity and adjust the number and mix of vehicles used in our rental operations accordingly;
increased vehicle costs due to declines in the value of our non-program vehicles;
our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity and the availability to us of additional or continued sources of financing for our revenue earning vehicles and to refinance our existing indebtedness;
our ability to purchase adequate supplies of competitively priced vehicles and risks relating to increases in the cost of the vehicles we purchase;
our ability to adequately respond to changes in technology and customer demands;
our accessability to third-party distribution channelsretain customer loyalty and related prices, commission structures and transaction volumes;market share;
our recognition of previously deferred tax gains on the disposition of revenue earning vehicles;
an increase in our vehicle costs or disruption to our rental activity, particularly during our peak periods, due to safety recalls by the manufacturers of our vehicles;
our access to third-party distribution channels and related prices, commission structures and transaction volumes;
our ability to execute a business continuity plan;
a major disruption in our communication or centralized information networks;
a failure to maintain, upgrade and consolidate our information technology networks;
financial instability of the manufacturers of our vehicles;
any impact on us from the actions of our franchisees, dealers and independent contractors;
our ability to sustain operations during adverse economic cycles and unfavorable external events (including war, terrorist acts, natural disasters and epidemic disease);
shortages of fuel and increases or volatility in fuel costs;
our ability to successfully integrate acquisitions and complete dispositions;
our ability to maintain favorable brand recognition and a coordinated and comprehensive branding and portfolio strategy;
our ability to maintain an effective employee retention and talent management strategy and resulting changes in personnel and employee relations;
costs and risks associated with litigation and investigations;
risks related to our indebtedness, including our substantial amount of debt, our ability to incur substantially more debt, the fact that substantially all of our consolidated assets secure certain of our outstanding indebtedness and increases in interest rates or in our borrowing margins;
our ability to meet the financial and other covenants contained in our Senior Facilitiessenior credit facilities and the Letterletter of Credit Facility,credit facility, our outstanding unsecured Senior Notes,senior notes, our outstanding Senior Second Priority Secured Notessenior second priority secured notes and certain asset-backed and asset-based arrangements;
changes in accounting principles, or their application or interpretation, and our ability to make accurate estimates and the assumptions underlying the estimates, which could have an effect on operating results;
risks associated with operating in many different countries, including the risk of a violation or alleged violation of applicable anticorruption or antibribery laws and our ability to repatriate cash from non-U.S. affiliates without adverse tax consequences;
our ability to prevent the misuse or theft of information we possess, including as a result of cyber security breaches and other security threats;

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our ability to prevent the misuse or theft of information we possess, including as a result of cyber security breaches and other security threats;
our ability to successfully implement our information technology and finance transformation programs;
changes in the existing, or the adoption of new laws, regulations, policies or other activities of governments, agencies and similar organizations, such as the adoption of new regulations under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, where such actions may affect our operations, the cost thereof or applicable tax rates;
changesrisks relating to our senior management team anddeferred tax assets, including the dependencerisk of our business operations on our senior management team;
an "ownership change" under the effectInternal Revenue Code of tangible and intangible asset impairment charges;1986, as amended;
our exposure to uninsured claims in excess of historical levels;
fluctuations in interest rates and commodity prices;
our exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; and
other risks and uncertainties described from time to time in periodic and current reports that we file with the SEC.
You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the foregoing cautionary statements. All such statements speak only as of the date made, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.


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ITEM 3.     QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK


We are exposed to a variety of market risks, including the effects of changes in interest rates (including credit spreads), foreign currency exchange rates and fluctuations in fuel prices. We manage our exposure to these market risks through our regular operating and financing activities and, when deemed appropriate, through the use of derivative financial instruments. Derivative financial instruments are viewed as risk management tools and have not been used for speculative or trading purposes. In addition, derivative financial instruments are entered into with a diversified group of major financial institutions in order to manage our exposure to counterparty nonperformance on such instruments.

There have been no material changes to the information reported under Part II, Item 7A, "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk," included in our 20172018 Form 10‑10K.

ITEM 4.     CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

HERTZ GLOBAL

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our senior management has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined under Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that as of September 30, 2018, due to the identification of material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, as further described in Item 9A of our 2017 Form 10-K,March 31, 2019, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.effective.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

During the three months ended September 30, 2018, weMarch 31, 2019, management implemented control activities related to the adoption and ongoing accounting for Topic 842 at the appropriate level to address the risks of material misstatement, which constituted a material change in a component of our internal control over financial reporting.

There have taken, and continue to take, the actions described below to remediatebeen no other changes in our existing material weaknesses whichinternal controls that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’sour internal controlcontrols over financial reporting.

