UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
_____________________
FORM 10-Q
_____________________
(Mark one)
☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019March 29, 2020
OR
☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                     to                     .
Commission File Number 0-19528
QUALCOMM Incorporated
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
DelawareDelaware95-3685934
(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)
(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)
5775 Morehouse Dr.,San Diego,California92121-1714
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)
(858) 587-1121
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
 Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value QCOMNasdaq Stock Market
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer☒Accelerated filer☐Non-accelerated filer☐Smaller reporting company☐Emerging growth company☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes ☐ No ☒
The number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes ofregistrant’s common stock as of the close of business on July 29, 2019, was as follows:1,124,927,980 at April 27, 2020.
ClassNumber of Shares
Common Stock, $0.0001 per share par value1,215,657,726





QUALCOMM Incorporated
Form 10-Q
For the Quarter Ended June 30, 2019
March 29, 2020
Page
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
7
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
8
3020
6253
6253
6253
6253
6354
6354
6354
6354
6455
6657

2


PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
QUALCOMM Incorporated
QUALCOMM Incorporated
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In millions, except per share data)par value amounts)
(Unaudited)
March 29,
2020		September 29,
2019
ASSETS
Current assets:  
Cash and cash equivalents$8,403  $11,839  
Marketable securities1,543  421  
Accounts receivable, net3,081  2,471  
Inventories1,700  1,400  
Other current assets586  634  
Total current assets15,313  16,765  
Deferred tax assets1,249  1,196  
Property, plant and equipment, net3,358  3,081  
Goodwill6,294  6,282  
Other intangible assets, net1,889  2,172  
Other assets3,835  3,461  
Total assets$31,938  $32,957  
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:  
Trade accounts payable$2,061  $1,368  
Payroll and other benefits related liabilities699  1,048  
Unearned revenues529  565  
Short-term debt2,499  2,496  
Other current liabilities3,986  3,458  
Total current liabilities9,774  8,935  
Unearned revenues968  1,160  
Income taxes payable1,879  2,088  
Long-term debt13,449  13,437  
Other liabilities2,823  2,428  
Total liabilities28,893  28,048  
Commitments and contingencies (Note 5)
Stockholders’ equity:  
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 8 shares authorized; 0ne outstanding—  —  
Common stock and paid-in capital, $0.0001 par value; 6,000 shares authorized; 1,127 and 1,145 shares issued and outstanding, respectively—  343  
Retained earnings2,990  4,466  
Accumulated other comprehensive income55  100  
Total stockholders’ equity3,045  4,909  
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$31,938  $32,957  
See accompanying notes.
3
 June 30,
2019		 September 30,
2018
ASSETS
Current assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$13,923
 $11,777
Marketable securities435
 311
Accounts receivable, net2,390
 2,904
Inventories1,774
 1,693
Other current assets682
 699
Total current assets19,204
 17,384
Deferred tax assets1,172
 936
Property, plant and equipment, net3,037
 2,975
Goodwill6,308
 6,498
Other intangible assets, net2,350
 2,955
Other assets2,062
 1,970
Total assets$34,133
 $32,718
    
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:   
Trade accounts payable$1,587
 $1,825
Payroll and other benefits related liabilities1,014
 1,081
Unearned revenues527
 500
Short-term debt3,000
 1,005
Other current liabilities4,725
 6,978
Total current liabilities10,853
 11,389
Unearned revenues1,251
 1,620
Income taxes payable2,114

2,312
Long-term debt13,426
 15,365
Other liabilities1,026
 1,225
Total liabilities28,670
 31,911
    
Commitments and contingencies (Note 6)

 

    
Stockholders’ equity:   
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 8 shares authorized; none outstanding—
 —
Common stock and paid-in capital, $0.0001 par value; 6,000 shares authorized; 1,218 and 1,219 shares issued and outstanding, respectively581
 —
Retained earnings4,687
 542
Accumulated other comprehensive income195
 265
Total stockholders’ equity5,463
 807
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$34,133
 $32,718

QUALCOMM Incorporated
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In millions, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019
Revenues:  
Equipment and services$4,050  $3,753  $7,583  $7,506  
Licensing1,166  1,229  2,709  2,318  
Total revenues5,216  4,982  10,292  9,824  
Costs and expenses:  
Cost of revenues2,297  2,179  4,410  4,367  
Research and development1,468  1,308  2,873  2,577  
Selling, general and administrative483  573  1,011  1,100  
Other(23) (18) (23) 130  
Total costs and expenses4,225  4,042  8,271  8,174  
Operating income991  940  2,021  1,650  
Interest expense(146) (162) (294) (317) 
Investment and other (expense) income, net(247) 28  (182) 33  
Income before income taxes598  806  1,545  1,366  
Income tax (expense) benefit(130) (143) (152) 365  
Net income$468  $663  $1,393  $1,731  
Basic earnings per share$0.41  $0.55  $1.22  $1.43  
Diluted earnings per share$0.41  $0.55  $1.21  $1.42  
Shares used in per share calculations:  
Basic1,139  1,213  1,142  1,213  
Diluted1,151  1,217  1,155  1,220  
See accompanying notes.
4


QUALCOMM Incorporated
QUALCOMM Incorporated
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONSCOMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In millions, except per share data)millions)
(Unaudited)
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019
Net income$468  $663  $1,393  $1,731  
Other comprehensive loss, net of income taxes:
Foreign currency translation losses(44) (17) (13) (41) 
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities(5) (1) (5) (6) 
Net unrealized (losses) gains on derivative instruments(31) —  (28) 16  
Other (losses) gains(1) (8) 7  (8) 
Certain reclassifications included in net income(1) (3) (6) (2) 
Total other comprehensive loss(82) (29) (45) (41) 
Comprehensive income$386  $634  $1,348  $1,690  
See accompanying notes.
5
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018
Revenues:       
Equipment and services$3,531
 $4,110
 $11,037
 $12,750
Licensing6,104
 1,467
 8,422
 4,083
Total revenues9,635
 5,577
 19,459
 16,833
Costs and expenses:       
Cost of revenues2,114
 2,491
 6,481
 7,394
Research and development1,380
 1,416
 3,957
 4,237
Selling, general and administrative547
 655
 1,646
 2,297
Other277
 112
 408
 1,605
Total costs and expenses4,318
 4,674
 12,492
 15,533
Operating income5,317
 903
 6,967
 1,300
Interest expense(160) (212) (477) (561)
Investment and other income, net344
 243
 377
 454
Income before income taxes5,501
 934
 6,867
 1,193
Income tax (expense) benefit(3,352) 268
 (2,987) (5,644)
Net income (loss)$2,149
 $1,202
 $3,880
 $(4,451)
        
Basic earnings (loss) per share$1.77
 $0.81
 $3.20
 $(3.01)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share$1.75
 $0.81
 $3.17
 $(3.01)
Shares used in per share calculations:       
Basic1,217
 1,478
 1,214
 1,479
Diluted1,231
 1,487
 1,224
 1,479

QUALCOMM Incorporated
See accompanying notes.CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
Six Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019
Operating Activities:
Net income$1,393  $1,731  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:  
Depreciation and amortization expense691  698  
Income tax provision less than income tax payments(350) (958) 
Non-cash portion of share-based compensation expense603  452  
Net gains on marketable securities and other investments(49) (9) 
Indefinite and long-lived asset impairment charges—  203  
Impairment losses on other investments337  69  
Other items, net(75) (190) 
Changes in assets and liabilities:  
Accounts receivable, net(607) 200  
Inventories(297) (49) 
Other assets(71) 25  
Trade accounts payable755  (173) 
Payroll, benefits and other liabilities24  (727) 
Unearned revenues(153) (122) 
Net cash provided by operating activities2,201  1,150  
Investing Activities:  
Capital expenditures(641) (322) 
Purchases of debt and equity marketable securities(1,312) —  
Proceeds from sales and maturities of debt and equity marketable securities256  96  
Acquisitions and other investments, net of cash acquired(128) (118) 
Other items, net56  83  
Net cash used by investing activities(1,769) (261) 
Financing Activities:
Proceeds from short-term debt1,116  3,297  
Repayment of short-term debt(1,116) (3,303) 
Proceeds from issuance of common stock174  177  
Repurchases and retirements of common stock(2,340) (1,019) 
Dividends paid(1,415) (1,502) 
Payments of tax withholdings related to vesting of share-based awards(232) (143) 
Other items, net(55) (38) 
Net cash used by financing activities(3,868) (2,531) 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents—  —  
Net decrease in total cash and cash equivalents(3,436) (1,642) 
Total cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period11,839  11,777  
Total cash and cash equivalents at end of period$8,403  $10,135  
See accompanying notes.

6


QUALCOMM Incorporated
QUALCOMM Incorporated
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In millions)millions, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019
Total stockholders’ equity, beginning balance$4,513  $3,617  $4,909  $807  
Common stock and paid-in capital:
Balance at beginning of period$—  $—  $343  $—  
Common stock issued under employee benefit plans and the related tax benefits151  150  171  177  
Repurchases and retirements of common stock(451) —  (932) (136) 
Share-based compensation331  237  650  486  
Tax withholdings related to vesting of share-based payments(31) (3) (232) (143) 
Balance at end of period—  384  —  384  
Retained earnings:
Balance at beginning of period4,376  3,415  4,466  542  
Cumulative effect of accounting changes—  —  —  3,455  
Net income468  663  1,393  1,731  
Repurchases and retirements of common stock(1,127) —  (1,408) (883) 
Dividends(727) (769) (1,461) (1,536) 
Balance at end of period2,990  3,309  2,990  3,309  
Accumulated other comprehensive income:
Balance at beginning of period137  202  100  265  
Cumulative effect of accounting changes—  —  —  (51) 
Other comprehensive loss(82) (29) (45) (41) 
Balance at end of period55  173  55  173  
Total stockholders’ equity, ending balance$3,045  $3,866  $3,045  $3,866  
Dividends per share announced$0.62  $0.62  $1.24  $1.24  
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018
Net income (loss)$2,149
 $1,202
 $3,880
 $(4,451)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes:       
Foreign currency translation gains (losses)14
 (237) (27) (64)
Reclassification of foreign currency translation losses included in net income (loss)—
 —
 1
 —
Reclassification of net other-than-temporary losses on available-for-sale securities included in net income (loss)—
 —
 —
 1
Net unrealized gains (losses) on other available-for-sale securities—
 3
 (6) 2
Reclassification of net realized losses (gains) on available-for-sale securities included in net income (loss)—
 2
 (1) (7)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments6
 3
 23
 (3)
Reclassification of net realized (gains) losses on derivative instruments included in net income (loss)(2) 7
 (4) 10
Other gains (losses)4
 —
 (5) —
Total other comprehensive income (loss)22
 (222) (19) (61)
Comprehensive income (loss)$2,171
 $980
 $3,861
 $(4,512)

See accompanying notes.
7

QUALCOMM Incorporated
See accompanying notes.


NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
QUALCOMM Incorporated
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
 Nine Months Ended
 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018
Operating Activities:   
Net income (loss)$3,880
 $(4,451)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:   
Depreciation and amortization expense1,051
 1,165
Income tax provision in excess of income tax payments2,206
 4,958
Non-cash portion of share-based compensation expense698
 659
Net gains on marketable securities and other investments(340) (101)
Indefinite and long-lived asset impairment charges203
 96
Impairment losses on marketable securities and other investments111
 40
Other items, net(207) (46)
Changes in assets and liabilities:   
Accounts receivable, net1,451
 470
Inventories(95) 245
Other assets15
 72
Trade accounts payable(267) (296)
Payroll, benefits and other liabilities(2,534) 1,698
Unearned revenues(113) (178)
Net cash provided by operating activities6,059
 4,331
Investing Activities:   
Capital expenditures(570) (625)
Purchases of debt and equity marketable securities—
 (5,835)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of debt and equity marketable securities124
 9,105
Acquisitions and other investments, net of cash acquired(185) (192)
Proceeds from other investments45
 207
Other items, net117
 (45)
Net cash (used) provided by investing activities(469) 2,615
Financing Activities:   
Proceeds from short-term debt4,808
 9,385
Repayment of short-term debt(4,813) (7,198)
Repayment of long-term debt—
 (1,571)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock264
 387
Repurchases and retirements of common stock(1,088) (1,425)
Dividends paid(2,257) (2,600)
Payments of tax withholdings related to vesting of share-based awards(225) (273)
Payment of purchase consideration related to RF360 joint venture(44) (157)
Other items, net(91) (54)
Net cash used by financing activities(3,446) (3,506)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents2
 (19)
Net increase in total cash and cash equivalents2,146
 3,421
Total cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period11,777
 37,029
Total cash and cash equivalents at end of period$13,923
 $40,450
    
Reconciliation to the condensed consolidated balance sheets   
Cash and cash equivalents$13,923
 $35,619
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents included in other assets—
 4,831
Total cash and cash equivalents at end of period$13,923
 $40,450
See accompanying notes.


QUALCOMM Incorporated
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In millions, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018
Total stockholders’ equity, beginning balance$3,866
 $23,735
 $807
 $30,725
        
Common stock and paid-in capital:       
Balance at beginning of period384
 495
 —
 274
Common stock issued under employee benefit plans and the related tax benefits85
 50
 262
 393
Repurchases and retirements of common stock(69) (668) (205) (1,093)
Share-based compensation263
 200
 749
 699
Tax withholdings related to vesting of share-based payments(82) (77) (225) (273)
Balance at end of period581
 —
 581
 —
        
Retained earnings:       
Balance at beginning of period3,309
 22,695
 542
 30,067
Cumulative effect of accounting changes (Note 1)—
 —
 3,455
 —
Net income (loss)2,149
 1,202
 3,880
 (4,451)
Repurchases and retirements of common stock—
 (332) (883) (332)
Dividends(771) (921) (2,307) (2,640)
Balance at end of period4,687
 22,644
 4,687
 22,644
        
Accumulated other comprehensive income:       
Balance at beginning of period173
 545
 265
 384
Cumulative effect of accounting changes (Note 1)—

—

(51)
—
Other comprehensive income (loss)22
 (222) (19) (61)
Balance at end of period195
 323
 195
 323
        
Total stockholders’ equity, ending balance$5,463
 $22,967
 $5,463
 $22,967
        
Dividends per share announced$0.62
 $0.62
 $1.86
 $1.76


See accompanying notes.

QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


Note 1. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies Update
Financial Statement Preparation. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) for interim financial information and the instructions to Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the interim financial information includes all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods. These condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for theour fiscal year ended September 30, 2018.29, 2019. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of operating results for an entire fiscal year. We operate and report using a 52-53 week fiscal year ending on the last Sunday in September. Each of the three-monththree and nine-month periodssix months ended June 30,March 29, 2020 and March 31, 2019 and June 24, 2018 included 13 weeks and 3926 weeks, respectively.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and the disclosure of contingent amounts in our condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
Revision of Prior Period Financial Statements. As previously disclosed, in connection with the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended December 30, 2018, we identified an immaterial error related to the recognition of certain royalty revenues of our QTL (Qualcomm Technology Licensing) segment in the quarterly and annual periods in fiscal 2018 and third and fourth quarters and annual period in fiscal 2017. In accordance with SAB No. 99, “Materiality,” and SAB No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements,” we evaluated the error and determined that the related impact was not material to our financial statements for any prior annual or interim period, but that correcting the cumulative impact of the error would be significant to our results of operations for the three months ended December 30, 2018. Accordingly, we have revised previously reported financial information for such immaterial error, as previously disclosed in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first and second quarters of fiscal 2019. A summary of revisions to certain previously reported financial information presented herein for comparative purposes is included in Note 11. We will also correct previously reported financial information for such immaterial error in our future filings, as applicable.
Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share. Basic earnings (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the combination of dilutive common share equivalents, comprised of shares issuable under our share-based compensation plans and shares subject to accelerated share repurchase agreements, if any, and the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Due to the net loss for the nine months ended June 24, 2018, all of the common share equivalents issuable under share-based compensation plans had an anti-dilutive effect and were therefore excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share. The following table provides information about the diluted earnings (loss) per share calculation (in millions):
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018
Dilutive common share equivalents included in diluted shares13.9
 9.0
 9.3
 —
Shares of common stock equivalents not included because the effect would be anti-dilutive or certain performance conditions were not satisfied at the end of the period0.7
 0.6
 9.9
 43.2


QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

Share-Based Compensation. Total share-based compensation expense, related to all of our share-based awards, was comprised as follows (in millions):
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018
Cost of revenues$8
 $9
 $23
 $30
Research and development164
 140
 479
 447
Selling, general and administrative74
 40
 196
 182
Share-based compensation expense before income taxes246
 189
 698
 659
Related income tax benefit(48) (34) (127) (111)
 $198
 $155
 $571
 $548

At June 30, 2019, total unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested restricted stock units granted prior to that date was $1.2 billion, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.1 years. At June 30, 2019, we had outstanding 26.9 million restricted stock units and 1.1 million stock options that contain only a service requirement.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements.Guidance.
Revenue Recognition:Leases: In May 2014,February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)FASB issued new accounting guidance related to revenue recognitionleases (ASC 606), which842) that outlines a new comprehensive revenue recognitionlease accounting model and supersedes most current revenue recognition accounting guidance and requires increasedexpanded disclosures. TheUnder the new accounting guidance, defines a five-step approach that requires a companywe are required to recognize revenue as control of goods or services transfers to a customer at an amount that reflectsright-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities on the expected consideration to be received in exchange for those goods or services.consolidated balance sheet. We adopted ASC 606842 in the first quarter of fiscal 20192020 using the modified retrospective transition method only to those contracts that were not completed as of October 1, 2018. We recognizedapproach, with the cumulative effect of initially applying the new revenue accounting guidanceinitial adoption recorded as an adjustment to our opening retained earnings.condensed consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2019. We elected to not record leases with a term of 12 months or less on our consolidated balance sheet. In addition, we applied the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, which among other things, does not require reassessment of lease classification upon adoption. Prior period results have not been restated and continue to be reported in accordance with the accounting guidance in effect for those periods (ASC 605)840). We have implemented new accounting policies, systems, processes and internal controls necessary to support the requirements of ASC 606.
Adoption of this new accounting guidance most significantly impacts the timing of sales-based royalty revenues, which are the vast majority of our QTL segment’s revenues. Prior to adoption, we recognized sales-based royalties as revenues in the period in which such royalties were reported by licensees, which was after the conclusion of the quarter in which the licensees’ sales occurred and when all other revenue recognition criteria had been met. Under the new accounting guidance, we estimate and recognize sales-based royalties in the period in which the associated sales occur, subject to certain constraints on our ability to estimate such amounts, resulting in an acceleration of revenue recognition compared to the historical method under ASC 605. Since we do not invoice for sales-based royalties estimated and recognized in any given quarter until after the conclusion of that quarter (which is generally the following quarter when such royalties are reported by licensees), revenues recognized from sales-based royalties results in unbilled receivables (included in accounts receivable, net on the consolidated balance sheet). The adoption of ASC 606 did not otherwise have a material impact.
The new accounting guidance also impacts the timing of recognizing certain customer incentives, which are recorded as a reduction to revenues in the period that the related revenues are earned. Prior to adoption, we accounted for certain customer incentive arrangements, including volume-related and other pricing rebates or cost reimbursements for marketing and other activities involving certain of our products and technologies, in part based on the maximum potential liability. Under the new accounting guidance, we estimate the amount of all customer incentives.

QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

The following table summarizes the cumulative effects of adopting the new revenue accounting guidance (substantially all of which related to the impact to QTL’s sales-based royalties) on our condensed consolidated balance sheet at October 1, 2018 (in millions):
 Balance as of September 30,
2018		 Adjustment Opening Balance as of October 1,
2018
Assets     
Accounts receivable, net$2,904
 $957
 $3,861
Other current assets699
 1
 700
Deferred tax assets936
 (98) 838
Other assets1,970
 1
 1,971
   

 

Liabilities     
Unearned revenues, current$500
 $6
 $506
Other current liabilities6,978
 125
 7,103
Unearned revenues1,620
 (110) 1,510
      
Stockholders’ equity     
Retained earnings$542
 $840
 $1,382
The following tables summarize the impacts of adopting the new revenue accounting guidance on our condensed consolidated balance sheet and statements of operations (in millions):
 As of June 30, 2019
Balance Sheet
As Reported
ASC 606
 Adjustment ASC 605
Assets     
Accounts receivable, net$2,390
 $(1,070) $1,320
Other current assets682
 (32) 650
Deferred tax assets1,172
 106
 1,278
Other assets2,062
 (1) 2,061
      
Liabilities     
Unearned revenues, current$527
 $(41) $486
Other current liabilities4,725
 (31) 4,694
Unearned revenues1,251
 138
 1,389
      
Stockholders’ equity     
Retained earnings$4,687
 $(1,063) $3,624

QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

 Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 Nine Months Ended June 30, 2019
Statements of Operations
As Reported
ASC 606
 Adjustment ASC 605 
As Reported
ASC 606
 Adjustment ASC 605
Revenues           
Equipment and services$3,531
 $(10) $3,521
 $11,037
 $(80) $10,957
Licensing6,104
 (239) 5,865
 8,422
 (196) 8,226
Investment and other income, net344
 (1) 343
 377
 —
 377
Income tax (expense) benefit(3,352) 49
 (3,303) (2,987) 53
 (2,934)
Net income2,149
 (201) 1,948
 3,880
 (223) 3,657

Adoption of the new accounting guidance had no impact to net cash provided (used) by operating, financing or investing activities on our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended June 30, 2019.
Financial Assets: In January 2016, the FASB issued new accounting guidance on classifying and measuring financial instruments, which requires that all equity investments, other than equity-method investments, in unconsolidated entities generally be measured at fair value through earnings in the statement of operations. Additionally, it changes the disclosure requirements for financial instruments. We adopted the new accounting guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 using the modified retrospective transition method for investments in marketable securities, which have readily determinable fair values, with the cumulative effect of applying the new accounting guidance recognized as an adjustment to opening retained earnings. Upon adoption, we reclassified $50recorded $449 million of unrealized gains, netoperating lease assets in other assets and $500 million of corresponding lease liabilities ($127 million recorded in other current liabilities and $373 million recorded in other liabilities). The difference between the operating lease assets and liabilities of $51 million primarily related to deferred rent liabilities that existed as of the associated tax effects, related to our investments in marketable securities from accumulated other comprehensive income to opening retained earnings. We have applied the prospective transition methoddate of adoption. Finance leases were not material for investments in non-marketable securities, which are investments in privately held companies that do not have readily determinable fair values and will recognize, through earnings, any unrealized gains that have accumulated in the period in which there is an observable transaction, if any.
Hedge Instruments: In August 2017, the FASB issued new accounting guidance that expands and refines hedge accounting for both financial and non-financial risks, aligns the recognition and presentationall periods presented. Adoption of the effects of hedging instruments and hedged items in the financial statements, and includes targeted improvements related to the assessment of hedge effectiveness. The new accounting guidance also modifies disclosure requirements for hedging activities. We adopted the new accounting guidance in the first quarter of 2019 using the modified retrospective transition method and recorded a negligible adjustment to opening retained earnings. The new accounting guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Statement of Cash Flows: In August 2016, the FASB issued new accounting guidance related to the classification of certain cash receipts and cash payments in the statement of cash flows. We adopted the new accounting guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 using the retrospective transition method for each period presented, which did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.
In November 2016, the FASB issued new accounting guidance that requires companies to include restricted cash and cash equivalents as a component in total cash and cash equivalents on the statement of cash flows. As a result, the consolidated statement of cash flows no longer reflects transfers between cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents. We adopted the new accounting guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 using the retrospective transition method, which results in certain amounts in fiscal 2018 being adjusted to conform to the new accounting guidance. This includes restricted cash and cash equivalents held during fiscal 2018 related to funds deposited as collateral for outstanding letters of credit in connection with a then proposed acquisition. Restricted cash and cash equivalents related to the outstanding letters of credit totaled $2.0 billion at the end of the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017 and third quarter of fiscal 2018. Additionally, amounts for the nine months ended June 24, 2018 have been adjusted for restricted cash and cash equivalents of $2.8 billion that was irrevocably deposited to redeem long-term debt in July 2018, resulting in a decrease in net cash used by financing activities by such amount, with a corresponding increase in total cash and cash equivalents presented on the condensed consolidated statement ofoperations or cash flows.
Accounting Policy Update.
Income Taxes:Leases: In October 2016, the FASB issued new accounting guidance that changes the accounting for the income tax effects of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. Under the new accounting guidance, the selling (transferring) entity is required to recognize a current tax expense or benefit upon transfer of the asset. Similarly, the purchasing (receiving) entity is required to recognize a deferred tax asset or deferred tax liability, as well as the related

QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

deferred tax benefit or expense, upon receipt of the asset. We adopted the new accounting guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 using the modified retrospective transition method, with the cumulative effect of applying the new accounting guidance recognized as an adjustment to opening retained earnings of $2.6 billion, primarily as the result of establishing a deferred tax asset on the basis difference of certain intellectual property distributed from one of our foreign subsidiaries to a subsidiary in the United States in fiscal 2018. During the third quarter of fiscal 2019, the United States Treasury Department issued new temporary regulations that resulted in a change to the deductibility of dividend income received by a U.S. stockholder from a foreign corporation. As a result of this change, pursuantthe adoption of ASC 842, we revised our lease accounting policy beginning in fiscal 2020 as follows.
Operating lease assets and liabilities are recognized for leases with lease terms greater than 12 months based on the present value of the future lease payments over the lease term at the commencement date. Operating leases are included in other assets, other current liabilities and other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet. Our lease terms may include options to an agreement withextend or terminate the Internal Revenue Service,lease when it is reasonably certain that we will forgoexercise such option. We account for substantially all lease and related non-lease components together as a single lease component. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the federal tax basis step-up in such distributed intellectual property. Therefore, the related deferred tax asset was written-off, resulting in a $2.5 billion charge to income tax expense in the third quarter of fiscal 2019 (Note 3). The ongoing impact of this accounting guidance will be dependent on the facts and circumstances of any transactions within its scope.lease term.
Recent Accounting PronouncementsGuidance Not Yet Adopted.
Leases: In February 2016, the FASB issued new accounting guidance related to leases that outlines a comprehensive lease accounting model and supersedes the current lease accounting guidance. The new accounting guidance requires lessees to recognize right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities on the balance sheet for leases with a lease term of greater than 12 months. It also changes the definition of a lease and expands the disclosure requirements of lease arrangements. We will adopt the new accounting guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 using the modified retrospective approach as of the effective date, and we will elect certain practical expedients. We do not expect finance leases to be material at the time of adoption. We are in the process of determining the effects the adoption will have on our consolidated financial statements.
Financial Assets: In June 2016, the FASB issued new accounting guidance that changes the accounting for recognizing impairments of financial assets. Under the new accounting guidance, credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost (such as accounts receivable) will be estimated based on expected losses rather than the current incurred loss impairment model. The new accounting guidance also modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities. These changes will result in earlier recognition of credit losses, if any. The new accounting guidance generally requires the modified retrospective transition method, with the cumulative effect of applying the new accounting guidance recognized as an adjustment to opening retained earnings in the year of adoption, except for certain financial assets where the prospective transition method is required, such as available-for-sale debt securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment has been recorded. We will adopt the new accounting guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2021, and the impact of this new
8

QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
accounting guidance will largely depend on the composition and credit quality of our investment portfolio and accounts receivable,as well as economic conditions, at the time of adoption.
Accounting Policy Update.
Revenue Recognition: As a result of the adoption of ASC 606, we revised our revenue recognition policy beginning in fiscal 2019 as follows.
We derive revenues principally from sales of integrated circuit products and licensing of our intellectual property. We also generate revenues by performing software hosting, software development and other services and from other product sales. The timing of revenue recognition and the amount of revenue actually recognized in each case depends upon a variety of factors, including the specific terms of each arrangement and the nature of our performance obligations.
Revenues from sales of our products are recognized upon transfer of control to the customer, which is generally at the time of shipment. Revenues from providing services are typically recognized over time as our performance obligation is satisfied. Revenues from providing services were less than 5% of total revenues for all periods presented.
We grant licenses or otherwise provide rights to use portions of our intellectual property portfolio, which, among other rights, includes certain patent rights essential to and/or useful in the manufacture, sale or use of certain wireless products. Licensees pay royalties based on their sales of products incorporating or using our licensed intellectual property and may also pay a fixed license fee in one or more installments. Sales-based royalties are generally based upon a percentage of the wholesale (i.e., licensee’s) selling price of complete licensed products, net of certain permissible deductions (including transportation, insurance, packing costs and other items). We broadly provide per unit royalty caps that apply to certain categories of complete wireless devices, namely smartphones, tablets and laptops, which in general, effectively provide for a maximum royalty amount per device. We estimate and recognize sales-based royalties on such licensed products in the period in which the associated sales occur, subject to certain constraints on our ability to estimate such royalties. Our estimates of sales-based royalties are based largely on an assessment of the volume of devices supplied into the market that incorporate or use our licensed intellectual property. We estimate sales-based royalties taking into consideration the mix of such sales on a licensee-by-licensee basis, as well as the licensees’ average wholesale prices of such products, and consider all information

QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

(historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to us. Our licensees, however, do not report and pay royalties owed for sales in any given quarter until after the conclusion of that quarter, which is generally the following quarter. As a result of recognizing revenues in the period in which the licensees’ sales occur using estimates, adjustments to revenues are required in subsequent periods to reflect changes in estimates as new information becomes available, primarily resulting from actual amounts reported by our licensees.
License agreements that require payment of license fees contain a single performance obligation that represents ongoing access to a portfolio of intellectual property over the license term since such agreements provide the licensee the right to access a portfolio of intellectual property that exists at inception of the license agreement and to updates and new intellectual property that is added to the licensed portfolio during the term of the agreement that are highly interdependent or interrelated. Since we expect to expend efforts to develop and transfer updates to our licensed portfolio on an even basis, license fees are recognized as revenues on a straight-line basis over the estimated period of benefit of the license to the licensee.
We account for a contract with a customer/licensee when it is legally enforceable, the parties are committed to perform their respective obligations, the rights of the parties regarding the goods and/or services to be transferred are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of substantially all of the consideration is probable.
From time to time, regulatory authorities investigate our business practices, particularly with respect to our licensing business, and institute proceedings against us. Depending on the matter, various remedies that could result from an unfavorable resolution include, among others, the loss of our ability to enforce one or more of our patents; injunctions; monetary damages or fines or other orders to pay money; the issuance of orders to cease certain conduct or modify our business practices, such as requiring us to reduce our royalty rates, reduce the base on which our royalties are calculated, grant patent licenses to chipset manufacturers, sell chipsets to unlicensed OEMs or modify or renegotiate some or all of our existing license agreements; and determinations that some or all of our license agreements are invalid or unenforceable. Additionally, from time to time, companies initiate various strategies in an attempt to negotiate, renegotiate, reduce and/or eliminate their need to pay royalties to us for the use of our intellectual property, which may include disputing, underreporting, underpaying, not reporting and/or not paying royalties owed to us under their license agreements with us, or reporting to us in a manner that is not in compliance with their contractual obligations. In such cases, we estimate and recognize licensing revenues only when we have a contract, as defined in ASC 606, and to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenues recognized will not occur, both of which may require significant judgment. We analyze the risk of a significant revenue reversal considering both the likelihood and magnitude of the reversal and, if necessary, constrain the amount of estimated revenues recognized in order to mitigate this risk, which may result in recognizing revenues less than amounts contractually owed to us.
On May 21, 2019, in United States Federal Trade Commission (FTC) v. QUALCOMM Incorporated, the court issued an Order ruling against us and imposing certain injunctive relief (Note 6). While we believe that our business practices do not violate either antitrust law or our FRAND (fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory) licensing commitments, significant evaluation and judgment were required in determining the impact of such ruling on the amount of licensing revenues estimated and recognized in the third quarter of fiscal 2019. This included, among other items: (i) evaluating whether our license agreements remain valid and enforceable, (ii) evaluating licensees’ conduct and whether they remain committed to perform their respective obligations and (iii) determining the expected impact, if any, to the current period of any license agreements that may be renegotiated and/or are newly entered into as a result of the ruling while the stay and appeal are pending. Based on this evaluation, the impact of the ruling was not material to QTL licensing revenues in the third quarter of fiscal 2019 based on facts and factors currently known by us. As new information becomes available,us, we may be required to make adjustments to revenues in subsequent periods to reflect changes in estimates and/or this matter could have a material adverse effect on our ability to recognize future licensing revenues.
We measure revenues (including our estimatesdo not expect the impact of sales-based royalties) based on the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for products or services. We record reductions to revenues for customer incentive arrangements, including volume-related and other pricing rebates and cost reimbursements for marketing and other activities involving certain of our products and technologies, in the period that the related revenues are earned. The charges for such arrangements are recorded as a reduction to accounts receivable, net or as other current liabilities based on whether we have the intent and contractual right of offset. Certain of these charges are considered variable consideration and are included in the transaction price primarily based on estimating the most likely amount expectedadoption to be providedmaterial to the customer/licensee.

QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

Revenues recognized from sales of our products and sales-based royalties are generally included in accounts receivable, net (including unbilled receivables) based on our unconditional right to payment for satisfied or partially satisfied performance obligations.
We disaggregate our revenues by segment (Note 7) and type of product and services (as presented on our consolidated statement of operations), as we believe this best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of our revenues and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Substantially all of QCT’s revenues consist of equipment revenues that are recognized at a point in time, and substantially all of QTL’s revenues represent licensing revenues that are recognized over time.
Revenues recognized from performance obligations satisfied (or partially satisfied) in previous periods were $4.8 billion and $4.1 billion for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, and primarily related to licensing revenues of $4.7 billion recognized in the third quarter of fiscal 2019 (a portion of which was attributable to the first and second quarters of fiscal 2019) resulting from the settlement with Apple and its contract manufacturers (Note 6), consisting of a payment from Apple and the release of certain of our obligations to pay Apple and the contract manufacturers customer-related liabilities.
Unearned revenues (which are considered contract liabilities) consist primarily of license fees for intellectual property with continuing performance obligations. In the nine months ended June 30, 2019, we recognized revenues of $371 million that were recorded as unearned revenues at October 1, 2018.
Remaining performance obligations, substantially all of which are included in unearned revenues, represent the aggregate amount of the transaction price of certain customer contracts yet to be recognized as revenues as of the end of the reporting period and exclude revenues related to (a) contracts that have an original expected duration of one year or less and (b) sales-based royalties (i.e., future royalty revenues) pursuant to our license agreements. Our remaining performance obligations are primarily comprised of certain customer contracts for which QTL received license fees upfront. At June 30, 2019, we had $1.8 billion of remaining performance obligations, of which $129 million, $516 million, $436 million, $429 million and $195 million was expected to be recognized as revenues for the remainder of fiscal 2019 and each of the subsequent four years from fiscal 2020 through 2023, respectively, and $77 million thereafter.
Marketable Securities and Non-Marketable Securities: Prior to the adoption of the new accounting guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2019, investments in marketable equity securities were generally classified as available-for-sale equity investments, with net unrealized gains or losses recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of income taxes. Beginning in fiscal 2019, all gains and losses on investments in marketable equity securities, realized and unrealized, are recognized in investment and other income, net.financial statements.
Prior to the adoption of the new accounting guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2019, investments in non-marketable equity securities were recorded at cost less impairment, if any, with any losses resulting from an impairment recognized in investment and other income, net. Beginning in fiscal 2019, investments in non-marketable equity securities are recorded at cost, less impairments (if any), adjusted for observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar securities (if any). All gains and losses on investments in non-marketable equity securities, realized and unrealized, are recognized in investment and other income, net.
In addition, prior to adoption, we recorded impairment losses in earnings on investments in non-marketable equity securities when an impairment was considered other than temporary. Beginning in fiscal 2019, we record impairment losses in earnings when we believe an investment has experienced a decline in value.
Note 2. Composition of Certain Financial Statement Items
Accounts Receivable (in millions)   
 June 30,
2019		 September 30,
2018
Trade, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $47 and $56, respectively$1,036
 $2,667
Unbilled receivables1,332
 201
Other22
 36
 $2,390
 $2,904


QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

The increase in unbilled receivables was primarily due to the adoption of ASC 606 (Note 1). Accounts receivable, trade at September 30, 2018 included approximately $960 million related to the short payment in the second quarter of fiscal 2017 of royalties reported by and deemed collectible from Apple’s contract manufacturers. This same amount was recorded in customer-related liabilities (in other current liabilities) for Apple, since we did not have the contractual right to offset these amounts. In the third quarter of fiscal 2019, we entered into settlement agreements with Apple and its contract manufacturers to dismiss all outstanding litigation between the parties, and as a result, these amounts, as well as others, were settled (Note 6).
Inventories (in millions)   
 June 30,
2019		 September 30,
2018
Raw materials$81
 $72
Work-in-process896
 715
Finished goods797
 906
 $1,774
 $1,693

Inventories (in millions)
March 29,
2020		September 29,
2019
Raw materials$101  $77  
Work-in-process802  667  
Finished goods797  656  
$1,700  $1,400  
Equity Method and Non-marketable Equity Investments. The carrying values of our equity method and non-marketable equity investments are recorded in other noncurrent assets and were as follows (in millions):
 June 30,
2019		 September 30,
2018
Equity method investments$330
 $402
Non-marketable equity investments800
 650
 $1,130
 $1,052

March 29,
2020		September 29,
2019
Equity method investments$210  $343  
Non-marketable equity investments726  787  
$936  $1,130  
InThe rapid, global spread of the recent coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and associated containment and mitigation measures have negatively impacted the condition of economies and financial markets globally, which has negatively impacted certain companies in which we hold non-marketable equity investments, including those accounted for under the equity method, and to a lesser extent, non-marketable debt securities. Significant evaluation and judgments were required in determining if the negative effects of COVID-19 indicate that such investments were impaired, and if so, the extent of such impairment, in the second quarter of fiscal 2020. This included, among other items: (i) assessing the business impacts that COVID-19 had, and we currently expect to have in the future, on our investees, including taking into consideration the investee’s industry and geographic location and the impact to its customers, suppliers and employees, as applicable, (ii) evaluating the investees’ ability to respond to the impacts of COVID-19, including any significant deterioration in the investee’s financial condition and cash flows, as well as assessing liquidity and/or going concern risks and (iii) considering any appreciation in fair value that has not been recognized in the carrying values of such investments. Based on this evaluation, certain of our investments were impaired and written down to their estimated fair values in the second quarter of fiscal 2020 based on information currently known by us (a significant portion of which related to the full impairment of our investment in OneWeb (an equity method investee) who filed for bankruptcy in the second quarter of fiscal 2020) (Note 7). Although we believe that our judgments supporting our impairment assessments are reasonable (which relies on information reasonably available to us), the COVID-19 pandemic makes it challenging for us and our investees to estimate the future performance of our investees’ businesses. As circumstances change and/or new information becomes available, we may be required to record additional impairments in subsequent periods.
Short-term Debt (in millions)
March 29,
2020		September 29,
2019
Commercial paper$499  $499  
Current portion of long-term debt2,000  1,997  
$2,499  $2,496  
Subsequent to March 29, 2020, we reduced the total amount available for issuance under our unsecured commercial paper program from $5.0 billion to $4.5 billion.
Revolving Credit Facility. We have an Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Facility (Revolving Credit Facility) that provides for unsecured revolving facility loans, swing line loans and letters of credit in an aggregate amount of up to $4.5
9

QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
billion, which expires on November 8, 2021. At March 29, 2020, 0 amounts were outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility.
Long-term Debt. At March 29, 2020 and September 29, 2019, non-marketable debt and equity securities (non-cash consideration)we had outstanding interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $750 million and $1.8 billion, respectively, related to our May 2015 Notes. During the second quarter of fiscal 2020, we terminated interest rate swaps related to our fixed-rate 3.0% notes due May 20, 2022 resulting in a deferred gain of $19 million, which is being amortized to interest expense over the remaining term of the fixed-rate 3.0% notes due May 20, 2022. At March 29, 2020 and September 29, 2019, the aggregate fair value of $98our remaining outstanding principal floating- and fixed-rate notes, including the current portion of long-term debt, based on Level 2 inputs, was approximately $16.7 billion and $16.5 billion, respectively.
Revenues. We disaggregate our revenues by segment (Note 6) and type of products and services (as presented on our condensed consolidated statement of operations), as we believe this best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of our revenues and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Substantially all of QCT’s (Qualcomm CDMA Technologies) revenues consist of equipment revenues that are recognized at a point in time, and substantially all of QTL’s (Qualcomm Technology Licensing) revenues represent licensing revenues that are recognized over time.
Revenues recognized from performance obligations satisfied (or partially satisfied) in previous periods were $150 million were receivedand $398 million for the three months ended March 29, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively, and $178 million and $394 million for the six months ended March 29, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively, and primarily related to QTL royalty revenues recognized related to devices sold in prior periods, certain customer incentives and revenues related to a development contract with one of our equity method investees,investees.
Unearned revenues (which are considered contract liabilities) consist primarily of license fees for intellectual property with continuing performance obligations. In the six months ended March 29, 2020 and March 31, 2019, we recognized revenues of $307 million and $258 million, respectively, that were recorded as unearned revenues at September 29, 2019 and October 1, 2018, respectively.
Remaining performance obligations, substantially all of which wasare included in unearned revenues, represent the aggregate amount of the transaction price of certain customer contracts yet to be recognized as revenues inas of the second quarterend of the reporting period and exclude revenues related to (a) contracts that have an original expected duration of one year or less and (b) sales-based royalties (i.e., future royalty revenues) pursuant to our license agreements. Our remaining performance obligations are primarily comprised of certain customer contracts for which QTL received license fees upfront. At March 29, 2020, we had $1.5 billion of remaining performance obligations, of which $284 million, $511 million, $463 million, $202 million and $50 million was expected to be recognized as revenues for the remainder of fiscal 2019. In addition, in the second quarter of fiscal 2019, non-marketable equity securities (non-cash consideration) with a fair value of $53 million were received in connection with the sale of certain assets as part2020 and each of the Cost Plan (Note 8).
Other Current Liabilities (in millions)   
 June 30,
2019		 September 30,
2018
Customer incentives and other customer-related liabilities$1,105
 $3,500
Accrual for EC fines (Note 6)1,430
 1,167
Income taxes payable668
 453
RF360 Holdings put and call option1,149
 1,137
Other373
 721
 $4,725
 $6,978

Beginning on August 4, 2019, for a period of 60 days, we have the option to acquire (and the minority owner has the option to sell) the minority ownership interest in the RF360 Holdings joint venture for $1.15 billion,subsequent four years from fiscal 2021 through 2024, respectively, and we expect one of such options to be exercised during this period. At June 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, the accreted value of such amount was included in other current liabilities.

QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. Changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of income taxes, in stockholders’ equity in the nine months ended June 30, 2019 were as follows (in millions):
 Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment Noncredit Other-than-Temporary Impairment Losses and Subsequent Changes in Fair Value for Certain Available-for-Sale Debt Securities Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Other Available-for-Sale Securities Net Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Derivative Instruments Other Gains Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Balance at September 30, 2018$11
 $23
 $243
 $(13) $1
 $265
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications(27) —
 (6) 23
 (5) (15)
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income1
 —
 (51) (5) —
 (55)
Other comprehensive (loss) income(26) —
 (57) 18
 (5) (70)
Balance at June 30, 2019$(15) $23
 $186
 $5
 $(4) $195

Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income included adjustments of $51$26 million to the opening retained earnings balance as a result of the adoption of new accounting guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 related to financial instruments and hedge instruments (Note 1).Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income (excluding adjustments to opening retained earnings) related to available-for-sale securities were negligible in the three and nine months ended June 30, 2019 and June 24, 2018 and were recorded in investment and other income, net.thereafter.
Other Income, Costs and Expenses.Other expensesincome in the three and six months ended March 29, 2020 consisted of a $23 million gain related to a favorable legal settlement.
Other income in the three months ended June 30,March 31, 2019 consistedincluded a $43 million gain due to the partial recovery of a $275 million charge related to the fine imposed in fiscal 2009 resulting from our appeal of the Korea Fair Trade Commission (KFTC), partially offset by the European Commission (EC) related to the Icera complaint (2019 EC fine) (Note 6)$25 million in net restructuring and negligible netrestructuring-related charges related to our Cost Plan.Plan that concluded in fiscal 2019. Other expenses in the ninesix months ended June 30,March 31, 2019 included $275 million related to the 2019 EC fine, $207$204 million in net restructuring and restructuring-related charges related to our Cost Plan, partially offset by a $43 million gain due to the partial recovery of a fine we previously paid to the Korea Fair Trade Commission (KFTC)KFTC and a $31 million gain related to a favorable legal settlement.
Other expenses in the three and nine months ended June 24, 2018 consisted of $112 million and $422 million, respectively, in restructuring and restructuring-related charges related to our Cost Plan. Other expenses in the nine months ended June 24, 2018 also included a $1.2 billion charge related to an EC fine (2018 EC fine) (Note 6).
Investment and Other Income, Net (in millions)       
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018
Interest and dividend income$81
 $182
 $237
 $461
Net gains on marketable securities326
 10
 293
 24
Net gains on other investments6
 16
 47
 77
Impairment losses on marketable securities and other investments(42) (19) (111) (40)
Net losses on derivative investments—
 (30) (10) (21)
Equity in net losses of investees(22) (28) (79) (67)
Net (losses) gains on foreign currency transactions(5) 112
 —
 20
 $344
 $243
 $377
 $454
10


QUALCOMM Incorporated
QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Investment and Other (Expense) Income, Net (in millions)
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019
Interest and dividend income$47  $78  $107  $143  
Net gains (losses) on marketable securities55  5  66  (19) 
Net (losses) gains on other investments(12) 6  36  42  
Net (losses) gains on deferred compensation plan assets(72) 37  (42) (2) 
Impairment losses on other investments(265) (60) (337) (69) 
Net (losses) gains on derivative investments—  (1) 1  (9) 
Equity in net losses of investees(6) (36) (16) (58) 
Net gains (losses) on foreign currency transactions6  (1) 3  5  
$(247) $28  $(182) $33  

Net gains (losses) on the revaluation of our deferred compensation plan assets are recorded within investment and other (expense) income, net and are not allocated to our segments. Corresponding offsetting amounts related to the revaluation of our deferred compensation plan liabilities are included in unallocated operating expenses (Note 6).
Note 3. Income Taxes
The 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Legislation), which was enacted during the first quarter of fiscal 2018, significantly revised the United States corporate income tax by, among other things, lowering the corporate income tax rate to 21% and imposing a one-time repatriation tax on deemed repatriated earnings and profits of U.S.-owned foreign subsidiaries (the Toll Charge). The Tax Legislation fundamentally changed the taxation of multinational entities, including a shift from a system of worldwide taxation with deferral to a hybrid territorial system, featuring a participation exemption regime with current taxation of certain foreign income, a minimum tax on low-taxed foreign earnings and new measures to deter base erosion and promote U.S. production. As a fiscal-year taxpayer, certain provisions of the Tax Legislation became effective starting at the beginning of fiscal 2019, including GILTI (global intangible low-taxed income), a new tax on income of foreign corporations, BEAT (base-erosion and anti-abuse tax) and FDII (foreign-derived intangible income). In response to the Tax Legislation and to better align our profits with activities, we implemented certain tax restructuring in fiscal 2018 and 2019. As a result, beginning in fiscal 2019, substantially all of our income is in the U.S., of which a significant portion qualifies for preferential treatment as FDII at a 13% effective tax rate. The impact of GILTI and BEAT is negligible. Accordingly, our estimated annual effective tax rate for fiscal 2019 reflects the effects of these components of the Tax Legislation. Our annual effective tax rate for fiscal 2018 reflected a blended federal statutory rate of approximately 25%.
As a result of the Tax Legislation, in fiscal 2019, several of our foreign subsidiaries made tax elections to be treated as U.S. branches for federal income tax purposes (commonly referred to as “check-the-box” elections) effective beginning in fiscal 2018 and 2019. Although beginning in fiscal 2019 the income of these entities will be included in our consolidated U.S. tax return, we believe that by treating these foreign subsidiaries as U.S. branches for federal income taxes, rather than controlled foreign corporations, we will significantly reduce the risk of being subject to GILTI and BEAT taxes. As a result of making these check-the-box elections, we recorded a tax benefit of $570 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 due to establishing new U.S. net deferred tax assets resulting from the difference between the GAAP basis and the U.S. federal tax carryover basis of the existing assets and liabilities of those foreign subsidiaries, primarily related to customer incentive liabilities that have not been deducted for tax purposes. Additionally, during fiscal 2018, one of our foreign subsidiaries distributed certain intellectual property to a U.S. subsidiary resulting in a difference between the GAAP basis and the U.S. federal tax basis of the distributed intellectual property. Upon adoption of new accounting guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2019, we recorded a deferred tax asset of approximately $2.6 billion, primarily related to the distributed intellectual property, with an adjustment to opening retained earnings (Note 1). During the third quarter of fiscal 2019, the United States Treasury Department issued new temporary regulations that resulted in a change to the deductibility of dividend income received by a U.S. stockholder from a foreign corporation. As a result of this change, pursuant to an agreement with the Internal Revenue Service, we will forgo the federal tax basis step-up in such distributed intellectual property. Therefore, the related deferred tax asset was written-off, resulting in a $2.5 billion charge to income tax expense in the third quarter of fiscal 2019.
We estimate our annual effective income tax rate to be 41%12% for fiscal 2019,2020, which includedis lower than the impact of the $2.5 billion charge recorded discretely in the third quarter to income tax expense resulting from the write-off of the deferred tax asset related to the distributed intellectual property and the impact of the tax benefit of $570 million recorded discretely in the first quarterU.S. federal statutory rate, primarily due to establishing new U.S. net deferred tax assets from making certain check-the-box elections. The estimated annuala significant portion of our income qualifying for preferential treatment as foreign-derived intangible income (FDII) at a 13% effective tax rate for fiscal 2019 was also impacted by the 2019 EC fine recorded in the third quarter of fiscal 2019, which is not deductible for tax purposes, and also reflecteddue to benefits from our FDII deduction and research and development tax credits. The annual effective tax rate for fiscal 2018 was impacted by the combined effect of the Toll Charge, the remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities and our decision to no longer indefinitely reinvest certain foreign earnings, all of which resulted from the Tax Legislation. The annual effective tax rate for fiscal 2018 was also impacted by the termination fee paid to NXP Semiconductors N.V. (NXP), the 2018 EC fine, settlement with the Taiwan Fair Trade Commission (TFTC), allocation of expenses to our U.S. operations and new Singapore tax incentives.
credit. The effective tax rate of 61%22% for the thirdsecond quarter of fiscal 20192020 was higher than the estimated annual effective tax rate of 41%12% primarily due to the $2.5 billion charge to income$28 million of discrete net tax expensecharges recorded discretely in the thirdsecond quarter of fiscal 2019 resulting from the write-off of the deferred tax asset2020, principally related to the distributed intellectual property. The estimated annual effective tax rate for fiscal 2019 was also impacted by the tax benefitforeign currency losses on a noncurrent receivable related to our refund claim of $570 million recorded discretely in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 due to establishing new U.S. net deferred tax assets from making certain check-the-box elections.
Unrecognized tax benefits were $230 million and $217 million at June 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, respectively. We believe that it is reasonably possible that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits at June 30, 2019 may increase or decrease in the next 12 months.

QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

Korean withholding tax.
The United States Treasury Department has issued proposed regulations on several provisions of the 2017 Tax Legislation,Cuts and Jobs Act, including foreign tax credits, FDII BEAT and interest expense deduction limitations, which are expected tomay be finalized in the next several months. When finalized, these proposed regulations may adversely affect our provision for income taxes, results of operations and/or cash flows.
Unrecognized tax benefits were $1.8 billion and $1.7 billion at March 29, 2020 and September 29, 2019, respectively, and primarily relate to our refund claim of Korean withholding tax. If successful, the refund will result in a corresponding reduction in U.S. foreign tax credits. We are subject to income taxesexpect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits at March 29, 2020 will increase in the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions and are currentlynext 12 months as licensees in Korea continue to withhold taxes on future payments due under examination by various tax authorities worldwide, most notably in countries where we earntheir licensing agreements at a routine return and tax authorities believe substantial value-add activities are performed. These examinations are at various stages with respect to assessments, claims, deficiencies and refunds, many of which are open for periods after fiscal 2000. We continually assess the likelihood and amount of potential adjustments and adjust the income tax provision, income taxes payable and deferred taxes in the period in which the facts giving rise to a revision become known. As of June 30, 2019,rate higher than we believe that adequate amountsis owed; such increase is not expected to have been reserved for baseda significant impact on facts known. However, the final determination of tax audits and any related legal proceedings could materially differ from amounts reflected in our income tax provision and the related accruals.provision.
Note 4. Capital Stock
Stock Repurchase Program. On July 26, 2018, we announced a stock repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase up to $30 billion of our common stock. The stock repurchase program has no expiration date.
In September 2018, we entered into three accelerated share repurchase agreements (ASR Agreements) with three financial institutions under which we paid an aggregate of $16.0 billion upfront and received an initial delivery of 178.4 million shares of our common stock, which were retired. The final number of shares to be repurchased will be based on the volume-weighted average stock price of our common stock during the terms of the transactions, less a discount and subject to adjustments pursuant to the terms and conditions of the ASR Agreements and will also be retired upon delivery to us. The ASR Agreements are scheduled to terminate in early September 2019, but may terminate earlier in certain circumstances. At settlement, one or more of the financial institutions may be required to deliver additional shares of common stock to us, or under certain circumstances, we may be required to deliver shares of common stock or make a cash payment to one or more of the financial institutions, with the method of settlement at our election.
In the ninesix months ended June 30,March 29, 2020 and March 31, 2019, and June 24, 2018, we repurchased and retired 17.729.3 million and 24.216.8 million shares for $1.1$2.3 billion and $1.4$1.0 billion, respectively, before commissions. To reflect share repurchases in the consolidated balance sheet, we (i) reduce common stock for the par value of the shares, (ii) reduce paid-in capital for the amount in excess of par to zero during the quarter in which the shares are repurchased and (iii) record the residual amount, if any, to retained earnings, if any.earnings. At June 30, 2019, $7.8March 29, 2020, $4.7 billion remained authorized for repurchase under our stock repurchase program.Subsequent to March 29, 2020, to maintain our financial liquidity position and flexibility, we suspended our stock repurchases, at least for the near-term, in light of COVID-19.
Dividends.Dividends. On March 10, 2020, we announced a 5% increase in our quarterly dividend per share of common stock from $0.62 to $0.65, which is effective for dividends payable after March 26, 2020.July 24, 2019,On April 21, 2020, we announced a cash dividend of $0.62$0.65 per share on our common stock, payable on September 26, 2019June 25, 2020 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on September 12, 2019.
Note 5. Debt
Revolving Credit Facility. We have an Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Facility (Revolving Credit Facility) that provides for unsecured revolving facility loans, swing line loans and letters of credit in an aggregate amount of up to $5.0 billion, of which $530 million and $4.47 billion will expire in February 2020 and November 2021, respectively. Proceeds from the Revolving Credit Facility, if drawn, are expected to be used for general corporate purposes. Loans under the Revolving Credit Facility will bear interest, at our option, at either the reserve-adjusted Eurocurrency Rate (determined in accordance with the Revolving Credit Facility) or the Base Rate (determined in accordance with the Revolving Credit Facility), in each case plus an applicable margin based on our long-term unsecured senior, non-credit enhanced debt ratings. The margins over the reserve-adjusted Eurocurrency Rate and the Base Rate will be 0.805% and 0.00%, respectively. The Revolving Credit Facility has a facility fee, which accrues at a rate of 0.07% per annum. At June 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, we had not borrowed any funds under the Revolving Credit Facility.
Commercial Paper Program. We have an unsecured commercial paper program, which provides for the issuance of up to $5.0 billion of commercial paper. Net proceeds from this program are used for general corporate purposes. Maturities of commercial paper can range from 1 day to up to 397 days. At June 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, we had $998 million and $1.0 billion, respectively, of outstanding commercial paper included in short-term debt with a weighted-average interest rate of 2.57% and 2.35%, respectively, which included fees paid to the commercial paper dealers, and weighted-average remaining days to maturity of 28 days and 16 days, respectively. The carrying value of the outstanding commercial paper approximated its estimated fair value at June 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018.4, 2020.
11

QUALCOMM Incorporated
QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

Long-term Debt. The following table provides a summary of our long-term debt (in millions, except percentages):
  June 30, 2019 September 30, 2018
  Amount 
Effective
Rate
 Amount 
Effective
Rate
May 2015 Notes       
 Floating-rate three-month LIBOR plus 0.55% notes due May 20, 2020$250
 3.13% $250
 2.93%
 Fixed-rate 2.25% notes due May 20, 20201,750
 2.84% 1,750
 3.13%
 Fixed-rate 3.00% notes due May 20, 20222,000
 3.16% 2,000
 3.73%
 Fixed-rate 3.45% notes due May 20, 20252,000
 3.46% 2,000
 3.46%
 Fixed-rate 4.65% notes due May 20, 20351,000
 4.73% 1,000
 4.73%
 Fixed-rate 4.80% notes due May 20, 20451,500
 4.72% 1,500
 4.72%
May 2017 Notes       
 Floating-rate three-month LIBOR plus 0.73% notes due January 30, 2023500
 3.38% 500
 3.14%
 Fixed-rate 2.60% notes due January 30, 20231,500
 2.70% 1,500
 2.70%
 Fixed-rate 2.90% notes due May 20, 20241,500
 3.01% 1,500
 3.01%
 Fixed-rate 3.25% notes due May 20, 20272,000
 3.46% 2,000
 3.46%
 Fixed-rate 4.30% notes due May 20, 20471,500
 4.47% 1,500
 4.47%
 Total principal15,500
   15,500
  
 Unamortized discount, including debt issuance costs(77)   (85)  
 Hedge accounting fair value adjustments5
   (50)  
 Total long-term debt$15,428
   $15,365
  
Reported as:       
 Short-term debt$2,002
   $—
  
 Long-term debt13,426
   15,365
  
 Total$15,428
   $15,365
  

At June 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, the aggregate fair value of the notes, based on Level 2 inputs, was approximately $16.1 billion and $15.1 billion, respectively.
We may redeem the outstanding fixed-rate notes at any time in whole, or from time to time in part, at specified make-whole premiums as defined in the applicable form of note. We may not redeem the outstanding floating-rate notes prior to maturity. The obligations under the notes rank equally in right of payment with all of our other senior unsecured indebtedness and will effectively rank junior to all liabilities of our subsidiaries.
At June 30, 2019, we had outstanding interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $1.8 billion related to the May 2015 Notes, which effectively converted approximately 43% and 50% of the fixed-rate notes due in 2020 and 2022, respectively, into floating-rate notes. The net gains and losses on the interest rate swaps, as well as the offsetting gains or losses on the related fixed-rate notes attributable to the hedged risks, are recorded as interest expense in the current period. We did not enter into interest rate swaps in connection with issuance of the May 2017 Notes.
The effective interest rates for the notes include the interest on the notes, amortization of the discount, which includes debt issuance costs, and if applicable, adjustments related to hedging. Interest is payable in arrears quarterly for the floating-rate notes and semi-annually for the fixed-rate notes. Cash interest paid related to our commercial paper program and long-term debt, net of cash received from the related interest rate swaps, was $516 million and $594 million in the nine months ended June 30, 2019 and June 24, 2018, respectively.
Debt Covenants. The Revolving Credit Facility requires that we comply with certain covenants, including one financial covenant to maintain a ratio of consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization to consolidated interest expense, as defined in each of the respective agreements, of not less than three to one at the end of each fiscal quarter. We are not subject to any financial covenants under the notes nor any covenants that would prohibit us from incurring additional indebtedness ranking equal to the notes, paying dividends, issuing securities or repurchasing securities issued by us or our subsidiaries. At June 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, we were in compliance with the applicable covenants under the Revolving Credit Facility.

QUALCOMM Incorporated(Unaudited)
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Earnings Per Common Share. Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the combination of the weighted-average number of dilutive common share equivalents, comprised of shares issuable under our share-based compensation plans and shares subject to accelerated share repurchase agreements, if any, and the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. The following table provides information about the diluted earnings per share calculation (in millions):

 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019
Dilutive common share equivalents included in diluted shares12.0  3.8  13.5  7.0  
Shares of common stock equivalents not included because the effect would be anti-dilutive or certain performance conditions were not satisfied at the end of the period0.2  17.2  0.2  14.4  
Note 6.5. Commitments and Contingencies
Legal and Regulatory Proceedings.
Apple Inc. v. QUALCOMM Incorporated,QUALCOMM Incorporated v. Compal Electronics, Inc. et al. and QUALCOMM Incorporated v. Apple Inc.: On April 16, 2019, we entered into settlement agreements with Apple and its contract manufacturers to dismiss all outstanding litigation between the parties. These matters and related financial guarantees either have been, or are in the process of being, dismissed or canceled.
3226701 Canada, Inc. v. QUALCOMM Incorporated et al: On November 30, 2015, a securities class action complaint was filed by purported stockholders of us in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California against us and certain of our current and former officers. On April 29, 2016, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. On January 27, 2017, the court dismissed the amended complaint in its entirety, granting leave to amend. On March 17, 2017, the plaintiffs filed a second amended complaint, alleging that we and certain of our current and former officers violated Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, by making false and misleading statements regarding our business outlook and product development between November 19, 2014 and July 22, 2015. The second amended complaint sought unspecified damages, interest, attorneys’ fees and other costs. On May 8, 2017, we filed a motion to dismiss the second amended complaint. On October 20, 2017, the court entered an order granting in part our motion to dismiss, and on November 29, 2017, the court entered an order granting the remaining portions of our motion to dismiss. On December 28, 2017, the plaintiffs filed an appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. A hearing was held on July 11, 2019, and on July 23, 2019, the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit affirmed the District Court’s dismissal of the second amended complaint in its entirety.
Consolidated Securities Class Action Lawsuit: On January 23, 2017 and January 26, 2017, securities class action complaints were filed by purported stockholders of us in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California against us and certain of our current and former officers and directors. The complaints alleged, among other things, that we violated Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Rule 10b-5 thereunder, by making false and misleading statements and omissions of material fact in connection with certain allegations that we are or were engaged in anticompetitive conduct. The complaints sought unspecified damages, interest, fees and costs. On May 4, 2017, the court consolidated the two actions and appointed lead plaintiffs. On July 3, 2017, the lead plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended complaint asserting the same basic theories of liability and requesting the same basic relief. On September 1, 2017, we filed a motion to dismiss the consolidated amended complaint. On March 18, 2019, the court denied our motion to dismiss the complaint. DiscoveryOn January 15, 2020, we filed a motion for judgment on the pleadings. The court has commenced and is scheduled to be completed by March 3, 2020.not yet ruled on our motion. We believe the plaintiffs’ claims are without merit.
In re Qualcomm/Broadcom Merger Securities Litigation (formerly Camp v. Qualcomm Incorporated et al):Litigation: On June 8, 2018 and June 26, 2018, securities class action complaints were filed by purported stockholders of us in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California against us and two of our current officers. The complaints allege,alleged, among other things, that we violated Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Rule 10b-5 thereunder, by failing to disclose that we had submitted a notice to the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) in January 2018. The complaints seeksought unspecified damages, interest, fees and costs. On January 22, 2019, the Courtcourt appointed the lead plaintiff in the action and designated that the case be captioned “In re Qualcomm/Broadcom Merger Securities Litigation.”action. On March 18, 2019, the plaintiffs filed a consolidated complaint.complaint asserting the same basic theories of liability and requesting the same basic relief. On May 10, 2019, we filed a motion to dismiss the consolidated complaint, and on March 10, 2020, the court granted our motion. The plaintiffs have until May 11, 2020 to file an amended complaint. A hearing on our motion to dismiss is scheduled for September 19, 2019. We believe the plaintiffs’ claims are without merit.
Consumer Class Action Lawsuit: Since January 18, 2017, a number of consumer class action complaints have been filed against us in the United States District Courts for the Southern and Northern Districts of California, each on behalf of a putative class of purchasers of cellular phones and other cellular devices. Twenty-twoCurrently, twenty-two such cases remainremained outstanding. In April 2017, the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation transferred the cases that had been filed in the Southern District of California to the Northern District of California. On May 15, 2017, the court entered an order appointing the plaintiffs’ co-lead counsel. On July 11, 2017, the plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended complaint alleging that we violated California and federal antitrust and unfair competition laws by, among other things, refusing to license standard-essential patents to our competitors, conditioning the supply of certain of our baseband chipsets on the purchaser first agreeing to license our entire patent portfolio, entering into exclusive deals with companies, including Apple Inc., and charging unreasonably high royalties that do not comply with our commitments to standard setting organizations. The complaint seeks unspecified damages and disgorgement and/or restitution, as well as an order that we be enjoined from further unlawful conduct. On August 11, 2017, we filed a motion to dismiss the consolidated amended complaint. On November 10, 2017, the court denied our motion,

QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

except to the extent that certain claims seek damages under the Sherman Antitrust Act. On July 5, 2018, the plaintiffs filed a motion for class certification, and the court granted that motion on September 27, 2018. On January 23, 2019, the Ninth CircuitUnited States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (Ninth Circuit) granted us
12

QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
permission to appeal the court’s class certification order. On January 24, 2019, the court stayed the case pending our appeal. On December 2, 2019, a hearing on our appeal of the class certification order was held before the Ninth Circuit. The Ninth Circuit has not yet ruled on our appeal. We believe the plaintiffs’ claims are without merit. 
Canadian Consumer Class Action Lawsuits: Since November 9, 2017, eight consumer class action complaints have been filed against us in Canada (in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice, the Supreme Court of British Columbia and the Quebec Superior Court), each on behalf of a putative class of purchasers of cellular phones and other cellular devices, alleging various violations of Canadian competition and consumer protection laws. The claims are similar to those in the U.S. consumer class action complaint. The complaints seek unspecified damages. One of the complaints in the Supreme Court of British Columbia has since been discontinued by the plaintiffs. We have not yet answered the complaints. OnWe expect the Ontario and British Columbia complaints will be consolidated into one proceeding in British Columbia with a class certification hearing no earlier than late 2020. Once the certification hearing is scheduled, we expect the court to set a timetable for the exchange of evidence and briefing. As to the complaint filed in Quebec, on April 15, 2019, the Quebec Superior Court held a class certification hearing, and on April 30, 2019, the court issued an order certifying a class. We are awaiting the court to set a timetable for pre-trial steps, including discovery, as well as the exchange of expert evidence. We do not expect the trial to occur before 2022. We believe the plaintiffs’ claims are without merit.
Korea Fair Trade Commission (KFTC) Complaint: On January 4, 2010, the KFTC issued a written decision finding that we violated Korean law by offering certain discounts and rebates for purchases of our CDMA chipsets and for including in certain agreements language requiring the continued payment of royalties after all licensed patents expired. The KFTC levied a fine of 273.2 billion Korean won (approximately $230 million), which we recorded as an expense in fiscal 2009 and paid in fiscal 2010. We appealed to the Seoul High Court, and on June 19, 2013, the Seoul High Court affirmed the KFTC’s decision. On July 4, 2013, we filed an appeal with the Korea Supreme Court. On January 31, 2019, the Korea Supreme Court reversed in part the decision of the Seoul High Court and remanded the case for further proceedings consistent with its decision. In March 2019, the KFTC refunded $56 million (including interest) to us, representing a portion of the fine we previously paid to the KFTC. In the second quarter of fiscal 2019, we recorded a gain of $43 million in other income and interest income of $13 million in investment and other income, net. In light of the Korea Supreme Court’s reversal in part of the decision of the Seoul High Court and the refund we received from the KFTC, on May 8, 2019, we filed to withdraw the case from the Seoul High Court. On May 19, 2019, the KFTC filed its consent to our withdrawal, ending the case as of that date.
Korea Fair Trade Commission (KFTC) Investigation: On March 17, 2015, the KFTC notified us that it was conducting an investigation of us relating to the Korean Monopoly Regulation and Fair Trade Act (MRFTA). On December 27, 2016, the KFTC announced that it had reached a decision in the investigation, finding that we violated provisions of the MRFTA. On January 22, 2017, we received the KFTC’s formal written decision, which found that the following conducts violate the MRFTA: (i) refusing to license, or imposing restrictions on licenses for, cellular communications standard-essential patents with competing modem chipset makers; (ii) conditioning the supply of modem chipsets to handset suppliers on their execution and performance of license agreements with us; and (iii) coercing agreement terms including portfolio license terms, royalty terms and free cross-grant terms in executing patent license agreements with handset makers. The KFTC’s decision orders us to: (i)(a) upon request by modem chipset companies, engage in good-faith negotiations for patent license agreements, without offering unjustifiable conditions, and if necessary submit to a determination of terms by an independent third party; (ii)(b) not demand that handset companies execute and perform under patent license agreements as a precondition for purchasing modem chipsets; (iii)(c) not demand unjustifiable conditions in our license agreements with handset companies, and upon request renegotiate existing patent license agreements; and (iv)(d) notify modem chipset companies and handset companies of the decision and order imposed on us and report to the KFTC new or amended agreements. According to the KFTC’s decision, the foregoing will apply to transactions between us and the following enterprises: (i)(1) handset manufacturers headquartered in Korea and their affiliate companies; (ii)(2) enterprises that sell handsets in or to Korea and their affiliate companies; (iii)(3) enterprises that supply handsets to companies referred to in (ii)(2) above and the affiliate companies of such enterprises; (iv)(4) modem chipset manufacturers headquartered in Korea and their affiliate companies; and (v)(5) enterprises that supply modem chipsets to companies referred to in (i)(1), (ii)(2) or (iii)(3) above and the affiliate companies of such enterprises. The KFTC’s decision also imposed a fine of 1.03 trillion Korean Wonwon (approximately $927 million), which we paid on March 30, 2017.
We believe that our business practices do not violate the MRFTA, and onMRFTA. On February 21, 2017, we filed an action in the Seoul High Court to cancel the KFTC’s decision. OnThe Seoul High Court held hearings concluding on August 14, 2019 and, on December 4, 2019, announced its judgment affirming certain portions of the same day, we filed an application withKFTC’s decision and finding other portions of the KFTC’s decision unlawful. The Seoul High Court cancelled the KFTC’s remedial orders described in (c) above, and solely insofar as they correspond thereto, the Seoul High Court to staycancelled the decision’sKFTC’s remedial order pending theorders described in (d) above. The Seoul High Court’s final judgment onCourt dismissed the remainder of our action to cancel the KFTC’s decision. On September 4, 2017, the Seoul High Court denied our applicationDecember 19, 2019, we filed a notice of appeal to stay the remedial order, and on November 27, 2017, the Korea Supreme Court dismissed our appeal of the Seoul High Court’s decision on the application to stay. Hearings on our action to cancel the KFTC’s decision are scheduled to be held before the Seoul High Court on August 12 and 14, 2019. Under the current procedural planchallenging those portions of the Seoul High Court decision that are not in our favor. The KFTC filed a notice of appeal to the Korea Supreme Court challenging the portions of the Seoul High Court decision that are not in its favor. Both we believe these will beand the final hearings beforeKFTC have filed briefs on the merits. The Korea Supreme Court has not yet ruled on our appeal or that court issues its decision.of the KFTC.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

