(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the ~~registrant:~~registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒☑ No ☐

Indicate by ~~a checkmark~~check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Date File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated ~~filer”~~filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and ~~“smaller reporting~~“emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revisited financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒☑

As of May ~~1, 2016,~~2, 2017, the registrant had ~~71,546,491~~72,125,321 shares of Common Stock ($0.01 par value) outstanding.

~~Insys Therapeutics, Inc. (“we,” “us,” and “our”) is filing this Amendment No. 1 to its Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q~~ ~~(the “AmendedForm 10-Q”)~~ to restate and amend our previously issued, unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related financial information as of March 31, 2016 and 2015 and for the three month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, which was originally filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on May 5, 2016 (the “Original Form 10-Q”).

As discussed in further detail below and in Note 1 to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, the restatement is the result of our misapplication of the guidance on accounting for revenue recognition related to accounting for rebate obligations on government payer and managed care contracts. In addition, we had previously recorded an out-of-period adjustment during the three months ended March 31, 2016. We assessed the impact of these errors on our prior period unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and concluded that the impact was material to these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Consequently, we have restated the prior period unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements identified above.

On March 15, 2017, we issued a press release announcing that the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors was conducting an independent review of our processes related to estimation of, and increases to, certain sales allowances recorded during 2016. The Audit Committee determined, upon the recommendation of our management, that we had miscalculated our rebate obligation on government payer and managed care contracts. We also reversed an out-of-period adjustment related to a stock option modification previously recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2016 that related to the fourth quarter of 2015. This resulted in a decrease in operating expenses of $1,500,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and a corresponding increase in operating expenses during the three months ended December 31, 2015.

The errors were not material to our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015. However, the impact of these errors was material to these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. To correctly present net revenue and operating expenses in the appropriate periods during 2016 and 2015, our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the quarters ended September 30, June 30, and March 31, 2016 and 2015 will be restated to make the necessary accounting adjustments.

For reasons discussed above, we are filing this Amended Form 10-Q in order to amend the following items in our Original Form 10-Q to the extent necessary to reflect the adjustments discussed above and restate corresponding financial data cited elsewhere in this Amended Form 10-Q:

In accordance with applicable SEC rules, this Amended Form 10-Q includes new certifications required by Rule 13a-14 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Subsequent to filing of the Original~~Form 10-Q,~~ our former Chief Executive Officer resigned. Accordingly, these certifications are signed by our Interim Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer dated as of the date of filing this Amended~~Form 10-Q.~~

This Amended Form 10-Q amends and restates in its entirety each section of the Original Form 10-Q impacted as a result of the restatement and includes certain restated information for the three month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015. Each section that has been restated is noted in Note 1 to the financial statements. This Amended Form 10-Q has not been updated to reflect events occurring after May 5, 2016, the date of the filing of the Original Form 10-Q. Therefore, this Amended Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with filings we have made with the SEC subsequent to May 5, 2016.

In addition to the restated financial information for the three month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, included in this Amended Form 10-Q, we are restating our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures for the periods ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, and September 30, 2016 and 2015. Concurrently with this filing, we are filing the following amended Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q/A with respect to these periods to address the corrections:

Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 (the “2016 Form 10-K”) included revised audited results as of and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, as well as restated unaudited condensed consolidated financial information for the quarterly periods in 2016 and 2015. Our consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 included in the 2016 Form 10-K have been revised from the consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

~~Based on our evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and15d-15(e)~~ under the Exchange Act), our management concluded that, as of March 31, 2016, our internal control over financial reporting was not effective because of the identification of an additional material weakness in the design and operation of our internal control over financial reporting relating specifically to the lack of effective policies and procedures, or timely and effective reviews by personnel at an appropriate level, for accounting for the rebates component in our product sales allowances in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”). We did not have controls designed to validate the completeness and accuracy of underlying data used in the determination of these significant estimates. Overall, the management in the finance and accounting group did not display adequate tone at the top with respect to judgment and rigor required to resolve the accounting for the rebates component of our product sales allowances. For a discussion of management’s consideration of the material weakness identified, see Part I, Item 4: Controls and Procedures included in this Amended Form 10-Q.

The following glossary provides definitions for certain acronyms and terms used in our periodic filings with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, including this Quarterly Report onForm ~~10-Q/A.~~10-Q. These acronyms and terms are specific to our company, commonly used in our industry, or are otherwise frequently used throughout our filings, including this document.

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED ~~STATEMENTS~~STATEMENT OF ~~INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME~~STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

~~See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.~~

Insys Therapeutics, Inc., which was incorporated in Delaware in June 1990, and our subsidiaries (collectively, “we,” “us,” and “our”) maintain headquarters in Chandler, Arizona.

We are a commercial-stage specialty pharmaceutical company that develops and commercializes innovative supportive care products. We have one marketed product: ~~Subsys,~~SUBSYS®, a proprietary sublingual fentanyl spray for BTCP in opioid-tolerant adult ~~patients.~~patients; and one product: SYNDROS™, awaiting final labeling approval by the FDA, prior to commercial launch, after receiving FDA approval in July 2016 and DEA scheduling in March 2017.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with U.S. ~~generally accepted accounting principles,~~GAAP, pursuant to rules and regulations of the SEC. Certain information and footnote disclosures have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include normal recurring adjustments that are necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 31, ~~2015~~2016, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, ~~2016~~2017 and ~~2015~~2016 are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full fiscal year or any other periods.

The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. ~~generally accepted accounting principles~~GAAP requires management to make a number of estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, ~~and~~ expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to revenue recognition (which is affected by prescriptions dispensed, wholesaler discounts, patient discount programs, rebates, and chargebacks), inventories, stock-based compensation expense, and deferred tax valuation allowances. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed by management to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may materially differ from these estimates.

On May 5, 2015, our Board of Directors approved a two-for-one stock split of our common stock that was effected through a stock dividend. The record date for the stock split was the close of business on May 26, 2015, with share distribution occurring on June 8, 2015. As a result of the dividend, shareholders received one additional share of Insys Therapeutics, Inc. common stock, par value $0.01, for each one share they held as of the record date. All share and per share amounts have been retroactively restated for the effects of this stock split.

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with current period presentation.

All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

We are filing this Amendment No. 1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Amended Form 10-Q”) to restate and amend our previously issued, unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related financial information as of March 31, 2016 and 2015 and for the quarters ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, which was originally filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on May 5, 2016 (the “Original~~Form 10-Q”).~~

The restatement is the result of a misapplication of the accounting guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) No. 605, “Revenue Recognition” related to accounting for rebate obligations on government payer and managed care contracts. We also reversed an out-of-period adjustment related to a stock option modification previously recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2016 that related to the fourth quarter of 2015. This resulted in a decrease in operating expenses of $1,500,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and a corresponding increase in operating expenses during the three months ended December 31, 2015. We assessed the impact of these errors on our prior unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and concluded that the impact was material to these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. In order to correctly present net revenue and operating expenses in the appropriate periods during 2016 and 2015, we have restated the unaudited condensed consolidated financial information included herein.

~~We also reclassified certain prior period amounts to conform with current period presentation.~~

~~The effect of the restatement on the previously filed unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows, in thousands:~~

The effect of the restatement on the previously filed unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows, in thousands (except share and per share data):

~~The effect of the restatement on the previously filed unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows, in thousands:~~

~~In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU)~~Effective January 1, 2017, we adopted ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment ~~Accounting,~~Accounting. Among other requirements, the new guidance requires all tax effects related to ~~reduce complexity~~share-based payments at settlement (or expiration) to be recorded through the income statement. Previously, tax benefits in excess of compensation cost ("windfalls") were recorded in equity, and tax deficiencies ("shortfalls") were recorded in equity to the extent of previous windfalls, and then to the income statement. As required, this change was applied prospectively to all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies resulting from settlements.

Under the new guidance, the windfall tax benefit is to be recorded when it arises, subject to normal valuation allowance considerations. Excess tax benefits that were not previously recognized because the related tax deduction had not reduced current taxes payable were recorded through a cumulative effect adjustment as of the date of the adoption. As required, this change was applied on a modified retrospective basis, with a cumulative effect adjustment of change in accounting ~~standards involving several aspects~~principle of approximately $368,000 as a deferred tax asset with a corresponding valuation allowance of $368,000, which were offset in retained earnings. Additionally, our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows now presents excess tax benefits as an operating activity, adjusted prospectively with no adjustments made to prior periods.

Additionally, ASU No. 2016-09 addressed the ~~accounting for~~presentation of employee ~~share-based payment transactions, including (1) the income tax consequences, (2) classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and (3) classification~~taxes paid on the statement of cash flows. We are now required to present the cost of shares withheld from the employee to satisfy the employees’ income tax liability as a financing activity on the statement of cash flows rather than as an operating cash flow. This change was applied on a retrospective basis, as required, but did not impact the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

ASU 2016-09 also permits entities to make an accounting policy election related to how forfeitures will impact the recognition of compensation cost for stock-based compensation to either estimate the total number of awards for which the requisite service period will not be rendered, as currently required, or to account for forfeitures as they occur. Upon adoption of ASU 2016-09, we elected to change our accounting policy to account for forfeitures as they occur. As required, this change was applied on a modified retrospective basis; however, as of December 31, 2016, we had estimated no forfeitures relating to the outstanding equity awards. As a result, no adjustment was required.

Going forward, the adoption of ASU 2016-09 could cause volatility in the effective tax rate, as the excess tax benefits associated with the exercise of stock options could generate a significant discrete income tax benefit in a particular interim period, potentially creating volatility in net income and net income per share period-to-period and period-over-period.

Effective January 1, 2017, we adopted ASU No. 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory. Prior to January 1, 2017, we measured inventory at the lower of cost or market. This guidance requires us to measure inventory at the lower of cost and NRV, which eliminates the need to determine replacement cost and evaluate whether it is above the ceiling (NRV) or below the floor (NRV less a normal profit margin). The guidance defines NRV as the “estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation.” The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, Receivables—Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities, to amend the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. The ASU shortens the amortization period for the premium to the earliest call date. Under current U.S. GAAP, entities generally amortize the premium as an adjustment of yield over the contractual life of the instrument. The amendments ~~will~~should be applied on a modified retrospective basis and are effective ~~for financial statements issued~~ for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. We are currently evaluating the impact of this amendment on our consolidated financial statements.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory, to improve the accounting for the income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. Current U. S. GAAP prohibits the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity asset transfer until the asset has been sold to an outside party, which is an exception to the principle of comprehensive recognition of current and deferred income taxes in U. S. GAAP. The amendments in this update eliminate the exception for an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory. The amendments should be applied on a modified retrospective transition basis, and are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. ~~Amendments related~~We are currently evaluating the impact of these amendments on our consolidated financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. The amendments effected by this ASU affect entities required to ~~the timing of when excess tax benefits are recognized, minimum statutory withholding requirements, forfeitures, and intrinsic value should be applied using~~present a ~~modified retrospective transition, amendments related to the presentation of employee taxes paid on the~~ statement of cash flows ~~when an employer withholds shares to meet the minimum statutory withholding requirement should be applied retrospectively, amendments requiring recognition of excess tax benefits~~ and ~~tax deficiencies in the income statement and the practical expedient for estimating expected term should be applied prospectively, and amendments related to the presentation of excess tax benefits~~provide specific guidance on ~~the statement~~a variety of cash ~~flows can be applied using either a prospective transition method or a retrospective transition method.~~flow issues to reduce current and potential future diversity in practice. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. An entity that elects early adoption must adopt all of the amendments in the same period. The amendments should be applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. We are currently evaluating the impact of these amendments on ~~its~~our consolidated financial statements.

In ~~March~~June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. ~~2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers~~2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic ~~606)~~326): ~~Principal versus Agent Considerations,~~Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The amendments effected by this ASU affect entities holding financial assets and net investment in leases that are not accounted for at fair value through net income and are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. ASU 2016-13 amends the impairment model to ~~clarify~~utilize an expected loss methodology in place of the ~~implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations and address how an entity should assess whether it is~~currently used incurred loss methodology, which will result in the principal or the agent in contracts that include three or more parties. The effective date and transition requirements for these amendments are the same as the effective date and transition requirementstimelier recognition of ~~ASU 2014-09 (discussed below).~~losses. We are currently evaluating the impact of these amendments on ~~its~~our consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases: (Topic 842), to provide guidance on recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements, specifically differentiating between different types of leases. The core principle of Topic 842 is that a lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from all leases. The recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee have not significantly changed from previous ~~GAAP.~~U.S. GAAP guidance. There continues to be a differentiation between finance leases and operating leases. However, the principal difference from previous guidance is that the lease assets and lease liabilities arising from operating leases should be recognized in the balance sheet. The accounting applied by a lessor is largely unchanged from that applied under previous ~~GAAP.~~U.S. GAAP guidance. The amendments will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. In transition, lessees and lessors are required to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. The modified retrospective approach includes a number of optional practical expedients that entities may elect to apply. These practical expedients relate to the identification and classification of leases that commenced before the effective date, initial direct costs for leases that commenced before the effective date, and the ability to use hindsight in evaluating lessee options to extend or terminate a lease or to purchase the underlying asset. An entity that elects to apply the practical expedients will, in effect, continue to account for leases that ~~commence~~commenced before the effective date in accordance with previous U.S. GAAP guidance unless the lease is modified, except that lessees are required to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all operating leases at each reporting date based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments that were tracked and disclosed under previous ~~GAAP.~~U.S. GAAP guidance. We are currently evaluating the impact of these amendments on ~~its~~our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures; however, based on our current operating leases, we do not expect that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. See Note 6, Commitments and Contingencies, for information about our lease commitments.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which amended the Financial Instruments topic of the ~~Accounting Standards Codification~~ASC to address certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. The amendments will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is not permitted. These amendments should be applied by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the balance sheet as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. The amendments related to equity securities without readily determinable fair values (including disclosure requirements) should be applied prospectively to equity investments that exist as of the date of adoption. We are is currently evaluating the impact of these amendments on ~~its~~our consolidated financial ~~statements.~~statements

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ~~which will supersede nearly all existing~~(Topic 606). The new standard aims to achieve a consistent application of revenue recognition ~~guidance~~within the United States, resulting in a single revenue model to be applied by reporting companies under U.S. GAAP. ~~The core principle~~Under the new model, recognition of ~~ASU 2014-09 is to recognize revenues~~revenue occurs when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services ~~are transferred to customers~~ in an amount that reflects the consideration to which anthe entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. ~~ASU 2014-09 defines a five step process~~In addition, the new standard requires that reporting companies disclose the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The new standard is required to ~~achieve this core principle~~be applied either retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented or retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying it recognized at the date of initial application. In March 2016 and ~~in doing so, more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than are required under existing U.S. GAAP. As amended by~~April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08 and ASU No. 2016-10, respectively, which further clarified the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations contained in ~~July 2015,~~ASU No. 2014-09 and the ~~standard is~~identification of performance obligations and licensing, respectively. In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-12, Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, which provides clarification on assessing the collectability criterion, presentation of sales taxes, measurement date for non-cash consideration and completed contracts at transition. These standards will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods therein, using either of the following transition methods: (i) a full retrospective approach reflecting the application of the standard in each prior reporting period with the option to elect certain practical expedients, or (ii) a retrospective approach with the cumulative effect of initially adopting ASU 2014-09 recognized at the date of adoption (which includes additional footnote disclosures). Early adoption is permitted, but not before December 15, 2016, the original effective date of the standard. We are currently ~~evaluating~~analyzing ASU 2014-09, and the related ASUs, to evaluate the impact of the new standard on existing contracts with our ~~pending adoption~~customers. This includes reviewing current accounting policies and practices to identify potential differences that would result from applying the requirements under the new standard. We initiated a contract review process during 2016 and expect to complete the contract evaluations and validate results by the end of ~~ASU 2014-09~~the second quarter of 2017. We have also started evaluating our existing accounting policies and the new disclosure requirements and expect to complete our evaluation of the impacts of the accounting and disclosure requirements on our ~~consolidated financial statements~~business processes, controls and systems by the end of the second quarter of 2017. Additionally, we will continue to monitor industry activities and any additional guidance provided by regulators, standards setters, or the accounting profession and adjust our assessment and implementation plans accordingly. Full implementation will be completed by the end of 2017. We have not yet determined ~~the~~our selected method ~~by which we will adopt the standard in 2018.~~of transition.

In July 2015, the FASB issued guidance that requires entities to measure most inventory at the lower of cost and NRV, thereby simplifying the current guidance under which an entity must measure inventory at the lower of cost or market. Under the new guidance, inventory is measured at the lower of cost and NRV, which eliminates the need to determine replacement cost and evaluate whether it is above the ceiling (NRV) or below the floor (NRV less a normal profit margin). The guidance defines NRV as the “estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation.” The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods therein. Early application is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of adoption of this guidance on our financial position and results of operations.7

We recognize revenue from the sale of ~~Subsys.~~SUBSYS®. Revenue is recognized when (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred and title has passed, (iii) the price is fixed or determinable and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured.

