UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
| | | | | |
☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 20212023
or
| | | | | |
☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-39729
SOTERA HEALTH COMPANY
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Delaware | | 47-3531161 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
| | | | |
9100 South Hills Blvd, Suite 300 | | | | |
Broadview Heights, Ohio | | 44147 |
(Address of principal executive offices) | | (Zip Code) |
| | | | |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code | | (440) | | 262-1409262-1410 |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| | | | | | | | |
Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered |
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share | SHC | The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Large accelerated filer | ☐☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
Non-accelerated filer | ☒☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐ |
| | Emerging growth company | ☒☐ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No
As of May 6, 2021,April 26, 2023, there were 282,869,957282,516,526 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.01 par value per share, outstanding.
SOTERA HEALTH COMPANY
- TABLE OF CONTENTS -
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward lookingForward-looking statements are often characterized by the use of the words such as “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “projects,” “may,” “intends,” “plans” or “anticipates,” or by discussions of strategy, plans or intentions. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause our actual results, performance, or achievements, or industry results, to differ materially from historical results or any future results, performance or achievements expressed, suggested or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to:
•any disruption in the availability of, or increases in the price of, ethylene oxide (“EO”), cobalt-60Cobalt-60 (“Co-60”) or our other direct materials, services and supplies, including as a result of current geopolitical instability and sanctions arising from U.S.United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and European Union relations with Russia and related sanctions;Russia;
•adverseforeign currency exchange rates and changes in industry trends;those rates:
•adverse changes in environmental, health and safety regulations;regulations or preferences, and general economic, social and business conditions;
•accidents resulting from thehealth and safety risks associated with the use, storage, transportation and disposal of potentially hazardous materials such as EO and Co-60;
•accidents resulting from the safety risks associated with the transportationimpact and outcome of potentially hazardous materials such as EO and Co-60;
•liability claims relating to health risks associated with the use of EO and Co-60;
•current and future legal proceedings;proceedings and liability claims;
•adverse judgments in the intensityEO tort litigation that may require an appellate bond or alternative form of competition we face;
•security to appeal, and efforts by plaintiffs to enforce large judgments against us, or settlements of such litigation, any market changes thatone of which may have an adverse impact on our long-term supply contracts with variable price clauses;liquidity;
•allegations of our failure to properly perform our services and any potential product liability claims, recalls, penalties and reputational harm;
•compliance with the extensive regulatory requirements to which we are subject, the related costs, and any failures to receive or maintain, or delays in receiving, required clearance or approvals;
•adverse changes in industry trends;
•competition we face;
•market changes, including inflationary trends, that impact our long-term supply contracts with variable price clauses and increase our cost of revenues;
•business continuity hazards, including supply chain disruptions and other risks associated with our operations, including our reliance on the use and sale of products and services from a single location;operations;
•the impactrisks of the COVID-19 pandemic;doing business internationally, including global and regional economic and political instability and compliance with numerous laws and regulations in multiple jurisdictions;
•our ability to increase capacity at existing facilities, and build new facilities in a timely and cost-effective manner;manner and renew leases for our leased facilities;
•our ability to renew the long-term leases for our facilities at the end of their terms;attract and retain qualified employees;
•severe health events, such as the risksongoing impact of doing business internationally;the COVID-19 pandemic, or environmental events;
•instability in global and regional economic and political conditions;
•our failure to retain key personnel and attract talent;
•the significant regulatory oversight to which our import and export operations are subject, and any failure to comply with applicable regulations;
•any cyber security breaches, andunauthorized data leaks as a result ofdisclosures, and our dependence on information technology systems;
•the risks of pursuingany inability to pursue strategic transactions, including acquisitions, and our ability to find suitable acquisition targets, or our failure to integrate strategic acquisitions successfully into our business;
•our ability to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting;
•our reliance on intellectual property to maintain our competitive position and the risk of claims from third parties that we infringe or misappropriate their intellectual property rights;
•theour ability to comply with rapidly evolving data privacy and security laws and regulations to which we are subject, and any ineffective compliance efforts with such laws and regulations;
•our ability to maintain profitability in the future;
•impairment charges on our goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives, as well as other long-lived assets and intangible assets with definite lives;
•the effects of unionization efforts and labor regulations in certain countries in which we operate;
•the variety of laws involving the cannabis industry to which we are subject, and any failure to comply with those laws;
•the risk of government or private civil antitrust actions;
•adverse changes to our tax positions in U.S. or non-U.S. jurisdictions, the interpretation and application of recent U.S. tax legislation or other changes in U.S. or non-U.S. taxation of our operations;
•our substantialsignificant leverage and how this significant leverage could adversely affect our ability to raise additional capital, limit our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry, limit our flexibility in operating our business through restrictions contained in our debt agreements and prevent us from meeting our obligations under our existing and future indebtedness; and
•our abilityuncertainty around discontinuation of LIBOR and transition to generate sufficient cash flows or access sufficient additional capital to meet our debt obligations or to fund ourcertain other liquidity needs.interest “benchmarks.”
These statements are based on current plans, estimates and projections, and therefore you should not place undue reliance on them. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update them publicly in light of new information or future events, except as required by law. The inclusion of this forward-looking information should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that the future plans, estimates or expectations contemplated by us will be achieved.
You should carefully consider the above factors, as well as the factors discussed elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including under Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” as well as Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20202022 (the “2020“2022 10-K”). If any of these trends, risks or uncertainties actually occursoccur or continues,continue, our business, financial condition or operating results could be materially adversely affected, the trading prices of our securities could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment. All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.
Unless expressly indicated or the context requires otherwise, the terms “Sotera Health,” “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” in this document refer to Sotera Health Company, a Delaware corporation, and, where appropriate, its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.
Part I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
Sotera Health Company
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands)thousands, except per share amounts)
| | | As of | | As of |
| | March 31, 2021 | | December 31, 2020 | | March 31, 2023 | | December 31, 2022 |
Assets | Assets | (Unaudited) | | | Assets | (Unaudited) | | |
Current assets: | Current assets: | | Current assets: | |
Cash and cash equivalents | Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 108,009 | | | $ | 102,447 | | Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 647,948 | | | $ | 395,214 | |
Restricted cash short-term | Restricted cash short-term | 7 | | | 7 | | Restricted cash short-term | 12,232 | | | 1,080 | |
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for uncollectible accounts of $603 and $708, respectively | 96,393 | | | 91,735 | | |
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for uncollectible accounts of $2,587 and $1,871, respectively | | Accounts receivable, net of allowance for uncollectible accounts of $2,587 and $1,871, respectively | 109,163 | | | 118,482 | |
Inventories, net | Inventories, net | 33,375 | | | 34,093 | | Inventories, net | 46,736 | | | 37,145 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 69,758 | | | 64,964 | | Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 87,303 | | | 80,995 | |
Income taxes receivable | Income taxes receivable | 20,825 | | | 21,769 | | Income taxes receivable | 20,417 | | | 12,094 | |
Total current assets | Total current assets | 328,367 | | | 315,015 | | Total current assets | 923,799 | | | 645,010 | |
Property, plant, and equipment, net | Property, plant, and equipment, net | 611,620 | | | 609,814 | | Property, plant, and equipment, net | 816,164 | | | 774,527 | |
Operating lease assets | Operating lease assets | 47,117 | | | 45,963 | | Operating lease assets | 24,941 | | | 26,481 | |
Deferred income taxes | Deferred income taxes | 8,088 | | | 8,424 | | Deferred income taxes | 4,165 | | | 4,101 | |
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate | 9,227 | | | 13,457 | | |
Post-retirement assets | | Post-retirement assets | 36,915 | | | 35,570 | |
Other assets | Other assets | 9,281 | | | 9,304 | | Other assets | 32,909 | | | 38,983 | |
Other intangible assets, net | Other intangible assets, net | 656,572 | | | 643,366 | | Other intangible assets, net | 471,860 | | | 491,265 | |
Goodwill | Goodwill | 1,106,728 | | | 1,115,936 | | Goodwill | 1,103,420 | | | 1,101,768 | |
Total assets | Total assets | $ | 2,777,000 | | | $ | 2,761,279 | | Total assets | $ | 3,414,173 | | | $ | 3,117,705 | |
Liabilities and equity | Liabilities and equity | | | | Liabilities and equity | | | |
Current liabilities: | Current liabilities: | | Current liabilities: | |
Accounts payable | Accounts payable | $ | 57,174 | | | $ | 52,400 | | Accounts payable | $ | 61,939 | | | $ | 74,139 | |
Accrued liabilities | Accrued liabilities | 56,373 | | | 60,518 | | Accrued liabilities | 496,791 | | | 490,130 | |
Deferred revenue | Deferred revenue | 5,958 | | | 6,056 | | Deferred revenue | 15,161 | | | 12,140 | |
| Current portion of long-term debt | | Current portion of long-term debt | 4,031 | | | 197,119 | |
Current portion of finance lease obligations | Current portion of finance lease obligations | 1,108 | | | 1,173 | | Current portion of finance lease obligations | 8,588 | | | 1,722 | |
Current portion of operating lease obligations | Current portion of operating lease obligations | 9,631 | | | 9,383 | | Current portion of operating lease obligations | 6,942 | | | 7,554 | |
Current portion of asset retirement obligations | Current portion of asset retirement obligations | 391 | | | 620 | | Current portion of asset retirement obligations | 2,108 | | | 2,896 | |
Income taxes payable | Income taxes payable | 7,384 | | | 10,448 | | Income taxes payable | 4,589 | | | 5,867 | |
Total current liabilities | Total current liabilities | 138,019 | | | 140,598 | | Total current liabilities | 600,149 | | | 791,567 | |
Long-term debt, less current portion | Long-term debt, less current portion | 1,837,580 | | | 1,824,789 | | Long-term debt, less current portion | 2,222,333 | | | 1,747,115 | |
Finance lease obligations, less current portion | Finance lease obligations, less current portion | 33,432 | | | 34,939 | | Finance lease obligations, less current portion | 61,735 | | | 56,955 | |
Operating lease obligations, less current portion | Operating lease obligations, less current portion | 39,806 | | | 38,941 | | Operating lease obligations, less current portion | 20,561 | | | 21,577 | |
Noncurrent asset retirement obligations | Noncurrent asset retirement obligations | 45,633 | | | 45,013 | | Noncurrent asset retirement obligations | 43,350 | | | 42,586 | |
Deferred lease income | Deferred lease income | 21,362 | | | 21,255 | | Deferred lease income | 18,785 | | | 18,902 | |
Post-retirement obligations | Post-retirement obligations | 46,959 | | | 48,223 | | Post-retirement obligations | 7,858 | | | 7,910 | |
Mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interest | 0 | | | 13,625 | | |
Noncurrent liabilities | Noncurrent liabilities | 18,795 | | | 17,506 | | Noncurrent liabilities | 15,051 | | | 12,831 | |
Deferred income taxes | Deferred income taxes | 129,670 | | | 121,816 | | Deferred income taxes | 63,226 | | | 68,024 | |
Total liabilities | Total liabilities | 2,311,256 | | | 2,306,705 | | Total liabilities | 3,053,048 | | | 2,767,467 | |
See Commitments and contingencies note | See Commitments and contingencies note | 0 | | 0 | See Commitments and contingencies note | |
Equity: | Equity: | | Equity: | |
Common stock, with $0.01 par value, 1,200,000 shares authorized; 285,990 shares issued at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively | 2,860 | | | 2,860 | | |
Preferred stock, with $0.01 par value, 120,000 authorized; 0 shares issued at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively | 0 | | | 0 | | |
Treasury stock, at cost (3,090 and 2,742 shares at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively) | (34,000) | | | (34,000) | | |
Common stock, with $0.01 par value, 1,200,000 shares authorized; 286,037 shares issued at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 | | Common stock, with $0.01 par value, 1,200,000 shares authorized; 286,037 shares issued at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 | 2,860 | | | 2,860 | |
Preferred stock, with $0.01 par value, 120,000 authorized; no shares issued at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 | | Preferred stock, with $0.01 par value, 120,000 authorized; no shares issued at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 | — | | | — | |
Treasury stock, at cost (3,520 and 3,616 shares at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively) | | Treasury stock, at cost (3,520 and 3,616 shares at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively) | (29,420) | | | (29,775) | |
Additional paid-in capital | Additional paid-in capital | 1,169,852 | | | 1,166,412 | | Additional paid-in capital | 1,195,357 | | | 1,189,622 | |
Retained deficit | Retained deficit | (578,286) | | | (589,128) | | Retained deficit | (702,974) | | | (705,816) | |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (97,162) | | | (93,842) | | Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (104,698) | | | (106,653) | |
Total equity attributable to Sotera Health Company | 463,264 | | | 452,302 | | |
Noncontrolling interests | 2,480 | | | 2,272 | | |
Total equity | Total equity | 465,744 | | | 454,574 | | Total equity | 361,125 | | | 350,238 | |
Total liabilities and equity | Total liabilities and equity | $ | 2,777,000 | | | $ | 2,761,279 | | Total liabilities and equity | $ | 3,414,173 | | | $ | 3,117,705 | |
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
Sotera Health Company
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
| | | Three Months Ended March 31, | | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2023 | | 2022 |
| | (Unaudited) | | (Unaudited) |
Revenues: | Revenues: | | Revenues: | |
Service | Service | $ | 188,698 | | | $ | 167,405 | | Service | $ | 214,510 | | | $ | 206,218 | |
Product | Product | 23,450 | | | 20,795 | | Product | 6,080 | | | 30,536 | |
Total net revenues | Total net revenues | 212,148 | | | 188,200 | | Total net revenues | 220,590 | | | 236,754 | |
Cost of revenues: | Cost of revenues: | | Cost of revenues: | |
Service | Service | 85,036 | | | 83,069 | | Service | 104,210 | | | 94,576 | |
Product | Product | 11,740 | | | 8,614 | | Product | 4,877 | | | 13,303 | |
Total cost of revenues | Total cost of revenues | 96,776 | | | 91,683 | | Total cost of revenues | 109,087 | | | 107,879 | |
Gross profit | Gross profit | 115,372 | | | 96,517 | | Gross profit | 111,503 | | | 128,875 | |
Operating expenses: | Operating expenses: | | Operating expenses: | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | Selling, general and administrative expenses | 52,465 | | | 37,053 | | Selling, general and administrative expenses | 61,910 | | | 59,542 | |
Amortization of intangible assets | Amortization of intangible assets | 16,543 | | | 14,599 | | Amortization of intangible assets | 16,227 | | | 15,841 | |
| Total operating expenses | Total operating expenses | 69,008 | | | 51,652 | | Total operating expenses | 78,137 | | | 75,383 | |
Operating income | Operating income | 46,364 | | | 44,865 | | Operating income | 33,366 | | | 53,492 | |
Interest expense, net | Interest expense, net | 21,282 | | | 56,562 | | Interest expense, net | 28,870 | | | 10,404 | |
Loss on extinguishment of debt | 14,312 | | | 0 | | |
Foreign exchange loss (gain) | 578 | | | (627) | | |
Other (income) expense, net | (3,890) | | | 3,150 | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | 14,082 | | | (14,220) | | |
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | 3,017 | | | (12,234) | | |
Net income (loss) | 11,065 | | | (1,986) | | |
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | 223 | | | (22) | | |
Net income (loss) attributable to Sotera Health Company | 10,842 | | | (1,964) | | |
Other comprehensive (loss) income net of tax: | | | | |
Pension and post-retirement benefits (net of taxes of $84 and $(744), respectively) | (249) | | | 2,207 | | |
Interest rate swaps (net of taxes of $0 and $1,234, respectively) | 0 | | | (3,479) | | |
Foreign exchange loss | | Foreign exchange loss | 347 | | | 788 | |
Other income, net | | Other income, net | (1,253) | | | (2,967) | |
Income before income taxes | | Income before income taxes | 5,402 | | | 45,267 | |
Provision for income taxes | | Provision for income taxes | 2,560 | | | 14,626 | |
Net income | | Net income | 2,842 | | | 30,641 | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax: | | Other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax: | | | |
Pension and post-retirement benefits (net of taxes of $(17) and $(92), respectively) | | Pension and post-retirement benefits (net of taxes of $(17) and $(92), respectively) | (51) | | | (274) | |
Interest rate derivatives (net of taxes of $(3,396) and $2,109, respectively) | | Interest rate derivatives (net of taxes of $(3,396) and $2,109, respectively) | (9,251) | | | 6,179 | |
Foreign currency translation | Foreign currency translation | (3,086) | | | (72,967) | | Foreign currency translation | 11,257 | | | 14,975 | |
Comprehensive income (loss) | 7,730 | | | (76,225) | | |
Less: comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | 208 | | | (22) | | |
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Sotera Health Company | $ | 7,522 | | | $ | (76,203) | | |
Earnings (loss) per share: | | | | |
Comprehensive income | | Comprehensive income | $ | 4,797 | | | $ | 51,521 | |
Earnings per share: | | Earnings per share: | | | |
Basic | Basic | $ | 0.04 | | | $ | (0.01) | | Basic | $ | 0.01 | | | $ | 0.11 | |
Diluted | Diluted | 0.04 | | | (0.01) | | Diluted | 0.01 | | | 0.11 | |
Weighted average number of shares outstanding: | Weighted average number of shares outstanding: | | Weighted average number of shares outstanding: | |
Basic | Basic | 278,827 | | | 232,400 | | Basic | 280,691 | | | 279,829 | |
Diluted | Diluted | 278,968 | | | 232,400 | | Diluted | 282,977 | | | 279,908 | |
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
Sotera Health Company
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
| | | Three Months Ended March 31, | | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2023 | | 2022 |
| | (Unaudited) | | (Unaudited) |
Operating activities: | Operating activities: | | Operating activities: | |
Net income (loss) | $ | 11,065 | | | $ | (1,986) | | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: | | |
Net income | | Net income | $ | 2,842 | | | $ | 30,641 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | | Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |
Depreciation | Depreciation | 15,379 | | | 16,110 | | Depreciation | 18,931 | | | 15,867 | |
Amortization of intangible assets | Amortization of intangible assets | 22,282 | | | 19,913 | | Amortization of intangible assets | 20,607 | | | 20,182 | |
| Loss on extinguishment of debt | 14,312 | | | 0 | | |
Deferred income taxes | Deferred income taxes | (3,637) | | | (6,683) | | Deferred income taxes | (1,770) | | | 5,633 | |
Share-based compensation expense | Share-based compensation expense | 3,449 | | | 1,725 | | Share-based compensation expense | 7,288 | | | 4,538 | |
Accretion of asset retirement obligations | Accretion of asset retirement obligations | 551 | | | 471 | | Accretion of asset retirement obligations | 572 | | | 520 | |
Unrealized foreign exchange (gains) / losses | 2,354 | | | (4,876) | | |
Unrealized (gain) / loss on embedded derivative instruments | (853) | | | 4,819 | | |
Gain (loss) on interest rate swap | 0 | | | (4,713) | | |
Unrealized foreign exchange loss | | Unrealized foreign exchange loss | 802 | | | 2,430 | |
Unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | | Unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | 227 | | | (7,364) | |
Amortization of debt issuance costs | Amortization of debt issuance costs | 1,663 | | | 2,977 | | Amortization of debt issuance costs | 1,910 | | | 1,414 | |
Other | Other | (2,843) | | | (2,306) | | Other | (1,328) | | | (1,989) | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |
Accounts receivable | Accounts receivable | (4,134) | | | (433) | | Accounts receivable | 10,223 | | | (6,387) | |
Inventories | Inventories | 1,099 | | | (1,553) | | Inventories | (9,512) | | | 9,323 | |
Other current assets | Other current assets | (2,324) | | | (1,404) | | Other current assets | (6,318) | | | (8,934) | |
Accounts payable | Accounts payable | 6,625 | | | (733) | | Accounts payable | (9,610) | | | (12,742) | |
Accrued liabilities | Accrued liabilities | (5,542) | | | (8,334) | | Accrued liabilities | 8,826 | | | 2,479 | |
Income taxes payable / receivable | (4,518) | | | (8,132) | | |
Income taxes payable / receivable, net | | Income taxes payable / receivable, net | (9,551) | | | (5,222) | |
Other liabilities | Other liabilities | 1,513 | | | (61) | | Other liabilities | (372) | | | (81) | |
Other long-term assets | Other long-term assets | (282) | | | 889 | | Other long-term assets | 104 | | | (341) | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | Net cash provided by operating activities | 56,159 | | | 5,690 | | Net cash provided by operating activities | 33,871 | | | 49,967 | |
Investing activities: | Investing activities: | | Investing activities: | |
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (20,942) | | | (12,989) | | Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (45,000) | | | (35,546) | |
Purchase of mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interest in Nelson Laboratories Fairfield, Inc. | (12,425) | | | 0 | | |
Purchase of BioScience Laboratories, LLC, net of cash acquired | (13,152) | | | 0 | | |
Adjustment to purchase of Regulatory Compliance Associates Inc. | | Adjustment to purchase of Regulatory Compliance Associates Inc. | — | | | 63 | |
Other investing activities | | Other investing activities | 32 | | | — | |
Net cash used in investing activities | Net cash used in investing activities | (46,519) | | | (12,989) | | Net cash used in investing activities | (44,968) | | | (35,483) | |
Financing activities: | Financing activities: | | Financing activities: | |
Proceeds from revolving credit facility | 0 | | | 50,000 | | |
Proceeds from long-term borrowings | | Proceeds from long-term borrowings | 500,000 | | | — | |
Payment on revolving credit facility | | Payment on revolving credit facility | (200,000) | | | — | |
Payments of debt issuance costs | Payments of debt issuance costs | (3,435) | | | (207) | | Payments of debt issuance costs | (24,457) | | | (31) | |
Payments on long-term borrowings | 0 | | | (142) | | |
Other | (348) | | | (344) | | |
Other financing activities | | Other financing activities | (1,627) | | | (418) | |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | (3,783) | | | 49,307 | | Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 273,916 | | | (449) | |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (295) | | | 154 | | Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 1,067 | | | 487 | |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash | Net increase in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash | 5,562 | | | 42,162 | | Net increase in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash | 263,886 | | | 14,522 | |
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at beginning of period | Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at beginning of period | 102,454 | | | 63,025 | | Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at beginning of period | 396,294 | | | 106,924 | |
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at end of period | Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at end of period | $ | 108,016 | | | $ | 105,187 | | Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at end of period | $ | 660,180 | | | $ | 121,446 | |
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | | | | Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | | | |
Cash paid during the period for interest | Cash paid during the period for interest | $ | 19,745 | | | $ | 63,570 | | Cash paid during the period for interest | $ | 35,456 | | | $ | 15,809 | |
Cash paid during the period for income taxes, net of tax refunds received | Cash paid during the period for income taxes, net of tax refunds received | 11,561 | | | 1,868 | | Cash paid during the period for income taxes, net of tax refunds received | 14,014 | | | 13,505 | |
Equipment purchases included in accounts payable | 7,389 | | | 5,100 | | |
Purchases of property, plant and equipment included in accounts payable | | Purchases of property, plant and equipment included in accounts payable | 13,061 | | | 9,508 | |
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
Sotera Health Company
Consolidated Statements of Equity (Deficit)
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)
| | | Shares | | Amount | | Amount | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Retained Earnings / (Accumulated Deficit) | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income | | Noncontrolling Interests | | Total Equity | | Shares | | Amount | | Amount | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Retained Earnings / (Accumulated Deficit) | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income | | Total Equity |
| | Common Stock | | Common Stock | | Treasury Stock | | | Common Stock | | Common Stock | | Treasury Stock | |
Balance at December 31, 2019 | 232,400 | | | $ | 2,324 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | (550,511) | | | $ | (94,387) | | | $ | 1,442 | | | $ | (641,132) | | |
Balance at December 31, 2021 | | Balance at December 31, 2021 | 282,985 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | $ | (33,545) | | | $ | 1,172,593 | | | $ | (472,246) | | | $ | (83,566) | | | $ | 586,096 | |
Share-based compensation plans | Share-based compensation plans | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,725 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,725 | | Share-based compensation plans | (55) | | | — | | | 9 | | | 4,504 | | | — | | | — | | | 4,513 | |
Comprehensive income (loss): | Comprehensive income (loss): | | Comprehensive income (loss): | |
Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax | Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 2,207 | | | — | | | 2,207 | | Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (274) | | | (274) | |
Foreign currency translation | Foreign currency translation | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (72,967) | | | — | | | (72,967) | | Foreign currency translation | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 14,975 | | | 14,975 | |
Interest rate swaps | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (3,479) | | | — | | | (3,479) | | |
Net income (loss) | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (1,964) | | | — | | | (22) | | | (1,986) | |
Balance at March 31, 2020 | 232,400 | | | $ | 2,324 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 1,725 | | | $ | (552,475) | | | $ | (168,626) | | | $ | 1,420 | | | $ | (715,632) | | |
Interest rate derivatives, net of tax | | Interest rate derivatives, net of tax | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 6,179 | | | 6,179 | |
Net income | | Net income | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 30,641 | | | — | | | 30,641 |
Balance at March 31, 2022 | | Balance at March 31, 2022 | 282,930 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | $ | (33,536) | | | $ | 1,177,097 | | | $ | (441,605) | | | $ | (62,686) | | | $ | 642,130 | |
| | | Shares | | Amount | | Amount | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Retained Earnings / (Accumulated Deficit) | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income | | Noncontrolling Interests | | Total Equity | | Shares | | Amount | | Amount | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Retained Earnings / (Accumulated Deficit) | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income | | Total Equity |
| | Common Stock | | Common Stock | | Treasury Stock | | | Common Stock | | Common Stock | | Treasury Stock | |
Balance at December 31, 2020 | 283,248 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | $ | (34,000) | | | $ | 1,166,412 | | | $ | (589,128) | | | $ | (93,842) | | | $ | 2,272 | | | $ | 454,574 | | |
Balance at December 31, 2022 | | Balance at December 31, 2022 | 282,421 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | $ | (29,775) | | | $ | 1,189,622 | | | $ | (705,816) | | | $ | (106,653) | | | $ | 350,238 | |
Share-based compensation plans | Share-based compensation plans | (348) | | | — | | | — | | | 3,440 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 3,440 | | Share-based compensation plans | 95 | | | — | | | 355 | | | 5,735 | | | — | | | — | | | 6,090 | |
Comprehensive income (loss): | Comprehensive income (loss): | | Comprehensive income (loss): | |
Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax | Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (249) | | | — | | | (249) | | Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (51) | | | (51) | |
Foreign currency translation | Foreign currency translation | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (3,071) | | | (15) | | | (3,086) | | Foreign currency translation | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 11,257 | | | 11,257 | |
| Net income (loss) | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 10,842 | | | — | | | 223 | | | 11,065 | |
Balance at March 31, 2021 | 282,900 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | $ | (34,000) | | | $ | 1,169,852 | | | $ | (578,286) | | | $ | (97,162) | | | $ | 2,480 | | | $ | 465,744 | | |
Interest rate derivatives, net of tax | | Interest rate derivatives, net of tax | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (9,251) | | | (9,251) | |
Net income | | Net income | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 2,842 | | | — | | | 2,842 |
Balance at March 31, 2023 | | Balance at March 31, 2023 | 282,516 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | $ | (29,420) | | | $ | 1,195,357 | | | $ | (702,974) | | | $ | (104,698) | | | $ | 361,125 | |
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1.Basis of Presentation
Principles of Consolidation – Sotera Health Company (also referred to herein as the “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us” or “its”), is a global provider of mission-critical sterilization and lab testing and advisory services to the medical device and pharmaceutical industries with operations primarily in the Americas, Europe and Asia.