Income Taxes

To address the material weakness associated with controls over the analysis and assessment of income tax effects related to non-recurring transactions, the provision for income taxes and state deferred tax asset valuation allowances,reporting during the three months ended September 30, 2018 management implemented quarterly control activities and enhanced and designed specific year-end control activities to assess the accounting for significant complex transactions and other tax related judgments.

To remediate our existing material weaknesses, we require additional time to complete the implementation of our remediation plans and demonstrate the effectiveness of our remediation efforts. The material weaknesses cannot be considered remediated until the applicable remedial controls operate for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively.March 31, 2019.

HERTZ

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our senior management has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined under Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that as of September30, 2018, due to the identification of material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, as further described in Item 9A of our 2017 Form 10-K,March 31, 2019, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the

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ITEM 4.   CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES (CONTINUED)

time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.effective.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

During the three months ended September 30, 2018, weMarch 31, 2019, management implemented control activities related to the adoption and ongoing accounting for Topic 842 at the appropriate level to address the risks of material misstatement, which constituted a material change in a component of our internal control over financial reporting.

There have taken, and continue to take, the actions described below to remediatebeen no other changes in our existing material weaknesses whichinternal controls that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’sour internal controlcontrols over financial reporting.

Income Taxes

To address the material weakness associated with controls over the analysis and assessment of income tax effects related to non-recurring transactions, the provision for income taxes and state deferred tax asset valuation allowances,reporting during the three months ended September 30, 2018 management implemented quarterly control activities and enhanced and designed specific year-end control activities to assess the accounting for significant complex transactions and other tax related judgments.March 31, 2019.

Our remediation efforts were ongoing during the three months ended September 30, 2018. To remediate our existing material weaknesses, we require additional time to complete the implementation of our remediation plans and demonstrate the effectiveness of our remediation efforts. The material weaknesses cannot be considered remediated until the applicable remedial controls operate for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively.


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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

For a description of certain pending legal proceedings see Part I, Item 1, Note 11,8, "Contingencies and Off-Balance Sheet Commitments," to the Notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Report.

ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS

There are no material amendments or additions to the information reported under Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” contained in our 20172018 Form 10-K.10‑K.

ITEM 2.    UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 3.    DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4.   MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5.    OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 6.   EXHIBITS

(a)Exhibits:
The attached list of exhibits in the "Exhibit Index" immediately following the signature page to this Report on is filed as part of this Form 10-Q10‑Q and is incorporated herein by reference in response to this item.

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THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrants have duly caused this report to be signed on itstheir behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Date:November 8, 2018May 7, 2019
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC.
THE HERTZ CORPORATION
(Registrants)
  By:/s/ JAMERE JACKSON
   
Jamere Jackson
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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Table of Contents
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
Number
 Description
4.17.110.1Hertz Holdings
Hertz
10.2Hertz Europe Limited, Credit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank, certain committed note purchasers, conduit investors and funding agents named therein, and BNP Paribas Trust Corporation UK Limited.Holdings Hertz
10.3Hertz Holdings Hertz
4.17.210.4Hertz Holdings
Hertz
10.5Hertz Holdings Hertz
4.17.310.6Hertz Holdings
Hertz
4.17.410.7Hertz Holdings
Hertz
4.17.5Hertz Holdings
Hertz
4.17.6Hertz Holdings
Hertz
4.17.7Hertz Holdings
Hertz
10.35
Hertz Holdings
Hertz
10.8Hertz Holdings Hertz
10.9Hertz Holdings Hertz

10.3610.10Hertz Holdings Hertz
10.11Hertz Holdings Hertz
10.12Hertz Holdings Hertz
31.1Hertz Holdings
31.2Hertz Holdings
31.3Hertz
31.4Hertz
32.1Hertz Holdings
32.2Hertz Holdings
32.3Hertz

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Table of Contents
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Exhibit
Number
Description
32.4Hertz
101.INS
Hertz Holdings
Hertz
XBRL Instance Document*
101.SCH
Hertz Holdings
Hertz
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document*
101.CALHertz Holdings
Hertz
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document*
101.DEF
Hertz Holdings
Hertz
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document*
101.LAB
Hertz Holdings
Hertz
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document*
101.PRE
Hertz Holdings
Hertz
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document*


*Furnished herewith
# Confidential treatment has been requested for certain portions
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Table of this Exhibit pursuant to Rule 24b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which portions have been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange CommissionContents

HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
THE HERTZ CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Note: Certain instruments with respect to various additional obligations, which could be considered as long-term debt, have not been filed as exhibits to this Report because the total amount of securities authorized under any such instrument does not exceed 10% of our total assets on a consolidated basis. We agree to furnish to the SEC upon request a copy of any such instrument defining the rights of the holders of such long-term debt.

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