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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 20222023
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ____ to ____
Commission file number 001-39021

WM TECHNOLOGY, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware98-1605615
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
41 Discovery
Irvine, California

92618
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)
(844) 933-3627
(Registrant’ telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per shareMAPSThe Nasdaq Global Select Market
Warrants, each whole warrant exercisable for one share of Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per shareMAPSWThe Nasdaq Global Select Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports); and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:
Large accelerated filerAccelerated filer
Non-accelerated filerSmaller reporting companyEmerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).     Yes   ☐     No  ☒
As of May 2, 2022,5, 2023, there were 86,103,11492,573,466 shares of the registrant’s Class A common stock outstanding and 58,294,28855,486,361 shares of Class V common stock outstanding.


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WM TECHNOLOGY, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
2
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 20222023 and December 31, 20212022
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 20222023 and 20212022
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 20222023 and 20212022
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 20222023 and 20212022


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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), about us and our industry that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this report, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial condition, business strategy and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, forward-looking statements may be identified by words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “design,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potentially,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “will,” “would,” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements concerning the following:

our financial and business performance, including key business metrics and any underlying assumptions thereunder;
our market opportunity and our ability to acquire new customersclients and retain existing customers;clients;
our expectations and timing related to commercial product launches;
the success of our go-to-market strategy;
our ability to scale our business and expand our offerings;
our competitive advantages and growth strategies;
our future capital requirements and sources and uses of cash;
our ability to obtain funding for our future operations;
the impact of the material weakness in our internal controls and our ability to remediate this material weakness on the timing we anticipate, or at all;
the outcome of any known and unknown litigation and regulatory proceedings;
changes in domestic and foreign business, market, financial, political and legal conditions;
the effect of macroeconomic conditions, including but not limited to the COVID-19 pandemic, inflation, uncertain credit and global financial markets, recent and potential future disruptions in access to bank deposits or lending commitments due to bank failures and geopolitical events, including the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine;
future global, regional or local economic and market conditions affecting the cannabis industry;
the development, effects and enforcement of and changes to laws and regulations, including with respect to the cannabis industry;
our ability to successfully capitalize on new and existing cannabis markets, including our ability to successfully monetize our solutions in those markets;
our ability to manage future growth;
our ability to effectively anticipate and address changes in the end-user market in the cannabis industry;
our ability to develop new products and solutions, bring them to market in a timely manner and make enhancements to our platform and our ability to maintain and grow our two sidedtwo-sided digital network, including our ability to acquire and retain paying customers;clients;
the effects of competition on our future business;
our success in retaining or recruiting, or changes required in, officers, key employees or directors;directors
that we have identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting which, if not corrected, could affect the reliability of our consolidated financial statements;cyber-attacks and security vulnerabilities; and
the possibility that we may be adversely affected by other economic, business or competitive factors.

You should not rely on forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We have based the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition, and operating results. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to risks, uncertainties, and other factors described in the section titled “Risk Factors” and included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021,2022, filed with the SEC on February 25, 2022.March 16, 2023. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The results, events, and circumstances reflected


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in the forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur, and actual results, events, or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.

In addition, statements that “we believe,” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based on information available to us as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. While we believe that information provides a reasonable basis for these statements, that information may be limited or incomplete. Our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain, and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely on these statements.

The forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions, or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures, or investments.


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Part I - Financial Information
Item 1.    Financial Statements
WM TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except for share data)
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
AssetsAssetsAssets
Current assetsCurrent assetsCurrent assets
CashCash$55,857 $67,777 Cash$25,902 $28,583 
Accounts receivable, netAccounts receivable, net23,657 17,550 Accounts receivable, net15,401 17,438 
Prepaid expenses and other current assetsPrepaid expenses and other current assets12,031 13,607 Prepaid expenses and other current assets6,866 8,962 
Total current assetsTotal current assets91,545 98,934 Total current assets48,169 54,983 
Property and equipment, netProperty and equipment, net17,339 13,283 Property and equipment, net25,556 24,928 
GoodwillGoodwill65,722 45,295 Goodwill68,368 68,368 
Intangible assets, netIntangible assets, net13,488 8,299 Intangible assets, net9,784 10,339 
Right-of-use assetsRight-of-use assets35,404 36,549 Right-of-use assets30,245 31,447 
Deferred tax assets171,021 152,097 
Other assetsOther assets10,687 10,687 Other assets8,504 8,970 
Total assetsTotal assets$405,206 $365,144 Total assets$190,626 $199,035 
Liabilities and Equity
Liabilities and Stockholders’ EquityLiabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilitiesCurrent liabilitiesCurrent liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expensesAccounts payable and accrued expenses$22,355 $23,155 Accounts payable and accrued expenses$26,170 $33,635 
Deferred revenueDeferred revenue7,897 8,057 Deferred revenue6,366 6,256 
Operating lease liabilities, currentOperating lease liabilities, current5,673 5,463 Operating lease liabilities, current6,574 6,334 
Tax receivable agreement liability, currentTax receivable agreement liability, current500 — 
Other current liabilitiesOther current liabilities1,000 1,125 Other current liabilities98 98 
Total current liabilitiesTotal current liabilities36,925 37,800 Total current liabilities39,708 46,323 
Operating lease liabilities, non-currentOperating lease liabilities, non-current37,886 39,377 Operating lease liabilities, non-current31,314 33,043 
Tax receivable agreement liability134,118 128,567 
Tax receivable agreement liability, non-currentTax receivable agreement liability, non-current100 500 
Warrant liabilityWarrant liability45,679 27,460 Warrant liability1,365 2,090 
Other long-term liabilitiesOther long-term liabilities1,627 — Other long-term liabilities2,900 2,302 
Total liabilitiesTotal liabilities256,235 233,204 Total liabilities75,387 84,258 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 3)Commitments and contingencies (Note 3)00Commitments and contingencies (Note 3)
Stockholders’ equity/Members’ equity
Preferred Stock - $0.0001 par value; 75,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021— — 
Class A Common Stock - $0.0001 par value; 1,500,000,000 shares authorized; 83,098,990 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2022 and 65,677,361 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2021
Class V Common Stock - $0.0001 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized, 61,206,773 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2022 and 65,502,347 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2021
Stockholders’ equityStockholders’ equity
Preferred Stock - $0.0001 par value; 75,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022Preferred Stock - $0.0001 par value; 75,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022— — 
Class A Common Stock - $0.0001 par value; 1,500,000,000 shares authorized; 92,573,466 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and 92,062,468 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2022Class A Common Stock - $0.0001 par value; 1,500,000,000 shares authorized; 92,573,466 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and 92,062,468 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2022
Class V Common Stock - $0.0001 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized, 55,486,361 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022Class V Common Stock - $0.0001 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized, 55,486,361 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022
Additional paid-in capitalAdditional paid-in capital43,970 2,173 Additional paid-in capital72,444 67,986 
Retained earnings47,476 61,369 
Accumulated deficitAccumulated deficit(57,095)(54,620)
Total WM Technology, Inc. stockholders’ equityTotal WM Technology, Inc. stockholders’ equity91,460 63,556 Total WM Technology, Inc. stockholders’ equity15,363 13,380 
Noncontrolling interestsNoncontrolling interests57,511 68,384 Noncontrolling interests99,876 101,397 
Total equity148,971 131,940 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity/members’ equity$405,206 $365,144 
Total stockholders’ equityTotal stockholders’ equity115,239 114,777 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equityTotal liabilities and stockholders’ equity$190,626 $199,035 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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WM TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except for share data)
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
Revenues$57,452 $41,154 
Operating expenses
Cost of revenues3,740 1,857 
Sales and marketing21,882 9,117 
Product development13,090 7,868 
General and administrative29,055 13,366 
Depreciation and amortization3,945 1,002 
Total operating expenses71,712 33,210 
Operating (loss) income(14,260)7,944 
Other income (expenses)
Change in fair value of warrant liability(18,219)— 
Other (expense) income, net(502)28 
(Loss) income before income taxes(32,981)7,972 
(Benefit from) provision for income taxes(1,748)241 
Net (loss) income(31,233)7,731 
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(17,340)— 
Net (loss) income attributable to WM Technology, Inc.$(13,893)$7,731 
Class A Common Stock:
Basic and diluted loss per share$(0.19)N/A¹
Class A Common Stock:
Weighted average basic and diluted shares outstanding72,450,204 N/A¹
__________________
¹ Prior to the Business Combination, the membership structure of the Company included units which had profit interests. The Company analyzed the calculation of earnings per unit for periods prior to the Business Combination and determined that it resulted in values that would not be meaningful to the users of these condensed consolidated financial statements. As a result, earnings per share information has not been presented for periods prior to the Business Combination on June 16, 2021 (Note 5).
Three Months Ended March 31,
20232022
Revenues$48,007 $57,452 
Operating expenses
Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)3,494 3,740 
Sales and marketing12,060 21,882 
Product development10,934 13,090 
General and administrative22,500 29,055 
Depreciation and amortization3,167 3,945 
Total operating expenses52,155 71,712 
Operating loss(4,148)(14,260)
Other income (expenses)
Change in fair value of warrant liability725 (18,219)
Change in tax receivable agreement liability(100)— 
Other expense, net(446)(502)
Loss before income taxes(3,969)(32,981)
Benefit from income taxes— (1,748)
Net loss(3,969)(31,233)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(1,494)(17,340)
Net loss attributable to WM Technology, Inc.$(2,475)$(13,893)
Class A Common Stock:
Basic and diluted loss per share$(0.03)$(0.19)
Class A Common Stock:
Weighted average basic and diluted shares outstanding92,323,757 72,450,204 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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WM TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except for share data)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Common Stock
Class A
Common Stock
Class V
Additional Paid-in CapitalRetained EarningsTotal WM Technology, Inc. Stockholders’ EquityNon-controlling InterestsTotal Equity
SharesPar ValueSharesPar Value
As of December 31, 202165,677,361$65,502,347$$2,173 $61,369 $63,556 $68,384 $131,940 
Stock-based compensation— — 7,246 — 7,246 681 7,927 
Issuance of common stock - vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes879,284 — — — (6)— (6)(7)(13)
Issuance of common stock for acquisition (Note 6)4,721,706 — — — 12,836 — 12,836 15,889 28,725 
Issuance of common stock - Class A Unit exchange4,295,574(4,295,574)(1)3,669 — 3,669 (3,669)— 
Issuance of common stock - Class P Unit exchange7,525,045— — 6,427 — 6,427 (6,427)— 
Issuance of common stock - warrants exercised20— — — — — — — 
Impact of Tax Receivable Agreement due to exchanges of Units— — 11,625 — 11,625 — 11,625 
Net loss— — — (13,893)(13,893)(17,340)(31,233)
As of March 31, 202283,098,990$61,206,773$$43,970 $47,476 $91,460 $57,511 $148,971 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Common Stock
Class A
Common Stock
Class V
Additional Paid-in CapitalAccumulated DeficitTotal WM Technology, Inc. Stockholders’ EquityNon-controlling InterestsTotal Equity
SharesPar ValueSharesPar Value
As of December 31, 202292,062,468$55,486,361$$67,986 $(54,620)$13,380 $101,397 $114,777 
Stock-based compensation— — — 4,396 — 4,396 285 4,681 
Issuance of common stock - vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes475,510— — — — — — — — 
Distributions— — — — — — (250)(250)
Issuance of common stock - Class P Unit exchange35,488— — — 62 — 62 (62)— 
Net loss— — — — (2,475)(2,475)(1,494)(3,969)
As of March 31, 202392,573,466$55,486,361$$72,444 $(57,095)$15,363 $99,876 $115,239 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Common Stock
Class A
Common Stock
Class V
Additional Paid-in CapitalRetained EarningsTotal WM Technology, Inc. Stockholders’ EquityNon-controlling InterestsMembers’ EquityTotal Equity
SharesPar ValueSharesPar Value
As of December 31, 2020$— — $— $— $— $— $— $29,271 $29,271 
Distributions to members— — — — — — — (10,513)(10,513)
Repurchase of Class B Units— — — — — — — (106)(106)
Net income— — — — — — — 7,731 7,731 
As of
March 31, 2021
$— — $— $— $— $— $— $26,383 $26,383 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Common Stock
Class A
Common Stock
Class V
Additional Paid-in CapitalRetained EarningsTotal WM Technology, Inc. Stockholders’ EquityNon-controlling InterestsTotal Equity
SharesPar ValueSharesPar Value
As of December 31, 202165,677,361$65,502,347 $$2,173 $61,369 $63,556 $68,384 $131,940 
Stock-based compensation— — — 7,246 — 7,246 681 7,927 
Issuance of common stock - vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes879,284— — — (6)— (6)(7)(13)
Issuance of common stock for acquisitions4,721,706— — — 12,836 — 12,836 15,889 28,725 
Issuance of common stock - Class A Unit exchange4,295,574(4,295,574)(1)3,669 — 3,669 (3,669)— 
Issuance of common stock - Class P Unit exchange7,525,045— — — 6,427 — 6,427 (6,427)— 
Issuance of common stock - warrants exercised20— — — — — — — — 
Impact of Tax Receivable Agreement due
to exchanges of Units
— — — 11,625 — 11,625 — 11,625 
Net loss— — — — (13,893)(13,893)(17,340)(31,233)
As of March 31, 202283,098,990$61,206,773$$43,970 $47,476 $91,460 $57,511 $148,971 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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WM TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
2022202120232022
Cash flows from operating activitiesCash flows from operating activitiesCash flows from operating activities
Net (loss) income$(31,233)$7,731 
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Net lossNet loss$(3,969)$(31,233)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization3,945 1,002 Depreciation and amortization3,167 3,945 
Change in fair value of warrant liabilityChange in fair value of warrant liability18,219 — Change in fair value of warrant liability(725)18,219 
Change in tax receivable agreement liabilityChange in tax receivable agreement liability100 — 
Stock-based compensationStock-based compensation7,517 — Stock-based compensation4,383 7,517 
Deferred income taxes(1,748)— 
Deferred tax assetDeferred tax asset— (1,748)
Provision for doubtful accountsProvision for doubtful accounts2,759 115 Provision for doubtful accounts1,951 2,759 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:Changes in operating assets and liabilities:Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivableAccounts receivable(7,802)1,760 Accounts receivable86 (7,802)
Prepaid expenses and other assets1,617 (2,524)
Prepaid expenses and other current assetsPrepaid expenses and other current assets2,447 1,617 
Other assetsOther assets25 — 
Accounts payable and accrued expensesAccounts payable and accrued expenses(11)1,578 Accounts payable and accrued expenses(5,417)3,132 
Deferred revenueDeferred revenue(256)925 Deferred revenue109 (256)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities(6,993)10,587 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activitiesNet cash provided by (used in) operating activities2,157 (3,850)
Cash flows from investing activitiesCash flows from investing activitiesCash flows from investing activities
Purchases of property and equipmentPurchases of property and equipment(4,201)(283)Purchases of property and equipment(3,226)(4,201)
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquiredCash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired(713)— Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired— (713)
Net cash used in investing activitiesNet cash used in investing activities(4,914)(283)Net cash used in investing activities(3,226)(4,914)
Cash flows from financing activitiesCash flows from financing activitiesCash flows from financing activities
Repayments of insurance premium financingRepayments of insurance premium financing(1,450)(3,143)
DistributionsDistributions(250)— 
Proceeds from repayment of related party noteProceeds from repayment of related party note88 — 
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awardsTaxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards(13)— Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards— (13)
Distributions to members— (10,513)
Repurchase of Class B Units— (106)
Net cash used in financing activitiesNet cash used in financing activities(13)(10,619)Net cash used in financing activities(1,612)(3,156)
Net decrease in cashNet decrease in cash(11,920)(315)Net decrease in cash(2,681)(11,920)
Cash – beginning of periodCash – beginning of period67,777 19,919 Cash – beginning of period28,583 67,777 
Cash – end of periodCash – end of period$55,857 $19,604 Cash – end of period$25,902 $55,857 
Supplemental disclosures of noncash activities
Issuance of equity for acquisitions$28,725 $— 
Holdback liability recognized in connection with acquisition$98 $— 
Accrued liabilities assumed in connection with acquisition$586 $— 
Stock-based compensation capitalized for software development$410 $— 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.



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WM TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
(Continued)
Three Months Ended March 31,
20232022
Supplemental disclosures of noncash investing and financing activities
Stock-based compensation capitalized for software development$298 $410 
Insurance premium financing$— $248 
Issuance of equity for acquisitions$— $28,725 
Holdback liability recognized in connection with the acquisition$— $98 
Accrued liabilities assumed in connection with acquisition$— $586 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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WM TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)(Unaudited)