We operate and report in 3three segments, Sterigenics, Nordion and Nelson Labs. We describe our reportable segments in Note 18,17, “Segment Information”. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Noncontrolling interests represent the noncontrolling stockholders’ proportionate share of the total equity in the Company’s consolidated subsidiaries. As of March 31, 2021, our subsidiaries were wholly owned by us, except for noncontrolling interests of 15% and 33% in our 2 China subsidiaries. We consolidate the results of operations of these subsidiaries with our results of operations and reflect the noncontrolling interests in our 2 China subsidiaries on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) as “Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests.” On March 11, 2021, we purchased the 15% noncontrolling interest that remained from the August 2018 acquisition of Nelson Laboratories Fairfield, Inc. (“Nelson Labs Fairfield”). This required future purchase was considered mandatorily redeemable, and therefore no earnings were allocated to this noncontrolling interest. See Note 4, “Acquisitions”for additional details.
In the first quarter of 2021, we entered into binding agreements to purchase the outstanding noncontrolling interests of 15% and 33% of our 2 China subsidiaries, respectively. The purchase transactions are expected to close in the second quarter of 2021 for a total purchase price of $8.6 million.
In July 2020, we acquired a 60% equity ownership interest in a joint venture to construct an E-beam facility in Alberta, Canada in connection with our acquisition of Iotron Industries Canada, Inc. (“Iotron”). Refer to Note 4, “Acquisitions” for additional information. We haveOur equity ownership interest in the joint venture was determined this to be an investment in a variable interest entity (“VIE”). The investment iswas not consolidated as the Company has concluded that we areit was not the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The Company accountsaccounted for the joint venture using the equity method. The
During the year ended December 31, 2022, we identified certain events and circumstances that indicated a decline in value of our investment is reflected within “Investment in unconsolidated affiliates” onthis joint venture that was other-than-temporary. Consequently, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.second quarter of 2022, we wrote down the investment in the joint venture to its fair value of $0, resulting in an impairment charge of approximately $9.6 million. In February 2023, we entered into a Share Purchase Agreement to transfer our equity ownership interest to the joint venture partner, thereby terminating our equity ownership interest.
Use of Estimates – In preparing our consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP"(“GAAP”), we make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and the accompanying notes. We regularly evaluate the estimates and assumptions used and revise them as new information becomes available. Actual results may vary from those estimates.
Interim Financial Statements – The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabilities, operating results, and cash flows of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. These financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information and the instructions to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. These unaudited interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's annual consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2022.
2.Recent Accounting Standards
ASU’s Issued But Not Yet Adopted
Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups ActAdoption of 2012, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. As an emerging growth company, we have elected to take advantage of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies or at which time we conclude it is appropriate to avail ourselves of early adoption provisions of applicable standards. As a result, our results of operations and financial statements may not be comparable to the results of operations and financial statements of other companies who have adopted the new or revised accounting standards.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Accounting Standard UpdatesIn June 2016, the FinancialEffective January 1, 2023, we adopted ASU 2021-08 - Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Lossesfor Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2016-13”2021-08”): Measurement. The amendments in ASU 2021-08 require that an acquiring entity recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contract with Customers (“ASC Topic 606”). At the acquisition date, an acquirer should account for the related revenue contracts in accordance with ASC Topic 606 as if it had originated the contracts. The adoption of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, and subsequently issued additional guidance that modified ASU 2016-13. Thethis standard requires an entity to change its accounting approach in determining impairment of certain financial instruments, including trade receivables, from an “incurred loss” todid not have a “current expected credit loss” model. We intend to adopt the standard as of January 1, 2022. We are currently assessing the effect that ASU 2016-13 will havematerial impact on our financial position, results of operations, and disclosures.
In March 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12 - Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The standard simplifies the accounting for income taxes and makes a number of changes meant to add or clarify guidance on accounting for income taxes. This update is effective for annual financial statement periods beginning after March 15, 2021 and interim periods beginning after March 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted in any interim period for whichconsolidated financial statements have not yet been filed. We are currently assessing the effect that ASU 2019-12 will have on our financial position, results of operations, and disclosures.
3.Revenue Recognition
The following table shows disaggregated net revenues from contracts with external customers by timing of revenue and by segment for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 and 2020:2022:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 |
| Sterigenics | | Nordion | | Nelson Labs | | Consolidated |
Point in time | $ | 131,151 | | | $ | 25,918 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 157,069 | |
Over time | 0 | | | 0 | | | 55,079 | | | 55,079 | |
Total | $ | 131,151 | | | $ | 25,918 | | | $ | 55,079 | | | $ | 212,148 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 |
| Sterigenics | | Nordion | | Nelson Labs | | Consolidated |
Point in time | $ | 117,280 | | | $ | 23,625 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 140,905 | |
Over time | 0 | | | 0 | | | 47,295 | | | 47,295 | |
Total | $ | 117,280 | | | $ | 23,625 | | | $ | 47,295 | | | $ | 188,200 | |
Sotera Health CompanyNotes to Consolidated Financial Statements
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 |
| Sterigenics | | Nordion | | Nelson Labs | | Consolidated |
Point in time | $ | 159,997 | | | $ | 7,588 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 167,585 | |
Over time | — | | | 963 | | | 52,042 | | | 53,005 | |
Total | $ | 159,997 | | | $ | 8,551 | | | $ | 52,042 | | | $ | 220,590 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 |
| Sterigenics | | Nordion | | Nelson Labs | | Consolidated |
Point in time | $ | 149,462 | | | $ | 33,285 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 182,747 | |
Over time | — | | | 717 | | | 53,290 | | | 54,007 | |
Total | $ | 149,462 | | | $ | 34,002 | | | $ | 53,290 | | | $ | 236,754 | |
Contract Balances
As of March 31, 2021,2023, and December 31, 2020,2022, contract assets included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets totaled approximately $14.1$18.7 million and $12.7$19.8 million, respectively, resulting from revenue recognized over time in excess of the amount billed to the customer.
When we receive consideration from a customer prior to transferring goods or services under the terms of a sales contract, we record deferred revenue, which represents a contract liability. Deferred revenue totaled $6.0$15.2 million and $6.1$12.1 million at March 31, 20212023 and December 31, 2020,2022, respectively. We recognize deferred revenue after we have transferred control of the goods or services to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria are met.
4.Acquisitions
Acquisition of BioScience Laboratories, LLCRegulatory Compliance Associates Inc.
On March 8,November 4, 2021, we acquired BioScience Laboratories, LLCRegulatory Compliance Associates Inc. (“BioScience”RCA”) for approximately $13.2$30.6 million, net of $0.8$0.6 million of cash acquired plus the contemporaneous repayment of BioScience's outstanding debt of $1.9 million. BioScienceacquired. RCA is a provider of outsourced topical antimicrobial product testingan industry leader in providing life sciences consulting focused on quality, regulatory, and technical advisory services for the pharmaceutical, medical device and consumer products industries with one locationcombination device industries. Headquartered in Bozeman, Montana.Pleasant Prairie, Wisconsin, RCA expands and further strengthens our technical consulting and expert advisory capabilities within our Nelson Labs segment.
The purchase price of BioScienceRCA was allocated to the underlying assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon management's estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. Changes to the allocationAs of the purchase price may occur as
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
these measurements are completed. Approximately $8.4March 31, 2023, approximately $25.3 million of goodwill was recorded related to the BioScienceRCA acquisition, representing the excess of the purchase price over preliminarythe estimated fair values of all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The CompanyWe also recorded $6.4 million of finite-lived intangible assets, primarily related to customer relationships. We funded this acquisition using available cash. The acquisition price and the results of operations for this acquired entity are not material in relation to the Company'sour consolidated financial statements.
On March 11, 2021, we completed the acquisitionSotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
5.Inventories
Inventories consisted of the remaining 15% ownership of Nelson Labs Fairfield for $12.4 million, resulting in a gain of $1.2 million included in “Other expense (income), net” in the Consolidated Statements of Operationsfollowing:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | | | |
| March 31, 2023 | | December 31, 2022 |
Raw materials and supplies | $ | 39,616 | | | $ | 36,402 | |
Work-in-process | 1,554 | | | 584 | |
Finished goods | 5,682 | | | 276 | |
| 46,852 | | | 37,262 | |
Reserve for excess and obsolete inventory | (116) | | | (117) | |
Inventories, net | $ | 46,736 | | | $ | 37,145 | |
6.Prepaid Expenses and Comprehensive Income (Loss) relative to the $13.6 million previously accrued. Pursuant to the termsOther Current Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the August 2018 acquisition, we initially acquired 85% of the equity interests of Nelson Labs Fairfield in August 2018following:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
| March 31, 2023 | | December 31, 2022 |
Prepaid taxes | $ | 26,426 | | | $ | 26,598 | |
Prepaid business insurance | 8,184 | | | 9,964 | |
Prepaid rent | 1,072 | | | 998 | |
Customer contract assets | 18,736 | | | 19,777 | |
Insurance and indemnification receivables | 3,529 | | | 3,724 | |
Current deposits | 396 | | | 660 | |
Prepaid maintenance contracts | 517 | | | 324 | |
Value added tax receivable | 2,195 | | | 1,640 | |
Prepaid software licensing | 1,854 | | | 1,832 | |
Stock supplies | 3,639 | | | 3,656 | |
Embedded derivative assets | 2,507 | | | 2,721 | |
Interest receivable - interest rate cap settlement | 6,375 | | | — | |
Other | 11,873 | | | 9,101 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | 87,303 | | | $ | 80,995 | |
7.Goodwill and were obligatedOther Intangible Assets
Changes to acquire the remaining 15% noncontrolling interest within three years from the date of the acquisition.
Acquisition of Iotron Industries Canada, Inc.
On July 31, 2020, we acquired Iotron Industries Canada, Inc.(“Iotron”) for approximately $105.2 million. Iotron was an independent contact sterilizer with two North American locations in Vancouver, Canada, and Columbia City, Indiana. Each location uses proprietary high energy electron beam technology to process products for orthopedic, medical device, plastics, and agricultural businesses. The acquisition was financed by the issuance of $100.0 million of First Lien Notes due 2026. Refer to Note 9, “Long-Term Debt” for additional details.
As part of this acquisition, we also acquired Iotron’s 60% equity ownership interest in a joint venture to construct an E-beam facility in Alberta, Canada. The joint venture is accounted for using the equity method.
The opening balance sheet for the Iotron acquisition reflects the net tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their preliminary estimated fair values at the acquisition date.
The preliminary estimated fair value of the underlying acquired assets and assumed liabilities of the Iotron acquisition and the measurement period adjustments recognizedgoodwill during the three months ended March 31, 2021,2023 were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | | | | | |
Allocation of purchase price to the fair value of net assets acquired (net of cash acquired): | Amount recognized as of December 31, 2020 | | Measurement Period Adjustments | | Amount recognized as of March 31, 2021 |
Goodwill | $ | 69,046 | | | $ | (17,142) | | | $ | 51,904 | |
Intangibles | 16,427 | | | 26,273 | | | 42,700 | |
Property, plant, and equipment | 13,812 | | | 4,346 | | | 18,158 | |
Working capital, net | 1,115 | | | 2 | | | 1,117 | |
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate | 12,881 | | | (4,181) | | | 8,700 | |
Assumed long-term liabilities | (2,248) | | | 0 | | | (2,248) | |
Other assets/liabilities, net | (5,846) | | | (9,298) | | | (15,144) | |
Total estimated purchase price | $ | 105,187 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 105,187 | |
The fair value of all the above assets acquired and liabilities assumed are preliminary in nature since the fair value analyses are not yet complete, including finalizing third party appraisals and analyzing the tax attributes of the fair value adjustments. Changes to the allocation of the purchase price may occur as these analyses are completed.
Approximately $51.9 million of goodwill was recorded related to the Iotron acquisition, representing the excess of the purchase price over preliminary estimated fair values of all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The fair value allocated to goodwill and tangible and intangible assets are deductible for tax purposes. The qualitative elements of goodwill primarily represent the expanded future growth opportunities for the combined company and the addition of Iotron’s highly skilled workforce. A preliminary valuation was recorded of approximately $39.1 million and $3.6 million for intangible assets as part of the acquisition related to customer relationships and employee non-compete agreements, respectively. The estimated useful lives of the identifiable finite-lived intangible assets range from 5 to 15 years. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Sterigenics | | Nordion | | Nelson Labs | | | | Total |
Goodwill at December 31, 2022 | $ | 657,458 | | | $ | 270,966 | | | $ | 173,344 | | | | | $ | 1,101,768 | |
Changes due to foreign currency exchange rates | 823 | | | 291 | | | 538 | | | | | 1,652 | |
Goodwill at March 31, 2023 | $ | 658,281 | | | $ | 271,257 | | | $ | 173,882 | | | | | $ | 1,103,420 | |
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Iotron’s results of operations are included in our consolidated financial statements from the date of the transaction within the Sterigenics segment. The unaudited pro forma consolidated results for the three months ended March 31, 2020, are reflected in the pro forma table below had the transaction occurred on January 1, 2020. The following unaudited supplemental pro forma financial information is based on our historical consolidated financial statements and Iotron’s historical consolidated financial statements, as adjusted for amortization of acquired intangible assets, an increase in interest expense resulting from interest on the First Lien Notes to finance the acquisition, and to reflect the change in the estimated income tax rate for federal and state purposes.
| | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
Three Months Ended March 31, | 2020 |
Net revenues | $ | 194,402 | |
Net loss | (889) | |
In connection with the Iotron acquisition, we incurred approximately $1.0 million in transaction costs for the three months ended March 31, 2020, which were included in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
5.Inventories
Inventories consisted primarily of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | | | |
| March 31, 2021 | | December 31, 2020 |
Raw materials and supplies | $ | 29,512 | | | $ | 29,114 | |
Work-in-process | 1,371 | | | 846 | |
Finished goods | 2,617 | | | 4,256 | |
| 33,500 | | | 34,216 | |
Reserve for excess and obsolete inventory | (125) | | | (123) | |
Inventories, net | $ | 33,375 | | | $ | 34,093 | |
6.Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted primarily of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
| March 31, 2021 | | December 31, 2020 |
Prepaid taxes | $ | 25,356 | | | $ | 22,883 | |
Prepaid business insurance | 7,421 | | | 10,403 | |
Prepaid rent | 1,212 | | | 1,170 | |
Customer contract assets | 14,133 | | | 12,670 | |
Insurance and indemnification receivables | 2,751 | | | 2,751 | |
Current deposits | 797 | | | 673 | |
Prepaid maintenance contracts | 432 | | | 404 | |
Value added tax receivable | 1,385 | | | 2,094 | |
Prepaid software licensing | 1,299 | | | 1,181 | |
Stock supplies | 3,210 | | | 2,715 | |
Other | 11,762 | | | 8,020 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | 69,758 | | | $ | 64,964 | |
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
7.Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Changes to goodwill during the three months ended March 31, 2021 were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Sterigenics | | Nordion | | Nelson Labs | | | | Total |
Goodwill at December 31, 2020 | $ | 683,481 | | | $ | 287,932 | | | $ | 144,523 | | | | | $ | 1,115,936 | |
BioScience acquisition | 0 | | | 0 | | | 8,435 | | | | | 8,435 | |
Iotron acquisition measurement period adjustments | (17,142) | | | 0 | | | 0 | | | | | (17,142) | |
Changes due to foreign currency exchange rates | (2,252) | | | 3,408 | | | (1,657) | | | | | (501) | |
Goodwill at March 31, 2021 | $ | 664,087 | | | $ | 291,340 | | | $ | 151,301 | | | | | $ | 1,106,728 | |
Other intangible assets consisted of the following:
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization |
As of March 31, 2021 | | |
As of March 31, 2023 | | As of March 31, 2023 | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization |
Finite-lived intangible assets | Finite-lived intangible assets | | | | Finite-lived intangible assets | |
Customer relationships | Customer relationships | $ | 662,509 | | | $ | 322,685 | | Customer relationships | $ | 654,918 | | | $ | 438,612 | |
Proprietary technology | Proprietary technology | 89,604 | | | 39,707 | | Proprietary technology | 86,406 | | | 53,365 | |
Trade names | Trade names | 142 | | | 100 | | Trade names | 2,559 | | | 832 | |
Land-use rights | Land-use rights | 9,454 | | | 1,364 | | Land-use rights | 9,025 | | | 1,746 | |
Sealed source and supply agreements | Sealed source and supply agreements | 243,660 | | | 98,237 | | Sealed source and supply agreements | 204,612 | | | 96,187 | |
Other | Other | 5,675 | | | 1,138 | | Other | 4,471 | | | 2,202 | |
Total finite-lived intangible assets | Total finite-lived intangible assets | 1,011,044 | | | 463,231 | | Total finite-lived intangible assets | 961,991 | | | 592,944 | |
| Indefinite-lived intangible assets | Indefinite-lived intangible assets | | Indefinite-lived intangible assets | |
Regulatory licenses and other(a) | Regulatory licenses and other(a) | 82,807 | | | — | | Regulatory licenses and other(a) | 77,061 | | | — | |
Trade names / trademarks | Trade names / trademarks | 25,952 | | | — | | Trade names / trademarks | 25,752 | | | — | |
Total indefinite-lived intangible assets | Total indefinite-lived intangible assets | 108,759 | | | — | | Total indefinite-lived intangible assets | 102,813 | | | — | |
Total | Total | $ | 1,119,803 | | | $ | 463,231 | | Total | $ | 1,064,804 | | | $ | 592,944 | |
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
| As of December 31, 2020 | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization | |
As of December 31, 2022 | | As of December 31, 2022 | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization |
Finite-lived intangible assets | Finite-lived intangible assets | | | | Finite-lived intangible assets | | | |
Customer relationships | Customer relationships | $ | 634,454 | | | $ | 309,428 | | Customer relationships | $ | 652,811 | | | $ | 422,277 | |
Proprietary technology | Proprietary technology | 90,964 | | | 38,075 | | Proprietary technology | 86,054 | | | 50,952 | |
Trade names | Trade names | 156 | | | 105 | | Trade names | 2,553 | | | 701 | |
Land-use rights | Land-use rights | 9,489 | | | 1,311 | | Land-use rights | 8,986 | | | 1,683 | |
Sealed source and supply agreements | Sealed source and supply agreements | 240,791 | | | 92,953 | | Sealed source and supply agreements | 204,391 | | | 93,034 | |
Other | Other | 1,937 | | | 519 | | Other | 4,469 | | | 1,979 | |
Total finite-lived intangible assets | Total finite-lived intangible assets | 977,791 | | | 442,391 | | Total finite-lived intangible assets | 959,264 | | | 570,626 | |
| Indefinite-lived intangible assets | Indefinite-lived intangible assets | | Indefinite-lived intangible assets | |
Regulatory licenses and other(a) | Regulatory licenses and other(a) | 81,832 | | | — | | Regulatory licenses and other(a) | 76,978 | | | — | |
Trade names / trademarks | Trade names / trademarks | 26,134 | | | — | | Trade names / trademarks | 25,649 | | | — | |
Total indefinite-lived intangible assets | Total indefinite-lived intangible assets | 107,966 | | | — | | Total indefinite-lived intangible assets | 102,627 | | | — | |
Total | Total | $ | 1,085,757 | | | $ | 442,391 | | Total | $ | 1,061,891 | | | $ | 570,626 | |
(a)Includes certain transportation certifications, a class 1B nuclear license and other intangibles related to obtaining such licensure. These assets are considered indefinite-lived as the decision for renewal by the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission is highly based on a licensee’s previous assessments, reported incidents, and annual compliance and inspection results. New applications for license can take a significant amount of time and cost; whereas an existing licensee with a historical record of compliance and current operating conditions more than likely ensures renewal for another 10 years10-year license period, as Nordion has demonstrated over its 7075 years of history.
Amounts include the impact of foreign currency translation. Fully amortized amounts are written off.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Amortization expense for other intangible assets was $22.3$20.6 million ($5.84.4 million is included in “Cost of revenues” and $16.5$16.2 million in “Selling, general and administrative expenses”“Amortization of intangible assets”) in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) and $19.9$20.2 million ($5.34.3 million is included in “Cost of revenues” and $14.6$15.9 million in “Selling, general and administrative expenses”“Amortization of intangible assets”) in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 and 2020,2022, respectively.
The estimated aggregate amortization expense for finite-lived intangible assets for each of the next five years and thereafter is as follows:
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
For the remainder of 2021 | $ | 65,889 | | |
2022 | 80,665 | | |
2023 | 80,659 | | |
For the remainder of 2023 | | For the remainder of 2023 | $ | 60,084 | |
2024 | 2024 | 79,882 | | 2024 | 79,986 | |
2025 | 2025 | 41,982 | | 2025 | 42,584 | |
2026 | | 2026 | 22,227 | |
2027 | | 2027 | 21,150 | |
Thereafter | Thereafter | 198,736 | | Thereafter | 143,016 | |
Total | Total | $ | 547,813 | | Total | $ | 369,047 | |
The weighted-average remaining useful life of the finite-lived intangible assets was approximately 109 years as of March 31, 2021.2023.