Icera Complaint to the European Commission (EC): On June 7, 2010, the EC notified and provided us with a redacted copy of a complaint filed with the EC by Icera, Inc. (subsequently acquired by Nvidia Corporation) alleging that we were engaged in anticompetitive activity. On July 16, 2015, the EC announced that it had initiated formal proceedings in this matter. On December 8, 2015, the EC announced that it had issued a Statement of Objections expressing its preliminary view that between 2009 and 2011, we were engaged in predatory pricing by selling certain baseband chipsets to two customers at prices below cost, with the intention of hindering competition. On August 15, 2016, we submitted our response to the Statement of Objections. On July 19, 2018, the EC announced that it had issued a Supplementary Statement of Objections which focuses on certain elements of the “price-cost” test applied by the EC to assess the extent to which we sold certain baseband chipsets allegedly below cost. On October 22, 2018, we submitted our response to the Supplementary Statement of Objections. On January 10, 2019, the EC held a hearing regarding the Supplementary Statement of Objections and our response to it. On July 18, 2019, the EC issued a decision confirming their preliminary view that between 2009 and 2011, we engaged in predatory pricing with respectby selling certain baseband chipsets to two customers at prices below cost with the intention of hindering competition and imposed a fine of approximately 242 million Euros (approximately $275 million based on the exchange rate at June 30, 2019), which was recorded as a charge to other expenses in the third quarter of fiscal 2019. We intend to fileeuros. On October 1, 2019, we filed an appeal of the
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(Unaudited)
EC’s decision with the General Court of the European Union. We intend to provide financial guarantees to satisfy the obligation in lieu of a cash payment duringThe court has not yet ruled on our appeal. We believe that our business practices do not violate the EUEuropean Union (EU) competition rules.
In the third quarter of fiscal 2019, we recorded a charge of $275 million to other expenses related to this EC fine. We provided a financial guarantee in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 to satisfy the obligation in lieu of cash payment while we appeal the EC’s decision. The fine is accruing interest at a rate of 1.50% per annum while it is outstanding. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019, we designated the liability as a hedge of our net investment in certain foreign subsidiaries, with gains and losses recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income as a component of the foreign currency translation adjustment. At March 29, 2020, the liability, including related foreign currency gains and accrued interest (which, to the extent they were not related to the net investment hedge, were recorded in investment and other (expense) income, net), was $272 million and included in other current liabilities.
European Commission (EC) Investigation: On October 15, 2014, the EC notified us that it was conducting an investigation of us relating to Articles 101 and/or 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). On July 16, 2015, the EC announced that it had initiated formal proceedings in this matter. On December 8, 2015,January 24, 2018, the EC announced that it had issued a Statement of Objections expressing its preliminary viewdecision finding that pursuant to an agreement with Apple Inc., since 2011, we paid significant amounts to Apple on the condition that it exclusively use our baseband chipsets in its smartphones and tablets. This conduct allegedly reducedtablets, reducing Apple’s incentives to source baseband chipsets from our competitors and harmedharming competition and innovation for certain baseband chipsets. On January 24, 2018, the EC issued a decision finding that certain terms of that agreement violate EU competition lawchipsets, and imposed a fine of 997 million Euros.euros. On April 6, 2018, we filed an appeal of the EC’s decision with the General Court of the European Union. The court has not yet ruled on our appeal. We believe that our business practices do not violate the EU competition rules.
In the first quarter of fiscal 2018, we recorded a charge of $1.2 billion to other expenses related to suchthis EC fine. We provided financial guarantees in the third quarter of fiscal 2018 to satisfy the obligation in lieu of cash payment while we appeal the EC’s decision. The fine is accruing interest at a rate of 1.50% per annum while it is outstanding. AsIn the first quarter of October 1, 2018,fiscal 2019, we have designated the liability as a hedge of our net investment in certain foreign subsidiaries, with gains and losses recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income as a component of the foreign currency translation adjustment. At June 30, 2019,March 29, 2020, the liability, including related foreign currency gains and accrued interest (which, to the extent they were not related to the net investment hedge, were recorded in investment and other (expense) income, net), was $1.16$1.1 billion and included in other current liabilities.
European Commission (EC) Investigation regarding Radio Frequency Front Ends (RFFE): On December 3, 2019, we received a Request for Information from the EC notifying us that it is investigating whether we engaged in anti-competitive behavior in the European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) by leveraging our market position in 5G baseband processors in the RFFE space. We have responded to the Request for Information. If a violation is found, a broad range of remedies is potentially available to the EC, including imposing a fine (of up to 10% of our annual revenues) and/or injunctive relief prohibiting or restricting certain business practices. It is difficult to predict the outcome of this matter or what remedies, if any, may be imposed by the EC. We believe that our business practices do not violate the EU competition rules.
United States Federal Trade Commission (FTC) v. QUALCOMM Incorporated: On September 17, 2014, the FTC notified us that it was conducting an investigation of us relating to Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act (FTCA). On January 17, 2017, the FTC filed a complaint against us in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California alleging that we were engaged in anticompetitive conduct and unfair methods of competition in violation of Section 5 of the FTCA by conditioning the supply of cellular modem chipsets on the purchaser first agreeing to a license to our cellular standard-essential patents, paying incentives to purchasers of cellular modem chipsets to induce them to accept certain license terms, refusing to license our cellular standard-essential patents to our competitors and entering into alleged exclusive dealing arrangements with Apple Inc. The complaint sought a permanent injunction against our alleged violations of the FTCA and other unspecified ancillary equitable relief. 
On August 30, 2018, the FTC moved for partial summary judgment that our commitments to license our cellular standard-essential patents to the Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS) and the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) require us to make licenses available to rival sellers of cellular modem chipsets. On November 6, 2018, the court granted the FTC’s partial summary judgment motion. Trial was held January 4-29, 2019.
On May 21, 2019, the court issued an Order setting forth its Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law. The court concluded that we had monopoly power in the CDMA and premium-tier LTELong Term Evolution (LTE) cellular modem chip markets, and that we had used that power in these two markets to engage in anticompetitive acts, including (1) using threats of lack of access to cellular modem chip supply to coerce OEMs to accept license terms that include unreasonably high royalty rates; (2) refusing to license our cellular standard-essential patents to competitors selling cellular modem chips; and (3) entering into exclusive
14

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

(3) entering into exclusive dealing arrangements with OEMs that foreclosed our rivals. The court further found that the royalties we charge OEMs are unreasonably high and reflect the use of our monopoly power over CDMA and premium-tier LTE cellular modem chips rather than just the value of our patents. The court concluded that our unreasonably high royalties constitute an anticompetitive surcharge on cellular modem chips sold by our competitors, which increases the effective price of our competitors’ cellular modem chips, reduces their margins and results in exclusivity. The court also found that our practice of not licensing competitors’ cellular modem chips violated our commitments to certain standard-development organizations and a duty under the antitrust laws to license competing cellular modem chip makers and helped us maintain our royalties at unreasonably high levels. Finally, the court found that incentive funds entered into with certain OEMs further harmed competing cellular modem chip makers’ ability to undermine our monopoly position, prevented rivals from entering the market and restricted the sales of those competitors that do enter. The court concluded that the combined effect of our conduct, together with our monopoly power, harmed the competitive process.
The court imposed the following injunctive relief: (1) we must not condition the supply of cellular modem chips on a customer’s patent license status, and we must negotiate or renegotiate license terms with customers in good faith under conditions free from the threat of lack of access to or discriminatory provision of cellular modem chip supply or associated technical support or access to software; (2) we must make exhaustive cellular standard-essential patent licenses available to cellular modem chip suppliers on fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory (FRAND) terms and submit, as necessary, to arbitral or judicial dispute resolution to determine such terms; (3) we may not enter into express or de facto exclusive dealing agreements for the supply of cellular modem chips; and (4) we may not interfere with the ability of any customer to communicate with a government agency about a potential law enforcement or regulatory matter. The court also ordered us to submit to compliance and monitoring procedures for a period of seven years and to report to the FTC on an annual basis regarding our compliance with the above remedies.
We disagree with the court’s conclusions, interpretation of the facts and application of the law. Accordingly, on May 28, 2019, we filed a Motion to Stay Pending Appeal in the court, which was denied on July 3, 2019. On May 31, 2019, we filed with the court a Notice of Appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (Ninth Circuit). On July 8, 2019, we filed a Motion for Partial Stay of Injunction Pending Appeal and a Consent Motion to Expedite Appeal in the Ninth Circuit. On August 23, 2019, the Ninth Circuit granted our Motion. Thus, pending the resolution of the appeal in the Ninth Circuit or until further order of the Ninth Circuit, the portions of the court’s injunction requiring that we must (i) make exhaustive cellular standard-essential patent licenses available to cellular modem chip suppliers and (ii) not condition the supply of cellular modem chips on a customer’s patent license status and must negotiate or renegotiate license terms with customers are stayed. On July 10, 2019, the Ninth Circuit granted our Motion to Expedite Appeal and we expect briefing to be completed before. On February 13, 2020, the end of the calendar year. The Partial Stay motion is pending.Ninth Circuit heard oral argument, but has not yet ruled on our appeal.
Contingent losses and other considerations: We will continue to vigorously defend ourself in the foregoing matters. However, litigation and investigations are inherently uncertain, and we face difficulties in evaluating or estimating likely outcomes or ranges of possible loss in antitrust and trade regulation investigations in particular. Other than with respect to the EC fines, we have not0t recorded any accrual at June 30, 2019March 29, 2020 for contingent losses associated with these matters based on our belief that losses, while possible, are not probable. Further, any possible range of loss cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. The unfavorable resolution of one or more of these matters could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. We are engaged in numerous other legal actions not described above arising in the ordinary course of our business and, while there can be no assurance, believe that the ultimate outcome of these other legal actions will not have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
Indemnifications. We generally do not indemnify our customers, licensees and licenseessuppliers for losses sustained from infringement of third-party intellectual property rights. However, we are contingently liable under certain product sales, services, license and other agreements to defend and/or indemnify certain customers, chipset foundrieslicensees and semiconductor assembly and test service providerssuppliers against certain types of liability and/or damages arising from qualifying claimsthe infringement of patent, copyright, trademark or trade secret infringement by products or services sold or provided by us, or bythird-party intellectual property provided by us to chipset foundries and semiconductor assembly and test service providers.rights. Our obligations under these agreements may be limited in terms of time and/or amount, and in some instances, we may have recourse against third parties for certain payments made by us.
Through June 30, 2019, we have received a number of claims from our directClaims and indirect customers and other third parties for indemnification under such agreements with respect to alleged infringement of third-party intellectual property rights by our products. Reimbursementsreimbursements under indemnification arrangements have not been material to our consolidated financial statements. At March 29, 2020, accruals for contingent liabilities associated with these indemnification arrangements were negligible. We have not recorded any accrualaccruals for contingent liabilities at June 30, 2019 associated with thesecertain claims under indemnification arrangements based on our belief that additional liabilities, while possible, are not probable. Further, any possible range of loss cannot be reasonably estimated at this time.
15
Purchase Obligations and Operating Leases. We have agreements with suppliers and other parties to purchase inventory, other goods and services and long-lived assets. Integrated circuit product inventory obligations represent purchase commitments for raw materials, semiconductor die, finished goods and manufacturing services, such as wafer bump, probe,

QUALCOMM Incorporated
QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

assembly and final test. Under our manufacturing relationships with our foundry suppliers and assembly and test service providers, cancelation of outstanding purchase commitments is generally allowed but requires payment of costs incurred through the date of cancelation, and in some cases, incremental fees related to capacity underutilization. Operating Leases. We lease certain of our land, facilities and equipment under noncancelable operating leases, with terms ranging from less than one year to 1520 years, some of which include options to extend for up to 20 years. At March 29, 2020, other assets included $475 million of operating lease assets, with corresponding lease liabilities of $132 million recorded in other current liabilities and $389 million recorded in other liabilities.
Operating lease expense for the three and six months ended March 29, 2020 was $44 million and $88 million, respectively, and $35 million and $72 million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2019, respectively. Cash paid under our operating leases was $74 million for the six months ended March 29, 2020. As of March 29, 2020, the weighted-average remaining lease term and weighted-average discount rate for operating leases were 6.0 years and with provisions in certain leases for cost-of-living increases.4%, respectively.
ObligationsAt March 29, 2020, future lease payments under our purchase agreements, which primarily relate to integrated circuit product inventory obligations, and operating leases were as follows (in millions):
Operating Leases
Remainder of fiscal 2020$76  
2021130  
2022109  
202366  
202447  
Thereafter172  
Total future lease payments600  
Imputed interest(79) 
Total lease liability balance$521  
At September 29, 2019,future minimum lease payments under our noncancelable operating leases at June 30, 2019under ASC 840 were as follows (in millions):
 Purchase Obligations Operating Leases
Remainder of fiscal 2019$2,249
 $42
2020890
 123
2021308
 95
2022111
 66
202353
 28
Thereafter17
 45
Total$3,628
 $399

Other Commitments. At June 30, 2019, we committed to fund certain strategic investments up to $194 million, of which $30 million is expected to be funded in the remainder of fiscal 2019. The remaining commitments do not have fixed funding dates and are subject to certain conditions. Commitments represent the maximum amounts to be funded under these arrangements; actual funding may be in lesser amounts or not at all.
Operating Leases
2020$138  
202197  
202266  
202331  
202418  
Thereafter35  
Total$385  
Note 7.6. Segment Information
We are organized on the basis of products and services and have three reportable segments. We conduct business primarily through our QCT (Qualcomm CDMA Technologies) semiconductor business and our QTL (Qualcomm Technology Licensing) licensing business. QCT develops and supplies integrated circuits and system software based on CDMA, OFDMA and other technologies for use in mobile devices, wireless networks, devices used in the Internet of Things (IoT), broadband gateway equipment, consumer electronic devices and automotive telematics and infotainment systems. QTL grants licenses to use portions of our intellectual property portfolio, which includes certain patent rights essential to and/or useful in the manufacture, sale or use of certain wireless products. Our QSI (Qualcomm Strategic Initiatives) reportable segment makes strategic investments and includes revenues and related costs associated with development contracts with an equity method investee. We also have nonreportable segments, including QualcommQGOV (Qualcomm Government Technologies or QGOV (formerly Qualcomm Cyber Security Solutions)Technologies) and other wireless technology and service initiatives.
We evaluate the performance of our segments based on earnings (loss) before income taxes (EBT). In fiscal 2018, allSegment EBT includes the allocation of certain corporate expenses to the costssegments, including depreciation and amortization expense related to pre-commercial research and development of 5G technologies, of which we recorded $124 million and $340 million in the third quarter and first nine months of fiscal 2018, respectively, were included in unallocated corporate researchassets. Certain income and development expenses. Beginningcharges are not allocated to segments in our management reports because they are not considered in evaluating the first quarter of fiscal 2019, all researchsegments’ operating performance. Unallocated income and development costs associated with 5G technologies are included in segment results. Additionally, beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2019,charges include certain interest expense, certain net investment income, certain share-based compensation, gains and losses on our deferred compensation plan liabilities and related assets and certain research and development costs associated with early researchdevelopment expenses, selling, general and development that were historically included in our QCT segment are allocated to our QTL segment. The net effect of these changes negatively impacted QTL’s EBT by $127 million and $368 million in the third quarter and first nine months of fiscal 2019, respectively. QCT’s EBT was positively impacted by $53 million and $97 million in the third quarter and first nine months of fiscal 2019, respectively.
During the first quarter of fiscal 2019, we combined our Small Cells business, which sells products designed for the implementation of small cells to address the challenge of meeting the increased demand for mobile data, into our QCT segment. Revenues and operating results related to the Small Cells business were included in nonreportable segments through the end of fiscal 2018. Prior period segment information has not been adjusted to conform to the new segment presentation as such adjustments are insignificant.
16

QUALCOMM Incorporated
QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

administrative expenses and other expenses or income that were deemed to be not directly related to the businesses of the segments. Additionally, unallocated charges include recognition of the step-up of inventories and property, plant and equipment to fair value, amortization of certain intangible assets and certain other acquisition-related charges, third-party acquisition and integration services costs and certain other items, which may include major restructuring and restructuring-related costs, goodwill and long-lived asset impairment charges and litigation settlements and/or damages.
The table below presents revenues, EBT and total assets for reportable segments (in millions):
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019
Revenues
QCT$4,100  $3,722  $7,719  $7,461  
QTL1,072  1,122  2,477  2,141  
QSI10  98  30  125  
Reconciling items34  40  66  97  
Total$5,216  $4,982  $10,292  $9,824  
EBT
QCT$667  $542  $1,145  $1,140  
QTL671  674  1,689  1,264  
QSI(208) 17  (210) 25  
Reconciling items(532) (427) (1,079) (1,063) 
Total$598  $806  $1,545  $1,366  
March 29,
2020		September 29,
2019
Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018
Revenues       
AssetsAssets
QCT$3,567
 $4,087
 $11,028
 $12,635
QCT$3,286  $2,307  
QTL1,292
 1,443
 3,433
 3,930
QTL1,465  1,541  
QSI18
 20
 143
 80
QSI1,281  1,708  
Reconciling items4,758
 27
 4,855
 188
Reconciling items25,906  27,401  
Total$9,635
 $5,577
 $19,459
 $16,833
Total$31,938  $32,957  
EBT       
QCT$504
 $607
 $1,644
 $2,170
QTL898
 1,027
 2,162
 2,691
QSI312
 (7) 337
 44
Reconciling items3,787
 (693) 2,724
 (3,712)
Total$5,501
 $934
 $6,867
 $1,193
       
Segment assets are comprised of accounts receivable and inventories for all reportable segments other than QSI. QSI segment assets include certain non-marketable equity instruments, receivables and other investments. Total segment assets differ from total assets on a consolidated basis as a result of unallocated corporate assets primarily comprised of certain cash, cash equivalents, marketable and non-marketable securities, property, plant and equipment, deferred tax assets, goodwill, intangible assets, operating lease assets, noncurrent income taxes receivables, deferred compensation plan assets and assets of nonreportable segments.
QCT accounts receivable increased by 75% in the first six months of fiscal 2020 from $908 million to $1.59 billion, primarily driven by an increase in revenues combined with the timing of integrated circuit shipments during the quarter and a decrease in the relative proportion of customer incentive arrangements that are recorded in accounts receivable. QCT inventories increased by 21% in the first six months of fiscal 2020 from $1.40 billion to $1.70 billion, primarily driven by the ramp in 5G.
At March 29, 2020, 26% of total accounts receivable included royalties from Guangdong OPPO Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. (Oppo) and BBK Communication Technology Co., Ltd. (vivo) (who were previously disclosed as two key Chinese licensees), primarily from sales made in the last four fiscal quarters (including amounts that are not yet due) under license agreements that expired on March 31, 2020. We entered into new long-term, world-wide patent license agreements with these licensees, effective as of April 1, 2020, covering 3G/4G/5G multimode devices. We also reached agreements with these licensees to provide for payment of amounts due under the license agreements that expired on March 31, 2020 and for which certain of such amounts for prior periods were withheld while good faith negotiations
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QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
 June 30,
2019		 September 30,
2018
Assets   
QCT$2,608
 $3,041
QTL1,535
 1,472
QSI1,703
 1,279
Reconciling items28,287
 26,926
Total$34,133
 $32,718
occurred. The licensees have agreed to make full payment in the near term according to agreed upon payment schedules. These licensees/customers continue to make timely payments on purchases of integrated circuit products. NaN reversals of revenues were recognized in the second quarter of fiscal 2020 as a result of these agreements.

QSI segment assets, which primarily consist of non-marketable and marketable equity investments, decreased by 25% in the first six months of fiscal 2020 from $1.71 billion to $1.28 billion, primarily due to certain impairment losses on other investments (Note 2) and the sale of certain marketable equity investments.
Reconciling items for revenues and EBT in the previous table were as follows (in millions):
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018
Revenues       
Nonreportable segments$35
 $77
 $132
 $238
Other unallocated revenues4,723
 (50) 4,723
 (50)
 $4,758
 $27
 $4,855
 $188
EBT       
Other unallocated revenues$4,723
 $(50) $4,723
 $(50)
Unallocated cost of revenues(103) (135) (321) (362)
Unallocated research and development expenses(307) (293) (645) (844)
Unallocated selling, general and administrative expenses(139) (60) (285) (480)
Unallocated other expenses (Note 2)(277) (112) (408) (1,605)
Unallocated interest expense(158) (208) (471) (556)
Unallocated investment and other income, net58
 255
 188
 461
Nonreportable segments(10) (90) (57) (276)
 $3,787
 $(693) $2,724
 $(3,712)

Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019
Revenues
Nonreportable segments$34  $40  $66  $97  
$34  $40  $66  $97  
EBT
Unallocated cost of revenues$(84) $(104) $(175) $(218) 
Unallocated research and development expenses(216) (190) (475) (337) 
Unallocated selling, general and administrative expenses(56) (84) (172) (148) 
Unallocated other income (expenses) (Note 2)23  18  23  (130) 
Unallocated interest expense(145) (159) (293) (313) 
Unallocated investment and other (expense) income, net(30) 109  52  130  
Nonreportable segments(24) (17) (39) (47) 
$(532) $(427) $(1,079) $(1,063) 

QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

Other unallocated revenues in the three and nine months ended June 30, 2019 were comprised of licensing revenues resulting from the settlement with Apple and its contract manufacturers (Note 6) and were not allocated to our segments in our management reports because they were not considered in evaluating segment results.
Unallocated acquisition-related expenses were comprised as follows (in millions):
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018
Cost of revenues$96
 $127
 $298
 $335
Research and development expenses1
 2
 3
 5
Selling, general and administrative expenses9
 20
 22
 310

Note 8. Cost Plan
In the second quarter of fiscal 2018, we announced a Cost Plan designed to align our cost structure to our long-term margin targets. As part of this plan, we initiated a series of targeted actions across our businesses with the objective to reduce annual costs by $1 billion, excluding incremental costs resulting from any future acquisition of a business. Actions taken under this plan have been completed and have resulted in us achieving substantially all of this target in fiscal 2019 based on our run rate exiting the second quarter of fiscal 2019, excluding litigation costs that are in excess of the baseline spend.
During the nine months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded net restructuring and restructuring-related charges related to our Cost Plan of $207 million in other expenses. This consisted of restructuring-related charges of $151 million, primarily related to asset impairment charges (and included a $52 million net gain from the sale of certain assets related to wireless electric vehicle charging applications and the sale of our mobile health nonreportable segment), and restructuring charges of $56 million, primarily related to severance and consulting costs. Since inception of the Cost Plan, we have incurred a total of $894 million in net restructuring and restructuring-related charges. The remaining restructuring and restructuring-related charges to be incurred related to the plan are expected to be negligible.
The restructuring accrual, a portion of which was included in payroll and other benefits related liabilities with the remainder included in other current liabilities, is expected to be substantially paid within the next 12 months. At June 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, the restructuring accrual was $21 million and $83 million, respectively.
Note 9.7. Fair Value Measurements
The following table presents our fair value hierarchy for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at June 30, 2019March 29, 2020 (in millions):
 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets       
Cash equivalents$8,135
 $4,000
 $—
 $12,135
Marketable securities:       
Corporate bonds and notes—
 19
 —
 19
Auction rate securities—
 —
 35
 35
Equity securities417
 —
 —
 417
Total marketable securities417
 19
 35
 471
Derivative instruments—
 19
 —
 19
Other investments415
 —
 64
 479
Total assets measured at fair value$8,967
 $4,038
 $99
 $13,104
Liabilities       
Derivative instruments$—
 $4
 $—
 $4
Other liabilities415
 —
 41
 456
Total liabilities measured at fair value$415
 $4
 $41
 $460

Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets    
Cash equivalents$2,898  $4,529  $—  $7,427  
Marketable securities:    
U.S. Treasury securities and government-related securities—  3  —  3  
Corporate bonds and notes—  1,253  —  1,253  
Mortgage- and asset-backed and auction rate securities—  48  33  81  
Equity securities239  —  —  239  
Total marketable securities239  1,304  33  1,576  
Derivative instruments—  9  —  9  
Other investments404  —  39  443  
Total assets measured at fair value$3,541  $5,842  $72  $9,455  
Liabilities    
Derivative instruments$—  $29  $—  $29  
Other liabilities405  —  39  444  
Total liabilities measured at fair value$405  $29  $39  $473  
Activity between Levelswithin Level 3 of the Fair Value Hierarchy. There were no transfers of marketable securities into or out of Level 3 during the nine months ended June 30, 2019 and June 24, 2018. Other investments and other liabilities included in Level 3 at March 29, 2020 were comprised of non-marketable debt instruments and contingent consideration related to business combinations, respectively. Activity for marketable securities, other investments and other liabilities classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy was insignificant during the six months ended March 29, 2020, which was primarily related to
18

QUALCOMM Incorporated
QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

Level 3 at June 30, 2019 were comprisedimpairments of certain of our non-marketable debt instruments issued by private companies(Note 2) and contingent considerationpurchases of non-marketable debt instruments, and the six months ended March 31, 2019, which was primarily related to business combinations, respectively. There were no transfersthe issuance of a non-marketable debt instruments or contingent consideration amounts into or out of Level 3 during the nine months ended June 30, 2019 and June 24, 2018.instrument by a private company.
Assets Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis. We measure certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These assets and liabilities include equity method and non-marketable equity investments, assets acquired and liabilities assumed in an acquisition or in a nonmonetary exchange, and property, plant and equipment and intangible assets that are written down to fair value when they are held for sale or determined to be impaired. During the ninesix months ended June 30,March 29, 2020, certain of our non-marketable equity investments were written down to their estimated fair values, which was recorded as a component of impairment losses on other investments in investment and other expense, net (Note 2). For a significant portion of these impairments, the estimated fair values resulted in a full write-off of the carrying values. The estimation of fair values was judgmental in nature and involved the use of significant estimates and assumptions. We determined these fair value measurements primarily using a market approach and key inputs and assumptions included estimated market value of assets, ability of investees to access additional financing or otherwise continue as a going concern and liquidation and other rights of the securities we hold.
During the six months ended March 31, 2019, certain intangible assets and goodwill were written down to their estimated fair values (Note 8).values. We also measured certain non-marketable equity securities received as non-cash consideration at fair value on a nonrecurring basis (Note 2). basis. We determined these fair value measurements using market and income approaches and key inputs and assumptions included projected cash flows, estimated selling prices, volatility and the rights of the securities we hold.
The estimation of fair value required the use of significant unobservable inputs, and as a result, the fair value measurements were classified as Level 3. During the ninesix months ended June 30,March 29, 2020 and March 31, 2019, and June 24, 2018, we did not have any other significant assets or liabilities that were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.
Note 10.8. Marketable Securities
We classify marketable securities as current or noncurrent based on the nature of the securities and their availability for use in current operations. Our marketable securities were comprised as follows (in millions):
 Current Noncurrent (1)
 June 30,
2019		 September 30,
2018		 June 30,
2019		 September 30,
2018
Available-for-sale debt securities:       
Corporate bonds and notes$19
 $144
 $—
 $—
Auction rate securities—
 —
 35
 35
Total available-for-sale debt securities19
 144
 35
 35
Equity securities416
 167
 1
 —
Total marketable securities$435
 $311
 $36
 $35

CurrentNoncurrent (1)
March 29,
2020		September 29,
2019		March 29,
2020		September 29,
2019
Available-for-sale debt securities:    
U.S. Treasury securities and government-related securities$3  $—  $—  $—  
Corporate bonds and notes1,253  4  —  —  
Mortgage- and asset-backed and auction rate securities48  —  33  35  
Total available-for-sale debt securities1,304  4  33  35  
Equity securities239  417  —  1  
Total marketable securities$1,543  $421  $33  $36  
(1) Noncurrent marketable securities were included in other assets.
The contractual maturities of available-for-sale marketable debt securities were as follows (in millions):
 June 30,
2019
Years to Maturity 
Less than one year$19
No single maturity date35
Total$54
March 29,
2020
Years to Maturity
Less than one year$813 
One to five years443 
No single maturity date81 
Total$1,337 
Debt securities with no single maturity date included mortgage- and asset-backed securities and auction rate securities.
During the three and nine months ended June 30, 2019, there were no realized gains or losses on sales of available-for-sale debt securities, and during the three months ended June 24, 2018, gross realized gains and losses were negligible. During the nine months ended June 24, 2018, gross realized gains and losses were $15 million and negligible, respectively. As of June 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale debt securities were negligible. As of September 30, 2018, available-for-sale securities also included equity securities with a fair value of $167 million, including an unrealized gain of $63 million.
19
Note 11. Revision of Prior Period Financial Statements
We revised certain prior period financial statements for an immaterial error related to the recognition of certain royalty revenues of our QTL segment (Note 1). A summary of revisions to our previously reported financial statements presented herein for comparative purposes is included below (in millions, except per share data).

QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

Revised Consolidated Balance Sheet.
 As of September 30, 2018
 As reported Adjustment As revised
Deferred tax assets (non-current)$904
 $32
 $936
Total assets32,686
 32
 32,718
Other current liabilities6,825
 153
 6,978
Total current liabilities11,236
 153
 11,389
Total liabilities31,758
 153
 31,911
Retained earnings663
 (121) 542
Total stockholders’ equity928
 (121) 807
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity32,686
 32
 32,718
Revised Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 Three Months Ended June 24, 2018 Nine Months Ended June 24, 2018
 As reported Adjustment As revised As reported Adjustment As revised
Licensing revenues$1,489
 $(22) $1,467
 $4,178
 $(95) $4,083
Total revenues5,599
 (22) 5,577
 16,928
 (95) 16,833
Operating income925
 (22) 903
 1,395
 (95) 1,300
Income before income taxes956
 (22) 934
 1,288
 (95) 1,193
Income tax benefit (expense)263
 5
 268
 (5,659) 15
 (5,644)
Net income (loss)1,219
 (17) 1,202
 (4,371) (80) (4,451)
Basic earnings (loss) per share0.82
 (0.01) 0.81
 (2.96) (0.05) (3.01)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share0.82
 (0.01) 0.81
 (2.96) (0.05) (3.01)
Revised Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
 Three Months Ended June 24, 2018 Nine Months Ended June 24, 2018
 As reported Adjustment As revised As reported Adjustment As revised
Net income (loss)$1,219
 $(17) $1,202
 $(4,371) $(80) $(4,451)
Total comprehensive income (loss)997
 (17) 980
 (4,432) (80) (4,512)
Revised Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.
We revised our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended June 24, 2018 for this correction, which had no impact to net cash provided by operating activities in the period.

QUALCOMM Incorporated
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

 Nine Months Ended June 24, 2018
 As reported Reclassification adjustment (1) Revision adjustment As revised
Operating Activities:       
Net loss$(4,371) $—
 $(80) $(4,451)
Income tax provision in excess of (less than) income tax payments4,973
 —
 (15) 4,958
Other items, net25
 (71) —
 (46)
Other assets90
 (18) —
 72
Payroll, benefits and other liabilities1,514
 89
 95
 1,698
Net cash provided by operating activities4,331
 —
 —
 4,331
(1) Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
Revised Segment Information.
QTL segment results were revised for this correction (Note 7), which resulted in a decrease in QTL revenues and EBT (earnings before income taxes) of $22 million and $95 million for the three and nine months ended June 24, 2018, respectively.



ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This information should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in “Part I, Item 1” of this Quarterly Report and with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for the fiscal year ended September 30, 201829, 2019 contained in our 20182019 Annual Report on Form 10-K. We have revised our prior period financial statements to reflect the correction of an immaterial error as described in this Quarterly Report in “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 1, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies Update” and “Note 11. Revision of Prior Period Financial Statements.”
This Quarterly Report (including but not limited to this section regardingentitled Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations) contains forward-looking statements regarding our business, investments, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Additionally,Forward-looking statements concerning future matters thatalso include but are not historical are forward-lookinglimited to statements suchregarding the rapid, global spread of the recent coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, and its potential future impact on the global economy, including the potential for a global recession; economic uncertainty and consumer and business confidence; demand for devices that incorporate our products and intellectual property; our and the global wireless industry’s supply chains, transportation and distribution networks and workforces; 5G network deployments; and our business, revenues, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition; as well as statements regarding our expectations concerning:planning assumptions, workforce practices, the duration and severity of the pandemic, and government and other actions to mitigate the spread of, and to treat, COVID-19. Forward-looking statements further include but are not limited to statements regarding industry, market, business, product, technology, commercial, competitive or consumer trends; our businesses, growth potential or strategies, or factors that may impact them; challenges to our licensing business, including by licensees, customers, governments, governmental agencies or regulators, standards bodies or others; challenges to our QCT business; other legal or regulatory matters; competition; product or technology trends; new or expanded product areas, adjacent industry segments or applications; costs or expenditures including research and development, selling, general and administrative, restructuring or restructuring-related charges, working capital or information technology systems; our financing, stock repurchase or dividend programs; strategic investments or acquisitions; adoption and application of future accounting guidance; tax law changes; our tax structure or strategies; or the potential business or financial statement impacts of any of the above.above, among others. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates” and similar expressions or variations of such words are intended to identify forward-looking statements, but are not the exclusive means of identifying forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report.
Although forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report reflect our good faith judgment, such statements can only be based on facts and factors currently known by us. Consequently, forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties and actual results and outcomes may differ materially from the results and outcomes discussed in or anticipated by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences in results and outcomes include without limitation those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” below, as well as those discussed elsewhere in this Quarterly Report.Report. In particular, see the Risk Factor entitled “The recent coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has had an adverse effect on our business and results of operations, and we expect its impact will increase, at least in the near term,” and note that many of the risks and uncertainties set forth in the other Risk Factors will be exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, government and business responses thereto and any further resulting decline in the global business and economic environment. Readers are urgedurged not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report. We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements in order to reflect any event or circumstance that may arise after the date of this Quarterly Report. Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made in this Quarterly Report, which attempt to advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
ThirdSecond Quarter Fiscal 20192020 Overview and Other Recent Events
Revenues for the thirdsecond quarter of fiscal 20192020 were $9.6$5.2 billion, an increase of 73%5% compared to the year ago quarter, with net income of $2.1 billion, an increase$468 million, a decrease of 79%29% compared to the year ago quarter. Highlights and other eventskey developments from the thirdsecond quarter of fiscal 20192020 and other recent events included:
On April 16, 2019,•The rapid, global spread of COVID-19 has negatively impacted consumer demand for devices that incorporate our products and intellectual property, which negatively impacted our business and results of operations in the second quarter of fiscal 2020. The negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic varied by region. In China, sales were significantly impacted early in the second fiscal quarter, but we entered intostarted to see meaningful recovery by the end of March. Other regions were impacted later in the second fiscal quarter, with increasing impacts exiting March. The impact of COVID-19 on our ability to fulfill customer orders has been minimal. In response to the pandemic, we implemented significant workforce changes that we determined were in the best interest of our employees, as well as the communities in which we operate, and which comply with government regulations. This included significantly
20

reducing the number of people in our offices and implementing additional safety measures for employees continuing critical on-site work.
•QTL revenues in the second quarter of fiscal 2020 benefited from the inclusion of royalties from Apple for sales made during the March 2020 quarter (as a result of the settlement agreements with Apple and its contract manufacturers in April 2019), which was partially offset by the negative impact of COVID-19. We did not record any revenues in the second quarter of fiscal 2020 for royalties due on the sales of Huawei’s consumer wireless products.
•QCT revenues increased by 10% in the second quarter of fiscal 2020 compared to dismiss all outstanding litigation between the parties. year ago quarter, primarily due to an increase in demand for 5G products, partially offset by the negative impact of COVID-19.
•In the second quarter of fiscal 2020, we recorded $265 million in non-marketable investment impairments, resulting in part from the impacts of COVID-19.
•We also entered into a six-year globalnew long-term, world-wide patent license agreementagreements with Apple,Guangdong OPPO Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. (Oppo) and BBK Communication Technology Co., Ltd. (vivo) (who were previously disclosed as two key Chinese licensees), effective as of April 1, 2019,2020, covering 3G/4G/5G multimode devices. We also reached agreements with these licensees to provide for payment of amounts due under the license agreements that expired on March 31, 2020 and for which includes an option for Apple to extend for two additional years, and a multi-year chipset supply agreement with Apple. In the third quarter of fiscal 2019, we recognized licensing revenues of $4.7 billion resulting from the settlement, consisting of a payment from Apple and the release of certain of our obligationssuch amounts for prior periods were withheld while good faith negotiations occurred. The licensees have agreed to pay Apple and its contract manufacturers customer-related liabilities. In addition, our QTL results for the third quarter of fiscal 2019 included royalties from Apple and its contract manufacturers for sales mademake full payment in the June 2019 quarter.
•
On May 21, 2019, in United States Federal Trade Commission (FTC) v. QUALCOMM Incorporated, the court issued an Order ruling against us and imposing certain injunctive relief. We disagree with the court’s conclusions, interpretation of the facts and application of the law. Accordingly, we have filed a motion to stay certain of the remedies with, and have appealed the decision to, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. See “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 6. Commitments and Contingencies” in this Quarterly Report. The impact of the ruling was not material to QTL licensing revenues in the third quarter of fiscal 2019 based on facts and factors currently known by us.
The transition of wireless networks and devicesnear term according to 3G/4G (CDMA-single mode, OFDMA-single mode and CDMA/OFDMA multi-mode) continued around the world. 3G/4G connections grew sequentially by approximately 2% to


approximately 5.8 billion, which was approximately 74% of total mobile connections at the end of the third quarter of fiscal 2019.(1)
We continued to invest significant resources toward advancements primarily in support of 4G- and 5G-based technologies as well as other technologies to extend the demand for our products and generate new or expanded licensing opportunities, including within adjacent industry segments outside traditional cellular industries, such as automotive, the Internet of Things (IoT) and networking.
QCT results in the third quarter of fiscal 2019 were negatively impacted by lower modem sales to Apple and a decline in demand from OEMs in China.
We adopted new revenue recognition accounting guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 that requires us to estimate and recognize QTL royalties in the period in which the associated sales occur, resulting in an acceleration of royalty revenues by one quarter compared to the prior method. As a result of recognizing royalties using estimates, adjustments are recorded in subsequent quarters to reflect changes in estimates as new information becomes available, primarily when actual amounts are reported by licensees. Prior period results have not been restated for the adoption of the new accounting guidance andagreed upon payment schedules. These licensees/customers continue to be reported in accordance with the accounting guidance in effect for those periods.make timely payments on purchases of integrated circuit products.
During the third quarter of fiscal 2019, the United States Treasury Department issued new temporary regulations that resulted in a change to the deductibility of dividend income received by a U.S. stockholder from a foreign corporation. As a result of this change, pursuant to an agreement with the Internal Revenue Service, we will forgo the federal tax basis step-up of intellectual property that was distributed in fiscal 2018 by one of our foreign subsidiaries to a U.S. subsidiary. Therefore, the related deferred tax asset previously recognized was written-off, resulting in a $2.5 billion charge to income tax expense in the third quarter of fiscal 2019. See “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 1. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies Update” in this Quarterly Report.
On July 18, 2019, the European Commission (EC) issued a decision ruling that between 2009 and 2011 we engaged in predatory pricing with respect to two customers and imposed a fine (2019 EC fine) of approximately 242 million Euros (approximately $275 million based on the exchange rate at June 30, 2019), which was recorded as a charge to other expenses in the third quarter of fiscal 2019. We intend to file an appeal of the EC’s decision with the General Court of the European Union.
(1)According to GSMA Intelligence estimates as of July 29, 2019 (estimates excluded Wireless Local Loop).
Our Business and Operating Segments
We develop and commercialize foundational technologies and products used in mobile devices and other wireless products, including network equipment, broadband gateway equipment and consumer electronic devices.products. We derive revenues principally from sales of integrated circuit products and licensing our intellectual property, including patents software and other rights.
We are organized on the basis of products and services and have three reportable segments. We conduct business primarily through our QCT (Qualcomm CDMA Technologies) semiconductor business and our QTL (Qualcomm Technology Licensing) licensing business. QCT develops and supplies integrated circuits and system software based on CDMA, OFDMA and other technologies for use in mobile devices (primarily smartphones), tablets, laptops, data modules, handheld wireless networks,computers and gaming devices, used in IoT,access points and routers, broadband gateway equipment, data cards and infrastructure equipment, IoT devices and applications, other consumer electronic deviceselectronics and automotive telematics and infotainment systems. QTL grants licenses or otherwise provides rights to use portions of itsour intellectual property portfolio, which, among other rights, includes certain patent rights essential to and/or useful in the manufacture, sale and/or use of certain wireless products. Our QSI (Qualcomm Strategic Initiatives) reportable segment makes strategic investments. We also have nonreportable segments, including QualcommQGOV (Qualcomm Government Technologies or QGOV (formerly Qualcomm Cyber Security Solutions)Technologies) and other wireless technology and service initiatives.
Our reportable segments are operated by QUALCOMM Incorporated and its direct and indirect subsidiaries. QTL is operated by QUALCOMM Incorporated, which owns the vast majority of our patent portfolio. Substantially all of our products and services businesses, including QCT, and substantially all of our engineering, research and development functions, are operated by Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. (QTI), a wholly-owned subsidiary of QUALCOMM Incorporated, and QTI’s subsidiaries. QTL is operated by QUALCOMM Incorporated, which owns the vast majority of our patent portfolio. Neither QTI nor any of its subsidiaries has any right, power or authority to grant any licenses or other rights under or to any patents owned by QUALCOMM Incorporated.
Seasonality. Many of our products and/or much of our intellectual property are incorporated into consumer wireless devices, which are subject to seasonality and other fluctuations in demand. As a result, QCT hasOur revenues have historically tended to have


stronger sales toward the end of the calendar yearfluctuated based on consumer demand for devices, as manufacturers prepare for major holiday selling seasons and due towell as on the timing of Apple’scustomer/licensee device launchlaunches and/or innovation cycles (such as the transition to the next generation of wireless technologies). This has resulted in the fall. Similarly, becausefluctuations in QCT revenues in advance of and during device launches incorporating our products and in QTL historically has recognized royalty revenues when the related royalties are reported by licensees, QTL has tendedwere recognized, which prior to record higher royalty revenues in the first calendar quarterfiscal 2019 was when licensees reportreported their sales madeand beginning in the fourth calendar quarter. These trends did not occur in the first nine months of fiscal 2019 due to QCT’s decline in share of modemwhen the licensees’ sales for iPhone products and the lack of QTL royalty revenues recognized related to the sales of Apple’s products in the first six months of fiscal 2019 resulting fromoccurred. Our historical trends were impacted by our prior dispute with Apple and its contract manufacturers.manufacturers, which was settled in April 2019. We expect to begin recording equipment revenues for new chipset models under our multi-year chipset agreement with Apple in the second half of fiscal 2020. These trends may or may not continue in the future. Additionally, QTL’s revenuesfuture and have been impacted by the adoption ofdecline in consumer demand resulting from COVID-19. Further, the new revenue recognition guidance in fiscal 2019 pursuant to which we estimate and recognize sales-based royalties in the period in which the associated sales occur, resulting in an acceleration of royalty revenue recognition by one quarter compared to the prior method. The trends for QTL have been, andbeen, and/or may in the future be, impacted by disputes and/or resolutions with licensees and/or governmental investigations or proceedings, including the lawsuit filed against us by the FTC.
We have also experienced fluctuations in revenues due to the timing of conversions and expansions of 3G and 4G networks by wireless operators and the timing of launches of flagship wireless devices and consumer demand for wireless devices that incorporate our products and/or intellectual property. These trends may or may not continue in the future, including as a result of 5G network deployments and flagship device launches.
21

Results of Operations
Revenues (in millions)
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		ChangeMarch 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		Change
Equipment and services$4,050  $3,753  $297  $7,583  $7,506  $77  
Licensing1,166  1,229  (63) 2,709  2,318  391  
$5,216  $4,982  $234  $10,292  $9,824  $468  
Revenues (in millions)
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change
Equipment and services$3,531
 $4,110
 $(579) $11,037
 $12,750
 $(1,713)
Licensing6,104
 1,467
 4,637
 8,422
 4,083
 4,339
 $9,635
 $5,577
 $4,058
 $19,459
 $16,833
 $2,626
ThirdSecond quarter 20192020 vs. 20182019
The increase in revenues in the thirdsecond quarter of fiscal 20192020 was primarily due to:
+$4.7 billion in licensing revenues recorded in the third quarter of fiscal 2019 resulting from the settlement with Apple and its contract manufacturers (which were not allocated to our segment results)
-$554 million in lower equipment and services revenues from our QCT segment
-$151 million in lower licensing revenues from our QTL segment
+ $389 million in higher equipment and services revenues from our QCT segment
- $88 million in lower equipment and services revenues from our QSI segment
- $50 million in lower licensing revenues from our QTL segment
First ninesix months 20192020 vs. 20182019
The increase in revenues in the first ninesix months of fiscal 20192020 was primarily due to:
+$4.7 billion in licensing revenues recorded in the third
+ $336 million in higher licensing revenues from our QTL segment
+ $196 million in higher equipment and services revenues from our QCT segment
- $95 million in lower equipment and services revenues from our QSI segment
Costs and Expenses (in millions, except percentages)
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		ChangeMarch 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		Change
Cost of revenues$2,297  $2,179  $118  $4,410  $4,367  $43  
Gross margin56 %56 %57 %56 %
Second quarter 2020 vs. 2019
Gross margin percentage remained flat in the second quarter of fiscal 2020 primarily due to:
-decrease in higher margin QTL licensing revenues as a proportion of total revenues
+ increase in QCT gross margin
First six months 2020 vs. 2019 resulting from the settlement with Apple and its contract manufacturers
-$1.7 billion in lower equipment and services revenues from our QCT segment
-$497 million in lower licensing revenues from our QTL segment
Costs and Expenses (in millions)
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change
Cost of revenues$2,114
 $2,491
 $(377) $6,481
 $7,394
 $(913)
Gross margin78% 55% 
 67% 56%  


Third quarter and first nine months 2019 vs. 2018
Gross margin percentage increased in the third quarter and first ninesix months of fiscal 20192020 primarily due to:
+higher licensing revenues resulting from the settlement with Apple and its contract manufacturers in the third quarter of fiscal
+increase in higher margin QTL licensing revenues as a proportion of total revenues
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		ChangeMarch 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		Change
Research and development$1,468  $1,308  $160  $2,873  $2,577  $296  
% of revenues  28 %26 %28 %26 %
Second quarter 2020 vs. 2019
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change
Research and development$1,380
 $1,416
 $(36) $3,957
 $4,237
 $(280)
% of revenues14% 25%   20% 25%  
Third quarter 2019 vs. 2018
The dollar decreaseincrease in research and development expenses in the thirdsecond quarter of fiscal 20192020 was primarily due to:
-$49 million decrease primarily driven by actions under our Cost Plan, partially offset by higher employee cash incentive program costs
+$149 million increase driven by higher costs related to the development of wireless and integrated circuit technologies, including 5G and RFFE technologies
+$64 million increase in share-based compensation expense
- $49 million in lower expenses driven by revaluation of our deferred compensation plan liabilities on weakened stock market performance (which resulted in a corresponding increase in net losses on marketable securities within investment and other (expense) income, net due to the revaluation of the related assets) 
First ninesix months 20192020 vs. 20182019
The dollar decreaseincrease in research and development expenses in the first ninesix months of fiscal 20192020 was primarily due to:
-$293 million decrease primarily
+$213 million increase driven by actions under our Cost Plan, partially offset by higher costs related to the development of 5G wireless and integrated circuit technologies
In fiscal 2018, all of the costs related to pre-commercial research andthe development of wireless and integrated circuit technologies, including 5G and RFFE technologies of which we recorded $124
+$115 million and $340 millionincrease in the third quarter and first nine months of fiscal 2018, respectively, were included in unallocated corporate research and development expenses. Beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2019, all research and development costs associated with 5G technologies are included in segment results. Additionally, beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2019, certain research and development costs associated with early research and development that were historically included in our QCT segment are allocated to our QTL segment. The net effect of these changes negatively impacted QTL’s EBT by $127 million and $368 million in the third quarter and first nine months of fiscal 2019, respectively. QCT’s EBT was positively impacted by $53 million and $97 million in the third quarter and first nine months of fiscal 2019, respectively.share-based compensation expense 
22

 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change
Selling, general and administrative$547
 $655
 $(108) $1,646
 $2,297
 $(651)
% of revenues6% 12% 
 8% 14%  
Third
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		ChangeMarch 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		Change
Selling, general and administrative$483  $573  $(90) $1,011  $1,100  $(89) 
% of revenues  9 %12 %10 %11 %
Second quarter 20192020 vs. 20182019
The dollar decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses in the thirdsecond quarter of fiscal 20192020 was primarily due to:
-$111 million in lower litigation costs, primarily resulting from the settlement agreements with Apple and its contract manufacturers
-$84 million in lower litigation costs, primarily resulting from the settlement of our prior dispute with Apple and its contract manufacturers in April 2019
-$58 million in lower expenses driven by revaluation of our deferred compensation plan liabilities on weakened stock market performance  
+$23 million increase in share-based compensation expense 
First ninesix months 20192020 vs. 20182019
The dollar decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses in the first ninesix months of fiscal 20192020 was primarily due to:
-$296 million in lower professional fees and costs, primarily driven by Broadcom’s withdrawn takeover proposal in fiscal 2018 and our proposed acquisition of NXP Semiconductors N.V. in fiscal 2018
-$140 million in lower litigation costs, primarily resulting from the settlement agreements with Apple and its contract manufacturers
-$53 million in lower employee-related expenses, primarily driven by actions under our Cost Plan
-$48 million in lower sales and marketing expenses
-$45 million in bad debt expense recorded in the first quarter of fiscal 2018
Selling, general and administrative expenses included $50 million and $273-$144 million in lower litigation costs, primarily resulting from the thirdsettlement of our prior dispute with Apple and its contract manufacturers in April 2019
+ $35 million increase in share-based compensation expense
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		ChangeMarch 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		Change
Other (income) expense$(23) $(18) $(5) $(23) $130  $(153) 
Second quarter and first ninesix months of fiscal 2019, respectively,2020
Other income in the three and six months ended March 29, 2020 consisted of:
+ $23 million gain related to litigation costs.a favorable legal settlement


 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change
Other$277
 $112
 $165
 $408
 $1,605
 $(1,197)
ThirdSecond quarter 2019
Other expensesincome in the thirdsecond quarter of fiscal 2019 consisted of:
+ $27543 million charge relatedgain due to partial recovery of a fine imposed in fiscal 2009 resulting from our appeal of the 2019 EC fineKorea Fair Trade Commission (KFTC) decision
+- $225 million in net restructuring and restructuring-related charges related to our Cost Plan
Third quarter 2018
Other expenses that concluded in the third quarter of fiscal 2018 consisted of:
+    $1122019, which included $70 million in restructuring and restructuring-related charges, partially offset by a $45 million net gain from the sale of certain assets related to wireless electric vehicle charging applications and the sale of our Cost Planmobile health nonreportable segment
First ninesix months 2019
Other expenses in the first ninesix months of fiscal 2019 consisted of:
+ $275204 million chargenet charges related to our Cost Plan, which included $249 million in restructuring and restructuring-related charges, partially offset by a $45 million net gain from the 2019 ECsale of certain assets related to wireless electric vehicle charging applications and the sale of our mobile health nonreportable segment
- $43 million gain due to the partial recovery of a fine imposed in fiscal 2009 resulting from our appeal of the KFTC decision
+$207 million net charges related to our Cost Plan, which included $259 million in restructuring and restructuring-related charges, partially offset by a $52 million net gain from the sale of certain assets related to wireless electric vehicle charging applications and the sale of our mobile health nonreportable segment
-$43 million gain recorded in the second quarter of fiscal 2019 due to the partial recovery of a fine imposed in fiscal 2009 resulting from our appeal of the KFTC decision
- $31 million gain recorded in the second quarter of fiscal 2019 related to a favorable legal settlement
First nine
23

Interest Expense and Investment and Other (Expense) Income, Net (in millions)
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		ChangeMarch 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		Change
Interest expense  $146  $162  $(16) $294  $317  $(23) 
Investment and other (expense) income, net 
Interest and dividend income  $47  $78  $(31) $107  $143  $(36) 
Net gains (losses) on marketable securities 55  5  50  66  (19) 85  
Net (losses) gains on other investments (12) 6  (18) 36  42  (6) 
Net (losses) gains on deferred compensation plan assets (72) 37  (109) (42) (2) (40) 
Impairment losses on other investments  (265) (60) (205) (337) (69) (268) 
Net (losses) gains on derivative instruments —  (1) 1  1  (9) 10  
Equity in net losses of investees  (6) (36) 30  (16) (58) 42  
Net gains (losses) on foreign currency transactions6  (1) 7  3  5  (2) 
$(247) $28  $(275) $(182) $33  $(215) 
COVID-19 had an impact on certain companies in which we hold non-marketable investments, resulting in an increase in impairment losses on other investments for the three and six months 2018
Other expenses inended March 29, 2020. A significant portion of the first nine months of fiscal 2018 consisted of:
+    $1.2 billion charge related to the 2018 EC fine
+    $422 million in restructuring and restructuring-related chargesimpairment losses related to our Cost Plan
Interest Expense and Investment and Other Income, Net (in millions)      
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change
Interest expense$160
 $212
 $(52) $477
 $561
��$(84)
            
Investment and other income, net           
Interest and dividend income$81
 $182
 $(101) $237
 $461
 $(224)
Net gains on marketable securities326
 10
 316
 293
 24
 269
Net gains on other investments6
 16
 (10) 47
 77
 (30)
Impairment losses on marketable securities and other investments(42) (19) (23) (111) (40) (71)
Net losses on derivative instruments—
 (30) 30
 (10) (21) 11
Equity in net losses of investees(22) (28) 6
 (79) (67) (12)
Net (losses) gains on foreign currency transactions(5) 112
 (117) —
 20
 (20)
 $344
 $243
 $101
 $377
 $454
 $(77)
Ininvestment in OneWeb (an equity method investee) who filed for bankruptcy in the fourthsecond quarter of fiscal 2018, we implemented2020. Additionally, COVID-19 had a stock repurchase program to repurchase up to $30 billionnegative impact on the fair values of our outstanding common stock. Stock repurchases made under this program have significantly reduced the amount of our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities,deferred compensation plan assets, resulting in a decrease to interest and dividend income.
The increase in net gains on marketable securitiesloss in the three and ninesix months ended June 30, 2019 was primarily driven by a gain resulting from the initial public offering of one of our non-marketable equity investments.March 29, 2020.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit) (in millions, except percentages)

Income Tax Expense (Benefit) (in millions)      
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 June 30, 2019 June 24, 2018 Change June 30, 2019 June 24, 2018 Change
Income tax expense (benefit)$3,352
 $(268) $3,620
 $2,987
 $5,644
 $(2,657)
Effective tax rate61% (29%) 90% 43% N/M
 N/M
N/M - Not meaningful
The following table summarizes the primary factors that caused our income tax provision to differ from the expected income tax provision at the U.S. federal statutory rate:
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018
Expected income tax provision at federal statutory tax rate$1,155
 $231
 $1,442
 $295
Write-off of deferred tax asset on distributed intellectual property2,472
 —
 2,472
 —
Benefits from establishing new U.S. net deferred tax assets—
 —
 (570) —
Benefit from foreign-derived intangible income (FDII) deduction(296) —
 (384) —
Benefits related to the research and development tax credit(46) (42) (92) (70)
Benefits from foreign income taxed at other than U.S. rates(13) (381) (1) (481)
Toll Charge from U.S. tax reform—
 5
 —
 5,320
Remeasurement of deferred taxes due to changes in statutory tax rate—
 (119) —
 439
Foreign withholding taxes—
 —
 —
 93
Nondeductible charges related to the KFTC and EC investigations53
 4
 53
 19
Other27
 34
 67
 29
Income tax expense (benefit)$3,352
 $(268) $2,987
 $5,644
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019
Expected income tax provision at federal statutory tax rate  $126  $169  $324  $287  
Benefit from foreign-derived intangible income (FDII) deduction (43) (48) (89) (88) 
Benefit related to the research and development tax credit  (35) (22) (60) (46) 
Excess tax (benefit) deficiency associated with share-based awards (10) 1  (56) (1) 
Valuation allowance on unused foreign tax credits  14  —  20  —  
Foreign currency loss related to foreign withholding tax receivable  47  —  4  —  
Benefit from establishing new U.S. net deferred tax assets—  —  —  (570) 
Other  31  43  9  53  
Income tax expense (benefit) $130  $143  $152  $(365) 
Effective tax rate  22 %18 %10 %(27 %)
The 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Legislation), which was enacted during the first quarter of fiscal 2018, significantly revised the United States corporate income tax by, among other things, lowering the corporateWe estimate our annual effective income tax rate to 21% and imposing a one-time repatriationbe 12% for fiscal 2020. The estimated annual effective tax on deemed repatriated earnings and profits of U.S.-owned foreign subsidiaries (the Toll Charge). The Tax Legislation fundamentally changedrate for fiscal 2020 is lower than the taxation of multinational entities, including a shift from a system of worldwide taxation with deferralU.S. federal statutory rate, primarily due to a hybrid territorial system, featuring a participation exemption regime with current taxation of certain foreign income, a minimum tax on low-taxed foreign earnings and new measures to deter base erosion and promote U.S. production. As a fiscal-year taxpayer, certain provisions of the Tax Legislation became effective starting at the beginning of fiscal 2019, including GILTI (global intangible low-taxed income), a new tax on income of foreign corporations, BEAT (base-erosion and anti-abuse tax) and FDII (foreign-derived intangible income). In response to the Tax Legislation and to better align our profits with activities, we implemented certain tax restructuring in fiscal 2018 and 2019. As a result, beginning in fiscal 2019, substantially allsignificant portion of our income is in the U.S., of which a significant portion qualifiesqualifying for preferential treatment as FDII at a 13% effective tax rate. The impact of GILTI and BEAT is negligible. Accordingly, our estimated annual effective effective tax rate for fiscal 2019 reflects the effects of these components of the Tax Legislation. Our federal statutory incomeand benefits from our research and development tax rate for fiscal 2018 reflected a blended rate of approximately 25%.
As a result of the Tax Legislation, in fiscal 2019, several of our foreign subsidiaries made tax elections to be treated as U.S. branches for federal income tax purposes (commonly referred to as “check-the-box” elections) effective beginning in fiscal 2018 and 2019. Although beginning in fiscal 2019 the income of these entities will be included in our consolidated U.S. tax return, we believe that by treating these foreign subsidiaries as U.S. branches for federal income taxes, rather than controlled foreign corporations, we will significantly reduce the risk of being subject to GILTI and BEAT taxes. As a result of making these check-the-box elections, we recorded a tax benefit of $570 million due to establishing new U.S. net deferred tax assets resulting from the difference between the GAAP basis and the U.S. federal tax carryover basis of the existing assets and liabilities of those foreign subsidiaries, primarily related to customer incentive liabilities that have not been deducted for tax purposes. During the third quarter of fiscal 2019, the United States Treasury Department issued new temporary regulations that resulted in a change to the deductibility of dividend income received by a U.S. stockholder from a foreign corporation. As a result of this change, pursuant to an agreement with the Internal Revenue Service, we will forgo the federal


tax basis step-up of intellectual property that was distributed in fiscal 2018 by one of our foreign subsidiaries to a U.S. subsidiary. Therefore, the related deferred tax asset previously recognized was written-off, resulting in a $2.5 billion charge to income tax expense in the third quarter of fiscal 2019.credit.
24
The effective tax rate of 61% for the third quarter of fiscal 2019 was higher than the estimated annual effective tax rate of 41% primarily due to the $2.5 billion charge to income tax expense recorded discretely in the third quarter of fiscal 2019 resulting from the write-off of the deferred tax asset related to the distributed intellectual property. The estimated annual effective tax rate for fiscal 2019 was also impacted by the tax benefit of $570 million recorded discretely in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 due to establishing new U.S. net deferred tax assets from making certain check-the-box elections.
Unrecognized tax benefits were $230 million and $217 million at June 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, respectively. We believe that it is reasonably possible that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits at June 30, 2019 may increase or decrease in the next 12 months.
The United States Treasury Department has issued proposed regulations on several provisions of the 2017 Tax Legislation,Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Legislation), including foreign tax credits, FDII BEAT and interest expense deduction limitations, which are expected tomay be finalized in the next several months. When finalized, these proposed regulations may adversely affect our provision for income taxes, results of operations and/or cash flows.
Segment Results
The following should be read in conjunction with theour financial results for the thirdsecond quarter and first ninesix months of fiscal 20192020 for each reportable segment included in this Quarterly Report in “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 7.6. Segment Information.”
QCT Segment (in millions, except percentages)
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		ChangeMarch 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		Change
Revenues
Equipment and services$4,011  $3,622  $389  $7,496  $7,300  $196  
Licensing89  100  (11) 223  161  62  
Total revenues$4,100  $3,722  $378  $7,719  $7,461  $258  
Earnings before taxes (EBT)$667  $542  $125  $1,145  $1,140  $5  
EBT as a % of revenues16 %15 %1 %15 %15 %— %
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(in millions)June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change
Revenues           
Equipment and services$3,484
 $4,038
 $(554) $10,785
 $12,486
 $(1,701)
Licensing83
 49
 34
 243
 149
 94
Total revenues$3,567
 $4,087
 $(520) $11,028
 $12,635
 $(1,607)
EBT (1)$504
 $607
 $(103) $1,644
 $2,170
 $(526)
EBT as a % of revenues14% 15% (1%) 15% 17% (2%)
(1)Earnings (loss) before taxes.
During the first quarter of fiscal 2019, we combined our Small Cells business, which sells products designed for the implementation of small cells to address the challenge of meeting the increased demand for mobile data, into our QCT segment. Revenues and operating results related to the Small Cells business were included in nonreportable segments through the end of fiscal 2018. Prior period segment information has not been adjusted to conform to the new segment presentation as such adjustments are insignificant.
Equipment and services revenues mostlyprimarily relate to sales of Mobile Station Modem (MSM),MSM, Radio Frequency (RF), Power Management (PM) and wireless connectivity chipsets. MSM integrated circuits.circuits include our stand-alone Mobile Data Modems (MDMs) and Snapdragon platforms, which include processors and modems. Approximately 156129 million and 199155 million MSM integrated circuits were sold in the thirdsecond quarter of fiscal 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively, and approximately 497283 million and 623341 million MSM integrated circuits were sold in the first ninesix months of fiscal 2020 and 2019, respectively. We use the volume of MSM integrated circuit shipments to allow management and 2018, respectively.
Third quarter 2019 vs. 2018
investors to, in part, evaluate, assess and benchmark our QCT results insegment’s performance. MSM integrated circuit shipments do not fully reflect the third quarterperformance of fiscal 2019 were negativelyour QCT segment, which can be impacted by lower modem sales to Appleother factors including changes in mix and a decline in demandaverage selling price of our MSM integrated circuits and revenues generated from OEMs in China. products other than MSM integrated circuits, such as RFFE products, among others.
Second quarter 2020 vs. 2019
The decreaseincrease in QCT equipment and services revenues in the second quarter of fiscal 2020 was primarily due to:
-$554 million in lower MSM and accompanying unit shipments
-$219 million decrease due to lower average selling prices
-$135 million in lower RFFE product revenues
+$364 million due to favorable product mix
+$378 million in higher revenues per MSM and accompanying RF, PM and wireless connectivity chipset shipments, primarily driven by a favorable shift in product mix as 5G devices launched
+$265 million in higher RFFE product revenues, primarily driven by 5G device launches
-$262 million in lower MSM and accompanying chipset shipments, primarily driven by a decrease in demand due to COVID-19 and lower modem sales to Apple
QCT EBT as a percentage of revenues decreasedincreased in the thirdsecond quarter of fiscal 20192020 primarily due to:
-decrease in QCT revenues

+ higher QCT revenues

+ higher gross margin, primarily driven by a favorable shift in product mix towards 5G products
+decrease in operating expenses, primarily driven by actions under our Cost Plan and a decrease in the amount of research and development expense allocated to QCT in fiscal 2019
- higher operating expenses, primarily driven by higher research and development costs
First ninesix months 20192020 vs. 20182019
QCT results in the first nine months of fiscal 2019 were negatively impacted by lower modem sales to Apple. The decreaseincrease in QCT equipment and services revenues in the first ninesix months of fiscal 20192020 was primarily due to:
-$1.67 billion in lower MSM and accompanying unit shipments
-$575 million decrease due to lower average selling prices
-$374 million in lower RFFE product revenues
+$910 million increase due to favorable product mix
+$422 million in higher revenues per MSM and accompanying RF, PM and wireless connectivity chipset shipments, primarily driven by a favorable shift in product mix as 5G devices launched
+$295 million in higher RFFE product revenues, primarily driven by 5G device launches
-$584 million in lower MSM and accompanying chipset shipments, primarily driven by a decrease in demand due to COVID-19 and lower modem sales to Apple
QCT EBT as a percentage of revenues decreasedremained flat in the first ninesix months of fiscal 20192020 primarily due to:
-decrease in QCT revenues
+decrease in operating expenses, primarily driven by actions under our Cost Plan and a decrease in the amount of research and development expense allocated to QCT in fiscal 2019
+higher QCT revenues
- higher operating expenses, primarily driven by higher research and development costs
QCT accounts receivable decreasedincreased by 39%75% in the first ninesix months of fiscal 20192020 from $1.36$908 million to $1.59 billion, to $836 million, primarily due todriven by an increase in revenues combined with the timing of integrated circuit shipments during the quarter and a
25

decrease in revenues, as well as the impactrelative proportion of settling certain receivablescustomer incentive arrangements that are recorded in connection with the settlement agreements with Apple and its contract manufacturers.accounts receivable. QCT inventories increased by 5%21% in the first ninesix months of fiscal 20192020 from $1.68$1.40 billion to $1.77$1.70 billion, primarily due to an increasedriven by the ramp in the overall quantity of units on hand.5G.
QTL Segment (in millions, except percentages)
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(in millions)June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change
Licensing revenues$1,292
 $1,443
 $(151) $3,433
 $3,930
 $(497)
EBT$898
 $1,027
 $(129) $2,162
 $2,691
 $(529)
EBT as a % of revenues70% 71% (1%) 63% 68% (5%)
QTL results in the third quarter and first nine months of fiscal 2019 reflected the adoption of the new accounting guidance that requires us to estimate and recognize QTL royalties in the period in which the associated sales occur, resulting in an acceleration of royalty revenues by one quarter as compared to fiscal 2018. Fiscal 2018 results have not been adjusted for the adoption of the new accounting guidance.
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		ChangeMarch 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		Change
Licensing revenues$1,072  $1,122  $(50) $2,477  $2,141  $336  
EBT671  674  (3) 1,689  1,264  425  
EBT as a % of revenues63 %60 %3 %68 %59 %9 %
As a result of the settlement with Apple and its contract manufacturers in April 2019, QTL results for the thirdsecond quarter and first six months of fiscal 20192020 included royalties from Apple and its contract manufactures for sales mademanufactures. Revenues in the June 2019 quarter. Revenues in thesecond quarter and first six months of fiscal 2019 and the first nine months of fiscal 2018 did not include royalties due onfrom sales of Apple or other products by Apple’s contract manufacturers.
QTL revenues in the thirdsecond quarter and first ninesix months of fiscal 2019 included $150 million and $450$300 million, respectively, of royalties duefrom Huawei under a second interim agreement with Huawei. These payments represent minimum, non-refundable amounts for royalties due. QTL revenuesthat concluded in the third quarter and first nine months of fiscal 2018 included $500 million paid under an interim agreement with Huawei2019. This represented a minimum, non-refundable amount for royalties due after the second quarter of fiscal 2017. These payments doand does not reflect the full amount of royalties due under the underlying license agreement.agreement, which expired on December 31, 2019. We have not reached a final amended or new agreement with Huawei, and we did not record any revenues in the first six months of fiscal 2020 for royalties due on the sales of Huawei’s consumer wireless products.
ThirdSecond quarter 20192020 vs. 20182019
The decrease in QTL licensing revenues in the thirdsecond quarter of fiscal 2019, which primarily related to royalties due on sales made by our licensees in the June 2019 quarter, decreased compared to licensing revenues in the third quarter of fiscal 2018, which primarily related to royalties due on sales made by our licensees in the March 2018 quarter,2020 was primarily due to:
-$350 million in lower royalty revenues from Huawei under the interim agreements
-$163 million in lower estimated revenues per unit compared to revenues per reported unit
+$328 million increase in estimated sales of CDMA-based products (including multi-mode products that also implement OFDMA) compared to reported sales of CDMA-based products
+$34 million increase in royalty revenues recognized related to devices sold in prior periods, excluding the impact of Huawei

-$150 million in lower royalty revenues from Huawei due to the expiration of the interim agreement