~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® was commercially launched in March 2012 and is monitored by an ~~FDA mandated~~FDA-mandated REMS program known as the TIRF REMS. We sell ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® in the United States to wholesale pharmaceutical distributors and directly to retail pharmacies, collectively our customers, subject to rights of return within a period beginning six months prior to, and ending 12 months following, product expiration. ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® currently has a shelf life of 36 months from the date of manufacture. We record revenue for ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® at the time the ~~wholesaler~~customer receives the shipment.

We recognize estimated product sales allowances as a reduction of product sales in the same period the related revenue is recognized. Product sales allowances are based on amounts owed or to be claimed on the related sales. These estimates take into consideration the terms of our agreements with customers and third-party ~~payors~~payers and the levels of inventory within the distribution channels that may result in future discounts taken. In certain cases, such as patient assistance programs, we recognize the cost of patient discounts as a reduction of revenue based on estimated utilization. If actual future results vary, we may need to adjust these estimates, which could have an effect on product revenue in the period of adjustment. Our product sales allowances include:

Product Returns. We allow customers to return product for credit beginning six months prior to, and ending 12 months following, the product expiration date. The shelf life of ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® is currently 36 months from the date of manufacture. We have monitored actual return history since product launch, which provides us with a basis to reasonably estimate future product returns, taking into consideration the shelf life of product at the time of shipment, shipment and prescription trends, estimated distribution channel inventory levels, and consideration of the introduction of competitive products.

Because of the shelf life of our products and our return policy of issuing credits on returned product that is within six months before, and up to 12 months after, the product expiration date, there may be a significant period of time between when the product is shipped and when we issue credits on returned product. Accordingly, we may have to adjust these estimates, which could have an effect on product sales and earnings in the period of adjustment. The allowance for product returns is included in accrued sales allowances.

Wholesaler and Retailer Discounts. We offer discounts to certain wholesale distributors and specialty retailers based on contractually determined rates. We accrue the discount as a reduction of receivables due from the wholesalers and retailers upon shipment to the respective wholesale distributors and retail pharmacies.

Prompt Pay Discounts. We offer cash discounts to our customers, generally 2% of the sales price, as an incentive for prompt payment. We account for cash discounts by reducing accounts receivable by the full amount of the discount.

Stocking Allowances. We may offer discounts and extended payment terms, generally in the month of the initial commercial launch of a new product and on the first order made by certain wholesale distributors and retail pharmacies based on contractually determined rates. We accrue the discount as a reduction of receivables due from the wholesalers upon shipment to the respective wholesale distributors and retail pharmacies.

~~Prompt Pay Discounts~~~~. We offer cash discounts to our customers, generally 2.0% of the sales price, as an incentive for prompt payment. We account for cash discounts by reducing accounts receivable by the full amount.~~

Patient Discount Programs. We offer discount card programs to patients for ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS®, in which patients receive discounts on their prescriptions that are reimbursed by us to the retailer. We estimate the total amount that will be redeemed based on a percentage of actual redemption applied to inventory in the distribution and retail channel. The allowance for patient discount programs is included in accrued sales allowances.

Rebates. We participate in certain rebate programs, which provide discounted prescriptions to qualified insured patients. Under these rebate programs, we pay a rebate to the third-party administrator of the program, generally two to three months after the quarter in which prescriptions subject to the rebate are filled. We estimate and accrue these rebates based on current and estimated future contract prices, historical and estimated future percentages of products sold to qualified patients and estimated levels of inventory in the distribution channel. The allowance for rebates is included in accrued sales allowances.

Chargebacks. We provide discounts primarily to authorized users of the FSS of the General Services Administration under an FSS contract negotiated by the Department of Veterans Affairs and various organizations under Medicaid contracts and regulations. These organizations purchase products from the wholesale distributors at a discounted price, and the wholesale distributors then charge back to us the difference between the current retail price and the price the organization paid for the product. We estimate and accrue chargebacks based on estimated wholesaler inventory levels, current contract prices and historical chargeback activity. Estimated chargebacks are recognized as a reduction of revenue in the same period the related revenue is recognized. The allowance for chargebacks is included as a reduction to accounts receivable.

Our policy for short-term and long-term investments is to establish a high-quality portfolio that preserves principal, meets liquidity needs, avoids inappropriate concentrations, and delivers an appropriate yield in relationship to our investment guidelines and market conditions. Short-term and long-term investments consist of corporate and various government agency and municipal debt securities, commercial paper, as well as certificates of deposit that have maturity dates that are greater than 90 days. Certificates of deposit and commercial paper are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. We classify our marketable securities as available-for-sale in accordance with FASB ~~Accounting Standards Codification Topic~~ASC No. 320,Investments — Debt and Equity ~~Securities~~.Securities. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses reported in stockholders’ ~~equity.~~equity, net of related tax effects. There were no reclassifications on available-for-sale securities during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. A decline in the market value of any available-for-sale security below cost that is deemed to be other than temporary results in impairment of the fair value of the investment. We did not have any ~~realized~~unrealized gains or losses or decline in values judged to be other than temporary during the three months ended March 31, ~~2106.~~2017 and 2016. If we had ~~realized~~unrealized gains and losses and declines in value judged to be other than temporary, we would have been required to include those changes in other income/expense in the condensed consolidated statements of ~~income~~operations and comprehensive ~~income.~~income (loss). Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the related available-for-sale security. The cost of securities sold is calculated using the specific identification method. At March 31, ~~2016,~~2017, our certificates of deposit and commercial paper as well as our marketable securities have been recorded at an estimated fair value of ~~$1,134,000, $89,808,000~~$5,009,000, $86,914,000, and ~~$36,443,000~~$63,193,000 in cash and cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments, respectively.

Investments consisted of the following at March 31, ~~2016~~2017 (in thousands):

Investments consisted of the following at December 31, ~~2015~~2016 (in thousands):

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of the marketable securities ~~at March 31, 2016,~~ by maturity, are shown below (in thousands):

The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and the fair value of our investments, with unrealized losses that are not deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position ~~at March 31, 2016~~ (in thousands):

As of March 31, 2017 and 2016, we have concluded that all the unrealized losses on our marketable securities are temporary in nature. Marketable securities are reviewed quarterly for possible other-than-temporary impairment. This review includes an analysis of the facts and circumstances of each individual investment such as the severity of loss, the expectation for that security’s performance and the creditworthiness of the issuer. Additionally, we do not intend to sell, and it is not probable that we will be required to sell, any of the securities before the recovery of their amortized cost basis.

FASB ASC No. 820, “Fair Value Measurement,” defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. It also establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:


Level 1:		Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;


Level 2:		Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and


Level 3:		Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

At March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, we held short-term and long-term investments, as discussed in Note 3, that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis. All available-for-sale investments held by us at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 have been valued based on Level 2 inputs. Available-for-sale securities classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy are valued utilizing reports from an independent third-party ~~asset managers that hold our investments, showing~~public quotation service based on closing prices on the last business day of the period presented. In addition, we use the public quotation service to perform price testing by comparing quoted prices listed in reports provided by the asset managers that hold our investments to quotes listed through the public quotation service. These asset managers utilize an independent pricing source to obtain quotes for most fixed income securities and utilize internal procedures to validate the prices obtained. ~~In addition, we use an independent third-party~~Our Level 3 asset represents our investment in a long-term corporate convertible promissory note and a warrant to ~~perform price testing, comparing a sample~~purchase shares issued in connection with the convertible promissory note, which converted to convertible preferred stock on December 30, 2016. This stock is not listed on any security exchange. The fair value of ~~quoted prices listed in~~ the ~~asset managers’ reports to quotes listed through a public quotation service.~~preferred stock approximates its carrying value at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

Our investments measured at fair value on a recurring basis subject to the disclosure requirements of ASC 820 at March 31, ~~2016 and December 31, 2015~~2017 were as follows (in thousands):


	Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date								Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date
	March 31, 2016		Quoted Prices in active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total		Quoted Prices in active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Marketable securities:
Certificates of deposit									$	25,919	$	—	$	25,919	$	—
Commercial paper										11,963		—		11,963		—
Corporate securities	$	29,371	$	—	$	29,371	$	—		53,701		—		53,183		518
Federal agency securities		18,046		—		18,046		—		33,229		—		33,229		—
Municipal securities		50,445		—		50,445		—		30,304		—		30,304		—


Total assets measured at fair value	$	97,862	$	—	$	97,862	$	—	$	155,116	$	—	$	154,598	$	518


	Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date
	December 31, 2015		Quoted Prices in active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Marketable securities:
Corporate securities	$	27,118	$	—	$	27,118	$	—
Federal agency securities		18,758		—		18,758		—
Municipal securities		53,851		—		53,851		—


Total assets measured at fair value	$	99,727	$	—	$	99,727	$	—

Our investments measured at fair value on a recurring basis subject to the disclosure requirements of ASC 820 at December 31, 2016 were as follows (in thousands):

	Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date
	Total		Quoted Prices in active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Marketable securities:
Certificates of deposit	$	26,114	$	—	$	26,114	$	—
Commercial paper		1,485		—		1,485		—
Corporate securities		39,427		—		38,927		500
Federal agency securities		30,572		—		30,572		—
Municipal securities		35,732		—		35,732		—
Total assets measured at fair value	$	133,330	$	—	$	132,830	$	500

The following table presents additional information about assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and for which we utilize Level 3 inputs to determine fair value for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017		2016
Convertible stock
Balance, beginning of period	$	500	$	—
Change in fair value		18		—
Purchases		—		—
Balance, end of period	$	518	$	—

5.	Inventories, net

Inventories are stated at lower of cost or ~~market.~~NRV. Cost, which includes amounts related to materials and costs incurred by our contract manufacturers, is determined on a first-in, first-out basis. Inventories are reviewed periodically for potential excess, dated or obsolete status. Management evaluates the carrying value of inventories on a regular basis, taking into account such factors as historical and anticipated future sales compared to quantities on hand, the price we expect to obtain for products in their respective markets compared with historical cost and the remaining shelf life of goods on hand.

The components of inventories, net of allowances, are as follows (in thousands):

						March 31,		December 31,
	March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015		2017		2016
Finished goods	$	30,089		$	28,216	$	7,105	$	8,408
Work-in-process		6,262			7,018		6,760		6,183
Raw materials and supplies		7,029			6,481		7,423		5,823
Total inventories							21,288		20,414
Plus: non-current raw materials and supplies and finished goods							3,725		6,257
						$	25,013	$	26,671
Total inventories		43,380			41,715
Less: non-current finished goods		(11,139	)		—

	$	32,241		$	41,715

As of March 31, ~~2016~~2017 and December 31, ~~2015,~~2016, raw materials inventories consisted of raw materials used in the manufacture of the API in our U.S.-based, state-of-the-art dronabinol manufacturing facility and component parts and packaging materials used in the manufacture of ~~Subsys.~~SUBSYS®. Work-in-process consists of actual production costs, including facility overhead and tolling costs of in-process dronabinol and ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® products. Finished goods inventories consisted of finished ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® products. Non-current raw materials and supplies and finished goods represent those inventories not expected to be consumed or sold within 12 months of the balance sheet date and are included in other assets in our condensed consolidated ~~unaudited~~ balance sheets. As of March 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016, all work-in-process inventory is expected to be used within 12 months of the balance sheet date and, therefore, is classified as current inventory. We maintain an allowance for excess and obsolete inventory, as well as inventory where its cost is in excess of its NRV. Inventories at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were reported net of these reserves of $8.9 million and $6.8 million, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, we increased these reserves by $2.1 million. There was no similar expense during the three months ended March 31, 2016.

6.	Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Matters

Other than the matters that we have disclosed below, we from time to time become involved in various ordinary course legal and administrative proceedings, which include intellectual property, commercial, governmental and regulatory investigations, employee related issues and private litigation, which we do not currently believe are either individually or collectively material.

We record accruals for contingencies when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. These accruals are adjusted periodically as assessments change or additional information becomes available. If the reasonable estimate of a probable loss is a range, and no amount within the range is a better estimate, the minimum amount in the range is accrued. If a loss is not probable or a probable loss cannot be reasonably estimated, no liability is recorded. We have established reserves for certain of our legal matters. Our loss estimates are generally developed in consultation with outside counsel and are based on analyses of potential outcomes. As legal and governmental proceedings, disputes and investigations are inherently unpredictable and in part, beyond our control, unless otherwise indicated, we cannot ~~currently~~ reasonably predict the outcome of these legal proceedings, nor can we estimate the amount of loss, or range of loss, if any, that may result from these proceedings. ~~A future adverse outcome~~While our liability in connection with certain claims cannot be currently estimated, the resolution in any reporting period of one or more of these ~~proceedings~~matters could have a significant impact on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for that future period, could ultimately have a material adverse effect on our ~~business,~~consolidated financial ~~condition, results of operations and cash flows,~~position and could cause the market value of our common ~~stock~~shares to decline. While we believe we have valid defenses in these matters, litigation and governmental and regulatory investigations are inherently uncertain, and we may in the future incur material judgments or enter into material settlements of claims.

Government Proceedings

Like other companies in the pharmaceutical industry, we are subject to extensive regulation by national, state and local government agencies in the United States. As a result, interaction with government agencies occurs in the normal course of our operations. The following is a brief description of pending governmental investigations ~~which~~that we believe are potentially or actually material at this time. It is possible that criminal charges and substantial payments, fines and/or civil penalties or damages ~~could result~~or exclusion from ~~any government investigation~~federal health care programs or ~~proceeding,~~other administrative actions, as well as a corporate integrity agreement or similar government mandated compliance document ~~whether~~that institutes significant restrictions or obligations, could result for us from any government investigation or proceeding. In addition, even certain investigations that are not discussed below and which we do not deem ~~an investigation~~ to be material ~~or not~~ at this ~~time.~~time could be determined to be material and could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Department of Health and Human Services ~~Investigation.~~Investigation. We received a subpoena, dated December 9, 2013, from the Office of Inspector General of the ~~Department of Health and Human Services, or~~ HHS in connection with an investigation of potential violations involving HHS programs. ~~The~~This subpoena was issued in connection with an investigation by the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Central District of California. ~~The~~This subpoena requests documents regarding our business, including the commercialization of ~~Subsys.~~SUBSYS®. We are cooperating with this investigation and have produced documents in response to the subpoena and have provided other requested information. We believe a loss is probable with respect to this investigation, but we are not in a position to estimate a range of such loss or other scope and outcome associated with this investigation.

~~HIPPA Investigation.~~HIPAA Investigation. On September 8, 2014, we received a subpoena issued pursuant to ~~HIPPA~~HIPAA from the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of Massachusetts. The subpoena requests documents regarding ~~Subsys,~~SUBSYS®, including our sales and marketing practices related to this product. This investigation also relates to activities in our patient services hub. We are cooperating with this investigation and have produced documents in response to the subpoena and have provided other requested information. We believe a loss is probable with respect to this investigation, but we are not in a position to estimate a range of such loss or other scope and outcome associated with this investigation.

On or about June 23, 2015, a nurse practitioner located in Connecticut, who served on our speaker bureau in connection with our speaker programs designed to educate and promote product awareness and safety for external health care providers, pled guilty to violating the federal Anti-Kickback Statute in connection with payments of approximately $83,000 from us.

Several of our former employees have been charged in criminal proceedings related to our federal investigations. On or about February 18, 2016, one of our former sales employees located in Alabama pled guilty to a conspiracy to violate the federal Anti-Kickback Statute in ~~regards~~regard to two Alabama health care professionals who prescribed our product ~~Subsys. Those~~SUBSYS®. These two Alabama health care professionals, who served on our speaker bureau in connection with our speaker programs designed to educate and promote product awareness and safety for external health care ~~providers.~~providers, were charged by the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of Alabama, and on or about February 23, 2017, were convicted on 19 of 20 counts brought against them, which included charges related to distribution of a controlled substance, drug conspiracy, health care fraud conspiracy and money laundering. Moreover, on or about June 19, 2016, a former district sales manager in New York and a former sales representative in New Jersey were charged in a federal court in Manhattan, New York, with violating the federal Anti-Kickback Statute in connection with interacting with health care professionals who prescribed our product and served on our speaker bureau. Both of these employees have pled not guilty. On or about October 13, 2016, a former prior authorization specialist and manager of our patient services hub was charged by the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of

Massachusetts with conspiracy to commit wire fraud in connection with our provision of prior authorization support related to our patient services hub. On or about December 8, 2016, the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of Massachusetts issued an indictment against six former employees, including Michael L. Babich, our former President, CEO and director, on charges including racketeering conspiracy, conspiracy to commit mail fraud, conspiracy to commit wire fraud, conspiracy to violate the Anti-Kickback Statute and forfeiture. On or about February 8, 2017, a former district sales manager in the Northeast was charged in federal court in New Haven, Connecticut, with violating the federal Anti-Kickback Statute in connection with interacting with health care professionals who prescribed our product and served on our speaker bureau. Other than the former Alabama sales employee, each of these indicted individuals have entered pleas of not guilty to the charges against them. It is possible that additional individual criminal charges and convictions and pleas could result from our ongoing federal and state government investigations and related proceedings. We continue to assess these matters to ensure we have an effective compliance program.