8.Accrued Liabilities
Accrued liabilities consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
| March 31, 2023 | | December 31, 2022 |
Accrued employee compensation | $ | 26,250 | | | $ | 32,936 | |
Illinois EO litigation settlement reserve | 408,000 | | | 408,000 | |
Other legal reserves | 3,651 | | | 3,776 | |
Accrued interest expense | 27,714 | | | 23,291 | |
Embedded derivatives | 3,524 | | | 3,508 | |
Professional fees | 16,222 | | | 6,436 | |
Accrued utilities | 1,913 | | | 1,906 | |
Insurance accrual | 2,320 | | | 2,392 | |
Accrued taxes | 2,654 | | | 2,567 | |
Other | 4,543 | | | 5,318 | |
Accrued liabilities | $ | 496,791 | | | $ | 490,130 | |
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
8.Accrued Liabilities
Accrued liabilities consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
| March 31, 2021 | | December 31, 2020 |
Accrued employee compensation | $ | 27,651 | | | $ | 34,760 | |
Legal reserves | 2,751 | | | 2,751 | |
Accrued interest expense | 764 | | | 186 | |
Embedded derivatives | 229 | | | 670 | |
Professional fees | 13,744 | | | 12,686 | |
Accrued utilities | 2,397 | | | 1,864 | |
Insurance accrual | 1,886 | | | 1,255 | |
Accrued taxes | 3,332 | | | 2,599 | |
Other | 3,619 | | | 3,747 | |
Accrued liabilities | $ | 56,373 | | | $ | 60,518 | |
9.Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
| March 31, 2021 | | December 31, 2020 |
Term loan, due 2026 | $ | 1,763,100 | | | $ | 1,763,100 | |
Senior notes, due 2026 | 100,000 | | | 100,000 | |
| | | |
Other long-term debt | 1,059 | | | 450 | |
Total long-term debt | 1,864,159 | | | 1,863,550 | |
| | | |
Less unamortized debt issuance costs and debt discounts | (26,579) | | | (38,761) | |
Total long-term debt, less debt issuance costs and debt discounts | $ | 1,837,580 | | | $ | 1,824,789 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | | | |
As of March 31, 2023 | Gross Amount | | Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs | | Unamortized Debt Discount | | Net Amount |
Term loan, due 2026 | $ | 1,763,100 | | | $ | (2,007) | | | $ | (12,872) | | | $ | 1,748,221 | |
Term loan B, due 2026 | 500,000 | | | (7,700) | | | (14,605) | | | 477,695 | |
| | | | | | | |
Other long-term debt | 450 | | | (2) | | | — | | | 448 | |
| 2,263,550 | | | (9,709) | | | (27,477) | | | 2,226,364 | |
Less current portion | 4,200 | | | (60) | | | (109) | | | 4,031 | |
Long-term debt | $ | 2,259,350 | | | $ | (9,649) | | | $ | (27,368) | | | $ | 2,222,333 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | | | |
As of December 31, 2022 | Gross Amount | | Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs | | Unamortized Debt Discount | | Net Amount |
Term loan, due 2026 | 1,763,100 | | | (2,140) | | | (13,845) | | | 1,747,115 | |
Revolving credit facility | 200,000 | | | (3,328) | | | — | | | 196,672 | |
Other long-term debt | 450 | | | (3) | | | — | | | 447 | |
| 1,963,550 | | | (5,471) | | | (13,845) | | | 1,944,234 | |
Less current portion | 200,450 | | | (3,331) | | | — | | | 197,119 | |
Long-term debt | $ | 1,763,100 | | | $ | (2,140) | | | $ | (13,845) | | | $ | 1,747,115 | |
Debt Facilities
Senior Secured Credit Facilities
On December 13, 2019, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC (“SHH”), our wholly ownedwholly-owned subsidiary, entered into senior secured first lien credit facilities (the “Senior Secured Credit Facilities”), consisting of both a prepayable senior secured first lien term loan (the “Term Loan”) and a senior secured first lien revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) pursuant to a first lien credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”). The Term Loan matures on December 13, 2026, and2026. After giving effect to the Revolving Credit Facility's original maturity date was December 13, 2024. On December 17, 2020, we increasedFacility Amendment (defined below), the total borrowing capacity of ourunder the Revolving Credit Facility from $190.0 million to $347.5is $423.8 million. The Senior Secured Credit Facilities also provide SHH the right at any time and under certain conditions to request incremental term loans or incremental revolving credit commitments based on a formula defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. As of March 31, 20212023 and December 31, 2020,2022, total borrowings under the Term Loan were $1,763.1 million and $1,763.1 million, respectively, and there were no borrowings outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility.million. The weighted average interest rate on borrowings under the Term Loan for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 and March 31, 20202022 was 3.73%7.44% and 6.18%3.25%, respectively.
On January 20, 2021,February 23, 2023, we closedentered into the First Lien Credit Agreement (the “2023 Credit Agreement”), which provides for, among other things, a new Term Loan B facility (the "2023 Term Loan") in an aggregate principal amount of $500.0 million and bears interest, at the Company’s option, at a variable rate per annum equal to either (x) the Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“Term SOFR”) (as defined in the 2023 Credit Agreement) plus an applicable margin of 3.75% or (y) an alternative base rate (“ABR”) plus an applicable margin of 2.75%. The 2023 Credit Agreement is secured on an amendment repricinga first priority basis on substantially all of our Term Loan.assets and is guaranteed by certain of our subsidiaries. It is prepayable without premium or penalty at any time six months after the closing date. The principal balance shall be paid at 1% of the aggregate principal amount ($5.0 million) per year, with the balance due at the end of 2026. The Company used the proceeds of this debt to fund a previously announced $408.0 million EO litigation settlement in Cook County, Illinois and pay down the $200.0 million of existing borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility concurrent with the funding of this loan on February 23, 2023. In addition, the Company plans to use the remaining proceeds to further enhance liquidity and for general corporate purposes. The weighted average interest rate spread overon borrowings under the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) on2023 Term Loan for the facilitythree months ended March 31, 2023 was reduced from 450 basis points to 275 basis points, and the facility’s LIBOR floor was reduced from 100 basis points to 50 basis points. The changes result in an effective reduction in current interest rates of 2.25%. In connection with this amendment, we wrote off $11.3 million of unamortized debt issuance and discount costs and incurred an additional $2.9 million of expense related to debt issuance costs attributable to the refinancing. These costs were recorded to “Loss on extinguishment of debt” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)8.82%.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As ofOn March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, capitalized debt issuance costs totaled $3.1 million and $3.4 million, respectively, and debt discounts totaled $20.0 million and $31.6 million, respectively, related21, 2023, the Company entered into an Incremental Facility Amendment to the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. Such costs are recorded as a reductionAgreement (“Revolving Credit Facility Amendment”), which provides for an increase in the commitments under the existing Revolving Credit Facility in an aggregate principal amount of debt on our consolidated balance sheets and amortized as a component of interest expense over the term$76.3 million. In addition, certain of the debt agreement.
On March 26, 2021, we amendedlenders providing revolving credit commitments provided additional commitments for the issuance of the letters of credit under the Revolving Credit Facility to (i) decreasein an aggregate principal amount of $165.1 million. The Revolving Credit Facility Amendment also provides for the Applicable Rate (as defined inreplacement of the Credit Agreement) related to anyreference interest rate option for Revolving Loans (as defined in the Credit Agreement) from London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) to SOFR plus an applicable credit spread adjustment of 0.10% (subject to a rate per annum that ranged from an alternative base rate (“ABR”) plus 2.50% to ABR plus 3.00% depending on SHH’s Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio to ABR plus 1.75%; and in the caseminimum floor of Eurodollar Loans (as defined in the Credit Agreement) from a rate per annum which ranged from the Adjusted LIBOR plus 3.50%0.00%). After giving effect to the Adjusted LIBOR plus 4.00% depending on SHH’s Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio (as defined inRevolving Credit Facility Amendment, the Credit Agreement), toaggregate amount of the Adjusted LIBOR (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus 2.75%, and (ii) extend theLenders' Revolving Commitments is $423.8 million. The maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility from December 13, 2024 toremains June 13, 2026. The other material terms of the Credit Agreement are unchanged and the amendment does not change the capacity of our Revolving Credit Facility, which is $347.5 million. No unamortized debt issuance costs associated with the Revolving Credit Facility were written off and direct fees and costs incurred in connection with the amendment were immaterial.
As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were 0 borrowings on the Revolving Credit Facility. SHHCompany borrowed $50.0$200.0 million onunder the Revolving Credit Facility during the firstfourth quarter of 20202022, which was repaid in the secondfirst quarter of 2020.2023, as noted above. As of March 31, 2023 there were no borrowings outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility. The weighted average interest rate on theoutstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility during 2020 averaged approximately 5.0%for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was 7.47%.
The Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement contain additional covenants that, among other things, restrict, subject to certain exceptions, our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to engage in certain activities, such as incur indebtedness or permit to exist any lien on any property or asset now owned or hereafter acquired, as specified in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement. The Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement also contain certain customary affirmative covenants and events of default, including upon a change of control. An event of default under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement would occur if the Company or certain of its subsidiaries received one or more enforceable judgments for payment in an aggregate amount in excess of $100.0 million, which judgment or judgments are not stayed or remain undischarged for a period of sixty consecutive days or if, in order to enforce such a judgment, a judgment creditor attached or levied upon assets that are material to the business and operations, taken as a whole, of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries. As of March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all of the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement covenants.
All of SHH’s obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement are unconditionally guaranteed by the Company and each existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiary of the Company, with customary exceptions including, among other things, where providing such guarantees is not permitted by law, regulation or contract or would result in material adverse tax consequences. All obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement, and the guarantees of such obligations, are secured by substantially all assets of the borrower and guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and exclusions, as outlined in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement.
Outstanding letters of credit are collateralized by encumbrances against the Revolving Credit Facility and the collateral pledged thereunder, or by cash placed on deposit with the issuing bank. As of March 31, 2021,2023, the Company had $65.8$65.1 million of letters of credit issued against the Revolving Credit Facility, resulting in total availability under the Revolving Credit Facility of $281.7$358.7 million.
First Lien NotesTerm Loan Interest Rate Risk Management
On July 31, 2020, SHH issued $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of senior secured first lien notes due 2026 (the “First Lien Notes”), which mature on December 13, 2026. The First Lien Notes bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR subject to a 1.00% floor plus 6.00% per annum. Interest is payable on a quarterly basis with no principal due until maturity. The weighted averageCompany utilizes interest rate derivatives to eliminate the variability of cash flows in the interest payments associated with our variable rate debt due to changes in LIBOR and Term SOFR. For additional information on the First Lien Notes forderivative instruments described above, refer to Note 16, “Financial Instruments and Financial Risk”, “Derivatives Instruments.”
Publication of all U.S. LIBOR tenors will cease after June 30, 2023. The most likely replacement benchmark is expected to be the three months ended March 31, 2021 was 7.00%.
SHH is entitled to redeem all or a portion of the First Lien Notes, at any time and from time to time, subject to certain premiums depending on the date of redemption; any time on or prior to July 31, 2021, a customary make-whole premium applies and, thereafter, specified premiums that decline to zero apply (in each case as describedSOFR, which has been recommended by financial regulators in the indenture governingUnited States. We have identified our LIBOR-based exposure in our debt and outstanding interest rate derivative agreements and have addressed the First Lien Notes).
All of SHH’s obligations under the First Lien Notes are unconditionally guaranteedLIBOR transition for those contracts. In accordance with ASC 848 Reference Rate Reform, we have elected to apply certain optional expedients for contract modifications and hedging relationships for derivative instruments impacted by the Company and each existing and subsequently acquiredbenchmark interest rate transition. The optional expedients remove the requirement to remeasure contract modifications or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiary of SHH, with customary exceptions including, among other things, where providing such guarantees is not permitteddedesignate hedging relationships impacted by law, regulation or contract or would result in material adverse tax consequences. All obligations under the First Lien Notes, and the guarantees of such obligations, are secured by substantially all of the assets of the borrower and guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and exclusions, as outlined in the First Lien Notes. Such collateral is substantially the same collateral that secures the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. Such collateral securing the First Lien Notes ranks pari passu with that of the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.reference rate reform.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, capitalized debt issuance costs were $0.8 million and $0.9 million, respectively, and debt discounts were $2.7 million and $2.8 million, respectively, related to the First Lien Notes, which are recorded as a reduction of debt on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized into interest expense over the term of the debt agreement.
2020 Debt Repayments
On November 24, 2020, we closed our initial public offering (the "IPO”), in which we sold 53,590,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $23.00 per share, which included the full exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to an additional 6,990,000 shares of common stock. We raised approximately $1.2 billion in net proceeds after deducting underwriters’ discounts and commissions. We used the net proceeds received by us from the IPO to (i) redeem $770.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the Second Lien Senior Secured Notes with an original maturity date of December 13, 2027 (the "Second Lien Notes”), plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon and $15.4 million of redemption premium, (ii) repurchase 1,568,445 shares of our common stock from certain of our executive officers at a purchase price per share equal to the IPO price per share of our common stock less an amount equal to the underwriting discounts and commissions payable thereon and (iii) repay $341.0 million of the outstanding indebtedness under the Term Loan, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon. In connection with the debt repayments, we wrote off $28.9 million of debt issuance and discount costs and recognized $15.4 million in premiums paid for the early extinguishment of the Second Lien Notes. We recognized these costs within “Loss on extinguishment of debt” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) in the fourth quarter of 2020.
Aggregate Maturities
Aggregate maturities of the Company’s long-term debt, excluding debt discounts, as of March 31, 2021,2023, are as follows:
| | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
2021 | $ | 0 | |
2022 | 609 | |
2023 | 450 | |
2024 | 0 | |
2025 | 0 | |
Thereafter | 1,863,100 | |
Total | $ | 1,864,159 | |
As referenced above, the Company utilized its IPO proceeds toward prepaying the Second Lien Notes in full as well as prepaying a portion of the Term Loan. The Term Loan prepayment amount eliminated all subsequent scheduled and outstanding repayments of the term borrowings resulting in no remaining short-term commitments. | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
2023 | $ | 2,950 | |
2024 | 5,000 | |
2025 | 5,000 | |
2026 | 2,250,600 | |
2027 | — | |
Thereafter | — | |
Total | $ | 2,263,550 | |
10.Income Taxes
Income tax expense is provided on an interim basis based upon our estimate of the annual effective income tax rate. In determining the estimated annual effective income tax rate, we analyze various factors, including projections of our annual earnings and the taxing jurisdictions where the earnings will occur, the impact of state and local taxes, our ability to utilize tax credits and net operating loss carryforwards and available tax planning alternatives.
Our effective tax rate was 21.447.4 % and (86.0)%32.3% for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 and 2020,2022, respectively. Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2021 differs2023 differed from the statutory rate primarily due to the impact of the foreign rate differential, global intangible low-tax income (“GILTI”), and a net increase in the valuation allowance attributable to the limitation on the deductibility of interest expense. This was offset by a discrete item, which reversedexpense, the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets related to certain asset retirement obligations.
impact of the foreign rate differential, and non-deductible compensation. Income tax benefitexpense for the three months ended March 31, 20202022 differed from the statutory rate primarily due to a net increase in the impact of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”), which increasedvaluation allowance attributable to the limitation on the deductibility of interest expense, from 30% to 50% for tax years beginning in 2019 or 2020,the impact of the foreign rate differential, and other provisions. The increased limitation
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
resulted in a current tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2020 of $9.1 million. The increased limitation also resulted in a $5.6 million valuation allowance reversal in the three months ended March 31, 2020.global intangible low-tax income (“GILTI”).
11.Employee Benefits
The Company sponsors various post-employment benefit plans including, in certain countries outside the U.S., defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans, retirement compensation arrangements, and plans that provide extended health care coverage to retired employees, the majority of which relate to Nordion.
Defined benefit pension plan
The following defined benefit pension plan disclosure relates to Nordion. Certain immaterial foreign defined benefit pension plans have been excluded from the table below. The interest cost, and expected return on plan assets, and amortization of net actuarial loss are recorded net in “Other income, net” and the service cost component is included in the same financial statement line item as the applicable employee’s wages in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).Income. The components of net periodic pension cost for the defined benefit plans for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 and 20202022 were as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Three Months Ended March 31, | | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2021 | | 2020 | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2023 | | 2022 |
Service cost | Service cost | $ | 298 | | | $ | 276 | | Service cost | $ | 131 | | | $ | 249 | |
Interest cost | Interest cost | 1,613 | | | 2,007 | | Interest cost | 2,724 | | | 1,903 | |
Expected return on plan assets | Expected return on plan assets | (3,557) | | | (3,599) | | Expected return on plan assets | (4,019) | | | (3,704) | |
Amortization of net actuarial loss | 267 | | | 197 | | |
| Net periodic benefit | Net periodic benefit | $ | (1,379) | | | $ | (1,119) | | Net periodic benefit | $ | (1,164) | | | $ | (1,552) | |
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Other benefit plans
Other benefit plans disclosed below relate to Nordion and include a supplemental retirement arrangement, a retirement and termination allowance, and post-retirement benefit plans, which include contributory health and dental care benefits and contributory life insurance coverage. Certain immaterial other foreign benefit plans have been excluded from the table below. All but one, non-pension post-employment benefit plans are unfunded. The components of net periodic pensionbenefit cost for the other benefit plans for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 and 20202022 were as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Three Months Ended March 31, | | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2021 | | 2020 | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2023 | | 2022 |
Service cost | Service cost | $ | 7 | | | $ | 7 | | Service cost | $ | 2 | | | $ | 4 | |
Interest cost | Interest cost | 59 | | | 73 | | Interest cost | 90 | | | 65 | |
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss | 8 | | | 13 | | |
Amortization of net actuarial gain | | Amortization of net actuarial gain | (44) | | | (2) | |
Net periodic benefit cost | Net periodic benefit cost | $ | 74 | | | $ | 93 | | Net periodic benefit cost | $ | 48 | | | $ | 67 | |
We currently expect funding requirements of approximately $2.8$0.3 million in each of the next five years to fund the regulatory solvency deficit, as defined by Canadian federal regulation, which requirerequires solvency testing on defined benefit pension plans.
The Company may obtain a qualifying letter of credit for solvency payments, up to 15% of the market value of solvency liabilities as determined on the valuation date, instead of paying cash into the pension fund. As of March 31, 2021,2023, and December 31, 2020,2022, we had letters of credit outstanding relating to the defined benefit plans totaling $42.6$43.5 million and $41.3$44.1 million, respectively. The actual funding requirements over the five-year period will be dependent on subsequent annual actuarial valuations. These amounts are estimates, which may change with actual investment performance, changes in interest rates, any pertinent changes in Canadian government regulations and any voluntary contributions.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
12.Related Parties
We do business with a number of companies affiliated with Warburg Pincus and GTCR, which we refer to collectively as the “Sponsors,” who continue to have substantial control over us. All transactions with these companies have been conducted in the ordinary course of our business and are not material to our operations.
13.Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are presented net of the related tax. Foreign currency translation is not adjusted for income taxes.
Changes in our accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) balances, net of applicable tax, were as follows:
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Defined Benefit Plans | | Foreign Currency Translation | | Interest Rate Swaps | | Total | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Defined Benefit Plans | | Foreign Currency Translation | | Interest Rate Derivatives | | Total |
Beginning balance – January 1, 2021 | $ | (44,143) | | | $ | (49,699) | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | (93,842) | | |
Beginning balance – January 1, 2023 | | Beginning balance – January 1, 2023 | $ | 3,209 | | | $ | (131,205) | | | $ | 21,343 | | | $ | (106,653) | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | (524) | | | (3,071) | | | 0 | | | (3,595) | | Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | (7) | | | 11,257 | | | (2,493) | | | 8,757 | |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 275 | | (a) | 0 | | | 0 | | | 275 | | Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | (44) | | (a) | — | | | (6,758) | | (b) | (6,802) | |
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) | Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) | (249) | | | (3,071) | | | 0 | | | (3,320) | | Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) | (51) | | | 11,257 | | | (9,251) | | | 1,955 | |
Ending balance – March 31, 2021 | $ | (44,392) | | | $ | (52,770) | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | (97,162) | | |
Ending balance – March 31, 2023 | | Ending balance – March 31, 2023 | $ | 3,158 | | | $ | (119,948) | | | $ | 12,092 | | | $ | (104,698) | |
| Beginning balance – January 1, 2020 | $ | (27,113) | | | $ | (67,453) | | | $ | 179 | | | $ | (94,387) | | |
Beginning balance – January 1, 2022 | | Beginning balance – January 1, 2022 | $ | (17,581) | | | $ | (66,389) | | | $ | 404 | | | $ | (83,566) | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | 2,207 | | | (72,967) | | | (3,292) | | | (74,052) | | Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | (272) | | | 14,975 | | | 6,179 | | | 20,882 | |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 0 | | | 0 | | | (187) | | (b) | (187) | | Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | (2) | | (a) | — | | | — | | | (2) | |
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) | Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) | 2,207 | | | (72,967) | | | (3,479) | | | (74,239) | | Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) | (274) | | | 14,975 | | | 6,179 | | | 20,880 | |
Ending balance – March 31, 2020 | $ | (24,906) | | | $ | (140,420) | | | $ | (3,300) | | | $ | (168,626) | | |
Ending balance – March 31, 2022 | | Ending balance – March 31, 2022 | $ | (17,855) | | | $ | (51,414) | | | $ | 6,583 | | | $ | (62,686) | |
(a)For defined benefit pension plans, amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are recorded to “Other income, net” within the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).Income.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(b)For interest rate swaps,derivatives, amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are recorded to “Interest expense, net” within the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).Income.
14.13.Share-Based Compensation
Pre-IPO Awards
Restricted stock distributed in respect of pre-IPO Class B-1 time vesting units vests on a daily basis pro rata over the five-yearfive-year vesting period (20% per year) beginning on the original vesting commencement date of the corresponding Class B-1 time vesting units, subject to the grantee’s continued services through each vesting date. Upon the occurrence of a change in control of the Company, all then outstandingthen-outstanding unvested shares of our common stock distributed in respect of Class B-1 Units will become vested as of the date of consummation of such change in control, subject to the grantee’s continued services through the consummation of the change in control.
Restricted stock distributed in respect of pre-IPO Class B-2 Units (which were considered performance vesting units) are scheduled to vest only upon satisfaction of certain thresholds. These units generally vest as of the first date on which (i) our Sponsors have received actual cash proceeds in an amount equal to or in excess of at least two and one-half times their invested capital in Sotera Health Topco Parent, L.P. (of which the Company was a direct wholly ownedwholly-owned subsidiary prior to the IPO) and (ii) the Sponsors’ internal rate of return exceeds twenty percent, subject to such grantee’s continued services through such date.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
In the event of a change in control of the Company, any outstanding shares of our common stock distributed in respect of Class B-2 Units that remain unvested immediately following the consummation of such a change in control of the Company shall be immediately canceled and forfeited without compensation. Stock basedStock-based compensation expense attributed to the pre-IPO Class B-2 awards was recorded in the fourth quarter of 2020, as the related performance conditions were considered probable of achievement and the implied service conditions were met. As of March 31, 2021,2023, these awards remain unvested.
We recognized $0.7$0.5 million and $1.7$0.6 million of share-based compensation expense related to the pre-IPO Class B-1 awards for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 and 2020,2022, respectively.
A summary of the activity for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 related to the restricted stock awards distributed to the Company service providers in respect of the pre-IPO awards (Class B-1 and B-2 Units) is presented below:
| | | Restricted Stock - Pre- IPO B-1 | | Restricted Stock - Pre- IPO B-2 | | Number of shares |
Unvested at December 31, 2020 | 2,201,239 | | | 2,323,333 | | |
| | | Restricted Stock Pre-IPO B-1 | | Restricted Stock - Pre-IPO B-2 |
Unvested at December 31, 2022 | | Unvested at December 31, 2022 | 716,091 | | | 1,098,415 | |
| Forfeited | Forfeited | (43,361) | | | (254,839) | | Forfeited | (5,378) | | | (19,127) | |
Vested | Vested | (228,862) | | | 0 | | Vested | (86,051) | | | — | |
Unvested at March 31, 2021 | 1,929,016 | | | 2,068,494 | | |
Unvested at March 31, 2023 | | Unvested at March 31, 2023 | 624,662 | | | 1,079,288 | |
2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan
We maintain a long-term incentive plan (the “2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan” or the “2020 Plan”) that allows for grants of incentive stock options to employees (including employees of any of our subsidiaries), nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and other cash-based, equity-based or equity-related awards to employees, directors, and consultants, including employees or consultants of our subsidiaries.