1.    Business and Organization
Founded in 2008, and headquartered in Irvine, California, WM Technology, Inc. (the “Company”) is oneoperates a leading online cannabis marketplace for consumers together with a comprehensive set of the oldesteCommerce and largest marketplacecompliance software solutions for cannabis businesses, which are sold to both storefront locations and technology solutions providers exclusively servicing the cannabis industry, primarily consumers, retailers, delivery servicesoperators (“retailers”) and brands in the United States state-legalU.S. states, U.S. territories and Canadian legalized cannabis markets. The Company’s comprehensive business-to-consumer (“B2C”) and business-to-business (“B2B”) suite of products afford cannabis retailers and brands of all sizes integrated tools to compliantly run their businesses and to reach, convert, and retain consumers.
The Company’s business primarily consists of its commerce-driven marketplace Weedmaps,(“Weedmaps”), and its monthly subscriptionfully integrated suite of end-to-end Software-as-a-Service (“SaaS”) solutions software offering WM Business.(“Weedmaps for Business”). The Company’s Weedmaps marketplace provides information on the cannabis plant and the industry and advocates for legalization. The Weedmaps marketplace provides consumers with information regarding cannabis retailers and brands, as well asbrands. In addition, the Weedmaps marketplace aggregates data from a variety of sources including retailer point-of-sale solutions to provide consumers with the ability to browse by strain, pricing,price, cannabinoids and other information regarding locally available cannabis products, through the Company’s website and mobile apps, permittingapps. The marketplace provides consumers with product discovery, access to deals and discounts, and reservation of products for pickup by consumers or delivery to consumers by participating retailers. WMretailers (retailers complete orders and process payments outside of the Weedmaps marketplace as Weedmaps serves only as a portal, passing a consumer’s inquiry to the dispensary). The marketplace also provides education and learning information to help newer consumers learn about the types of products to purchase. The Company believes the size, loyalty and engagement of its user base and the frequency of consumption of cannabis of its user base is highly valuable to the Company’s clients and results in clients paying for its services.
Weedmaps for Business, the Company’s subscription package,SaaS offering, is a comprehensive set of eCommerce and compliance software solutions catered towards cannabis retailers, delivery services and brands where clients receive access tothat streamline front and back-end operations and help manage compliance needs. These tools support cannabis businesses at every stage in the consumer funnel, enabling them to:
Strategically reach prospective cannabis consumers;
Manage pickup, delivery and inventory in compliance with local regulations;
Help improve the customer experience by creating online browsing and ordering functionality on a standard listing pagebrand or retailer (including delivery) operator’s website and its suiteby extending that functionality in-store with kiosks;
Foster customer loyalty and re-engage with segments of consumers;
Leverage the Weedmaps for Business products in conjunction with any other preferred software solutions including WM Orders, WM Dispatch, WM Store, WM Dashboard,via integrations and APIapplication programming interfaces (“APIs”); and
Make informed marketing and merchandising decisions using performance analytics and consumer and brand insights to promote products to specific consumer groups.
The Company’s solutions are designed to address these challenges facing cannabis consumers and businesses. The Weedmaps marketplace allows cannabis users to search for and browse cannabis products from retailers and brands, and ultimately reserve products from certain local retailers, in a manner similar to other technology platforms with breadth and depth of product, brand and retailer selection. With the development of Weedmaps for Business, the Company offers an end-to-end platform for licensed cannabis retailers to comply with state law. The Company sells a monthly subscription offering to storefront, delivery and brand clients as well as upsell and add-on offerings to licensed clients. The Company’s current subscription package includes:
WM Listings: A listing page with product menu for a retailer or brand on the Weedmaps marketplace, enabling the Company’s clients to be discovered by the marketplace’s users. This also allows clients to disclose their license information, hours of operation, contact information, discount policies and other information that may be required under applicable state law;
WM Orders: Software for retailers to receive pickup and delivery orders directly from a Weedmaps listing and connect orders directly with a client’s POS system (for certain POS systems). The marketplace also enables brands to route customer purchase interest to a retailer that carries the brand’s product. After a dispensary receives the order request from the consumer, the dispensary and the consumer can continue to communicate, adjust items in the request, and handle any stock issues, prior to and while the dispensary processes and fulfills the order;
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WM Store: Customizable online store which allows retailers and brands to import their Weedmaps listing menu or product reservation functionality to their own white-labeled WM Store website or separately owned website. WM Store facilitates customer pickup or delivery orders and enables retailers to reach more customers by bringing the breadth of the Weedmaps marketplace to a client’s own website;
WM Connectors: A centralized integration platform, including API tools, for easier menu management, automatic inventory updates and streamlined order fulfillment to enable clients to save time and more easily integrate into the WM Technology ecosystem and integrate with disparate software systems. This creates business efficiencies and improves the accuracy and timeliness of information across Weedmaps, creating a more positive experience for consumers and businesses; and
WM Insights: An insights and analytics platform for clients leveraging data across the Weedmaps marketplace and software solutions. WM Insights provides data and analytics on user engagement and traffic trends to a client’s listing page. For Brand clients, WM Insights allows them to monitor their brand and product rankings, identify retailers not carrying products and keep track of top brands and products by category and state.
The Company also offers other add-on products for additional fees, including:
WM Ads: Ad solutions on the Weedmaps marketplace designed for clients to amplify their businesses and reach more highly engaged cannabis consumers throughout their buying journey including:
Featured Listings: Premium placement ad solutions on high visibility locations on the Weedmaps marketplace (desktop and mobile) to amplify the Company’s clients’ businesses and maximize clients’ listings and deal presence.
WM Deals: Discount and promotion pricing tools that let clients strategically reach prospective price-conscious cannabis customers with deals or discounts to drive conversion. In some jurisdictions, it is required by applicable law to showcase discounts.
Other WM Ads solutions:Includes banner ads and promotion tiles on our marketplace as well as banner ads that can be tied to keyword searches. These products provide clients with targeted ad solutions in highly visible slots across our digital surfaces.
WM AdSuite: Omni-channel (on and off platform) marketing solution with access to its the Weedmaps marketplace and cannabis-friendly off marketplace outlets including certain publishers, out-of-home units in addition to other media solutions. These campaigns leverage proprietary first-party Weedmaps data to target verified cannabis consumers.
WM Exchange products, where available. CRM: Customer relationship management software allowing clients to reach new consumers, build loyalty, and grow revenue with our compliant app, text and marketing tools. The tools also allow for retargeting and re-engagement of cannabis consumers.
WM Dispatch: Compliant, automated and optimized logistics and fulfillment last-mile delivery software (including driver apps) that helps clients manage their delivery fleets. This product streamlines the delivery experience from in-store to front-door.
WM Screens: In-store digital menu signage and kiosk solution and media management tool enabling clients to enhance the in-store experience, impact omnichannel retail and centralize operations with revenue-driving and customizable digital signage.
The Company charges a monthly fee to retailer, delivery and brand clients for access to its WM Business subscription package, which includes WM Listings, WM Orders, WM Store, WM Connectors and then offersWM Insights. Depending on the market, the other add-on products are available for additional fees, including its featured listings and its Sprout (customer relationship management), Cannveya (delivery and logistics software) and Enlighten (software, digital signage services and multi-media offerings) solutions. fees.
The Company sells its WMWeedmaps for Business offeringsuite in the United States, and currently offers some of its WMWeedmaps for Business solutions in Canada and has a limited number of non-monetized listings in several other countries including Austria, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain and Switzerland. The Company operates in the United States, Canada and other foreign jurisdictions where medical and/or adult cannabis use is legal under state or applicable national law. As of March 31, 2023, the Company
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actively operated in over 30 U.S. states and territories that have adult-use and/or medical-use regulations in place. The Company defines actively operated markets as those U.S. states or territories with greater than $1,000 monthly revenue.
The Company’s mission is to power a transparent and inclusive global cannabis economy. The Company’s technology addresses the challenges facing both consumers seeking to understand cannabis products and businesses who serve cannabis users in a legally compliant fashion. Over the past 14 years, Weedmaps has become a premier destination for cannabis consumers to discover and browse information regarding cannabis and cannabis products, permitting product discovery and order-ahead for pickup or delivery by participating retailers. Weedmaps for Business is a set of eCommerce-enablement tools designed to help retailers and brands get the best out of the Weedmaps’ consumer experience, create labor efficiencies and manage compliance needs.
The Company holds a strong belief in the importance of enabling safe, legal access to cannabis for consumers worldwide. The Company believes it offers the only comprehensive software platform that allows cannabis retailers to reach their target audience, quickly and cost effectively, addressing a wide range of needs. The Company is headquarteredcommitted to building the software solutions that power cannabis businesses compliantly in Irvine, California.the industry, to advocating for legalization, licensing and social equity of cannabis and to facilitating further learning through partnership with subject matter experts to provide detailed, accurate information about cannabis.
WM Technology, Inc. was initially incorporated in the Cayman Islands on June 7, 2019 under the name “Silver Spike Acquisition Corp” (“Silver Spike”). Silver Spike was formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, amalgamation, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses. On June 16, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), Silver Spike consummated the business combination (the “Business Combination”), pursuant to that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated December 10, 2020 (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Silver Spike, Silver Spike Merger Sub LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly owned direct subsidiary of Silver Spike Acquisition Corp. (“Merger Sub”), WM Holding Company, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (when referred to in its pre-Business Combination capacity, “Legacy WMH” and following the Business Combination, “WMH LLC”), and Ghost Media Group, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company, solely in its capacity as the initial holder representative (the “Holder Representative”). On the Closing Date, and in connection with the closing of the Business Combination (the “Closing”), Silver Spike was domesticated and continues as a Delaware corporation, changing its name to WM Technology, Inc.
TheOn the Closing Date, the Company was reorganized into an Up-C structure, in which substantially all of the assets and business of the Company are held by WMH LLC and continue to operate through WMH LLC and its subsidiaries, and WM Technology, Inc.’s material assets are the equity interests of WMH LLC indirectly held by it. Legacy WMH was determined to be the accounting acquirer in the Business Combination, which was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).

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2.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
The summary of significant accounting policies presented below is designed to assist in understanding the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. Such condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes are the representations of the Company’s management, who is responsible for their integrity and objectivity. Management believes that these accounting policies conform to GAAP in all material respects, and have been consistently applied in preparing the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and applicable rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and Article 10-1 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain information and footnotes required by GAAP in annual financial statements have been omitted or condensed and these interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021,2022, filed with the SEC on February 25, 2022.March 16, 2023. The condensed financial statements of the Company include all adjustments of a normal recurring nature which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2022,2023, and results of its operations and its cash flows for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the entire year. There have been no significant changes in the Company’s accounting policies from those described in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes to those statements.
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with GAAP (the “Reverse Recapitalization”). Under this method of accounting, Silver Spike was treated as the acquired company and Legacy WMH was treated as the acquirer for financial statement reporting purposes.
Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the Reverse Recapitalization was treated as the equivalent of Legacy WMH issuing stock for the net assets of Silver Spike, accompanied by a recapitalization.
Legacy WMH was determined to be the accounting acquirer based on evaluation of the following facts and circumstances:
Legacy WMH Class A Unit holders, through their ownership of the Class V Common Stock, have the greatest voting interest in the Company with over 50% of the voting interest;
Legacy WMH selected the majority of the new board of directors of the Company;
Legacy WMH senior management is the senior management of the Company; and
Legacy WMH is the larger entity based on historical operating activity and has the larger employee base.
Thus, the financial statements included in this quarterly report reflect (i) the historical operating results of Legacy WMH prior to the Business Combination; (ii) the combined results of the WMH LLC and Silver Spike following the Business Combination; and (iii) the acquired assets and liabilities of Silver Spike stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded.
Principles of Consolidation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of WM Technology, Inc. and WM Holding Company, LLC, including their wholly and majority owned subsidiaries. In conformity with GAAP, all significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Foreign Currency
Assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Revenue and expense accounts are translated at the average exchange rates during the periods. The impact of exchange rate fluctuations from translation of assets and liabilities is insignificant for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 and 2021.
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2022.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the interim condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Significant estimates made by management include, among others, the valuation of accounts receivable,allowance for expected credit losses, the useful lives of long-lived assets, income taxes, website and internal-use software development costs, leases, valuation of goodwill and other intangible assets, valuation of warrant liability, deferred tax asset,assets and the related valuation allowance, tax receivable agreement liability, revenue recognition, stock-based compensation and the recognition and disclosure of contingent liabilities.
Risks and Uncertainties
The Company operates in a relatively new industry where laws and regulations vary significantly by jurisdiction. Currently, thirty-nine states, the majorityDistrict of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Guam have legalized some form of cannabis use for certain medical purposes. Twenty-two of those states, the District of Columbia, Guam, and Northern Mariana have legalized cannabis for adults for non-medical purposes as well (sometimes referred to as adult or recreational use). Eight additional states have legalized forms of low-potency cannabis, for select medical conditions. Only three states continue to prohibit cannabis entirely.. Additionally, while a number of U.S. states permit medicallegislators have introduced various bills to legalize cannabis and several permit adult- use. However,at the federal level, none of these bills has become law. Currently, under federal law, cannabis, other than hemp (defined by the U.S. government as Cannabis sativa L.L. with a THC concentration of not more than 0.3% on a dry weight basis), is still a Schedule I controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act (“CSA”). Even in states or territories that have legalized
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cannabis to some extent, the cultivation, possession, and sale of cannabis all violate the CSA and are punishable by imprisonment, substantial fines, and forfeiture. Moreover, individuals and entities may violate federal law if they aid and abet another in violating the CSA, or conspire with another to violate the law, and violating the CSA is a predicate for certain other crimes, including money laundering laws and the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act. If any of the states that permit use of cannabis were to change their laws or the federal government was to actively enforce the CSA or other laws related to the federal prohibition on cannabis, the Company’s business could be adversely affected.
In addition, the Company’s ability to grow and meet its operating objectives depends largely on the continued legalization and regulation of cannabis on a widespread basis. There can be no assurance that such legalization will occur on a timely basis, or at all.
The geographic concentration of the Company’s clients makes the Company vulnerable to a downturn in the local market area. Historically, the Company’s business operations have been located primarily in the State of California, and for the three months ended March 31, 2023, approximately 55% of the Company’s revenue originated in California.
Fair Value Measurements
The Company follows the guidance in ASCAccounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820 - Fair Value Measurements for its financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value at each reporting period. See Note 4 for additional information on liabilities measured at fair value.
The fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities reflects management’s estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:
Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. An active market for an asset or liability is a market in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
Level 2: Observable inputs other than Level 1 inputs. Examples of Level 2 inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities and quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs based on the Company assessment of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable is recorded at the invoiced amount and does not bear interest.
Effective January 1, 2021, the Company adopted the new accounting guidance on measuring credit losses on its trade accounts receivable using the modified retrospective approach. The new credit loss guidance replaces the old model for measuring the allowance for credit losses with a model that is based on the expected losses rather than incurred losses. Under the new accounting guidance, the Company measures credit losses on its trade accounts receivable using the current expected credit loss model under ASC 326 Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, which is based on the expected losses rather than incurred losses. Under the.
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credit loss model, lifetime expected credit losses are measured and recognized at each reporting date based on historical, current and forecast information.
The Company calculates the expected credit losses on a pool basis for those trade receivables that have similar risk characteristics. For those trade receivables that do not share similar risk characteristics, the allowance for doubtful accounts is calculated on an individual basis. Risk characteristics relevant to the Company’s accounts receivable include balance of customer account and aging status.
Account balances are written off against the allowance when it is determined that it is probable that the receivable will not be recovered. The Company recorded a provisionhad allowance for doubtful accountsaccount balances of $7.2$13.4 million and $5.2$12.2 million as of March 31, 20222023 and December 31, 2021,2022, respectively.
As of March 31, 2023, a receivable due from one single customer accounted for approximately 11% of the total gross accounts receivable outstanding.

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The following table summarizes the changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts:

Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
2022202120232022
Allowance, beginning of year$5,169 $914 
Allowance, beginning of periodAllowance, beginning of period$12,232 $5,169 
Addition to allowanceAddition to allowance2,759 115 Addition to allowance1,951 2,759 
Write-off, net of recoveriesWrite-off, net of recoveries(686)(354)Write-off, net of recoveries(770)(686)
Allowance, end of periodAllowance, end of period$7,242 $675 Allowance, end of period$13,413 $7,242 
Investments in Equity Securities
Investments in equity securities that do not have a readily determinable fair value and qualify for the measurement alternative for equity investments provided in ASC 321, Investments – Equity Securities are accounted for at cost, less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment of the same issuer. As of March 31, 20222023 and December 31, 2021,2022, the carrying value of the Company’s investments in equity securities without a readily determinable fair value was $6.5$3.5 million, which is recorded within Otherother assets on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The Company performs a qualitative assessment at each reporting date to evaluate whether the investments in equity securities are impaired. When a qualitative assessment indicates that an investment is impaired, the investment is written down to its fair value and the impairment charge is included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. No impairments to investments in equity securities were recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation, and consist of internally developed software, computer equipment, furniture and fixtures and leasehold improvements. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets and generally over fivethree years for computer equipment, seven years for furniture and fixtures and five years for leasehold improvements. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Capitalized website and internal-use software development costs are included in property and equipment in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company capitalizes certain costs related to the development and enhancement of the Weedmaps platform and SaaS solutions. The Company began to capitalize these costs when preliminary development efforts were successfully completed, management has authorized and committed project funding, and it was probable that the project would be completed and the software would be used as intended. Capitalization ceases upon completion of all substantial testing. Maintenance and training costs are expensed as incurred. Such costs are amortized when placed in service, on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the related asset, generally estimated to be three years. Costs incurred for enhancements that were expected to result in additional features or functionality are capitalized and expensed over the estimated useful life of the enhancements, generally three years. Product development costs that do not meet the criteria for capitalization are expensed as incurred.
The Company assess impairment of property and equipment when an event and change in circumstance indicates that the carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable. If an event and a change in circumstance indicates that the carrying amount of an asset (or asset group) may not be recoverable and the expected undiscounted cash flows attributable to the asset are less than its carrying value, an impairment loss equals to the excess of the asset’s carrying value over its fair value is recognized. No impairments to property and equipment were recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill consists of the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets of businesses acquired. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment each year using a qualitative or quantitative process that is performed at least annually or
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whenever events or circumstances indicate a likely reduction in the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. The Company has concluded that it has one reporting unit.
The Company performs the annual impairment analysis on December 31 in order to provide management time to complete the analysis prior to year-end. Prior to performing the quantitative evaluation, an assessment of qualitative factors may be performed to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds the carrying value. If it is determined that it is unlikely that the carrying value exceeds the fair value, the Company is not required to complete the quantitative goodwill impairment evaluation. If it is determined that the carrying value may exceed fair value when considering qualitative factors, a quantitative goodwill impairment evaluation is performed. When performing the quantitative evaluation, if the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss equal to the difference will be recorded.
Intangible assets are recorded at cost less accumulated amortization. Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances may affect the recoverability of the net assets. Such reviews may include an analysis of current results and take into consideration the undiscounted value of projected operating cash flows. No goodwill or intangible asset impairment charges were recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
Leases
The Company classifies arrangements meeting the definition of a lease as operating or financing leases, and leases are recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheetsheets as both a right-of-use asset (“ROU”) and lease liability, calculated by discounting fixed lease payments over the lease term at the rate implicit in the lease or the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. Lease liabilities are increased by interest and reduced by payments each period, and the right-of-use asset is amortized over the lease term. For operating leases, interest on the lease liability and the amortization of the right-of-use asset result in straight-line rent expense over the lease term. For finance leases, interest on the lease liability and the amortization of the right-of-use asset results in front-loaded expense over the lease term. Variable lease expenses are recorded when incurred.
In calculating the right-of-use asset and lease liability, the Company elects to combine lease and non-lease components for all classes of assets. The Company excludes short-term leases having initial terms of 12 months or less from the new guidance as an accounting policy election, and instead recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The Company assessassesses impairment of ROU assets when an event and change in circumstance indicates that the carrying value of such ROU assets may not be recoverable. If an event and a change in circumstance indicates that the carrying value of an ROU asset may not be recoverable and the estimated fair value attributable to the ROU asset is less than its carrying value, an impairment loss equals to the excess of the ROU asset’s carrying value over its fair value is recognized.
Total lease costs, net for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were $2.2 million and 2021 were $2.5 million, respectively. Sublease rental income is recognized as a reduction to the related lease expense on a straight-line basis over the sublease term. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and $2.92022, the Company recorded contra rent expense related to its subleases of $0.5 million and $0.4 million, respectively.
Warrant Liability
The Company assumed 12,499,993 public warrantsPublic Warrants originally issued in the initial public offering of Silver Spike (the “Public Warrants”) and 7,000,000 Private Placement Warrants that were originally issued in a private placement by Silver Spike (the “Private Placement Warrants” and together with the Public Warrants, the “Warrants”) upon the Closing, all of which were issued in connection with Silver Spike’s initial public offering and entitle the holder to purchase one share of Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of at $11.50 per share. As of March 31, 2022,2023, 12,499,973 Public Warrants and 7,000,000 Private Placement Warrants remained outstanding. The Public Warrants are publicly traded and are exercisable for cash unless certain conditions occur, such as the failure to have an effective registration statement related to the shares issuable upon exercise or redemption by the Company under certain conditions, at which time the warrants may be cashless exercised. The Private Placement Warrants are transferable, assignable or salable in certain limited exceptions. The Private Placement Warrants are exercisable for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holder’s option, and are non-redeemable so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. If the Private Placement Warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the Private Placement Warrants will cease to be Private Placement Warrants, and become Public Warrants and be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the other Public Warrants.
The Company evaluated the Warrants under ASC 815-40 - Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity, and concluded they do not meet the criteria to be classified in stockholders’ equity. Specifically, the exercise of the Warrants
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may be settled in cash upon the occurrence of a tender offer or exchange that involves 50% or more of our Class A equity holders. Because not all of the voting stockholders need to participate in such tender offer or exchange to trigger the potential cash settlement and the Company does not control the occurrence of such an event, the Company concluded that the Warrants do not meet the conditions to be classified in equity. Since the Warrants meet the definition of a derivative under ASC 815, the Company recorded these warrants as liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets at fair value, with subsequent changes in their respective fair values recognized in change in fair value of warrant liabilities within the condensed consolidated statements of operations at each reporting date.
Tax Receivable Agreement
In connection with the Business Combination, the Company entered into a tax receivable agreement (the “Tax Receivable Agreement”“TRA”) with continuing members that provides for a payment to the continuing Class A Unit holders of 85% of the amount of tax benefits, if any, that the Company realizes, or is deemed to realize, as a result of redemptions or exchanges of Units. In connection with such potential future tax benefits resulting from the Business Combination, the Company has established a deferred tax asset for the additional tax basis and a corresponding TRA liability of 85% of the expected benefit. The remaining 15% is recorded to additional paid-in capital.
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TableThe TRA liability is subject to remeasurement each reporting period, due to various factors, including changes in federal and state income tax rates and assessment of Contentsthe probability of payment. As these remeasurement changes are subsequent to the initial measurement, the impact of the remeasurement is recorded in other income (loss) on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of March 31, 2023, tax receivable agreement liability was $0.6 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company recognized a loss of $0.1 million related to the remeasurement of its TRA liability. See
WM TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Income Taxes below for information related to the Company’s allowance against its net deferred tax assets.
Revenue Recognition
The Company’s revenues are derived primarily from monthly subscriptions and additional offerings for access to the Company’s Weedmaps platformmarketplace and SaaS solutions. The Company recognizes revenue when the fundamental criteria for revenue recognition are met. The Company recognizes revenue by applying the following steps: the contract with the customer is identified; the performance obligations in the contract are identified; the transaction price is determined; the transaction price is allocated to the performance obligations in the contract; and revenue is recognized when (or as) the Company satisfies these performance obligations in an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services. The Company excludes sales taxes and other similar taxes from the measurement of the transaction price.
Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is generated by providing standard For clients that pay in advance for listing subscription services and other paid listingservices, the Company records deferred revenue and recognizes revenue over the applicable subscription term.
The Company offers Weedmaps for Business subscriptions, services,which include access to the Weedmaps marketplace and certain SaaS solutions. As add-ons for additional fees, the Company offers other products, including featured listings, placements, promoted deals, nearby listings, and other display advertising, to its customers. Theseclient relationship management, digital menu, and delivery and logistics services. The Company’s Weedmaps for Business subscriptions generally have one-month terms that automatically renew unless notice of cancellation is provided in advance. The Company has a fixed inventory of featured listing and display advertising in each market, and price is generally determined through a competitive auction process that reflects local market demand. Revenues for these arrangements are recognized over-time, generally during a month-to-month subscription period as the products are provided. The Company rarely needs to allocate the transaction price to separate performance obligations. In the rare case that allocation of the transaction price is needed, the Company recognizes revenue in proportion to the standalone selling prices of the underlying services at contract inception.
Revenue for service contracts that the Company assesses are not probable of collection is not recognized until the contract is completed and payment is received. Collectability is reassessed when there is a significant change in facts or circumstances. The assessment of collectability considers whether the Company may limit its exposure to credit risk through its right to stop transferring additional service in the event the customer is delinquent.
Disaggregation of revenue
Weedmaps for Business and other SaaS subscriptions include the Company's WM Pages subscription package as well as subscriptions to the Company's other SaaS products. The WM Pages subscription package includes access to WM Listings, WM Orders, WM Store, WM Connectors and WM Insights. Additional SaaS subscriptions include WM CRM, WM Dispatch and WM Screens. These subscriptions are typically monthly in nature. Featured and deal listings include the Featured Listings
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and WM Deals products. Other ad solutions include certain advertising products on and off the Weedmaps marketplace, including WM AdSuite. For a description of these solutions, see the "Business and Organization" section.
The following table summarizes the Company’s disaggregated net revenues information (in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31,
20232022
Weedmaps for Business and other SaaS solutions$11,684 $12,737 
Featured and deal listings33,494 41,470 
Subtotal45,178 54,207 
Other ad solutions2,829 3,245 
Total revenues$48,007 $57,452 
Deferred revenue primarily consists of billings or payments received in advance of revenue recognition from subscription offerings, as described above, and is recognized as the revenue recognition criteria are met. Deferred revenue as of December 31, 2021 of $8.1 million was fully recognized in the first quarter of fiscal year 2022, and the deferred revenue balance as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 of $7.9were $6.4 million and $6.3 million, respectively, and the balance is expected to be fully recognized within the next twelve months. The Company generally invoices customers and receives payment on an upfront basis and payments do not include significant financing components or variable consideration and there are generally no rights of return or refunds after the subscription period has passed.
All revenues during the periods presented were recognized over time, as opposed to at a point in time. All revenue has been generated in
The following table summarizes the United States during the periods presented.Company’s U.S. and foreign revenues (in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31,
20232022
U.S. revenues$47,982 $57,436 
Foreign revenues25 16 
Total revenues48,007 57,452 
Cost of RevenueRevenues (Exclusive of Depreciation and Amortization)
The Company’s cost of revenue primarily consists of web hosting, internet service costs, credit card processing costs and inventory costs related to multi-media offerings.
Product Development Costs
Product development costs includesinclude salaries and benefits for employees, including engineering and technical teams who are responsible for building new products, as well as maintaining and improving existing products. Product development costs that do not meet the criteria for capitalization are expensed as incurred.
Advertising
The Company expenses the cost of advertising in the period incurred. Advertising expense totaled $4.9$1.0 million and $3.0$4.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 and 2021,2022, respectively, and are included in sales and marketing expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company measures fair value of employee stock-based compensation awards on the date of grant and allocates the related expense over the requisite service period. The fair value of restricted stock units and performance-based restricted stock units is equal to the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. The fair value of the Class P Units is measured using the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model. The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility and
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
implied volatilities for comparable companies, the expected life of the award is based on the simplified method. When awards include a performance condition that impacts the vesting of the award, the Company records compensation cost when it becomes probable that the performance condition will be met and the expense will be attributed over the performance period.
The Company accounts for nonemployeenon-employee stock-based transactions using the fair value of the consideration received (i.e., the value of the goods or services) or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever is more reliably measurable.
Employee Benefit Plan
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TableThe Company’s 401(k) saving plan is a tax-qualified deferred compensation arrangement under Section 401(k) of Contentsthe Internal Revenue Code. Under the 401(k) Plan, participating U.S. employees may contribute a portion of their eligible earnings, subject to applicable U.S. Internal Revenue Service and plan limits. The Company matches up to 3.5% of the employee’s eligible compensation, vested upon two years of service. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized $0.6 million of expenses in each period related to employer contributions for the 401(k) saving plan.
WM TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESOther Income (Expense)
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Other income (expense) consists primarily of change in fair value of warrant liability and tax receivable agreement liability remeasurement. Other expense, net consists primarily of political contributions, interest expense, financing fees and other tax related expenses.
Income Taxes
The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes under ASC 740 - Income Taxes. Under the guidance, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences of (i) temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basesbasis of existing assets and liabilities and (ii) operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are based on enacted tax rates applicable to the future period when those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period the rate change is enacted. A
The Company assesses whether it is “more-likely-than-not” that it will realize its deferred tax assets. The Company establishes a valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets when available evidence indicates that it is more-likely-than-not that the deferred tax assetsasset will not be realized. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, the Company considers the amounts and timing of expected future deductions or carry forwards and sources of taxable income that may enable utilization. This includes an analysis of the Company’s current financial position, results of operations for the current and prior years and all currently available information about future years. This assessment and estimates require significant management judgment. The Company maintains an existing valuation allowance until enough positive evidence exists to support its reversal. Change in the amount or timing of expected future deductions or taxable income may have a material impact on the level of income tax valuation allowances.
Based on the weight of all available evidence, both positive and negative, the Company determined during the fourth quarter of 2022 that a full valuation allowance was required against its net deferred tax assets. Management assessed the available positive and negative evidence to estimate whether sufficient future taxable income will be generated to permit use of the existing deferred tax assets. Significant pieces of negative evidence evaluated were the book operating loss incurred during the year ended December 31, 2022 and lowered forecasts. Payment under the tax receivable agreement liability was not probable resulting from the full valuation allowance and accordingly, substantially all of the tax receivable agreement liability was reversed. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, tax receivable agreement liability $0.6 million and $0.5 million, respectively.
The tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of the Company’sCompany's annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items, if any, that arise during the period. Each quarter, the Company updates its estimate of its annual effective tax rate, and if the estimated annual effective tax rate changes, the Company makes a cumulative adjustment in such period. The quarterly tax provision, and estimate of the Company’sCompany's annual effective tax rate, is subject to variation due to several factors, including variability in pre-tax income (or loss), revaluations of the warrant liability, changes in flow-through income not subject to tax, valuation allowances and tax law developments.
As a result of the Business Combination, WM Technology, Inc. became the sole managing member of WMH LLC, which is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal and most applicable state and local income tax purposes. As a partnership, WMH LLC is not subject to U.S. federal and certain state and local income taxes. Accordingly, no provision for U.S. federal and state income taxes has been recorded in the financial statements for the period of January 1 to June 16, 2021 as this period was prior to the Business Combination. Any taxable income or loss generated by
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
WMH LLC is passed through to and included in the taxable income or loss of its members, including WM Technology, Inc. following the Business Combination, on a pro rata basis. WM Technology, Inc. is subject to U.S. federal income taxes, in addition to state and local income taxes with respect to its allocable share of any taxable income of WMH LLC following the Business Combination. The Company is also subject to taxes in foreign jurisdictions.
WMH LLC will generally be required from time to time to make pro rata distributions in cash to the Company and the other holders of WMH Units at certain assumed tax rates in amounts that are intended to be sufficient to cover the taxes on the Company’s and the other WMH equity holders’ respective allocable shares of the taxable income of WMH LLC
For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company recorded zero income tax provision due to the impact of the full valuation allowance on its net deferred assets. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $1.71.7 million and for the three months ended March 31, 2021 an income tax provision of $0.2 million was recorded. The income tax benefit for the first quarter of 2022 was the result of the tax benefit of the Company’sCompany's pro rata share of losses and tax credits flowing through from WM Holding LLC. The provision for income taxes during the first quarter of 2021 was the result of an audit performed by the Canada Revenue Agency on prior years income taxes paid by the Company’s subsidiary, WM Canada Holdings, Inc. The effective tax rates differ from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the impact of valuation allowances, warrant valuations, non-controlling interests represented by the portion of the flow-through income not subject to tax, permanent stock-based compensation and state taxes.
During the period ended March 31, 2022, the Company acquired additional interest in WM Holding Company LLC (“LLC Interests”) in connection with the exchange of LLC Interests, and activity relating to its stock compensation plan. The Company recognized a deferred tax asset in the amount of $17.2 million associated with the basis difference in its investment in WM Holding Company LLC upon acquisition of these LLC Interests, some of which are related to the additional tax basis increases generated from expected future payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement (“TRA”), some of which are partially offset by the TRA liability amount of $5.6 million, and these amounts were recorded through equity.
ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. The Company does not believe it has any uncertain income tax positions that are more-likely-than-not to materially affect its condensed consolidated financial statements.
Segment Reporting
The Company and its subsidiaries operate in 1one business segment.
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Basic income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to WM Technology, Inc. by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding during the period.
Diluted income (loss) per share is computed giving effect to all potential weighted-average dilutive shares for the period. The dilutive effect of outstanding awards or financial instruments, if any, is reflected in diluted income (loss) per share by application of the treasury stock method or if-converted method, as applicable. Stock awardsPotential common shares are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS in the event they are antidilutive or subject to performance conditions for which the necessary conditions have not been satisfied by the end of the reporting period. See Note 12 for additional information on dilutive securities.
Prior to the Business Combination, the membership structure of Legacy WMH included units which had profit interests. The Company analyzed the calculation of earnings per unit for periods prior to the Business Combination and determined that it resulted in values that would not be meaningful to the users of these condensed consolidated financial statements. As a result, earnings per share information has not been presented for periods prior to the Business Combination on June 16, 2021.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
The Company’s financial instruments are potentially subject to concentrations of credit risk. The Company places its cash with high quality credit institutions. From time to time, the Company maintains cash balances at certain institutions in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation limit. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had cash balances that exceeded the FDIC limit with four financial institutions. Management believes that the risk of loss is not significant and has not experienced any losses in such accounts.
Recent Accounting PronouncementsReclassifications
In October 2021,Repayments of insurance premium financing in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2021-08”). The amendments in ASU 2021-08 require that an entity recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contracts from Customers (“ASC 606”). At the acquisition date, an acquirer should accountamount of $3.1 million for the related revenue contractsthree months ended March 31, 2022 was previously classified on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows under operating activities. The Company reclassified the repayments to financing activities in accordance with ASC 606 as if it had originated230 - Statement of Cash Flows. There is no impact to the contracts. To achievetotal cash flow activities from this an acquirer may assess how the acquiree applied ASC 606 to determine what to record for the acquired revenue contracts. Generally, this should result in an acquirer recognizing and measuring the acquired contract assets and contract liabilities consistent with how they were recognized and measured in the acquiree’s financial statements (if the acquiree financial statements were prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles). For public business entities, the amendments in ASU 2021-08 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption of ASU 2021-08 is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. An entity that early adopts in an interim period should apply the amendments (1) retrospectively to all business combinations for which the acquisition date occurs on or after the beginning of the fiscal year that includes the interim period of early application and (2) prospectively to all business combinations that occur on or after the date of initial application. The Company adopted this new guidance as of January 1, 2022. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.reclassification.
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(Unaudited)(Unaudited)
3.    Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation
During the ordinary course of the Company’s business, it is subject to various claims and litigation. Management believes that the outcome of such claims or litigation will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flow.

Employee Termination Costs
During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company approved plans to reduce the workforce based on cost-reduction initiatives intended to reduce operating expenses and sharpen the Company’s focus on key growth priorities. The Company also incurred termination costs related to the departures of the Company’s former executives.
The following table provides a roll forward of employee termination costs:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Unpaid employee termination costs, December 31, 2022$3,646 
Employee termination costs - severance and other cash costs465 
Total paid(2,617)
Unpaid employee termination costs, March 31, 2023$1,494 
The unpaid employee termination costs are included in accounts payable and accrued expenses on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Employee termination costs are included in general and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
4.    Fair Value Measurements
The following table presents information about the Company’s liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at March 31, 20222023 and December 31, 2021,2022, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value (in thousands):

LevelMarch 31, 2022December 31, 2021LevelMarch 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Liabilities:Liabilities:Liabilities:
Warrant liability – Public WarrantsWarrant liability – Public Warrants1$27,500 $16,750 Warrant liability – Public Warrants1$875 $1,250 
Warrant liability – Private Placement WarrantsWarrant liability – Private Placement Warrants318,179 10,710 Warrant liability – Private Placement Warrants3490 840 
Total warrant liabilityTotal warrant liability$45,679 $27,460 Total warrant liability$1,365 $2,090 

The following tables summarize the changes in the fair value of the warrant liabilities (in thousands):
Three months ended March 31, 2022Three Months Ended
March 31, 2023
Public WarrantsPrivate Placement WarrantsWarrant LiabilitiesPublic WarrantsPrivate Placement WarrantsWarrant Liabilities
Fair value, beginning of periodFair value, beginning of period$16,750 $10,710 $27,460 Fair value, beginning of period$1,250 $840 $2,090 
Change in valuation inputs or other assumptionsChange in valuation inputs or other assumptions10,750 7,469 18,219 Change in valuation inputs or other assumptions(375)(350)(725)
Fair value, end of periodFair value, end of period$27,500 $18,179 $45,679 Fair value, end of period$875 $490 $1,365 

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022
Public WarrantsPrivate Placement WarrantsWarrant Liabilities
Fair value, beginning of period$16,750 $10,710 $27,460 
Change in valuation inputs or other assumptions10,750 7,469 18,219 
Fair value, end of period$27,500 $18,179 $45,679 

Public Warrants
The Company determined the fair value of the Public Warrants, based on the publicly listed trading price of such warrants as of the valuation date. Accordingly, the Public Warrants are classified as Level 1 financial instruments. The fair value of the Public Warrants was $27.5$0.9 million and $16.8$1.3 million as of March 31, 20222023 and December 31, 2021,2022, respectively.

Private Placement Warrants
The estimated fair value of the Private Placement Warrants is determined with Level 3 inputs using the Black-Scholes model. The significant inputs and assumptions in this method are the stock price, exercise price, volatility, risk-free rate, and term or maturity. The underlying stock price input is the closing stock price as of each valuation date and the exercise price is the price as stated in the warrant agreement. The volatility input was determined using the historical volatility of comparable publicly traded companies which operate in a similar industry or compete directly against the Company. Volatility for each comparable publicly traded company is calculated as the annualized standard deviation of daily continuously compounded returns. The Black-Scholes analysis is performed in a risk-neutral framework, which requires a risk-free rate assumption based upon constant-maturity treasury yields, which are interpolated based on the remaining term of the Private Placement Warrants as of each valuation date. The term/maturity is the duration between each valuation date and the maturity date, which is five years following the date the Business Combination closed, or June 16, 2026.
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
The following table provides quantitative information regarding Level 3 fair value measurements inputs at their measurement dates:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Exercise price$11.50 $11.50 
Stock price$7.82 $5.98 
Volatility53.0 %52.4 %
Term (years)4.214.46
Risk-free interest rate2.43 %1.18 %

March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Exercise price$11.50 $11.50 
Stock price$0.85 $1.01 
Volatility82.6 %82.3 %
Term (years)3.213.46
Risk-free interest rate3.79 %4.17 %
Significant changes in the volatility would result in a significant lower or higher fair value measurement, respectively.
The fair value of the Private Placement Warrants was $18.2$0.5 million and $10.7$0.8 million as of March 31, 20222023 and December 31, 2021,2022, respectively.
The Warrants were accounted for as liabilities in accordance with ASC 815-815 - Derivatives and Hedging and are presented within warrant liability on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The warrant liabilities are measured at fair value at inception and on a recurring basis, with changes in fair value presented within change in fair value of warrant liability in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
There were no transfers in or out of Level 3 from other levels in the fair value hierarchy.
5.     Business Combination
As previously discussed in Note 1, on June 16, 2021, the Company consummated the Business Combination pursuant to the Merger Agreement.
In connection with the Closing, the following occurred:
Silver Spike was domesticated and continues as a Delaware corporation, changing its name to “WM Technology, Inc.”
The Company was reorganized into an Up-C structure, in which substantially all of the assets and business of the Company are held by WMH LLC and continue to operate through WMH LLC and its subsidiaries, and WM Technology, Inc.’s material assets are the equity interests of WMH LLC indirectly held by it.
The Company consummated the sale of 32,500,000 shares of Class A Common Stock for a purchase price of $10.00 per share (together, the “PIPE Financing”) pursuant to certain subscription agreements dated as of December 10, 2020, for an aggregate price of $325.0 million.
The Company contributed approximately $80.3 million of cash to WMH LLC, representing (a) the net amount held in the Company’s trust account following the redemption of 10,012 shares of Class A Common Stock originally sold in the Silver Spike’s initial public offering, less (b) cash consideration of $455.2 million paid to Legacy WMH Class A equity holders, plus (c) $325.0 million in aggregate proceeds from the PIPE Financing, less (d) the aggregate amount of transaction expenses incurred by the parties to the Business Combination Agreement.
The Company transferred $455.2 million to the Legacy WMH equity holders as cash consideration.
The Legacy WMH equity holders retained an aggregate of 65,502,347 Class A Units and 25,896,042 Class P Units.
The Company issued 65,502,347 shares of Class V Common Stock to Class A Unit holders, representing the same number of Class A Units retained by the Legacy WMH equity holders.
The Company, the Holder Representative and the Class A Unit holders entered into the Tax Receivable Agreement, pursuant to which WM Technology, Inc. will pay to WMH LLC Class A equity holders 85% of the net income tax savings that WM Technology, Inc. actually realizes as a result of increases in the tax basis of WMH LLC’s assets as a result of the exchange of Units for cash in the Business Combination and future exchanges of the Class A Units for shares of Class A Common Stock or cash pursuant to the Exchange Agreement, and certain other tax attributes of WMH LLC and tax benefits related to the Tax Receivable Agreement, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement.
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Concurrently with the closing of the Business Combination, the Unit holders entered into the Exchange Agreement. The terms of the Exchange Agreement, among other things, provide the Unit holders (or certain permitted transferees thereof) with the right from time to time at and after 180 days following the Business Combination to exchange their vested Paired Interests for shares of Class A Common Stock on a one-for-1 basis, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends and reclassifications, or Class P Units for shares of Class A Common Stock with a value equal to the value of such Class P Units less their participation threshold, or in each case, at the Company’s election, the cash equivalent of such shares of Class A Common Stock.
6.     Acquisitions
Eyechronic

On January 14, 2022, the Company acquired all the equity interests of Eyechronic LLC (“Eyechronic”) d/b/a Enlighten and rebranded as WM Screens, a Delaware limited liability company and a provider of software, digital signage services and multi-media offerings to dispensaries and brands, for total consideration of approximately $29.4 million. The Company
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
accounted for the Eyechronic acquisition as an acquisition of a business under ASC 805.
805,
Business Combinations
(“ASC 805”). The acquired assets and liabilities of Eyechronic were recorded at their preliminary acquisition date fair values. The purchase price allocations are subject to change as the Company continues to gather information relevant to its determination of the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired primarily related to, but not limited to, intangible assets. Any adjustments to the purchase price allocations will be made as soon as practicable but no later than one year from the acquisition date.