-$76 million in lower estimated revenues per unit, in part reflecting licensees entering into new 5G multimode license agreements with rights to our cellular standard-essential patents only (compared to previous licenses which also included rights to certain other non-cellular essential patents) and decreases in our per unit royalty caps
+$182 million increase in estimated sales of 3G/4G/5G-based products (including multimode products), primarily due to the new license agreement with Apple, partially offset by the negative impact of COVID-19 to licensees’ sales
QTL EBT as a percentage of revenues decreasedincreased in the thirdsecond quarter of fiscal 20192020 primarily due to:
-lower QTL revenues
-higher research and development costs due to an
+lower selling, general and administrative expenses, primarily from lower litigation costs
-higher research and development expenses
-lower QTL revenues
First six months 2020 vs. 2019
The increase in the amount of research and development expense allocated to QTL in fiscal 2019
+lower selling, general and administrative expenses, primarily from lower litigation costs
First nine months 2019 vs. 2018
QTL licensing revenues in the first ninesix months of fiscal 2019, which primarily related to royalties due on sales made by our licensees in the December 2018, March 2019 and June 2019 quarters, decreased compared to licensing revenues in the first nine months of fiscal 2018, which primarily related to royalties due on sales made by our licensees in the September 2017, December 2017 and March 2018 quarters,2020 was primarily due to:
-$532 million in lower estimated revenues per unit compared to revenues per reported unit
-$50 million in lower royalty revenues from Huawei under the interim agreements
+$47 million increase in royalty revenues recognized related to devices sold in prior periods, excluding the impact of Huawei
+$39 million increase in estimated sales of CDMA-based products (including multi-mode products that also implement OFDMA) compared to reported sales of CDMA-based products
+$775 million increase in estimated sales of 3G/4G/5G-based products (including multimode products), primarily due to the new license agreement with Apple, which reflected the impact of Apple’s fall device launches in advance of the holiday season, partially offset by the negative impact of COVID-19 to licensees’ sales
-$300 million in lower royalty revenues from Huawei due to the expiration of the interim agreement
-$177 million in lower estimated revenues per unit, in part reflecting licensees entering into new 5G multimode license agreements with rights to our cellular standard-essential patents only (compared to previous licenses which also included rights to certain other non-cellular essential patents) and decreases in our per unit royalty caps
QTL EBT as a percentage of revenues decreasedincreased in the first ninesix months of fiscal 20192020 primarily due to:
-lower QTL revenues
-
+higher research and development costs due to an increase in the amount of research and development expense allocated to QTL in fiscal 2019
+lower selling, general and administrative expenses, primarily from lower litigation costs and lower bad debt expense
QTL accounts receivable increased by 4%revenues
+lower selling, general and administrative expenses, primarily from lower litigation costs
-higher research and development expenses
26

QSI Segment (in millions)
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		ChangeMarch 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		Change
Equipment and services revenues  $10  $98  $(88) $30  $125  $(95) 
EBT  (208) 17  (225) (210) 25  (235) 
Second quarter 2020 vs. 2019
The decrease in the first nine months of fiscal 2019 from $1.47 billion to $1.54 billion, primarily due to the adoption of the new accounting guidance, partially offset by the impact of settling approximately $960 million of receivables that were related to the short paymentQSI EBT in the second quarter of fiscal 2017 of royalties due from Apple’s contract manufacturers in connection with the settlement agreements with Apple and its contract manufacturers.
QSI Segment
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(in millions)June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 Change
Equipment and services revenues$18
 $20
 $(2) $143
 $80
 $63
EBT312
 (7) 319
 337
 44
 293
Third quarter 2019 vs. 2018
The increase in QSI EBT in the third quarter of fiscal 20192020 was primarily due to:
-$203 million increase in impairment losses on other investments, of which a significant portion related to the full impairment of our investment in OneWeb (an equity method investee) who filed for bankruptcy in the second quarter of fiscal 2020
-$88 million decrease in revenues associated with certain development contracts with OneWeb
+$36 million increase in net gains on investments
+$26 million decrease in our share of equity method investee losses
$305 million increase in net gains on investments, primarily driven by a gain resulting from the initial public offering of one of our non-marketable equity investments

First ninesix months 20192020 vs. 20182019
The increasedecrease in QSI EBT in the first ninesix months of fiscal 20192020 was primarily due to:
-$264 million increase in impairment losses on other investments, of which a significant portion related to our investment in OneWeb
-$95 million decrease in revenues associated with certain development contracts with OneWeb
+$81 million increase in net gains on investments
+$29 million decrease in our share of equity method investee losses
QSI segment assets, which primarily consist of non-marketable and marketable equity investments, decreased by 25% in the first six months of fiscal 2020 from $1.71 billion to $1.28 billion, primarily due to impairment losses on other investments and the sale of certain marketable equity investments.
+
$268 million increase in net gains on investments, primarily driven by a gain resulting from the initial public offering of one of our non-marketable equity investments
+$90 million increase resulting from higher revenues and lower costs associated with certain development contracts with an equity method investee
-$46 million increase in impairment losses on investments, primarily related to an equity method investee
-$21 million increase in our share of losses of an equity method investee
Looking Forward
In the coming years, we expect consumer demand for 3G/4G multi-modemultimode and 4G products and services to decline as new consumer demand for 3G/4G/5G multi-modemultimode and 5G products and services rampramps around the world. We expect growth in newemerging device categories and industries, resulting from the expanding adoption of certain technologies that are already commonly used in smartphones by industry segments outside traditional cellular industries, such as automotive, computing, IoT and networking.
As we look forward to the next several months and beyond, we expect our business to be impacted by the following key items:


On April 16, 2019, we entered into settlement agreements with Apple•It is likely that the economic slowdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic will continue, potentially for an extended duration, and its contract manufacturersthere may be a global recession. We expect the pandemic to dismiss all outstanding litigation between the parties. We also entered into a six-year global patent license agreement with Apple, effective as of April 1, 2019, which includeshave an option for Apple to extend for two additional years,increasingly negative impact on QTL and a multi-year chipset supply agreement with Apple. We began recognizing royaltyQCT revenues in the thirdnear term based on a reduction in consumer demand for smartphones and other products. Our current planning assumption is that sales in China for devices that incorporate our products and intellectual property will continue to improve throughout the June quarter, which reflects gradual recovery from the exit rate of the March quarter. Outside of China, our current planning assumption is that device sales will follow a similar pattern to that experienced in China, with a recovery starting in June. Our near-term planning assumptions also reflect the latest demand signals from our customers as they contemplate the impact of COVID-19 and reconcile their supply chains to lower anticipated device sell through. We have not experienced, and we currently do not anticipate a material adverse impact on our ability, or our suppliers’ ability, to manufacture and test our products or on our ability to provide our products to our customers. Workforce changes that we implemented in the second quarter of fiscal 2019 for sales made by Apple2020 are expected to remain in effect in the near term. The degree to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our business, financial condition and its contract manufacturersresults of operations will depend on or after April 1, 2019. Further,future developments, which are highly uncertain. See “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report, specifically the Risk Factor entitled “The recent coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has had an adverse effect on our business and results of operations, and we expect our engineering costsits impact will increase, over time to supportat least in the multi-year chipset supply agreement.near term.”
•
On
•In May 21, 2019, in United States Federal Trade Commission (FTC) v. QUALCOMM Incorporated, the court issued an Order ruling against us and imposing certain injunctive relief. We disagree with the court’s conclusions, interpretation of the facts and application of the law. Accordingly, we have filed a motion to stay certain of the remedies with, and have appealed the decision to, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. Regulatory authorities in certain jurisdictions have investigated our business practices and instituted proceedings against us, and they or other regulatory authorities may do so in the future. Additionally, certain of our direct and indirect customers and licensees have pursued, and others may in the future pursue, litigation or arbitration against us related to our business. Unfavorable resolutions of one or more of these matters have had and could in the future have a material adverse effect on our business, revenues, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Depending on the matter, various remedies that could result from an unfavorable resolution include, among others, the loss of our ability to enforce one or more of our patents; injunctions; monetary damages or fines or other orders to pay money; the issuance of orders to cease certain conduct or modify our business practices, such as requiring us to reduce our royalty rates, reduce the base on which our royalties are calculated, grant patent licenses to chipset manufacturers, sell chipsets to unlicensed OEMs or modify or renegotiate some or all of our existing license agreements; and determinations that some or all of our license agreements are invalid or unenforceable. These activities have required, and we expect that they will continue to require, the investment of significant management time and attention and have resulted, and we expect that they will continue to result, in increased legal costs until the respective matters are resolved. See “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 6. Commitments and Contingencies” and “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report, including the Risk Factors entitled “Efforts by some communications equipment manufacturers or their customers to avoid paying fair and reasonable royalties for the use of our intellectual property may require the investment of substantial management time and financial resources and may result in legal decisions or actions by governments, courts, regulators or agencies, Standards Development Organizations (SDOs) or other industry organizations that harm our business,” “Our business, particularly our licensing business, may suffer as a result of adverse rulings in government investigations or proceedings” and “Changes in our patent licensing practices, whether due to governmental investigations, private legal proceedings challenging those practices or otherwise, could adversely impact our business and results of operations.”
In the first quarter of fiscal 2019, we entered into a second interim agreement with Huawei in which Huawei agreed to make three quarterly payments of $150 million (for sales made in consecutive calendar quarters beginning with the quarter ended December 2018)court’s conclusions, interpretation of the facts and application of the law. Accordingly, we filed a motion to stay certain of the remedies with, and appealed the decision to, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals (Ninth Circuit). In July 2019, the Ninth
27

Circuit granted our appeal. In August 2019, the Ninth Circuit granted our partial motion to stay in its entirety. In February 2020, the Ninth Circuit heard oral arguments from Qualcomm and the FTC. The Ninth Circuit also heard oral arguments from the Department of Justice who presented positions in support of Qualcomm’s appeal. Regulatory authorities in certain other jurisdictions are investigating and/or have investigated our business practices and instituted proceedings against us, and they or other regulatory authorities may do so in the future. Additionally, certain of our direct and indirect customers and licensees have pursued, and they or others may in the future pursue, litigation or arbitration against us related to our business. Unfavorable resolutions of one or more of these matters have had and could in the future have a material adverse effect on our business, revenues, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Depending on the matter, various remedies that could result from an unfavorable resolution include, among others, the loss of our ability to enforce one or more of our patents; injunctions; monetary damages or fines or other orders to pay money; the issuance of orders to cease certain conduct or modify our business practices, such as minimum, non-refundable paymentsrequiring us to reduce our royalty rates, reduce the base on which our royalties are calculated, grant patent licenses to chipset manufacturers, sell chipsets to unlicensed OEMs or modify or renegotiate some or all of our existing license agreements; and determinations that some or all of our license agreements are invalid or unenforceable. These activities have required, and we expect that they will continue to require, the investment of significant management time and attention and have resulted, and we expect that they will continue to result, in increased legal costs until the respective matters are resolved. See “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 5. Commitments and Contingencies” and “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report, including the Risk Factors entitled “Our business, particularly our licensing business, may suffer as a result of adverse rulings in government investigations or proceedings,” “Changes in our patent licensing practices, whether due to governmental investigations or private legal proceedings challenging those practices, or otherwise, could adversely impact our business and results of operations” and “Efforts by some OEMs or their customers to avoid paying fair and reasonable royalties for royalties due for salesthe use of licensed productsour intellectual property may require the investment of substantial management time and financial resources and may result in legal decisions or actions by Huawei during the relevant quarter. governments, courts, regulators or agencies, Standards Development Organizations (SDOs) or other industry organizations that harm our business.”
•We recognized $450 million of royaltydid not record any revenues in the first ninesix months of fiscal 2019 under the second interim agreement. These payments do not reflect the full amount of2020 for royalties due underon the underlyingsales of Huawei’s consumer wireless products, and our license agreement. The second interim agreement concluded in the third quarter of fiscal 2019, and although negotiations continue, we have not reached a final agreement with Huawei. If noHuawei expired on December 31, 2019. The agreement is reached,provides either party the right to initiate binding arbitration for a period of several months, the result of which will be a new license agreement effective January 1, 2020. To date, neither party has initiated arbitration. Huawei may not make any other payments or may not make full payments due under the underlyingprior or any new license agreement, whichagreement. This may result in significant legal costs and will negatively impact our future revenues, as well as our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, until the dispute is resolved.
•We have not been the sole supplier of modems for iPhone products beginning with products that launched in September 2016, and Apple is not utilizing our modems for iPhone products that launched in September 2019. We currently expect QCT to begin recording revenues in the second half of fiscal 2020 under our multi-year chipset agreement with Apple announced in April 2019.
•We expect our business, particularly QCT, to continue to be impacted by industry dynamics, including:
◦Increased concentration of device share among a few companies, particularly within the premium tier, resulting in significant supply chain leverage for those companies, and exacerbating the negative impact to our business and financial results to the extent those companies do not utilize our chipsets. For example, Huawei has taken, and we believe willmay continue to take, share in China from other Chinese OEMs, negatively impacting QCT as we sell a limited number of chipsets to Huawei as compared to many of those other OEMs, andOEMs. In addition, the negative impact to our overall business of Huawei share gains at the expense of other Chinese OEMs may be further exacerbated if a new license agreement with Huawei is not signed in the near term and/or Huawei continues to not pay us royalties or does not pay royaltiesmake full payment due to us under itsthe prior or any new license agreement, since our interim agreement has ended;agreement;
◦Decisions by companies to utilize their own internally-developed integrated circuit products and/or sell such products to others, including by bundlingselling them together with certain of their other products;


◦Decisions by certain companies to utilize our competitors’ integrated circuit products in all or a portion of their devices. For example, we have not been the sole supplier of modems for iPhone products beginning with products that launched in September 2016, as Apple utilizes modems from one of our competitors in a portion of such devices. Apple began solely using one or more of our competitors’ modems, rather than our modems, in its 2018 iPhone release and is expected to do so in its upcoming 2019 iPhone release. As a result, QCT revenues from modem sales for iPhones have declined in the first nine months of fiscal 2019. For new chipset models, QCT does not expect to begin recording revenues under our recently announced multi-year chipset agreement with Apple until the second half of fiscal 2020;devices;
◦Intense competition, particularly in China, as our competitors expand their product offerings and/or reduce the prices of their products as part of a strategy to attract new and/or retain existing customers;
Slow-down in
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◦Lengthened handset demand as the industry transitions from 4G to 5G and continued reduction in demand in China, which is driven by further lengthening of replacement cycles as smartphone penetration increases and consumer demand, which is increasingly driven by new product launches and/or innovation cycles, as well as an increase in channel inventory in China that we expect will be drawn down in the second half of calendar 2019;cycles; and
Continued growth◦Growth of device share by Chineseby certain Chinese OEMs in China and in regions outside of China; andChina.
Increasing consumer demand for 3G/4G smartphone products in emerging regions driven by availability of lower-tier 3G/4G devices, partially offset by lengthening replacement cycles in China.
•Current U.S./China trade relations and/or national security protection policies, which may be further exacerbated by COVID-19, may negatively impact our business, growth prospects and results of operations.
We expect the ongoing rollout of 4G services in emerging regions will encourage competition and growth, bringing the benefits of 3G/4G LTE multi-mode to consumers.
Initial commercial•Commercial 5G network deployments and device launches have begun and will continue through calendar 2020 and beyond. We currently anticipate no significant delays in calendar 2019the timing of 5G network deployments and beyond.device launches in key regions resulting from the impacts of COVID-19; however, the timing of such deployments may be delayed and consumer demand for devices that are launched has been and may continue to be negatively impacted by COVID-19. The degree to which such delays and lower demand impacts our future business, financial condition and results of operations will depend on future developments, which are uncertain. We believe that 5G technologiestechnologies will empower a new era of smartphones and connected devices. We also believe that 5G will drive transformation across industries beyond traditional cellular communications that will create new business models and new services. We believe it is important that we remain a leader in 5G technology development, standardization, intellectual property creation and licensing of 5G technologies, and to be a leading developer and supplier of 5G integrated circuit products in order to sustain and grow our business long term.
We continue to invest significant resources to develop our wireless baseband chipsets, and our converged computing/communications (Snapdragon) chipsets, which incorporate technologies in the following areas, among others: advancements in 4G and 5G, OFDM-based Wi-Fi, RFFE, connectivity, power management, graphics, audio and video codecs, multimedia, artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual/augmented reality, and all of which contribute to the expansion of our intellectual property portfolio. We are also investing in targeted opportunities that leverage our existing technical and business expertise to deploy new business models and enter and/or expand into new industry segments and applications, such as products for automotive, IoT (including the connected home, smart cities, wearables, voice and music and robotics), networking, computing and AI, such as machine learning, among others.
In addition to the foregoing business and market-based matters, we continue to devote resources to working with and educating participants in the wireless value chain and governments as to the benefits of our licensing program and our extensive technology investments in promoting a highly competitive and innovative wireless industry. However, we expect that certain companies may continue to be dissatisfied with the need to pay reasonable royalties for the use of our technology and not welcome the success of our licensing program in enabling new, highly cost-effective competitors to their products. Accordingly, such companies, and/or governments or regulators, may continue to challenge our business model in various forums throughout the world.
Further discussion of risks related to our business is presentedprovided in the Risk Factorssection labeled “Risk Factors” included in this Quarterly Report.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal sources of liquidity are our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, cash generated from operations and cash provided by our debt programs and proceeds from the issuance of common stock under our stock option and employee stock purchase plans.programs. The following table presents selected financial information related to our liquidity as of June 30, 2019March 29, 2020 and September 30, 201829, 2019 and for the first ninesix months of fiscal 20192020 and 20182019 (in millions):

March 29,
2020		September 29,
2019		Change
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities$9,979  $12,296  $(2,317) 
Accounts receivable, net3,081  2,471  610  
Inventories1,700  1,400  300  
Short-term debt2,499  2,496  3  
Long-term debt13,449  13,437  12  
Noncurrent income taxes payable1,879  2,088  (209) 

Six Months Ended
March 29,
2020		March 31,
2019		Change
Net cash provided by operating activities$2,201  $1,150  $1,051  
Net cash used by investing activities(1,769) (261) (1,508) 
Net cash used by financing activities(3,868) (2,531) (1,337) 
 June 30,
2019		 September 30,
2018		 $ Change % Change
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities$14,394
 $12,123
 $2,271
 19%
Accounts receivable, net2,390
 2,904
 (514) (18%)
Inventories1,774
 1,693
 81
 5%
Short-term debt3,000
 1,005
 1,995
 199%
Long-term debt13,426
 15,365
 (1,939) (13%)
Noncurrent income taxes payable2,114
 2,312
 (198) (9%)
 Nine Months Ended
 June 30,
2019		 June 24,
2018		 $ Change % Change
Net cash provided by operating activities$6,059
 $4,331
 $1,728
 40%
Net cash (used) provided by investing activities(469) 2,615
 (3,084) (118%)
Net cash used by financing activities(3,446) (3,506) 60
 (2%)
The net increasedecrease in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities was primarily due to net cash provided by operating activities, partially offset by $2.3 billion in cash dividends paid, $1.1 billion in payments to repurchase shares of our common stock, $570$1.4 billion in cash dividends paid, $641 million in capital expenditures and $225$232 million in payments of tax withholdings related to the vesting of share-based awards. Theawards, partially offset by net increase in total cash provided by operating activities included and $174 million in proceeds from the settlement with Apple and its contract manufacturers, as well as lower segment revenues and the impactissuance of timing of payments of customer-related liabilities.common stock.
Our days sales outstanding, on a consolidated basis (excluding the impact of the settlement agreements with Apple and its contract manufacturers), increased to 44 at June 30, 2019, as compared to 30 at September 30, 2018. The increase in days sales outstanding was primarily due to the adoption of the new revenue recognition accounting guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2019. The decrease in accounts receivable was primarily due to an increase in QCT revenues combined with the settlement with Apple and its contract manufacturers and decrease intiming of QCT integrated circuit shipments partially offsetduring the quarter and a decrease in the relative proportion of customer incentive arrangements
29

recorded as a reduction to QCT accounts receivable at March 29, 2020, as compared to September 29, 2019. The increase in inventories was primarily driven by the adoption of the new revenue recognition accounting guidanceramp in the first quarter of fiscal 2019. Inventories remained largely flat in the first nine-months of fiscal 2019.5G.
Debt. At March 29, 2020, we had $15.5 billion of principal floating- and fixed-rate notes outstanding, $2.0 billion of which mature in May 2020. The remaining debt has maturity dates in 2022 through 2047.
Our Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Facility (Revolving Credit Facility) provides for unsecured revolving facility loans, swing line loans and letters of credit in the aggregate amount of up to $5.0$4.5 billion, of which $530 million and $4.47 billion will expire in Februaryexpires on November 8, 2021. At March 29, 2020, and November 2021, respectively. At June 30, 2019, no amounts were outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility.
We have an unsecured commercial paper program, which currently provides for the issuance of up to $5.0$4.5 billion of commercial paper. Net proceeds from this program are used for general corporate purposes. At June 30, 2019,March 29, 2020, we had $998$499 million of commercial paper outstanding with a weighted-average interest rate of 2.57% and weighted-average remaining daysoutstanding.
We currently expect to maturity of 28 days.
In May 2017, we issued an aggregate principal amount of $11.0 billion in nine tranches of unsecured floating- and fixed-rate notes, of which $7.0 billion remains outstanding with maturity dates in 2023 through 2047. Effective interest rates were between 2.70% and 4.47% at June 30, 2019. Interest is payable in arrears quarterly for the floating-rate notes and semi-annually for the fixed-rate notes.
In May 2015, we issued an aggregate principal amount of $10.0 billion in eight tranches of unsecured floating- and fixed-rate notes, of which $8.5 billion remains outstanding with maturity dates in 2020 through 2045. Effective interest rates were between 2.84% and 4.73% at June 30, 2019. Interest is payable in arrears quarterly for the floating-rate notes and semi-annually for the fixed-rate notes.
We may issue additional debt in the near future. COVID-19 has led to disruption and volatility in the global capital markets, which may adversely impact the cost of and access to capital. The amount and timing of such additional borrowings, if any, will be subject todepend on a number of factors, including maturities of our existing debt, acquisitions and strategic investments, acceptable interest rates and changes in corporate income tax law, among other factors.
law. Additional information regarding our outstanding debt at June 30, 2019 is provided in this Quarterly Report in “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 5. Debt.”6. Debt” in our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Income Taxes. The Tax Legislation, which was signed into law during the first quarter of fiscal 2018, resulted in a $5.2 billion charge recognized in fiscal 2018 related to the Toll Charge. After application of certain tax credits (including excess


tax credits that are expected to be generated in fiscal 2019), the total cash payment is expected to be $2.5 billion. The first payment was made on January 15, 2019. At June 30, 2019,March 29, 2020, we estimated remaining future payments of $2.3$2.1 billion for the Toll Charge,one-time U.S. repatriation tax accrued in fiscal 2018 (Toll Charge), after application of certain tax credits, (including excess tax credits that are expected to be generated in fiscal 2019), which is payable in installments over the next seven years. six years. At June 30, 2019, we estimatedMarch 29, 2020, other current liabilities included $176 millionreflecting our estimate of the next installment due in January 2020 is $209 million and was included in other current liabilities.2021.
Additional information regarding our income taxes is provided in this Quarterly Report in “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 3. Income Taxes.”
Capital Return Program. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, we announced a stock repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase up to $30 billion of our common stock. In fiscal 2018, we entered into three accelerated share repurchase agreements (ASR Agreements) to repurchase an aggregate of $16 billion of our common stock, with 178.4 million shares initially delivered to us under the ASR Agreements and retired. Pursuant to the terms of the ASR Agreements, the final number of shares and the average purchase price will be determined at the end of the applicable purchase periods, which are scheduled to occur in early September 2019 but may occur earlier in certain circumstances. In the first ninesix months of fiscal 2019,2020, we repurchased and retired 17.729.3 million shares of our common stock for $1.1$2.3 billion, before commissions. At June 30, 2019, $7.8March 29, 2020, $4.7 billion remained authorized for repurchase under the stock repurchase program.program
. Our stock repurchase program has significantly reduced and we expect that it will continueis subject to reduce the amount of cash that we have available to fund our operations including research and development, working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, investments, dividends and other corporate purposes; and increases our exposure to adverse economic, market, industry and competitive conditions and developments, and other changes in our business and our industry. This stock repurchase program has no expiration date. However, we periodically evaluate repurchases as a means of returning capital to stockholdersperiodic evaluations to determine when and if repurchases are in the best interests of our stockholders, and we may accelerate, suspend, delay or discontinue repurchases at any time. Subsequent to March 29, 2020, to maintain our financial liquidity position and flexibility, we suspended our stock repurchases, at least for the near-term, in light of COVID-19. We have the ability to reinstate repurchases if we determine it to be in the best interest of stockholders.
InOn March 10, 2020, we announced a 5% increase in our quarterly dividend per share of common stock from $0.62 to $0.65, which is effective for dividends payable after March 26, 2020.In the first ninesix months of fiscal 2019,2020, we paid cash dividends totaling $2.3$1.4 billion, or $1.86 $1.24 per share. On July 24, 2019,April 21, 2020, we announced a cash dividend of $0.62 $0.65 per share on our common stock, payable on September 26, 2019June 25, 2020 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on September 12, 2019.June 4, 2020. Wecurrently intend to continue to use cash dividends as a means of returning capital to stockholders, subject to capital availability, andwhich may be impacted by COVID-19, and our view that cash dividends are in the best interests of our stockholders, among other factors.
Additional Capital Requirements. We believe our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, our expected cash flow generated from operations and our expected financing activities will satisfy ourExpected working and other capital requirements for at least the next 12 months basedare described in our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K in “Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” At March 29, 2020, there have been no material changes to our current business plans. Recent and expected working and other capital requirements described in additionour 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K. At March 29, 2020, $1.4 billion was accrued related to the above matters, also include the items described below.
Our purchase obligations at June 30, 2019, some of which relate to research and development activities and capital expenditures, totaled $2.2 billion and $890 million for fiscal 2019 and 2020, respectively, and $489 million thereafter.
Our research and development expenditures were $4.0 billion in the first nine months of fiscal 2019 and $5.6 billion in fiscal 2018, and we expect to continue to invest heavily in research and development for new technologies, applications and services for voice and data communications.
Cash outflows for capital expenditures were $570 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2019 and $784 million in fiscal 2018. We expect to continue to incur capital expenditures in the future to support our business, including research and development activities.
The EC imposed two fines on us, and $1.4 billion was accrued at June 30, 2019imposed by the EC (based on the exchange rate at June 30, 2019,March 29, 2020, including related foreign currency gains and accrued interest). We have provided or intend to provide, additional financial guarantees in lieu of cash payment to satisfy the obligations while we appeal the EU’sEC’s decisions.
•
Beginning on August 4, 2019, for a period of 60 days, we have the option to acquire (and the minority owner has the option to sell) the minority ownership interest in the RF360 Holdings joint venture for $1.15 billion, and we expect one of such options to be exercised during this period. At June 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, the accreted value of such amount was included in other current liabilities.
We expect to continue making strategic investments and acquisitions, the amounts of which could vary significantly, to open new opportunities for our technologies, obtain development resources, grow our patent portfolio or pursue new businesses.


Further, regulatory authorities in certain jurisdictions are investigating and/or have investigated our business practices and instituted proceedings against us, including the lawsuit filed against us in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California by the FTC in which a ruling was issued in favor of the FTC in May 2019, and they or other regulatory authorities may do so in the future. Additionally, certain of our direct and indirect customers and licensees, have pursued, and others may in the future pursue, litigation or arbitration against us related to our business. Unfavorable resolutions of one or more of these matters have had and could in the future have a material adverse effect on our business, revenues, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. See “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 6.5. Commitments and Contingencies” and “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report.
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Although we expect future estimated operating cash flows to be adversely affected by the impact of COVID-19, most significantly through reduced QTL royalty revenues and QCT equipment revenues, we believe, based on our current business plan and the facts and factors known by us, our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, our expected cash flow generated from operations and our expected financing activities will satisfy our working and other capital requirements for at least the next 12 months. See “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report, including the Risk Factor entitled “The recent coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has had an adverse effect on our business and results of operations, and we expect its impact will increase, at least in the near term.”
Contractual Obligations/Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have no significant contractual obligations not fully recorded on our consolidated balance sheets or fully disclosed in the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements.statements, or otherwise disclosed in our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K. We have no material off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Regulation S-K 303(a)(4)(ii).
Additional information regarding our financial commitments at June 30, 2019March 29, 2020 is provided in this Quarterly Report in “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 2. Composition of Certain Financial Statement Items,” “Note 3. Income Taxes,”Taxes” and “Note 5. Debt” and “Note 6. Commitments and Contingencies.”
Critical Accounting Estimates
Revenue Recognition. As a result of the adoption of ASC 606, we revised our critical accounting estimates beginning in fiscal 2019 as follows.
We derive revenues principally from sales of integrated circuit products and licensing of our intellectual property. We grant licenses or otherwise provide rights to use portions of our intellectual property portfolio, which, among other rights, includes certain patent rights essential to and/or useful in the manufacture, sale or use of certain wireless products. Licensees pay royalties based on their sales of products incorporating or using our licensed intellectual property and may also pay a fixed license fee in one or more installments. Sales-based royalties are generally based upon a percentage of the wholesale (i.e., licensee’s) selling price of complete licensed products, net of certain permissible deductions (including transportation, insurance, packing costs and other items). We broadly provide per unit royalty caps that apply to certain categories of complete wireless devices, namely smartphones, tablets and laptops, which in general, effectively provide for a maximum royalty amount per device. We estimate and recognize sales-based royalties on such licensed products in the period in which the associated sales occur, subject to certain constraints on our ability to estimate such royalties. Our estimates of sales-based royalties are based largely on an assessment of the volume of devices supplied into the market that incorporate or use our licensed intellectual property. We estimate sales-based royalties taking into consideration the mix of such sales on a licensee-by-licensee basis, as well as the licensees’ average wholesale prices of such products, and consider all information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to us. Our licensees, however, do not report and pay royalties owed for sales in any given quarter until after the conclusion of that quarter, which is generally the following quarter. As a result of recognizing revenues in the period in which the licensees’ sales occur using estimates, adjustments to revenues are required in subsequent periods to reflect changes in estimates as new information becomes available, primarily resulting from actual amounts reported by our licensees.
From time to time, regulatory authorities investigate our business practices, particularly with respect to our licensing business, and institute proceedings against us. Depending on the matter, various remedies that could result from an unfavorable resolution include, among others, the loss of our ability to enforce one or more of our patents; injunctions; monetary damages or fines or other orders to pay money; the issuance of orders to cease certain conduct or modify our business practices, such as requiring us to reduce our royalty rates, reduce the base on which our royalties are calculated, grant patent licenses to chipset manufacturers, sell chipsets to unlicensed OEMs or modify or renegotiate some or all of our existing license agreements; and determinations that some or all of our license agreements are invalid or unenforceable. Additionally, from time to time, companies initiate various strategies in an attempt to negotiate, renegotiate, reduce and/or eliminate their need to pay royalties to us for the use of our intellectual property, which may include disputing, underreporting, underpaying, not reporting and/or not paying royalties owed to us under their license agreements with us, or reporting to us in a manner that is not in compliance with their contractual obligations. In such cases, we estimate and recognize licensing revenues only when we have a contract, as defined in ASC 606, and to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenues recognized will not occur, both of which may require significant judgment. We analyze the risk of a significant revenue reversal considering both the likelihood and magnitude of the reversal and, if necessary, constrain the amount of estimated revenues recognized in order to mitigate this risk, which may result in recognizing revenues less than amounts contractually owed to us.