State Related ~~Investigations.~~Investigations. We have received CIDs or subpoenas, as the case may be, from each of the Office of the Attorney General (or similarly named and authorized office) of the State of Arizona, ~~ODOJ, the Attorney General of the Commonwealth of~~Colorado, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Maryland, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania and ~~the Office of the Attorney General of Illinois and~~Washington. Moreover, we have ~~also~~ received aan administrative subpoena from the ~~Chief Consumer Protection and Antitrust Division of the State of New Hampshire.~~California Insurance Commissioner. In addition, we understand that numerous physicians practicing ~~in New Jersey~~within several of the aforementioned states have received subpoenas from ~~the~~each applicable state Attorney General or Department of Justice ~~of the State of New Jersey~~office in connection with ~~these physicians’~~ interactions with ~~our company. These~~us. Generally, these CIDs and subpoenas request documents regarding ~~Subsys,~~SUBSYS®, including our sales and marketing practices related to ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® in the applicable state, as well as our patient services hub. We are cooperating with each of these investigations and have produced documents in response to these CIDs, subpoenas and related requests for information from each office.

In connection with the investigation by the ODOJ, we ~~have~~ entered into a settlement agreement with the ODOJ, referred to as an AVC, and ~~have~~ made monetary payments totaling approximately $1,100,000. The AVC requires us to maintain certain controls and processes around our promotional and sales activity related to ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® in Oregon. This AVC expressly provides that we do not admit any violation of law or regulation. This settlement was reached as result of our cooperation with the ~~ODOJ’s~~ODOJ's investigation and after producing documents in response to certain CIDs and related requests for information from the ODOJ. All monetary payments in connection with this settlement were made prior to December 31, 2015.

In connection with the investigation by the State of Illinois, on August 25, 2016, the Illinois Office of the Attorney General filed a complaint on behalf of the State of Illinois against us in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois, Chancery Division. The complaint asserts a claim for violation of the Illinois Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act in connection with the sales and marketing of SUBSYS® in Illinois. The complaint seeks injunctive relief, including a permanent injunction preventing us from engaging in commerce in the State of Illinois, and civil penalties. The Circuit Court of Cook County extended the time for us to answer or otherwise respond to the complaint and the next status hearing is May 12, 2017. We continue to cooperate with this investigation and to engage in discussions with the Illinois Office of the Attorney General.

In connection with the investigation by the State of New Hampshire, we entered into a settlement agreement with the State of New Hampshire referred to as an assurance of discontinuance, and made monetary payments totaling approximately $2,900,000 to the State of New Hampshire and a charitable contribution of $500,000 to be used by a New Hampshire charitable foundation in preventing or remediating problems related to abuse, misuse or misprescribing of opioid drugs. The assurance of discontinuance expressly provides that we do not admit any violation of law or regulation and requires us to maintain certain controls and processes around our promotional and sales activity related to SUBSYS® in New Hampshire. This settlement was reached as a result of our cooperation with the State of New Hampshire investigation and after producing documents in response to certain requests for information by the State of New Hampshire. These amounts were accrued in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2016 and the payments in connection with this settlement were made during the three months ended March 31, 2017.

In connection with the investigation by the State of Massachusetts, we have made a reasonable estimate of a probable loss of approximately $500,000. We continue to cooperate with the State of Massachusetts investigation, including producing documents in response to certain requests for information. This estimated amount was accrued in the consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2017.

Investigations of ~~Physicians.~~Physicians. In addition to the above investigations that are specifically directed at ~~our company,~~us, we have received governmental agency requests for information, including subpoenas, from the USAO of Connecticut, Eastern District of Michigan, ~~Rhode Island,~~ Florida (Jacksonville), ~~Connecticut,~~ Kansas, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Southern District of New York, ~~and~~Southern District of

Ohio, Southern District of Alabama, Northern District of Texas and Western District of New York regarding specific physicians that we have interacted with in those states.

Opioid Litigation. Many federal and governmental agencies are focused on the abuse of opioids in the United States and agencies such as the HHS have expressed their belief that the United States is in the midst of a prescription opioid abuse epidemic. Common prescription drugs that contain opioids are drugs such as oxycodone, hydrocodone and fentanyl. Our product, ~~Subsys,~~SUBSYS®, is a fentanyl-based product in the TIRF class. Certain stakeholders in the ~~healthcare~~health care community, regulatory bodies and governmental agencies may associate us with, or determine that we are a part of, this perceived opioid abuse epidemic. Like all TIRF products, our product is part of the mandatory TIRF REMS program, which is designed “to ensure informed risk-benefit decisions before initiating treatment, and while patients are treated to ensure appropriate use of TIRF medicines” and “to mitigate the risk of misuse, abuse, addiction, overdose and serious complications due to medication errors with the use of TIRF medicines.” Nevertheless, from time to time, we may be included in litigation or investigations that are directed at the abuse of opioids in the United States.

For example, in May 2014, Santa Clara and Orange Counties in California filed a complaint in state court in Orange County, California against numerous pharmaceutical manufacturers alleging claims related to opioid marketing practices, including false advertising, unfair competition, and public nuisance. Despite the fact that we are not named specifically in the complaint and this lawsuit was recently stayed, we have received a preservation notice letter from the Office of the County Counsel for the County of Santa Clara. From time to time, we may be included in these types of litigations as a result of the fact that we market an opioid product.

In addition, on March 28, 2017, the Ranking Member of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the United States Senate distributed a letter to five manufacturers of opioid products, including us, requesting documents and information intended to aid such committee in understanding the challenges industry practices pose to efforts to curb opioid addiction and stem rising prescription drug costs for the federal government. This letter requests documents regarding our business, including the commercialization of SUBSYS®. We intend to cooperate with this inquiry.

With the exception of the investigations by the ODOJ, ~~investigation~~the State of New Hampshire and the State of Massachusetts, which we have quantified above, we believe a loss from an unfavorable outcome of these federal and state governmental proceedings is reasonably possible and an estimate of the amount or range of loss from an unfavorable outcome is not determinable at these ~~early~~ stages. We believe we have meritorious legal positions and will continue to represent our interests vigorously in these matters. However, responding to government investigations has and could continue to burden us with substantial legal costs in connection with defending any claims raised. Any potential resulting fines, restitution, damages and penalties, settlement payments, pleas or exclusion from federal health care programs or other administrative actions, as well as any related actions brought by ~~shareholders~~stockholders or other third parties, could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Additionally, these matters could also have a negative impact on our reputation and divert the attention of our management from operating our business.

Federal Securities Litigation and Derivative Complaints

Federal Securities Litigation.On or about February 2, 2016, a complaint (captioned Richard Di Donato v. Insys Therapeutics, Inc., et al., Case 2:16-cv-00302-NVW) was filed in the ~~Arizona~~United States District Court for the District of Arizona against us and certain of our current and former officers. ~~This~~The complaint was brought as a purported class action on behalf of purchasers of our common stock between March 3, 2015 and January 25, 2016. In general, the plaintiffs allege that the defendants violated the anti-fraud provisions of the federal securities laws by making ~~intentionally~~materially false and misleading statements regarding our business, operations and compliance with laws during the class period, thereby artificially inflating the price of our common stock. On June 3, 2016, the court appointed Clark Miller to serve as lead plaintiff. On June 24, 2016, the plaintiff filed a first amended complaint naming a former employee of Insys Therapeutics, Inc. as an additional defendant and extending the class period. On December 22, 2016, the plaintiff filed a second amended complaint, primarily to add allegations relating to an indictment of Michael L. Babich and certain of our former employees announced on December 8, 2016, and to extend the class period from August 12, 2014 through December 8, 2016. On January 12, 2017, the defendants moved to dismiss the second amended complaint. The plaintiff seeks unspecified monetary damages and other relief. We intend to vigorously defend against this claim.

On or about March 17, 2017, a complaint (captioned Kayd Currier v. Insys Therapeutics, Inc., et al., Case 1:17-cv-01954-PAC) was filed in United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against us and certain of our officers. The complaint was brought as a purported class action on behalf of purchasers of our securities between February 23, 2016 and March 15, 2017. In general, the plaintiffs allege that the defendants violated the anti-fraud provisions of the federal securities laws by making materially false and misleading statements regarding our business and ~~operations, therefore~~financial results during the class period, thereby artificially inflating the price of our ~~common stock.~~securities. On or about March 28, 2017, a second complaint making similar allegations (captioned Hans E. Erdmann v. Insys Therapeutics, Inc., et al., Case 1:17-cv-02225-PAC) was filed in the same Court. The plaintiffs in both actions seek unspecified monetary damages and other relief. We intend to vigorously defend ~~this claim.~~against these claims.

Derivative Litigation. On or about August 26, 2016, Gary Hirt and Precieux Art Jewelers Inc. filed a derivative complaint in the Court of Chancery of Delaware against members of our Board of Directors and Michael L. Babich. The plaintiffs allege, among other things, that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties by (a) knowingly overseeing the implementation of an illegal sales and marketing program, (b) consciously disregarding their duty of oversight of our compliance with laws and (c) trading on the basis of material non-public information. On November 8, 2016, the plaintiffs filed an amended derivative complaint, and on January 26, 2017, the plaintiffs supplemented the amended derivative complaint, primarily to add allegations relating to the indictment of Michael L. Babich and certain of our former employees announced on December 8, 2016. On November 22, 2016, the defendants moved to dismiss the action.

On or about February 2, 2017, Michael Bourque filed a derivative complaint in the Court of Chancery against members of our Board of Directors; Michael L. Babich; Franc Del Fosse, our General Counsel; and Sanga Emmanuel, our Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer. The Bourque derivative complaint contains similar claims as the other derivative complaint. All parties stipulated to consolidate the two actions, and the consolidated action is captioned In re Insys Therapeutics, Inc. Derivative Litigation, C.A. No. 12696-VCMR. Following the submission of motions for appointment as lead counsel, the Court held a hearing on March 23, 2017, and appointed counsel for Gary Hirt and Precieux Art Jewelers Inc. as lead counsel. Lead counsel is required to designate an operative complaint or file a consolidated complaint. The plaintiffs seek unspecified monetary damages and other relief derivatively on behalf of Insys Therapeutics, Inc.

We intend to vigorously defend against these claims.

General Litigation and Disputes

Kottayil vs. Insys Pharma, ~~Inc.~~Inc. On September 29, 2009, Insys Pharma, Inc., our wholly owned subsidiary, and certain of our officers and the five directors who comprised the Insys Pharma board of directors as of June 2009, as well as their spouses, were named as defendants in a lawsuit in the Superior Court of the State of Arizona, Maricopa County, or the Arizona Superior Court, brought by Santosh Kottayil, Ph.D., certain of his family members and a trust of which Dr. Kottayil is the trustee. Dr. Kottayil formerly served as President, Chief Scientific Officer and a director of Insys Pharma, among other positions. The complaint brought a cause of action for statutory and common law appraisal of Dr. Kottayil’s Insys Pharma common stock. The cause of action for appraisal relates to a reverse stock split that Insys Pharma effected in June 2009, which resulted in Dr. Kottayil’s ownership position becoming a fractional share of Insys Pharma common stock. Following the reverse stock split, Insys Pharma cancelled all resulting fractional shares, including the fractional share held by Dr. Kottayil, and offered a cash payment in lieu of the fractional shares. The complaint also brought causes of action for breach of fiduciary duty, fraud and negligent misrepresentation in the defendants’ dealings with Dr. Kottayil on the subject of his compensation and stock ownership in Insys Pharma. In January 2010, the plaintiffs added claims seeking to rescind Dr. Kottayil’s assignment to Insys Pharma of his interest in all of the fentanyl and dronabinol patent applications previously assigned to Insys Pharma and to recover the benefits of those interests. Dr. Kottayil was seeking, among other relief, the fair value of his Insys Pharma common stock as of June 2, 2009, compensatory and punitive damages, and rescission of all assignments to Insys Pharma of his interest in the patent applications, as well as attorneys’ fees, costs and interest.

In February 2010, Insys Pharma and the other defendants answered and filed counter-claims to Dr. Kottayil’s amended complaint. The counter-claims include actions for breach of fiduciary duty, fraud and negligent misrepresentations and omissions with respect to the time during which Dr. Kottayil was employed at Insys Pharma. The counter-claims, among other relief, sought compensatory and punitive damages.

Discovery on all of the foregoing claims was completed and a trial was scheduled to commence on January 27, 2014; however, on January 22, 2014, the court vacated the trial and granted plaintiffs leave to file an amended complaint to add Insys Therapeutics, Inc. as a defendant.

On January 29, 2014, the plaintiffs filed a second amended complaint in the Arizona Superior Court in which Insys Therapeutics, Inc. was also named as defendant in this lawsuit. This amended complaint filed by plaintiffs re-alleged substantially the same claims set forth in the prior complaint, except that plaintiffs also alleged that they were entitled to

rescissory damages, added our majority stockholder, a private trust, as a defendant to the breach of fiduciary duty claim and revised their fraud claim against the Insys Pharma director defendants.

~~On February 25, 2014, we filed a Motion to Dismiss the Kottayil Plantiffs’ claims for a statutory and common law appraisal. The motion was denied on May 2, 2014.~~

The trial commenced on December 1, 2014, with the evidence phase of the trial completed on January 29, 2015.

On June 8, 2015, the court issued findings of fact and conclusions of law in its final trial ruling. Specifically, the court found (i) in favor of Insys Pharma, our majority stockholder, a private trust and four of the Insys Pharma directors who were on the board in July 2008 on plaintiffs’ claim for breach of fiduciary duty arising out of transactions the board approved in July 2008, (ii) found in favor of plaintiffs and against Insys Pharma, Inc., our majority stockholder, a private trust and three of the Insys Pharma directors who were on the board in June 2009 on plaintiffs’ claims under Delaware law and for breach of fiduciary duties arising out of the reverse stock split the board approved in June 2009 in the amount of $7,317,450, along with pre-judgment and post-judgment interest and court costs, (iii) found in favor of two of the Insys Pharma directors who were on the Insys Pharma board as of June 2009 and against plaintiffs on plaintiffs’ breach of fiduciary duty claims, (iv) found in favor of Insys Pharma and against plaintiff (Kottayil) on his claim for rescission of the patent application assignments that he entered in favor of Insys Pharma before and after his employment terminated, (v) found in favor of Insys ~~Therapuetics,~~Therapeutics, Inc. and against plaintiff on ~~plaintiffs’~~plaintiffs' claims of successor liability and fraudulent transfer, and (vi) found in favor of Kottayil and against Insys Pharma on Insys Pharma’s counterclaims of breach of fiduciary duty, fraud, and negligent misrepresentation.

On October 2, 2015, the court entered a final judgment, awarding plaintiffs the amount of $7,317,450, along with pre-judgment interest from June 2, 2009, and post-judgment interest, from October 2, 2015, at the rate of 4.25% per annum, compounded quarterly and taxable costs in the amount of $93,163. On the same date, the court denied Kottayil’s request to submit an application for attorneys’ fees for his defense of the Insys Pharma counterclaims, finding that the request was premature.

As a result of the final ruling, we have accrued $9,567,000 at March 31, 2017, including $2,249,000 of estimated pre-judgement interest, which represents our current best estimate of this contingent liability. The final outcome of the appeal could cause this estimate to vary materially from the final award.

On October 20, 2015, plaintiffs appealed the foregoing judgment and on November 4, 2015, Insys Pharma and the other defendants against whom judgment was entered filed a notice of cross-appeal. The appeal and cross-appeal remain pending before the Court of Appeals for the State of Arizona. Plaintiffs have filed their opening brief and we have filed our answering brief and opening brief on cross-appeal. The Plaintiffs’ deadline to file their combined reply in support of their appeal and answering brief for the cross-appeal is June 20, 2016.

As a result of the final ruling, we have accrued $9,567,000 at March 31, 2016 including $2,249,000 of estimated pre-and post-judgement interest. The final outcome of the appeal which could cause the estimates to vary materially from the final award.

On or around November 1, 2015, we received a notice from ~~Dr. Kottayil’s~~the plaintiff’s attorneys demanding indemnification for legal and other defense costs alleged to have been incurred in connection with Dr. Kottayil’s defense of the Insys Pharma counterclaims in the amount of $3,630,000. We responded to these demands by, among other things, requesting supporting documents and information from the plaintiffs’ counsel, which we have not received yet. Accordingly, we are still in the process of assessing the merit of such claims as well as evaluating the basis for the costs claimed. Because of the uncertainty surrounding the ultimate outcome, we have not accrued for this claim at this time; however, we believe that that it is reasonably possible that there may be a material loss associated with this claim and we currently estimate the range of the reasonably possible loss to be between $0 and the $3,630,000 claimed.