The following table summarizes the components of consideration and the preliminary estimated fair value of assets acquired (in thousands):
Consideration Transferred:
Cash consideration (1)
$697 
Share consideration (2)
28,725 
  Total consideration$29,422 
____________________________________
(1)Includes $0.2 million settlement of pre-existing accounts payable with sellerEyechronic and holdback of $0.1 million recorded within other current liabilities on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(2)The fair value of share consideration was calculated based on 5,399,553 shares of Class A common stock multiplied by the share price on the closing date of $5.32. This includes 677,847 of holdback shares to be issued subject to customary indemnification obligations.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Estimated Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed:
Assets acquired:
Cash$118 
Accounts receivable835 
Other current assets37 
Fixed assets2,826 
Software technology1,877825 
Trade name109103 
Customer relationships3,7793,631 
Order Backlog210 
Goodwill20,42723,073 
Total assets acquired30,00831,658 
Liabilities assumed:
Accounts payable$(460)
Other current liabilities(8)
Deferred revenue(96)
Other liabilities(22)
Long-term liabilities(1,650)
Total liabilities assumed(586)(2,236)
Total net assets acquired$29,422 

During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company incurred transaction expenses associated with the Eyechronic acquisition of $0.1 million, which is included in general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The revenue and operating loss from Eyechronic included the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations for the period from January 14, 2022 (acquisition date) through March 31, 2022 were $0.8 million and $0.4 million respectively. Pro forma revenue and earnings amounts on a combined basis have not been presented as they are not material to the Company’s historical pre-acquisition financial statements.

For acquisitions, the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is primarily attributable to the expected synergies from combining operations. Goodwill recognized was allocated to the Company’s one operating segment and is generally deductible for tax purposes.

The fair values of the trade name and software technology intangible assets are determined using an “income approach”, specifically, the relief-from royalty approach, which is a commonly accepted valuation approach. This approach is based on the assumption that in lieu of ownership, a firm would be willing to pay a royalty in order to exploit the related benefits of this asset.these assets. Owning thatthese intangible assetassets means that the underlying entity wouldn’t have to pay for the privilege of deploying that asset.those assets. Therefore, a portion of the acquired entity’s earnings, equal to the after-tax royalty that would have been paid for
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(Unaudited)
the use of the asset,assets, can be attributed to the firm’s ownership. The fair valuevalues of the software technology intangible asset wascustomer relationships and customer backlog assets were also determined using an “income approach”, specifically a multi-period excess earnings approach, which is a commonly accepted valuation approach. Under this approach, the net earnings attributable to the asset or liability being measured are isolated using the discounted projected net cash flows. These projected cash flows are isolated from the projected cash flows of the combined asset group over the remaining economic life of the intangible asset or liability being measured. Both the amount and the duration of the cash flows are considered from a market participant perspective. Where appropriate, the net cash flows were adjusted to reflect the potential attrition of existing customers in the future, as existing customers are a “wasting” asset and are expected to decline over time. The fair value
6.     Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consisted of the customer relationships are determined using an “income approach”, specifically,following as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):
March 31, 2023
Weighted Average Amortization Period (Years)Gross Intangible AssetsAccumulated AmortizationNet Intangible Assets
Trade and domain names14.4$7,635 $(4,851)$2,784 
Software technology6.97,516 (4,619)2,897 
Customer relationships11.55,211 (1,108)4,103 
Order backlog1.0210 (210)— 
Total intangible assets10.8$20,572 $(10,788)$9,784 
December 31, 2022
Weighted Average Amortization Period (Years)Gross Intangible AssetsAccumulated AmortizationNet Intangible Assets
Trade and domain names14.4$7,635 $(4,699)$2,936 
Software technology6.97,516 (4,413)3,103 
Customer relationships11.55,211 (921)4,290 
Order backlog1.0210 (200)10 
Total intangible assets10.8$20,572 $(10,233)$10,339 

Amortization expense for intangible assets was $0.6 million for the With-and-Without method, whichthree months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
The estimated future amortization expense of intangible assets as of March 31, 2023 is a commonly accepted valuation approach. This method estimates the value of customer-related assets by quantifying the impact on cash flows under a scenario in which the customer-related assets must be replaced and assumingas follows (in thousands):

Remaining period in 2023 (nine months)$1,614 
Year ended December 31, 20241,927 
Year ended December 31, 20251,593 
Year ended December 31, 20261,346 
Year ended December 31, 2027754 
Thereafter2,550 
$9,784 
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(Unaudited)
all of the existing assets are in place except the customer-related assets. Essentially, it estimates the intangible asset’s value by calculating the difference between the two discounted cash-flow models. One that represents the status quo for the business enterprise with the asset in place and the second that represents the business enterprise with everything in place besides the customer-related asset. The projected cash flow period is the time-period it takes to build back up to that status quo. The difference between the two cash flows represents the calculated value of the customer-related asset.
Sprout

(
Unaudited)
On September 3, 2021, the Company acquired certain assets of the Sprout business (“Sprout"), a leading, cloud-based customer relationship management (“CRM”) and marketing platform for the cannabis industry, for total consideration of approximately $31.2 million. The Company accounted for the Sprout acquisition as an acquisition of a business under ASC 805- Business Combinations.

The acquired assets of Sprout were recorded at their preliminary acquisition date fair values. The purchase price allocations are subject to change as the Company continues to gather information relevant to its determination of the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired primarily related to, but not limited to, intangible assets. Any adjustments to the purchase price allocations will be made as soon as practicable but no later than one year from the acquisition date.
The following table summarizes the components of consideration and the preliminary estimated fair value of assets acquired (in thousands):
Consideration Transferred:
Cash consideration$12,000 
Share consideration(1)
19,186 
  Total consideration$31,186 
Estimated Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed:
Assets acquired:
Software technology$2,973 
Trade name217 
Customer relationships1,410 
Goodwill26,686 
Total assets acquired31,286 
Liabilities assumed:
Other current liabilities(100)
Total net assets acquired$31,186 

(1)The fair value of share consideration issued in connection with the Spout acquisition was calculated based on 1,244,258 shares of Class A common stock issued multiplied by the share price on the closing date of $15.42.

The revenue and operating loss from Sprout included the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 were not material. Pro forma revenue and earnings amounts on a combined basis have not been presented as they are not material to the Company’s historical pre-acquisition financial statements.

For acquisitions, the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is primarily attributable to the expected synergies from combining operations. Goodwill recognized was allocated to the Company’s 1 operating segment and is generally deductible for tax purposes.
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(Unaudited)
Transport Logistics Holding

On September 29, 2021, the Company acquired all of the equity interests of Transport Logistics Holding Company, LLC (“TLH”), a logistics platform that enables the compliant delivery of cannabis, for total consideration of approximately $15.1 million. The Company accounted for the TLH acquisition as an acquisition of a business under ASC 805- Business Combinations.

The acquired assets of TLH were recorded at their preliminary acquisition date fair values. The purchase price allocations are subject to change as the Company continues to gather information relevant to its determination of the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired primarily related to, but not limited to, intangible assets. Any adjustments to the purchase price allocations will be made as soon as practicable but no later than one year from the acquisition date.

The following table summarizes the components of consideration and the preliminary estimated fair value of assets acquired (in thousands):
Consideration Transferred:
Cash consideration (1)
$5,000 
Share consideration(2)
10,126 
  Total consideration$15,126 
Estimated Assets Acquired:
Software technology$249 
Trade name59 
Customer relationships170 
Goodwill14,648 
Total asset acquired$15,126 

(1)Includes holdback of $1.0 million recorded within other current liabilities on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(2)The fair value of share consideration issued in connection with the TLH acquisition was calculated based on 694,540 shares of Class A common stock issued multiplied by the share price on the closing date of $14.58.

The revenue and operating loss from TLH included the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 were not material. Pro forma revenue and earnings amounts on a combined basis have not been presented as they are not material to the Company’s historical pre-acquisition financial statements.

For acquisitions, the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is primarily attributable to the expected synergies from combining operations. Goodwill recognized was allocated to the Company’s 1 operating segment and is generally deductible for tax purposes.

The fair values of the trade name intangible assets are determined using an “income approach”, specifically, the relief-from royalty approach, which is a commonly accepted valuation approach. This approach is based on the assumption that in lieu of ownership, a firm would be willing to pay a royalty in order to exploit the related benefits of this asset. Owning that intangible asset means that the underlying entity wouldn’t have to pay for the privilege of deploying that asset. Therefore, a portion of the acquired entity’s earnings, equal to the after-tax royalty that would have been paid for the use of the asset, can be attributed to the firm’s ownership. The fair value of the software technology intangible asset was also determined using an “income approach”, specifically a multi-period excess earnings approach, which is a commonly accepted valuation approach. Under this approach, the net earnings attributable to the asset or liability being measured are isolated using the discounted projected net cash flows. These projected cash flows are isolated from the projected cash flows of the combined asset group over the remaining economic life of the intangible asset or liability being measured. Both the amount and the duration of the cash flows are considered from a market participant perspective. Where appropriate, the net cash flows were adjusted to reflect the potential attrition of existing customers in the future, as existing customers are a “wasting” asset and are expected to decline
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over time. The fair value of the customer relationships are determined using an “income approach”, specifically, the With-and-Without method, which is a commonly accepted valuation approach. This method estimates the value of customer-related assets by quantifying the impact on cash flows under a scenario in which the customer-related assets must be replaced and assuming all of the existing assets are in place except the customer-related assets. Essentially, it estimates the intangible asset’s value by calculating the difference between the two discounted cash-flow models. One that represents the status quo for the business enterprise with the asset in place and the second that represents the business enterprise with everything in place besides the customer-related asset. The projected cash flow period is the time-period it takes to build back up to that status quo. The difference between the two cash flows represents the calculated value of the customer-related asset.
7.     GoodwillPrepaid Expenses and IntangibleOther Current Assets

A summary of changes in goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2022 is as follows (in thousands):
Goodwill
Balance at December 31, 2021$45,295 
Acquisition of Eyechronic20,427 
Balance at March 31, 2022$65,722 

Intangible assets consisted of the following as of March 31, 2022Prepaid expenses and December 31, 2021 (in thousands):
March 31, 2022
Weighted Average Amortization Period (Years)Gross Intangible AssetsAccumulated AmortizationNet Intangible Assets
Trade and domain names14.4$7,641 $(4,239)$3,402 
Software technology6.78,568 (3,487)5,081 
Customer relationships6.75,359 (354)5,005 
Total intangible assets9.4$21,568 $(8,080)$13,488 
December 31, 2021
Weighted Average Amortization Period (Years)Gross Intangible AssetsAccumulated AmortizationNet Intangible Assets
Trade and domain names14.3$7,532 $(4,081)$3,451 
Software technology7.76,691 (3,222)3,469 
Customer relationships3.41,580 (201)1,379 
Total intangible assets10.4$15,803 $(7,504)$8,299 

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(Unaudited)
Amortization expense for intangible assets was $0.6 million and $0.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The estimated future amortization expense of intangibleother current assets as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 is as followsconsisted of the following (in thousands):
March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Prepaid insurance$1,553 $2,869 
Prepaid marketing1,818 2,321 
Prepaid software2,145 2,762 
Other prepaid expenses and other current assets1,350 1,010 
$6,866 $8,962 

Remaining period in 2022 (nine months)$2,418 
Year ended December 31, 20232,599 
Year ended December 31, 20242,365 
Year ended December 31, 20252,034 
Year ended December 31, 20261,787 
Thereafter2,285 
$13,488 
The Company capitalizes implementation costs incurred in cloud computing arrangements that are service contracts if they meet certain requirements. Those requirements are similar to the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop internal-use software. Amortization is computed using the straight-line method over the term of the associated hosting arrangement. These implementation costs are classified on the balance sheet in prepaid and other current assets, and the related cash flows are presented as cash outflows from operations. Impairment is recognized and measured when it is no longer probable that the computer software project will be completed and placed in service.
8.     Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses
Accounts payable and accrued liabilitiesexpenses as of March 31, 20222023 and December 31, 20212022 consisted of the following (in thousands):
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Accounts payableAccounts payable$6,378 $4,298 Accounts payable$2,731 $4,341 
Accrued employee expensesAccrued employee expenses9,965 10,088 Accrued employee expenses19,047 24,074 
Other accrued liabilitiesOther accrued liabilities6,012 8,769 Other accrued liabilities4,392 5,220 
$22,355 $23,155 $26,170 $33,635 

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, accrued employee expenses included unpaid employee termination cost of $1.5 million and $3.6 million, respectively. See Note 3 for additional information. Accrued employee expenses also included accrued bonuses of $11.0 million and $9.9 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, related to certain employment agreements entered into in connection with prior acquisitions.
9.     Warrant Liability
At March 31, 2022,2023, there were 12,499,973 Public Warrants outstanding and 7,000,000 Private Placement Warrants outstanding.
As part of Silver Spike’s initial public offering, 12,500,000 Public Warrants were sold. The Public Warrants entitle the holder thereof to purchase 1one share of Class A Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustments. The Public Warrants may be exercised only for a whole number of shares of Class A Common Stock. No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the warrants. The Public Warrants will expire at 5:00 p.m. New York City time on June 16, 2026, or earlier upon redemption or liquidation. The Public Warrants are listed on the NYSE under the symbol “MAPSW.”
The Company may redeem the Public Warrants starting July 16, 2021, in whole and not in part, at a price of $0.01 per Public Warrant, upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption to each holder of Public Warrants, and if, and only if, the reported last sales price of the Company’s Class A Common Stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for share splits, share dividends, rights issuances, subdivisions, reorganizations, recapitalization and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date the Company sends the notice of redemption to the holders of Public Warrants.
Simultaneously with Silver Spike’s initial public offering, Silver Spike consummated a private placement of 7,000,000 Private Placement Warrants with Silver Spike’s sponsor (“Silver Spike Sponsor”). Each Private Placement Warrant is
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exercisable for 1one share of Class A Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment. The Private Placement Warrants (including the shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Private Placement Warrants) are not transferable, assignable or salable until 30 days after the completion of the Business Combination, subject to certain exceptions, and they are nonredeemable as long as they are held by Silver Spike Sponsor or its permitted transferees. Silver Spike Sponsor, as well as its permitted transferees, has the option to exercise the Private Placement Warrants on a cashless basis and will have certain registration rights related to such Private Placement Warrants. Otherwise, the Private Placement Warrants have terms and provisions that are identical to those of the Public Warrants. If the Private Placement Warrants are held by holders other than Silver Spike Sponsor or its permitted transferees, the Private Placement Warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by the holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants.
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The Company may exercise its redemption right even if it is unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws.
If the Company calls the Public Warrants for redemption, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the Public Warrants to do so on a “cashless basis,” as described in the warrant agreement. The exercise price and number of Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Public Warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a share dividend, extraordinary dividend or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the Public Warrants will not be adjusted for issuances of shares of Class A Common Stock at a price below its exercise price. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the Public Warrants.
The Private Placement Warrants are identical to the Public Warrants underlying the units sold in the initial public offering, except that the Private Placement Warrants and the Class A Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of the Private Placement Warrants were not transferable, assignable or salable until 30 days after the completion of the Business Combination, subject to certain limited exceptions. Additionally, the Private Placement Warrants will be exercisable on a cashless basis and be non-redeemable so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. If the Private Placement Warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the Private Placement Warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants.
The Company concluded the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants, or the Warrants, meet the definition of a derivative under ASC 815- Derivatives and Hedging (as described in Note 2) and are recorded as liabilities. Upon the Closing, the fair value of the Warrants was recorded on the balance sheet. The fair value of the Warrants wasare remeasured as of March 31, 2022, resultingeach balance sheet date, which resulted in a non-cash gain of $0.7 million and non-cash loss of $18.2 million inon the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022.2023 and 2022, respectively.
10.     Equity

Class A Common Stock

Voting Rights

Each holder of the shares of Class A Common Stock is entitled to 1one vote for each share of Class A Common Stock held of record by such holder on all matters on which stockholders generally are entitled to vote. The holders of the shares of Class A Common Stock do not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. Generally, all matters to be voted on by stockholders must be approved by a majority (or, in the case of election of directors, by a plurality) of the votes entitled to be cast by all stockholders present in person or represented by proxy, voting together as a single class. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the holders of the outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock are entitled to vote separately upon any amendment to the Company’s certificate of incorporation (including by merger, consolidation, reorganization or similar event) that would alter or change the powers, preferences or special rights of such class of common stock in a manner that is disproportionately adverse as compared to the Class V Common Stock.

Dividend Rights

Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding preferred stock, the holders of shares of Class A Common Stock are entitled to receive ratably such dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by the Company’s board of directors out of funds legally available therefor.

Rights upon Liquidation, Dissolution and Winding-Up

In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs, the holders of the shares of Class A Common Stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after payment of the Company’s debts and other
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liabilities, subject to prior distribution rights of preferred stock or any class or series of stock having a preference over the shares of Class A Common Stock, then outstanding, if any.

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Preemptive or Other Rights

The holders of shares of Class A Common Stock have no preemptive or conversion rights or other subscription rights. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the shares of Class A Common Stock. The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of shares of Class A Common Stock will be subject to those of the holders of any shares of the preferred stock that the Company may issue in the future.

Class V Common Stock

Voting Rights

Each holder of the shares of Class V Common Stock is entitled to 1one vote for each share of Class V Common Stock held of record by such holder on all matters on which stockholders generally are entitled to vote. The holders of shares of Class V Common Stock do not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. Generally, all matters to be voted on by stockholders must be approved by a majority (or, in the case of election of directors, by a plurality) of the votes entitled to be cast by all stockholders present in person or represented by proxy, voting together as a single class. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the holders of the outstanding shares of Class V Common Stock are entitled to vote separately upon any amendment to the Company’s certificate of incorporation (including by merger, consolidation, reorganization or similar event) that would alter or change the powers, preferences or special rights of such class of common stock in a manner that is disproportionately adverse as compared to the Class A Common Stock.

Dividend Rights

The holders of the Class V Common Stock will not participate in any dividends declared by the Company’s board of directors.

Rights upon Liquidation, Dissolution and Winding-Up

In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs, the holders of Class V Common Stock are not entitled to receive any of the Company’s assets.

Preemptive or Other Rights

The holders of shares of Class V Common Stock do not have preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights. There will be no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the Class V Common Stock.

Issuance and Retirement of Class V Common Stock

In the event that any outstanding share of Class V Common Stock ceases to be held directly or indirectly by a holder of Class A Units, such share will automatically be transferred to us for no consideration and thereupon will be retired. The Company will not issue additional shares of Class V Common Stock other than in connection with the valid issuance or transfer of Units in accordance with the governing documents of WMH LLC.

Preferred Stock

Pursuant to the amended and restated certificate of incorporation in effect as of June 15, 2021, the Company was authorized to issue 75,000,000 shares of preferred stock with such designations, voting and other rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Company’s board of directors. As of March 31, 2022,2023, there were no shares of preferred stock issued or outstanding.