We recognized $2.8recognized $6.8 million ($1.33.1 million for stock options and $1.5$3.7 million for RSUs) and $3.9 million ($1.5 million for stock options and $2.4 million for RSUs) of share-based compensation expense for these awards in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income, (Loss), in “Selling, general and administrative expenses,” for the three months ended March 31, 2021.2023 and 2022, respectively.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Stock Options
Stock options havegenerally vest ratably over a period of two to four-year vesting period, years. They have an exercise price equal to the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of grant, and a contractual term of 10 years. The following table summarizes our stock option activity:
| | | Number of Shares | | Weighted- average Exercise Price | | Number of Shares | | Weighted- average Exercise Price |
At December 31, 2020 | 2,389,258 | | | $ | 23.00 | | |
Outstanding stock options at December 31, 2022 | | Outstanding stock options at December 31, 2022 | 5,990,470 | | | $ | 14.84 | |
Granted | Granted | 20,407 | | | 26.26 | | Granted | 1,044,595 | | | 17.59 | |
Forfeited | Forfeited | (9,316) | | | 23.00 | | Forfeited | (20,325) | | | 21.57 | |
Exercised | Exercised | 0 | | | 0 | | Exercised | — | | | — | |
At March 31, 2021 | 2,400,349 | | | $ | 23.03 | | |
Outstanding stock options at March 31, 2023 | | Outstanding stock options at March 31, 2023 | 7,014,740 | | | $ | 15.23 | |
20As of March 31, 2023, there were 1.4 million vested and exercisable stock options.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
RSUs
RSUs generally vest ratably over a period of one to four years and are valued based on our market price on the date of grant. The following table summarizes our unvested RSUs activity:
| | | Number of Shares | | Weighted- average Grant Date Fair Value | | Number of Shares | | Weighted- average Grant Date Fair Value |
Unvested at December 31, 2020 | 771,276 | | | $ | 23.00 | | |
Unvested at December 31, 2022 | | Unvested at December 31, 2022 | 2,482,435 | | | $ | 13.09 | |
Granted | Granted | 10,851 | | | 26.03 | | Granted | 664,433 | | | 17.59 | |
Forfeited | Forfeited | (24,999) | | | 23.00 | | Forfeited | (42,275) | | | 11.42 | |
Vested | Vested | 0 | | | 0 | | Vested | (189,941) | | | 20.11 | |
Unvested at March 31, 2021 | 757,128 | | | $ | 23.05 | | |
Unvested at March 31, 2023 | | Unvested at March 31, 2023 | 2,914,652 | | | $ | 13.69 | |
15.14.Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Basic earnings (loss) per share represents the amount of income (loss) attributable to each common share outstanding. Diluted earnings (loss) per share represents the amount of income (loss) attributable to each common share outstanding adjusted for the effects of potentially dilutive common shares. Potentially dilutive common shares include stock options and other stock-based awards. In the periods where the effect would be antidilutive, potentially dilutive common shares are excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share.
In periods in which the Company has net income, earnings per share is calculated using the two-class method. This method is required as unvested restricted stock distributed in respect of pre-IPO Class B-1 and B-2 awards have the right to receive non-forfeitable dividends or dividend equivalents if the Company were to declare dividends on its common stock. Pursuant to the two-class method, earnings for each period are allocated on a pro-rata basis to common stockholders and unvested pre-IPO Class B-1 and B-2 restricted stock awards. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the more dilutive of (a) the two-class method, or (b) treasury stock method, as applicable, to the potentially dilutive instruments.
In periods in which the Company has a net loss, the two-class method is not applicable because the pre-IPO Class B-1 and B-2 restricted stock awards do not participate in losses.
Our basic and diluted earnings per common share are calculated as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended |
in thousands of U.S. dollars and share amounts (except per share amounts) | March 31, 2021 | | March 31, 2020 |
Earnings (Loss): | | | |
Net income (loss) | $ | 11,065 | | | $ | (1,986) | |
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | 223 | | | (22) | |
Less: Allocation to participating securities | 157 | | | 0 | |
Net income (loss) attributable to Sotera Health Company common shareholders | $ | 10,685 | | | $ | (1,964) | |
Weighted Average Common Shares: | | | |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic | 278,827 | | | 232,400 | |
Dilutive effect of potential common shares | 141 | | | 0 | |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted(a) | 278,968 | | | 232,400 | |
Earnings (loss) per Common Share: | | | |
Net income (loss) attributable to Sotera Health Company common shareholders - basic | $ | 0.04 | | | $ | (0.01) | |
Net income (loss) attributable to Sotera Health Company common shareholders - diluted | 0.04 | | | (0.01) | |
(a)An additional 2,400,349 and 3,645 equivalent shares related to stock options and RSUs, respectively, issued in connection with the 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan were excluded from the calculation of diluted weighted average common shares outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2021 as they were anti-dilutive. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, there were 0 potentially dilutive common shares outstanding.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended |
in thousands of U.S. dollars and share amounts (except per share amounts) | March 31, 2023 | | March 31, 2022 |
Earnings: | | | |
Net income | $ | 2,842 | | | $ | 30,641 | |
Less: Allocation to participating securities | 18 | | | 338 | |
Net income attributable to Sotera Health Company common shareholders | $ | 2,824 | | | $ | 30,303 | |
Weighted Average Common Shares: | | | |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic | 280,691 | | | 279,829 | |
Dilutive effect of potential common shares | 2,286 | | | 79 | |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted | 282,977 | | | 279,908 | |
Earnings per Common Share: | | | |
Net income attributable to Sotera Health Company common shareholders - basic | $ | 0.01 | | | $ | 0.11 | |
Net income attributable to Sotera Health Company common shareholders - diluted | 0.01 | | | 0.11 | |
Diluted earnings per share does not consider the following potential common shares as the effect would be anti-dilutive:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended |
in thousands of share amounts | March 31, 2023 | | March 31, 2022 |
Stock options | 3,570 | | 2,889 |
RSUs | 492 | | 172 |
Total anti-dilutive securities | 4,062 | | 3,061 |
16.15.Commitments and Contingencies
From time to time, we may be subject to various lawsuits and other claims, as well as gain contingencies, in the ordinary course of our business. In addition, from time to time, we receive communications from government or regulatory agencies concerning investigations or allegations of noncompliance with laws or regulations in jurisdictions in which we operate.
We establish reserves for specific liabilities in connection with regulatory and legal actions that we determine to be both probable and reasonably estimable. NoExcept for the accrual for the Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation settlement in Illinois discussed below, no material amounts have been accrued in our consolidated financial statements with respect to any loss contingencies.contingencies as of March 31, 2023. If a potentially material loss contingency is not probable, but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, together with an estimate of the range of possible loss if determinable and material, would be disclosed. In certain of the matters described below, we are not able to make a reasonable estimate of any liability because of the uncertainties related to the outcome and/or the amount or range of loss. While it is not possible to determine the ultimate disposition of each of these matters, we do not expect that the ultimate resolution of pending regulatory and legal matters in future periods, including the matters described below, will have a material effect on our financial condition, or results of operations.operations or liquidity. Despite the above, the Company may incur material defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other adverse effects on our business, financial condition, or results of operations.
FM Global Business Interruption Claim (NRU Outage)Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation
Nordion, dueSterigenics U.S., LLC and other medical supply sterilization companies have been subjected to personal injury and related tort lawsuits alleging various injuries caused by low-level environmental exposure to EO emissions from sterilization facilities. Those lawsuits, as detailed further below, are individual claims, as opposed to class actions.
Illinois
Approximately 850 plaintiffs have filed lawsuits, and approximately 25 individuals have threatened to file lawsuits, against subsidiaries of the shutdownCompany and other parties, alleging personal injuries including cancer and other diseases, or wrongful death,
Sotera Health Company (FM Global), claiming $25.0 million USD in losses
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
resulting from purported emissions and releases of EO from Sterigenics’ former Willowbrook facility. Additional derivative claims are alleged on behalf of relatives of some of these personal injury plaintiffs. Each plaintiff seeks damages in an amount to be determined by the shutdowntrier of AECL’s reactorfact. The lawsuits were consolidated for pre-trial purposes by the Cook County Circuit Court, Illinois (the “Consolidated Case”). Jury trials were conducted during 2022 in two of the individual cases included in the Consolidated Case, and its inability to supply radioisotopes throughtwelve individual cases were scheduled for trials in 2023. The first trial began on August 12, 2022, and on September 19, 2022, the specified periodjury rendered a verdict in favor of approximately 15 months. FM Global objected to Nordion’s claim.
Trial commenced in March 2019the plaintiff and was completed in September 2019. On March 30, 2020, Nordion received a favorable judgmentawarded damages in the amount of $25.0$358.7 million, USD, plus pre-judgmentincluding $36.1 million of compensatory damages, $320.0 million of punitive damages and $2.6 million of prejudgment interest against Sterigenics U.S., LLC and Sotera Health, LLC (the “Defendant Subsidiaries”). Post-judgment interest accrues on the compensatory and punitive damages awards from September 20, 2022, the date of the judgment order. The Defendant Subsidiaries filed a Motion for Post Trial Relief, which was denied on December 19, 2022. On January 9, 2023 the Defendant Subsidiaries filed a total judgment valueNotice of $39.8 million USD,Appeal to the First District Appellate Court in Illinois, appealing the September 20, 2022 adverse judgment. The deadline for posting an appellate bond or $56.4 million CAD basedproviding an alternate form of security for the appeal was extended to February 8, 2023. The second individual trial began on exchange rates approved byOctober 6, 2022, and on November 18, 2022 the trial court. In addition, costs and disbursements have been assessed and awarded byjury returned a defense verdict on all counts. On January 4, 2023, the trial court in favor of Nordionplaintiff in the approximate amount of $1.1 million CAD ($0.8 million USD) and $161,863 CAD ($0.1 million USD), respectively. On April 27, 2020, FM Global appealedsecond trial filed a motion for post-trial relief seeking an order reversing and/or vacating the judgment. In January 2021, The Insurance Bureau of Canada was granted leave to intervene in the appeal. Hearing before the Court of Appeal was held on April 15, 2021. Pendingverdict, granting a favorablenew trial, and/or entering judgment in the appellateplaintiff’s favor notwithstanding the verdict.
On November 1, 2022 certain plaintiffs in the Consolidated Case filed a lawsuit in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois against the Company and certain affiliates, subsidiaries and current and former officers, alleging that certain transfers of assets occurring after December 2016 were intended to make assets unavailable to satisfy judgments the plaintiffs might win in future trials in their individual personal injury cases included in the Consolidated Case (the “Asset Transfer Case”). On November 10, 2022, the Asset Transfer Case was removed to the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois and all defendants filed answers and affirmative defenses.
On January 9, 2023, the Defendant Subsidiaries (the “Settling Defendants”) entered into binding term sheets (the “Term Sheets”) with the “Plaintiffs’ Executive Committee” (the “PEC”) appointed to act on behalf of the more than 20 law firms (“Plaintiffs’ Counsel”) representing the plaintiffs in the Consolidated Case, the Asset Transfer Case, and other clients with personal injury claims that have not yet been filed (together, the “Eligible Claimants”). Upon entering into the Term Sheets, and based on our assessment of the likelihood that the conditions to the Term Sheets will be satisfied or waived, we concluded that the Settlement was probable and reasonably estimable. Accordingly, the Company recorded a charge of $408.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Term Sheets provide an agreed path to final settlement of the Eligible Claimants’ claims, subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions, including but not limited to the Settling Defendants and the PEC working in good faith to draft and execute full settlement agreements in accordance with the Term Sheets.
On March 28, 2023, the Settling Defendants and the PEC entered into full settlement agreements (the “Settlement Agreements”). The Settlement Agreements provide a pathway to comprehensively resolve the claims pending against the Settling Defendants in Illinois and thereby enable the Company to focus its full attention on operating the business. The Company denies any liability and maintains that its Willowbrook, Illinois operations did not pose a safety risk to the community in which it operated, and believes the evidence and science ultimately would have compelled the rejection of the plaintiffs’ claims. However, years of biased media coverage in the greater Chicago area, the significant costs of posting a large bond in support of the appeal of the first trial verdict and the time and expense that would have been required to continue to contest hundreds of additional lawsuits through a multi-year process in the Illinois court any final proceedssystem led the Company to conclude that resolving the pending Illinois EO cases would be in the best interest of the Company and its stakeholders.
The scope of the settlement includes all claims that have been alleged or could have been alleged by 881 Eligible Claimants related to or arising from alleged emissions of EO from Sterigenics’ operations in or around Willowbrook, Illinois and related claims that have been or could have been alleged by Eligible Claimants seeking to challenge any transfer of assets to or from the Company, its subsidiaries and certain affiliates to any other entity or person (the “Covered Claims”). The Settling Defendants deny any liability for the Covered Claims and, per their express terms, the Settlement Agreements are not to be construed as an admission of liability or that the Company engaged in any wrongful, tortious, or unlawful activity or that use and/or emissions of EO from Sterigenics’ operations in or around Willowbrook, Illinois posed any safety hazard to the surrounding communities.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
If the conditions of the Settlement Agreements are satisfied or waived, among other things, the Eligible Claimants participating in the settlement will release the Company, its subsidiaries and certain affiliates from all Covered Claims and dismiss with prejudice all pending lawsuits and appeals relating to or arising from any Covered Claims. The Settlement Agreements provide that final settlement is conditioned, among other things, on (1) the continuance of the stays of all pending Covered Claims, (2) Plaintiffs’ Counsel obtaining opt-in consent from (i) 99% of all Eligible Claimants represented by the PEC law firms, (ii) 95% of all Eligible Claimants represented by law firms not on the PEC and (iii) 100% of all Eligible Claimants within certain specified subgroups, within 30 days of the date each Eligible Claimant receives all disclosures required by applicable state rules along with their individual settlement allocation (the “Participation Requirement”), which may be extended up to 30 days with the consent of the Settling Defendants, (3) the dismissal with prejudice of the Covered Claims of all Eligible Claimants participating in the settlement, and (4) court approval of the settlement as a good faith settlement under the Illinois Joint Contribution Among Tortfeasors Act. In addition, the Settling Defendants will have the right to elect not to proceed with final settlement of the Covered Claims if it is determined that 40 or more Eligible Claimants do not have valid claims or more than five new lawsuits are filed by Plaintiffs’ Counsel. The Settling Defendants have the right to waive the Participation Requirement and elect to proceed with final settlement, in which case the settlement will be binding only on Eligible Claimants participating in the settlement and providing opt-in consent. The PEC and other Plaintiffs’ Counsel have agreed, subject to postthe exercise of their independent professional judgment, interest, a contingent fee owed to legal counsel and applicable taxes. Asrecommend to their clients that they participate in the judgment is considered a contingent gain, any favorable outcome will be recognized in a future period when all appeals are exhausted. It is anticipated that the overall appeal process could take a year or more to complete.
Willowbrook, Illinois – Government Litigation
settlement. On October 30, 2018, the Illinois Attorney General and the State’s Attorney of DuPage County, Illinois, suedMay 1, 2023, Sterigenics U.S., LLC (the “IAG Action”), allegingcontributed $408.0 million to a settlement escrow fund that authorized EO airwill be used, if the conditions of the Settlement Agreements are satisfied or waived, to pay all settlement fees and expenses and cash payments to the Eligible Claimants participating in the settlement.
On January 11, 2023 and January 13, 2023, the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois entered orders staying all proceedings and deadlines and vacating all trial dates in the Consolidated Case, and staying all enforcement proceedings relating to the September 20, 2022 adverse judgment. On January 16, 2023 the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois entered an order staying all proceedings in the Asset Transfer Case. On January 23, 2023 the First District Appellate Court in Illinois entered an order staying the Settling Defendants’ appeal of the September 20, 2022 adverse judgment.
The final settlement of claims contemplated under the Settlement Agreements may not occur or may not occur for all Eligible Claimants for a number of reasons, including but not limited to, a failure to satisfy the Participation Requirement. If the final settlement occurs, the settlement will not cover unfiled claims of claimants who are represented by lawyers other than Plaintiffs’ Counsel, claims of Eligible Claimants who elect and are permitted by the Participation Requirements to opt out of the settlement, claims for illnesses diagnosed in the future that claimants allege were caused by emissions from a commercial sterilization facility Sterigenics formerly operatedSterigenics’ operations in or around Willowbrook, Illinois, “cause, threaten, or allow air pollution” in violation of the Illinois Environmental Protection Act. The IAG Action did not assert that Sterigenics violated its permitlawsuits alleging injuries from the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (“IEPA”) authorizing Sterigenics’ release of regulated levelsemissions of EO atfrom operations other than those in or around Willowbrook, Illinois, including the Willowbrook facility.previously disclosed lawsuits in Georgia and New Mexico. The Company denies these allegations, intends to defend itself vigorously in all such litigation, and does not believe that the facts and law justify the September 20, 2022 adverse judgment in the first trial in Illinois or, as detailed further below, that the verdict and damage awards in that case are predictive of future EO tort cases in Illinois or other jurisdictions.
On February 15, 2019,23, 2023 the acting IEPA director, John Kim, issuedCompany successfully closed on a “Seal Order” effectively precluding Sterigenics’ operations atnew senior secured Term Loan B facility in an aggregate principal amount of $500.0 million. The Company used the Willowbrook facility based on manyproceeds of this debt financing to fund the $408.0 million settlement described above. Refer to Note 9, “Long-Term Debt” for additional information.
Georgia
Since August 17, 2020, approximately 300 plaintiffs have filed lawsuits against subsidiaries of the same allegations assertedCompany and other parties in the IAG Action. Sterigenics disputed those allegationsState Court of Cobb County, Georgia and opposed the IEPA’s Seal Order. The Seal Order was resolved by a Consent Order enteredState Court of Gwinnett County, Georgia alleging that they suffered personal injuries resulting from emissions of EO from Sterigenics’ Atlanta facility. Additional derivative claims are alleged on September 6, 2019. The Consent Order providedbehalf of relatives of some of these personal injury plaintiffs. Our subsidiaries are also defendants in approximately 160 lawsuits alleging that Sterigenics did not admit the allegationsAtlanta facility has devalued and harmed plaintiffs’ use of real properties they own in the Atlanta, Georgia area and caused other damages. These personal injury and property devaluation plaintiffs seek various forms of relief including damages. All but two of the IAG Action, providedpersonal injury lawsuits pending in Cobb County have been consolidated for the removalpretrial purposes. The Court has entered a phased case management schedule for a “pool” of ten of the Seal Order and allowedconsolidated cases by which threshold general causation issues will be decided in Phase 1, followed by specific causation issues in Phase 2 as to any of the Willowbrook facility to reopen upon implementationpooled cases that survive Phase 1. The Court has stayed the remainder of supplemental emissions control measures consistent with a new law that became effectivethe consolidated personal injury cases pending in Illinois in June 2019Cobb County and an IEPA permit, which the IEPA approved in September 2019. Following entryimmediate appeal of the Consent Order, the Seal Order was withdrawn.
On September 30, 2019, Sterigenics announced the closure of the Willowbrook facility due to the inability to reach an agreement with its landlord to renew the facility’s lease and the unstable legislative and regulatory landscape in Illinois. Sterigenicsa discrete procedural issue is in the process of decommissioning the facility and completing the work requiredbeing pursued by the terms of its lease to return the property to the landlord.defendants. One personal injury
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Oncase is pending in Gwinnett County and is scheduled for trial in October 20, 2020 Sterigenics, the Illinois Attorney General and the State’s Attorney of DuPage County filed a Joint Motion to Terminate Consent Order, stating that the community projects which Sterigenics voluntarily agreed to fund have been completed and funded as required by the Consent Order, and that Sterigenics has permanently ceased operations and surrendered all permits for its operations in Willowbrook, Illinois. On October 27, 2020 the DuPage County Circuit Court entered the Agreed Order Terminating Consent Order.
Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation - Illinois
Since September 2018, tort lawsuits on behalf of approximately 8352023. The remaining personal injury plaintiffs (whichcase and approximately 160 property devaluation cases are further described in the following paragraphs) have beenvarious stages of pleadings and motions practice, and fact discovery.
In January 2023 a personal injury and premises liability case was filed in Illinois state courts against Sotera Health LLC, Sterigenics U.S., LLC, GTCR, LLC and other parties relatedCobb County, Georgia by a delivery driver alleging injuries from purported exposure to Sterigenics’ Willowbrook, Illinois operations. Specifically, those plaintiffs allege that they suffered personal injuries including cancer and other diseases, or wrongful death, resulting from purportedEO emissions and releases of EO fromwhile making deliveries to our Atlanta facility. That case has not been consolidated with the Willowbrook facility. Additional derivative claims are alleged on behalf of other individuals related to these personal injury plaintiffs. Plaintiffs seek damages in an amount to be determined by the trier of fact. Sterigenics denies these allegations and intends to vigorously defend against these claims. Plaintiffs have voluntarily dismissed without prejudice a number of cases since September 2018, including certain individual cases alleging personal injuries and 2 class actions seeking damages for alleged diminution of property values.
Sterigenics sought consolidation of the cases for pretrial purposes, and in October 2019 obtained an order consolidating the then-pending cases and related cases filed in the future before Judge Lawler in the Cook County Circuit Court, Illinois (the “Consolidated Case”). All plaintiffs in the Consolidated Case filed a single Master Complaint on October 24, 2019 by which Sotera Health LLC was added as a co-defendant, followed by a First Amended Master Complaint on January 31, 2020. is not stayed. The court has not yet entered an initial case management order or schedule.
New Mexico
On April 28, 2020, the defendants filed motions to dismiss the claims in the First Amended Master Complaint. On August 17, 2020, the Court entered an order largely denying the motions to dismiss, and the same day plaintiffs filed24, 2023, a Second Amended Master Complaint.
Plaintiffs filed a Third Amended Master Complaint on October 30, 2020 adding Griffith Foods Group, Inc., Griffith Foods, Inc., Griffith Foods International, Inc. and Griffith Foods Worldwide Inc. as defendants. Defendants’ responses to the Third Amended Master Complaint were filed on or about December 1, 2020, including a motion to dismiss by Griffith Foods Group, Inc., Griffith Foods, Inc., Griffith Foods International, Inc. and Griffith Foods Worldwide, Inc. That motion was granted in part on March 16, 2021 and plaintiffs were granted leave to file a Fourth Amended Master Complaint. The Fourth Amended Master Complaint was filed on April 16, 2021, including claims against Griffith Foods International, Inc. but not the other Griffith entities. All defendants’ responses to the Fourth Amended Master Complaint are due by May 14, 2021.
Written and deposition fact discovery is on-going in the Consolidated Case. Currently, there are no dates set for the close of fact discovery, for expert discovery or for dispositive motion practice. Plaintiffs have not yet made any specific damages claims.
Trials in five of the individual cases now included in the Consolidated Case had previously been scheduled to begin in 2021. Based on the Court's administrative orders related to the impact of COVID-19 on jury trials, however, and subject to the Court's discretion to make changes, we anticipate that the earliest any of the individual cases in the Consolidated Case will be tried will be 2022 and that trials will be scheduled in roughly the order in which the individual cases were filed.
Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation – Georgia
On May 19, 2020, a lawsuit against Sotera Health LLC, Sterigenics U.S., LLC and other parties was filed in the StateThird Judicial District Court, of CobbDoña Ana County, GeorgiaNew Mexico against the Company and certain subsidiaries alleging wrongful death caused by 53 employees of a contract sterilization customer of Sterigenics. In the operative complaint, Plaintiffs claim personal injuries resulting from alleged exposure to residual EO while working at the customer’s distribution center in Lithia Springs, Georgia, allege they were unaware that they were being exposed to EO in their workplace and seek damages in an amount to be determined by the trier of fact. Defendants filed motions to dismiss and answers to the Complaint on April 30, 2021. All defendants are being defended and indemnified by Sterigenics’ contract sterilization customer (plaintiffs’ employer and a co-defendant in the lawsuit).
In May 2020, the Cobb County, Georgia Board of Tax Assessors reduced certain residential property value assessments around the Sterigenics Atlanta facility by 10% citing an “Epd-identified environmental issue,” without supporting market data. On
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
August 14, 2020, Sterigenics U.S., LLC filed a lawsuit against members of the Cobb County Board of Tax Assessors in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, seeking a declaration that the reduction in property value assessments is arbitrary and unlawful and is causing Sterigenics reputational and imminent economic harm. On February 5, 2021 the Court issued an order finding that Sterigenics lacks standing to obtain the relief sought and dismissed the case. Sterigenics has appealed that decision to the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals and anticipates that appellate briefing will be completed before the end of August 2021.
Since August 17, 2020, 6 lawsuits against Sotera Health LLC, Sterigenics U.S., LLC and other parties have been filed by plaintiffs in the State Court of Cobb County, Georgia and the State Court of Gwinnett County, Georgia in which plaintiffs allege that they suffered personal injuries and loss of consortium resulting from emissions and releases of EO from Sterigenics’ Atlanta facility. Our subsidiaries are also defendants in lawsuits alleging that the Atlanta facility has devalued and harmed plaintiffs’ use of real properties they own in Smyrna, Georgia and caused other damages. Plaintiffs in these cases seek various forms of relief including damages in amounts to be determined by the trier of fact. Sotera Health LLC filed motions to dismiss in each case on personal jurisdiction grounds. That motion was denied in one case pending in the State Court of Gwinnett County and the other motions remain pending. Sterigenics U.S., LLC and Sotera Health LLC filed a motion to dismiss the strict liability claim in each case. That motion was denied in one case pending in the State Court of Gwinnett County and the other motions remain pending.