On or about August 1, 2016, plaintiffs filed opening and reply and cross response briefs and we filed our answering and cross-appeal brief and our reply in support of our cross-appeal. On Wednesday, April 5, 2017, the Arizona Court of Appeals conducted oral argument on the plaintiffs’ appeal and on our cross-appeal. The parties now await a decision from the Arizona Court of Appeals.

Markland. On July 1, 2016, Robert N. Markland, as the Personal Representative of the Estate of Carolyn S. Markland filed a complaint in the Circuit Court, Fourth Judicial Circuit, in and for Duval County, Florida, against Insys Therapeutics, Inc. The complaint states that it is a wrongful death products liability action brought pursuant to Section 768.16, et seq. under Florida law in connection with a death occurring in July 2014 and includes a claim of negligent marketing. The lawsuit seeks unspecified damages for past expenses and costs, pain and suffering and loss of consortium and earnings. On August 4, 2016, we removed this case to federal district court in the Middle District of Florida. On September 2, 2016, we filed a motion to dismiss and are awaiting the court’s ruling. We intend to vigorously defend this matter and based on currently available information, we do not believe any resolution of this matter will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, or future results of operations.

Buchalter. On September 9, 2016, Jeffrey Buchalter filed a complaint in the Circuit Court for Anne Arundel County, Maryland, Case No. C-02-cv-16-002718, against Dr. William Tham, Physical Medicine & Pain Management Associates, Maryland Neurological Institute, various physician assistants, and Insys Therapeutics, Inc. Plaintiff’s complaint states it is a personal injury action against Insys related to negligent misrepresentation, failure to warn and fraud under state laws. The lawsuit seeks unspecified compensatory and punitive damages. We have filed a motion to dismiss and on or about May 6, 2017, the court denied the motion to dismiss. We intend to vigorously defend this matter and based on currently available information, we do not believe any resolution of this matter will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, or future results of operations.

Colby. On or about January 25, 2017, Mackenzie Colby filed a complaint in the State of New Hampshire Strafford County Superior Court, Case No. 219-2017-CV-00040, against Christopher Clough, PA, Dr. O’Connell’s Pain Care Centers, Inc., and Insys Therapeutics, Inc. Plaintiff’s complaint states it is a personal injury action against Mr. Clough related to medical negligence, against O’Connell’s Pain Care Centers, Inc. for respondeat superior claims, and against Insys Therapeutics, Inc. for negligence, all under state laws. The lawsuit seeks unspecified compensatory and punitive damages. We intend to vigorously defend this matter and based on currently available information, we do not believe any resolution of this matter will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, or future results of operations.

Perusse. On or about February 21, 2017, John Perusse filed a complaint in the State of New Hampshire Strafford County Superior Court, Case No. 219-2017-CV-00067, against Christopher Clough, PA, Dr. John J Schermerhorn, Dr. O’Connell’s Pain Care Centers, Inc., and Insys Therapeutics, Inc. Plaintiff’s complaint states it is a personal injury action against Mr. Clough related to medical negligence, against O’Connell’s Pain Care Centers, Inc. for respondeat superior claims, and against Insys Therapeutics, Inc. and Dr. Schermerhorn for negligence, all under state laws. The lawsuit seeks unspecified compensatory and punitive damages. We filed a motion to dismiss/strike on April 20, 2017 and plaintiff filed a motion to amend the complaint on April 25, 2017. Both of these motions are pending. We intend to vigorously defend this matter and based on currently available information, we do not believe any resolution of this matter will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, or future results of operations.

Cassell. On or about March 8, 2017, Jerome Cassell filed a complaint in the State of New Hampshire Strafford County Superior Court, Case No. 219-2017-CV-00085, against Christopher Clough, PA, Dr. John J Schermerhorn, Dr. O’Connell’s Pain Care Centers, Inc., and Insys Therapeutics, Inc. Plaintiff’s complaint states it is a personal injury action against Mr. Clough related to medical negligence, against O’Connell’s Pain Care Centers, Inc. for respondeat superior claims, and against Insys Therapeutics, Inc. and Dr. Schermerhorn for negligence, all under state laws. The lawsuit seeks unspecified compensatory and punitive damages. We filed a motion to dismiss/strike on April 18, 2017 and plaintiff filed a motion to amend the complaint on April 25, 2017. Both of these motions are pending. We intend to vigorously defend this matter and based on currently available information, we do not believe any resolution of this matter will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, or future results of operations.

Carver. On or about March 20, 2017, a qui tam complaint entitled United States ex rel. Lori L. Carver v. Physicians Pain Specialists of Alabama, P.C., Xiulu Ruan, M.D., John Patrick Couch, M.D., C&R Pharmacy, LLC, Castle Medical, LLC, Insys Therapeutics, Inc., Industrial Pharmacy Management, LLC and Christopher Manfuso; Case No. 13-392, that had been filed under seal with the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Alabama Southern Division, was ordered unsealed by the court. The U.S. Department of Justice declined to intervene in this action. The complaint was originally brought by Ms. Carver, a former employee of Physician Pain Specialists of Alabama, P.C., as a private party qui tam relator on behalf of the federal government. The action alleges civil violations of the federal False Claims Act committed by the defendants related to fraudulent claims by defendants for payment in connection with federally-funded Medicare programs, as well as other federally-funded health care programs as a result of alleged illegal activity under the Stark Law and Federal Anti-Kickback Laws. On May 1, 2017, we filed a motion to dismiss and this motion is pending. We intend to vigorously defend this claim and based on currently available information, we do not believe any resolution of this matter will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, or future results of operations.

Fuller. On or about March 23, 2017, Deborah Fuller & David Fuller, as Administrators Ad Prosequendum for the Estate of Sarah A. Fuller, deceased, and Deborah Fuller and David Fuller, individually, filed a complaint in the Superior Court of New Jersey Law Division, Middlesex County, Case No. L1859-17, against Vivienne Matalon, M.D., TLC Healthcare 2, LLC, Linden Care and Insys Therapeutics, Inc. The plaintiff’s complaint alleges negligence violations under the Wrongful Death Act pursuant to N.J.S.A 2A:31, et seq. The answer to the complaint is due on May 19, 2017. We intend to vigorously defend this matter and based on currently available information, we do not believe any resolution of this matter will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, or future results of operations.

Except as it pertains to the $9,567,000 accrued for the dispute with Dr. Kottayil and the potential for damages in the ~~Federal Securities~~federal securities litigation and derivative action that we believe should be sufficiently covered by our director and officers insurance policies (once we have met any applicable retainage requirement under the applicable policy), we believe that the probability of unfavorable outcome or loss related to all of the above litigation matters and an estimate of the amount or range of loss, if any, from an unfavorable outcome are not determinable at this time. We believe we have meritorious legal positions and will continue to represent our interests vigorously in these matters but the range of possible outcomes on these matters is very broad and we are not able to provide a reasonable estimate of our potential liability, if any, nor are we able to predict the outcome of each litigation matter.

Responding to each of these litigation matters, defending any claims raised, and any resulting fines, restitution, damages and penalties, or settlement payments, as well as any related actions brought by shareholders or other third parties, could have a material impact on our reputation, business and financial condition and divert the attention of our management from operating our business.

~~Patent-Related Matters.~~ On August 26, 2015, we received purported service of notice of three IPR petitions filed by a hedge fund with the Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB) of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, challenging three of the four Orange Book-listed patents covering Subsys (US Patent Nos. 8,486,972; 8,835,459 and 8,835,460). On March 10, 2016, the PTAB declined to institute an IPR of the aforementioned three patents covering Subsys. The challenging party subsequently requested refunds of certain fees it paid the USPTO for its three petitions and, accordingly, has decided not to file requests for rehearing of these decisions and the proceedings are complete.

~~Wayne Automatic Fire Sprinklers~~. On or about January 26, 2016, Wayne Automatic Fire Sprinklers, Inc., of Wayne (“Wayne”), which installs, repairs, and monitors fire sprinkler and fire alarm systems throughout Florida and provides health insurance benefits to its employees and covered dependents through its self-funded health benefit plan filed a complaint in the Circuit Court of the Ninth Judicial Circuit in and for Orange County, Florida. Wayne is seeking injunctive relief and damages in excess of $75,000, exclusive of interest, costs and attorneys’ fees, against Insys Therapeutics, Inc., Gessler Clinic, P.A., Edward Lubin, M.D., UMR, Inc. and OptumRx, Inc., as defendants, for claims based under the Florida Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act pursuant to section 895.03(3), Florida Statutes, the Florida Civil Remedies for Criminal Practices Act pursuant to section 772.103(3), Florida Statutes, the Florida Deceptive and Unfair Trade Practices Act under sections 501.201-501.203, Florida Statutes, common law fraud, and civil conspiracy, as well as breach of contract against UMR and OptumRx. The complaint alleges certain claims related to Subsys were erroneously paid by Wayne’s health benefit plan between January 2014 and October 2014 in connection with benefits totaling approximately $198,000 as a result of misrepresentations and failure to properly convey the nature of the indications the prescriptions were written for by the prescribing physician. We plan to vigorously defend this lawsuit.

Material Agreements

In April 2015, we entered into an amendment to our DPT manufacturing and supply agreement ~~with DPT,~~dated May 24, 2011, as amended, which extends our existing manufacturing and supply agreement to produce ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® until the end of 2020. In addition to extending the term, this amendment added certain minimum purchase commitments.

OnIn October ~~30,~~ 2015, we entered into an amended and restated supply, development &and exclusive licensing agreement with Aptar, which, among other things, extended our exclusive supply rights to the current sublingual spray device currently utilized by ~~Subsys,~~SUBSYS®, as well any new device(s) jointly developed by the two companies for a period of seven years. In addition to extending the term, this amendment added certain minimum purchase commitments and requires certain tiered royalties as a percentage of net revenue to be paid by us ranging from less than one percent to the low single digits, commencing in March 2016 through the term of this agreement, from our sales of ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® and future products that use the Aptar spray device technology.

In January 2016, we assigned our rights, title, duties and obligations under our manufacturing and supply agreement with DPT and our supply, development and exclusive licensing agreement with Aptar from our parent to our manufacturing subsidiary as part of a corporate restructuring.

In July 2016, we, through our manufacturing subsidiary, entered into a further amendment to our DPT manufacturing and supply agreement. This amendment effectively eliminates any prior minimum purchase (and batch) obligations that had been set forth in the amendment dated April 30, 2015, and replaces them with a new annual purchase commitment of $4,000,000 per calendar year commencing January 1, 2017 through December 31, 2020. As a result, the cumulative effect related to this amendment reduces our aggregated minimum purchase commitments with DPT from $49,740,000 to $16,000,000 through December 31, 2020.

The following table sets forth our aggregate minimum purchase commitments with DPT and Aptar under these agreements (in thousands):


Years ending December 31,
Remainder of 2016	$	1,825
2017		10,450
Remainder of 2017			$	6,000
2018		14,650		7,500
2019		18,260		8,410
2020		20,840		8,550
2021				4,330
Thereafter		4,330		—

Total	$	70,355	$	34,790

7.	Stock-based Compensation

Amounts recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of ~~income~~operations and comprehensive income (loss) with respect to our stock-based compensation plans were as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended
	2016		2015		March 31,
	(As Restated)				2017		2016
Research and development	$	861	$	341	$	1,033	$	861
General and administrative		3,265		3,379		2,959		3,265

Total cost of stock-based compensation	$	4,126	$	3,720	$	3,992	$	4,126

The following table summarizes stock option activity during the three months ended March 31, 2017:

						Weighted
				Weighted		Average		Aggregate
				Average		Remaining		Intrinsic
	Number of			Exercise		Contractual		Value
	Shares			Price		Term (in years)		(in millions)
Vested and exercisable as of December 31, 2016		4,474,906		$	9.05
Outstanding as of December 31, 2016		7,300,873		$	12.36
Granted		1,216,000		$	12.53
Cancelled		(301,133	)	$	17.30
Exercised		(191,249	)	$	3.42
Outstanding as of March 31, 2017		8,024,491		$	12.42		7.5	$	21.1
Vested and exercisable as of March 31, 2017		4,570,276		$	9.61		6.3	$	20.7

As of March 31, ~~2016,~~2017, we expected to recognize ~~$39,839,000~~$33,459,000 of stock-based compensation for outstanding options over a weighted-average period of ~~2.9~~2.8 years.

From time to time we grant restricted stock units to certain employees and directors. Restricted stock units are valued at the closing market price of our common stock on the day of grant and the total value of the units is recognized as expense ratably over the vesting period of the grants. The following table summarizes restricted stock ~~option~~unit activity ~~as of December 31, 2015 and for~~during the three months ended March 31, ~~2016:~~2017:

         Weighted
         Average
      Weighted    Remaining    Aggregate
   Number of
Shares    Average
Exercise
Price    Contractual
Term (in
years)    Intrinsic
Value
(in millions)
Vested and exercisable as of December 31, 2015
   3,772,736    $ 6.91



Outstanding as of December 31, 2015
   7,138,089    $ 12.33
Granted
   364,000    $ 16.69
Cancelled
   (152,835 )    $ 15.98
Exercised
   (265,325 )    $ 4.94



Outstanding as of March 31, 2016
   7,083,929    $ 12.75    7.6    $ 45.4



Vested and exercisable as of March 31, 2016
   3,837,871    $ 7.76    6.8    $ 36.6

				Weighted
				Average
	Number of			Grant-Date Fair
	Units			Value Per Unit
Outstanding as of December 31, 2016		—		$	—
Granted		282,000		$	12.65
Vested		—		$	—
Cancelled		(2,000	)	$	12.65
Outstanding as of March 31, 2017		280,000		$	12.65

As of March 31, 2017, we expected to recognize $3,394,000 of stock-based compensation for outstanding restricted stock units over a weighted-average period of 2.7 years.

Cash received from option exercises under all ~~share-based~~stock-based payment arrangements for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $654,000 and ~~2015 was~~ $1,310,000, ~~and $3,130,000,~~ respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2016, ~~and 2015,~~ we recorded net reductions of $653,000 ~~and $3,601,000, respectively,~~ of our federal and state income tax liability, with an offsetting credit to additional paid-in capital, resulting from the excess tax benefits of stock options.

Effective January 1, 2017, the adoption of ASU 2016-09 eliminated the recognition of excess tax benefits of stock options in additional paid-in capital. All excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies on stock-based payment awards are recognized as income tax expense or benefit in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The tax effects of exercised or vested awards are treated as discrete items in the reporting period in which they occur. For the three months ended March 31, 2017, we recorded net reductions of $192,000 of our federal and state income tax liability, with an offsetting credit recorded within income tax expense, resulting from the excess tax benefits of stock options.

8.	Net Income (Loss) per Share

Basic net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing the net income allocable to the common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. The diluted income per share further includes any common shares available to be issued upon exercise of outstanding stock options if such inclusion would be dilutive.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts):

   Three Months Ended
   March 31,
   2016    2015

(As Restated)

Historical net income per share - Basic

Numerator:

Net income
   $ 2,290    $ 5,867




Denominator:

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
   71,592,089    70,916,828




Basic net income per common share
   $ 0.03    $ 0.08




Historical net income per share - Diluted

Numerator:

Net income
   $ 2,290    $ 5,867




Denominator:

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
   71,592,089    70,916,828
Effect of dilutive stock options
   2,870,789    4,001,490




Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
   74,462,878    74,918,318




Diluted net income per common share
   $ 0.03    $ 0.08

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017			2016
Historical net income (loss) per share - Basic
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$	(6,524	)	$	2,290
Denominator:
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding		71,945,743			71,592,089
Basic net income (loss) per common share	$	(0.09	)	$	0.03
Historical net income (loss) per share - Diluted
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$	(6,524	)	$	2,290
Denominator:
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding		71,945,743			71,592,089
Effect of dilutive stock options		—			2,870,789
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding		71,945,743			74,462,878
Diluted net income (loss) per common share	$	(0.09	)	$	0.03

As we have incurred a net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2017, basic and diluted per share amounts are the same, since the effect of potential common share equivalents is anti-dilutive. Anti-dilutive share equivalents included ~~3,419,359~~74,665 and ~~1,584,504~~3,419,359 outstanding stock options as of March 31, ~~2016~~2017 and ~~2015,~~2016, respectively.

9.	Product Lines, Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Customers

We are engaged in the business of developing and selling pharmaceutical products. In 2017 and 2016, we ~~have~~had one product line, ~~Subsys.~~SUBSYS®. Our chief operating decision-maker evaluates revenues based on product lines.