Noncontrolling Interests

The noncontrolling interest represents the Units held by holders other than the Company. As of March 31, 2022,2023, the noncontrolling interests owned 46.3%38.1% of the Units outstanding. The noncontrolling interests’ ownership percentage can fluctuate over time, including as the WMH LLC equity holders elect to exchange Units for Class A Common Stock. The
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Company has consolidated the financial position and results of operations of WMH LLC and reflected the proportionate interest held by the WMH LLC Unit equity holders as noncontrolling interests.
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11.     Stock-based Compensation

WM Holding Company, LLC Equity Incentive Plan
The Company has accounted for the issuance of Class A-3 and Class B Units issued under WM Holding Company, LLC’s Equity Incentive Plan in accordance with ASC 718 - Stock Based Compensation. The Company considers the limitation on the exercisability of the Class A-3 and Class B Units to be a performance condition and records compensation cost when it becomes probable that the performance condition will be met.
In connection with the Business Combination, each of the Class A-3 Units outstanding prior to the Business Combination were cancelled, and the holder thereof received a number of Class A units representing limited liability company interests of WMH LLC (the “Class A Units”) and an equivalent number of shares of Class V Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (together with the Class A Units, the “Paired Interests”), and each of the Class B Units outstanding prior to the Business Combination were cancelled and holders thereof received a number of Class P units representing limited liability company interests of WMH LLC (the “Class P Units” and together with the Class A Units, the “Units”), each in accordance with the Merger Agreement.
Concurrently with the closing of the Business Combination, the Unit holders entered into an exchange agreement (the “Exchange Agreement”). The terms of the Exchange Agreement, among other things, provide the Unit holders (or certain permitted transferees thereof) with the right from time to time at and after 180 days following the Business Combination to exchange their vested Paired Interests for shares of Class A Common Stock on a one-for-1one-for-one basis, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends and reclassifications, or Class P Units for shares of Class A Common Stock with a value equal to the value of such Class P Units less their participation threshold, or in each case, at the Company’s election, the cash equivalent of such shares of Class A Common Stock.
A summary of the Class P Unit activity for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 is as follows:

Number of Units
Outstanding Class P Units, December 31, 2021202225,660,52915,125,429 
Cancellations(27,891)(25,567)
Exchanged for Class A Common Stock(9,383,608)(75,000)
Outstanding, Class P Units, March 31, 2022202316,249,03015,024,862 
Vested, March 31, 2022202314,702,57514,791,675
As of March 31, 2022,2023, unrecognized stock-based compensation expense for non-vested Class P Units was $3.5$0.6 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.91.5 years. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense for the Class P Units of $0.3 million and $0.7 million.million, respectively.
WM Technology, Inc. Equity Incentive Plan
In connection with the Business Combination, the Company adopted the WM Technology, Inc. 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”). The 2021 Plan permits the granting of incentive stock options to employees and for the grant of nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, performance awards and other forms of stock awards to employees, directors and consultants. As of March 31, 2022, 25,768,9712023, 33,146,412 shares of Class A Common Stock are authorized for issuance pursuant to awards under the 2021 Plan. The number of shares of Class A Common stock reserved for issuance under the 2021 Plan will automatically increase on January 1 of each year for a period of ten years commencing on January 1, 2022 and ending on (and including) January 1, 2031, in an amount equal to five percent (5%) of the total number of shares of the Company’s capital stock outstanding on December 31 of the preceding year; provided, however that the Board may act prior to January 1st of a given year to provide that the increase for such year will be a lesser number of shares of Common Stock. As of March 31, 2022, 12,213,2112023, 22,446,927 shares of Class A Common Stock are available for future issuance.
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(Unaudited)(Unaudited)
A summary of the restricted stock unit (“RSU”) activity for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 is as follows:
Number of RSUsWeighted-average Grant Date Fair ValueNumber of RSUsWeighted-average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at December 31, 20215,829,881 $10.91 
Non-vested at December 31, 2022Non-vested at December 31, 20226,269,868 $7.07 
GrantedGranted5,062,234$5.80 Granted573,553$1.04 
VestedVested(319,588)$9.06 Vested(478,097)$8.14 
ForfeitedForfeited(342,681)$12.78 Forfeited(455,860)$8.36 
Non-vested at March 31, 202210,229,846$8.38 
Non-vested at March 31, 2023Non-vested at March 31, 20235,909,464$6.30 
As of March 31, 2022,2023, unrecognized stock-based compensation expense for non-vested RSUs was $80.1$34.2 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.32.4 years. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense for the RSUs of $4.0 million and $5.0 million.million, respectively.
On January 5, 2023, the compensation committee of the Company’s board of directors granted the Company’s Executive Chair, Douglas Francis, an award of 481,927 RSU with an approximate value of $800,000, based on the average closing price of the Company’s Class A common stock for the 90-day period prior to the grant date (the “RSU Grant”), in recognition of his leadership of the Company’s executive team since August 2022. The shares subject to the RSU Grant will vest in two equal quarterly increments on May 15, 2023 and August 15, 2023, subject to Mr. Francis’ continuous service (as defined in the 2021 Plan (as defined above) or award agreement) on each such vesting date. On May 8, 2023, Mr. Francis declined the RSU Grant and the RSUs were forfeited.
The Company grants performance-based restricted stock units (“PRSUs”) with performance and service-based vesting conditions. The level of achievement of such goals may cause the actual number of units that ultimately vest to range from 0% to 200% of the original units granted. The Company recognizes expense ratably over the vesting period for the PRSUs when it is probable that the performance criteria specified will be achieved. The fair value is equal to the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.
A summary of the PRSU activity forNo activities occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2022 is2023 related to the PRSUs. The number of non-vested PRSUs as follows:
Number of PRSUsWeighted-average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at December 31, 20212,437,500 $6.40 
Granted— $— 
Vested— $— 
Forfeited— $— 
Non-vested at March 31, 20222,437,500$6.40 
As of March 31, 2022,2023 was 859,375 and weighted average grant date fair value was $6.40.
Based on the probability of attainment as of March 31, 2023, the unrecognized stock-based compensation expense for non-vested PRSUs was $13.3$0.3 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.80.8 years. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense for the PRSUs of $0.1 million and $1.9 million.million, respectively.
The Company recorded stock-based compensation cost related to the Class P Units, RSUs and PRSUs in the following expense categories on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022
Sales and marketing$1,811 
Product development1,412 
General and administrative4,294 
Total stock-based compensation expense7,517 
Amount capitalized to software development410 
Total stock-based compensation cost$7,927 
Three Months Ended March 31,
20232022
Sales and marketing$897 $1,811 
Product development1,168 1,412 
General and administrative2,318 4,294 
Total stock-based compensation expense4,383 7,517 
Amount capitalized to software development298 410 
Total stock-based compensation cost$4,681 $7,927 
12.     Earnings Per Share
Basic income (loss) per share of Class A Common Stock is computed by dividing net earnings (loss) attributable to WM Technology, Inc. by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding during the period. Diluted income (loss) per share of Class A Common Stock adjusts basic net income (loss) per share of Class A Common Stock for the potentially dilutive impact of securities. For warrants that are liability-classified, during periods when the impact is dilutive, the
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(Unaudited)(Unaudited)
dilutive, the Company assumes share settlement of the instruments as of the beginning of the reporting period and adjusts the numerator to remove the change in fair value of the warrant liability, net of the portion attributable to non-controlling interests, and adjusts the denominator to include the dilutive shares calculated using the treasury stock method.
Prior to the Business Combination, the membership structure of WMH included units which had profit interests. The Company analyzed the calculation of net earnings (loss) per unit for periods prior to the Business Combination and determined that it resulted in values that would not be meaningful to the users of these condensed consolidated financial statements. Therefore, net earnings per share information has not been presented for periods prior to the Business Combination on June 16, 2021.
The computation of loss per share attributable to WM Technology, Inc. and weighted-average shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock outstanding are as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (amounts in thousands, except for share and per share amounts):
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Numerator:
Net loss$(31,233)
Less: net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(17,340)
Net loss attributable to WM Technology, Inc. - basic and diluted$(13,893)
Denominator:
Weighted average Class A Common Stock outstanding - basic and diluted72,450,204
Net loss per share of Class A Common Stock:
Net loss per share of Class A Common Stock - basic and diluted$(0.19)

Three Months Ended March 31,
20232022
Numerator:
Net loss$(3,969)$(31,233)
Less: net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(1,494)(17,340)
Net loss attributable to WM Technology, Inc. Class A Common Stock - basic and diluted$(2,475)$(13,893)
Denominator:
Weighted average of shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding - basic and diluted92,323,75772,450,204
Net loss per share of Class A Common Stock - basic and diluted$(0.03)$(0.19)
Shares of the Class V Common Stock do not participate in the earnings or losses of the Company and are therefore not participating securities. As such, separate presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share of Class V Common Stock under the two-class method has not been presented.
The Company excluded the following securities from its computation of diluted shares outstanding for the periods presented, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Class A Units61,206,773 
Class P Units16,249,030 
RSUs10,229,846 
PRSUs2,437,500 
Public Warrants12,499,973 
Private Warrants7,000,000 
Acquisition holdback shares677,847 
Three Months Ended March 31,
20232022
Class A Units55,486,361 61,206,773 
Class P Units15,024,862 16,249,030 
RSUs5,909,464 10,229,846 
PRSUs859,375 2,437,500 
Public Warrants12,499,973 12,499,973 
Private Placement Warrants7,000,000 7,000,000 
Acquisition holdback shares677,847 677,847 
13.     Related Party Transactions
During the second quarter of 2022, the Company entered into a sublease agreement with an affiliate to a member of the board of directors. The sublease commenced on June 1, 2022, and the term is for the remainder of the original lease and will expire on February 28, 2025, or sooner in the event that the original lease is cancelled prior to the expiration date. The monthly base rent, after the rent abatement period for the first four months, is $69,000. As of March 31, 2023, the security deposit for the sublease of approximately $0.1 million is included in other long-term liabilities on the accompanying condensed balance sheets. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, rent receivable was $0.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively, and these amounts are included in accounts receivable, net on the accompanying condensed balance sheets. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, income on the sublease with related party were $0.2 million and this amount is netted with rent expense and included in general and administrative expenses on the accompanying condensed statements of operations.
In connection with the Business Combination, the Company paid certain transaction costs reimbursable by Silver Spike’s sponsor (“Silver Spike Sponsor”), an affiliate to a member of the board of directors. On March 16, 2023, Silver Spike Holdings, an affiliate of Silver Spike Sponsor, entered into a promissory note with the Company and agreed to pay the principal amount in
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WM TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
12 equal quarterly installments commencing on March 31, 2023. The promissory note will bear interest at a rate of 5% per annum commencing on March 31, 2023. In an event of default, the outstanding principal amount shall bear interest for the entire period during which the principal balance is unpaid at a rate which is equal to 10% per annum. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the outstanding balance of the note receivable was $1.0 million and $1.1 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, $0.4 million of the note receivable was included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and the other $0.6 million was included in other assets on the accompanying condensed balance sheets. As of December 31, 2022, $1.1 million of related party note receivable was included in other assets on the accompanying condensed balance sheets.
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Item 2.    Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes to those statements included in Item 1 “Financial Statements” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In addition to historical financial information, the following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Our actual results and timing of selected events may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including those discussed under “Risk Factors” and included elsewhere herein and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.2022.
Overview

On June 16, 2021, WM Holding Company, LLC (when referred to in its pre-Business Combination capacity, “Legacy WMH” and following the Business Combination, “WMH LLC”) completed its previously announced business combination (the “Business Combination”) with Silver Spike Acquisition Corp (“Silver Spike”). Legacy WMH was deemed to be the accounting acquirer under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). In connection with the closing, Silver Spike changed its name to WM Technology, Inc. As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, unless the context requires otherwise, references to the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our,” and similar references refer to WM Technology, Inc, and its subsidiaries following the Business Combination and to Legacy WMH prior to the Business Combination.
Founded in 2008, and headquartered in Irvine, California, WM Technology, Inc. is oneoperates a leading online cannabis marketplace for consumers together with a comprehensive set of the oldesteCommerce and largest marketplacecompliance software solutions for cannabis businesses, which are sold to both storefront locations and technology solutions providers exclusively servicing the cannabis industry, primarily consumers, retailersdelivery operators (“retailers”) and brands in the United States state-legalU.S. states, U.S. territories and Canadian legalized cannabis markets. Our comprehensive business-to-consumer (“B2C”) and business-to-business (“B2B”) suite of products afford cannabis retailers and brands of all sizes integrated tools to compliantly run their businesses and to reach, convert, and retain consumers.
Our business primarily consists of our commerce-driven marketplace Weedmaps,(“Weedmaps”), and our monthly subscriptionfully integrated suite of end-to-end Software-as-a-Service (“SaaS”) solutions software offering WM Business. Our(“Weedmaps for Business”). The Weedmaps marketplace provides information on the cannabis plant and the industry and advocates for legalization. The Weedmaps marketplace provides consumers with information regarding cannabis retailers and brands, as well asbrands. In addition, the Weedmaps marketplace aggregates data from a variety of sources including retailer point-of-sale solutions to provide consumers with the ability to browse by strain, pricing,price, cannabinoids and other information regarding locally available cannabis products, through our website and mobile apps, permittingapps. The marketplace provides consumers with product discovery, access to deals and discounts, and reservation of products for pickup by consumers or delivery to consumers by participating retailers. Asretailers (retailers complete orders and process payments outside of March 31, 2022, we had 16.4 million monthly active users on our marketplace.the Weedmaps marketplace as Weedmaps serves only as a portal, passing a consumer’s inquiry to the dispensary). The marketplace also provides education and learning information to help newer consumers learn about the types of products to purchase. We believe the size, loyalty and engagement of our user base and the frequency of consumption of cannabis of thatour user base is highly valuable to our clients and results in clients, paying for our services. WM Business, our subscription package, is a comprehensive set of eCommerce and compliance software solutions catered towardsmainly cannabis retailers, delivery services and brands, where clients receive access to a standard listing page and our suite of software solutions, including WM Orders, WM Dispatch, WM Store, WM Dashboard, our integrations and API platform, as well as access to our WM Exchange products, where available. We charge a monthly fee to clientspaying for access to our WMmarketplace and other tools that streamline front and back-end operations and help manage compliance needs. These tools support cannabis businesses at every stage in the consumer funnel, enabling them to:
Strategically reach prospective cannabis consumers;
Manage pickup, delivery and inventory in compliance with local regulations;
Help improve the customer experience by creating online browsing and ordering functionality on a brand or retailer (including delivery) operator’s website and by extending that functionality in-store with kiosks;
Foster customer loyalty and re-engage with segments of consumers;
Leverage the Weedmaps for Business products in conjunction with any other preferred software solutions via integrations and application programming interfaces (“APIs”); and
Make informed marketing and merchandising decisions using performance analytics and consumer and brand insights to promote products to specific consumer groups.
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WM RCRI.jpg
Our solutions are designed to address these challenges facing cannabis consumers and businesses. The Weedmaps marketplace allows cannabis users to search for and browse cannabis products from retailers and brands, and ultimately reserve products from certain local retailers, in a manner similar to other technology platforms with breadth and depth of product, brand and retailer selection. With the development of Weedmaps for Business, we offer an end-to-end platform for licensed cannabis retailers to comply with state law. We sell a monthly subscription offering to retailer and brand clients as well as upsell and add-on offerings to licensed clients. Our current subscription package includes:
WM Listings: A listing page with product menu for a retailer or brand on the Weedmaps marketplace, enabling our clients to be discovered by the marketplace’s users. This also allows clients to disclose their license information, hours of operation, contact information, discount policies and thenother information that may be required under applicable state law;
WM Orders: Software for retailers to receive pickup and delivery orders directly from a Weedmaps listing and connect orders directly with a client’s POS system (for certain POS systems). The marketplace also enables brands to route customer purchase interest to a retailer that carries the brand’s product. After a dispensary receives the order request from the consumer, the dispensary and the consumer can continue to communicate, adjust items in the request, and handle any stock issues, prior to and while the dispensary processes and fulfills the order;
WM Store: Customizable online store which allows retailers and brands to import their Weedmaps listing menu or product reservation functionality to their own white-labeled WM Store website or separately owned website. WM Store facilitates customer pickup or delivery orders and enables retailers to reach more customers by bringing the breadth of the Weedmaps marketplace to a client’s own website;
WM Connectors: A centralized integration platform, including API tools, for easier menu management, automatic inventory updates and streamlined order fulfillment to enable clients to save time and more easily integrate into the WM Technology ecosystem and integrate with disparate software systems. This creates business efficiencies and improves the accuracy and timeliness of information across Weedmaps, creating a more positive experience for consumers and businesses; and
WM Insights: An insights and analytics platform for clients leveraging data across the Weedmaps marketplace and software solutions. WM Insights provides data and analytics on user engagement and traffic trends to a client’s listing page. For Brand clients, WM Insights allows them to monitor their brand and product rankings, identify retailers not carrying products and keep track of top brands and products by category and state.
We also offer other add-on products for additional fees, includingincluding:
WM Ads: Ad solutions on the Weedmaps marketplace designed for clients to amplify their businesses and reach more highly engaged cannabis consumers throughout their buying journey including:
Featured Listings: Premium placement ad solutions on high visibility locations on the Weedmaps marketplace (desktop and mobile) to amplify our featuredclients’ businesses and maximize clients’ listings and deal presence.
WM Deals: Discount and promotion pricing tools that let clients strategically reach prospective price-conscious cannabis customers with deals or discounts to drive conversion. In some jurisdictions, it is required by applicable law to showcase discounts.
Other WM Ads solutions: Includes banner ads and promotion tiles on the Company’s marketplace as well as banner ads that can be tied to keyword searches. These products provide clients with targeted ad solutions in highly visible slots across the Company’s digital surfaces.
WM AdSuite: Omni-channel (on and off platform) marketing solution with access to the Weedmaps marketplace and cannabis-friendly off marketplace outlets including certain publishers, out-of-home units in addition to other media solutions. These campaigns leverage proprietary first-party Weedmaps data to target verified cannabis consumers.
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WM CRM: Customer relationship management software allowing clients to reach new consumers, build loyalty, and grow revenue with our Sprout (customer relationship management), Cannveya (deliverycompliant app, text and marketing tools. The tools also allow for retargeting and re-engagement of cannabis consumers.
WM Dispatch: Compliant, automated and optimized logistics software) solutions and Enlighten (software,fulfillment last-mile delivery software (including driver apps) that helps clients manage their delivery fleets. This product streamlines the delivery experience from in-store to front-door.
WM Screens: In-store digital menu signage services and multi-media offerings) solutions.. kiosk solution and media management tool enabling clients to enhance the in-store experience, impact omnichannel retail and centralize operations with revenue-driving and customizable digital signage.
We charge a monthly fee to retailer, delivery and brand clients for access to our subscription package, which includes WM Listings, WM Orders, WM Store, WM Connectors and WM Insights. Depending on the market, the other add-on products are available for additional fees.
We sell our WMWeedmaps for Business offeringsuite in the United States, currently offer some of our WMWeedmaps for Business solutions in Canada and have a limited number of non-monetized listings in several other countries including Austria, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain and Switzerland. We operate in the United States, Canada and other foreign jurisdictions where medical and/or adult cannabis use is legal under state or applicable national law. As of March 31, 2023, we actively operated in over 30 U.S. states and territories that have adult-use and/or medical-use regulations in place. We are headquartered in Irvine, California.define actively operated markets as those U.S. states or territories with greater than $1,000 monthly revenue.
We were founded in 2008 and operate a leading online marketplace with a comprehensive set of eCommerce and compliance software solutions sold to retailers and brands in the U.S. state-legal and Canadian cannabis markets. The Company’sOur mission is to power a transparent and inclusive global cannabis economy. We addressOur technology addresses the challenges facing both consumers seeking to understand cannabis products and businesses who serve cannabis patients and customersusers in a legally compliant fashion with our Weedmaps marketplace and WM Business software solutions.fashion. Over the past 1314 years, we have grown the Weedmaps marketplace tohas become a premier destination for cannabis consumers to discover and browse information regarding cannabis and cannabis products, permitting product discovery and order-ahead for pickup or delivery by participating retailers. WMWeedmaps for Business is a set of eCommerce-enablement tools designed to help our retailerretailers and brand clientsbrands get the best out of their Weedmapsthe Weedmaps’ consumer experience, while creatingcreate labor efficiencyefficiencies and managing theirmanage compliance needs.
We hold a strong belief in the importance of enabling safe, legal access to cannabis for consumers worldwide. We believe we offer the only comprehensive software platform that allows cannabis retailers to reach their target audience, quickly and cost effectively, addressing a wide range of needs. We are committed to building the software solutions that power cannabis businesses compliantly in the industry, to advocating for legalization, licensing and social equity of cannabis and to facilitating further learning through partnership with subject matter experts to provide detailed, accurate information about cannabis.
We have grown the Weedmaps marketplace to become the premier destination for cannabis consumers to discover and browse information regarding cannabis and cannabis products with 16.4 million monthly active users (“MAUs”) as of March 31, 2022 on the demand-side and 5,0265,641 average monthly paying business clients during the three months ended March 31, 20222023 on the supply-side of our marketplace. These paying clients include retailers, brands and other client types (such as doctors). Further, these clients, who can choose to purchase multiple listings solutions for each business, had purchased over 9,7009,300 listing pages as of March 31, 2022 (of the over 18,400 listing pages on the marketplace).2023. The Weedmaps marketplace provides consumers with information regarding cannabis retailers and brands, as well as the strain, pricing and other information regarding locally available cannabis products, through our website and mobile apps, permitting product discovery and order-ahead for pickup or
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delivery by participating retailers. We provide consumers with discovery channels to improve their knowledge of the local market for cannabis products, whether they are looking by strain, price, effects or form factors. Our weedmaps.com site,website, our iOS Weedmaps mobile application and our Android Weedmaps mobile application also have educational content including news articles, information about cannabis strains, a number of “how-to” guides, policy white-papers and research to allow consumers to educate themselves on cannabis and its history, uses and legal status. While consumers can discover cannabis products, brands and retailers on our site,website, we neither sell (or fulfill purchases of) cannabis products, nor do we process payments for cannabis transactions across our marketplace or SaaS solutions.
Business CombinationAs we continue to expand the presence and Public Company Costs

On June 16, 2021, Silver Spike consummatedincrease the business combination (the “Business Combination”) pursuant to the certain Agreement and Plannumber of Merger, dated December 10, 2020 (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Silver Spike, Silver Spike Merger Sub LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly owned direct subsidiary of Silver Spike Acquisition Corp. (“Merger Sub”), Legacy WMH, and Ghost Media Group, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company, solely in its capacity as the initial holder representative (the “Holder Representative”). Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Merger Sub merged with and into Legacy WMH, whereupon the separate limited liability company existence of Merger Sub ceased and Legacy WMH became the surviving company and continued in existence as a subsidiary of Silver Spike. On the Closing Date, and in connection with the Closing, Silver Spike changed its name to WM Technology, Inc. Legacy WMH was deemed to be the accounting acquirer in the Business Combination based on an analysis of the criteria outlined in Accounting Standards Codification 805. While Silver Spike was the legal acquirer in the Business Combination, because Legacy WMH was deemed the accounting acquirer, the historical financial statements of Legacy WMH became the historical financial statements of the combined company, upon the Closing.