On May 21, 2019, in United States Federal Trade Commission (FTC) v. QUALCOMM Incorporated, the court issued an Order ruling against us and imposing certain injunctive relief (see “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 6. Commitments and Contingencies”). While we believe that our business practices do not violate either antitrust law or our FRAND (fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory) licensing commitments, significant evaluation and judgment were required in determining the impact of such ruling on the amount of licensing revenues estimated and recognized in the third quarter of fiscal 2019. This included, among other items: (i) evaluating whether our license agreements remain valid and enforceable, (ii) evaluating licensees’ conduct and whether they remain committed to perform their respective obligations and (iii) determining the expected impact, if any, to the current period of any license agreements that may be renegotiated and/or are newly entered into as a result of the ruling while the stay and appeal are pending. Based on this evaluation, the impact of the ruling was not material to QTL licensing revenues in the third quarter of fiscal 2019 based on facts and factors currently known by us. As new information becomes available, we may be required to make adjustments to revenues in subsequent periods to reflect changes in estimates and/or this matter could have a material adverse effect on our ability to recognize future licensing revenues.
Recent Accounting PronouncementsGuidance
Information regarding recent accounting pronouncementsguidance and the impact of those pronouncementssuch guidance on our consolidated financial statements is provided in this Quarterly Report in “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 1. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies Update.”
Risk Factors
You should consider each of the following factors in evaluating our business and our prospects. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial may also negatively impact our business, and results of operations, financial condition and cash flows, and require significant management time and attention. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could decline.decline. In addition to the risks and uncertainties set forth in the Risk Factor below entitled “The recent coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has had an adverse effect on our business and results of operations, and we expect its impact will increase, at least in the near term,” many of the risks and uncertainties set forth in the other Risk Factors below will be exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, government and business responses thereto and any further resulting decline in the global business and economic environment. You should also consider the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report in evaluating our business and our prospects, including but not limited to our financial statements and the related notes, and “Part I, Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” References to “and” and “or” should be read to include the other as well as “and/or,” as appropriate.
Risks Related to Our Businesses
The recent coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has had an adverse effect on our business and results of operations, and we expect its impact will increase, at least in the near term.
The rapid, global spread of COVID-19 and the fear it has created has resulted in significant economic uncertainty, significant declines in business and consumer confidence and global demand in the wireless industry (among others), a global economic slowdown, and could lead to a global recession. Government policies and other preventive and precautionary measures that we, other businesses and governments have implemented to limit the spread of COVID-19, including but not limited to travel bans and restrictions, quarantines, shelter-in-place and social distancing orders, declarations of states of emergency and shutdowns, have exacerbated these issues and we expect will continue to do so, at least in the near term. Specifically, the decline in demand for smartphones and other consumer devices sold by our customers or licensees has resulted in decreased demand for our integrated circuit products (which are incorporated into such devices) and a decrease in the royalties we earn on the licensing of our intellectual property (which is dependent upon the number of such devices sold that utilize our intellectual property).
We expect that demand for our products and demand for the products of our customers or licensees will be increasingly negatively impacted in the near term, and to the extent that economic uncertainty, business and consumer confidence, demand for our products and demand for the products of our customers or licensees does not improve, our business and results of operations will be further negatively impacted.
The COVID-19 pandemic, and government policies and business measures in response thereto, such as those described above, have also negatively impacted the global wireless supply chain and workforce, including the manufacturing facilities and workforces of our suppliers, customers and licensees. In particular, travel bans and restrictions, quarantines, shelter-in-
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place and social distancing orders, declarations of states of emergency and shutdowns have resulted in longer product cycle times, transportation, shipment and delivery delays, additional costs and reductions in output across the supply chain. However, to date, we have not seen a significant impact on our manufacturing facilities, the ability of our suppliers to deliver on their commitments to us, or our ability to ship our products to our customers, and we expect this to continue to be true, at least in the near term.
Nonetheless, continued negative effects on the global wireless supply chain could result in a reduction in our ability, or our inability, to supply our products to our customers, or a reduction in the ability, or the inability, of our suppliers to deliver on their commitments to us or of our customers or licensees to supply their products to consumers or other end users. In addition, if the suppliers (or their suppliers) that we rely on to perform the manufacturing and assembly, and most of the testing, of our integrated circuits produced in our fabless production model, the suppliers (or their suppliers) of raw materials or products utilized in our facilities that manufacture our RFFE modules and RF filter acoustic products, or our sources of distribution or transportation, continue to be or are further impacted, we may need to procure alternative or additional suppliers or sources of distribution or transportation, which may not be available or which may increase our costs or cause delays in our ability to provide our products to our customers or licensees. This risk is exacerbated to the extent we procure products, services or materials from a single source or limited sources. See also the Risk Factor entitled “We depend on a limited number of third-party suppliers for the procurement, manufacture and testing of our products manufactured in a fabless production model. If we fail to execute supply strategies that provide technology leadership, supply assurance and reasonable margins, our business and results of operations may be harmed. We are also subject to order and shipment uncertainties that could negatively impact our results of operations.”
Further, the spread of COVID-19 has caused us to modify our workforce practices, and we may take further actions that we determine are in the best interests of our employees or as required by governments. Since January 2020, we have complied with government restrictions in China which have limited our employees’ ability to work in our offices in China, although such restrictions have since lessened. On March 12, 2020, we announced a global mandatory work from home policy for all of our other employees who are able to perform their jobs remotely, which remains in place. Prior to this announcement, we took various other measures to mitigate the risk to our employees and operations globally, including certain employee travel and visitor restrictions, and cancellation of or limitations on physical participation in meetings, events and conferences, among others. On March 19, 2020, California, where our corporate headquarters is located, issued a shelter-in-place order, and other states and countries where we have employees have implemented similar restrictions. While this has not been the case to date, our business and results of operations could be negatively affected if a significant number of our employees, or employees who perform critical functions such as certain engineering employees, employees necessary to maintain the continuity of our business operations, or employees that are critical to complete and support our key accounting close processes, financial reporting systems, internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures, become ill and/or are quarantined as the result of exposure to COVID-19, or if government policies restrict the ability of those employees to perform their critical functions. Any actions we take with respect to our workforce may not be sufficient to mitigate the risks posed by COVID-19, and our ability to perform critical functions could be harmed.
We expect the foregoing demand, supply and workforce issues to continue, and in some instances increase, at least in the near term. Our business, financial condition and results of operations could also be impacted by delayed, reduced or cancelled customer orders; the inability of our customers or licensees to purchase or pay for our products or technologies; the insolvency of key suppliers, customers or licensees; delays in reporting or payments from our customers or licensees; or failures by other counterparties.
Further, trade and/or national security protection policies may be adjusted as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, such as actions by governments that limit, restrict or prevent the movement of certain goods into a country and/or region, and current U.S./China trade relations may be further exacerbated by the pandemic.
We monitor goodwill and other long-lived assets for events or changes in circumstances in interim periods that could indicate such assets may be impaired. At September 29, 2019, the estimated fair values of our QCT and QTL reporting units were substantially in excess of their respective carrying values. Based on facts and factors currently known by us, we did not record any impairment of goodwill or other long-lived assets during the second quarter of fiscal 2020 as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business. Although we believe that our estimates and the assumptions supporting our impairment assessments are reasonable, future events or changes in circumstances could cause us to conclude that impairment indicators exist, and that goodwill or other long-lived assets are impaired.
In addition, in the second quarter of fiscal 2020, we recorded impairment losses on certain of our equity method and non-marketable equity and debt investments in part resulting from the impact of COVID-19, and we may in the future record additional impairment losses in part or entirely resulting from COVID-19. Any resulting impairment losses in the future could have an adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations. Further, while we have experienced
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minimal impact to date, our customers or licensees may experience a negative impact to their cash flow, which may impact our ability to recognize revenues and/or result in the recognition of an allowance for doubtful accounts related to our accounts receivables, both of which would adversely impact our results of operations.
The degree to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our future business, financial condition and results of operations will depend on future developments, which are uncertain, including but not limited to the duration, spread and severity of the pandemic, government responses and other actions to mitigate the spread of and to treat COVID-19, and when and to what extent normal business, economic and social activity and conditions resume. We are similarly unable to predict the extent to which the pandemic impacts our customers, licensees, suppliers and other partners (and their suppliers and partners) and their financial conditions, but adverse effects on these parties could also adversely affect us. Finally, the COVID-19 pandemic makes it challenging for management to estimate the future performance of our business.
Our revenues depend on commercial network deployments, expansions and upgrades of CDMA, OFDMA and other communications technologies, including 5G; our customers’ and licensees’ sales of products and services based on these technologies; and customers’ demand for our products and services.
We develop, patent and commercialize technology and products based on CDMA, OFDMA and other communications technologies, which are primarily wireless. We depend on operators of wireless networks and our customers and licensees to adopt and implement the latest generation of these technologies for use in their networks, devices and services. We also depend on our customers and licensees to develop devices and services based on these technologies with value-added features to drive consumer demand for new 3G/4G and 3G/4G/5G multi-modemultimode devices, as well as 3G, 4G and 5G single-mode devices, and to establish the selling prices for such devices. Further, we dependthe timing of our shipment of products and completion of services is dependent on the timing of our customers’ and licensees’ deployments of new devices and services based on these technologies. Increasingly, we also depend on operators of wireless networks, our customers and licensees and other third parties to incorporate these technologies into new device types and into industries and applications beyond traditional cellular communications, such as automotive, computing, IoT (including the connected home, smart cities, wearables, voice and music and robotics), and networking, computing and artificial intelligence (AI), such as machine learning, among others.
We have historically been successful during wireless technology transitions.transitions, including 3G and 4G. The nextlatest generation of wireless technologies is 5G, which we expect will empower a new era of connected devices and will be utilized not only in handsets but also in new device types, industries and applications beyond traditional cellular communications. Initial commercialcommunications, as described above (see also Part I, Item 1, “Business” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for further description of 5G). Commercial deployments of 5G networks and devices have begun and will continue in 2019through fiscal 2020 and beyond. However, the timing and scale of such deployments, in certain regions, may be delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We believe it is important that we beremain a leader in 5G technology development, standardization, intellectual property creationcreation and technology licensing, and that we develop, commercialize and be a leading supplier of 5G integrated circuit products and services, in order to sustain and grow our business long-term.
Our revenues and growth in revenues could be negatively impacted, our business may be harmed and our substantial investments in these technologies may not provide us an adequate return, if:
•wireless operators and industries beyond traditional cellular communications deploy alternative technologies;
•wireless operators delay next-generation network deployments, expansions or upgrades or delay moving customers to 3G/4G and 3G/4G/5G multi-modemultimode devices, as well as 3G, 4G and 5G single-mode devices;


LTE, an OFDMA-based wireless technology, is not more widely deployed or further commercial deployment is delayed;
•government regulators delay making sufficient spectrum available for 3G, 4G and 5G wireless technologies, including unlicensed spectrum and shared spectrum technologies, thereby restrictingdelaying or precluding the ability of wireless operators to deployinitial deployment or expand the useexpanded deployment of these technologies;
•wireless operators delay or do not drive improvements in 3G, 4G or 5G, or 3G/4G or 3G/4G multi-mode4G/5G multimode network performance and capacity;
•our customers’ and licensees’ revenues and sales of products, particularly premium-tier products, and services using these technologies, and average selling prices (ASPs) of such products, decline, do not grow or do not grow as anticipatedmeaningfully due to, for example, the maturity of smartphone penetration in developed regions;regions and China;
•our intellectual property and technical leadership included in the continued 5G standardization effort is differentless than in 3G and 4G standards;
•the continued standardization andor commercial deployment of 5G technologies is delayed;delayed or not widely deployed and/or adopted;
•we are unable to drive the adoption of our products and services into networks and devices, including devices beyond traditional cellular applications, based on CDMA, OFDMA and other communications technologies; or
•consumers’ rates of replacement of smartphones and other computing devices decline, do not grow or do not grow as anticipated.meaningfully.
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Our industry is subject to competition in an environment of rapid technological change. Our success depends in part on our ability to adapt to such change thatand compete effectively; and such change and competition could result in decreased demand for our products, services and technologies or declining average selling prices for our products or those of our customers or licensees.
Our products, services and technologies face significant competition. We expect competition to increase as our current competitors expand their product offeringsofferings, improve their products or reducereduce the prices of their products as part of a strategy to maintain existing business and customers or attract new business and customers, as new opportunities develop, and as new competitors enter the industry. Competition in wireless communications is affected by various factors that include, among others: device manufacturerOEM concentrations; vertical integration; growth in demand, consumption and competition in certain geographic regions; government intervention or support of national industries or competitors; evolving industry standards and business models; evolving methods of transmission of voice and data communications; increasing data traffic and densification of wireless networks; convergence and aggregation of connectivity technologies (including Wi-Fi and LTE) in both devices and access points; consolidation of wireless technologies and infrastructure at the network edge; networking and connectivity trends (including cloud services); use of licensed, shared and unlicensed spectrum; the evolving nature of computing (including demand for always on, always connected capabilities); the speed of technological change (including the transition to smaller geometry process technologies); value-added features that drive selling prices and consumer demand for new 3G/4G and 3G/4G/5G multi-modemultimode devices, as well as 3G, 4G and 5G single-mode devices; turnkey, integrated products that incorporate hardware, software, user interface, applications and reference designs; scalability; and the ability of the system technology to meet customers’ immediate and future network requirements.
We anticipate that additional competitors will introduce products as a result of growth opportunities in wireless communications, the trend toward global expansion by foreign and domestic competitors, technological and public policy changes and relatively low barriers to entry in certain segments of the industry. Additionally, the semiconductor industry has experienced and may continue to experience consolidation, which could result in significant changes to the competitive landscape.
We expect that our future success will depend on, among other factors, our ability to:
•differentiate our integrated circuit products with innovative technologies across multiple products and features (e.g., modem, radio frequencyRadio Frequency front-end (RFFE), graphics and other processors, camera and connectivity) and with smaller geometry process technologies that drive performance;both performance and lower power consumption;
•develop and offer integrated circuit products at competitive cost and price points to effectively cover both emerging and developedall geographic regions and all device tiers;
•drive the adoption of our integrated circuit products into the most popular device models and across a broad spectrum of devices, such as smartphones, tablets, laptops and other computing devices, automobiles, wearables, and voice and music and other connected devices and infrastructure products;
•maintain or accelerate demand for our integrated circuit products at the premium device tier, while increasingalso driving the adoption of our 5G products ininto high, mid- and low-tier devices in part by strengthening our integrated circuit product roadmap for, and developing channel relationships in, emerging regions, such as China and India, and by providing turnkey products, which incorporate our integrated circuits, for low- and mid-tier smartphones, tablets and laptops;across all regions;
•continue to be a leader in 4G and 5G technology evolution including expansion of our LTE-based single-mode licensing program in areas where single-mode products are commercialized, and continue to innovate and introduce 4G and 5G turnkey, integrated products and services that differentiate us from our competition;


be•remain a leader in 5G technology development, standardization, intellectual property creation and licensing, and develop, commercialize and be a leading supplier of 5G integrated circuit products and services;
•increase or accelerate demand for our semiconductor component products, including RFFE, and our wired and wireless connectivity products, including networking products for consumers, carriers and enterprise equipment and connected devices;
•become a leading supplier of RFFE products, which are designed to address cellular radio frequencyRF band fragmentation while improving radio frequencyRF performance and assist original equipment manufacturersOEMs in developing multiband, multi-modemultimode mobile devices;
•create standalone value and contribute to the success of our existing businesses through acquisitions, joint ventures and other transactions, and by developing customer, licensee, vendor, distributor and other channel relationships in new industry segments and with disruptive technologies, products and services, such as products for automotive, computing, IoT (including the connected home, smart cities, wearables, voice and music and robotics), and networking, computing and AI, such as machine learning, among others;
be a leader serving original equipment manufacturers, high level operating systems (HLOS) providers, operators, cloud providers and other industry participants as competitors, new industry entrants and other factors continue to affect the industry landscape;
be a preferred partner and sustain preferred relationships providing integrated circuit products that support multiple operating system and infrastructure platforms to industry participants that effectively commercialize new devices using these platforms;
•identify potential acquisition targets that will grow or sustain our business or address strategic needs, reach agreement on terms acceptable to us, close the transactions and effectively integrate these new businesses, products and technologies;
•provide a leading service to OEMs, high level operating systems (HLOS) providers, operators, cloud providers and other industry participants as competitors, new industry entrants and other factors continue to affect the industry landscape;
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•be a preferred partner and sustain preferred relationships providing integrated circuit products that support multiple operating system and infrastructure platforms to industry participants that effectively commercialize new devices using these platforms; and
•continue to develop brand recognition to effectively compete against better known companies in computing and other consumer driven segments and to deepen our presence in significant emerging regions and China.
We compete with many different semiconductor companies, ranging from multinational companies with integrated research and development, manufacturing, sales and marketing organizations across a broad spectrum of product lines, to companies that are focused on a single application, industry segment or standard product, including those that produce products for RFFE, automotive, computing, IoT and networking applications. Most of these competitors compete with us with respect to some, but not all, of our businesses. Companies that design integrated circuits based on CDMA, OFDMA, Wi-Fi or their derivatives are generally competitors or potential competitors. Examples (some of which are strategic partners of ours in other areas) include Broadcom, Cirrus Logic, Cypress Semiconductor, HiSilicon, Intel, Marvell, Maxim, MediaTek, Microchip Technology, Murata, Nordic Semiconductor, Nvidia, NXP Semiconductors, Qorvo, Realtek Semiconductor, Renesas, Samsung, Sequans Communications, Skyworks and Spreadtrum Communications (which is controlled by Tsinghua Unigroup). Some of these current and potential competitors may have advantages over us that include, among others: motivation by our customers in certain circumstances to use our competitors’ integrated circuit products, to utilize their own internally-developed integrated circuit products or sell such products to others, or to choose alternative technologies; lower cost structures or a willingness and ability to accept lower prices or lower or negative margins for their products, particularly in China; foreign government support of other technologies, competitors or OEMs that sell devices that do not contain our chipsets; better known brand names; ownership and control of manufacturing facilities and greater expertise in manufacturing processes; more extensive relationships with local distribution companies and OEMs in certain geographic regions (such as China); more experience in adjacent industry segments outside traditional cellular industries (such as automotive, computing, IoT and networking); and a more established presence in certain regions.
In particular, certain of our largest integrated circuit customers develop their own integrated circuit products, which they have in the past utilized, and currently utilize, in certain of their devices and may in the future choose to utilize in certain (or all) of their devices, rather than our products (and they may sell their integrated circuit products to third parties, discretely or together with certain of their other products, in competition with us). Also, Apple, which has historically been one of our largest customers, has utilized products of one of our competitors in many of its devices rather than our products, and is solely utilizing one of our competitors’ products in its most recent smartphone launches. In April 2019, we entered into a new multi-year chipset supply agreement with Apple. We currently expect to begin recording revenues under this agreement in the second half of fiscal 2020. However, Apple may choose to use our competitors’ products or its own modem products in one or more of its future devices.
Further, certain of our competitors develop and sell multiple components (including integrated circuit products) for use in devices and sell those components together to OEMs. Our competitors’ sales of multiple components put us (and our discrete integrated circuit products) at a competitive disadvantage. Certain of our competitors also develop and sell infrastructure equipment for wireless networks and can optimize their integrated circuit products to perform on such networks to a degree that we are not able to, which again puts us at a competitive disadvantage.
Competition in any or all product tiers may result in the loss of certain business or customers, which would negatively impact our revenues, results of operations and cash flows. Such competition may also reduce average selling prices for our chipset products or the products of our customers and licensees. Certain of these dynamics are particularly pronounced in emerging regions and China where competitors may have lower cost structures or may have a willingness and ability to accept lower prices andor lower or negative margins on their products (particularly in China).products. Reductions in the average selling prices of our chipset products, without a corresponding increase in volumes, would negatively impact our revenues, and without corresponding decreases in average unit costs, would negatively impact our margins. In addition, reductions in the average selling prices of our licensees’ products, unless offset by an increase in volumes, would generally decrease total royalties payable to us, negatively impacting our licensing revenues.
We compete with many different semiconductor companies, ranging from multinational companies with integrated research and development, manufacturing, sales and marketing organizations across a broad spectrum of product lines, to companies that are focused on a single application market segment or standard product, including those that produce products for automotive, IoT and networking applications. Most of these competitors compete with us with respect to some, but not all, of our businesses. Companies that promote standards that are neither CDMA- nor OFDMA-based (e.g., GSM) as well as companies that design integrated circuits based on CDMA, OFDMA, Wi-Fi or their derivatives are generally competitors or potential competitors. Examples (some of which are strategic partners of ours in other areas) include Actions (Zhuhai) Technology Co., LTD, Advanced Micro Devices, Inc., Altair Engineering, Inc., Ambarella, Inc., AMLogic Co., Inc., Broadcom Inc., Cypress Semiconductor Corporation, Fuzhou Rockchip Electronics Co., LTD., HiSilicon Technologies, Intel, Marvell Technology, MediaTek, Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Nvidia, NXP Semiconductors N.V., Qorvo Inc., Renesas Electronics Corporation, Samsung Electronics, Skyworks Solutions Inc., Spreadtrum Communications (which is controlled by Tsinghua Unigroup), STMicroelectronics International N.V., Texas Instruments Incorporated and Quantenna Communications, Inc. Some of these current and potential competitors may have advantages over us that include, among others: motivation by our customers in certain circumstances to use our competitors’ integrated circuit products, to utilize their own internally-developed integrated circuit products or sell such products to others, including by bundling with other products, or to choose alternative technologies; lower cost structures or a willingness and ability to accept lower prices and lower or negative margins for their products, particularly in China; foreign government support of other technologies or competitors or original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) that sell devices that do not contain our chipsets; better known brand names; ownership and control of manufacturing facilities and greater expertise in manufacturing processes; more extensive relationships with local distribution companies and OEMs in certain geographic regions (such as China); more experience in adjacent industry segments outside traditional cellular industries (such as automotive, IoT and computing); and a more established presence in certain regions.


We derive a significant portion of our consolidated revenues from a small number of customers and licensees, which increasingly includes a small number of Chinese OEMs. If revenues derived from these customers or licensees decrease or the timing of such revenues fluctuates, our business and results of operations could be negatively affected.
Our QCT segment derives a significant portion of its revenues from a small number of customers, and we expect this trend to continue in the foreseeable future. Our industry is experiencing and may continue to experience concentration of device share among a few companies, particularly at the premium tier, contributing to this trend. Chinese OEMs continue to grow their device share in China and are increasing their device share in regions outside of China, and we derive a significant and increasing portion of our revenues from a small number of these OEMs.
In addition, certain of our largest integrated
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circuit customers develop their own integrated circuit products, which they have in the past chosen toutilized, and currently utilize, in certain of their devices and may in the future choose to utilize in certain (or all) of their devices, rather than our products (and they may sell their integrated circuit products to third parties, discretely or together with certain of their other products, in competition with us). Also, Apple, which has historically been one of our largest customers, now utilizeshas utilized products of one of our competitors in many of theirits devices rather than our products, and is solely utilizing one or more of our competitor’s products in its most recent smartphone launch. Onlaunches. In April 16, 2019, we entered into a new multi-year chipset supply agreement with Apple. We do notcurrently expect to begin recording revenues under this agreement untilin the second half of fiscal 2020. However, Apple may continuechoose to use our competitors’ products or its own modem products in one or more of its future devicesdevices.
Similarly, certain of our Chinese OEM customers have developed and others may in the future develop their own integrated circuit products and utilize its own modemuse such integrated circuit products, or other integrated circuit products, in their devices rather than our integrated circuit products, in one or moreincluding due to pressure from the Chinese government as part of its future devices.broader economic policies, the OEMs’ concerns over losing access to our integrated circuit products as a result of U.S./China trade tensions, or otherwise.
Further, political actions, including trade and/or national security protection policies, or other actions by governments, have in the past, currently are and could in the future limit or prevent us from transacting business with certain of our customers, or limit or prevent certain of our customers from transacting business with us.
In addition, we spend a significant amount of engineering and development time, funds and resources in understanding our key customers’ feedback and/or specifications and attempt to incorporate such input into our product launches and technologies. These efforts may not require or result in purchase commitments from such customers or we may have lower purchases from such customers than expected, and consequently, we may not achieve the anticipated revenues from these efforts, or these efforts may result in non-recoverable costs.
The loss of any one of our significant customers, a reduction in the purchases of our products by such customers or the cancelation of significant purchases by any of these customers, whether due to the use of their own integrated circuit products or our competitors’ integrated circuit products, government restrictions or otherwise, would reduce our revenues and could harm our ability to achieve or sustain expected results of operations, and a delay of significant purchases, even if only temporary, would reduce our revenues in the period of the delay. Any such reduction in revenues would also impact our cash resources available for other purposes, such as research and development. Further, the concentration of device share among a few companies, and the corresponding purchasing power of these companies, may result in lower prices for our products which, if not accompanied by a sufficient increase in the volume of purchases of our products, could have an adverse effect on our revenues and margins. In addition, the timing and size of purchases by our significant customers may be impacted by the timing of such customers’ new or next generation product introductions, over which we have no control, and the timing and success of such introductions may cause our revenues and results of operations to fluctuate. Accordingly, if current industry dynamics and concentrations continue, our QCT segment’s revenues will continue to depend largely upon, and be impacted by, future purchases, and the timing and size of any such future purchases, by these significant customers.
Further, to the extent Apple purchases our modem products, it purchases our Mobile Data Modem (MDM) products,MDM (or thin modem) products, which do not include our integrated application processor technology, and which have lower revenue and margin contributions than our combined modem and application processor products. To the extent Apple takes device share from our customers who purchase our integrated modem and application processor products, our revenues and margins may be negatively impacted.
Further, companies that develop HLOS for devices, including leading technology companies, now sell their own devices. If we fail to effectively partner or continue partnering with these companies, or with their partners or customers, they may decide not to purchase (either directly or through their contract manufacturers), or to reduce or discontinue their purchases of, our integrated circuit products.
In addition, there has been and continues to be litigation among certain of our customers and other industry participants, and the potential outcomes of such litigation, including but not limited to injunctions against devices that incorporate our products or intellectual property, and rulings on certain patent law or patent licensing issues that create new legal precedent, could impact our business, particularly if such action impacts one of our larger customers.
Although we have more than 300 licensees, our QTL segment derives a significant portion of its revenues from a limited number of licensees, which increasingly includes a small number of Chinese OEMs. In the event that one or more of our significant licensees fail to meet their reporting and payment obligations, or we are unable to renew or modify one or more of such license agreements including standard-essential patent only license agreements, under similar terms, our revenues, results of operations and cash flows would be adversely impacted. Moreover, the future growth and success of our core licensing business will depend in part on the ability of our licensees to develop, introduce and deliver high-volume products that achieve and sustain customer acceptance. We do not have no control over the product development, sales efforts or pricing of


products by our licensees, and our licensees might not be successful.
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Reductions in sales of our licensees’ products, or reductions in the average selling prices of wireless devices sold by our licensees without a sufficient increase in the volumes of such devices sold, would generally have an adverse effect on our licensing revenues. Such adverse impact may be mitigated by theour per unit royalty caps that apply to certain categories of our licensees’ complete wireless devices, namely smartphones, tablets, laptops and laptops.smartwatches.
We derive a significant portion of our consolidated revenues from the premium-tier device segment. If sales of premium-tier devices decrease, or sales of our premium-tier integrated circuit products decrease, our results of operations could be negatively affected.
We derive a significant portion of our revenues from the premium-tier device segment, and we expect this trend to continue in the foreseeable future. We haveThe industry has experienced, and we expect toit will continue to experience, slowing growth in the premium-tier device segment due to, among other factors, lengthening replacement cycles in developed regions, where premium-tier smartphones are common; increasing consumer demand in emerging regions and China where premium-tier smartphones are less common and replacement cycles are on average longer than in developed regions and are continuing to lengthen; and a maturing premium-tier smartphone industry in which demand is increasingly driven by new product launches and innovation cycles.
In addition, as discussed in the prior risk factor, our industry is experiencing concentration of device share at the premium tier among a few companies, which gives them significant supply chain leverage. Further, certain of those companies have in the past utilized, currently utilize and may in the future utilize their own internally-developed integrated circuit products or our competitors’ integrated circuit products rather than our products in all or a portion of their devices. These dynamics may result in reduced sales of or lower prices for or reduced sales of our premium-tier integrated circuit products.
A reduction in sales of premium-tier devices, or a reduction in sales of our premium-tier integrated circuit products (which have a higher revenue and margin contribution than our lower-tier integrated circuit products), may or a shift in share away from OEMs that utilize our premium-tier products, would reduce our revenues and margins and may harm our ability to achieve or sustain expected financial results. Any such reduction in revenues would also impact our cash resources available for other purposes, such as research and development.
Efforts by some communications equipment manufacturersOEMs or their customers to avoid paying fair and reasonable royalties for the use of our intellectual property may require the investment of substantial management time and financial resources and may result in legal decisions or actions by governments, courts, regulators or agencies, Standards Development Organizations (SDOs) or other industry organizations that harm our business.
From time to time, companies initiate various strategies to attempt to negotiate, renegotiate, reduce and/or eliminate their need to pay royalties to us for the use of our intellectual property. These strategies have included: (i) litigation, often alleging infringement of patents held by such companies, patent misuse, patent exhaustion, patent invalidity or unenforceability of our patents or licenses, taking a position that we do not license our patents on fair, reasonable and nondiscriminatory (FRAND) terms, or alleging some form of unfair competition or competition law violation; (ii) taking positions contrary to our understanding (and/or the plain language) of their contracts with us; (iii) appeals to governmental authorities; (iv) collective action, including working with wireless operators, standards bodies, other like-minded companies and other organizations, on both formal and informal bases, to adopt intellectual property policies and practices that could have the effect of limiting returns on intellectual property innovations; (v) lobbying governmental regulators and elected officials for the purpose of seeking the reduction of royalty rates or the base on which royalties are calculated, of seeking to impose some form of compulsory licensing or of weakening a patent holder’s ability to enforce its rights or obtain a fair return for such rights; and (vi) licensees using various strategies to attemptattempts by licensees to shift their royalty obligation to their suppliers that results in lowering the wholesale (i.e., licensee’s) selling price on which the royalty is calculated.
In addition, certain licensees have disputed, underreported, underpaid, not reported or not paid royalties owed to us under their license agreements or reported to us in a manner that is not in compliance with their contractual obligations, and certain companies have yet to enter into or have delayed entering into or renewing license agreements with us for their use of our intellectual property, andproperty. Further, certain licensees and companies are currently engaged in such behavior and they or others may continue to do soengage in such behavior in the future. The fact that one or more licensees dispute, underreport, underpay, do not report or do not pay royalties owed to us may encourage other licensees to take similar actions or not renew their existing license agreements, and may encourage other licensees or unlicensed companies to delay entering into, or not enter into, new license agreements. Further, to the extent such licensees and companies increase their device share, the negative impact of their underreporting, underpayment, non-payment or non-reporting on our business, revenues, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows will be exacerbated.
We have been in the past and are currently subject to various litigation and governmental investigations and proceedings, including the lawsuit filed against us by the United States Federal Trade Commission (FTC).FTC. Certain of these matters are described more fully in this Quarterly Report in “Notes
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“Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 6.5. Commitments and Contingencies.” We may become subject to other litigation or governmental investigations or proceedings in the future. Additionally, certain


of our direct and indirect customers and licensees have pursued, and others may in the future pursue, litigation or arbitration against us related to our business. Unfavorable resolutions of one or more of these matters have had and could in the future have a material adverse effect on our business, revenues, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Depending onSee also the matter, various remedies thatRisk Factors below entitled “Our business, particularly our licensing business, may suffer as a result of adverse rulings in government investigations or proceedings” and “Changes in our patent licensing practices, whether due to governmental investigations or private legal proceedings challenging those practices, or otherwise, could result from an unfavorable resolution include, among others, the loss of our ability to enforce one or more of our patents; injunctions; monetary damages or fines or other orders to pay money; the issuance of orders to cease certain conduct or modifyadversely impact our business practices, such as requiring us to reduce our royalty rates, reduce the base on which our royalties are calculated, grant patent licenses to chipset manufacturers, sell chipsets to unlicensed OEMs or modify or renegotiate some or alland results of our existing license agreements; and determinations that some or all of our license agreements are invalid or unenforceable. If some or all of our license agreements are declared invalid or unenforceable and/or we are required to renegotiate these license agreements, we may not receive, or may not be able to recognize, some or any licensing or royalty revenues on the impacted license agreements unless and until we enter into new license agreements; and even licensees whose license agreements are not impacted may demand to renegotiate their agreements or invoke the dispute resolution provision in their agreements, and we may not be able to recognize some or any licensing or royalty revenues on such agreements. The renegotiation of new license agreements could lead to arbitration or litigation to resolve the licensing terms (which could be less favorable to us than existing terms), each of which could take several months or possibly years. Licensees may underreport, underpay, not report or not pay royalties owed to us pending the conclusion of such negotiations, arbitration or litigation. In addition to these issues concerning future licensing and royalty revenues, we may be sued for alleged overpayments of past royalties paid to us, including private antitrust actions seeking treble damages under U.S. antitrust laws. Further, if our Partial Stay motion in the FTC lawsuit is denied, even if the remedies imposed in that lawsuit are later overturned, it would cause irreparable harm to our business. Any such events could result in a materially negative impact on our financial condition, in which case we would have to significantly cut costs and other uses of cash, including in research and development, significantly impairing our ability to maintain product and technology leadership and invest in next generation technologies such as 5G. Further, depending on the breadth and severity of the circumstances above, we may have to reduce or eliminate our capital return programs, and our ability to timely pay our indebtedness may be impacted. If these events occur, our financial outlook and stock price could decline, possibly significantly. Further, a governmental body in a particular country or region may successfully assert and impose, remedies with effects that extend beyond the borders of that country or region. These challenges have required, and we expect that they will continue to require, the investment of significant management time and attention and have resulted, and we expect that they will continue to result, in increased legal costs until the respective matters are resolved. operations.”
In addition, in connection with our participation in SDOs, we, like other patent owners, generally have made contractual commitments to such organizations to license those of our patents that would necessarily be infringed by standard-compliant products as set forth in those commitments. Some manufacturers and users of standard-compliant products advance interpretations of these commitments that are adverse to our licensing business, including interpretations that would limit the amount of royalties that we could collect on the licensing of our standard-essential patent portfolio.
Further, some companies or entities have proposed significant changes to existing intellectual property policies for implementation by SDOs and other industry organizations with the goal of significantly devaluing standard-essential patents. For example, some have put forth proposals which would require a maximum aggregate intellectual property royalty rate for the use of all standard-essential patents owned by all of the member companies to be applied to the selling price of any product implementing the relevant standard. They have further proposed that such maximum aggregate royalty rate be apportioned to each member company with standard-essential patents based upon the number of standard-essential patents held by such company. Others have proposed that injunctions should not be an available remedy for infringement of standard-essential patents and have made proposals that could severely limit damage awards and other remedies by courts for patent infringement (e.g., by severely limiting the base upon which the royalty percentagerate may be applied). A number of these strategies are purportedly based on interpretations of the policies of certain SDOs concerning the licensing of patents that are or may be essential to industry standards and on our (or other companies’) alleged failure to abide by these policies. Some SDOs, courts and governmental agencies have adopted, and may in the future adopt, some or all of these interpretations or proposals in a manner adverse to our interests, including in litigation to which we may not be a party.
We expect that such proposals, interpretations and strategies will continue in the future, and if successful, our business model would be harmed, either by limiting or eliminating our ability to collect royalties (or by reducing the royalties we can collect) on all or a portion of our standard-essential patent portfolio, limiting our return on investment with respect to new technologies, limiting our ability to seek injunctions against infringers of our standard-essential patents, constraining our ability to make licensing commitments when submitting our technology for inclusion in future standards (which could make our technology less likely to be included in such standards) or forcing us to work outside of SDOs or other industry groups to promote our new technologies, and our revenues, results of operations and cash flows could be negatively impacted. In addition, the legal and other costs associated with asserting or defending our positions have been and continue to be significant. We assume that


such challenges, regardless of their merits, will continue into the foreseeable future and will require the investment of substantial management time and financial resources.
Our business, particularly our licensing business, may suffer as a result of adverse rulings in government investigations or proceedings.
We have been in the past and are currently subject to various governmental investigations and proceedings, particularly with respect to our licensing business, including the lawsuit filed against us by the FTC. Certain of these matters are described more fully in this Quarterly Report in “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 6.5. Commitments and Contingencies.” Key allegations or findings in those matters include, among others, that we violate FRAND licensing commitments by refusing to grant licenses to chipset makers,manufacturers, that our royalty rates are too high, that the base on which our royalties are calculated should be something less than the wholesale (i.e., licensee’s) selling price of the applicable device (minus certain permitted deductions), that we unlawfully require customers to execute a patent license before we sell them cellular modem chipsets, that we have entered into exclusive agreements with chipset customers that foreclose competition, and that we violate antitrust laws, engage in anticompetitive conduct and unfair methods of competition. We may become subject to other litigation or governmental investigations or proceedings in the future.
Unfavorable resolutions of one or more of these matters have had and could in the future have a material adverse effect on our business, revenues, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Depending on the matter, various remedies that could result from an unfavorable resolution include, among others, the loss of our ability to enforce one or more of our patents; injunctions; monetary damages or fines or other orders to pay money; the issuance of orders to cease certain conduct or modify our business practices, such as requiring us to reduce our royalty rates, reduce the base on which our
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royalties are calculated, grant patent licenses to chipset manufacturers, sell chipsets to unlicensed OEMs or modify or renegotiate some or all of our existing license agreements; and determinations that some or all of our license agreements are invalid or unenforceable. If some or all of our license agreements are declared invalid or unenforceable and/or we are required to renegotiate these license agreements, we may not receive, or may not be able to recognize, some or any licensing or royalty revenues onunder the impacted license agreements unless and until we enter into new license agreements; and even licensees whose license agreements are not impacted may demand to renegotiate their agreements or invoke the dispute resolution provision in their agreements, and we may not be able to recognize some or any licensing or royalty revenues onunder such agreements. The renegotiation of new license agreements could lead to arbitration or litigation to resolve the licensing terms, (whichwhich could be less favorable to us than existing terms),terms, and each of which could take several months or possibly years. Licensees may underreport, underpay, not report or not pay royalties owed to us pending the conclusion of such negotiations, arbitration or litigation. In addition, to these issues concerning future licensing and royalty revenues, we may be sued for alleged overpayments of past royalties paid to us, including private antitrust actions seeking treble damages under U.S. antitrust laws. Further, if our Partial Stay motionappeal in the FTC lawsuit is denied, even if the remedies imposed in that lawsuit are later overturned,unsuccessful, it would cause irreparable harm tocould have a material adverse effect on our business. Any such eventsThe occurrence of any of the above could result inhave a materially negative impactmaterial adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition, and our stock price could decline, possibly significantly, in which case we wouldmay have to significantly cut costs and other uses of cash, including in research and development, significantly impairing our ability to maintain product and technology leadership and invest in next generation technologies such as 5G. Further, depending on the breadth and severity of the circumstances above, we may have to reduce or eliminate our capital return programs, and our ability to timely pay our indebtedness may be impacted. If these events occur, our financial outlook and stock price could decline, possibly significantly. Further,In addition, a governmental body in a particular country or region may successfully assert and impose remedies with effects that extend beyond the borders of that country or region.
These challenges have required, and we expect that they will continue to require, the investment of significant management time and attention and have resulted, and we expect that they will continue to result, in increased legal costs until the respective matters are resolved.
Changes in our patent licensing practices, whether due to governmental investigations or private legal proceedings challenging those practices, or otherwise, could adversely impact our business and results of operations.
WeAs described in the Risk Factor above entitled “Our business, particularly our licensing business, may suffer as a result of adverse rulings in government investigations or proceedings,” we have been in the past and are currently subject to various governmental investigations and proceedings, andas well as private legal proceedings, challenging our patent licensing and chipset sales practices, including the lawsuit filed against us by the FTC. Certain of these matters are described more fully in this Quarterly Report in “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 6.5. Commitments and Contingencies.” Key allegations in those matters include, among others, that we violate FRAND licensing commitments by refusing to grant licenses to chipset makers, that our royalty rates are too high, that the base on which our royalties are calculated should be something less than the wholesale (i.e., licensee’s) selling price of the applicable device (minus certain permitted deductions), that we unlawfully require customers to execute a patent license before we sell them cellular modem chipsets, that we have entered into exclusive agreements with chipset customers that foreclose competition, and that we violate antitrust laws, engage in anticompetitive conduct and unfair methods of competition. We believe that one intent of certain of these investigations and legal proceedings is to reduce the amount of royalties that licensees are