The following ~~tables summarize~~table summarizes our ~~net revenue by product line, as well as the percentages~~percentage of revenue by route to market (in thousands):

   Net Revenue by
Product Line
   Three Months Ended March 31,
   2016    2015

(As Restated)

Subsys
   $ 60,421    $ 67,462
Dronabinol SG Capsule
   —      230




Total net revenue
   $ 60,421    $ 67,692

	Percent of Revenue by Route to Market
	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017			2016
Pharmaceutical wholesalers		66	%		73	%
Specialty pharmaceutical retailers		34	%		27	%
		100	%		100	%

   Percent of Revenue by Route to
Market
   Three Months Ended March 31,
   2016 2015
Pharmaceutical wholesalers
   73 % 100 %
Specialty pharmaceutical retailers
   27 % 0 %


   100 % 100 %

All our products are sold in the United States of America.

Product shipments to our four largest pharmaceutical wholesalers accounted for 21%, 20%, 11%, and 10% of total shipments and product shipments to one specialty pharmaceutical retailer accounted for 31% of total shipments for the three months ended March 31, 2017. Product shipments to our three largest pharmaceutical wholesalers accounted for 21%, 19% and 16% of total shipments and product shipments to one specialty pharmaceutical retailer accounted for 27% of total shipments for the three months ended March 31, 2016. ~~Product shipments to our~~Our four largest pharmaceutical ~~wholesalers~~wholesalers’ accounts receivable balances accounted for 28%, ~~23%~~21%, ~~19%~~20%, and ~~18%~~16% of ~~total shipments for the three months ended~~gross accounts receivable as of March 31, ~~2015.~~2017. Our two largest pharmaceutical wholesalers’ accounts receivable balances accounted for 25% and 25% of gross accounts receivable ~~and one specialty pharmaceutical retailers’ accounts receivable balance accounted for 33% of gross accounts receivable balance~~ as of March 31, 2016. ~~Our four largest pharmaceutical wholesalers’ accounts receivable balances accounted for 20%, 19%, 17% and 14% of gross accounts receivable as of December 31, 2015.~~

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form ~~10-Q/A~~10-Q and the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, ~~2015~~2016, and the related Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, both of which are contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Forward-Looking Statements

The information in this discussion contains forward-looking statements and information within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which are subject to the “safe harbor” created by those sections. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements concerning our strategy, future operations, future financial position, future revenues, projected costs, prospects and ~~the factors affecting our future performance;~~ plans and objectives of management; ~~that ESI~~PBM formulary changes relative to ~~Subsys will not~~SUBSYS® or established for SYNDROS™ (once commercially launched, if at all) that may have a material impact on ~~our~~future net revenue; our intent to file an IND application for the treatment of epilepsy with ~~Cannabidiol in 2016;~~cannabidiol; the sufficiency of our manufacturing capacity; the beneficial attributes of our dronabinol product ~~candidates;~~candidates and delivery mechanisms; that our suppliers are equipped to supply us with our current and future chemical needs; that pending dronabinol candidates will default to Schedule II classification; that changes in health care laws will result in reduced Medicaid and Medicare payments for prescription drugs; that sales and marketing and research and development costs will be our largest categories of expenses; that sales and marketing expenses will fluctuate based on changes in ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® net revenue; ~~that our Subsys revenue will increase during the remainder of 2016; that cash flows from operating activities will increase;~~ our development of different dronabinol delivery systems; our anticipated timing of the ~~source~~commercial launch of SYNDROS™; our ability to obtain finalization of labeling by the FDA as the final approval prior to commercial launch of SYNDROS™; that we can maintain or even grow market share and ~~sufficiency~~net revenue for SUBSYS® and our strategies relating thereto; that we may pursue strategies relating to synthetic cannabidiol; our sales and marketing strategy for future products and delivery systems; that we may pursue strategic transactions such as acquisitions of other companies, asset purchase, out- or in-licensing of products, strategic partnerships, joint ventures, divestitures, business combinations and investments; our ~~liquidity~~ability to obtain foundation materials and manufacture dronabinol in light of government quotas; our ~~capital resources~~strategy of using Marinol as a reference drug in future drug approval applications; the expected pathway of drug applications we expect to ~~fund~~file in the future; that physicians and payers will continue to gain familiarity about and accept the features of SUBSYS®; our ~~operations;~~plans and strategies for obtaining future international approvals; our plans and strategies to protect our intellectual property; our intention of not paying dividends; possible capital raising transactions we may pursue; that we ~~will hire additional sales and marketing,~~may avail ourselves of certain Nasdaq governance provisions because of our status as a controlled company; that research and development and ~~administrative personnel and~~ operating costs ~~relating thereto~~ will increase; that our investments in our sales and research and development infrastructure will result in increased sales; accounting estimates and the impact of new or recently issued accounting pronouncements; that cash flows from operations will increase and/or stabilize as a result of ~~increased~~ sales of ~~Subsys;~~SUBSYS®; the source and sufficiency of our liquidity and capital resources to fund our operations; trends in restrictions and impediments relating to reimbursement policies imposed by ~~pharmacy benefit managers;~~PBMs; the impact of pending litigation and our strategy relating thereto; that we will not recognize revenue in the near term from current research and development initiatives; our exposure to interest rate changes and market risks ~~relating~~related to our ~~investments.~~investments; and the potential impact of Section 382 limitations on our NOLs. The words “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “projects,” “will,~~” “should,” “could,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,~~” “would” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Actual results or events could differ materially from the plans, intentions and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements that we make. The forward-looking statements are applicable only as of the date on which they are made, and we do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements in this Form ~~10-Q/A~~10-Q are made based on our current expectations, forecasts, estimates and assumptions, and involve risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause results or events to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements. In evaluating these statements, you should specifically consider various factors, uncertainties and risks that could affect our future results or operations as described from time to time in our SEC reports, including those risks outlined under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2015.~~2016. These factors, uncertainties and risks may cause our actual results to differ materially from any forward-looking statement set forth in this Form ~~10-Q/A.~~10-Q. You should carefully consider these ~~risk~~risks and uncertainties described and other information contained in the reports we file with or furnish to the SEC before making any investment decision with respect to our securities. All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. Some of the important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statements ~~including,~~include, but are not limited to, the following:

the impact of ongoing regulatory review of SUBSYS® and other product candidates that receive regulatory approval;

•

~~the impact of ongoing regulatory review of Subsys and other product candidates that receive regulatory approval;~~•

•

our dependence on sales of ~~Subsys;~~SUBSYS®;

market acceptance, including by third-party payers, of our products;

the unpredictability and regulation surrounding the reimbursement of SUBSYS® by third-party payers;

the success of our sales and marketing strategies;

our ability to manage growth in our business;

manufacturing failures;

challenges relating to our operation of a second dronabinol manufacturing facility;

our limited manufacturing capabilities and our reliance on third parties in our product supply chain;

delays in manufacturing or interruption of our sublingual spray delivery system;

competition;

our ability to achieve and maintain adequate levels of third-party payer and reimbursement coverage for sales of our products;

our reliance on wholesale pharmaceutical distributors for sales of our products through to the retail distribution channel;

our reliance on third parties for the performance of services relating to SUBSYS®, including invoicing, storage and transportation;

our ability to develop a pipeline of product candidates;

any failure of our clinical trials to demonstrate acceptable levels of safety and efficacy;

expenses, delays, changes and terminations that could adversely affect the design and implementation of our clinical trials;

reliance on third parties to conduct and oversee our clinical trials;

acceptance by the FDA of our data from our clinical trials conducted outside the United States;

risks and uncertainties associated with starting materials sourced from India;

our ability to meet Section 505(b)(2) regulatory approval pathways or requirements for our product candidates;

annual DEA quotas on the amount of dronabinol allowed to be produced in the United States;

our failure to successfully acquire, develop or market additional product candidates;

our ability to retain key management and other personnel;

misconduct and improper activities by our employees, prescribing physicians and other persons involved in the marketing and distribution of our products;

our ability to utilize our net operating loss and research and development tax credit carryforwards;

the adverse impacts of strategic transactions;

our exposure to product liability claims;

our ability to comply with environmental laws relating to our use of hazardous materials;

security system failures;

natural disasters;

our significant operating expenses and need for potential additional funding;

our failure to comply with federal and state health care laws, including fraud and abuse and health information privacy and security laws;

undesirable side effects of our products and the potential for post-approval regulatory action relating to such side effects;

•

~~market acceptance, including by third-party payors, of our products;~~•

•
~~the unpredictability and regulation surrounding the reimbursement of Subsys;~~

•

~~the success of our sales and marketing strategies;~~

•

~~our ability to manage growth in our business;~~

•

~~our ability to obtain regulatory approval for Syndros, our dronabinol oral solution;~~

•

~~manufacturing failures;~~

•

~~challenges relating to our operation of a second dronabinol manufacturing facility;~~

•

~~our limited manufacturing capabilities and our reliance on third parties in our product supply chain;~~

•

~~delays in manufacturing or interruption of our sublingual spray delivery system;~~

•

~~competition;~~

•

~~our ability to achieve and maintain adequate levels of third-party payor and reimbursement coverage for sales of our products;~~

•

~~our reliance on wholesale pharmaceutical distributors for sales of our products through to the retail distribution channel;~~

•

~~our reliance on third parties for the performance of services relating to Subsys, including invoicing, storage and transportation;~~

•

~~our ability to develop a pipeline of product candidates;~~

•

~~our failure to obtain or maintain Schedule III classification for our dronabinol product candidates;~~

•

~~failure of our clinical trials to demonstrate acceptable levels of safety and efficacy;~~

•

~~expenses, delays, changes and terminations that could adversely affect the design and implementation of our clinical trials;~~

•

~~reliance on third parties to conduct and oversee our clinical trials;~~

•

~~acceptance by the FDA our data from our clinical trials conducted outside the United States;~~

•

~~risks and uncertainties associated with starting materials sourced from India;~~

•

~~our ability to meet Section 505(b)(2) regulatory approval pathways or requirements for our product candidates;~~

•

~~annual DEA quotas on the amount of dronabinol allowed to be produced in the United States;~~

•

~~our failure to successfully acquire, develop or market additional product candidates;~~

•

~~our ability to retain key management and other personnel;~~

•

~~misconduct and improper activities by our employees, prescribing physicians and other persons involved in the marketing and distribution of our products;~~

•

~~our ability to utilize our net operating loss and research and development tax credit carryforwards;~~

•

~~the adverse impacts of strategic transactions;~~

•

~~our exposure to product liability claims;~~

•

~~our ability to comply with environmental laws relating to our use of hazardous materials;~~

•

~~security system failures;~~

•

~~natural disasters;~~

•

~~our significant operating expenses and need for potential additional funding;~~

•

~~our failure to comply with federal and state healthcare laws, including fraud and abuse and health information privacy and security laws;~~

•

~~undesirable side effects of our products and the potential for post-approval regulatory action relating to such side effects;~~

•

the impact of changes in policies and funding resulting from ~~healthcare~~health care reform measures, including the impact on the funding, staffing and leadership of the FDA and other agencies;

heightened attention on the use of opioids, including government litigation, changes in policies, and legislation at the federal and local level;

•

our ability to obtain and enforce patent rights or other intellectual property rights that cover our products and product candidates;

costs of litigation and our ability to protect our intellectual property rights;

our exposure to litigation relating to infringement suits against us;

our exposure to claims that our employees or independent contractors have wrongfully used or disclosed to us trade secrets of their other clients or former employers;

our compliance with the procedural, document submission, fee payment and other requirements needed to apply for patents;

control over the Company by its founder, director and principal stockholder;

fluctuation in the price of our common stock;

our ability to maintain and improve our financial controls and related compliance with SEC and stock exchange listing standards;

lack of, or inaccurate, published research about us;

the impact of future sales of our common stock or securities convertible into our common stock;

the effect of anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and under Delaware law;

the impact of our exemptions from certain Nasdaq independence rules because of our status as a “controlled company”; and

our intention to not pay dividends in the foreseeable future.

~~heightened attention on the use of opiods, including government litigation, changes in policies, and legislation at the federal and local level;~~

•

~~our ability to obtain and enforce patent rights or other intellectual property rights that cover our products and product candidates;~~

•

~~costs of litigation and our ability to protect our intellectual property rights;~~

•

~~our exposure to litigation relating to infringement suits against the Company;~~

•

~~our exposure to claims that our employees or independent contractors have wrongfully used or disclosed to the Company trade secrets of their other clients or former employers;~~

•

~~our compliance with the procedural, document submission, fee payment and other requirements needed to apply for patents;~~

•

~~control over the Company by its founder, Executive Chairman and principal stockholder;~~

•

~~fluctuation in the price of our common stock;~~

•
~~our ability to maintain and improve our financial controls and related compliance with SEC and stock exchange listing standards;~~

•

~~lack of, or inaccurate, published research about the Company;~~

•

~~the impact of future sales of our common stock or securities convertible into our common stock;~~

•

~~the effect of anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and under Delaware law;~~

•

~~the impact of our exemptions from certain Nasdaq independence rules because of our status as a “controlled company”; and~~

•

~~our intention to not pay dividends in the foreseeable future.~~

Additionally, there may be other risks that are otherwise described from time to time in the reports that we file with the ~~Securities and Exchange Commission.~~SEC. Any forward-looking statements in this report should be considered in light of various important factors, including the risks and uncertainties listed above, as well as others.

~~Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements~~

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations gives effect to the restatement adjustments made to the previously reported unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015. As discussed in Note 1 to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, our management concluded that the errors related to the miscalculation of rebate obligations on government payer and managed care contracts, in addition to the out-of-period adjustment related to stock option modifications during the three months ended March 31, 2016 were material. In order to correctly present net revenue and operating expenses in the appropriate periods during 2016 and 2015, our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the quarters ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 have been restated. For additional information and a detailed discussion of the restatement, see “Explanatory Note” and the section entitled “Restatement of Financial Statements” in Note 1 to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Amended~~Form 10-Q.~~

Overview

We are a commercial-stage specialty pharmaceutical company that develops and commercializes innovative supportive care products. We have one commercially marketed product and one ~~discontinued product:~~

product awaiting final labeling approval by the FDA, prior to commercial launch, after receiving FDA approval in July 2016 and DEA scheduling in March 2017:

~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® — a proprietary, single-use product that delivers fentanyl, an opioid analgesic, for transmucosal absorption underneath the tongue, offered in 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1,200 and 1,600 mcg dosages. ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® is approved for the treatment of BTCP in opioid-tolerant patients. We received FDA approval for ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® in January 2012 and commercially launched ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® in March 2012.

~~Dronabinol SG Capsule~~SYNDROS™ — a dronabinol ~~soft gelatin capsule~~oral solution that is ~~a generic~~ equivalent to Marinol, an approved second-line treatment for CINV and anorexia associated with weight loss in patients with ~~AIDS, offered in 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 milligram dosages.~~AIDS. We received FDA approval for ~~Dronabinol SG Capsule~~SYNDROS™ in ~~August 2011.~~July 2016. In March 2017, the DEA issued an interim final ruling that would result in SYNDROS™ being placed in Schedule II of the CSA. We ~~commercially launched Dronabinol SG Capsule through our former exclusive distribution partner, Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Inc., in December 2011. We do not have any current plans~~are currently awaiting the finalization of labeling by the FDA as the final approval prior to ~~manufacture or market this product in the future.~~commercial launch.

We market ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® through our U.S.-based field sales force focused on supportive care physicians. We utilize an incentive-based sales model that employs a pay structure where a significant component of the compensation paid to sales representatives is in the form of potential bonuses based on sales performance.

Consistent with most pharmaceutical manufacturing companies, we sell ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® primarily to pharmaceutical wholesalers and collect sales proceeds from those wholesalers. For the three months ended March 31, 2017, sales to our four largest wholesale customers accounted for 62% of gross revenue. We also sell SUBSYS® directly to certain specialty pharmaceutical retailers who distribute our product. For the three months ended March 31, 2017, direct sales to specialty pharmaceutical retailers accounted for 31% of gross revenue. We do not own or have any ownership stake in any pharmaceutical wholesaler or specialty

pharmacy, nor do we have an option to acquire any ~~wholesaler. For the three months ended March 31, 2016, sales to our three largest wholesale customers accounted for 56% of gross revenue. We also sell Subsys directly to~~wholesaler or specialty pharmaceutical retailers. For the three months ended March 31, 2016 direct sales to specialty pharmaceutical retailers accounted for 27% of gross revenue. We distribute Subsys through both specialty and traditional retail pharmacies.pharmacy. All pharmacies that fulfill ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® prescriptions are fully independent. ~~We do not own or have an ownership stake in any pharmacy and do not possess an option to acquire any pharmacy.~~ Our relationships with every pharmacy that fulfills ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® prescriptions are non-exclusive in that each of these pharmacies may also fulfill prescriptions for other pharmaceutical ~~manufacturers.~~manufacturers, including our competitors. For the three months ended March 31, ~~2016, more than 700~~2017, over 365 independent pharmacies have fulfilled at least one ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® prescription.