The Business Combination was accounted for as a “reverse recapitalization.” A reverse recapitalization does not result in a new basis of accounting, and the financial statements of the combined entity represent the continuation of the financial statements of Legacy WMH in many respects. Under this method of accounting, Silver Spike was treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. For accounting purposes, Legacy WMH was deemed to be the accounting acquirer in the transaction and, consequently, the transaction was treated as a recapitalization of Legacy WMH (i.e., a capital transaction involving the issuance of stock by Silver Spike for the stock of Legacy WMH). Accordingly, the consolidated assets, liabilities and results of operations of Legacy WMH became the historical financial statements of the combined company, and Silver Spike’s assets, liabilities and results of operations were consolidated with Legacy WMH beginningconsumers on the acquisition date. Operations priorWeedmaps marketplace and broaden our offerings, we generate more value for our business clients. As we continue to expand the Business Combination are presented as thosepresence and increase the number of Legacy WMH. The net assetscannabis businesses listed on weedmaps.com, we become a more compelling marketplace for consumers. To capitalize on the growth opportunities of Silver Spike were recognized at historical cost (which are consistent with carrying value), with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded.

As a consequence of the Business Combination, Legacy WMH became the successor to an SEC-registeredour two-sided marketplace and Nasdaq-listed company which requires us to hire additional personnel and implement procedures and processes to address public company regulatory requirements and customary practices. We have and expectsolutions, we plan to continue making investments in raising brand awareness, increasing penetration within existing markets and expanding to incur additional annual expensesnew markets, as well as continuing to develop and monetize new solutions to extend the functionality of our platform. These investments serve to deepen the consumer experience with our platform and continue to provide a public company for, among other things, directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, director fees and additional internal and external accounting, legal and administrative resources, including increased audit and legal fees.

high level of support to our business clients.
Key Operating and Financial Metrics

We monitor the following key financial and operational metrics to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate business plans, and make strategic decisions. Subsequent to the Business Combination, we modified our definition and calculation of three of our Key Operating and Financial Metrics: (a) average monthly revenue per paying client, (b) average monthly paying clients, and (c) MAUs. We made these modifications in order to better reflect our performance during a reporting period and to make these key metrics more easily comparable on a period-to-period basis. The changes to these metrics and a comparison to previous calculations are described below. We are providing our prior definitions of these key metrics, as well as a calculation of what our results would have been pursuant to such prior definitions, for the applicable periods so that investors and potential investors that have analyzed these key metrics historically using our prior definitions can compare our historical results to our current results with respect to these key metrics using the prior definitions.

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Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
2022202120232022
(dollars in thousands, except for revenue per paying client)(dollars in thousands, except for revenue per paying client)
RevenuesRevenues$57,452 $41,154 Revenues$48,007 $57,452 
Net (loss) income$(31,233)$7,731 
Net lossNet loss$(3,969)$(31,233)
EBITDA(1)
EBITDA(1)
$(29,036)$8,974 
EBITDA(1)
$(802)$(29,036)
Adjusted EBITDA(1)
Adjusted EBITDA(1)
$(953)$8,974 
Adjusted EBITDA(1)
$7,130 $(953)
Average monthly revenue per paying client(2)
Average monthly revenue per paying client(2)
$3,810 $3,503 
Average monthly revenue per paying client(2)
$2,837 $3,810 
Average monthly paying clients(3)
Average monthly paying clients(3)
5,026 3,916 
Average monthly paying clients(3)
5,641 5,026 
MAUs (in thousands)(4)
16,437 10,800 
___________________________
(1)For further information about how we calculate EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA as well as limitations of its use and a reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to net income,loss, see “—“Net Loss to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA” below.
(2)Average monthly revenue per paying client is defined as the average monthly revenue for any particular period divided by the average monthly paying clients in the same respective period. See “—Average Monthly Revenue Per Paying Client” below for a description of how we used to calculate average monthly revenue per paying client and what our average monthly revenue per paying client would have been using our prior definition for the applicable periods.
(3)Average monthly paying clients are defined as the average of the number of paying clients billed in a month across a particular period (and for which services were provided). See “—Average Monthly Paying Clients” below for a description of how we used to calculate average monthly paying clients and what our average monthly paying clients would have been using our prior definition for the applicable periods.
(4)MAUs are defined as the number of unique users opening our Weedmaps mobile app or accessing our Weedmaps.com website over the course of a calendar month. Monthly active users in this table is for the last month in the period. See “—MAUs” below for a description of how we used to calculate MAUs and what our MAUs would have been using our prior definition for the applicable periods.
Revenue
We generate revenue primarily from the sale ofoffer our Weedmaps for Business solution as a monthly subscriptionssubscription package that includes (based on availability within any given market and state-level regulations): (i) a listing page with product menu on weedmaps.com, our iOS Weedmaps mobile application and our additional offerings as described previously. Our monthly subscription offering is sold basedAndroid Weedmaps mobile application, which allows clients to disclose their license information, hours of operation, contact information, discount policies and other information that may be required under applicable state law, (ii) the ability to receive reservations of products for pickup by consumers or delivery to consumers (either on weedmaps.com, on a fixed price per month with the pricing basedwhite labeled WM Store website or third-party websites through our orders and menu embed product), (iii) customizable menus for brands, retailers and delivery operators to embed on the typetheir website, (iv) access to our APIs, including real-time connectivity between Weedmaps for Business to a point-of-sale system (“POS”) to streamline workflows and promote compliance through accuracy and (v) analytics dashboards. We also offer add-on and a la carte products and services for additional fees, including advertising and customer relationship management (“CRM”) software, among other things (for a description of client. These subscriptions generally have one-month terms that automatically renew unless noticethese services, see Item 1. Business). Finally, we offer a growing set of cancellation is provided in advance. Our additional offerings range in pricefor brands to reach consumers and terms. For clients that pay us in advance for subscription and other services, we record deferred revenue and recognize revenue over the applicable term of services provided.retailers as well as manage their brand catalog information.
Net Loss to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA
Our financial statements, including net income (loss), are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). For more information regarding the components within our net loss, see “Components of Our Results of Operations” below.
Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $4.0 million and $31.2 million, respectively. The decrease in net loss was primarily due to a decrease in operating expenses of $19.6 million and a comparatively favorable change in fair value of warrant liability of $18.9 million, which was partially offset by a decrease in revenue of $9.4 million and a comparatively unfavorable decrease in benefit from income taxes of $1.7 million. For more information regarding the components of our net loss, see “Components of Our Results of Operations” below.
To provide investors with additional information regarding our financial results, we have disclosed EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, bothall of which are non-GAAP financial measures that we calculate as net income (loss) before interest, taxes and depreciation and amortization expense in the case of EBITDA and further adjusted to exclude stock-based compensation, change in fair value of warrant liability, change in tax receivable agreement liability, transaction related bonuses, transaction costs, legal settlements and other legal costs and reduction in force and other non-cash, unusual and/or infrequent costs in the case of Adjusted EBITDA. Below we have provided a reconciliation of net (loss) incomeloss (the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure) to EBITDAEBITDA; and from EBITDA to Adjusted EBITDA.
We present EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA because these metrics are a key measure used by our management to evaluate our operating performance, generate future operating plans and make strategic decisions regarding the allocation of investment capacity. Accordingly, we believe that EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA provide useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our operating results in the same manner as our management.
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Each of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA havehas limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider itany of these non-GAAP financial measures in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are as follows:
although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and both EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA do not reflect cash capital expenditure requirements for such replacements or for new capital expenditure requirements;
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs; and
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA do not reflect tax payments that may represent a reduction in cash available to us.
Because of these limitations, you should consider EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA alongside other financial performance measures, including net (loss) income and our other GAAP results.
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A reconciliation of net (loss) incomeloss to non-GAAP EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA is as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
2022202120232022
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Net (loss) income$(31,233)$7,731 
(Benefit from) provision for income taxes(1,748)241 
Net lossNet loss$(3,969)$(31,233)
Benefit from income taxesBenefit from income taxes— (1,748)
Depreciation and amortization expensesDepreciation and amortization expenses3,945 1,002 Depreciation and amortization expenses3,167 3,945 
EBITDAEBITDA(29,036)8,974 EBITDA(802)(29,036)
Stock-based compensationStock-based compensation7,517 — Stock-based compensation4,383 7,517 
Change in fair value of warrant liabilityChange in fair value of warrant liability18,219 — Change in fair value of warrant liability(725)18,219 
Transaction related bonusesTransaction related bonuses2,842 1,957 
Legal settlements and other legal costsLegal settlements and other legal costs867 139 
Reduction in forceReduction in force465 — 
Transaction costsTransaction costs— 251 
Change in tax receivable agreement liabilityChange in tax receivable agreement liability100 — 
Adjusted EBITDAAdjusted EBITDA$7,130 $(953)
Transaction related bonuses1,957 — 
Transaction costs251 — 
Legal settlements139 — 
Adjusted EBITDA$(953)$8,974 

Average Monthly Revenue Per Paying Client

Average monthly revenue per paying client measures how much clients, for the period of measurement, are willing to pay us for our subscription and additional offerings and the efficiency of the bid-auction process for our featured listings placements. We calculate this metric by dividing the average monthly revenue for any particular period by the average monthly number of paying clients in the same respective period. We have consistently grown our monthly revenue per paying client, reflecting the increased functionality we have provided over time with our WM Business software solutions and the increased retailer density within the markets we serve.

Current definition:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
Average monthly revenue per paying client$3,810 $3,503 

Prior definition¹:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
Monthly revenue per paying client$4,052 $3,689 
___________________________
¹ We previously calculated average monthly revenue per paying client by dividing total monthly revenue for the last month of any particular period by the number of paying clients in that last month of a particular period. We changed our definition because we believe using monthly revenue across the entire period is a better reflection of our results during such period than monthly revenue for only the last month of the period and believe our modified definition will be less susceptible to monthly fluctuations and therefore more reliable when comparing period-to-period results.
Three Months Ended March 31,
20232022
Average monthly revenue per paying client$2,837 $3,810 
Average Monthly Paying Clients
We define average monthly paying clients as the monthly average of clients billed each month over a particular period (and for which services were provided). Our paying clients include both individual cannabis businesses as well as retail siteswebsites or businesses within a larger organization that have independent relationships with us, many of whom are owned by holding companies where decision-making is decentralized such that purchasing decisions are made, and relationships with us are located, at a lower organizational level. In addition, any client may choose to purchase multiple listing solutions for each of their retail siteswebsites or businesses.
Average monthly paying clients for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 increased approximately 28%12% to 5,0265,641 average monthly paying clients from 3,9165,026 average monthly paying clients in the same period in 2021.2022. The increase in average monthly paying clients in the three months ended March 31, 20222023 as compared to the same periodperiods in 20212022 was primarily due to broad increases throughoutnew client acquisitions across existing and new states. This growth was offset by a decline in our Featured Listing product, WM Business subscription offering and other ad solutions represented.

average monthly revenue per paying client due to spend declines in established markets. We expected these pressures given the continued liquidity challenges that clients are facing.
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Current definition:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
Average monthly paying clients5,026 3,916 

Prior definition¹:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
Paying clients5,141 4,058 
___________________________
¹ We previously defined paying clients, which was defined as the number of clients billed during the last month of a particular period. We changed our metric because we believe using the average number of paying clients across the entire period is a better reflection of our results during such period than the average paying clients for only the last month of the period and believe our modified definition will be less susceptible to monthly fluctuations and therefore more reliable when comparing period-to-period results.
Monthly Active Users
We define MAUs as the number of unique users opening our Weedmaps mobile app or accessing our weedmaps.com website over the course of a calendar month. In any particular period, we determine our number of MAUs by counting the total number of users who have engaged with the weedmaps.com site during the final calendar month of the given period. Beginning in March 2021, we began tracking and including the MAUs related to the Learn section on weedmaps.com into our calculation of MAUs. We view the number of MAUs as a key indicator of our growth, the breadth and reach of our weedmaps.com site, the value proposition and consumer awareness of our brand, the continued use of our sites by our users and their level of interest in the cannabis industry.
As our business has grown, our MAUs increased each year from 2018 through the current period. This increase is due to a number of factors including, but not limited to, our continued expansion into new markets, further investments in our existing markets, increase in marketing spend, including web advertising, and the general increased awareness of our platform as the cannabis industry has grown and jurisdictions experience continued legalization of cannabis for medical and/or adult use. We also believe we were increasingly efficient with our marketing spend and, therefore, have been able to acquire users at lower costs. However, as our platform has grown organically, our MAU growth rates have at times naturally slowed and we may experience similarly slower growth rates in the future, even if we continue to add MAUs on an absolute basis. While it is not possible to identify all drivers of a change in any given period, an increase or decrease in digital marketing spend as well as significant market shifts including the removal of clients who fail to provide valid licensing information in certain markets can have outsized impacts on MAU growth. We cannot determine what, if any, impact the pandemic had on our MAU growth in 2020.
Since the beginning of the pandemic, we have continued to grow our MAUs, reaching 16.4 million at March 31, 2022. While we believe, like other industries, the pandemic accelerated existing trends towards consumer adoption of online platforms, we cannot be certain to what impact, if any, the end of the pandemic will have on our MAUs or MAU growth.
We believe as we increase MAUs, we increase the value of our bundled SaaS solutions to business customers.

Current definition:
As of March 31,
20222021
MAUs (in thousands)16,437 10,800 

Prior definition¹:
As of March 31,
20222021
MAUs (in thousands)15,866 9,163 
___________________________
¹ When calculating our MAUs, we previously excluded the MAUs attributed to the Learn section of weedmaps.com, which we began tracking in March 2021. We believe including MAUs from the Learn section of weedmaps.com more accurately reflects our total MAUs.
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Three Months Ended March 31,
20232022
Average monthly paying clients5,641 5,026 
Factors Affecting Our Performance