Suspension of Georgia Facility Operations & Related Litigation
On August 7, 2019, Sterigenics U.S., LLC entered into a voluntary Consent Order with the Georgia Environmental Protection Division (“EPD”) under which Sterigenics agreed to install emissions reduction enhancements at its Atlanta facility to further reduce the facility’s EO emissions below already permitted levels. Sterigenics voluntarily suspended operations at thesterilization facility in early September 2019Santa Teresa, New Mexico while working at a different company’s facility approximately one mile away. On April 27, 2023 the case was removed to expedite completion of the enhancements. Installation of these enhancements is complete, and Sterigenics successfully tested the enhanced emissions controls in cooperation with EPD during the second quarter of 2020 while the facility was in operation.
In October 2019, while Sterigenics had voluntarily suspended the facility’s operations, Cobb County, Georgia officials asserted that the facility had an incorrect “certificate of occupancy” and could not resume operations without obtaining a new certificate of occupancy after a third-party code compliance review they required.
After the Cobb County officials would not allow Sterigenics to resume operations, on March 30, 2020, Sterigenics U.S., LLC filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia against Cobb County, Georgia and Cobb County officials Nicholas Dawe and Kevin Gobble. In the lawsuit, Sterigenics sought immediate injunctive relief and permanent declaratory relief to resume normal operations of the Atlanta facility in the interest of public health and on the basis that the positions asserted by Cobb County were unfounded. On April 1, 2020 the CourtNew Mexico. The court has not yet entered a Temporary Restraining Order prohibiting Cobb County officials from precludingan initial case management order or interfering with the facility’s normal operations. On April 8, 2020, the Court entered a Consent Order extending the Temporary Restraining Order and allowing the facility to continue normal operations until entry of a final judgment in the case. Defendants filed a motion to dismiss the claims. On November 9, 2020, the Court held a hearing and denied the motion to dismiss. The parties are conducting discovery, which is presently scheduled to end on July 23, 2021. A settlement conference is scheduled to be held by September 27, 2021.schedule.
Ethylene Oxide Litigation – New Mexico Attorney General Litigation
On December 22, 2020, the New Mexico Attorney General filed a lawsuit in the Third Judicial District Court, Doña Ana County, New Mexico (“the Third Judicial District”) against the Company Sterigenics U.S., LLC and othercertain subsidiaries alleging that emissions of EO from Sterigenics U.S., LLC’sSterigenics’ sterilization facility in Santa Teresa, New Mexico constitute a public nuisance and have deteriorated the air quality in Santa Teresa and surrounding communities and materially contributed to increased health risks suffered by residents of those communities. The Complaint asserts claims for public nuisance, negligence, strict liability, violations of New Mexico’s Public Nuisance Statute and Unfair Practices Act and a request forseeks various forms of relief including a temporary restraining order, and preliminary injunctive relief.relief and damages. On June 29, 2021, the Court entered an Order Granting Preliminary Injunction (the “Order”) prohibiting Sterigenics from allowing any uncontrolled emission or release of EO from the facility. On December 28, 202020, 2021 the Court entered an order establishing a protocol to monitor Sterigenics’ compliance with the Order. Operations at the facility continue to be in compliance with the June 2021 and December 2021 orders. A motion challenging the Court’s jurisdiction over Sotera Health Company and another defendant, and a motion for summary judgment by Sterigenics U.S., LLC removedand Sotera Health LLC are pending. A Scheduling Order was entered on September 13, 2022, including a June 3, 2024 trial date.
The Company believes that neither the caseverdict in the first trial in Illinois nor the settlement of the pending and threatened claims in Illinois is predictive of potential future verdicts in other EO tort cases in Illinois or other jurisdictions. The Company intends to defend itself vigorously in all such litigation, which will be presided over by different judges, tried by different counsel presenting different evidence and fact and expert witness testimony at trial, and decided by different juries. Each plaintiff’s claim involves unique facts and evidence, including but not limited to, the United States District Court forcircumstances of the Districtplaintiff’s alleged exposure, the type and severity of New Mexico. On April 13, 2021 the case was remandedplaintiff’s disease and the plaintiff’s medical history and course of treatment. As a result, we believe that loss in such subsequent cases is not probable and it is not possible to estimate the range of loss. Due to the Third Judicial District where Plaintiff’s Emergency Motionuncertainties associated with the amount of any such liability and/or the nature of any other remedy which may be imposed in such litigation, any potential liability determined to be attributable to the Company arising out of such litigation may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, liquidity or financial condition. An estimate of the potential impact on the Company’s results of operations, liquidity or financial condition cannot be made due to the aforementioned uncertainties.
Our insurance for Temporary Restraining Order and Preliminary Injunction has been scheduled for a preliminary injunction hearing on May 26, 2021.
Sotera Health Company
Noteslitigation related to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Emergency Motion does not demand facility closure but seeks an order requiring Defendants to cease any and all uncontrolled emissions or releases of EO from the Santa Teresa facility, including by making certain modifications to sterilization processes at the facility.
* * *
We carry insurance for alleged environmental liabilities, (includinglike the litigation like that pending in Illinois, Georgia and New Mexico described above), withabove, has limits of $10.0 million per occurrence and $20.0 million in the aggregate. The per occurrence limit related to the Willowbrook, government and EO tortIllinois litigation was fully utilized by June 30, 2020. The remaining $10.0 million was fully utilized by March 31, 2023 for occurrences related to the EO litigation in Georgia and New Mexico described above. Our insurance for future alleged environmental liabilities excludes coverage for EO claims.
Additional personal injury, property devaluation orIn addition, we are pursuing other lawsuits may beinsurance coverage for our legal expenses related to the EO tort litigation. In 2021, Sterigenics filed an insurance coverage lawsuit in the future against us or our subsidiariesU.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois relating to Sterigenics’two commercial general liability policies issued in the 1980s. On August 3, 2022, the Court issued a Memorandum Opinion and Order concluding that the insurer owes Sterigenics and another insured party a duty to defend the Willowbrook, Atlanta, Santa TeresaIllinois litigation, which may allow us to recover defense costs related to that litigation.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Sotera Health Company Securities Litigation
On January 24, 2023, a putative stockholder class action was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Ohio against the Company, its directors, certain senior executives, the Company’s private equity stockholders and the underwriters of the Company’s initial public offering (“IPO”) in November 2020 and the Company’s secondary public offering (“SPO”) in March 2021. On April 17, 2023 the court appointed the Oakland County Employees’ Retirement System, Oakland County Voluntary Employees’ Beneficiary Association, and Wayne County Employees’ Retirement System (the “Michigan Funds”) to serve as lead plaintiff to prosecute claims on behalf of a proposed class of stockholders who acquired shares of the Company in connection with our IPO or SPO or between November 20, 2020 and September 19, 2022 (the “Proposed Class”). The Michigan Funds allege that statements made regarding the safety of the Company’s use of EO and/or the litigation and other risks of its EO sterilization facilities.operations violated Sections 11, 12(a)(2) and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933 (when made in the registration statements for the IPO and SPO) and violated Sections 10(b), Section 20(a) and Rule 10b-5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (when made in subsequent securities filings and other contexts). The Michigan Funds seek damages and other relief on behalf of the Proposed Class. The Company Sterigenics U.S., LLCbelieves that these claims are without merit and other Company subsidiaries intendplans to defend themselves vigorously in all such current or future EO litigation.
While an adverse outcome in one or more of the proceedings could havemount a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, no contingency reserve has been reflected in our consolidated financial statements as a loss is not deemed probable, nor is a loss or range of losses reasonably estimable.vigorous defense.
17.16.Financial Instruments and Financial Risk
Derivative Instruments
We do not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes and are not a party to leveraged derivatives.
Derivatives Designated in Hedge Relationships
DuringFrom time to time, the third quarterCompany utilizes interest rate derivatives designated in hedge relationships to manage interest rate risk associated with our variable rate borrowings. These instruments are measured at fair value with changes in fair value recorded as a component of 2019,“Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
In March 2023, we entered into 2an interest rate swap agreements to hedge our exposure toagreement with a notional amount of $400.0 million. The interest rate movementsswap has a forward start date of August 23, 2023 and to manage interest expense related to our then outstanding variable-rate debt. The notional amount ofexpires on August 23, 2025. We have designated the interest rate swap as a cash flow hedge designed to hedge the variability of cash flows attributable to changes in the SOFR benchmark interest rate of our 2023 Term Loan. We receive interest at the one-month Term SOFR rate and pay a fixed interest rate under the terms of the swap agreement.
In May 2022, we entered into two interest rate cap agreements totaledwith a combined notional amount of $1,000.0 million for a total option premium of $4.1 million. The interest rate caps have a forward start date of July 31, 2023 and expire on July 31, 2024. We have designated these interest rate caps as cash flow hedges designed to hedge the variability of cash flows attributable to changes in the benchmark interest rate of our Term Loan. Under the current terms of the loan agreement, the benchmark interest rate index is expected to transition from LIBOR to the term SOFR at the earlier of June 30, 2023 or the Company's election to “early opt-in” to SOFR. Accordingly, the interest rate cap agreements hedge the variability of cash flows attributable to changes in SOFR by limiting our cash flow exposure related to the term SOFR under a portion of our variable rate borrowings to 3.5%.
In October 2021, we entered into two interest rate cap agreements with a combined notional amount of $1,000.0 million for a total option premium of $1.8 million. Both interest rate caps have a forward start date of December 31, 2022 and expire on July 31, 2023. These swaps wereinterest rate caps are designated as cash flow hedges and wereare designed to hedge the variability of cash flows attributable to changes in LIBOR (or its successor), the benchmark interest rate being hedged. We received interest at one-month LIBOR and paid a fixed interest rate under the terms of the swap agreement. The swap agreements terminated on August 31, 2020.
Derivatives Not Designated in Hedge Relationships
In October 2017, we entered into 2 interest rate cap agreements with a total notional amount of $400.0 million for a total option premium of $0.6 million; these agreements terminated on September 30, 2020. The interest rate caps limited the Company’s cash flow exposure related to LIBOR under the variable rate Term Loan borrowings to 3.0%.
In June 2020, SHH entered into 2 interest rate cap agreements with notional amounts of $1,000.0 million and $500.0 million, respectively, for a total option premium of $0.3 million. These instruments were initially scheduled to terminate on August 31, 2021 and February 28, 2022, respectively. The interest rate caps limithedged, by limiting our cash flow exposure related to the LIBOR base rate under a portion of our variable rate borrowings to 1.0%. In February 2021, we amended
Derivatives Not Designated in Hedge Relationships
Additionally, from time to time, the 2Company enters into interest rate cap agreements referenced above to reduce the strike rate from 1.0% to 0.5%, and extend the termination date of the $1,000.0 million notional cap to September 30, 2021. Premiums paid to amend the interest rate caps were immaterial. We also entered into 2 additional interest rate cap agreements in February 2021 with a combined notional amount of $1,000.0 million, for a total option premium of $0.4 million. These instruments are effective September 30, 2021, and will terminate on March 31, 2022. The amended and new interest rate caps limit our cash flow exposure related to LIBOR under a portion of our variable rate borrowings to 0.5%.
The interest rate caps were entered into to manage economic risks associated with our variable rate borrowings but werethat are not designated in hedge relationships. These instruments are recorded at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, with any changes in the value being recorded in “Interest expense, net” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).Income.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company also enteredroutinely enters into foreign currency forward contracts to manage foreign currency exchange rate risk of our intercompany loans in certain of our international subsidiaries. The foreign currency forward contracts expire on a monthly basis. The fair value of the outstanding foreign currency forward contracts was 0 as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
Embedded Derivatives
We have embedded derivatives in certain of our customer and supply contracts as a result of the currency of the contract being different from the functional currency of the parties involved. Changes in the fair value of the embedded derivatives are recognized in “Other income, net” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).Income.
The following table provides a summary of the notional and fair values of our derivative instruments:
| | | March 31, 2021 | | December 31, 2020 | | March 31, 2023 | | December 31, 2022 |
(in U.S. Dollars; notional in millions, fair value in thousands) | (in U.S. Dollars; notional in millions, fair value in thousands) | | Fair Value | | | Fair Value | (in U.S. Dollars; notional in millions, fair value in thousands) | | Fair Value | | | Fair Value |
| | Notional Amount | | Derivative Assets | | Derivative Liabilities | | Notional Amount | | Derivative Assets | | Derivative Liabilities | | Notional Amount | | Derivative Assets | | Derivative Liabilities | | Notional Amount | | Derivative Assets | | Derivative Liabilities |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | | Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | | | |
Interest rate caps | | Interest rate caps | $ | 2,000.0 | | (a) | $ | 24,129 | | | — | | | $ | 2,000.0 | | | $ | 34,764 | | | — | |
Interest rate swaps | | Interest rate swaps | 400.0 | | (b) | — | | | 2,387 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | | | | Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | |
Interest rate caps | $ | 2,500.0 | | | $ | 9 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 1,500.0 | | | $ | 7 | | | $ | 0 | | |
| Foreign currency forward contracts | | Foreign currency forward contracts | 154.8 | | | 33 | | | 23 | | | 151.5 | | | — | | | 272 | |
Embedded derivatives | Embedded derivatives | 77.7 | | (a) | 403 | | | 229 | | | 83.3 | | | 0 | | | 670 | | Embedded derivatives | 172.5 | | (c) | 2,507 | | | 3,524 | | | 179.9 | | | 2,721 | | | 3,508 | |
Total | Total | $ | 2,577.7 | | | $ | 412 | | | $ | 229 | | | $ | 1,583.3 | | | $ | 7 | | | $ | 670 | | Total | $ | 2,727.3 | | | $ | 26,669 | | | $ | 5,934 | | | $ | 2,331.4 | | | $ | 37,485 | | | $ | 3,780 | |
(a)$1,000.0 million notional amount of interest rate caps designated as hedging instruments have a forward start date beginning on July 31, 2023.
(b)The notional amount of interest rates swaps designated as hedging instruments reflected in the table above has a forward start date beginning on August 23, 2023.
(c)Represents the total notional amounts for certain of the Company’s supply and sales contracts accounted for as embedded derivatives.
TheEmbedded derivative assets and liabilities, interest rate caps and embedded derivative assetsinterest rate swaps are included in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets”, “Other assets”, and “Noncurrent liabilities” respectively, on our consolidated balance sheets.Consolidated Balance Sheets depending upon their position at period end. Embedded derivative liabilities are included in “Accrued liabilities” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The following tablestable summarize the activities of our derivative instruments for the periods presented, and the line item in which they are recorded in in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss):Income:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | | | |
Three Months March 31, | 2021 | | 2020 |
Unrealized loss on interest rate caps recorded in interest expense, net | $ | 90 | | | $ | 0 | |
Unrealized (gain) loss on embedded derivatives recorded in other income, net | (853) | | | 4,819 | |
| | | |
Realized gain on foreign currency forward contracts recorded in foreign exchange (gain) loss | (2,374) | | | 0 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | | | |
Three Months Ended March 31, | 2023 | | 2022 |
Unrealized gain on interest rate derivatives recorded in interest expense, net | $ | — | | | $ | (6,346) | |
Unrealized loss (gain) on embedded derivatives recorded in other income, net | 227 | | | (1,018) | |
Realized gain on interest rate derivatives recorded in interest expense, net(a) | (9,648) | | | — | |
Realized loss (gain) on foreign currency forward contracts recorded in foreign exchange (gain) loss | 449 | | | (1,530) | |
In addition, during(a)For the three months ended March 31, 2020, we2023, amounts represent quarterly settlement of interest rate caps.
The following table summarizes the net gains (losses) on our cash flow hedges recognized $3.5in “Other comprehensive income (loss)” during the period:
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | | | |
Three Months Ended March 31, | 2023 | | 2022 |
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate derivatives recorded in other comprehensive income | $ | (3,372) | | | $ | 6,179 | |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to interest expense | (9,275) | | | $ | — | |
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) | $ | (12,647) | | | $ | 6,179 | |
We expect to reclassify approximately$16.7 million of losses, net of tax, ingains on derivative instruments from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to income during the change in fair value of the interest rate swaps.next 12 months associated with our cash flow hedges.
Credit Risk
Certain of our financial assets, including cash and cash equivalents, are exposed to credit risk.
We are also exposed, in our normal course of business, to credit risk from our customers. As of March 31, 20212023 and December 31, 2020,2022, accounts receivable was net of an allowance for uncollectible accounts of $0.6$2.6 million and $0.7$1.9 million, respectively.
Credit risk on financial instruments arises from the potential for counterparties to default on their contractual obligations to us. We are exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance, but do not anticipate non-performance by any of the counterparties to our financial instruments. We limit our credit risk by dealing with counterparties that are considered to be of
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
high credit quality. In the event of non-performance by counterparties, the carrying value of our financial instruments represents the maximum amount of loss that would be incurred.
Our credit team evaluates and regularly monitors changes in the credit risk of our customers. We routinely assess the collectability of accounts receivable and maintain an adequate allowance for uncollectible accounts to address potential credit losses. The process includes a review of customer financial information and credit ratings, current market conditions as well as the expected future economic conditions that may impact the collection of trade receivables. We regularly review our customers’ past due amounts through an analysis of aged accounts receivables, specific customer past due aging amounts, and the history of trade receivables written off. Upon concluding that a receivable balance is not collectible, the balance is written off against the allowance for uncollectible accounts.
Fair Value Hierarchy
The fair value of our financial instruments is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The valuation techniques we would use to determine such fair values are described as follows: Level 1—fair values determined by inputs utilizing quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2—fair values based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable; Level 3—fair values determined by unobservable inputs reflecting our own assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table discloses the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
As of March 31, 2021 | | | Fair Value |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Carrying Amount | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments(a) | | | | | | | |
Interest rate caps | $ | 9 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 9 | | | $ | 0 | |
Embedded derivative assets | 403 | | | 0 | | | 403 | | | 0 | |
Embedded derivative liabilities | (229) | | | 0 | | | (229) | | | 0 | |
Long-Term Debt(b) | | | | | | | |
Term loan, due 2026 | 1,740,071 | | | 0 | | | 1,760,896 | | | 0 | |
Senior notes, due 2026 | 96,458 | | | 0 | | | 97,587 | | | 0 | |
Other long-term debt | 1,051 | | | 0 | | | 1,051 | | | 0 | |
Finance Lease Obligations (with current portion)(c) | 34,540 | | | 0 | | | 34,540 | | | 0 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
As of March 31, 2023 | | | Fair Value |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Carrying Amount | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments(a) | | | | | | | |
Interest rate caps | $ | 24,129 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 24,129 | | | $ | — | |
Interest rate swaps | 2,387 | | | — | | | 2,387 | | | — | |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments(b) | | | | | | | |
Foreign currency forward contract assets | 33 | | | — | | | 33 | | | — | |
Foreign currency forward contract liabilities | 23 | | | — | | | 23 | | | — | |
Embedded derivative assets | 2,507 | | | — | | | 2,507 | | | — | |
Embedded derivative liabilities | 3,524 | | | — | | | 3,524 | | | — | |
Current portion of long-term debt | | | | | | | |
Term loan B, due 2026 | 3,583 | | | — | | | 3,694 | | | — | |
Other long-term debt(c) | 448 | | | — | | | 448 | | | — | |
Long-Term Debt(d) | | | | | | | |
Term loan, due 2026 | 1,748,221 | | | — | | | 1,694,868 | | | — | |
Term loan B, due 2026 | 474,112 | | | — | | | 488,806 | | | — | |
Finance Lease Obligations (with current portion)(e) | 70,323 | | | — | | | 70,323 | | | — | |
| As of December 31, 2020 | | Fair Value | |
As of December 31, 2022 | | As of December 31, 2022 | | Fair Value |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Carrying Amount | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Carrying Amount | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 |
| Derivatives designated as hedging instruments(a) | | Derivatives designated as hedging instruments(a) | | | | | | | |
Interest rate caps | | Interest rate caps | $ | 34,764 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 34,764 | | | $ | — | |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments(a)(b) | Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments(a)(b) | | | | | | | | Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments(a)(b) | |
Interest rate caps | $ | 7 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 7 | | | $ | 0 | | |
Foreign currency forward contracts | | Foreign currency forward contracts | 272 | | | — | | | 272 | | | — | |
Embedded derivative assets | | Embedded derivative assets | 2,721 | | | — | | | 2,721 | | | — | |
Embedded derivative liabilities | Embedded derivative liabilities | (670) | | | 0 | | | (670) | | | 0 | | Embedded derivative liabilities | 3,508 | | | — | | | 3,508 | | | — | |
Long-Term Debt(b) | | |
Current portion of long-term debt(c) | | Current portion of long-term debt(c) | |
Revolving credit facility | | Revolving credit facility | 196,672 | | | — | | | $ | 196,672 | | | — | |
Other long-term debt | | Other long-term debt | 447 | | | — | | | $ | 447 | | | — | |
Long-Term Debt(d) | | Long-Term Debt(d) | |
Term loan, due 2026 | Term loan, due 2026 | 1,728,018 | | | 0 | | | 1,772,180 | | | 0 | | Term loan, due 2026 | 1,747,115 | | | — | | | 1,626,460 | | | — | |
Senior notes, due 2026 | 96,329 | | | 0 | | | 99,863 | | | 0 | | |
Other long-term debt | 442 | | | 0 | | | 442 | | | 0 | | |
Finance Lease Obligations (with current portion)(c) | 36,112 | | | 0 | | | 36,112 | | | 0 | | |
Finance Lease Obligations (with current portion)(e) | | Finance Lease Obligations (with current portion)(e) | 58,677 | | | — | | | 58,677 | | | — | |
(a)Derivatives designated as hedging instruments are measured at fair value with changes in fair value recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Interest rate caps and swaps are valued using pricing models that incorporate observable market inputs, including interest rate and yield curves.
(b)Derivatives that are not designated as hedging instruments are measured at fair value with gains or losses recognized immediately in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). Interest rate caps are valued using pricing models that incorporate observable market inputs including interest rate and yield curves.Income. Embedded derivatives are valued using internally developed models that rely on observable market inputs, including foreign currency forward curves. Foreign currency forward contracts are valued by reference to changes in the forward foreign currency exchange rate over the life of the contract.
(b)(c)Carrying value of other long-term debt and revolving credit facility approximates fair value.
(d)Carrying amounts of long-term debt instruments are reported net of discounts and debt issuance costs. The estimated fair value of these instruments is based on informationquoted prices for the term loans due in 2026 in inactive markets as provided by the agent under the Company’s senior secured credit facility.an independent fixed income security pricing service. Fair value approximates carrying value for “Other long-term debt.”
(c)(e)Fair value approximates carrying value.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
18.17.Segment Information
We identify our operating segments based on the way we manage, evaluate and internally report our business activities for purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance. We have 3three reportable segments: Sterigenics, Nordion and Nelson Labs. We have determined our reportable segments based upon an assessment of organizational structure, service types, and internally prepared financial statements. Our chief operating decision makerdecision-maker evaluates performance and allocates resources based on net revenues and segment income after the elimination of intercompany activities. The accounting policies of our reportable segments are the same as those described in Note 1, “Significant Accounting Policies” of our 2020the Company's annual consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes on Form 10-K.10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Sterigenics
The Sterigenics segment provides outsourced terminal sterilization and irradiation services for the medical device, pharmaceutical, food safety and advanced applications markets.markets using three major technologies: gamma irradiation, EO processing and E-beam irradiation.
Nordion
Nordion is a leading global provider of Co-60 used in the sterilization and irradiation processes for the medical device, pharmaceutical, food safety, and high-performance materials industries, as well as in the treatment of cancer. In addition, Nordion is a leading global provider of gamma irradiators, which are key components to the gamma sterilization process.irradiation systems.
Nelson Labs
Nelson Labs provides outsourced microbiological and analytical chemistry testing and advisory services for the medical device and biopharmaceuticalpharmaceutical industries.