Our sales of, and revenue from, ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® depend in significant part on the coverage and reimbursement policies of third-party payers, including government payers, such as Medicare and Medicaid, and private health insurers. All third-party payers are sensitive to the cost of drugs and consistently implement efforts to control these costs, which efforts include, but are not limited to, establishing excluded or preferred drug lists. ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® has been, and will likely continue to be, subject to these restrictions and impediments from third-party payers, particularly PBMs and private health insurers. We provide administrative reimbursement support assistance, in large part through our ~~insurance reimbursement support~~patient services hub, ~~which provides administrative support assistance~~ to help patients coordinate with their insurance companies.

We are also developing other product candidates, such as ~~dronabinol~~cannabinoid line extensions and sublingual spray product candidates. Our most advanced potential cannabinoid line extension is Syndros. This product candidate has demonstrated more rapidly detectable blood levels and a more reliable absorption profile than Marinol in our clinical studies. We believe these attributes may ultimately increase patient compliance because of more rapid onset of action and less dose-to-dose variability, which we believe will allow us to further penetrate and potentially expand the market for the medical use of dronabinol. In August 2015, FDA accepted for filing the NDA for Syndros. The PDUFA goal date for a decision on this NDA is July 1, 2016, which reflects a Standard Review by the FDA.

We produce the API for ~~Syndros~~SYNDROS™ at our U.S.-based, state-of-the-art dronabinol manufacturing facility. ~~While we~~We believe that this facility has the capacity to supply sufficient commercial quantities of dronabinol API for our initial launch quantities of ~~Syndros,~~SYNDROS™, if ~~approved,~~final approvals are obtained, and support the continued development of our other dronabinol product candidates in the ~~near-term,~~near-term. However, we have opened and expanded a second dronabinol manufacturing facility, which we anticipate will enable us to supply sufficient commercial quantities of dronabinol API for the anticipated commercialization of our proprietary dronabinol product candidates, if approved.

We have the capability to manufacture pharmaceutical CBD, an over 99.5% pure form of cannabidiol, in our Round Rock, Texas manufacturing facility. On April 23, 2015, we announced that we had commenced dosing of epilepsy patients in a Phase I PK study in pediatric subjects. We intend to file an IND application with the FDA for the treatment of epilepsy.

Factors Affecting Our Performance

We believe that our performance and future success are dependent upon a number of factors, including our approved product sales, investments in our infrastructure and growth, and our ability to successfully develop product candidates, and complete related regulatory processes. In addition, our ability to ensure that our products, policies and practices adhere to the extensive national, state, and local regulations applicable to our industry is critical to our success, particularly as our operations and product opportunities continue to grow at a rapid pace. While each of these areas presents significant opportunities for us, they also pose significant risks and challenges that we must successfully address.

Approved Product Sales. Our operating results will depend significantly upon our, and any of our third-party distributors’, sales of approved products. During the three months ended March 31, ~~2016,~~2017, all of our net revenues were generated from the sale of our approved product, ~~Subsys. We will not generate any meaningful revenue from the sale of our discontinued Dronabinol SG Capsule in future periods.~~SUBSYS®. Our results ~~will~~ depend on prescription volume generally, which we believe ~~will be~~is driven primarily by achievement of broad market acceptance and coverage by third-party ~~payors~~payers, and effectiveness of the marketing and selling efforts with respect to ~~Subsys.~~SUBSYS®. Moreover, our gross margins improve on a unit-by-unit basis as we sell higher dosage strengths of our products. Importantly, the proportion of prescriptions written for repeat ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® patients has continued to increase since July 2012 from 50% of prescriptions to approximately ~~93%~~91% of prescriptions as of March 31, ~~2016.~~2017. Generally, repeat ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® patients receive significantly higher doses of ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® on average than first-time patients, as patients are titrated from a starter dose of ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® to their effective dose in accordance with the TIRF REMS protocol.

According to QuintilesIMS, a worldwide integrated information and technology health care service provider, the total market for TIRF products for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was approximately 12,300 prescriptions and we estimate SUBSYS® prescriptions were approximately 35% of the TIRF market, compared to a total market for TIRF products of approximately 20,200 prescriptions and approximately 43% SUBSYS® market share for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

The continuing and heightened publicity surrounding the national opioid epidemic continues to result in sensitivity by some health care professionals to prescribe, and pharmacies to dispense, opioids. In part, this sensitivity by health care professionals and pharmacies is the result of third-party payers, such as insurance companies, and regulatory and government agencies increasingly scrutinizing the indications and uses for which health care professionals are prescribing, and pharmacies are dispensing, opioids. Moreover, ongoing state and federal investigations into our sales, marketing and other commercial practices and developments and media reports that may arise in connection with such investigations may negatively affect our relationships with health care professionals and pharmacies and their prescribing or dispensing habits. Consequently, these current and potential future events have affected and will likely continue to affect, the manner in which, and the situations when, SUBSYS® is being prescribed, dispensed and approved for coverage. While we continue to sell directly into wholesalers and retail pharmacies for our revenue, the direct pressures discussed above related to the retail demand-side components of our business will likely result in our inability to grow full-year 2017 SUBSYS® revenue at similar levels when compared to 2016. In addition, for the same reasons, we anticipate that we will experience future declines in SUBSYS® revenue for the remainder of 2017 when compared to prior quarters in 2016.

Third Party Payer Interactions and Government Programs Associated with Reimbursement.Our interaction with third-party payers is critical to the success of our business and financial condition. Our relationships with these third-party payers evolves on a regular basis and is often difficult to predict. By way of example, from time to time, third-party payers modify which drugs they choose to reimburse. For instance, on or around August 1, 2014, ESI officially released its exclusion list of drugs, effective January 1, 2015, in connection with its national preferred formulary. Our product, Subsys, was included on this exclusion list. ESI is a large PBM that administers prescription drug benefits for employers and health plans and runs large mail-order pharmacies. While ESI, like most PBMs, has an exception process that physicians may pursue to have an off-formulary, medically necessary drug covered for patients, this decision will make it difficult for many patients covered through an ESI administered plan to have Subsys covered by insurance. The ESI formulary change did not have a material impact on our net revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2016; however, otherOther PBMs may take similar actions and ~~this action by ESI~~these actions may have a material impact on our net revenue in the future. As we have in the past, we will continue working with ~~other~~ PBMs to evaluate price increases and to communicate with managed care and health-system decision-makers to ensure a balanced approach, which takes into account the clinical performance and efficacy of our products.

In addition, from time to time, our business may be affected by evolving or new governmental programs in the reimbursement landscape. For instance, CMS, which is part of the ~~HSS,~~HHS, has instituted The Recovery Audit ~~Program the~~Program. The program’s mission ~~of which~~ is to identify and correct improper Medicare payments through the efficient detection and collection of overpayments made on claims of health care services provided to Medicare beneficiaries, and the identification of underpayments to providers so that ~~the~~ CMS can implement actions that will prevent future improper payments in all 50 states. We are aware that in January 2016, certain specialty pharmacies received written correspondence from Humana indicating that as a result of a CMS audit, Humana was initiating a deletion of certain PDEs related to ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS®, which will result in a reversal and recovery of identified claims paid to certain pharmacies. This audit by CMS may have been part of The Recovery Audit Program or a similar initiative of CMS. Based upon information available to us, all of these claims involve Medicare Part D patients whose prescriptions were in connection with off-label indications and related to approximately $5.6 million in ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® claims in the aggregate. Upon our inquiry for more information about these matters, Humana notified us that these deletions of certain PDEs resulting from the CMS audit also involve TIRF medications other than ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® and Humana intends to resolve these matters with the pharmacies. We believe that some affected pharmacies may alter their processes and or protocols related to dispensing ~~off label~~off-label TIRF prescriptions to Medicare patients as a result of these and similar events.

Investments in Our Infrastructure and ~~Growth~~.Growth. Our ability to increase our sales and to further penetrate our target market segments is dependent in part on our ability to invest in our infrastructure and in our sales and marketing efforts. In order to drive further growth, we may hire additional sales and marketing personnel and invest in marketing our products to our target physician prescriber base. For example, as of March 31, ~~2016,~~2017, we had ~~343~~235 full-time sales and marketing personnel. This will lead to corresponding increases in our operating expenses, although we anticipate that these investments will result in increased product sales and net revenue. In addition, we have constructed a second dronabinol manufacturing facility, which we anticipate will supply us with sufficient commercial quantities of dronabinol API for the commercialization of our proprietary dronabinol product candidates, if approved. This second facility will also increase our operating expenses.

Product Development and Related Regulatory Processes. Our operating results will also depend significantly on our research and development activities and related regulatory developments. Our research and development expenses were ~~$19.0~~$12.9 million and ~~$10.6~~$19.0 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2016~~2017 and ~~2015,~~2016, respectively. As of March 31, ~~2016,~~2017, we had 8058 full-time research and development personnel. We expect research and development expenses to increase as we ~~increase related headcount and~~ continue our planned preclinical studies and clinical trials for our product candidates, particularly our proprietary cannabinoid product candidates, including ~~Syndros,~~SYNDROS™, and sublingual spray product candidates. We do not expect to realize net revenues from all of these research and development initiatives in the near term and may never realize net revenues from these investments. Due to the risks inherent in conducting preclinical studies and clinical trials, the regulatory approval process and the costs of preparing, filing and prosecuting patent applications, our development completion dates and costs will vary significantly for each product candidate and are very difficult to estimate. The lengthy process of seeking regulatory approvals and the subsequent compliance with applicable regulations require the expenditure of substantial additional resources. Any failure by us to obtain, or any delay in obtaining, regulatory approvals or acceptable DEA classifications for our product candidates, in particular those related to ~~Syndros,~~SYNDROS™, could cause our research and development expenditures to increase significantly and in turn, have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Basis of Presentation

Net Revenue

~~During the year ended December 31, 2012, we began recognizing net revenue from sales of Subsys made by us.~~ We sell ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® in packages of various sized single-dose units in dosage strengths of 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1,200 and 1,600 mcg to wholesale pharmaceutical distributors and speciality retail pharmacies, collectively, our customers, on a wholesale basis. Sales to our customers are subject to specified rights of return. We record revenue for ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® at the time the ~~wholesaler~~customer receives the shipment.

Cost of Revenue, Gross Profit and Gross Margin

Cost of revenue consists primarily of materials, third-party manufacturing costs, freight in, indirect personnel costs, and other overhead costs based on units dispensed through patient prescriptions. Also, included in cost of revenue are charges for reserves for excess, dated or obsolete commercial inventories and production manufacturing variances.

Gross profit is net revenue less cost of revenue. Gross margin is gross profit expressed as a percentage of net revenue.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Our sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries, commissions, benefits, consulting fees, costs of obtaining prescription and market data, and market research studies related to ~~Subsys.~~SUBSYS®. As of March 31, ~~2016,~~2017, we had ~~343~~235 full-time sales and marketing personnel. ~~We expect the number of our sales and marketing personnel to increase as we seek to continue to increase our existing product sales and as any subsequently approved products are commercialized.~~ We expect our sales and marketing expenses, along with our research and development expenses, to be our largest categories of operating expenses for the foreseeable future. In addition, because we use an incentive-based compensation model for our sales professionals, we expect our sales and marketing expenses to fluctuate from period to period based on changes in ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® net revenue. ~~Specifically, we expect our sales and marketing~~We will also incur expenses ~~to increase in the near future~~directly related to the ~~extent that expected increases in Subsys net revenue are realized.~~launch of SYNDROS™, if finalization of labeling by the FDA is obtained.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses consist of costs associated with our preclinical studies and clinical trials, and other expenses related to our drug development efforts. Our research and development expenses consist primarily of:

external research and development expenses incurred under agreements with third-party CROs and investigative sites, third-party manufacturers and consultants;

employee-related expenses, which include salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation for the personnel involved in our preclinical and clinical drug development activities; and

facilities, depreciation and other allocated expenses, equipment and laboratory supplies.

To date, our research and development efforts have been focused primarily on our fentanyl, dronabinol, buprenorphine and cannabidiol programs. As of March 31, ~~2016,~~2017, we had 8058 full-time research and development personnel. We expect research and development expenses to increase as we ~~increase related headcount and~~ continue our planned preclinical studies and clinical trials for our product ~~candidates, particularly our proprietary dronabinol product candidates, including Dronabinol Oral Solution.~~candidates. We determine which research and development projects to pursue, as well as the level of funding available for each project, based on the scientific and preclinical and clinical results of each product candidate and related regulatory action.

The following table provides a breakdown of our research and development expenses during the three months ended March 31, ~~2016~~2017 and ~~2015~~2016 (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended
	2016		2015		March 31,
	(As Restated)				2017		2016
Cannabidiol	$	3.7	$	4.1	$	2.6	$	3.7
Buprenorphine						0.5		2.7
Fentanyl						1.5		2.0
LEP-ETU and IL-13						0.1		1.1
Naloxone						0.3		0.5
Dronabinol						0.5		0.5
Ondansetron						—		0.2
Buprenorphine/Naloxone		0.5		1.1		0.1		0.5
LEP-ETU and IL-13		1.1		0.7
Buprenorphine		2.7		0.5
Ondansetron		0.2		0.2
Dronabinol		0.5		0.1
Fentanyl		2.0		0.1
Sildenafil		0.2		—		—		0.2
Naloxone		0.5		—
Internal research and development costs						7.0		7.1
Other		0.5		0.5		0.3		0.5
Internal research and development costs		7.1		3.3

Total research and development expenses	$	19.0	$	10.6	$	12.9	$	19.0

General and Administrative Expenses

Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related costs for personnel in executive, finance, accounting, legal, business development and internal support functions. In addition, general and administrative expenses include facility costs not otherwise included in research and development expenses and professional fees for legal, consulting and accounting services. As of March 31, ~~2016,~~2017, we had 4746 full-time general and administrative personnel. We expect general and administrative expense to modestly increase as a result of ~~increasing related headcount,~~ expanding our operating activities and the costs we will incur operating as a public company. We expect these increases to include salaries and related expenses, legal and consultant fees, regulatory fees as new products are commercialized, accounting fees, director fees, increased directors’ and officers’ insurance premiums, fees for investor relations services, and enhanced business and accounting systems.

~~Charges Related to Litigation Award and Settlements~~

Charges related to litigation award and settlements for the three months ended March 31, 2015 represent a legal accrual of $8.0 million related to our dispute with Dr. Kottayil. There was no similar expense for the three months ended March 31, 2016. See Note 6 of the Notes to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of our ongoing dispute with Dr. Kottayil.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

We account for income taxes based upon an asset and liability approach. Deferred tax assets and liabilities represent the future tax consequences of the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of assets and liabilities versus the tax basis of assets and liabilities. Under this method, deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences, and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in our opinion, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The impact of tax rate changes on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in the year that the change is enacted. We also account for the uncertainty in income taxes by utilizing a comprehensive model for the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure in financial statements of any uncertain tax positions that have been taken or are expected to be taken on an income tax return.

Significant Accounting Polices and Estimates

There were no changes in our significant accounting policies and estimates during the three months ended March 31, ~~2016~~2017 from those set forth in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2015.~~

2016.