Growth of Our Two-Sided Weedmaps Marketplace
We have historically grown through and intend to focus on continuing to grow through the expansion of our two-sided marketplace, which occurs through growth of the number and type of businesses and consumers that we attract to our platform. We believe that expansion of the number and types of cannabis businesses that choose to list on our platform will continue to make our platform more compelling for consumers and drive traffic and consumer engagement, which in turn will make our platform more valuable to cannabis businesses.
Growth and Retention of Our Paying Clients
Our revenue grows primarily through acquiring and retaining paying clients and increasing the revenue per paying client over time. We have a history of attracting new paying clients and increasing their annual spend with us over time, primarily due to the value they receive once they are onboarded and able to take advantage of the benefits of participating in our two-sided marketplace and leveraging our software solutions. Our monthly
Prices of certain commodity products, including gas prices, are historically volatile and subject to fluctuations arising from changes in domestic and international supply and demand, labor costs, competition, market speculation, government regulations, trade restrictions and tariffs, inflation and the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine. Increasing prices in the component materials for the goods or services of our clients may impact their ability to maintain or increase their spend with us and their ability to pay their invoices on time. Rapid and significant changes in commodity prices may negatively affect our revenue if our clients are unable to mitigate inflationary increases through various customer pricing actions and cost reduction initiatives. This could also negatively impact our net dollar retention which is defined as total revenue from clients in a given month who were paying clients in the immediately preceding month, averaged at 102% in the first three months of 2022.and our collections on accounts receivable.
Regulation and Maturation of Cannabis Markets
We believe that we will have significant opportunities for greater growth as more jurisdictions legalize cannabis for medical and/or adult useadult-use and the regulatory environment continues to develop. Thirty-eight U.S. states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands and several U.S. territoriesGuam have legalized some form of whole-plant cannabis cultivation, sales, and use for certain medical purposes. EighteenTwenty-two of those states, and the District of Columbia, Guam and Northern Mariana have also legalized cannabis use byfor adults for non-medical purposes as well (sometimes referred to as adult or adult-use purposes, and several otherrecreational use). Nine additional states are at various stageshave legalized forms of similar legalization measures.low-potency cannabis, for select medical conditions. Only three states continue to prohibit cannabis entirely. We intend to explore new expansion opportunities as additional jurisdictions legalize cannabis for medical or adult use and leverage our business model informed by our 13-year14-year operating history to enter new markets.
We also have a significant opportunity to monetize transactions originating from users engaging with a retailer on the Weedmaps marketplace or tracked via one of our WMWeedmaps for Business solutions. Given U.S. federal prohibitions on plant-touching businesses and our current policy not to participate in the chain of commerce associated with the sale of cannabis products, we do not charge take-rates or payment fees for transactions originating from users who engage with a retailer on the Weedmaps platform or tracked via one of our WMWeedmaps for Business solutions. A change in U.S. federal regulations could result in our ability to engage in such monetization efforts without adverse consequences to our business. A change in U.S. federal regulations could also increase access to capital and remove limitations of Section 280E of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), thus allowing deduction or credit for certain expenses of cannabis business to increase our cash flow and liquidity, as well as those of many industry participants.
Our long-term growth depends on our ability to successfully capitalize on new and existing cannabis markets. Each market must reach a critical mass of both cannabis businesses and consumers for listing subscriptions, advertising placements and other solutions to have meaningful appeal to potential clients. As regulated markets mature and as we incur expenses to attract paying clients and convert non-paying clients to paying clients, we may generate losses in new markets for an extended period.
Furthermore, we compete with cannabis-focused and general two-sided marketplaces, internet search engines and various other newspaper, television and media companies and other software providers. We expect competition to intensify in the future as the regulatory regime for cannabis becomes more settled and the legal market for cannabis becomes more accepted, which may encourage new participants to enter the market, including established companies with substantially greater financial, technical and other resources than existing market participants. Our current and future competitors may also enjoy other competitive advantages, such as greater name recognition, more offerings and larger marketing budgets.
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Brand Recognition and Reputation
We believe that maintaining and enhancing our brand identity and our reputation is critical to maintaining and growing our relationships with clients and consumers and to our ability to attract new clients and consumers. Historically, a substantial majority of our marketing spending was on out-of-home advertising on billboards, buses and other non-digital outlets. Starting in 2019, consistent with the overall shift in perceptions regarding cannabis, a number of demand-side digital advertising platforms allowed us to advertise online. We also invested in growing our internal digital performance advertising team. We believe there is an opportunity to improve market efficiency through digital channels and expect to shift our marketing spending accordingly. Over the longer term, we expect to shift and accelerate our marketing spend to additional online and traditional channels, such as broadcast television or radio, as they become available to us. Further, we have begun reinvesting in our on-the-ground and field marketing presence and are increasing the types and cadence of client events. These events support and provide value to our retail client base through in-store activation and customer engagement at point of purchase and also afford Weedmaps with the opportunity to engage directly with our client partners, understand their needs / challenges, and foster good will.
Negative publicity, whether or not justified, relating to events or activities attributed to us, our employees, clients or others associated with any of these parties, may tarnish our reputation and reduce the value of our brand. Given our high
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visibility and relatively long operating history compared to many of our competitors, we may be more susceptible to the risk of negative publicity. Damage to our reputation and loss of brand equity may reduce demand for our platform and have an adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. Moreover, any attempts to rebuild our reputation and restore the value of our brand may be costly and time consuming, and such efforts may not ultimately be successful.
We also believe that the importance of our brand recognition and reputation will continue to increase as competition in our market continues to develop. If our brand promotion activities are not successful, our operating results and growth may be adversely impacted.
Investments in Growth
We intend to continue to make focused organic and inorganic investments to grow our revenue and scale operations to support that growth.
Given our long operating history in the United States and the strength of our network, often businesses will initially list on our platform without targeted sales or marketing efforts by us. However, we plan to accelerate our investments in marketing to maintain and increase our brand awareness through both online and offline channels. We also plan to invest in expanding our business listings thereby enhancing our client and consumer experience, and improving the depth and quality of information provided on our platform. We also intend to continue to invest in several areas to continue enhancing the functionality of our WMWeedmaps for Business offering. We expect significant near-term investments to enhance our data assets and evolve our current listings and software offerings to our brand clients, among other areas. We anticipate undertaking such investments in order to be positioned to capitalize on the rapidly expanding cannabis market.
On January 14, 2022, the Companywe acquired Eyechronic LLC (“Eyechronic”) d/b/a Enlighten, a Delaware limited liability company and a provider of software, digital signage services and multi-media offerings to dispensaries and brands.
On September 3, 2021, the Company acquired certain assets of the Sprout business (“Sprout"), a leading, cloud-based customer relationship management (“CRM”) and marketing platform for the cannabis industry.
On September 29, 2021, the Company acquired all of the equity interests of Transport Logistics Holding Company, LLC (“TLH”), which is the parent company of Cannveya & CannCurrent. Cannveya is a logistics platform that enables the compliant delivery of cannabis and CannCurrent is a technology integrations and connectors platform facilitating custom integrations with third party technology providers.
We are working towards the integration of these businesses and will invest in them appropriately to scale both solutions during this fiscal year 2022. We will also continue to explore inorganic opportunities that can help support and accelerate growth opportunities and new market openings.
As operating expenses and capital expenditures fluctuate over time, we may accordingly experience short-term, negative impacts to our operating results and cash flows.
Components of Our Results of Operations
RevenueRevenues
We generate revenue primarily fromoffer our Weedmaps for Business solution as a monthly subscription package that includes (based on availability within any given market and state-level regulations): (i) a listing page with product menu on weedmaps.com, our iOS Weedmaps mobile application and our Android Weedmaps mobile application, which allows clients to disclose their license information, hours of operation, contact information, discount policies and other information that may be required under applicable state law, (ii) the saleability to receive reservations of products for pickup by consumers or delivery to consumers (either on weedmaps.com, on a white labeled WM Store website or third-party websites through our subscription offerings, which consist oforders and menu embed product), (iii) customizable menus for brands, retailers and delivery operators to embed on their website, (iv) access to theour APIs, including real-time connectivity between Weedmaps marketplacefor Business to a point-of-sale system (“POS”) to streamline workflows and SaaS solutions,promote compliance through accuracy and (v) analytics dashboards. We also offer add-on and a la carte products and services for additional fees, including advertising and customer relationship management (“CRM”) software, among other things. Finally, we offer a growing set of offerings for brands to reach consumers and retailers as well as our additional offerings, which include featured listings placements, nearby listings, deal promotions and display advertising products.manage their brand catalog information. Our subscriptions generally have one-month terms that automatically renew unless notice of cancellation is
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provided in advance. We have a fixed inventory of featured listing and display advertising in each market, and price is generally determined through a competitive auction process that reflects local market demand, though we are testing a more dynamic, performance-based pricing model for these solutions across several markets. For clients that pay us in advance for listing and placement subscriptionsother services, we record deferred revenue and recognizesrecognized revenue over the applicable subscription term.
Cost of RevenueRevenues (Exclusive of Depreciation and Amortization)
Cost of revenuerevenues primarily consists of web hosting, internet service and credit card processing costscosts. Cost of sales is primarily driven by increases in revenue leading to increases in credit card processing and web hosting costs. We expect our cost of revenue to continue to increase on an absolute basis and remain relatively flat as a percentage of revenue as we scale our business and inventory costs related to multi-media offerings.
Selling and Marketing Expenses
Selling and marketing expenses consist of salaries and benefits, stock-based compensation expense, travel expense and incentive compensation for our sales and marketing employees. In addition, sales and marketing expenses include business acquisition marketing, events cost and branding and advertising costs. We expect our sales and marketing expenses to increase on an absolute basis as we enter new
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markets. Over the longer term, we expect sales and marketing expense to increase in a manner consistent with revenue growth, however, we may experience fluctuations in some periods as we enter and develop new markets or have large one-time marketing projects.
Product Development Expenses
Product development costs consist of salaries and benefits and stock-based compensation expense for employees, including engineering and technical teams who are responsible for building new products, as well as maintaining and improving existing products. Product development costs that do not meet the criteria for capitalization are expensed as incurred. The majority of our new software development costs have historically been expensed. We believe that continued investment in our platform is important for our growth and expect our product development expenses will increase in a manner consistent with revenue growth as our operations grow.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of payroll, and related benefit costs and stock-based compensation expense for our employees involved in general corporate functions including our senior leadership team as well as costs associated with the use by these functions of software and facilities and equipment, such as rent, insurance and other occupancy expenses. General and administrative expenses also include provision for doubtful accounts and professional and outside services related to legal and other consulting services. General and administrative expenses are primarily driven by increases in headcount required to support business growth and meeting our obligations as a public company. We expect general and administrative expenses to decline as a percentage of revenue as we scale our business and leverage investments in these areas.
Depreciation and Amortization Expenses
Depreciation and amortization expenses primarily consist of depreciation on computer equipment, furniture and fixtures, leasehold improvements, capitalized software development costs and amortization of purchased intangibles.
Other Income (Expense)
Other income (expense) consists primarily of change in fair value of warrant liability and tax receivable agreement liability remeasurement. Other expense, net consists primarily of political contributions, interest expense, financing fees and other tax related expenses.
Provision for (Benefit from) Income Taxes
We expect depreciationaccount for income taxes pursuant to the asset and amortization expensesliability method which requires the recognition of deferred income tax assets and liabilities related to increasethe expected future tax consequences arising from temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities based on an absolute basis forenacted statutory tax rates applicable to the foreseeableperiods in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. Any effects of changes in income tax rates or laws are included in income tax expense in the period of enactment. A valuation allowance is recognized if we determine it is more-likely-than-not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset will not be recognized. In making such determination, we consider all available evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future astaxable income, tax planning strategies and recent and expected future results of operation. During the fourth quarter of 2022, we scalerecorded a full valuation allowance against our business.net deferred tax assets. See Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein.
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Results of Operations
The following tables set forth our results of operations for the periods presented and express the relationship of certain line items as a percentage of net sales for those periods. The period-to-period comparison of financial results is not necessarily indicative of future results.
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Revenues$57,452 $41,154 
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenues3,740 1,857 
Sales and marketing21,882 9,117 
Product development13,090 7,868 
General and administrative29,055 13,366 
Depreciation and amortization3,945 1,002 
Total operating expenses71,712 33,210 
Operating (loss) income(14,260)7,944 
Other income (expenses)
Change in fair value of warrant liability(18,219)— 
Other (expense) income, net(502)28 
(Loss) income before income taxes(32,981)7,972 
(Benefit from) provision for income taxes(1,748)241 
Net (loss) income(31,233)7,731 
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(17,340)— 
Net (loss) income attributable to WM Technology, Inc.$(13,893)$7,731 
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Three Months Ended March 31,
20232022
(in thousands)
Revenues$48,007 $57,452 
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)3,494 3,740 
Sales and marketing12,060 21,882 
Product development10,934 13,090 
General and administrative22,500 29,055 
Depreciation and amortization3,167 3,945 
Total operating expenses52,155 71,712 
Operating loss(4,148)(14,260)
Other income (expense)
Change in fair value of warrant liability725 (18,219)
Change in tax receivable agreement liability(100)— 
Other expense, net(446)(502)
Loss before income taxes(3,969)(32,981)
Benefit from income taxes— (1,748)
Net loss(3,969)(31,233)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(1,494)(17,340)
Net loss attributable to WM Technology, Inc.$(2,475)$(13,893)

Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
2022202120232022
RevenuesRevenues100 %100 %Revenues100 %100 %
Operating expenses:Operating expenses:Operating expenses:
Cost of revenues%%
Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)%%
Sales and marketingSales and marketing38 %22 %Sales and marketing25 %38 %
Product developmentProduct development23 %19 %Product development23 %23 %
General and administrativeGeneral and administrative51 %32 %General and administrative47 %51 %
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization%%Depreciation and amortization%%
Total operating expensesTotal operating expenses125 %81 %Total operating expenses109 %125 %
Operating (loss) income(25)%19 %
Other income (expenses)
Operating lossOperating loss(9)%(25)%
Other income (expense)Other income (expense)
Change in fair value of warrant liabilityChange in fair value of warrant liability(32)%%Change in fair value of warrant liability%(32)%
Other (expense) income, net(1)%%
(Loss) income before income taxes(57)%19 %
(Benefit from) provision for income taxes(3)%%
Net (loss) income(54)%19 %
Change in tax receivable agreement liabilityChange in tax receivable agreement liability— %— %
Other expense, netOther expense, net(1)%(1)%
Loss before income taxesLoss before income taxes(8)%(57)%
Benefit from income taxesBenefit from income taxes%(3)%
Net lossNet loss(8)%(54)%
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interestsNet loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(30)%— %Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(3)%(30)%
Net (loss) income attributable to WM Technology, Inc.(24)%19 %
Net loss attributable to WM Technology, Inc.Net loss attributable to WM Technology, Inc.(5)%(24)%
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Comparison of Three Months Ended March 31, 20222023 and 20212022
RevenueRevenues
Three Months Ended March 31,Change
20222021($)(%)
(dollars in thousands)
Revenue$57,452 $41,154 $16,298 40 %
Three Months Ended March 31,Change
20232022($)(%)
(dollars in thousands)
Revenues$48,007 $57,452 $(9,445)(16)%
Total revenue increasedrevenues decreased by $16.3$9.4 million or 40%16% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease was driven by a decrease in average monthly revenue per paying client primarily as a result of a decrease in revenue from featured and deal listing products. Compared to the prior year period, revenue decreased $8.0 million in our featured and deal listings, $1.1 million in our Weedmaps for Business and other SaaS subscriptions and $0.4 million in our other ad solutions. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, featured and deal listings, Weedmaps for Business and other SaaS subscriptions and other ad solutions represented approximately 70%, 24% and 6% of our total revenues, respectively.
Cost of Revenues
Three Months Ended March 31,Change
20232022($)(%)
(dollars in thousands)
Cost of revenues$3,494 $3,740 $(246)(7)%
Gross margin93 %93 %  
Cost of revenues was $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $3.7 million for the same period in 2022. The decrease of $0.2 million was primarily related to a decrease of $0.8 million for cost of revenues associated with multi channel marketing and cloud communication platforms, partially offset by an increase of $0.5 million for server costs.
Sales and Marketing Expenses
Three Months Ended March 31,Change
20232022($)(%)
(dollars in thousands)
Sales and marketing expenses$12,060 $21,882 $(9,822)(45)%
Percentage of revenue25 %38 %  
Sales and marketing expenses decreased by $9.8 million, or 45%, for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 compared to the same period in 2021.2022. The increasedecrease was driven by a 9% increaseprimarily due to decreases in average monthly revenue per paying clientpersonnel-related costs of $4.3 million, website advertising expense of $2.3 million, outside services expense of $1.7 million, branding and a 28% increaseadvertising expenses of $0.9 million and events expense of $0.5 million. The decrease in average monthly paying clients. Our growthpersonnel-related costs was primarily due to decreased headcount which includes decreases in average monthly revenue per paying clientsalaries and average monthly paying clients primarily reflects continued growth in our WM Business subscription offeringwages of $1.8 million, bonus expense of $1.1 million, vacation expense of $0.4 million and other ad solutions and more client engagement driven by the increased functionality across our WM Business suitestock-based compensation expense of solutions. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, Featured Listing product, WM Business subscription offering and other ad solutions represented 53%, 20% and 27% of our total revenues, respectively.
Cost of Revenue
Three Months Ended March 31,Change
20222021($)(%)
(dollars in thousands)
Cost of revenue$3,740 $1,857 $1,883 101 
Gross margin93 %95 %  
Cost of revenue increased by $1.9 million, or 101%,$0.9 million. Bonus expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily related to an increase of $1.6 million attributable to inventory costs in connection with certain advertising revenue as well as cost of revenue attributable to a company we acquired in the third quarter of 2021.
Sales and Marketing Expenses
Three Months Ended March 31,Change
20222021($)(%)
(dollars in thousands)
Sales and marketing expenses$21,882 $9,117 $12,765 140 
Percentage of revenue38 %22 %  
Sales and marketing expenses increased by $12.8 million, or 140%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily due to an increase in personnel-related costs of $9.0 million, an increase in outside services costs of2023 includes $1.8 million an increase in website advertising costs of $1.0 million and an increase in branding and advertising costs of $0.5 million. The increase in personnel-related costs was primarily due to increased headcount, including increases in salaries and wages of $3.9 million, bonus expense of $2.8 million, which includes $1.3 million of expense amortization related future bonus payouts in connection with prior acquisitions, and stock-based compensation expense of $1.8 million. The increase in our stock-based compensation was partially due to the removal of certain limitations on the exercisability of certain equity awards issued to employees and consultants upon the completion of the Business Combination. The increase in stock-based compensation expense was also driven by the issuance of restricted stock units to our employees during the second half of 2021 and the first quarter of 2022.
Product Development Expenses
Three Months Ended March 31,Change
20222021($)(%)
(dollars in thousands)
Product development expenses$13,090 $7,868 $5,222 66 
Percentage of revenue23 %19 %  
Product development expenses increased by $5.2 million, or 66% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily due to increases in personnel-related costs of $7.4 million and an
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increase in outside services of $0.8 million, offset by an increase in capitalized software development costs of $3.1 million. The increase in personnel-related costs was primarily due to increases in salaries, wages and bonus of $5.5 million, due to increased headcount, and stock-based compensation costs of $1.8 million. Bonus expense for the first quarter of 2022 includes $0.5 million of expense amortization related to future bonus payouts in connection with prior acquisitions. The increase in our stock-based compensation was partially due to the removal
Product Development Expenses
Three Months Ended March 31,Change
20232022($)(%)
(dollars in thousands)
Product development expenses$10,934 $13,090 $(2,156)(16)%
Percentage of revenue23 %23 %  
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Table of certain limitations on the exercisability of certain equity awards issued to employees and consultants upon the completion of the Business Combination. The increase in stock-based compensation expense was also drivenContents
Product development expenses decreased by the issuance of restricted stock units to our employees during the second half of 2021 and the first quarter of 2022.
General and Administrative Expenses
Three Months Ended March 31,Change
20222021($)(%)
(dollars in thousands)
General and administrative expenses$29,055 $13,366 $15,689 117 
Percentage of revenue51 %32 %  
General and administrative expenses increased by $15.7$2.2 million, or 117%16%, for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 compared to the same period in 2021.2022. This increasedecrease was primarily due to an increasedecreases in personnel-related costs of $7.0 million, insurance costs of $3.1 million as a result of additional insurance coverage as a public company, bad debt expense of $2.7 million due to higher reserves for past due balances outstanding greater than ninety days, software expense of $1.4 million and professionaloutside services expense of $1.1$0.8 million. The increasedecrease in personal-relatedpersonnel-related costs was primarily due to increasesdecreased headcount which includes decreases in salaries and wages of $0.7 million, bonus expense of $0.3 million and stock-based compensation expense of $4.3$0.2 million.
General and Administrative Expenses
Three Months Ended March 31,Change
20232022($)(%)
(dollars in thousands)
General and administrative expenses$22,500 $29,055 $(6,555)(23)%
Percentage of revenue47 %51 %  
General and administrative expenses decreased by $6.6 million, salaries and wages expense of $1.3 million and bonus expense of $0.9 million, which includes $0.2 million of expense amortization related future bonus payouts in connection with prior acquisitions. The increase in our stock-based compensation was partially due to the removal of certain limitations on the exercisability of certain equity awards issued to employees and consultants upon the completion of the Business Combination. The increase in stock-based compensation expense was also driven by the issuance of restricted stock units to our employees during the second half of 2021 and the first quarter of 2022.
Depreciation and Amortization Expense
Three Months Ended March 31,Change
20222021($)(%)
(dollars in thousands)
Depreciation and amortization expenses$3,945 $1,002 $2,943 294 
Percentage of revenue%%  
Depreciation and amortization increased $2.9 millionor 23%, for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase2022. This decrease was primarily due to increasesdecreases in personnel-related costs of $3.0 million, insurance expense of $2.0 million, bad debt expense of $0.8 million, outside services expense of $0.5 million, software expense of $0.5 million and rent expense of $0.3 million, partially offset by an increase in professional services expense of $0.6 million. The decrease in personnel-related costs was primarily due to decreased headcount which includes decreases in salaries and wages of $0.9 million, bonus expense of $0.7 million and stock-based compensation expense of $2.0 million, partially offset by an increase in severance costs of $0.6 million, resulting from the reduction in force that occurred in 2022.
Depreciation and Amortization Expenses
Three Months Ended March 31,Change
20232022($)(%)
(dollars in thousands)
Depreciation and amortization expenses$3,167 $3,945 $(778)(20)%
Percentage of revenue%%  
Depreciation and amortization expenses decreased $0.8 million, or 20%, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease was primarily due to decreases in fixed asset depreciation of $0.5 million and capitalized software amortization of $1.7 million, fixed asset depreciation of $0.8 million and intangible asset amortization of $0.4$0.2 million. Capitalized software amortization in the three months ended March 31, 2022 included accelerated depreciation of $1.1 million related to discontinued product features of WM Retail.
Other (Expense) Income (Expense), net
Three Months Ended March 31,Change
20222021($)(%)
(dollars in thousands)
Change in fair value of warrant liability$(18,219)$— (18,219)100 
Other (expense) income, net(502)28 (530)N/M
Other (expense) income$(18,721)$28 (18,749)N/M
Percentage of revenue(33)%— %  
__________________
Three Months Ended March 31,Change
20232022($)(%)
(dollars in thousands)
Change in fair value of warrant liability$725 $(18,219)$18,944 104 %
Change in tax receivable agreement liability(100)— (100)N/M
Other expense, net(446)(502)56 11 %
Other income (expense), net$179 $(18,721)$18,900 101 %
Percentage of revenue%(33)%  