For the three months ended March 31, 2021, three2023, two customers reported within the Nordion segment individually represented 10% or more of the segment’s total net revenues. These customers represented 23.7%, 20.0%,54.6% and 12.2%11.3% of the total segment’s external net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021.2023. The high concentration of revenues from these customers mainly stems from the low sales volume pattern in the three months ended March 31, 2023. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, two2022, five customers reported within the Nordion segment individually represented 10% or more of the segment's total net revenues. These customers represented 18.7%15.7%, 14.4%, 13.9%, 12.2%, and 11.6%11.9% of the total segment's external net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2020.2022.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 |
| Sterigenics | | Nordion | | Nelson Labs | | Consolidated |
Net revenues(a) | $ | 131,151 | | | $ | 25,918 | | | $ | 55,079 | | | $ | 212,148 | |
Segment income(b) | 68,461 | | | 13,786 | | | 23,070 | | | 105,317 | |
Capital expenditures | 19,514 | | | 489 | | | 939 | | | 20,942 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 |
| Sterigenics | | Nordion | | Nelson Labs | | Consolidated |
Net revenues(a) | $ | 117,280 | | | $ | 23,625 | | | $ | 47,295 | | | $ | 188,200 | |
Segment income(b) | 61,091 | | | 13,022 | | | 17,770 | | | 91,883 | |
Capital expenditures | 10,940 | | | 1,234 | | | 815 | | | 12,989 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2023 | | 2022 |
Segment revenues(a) | | | |
Sterigenics | $ | 159,997 | | | $ | 149,462 | |
Nordion | 8,551 | | | 34,002 | |
Nelson Labs | 52,042 | | | 53,290 | |
Total net revenues | $ | 220,590 | | | $ | 236,754 | |
Segment income(b) | | | |
Sterigenics | $ | 82,840 | | | $ | 79,403 | |
Nordion | 1,526 | | | 18,903 | |
Nelson Labs | 14,102 | | | 17,043 | |
Total segment income | $ | 98,468 | | | $ | 115,349 | |
(a)Revenues are reported net of intersegment sales. Our Nordion segment recognized $10.5$2.9 million and $10.9$15.5 million in revenues from sales to our Sterigenics segment for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 and 2020,2022, respectively, that is not reflected in net revenues in the table above. Intersegment sales for Sterigenics and Nelson Labs are immaterial for both periods.
(b)Segment income is only provided on a net basis to the chief operating decision makerdecision-maker and is reported net of intersegment profits.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Corporate operating expenses for executive management, accounting, information technology, legal, human resources, treasury, investor relations, corporate development, tax, purchasing, and marketing not directly incurred by a segment are allocated to the segments based on total net revenue. Corporate operating expenses that are directly incurred by a segment are reflected in each segment’s income.
Capital expenditures by segment for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2023 | | 2022 |
Sterigenics | $ | 30,877 | | | $ | 25,221 | |
Nordion | 10,545 | | | 7,090 | |
Nelson Labs | 3,578 | | | 3,235 | |
Total capital expenditures | $ | 45,000 | | | $ | 35,546 | |
Total assets and depreciation and amortization expense by segment are not readily available and are not reported separately to the chief operating decision maker.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
decision-maker.A reconciliation of segment income to consolidated income (loss) before taxes is as follows:
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended March 31, |
Three Months Ended March 31, | 2021 | | 2020 | |
| | | 2023 | | 2022 |
Segment income | Segment income | $ | 105,317 | | | $ | 91,883 | | Segment income | $ | 98,468 | | | $ | 115,349 | |
Less adjustments: | Less adjustments: | | Less adjustments: | |
Interest expense, net(a) | Interest expense, net(a) | 21,282 | | | 56,562 | | Interest expense, net(a) | 26,540 | | | 16,750 | |
Depreciation and amortization(a)(b) | Depreciation and amortization(a)(b) | 37,661 | | | 36,023 | | Depreciation and amortization(a)(b) | 39,538 | | | 36,049 | |
Share-based compensation(b)(c) | Share-based compensation(b)(c) | 3,449 | | | 1,725 | | Share-based compensation(b)(c) | 7,348 | | | 4,538 | |
| (Gain) loss on foreign currency and embedded derivatives(c) | (336) | | | 4,267 | | |
Acquisition and divestiture related charges, net(d) | (185) | | | 994 | | |
Business optimization project expenses(e) | 261 | | | 1,049 | | |
Plant closure expenses(f) | 542 | | | 771 | | |
Loss on extinguishment of debt(g) | 14,312 | | | 0 | | |
Professional services relating to EO sterilization facilities(h) | 13,399 | | | 4,146 | | |
Gain on foreign currency and derivatives not designated as hedging instruments, net(d) | | Gain on foreign currency and derivatives not designated as hedging instruments, net(d) | 535 | | | (6,552) | |
Acquisition and divestiture related charges, net(e) | | Acquisition and divestiture related charges, net(e) | 592 | | | (160) | |
Business optimization project expenses(f) | | Business optimization project expenses(f) | 2,534 | | | 104 | |
Plant closure expenses(g) | | Plant closure expenses(g) | (895) | | | 671 | |
Professional services and other expenses relating to EO sterilization facilities(h) | | Professional services and other expenses relating to EO sterilization facilities(h) | 16,302 | | | 18,059 | |
Accretion of asset retirement obligation(i) | Accretion of asset retirement obligation(i) | 551 | | | 490 | | Accretion of asset retirement obligation(i) | 572 | | | 520 | |
COVID-19 expenses(j) | COVID-19 expenses(j) | 299 | | | 76 | | COVID-19 expenses(j) | — | | | 103 | |
Consolidated income (loss) before taxes | $ | 14,082 | | | $ | (14,220) | | |
Consolidated income before taxes | | Consolidated income before taxes | $ | 5,402 | | | $ | 45,267 | |
(a)The three months ended March 31, 2023 excludes $2.3 million of interest expense, net on Term Loan B attributable to the loan proceeds that were used to fund the $408.0 million Illinois EO litigation settlement. The three months ended March 31, 2022 excludes a $6.3 million net increase in the fair value of interest rate derivatives not designated as hedging instruments recorded to interest expense.
(b)Includes depreciation of Co-60 held at gamma irradiation sites.
(b)(c)Represents non-cash share-based compensation expense.expense to employees and Non-Employee Directors.
(c)(d)Represents the effects of (i) fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily related to remeasurement of intercompany loans denominated in currencies other than subsidiaries’ functional currencies, and (ii) non-cash mark-to-fair value of embedded derivatives relating to certain customer and supply contracts at Nordion.Nordion, and (iii) unrealized gains on interest rate caps not designated as hedging instruments.
(d)(e)Represents (i) certain direct and incremental costs related to the acquisitions of RCA and BioScience in 2021, Iotron in July 2020 and Nelson Labs Fairfield in 2018 (including the first quarter 2021 gain on the mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interest as described in Note 4, “Acquisitions”), and certain related integration efforts as a result of those acquisitions, (ii) the earnings impact of fair value adjustments (excluding those recognized within amortization expense) resulting from the businesses acquired, and (iii) transition services income and non-cash deferred lease income associated with the terms of the divestiture of the Medical Isotopes business in 2018.
(e)(f)Represents professional fees, contract termination and exit costs, severance and other payroll costs, and other costs associated with business optimization and cost savings projects relating to the integration of Nelson Labs, the Sotera Health rebranding,acquisitions, operating structure realignment and other process enhancement projects.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(g)Represents professional fees, severance and other payroll costs, and other costs, including ongoing lease and utility expenses associated with the closure of the Willowbrook, Illinois facility.
(g)Represents expenses incurred The three months ended March 31, 2023 includes a $1.0 million cancellation fee received from a tenant in connection with the repricingtermination of our Term Loan in January 2021 including accelerated amortization of prior debt issuance and discount costs.an office space lease at the Nordion facility.
(h)Represents litigation and other professional fees related to litigation associated with our EO sterilization facilitiesfacilities. This amount also includes $2.3 million of interest expense, net associated with Term Loan B that was issued to finance the $408.0 million cost to settle 880+ pending and other related professional fees.threatened EO claims against the Settling Defendants in Illinois under Settlement Agreements entered into on March 28, 2023, subject to substantially all of the plaintiffs providing opt-in consents to their individual settlement allocations and dismissing their claims with prejudice. See Note 16,15, “Commitments and Contingencies”.
(i)Represents non-cash accretion of asset retirement obligations related to Co-60 and gamma processing facilities, which are based on estimated site remediation costs for any future decommissioning of these facilities (without regard for whether the decommissioning services would be performed by employees of Nordion, instead of by a third party) and are accreted over the life of the asset.
(j)Represents non-recurring costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, including incremental costs to implement workplace health and safety measures.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
You should read the following discussion and analysis in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as the audited consolidated financial statements and notes and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in our 20202022 Form 10-K. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that are based on management’s current expectations, estimates and projections about our business and operations. Our actual results may differ materially from those currently anticipated and expressed in such forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including the factors we describe in the section entitled Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our 20202022 Form 10-K.
OVERVIEW
We are a leading global provider of mission-critical end-to-end sterilization andsolutions, lab testing and advisory services tofor the medical device and pharmaceutical industries.healthcare industry. We are driven by our mission: Safeguarding Global Health®. We provide end-to-end sterilization as well as microbiological and analytical lab testing and advisory services to help ensure that medical, pharmaceutical and food products are safe for healthcare practitioners, patients and consumers in the United States and around the world. Our services are an essential aspect of our customers’ manufacturing process and supply chains, helping to ensure sterilized medical products reach healthcare practitioners and patients. Most of these services are necessary for our customers to satisfy applicable government requirements.
We serve our customers throughout their product lifecycles, from product design to manufacturing and delivery, helping to ensure the sterility, effectiveness and safety of their products for the end user. We operate across two core businesses: sterilization services and lab services. The combination of Sterigenics, our terminal sterilization business, and Nordion, our Co-60 supply business, makes us the only vertically integrated global gamma sterilization provider in the sterilization industry. For financial reporting purposes, our sterilization services business consists of two reportable segments, Sterigenics and Nordion, and our lab services business consists of one reportable segment, Nelson Labs.
For the three months ended March 31, 2021,2023, we recorded net revenues of $212.1$220.6 million, net income of $11.1$2.8 million, Adjusted Net Income of $51.5$38.0 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $105.3$98.5 million. For the definition of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA and the reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures from net income, (loss), please see “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENTS AND KEY FACTORS AFFECTING OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following summarizes strategic developments and key factors that have underpinnedimpacted our operating results for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 and may continue to affect our performance and financial condition in future periods.
•Driving organic growthBusiness and market conditions. DuringRevenue and net income for the three months ended March 31, 2021, we continued2023 declined from the same quarter of the prior year, mainly driven by expected Nordion Co-60 harvest schedule timing, an unfavorable mix and lower volumes at Sterigenics and Nelson Labs that are typically experienced in the first quarter of the fiscal year. We expect Nordion Co-60 harvest schedules to make investmentsbe uneven for the remainder of 2023 and the financial contribution from Sterigenics and Nelson Labs to expand capacity and implement EO facility enhancementsincrease for the remainder of 2023.
As discussed in more detail in our Sterigenics business2022 Form 10-K, a portion of our supply of Co-60 is generated by Russian nuclear reactors. We continue to monitor the potential for disruption in the supply of Co-60 from Russian nuclear reactors but we do not expect a material impact for the remainder of 2023 on our supply or revenue.
•Investment initiatives. We remain focused on investments in capacity expansions and expand our cobalt development resourcesfacility improvements, as well as in our Nordion business. In addition,efforts to strengthen our Co-60 supply chain. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, we continueincreased capital expenditures by $9.5 million compared to expand capacity to meet demand for microbiological testing and extractables and leachables testing in our Nelson Labs business.the three months ended March 31, 2022.
•Disciplined and strategic M&A activityactivity.. We remain committed to our highly disciplined acquisition strategy and continue to pursue strategic acquisitions to grow our footprint and expand our capabilities. On March 8, 2021, we acquired BioScience Laboratories, LLC (“BioScience”) with one location in Bozeman, Montana for approximately $13.2 million, net of $0.8 million of cash acquired plus the repayment of BioScience's outstanding debt of $1.9 million. BioScience is a provider of outsourced topical antimicrobial product testing in the pharmaceutical, medical device, and consumer products industries. BioScience’s expertise in analytical testing and clinical trial services will complement Nelson Labs’ existing strengths in antimicrobial and virology testing. On February 8, 2021, we entered into binding agreements to purchase the outstanding noncontrolling interests of 15% and 33% of our two China subsidiaries, respectively, for a total purchase price of $8.6 million. The purchase transactions are expected to close in the second quarter of 2021. In addition, on March 11, 2021, we completed theseek suitable acquisition of the remaining 15% ownership of Nelson Labs Fairfield for $12.4 million. Pursuant to the terms of the transaction, we acquired 85% of the equity interests of Nelson Labs Fairfield in August 2018 and were required to acquire the 15% noncontrolling interest within three years from the date of the acquisition. In July 2020, we acquired Iotron Industries Canada, Inc. (“Iotron”), an E-beam processing services and equipment provider.targets.
•BorrowingsLitigation costs. We are currently the subject of tort lawsuits alleging personal injury by purported exposure to EO emitted by our former facility in Willowbrook, Illinois and financing costs. A combination of lower outstanding borrowingscurrent facilities in Atlanta, Georgia and reduced pricing on our debt resultedSanta Teresa, New Mexico. In addition, we are defendants in a reductionlawsuit brought by the State of New Mexico Attorney General alleging that emissions of EO from our Santa Teresa facility constitute a public nuisance and materially contributed to increased health risks suffered by residents in cash interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2021 comparedarea. We maintain that our former Willowbrook, Illinois operations and current Atlanta, Georgia and Santa Teresa, New Mexico operations did not pose and do not pose any safety risk to the threetheir surrounding communities. We deny these allegations and are vigorously defending against these claims.
months ended March 31, 2020. On January 20, 2021 we amended our Term Loan to reduce the interest rate spread over LIBOR from 4.50% to 2.75%, and the LIBOR floor from 1.00% to 0.50%. The changes resulted in an effective reduction in current interest rates of 2.25%. We expect the amendment to provide additional cash interest savings of approximately $40.0 million per year based on the outstanding principal balance as of the date of the amendment. Interest savings in 2021 will be offset by cash and non-cash charges associated with the repricing amendment. In connection with this transaction, we wrote off approximately $11.3 million in debt issuance costs and debt discounts and incurred approximately $2.9 million in costs directly related to the refinancing transaction. In addition, on March 26, 2021, we amended our Revolving Credit Facility to reduce the interest rate spread over LIBOR applicable to revolving loans from 3.50% to 2.75%.
•Impacts of our IPO. As a newly public company, we continue to incur certain expenses on an ongoing basis that we did not incur as a private company including third-party and internal resources related to accounting, auditing, Sarbanes-Oxley Act compliance, legal, and investor and public relations expenses. These costs are primarily classified as selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses. We continue to dedicate internal resources, hire additional personnel, and engage outside consultants to assess and document the adequacy of internal controls over financial reporting. In addition, we incurred costs related to a secondary offering of 25 million shares of our common stock offered by selling stockholders, which included certain affiliates of Warburg Pincus LLC and GTCR, LLC as well as certain current and former members of management of the Company.
•Exit activities and litigation costs. In connection with the ongoing litigation related to our Willowbrook, Illinois, Atlanta, Georgia and Santa Teresa, New Mexico facilities, as described in Note 16,15, “Commitments and Contingencies”, we recorded costs of $13.4$14.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 relating2023.
On January 9, 2023, Sterigenics U.S., LLC and Sotera Health LLC (the "Settling Defendants") entered into binding term sheets and on March 28, 2023 the Settling Defendants entered into full agreements to legalsettle approximately 880 pending and other professional service costs, as well as $0.5 million relatedthreatened EO claims against the Defendant Subsidiaries in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois, and U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (the “Settlement Agreements”). On May 1, 2023, pursuant to the closureSettlement Agreements, the Company paid $408.0 million into a settlement escrow fund to settle the claims, subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions, including but not limited to substantially all of the plaintiffs providing opt-in consents to their individual settlement allocations and dismissing their claims with prejudice. The Settlement Agreements provide a pathway to comprehensively resolve the claims pending and threatened against the Company in Illinois and thereby enable the Company to focus its attention on operating the business. The Company denies any liability and maintains that its Willowbrook, Illinois facility.operations did not pose a safety risk to the community in which it operated and believes the evidence ultimately would have compelled the rejection of the plaintiffs’ claims. See Note 15, “Commitments and Contingencies” to our consolidated financial statements.
•Impact of COVID-19 pandemicBorrowings, financing costs and financial leverage. We remain subjectOn February 23, 2023 the Company successfully closed on a new senior secured Term Loan B facility in an aggregate principal amount of $500.0 million. The Company used the proceeds of this debt to riskspay down existing borrowings under the Company’s revolving credit facility and uncertainties as a resultfund the $408.0 million EO litigation settlement in Cook County, Illinois. In addition, the Company plans to use the remaining proceeds to further enhance liquidity and for other general corporate purposes.
On March 21, 2023, the Company also entered into an Incremental Facility Amendment to the First Lien Credit Agreement ("Revolving Credit Facility Amendment"), which provides for an increase in the commitments under the existing revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $76.3 million. The Revolving Credit Facility Amendment also provides additional commitments for the issuance of letters of credit under the Revolving Credit Facility in an aggregate principal amount of $165.1 million. After giving effect to the Revolving Credit Facility Amendment, the aggregate amount of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our business continuity plans remain in effect and we have maintained certain measures to decrease exposure risk and manage our supply chain for critical materials. The extent to which our operations will continue to be impacted by the pandemic will largely depend on future developments, which still remain uncertain and cannot be predicted.revolving commitments is $423.8 million.
CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Three Months Ended March 31, 20212023, as compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 20202022
The following table sets forth the components of our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 and 2020.2022:
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2021 | | 2020 | | $ Change | | % Change | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2023 | | 2022 | | $ Change | | % Change |
| Total net revenues | Total net revenues | $ | 212,148 | | | $ | 188,200 | | | $ | 23,948 | | | 12.7 | % | Total net revenues | $ | 220,590 | | | $ | 236,754 | | | $ | (16,164) | | | (6.8) | % |
Total cost of revenues | Total cost of revenues | 96,776 | | | 91,683 | | | 5,093 | | | 5.6 | % | Total cost of revenues | 109,087 | | | 107,879 | | | 1,208 | | | 1.1 | % |
Total operating expenses | Total operating expenses | 69,008 | | | 51,652 | | | 17,356 | | | 33.6 | % | Total operating expenses | 78,137 | | | 75,383 | | | 2,754 | | | 3.7 | % |
Operating income | Operating income | 46,364 | | | 44,865 | | | 1,499 | | | 3.3 | % | Operating income | 33,366 | | | 53,492 | | | (20,126) | | | (37.6) | % |
Net income (loss) | 11,065 | | | (1,986) | | | 13,051 | | | 657.2 | % | |
Net income | | Net income | 2,842 | | | 30,641 | | | (27,799) | | | (90.7) | % |
Adjusted Net Income(a) | Adjusted Net Income(a) | 51,506 | | | 23,738 | | | 27,768 | | | 117.0 | % | Adjusted Net Income(a) | 38,045 | | | 60,254 | | | (22,209) | | | (36.9) | % |
Adjusted EBITDA(a) | Adjusted EBITDA(a) | 105,317 | | | 91,883 | | | 13,434 | | | 14.6 | % | Adjusted EBITDA(a) | 98,468 | | | 115,349 | | | (16,881) | | | (14.6) | % |
(a)Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP financial measures. For more information regarding our calculation of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, including information about their limitations as tools for analysis and a reconciliation of net income, (loss), the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, please see the reconciliation included below in “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
Total Net Revenues
The following table compares our revenues by type for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 to the three months ended March 31, 2020.2022:
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
Net revenues for the three months ended March 31, | Net revenues for the three months ended March 31, | 2021 | | 2020 | | $ Change | | % Change | Net revenues for the three months ended March 31, | 2023 | | 2022 | | $ Change | | % Change |
| Service | Service | $ | 188,698 | | | $ | 167,405 | | | $ | 21,293 | | | 12.7 | % | Service | $ | 214,510 | | | $ | 206,218 | | | $ | 8,292 | | | 4.0 | % |
Product | Product | 23,450 | | | 20,795 | | | 2,655 | | | 12.8 | % | Product | 6,080 | | | 30,536 | | | (24,456) | | | (80.1) | % |
Total net revenues | Total net revenues | $ | 212,148 | | | $ | 188,200 | | | $ | 23,948 | | | 12.7 | % | Total net revenues | $ | 220,590 | | | $ | 236,754 | | | $ | (16,164) | | | (6.8) | % |
Net revenues were $212.1$220.6 million in the three months ended March 31, 2021, an increase2023, a decrease of $23.9$16.2 million, or 12.7%6.8%, as compared with the three months ended March 31, 2020.2022. Excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange rates, net revenues in the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased2023 decreased approximately 10.9%5.3% compared with the same period in the three months ended March 31, 2020.2022.
Service revenues
Service revenues increased $21.3$8.3 million, or 12.7%4.0%, to $188.7$214.5 million infor the three months ended March 31, 20212023, as compared to $167.4$206.2 million infor the three months ended March 31, 2020.2022. The increasegrowth in net service revenues reflected a $5.8 million increase due to the July 31, 2020 acquisition of Iotron, coupled withwas driven by favorable pricing and organic sales volume growth in our Sterigenics segment of $3.8$9.2 million and $2.7$2.1 million in the Sterigenics and Nelson Labs segments, respectively. Service$2.9 million of service revenue growth was also attributable to volume and mix in the Sterigenics segment. Partially offsetting these growth factors was a $4.9decline in service revenue volume of $2.8 million increaseand $0.8 million in demand for testing services related to personal protective equipment used to provide protection against COVID-19 and a $1.6 million increase due to favorable pricing of laboratory and testing services in ourthe Nelson Labs segment. The remainder of the increase is primarily due tosegment and Nordion segment, respectively, coupled with a favorable$2.3 million unfavorable impact from changes in foreign currency exchange rates of $2.4 million.across all segments.
Product revenues
Product revenues increased $2.7decreased $24.5 million, or 12.8%80.1%, to $23.5$6.1 million infor the three months ended March 31, 20212023, as compared to $20.8$30.5 million infor the three months ended March 31, 2020.2022. The increasedecrease in product revenues was primarily attributablemainly driven by expected volume decline and mix due to a $1.3 million overall net volume increase driven largely by shipments of medical use Co-60 harvest schedule timing in the Nordion segment and a favorablean unfavorable impact from changes in foreign exchange rates of $1.0$1.3 million.
Total Cost of Revenues
The following table compares our cost of revenues by type for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 to the three months ended March 31, 2020.2022:
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
Cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, | Cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, | 2021 | | 2020 | | $ Change | | % Change | Cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, | 2023 | | 2022 | | $ Change | | % Change |
| Service | Service | $ | 85,036 | | | $ | 83,069 | | | $ | 1,967 | | | 2.4 | % | Service | $ | 104,210 | | | $ | 94,576 | | | $ | 9,634 | | | 10.2 | % |
Product | Product | 11,740 | | | 8,614 | | | 3,126 | | | 36.3 | % | Product | 4,877 | | | 13,303 | | | (8,426) | | | (63.3) | % |
Total cost of revenues | Total cost of revenues | $ | 96,776 | | | $ | 91,683 | | | $ | 5,093 | | | 5.6 | % | Total cost of revenues | $ | 109,087 | | | $ | 107,879 | | | $ | 1,208 | | | 1.1 | % |
Total cost of revenues accounted for approximately 45.6%49.5% and 48.7%45.6% of our consolidated net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 and 2020,2022, respectively.
Cost of service revenues
Cost of service revenues increased $2.0$9.6 million, or 2.4%10.2%, for the three months ended March 31, 20212023, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020.2022. The increasegrowth in cost of service revenues was attributablepartially driven by $5.1 million of higher energy costs and depreciation related to capital assets recently placed in service. In addition, cost of service revenue increased by $4.1 million as a result of higher labor costs, largely stemming from both the Iotron acquisitionaddition of new personnel and thehigher compensation costs. Partially offsetting these factors was a $1.3 million favorable impact offrom changes in foreign currency exchange rates on cost of sales within our foreign subsidiaries.rates.
Cost of product revenues
Cost of product revenues increased $3.1decreased $8.4 million, or 36.3%63.3%, for the three months ended March 31, 20212023, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020.2022. The increasedecrease was primarily a result of incrementallower direct material and material transportation costs associatedof $7.0 million coupled with increased sales volumes. The remainder of the increase is primarily due to an unfavorable$0.8 million impact from changes in foreign currency exchange rates of $0.7 million.
Operating Expenses
The following table compares our operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 to the three months ended March 31, 2020:2022:
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
Operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, | Operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, | 2021 | | 2020 | | $ Change | | % Change | Operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, | 2023 | | 2022 | | $ Change | | % Change |
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ | 52,465 | | | $ | 37,053 | | | $ | 15,412 | | | 41.6 | % | Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ | 61,910 | | | $ | 59,542 | | | $ | 2,368 | | | 4.0 | % |
Amortization of intangible assets | Amortization of intangible assets | 16,543 | | | 14,599 | | | 1,944 | | | 13.3 | % | Amortization of intangible assets | 16,227 | | | 15,841 | | | 386 | | | 2.4 | % |
| Total operating expenses | Total operating expenses | $ | 69,008 | | | $ | 51,652 | | | $ | 17,356 | | | 33.6 | % | Total operating expenses | $ | 78,137 | | | $ | 75,383 | | | $ | 2,754 | | | 3.7 | % |
Operating expenses accounted for approximately 32.5%35.4% and 27.4%31.8% of our consolidated net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 and 2020,2022, respectively.