Results of Operations

Comparison of Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2016~~2017 to Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2015~~2016

The following table presents certain selected consolidated financial data for the three months ended March 31, ~~2016~~2017 and ~~2015~~2016, expressed as a percentage of net revenue:


	Three Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended
	2016			2015			March 31,
	(As Restated)						2017			2016
Net revenue		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%
Cost of revenue		7.7			9.4			12.9			7.7

Gross profit		92.3			90.6			87.1			92.3

Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing		32.8			30.9			43.5			32.8
Research and development		31.5			15.7			36.0			31.5
General and administrative		24.3			19.6			41.8			24.3
Charges related to litigation award and settlements		—			11.8

Total operating expenses		88.6			78.0			121.3			88.6

Operating income		3.7			12.6


Other income (expense):
Operating income (loss)								(34.2	)		3.7
Other income:
Interest income		0.4			0.2			1.2			0.4
Other income (expense), net		0.1			—

Total other income (expense)		0.5			0.2


Income before income taxes		4.2			12.8
Income tax expense		0.4			4.2

Net income		3.8	%		8.6	%

Other income, net								0.1			0.1
Total other income								1.3			0.5
Income (loss) before income taxes								(32.9	)		4.2
Income tax expense (benefit)								(14.8	)		0.4
Net income (loss)								(18.1	)%		3.8	%

Net Revenue. Net revenue decreased ~~$7.3~~$24.4 million, or ~~11%~~40.5%, to $~~60.4~~$36.0 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2016,~~2017, compared to ~~$67.7~~$60.4 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2015.~~2016. The decrease in net revenue was attributable to a decrease in net revenue of ~~Subsys. The decrease in Subsys net revenue~~SUBSYS®, which was ~~primarily a~~the result of a ~~32%~~35.5% decrease in SUBSYS® shipments to pharmaceutical wholesalers and specialty pharmaceutical retailers for the three months ended March 31, ~~2016~~2017 due primarily to reduced demand for SUBSYS®, as compared to the three months ended March 31, ~~2015, partially offset by~~2016, combined with a ~~20% increase~~5.0% decrease in net sales price ~~which was impacted by price increases in January 2015, July 2015, and January 2016, combined with~~due to changes in mix of prescribed dosages and changes in provisions for wholesaler discounts, patient discounts, rebates, and ~~returns.~~returns, partially offset by price increases in January 2016, July 2016, and January 2017. Provisions for ~~wholesaler~~patient discounts, ~~patient~~wholesaler discounts, rebates, and returns ~~decreased~~were $4.6 million, $3.6 million, $8.1 million, and ($0.4) million, respectively, or 30.6% on a combined basis of gross revenue from the sale of SUBSYS® for the three months ended March 31, 2017, compared to ~~$6.7 million,~~ $16.1 million, ~~$8.3~~$5.5 million, $9.5 million, and ($0.5) million, respectively, or 33.6% on a combined basis of gross revenue from the sale of ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® for the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared to $8.4 million, $17.0 million, $11.5 million and $0.6 million, respectively, or 35.6% on a combined basis of gross revenue from the sale of Subsys for the three months ended March 31, 2015.2016. The decrease in product sales allowances was primarily attributable to ~~decreased sales,~~ lower volumes of patient assistance during the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2016. As described in “Factors Affecting Our Performance – Approved Product Sales”, the continuing sensitivity by some health care professionals to prescribe, and ~~lower rebate rates due~~pharmacies to ~~recent price increases. We expect net~~dispense, opioids, scrutiny by third party payers and governmental agencies, and ongoing state and federal investigations, and media reports related thereto, will likely result in our inability to grow full-year SUBSYS® revenue ~~from sales of Subsys to continue to increase during~~for the remainder of ~~2016 due primarily to anticipated increases in the number of prescriptions fulfilled, combined with changes in prescription strength mix.~~

~~There was no net revenue from the sales of Dronabinol SG Capsule during the three month period ended March 31, 2016,~~2017 when compared to ~~$0.2 million during~~2016. In addition, for the ~~three month period ended March 31, 2015. We~~same reasons, we anticipate that we will ~~not generate any meaningful~~experience future declines in SUBSYS® revenue ~~from~~for the ~~sale~~remainder of ~~Dronabinol SG Capsule~~2017 when compared to prior quarters in ~~future periods.~~2016.

Cost of Revenue, Gross Profit and Gross Margin. Cost of revenue ~~decreased $1.8~~was $4.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $4.6 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2016 compared~~2016. Gross profit decreased $24.5 million to ~~$6.4~~$31.3 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2015. The decrease in cost of revenue was primarily attributable to the decrease in sales of Subsys during the three months ended March 31, 2016. Gross profit decreased $5.5 million~~2017 compared to $55.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 ~~compared~~due primarily to ~~$61.3~~the decrease in sales of SUBSYS®. Also contributing to the decrease in gross profit was an increase in the inventory obsolescence reserve of $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2015 due primarily to~~2017. There was no similar expense for the ~~decrease in sales of Subsys.~~three months ended March 31, 2016. Gross margin for the three months ended March 31, ~~2016~~2017 was approximately ~~92%~~87% compared to approximately ~~91%~~92% for the three months ended March 31, ~~2015.~~2016.

Sales and Marketing Expense. Sales and marketing expense decreased ~~$1.1~~$4.1 million to $15.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $19.8 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2016 compared to $20.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015.~~2016. The decrease in sales and marketing expense was due primarily to the decrease in sales of ~~Subsys.~~

SUBSYS®.

Research and Development Expense. Research and development expense ~~increased $8.4~~decreased $6.1 million to $12.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017, compared to $19.0 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2016,~~2016. The decrease in research and development expense was primarily due to decreases in research and development personnel and clinical and development expenses incurred during 2017 when compared to ~~$10.6~~2016.

General and Administrative Expense. General and administrative expense increased $0.3 million to $15.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The increase in research and development expense was due primarily to an increase in research and development personnel and to clinical and development expenses incurred during 2016 related to growing our product pipeline.

~~General and Administrative Expense.~~ ~~General and administrative expense increased $1.5 million~~2017 compared to $14.7 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2016 compared to $13.2~~2016.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit). Provision for income taxes was $(5.3) million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2015. The increase in general and administrative expense was due primarily~~2017, representing an effective tax benefit of 44.9%, as compared to ~~an increase in general and administrative personnel and to legal expense incurred in connection with various ongoing government investigation and subpoena related matters.~~

~~Charges Related to Litigation Award and Settlements.~~ Charges related to litigation award and settlements for the three months ended March 31, 2015 represents an $8.0 million legal expense accrual associated with our dispute with Dr. Kottayil. There was no similar expense for the three months ended March 31, 2016. See Note 6 of the Notes to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion on our ongoing dispute with Dr. Kottayil.

~~Income Tax Expense.~~ ~~Provision for income taxes was~~ $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, representing an effective tax expense rate of 9.3%~~, as compared to $2.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015, representing an effective tax rate of 32.4%~~. The ~~decrease~~change in the effective rate for the period ended March 31, ~~2016~~2017, compared with the same period in the previous year, is due principally to ~~increased benefit~~the favorable rate impact of the income tax credits. As of March 31, ~~2016,~~2017, we had approximately $1.1 million of federal and ~~$268~~$272.8 million of state net operating loss carry forwards.

We had unrecognized tax benefits of approximately ~~$10.5~~$10.3 million as of March 31, ~~2016,~~2017, primarily associated with tax positions taken in prior ~~year.~~years. No significant penalties and ~~$0.3~~$0.8 million of interest are included in income taxes and accounted for on the balance sheet related to unrecognized tax positions.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Sources of Liquidity

Current operations are financed principally with existing cash on hand and cash flows from operations.

Cash Flows

The following table shows a summary of our cash flows for the periods indicated (in millions):

							Three Months Ended
	Three Months Ended						March 31,
	March 31,						2017			2016
	2016			2015
	(As Restated)
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	12.3		$	16.9
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities							$	(16.7	)	$	12.2
Net cash used in investing activities		(6.6	)		(11.6	)		(20.2	)		(6.5	)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities		(11.4	)		6.7

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		(5.7	)		12.0
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities								0.7			(11.4	)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents								(36.2	)		(5.7	)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		79.5			58.1			104.6			79.5

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	73.8		$	70.1		$	68.4		$	73.8

Cash Flows From Operating Activities.Net cash ~~provided by~~used in operating activities was ~~$12.3 million and $16.9~~$16.7 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2016 and 2015, respectively.~~2017, as compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $12.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016. The net cash ~~provided~~used during the three months ended March 31, ~~2016~~2017 primarily reflects the net ~~income~~loss for the period driven by ~~Subsys~~a reduction in SUBSYS® net sales, adjusted in part by depreciation and amortization and stock-based compensation expense, and is also impacted by changes in working ~~capital.~~capital and payments in connection with the settlement of the investigation by the State of New Hampshire.

Cash Flows From Investing Activities.Net cash used in investing activities was ~~$6.6~~$20.2 million and ~~$11.6~~$6.5 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2016~~2017 and ~~2015,~~2016, respectively, and consists primarily of the purchase of investments and property and equipment.

Cash Flows From Financing Activities.Net cash provided by financing activities was $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017, as compared to net cash used in financing activities ~~was~~of $11.4 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2016, as compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $6.7 million for~~2016. During the three months ended March 31, ~~2015.~~2017, we recorded proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $0.7 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we expended approximately $13.4 million to repurchase shares of our common stock, partially offset by excess tax benefits on stock options and awards of ~~$0.~~7$0.7 million and proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $1.3 million. ~~During the three months ended March 31, 2015, we recorded excess tax benefits on stock options and awards of $3.6 million, and received proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $3.1 million.~~

We invoice pharmaceutical wholesalers and specialty pharmaceutical retailers upon shipment of ~~Subsys.~~SUBSYS®. To date, our ~~wholesalers~~customers have typically paid us 30 to 60 days from their applicable invoice dates.

Our cash flows for ~~2016~~2017 and beyond will depend on a variety of factors, including sales of ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® and ~~any additional approved products,~~our anticipated launch of SYNDROS™, regulatory approvals, investments in manufacturing and production, ~~such as our second dronabinol manufacturing facility,~~ capital equipment, and research and development. We expect our net cash flows from operating activities to ~~increase as we expect to increase~~fluctuate with the sales of ~~Subsys,~~SUBSYS® and SYNDROS™, partially offset by anticipated expansion in ~~sales and marketing,~~ research and development, manufacturing, and general and administrative ~~expenses as a public company.~~expenses.

Funding Requirements

We believe that our cash from operations and our pre-existing cash and cash equivalents, together with interest thereon, will be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months.

Because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with commercialization of ~~Subsys~~SUBSYS® and the development of our other product candidates, we are unable to predict the amounts of increased capital outlays and operating expenditures associated with our current anticipated product introduction, clinical trials and preclinical studies. The timing and amounts of our funding requirements will depend on numerous factors, including but not limited to:

the levels and mix of our product sales;

the rates of progress, costs and outcomes of our clinical trials and other product development programs, including ~~for Syndros and any other~~ product candidates that we may develop, in-license or acquire;

regulatory approvals, DEA classifications and other regulatory related events;

personnel, facilities, equipment and other similar requirements;

costs of operating as a public company;

the effects of competing technological and market developments;

costs associated with litigation and government investigations;

costs and judgements of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing any patent claims and other intellectual property rights associated with our product candidates;

our ability to acquire or in-license products and product candidates, technologies or businesses; and

terms and timing of any additional collaborative, licensing, co-promotion or other arrangements that we may establish.

Although we generated cash from operating activities during the three months ended March 31, ~~2016~~2017, and we expect to continue to fund our operations primarily from operating activities, we cannot guarantee that we will generate sufficient operating cash flows to fund our planned activities. We cannot be sure that additional financing will be available when needed, or that, if available, financing will be obtained on terms favorable to us or our stockholders. Having insufficient funds may require us to delay, scale back or eliminate some or all of our research or development programs or to relinquish greater or all rights to product candidates at an earlier stage of development or on less favorable terms than we would otherwise choose. If we raise additional funds by issuing equity or convertible securities, substantial dilution to existing stockholders will likely result. If we raise additional funds by incurring new debt obligations, the terms of the debt will likely require significant cash payment obligations as well as covenants and specific financial ratios that may restrict our ability to operate our business.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

During the three months ended March 31, ~~2016,~~2017, we did not have any relationships with unconsolidated organizations or financial partnerships, such as structured finance or special purpose entities that would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Refer to Note 1 to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

At March 31, ~~2016, $19.0~~2017, $34.8 million of our cash equivalent investments was in money market securities that are reflected as cash equivalents because all original maturities are within 90 days. ~~Included in money~~Money market securities ~~are~~may consist of commercial paper, Federal agency discount notes and money market funds. We believe our interest rate risk with respect to these investments is limited due to the short-term duration of these arrangements and the yields earned, which approximate current interest rates.

Our policy for our short-term and long-term investments is to establish a high-quality portfolio that preserves principal, meets liquidity needs, avoids inappropriate concentrations and delivers an appropriate yield in relationship to our investment guidelines and market conditions. Our investment portfolio, consisting of fixed income securities that we hold on an available-for-sale basis, was approximately ~~$127.3~~$154.8 million as of March 31, ~~2016,~~2017, and ~~$126.0~~$133.1 million as of December 31, ~~2015.~~2016. These securities, like all fixed income instruments, are subject to interest rate risk and would likely decline in value if market interest rates increase. We have the ability to hold our fixed income investments until maturity and, therefore, we would not expect to recognize any material adverse impact in income or cash flows if market interest rates increase.

The following table provides information about our available-for-sale securities that are sensitive to changes in interest rates. We have aggregated our available-for-sale securities for presentation purposes since they are all very similar in nature (dollar amounts in millions):

Interest Rate Sensitivity

Principal Amount by Expected Maturity as of March 31, ~~2016~~2017

																	Remainder of 2017			2018			2019			2020			2021		Thereafter
	Financial instruments mature during year ended December 31,
	Remainder of 2016			2017			2018			2019			2020		Thereafter
CD’s and Available-for-sale securities	$	73.1		$	37.9		$	13.9		$	2.4		$	—	$	—
CD's and Available-for-sale securities																	$	78.0		$	50.4		$	24.6		$	1.8		$	—	$	—
Weighted-average yield rate		0.30	%		0.23	%		0.11	%		0.03	%		—		—		0.52	%		0.42	%		0.22	%		0.02	%		—		—

We have not entered into derivative financial instruments. We do not have operations outside of the U.S. and accordingly, we have not been susceptible to significant risk from changes in foreign currencies.

During the normal course of business, we could be subjected to a variety of market risks, examples of which include, but are not limited to, interest rate movements and foreign currency fluctuations, as we discussed above, and collectability of accounts receivable. We continuously assess these risks and have established policies and procedures to protect against the adverse effects of these and other potential exposures. Although we do not anticipate any material losses in these risk areas, no assurance can be made that material losses will not be incurred in these areas in the future.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our ~~Interim~~President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form ~~10-Q/A.~~10-Q. As disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, we did not have effective policies and procedures, or timely and effective reviews by personnel at an appropriate level, for accounting for stock options awards in accordance with GAAP. In addition, as discussed in Note 1 to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements,2016, we did not have effective policies and procedures, or timely and effective reviews by personnel at an appropriate level, for accounting for the rebates component of our product sales ~~allowances.~~allowances and the allowance for excess and obsolete inventory in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We did not have controls designed to validate the completeness and accuracy of underlying data used in the determination of these significant estimates. Overall the management

in the finance and accounting group did not display adequate tone at the top with respect to judgment and rigor required to resolve the accounting for the rebates component of our product sales allowances. As a result, our ~~Interim~~ Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, and have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form ~~10-Q/A, because of material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting,~~10-Q, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective. To address these material weaknesses, we have taken steps to address the underlying causes of the material weaknesses as described further below under “Remediation Efforts to Address Material Weaknesses in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.” Accordingly, we believe that the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form ~~10-Q/A~~10-Q do fairly present, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented.

Change in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting, other than ~~the material weaknesses described above and the disclosure~~that disclosed below under “Remediation Efforts to Address Material Weaknesses in Internal Control over Financial Reporting,” that occurred during the quarterly period ended March 31, ~~2016~~2017, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

We believe that a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the control system are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within any company have been detected.

Remediation Efforts to Address Material Weaknesses in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We are currently in the process of remediating the material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting as described above and are taking numerous steps that we believe will address the underlying causes of the material weaknesses. We are in the process of completing the formal documentation of our policies and procedures relating to our internal control over financial reporting and will begin testing of these formalized controls in the near future. The identified material weaknesses in internal control will not be considered fully remediated until sufficient time has elapsed to provide evidence that the new controls have been implemented and are operating effectively. We continue to work on implementing and testing these controls in order to make this final determination. Other than the remediation steps described above, there was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The information contained in Note 6 to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

You should carefully consider the risks described in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2015,~~2016, as well as other factors discussed herein under “Forward-Looking Statements” in Part I, Item 2 ~~Management’s~~“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected by any of the risks and uncertainties described therein. There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in Part I, Item 1A, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Share Repurchase Program

On November 5, 2015, we announced a stock repurchase program which authorizes up to $50 million in repurchases of common stock. This program was effective immediately and has no planned expiration date. ~~The following table provides information regarding~~As of March 31, 2017, we had $17.4 million remaining under this program. There were no repurchases of our common stock during the three months ended March 31, ~~2016:~~2017.

   Total Number of
Shares
Purchased    Average Price
Paid per
Share ($)    Total Number of
Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced
Program    Approximate
Dollar
Value of Shares
that
May Yet Be
Purchased
Under the
Program ($)
January 1 - 31, 2016
   411,500    $ 23.04    411,500    $ 24,062,406
February 1 - 29, 2016
   94,200    15.91    94,200    22,563,715
March 1 - 31, 2016
   135,225    17.55    135,225    20,189,884








Total
   640,925    $ 20.83    640,925    $ 20,189,884

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not applicable.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY ~~DISCLOSURE~~DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

Not applicable.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

The Exhibit Index immediately following the Signatures to thisForm ~~10-Q/A~~10-Q is hereby incorporated by reference into thisForm ~~10-Q/A.~~

10-Q.

INSYS ~~THERAPEUTICS,~~THERAPEUTICS, INC.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


		INSYS THERAPEUTICS, INC.