N/M - Not meaningful
Other (expense) income, net increased by $18.7was $0.2 million forduring the three months ended March 31, 20222023 compared to other expense, net of $18.7 million in the same period in 2021. The increase in other expense2022. Other income (expense), net was primarily due toimpacted by comparatively favorable changes in fair value of warrant liability of $18.2 million as well as an increase in other expense, net of $0.5$18.9 million.
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Benefit from Income Taxes
Three Months Ended March 31,Change
20232022($)(%)
(dollars in thousands)
Benefit from income taxes$— $(1,748)$1,748 N/M
Percentage of revenue— %(3)%
________________________________
N/M - Not meaningful
Benefit from income taxes decreased by $1.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company recorded zero income tax provision due to the impact of the full valuation allowance on its net deferred assets. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $1.7 million and the income tax benefit was the result of the tax benefit of the Company's pro rata share of losses and tax credits flowing through from WM Holding LLC. See Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein.
Seasonality
OurThe cannabis industry has certain industry holidays that typically result in consumption by cannabis users. The most important day is April 20th (“420”) but other, smaller holidays include, but are not limited to, July 10th and the Wednesday before Thanksgiving (Green Wednesday). Given the increased consumption, our clients will typically increase spend heading into these events. However, historically, our financial results have been more driven by our ability to achieve rapid growth throughout the year and recent changes in legislation have historically offset seasonal trends inor the impact of broader industry headwinds impacting our business. Whileclients. Therefore, while seasonality has not had a significant impact on our results in the past, our clients may experience seasonality in their businesses which in turn can impact the revenue generated from them. Our business may become more seasonal in the future and historical patterns in our business may not be a reliable indicator of future performance.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following tables show our cash, accounts receivable and working capital as of the dates indicated:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
(in thousands)(in thousands)
CashCash$55,857 $67,777 Cash$25,902 $28,583 
Accounts receivable, netAccounts receivable, net23,657 17,550 Accounts receivable, net15,401 17,438 
Working capitalWorking capital54,620 61,134 Working capital8,461 8,660 
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had cash of $55.9 million. During the second quarter of 2021, we completed the Business Combination, resulting in proceeds of approximately $80.0 million.$25.9 million and $28.6 million, respectively. Our funds are being used for funding our current operations and potential strategic acquisitions in the future. We also intend to increase our capital expenditures to support the organic growth in our business and operations. We expect to fund our near-termliquidity requirements from cash and working capital expenditureson hand at March 31, 2023, as well as from cash provided by operating activities. We believe that our existing cash and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for at least the next 12 months. However, our liquidity assumptions may prove to be incorrect, and we could exhaust our available financial resources sooner than we currently expect. We may seek to raise additional funds at any time through equity, equity-linked or debt financing arrangements. Our future capital requirements and the adequacy of available funds will depend on many factors. We may not be able to secure additional financing to meet our operating requirements on acceptable terms, or at all.
Sources of Liquidity
We primarily finance our operations and capital expenditures through cash flows generated by operations.
To the extent existing cash and investments and cash from operations are not sufficient to fund future activities, we may need to raise additional funds. We may seek to raise additional funds through equity, equity-linked or debt financings. If we raise additional funds through the incurrence of indebtedness, such indebtedness may have rights that are senior to holders of our equity securities and could contain covenants that restrict operations. Any additional equity financing may be dilutive to
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stockholders. We may enter into investment or acquisition transactions in the future, which could require us to seek additional equity financing, incur indebtedness, or use cash resources.
Cash Flows
Three months ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
2022202120232022
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities$(6,993)$10,587 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activitiesNet cash provided by (used in) operating activities$2,157 $(3,850)
Net cash used in investing activitiesNet cash used in investing activities$(4,914)$(283)Net cash used in investing activities$(3,226)$(4,914)
Net cash used in financing activitiesNet cash used in financing activities$(13)$(10,619)Net cash used in financing activities$(1,612)$(3,156)
Net Cash Provided by (Used In) Provided by Operating Activities
Cash from operating activities consists primarily of net income (loss)loss adjusted for certain non-cash items, including depreciation and amortization, change in fair value of warrant liability, change in tax receivable agreement liability, stock-based compensation, deferred taxes, provision for doubtful accounts deferred taxes and the effect of changes in working capital.
Net cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $2.2 million, which resulted from a net loss of $4.0 million, together with net cash outflows of $2.8 million from changes in operating assets and liabilities, and non-cash items of $8.9 million, consisting of depreciation and amortization of $3.2 million, fair value of warrant liability of $0.7 million, stock-based compensation of $4.4 million, provision for doubtful accounts of $2.0 million and change in tax receivable agreement of $0.1 million. Net cash outflows from changes in operating assets and liabilities was primarily due to a decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $5.4 million, partially offset by a decrease in prepaid expenses and other current assets of $2.4 million, a decrease in accounts receivable of $0.1 million and an increase in deferred revenue of $0.1 million. The changes in operating assets and liabilities are mostly due to fluctuations in timing of cash receipts and payments.
Net cash used inby operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $7.0$3.9 million, which resulted from a net loss of approximately $31.2 million, together with net cash outflows of $6.5approximately $3.3 million from changes in operating assets and liabilities, and non-cash items of $30.7 million, consisting of depreciation and amortization of $3.9 million, fair value of warrant liability of $18.2 million, stock-based compensation of $7.5 million, deferred income taxes of $1.7 million and provision for doubtful accounts of $2.8 million. Net cash outflows from changes in operating assets and liabilities were primarily due to an increase in accounts receivablereceivables of $7.8 million and a decrease in deferred revenue of 0.3$0.3 million, offset by a decrease in prepaid and other
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assets of $1.6 million. The changes in operating assets and liabilities are mostly due to fluctuations in timing of cash receipts and payments.
Net cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $10.6 million, which resulted from net income of approximately $7.7 million, together with net cash inflows of approximately $1.7 million from changes in operating assets and liabilities, and non-cash items of $1.1 million, consisting of depreciation and amortization and provision for doubtful accounts. The net cash inflows from changes in operating assets and liabilities were primarily due to a decrease in accounts receivables of $1.8 million, an increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $1.6 million and an increase in deferred revenue of $0.9 million. These changes were partially offset by an increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets of $2.5$1.6 million. The changes in operating assets and liabilities are mostly due to fluctuations in timing of cash receipts and payments.
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
Cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $3.2 million, which resulted from $3.2 million cash paid for purchases of property and equipment, which includes capitalized software development costs.
Cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $4.9 million, which resulted from $4.2 million cash paid for purchases of property and equipment, including certainwhich includes capitalized software development cost and $0.7 million net cash paid for acquisition.
Cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $0.3 million for purchases of property and equipment.
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities
Less than $0.1 million of cash outflow was used inCash outflows from financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2022 for2023 was $1.6 million, which primarily consists of repayments of insurance premium financing of $1.5 million and distributions of $0.3 million to the taxes paid related to net share settlementholders of equity awards.the Company’s Class A and Class P Units other than the Company.
Net cash used inCash outflows from financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 20212022 was $10.6$3.2 million, which resulted from $10.5 million distributions to members and $0.1 million paid for the repurchaseprimarily consists of Class B Units.repayments of insurance premium financing of $3.1 million.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and related disclosures. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Our estimates are based on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Our actual results could differ from these estimates.
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We believe that the assumptions and estimates associated with revenue recognition, income taxes, stock-based compensation, capitalized software development costs, provision for doubtful accounts, goodwill and intangible assets and fair value measurements to have the greatest potential impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. Therefore, we consider these to be our critical accounting policies and estimates. For further information on all of our significant accounting policies, see Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein.
Revenue Recognition
Our revenues are derived primarily from monthly subscriptions and additional offerings for access to the Weedmaps platformmarketplace and SaaS solutions. We recognize revenue when the fundamental criteria for revenue recognition are met. We recognize revenue by applying the following steps: the contract with the customer is identified; the performance obligations in the contract are identified; the transaction price is determined; the transaction price is allocated to the performance obligations in the contract; and revenue is recognized when (or as) we satisfy these performance obligations in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those services. We exclude sales taxes and other similar taxes from the measurement of the transaction price. The determination of the performance obligations and recognitionthe timing of satisfaction of such items asobligations either over time or at a point-in-time requires us to make significant judgementjudgment and estimates.
Substantially all of our revenue is generated by providing standard listing subscription services and other paid listing subscriptions services, including featured listings, placements, promoted deals, nearby listings, and other display advertising to our customers.as well as customer relationship management and delivery and logistic services. These arrangements are recognized over-time, generally during a month-to-month subscription period as the products are provided.
Income Taxes
As a result of the Business Combination, WM Technology, Inc. became the sole managing member of WMH LLC, which is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal and most applicable state and local income tax purposes. As a partnership, WMH LLC is not subject to U.S. federal and certain state and local income taxes.Accordingly, no provision for U.S. federal
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and state income taxes has been recorded in the financial statements for the period of January 1 to June 16, 2021 as this period was prior to the Business Combination. Any taxable income or loss generated by WMH LLC is passed through to and included in the taxable income or loss of its members, including WM Technology, Inc. following the Business Combination, on a pro rata basis. WM Technology, Inc. is subject to U.S. federal income taxes, in addition to state and local income taxes with respect to its allocable share of any taxable income of WMH LLC following the Business Combination. The Company is also subject to taxes in foreign jurisdictions.

WM Technology, Inc. is subject to U.S. federal income taxes, in addition to state and local income taxes with respect to its allocable share of any taxable income of WMH LLC following the Business Combination. Any taxable income or loss generated by WMH LLC is passed through to and included in the taxable income or loss of its members, including WM Technology, Inc., on a pro rata basis. We are also subject to taxes in foreign jurisdictions. Tax laws and regulations are complex and periodically changing and the determination of our provision for income taxes, including our taxable income, deferred tax assets and tax receivable agreement liability, requires us to make significant judgment, assumptions and estimates.
In connection with the Business Combination, the Companywe entered into a Tax Receivable Agreementtax receivable agreement (“TRA”) with continuing members that provides for a payment to the continuing members of 85% of the amount of tax benefits, if any, that WM Technology, Inc. realizes, or is deemed to realize, as a result of redemptions or exchanges of WMH Units. In connection with such potential future tax benefits resulting from the Business Combination, the Company haswe have established a deferred tax asset for the additional tax basis and a corresponding TRA liability of 85% of the expected benefit. The remaining 15% is recorded within paid-in capital. To date, no payments have been made with respect to the TRA. Our calculation of the TRA asset and liability requires estimates of its future qualified taxable income over the term of the TRA as a basis to determine if the related tax benefits are expected to be realized. As of March 31, 2023, TRA liability was $0.6 million, of which $0.5 million is expected to be paid in 2023.
Based on the weight of all available evidence, both positive and negative, we determined during the fourth quarter of 2022 totalthat a full valuation allowance was required against our net deferred tax assets and TRA liability were $171.0 million and $134.1 million, respectively.assets. See Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein.
Stock-based Compensation
We measure fair value of employee stock-based compensation awards on the date of grant and allocate the related expense over the requisite service period. The fair value of restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and performance-based restricted stock units (“PRSUs”) is equal to the market price of our Class A common stock on the date of grant. The fair value of the Class P Units is measured using the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model. When awards include a performance condition that impacts the vesting of the award, we record compensation cost when it becomes probable that the performance condition will be met. The level of achievement of such goals in the performance-based restricted stock awards may cause the actual number of units that ultimately vest to range from 0% to 200% of the original units granted. Forfeitures of stock-based awards are recognized as they occur. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, we recognized stock-based compensation expense of $4.4 million and $7.5 million.million, respectively. See Note 11 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein.
Capitalized Software Development Costs
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We capitalize certain costs related to the development and enhancement of the Weedmaps platform and SaaS solutions. In accordance with authoritative guidance, we began to capitalize these costs when preliminary development efforts were successfully completed, management hashad authorized and committed project funding, and it was probable that the project would be completed and the software would be used as intended. Such costs are amortized when placed in service, on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the related asset, generally estimated to be three years. Costs incurred prior to meeting these criteria together with costs incurred for training and maintenance are expensed as incurred and recorded in product development expenses on our consolidated statements of operations. Costs incurred for enhancements that were expected to result in additional features or functionality are capitalized and expensed over the estimated useful life of the enhancements, generally three years. The accounting for website and internal-use software costs requires us to make significant judgement,judgment, assumptions and estimates related to the timing and amount of recognized capitalized software development costs. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, we capitalized software development costs of $3.0 million and $4.1 million, respectively.
Accounts Receivable
We measure credit losses on our trade accounts receivable using the current expected credit loss model under ASC 326 Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, which is based on the expected losses rather than incurred losses. Under the credit loss model, lifetime expected credit losses are measured and recognized at each reporting date based on historical, current and forecast information.
We calculate the expected credit losses on a pool basis for those trade receivables that have similar risk characteristics. For those trade receivables that do not share similar risk characteristics, the allowance for doubtful accounts is calculated on an individual basis. Risk characteristics relevant to our accounts receivable include balance of costs relatedcustomer account and aging status. The balance for allowance for doubtful accounts were $13.4 million and $12.2 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. See Note 2 to the development of software applications.our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Assets and liabilities acquired from acquisitions are recorded at their estimated fair values. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, is recorded as goodwill. The accounting for goodwill and intangible assets requires us to make significant judgement,judgment, estimates and assumptions. Significant estimates and assumptions in valuing acquired intangible assets and liabilities include projected cash flows attributable to the assets or liabilities, asset useful lives and discount rates.
Goodwill is not amortized and is subject to annual impairment testing, or between annual tests if an event or change in circumstance occurs that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. Intangible assets deemed to have finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, where the useful life is
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the period over which the asset is expected to contribute directly, or indirectly, to our future cash flows. Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment on an interim basis when certain events or circumstances exist. For amortizable intangible assets, impairment exists when the carrying amount of the intangible asset exceeds its fair value. At least annually, the remaining useful life is evaluated. See Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein.
Fair Value Measurements
In connection with the Business Combination, we assumed 12,499,993 Public Warrants and 7,000,000 Private Placement Warrants. As of March 31, 2022,2023, 12,499,973 of the Public Warrants and all of the Private Placement Warrants remained outstanding . The warrants are measured at fair value under ASC 820 - Fair Value Measurements. The fair value of the Public Warrants is classified as Level 1 financial instruments and is based on the publicly listed trading price of our Public Warrants. The fair value of the Private Warrants is determined with Level 3 inputs using the Black-Scholes model. The fair value of the Private Placement Warrants may change significantly as additional data is obtained. In evaluating this information, considerable judgment is required to interpret the data used to develop the assumptions and estimates. The estimates of fair value may not be indicative of the amounts that could be realized in a current market exchange. Accordingly, the use of different market assumptions and/or different valuation techniques may have a material effect on the estimated fair value, and such changes could materially impact our results of operations in future periods. As of March 31, 20222023 and December 31, 2021, warranty2022, warrant liability was $45.7$1.4 million and $27.5$2.1 million, respectively. See Note 4 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein.
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Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein.

Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
We have operations both within the United States and in foreign jurisdictions, and we are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business, including the effects of foreign currency fluctuations, interest rate changes and inflation. Information relating to quantitative and qualitative disclosures about these market risks is set forth below.

Foreign Currency
Assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Revenue and expense accounts are translated at the average exchange rates during the periods. The impact of exchange rate fluctuations from translation of assets and liabilities is insignificant for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. For all periods presented, we believe the exposure to foreign currency fluctuation from operating expenses is immaterial as the related costs do not constitute a significant portion of our total expenses.
Interest Rate Fluctuation Risk
We consider all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. As of March 31, 2022,2023, we did not have any cash equivalents.
The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while maximizing income without significantly increasing risk. Because we only hold cash and, our portfolio’s fair value is insensitive to interest rate changes. In future periods, we will continue to evaluate our investment policy in order to ensure that we continue to meet our overall objectives. A hypothetical 100 basis point increase or decrease in interest rates would not have a material effect on our financial results.
Inflation
WeOther than as set forth in the note above titled “Growth and Retention of Our Paying Clients”, we do not believe that inflation has had a material effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. We continue to monitor the impact of inflation in order to minimize its effects through pricing strategies, productivity improvements and cost reductions. If our costs were to become subject to significant inflationary pressures, we may not be able to fully offset such higher costs through price increases. Our inability or failure to do so could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. We do not believe that inflation has had a material effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations during three months ended March 31, 2023.
Item 4.    Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls are procedures that are designed with the objective of ensuring that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time period specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls are also designed with the objective of ensuring that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the chief executive officerour Executive Chair and chief financial officer,Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In connection with Silver Spike’s amendment to its annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, management re-evaluated, with the participation of Silver Spike’s then-current chief executive officerOur Executive Chair and chief financial officer (Silver Spike’s “CertifyingChief Financial Officer (“Certifying Officers”), evaluated the effectiveness of Silver Spike’sour disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2020,2022, pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, Silver Spike’s Certifying Officers concluded that, solely due to the material weakness in Silver Spike’s internal control over financial reporting that led to Silver Spike’s restatement of its financial
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statements to reclassify its Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants as described in the Explanatory Note to Silver Spike’s amendment to its annual report on Form 10-K, Silver Spike’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as December 31, 2020. Based on the evaluation, and in light of the material weakness in internal controls described above,below, our Chief Executive OfficerChair and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that as of March 31, 2022,2023, our disclosure controls and procedures continuewere not effective due to the material weakness in internal control over financial reporting.
Material Weaknesses
As previously disclosed in our management’s report on internal control over financial reporting within our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, we identified a material weakness in internal control related to ineffective information technology general controls (ITGCs) in the areas of user access and program change-management over certain information technology systems that support our financial reporting processes. As a result, our business process automated and manual controls that were dependent on the affected ITGCs were ineffective because they could have been adversely impacted. These control deficiencies were a result of: IT controls lacked sufficient segregation of duties as developers were granted administrative rights; certain users including developers had accessed other users’ accounts; and our controls over logging and monitoring of system configuration and data changes made by these users were not effectively designed to detect erroneous or unauthorized changes. The material weakness did not result in any identified misstatements in our financial statements.
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Remediation
Management has been implementing and continues to implement measures designed to ensure that control deficiencies contributing to the material weakness are remediated, such that these controls are designed, implemented and operating effectively. The remediation actions include: (i) removing the access from certain users to make changes directly in production systems; (ii) removing privileged access to other user accounts; and (iii) enhancing logging and monitoring of privileged user activities such as data updates in production systems. We believe that these actions will remediate the material weakness. The weakness will not be effective.considered remediated, however, until the applicable controls operate for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively. We expect that the remediation of this material weakness will be completed during the end of the year ending December 31, 2023.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Other than the significant changes associated with the material weaknesses and corresponding remediation procedures as described above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during the three months ended March 31, 2023 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures
We do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all instances of fraud. Disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Further, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all disclosure controls and procedures, no evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures can provide absolute assurance that we have detected all our control deficiencies and instances of fraud, if any. The design of disclosure controls and procedures also is based partly on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. In light of the restatement of financial statements as described in the Explanatory Note to Silver Spike’s amendment to its annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, we plan to enhance our processes to identify and appropriately apply applicable accounting requirements to better evaluate and understand the nuances of the complex accounting standards that apply to our financial statements. Our plans at this time include providing enhanced access to accounting literature, research materials and documents and increased communication among our personnel and third-party professionals with whom we consult regarding complex accounting applications. The elements of our remediation plan can only be accomplished over time, and we can offer no assurance that these initiatives will ultimately have the intended effects.

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Part II - Other Information

Item 1.    Legal Proceedings

The information set forth under "Commitment"Commitments and Contingencies—Litigation" in Note 3 of the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is incorporated by reference into this Item 1.
As previously disclosed, in the second quarter of 2022, our board of directors received an internal complaint regarding the calculation, definition and reporting of our monthly active users (“MAUs”) metric. In response, the board of directors formed a special committee (the “Special Committee”) of independent directors to conduct an internal investigation with the assistance of outside counsel. As a result of the findings of that internal investigation, we provided certain additional information regarding the growth and nature of our previously-reported MAUs in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 filed with the SEC on August 9, 2022. This investigation found no impact on our financial results under GAAP or the reporting or disclosure of any currently disclosed non-GAAP financial metric. As also previously reported, in the third quarter of 2022, we determined not to report MAUs going forward. In August 2022, our board of directors determined to voluntarily report the internal complaint and subsequent internal investigation to the SEC. Since that date, we have received two subpoenas from the SEC’s Division of Enforcement requesting additional information and documents. In addition, the SEC has issued subpoenas to several of our current and former employees seeking their testimony. We have been fully cooperating with the SEC’s investigation. Such investigations are inherently uncertain and their results cannot be predicted with certainty, but could result in penalties or other sanctions against the company, as well as negative publicity and reputational harm. Regardless of the outcome, such proceedings can have an adverse impact on us because of legal costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.
Additionally, from time to time, we are involved in legal proceedings and subject to claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. Although the results of legal proceedings and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, to our knowledge we are not currently party to any legal proceedings which, if determined adversely to us, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows or financial condition. We also pursue litigation to protect our legal rights and additional litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property and our contractual rights, to protect our confidential information or to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others.
Item 1A.    Risk Factors

Investment in our securities involves risk. An investor or potential investor should consider the risks summarized below and under the caption “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20212022 (our “2021“2022 Form 10-K”) when making investment decisions regarding our securities. The risk factors that were disclosed in our 20212022 Form 10-K have not materially changed since the date of our 20212022 Form 10-K was filed.
ITEM 2.     UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

On January 3, 2022, the Company entered into the Agreement and Plan of Reorganization with Janus Merger Sub I, LLC, WM In-Store Solutions, LLC, Eyechronic and Brian Schwartz, as certain holders’ representative, pursuant to which the Company acquired Eyechronic for a total consideration of approximately $29.4 million, including the issuance by the Company of 4,721,706 shares of Class A Common Stock. The shares were issued in reliance on the exemption from registration in Section 4(a)(2) under the Securities Act.None.
ITEM 3.     DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
ITEM 5.    OTHER INFORMATION
None.
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ITEM 6.    EXHIBITS
The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Exhibit No.Description
101.INSInline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document)
101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
___________________

#Indicates management contract or compensatory plan, contract or agreement.
*The certifications attached as Exhibit 32.1 that accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are deemed furnished and not filed with the SEC and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
WM TECHNOLOGY, INC.
Date:May 6, 20229, 2023By:/s/ Christopher BealsDouglas Francis
Name:Christopher BealsDouglas Francis
Title:Chief Executive OfficerChair
 (Principal Executive Officer)
Date:May 6, 20229, 2023By:/s/ Arden Lee
Name:Arden Lee
Title:Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
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