required to pay to us for their use of our intellectual property. We may become subject to other litigation or governmental investigations or proceedings in the future.
We historically licensed our cellular standard-essential patents together with our other patents that may be useful to licensed products because licensees desired to obtain the commercial benefits of receiving such broad patent rights from us. However, we also licensed only our cellular standard-essential patents to certain licensees who have requested such licenses. In connection with our resolution with the China National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC),Since 2015, our standard practice in China since 2015 is to offer licenses to our 3G and 4G (and now 5G) cellular standard-essential Chinese patents for devices sold for use in China separately from our other patents. We currentlyIn addition, we also offer licenses to only our cellular standard-essential patents (including 3G, 4G and 5G) for both single modesingle-mode and multi-modemultimode devices worldwide. A number of our licensees have entered into standard-essential patent only agreements on a worldwide basis, and since 2018, an increasing number of new and existing licensees have elected to enter into worldwide license agreements covering only our cellular standard-essential patents. Going forward, we expect moreanticipate that a significant portion of our licensing revenues will continue to be derived from licensees will do so in the future.that have entered into license agreements covering only our cellular standard-essential patents. Our royalty rates for licenses to only our cellular standard-essential patents are lower than our royalty rates for licenses to substantially all of our patent portfolio. If more licensees choose to obtain a license to only our cellular standard-essential patents instead of a portfolio license than has historically been the case, our licensing revenues and earnings would be negatively impacted unless we were able to license our other patents at rates that offset all or a portion of any difference between the royalties previously received for licenses of substantially all of our patent portfolio as compared to licenses of only our cellular standard-essential patents or there was a sufficient increase in the overall volume of sales of devices upon which royalties are paid.
If we were required to grant patent licenses to chipset manufacturers (which could lead to implementing a more complex, tieredmulti-level licensing structure in which we license certain portions of our patent portfolio to chipset manufacturers and other portions to device manufacturers)OEMs), we would incur additional transaction costs, which may be significant, and we could incur delays in recognizing revenues until license negotiations were completed. In addition, our licensing revenues and earnings would be
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negatively impacted if we were not able to obtain, in the aggregate, equivalent revenues under such a multi-level licensing structure.
If we were required to reduce the royalty rates we charge underin our patent license agreements, our revenues, earnings and cash flows would be negatively impacted absent a sufficient increase in the volume of sales of devices upon which royalties are paid. Similarly, if we were required to reduce the base on which our royalties are calculated, our revenues, results of operations and cash flows would be negatively impacted unless there was a sufficient increase in the volume of sales of devices upon which royalties are paid or we were able to increase our royalty rates to offset the decrease in revenues resulting from such lower royalty base (assuming the absolute royalty dollars were below any relevant royalty caps).
If we arewere required to sell chipsets to OEMs that do not have a license to our patents, our licensing program could be negatively impacted by patent exhaustion claims raised by such unlicensed OEMs (i.e., claims that our sale of chipsets to such OEMs forecloses us from asserting any patents substantially embodied by the chipsets against such OEMs). Such sales would provide OEMs with a defense in the event we asserted our patents against them to obtain licensing revenue for those patents. This wouldcould have a material adverse effect on our licensing program and our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
To the extent that we were required to implement any of these new licensing and/or business practices, including by modifying or renegotiating our existing license agreements or pursuing other commercial arrangements, we would incur additional transaction costs, which may be significant, and we could incur delays in recognizing revenues until license negotiations were completed. The impact of any such changes to our licensing practices could vary widely and by jurisdiction, depending on the specific outcomes and the geographic scope of such outcomes. In addition, if we were required to make modifications to our licensing practices in one jurisdiction, licensees or governmental agencies in other jurisdictions may attempt to obtain similar outcomes for themselves or for such other jurisdictions, as applicable.
Finally, if our Partial Stay motionappeal in the FTC lawsuit is denied, even if the remedies imposed in that lawsuit are later overturned,unsuccessful, it would cause irreparable harm tocould have a material adverse effect on our business.
The enforcement and protection of our intellectual property rights may be expensive, could fail to prevent misappropriation or unauthorized use of our intellectual property, rights, could result in the loss of our ability to enforce one or more patents, and could be adversely affected by changes in patent laws, by laws in certain foreign jurisdictions that may not effectively protect our intellectual property rights and by ineffective enforcement of laws in such jurisdictions.
We rely primarily on patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, as well as nondisclosure and confidentiality agreements, international treaties and other methods, to protect our proprietary information, technologies and processes, including our patent portfolio. Policing unauthorized use of our products, technologies and proprietary information is difficult and time consuming. The steps we have taken have not always prevented, and we cannot be certain the steps we will take in


the future will prevent, the misappropriation or unauthorized use of our proprietary information and technologies, particularly in foreign countries where the laws may not protect our proprietary intellectual property rights as fully or as readily as U.S. laws or where the enforcement of such laws may be lacking or ineffective. See also the Risk Factor entitled “Our business and operations could suffer in the event of security breaches of our information technology systems, or other misappropriation of our technology, intellectual property or other proprietary or confidential information.”
Some industry participants who have a vested interest in devaluing patents in general, or standard-essential patents in particular, have mounted attacks on certain patent systems, increasing the likelihood of changes to established patent laws. In the United States, there is continued discussion regarding potential patent law changes and current and potential future litigation regarding patents, the outcomes of which could be detrimental to our licensing business. The laws in certain foreign countries in which our products are or may be manufactured or sold, including certain countries in Asia, may not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws in the United States. We expect that the European Union (EU) will adopt a unitary patent system in the next few years that may broadly impact that region’s patent regime. We cannot predict with certainty the long-term effects of any potential changes. In addition, we cannot be certain that the laws and policies of any country or the practices of any standards bodies, foreign or domestic, with respect to intellectual property enforcement or licensing or the adoption of standards, will not be changed in the future in a way detrimental to our licensing program or to the sale or use of our products or technologies.
We have had, currently have, and may in the future have, difficulty in certain circumstances in protecting or enforcing our intellectual property rights and contracts, including collecting royalties for use of our patent portfolio due to, among others: refusal by certain licensees to report and pay all or a portion of the royalties they owe to us; policies of foreign governments; challenges to our licensing practices under competition laws; adoption of mandatory licensing provisions by foreign jurisdictions; failure of foreign courts to recognize and enforce judgments of contract breach and damages issued by courts in the United States; and challenges before competition agencies to our licensing business and the pricing and integration of additional features and functionality into our chipset products. Certain licensees have disputed, underreported,
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underpaid, not reported andor not paid royalties owed to us under their license agreements with us or reported to us in a manner that is not in compliance with their contractual obligations, and certain companies have yet to enter into or have delayed entering into or renewing license agreements for their use of our intellectual property, and suchproperty. Further, certain licensees and companies are currently engaged in such behavior and they or others may continue to do soengage in such behavior in the future. The fact that one or more licensees dispute, underreport, underpay, do not report andor do not pay royalties owed to us may encourage other licensees to take similar actions or not renew their existing license agreements, and may encourage other licensees or unlicensed companies to delay entering into, or not enter into, new license agreements. Additionally, although our license agreements provide us with the right to audit the books and records of licensees, audits can be expensive, time consuming, incomplete and subject to dispute. Further, certain licensees may not comply with the obligation to provide full access to their books and records. To the extent we do not aggressively enforce our rights under our license agreements, licensees may not comply with their existing license agreements, and to the extent we do not aggressively pursue unlicensed companies to enter into license agreements with us for their use of our intellectual property, other unlicensed companies may not enter into license agreements. Similarly, we provide access to certain of our intellectual property and proprietary and confidential business information to our direct and indirect customers and licensees, who have in the past and may in the future wrongfully use such intellectual property and information or wrongfully disclose such intellectual property and information to third parties, including our competitors.competitors. See also the Risk Factor entitled “Efforts by some OEMs or their customers to avoid paying fair and reasonable royalties for the use of our intellectual property may require the investment of substantial management time and financial resources and may result in legal decisions or actions by governments, courts, regulators or agencies, Standards Development Organizations (SDOs) or other industry organizations that harm our business.”
We have engaged in litigation and arbitration in the past and may need to further litigate or arbitrate in the future to enforce our contract and intellectual property rights, protect our trade secrets or determine the validity and scope of proprietary rights of others. As a result of any such litigation or arbitration, we could lose our ability to enforce one or more patents, portions of our license agreements could be determined to be invalid or unenforceable (which may in turn result in other licensees either not complying with their existing license agreements or initiating litigation)litigation or arbitration), license terms (including but not limited to royalty rates for the use of our intellectual property) could be imposed that are less favorable to us than existing terms, and we could incur substantial costs. Any action we take to enforce our contract or intellectual property rights could be costly and could absorb significant management time and attention, which, in turn, could negatively impact our results of operations and cash flows. Further, even a positive resolution to our enforcement efforts may take time to conclude, which may reduce our revenues and cash resources available for other purposes, such as research and development, in the periods prior to conclusion.
Our growth increasingly depends on our ability to extend our technologies, products and services into new and expanded product areas, such as RFFE, and adjacent industry segments and applications outside of traditional cellular industries, such as automotive, computing, IoT and networking, among others. Our research, development and other investments in these new and expanded product areas, industry segments and applications, and related technologies, products and services, as well as in our existing technologies, products and services and new technologies, such as 5G, may not generate operating income or contribute to future results of operations that meet our expectations.
Our industry is subject to rapid technological change, evolving industry standards and frequent new product introductions, and we must make substantial research, development and other investments, such as acquisitions, in new products, services and technologies to compete successfully. Technological innovations generally require significant research and development efforts before they are commercially viable. While we continue to invest significant resources toward advancements primarily in support of 4G- and 5G-based technologies, we also invest in new and expanded product areas, and


adjacent industry segments and applications, by leveragingutilizing our existing technical and business expertise and through acquisitions.
In particular, our future growth significantly depends on new and expanded product areas, such as RFFE, and adjacent industry segments and applications outside of traditional cellular industries, such as automotive, computing, IoT (including the connected home, smart cities, wearables, voice and music and robotics), and networking, computing and AI, such as machine learning, among others; our ability to develop leading and cost-effective technologies, products and services for new and expanded product areas, adjacent industry segments and applications; and third parties incorporating our technologies, products and services into devices used in these product areas, industry segments and applications. Accordingly, we intend to continue to make substantial investments in these new and expanded product areas and adjacent industry segments and applications, and in developing new products, services and technologies for these product areas, industry segments and applications.
Our growth also depends significantly on our ability to develop and patent 5G technologies, and to develop and commercialize products using 5G technologies.
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However, our research, development and other investments in these new and expanded product areas and adjacent industry segments and applications, and corresponding technologies, products and services, as well as in our existing, technologies, products and services and new technologies, such as 5G, use of licensed, shared and unlicensed spectrum and convergence of cellular and Wi-Fi, may not succeed due to, among other reasons: we may not be issued patents on the technologies we develop; the technologies we develop may not be incorporated into relevant standards; new and expanded product areas and adjacent industry segments, applications and consumer demand may not develop or grow as anticipated; our strategies or the strategies of our customers, licensees or partners may not be successful; improvements in alternate technologies in ways that reduce the advantages we anticipate from our investments; competitors’ technologies, products or services being more cost effective, having more capabilities or fewer limitations or being brought to market faster than our new technologies, products and services; we may not be able to develop, or our competitors may have more established and/or stronger, customer, vendor, distributor or other channel relationships; and competitors having longer operating histories in industry segments that are new to us. We may also underestimate the costs of or overestimate the future revenues or margins that could result from these investments, and these investments may not, or may take many years to, generate material returns.
Further, the automotive industry is subject to long design-in time frames, long product life cycles and a high degree of regulatory and safety requirements, necessitating suppliers to the industry to comply with stringent qualification processes, very low defect rates and high reliability standards, all of which results in a significant barrier to entry and increased costs.
If our new technologies, products and services are not successful, or are not successful in the time frameframes we anticipate, we may incur significant costs and asset impairments, our business may not grow as anticipated,or grow meaningfully, our revenues and margins may be negatively impacted, and our reputation may be harmed.
There are numerous risks associated with our operation and control of the manufacturing facilities of our joint venture with TDK, RF360 Holdings, including a higher portion of fixed costs relative to a fabless model, environmental compliance and liability, exposure to natural disasters, timely supply of equipment and materials and manufacturing difficulties.
Manufacturing facilities are characterized by a higher portion of fixed costs relative to a fabless model. We may be faced with a decline in the utilization rates of our manufacturing facilities due to decreases in demand for our products, including in less favorable industry environments. During such periods, our manufacturing facilities could operate at lower capacity levels, while the fixed costs associated with full capacity continue to be incurred, resulting in lower gross profit.
We are subject to many environmental, health and safety laws and regulations in each jurisdiction in which we operate our manufacturing facilities, which govern, among other things, emissions of pollutants into the air, wastewater discharges, the use and handling of hazardous substances, waste disposal, the investigation and remediation of soil and ground water contamination and the health and safety of our employees. We are also required to obtain and maintain environmental permits from governmental authorities for certain of our operations. We cannot make assurances that we will be at all times in compliance with such laws, regulations and permits. Certain environmental laws impose strict, and in certain circumstances, joint and several, liability on current or previous owners or operators of real property for the cost of investigation, removal or remediation of hazardous substances. Certain of these laws also assess liability on persons who arrange for hazardous substances to be sent to disposal or treatment facilities when such facilities are found to be contaminated. In addition, we could also be held liable for consequences arising out of human exposure to hazardous substances or other environmental damage.
We have manufacturing facilities in Asia and Europe. If tsunamis, flooding, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions or other natural disasters, or geopolitical conflicts, were to damage, destroy or disrupt our manufacturing facilities, it could disrupt our operations, delay new production and shipments of inventory and result in costly repairs, replacements or other costs. In addition, natural disasters or geopolitical conflicts may result in disruptions in transportation, distribution channels and supply chains, and significant increases in the prices of raw materials.


Our manufacturing operations depend on securing raw materials and other supplies in adequate quality and quantity in a timely manner from multiple suppliers, and in some cases, we rely on a limited number of suppliers, particularly in Asia. Accordingly, there may be cases where supplies of raw materials and other products are interrupted by disaster, accident or some other event at a supplier, supply is suspended due to quality or other issues, or there is a shortage of supply due to a rapid increase in demand, which could impact production and prevent us from supplying products to our customers. If the supply-demand balance is disrupted, it may considerably increase costs of manufacturing due to increased prices we pay for raw materials or fuel. From time to time, suppliers may extend lead times, limit the amounts supplied to us or increase prices due to capacity constraints or other factors. Additionally, supply of and costs of raw materials may be negatively impacted by trade and/or national security protection policies, such as tariffs, or actions by governments that limit or prevent us from transacting business with certain companies or that limit or prevent certain companies from transacting business with us, or escalating trade tensions, particularly with countries in Asia. Further, it may be difficult or impossible to substitute one piece of equipment for another or replace one type of material with another. A failure by our suppliers to deliver our requirements could result in disruptions to our manufacturing operations.
Our manufacturing processes are highly complex, require advanced and costly equipment and must be continuously modified to improve yields and performance. Difficulties in the production process can reduce yields or interrupt production, and as a result, we may not be able to deliver products or do so in a timely, cost-effective or competitive manner. Further, to remain competitive and meet customer demand, we may be required to improve our facilities and process technologies and carry out extensive research and development, each of which may require investment of significant amounts of capital and may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
The continued and future success of our licensing programs requires us to continue to evolve our patent portfolio, and our licensing programs may be impacted by the proliferation of devices in new industry segments such as automotive, computing, IoT and IoT,networking, as well as the need to renew or renegotiate license agreements that are expiring or to cover additional future patents.
We own a very strong portfolio of issued and pending patents related to 3G, 4G, 5G and other technologies. It is critical that we continue to evolve our patent portfolio, particularly in 5G. If we do not maintain a strong portfolio that is applicable to current and future standards, products and services, particularly 5G, our future licensing revenues could be negatively impacted.
In addition, new connectivity and other services are emerging that rely on devices that may or may not be used on traditional cellular networks, such as devices used in the automotive, computing, IoT and automotivenetworking industry segments. We also seek to diversify and broaden our technology licensing programs to new industry segments in which we can utilize our technology leadership. Standards, even de facto standards, that develop as these technologies mature, in particular those that do not include a base level of interoperability, may impact our ability to obtain royalties at all or that are equivalent to those that we receive for products used in cellular communications. Although we believe that our patented technologies are essential and useful to the commercialization of such services, any royalties we receive may be lower than those we receive from our current licensing program.
Further, the licenses granted to and from us under a number of our license agreements include only patents that are either filed or issued prior to a certain date. As a result, there are agreements with some licensees where later patents are not licensed by or to us. Additionally, many of our license agreements (including essentially all of our patent license agreements in China andthat were entered into in 2015 or thereafter, as well as our recent worldwide cellular standard-essential patent only agreements)agreements, are effective for a specified term. In order to license or to obtain a license to such later patents or after the expiration of the specified term, and to receive royalties after the expiration date of the specified term, we will need to extend or modify such license agreements or enter into new license agreements with such licensees. Accordingly, to the extent not renewed on their terms or by election for an additional (generally multi-year) period, if applicable, we will need to extend or modify such license agreements or enter into new license agreements with such licensees more frequently than we have done historically. In particular, our license agreement with Huawei expired on December 31, 2019. Such agreement provides either party with the right to initiate binding arbitration for a period of several months, the result of which will be a new license agreement. We might not be able to extend or modify those license agreements, or enter into new license agreements, in the future without negatively affecting the material terms and conditions of our license agreements with such licensees, and such modifications or new agreements may negatively impact our revenues. In some circumstances, we may extend, modify or enter into new license agreements as a result of arbitration or litigation, and terms imposed by arbitrators or courts may be less favorable to us than existing terms. If there is a delay in extending, modifying or entering into a new license agreement with a licensee, there would be a delay in our ability to recognize revenues related to that licensee’s product sales. Further, if we are unable to reach agreement on such modifications or new agreements, it could result in patent infringement litigation with such companies.
We depend on a limited number of third-party suppliers for the procurement, manufacture and testing of our products manufactured in a fabless production model. If we fail to execute supply strategies that provide technology leadership,
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supply assurance and low cost,reasonable margins, our business and results of operations may be harmed. We are also subject to order and shipment uncertainties that could negatively impact our results of operations.


Our QCT segment primarily utilizes a fabless production model, which means that we do not own or operate foundries for the production of silicon wafers from which our integrated circuits are made. Other than the manufacturing facilities we operate throughown that manufacture certain of our RF360 Holdings joint venture,RFFE modules and RF filter acoustic products, we rely on independent third-party suppliers to perform the manufacturing and assembly, and most of the testing, of our integrated circuits. Our suppliers are also responsible for the procurement of most of the raw materials used in the production of our integrated circuits. We employ both turnkey and two-stage manufacturing models to purchase our integrated circuits. Under the turnkey model, our foundry suppliers are responsible for delivering fully assembled and tested integrated circuits. Under the two-stage manufacturing model, we purchase die in singular or wafer form from semiconductor manufacturing foundries and contract with separate third-party suppliers for manufacturing services such as wafer bump, probe, assembly and the majority of our final test requirements. The semiconductor manufacturing foundries that supply products to our QCT segment are primarily located in Asia, as are our primary warehouses where we store finished goods for fulfillment of customer orders.
The following could have an adverse effect on our ability to meet customer demandsdemand and negatively impact our revenues, business operations, profitability and cash flows:
•a reduction, interruption, delay or limitation in our product supply sources;
•a failure by our suppliers to procure raw materials, or to provide or allocate adequate raw materials or manufacturing or test capacity, for our products;
•our suppliers’ inability to react to shifts in product demand or an increase in raw material or component prices;
•our suppliers’ delay in developing leading process technologies, or inability to develop or maintain leading process technologies, including transitions to smaller geometry process technologies;
•the loss of a supplier or the inability of a supplier to meet performance, quality or yield specifications or delivery schedules;
•additional expense or production delays as a result of qualifying a new supplier and commencing volume production or testing in the event of a loss of, or a decision to add or change, a supplier; and
•natural disasters or geopolitical conflicts impacting our suppliers.suppliers; and
•health crises, including epidemics or pandemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and government and business responses thereto, which impact our suppliers, including as a result of quarantines or closure.
Additionally, supply and costs of raw materials may be negatively impacted by trade or national security protection policies, such as tariffs, or actions by governments that limit or prevent us from transacting business with certain companies or that limit or prevent certain companies from transacting business with us, or escalating trade tensions, particularly with countries in Asia.
While we have established alternate suppliers for certain technologies, we rely on sole- or limited-source suppliers for certain products, subjecting us to significant risks, including: possible shortages of raw materials or manufacturing capacity; poor product performance; and reduced control over delivery schedules, manufacturing capability and yields, quality assurance, quantity and costs. To the extent we have established alternate suppliers, these suppliers may require significant levels of support to bring complex technologies to production. As a result, we may invest a significant amount of effort and resources and incur higher costs to support and maintain such alternate suppliers. Further, any future consolidation of foundry suppliers could increase our vulnerability to sole- or limited-source arrangements and reduce our suppliers’ willingness to negotiate pricing, which could negatively impact our ability to achieve cost reductions and could increase our manufacturing costs. Our arrangements with our suppliers may obligate us to incur costs to manufacture and test our products that do not decrease at the same rate as decreases in pricing to our customers. Our ability, and that of our suppliers, to develop or maintain leading process technologies, including transitions to smaller geometry process technologies, and to effectively compete with the manufacturing processes and performance of our competitors, could impact our ability to introduce new products and meet customer demand, could increase our costs (possibly decreasing our margins) and could subject us to the risk of excess inventories. Any of the above could negatively impact our business, results of operations and cash flows.
Although we have long-term contracts with our suppliers, manymost of these contracts do not provide for long-term capacity commitments. To the extent we do not have firm commitments from our suppliers over a specific time period or for any specific quantity, our suppliers may allocate, and in the past have allocated, capacity to the production and testing of products for their other customers while reducing or limiting capacity to manufacture or test our products. Accordingly, capacity for our products may not be available when we need it or at reasonable prices. To the extent we do obtain long-term capacity commitments, we may incur additional costs related to those commitments or make non-refundable payments for capacity commitments that are not used.
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Our suppliers or potential alternate suppliers may manufacture CDMA- or OFDMA-based integrated circuits, for themselves or for other companies, that compete with our products. Such suppliers have in the past and could again elect to allocate raw materials and manufacturing capacity to their own products or products of our competitors and reduce or limit deliveries to us tothe production of our detriment.products.
In addition, we may not receive reasonable pricing, manufacturing or delivery terms from our suppliers. We cannot guarantee that the actions of our suppliers will not cause disruptions in our operations that could harm our ability to meet our


delivery obligations to our customers or increase our cost of sales. To the extent we are unable to obtain adequate supply, we may be obligated to make payment to our customers for such shortfalls.
Additionally, we place orders with our suppliers using our and our customers’ forecasts of customer demand for our products, which are based on a number of assumptions and estimates. As we move to smaller geometry process technologies, the manufacturing lead-time increases. As a result, the orders we place with our suppliers are generally only partially covered by commitments from our customers. If we, or our customers, overestimate customer demand that is not under a binding commitment from our customer,customers, we may experience increased excess or obsolete inventory, which would negatively impact our results of operations.
There are numerous risks associated with the operation and control of our manufacturing facilities, including a higher portion of fixed costs relative to a fabless model, environmental compliance and liability, issues related to climate change, exposure to natural disasters, timely supply of equipment and materials, and various manufacturing issues.
While our QCT segment has historically utilized a fabless production model, we now also own and operate various facilities that manufacture our RFFE modules and RF filter acoustic products. Manufacturing facilities are characterized by a higher portion of fixed costs relative to a fabless model. We may be faced with a decline in the utilization rates of our manufacturing facilities due to decreases in demand for our products, including in less favorable industry environments. During such periods, our manufacturing facilities could operate at lower capacity levels, while the fixed costs associated with such facilities continue to be incurred, resulting in lower gross profit.
We are subject to many environmental, health and safety laws and regulations in each jurisdiction in which we operate our manufacturing facilities, which govern, among other things, emissions of pollutants into the air; wastewater discharges; the use, storage, generation, handling and disposal of hazardous substances and other waste; the investigation and remediation of soil and ground water contamination; and the health and safety of our employees. Certain environmental laws impose strict, and in certain circumstances joint and several, liability on current or previous owners or operators of real property, or parties who arranged for hazardous substances to be sent to disposal or treatment facilities, for the cost of investigation, removal or remediation of hazardous substances. As a result, we may incur clean-up costs in connection with any such removal or remediation efforts, as well as other third-party claims in connection with contaminated sites. In addition, we could be held liable for consequences arising out of human exposure to hazardous substances or other environmental damage. If we or companies or facilities we acquire have in the past failed or in the future fail to comply with any such laws and regulations, then we could incur liabilities, fines or prohibitions on the sale of products we manufacture, and our operations could be suspended. Such laws and regulations could also restrict our ability to modify or expand our facilities, could require us to acquire costly equipment, or could require other significant expenditures. We are also required to obtain and maintain environmental permits from governmental authorities for certain of our operations. While we have designed policies and procedures to ensure compliance with applicable laws, regulations and permits, we cannot make assurances that we, or our employees, contractors or agents, will at all times be in compliance with such laws, regulations and permits, or our related policies and procedures.
Climate change concerns and the potential resulting environmental impact may result in new environmental, health and safety laws and regulations that may affect us, our suppliers and/or our customers. Such laws or regulations could cause us to incur additional direct costs for compliance, as well as increased indirect costs resulting from our customers, suppliers or both incurring additional compliance costs that are passed on to us. These costs may adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition. In addition, climate change may pose physical risks to us or our suppliers, including increased extreme weather events that could result in supply delays or disruptions.
We have manufacturing facilities in Asia and Europe. If tsunamis, flooding, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions or other natural disasters, or geopolitical conflicts, were to damage, destroy or disrupt our manufacturing facilities, it could disrupt our operations, delay new production and shipments of inventory and result in costly repairs, replacements or other costs. In addition, natural disasters or geopolitical conflicts may result in disruptions in transportation, distribution channels and supply chains, and significant increases in the prices of raw materials. Further, health crises, including epidemics or pandemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and government and business responses thereto, could affect our manufacturing
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facilities, including by resulting in quarantines and/or closures, which would result in disruptions to and potentially closures of our manufacturing operations.
Our manufacturing operations depend on securing raw materials and other supplies in adequate quality and quantity in a timely manner from multiple suppliers, and in some cases, we rely on a limited number of suppliers, particularly in Asia. Accordingly, there may be cases where supplies of raw materials and other products are interrupted by disaster, accident or some other event at a supplier, supply is suspended due to quality or other issues, or there is a shortage of supply due to a rapid increase in demand, among others, which could impact production and prevent us from supplying products to our customers. If the supply-demand balance is disrupted, it may considerably increase costs of manufacturing due to increased prices we pay for raw materials. From time to time, suppliers may extend lead times, limit the amounts supplied to us or increase prices due to capacity constraints or other factors. Additionally, supply and costs of raw materials may be negatively impacted by trade and/or national security protection policies, such as tariffs, or actions by governments that limit or prevent us from transacting business with certain companies or that limit or prevent certain companies from transacting business with us, or escalating trade tensions, particularly with countries in Asia. Further, it may be difficult or impossible to substitute one piece of equipment for another or replace one type of material with another. A failure by our suppliers to deliver our requirements could result in disruptions to our manufacturing operations.
Our manufacturing processes are highly complex, require advanced and costly equipment and must be continuously modified to improve yields and performance. Difficulties in the production process can reduce yields or interrupt production, and as a result, we may not be able to deliver products or do so in a timely, cost-effective or competitive manner. Further, to remain competitive and meet customer demand, we may be required to improve our facilities and process technologies and carry out extensive research and development, each of which may require investment of significant amounts of capital and may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
Finally, we typically begin manufacturing our products using our or our customers’ forecasts of demand for our products, which are based on a number of assumptions and estimates and are generally not covered by purchase commitments. As a result, we incur inventory and manufacturing costs in advance of anticipated sales, which sales ultimately may not materialize or may be lower than expected. If we or our customers overestimate demand that is not under a binding commitment from our customers, we may experience higher inventory carrying and operating costs and/or increased excess or obsolete inventory, which would negatively impact our results of operations.
Claims by other companies that we infringe their intellectual property could adversely affect our business.
From time to time, companies have asserted, and may again assert, patent, copyright and other intellectual property rights against our products or products using our technologies or other technologies used in our industry. These claims have resulted and may again result in our involvement in litigation. We may not prevail in such litigation given, among other factors, the complex technical issues and inherent uncertainties in intellectual property litigation. If any of our products or services were found to infringe another company’s intellectual property rights, we could be subject to an injunction or be required to redesign our products or services, which could be costly, or to license such rights or pay damages or other compensation to such other company.company (any of which could be costly). If we are unable to redesign our products or services, license such intellectual property rights used in our products or services or otherwise distribute our products (e.g., through a licensed supplier), we could be prohibited from making and selling such products or providing such services. Similarly, our suppliers could be found to infringe another company’s intellectual property rights, and such suppliers could then be enjoined from providing products or services to us.
In any potential dispute involving other companies’us and another company’s patents or other intellectual property, our chipset foundries, semiconductor assembly and test providers and customers could also become the targets of litigation. We are contingently liable under certain product sales, services, license and other agreements to indemnify certain customers, chipset foundries and semiconductor assembly and test service providers against certain types of liability and damages arising from qualifying claims of patent infringement by products or services sold or provided by us, or by intellectual property provided by us to our chipset foundries and semiconductor assembly and test service providers. Reimbursements under indemnification arrangements could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows. Furthermore, any such litigation could severely disrupt the supply of our products and the businesses of our chipset customers and their customers, which in turn could harm our relationships with them and could result in a decline in our chipset sales or reductionsa reduction in our licensees’ sales, causing a corresponding decline in our chipset or licensing revenues. Any claims, regardless of their merit, could be time consuming to address, result in costly litigation, divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel or cause product release or shipment delays, any of which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows.
We may continue to be involved in litigation and may have to appear in front of administrative bodies (such as the United States International Trade Commission) to defend against patent assertions against our products by companies, some of whom are attempting to gain competitive advantage or leverage in licensing negotiations. We may not be successful in
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such proceedings, and if we are not, the range of possible outcomes is very broad and may include, for example, monetary damages or fines or other orders to pay money, royalty payments, injunctions on the sale of certain of our integrated circuit products (or on the sale of our customers’ devices using such products) or the issuance of orders to cease certain conduct or modify our business practices. Further, a governmental body in a particular country or region may assert, and may be successful in imposing, remedies with effects that extend beyond the borders of that country or region. In addition, a negative outcome in any such proceeding could severely disrupt the business of our chipset customers and their wireless operator customers, which in turn could harm our relationships with them and could result in a decline in our worldwide chipset sales or a reduction in our licensees’ sales to wireless operators, causing corresponding declines in our chipset or licensing revenues.
Certain legal matters, which may include certain claims by other companies that we infringe their intellectual property, are described more fully in this Quarterly Report in “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 6.5. Commitments and Contingencies.”
We may engage in strategic acquisitions and other transactions or make investments, or be unable to consummate planned strategic acquisitions, which could adversely affect our results of operations or fail to enhance stockholder value.
We engage in strategic acquisitions and other transactions, including joint ventures, and make investments, which we believe are important to the future of our business, with the goal of maximizing stockholder value. From time to time, we acquire businesses and other assets, including patents, technology wireless spectrum and other intangible assets, enter into joint ventures or other strategic transactions and purchase minority equity interests in or make loans to companies, including those that may be private and early-stage. Our strategic activities are generally focused on opening or expanding opportunities for our products and technologies and supporting the design and introduction of new products and services (or enhancing existing


products or services) for voice and data communications and new industry segments. Recently, this included our RF360 Holdings joint venture with TDK Corporation. Many of our strategic activities entail a high degree of risk and require the use of significant amounts of capital, and investments may not become liquid for several years after the date of the investment, if at all. Our strategic activities may not generate financial returns or result in increased adoption or continued use of our technologies, products or services. We may underestimate the costs or overestimate the benefits, including product, revenue, cost and other synergies and growth opportunities that we expect to realize, and we may not achieve those benefits. In some cases, we may be required to consolidate or record our share of the earnings or losses of companies in which we have acquired ownership interests. In addition, we may record impairment charges related to our strategic activities. Any losses or impairment charges that we incur related to strategic activities will have a negative impact on our financial condition and results of operations, and we may continue to incur new or additional losses related to strategic assets or investments that we have not fully impaired or exited.
Achieving the anticipated benefits of business acquisitions, including joint ventures and other strategic investments in which we have management and operational control, depends in part upon our ability to integrate the businesses in an efficient and effective manner and achieve anticipated synergies, and we may not be successful in these efforts. Such integration is complex and time consuming and involves significant challenges, including, among others: retaining key employees; successfully integrating new employees, facilities, technology, products, processes, operations (including manufacturingsupply and manufacturing operations), sales and distribution channels, business models and business systems; retaining customers and suppliers of the businesses; consolidating research and development and supply operations; minimizing the diversion of management’s attention from ongoing business matters; consolidating corporate and administrative infrastructures; and managing the increased scale, complexity and globalization of our business, operations and employee base. We may not derive any commercial value from associated technologies or products or from future technologies or products based on these technologies, and we may be subject to liabilities that are not covered by indemnification protection that we may obtain, and we may become subject to litigation. Additionally, we may not be successful in entering or expanding into new sales or distribution channels, business or operational models (including manufacturing), geographic regions, industry segments or categories of products served by or adjacent to the associated businesses or in addressing potential new opportunities that may arise out of the combination.our strategic acquisitions.
If we do not achieve the anticipated benefits of business acquisitions or other strategic activities, our business and results of operations may be adversely affected, and we may not enhance stockholder value by engaging in these transactions.
In fiscal 2018, we terminatedMany of our proposed acquisition of NXP because the acquisition had not been approvedacquisitions and other strategic investments require approval by the State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR) in China by the date specifiedUnited States and/or foreign government agencies. Certain agencies in the acquisition agreement. Aspast have, and may in the future, deny the transaction or fail to approve in a result, we willtimely manner, resulting in us not realizerealizing the anticipated benefits of that acquisition. In addition, futurethe transaction. Future acquisitions or other strategic investments may now be more difficult, complex or expensive to the extent that our reputation for our ability to consummate acquisitions has been harmed. Further, if U.S./China trade relations remain strained, our ability to consummate any transaction that would require approval from SAMRthe State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR) in China may be severely impacted.
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We are subject to various laws, regulations, policies and standards. Our business may suffer as a result of existing, or new or amended laws, regulations, policies or standards, or our failure or inability to comply with laws, regulations, policies or standards.
Our business, products and services, and those of our customers and licensees, are subject to various laws and regulations globally, as well as government policies and the specifications of international, national and regional communications standards bodies. Compliance with existing laws, regulations, policies and standards, the adoption of new laws, regulations, policies or standards, changes in the interpretation of existing laws, regulations, policies or standards, changes in the regulation of our activities by a government or standards body or rulings in court, regulatory, administrative or other proceedings relating to such laws, regulations, policies or standards, including, among others, those affecting licensing practices, competitive business practices, the use of our technology or products, protection of intellectual property, trade and trade protection including tariffs, cybersecurity, foreign currency, investments or loans, spectrum availability and license issuance, adoption of standards, the provision of device subsidies by wireless operators to their customers, taxation, export control, privacy and data protection, environmental protection, health and safety, labor and employment, human rights, corporate governance, public disclosure or business conduct, could have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Government policies, particularly in China, that regulate the amount and timing of funds that may flow out of a country have impacted and may continue to impact the timing of our receipt of and/or ability to receive payments from our customers and licensees in China,such countries, which may negatively impact our cash flows.
Further, China has implemented, and other countries or regions may implement, cybersecurity laws that require that our overall information technology security environment meet certain standards and/or be certified. Such laws may be complex, ambiguous and subject to interpretation, which may create uncertainty regarding compliance. As a result, our efforts to comply with such laws may be expensive and may fail, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and cash flows.
Delays in government approvals or other governmental activities that could result from, among others, a decrease in or a lack of funding for certain agencies or branches of the government, trade or national security protection policies, or political changes, could result in our incurring higher