SG&A
SG&A increased $15.4$2.4 million, or 41.6%4.0%, for the three months ended March 31, 20212023, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020.2022. The increase was driven primarily by the following:
•A $9.3$2.8 million increase in legalshare-based compensation expense attributable to awards granted under the 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan;
•$1.5 million in professional services fees largely related to business optimization projects;
•$1.0 million increase in business travel and management meetings costs; and
•$0.9 million in facility integration efforts mainly in connection with Nelson Labs' recent acquisitions.
Partially offsetting these factors was a $4.0 million decrease in litigation and other professional services expense associated with EO litigation;
•$4.0 million in incremental corporate expenses largely attributed to costs associated with being a public company. This includes $1.2 million in professional fees associated with the secondary offering of common shares by the selling stockholders in March 2021.
•An increase in share-based compensation expense of $1.7 million related to our 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan.sterilization facilities.
Amortization of intangible assets
Amortization of intangible assets was $16.5decreased $0.4 million, or 2.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2021, or 13.3% above the three months ended March 31, 2020. The change was primarily attributable to amortization on newly acquired intangible assets related to the Iotron and BioScience acquisitions.
Interest Expense, Net
Interest expense, net decreased $35.3 million, or 62.4%, for the three months ended March 31, 20212023, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020. The decrease was largely2022 due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
Interest Expense, Net
Interest expense, net increased $18.5 million, or 177.5%, for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022. The variance was driven by an increase in the variable interest rate driving increased interest expense of $16.8 million on borrowings previously outstanding in the same period of the prior year coupled with interest expense of $6.6 million on incremental borrowings. In addition, we recorded a lower outstanding debt balance for$6.3 million reduction to interest expense attributable to the favorable change in fair value of interest rate derivatives not designated as hedging instruments in the first quarter of 2021and lower2022 that did not recur in the first quarter of 2023. Partially offsetting this increase was a $9.5 million reduction to interest rates subsequentexpense attributable to the January 2021 Term Loan refinancing.favorable settlements on interest rate cap contracts and a $2.6 million increase in interest income on cash and cash equivalents on deposit at financial institutions. The weighted average interest rate on our outstanding debt was 3.45%7.85% and 7.11%3.25% at March 31, 20212023 and 2020,2022, respectively.
Foreign Exchange Loss (Gain)
Foreign exchange loss was $0.6$0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 as2023 compared to a gain of $0.6$0.8 million infor the three months ended March 31, 2020.2022. The change in foreign exchange loss (gain) in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)mainly relates primarily to U.S. dollarshort-term losses (offset by short-term gains) on sales denominated intercompany indebtedness with certainin currencies other than the functional currency of our Europeanoperating entities. As described in Note 16, “Financial Instruments and CanadianFinancial Risk”, we enter into monthly U.S. dollar-denominated foreign currency forward contracts to manage foreign currency exchange rate risk related to our international subsidiaries.
Other (Income) Expense,Income, Net
Other income, net was $3.9$1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 compared to $3.2 million of expense for the three months ended March 31, 2020. The fluctuation was driven by changes in the fair value of the embedded derivatives in Nordion’s contracts. We recorded an unrealized gain on embedded derivatives of $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 as compared to an unrealized loss on embedded derivatives of $4.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. In addition, we recorded $1.2 million of other income related to the gain on purchase of the mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interest of 15% of Nelson Labs Fairfield as compared to the amount previously accrued.
Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes
Provision for income tax increased $15.3 million, or 124.7%, to a net provision of $3.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 as compared to2022. The majority of the variance stemmed from a $12.2 million benefitdecrease in the fair value of Nordion’s embedded derivative assets in the three months ended March 31, 2020.2023, resulting in a decrease in other income of $1.3 million from the three months ended March 31, 2022.
Provision for Income Taxes
Provision for income taxes decreased $12.1 million to a net provision of $2.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to $14.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The change was primarily attributable to lower pre-tax income infor the three months ended March 31, 20212023 compared to a pre-tax loss in the three months ended
March 31, 2020. In addition, the increased limitation on interest expense deduction provided by the CARES Act in March 2020 resulted in a $9.1 million discrete tax benefit in the three months ended March 31, 2020 as well as a reversal of a $5.6 million2022, partially offset by an increase in the valuation allowance against our excess interest expense carryforward balance and the foreign rate differential. The increase in the valuation allowance was a direct result of the $408.0 million Illinois EO litigation settlement, which was paid into a settlement escrow fund on deferred tax assets related to nondeductibleMay 1, 2023. This expense will eliminate a current deduction of 2023 U.S. interest expense.and increases the valuation allowance against our excess interest expense carryforward balance.
Provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 differed from the statutory rate primarily due to an increase in the partial valuation allowance against our excess interest expense carryforward balance, the impact of the foreign rate differential GILTI, and a net increase in the valuation allowance attributable to the limitation on the deductibility of interestnon-deductible compensation expense. This was partially offset by a discrete item, which reversed the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets related to certain asset retirement obligations. Provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 20202022 differed from the statutory rate primarily due to an increase in the partial valuation allowance against our excess interest expense carryforward balance, the impact of the CARES Act, including the increased limitationforeign rate differential, and tax on interest expense deduction and valuation allowance reversal, as described above.Global Intangible Low Taxed Income (“GILTI”).
Net Income, (Loss), Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA
Net income for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 was $11.1$2.8 million, as compared to a net loss of $2.0$30.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020.2022. Adjusted Net Income was $51.5$38.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021,2023, as compared to $23.7$60.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020,2022, due to the factors described above. Adjusted EBITDA was $105.3$98.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021,2023, as compared to $91.9$115.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020,2022, due to the factors described above. Please see “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below for a reconciliation of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA to their most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
To supplement our consolidated financial statements presented in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”),GAAP, we consider Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, financial measures that are not based on any standardized methodology prescribed by GAAP.
We define Adjusted Net Income as net income (loss) before amortization and certain other adjustments that we do not consider in our evaluation of our ongoing operating performance from period to period as discussed further below. We define Adjusted EBITDA as Adjusted Net Income before interest expense, depreciation (including depreciation of Co-60 used in our operations) and income tax provision applicable to Adjusted Net Income.
We use Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP financial measures, as the principal measures of our operating performance. Management believes Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA are useful because they allow management to more effectively evaluate our operating performance and compare the results of our operations from period to period without the impact of certain non-cash items and non-routine items that we do not expect to continue at the same level in the future and other items that are not core to our operations. We believe that these measures are useful to our investors because they provide a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting our business than could be obtained absent this disclosure. In addition, we believe Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA will assist investors in making comparisons to our historical operating results and analyzing the underlying performance of our operations for the periods presented. Our management also uses Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA in theirits financial analysis and operational decision-making, and Adjusted EBITDA serves as the basis for the metric we utilize to determine attainment of our primary annual incentive program. Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA may be calculated differently from, and therefore may not be comparable to, a similarly titled measure used by other companies.
Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. There are a number of limitations related to the use of Adjusted Net Income
and Adjusted EBITDA rather than net income, (loss), the nearest GAAP equivalent. For example, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA primarily exclude:
•certain recurring non-cash charges such as depreciation of fixed assets, although these assets may have to be replaced in the future, as well as amortization of acquired intangible assets and asset retirement obligations;
•costs of acquiring and integrating businesses, which will continue to be a part of our growth strategy;
•non-cash gains or losses from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates primarily related to remeasurement of intercompany loans denominated in currencies other than subsidiaries’ functional currencies, and the mark-to-fair value of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments, which includes embedded derivatives relating to certain customer and supply contracts at Nordion;
•impairment charges on long-lived assets, intangible assets and intangible assets;investments accounted for under the equity method;
•
loss on extinguishment of debt incurred in connection with refinancing or early extinguishment of long-term debt;•expenses and charges related to the litigation, settlement agreements, and other activities associated with our EO sterilization facilities, including those in Willowbrook, Illinois, Atlanta, Georgia and Santa Teresa, New Mexico, even though that litigation remains ongoing;
•in the case of Adjusted EBITDA, interest expense or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments on our indebtedness; and
•share-based compensation expense, which has been, and will continue to be for the foreseeable future, a significant recurring expense and an important part of our compensation strategy.
In evaluating Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, you should be aware that in the future, we will incur expenses similar to the adjustments in this presentation.the table below. Our presentations of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as suggesting that our future results will be unaffected by these expenses or any unusual or non-recurring items. When evaluating our performance, you should consider Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA alongside other financial performance measures, including our net income (loss) and other GAAP measures.
The following table presents a reconciliation of net income, (loss), the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP to Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, for each of the periods indicated:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2021 | | 2020 |
Net income (loss) | $ | 11,065 | | | $ | (1,986) | |
Amortization of intangibles | 22,282 | | | 19,913 | |
Share-based compensation(a) | 3,449 | | | 1,725 | |
| | | |
(Gain) loss on foreign currency and embedded derivatives(b) | (336) | | | 4,267 | |
Acquisition and divestiture related charges, net(c) | (185) | | | 994 | |
Business optimization project expenses(d) | 261 | | | 1,049 | |
Plant closure expenses(e) | 542 | | | 771 | |
Loss on extinguishment of debt(f) | 14,312 | | | — | |
Professional services relating to EO sterilization facilities(g) | 13,399 | | | 4,146 | |
Accretion of asset retirement obligations(h) | 551 | | | 490 | |
COVID-19 expenses(i) | 299 | | | 76 | |
Income tax provision (benefit) associated with pre-tax adjustments(j) | (14,133) | | | (7,707) | |
Adjusted Net Income | 51,506 | | | 23,738 | |
Interest expense, net | 21,282 | | | 56,562 | |
Depreciation(k) | 15,379 | | | 16,110 | |
Income tax provision (benefit) applicable to Adjusted Net Income(l) | 17,150 | | | (4,527) | |
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 105,317 | | | $ | 91,883 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2023 | | 2022 |
Net income | $ | 2,842 | | | $ | 30,641 | |
Amortization of intangible assets | 20,607 | | | 20,182 | |
Share-based compensation(a) | 7,348 | | | 4,538 | |
Loss (gain) on foreign currency and derivatives not designated as hedging instruments, net(b) | 535 | | | (6,552) | |
Acquisition and divestiture related charges, net(c) | 592 | | | (160) | |
Business optimization project expenses(d) | 2,534 | | | 104 | |
Plant closure expenses(e) | (895) | | | 671 | |
Professional services and other expenses relating to EO sterilization facilities(f) | 16,302 | | | 18,059 | |
Accretion of asset retirement obligations(g) | 572 | | | 520 | |
COVID-19 expenses(h) | — | | | 103 | |
Income tax benefit associated with pre-tax adjustments(i) | (12,392) | | | (7,852) | |
Adjusted Net Income | 38,045 | | | 60,254 | |
Interest expense, net(j) | 26,540 | | | 16,750 | |
Depreciation(k) | 18,931 | | | 15,867 | |
Income tax provision applicable to Adjusted Net Income(l) | 14,952 | | | 22,478 | |
Adjusted EBITDA(m) | $ | 98,468 | | | $ | 115,349 | |
(a) Represents non-cash share-based compensation expense.expense to employees and Non-Employee Directors.
(b) Represents the effects of (i) fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily related to remeasurement of intercompany loans denominated in currencies other than subsidiaries’ functional currencies, and (ii) non-cash mark-to-fair value of embedded derivatives relating to certain customer and supply contracts at Nordion.Nordion, and (iii) unrealized gains on interest rate caps not designated as hedging instruments.
(c) Represents (i) certain direct and incremental costs related to the acquisitions of RCA and BioScience in 2021, Iotron in July 2020 and Nelson Labs Fairfield in 2018 (including the first quarter 2021 gain on the mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interest as described in Note 4, “Acquisitions”), and certain related integration efforts as a result of those acquisitions, (ii) the earnings impact of fair value adjustments (excluding those recognized within amortization expense) resulting from the businesses acquired, and (iii) transition services
income and non-cash deferred lease income associated with the terms of the divestiture of the Medical Isotopes business in 2018.
(d) Represents professional fees, contract termination and exit costs, severance and other payroll costs, and other costs associated with business optimization and cost savings projects relating to the integration of Nelson Labs, the Sotera Health rebranding,acquisitions, operating structure realignment and other process enhancement projects.
(e) Represents professional fees, severance and other payroll costs, and other costs, including ongoing lease and utility expenses associated with the closure of the Willowbrook, Illinois facility.
(f) Represents expenses incurred The three months ended March 31, 2023 includes a $1.0 million cancellation fee received from a tenant in connection with the repricingtermination of our Term Loan in January 2021 including accelerated amortization of prior debt issuancean office space lease at the Nordion facility.
(f) Represents litigation and discount costs.
(g) Representsother professional fees related to litigation associated with our EO sterilization facilitiesfacilities. This amount also includes $2.3 million of interest expense, net associated with Term Loan B that was issued to finance the $408.0 million cost to settle 880+ pending and other related professional fees.threatened EO claims against the Settling Defendants in Illinois under Settlement Agreements entered into on March 28, 2023, subject to substantially all of the plaintiffs providing opt-in consents to their individual settlement allocations and dismissing their claims with prejudice. See Note 16,15 “Commitments and Contingencies”.
(h)(g) Represents non-cash accretion of asset retirement obligations related to Co-60 and gamma processing facilities, which are based on estimated site remediation costs for any future decommissioning of these facilities (without regard for whether the decommissioning services would be performed by employees of Nordion, instead of by a third party) and are accreted over the life of the asset.
(i)(h) Represents non-recurring costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, including incremental costs to implement workplace health and safety measures.
(j)(i) Represents the income tax benefit or provision associated withimpact of adjustments calculated based on the reconciling items between net income (loss) and Adjusted Net Income. To determinetax rate applicable to each item. We eliminate the aggregate tax effect of tax rate changes as applied to tax assets and liabilities and unusual items from our presentation of adjusted net income.
(j) The three months ended March 31, 2023 excludes $2.3 million of interest expense, net on Term Loan B attributable to the reconciling items, we utilized statutory income tax rates ranging from 0%loan proceeds that were used to 35%, depending uponfund the applicable jurisdictions$408.0 million Illinois EO litigation settlement. The three months ended March 31, 2022 excludes a $6.3 million net increase in the fair value of each adjustment.interest rate derivatives not designated as hedging instruments recorded to interest expense.
(k) Includes depreciation of Co-60 held at gamma irradiation sites.
(l) Represents the difference between income tax provision or benefit as determined under U.S. GAAP and the income tax provision or benefit associated with pre-tax adjustments described in footnote (j)(i).
(m) $22.9 million and $19.8 million of the adjustments for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, are included in cost of revenues, primarily consisting of amortization of intangible assets, depreciation, and accretion of asset retirement obligations.
SEGMENT RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
We have three reportable segments: Sterigenics, Nordion and Nelson Labs. Our chief operating decision makerdecision-maker evaluates performance and allocates resources within our business based on Segment Income,segment income, which excludes certain items which are included in income (loss) before tax as determined in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).Income. The accounting policies for our reportable segments are the same as those for the consolidated Company.
Our Segments
Sterigenics
Our Sterigenics business provides outsourced terminal sterilization and irradiation services for the medical device, pharmaceutical, food safety and advanced applications markets using three major technologies: gamma irradiation, EO processing and E-beam irradiation.
Nordion
Our Nordion business is a leading global provider of Co-60 used in the sterilization and irradiation processes for the medical device, pharmaceutical, food safety, and high-performance materials industries, as well as in the treatment of cancer. In addition, Nordion is a leading global provider of gamma irradiators, which are the key components to the gamma sterilization process.irradiation systems.
As a result of the time required to meet regulatory and logistics requirements for delivery of radioactive products, combined with accommodations made to our customers to minimize disruptions to their operations during the installation of Co-60,
Nordion sales patterns can often vary significantly from one quarter to the next. However, timing-related impacts on our sales performance tend to be resolved within several quarters, resulting in more consistent performance over longer periods of time. In addition, sales of production irradiatorsgamma irradiation systems occur infrequently and tend to be for larger amounts.
Results for our Nordion segment are also impacted by Co-60 supplier mix, harvest schedules, andas well as customer, product and service mix.
Nelson Labs
Our Nelson Labs business provides outsourced microbiological and analytical chemistry testing and advisory services for the medical device and pharmaceutical industries.
For more information regarding our reportable segments, please refer to Note 18,17, “Segment Information” to our consolidated financial statements.
Segment Results for the Three Months Ended March 31, 20212023 and 20202022
The following tables compare segment net revenue and segment income for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 to the three months ended March 31, 2020:2022:
| | | Three Months Ended March 31, | | | | Three Months Ended March 31, | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2021 | | 2020 | | $ Change | | % Change | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2023 | | 2022 | | $ Change | | % Change |
| Net Revenues | Net Revenues | | Net Revenues | |
Sterigenics | Sterigenics | $ | 131,151 | | $ | 117,280 | | $ | 13,871 | | | 11.8 | % | Sterigenics | $ | 159,997 | | $ | 149,462 | | $ | 10,535 | | | 7.0 | % |
Nordion | Nordion | 25,918 | | 23,625 | | 2,293 | | | 9.7 | % | Nordion | 8,551 | | 34,002 | | (25,451) | | | (74.9 | %) |
Nelson Labs | Nelson Labs | 55,079 | | 47,295 | | 7,784 | | | 16.5 | % | Nelson Labs | 52,042 | | 53,290 | | (1,248) | | | (2.3) | % |
Segment Income | Segment Income | | | | | | | | Segment Income | | | | | | | |
Sterigenics | Sterigenics | $ | 68,461 | | $ | 61,091 | | $ | 7,370 | | | 12.1 | % | Sterigenics | $ | 82,840 | | $ | 79,403 | | $ | 3,437 | | | 4.3 | % |
Nordion | Nordion | 13,786 | | 13,022 | | 764 | | | 5.9 | % | Nordion | 1,526 | | 18,903 | | (17,377) | | | (91.9) | % |
Nelson Labs | Nelson Labs | 23,070 | | 17,770 | | 5,300 | | | 29.8 | % | Nelson Labs | 14,102 | | 17,043 | | (2,941) | | | (17.3) | % |
Segment Income margin | Segment Income margin | | | | | | | | Segment Income margin | | | | | | | |
Sterigenics | Sterigenics | 52.2 | % | | 52.1 | % | | Sterigenics | 51.8 | % | | 53.1 | % | |
Nordion | Nordion | 53.2 | % | | 55.1 | % | | Nordion | 17.8 | % | | 55.6 | % | |
Nelson Labs | Nelson Labs | 41.9 | % | | 37.6 | % | | Nelson Labs | 27.1 | % | | 32.0 | % | |
Net Revenues by Segment
Sterigenics net revenues were $131.2$160.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021,2023, an increase of $13.9$10.5 million, or 11.8%7.0%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020.2022. The increase reflects a 5.0% increase in revenues attributable to the Iotron acquisition coupled with a 3.2% favorable impactimpacts from pricing of 6.2% as well as volume and 2.3% growthmix of 1.9%, partially offset by unfavorable impacts from changes in organic sales volume.foreign currency exchange rates of 1.1%.
Nordion net revenues were $25.9$8.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, an increase2023, a decrease of $2.3$25.5 million, or 9.7%74.9%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020.2022. The increase reflects a 4.2%decrease was driven by an expected volume decline and change in mix due to Co-60 harvest schedule timing, and an unfavorable impact from the strengthening of the Canadian dollar compared to the U.S. dollar for the three months ended March 31, 2021 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020, a 3.6% impact from favorable pricing, and a 1.9% impact from higher volumes primarily due to increaseschanges in shipments of medical-use Co-60.foreign exchange rates.
Nelson Labs net revenues were $55.1$52.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, an increase2023, a decrease of $7.8$1.2 million, or 16.5%2.3%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020.2022. The increasedecrease was primarily driven byattributable to volume decline and change in mix of 5.2% coupled with a 10.3% increase in testing services related to personal protective equipment used to provide protection against COVID-19 and a 3.5%1.0% impact from favorable pricing. The remainder of the increase is primarily due tochanges in foreign currency exchange rates. Partially offsetting this decline was a favorable impact from foreign exchange ratespricing of 1.7%3.9%.
Segment Income
Sterigenics segment income was $68.5$82.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021,2023, an increase of $7.4$3.4 million, or 12.1%4.3%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020.2022. The increase in segment income was primarily a result of the contributions of the Iotron acquisition coupled with revenue growth stemming from both favorable customer pricing as well as volume and volume,mix, as referenced above. ThisThe decline in segment income margin was driven by the impact of current staffing levels versus the typical lighter first-quarter volume relative to the remainder of the year coupled with inflation, partially offset by incremental overhead associated with being a public company.the impacts of favorable pricing.
Nordion segment income was $13.8$1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, an increase2023, a decrease of $0.8$17.4 million, or 5.9%91.9%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020.2022. The increasedecrease in segment income and segment income margin was primarily due to the favorable impactdriven by expected volume decline and change in mix stemming from foreign exchange ratesCo-60 harvest schedule timing, as well as favorable customer pricing and increases in sales volume, referenced above. This was partially offset by incremental overhead associated with being a public company.
Nelson Labs segment income was $23.1$14.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, an increase2023, a decrease of $5.3$2.9 million, or 29.8%17.3%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020, due to the increase2022. The decrease in sales volumes, driven largely by testingsegment income was primarily a result of personal protective equipmentvolume decline and favorable pricing. This increase waschange in mix, partially offset by incremental overhead associated with being a public company.favorable pricing, as referenced above. Segment income margin decline was also driven by the impact of current staffing levels versus the typical lighter first-quarter volume relative to the remainder of the year.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Sources of Cash
The primary sources of liquidity for our business are cash flows from operations and borrowings under our credit facilities. We expect that our primary liquidity requirements will be to service our debt, to invest in fixed assets to build and/or expand existing facilities, to fund selective business acquisitions, make capital expenditures and for other general corporate purposes.
As of March 31, 2021,2023, we had $108.0$647.9 million of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents. This is an increase of $5.6$252.7 million from the balance at December 31, 2020.2022. The increase in cash and cash equivalents was mainly attributable to $500.0 million in proceeds from the issuance of Term Loan B on February 23, 2023, partially offset by the $200.0 million paydown of the outstanding balance on the revolving credit facility. Our foreign subsidiaries held cash of approximately $101.8$140.2 million at March 31, 20212023 and $88.8$158.3 million at December 31, 2020,2022, to meet their liquidity needs. No material restrictions exist to accessing cash held by our foreign subsidiaries notwithstanding any potential tax consequences. Cash balances in
On February 23, 2023, we entered into the United States decreased in the three months ended March 31, 2021 primarily as a result of the cash outflowsFirst Lien Credit Agreement (the “2023 Credit Agreement”), which provides for, the BioScience acquisition and the purchase of the 15% mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interest of Nelson Labs Fairfield, coupled with normal quarterly interest payments on our outstanding debt.
Our capital expenditure program is a component of our long-term strategy. This program includes, among other things, investmentsa new Term Loan B facility in newan aggregate principal amount of $500.0 million and bears interest, at the Company’s option, at a variable rate per annum equal to either (x) the Term SOFR Rate (as defined in the 2023 Credit Agreement) plus an applicable margin of 3.75% or (y) an alternative base rate (“ABR”) plus an applicable margin of 2.75%. The 2023 Credit Agreement is secured on a first priority basis on substantially all of our assets and is guaranteed by certain of our subsidiaries. It is prepayable without premium or penalty at any time six months after the closing date. The principal balance shall be paid at 1% of the aggregate principal amount ($5.0 million) per year, with the balance due at the end of 2026. The Company used the proceeds of this debt to fund a previously announced $408.0 million EO litigation settlement in Cook County, Illinois on May 1, 2023 and pay down existing facilities, business expansion projects, Co-60 used by Sterigenics at its gamma irradiation facilities, cobalt development projectsborrowings under the Company’s revolving credit facility. In addition, the Company plans to use the remaining proceeds to further enhance liquidity and information technology enhancements. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, our capital expenditures amounted to $20.9 million, compared to $13.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020.general corporate purposes.