Dated: ~~April 7,~~May 9, 2017		By:	/s/ ~~Dr. Santosh Vetticaden~~Saeed Motahari
			~~Dr. Santosh Vetticaden~~	Saeed Motahari
			~~Interim~~	President and Chief Executive Officer ~~and Chief Medical Officer~~
	(Principal Executive Officer)

		By:	/s/ Darryl S. Baker
			Darryl S. Baker
			Chief Financial Officer
			(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

EXHIBIT INDEX


Exhibit Number		Description of Document

3.1		Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Insys Therapeutics, Inc. (1)

3.2		Amended and Restated Bylaws of Insys Therapeutics, Inc. (2)

3.3		Certificate of Designation of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock (3)

4.1		Form of Common Stock Certificate of Registrant (4)

4.2		Rights Agreement, dated August 15, 2014 between Insys Therapeutics, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A. (5)

31.1		Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (filed herewith)

31.2		Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (filed herewith)

32		Certifications of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith)

101.INS		XBRL Instance ~~Document.~~Document

101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema ~~Document.~~Document

101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase ~~Document.~~Document

101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase ~~Document.~~Document

101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase ~~Document.~~Document

101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase ~~Document.~~Document

(1)	Previously filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

(2)	Previously filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on ~~November 10, 2014,~~May 9, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference.

(3)	Previously filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on August 18, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

(4)	Previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

(5)	Previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on August 18, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

Delaware
~~Delaware~~		51-0327886
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(IRS Employer Identification No.)

1333 S. Spectrum Blvd, Suite 100, Chandler, Arizona		85286
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)


Abbreviated Term		Defined Term

ANDA		Abbreviated New Drug Application
API		Active pharmaceutical ingredient
Aptar		AptarGroup, Inc.
ASC		Accounting Standards Codification
ASU		Accounting Standards Update
ATRA		American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012
AUC		Area under the curve
AVC		Assurance of Voluntary Compliance
BTCP		Breakthrough cancer pain
Catalent		Catalent Pharma Solutions, LLC
CBD		Synthetic cannabidiol
cGMP		Current Good Manufacturing Practices
CID		Civil Investigative Demand
CINV		Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting
CMS		Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
CRO		Contract Research Organization
CSA		Federal Controlled Substances Act of 1970
DEA		U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration
DPT		DPT Lakewood, LLC
ERP		Enterprise Resource Planning
ESI		Express Scripts, Inc.
FASB		Financial Accounting Standards Board
FDA		U.S. Food and Drug Administration
FDCA		Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
FSS		Federal Supply Schedule
~~GAAP~~		~~Generally Accepted Accounting Principles~~
GAO		Government Accountability Office
GCP		Good Clinical Practices
GI		Gastrointestinal
GLP		Good Laboratory Practices
HHS		U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
HIPAA		Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
HITECH		Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009
~~IMS~~		~~IMS Health~~
IND		Investigational New Drug Application
Insys Pharma		Insys Pharma, Inc.
Insys Therapeutics		Insys Therapeutics, Inc.
IPO		Initial public offering
IPR		Inter Partes Review
IRB		Institutional Review Board
~~JOBS Act~~		~~Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012~~
MMA		Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003
Mylan		Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
NDA		New Drug Application
NeoPharm		NeoPharm, Inc.
NOL		Net operating loss carryforward
NRV		Net Realizable Value
NSAID		Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
Orange Book		~~FDA’s~~FDA's Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations
ODOJ		Oregon Department of Justice

Abbreviated Term		Defined Term
~~PDEs~~
PDEs		Prescription Drug Events
PDMA		Prescription Drug Marketing Act
PDUFA		Prescription Drug User Fee Act
PK		Pharmacokinetics
PPACA		Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010
QSR		~~FDA’s~~ FDA's Quality System Regulation
QuintilesIMS		QuintilesIMS Holdings, Inc.
REMS		Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy
RLD		Reference listed drug
SEC		U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
THC		Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
TIRF		Transmucosal immediate-release fentanyl
TIRF REMS		Transmucosal immediate release fentanyl risk evaluation and mitigation strategy
USAO		United States Attorney Office
U.S. GAAP		Accounting Principles Generally Accepted in the United States of America
USPTO		United States Patent and Trademark Office
VC		Vomiting center

										March 31,			December 31,
	March 31, 2016 (unaudited)			December 31, 2015			March 31, 2015 (unaudited)			2017			2016
	(As Restated)						(As Restated)			(unaudited)
Assets
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	73,820		$	79,515		$	70,074		$	68,373		$	104,642
Short-term investments		89,808			79,576			31,386			86,914			78,238
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $4,781, $8,367 and 8,333 at March 31, 2016, December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015, respectively		20,663			47,272			31,617
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $4,105 and $6,144 at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively											13,313			20,654
Inventories, net		32,241			41,715			35,236			21,288			20,414
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		4,077			3,973			5,982			7,048			5,695

Total current assets		220,609			252,051			174,295			196,936			229,643
Property and equipment, net		39,618			38,382			33,846			46,009			43,172
Long-term investments		36,443			43,219			22,891			63,193			53,796
Deferred income tax assets, net		18,192			17,607			13,635			27,708			23,243
Other assets		11,165			26			3,518			3,750			6,282

Total assets	$	326,027		$	351,285		$	248,185		$	337,596		$	356,136


Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	24,590		$	35,611		$	28,434		$	28,205		$	27,359
Accrued compensation		7,239			10,225			7,009			4,236			8,833
Accrued sales allowances		29,742			35,033			21,326			19,352			28,955
Accrued litigation award and settlements		9,567			9,567			8,144			10,067			13,467

Total current liabilities		71,138			90,436			64,913			61,860			78,614
Uncertain income tax position		7,390			8,544			3,736			7,950			7,933

Total liabilities		78,528			98,980			68,649			69,810			86,547


Commitments and contingencies (Note 6)		—			—			—			—			—

Stockholders’ Equity:
Preferred stock (par value $0.01 per share; 10,000,000 shares authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2016, December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015, respectively)		—			—			—
Common stock (par value $0.01 per share; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 71,532,258, 71,907,858 and 71,337,170 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2016, December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015, respectively)		715			719			713
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred stock (par value $0.01 per share; 10,000,000 shares authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)											—			—
Common stock (par value $0.01 per share; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 72,114,799 and 71,923,550 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)											721			719
Additional paid in capital		239,427			246,685			225,952			261,173			256,529
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities		14			(152	)		4
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities, net of tax											(227	)		(302	)
Notes receivable from stockholders		(21	)		(21	)		(21	)		(21	)		(21	)
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)		7,364			5,074			(47,112	)

Total stockholders’ equity		247,499			252,305			179,536


Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	326,027		$	351,285		$	248,185

Retained earnings											6,140			12,664
Total stockholders' equity											267,786			269,589
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity										$	337,596		$	356,136


				PAGE NO.

PART I	FINANCIAL INFORMATION

	Item 1.	Unaudited Financial Statements:
		Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, ~~2016,~~2017 and December 31, ~~2015 and March 31, 2015~~2016			1
		Condensed Consolidated Statements of ~~Income~~Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2016~~2017 and ~~2015~~2016			2
		Condensed Consolidated ~~Statements~~Statement of Stockholders’ Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2016 and 2015~~2017			3
		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2016~~2017 and ~~2015~~2016			4
		Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements			5

	Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			22	23

	Item 3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk			32	33

	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures			32
			33

PART II	OTHER INFORMATION

	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings			33	35

	Item 1A.	Risk Factors			33	35

	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			33	35

	Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities			34	35

	Item 4.	Mine Safety ~~Disclosure~~Disclosures			34	35

	Item 5.	Other Information			34	35

	Item 6.	Exhibits			34	35

	SIGNATURES				35	36

	EXHIBIT INDEX				36	37

	Common Stock				Additional Paid in		Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Available- For-Sale			Notes Receivable From			Retained
	Shares		Amount		Capital		Securities			Stockholders			Earnings			Total
Balance at December 31, 2016		71,923,550	$	719	$	256,529	$	(302	)	$	(21	)	$	12,664		$	269,589
Exercise of stock options		191,249		2		652		—			—			—			654
Stock based compensation- stock options and awards		—		—		3,992		—			—			—			3,992
Unrealized gain on available-for -sale securities, net of tax		—		—		—		75			—			—			75
Net loss		—		—		—		—			—			(6,524	)		(6,524	)
Balance at March 31, 2017		72,114,799	$	721	$	261,173	$	(227	)	$	(21	)	$	6,140		$	267,786


										Unrealized			Notes
							Additional			Gain (Loss) on			Receivable
	Common Stock						Paid in			Available-For-Sale			From			Retained
	Shares			Amount			Capital			Securities			Stockholders			Earnings		Total
Balance at December 31, 2015		71,907,858		$	719		$	246,685		$	(152	)	$	(21	)	$	5,074	$	252,305
Exercise of stock options		265,325			2			1,308			—			—			—		1,310
Excess tax benefits on stock options and awards		—			—			653			—			—			—		653
Stock based compensation - stock options and awards		—			—			4,126			—			—			—		4,126
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities		—			—			—			166			—			—		166
Repurchase of common stock		(640,925	)		(6	)		(13,345	)		—			—			—		(13,351	)
Net income		—			—			—			—			—			2,290		2,290

Balance at March 31, 2016 (As Restated)		71,532,258		$	715		$	239,427		$	14		$	(21	)	$	7,364	$	247,499


	March 31, 2016										March 31, 2015
	As Reported		Reclassification Adjustments			Restatement Adjustments			As Restated		As Reported			Reclassification Adjustments			Restatement Adjustments			As Restated
Accounts receivable, net	$	20,963	$	(300	)	$	—		$	20,663	$	34,176		$	(2,559	)	$	—		$	31,617
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		3,918		(1,156	)		1,315			4,077		2,734			2,559			689			5,982
Deferred income tax assets, net		—		—			—			—		8,479			(8,479	)		—			—
Total current assets		220,750		(1,456	)		1,315			220,609		182,085			(8,479	)		689			174,295
Deferred income tax assets, net		17,046		—			1,146			18,192		4,874			8,479			282			13,635
Total assets		325,022		(1,456	)		2,461			326,027		247,214			—			971			248,185
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		25,746		(1,156	)		—			24,590		36,578			(8,144	)		—			28,434
Accrued sales allowances		24,994		(300	)		5,048			29,742		15,215			—			6,111			21,326
Accrued litigation award and settlements		9,567		—			—			9,567		—			8,144			—			8,144
Total current liabilities		67,546		(1,456	)		5,048			71,138		58,802			—			6,111			64,913
Uncertain income tax position		7,481		—			(91	)		7,390		3,778			—			(42	)		3,736
Total liabilities		75,027		(1,456	)		4,957			78,528		62,580			—			6,069			68,649
Additional paid in capital		239,433		—			(6	)		239,427		227,327			(356	)		(1,019	)		225,952
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)		9,854		—			(2,490	)		7,364		(43,033	)		—			(4,079	)		(47,112	)
Total stockholders’ equity		249,995		—			(2,496	)		247,499		184,634			—			(5,098	)		179,536
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	325,022	$	(1,456	)	$	2,461		$	326,027	$	247,214		$	—		$	971		$	248,185


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2016									Three Months Ended March 31, 2015
	As Reported		Reclassification Adjustments		Restatement Adjustments			As Restated		As Reported		Reclassification Adjustments		Restatement Adjustments			As Restated
Net revenue	$	61,962	$	—	$	(1,541	)	$	60,421	$	70,770	$	—	$	(3,078	)	$	67,692
Gross profit		57,324		—		(1,541	)		55,783		64,395		—		(3,078	)		61,317
Research and development expenses		20,535		—		(1,500	)		19,035		10,602		—		—			10,602
Total operating expenses		55,033		—		(1,500	)		53,533		52,764		—		—			52,764
Operating income		2,291		—		(41	)		2,250		11,631		—		(3,078	)		8,553
Income before income taxes		2,565		—		(41	)		2,524		11,756		—		(3,078	)		8,678
Less: income tax expense		131		—		103			234		3,733		—		(922	)		2,811
Net income		2,434		—		(144	)		2,290		8,023		—		(2,156	)		5,867
Total comprehensive income	$	2,600		—	$	(144	)	$	2,456	$	8,051		—	$	(2,156	)	$	5,895
Net income per common share:
Basic	$	0.03	$	—	$	—		$	0.03	$	0.11	$	—	$	(0.03	)	$	0.08
Diluted	$	0.03	$	—	$	—		$	0.03	$	0.11	$	—	$	(0.03	)	$	0.08


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2016												Three Months Ended March 31, 2015
	As Reported			Reclassification Adjustments			Restatement Adjustments			As Restated			As Reported			Reclassification Adjustments			Restatement Adjustments			As Restated
Net income	$	2,434		$	—		$	(144	)	$	2,290		$	8,023		$	—		$	(2,156	)	$	5,867
Stock-based compensation		5,626			—			(1,500	)		4,126			3,720			—			—			3,720
Deferred income tax benefit, net		(715	)		—			130			(585	)		(1,140	)		—			198			(942	)
Excess tax benefits on stock options and awards		(108	)		—			(545	)		(653	)		(4,069	)		3			465			(3,601	)
Amortization of investment (premium) discount		—			569			—			569			—			194			—			194
Change in accounts receivable		27,496			(887	)		—			26,609			(7,632	)		(483	)		—			(8,115	)
Change in inventories		9,474			(11,139	)		—			(1,665	)		(455	)		(624	)		—			(1,079	)
Change in prepaid expenses and other current assets		(11,083	)		12,294			(1,315	)		(104	)		(666	)		1,107			(655	)		(214	)
Change in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities		(22,361	)		(267	)		2,829			(19,799	)		17,197			(8,004	)		2,613			11,806
Change in accrued litigation award and settlements		—			—			—			—			—			8,000			—			8,000
Net cash provided by operating activities		12,290			570			(545	)		12,315			16,194			193			465			16,852
Purchase of investments		(3,289	)		(19,285	)		—			(22,574	)		(6,602	)		(3,867	)		—			(10,469	)
Proceeds from sales of investments		—			2,108			—			2,108			371			(371	)		—			—
Proceeds from maturity of investments		—			16,607			—			16,607			—			4,045			—			4,045
Purchases of property and equipment		(2,763	)		—			—			(2,763	)		(5,191	)		—			—			(5,191	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(6,052	)		(570	)		—			(6,622	)		(11,422	)		(193	)		—			(11,615	)
Excess tax benefits on stock options and awards		108			—			545			653			4,069			(3	)		(465	)		3,601
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		1,310			—			—			1,310			3,127			3			—			3,130
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	$	(11,933	)	$	—		$	545		$	(11,388	)	$	7,196		$	—		$	(465	)	$	6,731


	Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Other- Than- Temporary Impairment Losses		Fair Value		Cash and Cash Equivalents		Short-term Investments		Long-term Investments		Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Other- Than- Temporary Impairment Losses		Fair Value		Cash and Cash Equivalents		Short-term Investments		Long-term Investments
Cash	$	53,683	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	53,683	$	53,683	$	—	$	—	$	28,562	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	28,562	$	28,562	$	—	$	—
Money market securities		19,003		—		—			—		19,003		19,003		—		—		34,802		—		—			—		34,802		34,802		—		—
Marketable securities:
Certificates of deposit		29,523		—		—			—		29,523		—		19,642		9,881		25,919		—		—			—		25,919		—		14,055		11,864
Marketable securities:
Commercial paper																			11,963		—		—			—		11,963		4,497		7,466		—
Corporate securities		29,374		13		(16	)		—		29,371		175		24,259		4,937		53,815		6		(120	)		—		53,701		—		34,371		19,330
Federal agency securities		18,053		3		(10	)		—		18,046		899		10,396		6,751		33,320		3		(94	)		—		33,229		—		10,502		22,727
Municipal securities		50,421		36		(12	)		—		50,445		60		35,511		14,874		30,326		6		(28	)		—		30,304		512		20,520		9,272

Total marketable securities		97,848		52		(38	)		—		97,862		1,134		70,166		26,562		155,343		15		(242	)		—		155,116		5,009		86,914		63,193
																		$	218,707	$	15	$	(242	)	$	—	$	218,480	$	68,373	$	86,914	$	63,193

	$	200,057	$	52	$	(38	)	$	—	$	200,071	$	73,820	$	89,808	$	36,443


	March 31, 2016				December 31, 2015				March 31, 2017				December 31, 2016
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Marketable securities:
Due in one year or less	$	71,310	$	71,300	$	66,148	$	66,094	$	93,976	$	93,924	$	80,092	$	80,027
Due after one year through 5 years		26,538		26,562		33,731		33,633		61,367		61,192		53,540		53,303
Due after 5 years through 10 years		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Due after 10 years		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
									$	155,343	$	155,116	$	133,632	$	133,330

	$	97,848	$	97,862	$	99,879	$	99,727


PBM		Pharmacy Benefit Managers

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

~~☐ (Do~~(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company