costs, could negatively impact our ability to timely consummate strategic transactions and could have other negative impacts on our business and the businesses of our customers and licensees.
Import/export regulations, such as the U.S. Export Administration Regulations administered by the U.S. Department of Commerce, are complex, change frequently, have generally become more stringent over time and have intensified under the current U.S. administration. If our customers or suppliers fail to comply with these regulations, we may be required to suspend activities with these customers or suppliers, which could negatively impact our results of operations. Additionally, we may be required to incur significant expense to comply with, or to remedy violations of, these regulations.
Further, political actions, including trade and/or national security protection policies, or other actions by governments, have in the past, currently are and could in the future limit or prevent us from transacting business with certain of our customers, or limit or prevent certain of our customers from transacting business with us. Similarly, due to pressure from the Chinese government as part of its broader economic policies, our Chinese OEMs’ concerns over losing access to our integrated circuit products as a result of U.S./China trade tensions, or other policies, regulations or decisions arising out of U.S./China trade tensions, our Chinese OEM customers may develop their own integrated circuit products and use such products, or use other integrated circuit products, in their devices rather than our integrated circuit products, and our Chinese licensees may delay or cease payments of license fees they owe to us. See also the Risk Factor entitled “Global, regional or local economic conditions, or political actions including trade and/or national security protection policies, such as tariffs, that impact the mobile communications industry or the other industries in which we operate could negatively affect the demand for our products and services and our customers’ or licensees’ products and services, which may negatively affect our revenues.”
National, state and local environmental laws and regulations affect our operations around the world. These laws may make it more expensive to manufacture have manufactured and sell products, and our costs could increase if our vendors (e.g., suppliers, third-party manufacturers or utility companies) pass on their costs to us. The imposition of tariffs on raw materials or our products could also have a negative impact on our revenues and results of operations. We are also subject to laws and regulations impacting theour manufacturing operations of our RF360 Holdings joint venture.operations. See also the Risk Factor entitled “There“There are numerous risks associated with ourthe operation and control of theour manufacturing facilities, of our joint venture with TDK, RF360 Holdings, including a higher portion of fixed costs relative to a fabless model, environmental compliance and liability, issues related to climate change, exposure to natural disasters, timely supply of equipment and materials, and various manufacturing difficulties.issues.”
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Regulations in the United States require that we determine whether certain materials used in our products, referred to as conflict minerals, originated in the Democratic Republic of the Congo or an adjoining country (collectively, the Covered Countries), or were from recycled or scrap sources. Other countries and regions are imposing similar regulations, which may require us to undertake additional verification and reporting, including regarding countries in addition to the Covered Countries and minerals in addition to conflict minerals. The verification and reporting requirements, in addition to customer demands for conflict free sourcing, impose additional costs on us and on our suppliers and may limit the sources or increase the prices of materials used in our products. Further, if we are unable to determine that the conflict minerals used in our products do not directly or indirectly finance or benefit armed groups in the Covered Countries, we may face challenges with our customers that place us at a competitive disadvantage, and our reputation may be harmed. Similarly, other laws and regulations have been adopted or proposed that require additional transparency regarding the employment practices of our suppliers, and any failure to maintain responsible sourcing practices could also adversely affect our relationships with customers and our reputation.
Laws, regulations, policies and standards are complex and changing and may create uncertainty regarding compliance. Laws, regulations, policies and standards are subject to varying interpretations in many cases, and their application in practice may evolve over time. As a result, our efforts to comply may fail, particularly if there is ambiguity as to how they should be applied in practice. Failure to comply with any law, regulation, policy or standard may adversely affect our business, results of operations and cash flows. New laws, regulations, policies and standards or evolving interpretations of legal requirements may cause us to incur higher costs as we revise current practices, policies or procedures and may divert management time and attention to compliance activities.
Our use of open source software may harm our business.
Certain of our software and our suppliers’ software may contain or may be derived from “open source” software, and we have seen, and believe we will continue to see, an increase in customers requesting that we develop products, including software associated with our integrated circuit products, that incorporate open source software elements and operate in an open source environment, which, under certain open source licenses, may offer accessibility to a portion of a product’s source code and may expose related intellectual property to adverse licensing conditions. Licensing of such software may impose certain obligations on us if we were to distribute derivative works of the open source software. For example, these obligations may require us to make source code for the derivative works available to our customers in a manner that allows them to make such source code available to their customers or license such derivative works under a particular type of license that is different than what we customarily use to license our software. Furthermore, in the course of product development, we may make contributions to third party open source projects that could obligate our intellectual property to adverse licensing conditions. For example, to encourage the growth of a software ecosystem that is interoperable with our products, we may need to contribute certain implementations under the open source licensing terms that govern such projects, which may adversely impact certain of our associated intellectual property. Developing open source products, while adequately protecting the intellectual property rights upon which our licensing business depends, may prove burdensome and time-consuming under certain circumstances, thereby placing us at a competitive disadvantage, and we may not adequately protect our intellectual property rights. Also, our use and our customers’ use of open source software may subject our products and our customers’ products to governmental scrutiny and delays in product certification, which could cause customers to view our products as less desirable than our competitors’ products. While we believe we have taken appropriate steps and employ


adequate controls to protect our intellectual property rights, our contributions to and use of open source software presents risks that could have an adverse effect on these rights and on our business.
We operate in the highly cyclical semiconductor industry, which is subject to significant downturns that may adversely impact our business. Our stock price, earnings and the fair value of our investments are subject to substantial quarterly and annual fluctuations due to this dynamic and others, and to market downturns.downturns generally.
The semiconductor industry is highly cyclical and characterized by constant and rapid technological change, price erosion, evolving technical standards, frequent new product introductions, short product life cycles (for both semiconductors and for many of the products in which they are used) and fluctuations in product supply and demand. From time to time, these factors, together with changes in general economic conditions, cause significant upturns and downturns in the semiconductor industry. Periods of downturns have been characterized by diminished demand for end-user products, high inventory levels, periods of inventory adjustment, underutilization of manufacturing capacity, changes in revenue mix and erosion of average selling prices. We expect our business to continue to be subject to cyclical downturns, even when overall economic conditions are relatively stable. If we cannot offset semiconductor industry or market downturns, our revenues may decline, and our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely impacted.
Our stock price and earnings have fluctuated in the past and are likely to fluctuate in the future. Factors that may have a significant impact on the market price of our stock and earnings include those identified above and throughout this Risk
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Factors section; volatility of the stock market in general and technology-based and semiconductor companies in particular; announcements concerning us, our suppliers, our competitors or our customers or licensees; and variations between our actual financial results or guidance and expectations of securities analysts or investors, among others. Further, increased volatility in the financial markets and overall economic conditions may reduce the amounts that we realize in the future on our cash equivalents and marketable securities and may reduce our earnings as a result of any reductions in the fair values of marketable securities.
In the past, securities class action litigation has been brought against companies following periods of volatility in the market price of their securities. Due to changes in our stock price, wesecurities, among other reasons. We are and may in the future be the target of securities litigation. Securities litigation could result in substantial uninsured costs and divert management’s attention and our resources. Certain legal matters, including certain securities litigation brought against us, are described more fully in this Quarterly Report in “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 6.5. Commitments and Contingencies.”
There are risks associated with our indebtedness and our significant stock repurchase program.
Our outstanding indebtedness and any additional indebtedness we incur may have negative consequences on our business, including, among others:
•requiring us to use cash to pay the principal of and interest on our indebtedness, thereby reducing the amount of cash available for other purposes;
•limiting our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, stock repurchases, dividends or other general corporate andor other purposes;
•limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business, our industry and our industry;the market; and
•increasing our vulnerability to interest rate fluctuations to the extent a portion of our debt has variable interest rates.
Our ability to make payments of principal and interest on our indebtedness depends upon our future performance, which is subject to general economic and political conditions, industry cycles and financial, business and other factors, including factors which negatively impact our cash flows, such as licensees withholding some or all of the royalty payments they owe to us or our paying fines or modifying our business practices in connection with regulatory investigations or litigation, many of which are beyond our control. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow from operations in the future to service our debt, we may be required to, among other things: refinance or restructure all or a portion of our indebtedness; reduce or delay planned capital or operating expenditures; reduce or eliminate our dividend payments; or sell selected assets. Such measures might not be sufficient to enable us to service our debt. In addition, any such refinancing, restructuring or sale of assets might not be available on economically favorable terms or at all, and if prevailing interest rates at the time of any such refinancing or restructuring are higher than our current rates, interest expense related to such refinancing or restructuring would increase. If there are adverse changes in the ratings assigned to our debt securities by credit rating agencies, our borrowing costs, our ability to access debt in the future and the terms of such debt could be adversely affected.
Our current outstanding variable rate indebtedness may useuses LIBOR as a benchmark for establishing the interest rate. LIBOR is the subject of recent national, international and other regulatory guidance and proposals for reform. These reforms and other pressures may cause LIBOR to disappear entirely after 2021 or to perform differently than in the past. The consequencesWe expect that reasonable alternatives to LIBOR will be created and implemented prior to the 2021 target date. Fallback provisions are being written into LIBOR-based contracts to attempt to reduce the risk of these developments cannot be entirely predicted but could include an increasesudden and unpredictable increases in the cost of our variable rate indebtedness. However, we cannot predict the consequences and timing of these developments.
We have implemented a stock repurchase program to repurchase up to $30 billion of our outstanding common stock. At March 29, 2020, $4.7 billion remained authorized for repurchase under the stock repurchase program. This stock repurchase program has significantly reduced and willis expected to continue to reduce the amount of cash that we have available to fund our operations, including research and development, working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, investments, dividends and other corporate purposes; and increases our exposure to adverse economic, market, industry and competitive conditions and developments, and other changes in our business and our industry. In addition, this significant decrease in our cash reserves exacerbates the risks described above associated with our indebtedness.
Our business and operations could suffer in the event of security breaches of our information technology systems, or other misappropriation of our technology, intellectual property or other proprietary or confidential information.
Third parties regularly attempt to gain unauthorized access to our information technology systems, and most of such attempts are increasingly more sophisticated. These attempts, which might be related to industrial, corporate or other espionage, criminal hackers or state-sponsored intrusions, include trying to covertly introduce malware to our computers and networks,


including those in our manufacturing operations, and impersonating authorized users, among others. In addition, third party suppliers that we may rely on to store and/or process our confidential information may also be subject to similar
49

attacks. Such attempts could result in the misappropriation, theft, misuse, disclosure or loss or destruction of the technology, intellectual property, or the proprietary, confidential or personal information, of us or our employees, customers, licensees, suppliers or other third parties, as well as damage to or disruptions in our information technology systems. These threats are constantly evolving, thereby increasing the difficulty of successfully defending against them or implementing adequate preventative measures.
We seek to detect and investigate all security incidents and to prevent their recurrence, but attempts to gain unauthorized access to our information technology systems may be successful, and in some cases, we might be unaware of an incident or its magnitude and effects.
In addition, employees and former employees, in particular former employees who become employees of our competitors, customers, licensees or other third parties, including state actors, have in the past and may in the future misappropriate, use, publish or provide to our competitors, customers, licensees or other third parties, including state actors, our technology, intellectual property or other proprietary or confidential information. This risk is exacerbated as competitors for talent, particularly engineering talent, increasingly attempt to hire our employees. See also the Risk Factor entitled “We may not be able to attract and retain qualified employees.” Similarly, we provide access to certain of our technology, intellectual property and other proprietary or confidential information to our direct and indirect customers and licensees and certain of our consultants, who have in the past and may in the future wrongfully use such technology, intellectual property or information, or wrongfully disclose such technology, intellectual property or information to third parties, including our competitors or state actors. We also provide access to certain of our technology, intellectual property and other proprietary or confidential information to certain of our joint venture partners, including those affiliated with state actors and including in foreign jurisdictions where ownership restrictions may require us to take a minority ownership interest in the joint venture. Such joint venture partners may wrongfully use such technology, intellectual property or information, or wrongfully disclose such technology, intellectual property or information to third parties, including our competitors or state actors.
The misappropriation, theft, misuse, disclosure or loss or destruction of the technology, intellectual property, or the proprietary, confidential or personal information, of us or our employees, customers, licensees, suppliers or other third parties, could harm our competitive position, reduce the value of our investment in research and development and other strategic initiatives, cause us to lose business, damage our reputation,subject us to legal or regulatory proceedings, cause us to incur other loss or liability and otherwise adversely affect our business. We expect to continue to devote significant resources to the security of our information technology systems.
In addition, employeessystems, and former employees, in particular former employees who become employees of our competitors, customers or licensees, may misappropriate, use, publish or provide to our competitors, customers or licensees ourtechnology, intellectual property orand proprietary orand confidential business information. This risk is exacerbated as competitors for talent, particularly engineering talent, increasingly attempt to hire our employees. See the Risk Factor entitled “We may not be able to attract and retain qualified employees.” Similarly, we provide access to certain of our intellectual property or proprietary or confidential business information to our direct and indirect customers and licensees, who may wrongfully use such intellectual property or information or wrongfully disclose such intellectual property or information to third parties, including our competitors.
Potential tax liabilities could adversely affect our results of operations.
We are subject to income taxes in the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions, including Singapore where our QCT segment’s non-U.S. headquarters is located.jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes. We regularly are subject to examination of our tax returns and reports by taxing authorities in the United States federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions, most notably in countries where we earn a routine return and the tax authorities believe substantial value-add activities are performed. Our current examinations are at various stages with respect to assessments, claims, deficiencies and refunds. We continually assess the likelihood and amount of potential adjustments and adjust the income tax provision, income taxes payable and deferred taxes in the period in which the facts giving rise to a revision become known. Although we believe that our tax estimates are reasonable, the final determination of tax audits and any related legal proceedings could materially differ from amounts reflected in our historical income tax provisions and accruals. In such case, our income tax provision, results of operations and cash flows in the period or periods in which that determination is made could be negatively affected.
The United States Treasury Department has issued proposed regulations on several provisions of the Tax Legislation, including foreign tax credits, FDII BEAT and interest expense deduction limitations, which are expected to be finalized in the next several months. When finalized, these proposed regulations may adversely affect our provision for income taxes, results of operations and/or cash flows.
We have tax incentives in Singapore provided that we meet specified employment and other criteria, and as a result of the expiration of these incentives, our Singapore tax rate is expected to increase in fiscal 2022 and again in fiscal 2027. If we do not meet the criteria required to retain such incentives, our historical and future Singapore tax rate could increase prior to fiscal 2022 and/or fiscal 2027, and our results of operations and cash flows could be adversely affected.
Tax rules may change in a manner that adversely affects our future reported results of operations or the way we conduct our business. Further changes in the tax laws of foreign jurisdictions could arise as a result of the base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) project that was undertaken by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The OECD, which represents a coalition of member countries, recommended changes to numerous long-standing tax principles related to transfer pricing. These changes, as adopted by countries, may increase tax uncertainty and may adversely affect our provision for income taxes, results of operations and cash flows. Partially to address BEPS, we moved certain IPintellectual
50

property from Singapore to the United States. As a result, if tax rates were to increase in the United States, our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition could be adversely affected.
Global, regional or local economic conditions, or political actions including trade and/or national security protection policies, such as tariffs, that impact the mobile communications industry or the other industries in which we operate could negatively affect the demand for our products and services and our customers’ or licensees’ products and services, which may negatively affect our revenues.


A decline in global, regional or local economic conditions, or a slow-down in economic growth, or political actions including trade and/or national security protection policies, such as tariffs, or actions by governments that limit or prevent us from transacting business with certain companies or that limit or prevent certain companies from transacting business with us, particularly in geographic regions with high concentrations of wireless voice and data users or high concentrations of our customers or licensees, could have adverse, wide-ranging effects on demand for our products and services and for the products and services of our customers or licensees, particularly equipment manufacturers or others in the wireless communications industry who buy their products, such as wireless operators.
Similarly, due to pressure from the Chinese government as part of its broader economic policies, our Chinese OEMs’ concerns over losing access to our integrated circuit products as a result of U.S./China trade tensions, or other policies, regulations or decisions arising out of U.S./China trade tensions, our Chinese OEM customers may develop their own integrated circuit products and use such products, or use other integrated circuit products, in their devices rather than our integrated circuit products, and our Chinese licensees may delay or cease payments of license fees they owe to us.
Further, the COVID-19 pandemic, and government and business responses thereto, are currently negatively affecting, and we expect will continue to, at least in the near term, negatively affect global economic conditions, resulting in reduced consumer confidence and demand for consumer devices and other goods containing our integrated circuit products or that use our intellectual property and may negatively affect our manufacturing facilities and/or the manufacturing facilities of our customers, licensees and/or suppliers, including due to quarantines and/or closures. A prolonged COVID-19 health crisis may result in an even more significant negative impact on global economic conditions and may lead to a global recession.
Any such prolonged economic downturn, or “trade war” or outbreak may result in a decrease in demand for our products and technologies; a decrease in demand for the products and services of our customers or licensees; the inability of our suppliers to deliver on their supply commitments to us, our inability to supply our products to our customers and/or the inability of our customers or licensees to supply their products to end users; the insolvency of key suppliers, customers or licensees; delays in reporting or payments from our licensees or customers; failures by counterparties; andand/or negative effects on wireless device inventories. In addition, our customers’ ability to purchase or pay for our products and services and network operators’ ability to upgrade their wireless networks could be adversely affected by economic conditions, leading to a reduction, cancelationcancellation or delay of orders for our products and services.
We may not be able to attract and retain qualified employees.
Our future success depends largely upon the continued service of our executive officers and other key management and technical personnel, and on our ability to continue to identify, attract, retain and motivate them. Implementing our business strategy requires specialized engineering and other talent, as our revenues are highly dependent on technological and product innovations. The market for employees in our industry is extremely competitive, and competitors for talent, particularly engineering talent, increasingly attempt to hire, and to varying degrees have been successful in hiring, our employees, including by establishing local offices near our headquarters in San Diego.Diego, California. A number of such competitors for talent are significantly larger than us and are able to offer compensation in excess of what we are able to offer. Further, existing immigration laws make it more difficult for us to recruit and retain highly skilled foreign national graduates of universities in the United States, making the pool of available talent even smaller. If we are unable to attract and retain qualified employees, our business may be harmed.
Currency fluctuations could negatively affect future product sales or royalty revenues, harm our ability to collect receivables or increase the U.S. dollar cost of our products.
Our customers sell their products throughout the world in various currencies. Our consolidated revenues from international customers and licensees accounted for a significant portion of our total revenues in each of the last three fiscal years. Adverse movements in currency exchange rates may negatively affect our business, revenues, results of operations and cash flows due to a number of factors, including, among others:
•Our products and those of our customers and licensees that are sold outside the United States may become less price-competitive, which may result in reduced demand for those products or downward pressure on average selling prices;
51

•Certain of our revenues that are derived from products that are sold in foreign currencies could decrease, resulting in lower revenues, cash flows and margins;
•Certain of our revenues, such as royalties, that are derived from licensee or customer sales denominated in foreign currencies could decrease, resulting in lower revenues and cash flows;
•Our foreign suppliers may raise their prices if they are impacted by currency fluctuations, resulting in higher than expected costs, and lower margins and cash flows;
•Certain of our costs that are denominated in foreign currencies could increase, resulting in higher than expected costs and cash outflows; and
•Foreign exchange hedging exposes us to counterparty risk and may require the payment of structuring fees. If the foreign exchange hedges do not qualify for hedge accounting, the hedge results may cause earnings volatility. The foreign exchange hedging activities are designed to lessen earnings volatility; therefore, hedges may reduce the impact of currency fluctuations to certain revenues and costs.
Failures in our products, or services, or in the products or services of our customers or licensees, including those resulting from security vulnerabilities, defects or errors, could harm our business.
Our products (including related software) are complex and may contain defects, errors or security vulnerabilities, or experience failures or unsatisfactory performance, due to any number of issues, including in materials, design, fabrication, packaging and/or use within a system. Further, because of the complexity of our products, defects or errors might only be detected when the products are in use. Development of products in new domains of technology, and the migration to integrated circuit technologies with smaller geometric feature sizes, is complex, adds risk to manufacturing yields and reliability, and increases the likelihood of product defects or errors. Risks associated with product defects, errors or security vulnerabilities are exacerbated by the fact that our customers typically integrate our products into consumer devices.
The use of devices containing our products to interact with untrusted systems or otherwise access untrusted content creates a risk of exposing the system hardware and software in those devices to malicious attacks. Security vulnerabilities in our products could expose our customers or end users to hackers or other unscrupulous third parties who develop and deploy viruses, worms and other malicious software programs that could attack our products or those of our customers. While we continue to focus on this issue and are taking measures to safeguard our products from cybersecurity threats, device capabilities continue to evolve, enabling more elaborate functionality and applications, and increasing the risk of security failures. Further, our
Our products are inherently complex and may contain defects or errors that are detected only when the products are in use. Because our products and services arebe responsible for critical functions in our customers’ products and networks,networks. Failure of our products to perform to specifications, or other product defects, errors or security failures,vulnerabilities, could lead to substantial damage to the products we sell to our customers, the devices into which our products are integrated and to the end users of such devices. Such defects, errors or security vulnerabilities could give rise to significant costs, including costs related to developing solutions, recalling products, repairing or replacing defective products, writing down defective inventory, or indemnification clauses in our agreements, and could result in the loss of sales and divert the attention of our engineering personnel from our product development efforts. In addition, defects, errors or security vulnerabilities in our products could result in failure to achieve market acceptance, a loss of design wins, a shifting of business to our competitors, and litigation or regulatory action against us, and could harm our reputation, our relationships with customers and partners and our ability to attract new customers, as well as the perceptions of our brand. Other potential adverse impacts of product defects, errors or security vulnerabilities include shipment delays, write-offs of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, losses on unfavorable purchase commitments, and a decrease in demand for connected devices and wireless services generally. In addition, defects, errors or security vulnerabilities in the products of our customers or licensees could cause a delay or decrease in demand for the products into which our products are integrated, and thus for our products generally and our premium-tier products in particular.
In addition, the occurrence of defects may give rise to product liability claims, particularly if defects in our products or the products into which they are integrated result in personal injury or death. If a product liability claim is brought against us, the cost of defending the claim could be significant, and could divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel and harm our business. We may be named in product liability claims even if there is no evidence that our products caused the damage in question, and even though we may have indemnity from our customers, and such claims could result in significant costs and expenses. Further, our business liability insurance may be inadequate, or future coverage may be unavailable on acceptable terms, which could adversely impact our financial results. The above is exacerbated by the fact that our products may be used, and perform critical functions, in various high-risk applications such as automobiles, including autonomous driver assistance programs; cameras and artificial intelligence, including home and enterprise security; home automation, including smoke and noxious gas detectors; medical condition monitoring; location and asset tracking and management, including wearables for child safety and elderly health; robotics, including public safety drones and autonomous municipality
52

vehicles; and extended reality (XR) for treatment of phobias or PTSD, early detection of disorders or special needs, among others.
Accordingly, defects, errors or security vulnerabilities in our products or services could have an adverse impact on us, on our customers and the end users of our customers’ products. SuchIf any of these risks materialize, there could be a material adverse impact could include shipment delays; product liability claims or recalls; write-offs of our inventories, property, plant and equipment and intangible assets; unfavorable purchase commitments; a shift of


business to our competitors; a decrease in demand for connected devices and wireless services; damage to our reputation and our customer relationships; regulatory actions; and other financial liability or harm to our business. Further, security failures, defects or errors in the products of our customers or licensees could have an adverse impacteffect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and cash flows due to a delay or decrease in demand for our products or services generally, and our premium-tier products in particular, among other factors. Development of products and features in new domains of technology and the migration to integrated circuit technologies with smaller geometric feature sizes are complex, add risk to manufacturing yields and reliability and increase the likelihood of product defects or errors. Further, failures, defects or errors in our products or those of our customers or licensees entail the risk of product liability claims.operations.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Financial market risks related to interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and equity prices are described in our 20182019 Annual Report on Form 10-K. At June 30, 2019, there10-K. During the second quarter of fiscal 2020, the rapid, global spread of COVID-19 and the fear it has created has resulted in significant declines in the condition of economies and financial markets globally, that could cause a global recession. This has adversely affected certain of our investments. See “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 2. Composition of Certain Financial Statement Items” and “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report. In addition, while the fair value of our investment portfolio is subject to higher interest rate risk based on an increased holdings in marketable debt securities at March 29, 2020, a hypothetical increase in interest rates of 100 basis points across the entire yield curve on such holdings would have been no material changes toresulted in a negligible decrease in the financial market risks described at September 30, 2018. Wefair value of our holdings. We do not currently anticipate any other near-term changes in the nature of our financial market risk exposures or in management’s objectives and strategies with respect to managing such exposures.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such terms are defined under Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act).amended. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting in the thirdsecond quarter of fiscal 20192020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Information regarding certain legal proceedings is provided in this Quarterly Report in “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 6.5. Commitments and Contingencies.” We are also engaged in numerous other legal actions arising in the ordinary course of our business and, while there can be no assurance, we believe that the ultimate outcome of these other legal actions will not have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
We have provided updated Risk Factors in the section labeled “Risk Factors” in “Part I, Item 2, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Other than the eliminationRisk Factors entitled “Failures in our products, or in the products of our customers or licensees, including those resulting from security vulnerabilities, defects or errors, could harm our business” (which had previously been included in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Risk Factor entitled “If we are unsuccessful in executing our cost plan,fiscal quarter ended December 29, 2019) and “The recent coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has had an adverse effect on our business and results of operations, may be adversely affected,and we expect its impact will increase, at least in the near term,” we do not believe those updates have materially changed the type or magnitude of the risks we face in comparison to the disclosuredisclosures provided in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.
However, many of the risks we face, including a number of those set forth in the “Risk Factors” section, will be exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, government and business responses thereto and any further resulting decline in the global business and economic environment.

53

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Issuer purchases of equity securities in the thirdsecond quarter of fiscal 20192020 were:
 
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
 Average Price Paid Per Share (1) Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs 
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be
Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
(2)
 (In thousands)   (In thousands) (In millions)
April 1, 2019 to April 28, 2019—
 $—
 —
 $7,838
April 29, 2019 to May 26, 2019119
 70.26
 119
 7,829
May 27, 2019 to June 30, 2019811
 74.02
 811
 7,769
Total930
   930
  
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
Average Price Paid Per Share (1)Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or ProgramsApproximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be
Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
(2)
(In thousands)(In thousands)(In millions)
December 30, 2019 to January 26, 20202,000  $89.98  2,000  $6,122  
January 27, 2020 to February 23, 20202,771  88.92  2,771  5,875  
February 24, 2020 to March 29, 202015,279  75.38  15,279  4,724  
Total20,050  20,050  
(1)Average Price Paid Per Share excludes cash paid for commissions.
(2)
(1)Average Price Paid Per Share excludes cash paid for commissions.
(2)On July 26, 2018, we announced a new repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase up to $30 billion of our common stock. At June 30, 2019, $7.8 billion remained authorized for repurchase. The stock repurchase program has no expiration date.
In September 2018, we entered into three accelerated share repurchase agreements (ASR Agreements) to repurchase an aggregate of $16 billion of our common stock. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, 178.4 million shares were initially deliveredAt March 29, 2020, $4.7 billion remained authorized for repurchase. The stock repurchase program has no expiration date. Shares withheld to us under the ASR Agreements and retired. Pursuantsatisfy statutory tax withholding requirements related to the termsvesting of share-based awards are not issued or considered stock repurchases under our stock repurchase program and, therefore, are excluded from the ASR Agreements,table above. Subsequent to March 29, 2020, to maintain our financial liquidity position and flexibility, we suspended our stock repurchases, at least for the final numbernear-term, in light of shares andCOVID-19. We have the average purchase price willability to reinstate repurchases if we determine it to be determined atin the endbest interest of the purchase periods, which are scheduled to occur in early September 2019 but may occur earlier in certain circumstances.stockholders.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
Not applicable.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
Not applicable.
54


ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
Exhibit
Number
Exhibit DescriptionFormDate of First FilingExhibit NumberFiled Herewith
3.18-K4/20/20183.1
3.28-K7/17/20183.1
4.18-K5/21/20154.1
4.28-K5/21/20154.2
4.38-K5/21/20154.4
4.48-K5/21/20154.6
4.58-K5/21/20154.7
4.68-K5/21/20154.8
4.78-K5/21/20154.9
4.88-K5/21/20154.10
4.98-K5/31/20174.2
4.108-K5/31/20174.5
4.118-K5/31/20174.8
4.128-K5/31/20174.9
4.138-K5/31/20174.10
4.148-K5/31/20174.11
10.7X
31.1X
31.2X
32.1X
32.2X
101.INSXBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.X
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema.X
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase.X
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase.X
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase.X
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase.X
55

Exhibit
Number
 Exhibit Description Form Date of First Filing Exhibit Number Filed Herewith
2.1 
Master Transaction Agreement, dated January 13, 2016, by and among Qualcomm Global Trading Pte. Ltd., each other Purchaser Group member, TDK Japan, each other Seller Group member, and, solely for purposes of Section 10.9 thereof, QUALCOMM Incorporated. (1)
 8-K 1/13/2016 2.1  
2.2 
Amendment #1, dated December 20, 2016, to Master Transaction Agreement, dated January 13, 2016, by and among Qualcomm Global Trading Pte. Ltd., each other Purchaser Group member, TDK Japan, each other Seller Group member, and, solely for purposes of Section 10.9 thereof, QUALCOMM Incorporated. (1)
 10-Q 1/25/2017 2.3  
2.3 
Amendment #2, dated January 19, 2017, to Master Transaction Agreement, dated January 13, 2016, by and among Qualcomm Global Trading Pte. Ltd., each other Purchaser Group member, TDK Japan, each other Seller Group member, and, solely for purposes of Section 10.9 thereof, QUALCOMM Incorporated. (1)
 10-Q 1/25/2017 2.4  
2.4 
Amendment #3, dated February 3, 2017, to Master Transaction Agreement, dated January 13, 2016, by and among Qualcomm Global Trading Pte. Ltd., each other Purchaser Group member, TDK Japan, each other Seller Group member, and, solely for purposes of Section 10.9 thereof, QUALCOMM Incorporated. (1)
 10-Q 4/19/2017 2.6  
3.1 
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.
 8-K 4/20/2018 3.1  
3.2 
Amended and Restated Bylaws.
 8-K 7/17/2018 3.1  
4.1 
Indenture, dated May 20, 2015, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.
 8-K 5/21/2015 4.1  
4.2 
Officers’ Certificate, dated May 20, 2015, for the Floating Rate Notes due 2018, the Floating Rate Notes due 2020, the 1.400% Notes due 2018, the 2.250% Notes due 2020, the 3.000% Notes due 2022, the 3.450% Notes due 2025, the 4.650% Notes due 2035 and the 4.800% Notes due 2045.
 8-K 5/21/2015 4.2  
4.3 
Form of Floating Rate Notes due 2020.
 8-K 5/21/2015 4.4  
4.4 
Form of 2.250% Notes due 2020.
 8-K 5/21/2015 4.6  
4.5 
Form of 3.000% Notes due 2022.
 8-K 5/21/2015 4.7  
4.6 
Form of 3.450% Notes due 2025.
 8-K 5/21/2015 4.8  
4.7 
Form of 4.650% Notes due 2035.
 8-K 5/21/2015 4.9  
4.8 
Form of 4.800% Notes due 2045.
 8-K 5/21/2015 4.10  
4.9 
Officers’ Certificate, dated May 26, 2017, for the Floating Rate Notes due 2019, the Floating Rate Notes due 2020, the Floating Rate Notes due 2023, the 1.850% Notes due 2019, the 2.100% Notes due 2020, the 2.600% Notes due 2023, the 2.900% Notes due 2024, the 3.250% Notes due 2027 and the 4.300% Notes due 2047.
 8-K 5/31/2017 4.2  
4.10 
Form of Floating Rate Notes due 2023.
 8-K 5/31/2017 4.5  
4.11 
Form of 2.600% Notes due 2023.
 8-K 5/31/2017 4.8  
4.12 
Form of 2.900% Notes due 2024.
 8-K 5/31/2017 4.9  
4.13 
Form of 3.250% Notes due 2027.
 8-K 5/31/2017 4.10  
Exhibit
Number
Exhibit DescriptionFormDate of First FilingExhibit NumberFiled Herewith
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

(1)Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be identified pursuant to Item 15(a).


56
Exhibit
Number
 Exhibit Description Form Date of First Filing Exhibit Number Filed Herewith
4.14 
Form of 4.300% Notes due 2047.
 8-K 5/31/2017 4.11  
31.1 
Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 for Steve Mollenkopf.
       X
31.2 
Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 for David Wise.
       X
32.1 
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, for Steve Mollenkopf.
       X
32.2 
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, for David Wise.
       X
101.INS XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.       X
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema.       X
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase.       X
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase.       X
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase.       X
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase.       X
(1) The Company shall furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted schedule to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.



SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

QUALCOMM Incorporated
 
/s/ David WiseAkash Palkhiwala
David WiseAkash Palkhiwala
SeniorExecutive Vice President and
Interim
Chief Financial Officer

Dated: July 31, 2019

April 29, 2020
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