Uses of Cash
We expect that cash on hand, operating cash flows and amounts available under our credit facilities will provide sufficient working capital to operate our business, make expected capital expenditures, meet litigation costs and meet foreseeable liquidity requirements, including debt service on our long-term debt, make expected capital expenditures including investments in fixed assets to build and/or expand existing facilities, and meet litigation costs for at least the next twelve12 months. Our primary long-term liquidity requirements beyond the next 12 months will be to service our debt, make capital expenditures, and fund suitable business acquisitions. As of March 31, 2021,2023, there were no outstanding borrowings on the Revolving Credit Facility. We expect to useany excess cash provided by operations in excess of amounts needed forwill be allocated to fund capital expenditures, to fund potential acquisitions, or for other general corporate purposes. Our ability to meet future working capital, capital expenditures and debt service requirements will depend on our future financial performance, which will be affected by a range of macroeconomic, competitive and business factors, including interest rate changes and changes in our industry, many of which are outside of our control. As of March 31, 2021, the amended and new2023, our interest rate caps limit our cash flow exposure related to LIBOR for approximately 81% ofthe total principal amount outstanding on our variable rate borrowings tounder the facility LIBOR floor of 0.5%.Term Loan. Refer to Note 17,16, “Financial Instruments and Financial Risk” under the heading “Derivative Instruments” for additional information regarding the interest rate caps used to manage economic risks associated with our variable rate borrowings.
Capital Expenditures
Our capital expenditure program is a component of our long-term strategy. This program includes, among other things, investments in new and existing facilities, business expansion projects, Co-60 used by Sterigenics at its gamma irradiation facilities, cobalt development projects and information technology enhancements. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, our capital expenditures amounted to $45.0 million, compared to $35.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.
Cash Flow Information
Three Months Ended March 31, 20212023 compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 20202022
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2021 | | 2020 | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2023 | | 2022 |
| Net Cash Provided by (Used in): | Net Cash Provided by (Used in): | | Net Cash Provided by (Used in): | | | |
Operating activities | Operating activities | $ | 56,159 | | | $ | 5,690 | | Operating activities | $ | 33,871 | | | $ | 49,967 | |
Investing activities | Investing activities | (46,519) | | | (12,989) | | Investing activities | (44,968) | | | (35,483) | |
Financing activities | Financing activities | (3,783) | | | 49,307 | | Financing activities | 273,916 | | | (449) | |
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (295) | | | 154 | | Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 1,067 | | | 487 | |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, during the period | $ | 5,562 | | | $ | 42,162 | | |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, during the period | | Net increase in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, during the period | $ | 263,886 | | | $ | 14,522 | |
Operating activities
Cash flows provided by operating activities increased $50.5decreased $16.1 million to net cash provided of $56.2 million in the three months ended March 31, 2021 compared to $5.7$33.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. Higher2023 compared to $50.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease in cash flows from operating activities in the three months ended March 31, 20212023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020 were2022 was driven primarily by a decrease in cash paid for interestoperating income of $43.8$20.1 million, partially offset by an increase in cash paid for income taxes of $9.7 million. In addition, a decrease in cash used for working capital of $9.9 million.
Investing activities
Cash used in investing activities increased $9.5 million to net operating assets for the three months ended March 31, 2021 resulted in a lower usecash used of cash for operating activities of $7.6 million compared to $19.8$45.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020.
Investing activities
Cash used by investing activities increased $33.5 million to net cash used of $46.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 20212023 compared to $13.0$35.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. The change2022.The variance was attributable to the acquisition of
BioScience on March 8, 2021 for a net purchase price of approximately $13.2 million, the acquisition of the mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interest in Nelson Labs Fairfield for $12.4 million andprimarily driven by an increase in cash paid for capital expenditures of $8.0 million.$9.5 million in the first quarter of 2023 compared to the first quarter of 2022.
Financing activities
For the three months ended March 31, 2021,Cash provided by financing activities increased $274.4 million to net cash used in financing activities was $3.8 million compared to net cash provided of $49.3$273.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020.2023 compared to $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The primary usedifference was mainly attributable to $500.0 million in proceeds from the issuance of cash from financing activities wasTerm Loan B on February 23, 2023, partially offset by the $200.0 million paydown of the outstanding balance on the revolving credit facility and the payment of $3.4$24.5 million of debt issuance costs incurred in connection with our refinancingthe issuance of Term Loan B and revolving credit facility amendment in the Senior Secured Credit Facilitiesthree months ended March 31, 2023, as described in “Debt Facilities” below. Cash provided by financingFinancing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was primarily attributable to a $50.0 million borrowing on our Revolving Credit Facility, which was subsequently repaid in the second quarter of 2020.2022 were insignificant.
Debt Facilities
Senior Secured Credit Facilities
On December 13, 2019, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC (“SHH”), our wholly owned subsidiary, entered into senior secured first lien credit facilities (the “Senior Secured Credit Facilities”), consisting of both a prepayable senior secured first lien term loan (the “Term Loan”) and a senior secured first lien revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) pursuant to a first lien credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”). The Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan maturesmature on June 13, 2026 and December 13, 2026, andrespectively. After giving effect to the Revolving Credit Facility's original maturity date was December 13, 2024. On December 17, 2020, we increasedFacility Amendment (defined below), the total borrowing capacity of ourunder the Revolving Credit Facility from $190.0 million to $347.5is $423.8 million. The Senior Secured Credit Facilities also provide SHH the right at any time and under certain conditions to request incremental term loans or incremental revolving credit commitments based on a formula defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. As of March 31, 20212023 and December 31, 2020,2022, total borrowings under the Term Loan were $1,763.1 million and $1,763.1 million, respectively, and there were no borrowings outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility.million. The weighted average interest rate on borrowings under the Term Loan for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 and March 31, 20202022 was 3.73%7.44% and 6.18%3.25%, respectively.
On January 20, 2021,February 23, 2023, we closed on an amendment repricing ourentered into the First Lien Credit Agreement (the “2023 Credit Agreement”), which provides for, among other things, a new Term Loan. The interest rate spread over the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) on theLoan B facility was reduced from 450 basis points to 275 basis points, and the facility’s LIBOR floor was reduced from 100 basis points to 50 basis points. The changes result in an effective reduction in current interest ratesaggregate principal amount of 2.25%. As a result of the repricing, we expect cash interest savings of approximately $40.0 million per year based on the outstanding principal balance as of March 31, 2021. In connection with this amendment, we wrote off $11.3 million of unamortized debt issuance and discount costs and incurred an additional $2.9 million of expense related to debt issuance costs attributable to the refinancing. These costs were recorded to “Loss on extinguishment of debt” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, capitalized debt issuance costs totaled $3.1$500.0 million and $3.4 million, respectively, and debt discounts totaled $20.0 million and $31.6 million, respectively, relatedbears interest, at the Company’s option, at a variable rate per annum equal to either (x) the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. Such costs are recorded as a reduction of debt on our consolidated balance sheets and amortized as a component of interest expense over the term of the debt agreement.
On March 26, 2021, we amended the Revolving Credit Facility, to (i) decrease the ApplicableTerm SOFR Rate (as defined in the 2023 Credit Agreement) related to any Revolving Loans (as defined in the Credit Agreement) from a rate per annum that ranged fromplus an applicable margin of 3.75% or (y) an alternative base rate (“ABR”) plus 2.50% to ABR plus 3.00% dependingan applicable margin of 2.75%. The 2023 Credit Agreement is secured on SHH’s Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio to ABR plus 1.75%;a first priority basis on substantially all of our assets and inis guaranteed by certain of our subsidiaries. It is prepayable without premium or penalty at any time six months after the case of Eurodollar Loans (as defined in the Credit Agreement) from a rate per annum which ranged from the Adjusted LIBOR plus 3.50% to the Adjusted LIBOR plus 4.00% depending on SHH’s Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement), to the Adjusted LIBOR (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus 2.75% and (ii) extend the maturity dateclosing date. The principal balance shall be paid at 1% of the Revolving Facility from December 13, 2024 to June 13,aggregate principal amount ($5.0 million) per year, with the balance due at the end of 2026. The other material termsCompany used the proceeds of this debt to fund a previously announced $408.0 million EO litigation settlement in Cook County, Illinois and pay down the Credit Agreement are unchanged and the amendment does not change the capacity$200.0 million of our Revolving Credit Facility, which is $347.5 million. No unamortized debt issuance costs associated with the Revolving Credit Facility were written off and direct fees and costs incurred in connection with the amendment were immaterial.
As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were no borrowings on the Revolving Credit Facility. SHH borrowed $50.0 million on the Revolving Credit Facility during the first quarter of 2020 which was repaid in the second quarter of 2020. The interest rate on theexisting borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility concurrent with the funding of this loan on February 23, 2023. In addition, the Company plans to use the remaining proceeds to further enhance liquidity and for general corporate purposes. The weighted average interest rate on borrowings under Term Loan B for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was 8.82%.
On March 21, 2023, the Company entered into the Revolving Credit Facility Amendment, which provides for an increase in the commitments under the existing Revolving Credit Facility in an aggregate principal amount of $76.3 million. In addition, certain of the lenders providing revolving credit commitments have provided additional commitments for the issuance of the letters of credit under the Revolving Credit Facility in an aggregate principal amount of $165.1 million. The Revolving Credit Facility Amendment also provides for the replacement of the LIBOR-based reference interest rate option for revolving loans with a reference rate option based upon the Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“Term SOFR”) or Daily Simple SOFR (“Daily SOFR”) plus an applicable credit spread adjustment of 0.1% (subject to a minimum floor of 0.0%). After giving effect to the Revolving Credit Facility Amendment, the aggregate amount of the Lenders' revolving commitments is $423.8 million and the aggregate amount of letter of credit commitments is $361.3 million. Letter of credit commitments are part of and not in addition to the aggregate revolving commitments. The maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility remains June 13, 2026. As of March 31, 2023 there were no borrowings outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility. The Company borrowed $200.0 million on the revolving credit facility during 2020 averaged approximately 5.0%the fourth quarter of 2022, which was repaid in the first quarter of 2023, as noted above. The weighted average interest rate on outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was 7.47%.
The Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement contain additional covenants that, among other things, restrict, subject to certain exceptions, our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to engage in certain activities, such as incur indebtedness or permit to exist any lien on any property or asset now owned or hereafter acquired, as specified in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement. The Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement also contain certain customary affirmative covenants and events of default, including upon a change of control. An event of default under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement would occur if the Company or certain of its subsidiaries received one or more enforceable judgments for payment in an aggregate amount in excess of $100.0 million, which judgment or judgments are not stayed or remain undischarged for a period of 60 consecutive days or if, in order to enforce such a judgment, a judgment creditor attached or levied upon assets that are material to the business and operations, taken as a whole, of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries. As of March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement covenants.
All of SHH’s obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement are unconditionally guaranteed by the Company and each existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiary of the Company,
with customary exceptions including, among other things, where providing such guarantees is not permitted by law, regulation or contract or would result in material adverse tax consequences. All obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement, and the guarantees of such obligations, are secured by substantially all assets of the borrower and guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and exclusions, as outlined in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement.
Outstanding letters of credit are collateralized by encumbrances against the Revolving Credit Facility and the collateral pledged thereunder, or by cash placed on deposit with the issuing bank. As of March 31, 2021,2023, the Company had $65.8$65.1 million of letters of credit issued against the Revolving Credit Facility, resulting in total availability under the Revolving Credit Facility of $281.7$358.7 million.
First Lien NotesTerm Loan Interest Rate Risk Management
On July 31, 2020, SHH issued $100.0 million aggregate principal amountThe Company utilizes interest rate derivatives to reduce the variability of senior secured first lien notescash flows in the interest payments associated with our variable rate debt due 2026 (the “First Lien Notes”to changes in LIBOR and SOFR. For additional information on the derivative instruments described above, refer to Note 16, “Financial Instruments and Financial Risk”, “Derivatives Instruments.”
Publication of all U.S. LIBOR tenors will cease after June 30, 2023. The most likely replacement benchmark is expected to be the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"), which mature on December 13, 2026. The First Lien Notes bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR subject to a 1.00% floor plus 6.00% per annum. Interest is payable on a quarterly basis with no principal due until maturity. The weighted averagehas been recommended by financial regulators in the United States. We have identified our LIBOR-based exposure in our debt and outstanding interest rate onderivative agreements and have addressed the First Lien NotesLIBOR transition for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was 7.00%.
SHH is entitledthose contracts. In accordance with ASC 848 Reference Rate Reform, we have elected to redeem all or a portion of the First Lien Notes, at any timeapply certain optional expedients for contract modifications and from time to time, subject to certain premiums depending on the date of redemption; any time on or prior to July 31, 2021, a customary make-whole premium applies and, thereafter, specified premiums that decline to zero apply (in each case as described in the indenture governing the First Lien Notes).
All of SHH’s obligations under the First Lien Notes are unconditionally guaranteedhedging relationships for derivative instruments impacted by the Company and each existing and subsequently acquiredbenchmark interest rate transition. The optional expedients remove the requirement to remeasure contract modifications or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiary of SHH, with customary exceptions including, among other things, where providing such guarantees is not permitteddedesignate hedging relationships impacted by law, regulation or contract or would result in material adverse tax consequences. All obligations under the First Lien Notes, and the guarantees of such obligations, are secured by substantially all of the assets of the borrower and guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and exclusions, as outlined in the First Lien Notes. Such collateral is substantially the same collateral that secures the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. Such collateral securing the First Lien Notes ranks pari passu with that of the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.
At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, capitalized debt issuance costs were $0.8 million and $0.9 million, respectively, and debt discounts were $2.7 million and $2.8 million, respectively, related to the First Lien Notes, which are recorded as a reduction of debt on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized into interest expense over the term of the debt agreement.
2020 Debt Repayments
On November 24, 2020, we closed our initial public offering (the "IPO”), in which we sold 53,590,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $23.00 per share, which included the full exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to an additional 6,990,000 shares of common stock. We raised approximately $1.2 billion in net proceeds after deducting underwriters’ discounts and commissions. We used the net proceeds received by us from the IPO to (i) redeem $770.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the Second Lien Senior Secured Notes with an original maturity date of December 13, 2027 (the "Second Lien Notes”), plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon and $15.4 million of redemption premium, (ii) repurchase 1,568,445 shares of our common stock from certain of our executive officers at a purchase price per share equal to the IPO price per share of our common stock less an amount equal to the underwriting discounts and commissions payable thereon and (iii) repay $341.0 million of the outstanding indebtedness under the Term Loan, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon. In connection with the debt repayments, we wrote off $28.9 million of debt issuance and discount costs and recognized $15.4 million in premiums paid for the early extinguishment of the Second Lien Notes. We recognized these costs within “Loss on extinguishment of debt” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) in the fourth quarter of 2020.reference rate reform.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
The preparation of consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions at a specific point in time and in certain circumstances that affect amounts reported in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. In preparing these consolidated financial statements, management has made its best estimates and judgments of certain amounts, giving due consideration to materiality. The application of accounting policies involves the exercise of judgment and use of assumptions as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could differ from these estimates.
A comprehensive discussion of the Company’s critical accounting policies and management estimates made in connection with the preparation of the financial statements is included in Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2022. There have been no significant changes in critical accounting policies, management estimates or accounting policies since the year ended December 31, 2020.2022.
NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
For a description of recent accounting pronouncements applicable to our business, see Note 2, “Recent Accounting Standards”. to our consolidated financial statements.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Market risks are described within “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” in Part II, Item 7A of our 2020Annual Report on Form 10-K.10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. These market risks have not materially changed for the three months ended March 31, 2021.2023.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO"), has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures,” (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”)). Based upon their evaluation, the Chief Executive OfficerCEO and Chief Financial OfficerCFO concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control
During the three months ended March 31, 2021,2023, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Part II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
From time to time, we may be subject to various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business, including claims relating to personal injury, property damage, workers’ compensation, employee safety and employee safety.our disclosures as a Nasdaq-listed, publicly-traded company. In addition, from time to time, we receive communications from government or regulatory agencies concerning investigations or allegations of noncompliance with laws or regulations in jurisdictions in which we operate. At this time, and except as is noted herein, we are unable to predict the outcome of, and cannot reasonably estimate the impact of, any pending litigation matters, matters concerning allegations of non-compliance with laws or regulations and matters concerning other allegations of other improprieties, or the incidence of any such matters in the future. Information regarding our material legal proceedings is included below.
Legal Proceedings Described in Note 16 15 “Commitments and Contingencies”of Our Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 16,15, “Commitments and Contingencies” to our consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes information on legal proceedings that constitute material contingencies for financial reporting purposes that could have a material effect on our financial condition or results of operations. This item should be read in conjunction with Note 1615 “Commitments and Contingencies” for information regarding the following legal proceedings, which information is incorporated into this item by reference:
•FM Global Business Interruption Claim (NRU Outage)
•Willowbrook, Illinois – Government Litigation
•Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation – Illinois, Georgia and New Mexico;
•Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation – Georgia
•Suspension of Georgia Facility Operations & RelatedNew Mexico Attorney General Litigation; and
•Ethylene Oxide Litigation – New MexicoSotera Health Company Securities Litigation.
Legal Proceedings That Are Not Described in Note 1615 “Commitments and Contingencies” to Our Consolidated Financial Statements
In addition to the matters that are identified in Note 1615 “Commitments and Contingencies” to our consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 20212023 contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and incorporated into this item by reference, the following matter also constitutes a material pending legal proceeding, other than ordinary course litigation incidental to our business, to which we are or any of our subsidiaries is a party.
Zoetermeer, Holland Criminal Proceedings and Criminal Financial Investigation
In early 2010, the Dutch Public Prosecution Service started criminal proceedings against our subsidiary DEROSS Holding B.V. (“DEROSS B.V.”DEROSS”), formerly known as Sterigenics Holland B.V., in relation to certain EO emissions and alleged environmental permit violations for EO emissions in the period from 2004 to 2009 at its Zoetermeer processing facility. On the basis of the final indictment issued in April 2017, assuming a rarely applied increasing mechanism is not applied in this case, fines in the amount of €0.8 million (US$0.9 million) may be imposed.
In November 2010, the Public Prosecution Service We have also started a criminal financial investigation against DEROSS B.V. to determine whether it has obtained illegal advantages by committing the alleged criminal offenses noted above. Any illegally obtained advantage could then be recovered from DEROSS B.V. in subsequent confiscation proceedings. According to the October 2013 report of this criminal financial investigation, the Public Prosecution Service estimates the illegally obtained advantage by DEROSS B.V. to be in the amount of €0.6 million (US$0.7 million).
In January 2018, the trial in first instance took place in the criminal case against DEROSS B.V., and in February 2018, the court discharged DEROSS B.V. from further prosecution on one of the two counts asserted and acquitted DEROSS B.V. on the other count. In March 2018, the public prosecutor filed an appeal against the favorable judgment in first instance for DEROSS B.V., as well as the favorable judgments in first instance for the two individuals overseeing environmental compliance during the time period of the alleged claims and the municipality of Zoetermeer. The appeal procedure is pending.
DEROSS B.V. has agreed to defend and indemnify the two individuals overseeing environmental compliance during the time period of the alleged claims by the Public Prosecutor. Assuming a rarely applied increasing mechanism is not applied in this case, the possible monetary penalties relating to the individuals currently are estimated at a maximum of €0.2 million (US$(US$0.2 million).
In November 2010, the Public Prosecution Service also started a criminal financial investigation against DEROSS to determine whether it obtained illegal advantages by committing the alleged criminal offenses noted above. Any illegally obtained advantage could then be recovered from DEROSS in subsequent confiscation proceedings. The Public Prosecution Service estimates the illegally obtained advantage by DEROSS to be €0.6 million
(US$0.7 million).In 2011, former shareholdersFebruary 2018, DEROSS and the two individuals received favorable judgments from the trial court, which did not hold any of them responsible for the alleged criminal offenses. In March 2018, the Public Prosecutor filed an appeal against the favorable judgments. The appeal procedure remains pending and will likely take several years to resolve.
An escrow account was established an escrow accountin 2011 to satisfy indemnity claims for losses resulting from governmental claims related to this matter, including those relating to environmental law violations, financial advantage claims, as well as criminal and civil fines and penalties.matter. The balance of the special escrow atfunds as of March 31, 2021,2023, was approximately US$2.11.8 million and theadditional cash collateral held by ABN Amro to provide security for the claims against us was approximately €2.4 million (US$2.8 million)(US$2.6 million) as of March 31, 2021. These amounts are available to satisfy claims relating to the ongoing matter through its anticipated resolution.2023. At this time, we expect that the appeal of this matter will likely take several years to resolve, barring unforeseen delays. However, we believe the indemnification receivable continues to be recoverable and plan to ensure escrow funds remain in place to cover outcomes of an appeal.
It is possible that individuals living in the vicinity of our former Zoetermeer facility may file civil claims at some time in the future.
While we have received letters from a small number of individuals claiming to live or work in the vicinity of the Zoetermeer facility, no civil claims have been filed against DEROSS B.V. or us. It is possible that these or other individuals living in the vicinity of the Zoetermeer facility may file civil claims at some time in the future. We have not provided for a contingency reserve in connection with any civil claims as we are unable to determine the likelihoodprobability of an unfavorable outcome and no reasonable estimate of a loss or range of losses, if any, can be made.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
There have been no material changesThe risk factor titled “We are subject to the risk factors previously disclosedextensive regulatory requirements and routine regulatory audits in our 2020 Form 10-K. Refer tooperations. …” included in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of our 2020Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 is hereby updated by adding at the end thereof the paragraph immediately below. Other than such addition, the text of the risk factor is unchanged.
In April 2023, the US Environmental Protection Agency (“USEPA”) proposed stricter EO regulations based on the 2016 IRIS Assessment, including (1) a detailed discussionproposed interim decision under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) that sets forth measures designed to mitigate EO exposure, in particular for workers exposed to EO in occupational settings, and (2) proposed amendments to the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) that would require commercial EO sterilizers to implement additional air pollution control technologies, practices and procedures designed to further reduce EO emissions from EO facilities. These April 2023 proposals contain a number of risk factors affecting us.proposed requirements that are inconsistent with existing industry practices and set forth proposed implementation timelines that would be difficult to meet at existing facilities for some of the proposed requirements; however, the proposals are currently undergoing public review and comment, which may lead to clarifications and revisions in the final USEPA regulations. Although we have been implementing enhancements at our EO sterilization facilities in the United States that we expect will facilitate our ability to meet many of the proposed requirements, certain facets of the proposed requirements are untested or not widely adopted at existing EO sterilization facilities. We are in the early stages of assessing the extent to which the proposals in their current form might require additional modifications and capital costs or might be unachievable at existing EO facilities throughout the industry.
Item 6. Exhibits.
The exhibits listed in the following Exhibit Index are filed, furnished, or incorporated by reference as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
| | | Incorporated by Reference | | | Incorporated by Reference | |
Exhibit No | Exhibit No | | Description of Exhibits | | Form | File No. | Exhibit | Filing Date | | Furnished/Filed Herewith | Exhibit No | | Description of Exhibits | | Form | File No. | Exhibit | Filing Date | | Furnished/Filed Herewith |
| 10.1 | | | | 10-K | 001-39729 | 10.28 | 2021-03-09 | | | |
10.2 | | | | * | |
31.1 | 31.1 | | | | * | 31.1 | | | | | | * |
31.2 | 31.2 | | | | * | 31.2 | | | | * |
32.1 | 32.1 | | | | ** | 32.1 | | | | ** |
10.1 | | 10.1 | | Incremental Facility Amendment No. 2, dated as of March 21, 2023, to the First Lien Credit Agreement dated as of December 13, 2019 by and among Sotera Health Company, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, certain subsidiaries of Sotera Health Company, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as First Lien Administrative Agent and the lenders and issuing banks party thereto | | 8-K | 001-39729 | 10.1 | 2023-03-22 | |
10.2 | | 10.2 | | | | * |
10.3 | | 10.3 | | | | * |
101.INS | 101.INS | | Inline XBRL Instance Document - The XBRL Instance Document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document | | * | 101.INS | | Inline XBRL Instance Document - The XBRL Instance Document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document | | * |
101.SCH | 101.SCH | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | | * | 101.SCH | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | | * |
101.CAL | 101.CAL | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | | * | 101.CAL | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | | * |
101.DEF | 101.DEF | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | | * | 101.DEF | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | | * |
101.LAB | 101.LAB | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document | | * | 101.LAB | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document | | * |
101.PRE | 101.PRE | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | | * | 101.PRE | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | | * |
104 | 104 | | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) | | * | 104 | | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) | | * |
* Filed Herewith
** Furnished Herewith
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| SOTERA HEALTH COMPANY |
| | | |
| By: | /s/ Scott J. LefflerMichael F. Biehl | |
| Name: | Scott J. LefflerMichael F. Biehl | |
| Title: | Interim Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer |
| | (Principal Financial Officer) |
Date: May 13, 20213, 2023